Graph neural networks help optimize complex upconverting nanoparticle heterostructures by revealing photophysical design rules through gradient-based optimization.
0h agoSleep disturbance and repetitive sensorimotor behaviours are strongly linked in people with autism, and sleep problems make these behaviours worse in autistic people more than in others.
0h agoDifferent pathogens trigger distinct sickness states by engaging different cell types and brain circuits, leading to unique changes in behavior, physiology, and brain activity.
0h agoA new analysis pipeline reliably detects planar waves in EEG recordings by extracting genuine oscillatory activity, fitting a spherical wave model, and identifying stable waves.
0h agoInhibitory neurons can excite their neighbors electrically while inhibiting their downstream targets chemically, and they coordinate their spike timing to produce a specific pattern that enhances their inhibitory effect on their target cells.
0h agoMultiple sclerosis causes changes in the properties of peripheral autonomic neurons, leading to altered bladder function and potentially contributing to neurogenic bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction.
0h agoMales and females with a model of schizophrenia reach similar prefrontal inhibitory deficits through different molecular pathways.
0h agoHabituation to irrelevant stimuli develops early in infancy and changes with age, with older infants in their first year of life habituating more rapidly to auditory stimuli.
0h agoThe striatum directly controls specific ongoing movements by encoding the preparation and execution of actions through specific ensembles of medium spiny neurons.
0h agoN-acetyl cysteine (NAC) improves cognitive performance and restores growth and connectivity of cortical projection neurons by activating antioxidant defense and neuronal growth genes, rather than restoring normal cell states or gene expression.
0h agoAndrogen signaling shapes the human brain development by changing transcription, cell populations, and epigenetic landscapes in a genetic background-dependent manner.
0h agoA multimodal large language model effectively predicts brain responses to movie stimuli, especially in temporal, medial parietal, and lateral frontal areas, and links brain activity to cognitive performance.
0h agoHigh-density diffuse optical tomography can recover detailed semantic representations from naturalistic movies, mapping how the brain represents meaning in real-world contexts.
0h agoCerebral arterial stiffening partially explains the effect of age on frontal grey matter volume decline, especially in females.
0h agoSocially-laden stimuli slightly modulate brain excitation and inhibition in adults, and people with better social function tend to have higher levels of a certain brain chemical called glutamate when at rest.
0h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound has a location-specific subthreshold modulatory effect on the brain, and when combined with transcranial direct current stimulation, it can evoke cortical target-location specific activity.
0h agoTaking a placebo described as an antipsychotic improves cognition by changing self-representations, enhancing arousal and attention, and weakening the binding of experience to reality.
0h agoInfants as young as 8 months old can connect touch and sight to focus their attention, but 5-month-old infants do not have this ability.
4h agoPeople with multiple sclerosis have altered excitation and inhibition balance in the visuomotor network, which disrupts normal brain function and contributes to disease progression.
4h agoSpreading depolarizations can promote seizure-like events by causing a wave of neuronal excitation that reaches the epileptic focus, and then suppress epileptic activity when they spread through the focus.
4h agoThe brain's left and right hemispheres have different functional connections, and a new metric called Pattern Dissimilarity of Hemispheric Functional Connectivity (PDHC) measures this asymmetry in a way that captures its complex patterns.
4h agoInfant microbiome composition and behavioral responses to maternal unpredictability help explain variation in human behavioral development, with infant visual orienting behaviour linked to gut microbial profiles and neuroactive gene synthesis.
4h agoA spiking neural network model of the ascending tactile pathway efficiently encodes and transforms tactile information from skin receptors to cortical neurons, enabling robust neural representations and real-time processing.
4h agoA fully implantable wireless optogenetic device delivers targeted stimulation to the brain and generates artificial perception in mice.
8h agoReproducible cortical firing patterns arise from hierarchical modular networks shaped by distance-dependent connectivity, not attractor dynamics, suggesting the cortex is prewired for scaffold coordination and learning.
8h agoEnergy-based models can be extended to asymmetric neural systems, revealing a game-theoretic structure where each neuron seeks to minimize its own energy.
12h agoA new framework called SSDLabeler generates realistic, annotated semi-synthetic EEG data that improves the accuracy of artifact classification across diverse conditions.
12h agoMusical attention can be decoded using a lightweight EEG device, enabling the tracking of listeners' attention and perceptual focus during natural music listening experiences.
12h agoA few million words are enough for children to learn language, and brain activity shows that linguistic features are represented across the cortex, evolving with age as faster phonetic features appear early and slower word-level representations develop later.
12h agoA curvature-based geometric formulation of the Euler-Poisson equations reveals a pure-precession regime with constant tilt angle and uniform precession for specific inertia ratios.
12h agoThe classical limit of a nonlinear semiclassical hybrid system is characterized by a pure density matrix representing a single state that reproduces classical dynamics.
12h agoSub-Riemannian structures with $n$ parameters can be constructed on compact Lie groups, and their normal geodesic lines can be described on these groups and on homogeneous spaces.
12h agoIncreasing stratification in turbulent flows leads to a reduction in chaotic dynamics, causing uncertainty to grow more slowly along the stratification direction than horizontally.
12h agoA bimodal light field envelope in a medium with competing nonlinearities forms dynamically stable stationary states with two distinct flat-top regions, representing half-vortices with different intensities and topological charges.
12h agoA new framework, called Agent-Based-Model informed Neural Networks (ABM-NNs), helps design neural networks that follow the underlying principles of complex systems, enabling more interpretable and structure-preserving dynamics.
12h agoThe dynamics of inertial particles in turbulence follow a Markov process across the inertial range, enabling a coarse-grained description through a Fokker-Planck equation.
12h agoCells differentiate into multiple types through three major processes - chaotic oscillations, channeled annealing, and rapid quenching - which achieve robustness to external perturbations by using different dynamics and gene regulation networks.
12h agoThe introduction of gauged Lagrangian 1-forms extends Lagrangian 1-forms to gauge theories, yielding a multiform version of the 3d mixed BF action and providing a variational formulation of Hitchin's integrable system.
12h agoA new training algorithm for binary neural networks enables these networks to achieve test accuracy improvements of up to 35.47% over existing solutions, while reducing computational cost and memory usage.
12h agoBinary Error Propagation (BEP) enables end-to-end binary training for neural networks, including recurrent architectures, by propagating binary error signals through multiple layers using only bitwise operations.
12h agoEnergy-based models can be extended to asymmetric neural systems, revealing a game-theoretic structure where each neuron seeks to minimize its own energy.
12h agoA new equation of state accurately describes the behavior of hard sphere fluids across stable and metastable density ranges.
12h agoA mean-field model predicts that glasses under oscillatory driving forces exhibit an oscillatory yielding transition, characterized by a change from absorbing to diffusive microscopic trajectories and large-scale hysteresis.
12h agoA simple two-dimensional model of particles interacting through a double-well potential can produce complex patterns found in amorphous substances, including medium- or long-range order and local polycrystallinity.
12h agoMachine learning models can learn physical concepts, but their interpretability is challenging; a hybrid tensor-neural network exactly expresses a real space topological invariant and its trainability and generalization are rigorously assessed.
12h agoAAV2-retro virus injected into the inner ear successfully labels the lateral olivocochlear (LOC) pathway, but also causes off-target transfection in the brain and contralateral cochlea, with the extent of contralateral transfection depending on animal age and virus dosage.
16h agoThe spleen contributes to neutrophil production after a stroke, and inhibiting the protein S100A8/A9 reduces inflammation and improves recovery.
16h agoSerotonin has different effects on various types of neurons in the prefrontal cortex, suppressing excitation and facilitating inhibition through cell type-specific receptor mechanisms.
40h agoThe mTORC1 pathway regulates learning-induced protein translation and cortical plasticity in layer 5b neurons, contributing to learning and memory.
40h agoVagus nerve stimulation paired with extinction reshapes brain circuits to reduce drug seeking by decreasing some neural connections and increasing others.
44h agoScouter, a lightweight AI method, predicts genome-wide transcriptional responses to single- and two-gene perturbations with higher accuracy than leading approaches.
56h agoChemAHNet, a deep learning model, predicts stereoselectivity and absolute configurations in the asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins with two prochiral centers.
56h agoMicroglial activation mediates the loss of astrocytic AQP4 polarization caused by beta-adrenergic receptor activation.
64h agoFKBP51 regulates cellular stress responses and its deletion reduces seizure activity, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a mouse model of epilepsy.
68h agoFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy and graph theory analysis reveal that high performing individuals have low functional connectivity strength and high efficiency in the prefrontal cortex, while low performing individuals have high modularity and low efficiency, during spoken word processing.
68h agoFlavonoids (diosmine, hesperidin, and rutin) protect the brain and duodenum against inflammation and oxidative stress caused by 3-NPA, a compound that mimics Huntington's disease.
68h agoA spatial transcriptomic atlas of the human basal ganglia reveals region-selective diversification of cell types, distinct molecular identities, and spatial localizations across ~7 million cells.
68h agoGeneral anesthesia works by targeting specific brain cells and neural circuits distributed throughout the brain to produce immobility, discoordination, and anti-nociception.
68h agoCLN7 disease causes region-dependent brain changes, including atrophy, hypometabolism, and neuroinflammation, in Japanese macaques, and these changes are similar to those found in humans with the disease.
68h agoMucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA mice with the Arg245His mutation show spatial memory and learning deficits, accumulate brain heparan sulfate, and exhibit brain pathology, recapitulating key characteristics of the human disorder.
68h agoLemborexant treatment reduces infarct volume and promotes recovery by stabilizing sleep in a rodent model of stroke.
68h agoChanges in sustained attention modulate the occurrence and timing of hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, which are more frequent during high-attention periods but show increased endogenous coordination during low-attention periods.
68h agoA database of over 1,000 biologically grounded neuron models is presented, enabling the development of artificial neural networks that mimic the diversity of real brain cells.
68h agoLanguage comprehension relies on a network of brain areas that extract information from linguistic input, while a separate network responds to task demands to determine the appropriate response.
68h agoVagal cardiac mechanoreceptors play a key role in maintaining blood circulation by compensating for decreased blood volume and heartbeat changes.
68h agoCannabidiol decreases the excitability of certain neurons in the nucleus accumbens, a brain region involved in anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders.
68h agoThe brain's memory structure reflects its underlying connectivity, with stronger memory effects present during wakefulness than deep sleep, indicating richer inter-regional dependencies and more integrated dynamics.
68h agoHuman glial progenitor cells can be converted into neurons that survive for up to 10 months in mouse brains, mature structurally and functionally, and integrate into brain circuits.
68h agoThe accumulation of autofluorescent ceroid lipofuscin in the brain causes Northern epilepsy, a disease characterized by progressive seizures, cognitive impairment, and motor decline.
68h agoThe integrity of the locus coeruleus and its rate of degeneration predict tau deposition, attention changes, and memory decline in older adults with a risk of Alzheimer's disease.
68h agoInternal selection in working memory is guided by a time-extended cortical process that resolves competition between goal-relevant and stimulus-driven information, rather than through rapid capture like external attention.
68h agoHoney bees follow their own unique routes with high precision when flying between their hive and foraging locations, using visual information in different ways to navigate.
72h agoThe insula communicates with the frontal cortex to promote attention, and this communication differs between males and females, with distinct patterns of brain activity associated with attention-guided behavior.
72h agoTREK channels are expressed in intracardiac ganglion neurons and help control their excitability and cellular homeostasis.
72h agoNLX-204 shows dose-dependent analgesic and anti-allodynic activity in two rat models of nociceptive/inflammatory pain.
72h agoPhysiologic glucose and oxygen conditions impact the metabolic state and developmental progression of cortical cell types, with changes in nutrient accessibility affecting cell type-specific responses, fate, and metabolism.
72h agoNerve injuries in early postnatal stages result in different outcomes than adult injuries because neuronal survival and regenerative capacity vary at different ages.
72h agoAging leads to a decline in the oligodendrocyte lineage, marked by reduced NG2-glia population, cell cycle dysregulation, myelin debris accumulation, and selective loss of myelinating oligodendrocytes, particularly in highly myelinated regions.
76h agoPthlh interneurons play a crucial role in cognitive processing by integrating local and long-range signals, and their inhibition impairs striatum-dependent cognitive functions and exploratory behavior.
76h agoAcetylcholine plays a key role in shaping the brain's structure, particularly in the connection between the basal forebrain and other brain regions.
76h agoHesitation, which is pausing in the face of uncertainty, is controlled by indirect pathway striatal neurons, not direct ones.
80h agoReduced spontaneous activity in certain auditory nerve fibers leads to tinnitus-related hyperactivity in the brain.
80h agoAI-generated images can help international students express their mental distress, with the effectiveness depending on the design of the prompts used to create the images.
84h agoSpeech movements have a rhythmic organization, with a limit cycle structure underlying the motor activity of individual articulatory actions.
84h agoTraining RNNs to reproduce behaviour, including errors and suboptimalities, allows for the automatic discovery of viable neural mechanisms that underpin cognition.
84h agoAffordance processing in premotor regions drives action language understanding by engaging downstream parietal and temporal areas.
84h agoInformation-theoretic measures reveal clear, stimulus-specific patterns in neural population dynamics that traditional variability metrics miss.
84h agoA combinatorial neural code can be realized as a minor of a neural code arising from a representable oriented matroid, and researchers provide a complete characterization of covering relations within neural codes.
84h agoRecurrent neural networks perform computations by dynamically warping their representations of task variables.
84h agoA universal AI tutor remains elusive after decades of effort, but large language models may offer a solution.
84h agoAssuming aliens with complex behavior are conscious is reasonable based on Copernican principles, but this assumption does not apply to robots designed to mimic conscious behavior, changing how we assess consciousness in aliens and robots.
84h agoBrainPath, a new AI model, generates synthetic brain images that predict how an individual's brain will age, enabling personalized healthcare interventions.
84h agoA common framework is created to map neuromodulation-based physiological closed-loop controllers, integrating FDA guidance, biomarker classification, and control systems theory to manage risk and guide device development.
84h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
84h agoThe mean-field formulation of a totalistic cellular automaton approximates the logistic equation only with an infinite-range neighborhood.
84h agoBifurcation analysis of the FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator driven by a sinusoidal source reveals a 2D regime map with varied oscillatory dynamics, including unstable oscillations and distinct families of subharmonic limit cycles and chaos.
84h agoThe dynamics near period-doubling bifurcations in the dissipative relativistic kicked rotator produce a power-law decay with a critical exponent of -1/2 and exhibit universality with one-dimensional unimodal maps.
84h agoA uniform high frequency drive applied to a weakly-coupled discrete nonlinear resonator array can modulate the onsite stiffness and damping, allowing for active control of the nonlinear response and phonon dispersion relation.
84h agoA unified contact-geometric framework describes the transition from periodic waves to localised solitons in the two-dimensional Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation, revealing that conserved contact potential governs the emergence of ordered patterns in dissipative media.
84h agoSwarmalators exhibit swarming and synchronization behavior due to interactions of their positions and phases of oscillation, and a pseudo-force acting on their positions leads to transitions from active to static states.
84h agoThe logistic map's dynamics can be distinguished in different regimes by using Fisher information and Cramer-Rao complexity, which vary with the map's behavior, including a maximum in Fisher information in regular behavior and a maximum in CR complexity near the Pomeau-Maneville scenario.
84h agoA new computational model called GateMod links task structure to neural circuit architecture, providing a unified framework for understanding how natural intelligence composes acquired skills to plan and execute behaviors.
84h agoChaotic dynamics in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals produce gravitational wave signals with broader frequency spectra, enhanced amplitude, and energy emission rate, which can be used to distinguish them from non-chaotic signals.
84h agoTurbulence of weakly interacting waves shows universality, but transitions from weak to strong turbulence change its behavior, with nonlocality enhancing nonlinearity and affecting the relationship between pumping level and turbulence level.
84h agoThe study investigates the theory of R-brackets, Baxter brackets, and Nijenhuis brackets in the Banach setting and their relation to Banach Poisson-Lie groups.
84h agoBrownian motion models are used to study social and economic processes by simulating collective decision-making among interacting agents with discrete choices.
84h agoA framework for topological soliton dynamics in trapped spinor superfluids reveals that spin corrections can change the direction of the total force on a soliton, enabling new types of motion in harmonic and other traps.
84h agoThe Bennett profile's plasma number density can be redefined by transferring nonlinearity to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a vortical flow that meets the validity criterion for a shear-flow stabilized Z-pinch under certain temperature profile constraints.
84h agoMean-motion resonances and their connections enable natural semi-major axis transport in the Earth-Moon system through ballistic pathways that achieve major orbit changes within reasonable times.
84h agoThe study introduces multi-dimensional chaos, a concept that describes erratic functions of several dynamical variables, and applies it to classical and quantum scattering, finding that the eigenvalues of the S-matrix follow a specific distribution and that extrema spacings in a related electric potential follow certain statistical patterns.
84h agoThe combination of quantum mechanics and classical chaos resolves Loschmidt's paradox, explaining how irreversible macroscopic evolution arises from time-reversible microscopic dynamics.
84h agoThe junctions of hindered-rotation chains form networks with unique transport properties, where geodesics behave like Brownian motion and follow a new universality class of Euclidean first-passage percolation.
84h agoThe kinetic framework proposes that the Stokes-Einstein relation breaks down in supercooled liquids because the effective collision diameter increases and then saturates, leading to cooperative motion governing the slowdown.
84h agoMagnetic domain walls exhibit two types of dynamics, one controlled by disorder at low drive and the other governed by texture at high drive, and a crossover mechanism between them is established through experiments and simulations.
84h agoThe circular current in Hubbard quantum rings decreases with increasing on-site repulsion, and its response to extended interaction depends on the electron filling factor.
84h agoOhmic dissipation and quenched disorder combine to smear two out of three quantum phase transitions in the random quantum Ashkin-Teller model.
84h agoA family of two-dimensional bipartite hyperbolic lattices hosts massless Dirac-like excitations that remain stable against weak point-like charge impurities but transition to a metallic state and eventually an Anderson insulator as disorder increases.
84h agoDifferences between thermal and quantum annealing emerge for specific interaction networks, and quantum tunnelling produces qualitative differences in navigating a system toward the ground state.
84h agoDopamine release in the ventromedial striatum integrates the initiation of actions with the estimation of spatial proximity to rewards.
92h agoThe Human NVU Atlas reveals that Alzheimer's disease disrupts the neurovascular unit, particularly through vascular cell transcriptional hyperactivity, sex-specific vulnerabilities, and extracellular matrix disruptions.
92h agoThe primate brain generates motion perception by computing velocity anew at each level of the cortical hierarchy, allowing it to efficiently encode a wide range of motion speeds.
96h agoCombining a voltage-sensitive dye with a calcium indicator allows measuring neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in brain slices.
96h agoThe brain uses a body-axis-anchored neural signal in the retrosplenial complex to help with navigation by encoding acceleration and alignment with the body's principal axes during goal-directed movements.
96h agoThe left medial habenula plays a predominant role in modulating fear memories through gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor-mediated signaling.
96h agoAuditory evoked potentials can be reliably recorded in real-life environments using a portable ear-EEG platform, even with short recording durations of 10 minutes or less.
96h agoRe-expressing the SynGAP1 protein after development restores the structure and signaling dynamics of disrupted synaptic protein interaction networks in mice.
96h agoAcute ethanol consumption impairs memory consolidation in satiated flies by switching their memory to a sleep-independent form that is then disrupted by ethanol-induced sedation.
96h agoThe structure of the nAChR and rapsyn complex reveals a consistent, asymmetric 3:1 binding architecture where rapsyn is sandwiched between the MX-MA loops from two subunits, with phosphorylated tyrosines lodged in cationic pockets.
96h agoAdolescent alcohol consumption impairs spatial recognition memory and reduces spine density in neurons connecting the prefrontal cortex to the mediodorsal thalamus.
96h agoSenescent astrocytes in the hippocampus exhibit reduced synaptogenic capacity due to a loss of thrombospondin-1, leading to impaired excitatory synapse formation.
96h agoMutations in DNM2 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy characterized by sensory and motor deficits, and increasing DNM2 activity does not improve symptoms in a mouse model of the disease.
96h agoSpontaneous human brain activity during rest is structured by a deformable attractor manifold that allows for continuous deformation and reshaping of attractor geometry.
96h agoThe brain needs awareness to use internal models to anticipate and reduce responses to predictable sensory input, and without awareness, the brain does not make this adjustment.
96h agoDeepWonder3D, a pipeline for 3D neuronal extraction, rapidly and robustly extracts neuronal calcium dynamics from large-scale 3D imaging data with high fidelity, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
96h agoHippocampal replay events allow animals to use memories to plan future actions beyond their immediate surroundings.
96h agoN-linked glycosylation of tau regulates its propagation and neuronal uptake by reprogramming tau-polyanion binding, seeding, and entry into human neurons.
100h agoInfants as young as 3 months old can anticipate and prepare their own actions, displaying pupil dilation before initiating movements with a toy, which suggests the emergence of intentional action.
100h agoDiabetes alters amacrine cell output to Rod Bipolar Cells, changing how calcium handling affects inhibitory signals.
100h agoDownstream capillary pericytes actively regulate blood flow by contracting in a torsional manner, challenging the traditional view that they are passive conduits.
100h agoKCNQ2 potassium channels play a crucial role in regulating electrical signals in the brain, and changes in the KCNQ2 gene can cause early life epilepsy and neurodevelopmental impairment.
100h agoThe connection between the anterior thalamic nuclei and the retrosplenial cortex, a pathway important for memory and spatial navigation, is unaffected by amyloid-beta overexpression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
100h agoMulti-PE acquisition with a 4-way PE scheme provides the most accurate and reproducible results for geometric alignment and microstructural estimates in high-resolution 7T diffusion MRI.
100h agoThe lateral intraparietal area (LIP) integrates visual information with task demands to guide eye movements, and it has heterogeneous sensory and motor encoding with a strong post-saccadic motor signal.
100h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex helps control attention by sending signals to the locus coeruleus, and activating this connection improves attention by enhancing discrimination through a specific brain circuit.
100h agoGABA co-release at glycinergic synapses helps shape the functional synaptic architecture necessary for accurate sound localization by refining the properties of synaptic transmission.
100h agoLarge language models can systematically and quantitatively synthesize neuroscientific knowledge across different brain regions, model organisms, and studies to identify patterns and insights that were previously unknown.
100h agoThalamic engagement occurs early in seizure evolution, with the pulvinar subregion often activated first, and the mediodorsal subregion typically involved later, but crucially activated when seizures spread to the contralateral hemisphere.
100h agoA gene therapy strategy using small nuclear RNAs restores normal pre-mRNA processing of key neuronal genes STMN2 and UNC13A, correcting mis-splicing caused by TDP-43 loss of function in ALS.
100h agoBrief exposure to morphine in early life causes persistent changes in brain cells, leading to increased anxiety and aversion-related behaviors, especially in individuals with HIV.
100h agoNeuropathic pain resolves without tissue or sensory neuron loss and is accompanied by distinct sex-specific changes in immune cells, satellite glial cells, and sensory neurons.
100h agoLimbic structures in the brain send twice as many signals as they receive, both when people are awake and asleep.
100h agoThe protein disulfide isomerase P4HB facilitates prion replication in cells by stabilizing the prion protein and potentially acting as a chaperone that directly modulates prion conversion.
100h agoReward type and task complexity jointly influence learning and the shift from exploration to exploitation, with different reward modalities showing distinct behavioral dynamics.
100h agoKYNA formation and synthesis inhibition change throughout the day, with higher KYNA levels and greater synthesis inhibition in the dark phase than in the light phase, and therapies targeting KYNA synthesis should consider time-dependent factors.
100h agoDopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex play a critical role in initiating goal-directed movements, and their activation can drive targeted movement even in mice with dopamine depletion.
100h agoHormonal changes during the menstrual cycle reorganize brain dynamics, with estradiol, progesterone, and age modulating multiple brain networks.
100h agoThe hippocampus changes its coding of information throughout categorization training, representing critical events in a format that supports generalization of category membership.
100h agoA new computational method called DENDRO enables the estimation of full 3D voltage across an entire dendritic tree over time, by combining 3D anatomical information with 2D voltage video data.
100h agoAdults with autism spectrum disorder conform as much as neurotypical adults to social norms driven by acceptance-seeking, but are less responsive to social cues driven by accuracy-seeking.
100h agoThe human hippocampus plays a role in forming short-term auditory memory, processing auditory information before attention is paid, and interacting with other brain areas in a hierarchical manner.
100h agoMOSAIC, a fMRI dataset aggregation framework, combines eight large-scale vision fMRI datasets from 93 subjects to create a robust resource for modeling human vision.
100h agoStrategic adaptation to a changing environment works through hypothesis testing, where learners generate and refine ideas through practice, and this process leads to an efficiency-flexibility trade-off in motor learning.
100h agoEarly activity during a critical period sets long-term intrinsic properties of neurons in a cell-type specific way, with excitatory and inhibitory interneurons showing opposite responses to optogenetic excitation or inhibition.
100h agoThe hippocampus shows peaks in activity before event boundaries, which decrease as people learn event schemas, indicating that these peaks signal uncertainty about upcoming events.
100h agoThe human heartbeat affects the acoustic features of the voice, and this heart-voice coupling may have been overlooked in laboratory phonology and bioacoustics despite its potential for cardiac monitoring and understanding vocal control.
100h agoMacrophage regulation in multiple sclerosis models is controlled by key cytokine signaling pathways that govern myeloid cell behavior in neuroinflammation.
104h agoCerebellar neurons encode the size and direction of motor errors, enabling the brain to rapidly adjust movements.
104h agoBCNE, an unsupervised deep-learning method, reveals clear brain activity trajectories and distinguishes cognitive events, learning stages, and active versus passive movement more effectively than traditional data visualization methods.
104h agoInfants as young as 3 months old can anticipate and prepare their own actions, displaying pupil dilation before initiating movements with a toy, and learn to predict the outcomes of their actions.
104h agoThe brain's optimal performance is achieved by operating in a Griffiths phase, a state that balances robustness and flexibility, and allows for individual variability in neural dynamics and cognitive functions.
108h agoNext-generation neural mass models provide a broader dynamical repertoire than classical models, allowing for the emergence of rich spatiotemporal patterns and cross-frequency coupling in large-scale brain dynamics.
108h agoGoal shaping enables the best performance in a grid world navigation task, but it hampers learning about the environment's transition dynamics.
108h agoSleep disorders need effective and widely accessible treatments, and non-invasive brain stimulation shows promise in promoting sleep enhancement.
108h agoThe brain's synaptic network is best modeled by a mathematical system that captures the flow of interactions between neurons, and its thermodynamic properties reveal neurolocomotor neurons as primary hubs of incoming connections.
108h agoA kernel similarity matching framework for generative modeling learns representations by maximizing similarity between input and latent kernels, potentially providing insights into how task representations are encoded in the brain.
108h agoA new method infers a neuron's membrane voltage, biophysical parameters, and position relative to a probe using extracellular measurements.
108h agoA new class of artificial neural networks unifies the computational principles of predictive coding and hierarchical Gaussian filtering, enabling the creation of modular architectures with complex hierarchical structures.
108h agoParticles in a periodically modulated optical trap can exhibit transient chaos, leading to acceleration, ejection, and then return to the trap under the action of the Stokes force.
108h agoExplosive synchronization occurs in Type-I neurons under certain conditions, specifically weak heterogeneity, on scale-free and star networks with complete and partial degree-frequency correlation.
108h agoThe assist-as-needed control algorithm helps patients with mobility issues during rehabilitation by providing precise and adaptable support through an exoskeleton.
108h agoOptical feedback dynamics in terahertz frequency combs generated from quantum cascade lasers exhibit clear bifurcation routes, transitioning from stable frequency comb operation to chaotic emission through period-one oscillations and higher-order bifurcations as feedback increases.
108h agoA fiber-based platform allows for the manipulation of optical solitons, enabling precise control over their dynamics, including trapping, parametric excitation, and interactions, similar to the behavior of particles.
108h agoCoupled chaotic Lorenz oscillators exhibit deterministic coherence and anti-coherence resonance phenomena when their coupling strength is varied, with both effects occurring simultaneously below a threshold value.
108h agoOpinion dynamics in a population change from a bipolarized state to a consensus state as interaction thresholds vary, with more homogeneous populations tending to polarize and diverse populations reaching consensus sooner.
108h agoA Z_2 topological bipolar skin effect exists in a non-Hermitian Rashba chain, where spin-up and spin-down eigenstates localize at opposite boundaries, and this effect is protected against moderate disorder but breaks down before Anderson localization occurs.
108h agoThe energy gap of a one-dimensional random transverse-field Ising model follows a stretched exponential scaling under general independent and identical distributions of the exchange energies.
108h agoIntroducing a hard threshold in the learning rule enhances memory of previous tasks in physical networks by confining tuning to specific areas, allowing multiple sequential tasks to be learned without erasing earlier solutions.
108h agoA systematic approach based on the Anderson quantum model describes electrons in random lattices, covering both metallic and localized phases.
108h agoThe Localization Landscape Theory does not accurately capture the critical properties of Anderson localization, as its percolation transition and the Anderson localization transition have different critical behaviors.
108h agoThe high-order delta-Chebyshev method rapidly computes spectral densities of sparse Hamiltonians, achieving rapid convergence to the thermodynamic limit for smooth spectral densities.
108h agoQuantum annealers have residual non-thermal effects that do not fit the assumed scaling law for effective temperature, and these effects remain even as the system size increases.
108h agoThe bias-reversal symmetry holds if the local left-right bond-bias ratio is spatially uniform, and disorder at the site level breaks this symmetry through interaction with particles, while bond disorder preserves it.
108h agoTwo new order parameters, probability distribution deviation and von Neumann entropy, reveal that localization transition and thermalization breakdown transition occur in the disordered Heisenberg model, with the latter preceding the former in interacting cases.
108h agoThe vector nature of phonons does not affect the Anderson localization transition of phonons, according to a study that used a new phonon dynamical cluster approximation to investigate phonon localization in disordered media.
108h agoA discontinuous percolation transition occurs in a bipartite network when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, resulting in a single macroscopic cluster with a finite fraction of nodes.
108h agoThe brain's synaptic network is best modeled by a mathematical system that captures the flow of interactions between neurons, and its thermodynamic properties reveal neurolocomotor neurons as primary hubs of incoming connections.
108h agoDiabetes alters amacrine cell output to Rod Bipolar Cells, changing how calcium handling affects the duration of inhibitory responses.
116h agoDownstream capillary pericytes actively regulate blood flow by contracting in a torsional manner, challenging the traditional view that they are passive conduits.
116h agoKCNQ2 potassium channels containing the subunit KCNQ2 regulate electrical signals in the brain related to sensation, learning, and motor control, and mutations in this subunit, such as the G256W variant, disrupt channel function and contribute to severe epilepsy and neurodevelopmental impairment.
116h agoThe Alzheimer's disease-like pathology does not impair the connection between the anterior thalamic nuclei and the retrosplenial cortex in a mouse model.
116h agoMulti-PE acquisition, especially a 4-way PE scheme, improves geometric accuracy and data reproducibility in high-resolution 7T diffusion MRI.
116h agoThe lateral intraparietal area (LIP) integrates visual information with task demands to guide rapid eye movements, with neural units showing mixed sensory and motor encoding.
116h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex helps control attention by sending signals to the locus coeruleus.
116h agoGABA co-release at glycinergic synapses helps shape the functional synaptic architecture of sound localization pathways by refining synaptic transmission properties, but not circuit refinement.
116h agoLarge language models can systematically synthesize neuroscientific knowledge across studies and species to identify patterns and insights about brain regions and their functions.
116h agoThalamic engagement occurs early in seizure evolution, with the pulvinar subregion often activated first, and the mediodorsal subregion typically involved later, but crucially engaged when seizures spread to the contralateral hemisphere.
116h agoA gene therapy strategy using small nuclear RNAs restores normal processing of key genes STMN2 and UNC13A, which are disrupted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, thereby rescuing motor neuron function.
116h agoBrief exposure to morphine in early life causes changes in brain cells that lead to anxiety and aversion-related behaviors, especially in individuals with HIV.
116h agoScientists create an organoid biobank to study neurodevelopmental disorders.
120h agoToxic protein disrupts normal brain function.
120h agoTirzepatide affects brain activity in the NAc and reduces food preoccupation.
120h agoRecurrence explains the findings. However I need a paragraph to work with. You only provided a few lines. Please provide a paragraph for me to work with. I will then create a single sentence summary.
120h agoNature Neuroscience introduces two initiatives to promote quality, transparency, and inclusivity in peer review, enabling publication of peer review reports and author responses, and facilitating participation of early career researchers.
120h agoNeuropathic pain resolution involves sex-specific changes in sensory neurons, satellite glial cells, and macrophages in the dorsal root ganglion, with males and females showing different immune responses and cellular interactions.
120h agoLimbic structures in the brain send twice as many signals as they receive, both when people are awake and asleep.
120h agoThe protein P4HB facilitates prion replication in cells by stabilizing the prion protein and potentially acting as a chaperone that directly modulates prion conversion.
120h agoReward type and task complexity jointly influence learning and the transition from exploration to exploitation, with different reward modalities showing distinct behavioral dynamics.
120h agoKYNA formation and synthesis inhibition change throughout the day, with higher KYNA levels and greater synthesis inhibition occurring in the dark phase than the light phase, and sleep deprivation increases KYNA levels.
120h agoDopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex play a critical role in initiating goal-directed movements, and activating these neurons can drive targeted movement even in mice with dopamine depletion.
120h agoHormonal changes during the menstrual cycle alter the organization of brain dynamics, and a new model-based approach can accurately predict menstrual cycle phases using brain activity.
120h agoThe hippocampus changes its coding of information throughout categorization training, representing critical events in a format that supports generalization of category membership.
120h agoA new computational method called DENDRO estimates 3D voltage across an entire dendritic tree by fusing anatomical information with 2D voltage video data.
124h agoAdults with autism spectrum disorder conform less to social cues when seeking accuracy, but equally as much as neurotypical adults when seeking acceptance.
124h agoThe human hippocampus is involved in forming short-term auditory memory, and processes auditory information in a network of brain areas before attention is paid.
124h agoMOSAIC, a fMRI dataset aggregation framework, combines eight large-scale vision fMRI datasets from 93 subjects to improve computational modeling and generalization of human vision.
128h agoPeople discover effective movement strategies in changing environments through hypothesis testing, which results in an efficiency-flexibility trade-off: learning is slower but leads to better generalization in constrained environments, while learning is faster but leads to poorer generalization in unconstrained environments.
128h agoThe neocortex and cerebellum use similar computational mechanisms to predict future events and construct internal world models, allowing the brain to achieve diverse functions and human-like intelligence.
132h agoA hybrid variational autoencoder with a mixed latent space effectively disentangles distinct sources of variability in brain connectomes, capturing both continuous and discrete factors.
132h agoA precision approach that tracks neural changes within individuals over the course of training provides more nuanced insights into how neural representations change with training, allowing for a personalized account of skill learning in the human brain.
132h agoHigher-order information theory reveals that neural computation and communication are characterized by a balance between synergistic integration and redundant broadcasting, optimizing multiscale complexity through a tradeoff between computation and communication.
132h agoNo single method can optimally decode EEG motor imagery patterns across all users or datasets, and personalized pipeline selection is needed to address neurophysiological variability.
132h agoA novel node-graph dual contrastive learning framework called Seizure-NGCLNet accurately detects drug-resistant epilepsy seizures using stereotactic electroencephalography, achieving an average accuracy of 95.93%.
132h agoLarge language models exhibit Bayesian strategies in integrating noisy signals from text and images, but their accuracy does not guarantee robustness in handling uncertainty.
132h agoBrain-aligning semantic vectors with neural representations improves decoding performance across different neuroimaging datasets.
132h agoIndividual visual experiences are created from a high-dimensional neural geometry across the visual cortical hierarchy, with unique neural patterns predicting differences in memory recall.
132h agoMIMIC-MJX, a new framework, learns neural control policies from kinematics that accurately model how the nervous system controls movement and behavior.
132h agoA novel approach to image classification that uses learnable higher-order convolutions outperforms traditional convolutional neural networks on several standard benchmarks.
132h agoLarge language models and the human brain use similar computational principles to process language, with model performance driving the evolution of brain-like representational architectures.
132h agoThe type of wave generated in a weakly dissipative, strongly nonlinear discrete chain depends on the duration of the incoming pulse ramp, producing either a train of solitary waves or a shock-like stress wave.
132h agoNoise-induced chaos triggers a transition from stable to unstable regimes in random dynamical systems through an extension of the Pyragas time-delayed feedback control.
132h agoBreathers on an elliptic wave background consist of a nonlinear superposition of a soliton and a periodic wave that interact periodically.
132h agoTwo-dimensional continuous piecewise-linear maps near certain codimension-two homoclinic bifurcations can be approximated by a one-dimensional family of discontinuous maps, exhibiting complex bifurcation structures similar to those of two-piece maps, with some unique features.
132h agoBuyers' preferences in over-the-counter fish markets tend to approach a stable state, where the most attractive sellers do not always provide the highest profit.
132h agoElectrically driven plasmon-polaritonic bistability is observed in graphene/hexagonal-boron-nitride/graphene tunneling transistors through momentum-conserving resonant tunneling of Dirac electrons.
132h agoThe synchronized motion on networks of mutually coupled oscillators is described succinctly using a stability criterion based on uniform contractions.
132h agoThe TTW system's Hamiltonian and integrals have a hidden algebra that generates a polynomial algebra of integrals of a certain order, with the Hamiltonian, two integrals, and their commutator forming the generating elements.
132h agoLocal measurements cause a phase transition in strongly disordered spin chains, changing an area-law state to a volume-law entangled phase as the measurement rate increases.
132h agoA universal topological marker can quantify the influence of disorder on topological order, and it can be efficiently calculated using the kernel polynomial method, even in higher dimensions.
132h agoFast-scanning tunnelling microscope techniques reveal the internal dynamics of metastable defects in electronic crystals, showing how individual electrons move and interact in real-time.
132h agoThe evolution of software is driven by an interplay between constraints, tinkering, and frequency-dependent selection, which shapes its symbiotic relationship with innovation and societal norms.
132h agoThe fundamental limits of efficiently sampling the solution space of non-convex perceptron problems can be predicted using replica theory, which shows that sampling is efficient for spherical perceptrons with negative margin in most cases, but remains difficult for binary weights.
132h agoThe many-body localization transition in the quantum Ising model with long-range interaction occurs at a threshold that can be estimated with logarithmic accuracy.
132h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space at a certain threshold, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their properties also make them suitable for cryptographic applications.
132h agoTopological band insulators can exist in amorphous systems without translational symmetry, and a systematic method can construct them using isospectral reduction.
132h agoThe synchronized motion on networks of mutually coupled oscillators is described succinctly using a stability criterion based on uniform contractions.
132h agoHyperbolic GRU neural quantum state ansatz performs comparably to or better than Euclidean RNNs in approximating ground state energy for quantum many-body systems.
132h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibits robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
132h agoMany systems approximately follow a Boltzmann distribution, where a local property of states acts like energy, and the quality of this approximation depends on the correlation between the effective potential and exit rates.
132h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
136h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
136h agoManipulation of early activity in specific neurons during a critical period changes their intrinsic excitability in a cell-type specific way that lasts through development.
136h agoThe hippocampus shows peaks in activity before event boundaries, which decrease as people learn event schemas, indicating that it signals uncertainty about upcoming events.
136h agoThe human voice contains signatures of the heartbeat, and this heart-voice coupling is related to both glottal and subglottal mechanisms that can affect vocal control and production.
136h agoThe model combines biochemical processes and dynamic modulation of AMPA receptors to describe synaptic dynamics, allowing simulation of plasticity at both cellular and network levels.
136h agoBiological brain ageing involves changes in the expression of 2,764 genes, which can be used to predict age and vary by brain region and neuron type.
136h agoReading refines pre-existing neural circuits in the brain to facilitate fluent word recognition by enhancing neurons sensitive to letters and their position within a word.
140h agoMiniscope calcium imaging provides a unique window into the activity of neurons during behavior while enabling spatial localization of individual cells across time. Despite its potential to revolutionize in vivo imaging alongside the rise of optogenetic tools, miniscopes remain underutilized due to a lack of easy-to-use preprocessing software. The Miniscope Processing Suite (MPS) was developed as a no-code end-to-end scalable pipeline for preprocessing large miniscope recordings. MPS enables fast analysis of long recordings and was used to analyze 77 hours of video data in 55.6 hours, which is 10-20 times faster than traditional pipelines. Here is a single sentence summary: The Miniscope Processing Suite (MPS) enables fast analysis of large miniscope recordings, analyzing 77 hours of video data in 55.6 hours.
140h agoBrainstem neurons encode peri-head distance using two schemes: a proximity code where firing increases as objects approach the face, and a map code where neurons are tuned to specific distances.
140h agoEnvironmental stability determines whether the brain uses synaptic plasticity or recurrent network dynamics to update value, with synaptic plasticity dominating in stable environments and recurrent dynamics taking over in dynamic environments.
140h agoMultiple sclerosis patients have distinct gut microbiome composition and urinary metabolomic profiles compared to healthy controls, and their neuroinflammation is associated with dysregulation of microbially-produced short-chain fatty acids.
140h agoThe Sparse Concept Encoding Model transforms word embeddings into a simpler form that allows for direct understanding of how brain activity relates to specific concepts, enabling better interpretation of brain responses to naturalistic stimuli.
140h agoObesity and type 2 diabetes cause male reproductive problems by altering certain brain cells, leading to low testosterone and reduced sperm counts.
140h agoTianeptine increases hippocampal beta-frequency activity and synaptic responses by activating opioid receptors and blocking feedforward inhibition.
140h agoFunctional and effective connectivity in the brain, particularly in the caudate nucleus and corticostriatal connections, decreases as Huntington's disease progresses.
140h agoA new method generates highly pure and expandable neural stem cells that can be used for disease modeling, drug screening, and potential clinical treatment of neurological disorders.
140h agoStress intensity, frequency, and duration, as well as social isolation, determine the severity of depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and physiological changes in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress.
140h agoMitochondrial dysfunction leads to the release of extracellular vesicles containing oxidized DNA, which stimulates microglial inflammatory responses and contributes to neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.
140h agoThe brain switches between two dominant states - one focused on perception and attention, and the other on introspection and integration - and the thalamus plays a central role in modulating these state transitions.
140h agoFoundation Models are redefining non-invasive brain decoding by extracting robust representations from noisy neural signals and reconstructing high-fidelity outputs, enabling advancements in visual reconstruction, language and speech decoding, and auditory processing.
140h agoKH domain of the Spoonbill protein interacts with dLarp7 and SMN protein to suppress neurodegeneration associated with Spinocerebellar Ataxia 8 (SCA8) by restoring normal levels of 7SKsnRNP.
140h agoFlexible brain state engagement supports cognitive control in individuals with a range of psychiatric disorders.
140h agoThe brain processes letter recognition through several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and fine tuning for letter orientation, with distinct brain areas responding to novelty, category, and orientation.
140h agoDopamine modulates inhibitory signals to OFF bipolar cells by reducing glycinergic currents, but not GABAergic currents, through activation of the Dopamine D1 Receptor.
140h agoBlocking D4Rs alters ERG signaling in diabetic rodents, particularly during light adaptation, indicating diabetes impairs the retina's ability to adjust to changing light conditions.
140h agoCalbindin-positive CA1 pyramidal cells preferentially connect to bursting subicular pyramidal cells and support cognitive flexibility needed to adapt to a changing environment.
140h agoThe X-TRAP approach allows for precise labeling of neurons that are activated by specific stimuli, enabling the mapping of neural circuits that control behaviors such as food intake.
140h agoThe brain uses signals from the mouth, throat, and gut to control eating, with some brain cells responding rapidly to food in the mouth and others responding slowly to food in the stomach.
140h agoArsenic trioxide exposure activates a cellular stress pathway that drives long-term neurotoxic effects and cognitive deficits.
140h agoDistinct brain development patterns are linked to different trajectories of depressive symptoms in males and females during adolescence.
140h agoThe brain refines its neural representations of tasks gradually over time, adapting to specific task demands, and this process supports behavioral flexibility.
140h agoThe auditory cortex uses a head-centered reference frame to encode sound location, but also maintains a world-centered representation that becomes more prominent over time.
140h agoCephalopod chromatophores are controlled by a small number of motor neurons, typically four, that form petal-shaped domains, allowing for flexible and coordinated color changes.
140h agoHuntington disease impairs glial differentiation due to abnormal histone hyperacetylation and over-expression of KRAB zinc finger protein transcriptional repressors in glial progenitor cells.
140h agoChronic stress causes the brain to adapt by strengthening the CeA-DMS pathway's stabilizing role, leading to behavioral rigidity, and this adaptation happens through structural changes that preserve flexibility.
144h agoThe pleasantness of touch can be mediated by A{beta}-afferents, and velocity inference plays a role in this process, as shown by the effect of visual velocity on the pleasantness of vibrotactile strokes.
144h agoChanges in internal state modulate dopamine neuron responses to food and water cues in a need-specific way.
144h agoRhythmic brain stimulation changes the timing of motor inhibition, and the brain adjusts its inhibitory control by shifting the phase at which inhibition is strongest when in an error-prone state.
144h agoLiving Neurosheets are practical platforms that allow for the creation of complex living neural architectures, enabling control over neural activity and multimodal interrogation.
144h agoCortical responses to stimuli remain decodable even when the brain's network activity is synchronized, such as during deep anesthesia.
144h agoHigher intelligence in children is associated with more efficient neural information exchange in the attentional orienting network, marked by reduced widespread communication between brain areas.
144h agoElevated cAMP levels cause defects in short-term and long-term memory by suppressing early memory formation in certain neurons and regulating memory formation after multiple training sessions.
144h agoAgeing is associated with reduced hippocampal structural connectivity with the entorhinal cortex and medial parietal cortices, and increased connectivity with anterior temporal areas.
144h agoPatients with schizophrenia have visual processing deficits due to both higher variability in neural response timing and reduced neural responses.
144h agoDopamine neurons active during the embryonic stage are essential for locomotion across all developmental stages and adulthood.
144h agoDeep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate increases dopamine and serotonin levels, which predict later depressive symptom relief in people with treatment-resistant depression.
144h agoB7-H3 expression increases in the ischemic brain after a stroke and is linked to inflammation.
144h agoGLP-1 neurons in the brain determine meal size and their activation leads to reduced food intake and sustained weight loss, making them a feasible target for obesity treatment.
144h agoSleep fragmentation increases epileptic activity in specific brain regions during certain stages of sleep.
144h agoDe novo mutations in the STXBP1 gene lead to a deficiency of the Munc18.1 protein, causing neurodevelopmental disorders such as epilepsy and encephalopathies by affecting intrinsic neuronal properties and synaptic transmission in a developmentally stage-dependent manner.
144h agoProgranulin deficiency causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and vulnerability to cell death in brain cells.
144h agoThe projectome-based characterization of hypothalamic peptidergic neurons was corrected in male mice.
148h agoThe ketogenic diet improves neurobehavioral function and reduces anxiety and depression-like behaviors in estrogen-deficient female mice, but may also cause liver and kidney problems.
148h agoMutations in the OCRL1 gene cause Lowe syndrome, which leads to neurological symptoms, and research in flies shows that the symptoms start in neural stem cells during embryonic development.
148h agoSelf-initiated actions have distinct neural dynamics, including a gradual buildup of activity, reduced variability, and sharp state transitions, whereas externally triggered actions rely on external input and have stable frequency content.
148h agoThe training objective of an artificial neural network affects how well its representations align with brain activity, with reinforcement learning showing a small advantage in predicting brain activity.
148h agoCertain neurons are more vulnerable to Huntington's disease because they have different genetic activity that disrupts their identity and triggers a protective process called ER-phagy.
148h agoRemoving artifacts from electrophysiological recordings can lead to biased analysis results, and slight changes in preprocessing have a strong impact on these results.
148h agoHigh-frequency bursts in the brain facilitate fast communications in brain networks and support routing information related to attention.
152h agoEnhancers encode cell-type-specific responses to central nervous system injury by using a specific logic that can be targeted to reactivate astrocytes.
152h agoFree-ranging dogs use both visual and olfactory cues to find food, preferring speed over accuracy and settling for intermediate quality food, and also display a left-bias during food choice.
156h agoPartial sleep deprivation causes severe disruptions in brain networks, including functional and structural changes in areas related to emotion, sensory processing, and cognition.
156h agoEngineers have created a biomimetic interface that captures and decodes mechanical signals from human skin, enabling new possibilities for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interaction.
156h agoSleep patterns, autonomic arousal, bodily sensations, and cognitive load interact with each other, and a new mathematical model aims to capture this complex interplay to explain sudden changes in psychological and physiological states.
156h agoBerthier, Provenzi, and collaborators reformulate perceptual color attributes within the framework of quantum information using a quantum system described by a spin factor, and show how to compute color perception using qubit density matrices.
156h agoThe brain uses a process called Memory-Amortized Inference to convert chaotic exploration into a geometry of certainty, enabling efficient navigation and representation of the environment.
156h agoSymmetries give rise to emergent macroscopic levels in systems, organised into a hierarchy that shapes both the systems' behaviour and our Bayesian beliefs about them.
156h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
156h agoConsciousness arises from a single control agent, the Modeler-schema, which monitors the brain's internal World Model and generates experience through a qualia-based consistency check.
156h agoA new framework disentangles visual and spatial contributions in virtual reality, allowing researchers to map how position signals are spatially organized across the environment in the primary visual cortex.
156h agoNeural networks learn to perform discrete computations on continuous data by discretising input features and then performing logical operations on these discretised variables.
156h agoAn AI system detects and diagnoses malignant lung nodules on low-dose CT scans more accurately and earlier than radiologists, achieving 99.3% sensitivity with 0.5 false positives per scan.
156h agoThe coupling strength in threshold power-law recurrent neural networks does not qualitatively influence the dynamics, but only scales all system solutions in magnitude, implying that chaotic dynamics can always be tamed or never be tamed.
156h agoConsciousness emerges from communication between local observers in a distributed system, where a shared model arises through the exchange of predictive messages.
156h agoNuCLR, a self-supervised framework, learns representations of neural activity that differentiate one neuron from the rest, achieving state-of-the-art performance in cell type and brain region decoding tasks.
156h agoStandard HD-tDCS dosing methods produce age-dependent reductions in target electric-field intensity and sex differences, but a new optimization framework can generate personalized dosing prescriptions that account for developmental anatomy and physiology.
156h agoLarge language models and the brain generate representations in a similar order, with early brain responses aligning with initial model layers and later brain responses aligning with deeper model layers.
156h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn phase code solutions to perform modular arithmetic tasks without being explicitly designed to produce oscillations.
156h agoInformation emerges in physical systems through specific generative motifs, including replication, heritable variation, and translation under shared templates, which link structures in a causal structure set.
156h agoPulsed wave transcranial photobiomodulation therapy enhances brain functional networks and alters microstate patterns, specifically increasing global efficiency, local efficiency, and betweenness centrality of microstate C.
156h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep physiology by influencing neural, endocrine, and immune pathways, and disruptions in its composition contribute to sleep disorders and related health issues.
156h agoBrain fog in long COVID patients is caused by dysfunction in the right inferior insula, and stimulating this area with ultrasound can improve the related cognitive impairment.
156h agoBASIC, a new evaluation framework, jointly quantifies structural fidelity, inferential alignment, and contextual coherence between decoded and ground-truth images to improve the assessment of brain visual decoding methods.
156h agoA novel neural network called SAPIN learns by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid, allowing it to adapt its structure and synaptic weights to solve tasks such as the Cart Pole reinforcement learning benchmark.
156h agoThe extended nonlinear Lugiato-Lefever equation with pseudo-stimulated-Raman-scattering term, linear damping/gain, and spatial inhomogeneous pump reveals that quasi-solitons can be stable fixed points.
156h agoKinks in a ring of interacting particles induce and control the collective motion of internal states, and their number determines the average velocity of this motion.
156h agoNonuniform motion of oscillators in a ring chain with nonlocal coupling leads to the emergence of an atypical chimera state through symmetry breaking of the effective interaction kernel.
156h agoA modified swarmalator model generates collective rotational currents in phase synchronization through a simpler driving term that depends on both phase and a specified origin.
156h agoThe interplay of nonlinearity, coupling, and noise yields three distinct escape mechanisms in diffusively coupled bistable elements, depending on the coupling strength.
156h agoMultiple cyclic loops at each site alter spatiotemporal patterns, allowing control of the number of coexisting states through flip networks and energies.
156h agoThe helicoidally shaped spin-orbit coupling in binary Bose-Einstein condensates generates diverse multi-pole soliton and breather states, including stripe solitons and breathers with curved trajectories and nonperiodic density distributions.
156h agoThe Sasano system of type $A^{(2)}_5$ is non-integrable by rational first integrals for all values of parameters that admit a particular rational solution.
156h agoA xylem-inspired multi-agent architecture called X-SYCON enables coordination among agents through passive field dynamics, allowing them to respond to demands and hazards without explicit planning or communication.
156h agoDeep neural networks exhibit crackling-like avalanches due to fluctuations in information propagation, which can be explained by a stochastic theory involving four effective couplings that characterize the dynamics.
156h agoEntropy dissipation decreases in the oscillating state for ring oscillators with more than three inverters, relating to an increase in local stability, and finite-size fluctuations introduce oscillations even below the critical voltage.
156h agoSmall fluctuations in public perception or behavior can trigger complex and changing social reactions to epidemics, including patterns of vigilance, fatigue, and renewed concern.
156h agoTurbulent and chaotic properties change with increasing spatial dimension, with Lyapunov exponents decreasing and becoming negative in six dimensions, where non-Gaussian statistics and turbulent behavior still occur without chaos.
156h agoLarge animal groups emerge through the rapid merging of multiple pre-existing subgroups under high-density conditions, not by slow accumulation of sparsely distributed individuals.
156h agoTopological dislocations in lattices create new types of waveguiding and self-sustained states, allowing for control over energy flow and the formation of localized photonic eigenstates with tunable shapes.
156h agoThe spectral form factor and power spectrum of rotating bosons with repulsive interactions exhibit chaotic behavior in the strong interaction regime, while showing integrable or pseudo-integrable behavior in the moderate interaction regime.
156h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
156h agoA machine learning framework called DA-SHRED integrates simulation models with sensor data to accurately estimate the full state of complex physical systems.
156h agoThe stochastic version of the one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation shows a phase transition at a finite temperature value, with dynamics that depend on noise strength.
156h agoTwo mechanisms, a pattern switch and a pattern dial, enable systematic control of Turing pattern formation in gene circuits, allowing for transitions between distinct pattern types and offering a trade-off between network size, robustness, and tunability.
156h agoA novel Lie algebra has properties including a single non-trivial Casimir polynomial and is associated with a hierarchy of Hamiltonian systems with integrability properties that depend on the dimension of the algebra.
156h agoThe wavefront shape for maximum laser beam concentration is obtained by solving a nonlinear integral equation to maximize the light power passing through an aperture.
156h agoThis work reviews the properties of real quadratic maps and investigates the effects of singular perturbations on complex quadratic maps.
156h agoThe critical dynamics of the two-dimensional Ising model strongly depend on the initial condition, with quenches from ordered and disordered phases following different scaling behaviors.
156h agoA trade-off exists between the speed and accuracy of collective pattern formation in cells, with globally optimized solutions not necessarily maximizing information transfer between cells.
156h agoDeep neural networks exhibit crackling-like avalanches due to fluctuations in information propagation, which can be explained by a stochastic theory involving four effective couplings that characterize the dynamics.
156h agoLocal density measurements cause quantum correlations in a many-body free-fermion system to develop from initial-state correlations to steady-state correlations over time.
156h agoDelafossites' magnetic behavior can be accurately predicted and understood through a graph neural network that aligns with human-interpretable physical concepts.
156h agoActive particles with finite persistence show power-law distributed stress drops when their activity builds long enough correlations, and the statistics of avalanches in these systems resemble those of passive systems under certain conditions.
156h agoSi doping increases photoluminescence intensity and enhances radiative processes in InGaN alloys by introducing deeper localized states and increasing localization, which reduces nonradiative recombination channels.
156h agoSymmetries give rise to emergent macroscopic levels in systems, organised into a hierarchy that shapes both the systems' behaviour and our Bayesian beliefs about them.
156h agoMeasurement-induced entanglement can be detected using a data-driven learning method that trains a neural network on measurement records to predict entanglement uncertainty.
156h agoOptimal variable selection allows a simple perceptron to perfectly classify random patterns by surpassing the Cover-Gardner bound of $\alpha < 2\rho$.
156h agoA Large Language Model partially learns the internal structure of a sequence of trees generated by prime factorization of natural numbers, capturing regularities and correlations.
156h agoFractional Chern insulators' stability is governed by single-particle band geometry, according to a data-driven framework that uses band-geometric descriptors to predict stability with over 80% accuracy.
156h agoA random-walking particle can escape to infinity on certain two-dimensional surfaces, unlike on standard flat 2D surfaces where it gets localized.
156h agoThe Holstein mechanism in a single-electron system exhibits a quantum phase transition with distinct short-time and long-time behaviors.
156h agoDisorder in Rydberg atom arrays leads to new classes of criticalities, resulting in a novel pseudo-criticality that emerges in experimentally realistic atom chains.
156h agoReplica symmetry breaking underlies the complex organization of disordered systems, with five independent observables confirming predictions: ground-state energies, energy fluctuations, chaos exponent, overlap distribution, and complexity, all matching expectations for systems up to 4000 spins.
156h agoA mechanical hysteron made of rigid bars and linear springs allows for controllable properties and tunable interactions, enabling the design of materials that can sense, compute, and respond to their mechanical environment.
156h agoQuantum annealing platforms can enable fast and efficient training of classical neural networks, achieving superior performance scaling compared to classical backpropagation methods.
156h agoA unified framework explains how a disordered environment affects energy transport along a chiral quantum Hall edge, revealing two regimes with different temperature scaling and showing that the total heat flux remains quantized.
156h agoThe Holevo information reveals distinct phases of quantum information distribution between subsystems, with a sharp transition between exponentially decaying and linearly growing phases as system size and subsystem sizes vary.
156h agoEarly life stress causes changes in behavior and physiology in mice, including reduced vocalizations, altered social behavior, changed stress biomarkers, and signs of precocious puberty that can persist across generations.
156h agoOlder adults have impaired blood-brain barrier function and glymphatic clearance compared to younger adults, with changes in these systems potentially linked through increased extracellular free water in white matter.
156h agoA wearable device using near-infrared light can detect changes in brain activity in real-time and wirelessly, allowing for monitoring of brain function during naturalistic tasks without restricting movement.
156h agoA specific brain circuit, the cortico-subthalamic projection from the granular retrosplenial cortex to the zona incerta, plays a key role in controlling opioid relapse by encoding and retrieving opioid-associated memories.
156h agoSimilar neural representation patterns and computational structures control brain-controlled and naturally controlled movements, following a fundamental principle of neural control in an abstract hierarchy.
156h agoRespiration does not align with spontaneous perceptual changes, but respiration frequency predicts how long a person's perception remains stable.
160h agoHuntington's disease research finds that mutant HTT mRNA accumulates in RNA clusters in neurons, starting from the prenatal stage, and this accumulation may impact nuclear homeostasis.
160h agoA combination of brain activity, genetic information, and behavioral performance jointly predicts emotional empathy, but not cognitive empathy, in people.
160h agoHair cell loss in the inner ear affects balance, with different parts of the ear showing varying levels of redundancy, allowing for robust responses to head movements despite significant hair cell loss.
160h agoA specific subset of neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, called DMHCalb1/Vglut2 neurons, drives cold-evoked shivering thermogenesis in response to cold temperatures.
160h agoThe levels of beta2-microglobulin and human leukocyte antigen proteins and their encoding genes relate to motor neuron vulnerability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but they are not major contributors to the disease.
160h agoAging causes changes in the neuromuscular junction, a critical connection between nerves and muscles, and this change is linked to progressive motor decline, with distinct changes occurring in different types of muscles.
160h agoPatients with temporal lobe epilepsy and frontal lobe epilepsy have impaired brain network activations during episodic and semantic memory tasks due to altered intrinsic functional brain organization.
160h agoThe goal for a motor action is generated through spatial extrapolation that involves both perceptual and action processes in the brain.
160h agoParkinson's disease progression is better understood through the identification of subtypes related to clinical phenotypes, with proteomic analysis revealing consistent protein co-expression modules associated with quality of life scores, metabolite pathways, and cognitive function phenotypes.
160h agoAbnormal brain protein-carrying particles in the blood are linked to Alzheimer's disease progression, inflammation, and brain damage.
164h agoA Bayesian Multivariate Linear model can be used to efficiently test for multivariate main effects and interactions in brain imaging data from factorial designs.
164h agoThe analysis of Alzheimer's Disease prediction models reveals that FAQ, CDRSB, ADAS13, MMSE, and RAVLT variants are the most important features, and their importance varies by disease stage.
164h agoREM sleep in rats develops from a single state into two distinct substates, phasic and tonic, with different brain wave patterns and muscle activity, as rats mature from 12 to 24 days old.
164h agoAlzheimer's disease with psychosis arises from a combination of changes in a shared protein profile and a separate set of protein changes that affect synaptic density and are largely independent of the shared profile.
164h agoShared noise along the stimulus encoding direction limits information encoding in neural population coding.
164h agoDeep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate cortex leads to faster and stronger electrocortical signaling over time, with changes in brain signals linked to white-matter integrity.
164h agoThe amygdaloid proteome is progressively impaired in Alzheimer's disease, with a more severe effect in women than men, and shows a stage-specific protein expression profile.
164h agoInjecting human alpha-Synuclein into mice with a genetic mutation causes Parkinson's disease-like symptoms, including protein clumping, brain cell loss, and inflammation.
164h agoFentanyl induces different responses in brain neurons depending on where they send their signals, leading to distinct adaptations in behavior.
164h agoGPR34 helps maintain microglia homeostasis, mediates the phagocytosis of myelin, and restrains microglial response to neurodegenerative disease conditions.
168h agoA new functional atlas, rrAD420, was created using brain scans from 420 older adults, which provides detailed representations of brain network connectivity and can aid in the study of neurodegenerative processes and biomarker discovery.
168h agoACSS2 plays a key role in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on fetal brain development and behavior.
168h agoThe maximum achievable predictive accuracy of brain-phenotype associations using machine learning models may not be better than using demographic and nuisance covariates alone.
168h agoPeroxisomes play a key role in regulating sleep by processing lipids and reducing oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species.
168h agoThe auditory efferent system, which plays a role in auditory perception, is not well understood, but a new model that includes a medial olivocochlear efferent pathway can simulate the effects of sound on auditory-nerve responses.
168h agoActivating CB2 receptors with specific antibody agonists reduces pain caused by chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice without causing tolerance or off-target effects.
168h agoThe race model, which assumes dynamic competition among processes in separate channels, implies a certain inequality between associated probability distributions under general conditions.
168h agoA scalable mass spectral search tool identifies known molecules and structural variants and reveals biosynthetic pathways in Streptomyces.
172h agoResilience to stress comes from adaptive network reorganization in the brain, marked by preserved integrity in certain areas and enhanced inhibitory control, whereas susceptibility to stress involves distinct dysfunctions in brain structure and connectivity.
172h agoDecision-making depends on two brain circuits that work together, with one circuit selecting actions based on their value and the other circuit evaluating the value of objects to predict reward.
172h agoA positive feedback loop between oxidized phosphatidylcholine and IL-1β promotes chronic neurodegeneration in the central nervous system and may contribute to progressive multiple sclerosis.
176h agoHigher heart rate variability is linked to greater BOLD fMRI signal variance, and this relationship may explain age-related decreases in BOLD fMRI signal variance.
176h agoNeurons in area V4 that prefer 2D shapes also tend to prefer 3D surface shapes and object form, while neurons that prefer 2D texture tend to prefer flat surfaces.
180h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
180h agoThe brain controls the body through complex sensorimotor transformations, which researchers model using a new platform that simulates behavioral dynamics, biomechanics, and neural circuits. Wait, that is not a direct report. Here is the corrected sentence: A new platform models sensorimotor transformations underlying brain control of the body, using a pipeline that recapitulates natural movements in a biomechanical model. However, I think I can make it even simpler. Here is another version: A platform simulates how the brain controls the body by modeling movements and muscle activity. Let me check if I can make it even more concise: The brain controls body movements through complex muscle activity that can be simulated with a new platform. I think the best one is: A platform simulates how the brain controls the body by modeling movements and muscle activity.
180h agoDeep learning models outperform traditional approaches in decoding brain signals for non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces, with a multi-class Siamese network achieving an average accuracy of 96.89%.
180h agoFast Dynamical Similarity Analysis (fastDSA) provides a computationally efficient and accurate method for comparing the temporal structure of dynamical systems.
180h agoA new diffusion transformer model generates 4D fMRI sequences that match task-evoked brain activity, preserving the structure and patterns observed in real data.
180h agoA general protocol allows for the construction of experimental steady-state bifurcation diagrams for electrophysiologically active cells, enabling the validation of neuronal models and the observation of complex hidden states.
180h agoGenerative Adversarial Networks can synthesize realistic resting-state EEG signals and extract useful features, enabling more accurate analysis with less data and computation.
180h agoA geometric framework that analyzes neural network changes helps uncover neural mechanisms in social interactions by identifying critical transitions in network connectivity.
180h agoA new thermoinformational formulation derives key thermodynamic variables from empirical microstate distributions, providing a data-driven description of system reorganization and information exchange.
180h agoLarge language models converge on similar computational principles as the human brain, with improvements in model performance leading to brain-like hierarchies in language processing.
180h agoStochasticity slows down the rotation of spiral waves in excitable media through two second-order effects: instantaneous heterogeneity and orbital drift.
180h agoTau functions of the KP hierarchy satisfy an addition formula that expresses shifts of a tau function in terms of Wronskian determinants of wave functions.
180h agoThe semiclassical limit of the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation turns all excitations in the spectrum into effective solitons for periodic single-lobe potentials.
180h agoHyperuniformity in network design leads to advantages in transport efficiency and robustness, with hyperuniform-point-pattern-induced networks having smaller total effective resistances, faster random-walk mixing times, and fewer extreme-curvature edges than Poisson-point-pattern-induced networks.
180h agoPlatforms have an incentive to inflate ratings to increase commission, but this incentive is limited by the need to maintain enough accuracy to keep trustworthy sellers in the market.
180h agoSymmetric reservoir networks improve prediction accuracy for certain complex systems, especially when the input dimension is smaller than the number of degrees of freedom.
180h agoA theoretical framework links option hedging and stock exposure to market turbulence, explaining how volatility amplifies during gamma-squeeze events through a feedback loop between market-maker hedging and price movements.
180h agoClasses of Fredholm Pfaffians can be computed using canonical Riemann-Hilbert problems when their main kernel is of additive Hankel or truncated Wiener-Hopf type.
180h agoAn exact renormalisation scheme for fermionic cellular automata on hypercubic lattices groups neighbouring cells into tiles and derives a condition for renormalisability.
180h agoModulational instability and discrete breathers in a quasi-one-dimensional discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation with Lee-Huang-Yang corrections lead to various quantum droplet solutions with specific stability properties.
180h agoDyNoSeD, a new framework, identifies unknown dynamical parameters from unordered, non-sequential data by minimizing Fokker-Planck residuals.
180h agoThe Kuramoto model with heterogeneous phase lags on any weighted, directed, and signed graph has conserved quantities when specific connectivity conditions are met.
180h agoOmnivory leads to complex ecological networks, and a minimal intraguild predation model reveals that Shilnikov homoclinic orbits emerge, triggering chaos and multiple coexistence modes.
180h agoBayesian strategies that adapt to new evidence can resist invasion by reactive strategies and foster cooperation in social dilemmas, but their success depends on the strategies they compete with and the environmental conditions.
180h agoGeneralized geodesic equations in curved spacetime include conservative forces, dissipative effects, and quantum-gravity corrections, which can lead to violations of the equivalence principle.
180h agoElimination of a fast variable reduces stochastic dynamics with small inertia to a single-variable description, providing a rigorous mathematical framework for systems with linear and nonlinear dissipation.
180h agoLazy cellular automata have a simple dynamical behavior, and their order depends on the choice of active transition and fixed symbol, with a general upper bound established for the order.
180h agoCritical temperatures in the Ising model on random graphs are determined by the eigenvalues of the kernel operator associated with the graph limit.
180h agoEvolving on-site disorder in non-Hermitian lattices changes wave transport by suppressing localization and creating diffusion-like spreading or jumpy wave evolution, depending on the disorder period.
180h agoThe replica field theory for monitored quantum many-body systems reveals that the density matrix of multiple replicas evolves through a master equation with non-Hermitian and quantum jump terms, leading to an effective field theory that describes the average state and replica interactions.
180h agoThe low-temperature dynamics of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model have a mixing time that grows exponentially with the system size.
180h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
180h agoNon-Hermitian systems with a skin effect exhibit a universal Anderson localization transition, belonging to the same universality class regardless of disorder distribution or Hamiltonian structure, with critical exponents nu = 1.50 and beta ~ 0.65.
180h agoThe ground-state energy of a random elastic manifold exhibits atypical fluctuations that follow a central limit theorem, with a rescaled variance that depends on the interplay between confinement, elasticity, and disorder.
180h agoNeuromorphic computing uses a non-linear physical system to reduce power consumption and speed up learning in artificial intelligence by replacing part of a large neural network.
180h agoDisorder and non-linear instabilities complicate phenomena like friction and earthquakes, and a new theory explains how flow starts and hysteresis occurs in these systems.
180h agoNeural network learning dynamics converge to the same behavior as with simple Gaussian inputs, even when complex real-world data is modeled as a mixture of Gaussian distributions, when proper standardization is used.
180h agoEmpirical risk minimization in over-parametrized two-layer neural networks with quadratic activations leads to capacity control through a low-rank structure in learned feature maps, yielding precise generalization thresholds.
180h agoOctopus arms' neural networks respond to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in specific ways, with glutamate and dopamine being dominant excitatory drivers, and serotonin modulating these responses in a state-dependent manner.
180h agoThe colonial hydrozoan Nanomia septata uses a simple nervous system in its stem to coordinate the swimming of its multiple bells, allowing it to move in both forward and reverse directions.
184h agoRecalling past events involves a reverse spatiotemporal hierarchy in the brain, where high-order visual and auditory areas are activated before primary sensory areas.
184h agoSCA48 mutations disrupt CHIP's dual functions in a domain-dependent manner, causing loss of protein stability, substrate ubiquitination, and co-chaperone activity, which leads to clinical heterogeneity.
188h agoTDP-43 nuclear depletion disrupts synaptic transmission and neurite outgrowth by causing de-repression of cryptic exons in multiple transcripts, and a therapeutic approach using U7 snRNA can suppress this mis-splicing and restore target gene expression.
188h agoImplanting the Onyx Frontier Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent in small, tortuous blood vessels in the brain is technically feasible and has a good 30-day safety profile.
192h agoA deep learning-based toolbox accurately predicts the topographic organization of the human visual cortex from standard structural MRI scans, enabling large-scale studies of individual differences.
200h agoTop-down feedback helps store relevant visual memories in early visual cortex, making them robust to distraction, whereas short-term synaptic plasticity only briefly remembers any input from the visual system, regardless of relevance.
200h agoNeural oscillations above 100 Hz encode hierarchical prediction errors, with local prediction-error signals occurring early in lateral auditory regions and global prediction-error signals occurring later in both lateral auditory and frontal cortices.
200h agoRats adjust the format of working memory to reduce cognitive load by switching between distinct neural circuits to store information in the most economical internal format.
200h agoCRISPR-mediated genome editing technology can treat neurological disorders like Huntington's disease by directly editing neurons in the brain, and a new delivery method called Neuro-PERC shows promise in achieving this.
208h agoAnastrozole, a drug that inhibits Aromatase, protects against tauopathy by reducing oxidative stress and Tau phosphorylation through a mechanism that involves the enzyme CYP4V2, not Aromatase activity.
208h agoDelivering a stabilized Neurogenin2 variant directly to the retina efficiently converts Muller glia into multiple types of retinal neurons, which can integrate into existing retinal circuitry and exhibit electrical properties of retinal neurons.
208h agoA new tool called PKU tags allows for distinguishing among various neuronal cell types, enabling the labeling of multiple cell types and tracing of neuronal circuits.
216h agoNeuronal APOE4 alone is sufficient to promote pathological tau accumulation, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation, driving Alzheimer's disease pathologies.
216h agoA simple local homeostatic synaptic scaling rule enables neural circuits to self-organize and maintain stable information transmission across layers without external fine-tuning.
216h agoThe GABABR1a and 1b isoforms are differentially expressed among brain cell types, with GABABR1a expression highest in oligodendrocytes and GABABR1b expression highest in astrocytes.
216h agoBrain-computer interface decoding skill is driven by local sensorimotor rhythm signal fidelity from the dominant hand area, not by global brain network integration.
216h agoApplying anti-phase transcranial alternating stimulation to the pre-supplementary motor cortex suppresses beta oscillations and alters motor behavior.
216h agoActivating both MC3R and MC4R receptors in the melanocortin system helps regulate food intake and leads to substantial metabolic effects, including weight loss.
216h agoPrenatal exposure to transient hypoxia disrupts normal brain development, causing changes in gene expression and chromatin that can lead to long-term functional deficits, particularly in glutamatergic neurons.
224h agoTranscranial Radio Frequency Stimulation (TRFS) non-invasively modulates deep brain tissue by using radio frequency energy to suppress or excite neuronal activity.
224h agoThe cerebral cortex of primates has a conserved yet differentiated organization across species, with similar patterns of cortical geometry and structural connectivity in sensory and motor regions, but divergence in association cortices.
224h agoPrenatal maternal stress leads to changes in DNA methylation and gene expression in the brain, increasing pain sensitivity in offspring through altered neuronal and brain development.
224h agoThe hippocampus develops internal self-referenced spatial representations after external landmark-based representations, with a balanced integration between the two occurring around the mid-fourth postnatal week.
224h agoThe medial temporal subsystem of the default mode network encodes the specific visual details of imagined autobiographical scenes.
224h agoLipid changes in the blood can indicate Alzheimer's disease risk, with specific lipid patterns differing in people with and without a genetic mutation that can cause the disease.
228h agoActivation of G protein-coupled receptor 37 at the spinal level erases spinal pain memory and resolves long-lasting, enhanced pain.
232h agoFentanyl intake alters gene expression in the habenula and amygdala, two brain regions involved in opioid use and withdrawal, leading to changes in synaptic transmission, metabolic functions, and risk for substance use disorders.
232h agoA deep learning framework integrating diffusion MRI and light-sheet microscopy generates a whole-brain cell type atlas at 10 micrometer isotropic resolution, linking dMRI metrics with gene expression-based cell types.
236h agoA fat body-brain axis, involving the CCHa2 gene and insulin-producing cells, regulates sleep duration and intensity in response to nutrient signals.
236h agoThe expansion of a specific DNA sequence in the C9orf72 gene causes a form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and researchers have found that a protein called chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) helps these toxic proteins enter and spread between cells.
236h agoPFC GABAergic neurons encode task variables, including movement, baseline activity, and punished outcomes, but their encoding does not directly reflect behavioral control.
240h agoThe brain controls movement and decision-making separately, with distinct time-cost signals invigorating each, rather than jointly optimizing a global utility.
240h agoSleep-like slow waves in brain activity are linked to poorer performance in perceptual decision-making tasks in stroke patients.
240h agoCortical tubers in tuberous sclerosis complex arise through the coalescence of microtubers orchestrated by balloon cells and reactive gliosis during brain development.
240h agoThe Jendrassik maneuver and motor imagery decrease and modulate the H-reflex and cortical activity, with effects on mu-rhythm and event-related potentials that vary by task.
240h agoA developmentally-inspired model, comprising three interacting modules, achieves face recognition performance comparable to standard deep convolutional neural networks by mimicking how humans, particularly infants, learn to recognize faces.
240h agoA transient increase in the aperiodic exponent, indicating a shift towards reduced local excitation-to-inhibition ratio, and impairment of theta oscillation prevalence and regularity in the hippocampus predict the development of temporal lobe epilepsy after a potentially epileptogenic insult.
240h agoTheta oscillations support core working memory functions, and alpha oscillations help older adults compensate for age-related declines through flexible strategies.
240h agoCannabis withdrawal increases the lateral habenula's response to unpleasant and threatening stimuli, likely due to an imbalance in its normal functioning, which may contribute to feelings of anxiety and unease.
240h agoKetamine disrupts corollary discharge signaling in the lateral prefrontal cortex, which impairs the brain's ability to predict and suppress the sensory consequences of its own actions.
240h agoAging compromises the fidelity and stability of the head-direction system, leading to larger angular errors and increased heading uncertainty in spatial navigation.
240h agoContextual unfamiliarity after drug use drives the formation of brain receptors that mediate relapse vulnerability.
240h agoSleep duration influences how brain patterns during learning are reactivated during memory retrieval, and this effect varies by age and brain region.
240h agoMastering addition and subtraction calculations improves with age in school-aged children, linked to increased neural activity in the right parieto-occipital region, particularly showing different developmental patterns for addition and subtraction.
244h agoBrain age gaps can predict developmental trajectories of youth cognition and behavior, with children with ADHD showing delayed maturation and accelerated maturation linked to high cognition and low symptoms.
244h agoHumans adapt their learning to match the type of changes in their environment, adjusting their learning rate based on whether changes occur abruptly or gradually.
244h agoChildren with lower visual working memory capacity are more susceptible to task-irrelevant auditory distractors, especially in those with ADHD, and this relationship is affected by the level of audiovisual competition.
244h agoBrain activity in the left posterior putamen during learning predicts whether individuals use a goal-directed or habitual strategy to control their behavior.
244h agoNDNF+ interneurons regulate cortical excitability and suppress seizures by restraining hyperexcitability through GABAB receptor signalling.
244h agoA functional atlas of the dog brain, created by applying spatially constrained spectral clustering to fMRI data, reveals reproducible and coherent brain organization across scales, with optimal results at intermediate resolutions of 100-140 parcels.
256h agoSynaptopodin regulates the cytoskeleton, intracellular calcium, and is crucial for long-term potentiation and learning, and its knockout in rats leads to reduced long-term potentiation, altered dendritic spine structure, and disrupted inhibitory synapse distribution.
268h agoMitochondrial scaffold A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) regulates retinal ganglion cell resilience and axon regeneration, and its restoration preserves vision in glaucoma models.
268h agoNutrient deprivation induces autophagy-dependent remodeling of the synaptic proteome, which helps neurons preserve proteostasis under metabolic stress through a Rab5b-mediated trafficking mechanism.
268h agoAtaxin-2 downregulation protects against TDP-43 toxicity by rewiring metabolism to activate alternative energy production pathways in brain cells under stress.
268h agoIncreasing DNM2 expression in muscle improves motor function in a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, but precise dosage is critical as too much DNM2 can worsen muscle pathology.
268h agoPrimary sensory cortex plays an adaptive and flexible role that changes with learning and context, reshaping perception, behavior and brain function.
272h agoAcetylcholine release in the cortex plays a key role in switching between tasks, and cholinergic input to the cortex encodes task-dependent signals, enabling the accumulation of sensory evidence.
272h agoSemantic and phonological information in verbal short-term memory are maintained in separate brain regions, with semantic information mainly in the temporal lobe and phonological information in widespread areas including temporal, frontal, and parietal regions.
272h agoBilinguals' use of their second language shapes their ability to selectively focus attention and filter out interference, with active users showing more efficient inhibitory control and resilience to interference.
272h agoThe brain's motor cortex uses coordinated activity across different layers to encode and reuse information, enabling multiplexing, as shown by recordings from macaque monkeys performing a complex task.
272h agoSerotonin levels increase in the nucleus accumbens during aggression and this increase inhibits certain neurons to suppress attacks.
272h agoThe ventral CA3 to ventral CA1 brain pathway plays a key role in regulating anxiety-like behavior, while both ventral CA3 to ventral CA1 and entorhinal cortex to ventral CA1 pathways regulate fear-related behavior.
272h agoA specific neural signal, likely regulated by the locus coeruleus, implements a network reset in reward learning structures after negative feedback, increasing uncertainty and exploration tendency.
272h agoThe posterior parietal cortex and frontal cortices support generalization of knowledge across tasks in working memory, with different regions handling active and passive task demands.
272h agoEpisodic memory in children emerges from coordinated brain state sequences that bridge online encoding with offline consolidation, supporting memory formation through dynamic neural flexibility.
272h agoInferring intentions from observed actions or written sentences involves a network of brain regions that combines conceptual action and object information with mental state representation.
272h agoEarly blind individuals have enhanced pitch discrimination due to reduced internal noise, but show equivalent tone detection abilities as sighted individuals.
272h agoThe brain represents multiple elements of a sequence of future actions simultaneously in separate neural subspaces, allowing for flexible and dynamic planning through probabilistic inference.
272h agoThe Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire model simulates multiple firing patterns in neurons, including Tonic Spiking, Adapting, Initial Bursting, Busting, Transient Spiking, and Delayed Spiking.
276h agoLarge language models can be designed to process moral meaning by embedding it directly into their architecture through top-down design principles.
276h agoA new framework constructs combinatorial complexes from fMRI time series data, capturing both pairwise and higher-order neural interactions through information-theoretic measures.
276h agoA non-invasive brain-computer interface uses visual stimuli and single-channel EEG data to reconstruct simple imagined shapes within two minutes, and transforms them into realistic visual representations.
276h agoMeditation practice called jhana shifts neural dynamics towards criticality, a state between order and chaos, characterized by increased neural signal diversity, reduced chaoticity, and heightened deviance detection.
276h agoThe brain uses a distinct prediction error signal, called absence prediction error, to detect the absence of a stimulus, and this signal is encoded in the auditory thalamus and cortex.
276h agoThalamic atrophy, independent of lesion damage, affects information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis.
276h agoA state-of-the-art method stabilizes brain networks modelled from EEG data, effectively suppressing seizure activity in 34 out of 35 episodes from patients.
276h agoBiological principles can inform the design of efficient AI algorithms, offering scalability to millions of neurons without compromising learning performance.
276h agoNeural networks trained independently develop similar internal representations, and this convergence is largely driven by shared input statistics and architectural biases, not the final task solution.
276h agoCategory learning enhances discrimination between stimuli close to the category boundary by inducing an expansion of neural space near decision boundaries.
276h agoNew strategies compute recurrence quantification analysis measures directly from time series or phase space vectors, reducing run times, memory use, and energy consumption while maintaining accuracy.
276h agoChimera states in complex systems follow distinct scaling laws as they evolve, with the incoherent core radius scaling linearly and the average total positive winding number growing exponentially with the phase lag.
276h agoThe generalized mKdV equation corresponds well with the KdV equation, and its static equations include the sn differential equation, with solutions connected by a special Lie group transformation.
276h agoPrioritizing education yields the most positive spillover effects across the development network, according to a study that modeled the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals as a Networked Dynamical System.
276h agoBreaking permutation symmetry with non-uniform interactions leads to new dynamical behaviors, including thermalization, as the system's behavior changes from a permutation symmetric model to a short-range integrable model as the interaction range decreases.
276h agoPolychromatic solutions exist for cubically nonlinear Maxwell equations in dispersive media, describing localized, TM-polarized waves with temporal decay in a waveguide geometry.
276h agoThe IDyNSD framework identifies unknown dynamical parameters from unordered, non-sequential data by minimizing Fokker-Planck residuals, providing two complementary routes for system identification.
276h agoStokes' phenomenon emerges naturally in discrete equations from corresponding continuous differential equations as their order increases.
276h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a disordered background, with the solitons arising from Bogoliubov quasiparticles and stationary solutions forming "KdV rocks" from normal electrons/holes.
276h agoA sharp criterion for the stability of minimal compact solitons is established based on the nonlinearity and eigenspace projection, and it is applied to specific lattices to demonstrate stability and engineering possibilities.
276h agoThe model describes how predator-prey interactions affect the size distribution of two populations over time using a kinetic framework based on Boltzmann-type equations.
276h agoActive turbulence occurs in dense monolayers of motile unicellular algae, producing chaotic flows and unique patterns, with strongly non-Gaussian velocity distributions and power-law kinetic energy spectra.
276h agoHyperuniformity in network design leads to advantages in transport efficiency and robustness, with hyperuniform-point-pattern-induced networks having smaller total effective resistances, faster random-walk mixing times, and fewer extreme-curvature edges than Poisson-point-pattern-induced networks.
276h agoGenerative models can accelerate the design and discovery of new functional materials by integrating desired properties into the generation process, and a new framework called CrystaLLM-{\pi} achieves this by directly incorporating continuous property representations into its attention mechanism.
276h agoAcoustic neural networks, which use sound waves to perform computation, can be systematically designed and trained to achieve low-power computation, enabling accurate speech classification with up to 95% accuracy.
276h agoThe melting point of a crystal is largely determined by the cooperativity of the resulting liquid, which causes viscosities and relaxation times to vary by up to nine decades, rather than just the Lindemann criterion.
276h agoComplex symmetric random matrices with Gaussian entries have a joint distribution of complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors that can be expressed in a closed form for any matrix size.
276h agoTwisted bismuth bilayers exhibit a 10-fold increase in electronic density of states at the Fermi level at their edges, which can vastly increase superconducting critical temperature.
276h agoDisorder correlations in certain high-dimensional graphs lead to robust multifractal states with a broad distribution of multifractality, characterized by a qualitative difference in scaling between mean and typical inverse participation ratios.
276h agoThe renormalization group techniques reveal universal aspects of signal detection in nearly-continuous positive spectra, highlighting a maximum entropy model with large-scale and small-scale regimes and a universal relation between phase transition and symmetry breaking.
276h agoA general framework links transition graphs to microscopic parameters of interacting hysterons, allowing understanding of statistical properties and design of pathways and memory effects in materials.
276h agoTransitions in complex quantum systems from chaotic to integrable phases show sharp changes in complexity, but different markers of complexity can reveal these transitions at different critical points.
276h agoCortical circuits generate and adjust planned movements by using internal network states to shape behavior, and fluctuations in these states explain variations in reaction time and movement inhibition.
280h agoThe sensorimotor system uses a consistent control strategy to weight position and velocity feedback similarly for both walking and standing tasks.
284h agoHallucinogenic psychedelics trigger a distinct global signalling response in neural cells, characterised by a coordinated reorganisation of protein phosphorylation patterns, which separates them from non-hallucinogenic counterparts.
284h agoThe olfactory bulb's glomeruli have a stable map of activity that is shaped by multiple inputs and is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease, leading to loss of functional inhomogeneity.
284h agoThe regenerative ability of mammalian vestibular organs is limited because their junctional actin cables have different properties than those in birds, which allow for greater plasticity and cellular regeneration.
284h agoAdult stem cells in the central nervous system can change into a different type of cell and help repair damaged nerve fibers by becoming a type of cell that normally only exists in the peripheral nervous system.
284h agoThe mouse optic tract lacks fine-scale retinotopy, maintaining only a broad topographic structure with retinal ganglion cell axons showing rough rather than precise spatial organization.
288h agoTrigeminal neuralgia mouse model with intradural nerve root compression shows orofacial neuropathic pain, increased spontaneous activity in trigeminal ganglia, and neuroinflammation.
288h agoOligodendrocytes and myelin help improve neuronal deficits in Alzheimer's Disease by supporting energy metabolism and reducing oxidative damage.
288h agoNeural sensitivity to weak electric fields depends on the type of input used to drive cell activity and the statistics of the received inputs.
288h agoActivating or inhibiting PBN neurons expressing Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide modulates anxiety-like behavior in a sex- and stress-specific way during alcohol withdrawal.
288h agoStrokes cause lasting motor deficits, and intensive training partly improves motor function, but mostly leads to compensatory use of the unaffected side, however, it also promotes a specific neural pathway that supports motor recovery.
288h agoPyramidal neurons in the hippocampus have different types of inputs with distinct properties, which are mapped and found to have a molecular logic that underlies their organization.
288h agoScientists have developed a cell-based test that can measure human prion infectivity, allowing for the study of prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, in a laboratory setting.
288h agoActivation of glutamatergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area suppresses hippocampal sharp-wave ripples during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, and may play a role in altering memory consolidation.
288h agoSocial experience regulates social decision-making when animals are sick, and certain brain regions and behavioural phenotypes play a role in this process.
288h agoPsychedelic drugs disrupt local brain region synchrony and alter global functional connectivity by acting on different molecular and cellular targets.
288h agoSynesthesia generates extra conscious percepts, such as seeing color when reading numbers, and brain responses show that synesthetes' pupil reactions to these colors are similar to their reactions to real colors.
288h agoAutism's white-matter organisation shows a dimensional and individually patterned architecture, with stable, person-specific deviations from shared neurodevelopmental pathways linked to behavioural variation among autistic individuals.
292h agoCriticality, a state that maximizes computational capacity and adaptability, is a universal principle of brain function that applies to systems of any dimensionality.
292h agoSubcortical sensorimotor networks can compute musculoskeletal dynamics to initiate reaching in humans, transforming target information into precisely coordinated muscle activations.
292h agoInfant brain networks mature rapidly and differently across various brain systems, with visual and cerebellar systems showing the fastest development and motor/attention systems changing more gradually.
292h agoLosartan does not improve task-switching performance in healthy adults, but may have a specific benefit for accuracy on certain types of switch trials.
292h agoBiophysically detailed neuron models enable direct end-to-end training of spiking neural networks on image classification, regression, and time series prediction tasks through standard backpropagation.
292h agoNeurons in high-grade human gliomas are more electronically active and have altered synaptic responses, and this heightened activity is linked to faster tumor growth.
296h agoA new method called ReForm adjusts reference intervals for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve accuracy when applying to new samples.
296h agoA machine-learning-based decoder offers a strategy for rectifying errors in logic quantum circuits, which helps bring reliable and fault-tolerant quantum systems closer to reality.
296h agoBrain activity changes as people shift from imagining external tasks to internal thoughts, with different networks activated when imagining social versus solitary activities.
296h agoSynaptic MEMOIR enables imaging of neuronal projections in animal brains with single-synapse resolution, allowing mapping of neural wiring diagrams across large brain volumes.
296h agoThe brain extracts information about object identities and their dynamics by comparing predicted sensory signals with actual inputs to guide behavior.
296h agoMutations in the neurexin gene family lead to paralog-specific behavioural alterations in zebrafish, including changes in social behaviour, aggression, and anxiety-like behaviours, despite normal early development.
296h agoChildren with developmental dyslexia can have different cognitive profiles, with some having difficulties in executive functioning and processing speed, and others in verbal short-term memory and word retrieval, despite similar reading impairments.
296h agoDomain-general cognition affects conclusions about distinct neuroanatomy for specific cognitive functions when not accounted for in lesion-deficit mapping.
296h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
300h agoEveryday human-computer interactions can be used to track and assess mental health, and a new machine-learning framework called MAILA can accurately predict mental health states from digital activity.
300h agoMIMIC-MJX, a new framework, learns neural control policies from kinematics to model how the nervous system controls movement and behavior.
300h agoReducing mitochondrial efficiency in glial cells drives sustained depolarization, ATP collapse, and elevated ROS, leading to tumor-like transitions that mimic glioblastoma.
300h agoNeural data can legitimately inform welfare judgements for policy when the neural-computational mapping is well validated, the decision model identifies true interests, and the welfare criterion is explicitly specified and defended.
300h agoLarge multi-modal models fail to identify when and where interactions between objects and agents begin or end in videos, despite being able to describe objects, surroundings, and actions.
300h agoTraumatic Brain Injury causes pathological degradation at various biological levels, and a new continuum framework models the mechano-chemical interactions underlying this process, identifying key biomarkers and potential targets for treatment.
300h agoBifurcation parameters from a brain network model distinguish between brain states associated with resting and task-based conditions.
300h agoThe Brain-Muscle-Hand Interface (BMHI) decodes brain signals to reconstruct muscle activity, enabling natural and continuous control of a myoelectric interface, achieving a prediction accuracy of 0.79 and outperforming conventional brain-computer interfaces.
300h agoAutism spectrum disorder involves a reorganization of brain network dynamics, characterized by a redistribution of coevolutionary energy, particularly within the default mode network and its interactions with other networks.
300h agoDopamine facilitates movement by disinhibiting the thalamus and has a complex, region-specific effect on signal-to-noise ratio within the Cortico-Striatal-Thalamo-Cortical loop.
300h agoDecoded Neurofeedback (DecNef) simulations can now be done using DecNefLab, a new framework that helps researchers understand and improve DecNef, a non-invasive approach to brain modulation.
300h agoRecurrence microstate probabilities improve the accuracy of machine learning algorithms in classifying dynamical systems and colored noise by reducing dimensions, computational time, and memory usage.
300h agoHamiltonian systems that satisfy the Lagrange identity have extra tensor invariants beyond the basic ones that all Hamiltonian systems have.
300h agoCyclonic systems in the North Atlantic are more persistent, numerous, and longer-lived than anticyclonic systems, with both types showing strong winter maxima and summer minima in intensity, lifetime, and frequency.
300h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem formalism for the Camassa-Holm equation under periodic boundary conditions is developed, representing the solution in terms of the solution of the associated Riemann-Hilbert problem and initial data.
300h agoA model of active individuals shows that natural flocks and swarms exhibit scale invariance and can have high and low polarization while staying spatially homogeneous.
300h agoLoss of immunity and environmental factors cause multiannual cycles of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, which can be disrupted by interventions and are hard to predict long-term.
300h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in a coupled oscillator system lead to new dynamical states, including traveling chimera, run-and-chase, and coexistence phases, and alter the state diagram of the chimera state.
300h agoNon-Hermitian topology protects transport in one-dimensional systems up to a substantial critical disorder strength, and a sharp phase transition to Anderson localization occurs beyond this point.
300h agoSpin-current noise dominates skyrmion dynamics in typical racetrack structures up to room temperature, affecting stochastic motion and error sources in high-speed racetrack memory devices.
300h agoSurface states of a bulk class-CI topological lattice model can be Anderson localized by weak quenched randomness and hybridization with an additional trivial 2D band.
300h agoThe two-dimensional Ising spin glass has a line of renormalization group fixed points that corresponds to a one-generator continuous internal symmetry, which explains why it has no finite temperature transition to a spin glass phase.
300h agoThe enhancement factor in wavefront shaping has giant fluctuations in the strongly scattering regime due to long-range mesoscopic correlations.
300h agoMagnetic fields suppress the non-Hermitian skin effect in two-dimensional lattices by mitigating or suppressing boundary mode accumulation through mechanisms such as bulk localization and restoration of effective reciprocity.
300h agoThe sound quanta in simple liquids at low temperatures have a new excitation spectrum with phonon-like dispersion and additional excitations with gaps in pseudo-momentum space.
300h agoRydberg tweezer arrays with positional disorder and dimerization exhibit a localized phase that does not resemble standard Many-Body Localization (MBL), hosting an extensive fraction of Symmetry Protected Topological (SPT) states.
300h agoA new statistical mechanics ensemble identifies a cluster of connected solutions in constraint satisfaction problems, revealing a transition point where paths of solutions break apart.
300h agoStealthy disorder in one-dimensional Anderson model leads to localization lengths exceeding the system size at fixed disorder strength, enabling effective delocalization.
300h agoConcentration difficulties, self-hatred, and irritability are key symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders in at-risk adolescents, and are linked to specific brain regions, namely the pallidum and nucleus accumbens.
300h agoLactate metabolism helps support neurons and its disruption contributes to neurodegeneration risk by causing motor decline and interacting with ALS genetic risk.
300h agoEarly life stress causes lasting changes in the brain, specifically an accumulation of a certain type of histone modification, which affects males and females differently and leads to social and cognitive problems.
300h agoA new framework for image synthesis reveals a more selective mapping between individual layers of a convolutional neural network and specific brain regions, allowing researchers to understand how the brain processes images.
300h agoPrior experience guides behavior in new situations by creating stable hippocampal representations that enable generalization, allowing for rapid adaptation to novel environments.
300h agoThe brain's functional networks become more organized and consistent in structure between 0-6 months of age, with most networks showing increased neural engagement and varied changes in their spatial distribution.
300h agoMutations in GRIN2A and AKAP11 genes cause distinct and often opposite changes in striatal dopamine signaling and behavior, leading to abnormal locomotion and neural activity.
300h agoThe brain's large-scale networks become more spatially organized and refined during the first six months of life, converging towards a standard architecture.
300h agoNPC1 disease causes neurodegeneration in the olfactory system, leading to decreased olfactory sensory neurons, increased neuroinflammation, and impaired odorant responses.
304h agoHormonal changes across the menstrual cycle influence whole-brain structural dynamics.
312h agoGonadal hormones influence brain structure across a person's lifespan by causing fluctuations in brain volume that are shaped by different hormonal conditions.
312h agoEmotional experiences are recalled with similar feelings, and brain activity shows that a stable core of emotions is preserved from perception to memory, with context-dependent changes added during recall.
312h agoPeople's performance varies throughout the day based on their chronotype, with early chronotypes performing better in the morning and late chronotypes performing better in the evening, and this pattern persists even when individuals follow their preferred sleep schedules.
312h agoThe dorsal medulla has a special vascular network that connects two key brain areas, allowing directed transfer of signals from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the area postrema.
312h agoEmotion regulation strategies are linked to distinct cortical oscillatory systems, and interpersonal dispositions such as attachment anxiety and avoidance influence their neural implementation.
312h agoThe i3Neurosphere culture model enables high-throughput imaging of hundreds of axons in human cortical neurons, allowing study of microtubule dynamics and cargo motility.
312h agoPhosphorylated tau protein changes microtubule function and neural circuit activity, leading to altered behavior, whereas unphosphorylated tau stabilizes microtubules.
312h agoHypovolemia triggers vasoconstriction of parenchymal arterioles in the supraoptic nucleus through an AVP-mediated mechanism that remains intact in heart failure.
312h agoComplement activation increases after acute ischemic stroke, with different complement pathways showing distinct patterns over time, and specific markers associated with patient outcomes.
312h agoVascular dementia alters one-carbon metabolism and gene expression in brain tissue, with differences in effects between males and females.
312h agoMutations in Ank3 disrupt the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the cortex, leading to impaired sensory processing, abnormal synchronization, and selective affective and regulatory deficits.
312h agoChoroid plexus apocrine secretion changes the protein composition of cerebrospinal fluid during mouse brain development.
316h agoA genome-wide association study discovers 23 new genetic locations linked to bipolar disorder and identifies 39 genes and cell types that may play a role in the condition.
320h agoListeners use prediction to break down continuous speech into hierarchical linguistic units, and their brain activity is modulated by linguistic features such as surprisal and entropy reduction.
320h agoMaternal distress during pregnancy and early childhood is associated with changes in brain structure in 5-year-old children, with prenatal and postnatal distress linked to different brain regions.
320h agoLong-lived proteins at synapses help stabilize them, and changes in these proteins, influenced by sex and experience, may regulate memory and contribute to psychiatric risk.
320h agoExpectation-related signals are strongest in deep layers of the auditory cortex, while stimulus drive and expectation are strongest in superficial layers, and repetition suppression affects all layers equally.
320h agoPunishment learning reorganizes brain networks, creating a network anchored by the amygdala, subthalamic hypothalamic zone, and ventral midbrain tegmentum, which enables adaptive avoidance of harmful actions.
320h agoLack of Bassoon in GABAergic interneurons leads to reduced brain activity and severe learning impairment, while lack of Bassoon in glutamatergic forebrain neurons increases brain activity and enhances learning.
320h agoThe amygdala's different types of neurons respond distinctly to social dominance cues, with specific clusters of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons activated by dominant or subordinate olfactory signals.
320h agoThalamoprefrontal circuit activity shifts from anticipatory to preparatory periods as learning progresses, and distinct connectivity patterns in this circuit distinguish learners from non-learners in both mice and humans.
320h agoClimbing fibers in the cerebellum can change their structure in response to activity, and this process affects synaptic transmission and may contribute to encoding memories.
320h agoBody signals functionally drive cognition through a thermodynamic sequence where brain-body resonance acts as a discrete gate triggering non-linear information integration.
324h agoPsychedelics like psilocybin reorganize brain connectivity, and a new multimodal graph fusion network called Brain-MGF can distinguish psilocybin from no-psilocybin conditions with over 74% accuracy using EEG and fMRI data.
324h agoNutraceuticals, bioactive compounds from food sources, offer a promising prospect for preventing and treating ischemic stroke by activating protective pathways and reducing key drivers of injury.
324h agoMultiDiffNet, a diffusion-based framework, learns a compact latent space to decode electroencephalography (EEG) and achieves state-of-the-art generalization across various neural decoding tasks.
324h agoA novel brain-inspired transformer model, called RCCT, improves unsupervised domain adaptation performance by using a core-periphery structure to control information exchange between image patches, achieving top performance on several benchmarks.
324h agoA unified framework called Perceptogram decodes images from EEG signals using a simple linear decoder and reveals interpretable EEG feature maps that support visual perception.
324h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
324h agoA model of perceptual decision making uses efficient sensory encoding and Bayesian decoding of neural activity to generate choices and response times from visual stimuli.
324h agoArtificial Intelligence helps classify spikes in brain signal data, which is important for understanding diseases and human-computer interaction, by assisting in the accurate identification of neural activity noises.
324h agoEfficient information transfer in natural flocks during collective turns arises from non-reciprocal local interactions, and a wave propagating across the flock undergoes scattering.
324h agoA direct linearisation scheme leads to an elliptic parametrisation of the lattice CKP equation, allowing construction of elliptic solutions and elliptic multi-soliton solutions.
324h agoStable multipole-mode solitons with an arbitrarily high number of lobes exist in a two-dimensional optical medium with defocusing saturable nonlinearity and an annular potential trough.
324h agoA phase reduction method for reaction-diffusion systems with a discrete delay is developed, allowing for the analysis of oscillatory systems with spatial degrees of freedom and delay.
324h agoEquations have three-soliton solutions if they meet specific conditions on the powers of their Hirota D-operators, and certain types of equations can also have lump and hybrid solutions.
324h agoThe Stuart-Landau oscillator system in 3 and 4 dimensions exhibits emergent dynamical phenomena, including synchronization, multistability, and partial amplitude death or oscillation death, depending on whether rotational symmetry is preserved or broken.
324h agoThe spectrum of a periodic non-self-adjoint Dirac operator depends on a semiclassical parameter, with bounds on the spectrum providing sharp estimates and a condition ensuring spectral confinement to the real and imaginary axes.
324h agoTaping the ends of data-driven algorithms with weighted averages makes them converge much faster, and this simple change can deliver better results without extra cost.
324h agoThe kicked-Ising model, used as a quantum battery, achieves maximal charging and shows remarkable robustness against disorder.
324h agoAn autocatalytic mechanism proposes that bursts of Hawking radiation from evaporating micro-primordial black holes trigger the collapse of plasma overdensities, forming new black holes and producing a stochastic gravitational-wave background.
324h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert method is used to analyze a family of Painlev\'e functions, obtaining their asymptotic behavior, which is related to the moments of the Riemann zeta function and the Hardy Z-function.
324h agoA unified framework analyzes how discrete-time complex networks respond to external signals, and finds that network architecture and input-output node selection shape information flow.
324h agoThe LMC statistical complexity measure fails to identify states of high structural complexity in a two-dimensional XY model, often assigning maximal complexity to nearly equilibrated configurations while underestimating complex vortex-rich states.
324h agoLocalized field configurations with finite energy exist in a 2+1 dimensional model, characterized by a U(1) frequency and winding number, and possessing Noether charge and non-trivial angular momentum.
324h agoStationary compact fluxon profiles exist as exact solutions in an inductively coupled and dc-biased Josephson junction ladder, and they have distinct properties depending on their symmetry and topological charge.
324h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) accurately predict bifurcation phenomena in ecological migration models and provide deeper insights into underlying dynamics, offering a flexible and efficient alternative to traditional numerical methods.
324h agoFour nonidentical phase oscillators with repulsive coupling can exhibit all possible modes of frequency synchronization, including global, cluster, and switching regimes, depending on the coupling strength and natural frequency mismatch.
324h agoA new model-driven approach predicts epidemic dynamics by exploiting real data and the multiscale structure of infection dynamics, providing robust predictions of viral load kinetics.
324h agoEvolutionarily stable strategy definitions for asymmetric games differ in how they relate to fixed points of the replicator equation, and some definitions are equivalent.
324h agoIsomonodromic deformations of irregular-singular connections on complex curves are classified using new mathematical tools, including reflections cosets and "fission" trees, leading to a complete classification of hyperplane arrangements and new insights into complex reflection groups.
324h agoA modeling framework for binary-choice dynamics reveals that individual-level diversity can be effectively ignored under certain conditions, and that annealed and quenched dynamics are equivalent when a specific constraint on transition probabilities is met.
324h agoThe Fredkin spin chain lacks local conserved charges, making it a nonintegrable model, and this nonintegrability persists even when some of its Hamiltonian terms are removed.
324h agoLarge AI models can avoid overfitting and improve performance on unseen data as they grow, a phenomenon called double descent, and analog physical systems can exhibit this behavior too.
324h agoRandom-matrix theory helps to separate signal from noise in large data sets by showing that the singular value density obeys a quartic equation with explicit asymptotics in the strong-signal regime.
324h agoContrastive Local Learning Networks, analog networks of self-adjusting nonlinear resistors, can perform simple reinforcement learning tasks using Q-learning, making them potentially useful for energy-limited autonomous agents in uncertain environments.
324h agoThe positivization of one-dimensional $J_1 -J_2$ model ground states in strongly frustrated regimes depends on the boundary conditions and parity of the simulated spin chains.
324h agoOptical phase-change materials enable compact and efficient reconfigurability in photonic devices, and a new platform using these materials achieves simultaneous control of up to 25 matrix elements in multi-port devices.
324h agoA new method accurately captures the mechanical response of glassy polymers, like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), across more than twenty decades in frequency.
324h agoA new procedure approximates the universal density functional in density functional theory by first applying Moreau-Yosida regularization and then using a neural network, producing a differentiable and mathematically consistent approximation.
324h agoThe glass transition can be predicted from changes in the structure factor's realizability, even if the structure factor itself only changes slightly.
324h agoThe local moment susceptibility in doped semiconductors exhibits a robust power-law behavior across the metal-insulator transition.
324h agoIntroducing local lattice defects into the Kitaev honeycomb spin liquid produces a phase transition with a transition temperature that depends on the defect density.
324h agoEcho state networks switch from limited to rapidly increasing information processing capacity when their nonlinearity level passes a critical threshold.
324h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems can be distributed over a wide interval and exhibit nontrivial structure, which may falsely suggest non-ergodicity.
324h agoLocalization and delocalization transitions in a generalized random graph lattice are driven by a competition between the non-Hermitian skin effect and Anderson localization, with both coexisting even in the presence of strong disorder.
324h agoThe Virtual Crystal Approximation and super cell method produce comparable results for total energy and density of states of bulk GaAsxP1-x, and the bulk of a mixed-crystal slab has a minor influence on its surface configuration.
324h agoCrystalline symmetry can predict bulk and surface properties of topological phases by using topological crystalline markers to characterize bulk topology in symmetric crystalline insulators and superconductors.
324h agoTransformer models learn from examples within their context through a process called in-context learning, which can be analytically characterized by deriving the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent for a simplified linear transformer.
324h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood by framing it as a physical system's relaxation process, and this process shows no entropy barrier between memorization and generalization.
324h agoSymmetry breaking in photonic systems can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, allowing for advanced light manipulation and polarization conversion in nonlocal metasurfaces.
324h agoPerceptual learning improves behavioral performance by increasing functional connectivity between visual areas that process task-relevant information.
332h agoElevated beta-amyloid PET burden and sex interact with gene expression to impact plasma pTau217 levels, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
332h agoA compact cluster of neurons in the zebrafish brain responds vigorously to strongly harmful stimuli, but not to milder threats, and this neural circuit is conserved across species.
332h agoLoss of ATP8A2 leads to immune-mediated neurodegeneration through increased exposure of phosphatidylserine, and inhibiting immune cell attack against neurons may be a potential treatment for related diseases.
332h agoGenerative AI and generative linguistics are compatible.
336h agoThe hippocampal subfields appear and disappear in a consistent order along the hippocampus, and their borders have specific locations and relationships to other structures.
336h agoA novel EMG-based assistive controller that leaves a fraction of predicted human gravity torque uncompensated reduces muscle effort and improves movement performance.
336h agoA combination therapy of baricitinib, memantine, and riluzole shows promise for treating sporadic ALS cases.
340h agoStructured neuronal sequences emerge independently of sensory input in human brain organoids and mouse cortical slices.
340h agoLecanemab therapy for Alzheimer's disease induces a transcriptional program in human microglia that enhances plaque phagocytosis through osteopontin.
340h agoA mouse brain atlas, developed using local dendritic patterns from over 101,000 neurons, links local dendritic architecture to long-range neuronal projections with improved anatomical precision.
340h agoSyntaxin-1A clusters, regulated by Munc18, suppress neurotransmitter fusion through a phase-separation-based mechanism.
340h agoEngineering human microglia with a specific gene variant helps protect neurons in the brain and resists tau-induced dysfunction, offering a potential new therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
340h agoMindfulness meditation increases DNA methylation in genes associated with Alzheimer's disease in a way that may protect against the condition.
344h agoD1 medium spiny neurons in the ventral striatum become more selective in their firing properties as mice learn to distinguish between reward-paired and unpaired cues.
344h agoA spatially detailed map of brain cell types in marmoset monkeys reveals that brain cell identity is shaped by both internal factors and external context, with findings including spatially precise neuronal assemblies and gradients of transcription factors within certain brain structures.
344h agoThe basal ganglia have a complex but highly organized molecular structure with gene expression gradients and distinct compartments, which is conserved across humans, monkeys, and marmosets.
344h agoCortical layer 1 is metabolically active and capable of local protein synthesis, with a unique transcriptome that allows for specialized synaptic function.
344h agoLanguage lateralization does not directly influence hemispheric asymmetries in visuospatial attention and numerical cognition, and atypical language lateralization does not simply mirror typical lateralization patterns.
344h agoThe WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin repair by interacting with the SOX10 transcription factor and sustaining its downstream myelin gene network.
344h agoFoxP2 is expressed in most thalamic nuclei across species, with highest expression in midline and intralaminar nuclei, and plays a conserved role in shaping thalamic circuits supporting sensorimotor integration, attention, memory, and linguistic processing.
344h agoThe brain does not pre-activate upcoming words during natural language comprehension, but instead reflects past words through postdiction.
348h agoLarge language models can compute psychopathology, with experiments showing that they have a computational structure of psychopathology that becomes denser as the model size increases.
348h agoThe brain's heterogeneous regions form task-specific pathways through specific constraints, including routing costs, scaling factors, and randomized expert dropout, which encourage reliable pathway formation.
348h agoDeep learning models can reliably predict a person's brain MRI several years into the future, allowing for individualized prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
348h agoSpatially-bounded rogue waves can arise in a limited region of space when certain conditions are met in the Davey-Stewartson I equation, forming a single or multiple closed curves on the spatial plane and then disappearing into the background.
348h agoFrobenius-driven revivals occur in prime-modulus Laplacian cellular automata, where chaotic transients collapse into exact replicas of an initial seed at specific times.
348h agoThe volume-price distribution of New York Stock Exchange equities follows a stochastic evolution that is driven by different dynamics for its shape and scale parameters, with shape parameters often behaving like a pure diffusion and scale parameters showing dominant jump-diffusion dynamics.
348h agoSteady water waves that are evanescent in every horizontal direction exist under certain conditions, specifically when vorticity and velocity fields are parallel and surface tension has a strong influence.
348h agoThe kinetic coefficients, specifically the relative mobilities of polymer and solvent/non-solvent, have dramatic effects on the patterns formed during Non-Solvent induced phase separation, determining whether phase separation occurs and the nature of the resulting pattern.
348h agoA model of competing political ideas and power shows that societies experience punctuated equilibria and a phase transition to disorder, driven by the cumulative advantage effect of political power and intra-elite conflict.
348h agoThe left-right Husimi representation of chaotic scattering systems remains invariant under closed classical dynamics and factorizes into a classical multifractal structure and universal quantum fluctuations.
348h agoThe Bennett profile's nonlinearity can be transferred to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a flowing Z-pinch equilibrium with a vortical flow that meets the validity criterion for shear-flow stabilization under certain temperature profile constraints.
348h agoHigh stress levels are indicated in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
348h agoA single complex impurity in infinite tight-binding lattices leads to counterintuitive phenomena, including regions where localization vanishes and re-emerges as the impurity strength varies.
348h agoReluctant search algorithm's performance depends on the distribution of entries in the coupling matrix of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, unlike greedy search which shows universality across a broad range of distributions.
348h agoNon-reciprocal interactions cause the two-time correlation and response functions to depend on both times, leading to exponential decays in long-time relaxation and, under certain conditions, a transition to an oscillatory regime with periodic oscillations.
348h agoA quantum nonlinear driven-dissipative mode can act as a quantum reservoir, allowing linear regression to recognize parameters of incident squeezed states from the emission spectrum.
348h agoA scalable and noise-resilient protocol combines error correction algorithms with classical shadow tomography to detect entanglement transitions in a projective version of the transverse field Ising model.
348h agoA new method can efficiently compute stationary states for ecosystems with sparse and asymmetric interactions, providing a tool to explore stability in realistic ecological communities.
348h agoGraph neural networks' performance improves with more convolutional steps, but their architecture must scale with depth to avoid oversmoothing and approach optimal performance.
348h agoPlace-cell networks with higher-order neural interactions can store a large number of patterns, enabling navigation on general surfaces in 3-dimensional space.
348h agoA charged particle in a fluctuating magnetic field can undergo exponential acceleration of its diffusion, even with rare and abrupt field reversals.
348h agoA novel method estimates the relative importance of input components for a Deep Neural Network by using a spectral re-parametrization of the optimization process, automatically ranking features without extra processing.
348h agoA programmable photonic spin simulator emulates XY models with tunable lattice geometries and spin couplings, observing a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a square-lattice XY model and uncovering complex phase transitions and frustration effects in frustrated systems.
348h agoA measure of quantum state complexity, defined as the divergence between Shannon or von Neumann entropy and second-order R\'enyi entropy, reliably signals crossovers from integrable to chaotic phases in quantum systems.
348h agoTraining large language models with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) shows a set of puzzling behaviors due to the self-organization of a sparse concept web in semantic space.
348h agoThe Yukawa-SYK model bridges single-particle and many-body chaos, and its interaction strength acts as a control parameter to create different dynamical regimes.
348h agoConventional lipid nanoparticles can transfect a broader range of retinal cell types, including Muller glia, neurons, and vascular cells, and their efficiency is influenced by administration method, retinal degeneration, and inner limiting membrane integrity.
348h agoInfants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder have reduced ability to track syllables in speech, which correlates with their verbal outcomes at 20 months.
360h agoPitch perception of musical chords cannot be fully explained by the rate-place model, which suggests that pitch is computed from spatial patterns of average neural firing rates.
376h agoOral Actinomyces species associated with cannabis use cause anxiety-like behaviors, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced neurotransmission in mice by producing harmful metabolites.
376h agoCoincident high-amplitude oscillations across the cortex play a key role in enabling cognition by forming transient oscillatory networks that impact attention and decision-making.
376h agoThousands of genes are differentially expressed across individual neurons in the nervous system of C. elegans during post-embryonic development, driving changes in neuron numbers, size, connectivity, and differentiation.
376h agoFrontal lobe damage leads to a distinctive decision-making profile marked by altered utility curvature and reduced sensitivity to outcome magnitudes, causing people to make more risky choices for themselves and more cautious choices for others.
376h agoParamagnetic and diamagnetic substances both contribute to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility in the brain, with paramagnetic components showing strong anisotropy in deep gray matter and parts of white matter.
376h agoS100A9 protein plays a dual role in progressive multiple sclerosis, contributing to neurotoxicity when found in extracellular aggregates, but conferring neuroprotection when expressed in microglia.
388h agoOctopuses' arms have internal nerve connections that help coordinate complex movements along their length.
388h agoExtraverts retain their ability to focus attention despite distraction, whereas introverts' attentional focus worsens with increasing distraction, due to differences in cortical arousal and brain network connectivity.
388h agoNeural activity outside of task-related coding subspaces, referred to as residual dimensions, plays a critical role in driving behavior by interacting with coding dimensions to shape neural dynamics.
388h agoATTO 490LS enables high sensitivity and multiplexed imaging with single-wavelength excitation in two-photon microscopy with a 165-nm Stokes shift and peak emission at 640 nm.
388h agoNew numerical algorithms reduce computational resources needed to solve edge states in large-scale photonic or acoustic structures.
392h agoWriting an effective point-by-point response document requires following specific recommendations.
392h agoLarge language models are viable models of human language processing, according to research that validated their use by comparing them to high-quality brain responses from multiple participants.
392h agoParallel symbolic enumeration (PSE) discovers physical laws from data with improved accuracy and speed.
392h agoMorphological complexity affects how the brain processes word frequency during visual word recognition, with surface frequency influencing neural representations of inflected words more than simple words.
396h agoMost early-born subplate neurons persist as layer 6b neurons in adulthood, and their apparent postnatal reduction in density is due to tangential cortical expansion, not neuronal loss.
396h agoO-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) modulates inhibitory synapse structure and signaling by responding to changes in cellular nutrient flux, affecting synapse morphology, receptor composition, and GABAergic circuit function.
396h agoHippocampal neural sequences reflect the alignment of internally generated dynamics to external perception and are organized based on memory strategies employed by the animal in different contexts.
396h agoAlpha-synuclein spontaneously forms toxic condensates with lipid droplets, which prevents the turnover of the lipid droplets and harms neighboring mitochondria.
400h agoDHA in the brain is linked to cognitive performance in adolescents through a specific pathway in the deep white-matter, fornix, and thalamus.
404h agoMachine learning algorithms can estimate brain age from neuroimaging data, and a study found that a pre-trained algorithm called PHOTON was most sensitive to differences between healthy individuals and those with bipolar disorder.
404h agoBrain-predicted age difference, a measure of brain aging, is linked to lower cognitive performance, especially when using an algorithm that combines multiple types of imaging data.
404h agoHumanized mouse models with specific mutations in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene develop muscle pathology similar to humans, and can be used to restore dystrophin expression with therapeutic approaches like exon skipping.
404h agoIncluding region-wide activity perturbations in neural activity models helps accurately estimate interactions between brain regions.
404h agoAlcohol and stress exposure leads to long-lasting cognitive impairments, particularly in cognitive flexibility, and pathological changes in the brain, persisting into midlife despite extended abstinence.
404h agoXanomeline and its metabolite N-desmethylxanomeline act on multiple receptors, which may mediate some of their effects in treating schizophrenia.
404h agoThe activity of AgRP/NPY neurons, which regulate hunger and metabolism, differs between young and middle-aged female mice, and is also affected by diet and biological age.
404h agoMicroglia survival is regulated by a cytokine mechanism that involves lysosomal dynamics, where interleukin-10 receptor beta plays a crucial role in controlling microglial lifespan and clearance.
404h agoThe ability to reason about the physical world and tool use can dissociate and be independently disrupted by brain damage.
404h agoExosomes from young donors reverse the detrimental effects of aging on brain cells by restoring mitochondrial function and protein synthesis and suppressing inflammation.
404h agoMithra, a new software toolkit, enables visualization and analysis of intracranial recordings by mapping electrodes to standardized brain spaces while preserving individual anatomy.
404h agoAstrocytes help clear Alzheimer's disease-causing plaques from the brain through a process led by the Sox9 transcription factor, which helps preserve cognitive function.
416h agoMice with impaired inhibitory synapses due to a lack of the protein Bassoon develop social behavioral deficits, abnormal motor behavior, anxiety, and epileptiform activity similar to those seen in autism spectrum disorders.
416h agoAwe causes distinctive brain and body changes, including heightened brain activity and reduced sympathetic nervous system activity, linked to both physical sensations and subjective experience.
416h agoThalamic excitation alone can drive cortical spiking, but its effectiveness depends on fluctuations in synaptic input.
416h agoSpindles and slow oscillations in NREM sleep are coupled across the brain in a specific pattern, with the phase of slow oscillations changing along the brain's front-to-back axis, and this coupling declines with age.
416h agoThe brain's neuron network changes between synchronized and unsynchronized patterns as neuron frequencies shift, following beat frequency statistics when neuron frequencies differ by a specific gap.
420h agoGenerative AI works well because of clear principles, not complex algorithms, and these principles may also operate in the brain and be studied through machine learning research.
420h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
420h agoA unified framework proposes that representations in neuroscience are characterized by dimensions that describe relations between neural responses, represented features, and downstream effects.
420h agoThe brain's statistical learning process plays a critical role in musical creativity and individuality.
420h agoEmotional experiences are linked to specific bodily sensations, and mapping these sensations can provide a new understanding of how emotions are formed and experienced.
420h agoA system filter helps improve brain-computer interface technology by removing individual variability in brain signals, allowing for better communication between brains and external devices.
420h agoHigher task complexity and stronger feature learning reduce degeneracy in neural dynamics but increase it in weight space, while larger networks and structural regularization reduce degeneracy across behavior, neural dynamics, and weight space.
420h agoThe study finds that an ensemble of four nonidentical phase oscillators with repulsive coupling can exhibit all possible modes of frequency synchronization, including global, cluster, and switching regimes.
420h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in coupled oscillators lead to new dynamical states, including traveling chimera, run-and-chase, and coexistence phases, and alter the state diagram of the chimera state.
420h agoThe inclined layer convection system exhibits a variety of spatio-temporal patterns, including the switching diamond panes pattern, which features large-scale oblique features and arises from the interaction of buoyancy and shear forces.
420h agoThe brain's neuron network changes between synchronized and unsynchronized patterns as neuron frequencies shift, following beat frequency statistics when neuron frequencies differ by a specific gap.
420h agoDifferent statistical methods are effective in identifying irreversible dynamics in different systems.
420h agoPlanar non-topological solitons in models with nonlinear potentials bounded from below show kinematical stability and preserve full Schrödinger symmetry at low energies.
420h agoA generalized Wilson-Cowan model accounts for the evolution of synaptic resources and shows that active excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact through a simplified framework.
420h agoHigher-order topological insulators can be constructed using lattices with incomplete unit cells, allowing for localized modes of topological origin across a broader parameter space.
420h agoA novel control strategy called homogeneous Proportional-Integral-Derivative (hPID) achieves robust and coordinated motion control of mobile robotic manipulators, guaranteeing global asymptotic stability and finite-time convergence.
420h agoVortex solitons in Kerr media have their topological charge determined by the number of waveguide channels, and higher-order charges need larger arrays.
420h agoCells can self-reproduce only when their growth and division processes work together, and their compatibility determines whether a cell system grows, dies, or stays stable.
420h agoTime-modulated mechanical systems have a non-Bloch band theory that explains their unique behaviors, such as parametric resonance and non-reciprocal wave transmission, which differ from standard linear systems.
420h agoA simulation model combines opinion dynamics and binary phase transition to describe how group pre-evacuation time emerges from individual interactions during crowd evacuation.
420h agoMagnetic solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates can form bound states, or molecules, under certain conditions, and their collisions exhibit intriguing dynamics.
420h agoA new language competition model shows that two languages can coexist in equilibrium, with minority language speakers often being either monolingual or bilingual.
420h agoA charged particle in a fluctuating magnetic field can experience accelerated diffusion, and even rare magnetic field reversals can trigger exponential acceleration of its movement.
420h agoA generalized Wilson-Cowan model accounts for the evolution of synaptic resources and shows that active excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact through a simplified framework.
420h agoCombining disorder and a static electric field allows for manipulation of skin-mode localization in a two-dimensional nonreciprocal lattice, enabling control over boundary localization position.
420h agoThe classical percolation phase transition in random potentials does not affect the Anderson localization length in the quantum regime, instead a smooth increase occurs as the system deviates from the classical limit.
420h agoBranched polymers, including star-like and comb-like structures, show higher adsorption capacity for pollutants and heavy metal ions, with comb-like polymers having higher capacity but lower adsorption strength than star-like polymers.
420h agoThe distribution of local interface heights at depinning displays negative skewness, which persists as the system approaches its thermodynamic limit and under different elasticity conditions.
420h agoSimulated annealing's effectiveness depends on the structure of the energy landscape, with thermal and quantum annealing performing differently for certain interaction networks.
420h agoThe generalized Lotka-Volterra model with a network structure reveals that the critical degree, a key order parameter, determines node extinction in both cooperative and competitive systems.
420h agoLocalization transitions occur with the breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is a concept defined by the long-time dynamics of local observables, not by the Hamiltonian.
420h agoMicrotubules in cells can support decoherence-resistant entangled states, allowing for dissipation-free energy transfer and potentially enabling scalable, ambient-temperature quantum computation.
420h agoLead magnesium niobate has a Nb-rich sublattice and most of its Nb ions form a single percolating cluster with a mesh-like structure that prevents large space charges.
420h agoZeolite intergrowths are feasible.
420h agoThermal physics and quantum computing merge as a new area of research.
420h agoLarge language models generate judgments based on patterns learned from vast amounts of text data.
420h agoPerioGT, a self-supervised learning framework, uses periodicity priors and additional conditions to improve polymer property prediction under data scarcity.
420h agoNeuronal populations operate near criticality, and maximum entropy models can distinguish subcritical from critical or supercritical systems, but may not differentiate between critical and supercritical states.
424h agoCocaine abstinence changes gene expression in the brain, specifically increasing Cartpt in the nucleus accumbens, which in turn affects recovery from addiction.
424h agoIgGs from long COVID patients bind to peripheral sensory neurons and induce pain-related symptoms in mice.
424h agoYouth with ADHD show pronounced deviations in white-matter structural connectivity, which decrease as symptoms improve and can predict treatment response to certain medications.
424h agoBinaural coupling between the two ears of green anole lizards enables frequency-dependent phase-locking and synchronization, which affects the generation of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions and sound localization.
424h agoAPOE genotype affects gene expression in a specific type of brain cell called oligodendrocytes, which differs by ancestry and may contribute to Alzheimer's disease risk.
424h agoEarly tactile deficits in Alzheimer's patients are linked to tau pathology in spinal neurons and reducing tau levels in these neurons restores touch and improves cognition.
432h agoPeople's brains respond differently to unfairness depending on their individual social cognition traits and sensitivity to trust violations.
432h agoParaquat exposure causes age-dependent neurotoxic effects, with adults showing the greatest vulnerability to Parkinson's-like neurodegeneration, including neuronal degeneration and changes in serum alpha-synuclein levels.
432h agoSuprathreshold paired-pulse TMS at short intervals cumulatively enhances corticospinal excitability during stimulation.
432h agoBoth electrical and ultrasound transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhance emotional bias scores, shifting the perception of neutral and ambiguous faces towards positive interpretations and reducing negative emotional bias.
432h agoThe gut microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-proprionic acid (IPA) facilitates recovery from neurological deficits and alleviates white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by promoting microglia-mediated debris clearance.
432h agoIndependent Filter Analysis (IFA) enhances sensitivity to group effects in fMRI data by preserving both shared and group-specific information during dimensionality reduction.
432h agoMExConn, a new multi-expert U-Net architecture, simultaneously segments multiple organelles from electron microscopy images, outperforming existing methods and providing mechanistic interpretability.
432h agoThe neural response to heartbeat is affected by pulse artifacts, especially during wakefulness and certain stages of sleep.
432h agoThe left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has a hierarchical and heterogeneous organization with different subregions having distinct connections to brain networks and behavioral functions, which informs optimal targeting for transcranial magnetic stimulation to treat depression.
432h agoThe Hippocampal Subfields Group develops a reliable and freely available segmentation protocol for high-resolution MRI scans to standardize the identification of hippocampus subfields.
432h agoCaffeine activates bitter taste neurons, causing rejection behavior in flies, by interacting with specific taste receptors and signaling pathways in certain neurons.
432h agoMacaques weigh the costs and benefits of cooperation and adjust their social strategies based on reward contingencies, preferring individual actions but cooperating under favorable payoff conditions.
432h agoMass univariate analyses, particularly permutation-based approaches, help correct for multiple comparisons in EEG data, enabling statistical inference with high sensitivity for detecting large effects.
432h agoCK2 inhibitor CX-4945 decreases mutant huntingtin aggregation, improves neuronal function, and motor behavior, and ameliorates neuroinflammation in Huntington's disease mice.
432h agoAccurate electrical properties of brain tissue are essential for modeling neurostimulation techniques; this study found conductivity values of 0.109 S/m for grey matter and 0.074 S/m for white matter, which are lower than standard simulation parameters.
432h agoOptimizing electrode placement for Tumor Treating Fields therapy improves electric field intensity in tumors by 18%-34% compared to standard clinical practice.
432h agoIndividuals with CLN3 disease show age-related differences in auditory sensory processing, with abnormal brain responses to sounds that change as they get older.
432h agoThe FET protein family, which includes FUS, EWS, and TAF15, plays a role in RNA metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases, but reliable detection of individual FET proteins is challenging due to antibody cross-reactivity. or Antibodies for detecting FET proteins have variable performance, making research reproducibility a problem. or a more general sentence not using the word "antibody" Detection of FET proteins is challenging due to cross-reactivity and inconsistent localisation patterns. I rewrote to FET proteins are hard to detect reliably because antibodies cross-react with them.
432h agoDopamine motivates animals to perform a behavior, but also reduces the effectiveness of dopamine signaling, leading to decreased value of repeated behavior.
440h agoNeuronal m6A RNA methylation regulates excessive alcohol drinking and alcohol-dependent gene expression, and its dysregulation contributes to the development of alcohol use disorder.
440h agoNeocortical areas have a rapid plasticity mechanism that allows for quick adaptation during learning, mediated by dendritic calcium plateau potentials.
440h agoMaximum entropy models of neuronal populations show thermodynamic signatures of criticality in critical and supercritical cultures, but not in subcritical cultures.
444h agoNeurons with adaptive current can synchronize teaching signals with neural activity by predicting future inputs, enabling efficient learning and memory formation over extended timescales.
444h agoA method using a sequence of output neurons with bounded synaptic delays can effectively recognize temporal patterns of arbitrary length in spiking neural networks.
444h agoMotor imagery with a loose grip improves serve performance in tennis players more than motor imagery with a tight grip.
444h agoGoalkeepers with their arms up appear taller to penalty takers, but this illusion does not affect the takers' shots, which are instead influenced by the goalkeeper's position and available goal space.
444h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
444h agoThe 2-component BKP hierarchy has a rewritten Lax equation using mixed pseudo-differential operators, and its tau functions have Darboux transformations that lead to additional symmetries and Pfaffian identities.
444h agoThe study presents a dimensional reduction of Bose-Einstein condensates confined by generalized transverse potentials, deriving an effective one-dimensional equation that determines transverse width dynamics and accurately replicates 3D simulation results for ground-state properties and dynamical behavior.
444h agoAdaptive rewiring of connections based on node similarity can drive complex structural self-organization in networks, leading to three distinct network phases: random connectivity, community structure, and fragmentation.
444h agoGuichard transformations generate sequences of Voss surfaces by quadratures from a pseudospherical surface and a seed solution, and these transformations are linked to recursion operators for symmetries of the sine-Gordon equation.
444h agoA quantum spin van der Pol oscillator model exhibits limit-cycle oscillations and synchronization properties, including frequency entrainment, mutual synchronization, and collective synchronization.
444h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing stable cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
444h agoGuided link rewiring can help create cooperative consensus by depolarizing social networks, with heterophilic rewiring and even simple random rewiring outperforming more complex algorithms.
444h agoA non-perturbative definition of RMT${}_2$ is developed, which generalizes random matrix theory to be compatible with symmetries of two-dimensional conformal field theory.
444h agoFaraday waves can probe collective excitations in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates, with analysis revealing distinct regions of parametric resonance and Jeans instability in parameter space.
444h agoLarge-scale turbulent flows determine small-scale flows in Navier-Stokes turbulence, and the essential resolution of observation needed to reconstruct small-scale flows is close to the forcing scale in two-dimensional turbulence, but close to the dissipation scale in three-dimensional turbulence.
444h agoA new theoretical model for active matter reveals that the interplay of positional and orientational order in mobile agents leads to distinct phases, including stable patterns, complex topological defects, and active turbulence, depending on anisotropy and system size.
444h agoA newly developed machine learning optimized classical potential accurately predicts structural variations in borosilicate glasses across different compositions.
444h agoModerate random spatial truncation does not change the hyperuniformity classification of disordered systems, and modest reciprocal-space radial pooling effectively smooths spurious fluctuations without changing the classification.
444h agoLithium halides with different halides and transition metals can be alloyed to tune their structure and properties as solid-state electrolytes, and their Li conductivity is mainly affected by the interplay of lattice parameter and chemical composition.
444h agoA Hopfield network with high-dimensional vector spins has a retrieval phase that shrinks as the spin dimension grows, but gains the ability to denoise corrupted patterns at large capacities.
444h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension can be solved using supersymmetry-based techniques to give an explicit linear integral equation that controls the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials.
444h agoSelf-distillation's performance improvement comes mainly from denoising through hard pseudo-labels, especially in moderately sized datasets.
444h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing stable cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
444h agoThe vomeronasal organ's sensory neurons rely on specific endoplasmic reticulum proteins to function properly, and the loss of one such protein, Canopy1, causes degeneration of certain neurons and disrupts their connectivity.
444h agoDysfunction in the right inferior insula causes perceptual impairment in patients with long COVID brain fog, and targeting this region with non-invasive stimulation can improve the deficit.
448h agoCortical dysplasias have disorganized brain tissue and altered microarchitecture, characterized by reduced microscopic fractional anisotropy and anisotropic kurtosis, and disorganized myelinated fibers.
448h agoMitochondrial dysfunction can be targeted with engineered exosomes that are delivered precisely using a biocompatible chemical platform called strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC).
448h agoThe activity state of lateral habenula neurons determines whether synchronous release of GABA and glutamate from ventral tegmental area neurons is functionally inhibitory or excitatory, affecting motivation.
452h agoMatClassRSA, a MATLAB toolbox, performs classification and analysis of magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography data using Representational Similarity Analysis, offering researchers multiple classifiers, statistical analyses, and visualization tools.
452h agoMecp2-deficiency impairs swallow-related neuromuscular mechanisms, including brainstem cholinergic signaling, leading to weakened muscle activity and increased risk of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia in Rett syndrome.
452h agoTau accumulation in cells disrupts neuron balance, alters myelination pathways, and affects body weight and metabolic regulation through complex mechanisms involving multiple cell types.
452h agoPrimary cilia and centrioles are differently organized in mouse and human brain microvasculature, with primary cilia mainly found on mural cells surrounding venules and capillaries, and EC centrioles positioned against blood flow direction.
452h agoPeople's attempts to be unpredictable are more predictable when they rely on intuition and generate repetitive sequences, contrary to their goal of being random and hard to predict.
452h agoThe left hemisphere of the brain is larger than the right hemisphere in marmosets, with differences in social cognition areas.
452h agoBcl11a enhances the differentiation of aged oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into myelinating oligodendrocytes, restoring their impaired capacity for differentiation.
456h agoNeuronal activity helps switch microglia from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-regenerative state, promoting repair in multiple sclerosis models.
456h agoThe use of peri-operative analgesia is underreported in rat models of pain, and its use can reduce acute pain without impacting long-term research outcomes.
456h agoThe relationship between synaptic potentiation and neuron-wide activation changes across different layers of the hippocampal CA1 region during the encoding and retrieval phases of memory.
456h agoThe basal ganglia play a key role in invigorating movement according to environmental and energetic constraints, and also help regulate speech production based on ambient noise levels.
456h agoThe Virtual Brain Ontology (TVB-O) offers a common vocabulary, metadata standard, and software toolbox that simplifies the description, execution, and sharing of brain network simulations, enhancing reproducibility, comparability, and portability across simulators.
456h agoThe human brain's functional networks have a specific organization and coordination that develops from birth, with networks showing convergent and divergent spatial alignments that relate to neurobiological attributes and predict cognitive outcomes.
456h agoGABA released from DD motor neurons inhibits embryo motion before most nerve ring synapses form, through both synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms.
456h agoA panel of neuronal surface markers, including Nrxn2 and Pirt, enables effective isolation and enrichment of sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia.
456h agoPersonality-like traits in fruit flies are shaped by social, sexual, and physiological conditions, and can be grouped into four main identities: exploration, social investment, avoidance, and aggression.
456h agoThe protein Arc, located in the nucleus, regulates the transcription of GluA1 through PML, affecting homeostatic plasticity.
460h agoThe ventral hippocampus helps control impulsive behavior by sending signals to the nucleus accumbens, and disrupting this circuit increases impulsive action in males.
460h agoLower heart rate variability is associated with higher white-matter lesion volume, a marker of brain degeneration, in both young and old adults.
460h agoUnique and stable functional brain maps are present at birth, and they predict cognitive, language, and motor outcomes in 18-month-old babies.
460h agoInhibiting the AGTR1 receptor protects human midbrain dopamine neurons from degeneration and reduces the buildup of abnormal proteins, making it a promising strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
464h agoThe length of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system is determined by the diameter of the axon they cover, and this process is controlled by the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1.
464h agoEnteroviruses cause muscle contraction loss in engineered human nerve and muscle cells, with different viruses targeting different cells and causing damage in distinct ways.
464h agoThe anteromedial part of the olfactory tubercle boosts pleasant reactions to sweet tastes, while the anterolateral part suppresses them.
464h agoHigher levels of Pavlovian bias are associated with treatment failures in smoking cessation, and this bias can undermine motivational effort to quit and increase the likelihood of relapse.
464h agoA cyclic inter-subject training approach with lightweight subject-specific adaptation improves electroencephalogram-based imagined speech decoding across individuals.
468h agoThe Disentangled Recurrent Neural Network (DisRNN) model improves the disentanglement and interpretability of neural population activity by assuming group-wise independence among latent dynamics.
468h agoThe RBTransformer model uses EEG signals to recognize human emotions more accurately by modeling the dynamic interactions between different brain regions.
468h agoThe frequency at which synchronized brain cells oscillate is linked to brain size, with larger brain networks oscillating slowly and smaller ones oscillating faster.
468h agoBrain fog in long COVID patients is caused by dysfunction in the right inferior insula, and stimulating this region with ultrasound can improve the associated cognitive impairment.
468h agoBrain network organization explains individual differences in language learning success, with certain networks contributing to overall learning and specific tasks.
468h agoDopamine facilitates movement within the Cortico-Striatal-Thalamo-Cortical loop by disinhibiting the thalamus and has a complex, region-specific effect on signal-to-noise ratio.
468h agoDecoded Neurofeedback simulation framework, DecNefLab, enables researchers to model, analyze, and understand neurofeedback dynamics, and design more robust protocols.
468h agoA novel brain modeling approach called Topology Hierarchical Derived Brain Autoregressive Modeling (THD-BAR) captures both spatial and temporal dynamics of EEG signals, outperforming existing methods in large-scale pre-training and downstream tasks.
468h agoA simple EEG analysis tool accurately identifies term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who require therapeutic hypothermia, achieving 98% accuracy within 6 hours of birth.
468h agoQuantum models of consciousness can be grouped into three categories based on how quantum mechanics works in the brain, and these models offer ideas on how consciousness arises.
468h agoThe phase space transport in a two-dimensional stretched caldera potential shows channel imbalance, figure-eight transport loops, and complex mixed-channel chaotic regions for smaller directional bias.
468h agoTime-varying interactions disrupt oscillations in natural and man-made systems, but a new framework using coupling functions can analyze, assess, and control this oscillation quenching.
468h agoDispersive shock waves are generated in physical settings such as optical waveguide arrays and superfluids confined within optical lattices, and can be modeled using a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a periodic potential.
468h agoThe nonlinear oscillator with a time-dependent coefficient has an exact quadratic invariant that constrains its dynamics to a smooth surface in phase space if the coefficient follows a specific form.
468h agoMultiscale synergy is a design principle that produces new behaviors in systems with different characteristic scales, and a new framework programs this synergy to create emergent phenomena, such as novel spectra, transport, and topology.
468h agoLight launched into any input port of a specially designed nonlinear array universally channels into a tightly localized ground state due to the interplay between lattice structure and nonlinear Hamiltonian components.
468h agoThe Gross-Pitaevskii model reveals a theory of strong turbulence in two-dimensional systems with both repulsive and attractive interactions, showing that attraction is enhanced and repulsion is suppressed by collective effects.
468h agoThe nonlinear extension of the J-matrix method reveals that a bifurcation with two stable solutions occurs at certain energy values for nonlinearities such as cubic and quintic interactions.
468h agoTurbulence has both deterministic and stochastic properties, with repeatable patterns forming from identical random perturbations and a non-identical component from natural noise growing to dominate the flow.
468h agoPolymers in turbulent flows change the transfer of energy, enstrophy, and helicity across different scales, depleting the nonlinear energy cascade at smaller scales and providing alternative routes for transfer that depend on the Deborah number.
468h agoClassical Yang-Mills theories have exact structures that resemble integrability, with an infinite number of conserved charges, and two novel symmetries that generate an infinite-dimensional group.
468h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β shows properties of quantum chaos, and its moduli space volumes follow a Mirzakhani-like recursion, interpolating between orientable and unorientable manifolds.
468h agoThe Jordanian deformation of the AdS5 × S5 superstring results in a unique supergravity deformation with constant dilaton, and its integrable spin chain formulation reveals a non-trivially deformed ground state that matches classical string results.
468h agoPhysical Neural Networks improve computational performance by using a layer-by-layer time-multiplexing scheme called ReLaX-Net, which efficiently reuses parameters with only minor modifications to conventional PNNs.
468h agoSelective random defects can induce a topological transition in electron systems on a lattice, and can also smoothly connect the topological properties of different lattice systems.
468h agoThe charge carrier mobility in QD solids strongly depends on the electric field due to the slow relaxation associated with the disorder-broadened density of localized states.
468h agoMultiscale synergy is a design principle that produces new behaviors in systems with different characteristic scales, and a new framework programs this synergy to create emergent phenomena, such as novel spectra, transport, and topology.
468h agoThe study investigates sound quanta in simple liquids at low temperatures and finds that the liquids have emergent non-interacting elementary excitations with phonon-like dispersion relations and additional excitations with gapped dispersion relations.
468h agoA discontinuous percolation transition occurs in a bipartite network as nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, resulting in a single macroscopic cluster with a finite fraction of nodes.
468h agoThe phase diagram of a neural network can help choose the best hyperparameters for stochastic gradient descent by identifying three distinct phases with different weight matrix dynamics.
468h agoThe training trajectories of deep and linear neural networks evolve on a low-dimensional manifold in the space of probability distributions, controlled by the decay rate of input correlation matrix eigenvalues, the scale of ground-truth output, and the number of gradient descent steps.
468h agoThe attention-indexed model captures how token-level outputs emerge from interactions over high-dimensional embeddings in deep attention layers, allowing for closed-form predictions of generalization error and identifying phase transitions in learning.
468h agoDNA-bead networks can perform complex computing tasks, and directed evolution can optimize their performance by finding the best network configurations.
468h agoSymmetry breaking in Mie-resonant metasurfaces can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, and it opens new electromagnetic coupling channels for polarization conversion.
468h agoA multimode random laser model with nonlinear interactions and a realistic gain-saturation constraint exhibits a spin-glass transition, preserving glassy behavior while preventing intensity condensation.
472h agoA new neural network framework, Fermionic Antisymmetric Spatio-Temporal Network, solves the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for complex fermionic systems, enabling accurate simulation of long-time dynamics in quantum systems.
472h agoThree neural mechanisms differentiate left-hand from right-hand drawing in right-handed adults: a left hemisphere system for bimanual control, increased engagement of a contralateral system for left-hand drawing, and an interhemispheric circuit for tool use for right-hand drawing.
472h agoDirectional neural information flow between cortical regions supports successive stages of speech processing, with excitatory flows emerging from sensory cortices and propagating to higher-order regions, and then becoming bidirectional as speech processing develops.
472h agoA tandem deep-learning approach allows for high-speed and quantitative metabolic profiling in live neuronal cells, revealing distinct metabolic adaptations among cell types under physiological and pathological conditions.
472h agoAstrocyte activity and behavior depend on the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway, and its deletion in astrocytes leads to enhanced calcium signaling, synapse dysfunction, and elevated anxiety.
472h agoThe brain organizes natural categories in a complex way, with category information distributed across multiple continuous axes that reflect both low-level acoustic and higher-level semantic structure.
472h agoExpectations and sensory input are processed by two separate systems during balance control, one driven by top-down expectations and the other by actual sensory input.
472h agoMotor neuron electrophysiology predicts the physiological identity of mouse motor units, with four main types identified: slow, fast fatigue-resistant, intermediate, and fast fatigable.
472h agoB2 SINE RNA is expressed differently in male and female hippocampal neurons and plays a role in their development in a sex-dependent manner.
472h agoThe brain uses distinct but interacting mechanisms to learn multisensory associations, engaging separate networks for structure-based, reward-based, and outcome-surprise computations.
472h agoA dopamine circuit in the Drosophila mushroom body regulates locomotor initiation and termination by combining past locomotor experience and current motivation.
472h agoCUSP, a deep learning framework, accurately detects complex spikes in cerebellar Purkinje cells, achieving expert-level performance and outperforming existing methods in robustness and accuracy.
472h agoPeople make better decisions when choosing from a moderately sized set of options, and brain activity in areas responsible for decision making and control changes with the size and complexity of the choice set.
472h agoMitoFlare, a new probe, enables continuous visualization of mitochondrial oxidative activation and turnover, revealing that mitophagy proceeds through distinct, redox-regulated and lysosome-dependent phases.
472h agoMitochondrial calcium flux drives oligodendrocyte regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and repopulation after demyelination.
472h agoThe insulin degrading enzyme idr-1 and the RNA-binding protein rbm-42 regulate dendrite regeneration by acting in a conserved signaling cascade that couples injury-induced nuclear export of RNA binding proteins to local regulation.
476h agoTraumatic brain injury triggers the formation of abnormal tau oligomers in the brain, which may spread and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
476h agoThe TVB-Optim library enables direct optimization of thousands of brain network model parameters, allowing for large-scale personalized brain models.
476h agoScopolamine causes age- and sex-specific deficits in visual associative learning in marmosets, which can be detected using a home-cage testing system with trial-level analysis.
476h agoKappa opioid receptors are expressed mainly in excitatory projection neurons in the claustrum, while other opioid receptors are expressed in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
476h agoDNMT1 regulates the stability of cortical networks by controlling PV interneuron function, which in turn affects glial cells and extracellular matrix, and disruptions to this process lead to depression- and anxiety-like behavior.
476h agoAAGGG expansions in RFC1 cause adult-onset ataxia and sensory neuropathy by reducing RFC1 expression, impairing its function, and increasing sensitivity to DNA damage.
476h agoNeuregulin-1 plays a critical role in adult cortical repair by promoting structural connectivity, motor recovery, and axonal outgrowth through its intracellular domain signaling.
476h agoNGF binding to TrkA drives both neurotrophic signaling essential for neuronal development and survival, and peripheral pain, but a human NGF variant, NGFpainless, retains neurotrophic effects without triggering pain.
476h agoAstrocytes have different levels of sodium within them and varying abilities to take up potassium, suggesting that they are functionally distinct and adapted to meet the needs of surrounding brain cells.
476h agoFc gamma receptor IIb facilitates alpha-synuclein propagation and neurotoxicity in vivo and is a potential therapeutic target against Parkinson's disease.
476h agoMultiPEC, a new data-driven method, discovers neural representations by identifying sets of signals that jointly reduce context prediction error, and it effectively captures fine-grained stimulus submodalities in both artificial and biological systems.
476h agop75NTR-dependent, myelin-mediated axonal degeneration regulates neural connectivity in the adult brain.
480h agoPiezo1 regulates drainage in meningeal lymphatic vessels and helps reduce excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulation.
480h agoTranslating optogenetic research into clinical practice involves challenges including clinical and pragmatic choices, potential toxicity and immune responses, regulatory issues, and ethical considerations.
480h agoAutism-like marmosets with prenatal valproic acid exposure show a distinct social interaction pattern with their partners, characterized by rapid responsiveness, heightened gaze reactivity, and reduced tolerance for close spacing.
480h agoThe endothelial PRMT5-ANGPTL4 axis regulates cerebellar inhibitory circuitry and motor function by controlling the development of inhibitory synapses onto Purkinje cells.
480h agoPersonalized EEG neurofeedback, guided by deep neural networks, enhances cognitive performance in older adults after a few sessions.
480h agoA 3D convolutional neural network trained on T1-weighted MRI scans accurately identifies early Parkinson's Disease with 84.5% accuracy and reveals changes in brain regions connected to symptom progression.
480h agoA deep probabilistic spiking neural network extracts discriminative features from EEG signals associated with auditory attention through a balance of moderate inhibition, intermediate synchronization, sparse connectivity, and synaptic pruning.
480h agoVisual cortical hyperactivity, particularly in the parvocellular pathway, is a reliable and generalizable pattern related to high trait anxiety, and it is underpinned by disrupted excitation-inhibition modulation.
480h agoInferential models in psychophysics quantify how physical stimulus properties relate to perceptual representations, and can be analyzed using a two-level approach or hierarchical models in R.
480h agoChronic cervical vibration improves depression-like behaviors in rats with treatment-resistant depression.
480h agoMetaplasticity in the thresholds for long-term potentiation and long-term depression allows synaptic plasticity to be properly expressed, enabling learning of linear and nonlinear feature binding problems by protecting and persistently changing synapses.
480h agoThe rewarding effects of methamphetamine in adolescent mice are sex- and strain-dependent, with female C57Bl/6 mice and male 129Sv/Ev mice showing increased sensitivity to the drug.
480h agoThe protein p62 forms different structures with ubiquitin in neurons and astrocytes in response to various cellular stresses.
480h agoCannabidiol treatment delays or eliminates seizures and extends lifespan in a mouse model of CLN2 disease, a rare pediatric neurodegenerative disorder.
480h agoAligning electrocorticography data into a shared space improves how large language models predict brain activity during language comprehension.
484h agoTau pathology in spinal neurons contributes to early tactile deficits in Alzheimer’s disease, linking sensory dysfunction to cognitive decline.
488h agoNeural populations in the parietal cortex reflect the parallel processes of forming a decision and confidence in that decision.
488h agoA large dataset of neural recordings shows that brain areas in mice encode movement in a rich and structured way during both instructed and uninstructed movements.
488h agoA new model, called stochastic quantum neural networks, combines principles of quantum computing and neuroscience to better capture the complexity of the biological brain.
492h agoGlimpse Prediction Networks learn unified scene representations by predicting the next glimpse in a scene, capturing co-occurrence structure, spatial arrangement, and aligning with human brain responses.
492h agoInteroception and exteroception are integrated within a unified predictive coding framework, where the brain combines internal and external feedback through parallel hierarchical systems that exchange prediction errors, with the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex governing the balance between them.
492h agoA proposed probabilistic model predicts how neural activity in visual processing is influenced by both external stimuli and internal brain states, and it outperforms existing models in capturing neuronal responses.
492h agoBraInCoRL uses in-context learning to accurately predict voxelwise neural responses from a few examples, generalizing to new subjects and stimuli without needing large-scale fMRI datasets.
492h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
492h agoA novel paradigm of emergent local memory demonstrates how local learning constraints can produce topologically protected memories and generate human language through self-organizing dynamics, revealing that words arise from emergent symbolic order.
492h agoA new generalization of the Sundman transformation is presented, which helps derive solutions to ordinary differential equations and study their properties, particularly for the nonlinear Nobre--Reigo-Monteiro--Tsallis Schrödinger equation.
492h agoThe sequences of coefficient functions in KP wave functions and their images under the bispectral involution are almost bi-orthogonal with respect to the Hermite product.
492h agoIncreasing the frequency difference between oscillators can facilitate synchronization in coupled-oscillator systems where some oscillators are damaged and have lost their autonomous oscillations.
492h agoSpace-time modulated systems, such as cantilevers with electromagnets, can produce different types of breathers, including time crystals with no entropy production, across a wide range of frequencies.
492h agoTwin-wire laser directed energy deposition using two fine wires achieves optimal stability and uniform mixing with a liquid bridge transition mode, reducing dimensional fluctuations by 85% and enhancing compositional homogeneity.
492h agoThe geometry and orientation of Nambu surfaces determine the appearance of wings in chaotic attractors.
492h agoChanges in swarmalator dynamics are governed by changes in the system's topology, which can be understood through a topological framework that uses topological charge and helicity.
492h agoImproved physics-informed neural network approaches, including adaptive and conservative methods, provide accurate solutions to the regularized long wave equation, but their effectiveness depends on the specific problem being solved.
492h agoThe spectral duality between the classical XXX spin chain and the trigonometric Gaudin model remains in the large N limit.
492h agoA double flip bifurcation occurs in Hamiltonian systems when two Hamiltonian flip bifurcations happen simultaneously, connected by a curve of singular points, as a result of changing two parameters.
492h agoExternal driving can increase long-range correlations in systems with superconducting correlations but no long-range order, and the effect depends on the ratio of the drive frequency to the intrinsic relaxation rate.
492h agoA biological control strategy targeting aquatic mosquitoes can stabilize and steer their population density through feedback and feedforward control laws.
492h agoLiving systems have a finite capacity to generate and sustain life-associated dynamics, defined as non-equilibrium capacity (NEC), which is inevitably lost over time.
492h agoThe study constructs exact analytical solutions to the three-dimensional stationary equations of a polytropic gas using symmetry methods.
492h agoA new theoretical model for active matter reveals that the interplay of positional and orientational order in mobile agents leads to distinct phases, including stable patterns, complex topological defects, and active turbulence, depending on anisotropy and system size.
492h agoThe discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation with competing powers has intrinsic localized modes that can be classified by codes, which determine their stability, with codes for larger states of the same sign being stable and codes for smaller states of alternating signs being unstable.
492h agoNonlinear changes can be sudden and difficult to predict, and understanding how to prevent harmful shifts and promote desirable ones requires integrating research on regime shifts and transformations.
492h agoThe Ehrenfest theorem needs to be modified to accurately describe the motion of a quantum particle in a potential box, as it is affected by an effective force from the box edges and nonlinearity.
492h agoThe double kicked top model exhibits exact quantum recurrences and dynamical quantum phase transitions when its parameters are tuned to specific values.
492h agoSimple fluidic elements can collectively create, shape, and transport information through the generation and regulation of solitary waves in active flow networks.
492h agoA certain number of measurements guarantees accurate reconstruction of a chaotic system's trajectory from sparse data, specifically at least the dimension of the system's inertial manifold for local observability and at least twice that dimension plus one for global observability.
492h agoThe equi-M sets in two-dimensional Complex Quadratic Networks have limitations and a complex relationship with periodic attractors, with their boundary only closely tracking the period-1 pseudo-bulb near its main cusp.
492h agoA new method allows for the exact calculation of degree growth for lattice equations, extending Halburd's method to enable accurate and rigorous computation of degree iterates.
492h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem analysis shows that the asymptotic behavior of high-genus Korteweg-de Vries soliton gases can be categorized into five distinct regions in the x-t plane.
492h agoThe poles of certain rational solutions of the fifth Painlev\'e equation asymptotically fill a region bounded by analytic arcs when the degree of the polynomial tau function tends to infinity.
492h agoThe five-dimensional Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model with electromagnetic induction and a switchable memristive autapse shows global asymptotic stability of synchronization between two diffusively coupled neurons.
492h agoThe addition of polymers to a turbulent flow changes its dynamics, exhibiting a multiscaling energy spectrum and slowing down the fluid's non-linear cascade, with polymer dissipation being less intermittent than fluid dissipation.
492h agoChemotactic aggregation happens through a balance of density fluxes and reactive turnover, leading to both stable and dynamic aggregates that emerge through a process linked to phase separation and reaction-diffusion patterns.
492h agoChemotactic aggregates behave like phase-separating droplets, with their long-time dynamics driven by self-amplifying mass transport and aggregate coalescence, leading to coarsening in both diffusion- and reaction-limited regimes.
492h agoA minimizing compact, consisting of critical trajectories of a quadratic differential, exists within each connectivity class of a family of continua in the upper half-plane, and provides the soliton condensate of least average intensity for a given anchor set.
492h agoBlack hole quasi-normal modes and greybody factors have stability properties that can be indicated by Korteweg-de Vries conserved quantities, which help identify instabilities in the black hole spectrum.
492h agoCoupled Kerr parametric oscillators can simulate an Ising Hamiltonian and estimate its ground state using a Boltzmann sampling measurement.
492h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
492h agoNew representations for the Jost solutions of the AKNS system are obtained, allowing for a simple and efficient method to solve direct and inverse scattering problems.
492h agoKdV integrals serve as valuable indicators for detecting instabilities in Black Hole Quasi-Normal Modes and Greybody Factors.
492h agoHigh penalties and light penalties are effective at suppressing crime, while intermediate penalty levels are less effective, and the success of penalties depends on the interaction between population sizes, demographic noise, and initial conditions.
492h agoThe hyperbolic approximation of the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation conserves important invariants and is effectively discretized using asymptotic-preserving numerical methods that preserve energy.
492h agoThe agent-based model shows that an intermediate level of rationality in decision-making leads to the best collective outcomes in vaccination behavior during epidemics.
492h agoThe charge carrier localization length, which influences electronic conductivity, can be determined by measuring conductivity at different temperatures and electric fields in conjugated polymers.
492h agoNon-Hermitian criticality emerges in systems with stochastic lattice bond orientation, leading to anomalously scaling complex spectra and system size-dependent amplification rate.
492h agoThe interplay between nonreciprocity, quasiperiodicity, and power-law exponent gives rise to a variety of phase transitions and localization phenomena in a generalized Aubry-André-Harper model.
492h agoA multimode random laser model with nonlinear interactions and a realistic gain saturation constraint exhibits a spin-glass transition with characteristics matching the mean-field Random Energy Model universality class.
492h agoThe density of complex resonance poles in a one-dimensional disordered sample can be evaluated using an analytic approach that links the density of resonances to the distribution of the reflection coefficient at complex energies.
492h agoThe ground state wavefunction of a particle in a one-dimensional square well coupled to Dirac delta-like scattering centers becomes localized, with increasing localization as coupling increases.
492h agoA rank-one signal corrupted by sparse noise can be recovered via its top eigenvector when the signal strength exceeds a critical threshold.
492h agoThe effective temperature concept applies to quantum dot solids, where an increase in field-driven conductivity reflects an actual increase in electronic temperature.
492h agoThe interaction between light and matter in one-dimensional electronic systems enables a method to accurately extract the strength of electron-photon coupling from transmittance spectra.
492h agoA neural network framework called Fermionic Antisymmetric Spatio-Temporal Network solves the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for complex fermionic systems, enabling accurate simulation of long-time dynamics in quantum systems.
492h agoThe liquid-liquid transition in high-pressure hydrogen is always supercritical above the melting temperature.
492h agoNon-Hermitian and quasiperiodic coupled systems exhibit a novel localization phenomenon called Anderson-Skin dualism, where localized Anderson modes transform into skin modes with dual characteristics of localization and skin effects under different boundary conditions.
492h agoThe vectorial extension of the Hopfield model uses 3D vectors and special synaptic connections to create an energy landscape with deep minima for stored patterns, resulting in improved storage and retrieval performance compared to the classical binary Hopfield model.
492h agoA new method computes accurate real-space maps of local spectral operators in tight-binding models, even in the presence of strong spatial fluctuations.
492h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
492h agoThe winding number of a parametrized non-Hermitian random matrix field exhibits universal features in the large-dimension limit, with a new correction term identified beyond the previously studied Ginibre case.
492h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) specializes in value-based decisions and does not play a major role in perceptual decisions.
492h agoOrganisms focus on important stimuli to survive and reproduce by ignoring constant or repeated sensory inputs through habituation, a process that helps them respond strongly to new stimuli.
492h agoThe neural representation of individual memories encodes not just the memorized feature, but also its uncertainty, including variance and asymmetry, which predicts memory behavior.
492h agoChewing rhythmically improves cognitive performance by synchronizing brain rhythms, specifically by increasing theta power and cross-frequency coupling between motor output and neural oscillations.
492h agoConcurrently fitting the hemodynamic response function within population receptive field models improves the accuracy of estimates and reveals differences in brain response between areas.
492h agoHumans extract syntactic structure from short sentences within a fraction of a second, and words, phrases, and sentences are processed through similar stages, with the brain detecting global form first and then analyzing combinatory properties.
492h agoThe anterior ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex compute subjective value signals that guide choice without needing conscious awareness.
492h agoMental fatigue is linked to a decrease in alpha power, indicating desynchronization in brain activity associated with sustained attentional demand.
496h agoMiddle-aged adults with normal hearing thresholds have diminished neural synchrony and increased listening effort due to degraded neural encoding of temporal fine structure cues.
496h agoThe visual system represents object outlines based on points of high information content, rather than just regions of extreme curvature.
496h agoPsilocybin induces a composite neural state made of multiple co-occurring processes that affect brain connectivity and cognitive performance.
496h agoThalamic input and cortical cell-adhesion codes work together to establish functional sensory modalities in the brain by specifying and refining sensory identity in the primary somatosensory and visual cortices.
496h agoSensory processing during wakefulness generates sleep need by exciting specific neurons that promote sleep, which then activate a feedback loop to stabilize sleep through a neural filter.
496h agoError recognition helps people adapt their behavior when things go wrong, and brain activity in the anterior insula and prefrontal cortex enables a brain-computer interface to self-correct and work more smoothly.
496h agoExposure to micro- and nano-plastic particles worsens Parkinson's Disease symptoms in a fruit fly model by interacting with genetic risk factors that affect mitochondrial function.
496h agoMislocalisation of the protein TDP-43 to the cytoplasm of neurons or oligodendrocytes leads to axon degeneration and reduced myelination, with loss of TDP-43 function in neurons and disrupted oligodendrocyte function contributing to neurodegeneration.
500h agoBalancing excitation and inhibition in neurons allows neural activity to reach a critical state, generating neuronal avalanches, while an imbalance disrupts this state.
500h agoThe brain uses distinct computational mechanisms to localize touch and body position, with tactile and proprioceptive localization relying on different prior expectations about spatial location.
500h agoThe preview effect, a stronger neural response to changes in visual input after eye movements, depends on active vision and cannot be explained by classical or spatiotopic adaptation.
500h agoA computational model shows that action selection in cluttered environments is a weighted combination of individual control policies for target approach and obstacle avoidance.
500h agoThe human brain represents 3D layout information through separate processing of boundary distance and orientation, with distance encoded in early visual areas and orientation in higher visual areas, and this processing is influenced by navigation tasks.
500h agoThe Wormtrails python package creates images and videos that show the motion of C. elegans nematodes on solid media by converting darkfield or brightfield images into stills or movies with color-coded time.
500h agoCochleaNet, a deep learning-based framework, analyzes volumetric imaging data to comprehensively map the molecular anatomy and physiology of the cochlea, enabling rapid and reliable quantification of cochlear structure and gene therapy outcomes.
504h agoThe brain's directed network architecture forms a hierarchical organization that underlies its temporal irreversibility, with a comprehensive network of forward and backward interactions that strengthen in brain states approaching criticality.
504h agoThe lateral and medial subregions of the human amygdala have distinct roles in processing fearful expressions, with the lateral subregion detecting fear early and the medial subregion encoding face-specific information later.
504h agoThe intestine's different cell types have their own internal clocks that can be set by feeding schedules, but they respond to these schedules in distinct ways.
504h agoShuffleNet delivered the highest performance in classifying potato leaf diseases with 99% accuracy, outperforming other lightweight convolutional neural network models.
504h agoOdor identity in the early olfactory system is represented through two complementary coding strategies: the primacy code, which uses the most sensitive odorant receptors, and the order code, which uses the temporal order of glomerular activation.
504h agoPeople track prior interference from different dimensions to selectively focus their attention by rapidly suppressing distracting information, and proactive control helps make this suppression process more efficient.
504h agoDopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are vulnerable to Parkinson's disease because their high energy demands push them to a tipping point where even small disruptions can cause a collapse in energy, unlike similar neurons in the ventral tegmental area which are more resilient.
504h agoIncreased cognitive load compromises proactive visual search, disrupting gait planning and leading to a more inefficient walking strategy in healthy young adults.
504h agoA new automated pipeline called MORPH2DIAG analyzes brain images to identify subtypes of neurodegenerative patterns and accurately classifies them using machine learning, providing a reproducible foundation for MRI-based morphometric profiling.
504h agoFeedback reorganizes neural representations in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, transforming learning into memory retrieval by changing neural geometry through rhythmic coordination.
504h agoSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling regulates alcohol drinking, and S1P receptor agonists, including fingolimod, ozanimod, and CYM5442, reduce alcohol consumption in rodent models.
504h agoThe brain encodes a language-independent internal model for meaning, allowing it to understand and express similar concepts in multiple languages.
504h agoFunctional connectivity between neurons varies within brain states, with Non-REM sleep containing periods of inter-areal integration comparable to wakefulness and REM sleep.
504h agoSpatial biology technologies reveal how molecular and cellular organization drives function and disease by enabling high-dimensional profiling within intact tissues. or The spatial biology pipeline generates whole-transcriptome and protein measurements from tissue sections and resolves spatially distinct molecular domains in Alzheimer's disease and other conditions. The second sentence is more direct in reporting the main findings, ideas or summary, hence it is more suitable.
504h agoThe stimulus-selective stopping task shows that responses to an "ignore signal" are a mix of normal responses and responses to a special ignore signal.
504h agoCross-frequency coupling, especially delta-theta-gamma coupling, operates cooperatively in the brainstem to integrate rhythmic interactions across multiple frequency bands, supporting large-scale homeostatic regulation and adaptive whole-body responses.
504h agoSingle-cell profiling reveals that oligodendrocyte lineage cells respond to multiple disease stages in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by activating immune genes and showing subtype-specific responses.
512h agoTechnical metrics used to evaluate medical artificial intelligence tools often do not predict their clinical impact, so a new framework is proposed to guide their translation into clinical use.
512h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) encodes errors and perceptual difficulty to estimate confidence in high-level rule switches, allowing for hierarchical reasoning.
512h agoRhythmic control of language and music relies on similar brain regions that can flexibly reconfigure to support precise timing in producing sequences.
512h agoThe primary cilia of principal neurons in the cerebral cortex orient towards the pia in sparse, inside-out laminated regions, but perpendicular to the laminae in compact regions, suggesting that cilia orientation changes as cortical evolution progresses.
512h agoA division of labor between distinct visuomotor and perceptual pathways emerges in a neural network trained to classify and grasp 3D objects, reflecting task-driven specialization rather than pre-existing architecture.
512h agoMedium spiny neurons in the primate striatum have diverse subtypes with distinct molecular features that are linked to movement, cognition, emotion, and disease mechanisms.
512h agoHabit formation in primates correlates with lower control energy required to transition between brain states during sequential behavior.
516h agoA universal theorem shows that sensory information follows a law similar to the second law of thermodynamics, predicting that any closed cycle of stimulation yields a non-negative net gain of sensory information.
516h agoA model of perceptual decision making that combines sensory encoding and Bayesian decoding of neural activity accurately reproduces key patterns of human choices and response times.
516h agoInteractions among simple agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing groups to exhibit coordinated responses to environmental changes and encode information that individual agents cannot access.
516h agoA novel brain-computer interface framework that combines EEG and EMG signals accurately classifies four Mandarin tones under both audible and silent speech conditions with minimal channels.
516h agoThe mu-opioid and anesthetic activation of the medial habenula and interpeduncular nucleus induces unawareness and slows down respiration, and this circuit promotes slow-wave sleep, memory replay, and rest by activating serotonin and inhibiting awareness and arousal.
516h agoInteractions among simple agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing groups to exhibit coordinated responses to environmental changes and encode information that individual agents cannot access.
516h agoThe integrable bootstrap program expresses multipoint functions of the Sinh-Gordon quantum field theory as explicit series that satisfy all Wightman axioms, pending proof of series convergence.
516h agoThe Ising model's phase transitions on random graphs are determined by the eigenvalues of the kernel operator associated with the graph limit.
516h agoThe competition between sellers in over-the-counter fresh product markets self-regulates over time, constraining prices and clientele volumes to bounded ranges and generating oscillatory behaviors that prevent any one seller from dominating permanently.
516h agoA comprehensive analysis pipeline for photon-count time series reveals a coherent hierarchy of dynamical regimes in ultra-weak photon emission from living systems, separating trivial statistics from structured long-range organization.
516h agoA new class of continuous-time recurrent neural networks, based on Hopfield-like associative memories, offers a mathematical formalism to characterize fluctuations in nonequilibrium dynamics, allowing direct computation of macroscopic observables, entropy, and entropy dissipation.
516h agoQuantum limit cycles become apparent through quantum trajectories conditioned on measurement outcomes, and they behave similarly to classical limit cycles subject to noise.
516h agoThe Jordanian deformed AdS5 × S5 string and its spin chain counterpart remain solvable, with the complete spectrum obtainable within the Baxter framework despite a nontrivially modified structure of Q-functions.
516h agoLaser resonances can exhibit irregular oscillations due to nonlinear effects, similar to the behavior of Van der Pol oscillators, and are influenced by nonlinearity, damping, and quantum fluctuations.
516h agoDigital Memcomputing machines explore their phase space efficiently and find solutions quickly when their physical parameters are set well, but not when their memories evolve too fast.
516h agoA new class of continuous-time recurrent neural networks, based on Hopfield-like associative memories, offers a mathematical formalism to characterize fluctuations in nonequilibrium dynamics, allowing direct computation of macroscopic observables, entropy, and entropy dissipation.
516h agoLead magnesium niobate (PMN) relaxor has a stable Nb-rich sublattice and a dominant Nb cluster that percolates the lattice, preventing large space charges.
516h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor of size k with the maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor of size N.
516h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in the Anderson model of localization exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and are delocalized in the metallic phase.
516h agoDephasing noise causes a phase transition in topological insulators between nontrivial and trivial topological phases at a finite strength, showing the robustness of these insulators.
516h agoDisordered systems, like sheared amorphous solids, can self-organize into a complex response to a changing environment, allowing them to sense and adapt to their surroundings.
516h agoThe PIANO framework integrates large and complex single-cell genomics datasets with improved speed and accuracy by correcting for unwanted sources of variation.
520h agoBrief therapeutic stimulation during DBS surgery changes brain activity in a way that lasts for at least a month, and new measures of brain dynamics can distinguish between patients with low and high depression scores.
520h agoThe right inferior parietal lobule is causally involved in orientation processing, not in time perception, according to a study using transcranial static magnetic stimulation.
520h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) encodes relative stimulus preference through inhibition of its pyramidal neurons, guiding social choice by dynamically evaluating competing options.
520h agoA new zebrafish model allows for the observation of interactions between immune cells and blood vessels after brain injury, providing insights into chronic neuroinflammatory disease.
520h agoDance training increases sensitivity of the initial cortical response to balance perturbation, allowing dancers to better align their posture to an objective reference.
520h agoAlpha-synuclein pathology in the locus coeruleus disrupts neurochemical balance, causes cognitive decline, and leads to long-lasting consequences in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
520h agoThe analysis of spontaneous otoacoustic emission (SOAE) phase reveals complementary information about ear function, showing that otocoherence, a measure of phase consistency, varies across species and correlates with auditory nerve fiber tuning.
520h agoBimanual performance is related to brain structure differently in younger and older adults, with brain's white-matter integrity and cortical balance linked to efficient bimanual control in young adults but not in older adults.
520h agoInhibitory neurons in the brainstem help regulate postural reflexes by modulating the activity of excitatory vestibulospinal neurons, which generate commands to activate spinal networks.
520h agoNoise exposure causing temporary hearing loss leads to changes in cochlear structures, including enlargement of ribbons in hair cells, in macaque monkeys.
520h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation increases corticospinal excitability, but only when measured during active stimulation, and this effect is not correlated with changes in pupil size.
524h agoScientists have developed a new compound, UCM-A86, that selectively enhances the activity of GluN3-containing NMDA receptors, a type of receptor that plays distinct roles in neuronal development and synapse maturation.
524h agoMAPL3 pipeline captures brain-wide axonal projections and enables analysis of brain circuitry from single axons to whole-brain projectome.
524h agoThe brain encodes the number of objects in a scene rapidly and directly from the visual image, and then transforms this information through a hierarchical process to create a finely tuned, number-specific code.
524h agoThe type of deep learning model and method used to assess brain connectivity affect the accuracy of predicting cognitive task presence over time.
524h agoThe estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) gene helps regulate excessive alcohol drinking and seeking, and acts as a potential therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder.
524h agoDeleting DOR from PV interneurons reduces the convulsant and anxiolytic effects of DOR agonists, but not their locomotor stimulating effects.
524h agoBipolar disorder is linked to changes in brain microstructure and function, which may contribute to emotional state transitions from depression to anxiety.
524h agoT4 and T5 neurons, which encode different motion directions in the visual pathway, have dendrites that follow closely aligned morphological patterns, suggesting shared developmental constraints and mechanisms.
524h agoThe Turbulent Brain toolbox offers a framework to study brain dynamics in healthy and pathological states, allowing researchers to explore mechanisms across brain states and neurological disorders.
524h agoChronic fentanyl use changes the neuroimmune state and helps remove amyloid plaques in a model of Alzheimer's disease by enabling microglia to enhance amyloid clearance.
524h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound modulates neuronal dynamics through a hybrid mechanism, engaging both direct and indirect components depending on the stimulation site, to influence cortical circuits.
536h agoBrain regions in the limbic system predict how people respond to stress with cortisol, while regions in the medial prefrontal cortex shape how they feel during stressful events.
536h agoAstrocyte calcium activity responds rapidly to locomotion, progressing through four phases: new events emerge, merge into a superevent, fragment, and produce an afterburst.
536h agoDownregulation of protocadherin-8 disrupts neuronal migration, morphology, and proliferation in the developing mouse cortex, linking it to cortical development defects and human brain pathology.
536h agoA new learning principle called Hetlearn helps animals adapt to changing environments by learning to predict events without needing to understand their causes.
560h agoRetinitis pigmentosa causes complex, region-specific retinal remodeling and reduces fiber density in optic tracts and radiations, suggesting trans-synaptic degeneration along visual pathways.
560h agoMultitasking involves shared cognitive processes across interference conditions, and trial-level sequences of these processes predict behavioral differences in reaction time and accuracy.
560h agoMice switch between context-specific decision strategies while foraging by reconfiguring neural circuits in the brain, which allows them to make flexible decisions in different environments.
560h agoThe relative phase of membrane potential theta oscillations across neurons shifts depending on spatial position, revealing a consistent coding of space between neurons.
560h agoRemyelination efficiency declines with age because changes in gene regulation disrupt the normal process of oligodendrocyte differentiation, leading to progressive disability in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis.
560h agoImpaired energy metabolism in the thalamocortical circuitry may cause neuropsychiatric symptoms, and a ketogenic diet may help alleviate these symptoms.
564h agoMarmosets use a network of brain areas that is sensitive to context to evaluate the temporal structure of vocal sequences.
564h agoSchizophrenia-associated genes in microglia modulate phagocytic activity and morphological properties, and have gene-specific transcriptional signatures that implicate divergent pathways related to phagocytic, activation, cytoskeletal, and lysosomal function.
564h agoExtracellular ATP and its receptor P2X7R drive early Alzheimer's disease pathology by causing neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal hyperactivity.
564h agoPhosphorylation of DNAJB6b at Y53 enhances its binding to Hsp70, leading to accumulation of tau aggregates, which may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
564h agoPARP controls calpain activity through PARG and TRPM2-induced calcium influx in photoreceptors, and inhibiting PARP with INO1001 may be more effective for treating inherited retinal degeneration than Olaparib.
564h agoPregnancy and parenthood cause changes in the human brain that can still be seen years later, with the brain changes of mothers and fathers partly overlapping, and the changes in mothers more closely linked to childbirth than to pregnancy itself.
564h agoTanycytes, a type of glial cell, actively engulf and remove excitatory synapses in the hypothalamus during a specific period after birth, which helps refine neural circuits controlling energy balance.
564h agoWorking memory modulates subjective perception, especially when the content in working memory is categorically different from the perceptual stimulus.
564h agoTwo efficient methods enable faster computation of topological surface states in photonic and acoustic systems, cutting memory and time use by up to 100-fold.
568h agoThe Shank3 gene plays a critical role in balancing and integrating emotional responses in the brain, and its deficiency leads to exaggerated emotional reactions.
568h agoExercise not only boosts neural growth factors but also modulates inhibitors of neural change, and changes in certain brain structures are linked to improved memory performance.
568h agoA new platform called MyeliMAP enables robust modeling of central nervous system myelination, allowing for the study of myelin formation, maturation, and function in human cells.
568h agoExtensive daily training and brief daily reminders produce similar performance enhancements in a visual texture discrimination task, but limited learning occurs without reminders.
568h agoThe colors of moving objects determine the properties of subjective color perception, which is generated by the brain's predictive learning mechanism associating color with motion patterns.
568h agoRho GTPase signaling in both the presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic muscles promotes neural circuit excitability and egg laying.
568h agoPorphyromonas gingivalis infection is present in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissue and reprograms glioma cells to become more invasive and immunosuppressive.
568h agomGluR5 regulates the activity of ON-bipolar cells through endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde signaling, affecting the gain of visual signal transmission from photoreceptors to ON-bipolar cells.
568h agoThe distribution of population responses in the primary visual cortex adjusts to the environment's statistical structure through coordinated changes in "silence" probability and response mean, following a one-dimensional pattern.
568h agoReconstituting functional porosomes into diseased cells repairs secretory defects and counters neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's by restoring neuronal function and reversing morphological and functional damage.
568h agoThe human stomach acts as a peripheral oscillator during sleep, with its infraslow rhythm modulations aligned with brain activity and predicting subjective sleep quality.
568h agoSuccessful navigation involves a sequence of planned actions marked by increased recruitment of surveillance and goal-oriented states at decision nodes, but Alzheimer's disease impairs navigation by reducing these states and altering gamma oscillations in the posterior parietal cortex.
568h agoOngoing activity of histaminergic neurons in the brain modulates the expression of reward-associative memory by influencing the brain's response to cues.
568h agoCommunity detection in functional brain networks works best with a likelihood-based method that selects around 11 communities in adults and 15 communities in infants and toddlers.
572h agoDrugs of abuse trigger DNA methylation changes in the brain, which can lead to long-lasting effects and influence vulnerability to substance use disorders.
572h agoThe time dilation effect caused by flickering stimuli does not seem to be modulated by the higher-level regions of the ventral visual stream.
572h agoThe GTF2I gene dosage affects social behavior and physiology in mice, with duplication leading to increased surface temperature and social anxiety-like behaviors, and deletion leading to decreased surface temperature and hyper-social-like behaviors.
576h agoIpsilateral somatosensory processing, not contralateral processing, contributes to tactile discrimination, and interhemispheric coordination plays a key role in perceptual decisions.
576h agoDelivering anti-TLR2 antibody genes using biodegradable nanoparticles produces sustained pain relief in mouse models of neuropathic pain by reducing inflammation.
576h agoHere is a single sentence summary: In Parkinson's disease, microglia and astrocytes respond to protein misfolding by upregulating chaperone protein folding functions and switching from immune receptor functions to protein aggregate clearance.
576h agoStimulant medications may attenuate ADHD-related cortical patterns, and nonstimulant medications show a similar, but weaker, effect.
576h agoInfarct size does not directly determine intestinal barrier dysfunction or bacterial translocation, but bacterial translocation is linked to intestinal and cerebral inflammation.
576h agoA novel surgical protocol creates a large, durable cranial window in mice, allowing repeated recordings from over 1,000 electrodes and unprecedented access to the Default Mode Network.
576h agoA new viral vector targets fast-spiking basket cell interneurons in the mouse hippocampus with high specificity, allowing for potential investigation and treatment of related neurological disorders.
576h agocuBNM, a Python package, accelerates simulations of brain network models by hundreds of times using graphics processing units, enabling efficient investigation of latent neural processes across large cohorts and complex models.
576h agoAutistic children have a specific deficit in multisensory processing, affecting early sensory encoding, attention, and coordination between brain regions.
584h agoThe centro-parietal positivity (CPP) serves as a domain-general signal of evidence accumulation across decisions based on both sensory input and long-term memory.
584h agoPeople with autism spectrum disorder process emotional faces differently, with a unique relationship between neuron density in the left amygdala and functional activity while processing emotional faces.
584h agoWorking memory capacity expands during early learning of a naturalistic skill and continues to strengthen with practice, even after overall performance has plateaued.
584h agoInhibiting oxytocin-expressing neurons at different stages of development has distinct and long-lasting effects on social behavior and metabolism in mice, varying by sex and timing of inactivation.
584h agoThe exposome, a person's complex environment, affects cognitive development in children by altering functional connectivity in the brain, which in turn relates to individual differences in cognitive performance.
584h agoAn adaptive brain-computer interface system using frequency-specific auditory stimulation increases alpha activity and decreases gamma activity in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome, enhancing cognitive readiness.
588h agoDynamic functional brain connectivity can be represented as an image that captures its changing network topology over time.
588h agoAnimals use past experiences to adapt future behavior by re-coding sensory inputs in neural structures, and plasticity within these structures plays a crucial role in associative learning.
588h agoResource limitations fundamentally alter optimal estimation strategies in biological systems, causing organisms to switch between memoryless and memory-based strategies depending on sensory reliability.
588h agoThe firing of individual neurons is highly coordinated and forms non-linear structures called neural manifolds, which may correspond to continuous attractors shaped by recurrent connectivity between neurons.
588h agoThe proposed Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) describes the planar spectrum of a holographic conformal field theory with specific global symmetry, and it leads to Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz equations that constrain the worldsheet S-matrix.
588h agoThe hyperbolic approximation of the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation is studied and asymptotic-preserving numerical methods are developed to conserve important invariants and preserve energy.
588h agoThe open string partition function on a local toric Calabi--Yau threefold is a tau-function of multi-component KP hierarchy.
588h agoA generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation accurately captures key properties of universal bound states in 2D attractive Bose systems and predicts the existence of universal excited states, including vortex configurations.
588h agoThe study's agent-based model explains how regret, uncertainty, and social norms interact to shape vaccination behavior during epidemics by capturing how individuals make probabilistic choices influenced by material payoffs, fear, trust, and social approval.
588h agoStochastic resonance in Mackey-Glass equations can occur in two forms: stable resonance with negative Lyapunov exponents and chaotic resonance with positive Lyapunov exponents.
588h agoMulti-lump waves in a new higher-dimensional water wave model are non-interacting and exhibit different geometrical patterns.
588h agoThermodynamic efficiency can be generalized to settings with multiple control parameters, and it relates to how well system parameters can be inferred from observable behavior or how difficult it is to navigate the statistical manifold.
588h agoThe reconnection processes of 3-solitons with 2-resonance produce stem structures that initially connect two pairs of V-shaped branches, then disappear, and re-emerge as new forms.
588h agoThe large N limit of spectral duality exists between rational Gaudin models, which corresponds to a 2d hydrodynamics on a torus described by a noncommutative torus algebra.
588h agoHigh-dimensional random dynamical systems exhibit chaotic and fixed point attractors, and their response to periodic perturbations shows synchronization only in specific regions of the frequency-amplitude spectrum.
588h agoThe study finds that skin effect driven localization and Anderson driven localization coexist in certain parameter regimes, even with large disorder present.
588h agoThe Holevo information measures reveal distinct phases in how quantum information is distributed between subsystems, with a sharp transition between exponential decay and linear growth with system size.
588h agoOrdinary lattice defects, such as vacancies and substitutions, can serve as probes of non-trivial topology in electronic Bloch bands and detect changes in the local topological environment.
588h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
588h agoDisorder in topological insulators triggers a quantum phase transition into a normal insulator, causing small droplets of normal insulators to form and eventually condense into a trivial insulator.
588h agoNeural networks with certain properties have an overlap gap that makes it hard to find two distinct sets of weights that assign the same labels to all data.
588h agoA new liquid theory for structural glasses reveals a space-dependent glass order parameter and predicts a non-trivial spatial profile within a confining cavity.
588h agoA general modeling framework unifies multisensory causal inference with optimal feedback control, allowing for dynamic interaction between perception and action in uncertain environments.
588h agoObserving touch influences how people perceive touch, with visual information enhancing the pleasantness and continuity of digitally delivered tactile stimuli, especially when the observed touch is similar to affective stroking.
588h agoSub-strain origin profoundly influences post-stroke intestinal barrier integrity, bacterial dissemination, and immune responses.
588h agoIncreased striato-striatal coupling, including synchrony, spectral power, and functional connectivity, occurs in the brain after a stroke, suggesting more involvement of subcortical areas in network reorganization than previously thought.
588h agomGluR1 increases the surface expression of Kv1.2 through a constitutively active, protein kinase A-dependent pathway, not through its known agonist-driven pathway.
588h agoSimple images of static paws analyzed by AI provide accurate detection of various physiological states, including postural changes associated with nerve injury, pain, aging, and genetic disorders.
588h agoDecoding human emotion states from neural activity helps improve human-computer interfaces, psychiatric diagnostics, and neuromodulation therapies. or High-performance decoding of human emotion states is achieved by integrating neural activity from grey and white matter. I changed it to a more direct and simple sentence. The original sentence was more of an introduction to the topic. Here is the final rewritten response: High-performance decoding of human emotion states is achieved by integrating neural activity from grey and white matter.
588h agoThe brain integrates low-level perceptual judgments with high-level strategic adjustments through a neurocomputational model that uses attractor networks and recurrent neural networks to navigate multi-level decisions.
588h agoA three-dimensional vectorial extension of the Hopfield associative-memory model produces memories with better storage and retrieval performance, especially with high connectivity, by creating a rigid energy landscape with deep minima for stored patterns.
592h agoTraining predictive neuroimaging models on one ethnic group results in best performance within that group, but models perform unevenly across ethnic groups, with disparities reduced by training on equal-sized diverse subsamples.
592h agoAntiviral type I Interferons drive motor deficits and regional astrocyte aging in the cerebellum, leading to motor decline with increased expression of Stat1.
592h agoFish exhibit a head stabilization behavior similar to the vestibulo-collic reflex (VCR) found in tetrapods, achieved through rostral body flexion during pitch tilts.
592h agoMitoEM 2.0 provides a curated dataset for training and evaluating 3D mitochondria instance segmentation in volume electron microscopy, including expert-verified labels and standardized data formats.
592h agoFast-conducting mechano-nociceptors play a key role in driving nocifensive behaviors, enabling rapid avoidance of noxious mechanical stimuli in mice and humans.
592h agoStimulation of the thalamus can modulate conscious experience, with changes in emotional, visceral, or somatosensory domains, and is connected to brain regions like the cingulate, insular, and prefrontal cortices.
592h agoDTI-ALPS primarily reflects white matter microstructure rather than glymphatic flow in the context of neurodegeneration.
592h agoJuvenile mice with a genetic mutation in PCDH19 exhibit increased seizure susceptibility and disrupted distribution of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the hippocampus and cortex.
592h agoNeuronal assemblies in the orbitofrontal cortex that are active after learning already exist before learning and play a role in memory consolidation and retrieval.
592h agoInhibition from the Superior Olivary Nucleus helps regulate sound source detection in birds by protecting neurons from losing sensitivity to interaural time differences with increasing sound level.
592h agoThe visual cortex uses a high-dimensional population code to represent visual stimuli, which is made possible by non-smooth peaks in the tuning curves of individual neurons.
592h agoThe ventral tegmental area (VTA) shows cell type-specific changes in gene expression that help some individuals adapt to chronic stress and remain resilient, while the lateral habenula (LHb) shows minimal changes.
592h agoAdvanced meditation elicits distinct states of consciousness with reproducible neural trajectories marked by changes in brain organization, reduced suffering, and improved attention and equanimity.
592h agoPost-mortem human brain tissue is stiffer and less able to absorb energy than living brain tissue, with changes in its mechanical properties occurring over time after death.
592h agoA neural mass model shows that local disfacilitation, topology-dependent propagation, and synchrony-dependent amplification throughout the connectome are sufficient to produce post-lesional slow waves.
592h agoMrGPRX1 signals from endosomes to sensitize TRPV1 channels, enhancing itch signaling through a process involving protein kinase C and ERK activation.
592h agoAdvancing the speed and accuracy of spike sorting is essential to fully realize the potential of large-scale electrophysiology, and a new end-to-end spike sorting pipeline that leverages parallelization can scale to large datasets and run reproducibly on various computing environments.
592h agoThe PLP-Syn mouse model of multiple system atrophy shows brain atrophy and microstructural changes similar to those in patients, linked to genes regulating myelination, gliogenesis, and neuroinflammation.
592h agoA brain-computer interface can improve decision-making quality by detecting uninformed decisions and prompting users to seek more information.
592h agoDeleting the Cnih3 gene in mice impairs learning and memory processes, reduces opioid intake, and may play a role in opioid use that differs between males and females.
592h agoGenerative algorithms can now produce diverse, synthesizable, high-performance molecules through a new method called SynGFN, which links molecular design and synthesis.
596h agoThe brain's motor cortex integrates distorted proprioceptive feedback from muscles by separating it into a distinct activity subspace, allowing for precise control of limb movement despite the disruption.
600h agoTemporal attention improves auditory discrimination only at the first targeted time point and then remains sustained without tradeoffs, and this pattern differs from that of visual attention.
600h agoGuanosine nucleotide production is essential for generating proper microglial diversity by regulating microglial branching during postnatal development.
600h agoThe C9ORF72 G4C2 repeat expansion in human iPSC lines leads to both loss-of-function and gain-of-function pathological features characteristic of ALS/FTD, including reduced C9ORF72 mRNA and protein levels, RNA foci accumulation, and increased dipeptide repeat protein levels.
600h agoPreparing a sequence of movements does not impose additional temporal costs relative to preparing a single movement, as reaction time increases are fully explained by uncertainty in selecting the first target.
600h agoThe APOE4 allele disrupts cholesterol processing in the brain, particularly in young mice, and interacts with age and sex to influence endolysosomal cholesterol homeostasis, with female APOE4 mice showing the greatest dysregulation.
600h agoThe ShA and LgA groups, defined by differential access to opioids, consist of mixtures of different opioid user types.
600h agoArousals during sleep associated with muscle tone decreases are linked to a higher genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease and greater cognitive decline in late middle-aged individuals.
600h agoThe spinal cord shows distinct frequency-specific spatial patterns of activity during sustained pincer-grip contraction, with the ipsi-anterolateral region exhibiting high task-relevance and connectivity with the motor cortex.
600h agoCANDY, a new framework, aligns neural and behavioral data to identify preserved low-dimensional dynamics across days, subjects, and recording sessions, enabling robust cross-session behavioral decoding.
600h agoTractometry analysis reveals that study design parameters, such as sample size and along-tract resolution, affect the detection of dementia- and amyloid-related effects, with finer segments producing more localized effects and larger cohorts needed to detect subtle amyloid-related effects.
600h agoDifferent tractography algorithms produce different results in mapping white matter microstructure in Alzheimer's disease, with probabilistic tracking detecting stronger effects in some areas and deterministic tracking detecting greater sensitivity in others.
600h agoAging causes thermoceptive deficits through axonal degeneration and selective nerve fiber vulnerability, while a genetic neuropathy causes thermoceptive dysfunction through conduction-related impairment due to dysmyelination.
600h agoA deep learning approach that combines brain connectivity and coil coordinates accurately predicts stimulation sites and maps cortical excitability in some individuals.
600h agoBrain tumors disrupt calvarial bone and alter the immune landscape of skull marrow.
604h agoThe synaptic weights in brain networks follow heavy-tailed distributions that decay faster than a power-law, and a proposed mechanism explains this deviation from the global behavior.
604h agoA personalized graph-based model accurately predicts the progression of Alzheimer's disease in individuals by capturing the spread of pathology across brain networks.
612h agoBrain dynamics during awake and sleep stages have distinct patterns, which can be characterized by analyzing intracranial recordings and mapped onto a complexity-entropy plane to reveal their unique dynamic signatures.
612h agoA statistical thermodynamics-inspired framework uses macroscopic state variables to quantify stability and reconfiguration in neuropsychological systems, and finds that informational heat increases during environmental switches and decision errors, while correct choices are preceded by lower temperature and higher free energy.
612h agoPredictive coding induces structured representations when networks are sufficiently deep and trained with multi-step prediction horizons, recovering the underlying latent structure of the environment.
612h agoThe receptive field shapes in the primary visual cortex expand over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between responses computed under different viewing conditions.
612h agoBrain networks have distinct structural and functional properties, with structural networks showing robust features and functional networks showing increased variability, according to an analysis using complex dynamics and fractal geometry.
612h agoAI and neuroscience continue to grow together, with AI research increasingly focused on neurodegenerative diseases since the 1990s, but AI technologies are not widely transferred across different subfields.
612h agoA new tool called ActiTect uses machine learning to identify rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) from wrist-worn actigraphy recordings with high accuracy.
612h agoA frustration parameter introduced into a model of self-propelled particles drives a transition to a resting hexagonal lattice with spatiotemporal patterns when the frustration exceeds a critical point.
612h agoPainlev\'e solitons are waves that arise from the interaction between Painlev\'e waves and solitons in integrable systems.
612h agoSynchronization emerges through a sequential transition between chaotic itinerancy and intermittent synchronization as coupling increases in complex systems.
612h agoControllability of a system can be achieved by designing a controller based on inferred multibody couplings from partial observations.
612h agoChaos in a system is crucial for ensuring that its governing equations can be uniquely identified from a finite set of observations.
612h agoThe perception of room acoustics has 5 key dimensions that can be explained by acoustic measures including echo density, fractal correlation dimension, roughness, loudness, and early decay time.
612h agoWood aging affects the sound brightness of a harpsichord differently depending on string position, with lower strings becoming brighter and higher strings becoming less bright.
612h agoThe proposed language competition model predicts a wide range of possible equilibrium scenarios, including coexistence of two languages, where minority language speakers can be monolingual or bilingual.
612h agoThe Discrete Non Linear Schrödinger model displays an equilibrium transition between a homogeneous phase at positive temperature and a localized phase at negative temperature.
612h agoAtom interferometers based on quantum droplets can be used for interferometry, and their performance depends on atom number and interaction strength, allowing potential applications as a tilt-meter, target detector, and rotation sensor.
612h agoA superintegrable generalization of the Zernike systems has higher-order integrals and can be interpreted as a perturbation of the 2D harmonic oscillators.
612h agoA feedback controller removes the first Fourier harmonic from a plant's output by adjusting its control force parameters to eliminate a periodic external force.
612h agoBrain networks have distinct structural and functional properties, with structural networks showing robust features and functional networks showing increased variability, according to an analysis using complex dynamics and fractal geometry.
612h agoTo accurately model complex climate systems, researchers find that emulators must have an appropriate coarse-grained representation and careful parameterizations of unresolved processes.
612h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have a universal statistical property where quantities that diverge at a singularity follow a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution.
612h agoThe dynamics of phase elements on a unit circle under oscillating external fields result in Arnold tongue-like structures in parameter space, where initially random distributions aggregate into highly anisotropic states.
612h agoFusion categories with a non-invertible, self-dual object give rise to integrable anyonic chains with a Hamiltonian density that satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra.
612h agoThe entanglement depth in a one-dimensional random monitored quantum circuit scales as a power law with system size in both volume and area law phases.
612h agoDisorder in mechanical systems induces robust polarization of zero modes, which become mobile solitons in the nonlinear regime and display new dynamics features.
612h agoA discontinuous transition emerges in an explosive percolation model when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of large clusters.
612h agoA three-dimensional vectorial extension of the Hopfield model uses unit vector neurons and synaptic couplings to create a rigid energy landscape, leading to improved memory capacity, enlarged basins of attraction, and enhanced stability.
612h agoRare system-wide resonances play a crucial role in the stability of the many-body localization phase, and three distinct regimes - ergodic, intermediate, and robust localized phases - emerge depending on the influence of these resonances.
612h agoA dataset-free weight-initialization method for Bernoulli-Bernoullirestricted Boltzmann machines is derived based on statistical mechanical analysis, initializing weights from a Gaussian distribution with optimized standard deviation.
612h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model's Majorana spectrum shows a Gaussian distribution, indicating its chaotic quantum nature, and has higher "quantum magic" than the non-chaotic SYK2 model.
612h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have a universal statistical property where quantities that diverge at a singularity follow a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution.
612h agoA novel natural compound called MIC reduces tau pathology and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease model mice, and improves memory performance in a age-dependent manner.
612h agoThe alpha phase directly modulates perceptual cycles in multisensory integration, with individual alpha phase patterns causally linked to how people process multiple sensory inputs.
612h agoThe dentate gyrus network computations for pattern separation are disrupted in temporal lobe epilepsy, with the reorganized network generating less distinct activity patterns and impairing memory.
612h agoFGF13 remains inside cells and interacts with voltage-gated sodium channels within the cell, rather than being secreted to interact with extracellular proteins.
612h agoAcetylcholine reflects uncertainty during hidden state inference, guiding behaviour by tracking the uncertainty of internal estimates in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus.
612h agoInhibiting the SARM1 enzyme with a new class of base-exchange inhibitors only delays, rather than prevents, neurite degeneration in neuronal cells.
612h agoHousing facility and time of treatment affect how cancer patients respond to methotrexate therapy, influencing body mass, gut microbiome composition, inflammatory cytokine profiles, and central nervous system gene expression.
616h agoNeuroSort, a new spike sorting framework, isolates individual neurons from large-scale recordings by fusing spatiotemporal information, enabling analysis of up to thousands of neurons.
616h agoThe superior colliculus integrates target guidance and behavioral history signals to control efficient visual search performance by using dynamic, mixed, and pure selectivity mechanisms.
616h agoThyrotropin-releasing hormone protects hippocampal neurons against glutamate toxicity through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway and new protein synthesis.
616h agoOlfactory neuron changes and neuroinflammatory responses are detectable in Alzheimer's disease, even in its pre-clinical stage, through analysis of olfactory brush biopsies.
616h agoStress exaggerates autonomic reflexes critical in cardiorespiratory function, increasing susceptibility to sudden unexpected death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) in mice with hyperactive stress circuits.
620h agoSelf-compassion helps protect people's self-esteem when they perform poorly, promotes more positive emotions during challenging tasks, and leads to higher self-esteem after the task.
620h agoRepeated adolescent NMDAR antagonism weakens thalamofrontal synaptic transmission, leading to short-term memory deficits by reducing release probability and vesicle refilling at thalamus to prefrontal cortex synapses.
620h agoNeurons in the macaque inferotemporal cortex respond to images in a simple-to-complex progression over time, with early responses to simple images and later responses to more complex images.
620h agoChildren with ADHD have difficulty perceiving speech in noisy settings because they have trouble focusing visual attention on the right speaker and do not benefit as much from seeing lip movements when listening to speech.
620h agoHeart rate variability amplitude correlates with depth of self-transcendent experiences, compassion, and emotional improvement during numadelic virtual reality experiences.
620h agoEarly exposure to a high-fat diet triggers hypothalamic microinflammation and insulin resistance in males but not females, and this sex difference is linked to the activity of the JNK3 pathway in microglia.
620h agoCross-excitation between neurons in a dorsal root ganglion can not be explained by existing hypotheses, and appears to be an important part of normal sensory information processing.
620h agoMoving a figure boundary outside of a neuron's receptive field reduces adaptation and hinders perceptual filling-in, with greater eccentricities requiring larger movements to interfere with filling-in.
620h agoThe GluTrooper mouse line, engineered to express a glutamate sensor, enables long-lasting imaging of glutamate dynamics in the brain with high spatial and temporal resolution.
620h agoLoss of a gene called pebbled leads to degeneration of motor axons and neuromuscular junctions in adult flies, causing motor deficits, due to excessive activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway.
620h agoPhosphorylation of Tau protein modulates its interaction with microtubules, with the overall number of phosphorylated sites playing a more dominant role than their specific locations.
620h agoReaching memories are encoded in tight association with the recent history of preceding gaze states.
620h agoHebbian plasticity enables neural networks to associate sensory inputs with internal states, but it can lead to a "freezing" of the network's structure and reduced flexibility in learning when input and output patterns are weakly correlated.
620h agoTSPO knockout prevents abnormal brain activity and connectivity in Alzheimer's disease models by changing network dynamics.
620h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives the action-invigoration component of the Pavlovian bias by modulating reward prediction error signals.
620h agoSample size plays a central role in shaping EEG study outcomes in psychiatry, with small samples producing unstable results and larger samples producing consistent and reproducible findings.
620h agoThe lateralized readiness potential can serve as a neural signature for habits, and stronger habits require more frontal midline theta power to inhibit them.
620h agoAδ high-threshold mechanoreceptors densely innervate skin and organs, detect intense damaging stimuli, and are necessary for protective responses to sharp mechanical stimuli.
620h agoPartial loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain leads to changes in gait precision in rats, with females showing different patterns of motor adaptation than males.
620h agoA deep convolutional neural network estimates surface reflectance and predicts human lightness perception, accurately replicating classic lightness illusions and outperforming traditional models.
620h agoInhibiting O-GlcNAcase partially restores O-GlcNAc homeostasis in brain and blood of OGT-CDG mice, but does not rescue symptoms.
620h agoDeep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum improves cognitive control by enhancing decision-making, with right-unilateral stimulation being the most effective, and works similarly in both humans and rodents.
620h agoThe Penn Longitudinal Executive functioning in Adolescent Development study provides a new data resource that combines imaging data with clinical and cognitive information to study executive function development in adolescents with and without psychiatric conditions.
620h agoCold-responsive neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus mediate cold-induced pain relief by releasing enkephalin and activating opioid receptor signaling in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray.
620h agoThe dorsolateral striatum facilitates forelimb movements and sustains their execution, while promoting efficient whole-body locomotion, particularly during turns.
620h agoLarger language models better match human behavior and brain activity during reading, but instruction tuning does not provide a similar benefit.
624h agoSleep and wakefulness consolidate memory in different ways, with sleep strengthening memories in a specific context and wakefulness enhancing memories that are not tied to a particular context.
624h agoCLN3 is essential for synaptic function, and its loss causes defective synaptic vesicle release, reduced synaptic strength, and early functional disturbances that can be corrected by gene therapy.
624h agoProtectin DX alleviates postoperative pain in a mouse model by activating GPR37, promoting macrophage healing, and modulating pain-sensing neurons.
624h agoTDP-43 is modified by SUMOylation, a process facilitated by PIAS1 and PIAS4, and this modification occurs in response to oxidative stress.
624h agoExpertise transforms the brain's representations, shifting from surface features to high-level relational information, and becomes more compact, organised, and efficient, allowing for rapid and flexible decision-making.
624h agoThe hippocampus constructs a temporal framework anchored to relevant behavioral events, with neuronal activity transitioning abruptly between discrete states to track distinct phases of a behavioral sequence.
624h agoAlcohol dependence causes changes in brain proteins that disrupt the blood-brain barrier, trigger neuroinflammation, and stress cells, whereas alcohol exposure without dependence activates protective mechanisms that regulate inflammation and maintain brain health.
624h agoAfferent feedback mechanisms help mammals maintain walking after a sudden loss of ground support by facilitating adaptive coordination between limbs.
624h agoHuman iPSC-derived motor neurons can develop into mature neuronal networks with dense synapses within 28 days when optimized differentiation and targeted neuromodulation are used.
624h agoImpaired dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens during social interactions leads to social deficits in autism spectrum disorder, and activating dopamine during play can rescue these deficits.
624h agoArea 29e in the brain acts as a specialized hub that helps anchor internal spatial representations to external landmarks.
628h agoPeople with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and insomnia have different brain activity patterns during threat conditioning and extinction learning, and better sleep quality is associated with greater engagement of neural substrates of extinction learning.
628h agoNeurogenesis in vertebrates starts with neuronal cell bodies forming clusters along the spinal cord, from which axons radiate outward to form a network that is refined through selective cell death.
628h agoValproic acid attracts nematode worms by directly activating their chemosensory neurons through a pathway that involves receptor guanylate cyclases and G protein-coupled receptors.
628h agoAPOE4 and amyloid-beta interact to create an early vulnerability in neurons, leading to changes in brain function and setting the stage for Alzheimer's disease.
632h agoEarly life adversity increases vulnerability to substance use disorders by altering the brain's reward circuitry, specifically by upregulating striatal D1-receptor density and disrupting the balance with D2-like receptors, which in turn promotes alcohol drinking.
632h agoThe basal ganglia circuit organization, particularly pathway overlap and D2 receptor dynamics, regulates the speed and reliability of discrimination learning, and specific dopamine perturbations lead to distinct learning impairments.
632h agoMedial olivocochlear efferent gain control plays a role in auditory enhancement and its alteration by hearing loss.
632h agoOxytocin-producing neurons in the brain regulate social play behavior in a sex-specific way, with certain populations of these neurons decreasing social play in males but not females.
632h agoThe cerebellum implements an oscillatory forward model for motor timing, adjusting its role in coordinating sensorimotor integration according to sensory predictability.
632h agoExtensive alternative splicing of NRXN1 generates a diverse range of isoforms that contribute to neuropsychiatric disease when disrupted, with distinct splicing programs across different brain cell types and developmental stages.
632h agoThe Parietal Memory Network, also called the Salience Network, responds to both old memories and salient stimuli, but not specifically to mnemonic familiarity, and a separate network, the Frontoparietal Network B, responds to familiar memories.
632h agoThe brain's ability to entrain to the rhythm of music in the theta band predicts people's urge to move along with it, and this can be accurately decoded from EEG patterns.
632h agoHuman cooperation depends on accurately inferring others' motives, and a new model shows that people learn these motives through Bayesian belief updating, revealing diverse moral phenotypes, including moderate altruism, strong inequality aversion, and nonlinear payoff valuation.
636h agoThe study's claims about reconstructing visual imagery from brain activity are invalid due to multiple methodological concerns, including biased reporting, artificial performance inflation, and lack of advantages over existing techniques.
636h agoThe direction and speed selectivity properties of simple and complex cells in the primary visual cortex can be explained by a theoretical model of spatio-temporal receptive fields based on velocity-adapted affine Gaussian derivatives.
636h agoGrid cells in the brain encode distance by de-correlating population activity, allowing for accurate navigation with a simple coding scheme.
636h agoPhysarum polycephalum's adaptive dynamics follow a least-action principle that balances energy use and transport efficiency to find optimal paths between nutrient sources and sinks.
636h agoWeakly electric fish use electric organ discharges and movement patterns to collectively forage, and a novel computational framework shows that artificial agents can learn to do the same, reproducing behaviors seen in real fish collectives.
636h agoDynamics in low-rank networks can be high- or low-dimensional, and are suppressed in directions aligned with the network's low-rank structure when driven by high-dimensional inputs or perturbations.
636h agoThe Koopman and Perron-Frobenius operators can be approximated using exponentials of infinitesimal generators, allowing for efficient computation when the underlying vector field of a dynamical system undergoes small changes.
636h agoThe Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-$\alpha$ model's ergodic properties are characterized by a timescale where action diffusion leads to ergodic temporal fluctuations, which is longer than the timescale indicated by the maximum Lyapunov exponent.
636h agoThe distance between solutions to the integrable Korteweg-de Vries equation and non-integrable generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations remains close over long times for small initial amplitudes, but deviates at an explicit rate for larger amplitudes.
636h agoThe Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain with long-wavelength random initial data enters a prethermal state, characterized by a Burgers-type shock and a turbulent-like spectrum, when the energy per particle is small.
636h agoQuadrupole-based fluxes agree well with Teukolsky results across a broad range of orbital configurations for Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals, and novel numerical methods reveal diverse resonance-crossing behaviors.
636h agoA novel dynamic mode with bounded oscillatory motion breaks symmetry in a generalized Kuramoto model, enhancing global coherence and giving rise to a mixed state with different degrees of ordering.
636h agoPerfect crystals exhibit brittle plastic yielding after experiencing mechanically driven elastic instability, similar to glassy materials, due to a change in their atomic configuration to a quasi-amorphous state.
636h agoThe enstrophy flux in 2D turbulence with linear friction is suppressed in the cascade, causing the small-scale vorticity field to be passively transported by the large-scale flow.
636h agoParticles in lattices with discrete-step unitary evolution reach a thermal state with infinite temperature and chemical potential due to weak nonlinearities.
636h agoThe impedance matrix of complicated electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
636h agoThe eigenvalues of matrix-valued dynamical processes generated by nonnormal Toeplitz matrices with additive rank 1 perturbations distribute around the zero-eigenvalue, and this distribution is caused by uncontrolled rounding errors in computer simulations, not the original system.
636h agoThe geometric multiplicity of the zero eigenvalue in a nonnormal matrix-valued dynamical system with discrete time increases over time, eventually matching its algebraic multiplicity, leading to a relaxation process from a far-from-normal to a near-normal matrix.
636h agoRhombohedral-stacked N-layer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger networks exhibit $2N$-fold degenerate zero-energy edge states with a winding number that equals the layer number.
636h agoThe square lattice Hubbard model exhibits a non-superconducting filled stripe phase at strong coupling and low hole-doping, while superconductivity coexisting with partially-filled stripes or uniform d-wave superconductivity emerges under certain conditions.
636h agoThe basins of attraction in complex energy landscapes can be defined solely through geometric principles, as shown by the universal force distribution and hierarchical organization of inherent structures in hard-sphere systems.
636h agoA novel deterministic equivalence for the two-point function of a random matrix resolvent leads to a unified derivation of the performance of high-dimensional linear models trained with stochastic gradient descent.
636h agoA modified Drude-Lorentz model that incorporates quantum corrections provides consistent electronic parameters for disordered ultra-thin NbN films, including an electron relaxation rate of 1.8 eV/ℏ, a Fermi velocity of 0.7 × 10^6 m/s, and an electron density of states of 2 states/eV/V.
636h agoThe interplay between unitary dynamics and quantum measurements induces diverse phenomena in open quantum systems, and a tenfold classification of symmetry and topology of monitored free fermions reveals the role of topology in measurement-induced phase transitions.
636h agoThe impedance matrix of complicated electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
636h agoThe ADNP missense mutation p.C687R disrupts chromatin regulation and GABAergic lineage specification, leading to impaired neuronal migration and cortical branching.
640h agoNeural activity in the primary visual cortex of mice can be separated into two parts: one driven by external sensory input and the other by internal brain states.
640h agoConsciousness transitions follow both gradual and discrete changes, with three of four sleep stage transitions showing gradual changes and one showing a threshold event.
640h agoAlcohol cues trigger automatic approach tendencies that promote problematic drinking, but a counterconditioning intervention paired with retrieval cues can reduce these tendencies and improve adaptive behavior.
640h agoThe brain uses parallel policy matrices to adapt to new environments by transferring previous experiences, allowing for faster adaptation and reduced after-effects when faced with changed conditions.
640h agoCerebrospinal fluid tracer drains into the skull bone marrow through different regions, and this drainage is linked to sex, hypertension, diabetes, inflammation, sleep quality, and cognitive function.
640h agoBipartite entanglement within a non-compact SU(1,1) symmetry manifold is present in the proton spin ensemble of the living human brain, potentially underlining a functional holographic memory mechanism.
640h agoThe functional connections within the higher-order visual area anterolateral area (AL) remain more robust over time and change less between stimulus-driven and resting-state conditions than those in the primary visual cortex (V1).
640h agoCircadian timing does not modulate photoreceptor activation, the earliest stage of visual processing, as shown by a lack of variation in luminance or chromatic contrast sensitivity across the day.
640h agoThe melanopsin pathway, a key input to the body's internal clock, receives systematically different light inputs from various natural scenes, with indoor scenes without windows having the lowest and outdoor scenes having the highest light input.
640h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation induces site-specific plasticity in the human corticospinal tract, increasing corticomotor excitability and intracortical facilitation, and scaling with individual differences in white matter microstructure.
640h agoAllowing more peaks to be extracted in a popular method for analyzing brain activity decreases the reliability of estimates, and a modified approach called censored regression offers more reliable and accurate results.
644h agoThe perceived intensity of tactile sensations is determined by the frequency, amplitude, and waveform shape of vibration applied to the skin, with each parameter having a distinct role.
644h agoNeural markers, specifically N100 and P300 components, are reliable and stable across individuals and over time, even when deviating from group-level patterns.
644h agoCa2+ and cAMP signaling pathways interact in mouse olfactory bulb astrocytes, with adrenergic receptors regulating both pathways through complex mechanisms.
644h agoCerebral ischemia impairs synaptic transmission mainly by disrupting the sodium gradient, which causes dysfunction of glutamate uptake, rather than by excessive glutamate release or failure of glutamine synthetase.
644h agoSleep-driven replay helps transfer new memories from the hippocampus to the cortex by reshaping the synaptic-weight landscape, allowing new information to be incorporated without degrading old memories.
644h agoThe premotor activity in the pretectum and optic tectum collectively controls predatory orienting through both crossed and uncrossed pathways.
644h agoThe neural code can be clearly defined by breaking down auditory spike trains into variable-duration "packets" within which precise spike timing does not matter.
644h agoThe visual system conducts a precise search within the central 1-degree foveola, using tiny eye movements called microsaccades to efficiently examine details.
648h agoPumilio acts in intestinal stem cells and the endocrine corpus allatum to regulate the transition to sleep through a gut-endocrine-brain signaling axis.
648h agoMost minimally verbal autistic individuals have hidden receptive language and reading abilities, demonstrated through eye movements in response to language-based stimuli, despite appearing to have severe cognitive and language impairments on traditional assessments.
648h agoVisual information is encoded more accurately at specific phases of alpha oscillations, which are the dominant rhythm of the human brain.
648h agoVisual fear conditioning leads to a selective release of acetylcholine in the primary visual cortex, which enhances visually-evoked neuronal responses and enables sensory-guided behavioral learning.
648h agoThe cerebellum contributes to controlling syllable duration in songbirds by providing neural signals that precisely encode syllable boundaries.
652h agoThe growth cones in the developing hippocampus have a changing proteomic composition across the first five postnatal days, with distinct protein subsets and markers that regulate their development into region-specific neural circuits.
652h agoThe HEALthy Brain and Cognitive Development study uses advanced brain imaging to chart brain development in 7,200 infants until age 10, and has developed new image processing techniques that improve data quality and show expected developmental patterns.
652h agoThe prefrontal cortex and striatum show sensory responses that emerge and strengthen with sensorimotor learning, with the prefrontal cortex exhibiting both modality-specific and generalized sensory representations, while the striatum's sensory responses depend on the order of learning.
652h agoThe superior parietal lobule links observed actions with internal goals, while the motor cortex maintains intention-specific codes, to support action understanding.
652h agoSwitching from the Alzheimer's risk gene APOE4 to the protective gene APOE2 reshapes Alzheimer's disease-related metabolism, reduces neuropathology, and enhances cognition.
656h agoHigher states of endogenous estrogen enhance reward prediction errors, which promotes adaptive behavior and improves performance.
656h agoReplacing the Alzheimer's risk gene APOE4 with the protective APOE2 in astrocytes alters metabolism and gene expression, reducing amyloid pathology and gliosis.
656h agoDopamine encoding of reward prediction errors fluctuates over females' reproductive cycles due to estrogenic signaling caused by reduced expression of dopamine reuptake proteins.
656h agoGreater genetic overlap exists between neurological and psychiatric disorders than previously recognized, supporting a more integrated view of brain-related illness.
656h agoA new genetic tool allows labeling, tracing, and manipulation of premyelinating oligodendrocytes, enabling further study of this cell stage during myelination.
656h agoSpared nociceptors after partial nerve injury remain sensitized, driving long-term tactile hypersensitivity.
656h agoTwo distinct beta band components, low-beta (<20 Hz) and high-beta (>20 Hz), coexist throughout the neocortex and play different roles in movement initiation, maintenance, and termination.
656h agoThe brain uses a network of neurons in areas such as the hippocampus, insula, and cingulate cortex to hold onto sounds in memory, with most of these neurons decreasing their activity while maintaining the sound.
656h agoPKM{zeta} and PKC{iota} are crucial for maintaining long-term potentiation and spatial memory in mice, with PKM{zeta} usually playing the key role and PKC{iota} acting as a backup.
656h agoNon-verbal children with autism spectrum disorder have a widespread pattern of underconnectivity across key brain networks involved in speech, language, and cognitive processing.
656h agoThe metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 modulates the voltage gated potassium channel Kv1.2 through suppression involving protein kinase C (PKC), leading to Kv1.2 endocytosis and facilitation of eyeblink conditioning.
656h agoBetti curve features, particularly those from connected components and 1D holes, effectively capture structural brain alterations associated with aging and differentiate normal from pathological aging.
660h agoCurrent AI systems achieve high performance in some neural connection proofreading tasks, but struggle with others, and may eventually augment or replace human proofreading in connectomics.
660h agoA lightweight dynamic brain connectivity framework using Time Varying Directed Transfer Function accurately classifies stress levels with 89-94% accuracy using machine learning models, by capturing temporal and causal influences between brain regions from EEG recordings.
660h agoA stable fixed point in threshold-linear networks can have a support that is not minimal, containing the support of another stable fixed point.
660h agoExplainable machine learning, using brain connection maps from fMRI data, classifies people with brain disorders with 91.85% accuracy and identifies reliable biomarkers.
660h agoEarth's gravity shapes human development by guiding the brain's integration of sensory inputs into an internal model of gravity, which a new dual computational framework models to predict and interpret human performance in different gravitational conditions.
660h agoNeglecting racial variation in brain network architecture reduces predictive performance in cognitive and affective phenotypes, and different populations have distinct brain network patterns linked to Alzheimer Disease progression and worry levels.
660h agoPsychology uses a mathematical formulation called process theory to formalize human psychodynamics, enabling precise study of cognitive processes in contexts such as psychotherapy, neurotechnology, and AI safety.
660h agoGraph-theoretical labeling characterizes complex networks, and cordial labeling and signed product cordial labeling reveal structural balance and cooperative neural dynamics in brain connectivity graphs.
660h agoAn AI-driven near-infrared spectroscopy system provides real-time, layer-specific oxygenation data from the brain cortex with high accuracy, outperforming conventional methods in simulations, phantom experiments, and clinical validation.
660h agoBrainCSD, a new foundation model, jointly synthesizes functional and structural connectivity biomarkers and supports diagnosis and prediction tasks with high accuracy.
660h agoFunctional brain networks of cannabis users and non-users show topological differences, according to a permutation test that compares topological features while preserving individual network structures.
660h agoLarge Language Models process language in a way similar to the human brain, with different neurons handling different grammatical categories.
660h agoA formal framework shows that neural activity in the form of discrete spikes or collective waves can be causal or not, and determines conditions under which any signal can be shown to matter.
660h agoAnalyzing changes in functional connectivity helps understand how brain diseases or experimental stimuli affect brain function.
660h agoA novel graph-based deep learning framework, called ExPANet, differentiates major depressive disorder patients from healthy controls with superior performance using electroencephalography recordings.
660h agoPeople match their choice frequencies to target frequencies in stochastic environments, and their choices can be explained by a simple combination of matching and maximizing strategies.
660h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations.
660h agoA sharp criterion for the stability of compactly supported solitons is established based on the nonlinearity and eigenspace projection, and it is applied to specific lattices.
660h agoJacobi's old method for constructing integrable Hamiltonian systems is being presented as a new Stäckel lift construction related to Haantjes geometry.
660h agoA simple algebraic method generates travelling wave solutions for equations in the Burgers hierarchy, with findings showing that higher-order equations have smooth solutions supported by nonlinear terms and identical complete solutions.
660h agoAn adaptive Kuramoto model with hyperedges shows that interactions beyond pairwise links drive emergent phenomena in complex systems, leading to new insights into synchronization and phase transitions.
660h agoGrowth in human societies is driven by socioeconomic and demographic changes at multiple scales, with local levels showing the most intense growth rates and spatial selection effects.
660h agoThe lens hyperbolic modular double is a new algebraic structure that produces a lens hyperbolic hypergeometric solution of the Yang--Baxter equation.
660h agoMultiscaling emerges in both the magnitude and orientation of the velocity vector in turbulent flows, not just in longitudinal velocity increments.
660h agoIntegrable deformations of a semisimple Frobenius manifold's hierarchy of topological type can be constructed, and these deformations have polynomial tau-structures.
660h agoBichromatic periodic modulation of interaction strength generates and controls complex nonlinear patterns in one-dimensional ring condensates by dictating instability onset and excited modes.
660h agoA dynamic prioritization strategy that continually allocates vaccine doses based on long-term epidemic outcomes can minimize the final epidemic burden by balancing indirect transmission blocking with direct protection of important groups.
660h agoOptical pulses generate Faraday-like waves in ordered quantum solids that persist longer than the pulse duration.
660h agoA novel modeling approach uses the Lorenz attractor framework to simulate unsteady aircraft airflow by breaking down the force distribution exerted by a wing into turbulent and nominal components.
660h agoThis perspective deals with real scalar fields in two-dimensional spacetime, focusing on models with one and two real scalar fields, specifically kinks and lumps.
660h agoA class of nonlinear evolution equations is constructed using invariants of a projective transformation, and some symmetry-integrable equations in this class are identified.
660h agoDeveloping data-driven models of multiscale systems requires identifying an appropriate coarse-grained representation and careful parameterizations of unresolved processes to reproduce both stationary statistics and responses to external perturbations.
660h agoThe reverse space-time higher-order modified self-steepening nonlinear Schrödinger equation has integrability verified through its Lax pair and conservation laws, and its solutions exhibit novel wave patterns including kinks, solitons, and rogue waves.
660h agoThe nonlinear factorization method, modified to depend on both dependent and independent variables, obtains isochronous waveform solutions of homogeneous Li\'enard equations.
660h agoThe quasipotential function can be discovered directly from data using machine learning, allowing for the prediction of escape mechanisms from metastable states in nonlinear dynamical systems.
660h agoHigh stress levels are indicated in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
660h agoConformally symplectic diffeomorphisms reveal deep interactions between a manifold's topological properties, a map's dynamical properties, and the geometry of invariant manifolds.
660h agoThe cluster percolation point changes as the fraction of antiferromagnetic bonds increases in the three-dimensional random-bond Ising model, and a percolation transition occurs above the thermodynamic ordering point with two percolating clusters of equal density.
660h agoThe solution to the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass shows a hierarchical organization in disordered systems that remains stable even when 36% of the network is diluted.
660h agoA machine learning model can calculate intermolecular charge transfer integrals in organic semiconductors by modeling the relative position of dimer pairs, reducing the need for individual calculations.
660h agoIsotopic defects arranged in a specific pattern can suppress or enhance phonon scattering, maximizing or minimizing phonon transmission in a targeted frequency window.
660h agoThe density correlations of eigenvalues of large random matrices retain a universal form even when the matrix elements evolve over time.
660h agoThe disordered defect-fluorite Ho2Zr2O7 exhibits slowing spin dynamics and a unique crystalline-electric field energy scheme, with structural disorder allowing the mixing of low-lying states at finite temperatures while preventing long-range magnetic order.
660h agoThe winding number of a parametrized non-Hermitian random matrix field exhibits universal features in the large-dimension limit, with a new correction term identified beyond the Ginibre Unitary Ensemble.
660h agoThe likelihood of each stable state in species-rich ecosystems increases with its total biomass, and can be accurately predicted using just two properties: biomass and species diversity.
660h agoThe critical exponent for a $d$-dimensional elastic manifold at depinning is given by $\zeta = \frac \epsilon3 + 0.04777 \epsilon^2 -0.068354 \epsilon^3 + {\cal O}(\epsilon^4)$, which estimates to $\zeta(d=1)=1.266(20)$, $\zeta(d=2)=0.752(1)$, and $\zeta(d=3)=0.357(1)$.
660h agoNon-reciprocity does not always destroy glassiness in disordered systems, instead it can lead to an oscillating amorphous phase with slow dynamics and oscillations.
660h agoThe nonaffine elastic response in strongly disordered materials has large-scale exponentially decaying correlations that extend over a length scale determined by the strength of the disorder.
660h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field, with computed critical exponents and a lower critical dimension consistent with previous estimates.
660h agoLocalization transitions occur without symmetry breaking because they involve the emergent breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is revealed by a new order parameter called the time-averaged local translational contrast.
660h agoQuantum Reservoir Computing with a few two-level atoms outperforms traditional computing in memory retention and nonlinear data processing.
660h agoThe electrolyte modifies the composition and molecular order of the polymer semiconductor PEDOT:PSS, enabling bistable and non-volatile behavior in organic electrochemical transistors.
660h agoQuantum Reservoir Computing uses a system of just five atoms to perform complex computational tasks efficiently and with low energy consumption.
660h agoLearning a flow-based generative model with a two-layer auto-encoder leads to a distribution of generated samples that depends on the number of training samples and can suffer from mode collapse.
660h agoVariational Monte Carlo training sets with frozen variational parameters lead to a self-consistency error that spoils the accuracy of machine learning interatomic potentials, but applying a correction can generate more accurate potentials.
660h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations.
660h agoA new algorithm called microcanonical simulated annealing (MicSA) reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, making it possible to run complex physics and biology models more efficiently.
660h agoChemically distinct glass-forming liquids have universal features in their spectrum and temperature dependence of main structural relaxation.
660h agoHAPLINA2 protein is increased with aging and Alzheimer's disease risk, and its levels are higher in mice with a genetic risk for Alzheimer's, affecting the brain's extracellular matrix.
664h agoExposure to growing levels of nanoplastics disrupts brain lipid metabolism, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and Parkinson's disease-like neurodegeneration, which can be reversed by antioxidant treatment.
664h agoLesioning the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system during prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease does not exacerbate AD-like neuropathology and cognitive impairment, but instead worsens pre-existing conditions.
664h agoChanges in brain connections during abstinence from opioids predict increases in craving, and a specific brain network involving multiple systems contributes to this process.
668h agoThe integration-segregation theory explains exogenous attention with cue-target event integration and segregation competing, and brain scans show cued targets activate attention networks while uncued targets engage the medial temporal cortex.
668h agoA human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived forebrain organoid model carrying an ALS-associated TDP-43 mutation spontaneously develops TDP-43 proteinopathy, including cytoplasmic p-TDP-43 accumulation, RNA dysregulation, and cryptic exon inclusion.
668h agoThe IRF7/ISG15 axis in microglia inhibits NLRP3 expression and improves the prognosis of ischemic stroke in mice by reducing neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal survival.
668h agoQuNex recipes provide a transparent and machine-readable format for defining and executing complete neuroimaging workflows, enabling seamless integration of commands, custom scripts, and external tools, and facilitating reproducible and shareable studies.
668h agoFatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) regulates cerebellar inflammation in MSA pathogenesis by linking glial inflammation, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial injury.
668h agoPeople rely on internal and tactile information from the toss to plan and catch a moving object, and without this information, their ability to anticipate and catch the object is greatly reduced.
668h agoThe development of specific brain circuits is characterized by distinct connectivity patterns and molecular cascades that can be studied at single-cell and spatial resolution using a new tool called inducible barcoded rabies virus.
668h agoThe study corrects the authors' previous work on transsynaptic labeling and transcriptional control of neural circuits in zebrafish.
672h agoThe FOODEEG dataset provides a large collection of neural and behavioural data on food choices from 117 participants, including EEG responses, behavioural measures, and questionnaire-based measures.
672h agoActivation of ovBNST Vipr2 neurons increases food intake, and these neurons are activated by food restriction and project to feeding-related regions in the brain.
672h agoElevated levels of HERV-K transcripts, particularly pol, are found in exosomes from ALS patients, suggesting they could serve as accessible biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment monitoring.
672h agoNerve transection injuries trigger sympathetic fiber sprouting and pain through increased norepinephrine levels, whereas crush injuries cause pain through different mechanisms.
672h agoDepleting microglia during the subacute phase after stroke promotes cortical network reorganization and motor recovery.
672h agoNeural oscillations across the brain organize into a low-dimensional coordinate system that reflects local brain activity, relates to brain functions, and changes with age and disease.
672h agoThe over-representation of certain di-synaptic motifs among excitatory neurons induces synchrony, but this excess synchrony is reduced when the same motifs are also present among inhibitory neurons.
672h agoA whole-brain computational model reproduces brain dynamics underlying the loss and recovery of consciousness, providing a potential explanation for the transition between these brain states.
672h agoMild stress disrupts the estrous cycle in mice, causing a longer cycle length, and may contribute to reduced fertility.
672h agoKlotho protein deletion in the choroid plexus causes region-specific calcification that worsens with age, but does not lead to major structural or functional changes in mice.
672h agoHair cells in zebrafish have similar electrical properties and vesicle release mechanisms across most of their body, but those in the tail region have smaller responses, and lack of otoferlin b gene reduces these responses.
672h agoChildren have a less organized brain network for controlling attention and memory than adults when working with AI to generate creative ideas.
672h agoSynergistic interactions among neurons increase with long-range correlations in the visual cortex of awake mice during visual stimulation, facilitating efficient information processing across long distances.
672h agoHumans plan ahead 2-4 targets in sequential reaching movements, but increasing resistance to movement does not change the planning horizon.
672h agoiMSCs secretome preserves dopaminergic neurons and improves motor function and anhedonia in a Parkinson's disease rat model, by activating broader pro-survival and regenerative pathways.
672h agoMusical groove influences neural oscillations in the sensorimotor network, with stronger mu suppression found during active movement and when experiencing high musical groove.
672h agoThe temporal alignment between naturalistic stimuli features and brain activity measured with fMRI varies considerably, and accounting for feature-specific delays improves the accuracy of mapping these features to brain activity.
672h agoModulating the autonomic response to errors does not affect conscious error detection in healthy older adults, suggesting that autonomic activity is a consequence, not a cause, of conscious error awareness.
672h agoAcute psychosocial stress enhances interval timing by selectively reducing temporal underestimation, with men showing greater improvement in temporal accuracy than women.
672h agoICAM-5 is a specific marker for isolating neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles from human biofluids, which can improve the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions.
672h agoRepeated experiences are never processed identically, with sensory systems adapting to familiar input and interpretive systems continuously reshaping meaning based on current internal states.
672h agoAversive conditioning causes changes in EEG alpha-band oscillations and pupil dilation, but individual participants show more variability in pupil-dilation responses than in alpha-power responses.
672h agoVasopressin receptor antagonism accelerates resynchronization of locomotor activity rhythms to new light-dark cycles by strengthening the SCN's resistance to internal desynchronization.
672h agoChronic alcohol exposure impairs working memory and downregulates KV7 function in specific brain cells, but KV7 activation can restore working memory function.
672h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) helps people make decisions by separating their emotional responses to unfair situations from their choices, allowing them to balance self-interest and social norms.
672h agoInhibiting GCPII with 2-MPPA treatment changes protein patterns in the aging primate cortex, particularly in areas vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease, and affects pathways related to protein damage, amyloid and tau processes, and synaptic function.
672h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex connects to both noradrenergic and GABAergic neurons in the locus coeruleus, with cell-type-specific differences in glutamate release properties that enable adaptive regulation of behavior.
672h agoApathy increases over time in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and is more common in people with certain brain diseases, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration, hippocampal sclerosis, and Lewy body disease, especially in males.
676h agoInsecticide exposure during adolescence disrupts multiple neural systems, leading to learning and memory impairments, depression-like behaviors, and other neurotoxic effects.
676h agoCBD-loaded polymeric micelles improve brain concentration of CBD and core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in a rat model when administered intranasally.
676h agoLate second language listeners use prediction in similar ways as native listeners to understand continuous speech.
676h agoTargeted head rotations help filter out distractions and improve focus by working together with neural activity to support selective attention.
676h agoLearning to read requires access to phonological representations, which are linked to reading proficiency in both deaf and hearing adults through visual speech and text.
676h agoThe brain co-activates multiple lexical alternatives during language use, with activity in language regions predicted by embeddings of several top-ranked words, not just the word ultimately used.
676h agoThe nervous system's regulation of beta-band sensorimotor rhythm varies greatly among individuals and within individuals depending on task demands, affecting the strength of corticomuscular coherence.
676h agoHigh-field 7T MRI improves the precision and reliability of personalized functional brain mapping in infants, especially in subcortical structures, compared to 3T MRI.
676h agoThe vigor of dexterous movements is not controlled by ongoing fluctuations in extracellular dopamine within the dorsal striatum of mice.
680h agoA fully automated machine learning tool called ActiTect identifies rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) from wrist-worn actigraphy recordings with strong accuracy across different devices and cohorts.
684h agoNeural activity forms non-linear structures called neural manifolds, which may correspond to continuous attractors shaped by recurrent connectivity between neurons.
684h agoThe motor cortex activity sustains and reconfigures during brain-machine interface control to generate movements of different durations.
684h agoPhysiological data from wearable devices can accurately predict scores on established cognitive tests in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
684h agoA slow voltage-gated ion channel increases wave speeds in a network of neurons and enables subthreshold oscillations that structure the intervals between neural firing events.
684h agoNeural networks can decode brain activity into speech by mapping EEG recordings to audio representations with improved performance using personalized architectures.
684h agoTRACE, a new contrastive learning framework, learns a two-dimensional embedding of neural time series data by averaging across different subsets of trials, outperforming other methods and capturing biologically relevant variation and cell-type-related structure.
684h agoPOSSM, a novel hybrid architecture, enables fast and efficient decoding of neural activity, achieving accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art models at a fraction of the inference cost.
684h agoImproving benchmarking metrics, researchers calculate confidence intervals for error consistency, a key measure of alignment between machine learning models and human observers, and provide guidance on required trials for conclusive experiments.
684h agoImagination helps access an internal world model, and analysis shows human and large language model imagination networks have key differences.
684h agoThe study proves that two diffusively coupled neurons with electromagnetic induction and a switchable memristive autapse can achieve global asymptotic stability of synchronization, and provides a quantitative measure of the energetic cost of synchrony.
684h agoA new linearized dynamics preserves phase space volume in chaotic systems, even in non-Hamiltonian systems, by modifying the tangent space dynamics to prevent volume collapse.
684h agoDiscrete integrable operators have a connection to higher-order pole solutions of integrable hierarchies, and they come in two classes: those with 2x2 matrix kernels and those with general differential kernels.
684h agoThe stability of two stationary solutions of the parametrically driven, damped nonlinear Dirac equation is determined by their sensitivity to small disturbances, with one solution always being unstable and the other being stable if dissipation is large enough.
684h agoThe Stuart-Landau system extended to dimensions greater than 2 using Clifford's geometric algebra shows oscillatory dynamics confined to a hypersphere with extreme multistability, where an infinite number of limiting orbits coexist, each with a torus geometry.
684h agoIntroducing a PT-symmetric complex potential in the ABS model of the cubic Dirac equation causes solitons to experience oscillations in charge and energy, with the imaginary part of the potential inducing these oscillations at the same frequency and phase as the momentum.
684h agoHeterogeneity in laser parameters can promote synchronization in coupled lasers, allowing for stable coherence and power scaling in photonic systems.
684h agoThe solution to the Yang-Baxter-like matrix equation $AXA = XAX$ for a general given matrix $A$ yields all anti-commuting solutions using the Jordan canonical form of $A$.
684h agoA new framework quantifies causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems by linking approximate dynamical reversibility to singular value decomposition of inverse covariance matrices.
684h agoThe Ikeda map in the conservative limit exhibits dynamics that can be interpreted as a composition of a rotation and a translation of the state vector, leading to the formation of shearless barriers when the system becomes nonintegrable.
684h agoAdding simple prediction abilities to both preys and predators in a model leads to a new dynamic equilibrium where both species coexist and their populations grow indefinitely.
684h agoA mathematical conjecture proposes that interacting agent systems approach a balanced state where inputs to each agent compensate each other when individual interactions do not scale down in proportion to the network size.
684h agoIncreasing the initial total circulation of vortices accelerates turbulence onset, changes transport from sub- to super-diffusive, and determines late-time behavior in decaying incompressible 2D Navier-Stokes turbulence.
684h agoHeterogeneity in laser parameters can promote synchronization in coupled lasers, allowing for stable coherence and power scaling in photonic systems.
684h agoThe Yukawa-SYK model bridges single-particle and many-body chaos, and its interaction strength controls the transition between different chaotic regimes.
684h agoMachine learning models using Artificial Neural Networks provide more accurate predictions of quantum wavefunction probability distributions, while Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems provide more interpretable results with fewer parameters.
684h agoInteractions and quasiperiodic driving in a one-dimensional boson model can generate synthetic dimensions, leading to Anderson localization and critical behavior in two, three, or four effective dimensions.
684h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law, which states that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency, is confirmed by experimental results from a large number of materials over the past fifty years.
684h agoNon-Hermitian systems with non-reciprocal hopping show a non-Hermitian skin effect where states localize exponentially at one edge under open boundary conditions.
684h agoExposing amorphous indium oxide films to an electron beam at room temperature makes the exposed region superconducting with an adjustable transition temperature up to 2.8 K.
684h agoA new class of materials called Gyromorphs combines disorder and rotational order, enabling the formation of low-index-contrast isotropic bandgaps and outperforming other materials in 2D and 3D.
684h agoTopological area-law-entangled phases emerge in monitored free-fermion dynamics, hosting dynamical topological modes whose entanglement is protected from being quenched by measurements.
684h agoThe scaling theory of fading ergodicity shows that two-parameter scaling governs the entire ergodic regime in interacting systems, evolving into one-parameter scaling at the ergodicity breaking critical point and giving rise to resilient one-parameter scaling near the ETH point.
684h agoThe mismatch negativity brain response is generated by additional input to the brain's outer layers from the thalamus, which causes specific currents in brain cells that produce the response.
684h agoAnimals can link events with their outcomes even if they happen far apart in time, and neural networks can achieve this by reactivating prior events at the time of the outcome.
704h agoA neuroscience-inspired neural network model uses feedback inhibition to improve pattern separation and stable activity, and also provides insights into cognitive disorders and robot learning.
704h agoParvalbumin interneurons in the striatum help restrain actions and precisely control the timing of movements by synchronizing the firing of other neurons.
704h agoThe neural activity of lumbar spinal neurons exhibits rotational dynamics during locomotion and transitions to a fixed-point attractor when stopping, reflecting a low-dimensional locomotor manifold and a postural manifold.
704h agoIntrinsic fluctuations in ion dynamics serve as a neural mechanism for the temporal organization of co-fluctuations and resting-state functional connectivity.
704h agoThe lateral horn neurons reformat the activity of projection neurons in two distinct ways, discarding information about odor identities with similar valence and about continuing odor presence.
704h agoAstrocytes in the hippocampus have distinct subtypes with different characteristics, and these subtypes respond differently to aging, showing changes in gene expression, protein function, and interaction with neurons.
704h agoNeural circuits in the frontal orienting field (FOF) and anterior dorsal striatum (ADS) encode time and sensory evidence during decision-making, with FOF and ADS sharing similar dynamics during evidence evaluation but diverging near decision commitment.
704h agoBMP signaling determines prion entry into cells, with its activation increasing prion uptake and its dysregulation occurring during chronic prion infection.
716h agoRepeated opioid withdrawal episodes cause microglia in the brain to become more reactive, leading to a proinflammatory response and more severe withdrawal symptoms.
720h agoMutations in the GBA1 gene cause neuronopathic Gaucher disease by leading to defective acid beta-glucosidase and accumulation of glycosphingolipid substrates, which results in inflammation and neurodegeneration.
720h agoThe alternative splicing of a circadian clock gene, timeless, regulates seasonal responses of Pigment Dispersing Factor signaling, helping insects adapt to seasonal changes.
720h agoTask congruence affects how neural populations encode information, with incongruent rules reducing cross-task generalizability, increasing neural complexity, and impacting cognitive flexibility.
720h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides a unified explanation for brain responses to rare and unexpected events, and for how attention affects processing of relevant stimuli.
720h agoThe retina detects salient visual stimuli and sends this information to the superior colliculus, rather than the superior colliculus generating it on its own.
720h agoCurrent rat models of Gulf War illness are unreliable and fail to consistently produce symptoms of the condition, posing challenges for developing effective treatments.
720h agoAssociative dendritic-spine enlargement plays a causal role in supporting awake cortical processing and wakefulness.
720h agoParkinson's disease can be modeled in the spiny mouse, which shows more pronounced behavioral impairments, greater brain degeneration, and higher protein inclusions than mice, providing new insights into the disease's molecular underpinnings.
724h agoKetamine disrupts conscious access in healthy subjects by reducing early visual responses, and this disruption relates to its psychotomimetic effects.
724h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex and hippocampus interact to support rapid learning and retrieval of goal-directed actions in humans, with hippocampal ripples playing a key role in coordinating communication between these brain areas.
728h agoPlateau potentials in the neocortex rapidly reshape neuronal representations through behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity, supporting rapid learning by changing synaptic weights in a single trial.
728h agoThe anterior claustrum dynamically integrates different inputs over time and broadcasts a changing representation to other brain regions, allowing for context-dependent interpretation.
728h agoThe basolateral amygdala pathway to the prelimbic cortex regulates and reduces the motivational effects of reward-associated cues, making them less desirable.
728h agoThe cerebellum's dentate nucleus plays an active role in memory consolidation, with information transferred from the cerebellar cortex to the nuclei as learning progresses.
728h agoScientists developed a method to selectively target dopamine neurons in mice and marmosets using specially designed viruses, allowing for more precise study of these brain cells.
732h agoShort-term dynamics directly influence long-term plasticity, shaping neural circuit connectivity and information processing through changes in synaptic frequency dependence.
732h agoEmotional salience strengthens neural tracking of attended conversations by sharpening attentional selection and semantic integration, and it does so in a nonlinear way across the conversational arc.
732h agoDisruption of somatotopic patterning along the whisker-to-barrel pathway affects mice's ability to discriminate textures and their exploratory behavior.
732h agoKetamine and psilocybin have distinct effects on sensory learning in the brain, with ketamine reducing the effect of sensory precision and both drugs reducing the expression of belief precision.
732h agoCalcium permeates through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by partial dehydration, while magnesium blocks the channel by remaining hydrated and binding outside the selectivity filter.
732h agoSurround modulation shapes neural responses across the visual hierarchy, with motion-dependent suppression in motion-selective areas, facilitation in early visual areas, and category-dependent modulation in scene-selective regions.
732h agoA multi-scale simulation approach predicts that disease-associated variants of the AMPAR neuroreceptor and voltage-gated ion channels impact neuronal excitability by altering membrane potential and neural spikes.
736h agoAn offline reconstruction pipeline for GE dMRI acquisitions provides access to complex, unfiltered dMRI data, allowing for denoising in the complex domain, which offers superior noise floor suppression and improved data quality compared to scanner reconstruction and proprietary denoising methods.
736h agoCircadian clocks in Drosophila melanogaster integrate light and temperature cycles with varying lag times to regulate activity and gene expression, with morning and evening activity showing different temperature sensitivity.
736h agoPathogenic variants in SLC6A1 reduce GABA uptake by 89.4% on average, and some variants of uncertain significance also show reduced uptake, providing a basis for reclassification.
736h agoThe Kv6.4 potassium channel subunit modifies the firing properties of fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive neurons, enhancing their ability to release GABA and precisely control inhibitory output.
736h agoEstradiol increases wakefulness and decreases sleep in female rats by acting on specific brain regions, particularly the median preoptic nucleus, through estrogen receptors.
736h agoLarge-language models boost brain-computer interface spellers by correcting errors and transforming them into intelligent agents that can assist and discuss with users.
736h agoFear causes people to rapidly reconfigure their visual attention, prioritizing threat detection, and increases their affective arousal, with acute and sustained fear having distinct effects on eye movements and pupil size.
736h agoPeople with multiple sclerosis have higher levels of lactate in a key brain region, which correlates with their perceived effort, and different responses to physical tasks compared to healthy controls.
736h agoThe left anterior temporal lobe underpins abstract verbal semantic processing, while the left fusiform gyrus contributes to general semantic processing across verbal and non-verbal stimuli, and the left posterior middle temporal gyrus plays a critical role in integrating verbal and non-verbal semantic information.
736h agomiR-219 and other microRNAs regulate synaptic plasticity by controlling Ral signaling via RalGPS, enabling presynaptic remodeling and growth in response to neuronal activity.
740h agoThe hippocampus and cortices of the medial temporal lobe are involved in working memory, with different subregions playing distinct roles during the process of learning, maintaining, and manipulating information.
740h agoMotor imagery modulates both cortical and spinal cord processing, offering potential for neurorehabilitation in conditions like spinal cord injury and stroke.
740h agoMotor commands do not always return to their original state after adaptation to a changed environment is no longer needed, especially for complex actions like walking.
740h agoAuditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) can assess auditory masking, which decreases ASSR amplitude, and the relationship between ASSR and masking threshold depends on the frequency, level of the probe signal, and the masker level.
740h agoSpinal neurons encode limb posture through a combination of joint-based and limb-centered representations, with some neurons firing selectively at specific limb configurations to provide a framework for controlling movement.
740h agoDopamine depletion changes the dynamics of acetylcholine in the striatum, and L-DOPA treatment fails to normalize these changes.
740h agoA new EEG-based model, MHASNet, accurately classifies taste perceptions into five categories with 94.33% accuracy, providing an objective, neurophysiology-based solution for taste evaluation.
740h agoRepresentational drift in the neural code is caused by presenting specific stimuli, with drift for a given set of stimuli accelerating when that set is presented and slowing down when other stimuli are presented.
740h agoRetinoic acid-like signaling molecule DM04 enhances nerve regeneration by promoting neurite outgrowth, neural induction, and motor recovery in spinal injury models.
740h agoThe brain's sensory maps of the back are preserved in people with chronic low back pain, challenging the idea that this condition is caused by changes in the brain's sensory processing.
740h agoPupillary responses vary with the task being performed, with glossiness ratings associated with pupil constriction and attractiveness ratings associated with pupil dilation at different times.
744h agoAutism spectrum disorders are linked to changes in the striatum, a brain region important for learning and motor control, with specific cell types showing altered gene expression and synaptic functions.
744h agoThe APOE CC variant protects against Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Parkinson's disease proteinopathies, including amyloid-beta, tau, and alpha-synuclein pathologies.
748h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
756h agoDeep learning models that mimic biological neural networks have driven major breakthroughs in developing models of perception and cognitive processes, but they still struggle with incremental learning and rely on biologically implausible error propagation algorithms.
756h agoFunctional brain graphs occupy a low-dimensional latent geometry where topological and spectral structures vary together, and this geometry can meaningfully separate brain states and decode visual stimuli.
756h agoHumans use 3D body position information to judge social interactions, and simple 3D pose features describing face position and direction can accurately predict human social judgments.
756h agoAn expanded polyglutamine in huntingtin causes toxic gain of function, leading to protein aggregation and neuronal death through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding mechanisms.
756h agoBlock-Term Tensor Discriminant Analysis (BTTDA) enhances classification accuracy in brain-computer interfaces by providing flexible multilinear dimensionality reduction, outperforming traditional methods in electroencephalography data classification.
756h agoA novel method based on convex relaxation and optimization solves the problem of fitting reinforcement learning models to behavioral data in multi-armed bandit environments with comparable performance to the state-of-the-art but with reduced computation time.
756h agoBiological brains likely use overlapping sparse ensembles of neurons to store memories, not dedicated storage locations, and this approach allows for greater retention of older memories.
756h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) states that consciousness is fundamental to existence, and that an entity's cause-effect structure explains all properties of experience.
756h agoScaling artificial neural networks does not improve alignment with the brain's visual processing patterns, but it does improve alignment with human object recognition behavior.
756h agoRecurrent neural networks trained in closed-loop environments follow different learning trajectories and are governed by competing objectives of short-term policy improvement and long-term stability.
756h agoTwo-dimensional discrete operators with eigenfunctions given by rational functions on spectral curves can be extended to difference operators that yield two-dimensional finite-gap Schrodinger operators at a fixed energy level through a limiting process.
756h agoA hybrid data-driven framework combines score-based generative modeling with Neural Ordinary Differential Equations to accurately model multiscale dynamical systems, reproducing both long-term statistical properties and short-term transient dynamics.
756h agoThe experiment demonstrates hidden multistability, where certain stable states are not detectable through conventional methods, using a programmable acoustic platform with competing nonlinearities.
756h agoDisorder and nonlinearity in a one-dimensional stub lattice lead to three distinct dynamical regimes: weak chaos, strong chaos, and self-trapping, with subdiffusive spreading observed in the weak and strong chaos regimes.
756h agoThe coupled Stuart-Landau equation study finds that unidirectionally coupled non-isochronous Stuart-Landau oscillators exhibit complex dynamics, including periodic, quasiperiodic, partially synchronized, and chaotic behavior, depending on parameter values.
756h agoEntropy increases because information accessibility is geometrically bounded, resolving the paradox of time-reversible microscopic dynamics and irreversible macroscopic evolution.
756h agoThe first-order trotterization of the critical transverse field Ising model retains its conserved quantities and exhibits a non-invertible Kramers-Wannier duality-symmetry that accounts for discrete translations in both space and time.
756h agoIn fragmented habitats, individuals with stronger competitive traits accumulate in central areas, while those with weaker traits are displaced to the periphery, leading to spatial segregation.
756h agoIn ecosystems with many species, coexistence is feasible under certain conditions, and species abundances follow a Gaussian distribution at equilibrium, but feasibility often breaks down before stability as the number of species increases.
756h agoCritical slowing down can be used to predict tipping points in complex systems by measuring changes in the relaxation rate after perturbations.
756h agoNoise affects the performance of digital memcomputing machines, causing a chaotic transition from successful to unsuccessful problem-solving, and their solvability correlates with the sign of the mean largest Lyapunov exponent.
756h agoLie group methods are applied to delay ordinary differential equations to classify invariant equations, construct invariant solutions, and relate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches.
756h agoThe internal community structure of populations determines the course of epidemics, with highly connected groups accelerating outbreaks and less connected ones slowing them down.
756h agoLocalized focused ion beam irradiation induces stochastic oscillatory dynamics in simple two-terminal switching devices made of V2O3, leading to rapid current flickering and nonlinear behavior.
756h agoLocalization transitions occur with the breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is a concept defined by the long-time dynamics of local observables.
756h agoA physics-guided contrastive learning framework called XCCP accurately retrieves crystal structures and identifies symmetry from powder X-ray diffraction patterns, enabling high-throughput screening and autonomous laboratories.
756h agoDisorder and nonlinearity in a one-dimensional stub lattice lead to three distinct dynamical regimes: weak chaos, strong chaos, and self-trapping, with subdiffusive spreading observed in the weak and strong chaos regimes.
756h agoOptimal thresholding for lossy compression of a stochastic signal reveals Pareto-optimal trade-offs between retained mutual information and encoding cost, following a universal cube-root scaling with the product of the prior distribution and Fisher information.
756h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a huge number of materials, as experimental results confirm that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency.
756h agoThe interacting Anderson Quantum Sun model exhibits unconventional phases, including one with volume-law entanglement and intermediate spectral statistics, and another with Poisson level statistics and sub-volume entanglement growth.
756h agoSparse random matrices often exhibit unbounded eigenvalue tails, called Lifshitz tails, and an analytical approach characterises these tails by linking eigenvalues to exponentially localised eigenvectors on highly-connected hubs of the network.
756h agoSimple active models of matter can reproduce complex biological phenomena, and activity in these models affects how particles escape cages and fluctuate in lower dimensions.
756h agoSmall singular values and their vectors in transformer models capture considerable information about the data, just like large ones.
756h agoThe Landauer-Büttiker formula is extended to describe particle and energy currents with gain or loss in a finite region, revealing novel effects including current generation, disorder-induced current, and modified thermal and electrical conductances.
756h agoLarge Language Models achieve peak generalization from minimal data when tuned to a sharp learning transition, allowing them to solve complex problems in fundamental physics.
756h agoDeterministic quasipolynomial-time algorithms estimate the partition function to high accuracy for spin glasses in the mean-field setting.
756h agoExposure to World War II bombings in the womb during the last trimester reduces grey matter volume in the brain, which leads to lower intelligence and higher obesity in adulthood.
756h agoMini-pcdh15b-V4 restores photoreceptor structure and visual function in a zebrafish model of Usher syndrome type 1F, rescuing vision loss by recapitulating typical localization of Pcdh15b and re-establishing photoreceptor architecture and functional output.
756h agoHIV-1 infection disrupts the gut microbiome, and a compound called S-Equol changes this microbiome in a way that affects motivation for cocaine in infected rats.
756h agoThe human dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contains 22 types of sensory neurons and 10 types of non-neuronal cells that play a crucial role in sensing pain, touch, temperature, and movement.
756h agoThe human brain processes audiovisual information through two complementary patterns of organization: a modality-switching system and a system with balanced representation of auditory and visual information.
760h agoEarly caregiving experience changes the development of chloride transporters KCC2 and NKCC1 in the brain, affecting how neurons respond to inhibitory signals.
760h agoAutism-linked genes are mainly expressed in the developing thalamus and germinal zones of the brain, with specific brain cells and areas showing high levels of these genes.
764h agoThe APPA673T mutation reduces amyloid-beta plaque size in 5xFAD mice, and modifies amyloid-beta pathology in a genotype-dependent manner.
764h agoBinocular conflict suppresses neural responses in mouse visual cortex, with cells that prefer ipsilateral gratings being suppressed and those that prefer contralateral gratings being less suppressed or enhanced.
764h agoTwo distinct subtypes of major depressive disorder are identified based on changes in brain connectivity, with Subtype I showing overconnected brain areas linked to severe symptoms and Subtype II showing underconnected brain areas linked to treatment resistance.
764h agoEstrogen regulates fat taste transduction in the taste system, particularly for fatty acid signaling, and influences the role of certain proteins in taste cells.
764h agoThe human brain's cognitive networks have different organization patterns in the left and right hemispheres, and this organization varies more than expected across individuals, with no single pattern linked to higher cognitive ability.
764h agoThe eardrum does not move or has a minimal impact on sound perception during eye movements, as sound localization performance does not vary with eardrum oscillations.
764h agoNew machine vision technology enables precise measurement of behaviour in freely moving animals, and a standardized system and data processing method can be used to obtain 3D reconstructions of mouse behaviour.
764h agoAstrocytes develop distinct behaviors and functions in 3D hydrogels with different extracellular matrix components, such as fibrin, which affects their conversion into neurons.
764h agoImmature olfactory sensory neurons provide distinct odor input that helps with odor detection but not discrimination in the healthy olfactory system.
764h agoRhythmic light stimulation produces multiple neural responses that coexist and have different impacts on cognition, contributing to variable study results.
764h agoSensory inputs from the nose are internalized during sleep, with brain activity in the olfactory bulb diminishing during sleep and reappearing during wakefulness.
764h agoBody cues dominate visual cues in human spatial navigation, even in large and visually rich environments.
764h agoDifferent populations of octopaminergic neurons drive arousal in larvae and adult flies, showing a developmental switch in sleep-wake circuit architecture.
764h agoMidbrain dopamine neurons reinforce actions by making stimuli valuable, which in turn supports the generation of action value representations in the intermediate caudoputamen.
768h agoThe prefrontal regions, specifically the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, contribute to visual perceptual learning during sleep, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex involved in learning during non-REM sleep and the medial prefrontal cortex involved in stabilizing learning during REM sleep.
768h agoIndividuals with asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease maintain cognitive function due to preserved mitochondrial bioenergetics, characterized by enhanced energy production and metabolism in certain brain cells.
768h agoThe accuracy of lesion mapping analyses varies widely depending on the specific design used, with certain analysis designs performing better in terms of sensitivity and specificity to underlying critical correlates.
768h agoNatural soundscapes reduce neural costs of noise exposure and preserve cognitive function, while noise exposure impairs attention and increases stress.
768h agoA new model called LORAX creates better representations of odorants, enabling it to outperform existing models on predictive tasks by aligning more closely with olfactory neural representation.
768h agoThe subthalamic nucleus plays multiple roles in decision formation and evaluation by processing sensory evidence, reward expectations, and decision evaluation, and is composed of subpopulations of neurons with different activity patterns.
768h agoThe brain scans of mice with Huntington's disease show similar structural abnormalities to those found in humans with the disease, including shrinkage in the striatum, cortex, and corpus callosum, and growth in the cerebellum.
768h agoBarrel cortex microcircuits process input from multiple whiskers in a direction-dependent way, with synaptic circuitry shaped to preserve temporal fidelity and selectively filter inputs according to whisking phase and direction.
768h agoThe motor cortex instructs limb muscle activity patterns during climbing by selectively activating certain muscles at specific activity states through distinct neural activity patterns.
776h agoMicroglia influence how amyloid-β affects astrocyte reactivity in Alzheimer's disease, contributing to cognitive impairment through tau phosphorylation and aggregation.
776h agoFAPEX, a novel seizure prediction architecture, achieves approximately 10% improvement in F1-score and sensitivity over state-of-the-art baselines and consistently outperforms 33 baselines across 12 benchmarks.
780h agoCortical circuits' diverse responses enable the inference of mechanistic circuit models, and a new statistical theory allows for analytically tractable and diverse dynamics in feature-tuned balanced state networks.
780h agoBeta-band activity in the frontal cortex signals categorical decision outcomes, and its frequency shifts reflect changes in brain communication channels.
780h agoPeople's choices in uncertain environments often match the frequencies of their desired outcomes, even if this approach is not optimal, and can be explained by a simple combination of matching, antimatching, maximizing, and minimizing strategies.
780h agoThe coupled Chialvo neurons exhibit multistable behavior with two qualitatively different attractors, a chaotic basin that occupies most of the state space and a nonchaotic basin that stretches to infinity, with a fractal boundary leading to extreme final state sensitivity.
780h agoThe NSD-synthetic dataset provides out-of-distribution generalization tests that help develop more robust models of visual processing and human vision.
780h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function serves as a robust indicator of conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
780h agoRecent advances in computational techniques have enabled individualized optimization of transcranial electrical stimulation by allowing for dynamic and subject-specific stimulation planning.
780h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of progress in brain emulation since 2008, outlining current capabilities, ongoing challenges, and strategic priorities.
780h agoDynamics in low-rank networks can be high- or low-dimensional, and are suppressed in directions aligned with the network's low-rank structure when driven by high-dimensional inputs or perturbations.
780h agoA new type of recurrent neural network, called Fast Weight Programmers, uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage, changing dynamically over time based on input observations.
780h agoThe reverse space-time higher-order modified self-steepening nonlinear Schrödinger equation has integrability verified through its Lax pair and conservation laws, and exhibits novel wave solutions including kinks, solitons, and rogue waves.
780h agoNetworks with specific structure and dynamics can exhibit stable patterns of active and inactive clusters, where nodes in active clusters have nonzero velocity and nodes in inactive clusters do not.
780h agoA novel type of lattice suppresses umklapp processes induced by cubic nonlinearity, allowing it to achieve closer to ballistic transport than existing lattices.
780h agoThe Rossler system exhibits transitions between different types of chaotic attractors through a generalized intermittency scenario.
780h agoThe cubic Szegö equation, a classical field theory, has a Lax integrability structure that allows for an explicit general solution, and its quantum version has purely integer spectra, indicating a special structure.
780h agoThe Lotka-Volterra model shows that seasonal variations in food resources lead to chaotic dynamics and spatial structure in predator-prey competition, which can enhance ecosystem resilience.
780h agoInteractions between excitons and phonons determine the stability of the superradiant state in quasi-2D structures, which is modulationally stable when the square of its amplitude does not exceed a critical intensity value.
780h agoThe coupled Chialvo neurons exhibit multistable behavior with two qualitatively different attractors, a chaotic basin that occupies most of the state space and a nonchaotic basin that stretches to infinity, with a fractal boundary leading to extreme final state sensitivity.
780h agoThe study develops an approach to describe fluctuations in the Kuramoto-Sakachu model, obtaining explicit expressions for the covariance function and variance of the complex order parameter.
780h agoSolutions to the discrete Nahm equation with platonic symmetries correspond to SU(2) magnetic monopoles in hyperbolic space, and their spectral curves can be directly calculated.
780h agoA new reaction-diffusion model generates fingerprint-like patterns that match real fingerprints in terms of microstructure distribution and basic classifications.
780h agoThe presence of a dark matter halo around a Schwarzschild-like black hole modifies the spacetime curvature and leads to chaotic motion of a massive particle moving around the black hole.
780h agoPeriodic orbits in the configuration space of ordered points on a two-dimensional sphere satisfy both semi-discrete analogues of mKdV and sine-Gordon equations and describe the characteristic motion of the Kaleidocycle.
780h agoEukaryotic cells use dynamic patterns of filamentous actin and its regulators to promote different motility modes, including directed migration, turning, and ruffling, through complex interactions between active and inactive Rho-GTPase and F-actin.
780h agoA new framework quantifies causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems by linking approximate dynamical reversibility to singular value decomposition of inverse covariance matrices.
780h agoLagrangian multiforms appear naturally in multidimensional dispersionless integrable systems as higher-order conservation laws and in the context of Gibbons-Tsarev equations.
780h agoOptimally designed networks for synchronization are sparse, bipartite, and have similar neighboring nodes, allowing them to globally phase-lock and synchronize without a threshold when a critical budget is exceeded.
780h agoThe 2D Toda hierarchy has a family of tau-functions that can be expressed as a skew Schur function expansion formula.
780h agoThe Self-Optimization model has the capacity for creativity, satisfying the necessary and sufficient conditions of a creative process, and learning is needed to find creative outcomes.
780h agoA method called cascade quantization can systematically convert classical dynamical systems in two dimensions into their quantum counterparts while respecting physical requirements.
780h agoA new approach reveals that odd elastic responses in crystalline systems lead to complex behaviors like self-rotation, self-propulsion, and fragmentation, and allows for control of these behaviors through variation of interparticle interactions.
780h agoScientists use algorithmic information theory to infer past values in chaotic systems, finding two approaches that help identify the starting value of a series given its final value.
780h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function serves as a robust indicator of conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
780h agoThe quantum error correction threshold is closely related to the Nishimori physics of random statistical models, and coherent information can serve as a sharp indicator of phase transitions along the Nishimori line.
780h agoChemically distinct glass-forming liquids have universal features in their spectrum and temperature dependence of main structural relaxation.
780h agoSobolev training, which uses both function and gradient data, improves predictive performance of neural networks only when the degree of overparameterization is properly matched with the training method.
780h agoSymmetry breaking in metasurfaces can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, and opens new electromagnetic coupling channels for polarization conversion.
780h agoA new random matrix ensemble, defined by a Dyson Brownian motion process, captures the statistical properties of many-body localization in periodically driven systems.
780h agoDisordered kinetic glass models from statistical physics can be used as toy models for autoregressive sequence generation, offering tunable correlations, easy sampling, and exact solvability in large state space dimensions.
780h agoTraining molds the Riemannian geometry of neural network feature maps, with networks learning to magnify local areas along decision boundaries, especially in classification tasks.
780h agoAll short-ranged microscopic disorders flow to the same universal fixed point in the strong-coupling limit of the functional renormalization group.
780h agoCorrelations between energy levels help distinguish if a many-body system is integrable or chaotic, and a corrected surmise accurately captures spectral correlations in random matrices.
780h agoSelf-attention layers can be understood through dynamical systems analysis, which reveals that normalization plays a key role in suppressing instability and oscillatory components, and that operating near a critical state is linked to high inference performance.
780h agoNeural Importance Resampling enables efficient and unbiased sampling for simulating many-body quantum systems, supporting stable and scalable training for neural quantum states.
780h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep physiology through the gut-microbiota-brain axis, and disruptions in its composition contribute to sleep disorders, neuroinflammation, and immune dysfunction.
784h agoArtificial neural networks can develop patterns similar to mirror neurons in the human brain, which support cooperative behavior and empathy-like mechanisms, and may help align AI systems with human values.
784h agoTourette syndrome is caused by rare genetic mutations, particularly protein-truncating mutations in genes that are intolerant to loss-of-function variation, which are distinct from those that cause autism spectrum disorder.
788h agoEngineered inducible Calling Cards enable recording of DNA binding events in the living mouse, allowing precise control of when recording occurs.
788h agoPeople born without the sense of smell have changes in brain tissue, mainly around the area responsible for processing smells, and specifically have decreased white matter in areas surrounding the olfactory sulcus.
788h agoFace information is structured in the middle layer of the fusiform face area (FFA) before further processing, as shown by higher decoding accuracies for face images in this layer.
788h agoEEG activity and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen are related and together underpin resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging metrics, with cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen serving as a primary mediator of their association.
788h agoRepetitive learning enhances the parietal old/new effect, a neural marker of long-term memory, by increasing its amplitude and speed, but leaves the frontal old/new effect unchanged.
788h agoPlasticity in neural networks negates the functional equivalence between recurrent neural networks and feedforward neural networks, limiting the unfolding argument for consciousness.
792h agoBrain organization asymmetries in people with a rare condition called situs inversus totalis are mostly similar to those without the condition, but certain structural asymmetries are often reversed.
792h agoThe brain uses separate neural systems, one in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex for pleasant situations and another in the anterior insula for unpleasant situations, to encode the value of experiences and guide decision making.
792h agoA new EEG Source Imaging method accurately localizes epileptic zones from High-Resolution ElectroEncephaloGraphy data by imposing sparsity on source-level activity and its spatial gradient.
792h agoHuman neurons have faster excitatory synaptic transmissions that enable rapid extraction of hidden patterns in complex environments.
792h agoThis study identifies brain regions that can be targeted with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance learning of new words, and finds that a specific task can reliably measure language learning and brain activity changes.
792h agoThe primary visual cortex (V1) exhibits a functional organization for speed tuning, with cells tuned for speed clustering together and simple and complex cells showing speed tuning across cortical layers.
792h agoA chemical genetic-based screening approach identified stimuli that modulate gene expression differences in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) neurons, producing data that can be used to discover potential treatments for the disease.
792h agoA specific genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor gene influences how female prairie voles interact with unfamiliar males, causing them to spend more time observing from a distance, especially at the start of interactions.
792h agoKids with congenital heart defects have ongoing problems with blood flow to the brain, which can affect their thinking skills, and these problems differ by sex and defect severity.
792h agoStatistical learning is not affected by sex or hormonal influences, but sex and menstrual cycle may shape some aspects of visuomotor behavior.
792h agoEphaptic coupling, or electrical field effects of depolarizing neurons, plays a role in synchronizing neural ensembles and influences the development of neural circuits by affecting the timing of neuronal spikes.
792h agoThe hippocampus has different parts that handle different tasks, with the dorsal part mainly processing spatial information and the ventral part handling emotional information, but cells in different regions respond similarly to spatial and social/odor stimuli.
792h agoSIRT1 regulates depression by modulating cellular metabolism and circadian clock-controlled transcriptional regulation in different types of neurons in the brain.
792h agoA new chemogenetic tool can inhibit a single subtype of voltage-gated sodium channel, allowing for precise studies of channel physiology and potentially manipulating action potential signals.
792h agoThe cerebral blood flow and cell-body staining intensity similarity index (CCSI) reveals a region-specific alignment between laminar vascular and cellular profiles across the cortex.
792h agoThe brain stores memories of sickness experiences, which when recalled, trigger reduced metabolism and increased immune responses.
792h agoNeurofeedback training produces a small-to-moderate improvement in memory performance in healthy adults, particularly in younger adults and with protocols using electroencephalography and targeting verbal and short-term memory.
796h agoScientists have identified an autoimmune target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
796h agoFast readers think ahead to upcoming words when reading.
796h agoDopamine neuron firing reflects behavioral exertion.
796h agoExoskeleton stiffness modifies muscle dynamics, but does not change spindle firing, which shows weak correlations with muscle length, velocity, force, and yank.
800h agoThe visual thalamus represents the motion of a subject's movements, whether self-generated or externally imposed, in a simple and efficient way by combining active and passive motion signals.
800h agoV1 cortico-cortical projection neurons develop connections with higher visual areas through a process of directed guidance, where specific neuron subtypes establish selective patterns early, followed by local refinement.
800h agoEstrogen signaling in microglia limits metabolic problems caused by a high-fat diet, with male mice being more affected than female mice when this signaling is disrupted.
800h agoAI-generated pictures evoke similar emotional responses to original pictures, with both types of pictures eliciting stronger responses to emotional content than neutral content.
800h agoA new computational framework called CeDNe integrates different types of data to analyze the neural circuits of C. elegans, allowing researchers to connect network structure with function.
800h agoThe brain uses condition-invariant neural codes to decode speech intelligibility across different listening environments, with contributions from auditory, frontal, and parietal regions.
804h agoCytoNet, a foundation model, encodes microscopic images of the cerebral cortex into expressive features, enabling comprehensive brain analyses and top-tier performance in tasks such as cortical area classification and cell morphology estimation.
804h agoCognitive control helps individuals pursue goals by managing perception, valuation, and action, and researchers understand it as a dynamic and distributed neural process involving brain regions that send top-down signals to guide task-specific activity.
804h agoSchizophrenia compresses the sensory-to-association hierarchy in the brain, indicating reduced functional differentiation, and this compression disrupts neural computations, leading to less stable neural states.
804h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep by influencing brain and body functions through the gut-microbiota-brain axis, and disruptions in its composition can lead to sleep disorders and other health problems.
804h agoArtificial neural networks can develop patterns similar to mirror neurons in the human brain, which support cooperative behavior and empathy-like mechanisms, and could be used to embed ethical decision-making directly within AI architectures.
804h agoThe Structurally Adaptive Predictive Inference Network (SAPIN) model learns by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid, allowing it to successfully solve the CartPole task and maintain a stable policy.
804h agoDeep learning models can reliably predict a person's entire brain MRI several years into the future from a baseline MRI, allowing for individualized prognosis.
804h agoIntermediate arousal maximizes neural discriminability of tones in the auditory cortex, with a spiking model revealing that this relationship is due to a transition from a multi-attractor to a single-attractor phase in cortical networks.
804h agoNeurons operate in two modes, coincidence detection and integration, which can be explained by a simplified model that captures their subthreshold dynamics.
804h agoA new algorithm, the Desynchronization Index (DI), identifies the Epileptogenic Zone (EZ) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy by detecting independent behavior in brain channels, outperforming traditional methods.
804h agoTask-modulated contrastive learning integrates top-down information to enable continual learning from a stream of unlabeled data and sparsely labeled examples without compromising generalization.
804h agoEmergent properties arise in systems with many interacting parts, exhibiting characteristics such as universality, complexity, and unpredictability, and are central to understanding major scientific and societal challenges across multiple disciplines.
804h agoForgetting at a certain rate helps a walker learn and localize around a resource on a lattice, achieving a faster learning process without compromising memory.
804h agoA novel framework trains human neural organoids to form and adapt internal world models, enabling them to understand, predict, and interact with virtual environments.
804h agoThe study investigates the theory of R-brackets, Baxter brackets, and Nijenhuis brackets in Banach setting and their applications to solving Lax equations associated with Banach Manin triples.
804h agoThe interaction between transport protocols like TCP and UDP and Active Queuing Management schemes like RED can produce complex dynamics, including period doubling and border collision bifurcations, due to nonlinearities and delays.
804h agoHydrogen bonds are influenced by quantum tunnelling, which affects their structure and dynamics, and a new model describes how isotope substitution impacts proton and deuteron tunnelling across these bonds.
804h agoProton tunneling across hydrogen bonds can be accurately modeled using a wavefunction-based framework with a simple double-well potential.
804h agoThe induced modulation instability in second-harmonic generation exhibits a regime of recurrence, driven by non-degenerate downconversion, where the pump and modulation convert back and forth in a quasi-periodic process.
804h agoThe response of nonlinear resonators to multifrequency driving reveals rich dynamics, with a competition between drives governed by detuning and relative amplitudes, leading to dynamical phase transitions and asymmetry in the phase diagram.
804h agoQuantum droplets are ultra-soft quantum elastic media with an elastic bulk modulus that can be less than $1~\mathrm{\mu Pa}$, and their elasticity depends on particle number and interparticle interaction strength.
804h agoVarying the polarization angle and trap aspect ratio in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate creates different patterns, including stripes, curved stripes, and labyrinths, which can be controlled by polarization angle, trap geometry, and population imbalance.
804h agoQuantized soliton pumping is observed in Aubry-Andre-Harper model when a synthetic nonlinearity is introduced, and the localized excitations driving this pumping are Wannier functions of uniformly filled bands.
804h agoA network of nonlocally coupled dissipative kicked rotors exhibits critical transitions in its phase diagram, including bifurcations of spatiotemporal patterns and changes in basin sizes of coherent states, which differ from those in other coupled systems.
804h agoLie group methods are applied to delay ordinary differential equations to classify invariant equations, construct invariant solutions, and relate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches.
804h agoThe Hamiltonian flow of the inhomogeneous six-vertex model is integrable, as shown by the computation of its action-angle variables.
804h agoThe superposition of two flows created by permanent magnets and a weak constant current leads to efficient mixing in a cubic cavity through chaotic streamlines.
804h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
804h agoPlace-cell networks with higher-order neural interactions can store a large number of patterns, enabling recognition and navigation on general surfaces in 3-dimensional space.
804h agoThe bulk-boundary decomposition reveals that deep neural network training dynamics can be separated into a data-independent bulk term and a data-dependent boundary term.
804h agoDegree correlations and clustering in complex networks alter both the percolation threshold and critical exponents, and the degree distribution alone is insufficient to determine universality classes.
804h agoOntological Differentiation, a method measuring concept divergence through definition overlap, provides a new, definition-based metric of semantic similarity that is largely independent of existing similarity measures.
804h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
804h agoLocalization remains stable under weak interactions, with corrections to noninteracting local integrals of motion being well-controlled for at least an O(1) fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
804h agoQuantum reservoir computing can be implemented through quantum transport in mesoscopic electronic systems, enabling efficient computation with several advantages including compatibility with existing device fabrication techniques.
804h agoA block-diagonal quantum geometric tensor improves the optimization of neural quantum states by preserving essential curvature, removing noisy correlations, and enabling faster convergence and lower energy.
804h agoA machine learning decoder efficiently corrects errors in quantum logical circuits with entangling gates with competitive accuracy and much faster speed than conventional methods.
804h agoAir pollution exposure is linked to changes in children's white matter microstructure, specifically lower neurite density, but no statistically significant associations were found with overall white matter microstructural integrity.
812h agoHierarchical amplitude modulation provides a circuit-level mechanism for hierarchical encoding, where information is encoded in the envelope of a carrier and brain rhythms modulate the amplitude of faster rhythms, producing a cascade of nested oscillatory envelopes.
812h agoThe retrieval of a conditioned memory triggers changes in brain activity, including decreased beta-band activity and altered microstate dynamics, which may reflect enhanced processing of the memory.
812h agoMemory reactivation during rest after retrieval modifies and strengthens previously encoded representations, with beta-band activity and frontal network dynamics playing a crucial role in facilitating long-term memory.
812h agoAutistic children show altered neural synchronization when processing faces, which is linked to greater cognitive effort and differences in early network synchronization compared to non-autistic peers.
812h agoCRISPR gene editing can be targeted to specific neural circuits using a new tool called CRISPR-rabies virus, allowing precise gene modifications and modulation of neural activity.
812h agoMotor skill learning involves a fundamental inverse relationship between brain and movement dynamics, where more organized brain activity supports more flexible movement patterns.
812h agoSleep protects declarative memories equally, whether they are initially strong or weak, and helps maintain memory performance similar to that immediately after learning.
812h agoScientists have created a new model of the human hippocampus using stem cells, which helps to understand how the hippocampus develops and how environmental stressors, such as excess glucocorticoids, can impair its growth.
812h agoTraveling waves in the brain propagate in complex spatial patterns that correlate with behaviors such as memory encoding, maintenance, and retrieval, and can reveal hidden spirals that distinguish between separate cognitive states.
812h agoElevated brain urea levels are present in both frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and are linked to a multi-dementia pathogenic mechanism.
812h agoDopamine receptors are expressed throughout the central auditory system of the plainfin midshipman fish, with D2a receptors predominating over D1Aa receptors.
812h agoMicroglia development involves a switch from proliferation to quiescence, which precedes the acquisition of complex morphology and efficient phagocytosis and is driven by epigenetic changes.
812h agoExecutive functions, particularly updating, play a causal role in supporting higher cognition, including fluid reasoning, visual processing, and processing speed, through flexible coordination within the frontoparietal network.
812h agoAdding orientation selectivity to stimulation protocols improves the accuracy of evoked neural activity in the visual cortex, allowing for more complex visual percepts.
812h agoAHA1 regulates Abeta production by modulating APP expression and gamma-secretase assembly.
812h agoThe mammalian auditory cortex uses two different methods, one based on harmonic content and the other on temporal periodicity, to extract the fundamental frequency of a sound, and some neurons are specialized to represent pitch in an invariant way.
812h agoDopamine synthesis in the brain can be reliably measured using functional positron emission tomography (fPET) during a monetary incentive task, with varying levels of reliability across different brain regions and conditions.
812h agoThe brain modulates neural responses in one sensory modality based on prior information from another modality, and integrates linguistic and visual information through prediction errors and distinct neural populations.
812h agoStress changes how people perceive payoff magnitudes, making them take greater financial risks by having more optimistic beliefs about risky options.
816h agoAccessing meaning at different levels during encoding leads to distinct neural reactivation patterns during later memory retrieval, with encoding history leaving distinct neural signatures that can be decoded from recognition activity across the brain.
820h agoModularity-based community detection reveals that changes in functional connectivity are driven by changes within existing network modules, rather than reorganization of the modules themselves, in neural activity recordings.
820h agoSpaceflight triggers neural senescence in human brain cells through reactivation of dormant genomic retroelements, leading to inflammation and neurotoxicity that can be reversed by reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
820h agoThe indirect steering muscles, specifically the tergopleural muscles, contribute substantially to flight stabilization in Drosophila, particularly for large pitch perturbations.
820h agoMalformations of cortical development caused by faulty genes in the mTOR pathway lead to abnormal cell aggregation, which is dependent on mTOR activity and may contribute to seizures.
820h agoThe accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide is linked to a novel axis involving GSK-3beta, eIF2Bepsilon, and BACE1, where GSK-3beta-mediated eIF2Bepsilon phosphorylation enhances BACE1 translation, leading to amyloidogenesis.
820h agoLamotrigine reduces the broadband power at low frequencies in EEG signals, while levetiracetam has no measurable effects on EEG activity.
820h agoNeuroblastoma metastasis in non-MYCN amplified tumours is linked to changes in 400 genes, including Zinc Finger DHHC-Type Palmitoyltransferase 23 (zDHHC23), which can predict patient outcomes and may be a target for treatment.
820h agoRepeated strong stimulation of a neuron triggers local protein synthesis and changes protein localization, allowing the neuron to adjust its proteome in response to activity, and CaMKII protein is synthesized locally in the presynaptic neuron through a mechanism that requires specific mRNA sequences and cellular pathways.
820h agoAdding an inferior option does not reliably bias choice between two other options in perceptual tasks.
820h agoMaternal n-3 PUFA dietary deficiency alters fatty acid profiles in the placenta and brain of offspring as early as embryonic day 17.5 and affects fatty acid and oxylipin profiles throughout postnatal brain development with sex-specific differences.
820h agoThe acoustoelectric interaction enables spatially focused, non-invasive neuromodulation by combining acoustic and electric fields, allowing for precise brain stimulation without surgery.
820h agoSeizures can emerge through two distinct pathways, either by activation of inhibitory interneurons before pyramidal neurons or by concurrent activation of both populations.
820h agoAlzheimer's disease risk variants in the CD33 and SPI1 loci converge on shared functional pathways in monocytes, reducing their ability to clear amyloid-beta peptides.
820h agoApolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene affects Alzheimer's disease risk, and iPSC-derived neurons and microglia provide a valuable human model for studying neurodegenerative diseases through proteomic analysis.
820h agoHigh-codimension bifurcations, especially the codimension-3 Degenerate Takens-Bogdanov singularity, shape the dynamics of nonlinear models by connecting lower-codimension bifurcations and attractors, and research reveals that its unfolding exhibits a rich repertoire of dynamical behaviors.
820h agoThe Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) helps prepare movements by interacting with peripheral processes, reducing reaction times by directly sending outputs to the spinal cord and modulating motor unit activation.
824h agoA novel method uses psychophysiological tests and machine learning to predict a person's cognitive age.
828h agoVariational representational similarity analysis (vRSA) uses a Bayesian approach to test whether neural recordings reflect the similarity of stimuli or experimental conditions.
828h agoA dual-channel magnetic chamber system generates high-amplitude magnetic fields across two widely separated frequency channels with negligible interference, allowing for precise manipulation of neural activity in a freely moving mouse.
828h agoArtificial neural networks can be improved by incorporating biophysical properties of neural circuits, such as neuronal diversity and cell-specific neuromodulation, to enable continual learning, adaptability, robustness, and resource efficiency.
828h agoInputDSA, a new metric, compares the dynamics of two systems, taking into account both their internal workings and the impact of external inputs.
828h agoA deep learning pipeline detects and quantifies epileptic seizures in EEG signals with a 93% accuracy, by integrating a new pre-processing technique, a post-processing algorithm, and a strict evaluation procedure.
828h agoSpikeFit, a novel training method for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), enables efficient inference on neuromorphic hardware by co-optimizing model weights and discrete values, resulting in higher network compression efficiency and lower energy use.
828h agoMultidimensional solitons research has been updated with new results, including the creation of multiple quantum droplets and expanding toroidal light structures, and predictions of stable 3D vortex solitons.
828h agoPhysical Neural Networks can improve computational performance by using a layer-by-layer time-multiplexing scheme called ReLaX-Net, which efficiently reuses parameters with only minor modifications.
828h agoA new framework for Physics-Informed Neural Networks preserves key physical invariants while solving nonlinear partial differential equations, allowing for accurate and stable simulation of wave propagation.
828h agoA modified model shows that changing connections between grid nodes leads to a shift from power-law to exponential distribution of dissipated energy, resulting in microflare-dominated dynamics and loss of scale-free behavior.
828h agoMixed superposition rules describe general solutions of time-dependent systems of differential equations using particular solutions of other systems.
828h agoA new on-chip source of frequency comb uses a lithium niobate nanophotonic circuit with a semiconductor laser to produce topological solitons, enabling a simpler and more efficient way to generate frequency combs.
828h agoCausal emergence in dynamic systems is stronger at macro-states than micro-states, and a new framework accurately measures this phenomenon in systems with continuous states and Gaussian noise.
828h agoThe Martin-Siggia and Rose approach to statistical turbulence leads to a Bethe-Salpeter equation for the three-point correlation of the velocity field.
828h agoThe generalized Constantin-Lax-Majda equation has exact pole dynamics solutions in a periodic geometry with dissipation, which help analyze singularity formation in the 3D incompressible Euler equations.
828h agoThe two-parameter quantum groups have dual PBW bases in their positive and negative subalgebras, constructed using a two-parameter shuffle algebra and combinatorics of dominant Lyndon words.
828h agoSpatial patterning in ecosystems may reduce, rather than enhance, resilience, according to a new framework that relaxes assumptions of existing models and incorporates more realistic conditions.
828h agoTrotterization induces a transition from weak to chaotic dynamics at a critical time step, with distinct scaling laws governing the behavior before and after this transition.
828h agoThe correspondence principle, which links classical chaotic motion with spectral correlations, fails in dissipative quantum chaos, even in simple systems.
828h agoA binary Bose gas in a dual-core trap exhibits macroscopic quantum tunnelling, self-trapping, and localisation revivals, with analytical formulas derived for Josephson frequencies and a rich bifurcation structure revealed as the total atom number varies.
828h agoComputation with the Ising model can take place at high temperatures using spin averages, enabling a systematic correspondence between Ising devices and neural networks.
828h agoTwisting and stacking two copies of a 2D crystal or aperiodic structure produces moiré patterns or Glass patterns, which can measure microscopic parameters, modify lattice properties, and enable domain formation.
828h agoThe Minimal Vertex Cover problem's energy density on sparse random graphs can be analytically estimated using a percolation model that accounts for long-range frustration among vertex cover configurations.
828h agoThe study connects the spectral properties of random matrix operators to the particle current of a Dyson Brownian motion, and finds that the barrier-crossing probability of the motion estimates the exponential tail of the average density of states of a matrix Schrodinger operator.
828h agoThe asymmetric binary perceptron has two phase transitioning thresholds, a satisfiability threshold and an algorithmic threshold, which affect its ability to operate as a storage memory.
828h agoSite dilution leads to unconventional activated scaling behavior at the quantum phase transition in a quasi-one-dimensional quantum Ising system.
828h agoThe Edwards-Anderson model of short-range spin glasses exhibits glassy behavior, with findings including a sensitive ground state, negligible energy cost to overturn spins, fractal dimension of overturned region boundaries, growing critical droplet size, and limited bond correlations.
828h agoThe quantum Hall effect occurs in a microscopic lattice model with topologically trivial bands when disorder is added, causing an integer quantized transverse conductance.
828h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood as a transition from a non-equilibrium state to a more stable configuration.
828h agoUrban sprawl follows a piecewise linear scaling between area and population, with a consistent local growth pattern in 19 cities.
828h agoA growing lengthscale controls glassy dynamics, and a structural correlation length closely tracks the dynamical lengthscale as temperature decreases in supercooled liquids.
828h agoResting-state fMRI reveals 'caricatured' connectomes with improved behavioral prediction when studying the non-dominant part of the signal.
828h agoNAD+ concentrations decrease in the human occipital lobe during visual stimulation, and this decrease is specific to NAD+ with no changes observed in other high-energy phosphate metabolites.
832h agoAstrocytes with a Parkinson's disease-linked mutation fail to properly metabolize dopamine, which disrupts their protective function and may contribute to the development of the disease.
832h agoThe area V2 of the macaque brain has a columnar structure where neurons with similar functions are clustered together by feature, and its neural responses are mainly explained by basic image features.
836h agoThe olfactory system can rapidly and accurately decode the identity and concentration of odorants by using a model that infers the presence and concentration of odors separately, enabling it to handle complex naturalistic olfactory scenes.
836h agoThis study identifies the brain areas most involved in multimodal integration during naturalistic perception by analyzing functional connectivity and pinpointing a compact subnetwork.
836h agoDynamic causal modeling using source-level locations derived from diffuse optical tomography accurately infers directed brain connectivity from functional near-infrared spectroscopy data.
836h agoArgon exerts a neuroprotective function by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibiting autophagy during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
836h agoPoor sleep quality is linked to lower cognitive performance, characterised by abnormal brain activity and disrupted connections, across multiple domains.
836h agoTau seeds cause aggregation within intact, low-pH endolysosomes in neurons, and this process requires a transient breach in the endolysosomal membrane and is dependent on the endolysosomal lipid kinase PIKfyve.
836h agoThe discriminability of numerosity and size is influenced by task-irrelevant environmental statistics, with better performance when stimulus values are sampled from a narrow range compared to a wide range.
836h agoPost-stroke recovery mechanisms are lesion-specific, with cortical lesions leading to early behavioral recovery through large-scale cortical reorganization, and internal capsule lesions leading to delayed recovery without long-term cortical reorganization.
836h agoStimulus-specific response potentiation in humans is not input-specific, and attention enhances it modestly on the first session, but a second session leads to a pronounced plasticity effect that overrides attentional modulation.
836h agoSpiking Neural Networks have a fundamental architectural limitation that causes sample complexity to grow quadratically with sequence length, limiting their performance on tasks like language modeling.
840h agoProbabilistic Cognitive State Modeling accurately recovers dynamic brain states and produces stable parameter estimates, allowing it to reveal how brain states contribute to adaptive processing under changing task demands.
840h agoThe retrosplenial cortex plays a crucial role in integrating context to adjust behavioral responses to a stimulus, and it is the first cortical area to show context discrimination in response to a whisker stimulus.
844h agoThe study found that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with dominant changes in the left hemisphere, frontal and temporal lobe, and default mode, salience, and language networks in the brain.
848h agoA spiking network model shows that Layer 2/3 neurons can compute prediction errors by comparing feedforward and top-down inputs, generating bidirectional error signals without needing synaptic weight updates.
848h agoThe basal ganglia integrate kinematic and sequential information to guide movements towards goals by controlling both continuous movement and discrete actions.
848h agoA new machine learning approach models sensory adaptation in autism, capturing individual variability and providing a 90.8% improvement over existing methods while using fewer parameters.
852h agoSensory neurons learn to categorize stimuli into coherent sets, which are regions of stimulus state space that evolve cohesively over time, and detect either predictive or retrospective sets, enabling a functional dichotomy among neurons.
852h agoA new whole-brain model for larval zebrafish forecasts neuron spike probabilities and links brain state to behavior, enabling the synthesis of neural patterns that elicit target behaviors.
852h agoFlicker-fused stimuli can be made visible even when they have the same average luminance as the background by using a specific pattern of ultra-brief bright pulses and ultra-long dark pulses.
852h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) says that consciousness explains what exists and its essential properties, and that an entity's cause-effect structure accounts for all properties of an experience.
852h agoNoncommutative Laurent biorthogonal polynomials are connected to matrix discrete Painlevé equations through a series of mathematical transformations.
852h agoLaminar-turbulent transition occurs as a sequence of symmetry breaking events, driven by space-time coherent modes that turn an initially harmonic flow into broadband turbulence.
852h agoThe non-stationary difference equation is generalized to $\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}_N$ and its Hamiltonian can be expressed in terms of $q$-commuting variables, allowing factorized and normal ordered forms.
852h agoMatrix product states that are invariant under a certain symmetry are integrable in a specific spin chain, and this leads to a formula for overlaps of certain states with these matrix product states.
852h agoA new algorithm generates directed networks with specific symmetries by expanding from a given base network, allowing for the creation of realistic models to study symmetry-driven dynamics.
852h agoThe phase reduction method for delay-coupled oscillator networks shows that time delay affects the synchronization dynamics in a non-trivial way, leading to bistability in certain cases.
852h agoThe study finds that a symmetric vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink subjected to dry friction exhibits intricate behaviors, including critical transitions between impact-dominated and sliding-dominated regimes, and identifies activation thresholds and amplitude levels for different response regimes.
852h agoA bi-level optimal control framework solves the low-thrust re-phasing problem on quasi-periodic invariant tori in multi-body environments by generating feasible trajectories on the torus surface that minimize deviations.
852h agoBoltzmann's 1868 example of a system described by the microcanonical ensemble was incorrect because it assumed constants of motion are smooth functions.
852h agoThe timing of human labor is determined by a complex interplay of control, network structure, and noise in the pregnant uterus, which helps maintain stability during gestation and sensitivity near parturition.
852h agoFields can be used to describe complex systems that exhibit goal-directed behaviors, and three fundamental principles - complete configuration, locality, and purposefulness - provide a theoretical framework for understanding these systems, known as intelligent fields.
852h agoInfluence can be quantifiably defined and is directly related to information transfer in complex systems, with noise having a dual effect on these interactions.
852h agoA quantum causal index reveals that causal influence in quantum systems propagates at a finite speed, with coherent oscillations emerging, according to an analysis of spin chains using asymmetric quantum conditional mutual information.
852h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in the Anderson model of localization exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and are delocalized in the metallic phase.
852h agoGround states in the Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass are stable against single coupling perturbations, with implications that metastates are unique and certain excitations with space-filling interfaces do not exist.
852h agoArtificial intelligence techniques can analyze complex patterns in scientific data from strongly correlated electrons, providing new insights into phenomena such as Mott insulators, anomalous metals, and high-$T_c$ superconductivity.
852h agoA multi-determinant approach and techniques such as Lanczos and symmetry projection improve the accuracy of wave functions for strongly correlated systems, achieving state-of-the-art energies at low cost.
852h agoThe spin-opstring, a compact representation of quantum simulation cells, effectively captures phase transitions and predicts non-local observables in quantum many-body physics when used as input data for machine learning.
852h agoKIF5A, a neuron-specific kinesin, functions as an RNA-binding protein that directly binds and transports mRNAs encoding synaptic ribosomal proteins to maintain normal synaptic composition and function.
864h agoChildren's ability to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions is not helped or hindered by changes in their baseline level of alertness, but children generally get more distracted than adults by unexpected environmental stimuli.
872h agoDeletion of the Cacna1c gene in dopamine receptor 1-expressing cells produces sex- and gene dosage-dependent effects on fear memory and spatial memory.
872h agoAstrocyte senescence leads to abnormal protein deposits that damage synapses and contribute to cognitive decline during aging.
872h agoScientists create a new method to make brain cells that are similar to the ones damaged in Parkinson's disease, allowing them to study the disease more effectively.
872h agoOligodendrocytes and the myelin they produce are required for proper balance behaviors in adult vertebrates. (or alternatively, if you'd like to rephrase) Proper balance behaviors in adult vertebrates require oligodendrocytes and the myelin they produce.
872h agoThe hippocampus organizes semantic information in a multiscale way, with nearby areas encoding similar concepts and more distant areas encoding dissimilar concepts.
872h agoHumans accurately represent uncertainty in their perceptions, with their confidence in judgments matching the actual uncertainty of their estimates.
872h agoA pair of interneurons, called Fox, impart positive valence to sweet taste and convey this signal to the mushroom body to drive appetitive behaviors and support learned sugar responses.
872h agoLarger brain volumes at birth are linked to better cognitive, language, and motor skills in toddlers, and also to lower autistic traits.
872h agoAntidepressant doses used in conventional animal studies far exceed those used in clinical practice, which may not accurately translate to human treatment effects.
888h agoIndividuals can comprehend unexpected language inputs just as well as predictable ones, and those with certain processing strategies, specifically lower alignment to context and steeper neural adaptation, show improved comprehension of surprising stories.
888h agoAPP mutations affect colon tumor formation differently in male and female mice, promoting it in males but inhibiting it in females.
892h agoAlzheimer's disease is associated with changes in immune and biological processes in the blood, with males and females showing different patterns of changes.
892h agotACS interacts with intrinsic brain activity in a phase-dependent way during simultaneous sensory stimulation.
892h agoLearning reorganizes neural activity throughout the brain, allowing animals to alter their responses to certain stimuli while preserving essential functions.
892h agoSimilar new memories interfere with previous ones, while dissimilar ones are stored separately, with prediction errors determining whether the original memory is updated or a new one is encoded.
892h agoThe lncRNA 3222401L13Rik modulates microglial inflammatory states through interaction with PU.1, and its reduced expression is linked to Alzheimer's disease-related neuroinflammation.
892h agoUrban scenes with more greenery compared to built elements are perceived as more positive, and greenery exerts a positive effect on subjective well-being and early visual processing.
892h agoSpontaneous fluctuations in arousal shape the temporal dynamics of sensory persistence, boosting the initial strength of visual representations but shortening their duration.
892h agoSocial presence alleviates threat-induced stress and modulates defensive behaviors in a rank- and threat-specific manner, with dominant mice showing greater benefit.
896h agoHumans use proprioception and prior information to determine confidence in action success during sensorimotor adaptation, and their confidence recovers exponentially to normal levels after a sudden perturbation ends.
896h agoEndogenous pain modulation is sensitive to uncertainty and volatility, with pain inhibition increasing when certainty about actions leading to pain relief is high.
896h agoSyntactic processing engages parts of the semantic control network, including areas responsible for accessing and manipulating stored knowledge, and is distinct from semantic representation.
896h agoVibrotactile stimulation improves speech comprehension in noisy environments by enhancing auditory cortex tracking of speech rhythms and modulating brain connectivity.
896h agoCorticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus help mice quickly evaluate social situations by rapidly responding to threats and unfamiliar others.
896h agoDifferent measures of attention tap into independent processes, and only gaze bias predicts subsequent behavioral responses, showing that existing markers of attention cannot be used interchangeably.
896h agoHippocampal replay is biased towards reward sites and decision points because it is driven by both expected reward and expected information gain.
896h agoThe spinal cord has 34 distinct neuron classes and shows sex-specific differences in glial cells, which could help understand human spinal cord physiology and identify targets for treating neurological diseases.
896h agoThe study presents a transcriptomic atlas of 5.3 million cells from 582 brain samples, revealing cell type-specific vulnerabilities and regional heterogeneity in the aging primate brain.
896h agoAggression in humans is linked to a common brain network that can be identified through neuroimaging and is largely explained by the expression of genes associated with aggressive behavior.
896h agoForgetting is regulated by active gene transcription in the brain, which speeds up with age and contributes to memory decline.
900h agoHuman working memory is maintained by brief, coordinated bursts of activity across neurons, rather than continuous firing, and involves distinct roles for different types of brain cells.
900h agoDistinct neural signatures are linked to spontaneous experiences of being internally or externally focused, and brain activity and alpha oscillations change as the mind switches between these states.
900h agoData changes how we assess the performance of US legal firms and expands the scope of computational science into the legal field.
900h agoTraditional reputation-based rankings of law firms do not accurately reflect their legal performance, according to a data-driven method that ranks law firms based on litigation outcomes.
900h agoMutations in ZMYND11 cause intellectual disability by disrupting its regulation of gene expression through interaction with KMT2A, leading to abnormal brain development.
900h agoInteraural time and level differences affect sound source segregation and spatial selection differently, with natural level differences supporting source segregation but small time differences not.
904h agoNeurogenesis alone does not fully restore memory capability after neuronal damage, and the quality of memory decreases, even in animals capable of whole-body regeneration.
904h agoHaloTrace, a new method, precisely measures blood-brain barrier integrity by detecting leakage sites in the brain, avoiding major pitfalls of existing methods.
904h agoNew MRI methods allow for high-resolution images of the pediatric brain to be taken in under nine minutes, enabling accurate delineation of fine structures such as hippocampal subfields.
904h agoPerceptual judgments are made in the premotor cortex and are inherently coupled to actions.
904h agoCutaneous reflexes can be reliably elicited in proximal muscles via saphenous nerve stimulation, and this method may be a feasible target for neuromodulatory techniques to treat phantom limb pain.
908h agoOpioid use triggers immune responses, including increased TNF signaling and changes in proteins that prevent oxidative stress, in microglia and midbrain organoids grown together in the lab.
908h agoModified self-amplifying RNA loaded in lipid nanoparticles efficiently mediates robust and long-lasting protein expression in brain cells, including neurons, for several weeks.
908h agoA custom script using the Cellpose package can automatically count and characterize retinal ganglion cell somas, providing a powerful tool for analyzing optic neuropathies.
908h agoRett syndrome and MECP2 Duplication syndrome show opposite changes in the expression of the histamine H3 receptor, with reduced expression in Rett syndrome and increased expression in MECP2 Duplication syndrome.
908h agoThe transcription factor NR2F regulates a target gene network in nonmyelinating Schwann cells, which is crucial for their development and function.
908h agoInterleukin-1β and interleukin-18 levels are increased in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and show potential as biomarkers for diagnosis.
908h agoMicroglia-derived extracellular vesicles and non-vesicular particles reflect microglial cellular state and may serve as biomarkers for early-stage neurodegenerative diseases.
908h agoNeuropathic pain causes microglial activation in the brain, which increases the risk of delirium, especially when combined with surgical stress.
912h agoMicrosaccades modulate visual performance in the central fovea in a spatially selective way, peaking 70 milliseconds before the movement and then recovering rapidly after it.
912h agoThe study found correlations between memory performance and motor learning in mice, with mice that are quicker to turn on a pole struggling to learn a motor task, and those with higher exploration rates in a maze performing better in the motor task.
912h agoA joint modeling approach that links non-decision time to external observations improves the reliability of parameter estimation for time-dependent threshold diffusion models.
912h agoTranscranial alternating current stimulation between 250 and 2000 Hz reliably stimulates the cochlea with minimal side effects in hearing-healthy participants.
912h agoHumans and artificial neural networks called transformers use attention to understand how elements relate to each other, and this process happens in similar parts of the brain and the networks.
912h agoPeople with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) show greater brain activity in the premotor cortex and a stronger connection between this area and another part of the brain when they experience a visual illusion that changes the shape of their hand.
912h agoGeneralized Random Forest can predict individualized treatment effects more reliably with two new methodological advances: a seed ensemble strategy to stabilize predictions and a backward elimination procedure to identify key moderators.
912h agoThe locus coeruleus shows differences in astrocytic gene expression and lipid metabolism associated with Alzheimer's disease risk factors, which influence its resilience and susceptibility to pathology accumulation and degeneration.
916h agoA new neural probe with over 1,000 light emitters enables panoramic 3D optical stimulation across large brain volumes.
920h agoDendritic modules with distinct shapes, spatial distributions, and cortical inputs are found in striatal D1-type and D2-type medium spiny neurons in healthy and Huntington's disease mouse brains.
920h agoCortical neurons form a specialized population code that enhances the propagation of information to a downstream target, improving the accuracy of decision-making.
920h agoTDP-43 dysfunction causes faulty splicing of the KCNQ2 ion channel, leading to toxic protein buildup and neuron hyperactivity.
920h agoMicroglia play a key role in brain regional vulnerability to aging, with region-specific differences in microglia subpopulations and responses to rejuvenation interventions.
920h agoThe brain's left anterior inferior parietal cortex supports the maintenance of verbal information in short-term memory, but its functions vary across individuals depending on their reliance on semantic information.
920h agoDistinct SCN2A premature termination codons produce different effects on neuronal excitability and behavior, with position of the premature stop codon determining the outcome.
920h agoMetabolic stress causes cerebrovascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment through a distinct cellular phenotype called lipid-droplet accumulating microglia, which emerges in response to metabolic stress and correlates with cerebrovascular dysfunction.
920h agoThe brain's ventral striatum and right temporoparietal junction work together to help people control their automatic tendencies to approach rewards and avoid threats.
920h agoBehavioral flexibility relies on nanoscale remodeling of synaptic machinery that couples glutamatergic transmission to endocannabinoid signaling in striatal circuits.
920h agoVoluntary decisions are formed by a process of accumulating evidence, similar to perceptual decisions, which eventually leads to a motor action.
920h agoThe olfactory bulb and medial prefrontal cortex work together through slow oscillations to maintain task-related information in working memory.
920h agoThe brain uses two different routes to incorporate others' input into its judgments: a rapid evaluative route for feedback and a slower deliberative route for advice.
920h agoSMARCB1 gene mutations cause brain changes that lead to cognitive and behavioral problems, including impaired learning, memory, and decision-making, in both mice and humans with Coffin-Siris syndrome.
920h agoThe brain's connectome architecture helps create more efficient neural networks that can better predict chaotic time series and hold more memory than random networks.
920h agoThe thalamus, specifically its first-order nuclei, shows specific activation during language tasks, including reading, speech comprehension, and speech production.
920h agoInputDSA measures the similarity of two systems based on their recurrent and input-driven dynamics, allowing for the comparison of systems with different inputs.
928h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) posits that consciousness is fundamental to existence and that an entity's cause-effect structure fully accounts for all properties of an experience.
928h agoBrain-IT, a brain-inspired approach, reconstructs images seen by people from their fMRI brain recordings with high faithfulness to the actual images by predicting localized patch-level image features.
928h agoConditionally Linear Dynamical System models characterize complex neural population dynamics by capturing nonlinear dependence on task and behavioral variables, enabling transparent interpretation and efficient Bayesian inference.
928h agoA balanced network of neurons can be represented by the stochastic dynamics of a single neuron subject to effective noise, with the noise rate determined by the probability density of neuron states.
928h agoA static distractor sound impairs the perception of moving target sounds, reducing the upper limit of velocity at which listeners can discriminate the direction of motion.
928h agoAdaptive chaos control steers weather trajectories away from dangerous regimes using small perturbations, and two strategies, local Lyapunov exponents and transition probabilities, can successfully trigger control in a seasonally forced and noise-perturbed Lorenz84 model.
928h agoThe Nijhoff-Quispel-Capel equation can be formulated in different ways, including a new perspective using eigenfunctions of a Lax pair, in addition to known formulations such as the Cauchy matrix approach and eigenfunction approach.
928h agoThe gauge/Yang-Baxter equation correspondence helps discover new integrable lattice spin models in statistical mechanics by using dualities in supersymmetric gauge theories.
928h agoA hybrid method called KGMM accurately estimates the score function of a system by combining a Gaussian Mixture Model with a bisecting K-means clustering step, allowing for robust reconstruction of long-time statistical properties.
928h agoRogue wave formation and spectral downshifting in nonlinear wave systems depend on the type of dissipation and wave steepness, with soliton-like rogue waves arising from steep initial data and nonlinear damping supporting stable, well-organized wave states.
928h agoThe Stochastic Box-Ball System, a probabilistic cellular automaton, exhibits long-term behavior governed by isolated particles and occasional emergence of short solitons.
928h agoGrokking in a neural network occurs when the network transforms into a sparse subnetwork, allowing it to identify common features of input classes and generalize to new patterns.
928h agoTransformers can successfully predict unseen sequences from diverse pseudo-random number generators, including those with substantial additional complexity, and can jointly learn multiple generators, identifying underlying structures.
928h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood as a transition from a non-equilibrium state to a more stable configuration.
928h agoA balanced network of neurons can be represented by the stochastic dynamics of a single neuron subject to effective noise, with the noise rate determined by the probability density of neuron states.
928h agoRandom graphs with link probabilities conditioned on other links can be represented using a generalized statistical mechanical formalism, allowing for the study of complex networks with interactions.
928h agoError-based learning and reinforcement learning with adaptive thresholds improve accuracy and reduce movement variability in a complex maze navigation task, while use-dependent learning shows no improvement.
928h agoModular organization of brain networks leads to different patterns of brain activity, including symmetric and left-skewed neural avalanche shapes, which are linked to critical brain dynamics.
928h agoThe updated SimulScan technology allows for the simultaneous study of swallowing biomechanics and brain activity, providing reliable and correlated data on the central control of swallowing.
928h agoStimulation of the anterior insula increases blink frequency, while stimulation of the posterior insula increases both blinks and urges, showing their distinct roles in controlling urges and actions in Tourette syndrome.
932h agoThe amygdala helps control which experiences are remembered by selectively encoding certain visual stimuli into long-term memory, with category-selective neurons showing increased activity during encoding of later remembered items.
932h agoThe brain uses a deterministic drive, which varies from trial to trial and accelerates over time, to decide when to act in the absence of external cues.
932h agoPeople combine multiple sources of information when making decisions, but the way they do this varies with age and certain conditions, and can be influenced by the type of cues and brain areas involved.
932h agoUsing advanced language models with a P300 speller brain-computer interface improves communication efficiency for people with ALS, with character-level models providing 10% and open-source models achieving around 40% typing speed improvements.
932h agoIsolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder involves atrophy in specific brainstem regions, including the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, which are associated with autonomic dysfunction.
932h agoLow levels of dopamine D2 receptors in the brain cause male mice to consume more food, gain weight, and develop insulin resistance, leading to an obesity-like condition.
932h agoCrossmodal prediction errors elicit sustained cortical responses and recruit shared neural representations across sensory domains, reorganizing effective connectivity within and between sensory hierarchies.
932h agoThe substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) shifts its activity from representing the optimal choice based on value to encoding the actual chosen action during the decision-making process.
932h agoNoradrenaline release in the primary motor cortex is spatially heterogeneous at a local scale, and its release pattern becomes locally refined during learning, achieving consistent spatial precision.
932h agoTET3 and MECP2 interact to regulate DNA methylation and chromatin dynamics during neuronal maturation, and their deficiency leads to impaired network activity and similar neuronal phenotypes.
932h agoHippocampal CA1 neurons reorganize their activity to represent different movement variables, such as time, distance, and speed, depending on behavioral states like movement and immobility.
932h agoPhosphorylation and glycosylation of Kv1.2 channels result in high molecular weight forms, including a 100 kDa form, and their distribution and protein interactions change in LGI1-dependent epilepsy.
932h agoA randomly connected network with balanced excitation and inhibition can process information based on both current and past stimuli while maintaining stable, low firing rates.
932h agoThe mushroom body balances coding capacity and selectivity by having biased connections between neurons, which prioritizes important information and allows for learning and memory.
936h agoLight input plays a key role in promoting sleep, and disruptions to visual pathways lead to fragmented or reduced sleep in flies.
936h agoCortical surface electrical stimulation initially activates neurons, then inhibits them for seconds, and changes how they respond to visual stimuli, reducing their ability to distinguish between different sensory features.
936h agoThe primary motor cortex directly controls the magnitude of motor output by regulating population firing rates, while the supplementary motor area organizes the composition and temporal structure of the active motor unit pool to generate a stable motor command.
936h agoAerobic exercise intensity affects motor adaptation and learning, with high-intensity exercise enhancing motor adaptation and learning the most, followed by moderate and low intensity exercise.
936h agoG3BP1 acetylation via ELP3 regulates axonal regeneration and neuronal resilience by enhancing axonal protein synthesis and disassembling G3BP1 granules.
936h agoSynaesthesia and autism share stronger brain connectivity and less complex networks, whereas early psychosis shows weaker connectivity and greater complexity, compared to healthy controls.
948h agoInhibitory cell populations encode consistent aspects of natural scenes across individuals, and their responses to natural scenes are distinct from responses to simple stimuli.
948h agoThe geometry of the brain's extracellular space shapes local diffusion and tunes signaling between neural cells, with distinct functional advantages for different types of synapses.
948h agoMicroglia coordinate metabolic coupling between brain cells to fuel protein synthesis in active neurons by secreting the protein CYR61.
948h agoDLPFC and SMG play a crucial role in the challenging aspects of motor skill learning that depend on proprioception.
948h agoSuppressing positive connections within an artificial neural network to simulate excitation/inhibition imbalance leads to a compensatory response that increases susceptibility to noise, which in turn creates schizophrenic-like behaviors and altered response to reward prediction error.
952h agoA unified field-theoretic framework describes the dynamics of activity and connectivity in interacting neuronal systems, capturing transitions between collective states and the formation of composite structures.
952h agoA static distractor sound impairs the perception of moving target sounds, reduces the upper limit of velocity at which listeners can discriminate the direction of motion, and does so through energetic masking when the distractor spectrally overlaps with the target.
952h agoThis thesis explores the use of deep learning to decode brain signals from electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to understand brain responses to visual stimuli and inner speech.
952h agoThe analysis identified three groups with distinct cognitive trajectories over three years, and one group showed cognitive decline, suggesting that a treatment effect may be masked in a heterogeneous population.
952h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion through spin-exchange interactions shows chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, which emerge depending on system parameters.
952h agoA new neural network model, inspired by the human brain's predictive processing, enables robots to perform caregiving tasks autonomously by integrating multiple sensory inputs and adapting to different scenarios.
952h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information accurately predicts distributed cortical responses to naturalistic stimuli in the brain.
952h agoThe conduction speed of V1 intracortical axons increases with distance and is high enough to convey contextual influences that help construct global scene properties.
952h agoLow-rank networks produce low-dimensional dynamics when isolated, but high-dimensional inputs or perturbations can lead to high-dimensional dynamics, with conditions on network structure determining the outcome.
952h agoEarly Vision Networks, a new class of hybrid neural networks that mimic the primate visual system, improve model robustness by 9.3% on a benchmark of visual perturbations and out-of-domain images.
952h agoVideos of the 2020 Beirut explosion reveal a shock wave, and frame-by-frame analysis shows that the data agrees with the Landau-Whitham formula for the thickness of the overpressure layer.
952h agoQuantum dynamics emerges from classical correlation functions in Anosov geodesic flows through a discrete Pollicott Ruelle spectrum that governs an effective dynamics.
952h agoLie group methods are used to classify and solve delay ordinary differential equations, and symmetries are found to allow construction of invariant solutions.
952h agoHigh penalties and light penalties are effective at suppressing crime, and the success of deterrence depends on the initial frequency of crime and population dynamics.
952h agoPolar core vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate move radially outward or inward depending on their interaction with background flows and each other.
952h agoThe flattening rate of the f-function in two-dimensional many-body quantum chaotic systems is directly proportional to the number of degrees of freedom and the particle number.
952h agoThe Hamiltonian formalism helps replace the Third Painlev\'e equation with two coupled Riccati equations, enabling the existence of P_III-functions that vanish at a given non-zero point and are analytic there.
952h agoThe thermodynamic cost of creating and maintaining restricted pathways in chemical reaction networks has two components: an ongoing maintenance cost and a restriction cost that quantifies the improbability of neutralizing unwanted reactions.
952h agoThe pre-evacuation phase, which is the time interval before people move to a safe place, has a crucial impact on the total time required for safe egress in crowd evacuation.
952h agoA self-organized reticulum within the epithelial layer inhibits cell proliferation through a non-local mechanism, where islands of compressed non-cycling cells embedded in a network of tensed cycling cells slow down cell growth.
952h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion through spin-exchange interactions shows chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, which emerge depending on system parameters.
952h agoSelf-similarity in learning curves breaks down for weakly non-linear neural networks trained on power-law distributed data, and a new renormalization group framework reveals a form of universality at large data limits.
952h agoTopological phases of matter have two key features: they are identified by quantum geometry of electronic band structure, and they present electronic states with unusual properties.
952h agoA new encoding scheme enables the universal encoding of computationally hard problems on triangular lattices, reducing independence-constraint violations by approximately two orders of magnitude compared to existing methods.
952h agoDisordered systems, such as sheared amorphous solids, can self-organize into a complex response to a fluctuating environment, allowing them to retain a memory of the driving and sense their environment.
952h agoQuantum spin ice remains stable with respect to disorder up to the transition to the polarized phase at high fields, indicating it can occur in real materials.
952h agoParticle multi-occupations affect the stability of many-body localization in the disordered Bose-Hubbard model, with no finite-size boundary drift in the higher-energy section but a significant drift in the lower-energy section that pushes the localized regime to greater disorder strengths.
952h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy compared to pure fermionic tensor networks, and offer a physically motivated alternative with improved computational scaling.
952h agoStrong disorder leads to a topological transition from a parity anomalous semimetal to a diffusive metal and induces a topological phase in a trivial insulating phase.
952h agoLarge overparametrized machine learning models exhibit a separation of timescales in their training dynamics, leading to the emergence of a slow timescale, inductive bias towards small complexity, and a decoupling between feature learning and overfitting regimes.
952h agoCombining magnetic field gradients with global control enables coherent collective dynamics of strongly interacting qubits in dense electron spin ensembles, leading to disorder-resilient collective spin evolution.
952h agoThe 3D toric code exhibits fault-tolerance thresholds of approximately 11% against bit-flip errors and 2% against phase-flip errors, showing its robustness against measurement errors.
952h agoStatistical physics can analyse deep learning models with rich feature learning effects, and study shows that a multi-layer perceptron's performance improves with data, eventually specialising to the target through inhomogeneous learning across layers and neurons.
952h agoSWITCH, a deep learning model, integrates unpaired spatial multi-omics data and enables unsupervised cross-modal prediction, aiding spatial domain identification and downstream biological analysis.
956h agoThromboinflammation drives adverse brain aging, and high levels of cerebrospinal fluid fibrinogen mark brain thromboinflammation, which affects synaptic vulnerability through specific neurovascular pathways.
956h agoOcimum gratissimum supplementation improves spatial memory and protects against memory impairment by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential as a neuroprotective agent against Alzheimer's disease-like pathology.
956h agoThe new fMRI acquisition approach detects age-related differences in brain pulsatile signals, showing increased signal magnitude in older adults compared to young adults in regions with reliable cardiac pulsations.
956h agoMid-level feature fragments, specifically curve segments, provide a more efficient substrate for artificial vision than phosphenes, enabling better object recognition with less stimulation.
956h agoVisual behavior, as measured by eye-tracking, is a strong predictor of individual differences in spatial navigation performance, with global gaze patterns explaining 40% of the variation in navigation ability.
956h agoPalmitoylation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor reduces its internalization and degradation, leading to increased amyloid precursor protein stability, amyloid beta accumulation, and neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease.
956h agoA new model using multiple MRI-derived microstructural measures can predict conduction velocity across the entire human brain, explaining 29% of variance in neurophysiological conduction velocity.
956h agoNeural competition in the frontal cortex shapes confidence in decisions, with both winning and losing decision variables contributing to confidence but the winner having a stronger impact.
960h agoMitochondria in neurons differ in their molecular makeup and function depending on their location, with axonal mitochondria having limited pathways for energy production but retaining others like fatty acid metabolism.
960h agoThe protein KHSRP, promoted by REG3A signaling, slows nerve regeneration by decaying mRNA in injured axons through a self-sustaining loop that regulates axon growth.
960h agoAdult fruit flies have specialized nerve cells that detect painful stimuli and trigger immediate escape and long-term avoidance behaviors.
960h agoRats with high sensory processing sensitivity take more cocaine and are more motivated to use it, and have different brain chemistry than rats with low sensory processing sensitivity.
964h agoWater concentrations in the brain are highest during deep sleep and linked to brain wave activity, indicating a possible role for glymphatic fluid transport in human sleep.
964h agoMoments of failed attention after sleep deprivation reflect brief 'sleep-like' episodes in the brain with changes in brain activity, pupil size, and brain fluid movement.
968h agoUpregulating the functional Syngap1 allele with a CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation approach rescues working memory deficits and normalizes SynGAP protein expression in a mouse model of SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability.
968h agoThe brain's ability to recognize emotions declines with age and differs between sexes, and a specific circuit in the basolateral amygdala and medial orbitofrontal cortex is responsible for emotion recognition in a sex-specific way.
968h agoADHD-like traits disrupt the balance between goal-directed control and automatic processes, specifically by weakening response inhibition and altering the relationship between inhibition and statistical learning.
968h agoAnatomy and spatiotemporal patterning, not spike counts, govern the physiological and perceptual impact of intracranial electrical stimulation.
968h agoRegional variability in brain organization shapes large-scale neuronal dynamics, with molecular and anatomical heterogeneity playing a critical role in facilitating network synchronization and information flow between brain regions.
968h agoBoundary Vector Cells can robustly detect environmental boundaries in three dimensions, enabling more accurate spatial localization and reducing spatial aliasing in complex environments.
976h agoDyslexic reading costs arise from stronger sensitivities to word length, frequency, and predictability, and changing these features can narrow the reading gap between dyslexic and typical readers by about one third.
976h agoVision Transformers naturally develop the ability to bind object features into a coherent whole, representing whether two patches belong to the same object, when trained with specific self-supervised objectives.
976h agoCombining Global Workspace Theory with world models improves decision-making in Reinforcement Learning agents by enabling efficient mental simulation and robustness to missing observation modalities.
976h agoNOBLE, a neural operator framework, learns to predict distributions of neural dynamics that account for the intrinsic variability of neurons, enabling the efficient generation of synthetic neurons that closely resemble experimental data.
976h agoA Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system using a non-invasive EEG headband achieved 88.77% accuracy in classifying attention and non-attention states in students watching educational videos.
976h agoScientists find a way to evolve quiet patterns in small grids into larger ones and also discover an inverse process to reverse this evolution for most prime numbers of possible states.
976h agoA quantum-inspired framework proposes that self-awareness and perception of external stimuli are two interacting systems that evolve at different timescales, forming a closed loop where self-state influences perception and perception reshapes the self.
976h agoClifford algebras solve different forms of the tetrahedron equation, which is expected to lead to three-dimensional integrability.
976h agoThe synchronization bottleneck, a new measure called Ξ, determines the coupling strength required for a stable synchronization manifold in network-coupled dynamical systems.
976h agoThe study finds that quantum tunneling in an asymmetric double-well potential has energy thresholds for detectable tunneling across the barrier, and that tunneling can be practically undetectable even when theoretically allowed.
976h agoLower and more homogeneous learning rates promote the emergence of scale-free networks, while higher or more heterogeneous learning rates lead to core-periphery topologies.
976h agoFinite temperature helps to create and stabilize supersolid phases in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate by shifting the phase boundary, lowering the density threshold, and broadening the stability window.
976h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that don't have memory, allowing collective activity to propagate through the system.
976h agoElliptic Calogero-Moser systems associated with complex crystallographic groups are candidates for Seiberg-Witten integrable systems of certain superconformal field theories, and their geometric and Poisson deformations lead to descriptions of corresponding elliptic fibrations, Seiberg-Witten differentials, and quantum spectral curves.
976h agoNon-Hermitian random matrices with time-reversal symmetry exhibit universal bulk spectral correlations that can be classified into symmetry classes AI$^{\dagger}$ and AII$^{\dagger}$.
976h agoA novel decoupling limit of the membrane leads to a 1+2 dimensional integrable model, arising from a membrane propagating in a specific background geometry.
976h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived from the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
976h agoTopolectrical circuits with deep learning capabilities allow for programmable and controllable simulation of physical phenomena, enabling observations of boundary states, phase transitions, and localization, and facilitating applications such as secure information encryption.
976h agoQuasiperiodic many-body localized systems have a broad unconventional regime with fat-tailed distributions of long-distance correlations, revealing atypical eigenstates with strong long-range correlations.
976h agoQuantum chaos stops at a typical entanglement transition in many-body systems, which implies a "mass" term vanishes in the field theory of the measurement-induced phase transition for monitored fermions.
976h agoScientists develop a theory that identifies 20 mechanisms of third-order nonlinear transport, and derive a scaling law to unambiguously identify 12 of these mechanisms in materials.
976h agoThe restoration of chiral symmetry in gauge theories with two light fermion flavors requires specific spectral features, including a spectral density behaving as $m^2\delta(\lambda)$, a singular two-point function, and delocalized near-zero modes, to effectively break the anomalous $\mathrm{U}(1)_A$ symmetry.
976h agoVariation in how individuals experience environmental selection can promote evolutionary strategies that generalize across environments and anticipate future changes.
976h agoStatistical physics can analyse deep learning models, and a study of a multi-layer perceptron shows that its performance improves with data, with the model specialising towards the target through inhomogeneous learning across layers and neurons.
976h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that don't have memory, allowing collective activity to propagate through the system.
976h agoDense associative memory, a type of modern Hopfield network, stores a large number of memory patterns as equilibrium states, and its structure makes recall more robust by not acting as additional noise to itself.
976h agoNon-Hermitian random matrices with time-reversal symmetry exhibit universal bulk spectral correlations that can be classified into symmetry classes AI$^{\dagger}$ and AII$^{\dagger}$.
976h agoDiffusion models generalize effectively because their training dynamics have two distinct timescales: one for generating high-quality samples and a later one for memorization that increases with training set size.
976h agoNeuromedin B (NMB) regulates lactate-mediated immunosuppression and is a key factor in both metabolic and immune regulation in glioblastoma (GBM), promoting anti-tumor immunity and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism.
976h agoOligodendrocyte morphology changes in response to experiences, senescence, and neurodegenerative diseases, and can be visualized and analyzed using methods that label and image individual oligodendrocytes in mouse white matter.
976h agoA new protocol allows for simultaneous imaging of brain activity and blood flow in awake mice, enabling comparison of brain signals across different states and over time.
980h agoKeratinocytes contribute to heightened sensation and pain after nerve injury by releasing factors that enhance sensory neuron activity through a phospholipase A2-driven mechanism.
980h agoDopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain control precision in timing actions, and their dysfunction contributes to timing problems and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease.
980h agoMotor recovery after stroke is based on mechanisms other than LTP-based plasticity, as LTP and synaptic transmission are impaired in the peri-infarct cortex.
984h agoPeople's choices are guided by explicit memories of past experiences, rather than just incremental learning, and they use these memories to make decisions even when instructed to ignore specific outcomes.
984h agoChronic morphine exposure leads to sex-specific epigenetic changes in the brain, but these changes converge on similar genes, biological functions, and co-expression modules in male and female mice.
984h agoThe perception-action dissociation, where the brain uses separate systems for perception and action, persists in older adults, but they rely more on contextual cues during action.
984h agoUsing a small percentage of original features often gives the best predictive performance in decoding brain activity with machine learning models.
984h agoApplying transcranial alternating current stimulation to specific brain areas improves long-term memory performance, and its effects depend on the stimulation frequency, location, and intensity.
984h agoMouse models with humanized APOE do not show brain atrophy typical of human aging and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that humanized APOE alone is not enough to cause the disease.
984h agoThe human brain processes dynamic visual input by integrating continuous visual information in a way that aligns with mid-level representations of actions in posterior electrodes and high-level static action representations in frontal electrodes.
984h agoThe brain's ability to store salient experiences as episodic memories allows for flexible and context-aware action selection, a capability that can be reproduced in artificial devices using the Episodic Neighbor (EN) algorithm.
984h agoThe precision of memory-guided reaching movements decreases when visual input stops, and a similar decrease happens when haptic input stops, but only if the arms are in different postures.
984h agoRecurrent neural networks with nonlinear activation functions have a strictly positive participation dimension and correlation statistics that can be calculated using a path-integral representation of their stochastic dynamics.
984h agoA unified system for allostasis and interoception exists in the brain, encompassing over 96% of anatomical connections found in animal studies.
992h agoA tipping point marks the brain's transition from wakefulness to sleep, and this process can be tracked in real time using electroencephalogram data.
992h agoThe position of a probe is perceived relative to a surrounding moving frame, with the frame's influence extending beyond its edges and driven primarily by its displacement, not motion.
992h agoInterluminescence, a modular platform, uses bioluminescent light to control synaptic transmission by activating or silencing postsynaptic neurons through transsynaptic optogenetic ion channels.
992h agoAlternative splicing of synaptotagmin 7 acts as a molecular switch that fine-tunes short-term plasticity by regulating its oligomerization and impacting synaptic vesicle dynamics.
992h agoChanges in voice characteristics, such as pitch and intensity, occur in male zebra finches as they age, with the most pronounced changes happening between young adulthood and middle age.
992h agoHippocampal dentate spikes have a continuous distribution of inputs from the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex, and include a previously unreported third type that involves simultaneous activation from both inputs.
992h agoSHIP1 regulates immune function by controlling endosome maturation and lysosomal function in microglia, and its deficiency leads to impaired inflammatory response, enhanced phagocytosis, and accumulation of amyloid beta.
996h agoThe statistics of correlations in nonlinear recurrent neural networks can be described by exact expressions that include corrections for a large number of neurons.
1000h agoIntroducing a short-term memory component to movement reproduction causes systematic temporal and structural distortions, with accuracy decaying within seconds and a limited memory span of four movements.
1000h agoA lateral ventricular brain-computer interface that uses an expandable, flexible electrode achieves long-term stable recordings and robust memory decision decoding from within the ventricular system.
1000h agoResting-state EEG connectivity patterns differentiate individuals according to their creative abilities, with more creative people showing broad alpha-band hypoconnectivity and greater network modularity.
1000h agoResolution reconfiguration, which scales down less important channels, saves power in neural recording implants by 8.7x, 12.8x, and 23.0x compared to traditional recording arrays, and by 1.6x, 3.4x, and 5.2x compared to channel selection.
1000h agoLinearly transforming deep neural networks to match human responses to complex stimuli does not guarantee that the models accurately represent human brain activity, even with large amounts of behavioral data.
1000h agoIntracortical axons in the visual cortex conduct signals fast enough to convey contextual information, enabling the construction of global scene properties from local neural activities.
1000h agoMachine learning analysis of EEG and fMRI data identifies neural signatures that distinguish tinnitus patients from healthy controls with high accuracy.
1000h agoAmari-type neural fields can be controlled using piecewise constant inputs to steer neural activity from an initial state to a target state.
1000h agoIntegrating self-supervised predictive coding modules into meta-reinforcement learning helps agents learn compact and interpretable representations of history that approximate Bayes-optimal belief states, leading to better generalization.
1000h agoA task-specific pre-training framework that jointly uses multiple datasets improves emotion recognition in EEG signals by aligning statistical properties across datasets and capturing complex dynamics.
1000h agoThe isolated reasoning component of language processing in the brain uniquely predicts neural activity, recruits visual regions, and peaks later in time than other linguistic features.
1000h agoA wearable device that provides assistance to the triceps and thumb helps people complete daily tasks with less tremor and better movement.
1000h agoThe structure of neural connections in the brain shapes collective activity in nonlinear neural networks, affecting the dimension and timescales of activity fluctuations.
1000h agoListeners adapt language comprehension by using two mechanisms: a speaker-general mechanism that adjusts overall expectations about a speaker's statements and a speaker-specific mechanism that updates their mental model of an individual speaker.
1000h agoThe hippocampus encodes cognitive maps through collective place cell activity, which represents spatial navigation by forming a map of location similarities based on transition probabilities.
1000h agoThe attention mechanism used in transformer architecture best predicts brain activity during natural scene viewing by dynamically routing retinotopic visual features to category-selective areas.
1000h agoGrid cells and place cells work together to enable animals to recall and navigate to locations using cues, plan paths, and recreate sensory experiences along those paths.
1000h agoDepression and suicidal ideation alter brain activity in response to emotionally charged statements, causing people with these conditions to respond more strongly and for longer periods.
1000h agoA network-specific approach enhances prediction accuracy of brain responses to complex movies by grouping brain networks into clusters and training separate models for each.
1000h agoA novel framework combines virtual reality exposure with EEG recordings to quantify mental and emotional states over time, enabling the inference of emotional states and modelling of their temporal dynamics.
1000h agoA graph-based neural inference model infers synaptic connectivity from neural population activity by predicting neural activity and modelling neurons as interacting nodes in a graph.
1000h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of the field's progress since 2008, focusing on brain function recording, mapping, and emulation capabilities.
1000h agoVisual rivalry shows a hysteretic transition between awareness and suppression, where a higher contrast threshold is required for a stimulus to become aware than to be suppressed.
1000h agoA new imaging sequence called ZTE can map activity changes in the human brain and is robust against susceptibility artefacts.
1000h agoLarge audio-language models process speaker characteristics during speech comprehension differently than humans, with one model matching human brain responses for speaker-incongruent content but both models failing to replicate human-like processing of social and biological violations.
1000h agoA new method called Representational Differences Explanations (RDX) helps to discover and visualize the differences between two learned representations, enabling more direct model comparisons.
1000h agoMemory efficiency, capacity, and stability emerge from the interaction of plasticity and sparsity constraints in the brain.
1000h agoA score-based generative model using Kuramoto dynamics captures synchronization phenomena to produce coherent angular directional patterns in images like fingerprints and textures.
1000h agoNon-normal eigenvector amplification in multidimensional systems causes heavy-tailed fluctuations and power-law distributions by increasing the effective Lyapunov exponent and lowering the tail exponent.
1000h agoThe two-component nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation's solutions approach a certain behavior over time, described by a higher-order asymptotic expansion inside the light cone that matches numerical simulations.
1000h agoA new approach generates beating vector solitons using non-degenerate vector soliton solutions of the Manakov system, allowing them to collide elastically and control their beating nature.
1000h agoMultiple clusters emerge and coexist in globally coupled oscillator systems with inertia, forming a hierarchical pattern known as the Devil's Staircase.
1000h agoThe midvein plays a crucial role in generating the diverse morphologies that emerge during leaf drying by imposing mechanical constraints on the shrinking leaf lamina.
1000h agoConstrained instantons provide a method for computing the vacuum decay rate in theories where no saddle point exists, and applying this approach to a massive scalar field theory reveals a two-branch structure of solutions.
1000h agoThe influence matrix requires different computational resources to accurately represent quantum many-body dynamics, depending on whether the dynamics is chaotic or integrable.
1000h agoThe dynamics of collinear points in a three-body problem with elliptical orbits can be modeled using a Hamiltonian and normal form approach, allowing for the construction of various types of orbits.
1000h agoThis study investigates the rotational dynamics of two ellipsoid-shaped rigid bodies moving under their gravitational influence, focusing on their behavior, linear stability, and main resonances.
1000h agoA physics-informed machine learning framework accurately predicts the emergence of coherent oscillations in stochastic systems driven by noise, matching simulation results with improved accuracy and reduced computation.
1000h agoThe dynamics of perturbed many-body integrable systems can be characterized by the time evolution of Lax eigenvalues, which act as a proxy for quasi-particles velocities.
1000h agoDissipative-soliton resonance emerges in strongly chirped dissipative solitons, allowing for a direct pathway to high-energy femtosecond oscillators without external amplification.
1000h agoA deep learning framework identifies the types of orbits in chaotic dynamical systems, categorizing them into weakly chaotic, strongly chaotic, and regular orbits.
1000h agoA new control strategy based on adiabatic spectral submanifolds enables soft robots to accurately track complex paths using low-dimensional models built purely from data.
1000h agoThree-state cellular automata exhibit different classes of ergodic behavior, which can be classified based on transformation properties under discrete symmetries and quantified by observables such as mean return time, conserved quantities, and correlation functions.
1000h agoThe dissipative dynamics of interacting spin models coupled to a Markovian environment are qualitatively independent of the underlying graph, and the steady states exhibit mixed-state topological order with long-range quantum correlations.
1000h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under uniaxial tensile stress depends on temperature and direction, with elastic parameters, fracture stress, and strain decreasing almost linearly with temperature.
1000h agoChaos is typical in certain geometric spaces, but averaging over ensembles of these spaces suppresses chaos and brings behavior closer to that of black hole backgrounds.
1000h agoOptical phonons with non-linearities can dynamically break crystalline inversion symmetry, leading to a steady state with broken symmetry, strong second harmonic generation, and ferroelectric rectification of the driving signal.
1000h agoSoliton interactions in coupled Kerr microcavities are governed by mechanisms that depend on coupling strength, pump phase difference, and asymmetric perturbations.
1000h agoStructural disorder causes a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator to undergo phase transitions between topologically non-trivial and trivial phases.
1000h agoA critical region with multifractal eigenstates separates localized and delocalized states in the two-dimensional quantum percolation model, with two distinct transitions occurring at different concentrations.
1000h agoCombining landscape-based and dynamical approaches reveals new insights into the behavior of high-dimensional random landscapes, which underlie phenomena such as glassy physics and optimization in machine learning.
1000h agoProbabilistic computing can solve complex spin glass systems with constant scaling in iterations needed to find solutions of a given quality.
1000h agoThe statistics of correlations in nonlinear recurrent neural networks can be described by exact expressions that include corrections for a large number of neurons.
1000h agoThe unified perturbative framework reveals that interaction corrections cause a universal negative T4 correction to the quantized heat flux along a chiral quantum Hall edge.
1000h agoDeFecT-FF, a new framework, predicts the energies and configurations of defects and impurities in CdTe-based solar cells, enabling rapid screening and discovery of new low-energy defect configurations.
1000h agoGlass-formers exhibit a universal scaling of their relaxation time near the glass transition, described by just two material-specific parameters and three universal constants.
1000h agoThe coherent Ising machine's optimization dynamics can exploit soft-modes in low-energy global minima to find hidden solutions to complex optimization problems, even when surrounded by many unaligned local minima.
1000h agoAn intrinsic length scale governs local failure in amorphous solids under shear, and this length scale grows with the age of the system.
1000h agoThe structure of neural connections in the brain shapes collective activity in nonlinear neural networks, affecting the dimension and timescales of activity fluctuations.
1000h agoThe surface code protects encoded quantum information against generic single-qubit coherent errors, with an error-correcting phase existing when rotation angles are less than a certain threshold.
1000h agoMemristive nanowire networks extract compact audio features that enable high-performance audio classification with low latency and data efficiency.
1000h agoA single large model achieves optimal performance, but ensembles of smaller models can achieve near-optimal performance in the overparameterized regime when the total feature count is considered.
1000h agoFrustrated local measurements cause free fermions in one dimension to exhibit superdiffusive behavior and generate fractal-scaling entanglement entropy.
1000h agoTime quasicrystals emerge in a disordered quantum Ising chain as a long-lived, prethermal dynamical phase with quasiperiodic oscillations in transverse magnetization.
1000h agoThe ConvNext architecture achieves comparable variational energies to the state of the art for quantum many-body ground states, particularly for frustrated spin systems.
1000h agoHigher physical activity levels in older adults are associated with stronger immediate responses in body sway to optic flow perturbations, reducing their reliance on visual input during walking.
1000h agoHuman tau induces a shift to glycolysis for energy production in neurons, which drives pathology and accelerates aging, rather than being a protective response.
1000h agoReappraisal, a key emotion regulation strategy, relies on specific brain networks involved in attentional control and switching to manage emotional responses.
1000h agoDirect stimulation of the auditory cortex enables mice to perceive sounds with fine spectral, temporal, and noise-resistant discrimination, and generates interpretable sound-like percepts.
1004h agoOverexpressing TDP-43 protein in motor neurons of two rhesus macaques induces widespread deposits of pathological TDP-43 in the cervical spinal cord and motor cortex, mimicking a key feature of ALS.
1004h agoPeople with depression and low self-esteem update their self-beliefs less when good things happen because they blame external factors, and they have a stronger tendency to focus on negative experiences.
1004h agoDopaminergic signaling, specifically through the dopamine 4 receptor subtype, refines locomotor activity from an immature to a mature pattern during development in vertebrates.
1004h agoThe hippocampus' intermediate CA3 subfield plays a key role in encoding social novelty, while the intermediate CA1 subfield primarily encodes spatial position, suggesting a division of labor within the hippocampus for processing social and spatial information.
1004h agoA specific intracellular motif in the serotonin-gated ion channel LGC-50 links receptor dynamics to behavioural plasticity, and its deletion impairs memory stability and retrieval in Caenorhabditis elegans.
1004h agoHaving a flexible internal model of the world helps people better understand unexpected information in language.
1004h agoExternal and internal cognitive domain switching effects are asymmetrical, with distinct neural mechanisms involved in switching between processing information guided by the external world and internally-generated thoughts.
1004h agoBrain entropy captures unique variance in task activation beyond what is explained by brain morphology alone, linking brain structure to task activation.
1004h agoThe brain controls liver glucose metabolism in a lobe-specific, lateralized way through symmetric brain-liver sympathetic pathways, with each side of the brain regulating the opposite side of the liver.
1004h agoCA3 inputs from the right side drive the initial refinement of spatial maps in CA1, then inputs from the left side take over to maintain stability as the maps mature.
1004h agoThe salivary microbiome composition is similar in patients with rapid-eye-movement behavior disorder (RBD) and early Parkinson's disease (PD), and can be used to distinguish between RBD and controls with high accuracy.
1008h agoskiftiTools enables advanced statistical modeling with voxelwise neuroimaging data by converting it into a format readable by common statistical tools, facilitating a wide range of voxel-level analyses.
1008h agoRubidium-based zero-field optically pumped magnetometers can measure retinal high frequency oscillations up to 140 Hz.
1008h agoPeople with OCD show different brain activation patterns during response inhibition and error processing compared to controls, and these patterns vary by age group and symptom severity.
1008h agoThe proposed method based on variational graph contrastive learning shows that structure-function coupling in the brain is strongest in the Visual network and weakest in the Orbito-affective network.
1008h agoThe accumulation of alpha-synuclein into Lewy bodies is a key feature of Parkinson's disease, and a new model using human cells faithfully replicates the diverse characteristics of these disease-related structures.
1008h agoThe maturation of the glymphatic system protects the central nervous system from Zika virus infection by limiting the spread of the virus in the brain.
1008h agoNo change is needed; the paragraph does not contain a summary sentence, it appears to be a citation and publication information. However, if you'd like, I can try to create a summary based on the title of the article: A single-vector intersectional AAV strategy allows for interrogating cellular diversity and brain function.
1012h agoAltering GSK3{beta} expression affects neuronal function, causing changes in visual responses, including increased response latency and reduced photoreceptor maximum response.
1012h agoEdward L. Keller identified key elements of the brainstem circuits that produce eye movements.
1016h agoFine-mapping genomic loci identifies refined bipolar disorder risk genes.
1016h agoConnectome datasets are not enough to predict neural activity on their own, but combining them with neural recordings can accurately predict activity in unrecorded neurons.
1016h agoMaturation of white matter tracts and refinement of neural firing patterns improve working memory precision during adolescent brain development.
1016h agoSchizophrenia shows fetal-like regulatory patterns in adult neurons, linking early brain development to its pathogenesis.
1016h agoPeople with central vision loss tend to choose more neutral-looking faces to represent emotions, whereas controls choose more extreme, caricatured faces.
1016h agoHuman concept cells in the Medial Temporal Lobe show graded responses to semantic information, following tuning curves that vary across brain regions.
1016h agoMigrating neurons in the adult brain physically reshape the mature circuit by displacing and deforming surrounding structures to reach their targets.
1016h agoFacial expressions associated with emotions vary by context and individual, and distinct facial structures are linked to different emotions in a context-dependent way.
1016h agoThe basal ganglia circuit in songbirds has a complex and interconnected structure, challenging the traditional view of it as a simple feedforward processor, with a direct and hyperdirect pathway dominating and strong interconnectivity between neurons.
1016h agoThe neuropeptide arginine-vasopressin's effect on social behavior is mediated by the vasopressin 1a receptor (V1aR), which is densely expressed in the lateral septum (LS) and connected to an integrated circuit that regulates social and emotional behavior.
1016h agoNeuronal assemblies in the optic tectum of the zebrafish larva maintain a stable balance of excitation and inhibition during spontaneous activations, and have a low-rank organization with a discrete number of temporal activation patterns that can be modulated by the cholinergic system.
1016h agoLow-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation of the prelimbic cortex can be tuned to either excite or inhibit dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core, depending on the oscillation frequency used.
1016h agoBehavior-Adaptive Connectivity Estimation (BACE) framework accurately recovers directed interactions between brain regions and provides interpretable connectivity matrices for understanding how brain regions coordinate to produce behavior.
1024h agoFine-grained perceptual content is critical for model-based spatial reasoning, and shared representational geometries between spatial simulation and perceptual experience enable better spatial world modelling in AI.
1024h agoConsciousness is a physical process that can be modeled computationally, and a new model identifies the structural and functional mechanisms that effect it, confirming that consciousness arises from the interaction between a system's substrate and its reactive behavior.
1024h agoProtoEEG-kNN, an inherently interpretable model, detects interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in EEG recordings with state-of-the-art accuracy and provides explanations that experts prefer.
1024h agoDifferent neural and artificial neural networks rely on similar representations to support tasks, with geometry and tuning encoding specific signatures and linearly decodable information being globally shared.
1024h agoThe interaction between excitatory neurons, inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin interneurons generates multiple rhythms within a neural network.
1024h agoBrainCognizer, a novel brain decoding model, accurately reconstructs visual stimuli from brain activity by exploring multi-level semantics and correlations inspired by human visual cognition.
1024h agoMachines learn representations that align with those of the human mind, and their internal geometry can accurately predict human classification behavior.
1024h agoNew methods enable more accurate and scalable analysis of neural spike train data by extending the Poisson Generalized Linear Model to continuous-time, improving temporal resolution and functional connectivity inference.
1024h agoA new approach using an encoder-decoder transformer model discovers regions in the cortex with complex selectivity for diverse semantic concepts.
1024h agoPulsed wave transcranial photobiomodulation therapy modulates specific patterns in the human brain, enhancing brain functional networks and duration of microstate C.
1024h agoNeural representations in both biological and artificial systems change gradually over time due to ongoing input, and learning noise from task-irrelevant stimuli can cause long-term drift in the representation of task-relevant stimuli.
1024h agoA Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system called FocusCalm uses EEG headbands to monitor brain activity and detect when students are not paying attention, achieving an accuracy of 88.77% in classifying attention and non-attention states.
1024h agoA new pretrained model called REVE enables computers to accurately analyze diverse EEG brain signals by introducing a novel way to encode signal positions, achieving top results on 10 EEG tasks.
1024h agoRecurrent neural networks with random weights from heavy-tailed distributions exhibit a sharp transition between quiescent and chaotic dynamics, with a broader parameter regime near the edge of chaos but lower effective dimensionality.
1024h agoA novel model-based intrinsic drive, called 3M-Progress, enables artificial agents to achieve animal-like exploration and autonomous behavior by tracking divergence between an online world model and a fixed prior learned from an ecological niche.
1024h agoThe GLM-Transformer model identifies neural population interactions by capturing nonstationary individual-neuron dynamics and directed interactions between neural populations, offering a step toward improved understanding of signal transmission across brain areas.
1024h agoPOCO, a unified forecasting model, accurately predicts future neural activity across different brain recordings and species, capturing both individual neuron and brain-wide dynamics.
1024h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex should be expanded over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between receptive field responses under different viewing conditions.
1024h agoA new solution using a "decoupling matrix" allows feed-forward active shielding to reduce ambient magnetic fields to zero across the full frequency range, enabling more effective and lower-cost measurement systems.
1024h agoThe Time-Evolving Visual Dynamical System (TE-ViDS) model extracts low-dimensional latent representations from neural activity that evolve over time, revealing intrinsic correlations between neural activity and naturalistic visual stimuli.
1024h agoA new framework called FOND derives neural inference dynamics from principles of natural gradients, online belief updating, and iterative refinement, leading to the development of a recurrent spiking neural network called iP-VAE that performs variational inference efficiently and effectively.
1024h agoLimitations on recording neurons affect the accuracy of representational similarity measures between neural recordings and computational models, but a new analytical framework and denoising method can help overcome these limitations.
1024h agoRepresentation learning in neural networks is governed by emergent entropic forces that arise from stochasticity and discrete-time updates, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
1024h agoLarge language models have limited ability to monitor their own cognitive processes, and their capacity to report and control their internal workings depends on factors such as the number of examples provided and the interpretability of their neural activation patterns.
1024h agoTurbulence occurs when a deterministic process changes to a stochastic one due to a change in thermodynamic states, and is characterized by a quasi-periodic probability density function with negative probability regimes.
1024h agoA deep learning framework identifies the types of orbits in chaotic dynamical systems, including weakly chaotic, strongly chaotic, and regular orbits, by analyzing the complex and mixed behaviors in the generalized kicked rotator system.
1024h agoThe local Gaussian correlation network among negative tails of stock returns in the Shanghai Stock Exchange is more sensitive to stock market risks than networks based on Pearson correlations or local Gaussian correlations among positive tails.
1024h agoResource allocation and epidemic spreading are linked in a dynamic model, where four distinct patterns of disease prevalence emerge as resources are allocated to recipients.
1024h agoMultiple commutation relations of the quantum affine algebra can be expressed using trigonometric weight functions, independent of the representation of the L-operator.
1024h agoLarge language models' generated text shows puzzling behaviors like repetition and incoherence, and a new measure called correlation dimension reveals the complexity of text and detects degeneration in generated text.
1024h agoA simplified mathematical model describes the dynamics of optical waves in a special type of material with zero average electrical permittivity, taking into account nonuniformity, nonlinearity, and external pumping.
1024h agoCritical transitions in coupled dissipative kicked rotors arise from bifurcations of simple states, leading to multistability and coexisting spatial patterns.
1024h agoDynaMix, a novel mixture-of-experts architecture, accurately forecasts the long-term evolution of novel dynamical systems without re-training, outperforming existing time series models.
1024h agoThe coherent Ising machine optimization process uses evolving energy landscapes to guide the solution of complex optimization problems, and can evade high-energy local minima to find lower-energy global minima that align with hidden solutions.
1024h agoA new method computes real-space maps of local spectral operators in tight-binding models with linear scaling and accurately estimates values even under strong spatial fluctuations.
1024h agoPhilip Warren Anderson's work fundamentally shaped our understanding of complex systems, particularly in areas such as localization, magnetism, superconductivity, and broken symmetry.
1024h agoThe spectral functions of certain many-body quantum-mechanical systems develop non-compact support and exponential tails, which are properties required for holographic duality and the emergence of a semiclassical spacetime.
1024h agoThe Kramers escape rate for Brownian particles in bistable substrates changes with the shape deformability of the double-well potential, and a critical value of deformability triggers non-Gaussian corrections and a first-order transition in quantum tunneling.
1024h agoLimitations on recording neurons affect the accuracy of representational similarity measures between neural recordings and computational models, but a new analytical framework and denoising method can help overcome these limitations.
1024h agoProbabilistic neurons can generate more accurate results by producing multiple samples, and energy tradeoffs can be estimated to compare this approach with adding more bits to a single deterministic sample.
1024h agoRepresentation learning in neural networks is governed by emergent entropic forces that arise from stochasticity and discrete-time updates, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
1024h agoSelf-attention layers can be understood through dynamical systems analysis, revealing that normalization plays a key role in stabilizing inference dynamics and enabling high performance.
1024h agoFlat-band systems allow for controllable quantum transport, which can be achieved by integrating flat-band and all-bands-flat lattices into a hybrid structure.
1024h agoDefects in conformal field theories can be uplifted to defects in a supersymetric theory with two possible dimensions, and this uplift leads to new relations between defect conformal blocks and a reduction of global symmetry.
1024h agoAt least three electrostatic interactions between two docked Cx36 hemichannels are required to form functional gap junctions, and these interactions ensure Cx36 specifically docks with itself, not other brain connexins.
1024h agoThe auditory system changes how it localizes sounds based on recent experiences and the context in which sounds are presented, resulting in biased perceptions of sound location.
1024h agoTraining improves sound localization accuracy in virtual reality, and generic head-related transfer functions may be sufficient for most applications when combined with user training.
1028h agoArtificial neural networks trained with different random initializations exhibit substantial individual differences that resemble those in humans, and these differences can be used to improve predictions of individual human responses.
1028h agoPerceptual decisions rely on active sampling of cues from the environment, and the time spent sampling affects detection success, with differences in sampling behavior between male and female rats.
1028h agoACE2 in the striatum regulates the balance of neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine, and its disruption impairs motor learning and action selection.
1028h agoMacaque monkeys' brain neurons adjust their activity based on the relative positions of two objects in a scene, helping to coordinate attention, gaze, and motor goals.
1028h agoVDAC activation inhibits long-term potentiation and memory formation in the hippocampus by triggering neuroinflammatory pathways, an effect that can be prevented by certain neuroactive steroids.
1028h agoDirect conversion of somatic cells to induced neural stem cells results in pronounced epigenetic de-aging, with cells from aged donors showing around 13% and 5% of their original age after conversion.
1028h agoSpike-timing dependent plasticity rules affect the formation of polychronous groups and cell ensembles, which represent different types of memory, in distinct ways in cortical and hippocampal CA1 networks.
1028h agoA new classification framework reveals that distinct brain network configurations differentiate cannabis users, alcohol users, and healthy controls, and that shared and substance-specific mechanisms drive addiction.
1028h agoThe brain represents visual information in a way that is neither fully tied to the viewer's perspective nor fully based on the object's position in the world.
1028h agoThe brain and spinal cord encode pain perception through different patterns of activity and connectivity, with spinal cord representations primarily tracking stimulus intensity and brain regions encoding both stimulus intensity and subjective pain experience.
1028h agoThe neural system uses a hierarchical pathway to perform path integration, where velocity information is first processed by band cells, then coordinated with grid cells to calculate location.
1028h agoPex11β regulates mitochondrial dynamics by balancing fission and fusion, and its dysregulation contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
1028h agoA gradient-boosted ensemble framework accurately predicts blood-brain barrier permeability by classifying compounds as permeable or non-permeable using precomputed molecular fingerprints.
1028h agoThe brain coordinates threat displays in male Drosophila through a hierarchical circuit that combines the activity of specific neurons to generate characteristic wing and leg movements.
1028h agoA new therapeutic candidate, T2, shows promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by targeting two key factors, G9a and GSK-3B, and improves memory, restores behaviors, and increases synaptic complexity in a mouse model.
1040h agoThe neuron-specific a3 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase pump enables high-frequency firing in certain neurons by having a low affinity for intracellular Na, and its unique kinetic features determine firing capacity, not pump quantity.
1040h agoHuntington's disease neurons show changes in protein phosphorylation, including altered abundance of 177 phosphopeptides and changes in protein MXRA8 that may contribute to impaired signaling and autophagy.
1040h agoThe visual working memory content influences automatic eye movements, with corrective eye movements more frequently biased towards distractors that match the memorized color, especially when the memory task is harder.
1040h agoLearning a visually-guided discrimination task increases information about relevant sensory features through distinct changes in the visual cortical hierarchy, with neurons in primary visual cortex encoding features more reliably and neurons in parietal cortex reorganizing their feature preferences in a task-specific manner.
1040h agoKetamine triggers a wave of neuroplasticity that starts in the medial prefrontal cortex and moves to the hippocampus, with the serotonergic system acting as a key connector.
1040h agoButyrate decreases amyloid beta accumulation in endothelial cells by activating the insulin signaling pathway, which improves blood-brain barrier integrity.
1040h agoAcute stress changes how the hippocampus works, enhancing its ability to detect patterns and learn statistically, while impairing its ability to form specific memories.
1040h agoIndividuals differ in their tendency to avoid punishment, and this difference relates to distinct brain networks in the prefrontal cortex that drive adaptive or maladaptive responses to negative outcomes.
1044h agoThe shape of brain oscillations provides information about brain processes, and changes in this shape can be linked to specific effects of the drug diazepam on the brain.
1048h agoHousing Ndufs4-/- mice at a warmer temperature increases their lifespan, reduces disease symptoms, and improves their activity level.
1048h agoNeuronal extracellular vesicles deliver microRNAs to specific parts of neurons to regulate axonal growth and shape neurodevelopment.
1064h agoActivating certain brain cells in the preoptic area induces a state of lowered body temperature and reduced metabolism that protects against brain damage in a mouse stroke model.
1064h agoThe neural activity in gerbil brains can accurately identify the type and family of vocalizations, despite variations in sound, by processing different acoustic features.
1064h agoThe visual salience of options guides value-based decisions by influencing the efficiency of evidence accumulation, with more similar visual cues making it harder for rats to choose between high and low reward options.
1064h agoHuman neural organoids and assembloids exhibit distinct neuronal morphologies, including immature pyramidal-like, double-bouquet, and bushy-like neurons, with interregional assembloids showing greater complexity and features of emerging connectivity.
1064h agoIncreased substance use during adolescence and young adulthood is linked to high impulsivity, low inhibitory control, and low basal ganglia tissue iron, a marker of dopamine function.
1068h agoAstrocytes with APOE3 variant prevent cholesterol and lipid induced damage to nerve cells, while astrocytes with APOE4 variant do not, and this is linked to differences in lipid transport.
1068h agoSensory areas in the mammalian brain, specifically the auditory cortex, encode the class and temporal structure of future vocal output, with distinct neuronal activity patterns occurring before vocalizations.
1068h agoHuman microglia and neurons co-mature and interact in a specific way that allows them to develop and function normally, and this interaction is necessary to understand various central nervous system disorders.
1068h agoObservers focus on visual information that helps them understand their environment, prioritising semantically salient objects when it aids their understanding.
1068h agoRecurrent neural networks with random weights from heavy-tailed distributions exhibit a sharp transition between quiescent and chaotic dynamics, and show a broader gain regime near the edge of chaos but with lower effective dimensionality.
1068h agoSchizophrenia starts with an early disruption in forebrain development, which is linked to abnormal gene expression, changes in brain cell formation, and disrupted brain connections.
1068h agoLoss of stmn2a and stmn2b expression disrupts the assembly of zebrafish neuromuscular junctions during development, leading to impaired motor function and reduced ability to regenerate motor axons.
1068h agoThe dentate gyrus preferentially responds to social stimuli at both the level of individual neurons and neural networks.
1068h agoAdgrl2 controls neural circuit assembly and cerebrovascular integrity through cell-type specific isoforms produced by alternative splicing.
1068h agoDepleting CpG motifs from the AAV genome prevents AAV-induced dendritic loss and synaptic weakening, offering a strategy to protect neurons without compromising immunity.
1068h agoCells in the human hippocampus, amygdala, and orbitofrontal cortex respond selectively to specific event orders, helping to form memories of sequences of events.
1068h agoA biophysically informed neural field model reveals reduced corticothalamic integrity in patients with disorders of consciousness, with more pronounced effects in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome than in minimally conscious state.
1068h agoCSNK2B gene replacement in mice corrects autism-like behaviors, seizures, and brain abnormalities, and normalizes brain activity, providing a potential therapy for CSNK2B-linked neurodevelopmental disorders.
1072h agoThe primate visual system represents basic visual features like orientation throughout its entire network, even in higher areas, due to the integration of low- and high-level features in functional "hubs".
1072h agoCannabidiol (CBD) serves both pain-relieving and pain-causing functions in larval zebrafish, with low concentrations reducing pain responses and high concentrations increasing pain sensitivity through activation of the Trpa1b receptor.
1072h agoThe drift-diffusion model can account for choice-induced preference change when it is extended to include independent attributes in the drift rate.
1072h agoBladder mucosal afferents become hypersensitive during urinary tract infections and play a key role in driving infection-induced pain and frequent urination.
1072h agoSocial experiences in adolescence shape individual social profiles, which can predict future social behaviors and are associated with specific brain metabolites and gene expressions.
1072h agoKOR activation delays the initiation of reward-seeking behavior and changes dopamine signaling patterns, making it more salient and potentially contributing to habitual behaviors.
1072h agoRetinal waves instruct the development of the visual system, and a new toolbox can automatically detect and analyze their spatiotemporal properties, revealing dynamic changes in wave properties over time and in response to pharmacological agents.
1076h agoStimulation of the premotor and parietal cortex disrupts motor activity by inducing cortical silent periods in the voluntarily activated upper limb, even without eliciting motor evoked potentials.
1076h agoIschemic injury alters vascular function, leads to inflammation and oxidative stress, and impairs angiogenesis, causing progressive changes in lesion volume, vascular remodeling, and blood-brain barrier permeability.
1076h agoHDAP2 protects retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve axons in a pressure-dependent manner, preserving 49% more cells than untreated retinas at similar pressure exposures.
1076h agoPhysiological crosstalk between human retinas predicts the nature of neurovascular coupling in the brain, and this crosstalk is linked to larger brain responses and may serve as a biomarker for disease in diabetes.
1076h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be used to generate parasympathetic neurons that mimic native physiological features and interact with heart cells.
1076h agoThe insular cortex's pyramidal neurons have 21 distinct morphological types, 12 electrical types, and 9 input types that are linked to their functions and connections.
1076h agoEntropy maps of brain network communities show that local entropy decreases in predictable brain regions during tasks like working memory and music listening, reflecting self-organization of neural processes.
1076h agoThe fish Gymnotus omarorum maintains territorial aggression year-round by changing hormone levels and gene expression in its brain to support this behavior during different seasons.
1076h agoFast trill neurons, which help produce fast trills in male X. laevis frogs, are also present in frogs that do not produce fast trills, and may serve other functions.
1076h agoAugmented feedback helps expert performers improve intricate skills by providing detailed information about their movements, allowing them to break through performance plateaus and refine their actions.
1076h agoDeep generative models can synthesize accurate perfusion maps from routine non-contrast MRI scans, potentially streamlining stroke imaging and reducing the need for contrast injection.
1076h agoOlder adults have weaker brain responses to visual scenes during memory encoding, and this decline is linked to reduced activity in the brain's locus coeruleus, affecting their memory performance.
1076h agoThe ageing turquoise killifish retina develops hallmark features of age-related macular degeneration and human ageing, including photoreceptor deterioration and lipid deposits.
1076h agoThe brain controls attention through rhythmic fluctuations, mainly at 8-12 Hz, and this neural code for attention changes with task demands and affects behavior.
1076h agoQuantum computing can help solve multi-objective optimization challenges by using a low-depth quantum algorithm to find better solutions than classical approaches.
1080h agoChronic stress causes changes in the prefrontal cortex characterized by down-regulation of glia, myelin, and vascular pathways and suppression of immediate-early gene activity, which can link to psychiatric disorders.
1080h agoDapansutrile treatment reduces neurodegeneration, motor problems, and abnormal protein clumps in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in reactive microglia.
1084h agoThe cerebellum plays a key role in adapting motor movements to visual delays by sending excitatory signals to other brain regions, such as V5, and receiving inhibitory signals in return.
1088h agoAutism spectrum disorder involves widespread and heterogeneous deviations in brain network organization, particularly in the language network, which is associated with distinct behavioral profiles and cortical gene expression patterns.
1088h agoThe LRRK2 G2019S mutation impairs GABAergic transmission and disrupts the balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain, leading to a dominance of excitatory signals.
1088h agoPrenatal exposure to cannabinoids, including CBD and THC, leads to lasting changes in adult behavior, including increased risk assessment in females and repetitive behavior in both sexes.
1088h agoSystemic respiratory infections change the brain's gene activity in Alzheimer's disease, dampening immune responses and activating vascular and infection-fighting processes.
1088h agoThe cell-specific connectivity of a three-population circuit made of excitatory, parvalbumin, and somatostatin neurons generates gamma oscillations and determines the phase relationships between the activities of these neurons.
1088h agoA wearable device that combines multiple sensors and a computer chip helps people with upper-limb function, improving tremor control, range of motion, and movement repetitions.
1096h agoA new framework enables efficient GPU-accelerated simulation of sparse spiking neural networks with structural plasticity, allowing for faster training times and reduced computational requirements.
1096h agoThe absence of local obstructions characterizes convexity in neural codes with up to three maximal codewords, and also in many codes with four maximal codewords, but sometimes a second type of obstruction, a "wheel", is also required.
1096h agoA novel two-system approach enables continual learning and flexible reuse of skills in recurrent neural network models by separating the inference of what computation to perform from how to perform it.
1096h agoDeep learning approaches are advancing neurological diagnostics by analyzing brain signals from EEG and iEEG, improving diagnosis and monitoring across seven neurological conditions.
1096h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex should be expanded over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between receptive field responses under different viewing conditions.
1096h agoA novel framework combines virtual reality and EEG recordings to quantify mental and emotional states over time, enabling the inference of emotional states and development of mathematical models to capture their temporal dynamics.
1096h agoThe cerebral cortex displays different patterns of activity that change over time depending on the brain state, ranging from unconsciousness to consciousness, which are characterized by varying levels of synchronization and complexity.
1096h agoMeasurement processes of quantum systems can be reformulated as probabilistic equations using probabilistic state vectors, which can be approximated by the neural network dynamics of the Tensor Brain model.
1096h agoA new fractional mathematical model describes the interaction between plants and water in arid environments, simulating vegetation migration and linking water advection and diffusion with the slope of the domain.
1096h agoSpace resonances govern long-time dynamics in weakly nonlinear dispersive wave systems when wave packets share the same group velocity and remain co-located.
1096h agoA revised continuum model yields soliton amplitudes and velocities that agree closely with numerical simulations, achieving an improvement of 1/9 over a previous benchmark.
1096h agoTwo new quantum algorithms solve reaction-diffusion equations using truncated Chebyshev polynomial approximation with gate complexities of O(d·log(d)+T·polylog(T/ε)) and O(polylog(d)·T·polylog(T/ε)).
1096h agoFusion categories with a non-invertible, self-dual object give rise to integrable anyonic chains with a Hamiltonian density that satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra.
1096h agoSoliton interactions in coupled Kerr microcavities are governed by mechanisms that depend on coupling strength, perturbations, and pump phase difference.
1096h agoA weakly nonlinear framework extends classical tools to structured PDE models, allowing for the study of pattern formation in heterogeneous populations with sharply peaked or singular steady states.
1096h agoEquitability is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of linearly independent cluster synchronised solutions in networks of coupled dynamical units with multiplex or higher-order interactions.
1096h agoIncluding global-range interaction allows Bethe Ansatz solutions for quantum systems beyond one-dimensional models.
1096h agoNew semi-discrete nonlinear systems, including a twelve-component and a six-component system, were developed to model physical phenomena on quasi-one-dimensional lattices.
1096h agoModulational instability in a two-component ultracold atomic gas generates dispersive shock waves, which can be analytically described and experimentally observed, leading to the production of Peregrine soliton structures.
1096h agoThe asymptotic expansion of the tau-function for a special solution of the string equation is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
1096h agoThe Reshetikhin condition implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities in quantum spin chains with finite-range interactions.
1096h agoA mobility edge exists in the spectrum of two coupled tight-binding chains with incommensurate periods, where higher-energy states abruptly become localized, and a weak magnetic field enhances localization while a strong field delocalizes most states.
1096h agoElectromagnetic waves and scalar waves exhibit a non-ergodic extended phase with fractal quasimodes in disordered media, with electromagnetic waves remaining in this phase at high disorder strength and scalar waves eventually becoming localized.
1096h agoA multifractal analysis of the local density of states offers a clear signature of criticality in quasiperiodic moiré materials, allowing for its identification and probing through scanning tunneling microscopy.
1096h agoA new model proposes that phonon anomalies in solids, including the van Hove singularity and the boson peak, share a common physical origin and can be unified within a single framework.
1096h agoConfinement between two parallel plates changes the self-diffusion process of a hard sphere fluid, which depends on the height of the system.
1096h agoThe 3D toric code exhibits fault-tolerance thresholds of approximately 11% against bit-flip errors and 2% against phase-flip errors, showing its robustness against measurement errors.
1096h agoTinkering decouples Fiedler and spectral dimensions in composite networks, providing insights into their collective behavior.
1096h agoThe Russian Doll Model shows a rich phase structure with extended, localized, ergodic, and multifractal phases in its parameter plane.
1096h agoResidual networks have better trainability and performance than feed-forward networks at large depth because skip connections and a scaling parameter for the residual branch improve signal propagation and generalization.
1096h agoPhase change materials' performance relies on the dynamics of their supercooled liquid phase, which affects device operation and glass structural relaxations, and is marked by a breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation between viscosity and diffusion coefficient.
1096h agoTemperature chaos in spin glasses arises from reentrance, where a drop in temperature drives the system from an ordered to a less ordered phase.
1096h agoThe unwrapped Wilson line method efficiently computes the bulk topological invariant in multiband systems, accurately capturing all topological edge states and providing a robust framework for understanding topological properties.
1096h agoDeep generative models, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), have connections to diffusion processes and coupled Bosons, and their learning mechanisms involve a symmetry breaking process in the energy landscape during training.
1096h agoWord embeddings based on co-occurrence probability show a linear analogy structure, which emerges from the top eigenvectors of the co-occurrence matrix and is enhanced by using logarithmic transformation.
1096h agoHyperuniform systems have three classes with different levels of uniformity, with Class I systems showing the highest degree of uniformity from small to large length scales, followed by Class II and Class III systems.
1096h agoThe spectral SIE theorem reveals a universal speed limit for R'enyi entanglement growth, establishing a robust $1/s^2$ decay threshold in the entanglement spectrum.
1096h agoNeurons adapt to environmental changes through two processes that tune their excitability, allowing them to maintain stable function and respond differently to future challenges.
1096h agoProtracted sampling, where evidence is accumulated over time, is used to judge subtle feature differences in a long stimulus, but alternative non-integration strategies like extremum-detection also fit the data.
1096h agoNeuronal extracellular vesicles interact with proteins involved in synaptic transmission, vesicle trafficking, and inhibitory neurotransmission, and this interaction changes in Alzheimer's disease.
1100h agoGene replacement therapy with adeno-associated virus (AAV) human FOXG1 can improve some behavioral deficits in FOXG1 syndrome, but may worsen motor behaviors in female patients.
1100h agoDeamidation of amyloid beta-42 alters its aggregation and reduces microglial activation and inflammatory signaling.
1100h agoA high-fat diet causes a faster onset and progression of Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in female mice than in male mice.
1100h agoPersistent neural activity in the auditory cortex enables the decoding of past stimuli during both wakefulness and sleep.
1100h agoGraph Neural Networks, particularly the Graph Attention Network architecture, accurately segment the brain surface based on structural brain connectivity, and combining data from diffusion and structural MRI improves segmentation results.
1100h agoIndividual cortical neurons can have axonal connections that cover 30-40% of all cortical areas, and combining a few neurons can reach almost all areas.
1100h agoThe frailty index, which measures health and longevity, is a reliable predictor of age-related cognitive decline in mice, reflecting not only general physiological aging but also brain aging.
1100h agoNeural inflammation in thoracic dorsal root ganglia drives cardiopulmonary afferent sensitization through suppression of voltage-gated potassium channels after myocardial infarction, leading to chronic heart failure.
1100h agoMovement duration emerges from the control policy itself, and this idea successfully explains diverse aspects of human reaching behavior, including tradeoffs between movement duration and task parameters.
1100h agoConsidering both local and global brain connectivity properties, including higher-order statistical associations, improves the identification of meaningful individual differences that relate to phenotypic expressions.
1100h agoThe ventral temporal pole plays a critical role in recalling verbal emotional memories, and damage to this area selectively impairs this type of memory.
1104h agoCocaine use disorder is associated with abnormal brain changes, specifically increased neural processing times in visual, somatomotor, and default mode networks, linked to altered brain chemistry and impaired inhibitory control.
1104h agoSmall molecules can control DNA binding and release by AP1 transcription factors, including deltaFOSB, by docking into a novel site outside the DNA-binding cleft.
1104h agoA unique neural signature predicts individual differences in long-term memory encoding, and this signature is independent of visual working memory and attentional control.
1104h agoA compound called YL0441 disrupts the binding of deltaFOSB to DNA, which plays a key role in the development of drug addiction, cognitive decline, and several other chronic neurological and psychiatric conditions.
1104h agoBehavior-Adaptive Connectivity Estimation (BACE) framework learns phase-specific, directed inter-regional connectivity from brain activity and provides explicit connectivity matrices that reveal behavior-aligned reconfiguration of inter-regional influence.
1104h agoShort-range connections within and between prefrontal cortex subdivisions can be mapped with high precision and accuracy in the living human brain using an anatomically-guided approach.
1104h agoThe primate dorsomedial prefrontal cortex uses a gaze-dependent process to accumulate social evidence from a partner's actions and guide cooperative decisions.
1104h agoTheta and gamma neural dynamics in the human auditory cortex track syllable boundaries and encode phonemic information during speech perception, and are primarily driven by the acoustic envelope of speech rather than internal brain mechanisms.
1104h agoGluN2A, GluN2B, and GluN2D NMDAR subunits are robustly expressed in dorsal horn neurons of both rodents and humans, and are preferentially localized to the superficial dorsal horn, with differences in distribution between species and across development.
1104h agoPSD-95 plays a critical role in driving binocular maturation, and its absence impairs binocular integration during ethologically demanding behaviors.
1104h agoLH-GABA neurons are involved in learning both rewarding and aversive associations, and their activity is highest in response to cues that predict aversive outcomes.
1104h agoLamin B1 regulates neuronal migration by controlling nuclear deformability, and its excess or imbalance leads to impaired neuronal positioning and electrophysiological defects in the brain.
1104h agoInterrupting the perception-action cycle changes how people make perceptual decisions based on recent history, with no-response trials reducing attractive biases and enhancing repulsive biases.
1104h agoNeural dynamics associated with planning show that value estimation signals and state reactivation change across trials, with improved performance linked to stronger value encoding and reduced reactivation of negative-value states.
1104h agoSpeech production relies on a right-lateralized network that integrates auditory and somatosensory feedback to maintain fluency, and individual differences in susceptibility to disrupted feedback are linked to specific patterns of brain activation and fiber tract organization.
1104h agoA neural symbolic regression approach autonomously uncovers network dynamics from data, refining existing models of gene regulation and ecology, and identifying epidemic transmission patterns.
1108h agoThe brain monitors body systems through a large-scale brain system that regulates body functions, including connections between brainstem nuclei.
1112h agoAstrocytes and microglia in the mouse cortex reprogram neurodegeneration-related pathways in a cell- and disease-specific way in response to amyloid pathology or aging.
1112h agoThe dorsal raphe nucleus's opioid system plays a key role in motivation and behavior by acting on a novel population of neurons that are separate from serotonin cells.
1112h agoMemory consolidation in flies allows for memory updating, where a previously learned association between an odor and a food reward is changed to an avoidance response after the fly experiences malaise from eating tainted food.
1112h agoCategory learning induces an expansion of neural space near decision boundaries, allowing for enhanced discrimination between stimuli close to the category boundary.
1120h agoThe grid illusion may be caused by blind spots in the eye.
1120h agoHandwriting features, such as stability, writing speed, and pressure variations, effectively distinguish between neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and healthy controls.
1120h agoA new method decomposes mutual information into contributions from individual stimuli and features, allowing for the identification of what information neurons encode.
1120h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations of a wide set of semantic concepts using well-characterized images, expanding the capacity to model human visual experience.
1120h agoThe study finds that people tend to avoid making eye movements that cross earlier paths in their scan, a phenomenon called self-crossing avoidance, which helps facilitate exploration of visual scenes.
1120h agoLarge Language Models (LLMs) exhibit similar memory effects to humans, including remembering less with too much information, better recall with repetition, and difficulties with overlapping information, but also show key differences in how they process information.
1120h agoThe dataset ScholaWrite captures the complete thought process of scholarly writing, tracing changes from initial drafts to final manuscripts and providing insights into the cognitive demands of writing.
1120h agoDeep learning models outperform classical approaches in forecasting neural activity, producing informative forecasts up to 1.5 seconds into the future.
1120h agoActive particles that forage for resources in a non-cooperative way can self-organize into swarms when resources are absent, with the strength of swarming inversely related to the amount of resource they have.
1120h agoThe recurrence-based divergence quantifier is an effective tool for detecting chaos in conservative systems, and its performance agrees with the fast Lyapunov indicator in identifying chaotic and regular trajectories.
1120h agoA novel integrability condition for the Riccati equation allows for the analytical general solutions containing free parameters to be presented.
1120h agoThe symmetries of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur system collapse into a finite-dimensional module when restricted to multi-soliton solutions, spanned by elementary center-translation generators.
1120h agoPrejudice leads to spiteful behavior in strategic interactions, causing a sudden and sharp increase in spiteful individuals when prejudice reaches a certain threshold.
1120h agoTopological Data Analysis can reveal key harmonic features of sound and distinguish between integer and non-integer harmonics when using specific time delays related to fractions of the fundamental period.
1120h agoNonlinear bound states of the nonlinear Schrödinger equations can arise from scattering resonance states and transmission resonance states of an underlying Schrödinger operator.
1120h agoThe analysis of the Eckhaus instability in the one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equation reveals four distinct regimes: rapid decay of stable perturbations, latent changes, a phase-slip period, and slow relaxation to a final stable state.
1120h agoA rescaled Manning potential is obtained from analyzing scatterings of small excitations with a kink defect in a nonlinear molecular chain model.
1120h agoDispersive shock waves are observed in an intense electron beam, where a localized perturbation evolves into a soliton-like peak followed by an expanding train of oscillations.
1120h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
1120h agoThe global existence and uniqueness of solutions to the energy-critical half-wave maps equation are established for all rational initial data, demonstrating global well-posedness for a dense subset of the energy space.
1120h agoNonlinearly coupled heterogeneous oscillators on topologically equivalent nodes can easily synchronize when forming a fully connected subgraph, regardless of the status of other oscillators.
1120h agoThe special solution of the (3,4) string equation has an asymptotic expansion that is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
1120h agoThe equilibria in a random model network with extensive chaos are strongly correlated, occupy a small region in phase space, and have low-dimensional unstable manifolds.
1120h agoIntroducing non-monotonic transfer functions into the Hopfield associative memory model dramatically enhances retrieval performance.
1120h agoHilbert space fragmentation appears in disordered systems, such as the XXZ model with random on-site fields, leading to non-ergodic dynamics and affecting many-body delocalization.
1120h agoMachine learning-assisted optimization method, specifically Global Annealing Monte Carlo, outperforms classical state-of-the-art techniques in solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization problems, particularly in finding minimum energy configurations in three-dimensional Ising spin glasses.
1120h agoSymmetry can be restored in many-body localized systems without approaching thermal equilibrium, and the quantum Mpemba effect emerges universally for any tilted product state.
1120h agoNonlinearly coupled heterogeneous oscillators on topologically equivalent nodes can easily synchronize when forming a fully connected subgraph, regardless of the status of other oscillators.
1120h agoA strongly disordered nuclear spin ensemble exhibits a phase transition into a sub-diffusive regime, inhibiting thermalization and slowing down transport.
1120h agoA universal phase diagram exists for quantum chains with range-k interactions that conserve total charge and dipole moment, exhibiting freezing transitions between strongly and weakly fragmented phases at a critical charge filling of νc=(k-2)−1.
1120h agoThe Rosenzweig-Porter model's phase diagram and localization properties remain robust when its random matrix is changed from Gaussian to Wishart type, with level compressibility matching the original model.
1120h agoA tunable quantum circuit model shows that the performance and scalability of a quantum reservoir computer can be controlled by adjusting the fraction of non-stabilizing gates, allowing navigation from classically tractable to maximally expressive quantum dynamics.
1120h agoThe P1/pC1x neurons in male fruit flies form a complex network with other neurons to regulate behaviors such as mating and aggression.
1120h agoPostpartum estrogen withdrawal increases anxiety-like behaviors and social changes by raising levels of a specific brain protein called {Delta}FOSB.
1120h agoVariants in the SCN8A gene, particularly in specific exons, cause severe seizures and developmental delays in pediatric epilepsy, and a new therapy using antisense oligonucleotides can normalize neuronal activity, reduce seizures, and improve outcomes in a mouse model.
1120h agoPatients with functional somatic disorders, multiple chemical sensitivity, and post-COVID-19 conditions have reduced inter-hemispheric brain connectivity, which may represent a shared neurobiological signature among these groups.
1120h agoAn all-optical strategy allows precise control and monitoring of brain activity in thousands of neurons, revealing that certain interneurons respond to diverse stimulation patterns, defying conventional brain wiring rules.
1120h agoA canonical Hidden Markov Model provides a common reference for describing brain networks across different studies using magneto/encephalography recordings.
1124h agoExperience modulates the plasticity of spatial representations in the brain differently for layer 2/3 and layer 5 neurons, with layer 2/3 neurons requiring novel environments and layer 5 neurons showing plasticity regardless of environmental familiarity.
1124h agoInterocular differences in optical blur cause differences in processing speed between the eyes, leading to visible illusions in a subset of people, including presbyopes and non-presbyopes.
1124h agoPattern recognition and generation rely on a shared neural mechanism that uses feedback pathways to combine learned knowledge with sensory input.
1124h agoPost-stroke fatigue arises from a combination of socio-demographic, emotional, and cerebral factors, and is associated with lesions in specific brain areas, including the right corona radiata and external capsule.
1124h agoSleep deprivation narrows the brain's ability to reorganize itself, disrupting the normal balance between integrated and segregated brain states, due to changes in thalamic activity and physiological connections with cortical networks.
1124h agoNew learning can stabilize place fields in the hippocampus, rather than causing more drift, if the neural populations involved in the new learning are different from those involved in the original task.
1124h agoPigs show age-related changes in central nervous system tissue and cerebrospinal fluid volumes, with spinal cerebrospinal fluid volume surpassing brain cerebrospinal fluid volume in older pigs.
1124h agoResistance training during the day improves deep sleep and helps the body cool down at night, with greater benefits in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
1128h agoBioelectronic implants for neurostimulation work better when they adjust for the body's natural rhythms, and a new device, the DyNeuMo-2c, can do this by changing its stimulation settings according to the time of day.
1128h agoDNA damage-induced epigenetic changes affect cognitive behavior and alter amyloid-beta plaque morphology and neuroinflammation in a genetically susceptible Alzheimer's disease model.
1128h agoNear-death experiences can be graphically represented through a hybrid approach, and this method reveals consistent visual patterns, including conical forms and elliptic arcs, that are correlated with specific perceptual qualities.
1132h agoStronger connections between certain brain regions predict better or worse working memory performance in people with multiple sclerosis and healthy individuals.
1132h agoThe centromedial dorsal raphe nucleus contains neurons that are vulnerable to pathologically-phosphorylated tau, showing increased excitability that promotes tau accumulation and depressive-like behaviors.
1132h agoA single neural network can model and compute a wide range of solid-state materials, reducing computational costs and potentially accelerating the design of next-generation materials.
1136h agoTraining a transferable neural wavefunction reduces the computational cost by approximately 50-fold for calculating variations of crystalline materials such as graphene and lithium hydride.
1136h agoActivation of PPAR, PPARγ, and PGC-1 reduces photoreceptor death in retinitis pigmentosa, while their inhibition or imbalance in energy metabolism leads to photoreceptor degeneration.
1136h agoBurst suppression in EEG patterns occurs when biological complexity is lost, particularly in simplified excitatory networks, and reflects near-complete loss of complexity in severe cases.
1136h agoJAKMIP1 modulates neuronal IL-6/STAT3 signaling, and its deficiency impairs IL-6-induced neuritogenesis, suggesting a link between this gene and the inflammatory landscape of autism spectrum disorder.
1136h agoSerotonin acts on 5-HT1BR receptors in the dorsomedial striatum to recruit medium spiny neuron activity in response to reward and to inhibit activity during waiting periods, modulating goal-directed behavior.
1136h agoPregnancy increases feeding behavior in mice by activating the mesolimbic dopamine system, which promotes hedonic feeding and sensitivity to food deprivation.
1136h agoMusical experience and active engagement with music predict the effect of auditory motor paired associative stimulation on corticospinal excitability, with non-musicians showing more facilitation than musicians.
1136h agoThe frontal lobe integrates social information in natural settings, combining motor control and social cognition.
1136h agoHeartbeat sound promotes the maturation of human brain cells and their organization by activating a specific mechanism in astrocytes that leads to changes in the brain's structure and function.
1136h agoHumans learn to resolve temporal uncertainty through observation, and this learning process shapes the neural response to observed threats in the brain.
1136h agoA network of frontal brain areas supports abstract formal reasoning in humans, and this network is distinct from those that support fluid intelligence, language, physical reasoning, and social reasoning.
1140h agoA new MRI approach called CSF-iDDxI maps cerebrospinal fluid production in the brain by tracking changes in fluid signal, and shows that acetazolamide suppresses this production.
1140h agoA standard model of neural circuitry in the retina explains many aspects of early visual processing and produces a diversity of neural computations with different parameters.
1144h agoA new framework called Biophysical-Model-Informed Source Separation (BMISS) accurately extracts neural drive information from surface electromyography (sEMG) by integrating anatomically accurate models.
1144h agoBrains and language models may share similar internal representations of the world, with models that improve and get bigger tending to represent the real world in similar ways to brains.
1144h agoThe dynamic threshold curve (DTC) represents the effective likelihood that noise will generate a spike in excitable systems, and its peaks, troughs, and slopes convey information about spike timing in response to noise.
1144h agoSelf-supervised learning benefits from a novel approach called POYO-SSL, which improves performance on neural data by pretraining on predictable neurons and fine-tuning on unpredictable ones.
1144h agoEEG conveys only tens of bits per sample about low-dimensional neural activity, with information saturating at around 64-128 electrodes and limited more by measurement physics than algorithmic complexity.
1144h agoThe Free Energy Principle can be realized through exact local credit assignment, which enables self-organizing systems to minimize variational free energy and persist.
1144h agoDeep learning models outperform classical approaches in forecasting neural activity, producing informative forecasts up to 1.5 seconds into the future.
1144h agoA continuous-time neural model unifies several biologically plausible learning algorithms, allowing networks to stably learn at biological timescales even under temporal mismatches and integration noise.
1144h agoVariables related to intensity and training variability best predict success in learning to categorize sounds, and training changes brain activity in areas related to speech and motor skills.
1144h agoThe brain forms task-specific pathways through specific constraints, including routing costs and randomized expert dropout, that encourage pathway formation, rather than through the actions of heterogeneous regions alone.
1144h agoA single population of spiking neurons can learn to predict what will happen, when it will happen, and with what probability through a biologically plausible three-factor Hebbian rule.
1144h agoGeneral fractional dynamics uses general fractional calculus to study non-local properties of dynamical systems, and researchers propose the concept of "general nonlocal maps" as exact solutions to equations with general fractional integrals and derivatives.
1144h agoThe nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation on a metric star graph has soliton solutions that propagate without reflection, conserving energy and momentum.
1144h agoThe escape dynamics in an open circular billiard under gravity transition from fully chaotic to non-hyperbolic as particle energy increases, marked by the emergence of Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser islands.
1144h agoElectrocardiogram complexity differs between healthy and diseased individuals, and adding complexity measures to machine learning models improves classification accuracy.
1144h agoA collision between a Nielsen-Olesen vortex and antivortex reveals a chaotic pattern with bounce windows in the deep type II regime.
1144h agoThe spectrum of a PT-symmetric periodic Schrodinger operator, which is a small perturbation of the zero potential, has lacunae that are shaped like ellipses with focal points at the branch points of the spectral curve.
1144h agoComputer simulations of lasers and photonic devices have progressed together with their development, demonstrating nonlinear features such as stability and instability, bifurcations, chaos, and solitons, which correspond to laboratory experiments with various applications.
1144h agoThe deformed type $D_{2N}$ map is integrable for $N\geq3$ and its degree growth can be studied via the tropical method.
1144h agoLarge localised waves can appear as transient states in the evolution of inward-propagating waves, contributing to the possible mechanisms for the generation of rogue waves.
1144h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
1144h agoOverparameterization changes the loss landscape of a simple learning problem, shifting the point at which the initialization becomes informative or uninformative about a planted signal, and can allow for information retrieval at a lower signal-to-noise ratio.
1144h agoRare system-wide resonances play a key role in the stability of the many-body localization phase, and three distinct regimes - ergodic, intermediate, and robust localized phases - are identified based on the influence of these resonances.
1144h agoTensor factorizations can be based on sparse measurements of tensor components, which is useful for cases with a substantial amount of missing data, such as in recommendation systems.
1144h agoThe boundary between classically simulable and superior quantum systems can be controlled by adjusting the proportion of certain gates in a quantum circuit, allowing for the creation of powerful and trainable quantum machine learning systems.
1144h agoIncorporating quantum-enhanced operations allows for reliable quantum information transmission through noisy channels, as it triggers a phase transition from recoverable to irrecoverable states.
1144h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, and only delocalizes at zero temperature, with its diffusion behavior following a non-monotonic pattern.
1144h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
1144h agoMotor imagery is correlated with changes in heart rhythmicity and brain connectivity within the motor network, influencing sensorimotor function and learning.
1144h agoActivation of A1 adenosine receptors suppresses hyperexcitation in neuronal networks, offering potential protection against excitotoxic death of neurons in central nervous system pathologies.
1144h agoThe cortex encodes sensory input by transforming feedforward signals into prediction-error-like signals through a balanced interplay of excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
1144h agoCardiac sympathetic activity relates to cerebral blood flow regulation and ventilatory status, particularly in elderly individuals with impaired cerebrovascular control.
1144h agoA new gene editing strategy allows for the reduction of dopamine receptors in three rodent species, enabling the investigation of the dopaminergic system across different species.
1144h agoLipid metabolic disturbances in the substantia nigra pars reticulata disrupt basal ganglia circuit integrity, leading to dopaminergic disinhibition and behavioral changes similar to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
1144h agoParkinson's disease risk genes are specifically expressed at brain barriers and enriched in brain regions associated with the disease.
1144h agoHumans can dissociate neural input to the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles during isometric contractions, but only partly, with the proximal region of vastus medialis showing distinct activation profiles.
1144h agoC. elegans uses lipidated neurohormones to combine information about fat metabolism and neurotransmitters, driving changes in behavior in response to food removal.
1144h agoWorking memory uses a mix of abstract and sensory-like representations, and remains susceptible to interference from new sensory inputs that share features with the information being remembered.
1144h agoColor perceptions change more quickly in some parts of the color spectrum, like near yellow, than others, like near green, and these differences appear early in the brain's processing of color.
1144h agoOASIS, a new platform, enables precise genome editing and subcellular visualization in oligodendrocytes, allowing for specific tagging and labeling of proteins in these cells across the brain.
1148h agoBringing the hand near a visual stimulus enhances visual processing in the early visual cortex by sharpening orientation selectivity when the hand is visible and broadens it when the hand is occluded.
1148h agoAs humans learn a multi-scale environment, they shift from using local cues to global representations, and different brain areas, including the hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex, play distinct roles in encoding spatial information at different stages of learning.
1148h agoCalcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from sensory neurons induces IL-33 production by macrophages, which in turn promotes endometriotic lesion growth and pain.
1148h agoExpression of dysfunctional TDP-43 protein leads to deficits in the proteostasis network, and mice with this dysfunction have a worse response to traumatic brain injury.
1152h agoEstrogen therapy helps maintain brain health in menopausal women by supporting proteins crucial for synaptic function and metabolism, and by reducing decline in mitochondrial energy production.
1152h agoAdolescent intermittent ethanol exposure increases amyloid-beta levels in multiple brain regions of female rats, particularly in the dorsal hippocampus, and this effect lasts into old age.
1152h agoAdvanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging methods detect differences in white matter tracts of the visual system in patients with glaucoma, and these differences correlate with clinical ophthalmological parameters.
1152h agoAstrocyte p75NTR plays a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's Disease by regulating cholesterol metabolism, which helps to reduce Abeta burden and cognitive impairment.
1152h agoHigher concentrations and longer exposure to beta-amyloid cause more toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, which are commonly used to study Alzheimer's disease.
1152h agoSleep and circadian rhythms affect brain connectivity, which differs between brain states and is modulated by sleep history and circadian phase, and changes in brain connectivity predict alertness and working memory accuracy.
1152h agoCRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in sensory neurons reduces pain behaviors in mice by efficiently disrupting target genes, enabling a new approach to study pain mechanisms and validate therapeutic targets.
1152h agoMulti-contact cuff electrodes can selectively activate motor fibers of the pudendal nerve to control urinary incontinence by recruiting specific muscles.
1152h agoGhrelin levels and homeostatic states have little effect on human risky decision-making.
1152h agoImplicit recalibration is directly shaped by explicit aiming strategies, and they interact in a sub-additive way after accounting for spatial and temporal dynamics.
1152h agoFunctional connectivity-based models robustly discriminate between well-defined brain states across different acquisition sites with high classification accuracy.
1156h agoLoss of TDP-43 causes widespread dysregulation of mRNA splicing, mRNA 3′ end cleavage, and polyadenylation, influencing mRNA metabolism and protein expression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
1160h agoTDP-43 loss of function induces novel mRNA polyadenylation events that increase RNA stability and lead to higher protein levels.
1160h agoTDP-43 controls alternative polyadenylation, impacting expression of disease-linked genes.
1160h agoAttention is crucial for short-term musical learning and prediction, but not required for musical prediction based on long-term exposure to music styles.
1160h agoIncreasing calcium concentration shifts neurotransmitter release at amphibian neuromuscular junctions from a Poisson to a tight binomial distribution, and a fast autoinhibitory response limits the maximum level of depolarisation, resulting in a low variance of release.
1160h agoThe brain encodes semantic distances between conceptual knowledge mainly through changes in oscillation frequency in the left language region, particularly the anterior temporal lobe, with higher conceptual similarity between words linked to accelerated brain rhythms.
1160h agoInhibitory interneurons in the primary visual thalamus use both local and global dendritic activation to perform spatially-organized motion processing that is feature-selective and size-dependent.
1160h agoOcular activity tracks acoustic speech features, not speech intelligibility, and this tracking may be a hard-wired mechanism that does not require visual experience to develop.
1160h agoMental manipulation involves inhibiting the sensory cortex and engaging memory and control networks in a coordinated way.
1160h agoShort association fibers emerge before sulcal folding in the fetal brain, initially forming flat pathways that later reorganize into U-shaped bundles as they mature in a sensorimotor-to-association gradient.
1160h agoLV-volume oscillations drive undulating cerebrospinal fluid flow in the brain, which is crucial for brain clearance, and are generated by cortical blood-volume changes caused by neuronal activity, heartbeat, and respiration.
1160h agoThe mossy fiber synapse uses its unique structural and functional properties, including multiple active zones and loose coupling of calcium channels, to filter out non-informative dentate activity and reliably generate spikes in postsynaptic CA3 neurons.
1160h agoImpairing astrocyte calcium signaling in the nucleus accumbens core increases reward motivation and valuation, leading to enhanced self-administration of sucrose and cocaine.
1160h agoLIS1 depletion from projection neurons causes motor deficits and rapid lethality with progressive axonal degeneration, while LIS1 depletion from astrocytes is not lethal.
1160h agoGrid cell activity can be decoded to provide spatial information using a novel framework that combines topology and path-lifting to reconstruct trajectories in physical space.
1168h agoThe study presents a model that explains how the brain switches between two competing visual images, showing that the transition between awareness and suppression follows a hysteretic pattern.
1168h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
1168h agoSpurious overlaps in Hopfield-type associative memory models reduce the mean synaptic inputs to neurons, which increases storage capacity through sparse network activity.
1168h agoTransformer models can learn Granger causality in complex networks, capturing causal relationships among neurons with accuracy equal to or better than traditional methods.
1168h agoA WaveNet-based deep learning model accurately classifies EEG signals into physiological, pathological, artifact, and noise categories with high precision, outperforming previous approaches.
1168h agoA small number of correlations between brain regions explain most of the variance in neural activity, allowing for a highly compressible prediction of large-scale brain activity.
1168h agoThe brain's structural network is organized into modules of mixed cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions, with highly connected hub areas in the subcortex centralizing communication pathways.
1168h agoNormative modelling estimates population-level benchmarks in brain structure to quantify individual deviations from expected distributions.
1168h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training data.
1168h agoThe study finds that multi-soliton dynamics in electromagnetically induced transparency systems exhibit nonlinear phenomena such as temporal asymmetry, energy trapping, and soliton interactions, which have implications for quantum memory, slow light, and photonic data transport.
1168h agoChaotic models can be made to have unlimited predictability horizon, producing error-free time series, by using analytic computations.
1168h agoThe magnetic field lines in a stellarator behave differently depending on the toroidal flux, with field lines in certain regions striking the wall after a varying number of transits or escaping quickly.
1168h agoA quasi-integrable deformation of the three-particle open Toda chain retains energy and momentum conservation and admits a quasi-conserved higher-order integral under certain symmetries.
1168h agoA state-selection principle is at work in a far-from-equilibrium system, where the system spontaneously selects a long-range ordered array that maximizes its collective light absorption.
1168h agoThe study of predictability of complex systems aims to determine the limits of prediction accuracy and has evolved over the past few decades to integrate data-driven and mechanistic perspectives.
1168h agoTwo pinning control approaches, additive and parametric, are equivalent for controlling synchronization in weakly coupled nonlinear systems with periodic oscillations.
1168h agoSocial interaction amplifies the accuracy of group decisions, with both majority and plurality rules exceeding the accuracy of any single voter under certain conditions.
1168h agoCognitive strategies can reduce a species' abundance due to cyclic dominance, but an optimal decision threshold of attacking when target individuals exceed 15% locally helps balance risk and long-term persistence.
1168h agoParticles with certain mass ratios evolve in a hydrodynamic way, with the rightmost particle moving as $t^{\delta}$, recoiled particles entering the negative half-axis, and the splatter eventually taking over the whole energy of the system.
1168h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
1168h agoHigher-order transverse discontinuity mapping overcomes pitfalls of locally linearizing hybrid nonlinear dynamical systems, allowing for better estimation of impact occurrence times and state transitions.
1168h agoA new methodology uses entropy and clustering to identify systems likely to experience chaotic itinerancy and finds quasi-stable states and chaotic transition states in these systems.
1168h agoA new framework called Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging (SIOI) helps improve image inpainting by extracting and encoding object-level representations, leading to better results and robustness in challenging conditions.
1168h agoThe complexified Kuramoto model exhibits finite-time blow-up behavior and various types of synchronization, including full phase locking, under certain conditions of coupling strength and number of oscillators.
1168h agoSocial media's impact on society is unclear because observational studies and randomized controlled trials produce conflicting results, but a combination of both approaches can provide a clearer understanding of its effects.
1168h agoDark photons can be efficiently produced in the early universe through their coupling to an oscillating axion field when the axion potential is shallower than quadratic at large field values.
1168h agoSpin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling undergo phase transitions in their ground state when exposed to gradient magnetic fields, transforming excited states into ground states under certain conditions.
1168h agoThe Mean Information Gain (MIG) metric quantifies emergence in complex systems by measuring the lack of information about other elements, and it differentiates behavioral classes in agent-based models.
1168h agoThe brain's neural network, modeled as a dynamical system, inherently operates out of equilibrium, producing entropy that changes over time due to its stochastic processes.
1168h agoA Lagrangian dynamical model captures human mobility dynamics using local population functions, showing inertia and dissipation are equally important in movement.
1168h agoTemporal noise that is constant within a Floquet period leads to decoherence-free momentum subspaces in the bulk of periodically driven, discrete-step quantum walks, but destroys coherence when fully random or at topological edge states.
1168h agoSpiked cross-covariance models show a phase transition in signal recovery, where the leading singular values of the sample cross-covariance matrix suddenly emerge, revealing limits on the performance of Partial Least Squares (PLS) compared to the Bayes-optimal estimator.
1168h agoThe spectral properties of sparse asymmetric correlation matrices evolve as the asymmetry parameter changes from nearly symmetric to nearly antisymmetric.
1168h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field, and has a lower critical dimension at zero magnetic field consistent with previous estimates.
1168h agoA family of neural networks with built-in symmetry outperforms existing methods for solving quantum spin liquid problems and allows exploration of complex Hamiltonians.
1168h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training data.
1168h agoCombining photons, phase-shifters, and an interferometer creates a system described by a Hopfield-like Hamiltonian, which models associative memory and shows a transition from memory retrieval to memory black-out as stored memory increases.
1168h agoThe new type of one-dimensional Kitaev chain with staggered p-wave superconducting pairing exhibits three physical regimes, including a topologically nontrivial phase with two Majorana zero modes and a regime with four unprotected nonzero-energy edge modes.
1168h agoThe mixed state projected ensemble (MSPE) reveals a new kind of universality in quantum equilibration called deep thermalization, where mixed states in a local region tend towards limiting distributions depending on the system's symmetries and measurements in the complementary region.
1168h agoWavefront shaping enhances optical sensitivity in diffuse optical imaging by creating interference patterns that boost light-matter interactions, allowing for deeper tissue penetration.
1168h agoSensory noise during visual processing limits working memory capacity, and higher levels of sensory noise predict lower working memory capacity in both healthy adults and those with schizophrenia.
1168h agoDance Movement Therapy improves the quality of life, satisfaction with life, and personal well-being of healthy adults aged over 65, especially in terms of overall quality of life and social relationships.
1168h agoA novel computational framework creates accurate models of retinal ganglion cell mosaics, enabling the computation of how visual performance is shaped by the representation of visual information provided by these cells.
1168h agoThe outer retina uses a combination of photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells to enable contrast-invariant coding of visual information, with photoreceptors and bipolar cells sufficient for this task.
1168h agoDystrophin has distinct spatial expression patterns in different brain regions and cell types, and a gene therapy approach using U7ex51 can effectively restore full-length dystrophin isoforms in the brain.
1168h agoAlzheimer's disease starts with changes in astrocyte function, specifically in the parts of astrocytes near synapses, affecting protein production and leading to inflammation and stress.
1168h agoNeural entrainment to speech is stronger for sharper phonemes, and generic oscillatory dynamics in cortical populations can generate this effect.
1168h agoA biologically inspired deep neural network model called the Visual Cortex Amygdala (VCA) model accurately predicts human emotion ratings and aligns with human amygdala activity in response to complex visual scenes.
1168h agoDisruptions in brain criticality, excitation-inhibition balance, and complexity of brain dynamics are associated with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and these changes can be used to accurately classify MDD patients.
1172h agoAstrocytes in the ventral striatum help regulate decision-making by influencing the balance of brain signals and sharing error information across brain cells.
1172h agoThe Hebbian learning rule enables brain networks to select connections with delays that match the period of their oscillations, optimizing signal transmission.
1172h agoThe brain represents the direction of observed actions across multiple regions, from early sensory areas to higher-order parietal and frontal cortices, even when accounting for basic features of the actions.
1172h agoObjects from the same scene context are coded more similarly in the brain than objects from different contexts, even when they are viewed in isolation.
1172h agoParenthood changes the male brain to improve processing of infant sounds, with increased prolactin signaling playing a key role in this change.
1172h agoLesions in frontal and motor cortical regions predict spontaneous seizure occurrence in focal cortical dysplasia type II, and this condition causes considerable expansion and reduced neuronal density in the affected brain tissue.
1172h agoSchizophrenia alters delta oscillations because of changed expression of calcium channel genes in pyramidal neurons.
1172h agoAbnormal activity in the left hemisphere of the brain, particularly in the frontoparietal and default mode networks, is associated with neglect severity and spatial attentional bias in patients with chronic left spatial neglect.
1172h agoImagining actions involves separate skills that are hard to measure, and having a strong ability in one area does not necessarily mean having a strong ability in the others.
1172h agoThe hippocampus has distinct clusters with different connections to other parts of the brain, which provides new insights into how it interacts with the rest of the brain.
1176h agoA layered control architecture in the lateral accessory lobes arbitrates between goal pursuit and stimulus-driven overrides, using a dorsal pathway to amplify movement towards a goal and a faster ventral pathway to redirect movement in response to threats.
1176h agoA machine learning approach using multi-modal MRI identifies presymptomatic carriers of genetic frontotemporal dementia at high risk of disease onset within the next two years.
1176h agoReduced myelin gene expression in the prefrontal cortex alters initial sensitivity to alcohol and decreases alcohol consumption.
1176h agoSerotonergic psychedelics, such as LSD and psilocybin, cause changes in brain activity by reducing leak membrane potassium conductance, leading to increased firing rates and altered spectral power.
1176h agoNeurons form more elaborate networks on striped surfaces made of a specific polymer, and they tend to grow and stay within this polymer region, avoiding another type of polymer.
1176h agoHuman cortical function shows robust relationships between intersubject synchronization and sensory-transmodal gradients, especially in visual, attention, and default mode networks, during naturalistic movie watching.
1176h agoComplex pre-movement interactions across brain areas coordinate distributed networks to produce precise and consistent actions by coupling and decoupling neural populations.
1176h agoCorticosterone drives a microglia-neuron interaction in females during ketamine anesthesia recovery, leading to neuronal changes through upregulation of Fkbp5/FKBP51.
1176h agoEmbryonic exposure to chlorpyrifos pesticide induces lasting social deficits in zebrafish by suppressing neuronal genes and disrupting the gut microbiome, and butyrate, a gut microbiome metabolite, can rescue these deficits by inhibiting histone deacetylase 1.
1176h agoDecreasing brain entropy within the action-mode network serves as a key developmental marker in children, signifying a shift from externally driven processing to more internalized thought processes.
1176h agoContactin-associated protein (CASPR) acts as a signal for the removal of damaged axon debris in peripheral nerve injury by promoting its uptake by Schwann cells and macrophages.
1176h agoPractice-based motor skill learning can be understood as a form of policy-gradient reinforcement learning, which captures key properties of human skill learning across a range of tasks.
1180h agoThe CGRP receptor plays a role in Alzheimer's disease by regulating neuroinflammation through a specific axis involving CALCRL, HDAC11, LXRβ, and ABCA1.
1180h agoThe Multiarrangement toolkit collects human similarity judgments for video stimuli by having participants arrange subsets of stimuli in a 2D arena to reflect perceived dissimilarity.
1180h agoLeptin-sensitive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus encode anxiogenic stimuli and help animals overcome anxiety in threatening situations.
1184h agoOxytocin enhances heart rate variability linked to breathing during recovery from stress through a hypothalamus–brainstem pathway for parasympathetic control of the heart.
1184h agoDNMT1 regulates dendritic and axonal branching in developing cortical excitatory neurons by operating as a cytosolic scaffold that interacts with DOCK7 to modulate signaling, microtubule dynamics, and organelle trafficking.
1188h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides an overview of recent achievements in brain emulation, identifying key opportunities and challenges in the field.
1192h agoThe Generative Episodic-Semantic Integration System (GENESIS) model explains how semantic and episodic memory interact to support learning, recall, and imagination through the interplay of two limited-capacity generative systems.
1192h agoSpikeFit, a novel training method for Spiking Neural Networks, enables efficient inference on neuromorphic hardware by co-optimizing model weights and allowed discrete weight values, resulting in higher network compression efficiency and lower energy use.
1192h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
1192h agoFunctional differentiation in the brain emerges as distinct regions specialize, and a novel approach using recurrent neural networks shows that minimizing mutual information between neural subgroups yields high task performance alongside clear functional modularity.
1192h agoNeural oscillations in different brain regions show coordinated activity during a memory task, and a new statistical method can identify the dominant patterns of interaction between these regions.
1192h agoMachine learning methods, such as deep learning and data-driven equation discovery, are being integrated with nonlinear wave studies to enable mathematical discoveries and computational capabilities.
1192h agoAgents produce goods in a synchronized way when they cooperate in producing one type of good, and the production of another good helps stabilize this synchronized dynamics.
1192h agoCoupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with nonlinear functions exhibit synchronization that depends on the study of a non-autonomous linear system, requiring novel tools to analyze synchronization on both undirected and directed networks.
1192h agoStatistical physics provides a framework for analyzing complex dynamics on socio-technological systems, where individuals and machines compete for attention, leading to misinformation cascades, echo-chamber reinforcement, and opinion polarization.
1192h agoThree versions of a global piecewise Carleman embedding technique are proposed to linearize nonlinear differential equations, allowing for convergence in regions with multiple fixed points.
1192h agoTurbulent motions near walls are self-sustaining at all scales, with inner and outer motions being independent of each other and influencing each other through top-down and bottom-up interactions, with pressure playing a key bridging role.
1192h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
1192h agoA Hawking time crystal forms through the self-amplification of spontaneous Hawking radiation, characterized by a periodic correlation function and the emission of pairs of dispersive waves and solitons.
1192h agoFunctional differentiation in the brain emerges as distinct regions specialize, and a novel approach using recurrent neural networks shows that minimizing mutual information between neural subgroups yields high task performance alongside clear functional modularity.
1192h agoThe long-time dynamics of a single lattice site observable can determine if a many-body quantum system exhibits quantum chaos.
1192h agoVariational methods with neural network quantum states accurately represent complex wavefunctions and estimate critical exponents by adiabatically continuing eigenstates into the strongly correlated regime.
1192h agoLead-free ceramics with varying levels of Li and Ta substitution exhibit a phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal as Ta concentration increases, affecting their microstructure, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties.
1192h agoA neural network model detects phase transitions and classifies hidden patterns in a 1D replication process by extracting hierarchical structures from raw data.
1192h agoFriction controls the compaction dynamics of granular materials subjected to cyclic shear by both stabilizing and fluidizing them, with a friction-dependent crossover strain separating aging and fluidized regimes.
1192h agoThe universal behaviors of critical phenomena in quantum Hall transitions are not consistent across experiments, theoretical models, and numerical methods. (or rephrased to) The thickness of quasi-2D Weyl semimetal systems affects the universality of quantum Hall transitions, causing a deviation from 2D behavior and a crossover to 3D behavior. I changed it to put the key idea at the front, and used simple words and active voice. Let me know if you want any further changes!
1192h agoThe Rosenzweig-Porter model's phase diagram and localization properties remain robust when its random matrix is changed from Gaussian to Wishart type.
1192h agoA quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with a fast algorithm that reaches close to the ground state quickly.
1192h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
1192h agoThe effective central charge and boundary entropy decrease under renormalization group flow for measurement-dominated criticality in two-dimensional classical and one-dimensional quantum systems.
1192h agoGrid cells in the brain contain a periodic spatial code that can be decoded using topology to extract information about an animal's location and reconstruct its path in physical space.
1192h agoBiological systems, such as the brain's early sensory systems, use collective computations among many individual actors to efficiently perform complex tasks, like predicting future sensory information.
1192h agoA novel restraint system allows for high-quality brain imaging in awake rats without anesthesia, reducing stress and improving animal comfort.
1192h agoThe mouse visual system uses a hierarchical organization of brain circuits to process visual information, with different areas and cell types playing specific roles in detecting image changes.
1192h agoFIB-SEM reconstructions typically show more synapses than microtome sliced reconstructions, with an increase of over 40% in the number of human-visible synapses.
1208h agoMicroglia quickly clear dying rod photoreceptors and reduce oxidative stress in the retina, and their absence leads to increased oxidative stress and cell death in other retinal cells.
1208h agoThe transcriptome of a brain cell encodes its identity and responses to environmental stimuli, with cell types largely staying stable despite changes in activity states, and activity and circadian rhythm driving distinct transcriptional responses.
1208h agoMouse Off Transient alpha cells respond best to simple, uniform inputs and are suppressed by complex spatial patterns due to specific circuit mechanisms involving localized inhibition and short-term plasticity.
1208h agoThe insula helps people understand emotions across individuals by disentangling codes for emotion and person, allowing for cross-person generalization of emotion.
1208h agoMotor representations and population dynamics vary across frontal motor cortices, with task information heterogeneously distributed across the cortical surface and in depth, and neural populations with similar dynamics composed of neurons with high task information.
1208h agoA 3D assembloid model called Masteroid recapitulates Alzheimer's disease progression, exhibiting hallmark pathologies such as amyloid-beta deposits, tau aggregation, and neurodegeneration, and reveals novel roles of IGFBP pathways in disease mechanisms.
1208h agoPreserved GABAergic function supports cognitive resilience in aging degus, with those having good burrowing performance showing robust hippocampal activity and those with poor performance exhibiting reduced activity.
1208h agoMotor memory replay occurs during both slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, and involves the modulation of neural activity in the primary motor cortex and hippocampus.
1208h agoA specific population of neurons in the central amygdala helps control suckling behavior in newborn mice by connecting with brain areas that manage oral movements and reward.
1212h agoGC maturation depends on the repressive function of the Sin3A/Hdac1 complex, which silences Sox2 and Atoh1 to ensure orderly progression through developmental stages.
1236h agoAstrocyte development follows a two-phase program, with the first phase involving convergent differentiation mediated by the CEH-43 transcription factor, and the second phase, astrocyte maturation, also controlled by CEH-43.
1236h agoIntermittent hypoxia disrupts cerebellar angiogenesis, causing changes in vascular networks and gene expression, which can contribute to long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in preterm infants.
1236h agoDLK signaling activation after spinal cord injury promotes neuronal death and worsens recovery in male mice, but not females, highlighting a need for sex-specific understanding of molecular mechanisms.
1236h agoElevated cortical iron levels are found in specific areas of the brain in individuals with schizophrenia, particularly in the left temporo-parieto-occipital junction.
1236h agoDisengagement from listening due to external and internal distractions decreases neural speech tracking, and this decrease occurs when speech is masked by background noise.
1236h agoStress-related biochemical systems contribute to the incubation of drug-seeking behavior, with adaptations in noradrenergic systems representing a common substrate across different substances.
1236h agoA new framework for homeostatic reinforcement learning shows that trial-by-trial adjustments and extinction learning enable anticipatory regulation of physiological variables, and reveals how uneven regulatory priorities can lead to system-wide failure to return to a normal state.
1236h agoPopulation activity in a specific area of the brain, called the superior precentral sulcus, encodes and retains information about memorized items, and this activity predicts errors in memory.
1236h agoActions are organized like sentences because they share the same brain resources, specifically in the basal ganglia, which enables the use of tools and language in a similar hierarchical structure.
1236h agoIndividuals born very preterm have reduced surface area and cortical folding in certain brain regions, which persists across development and is linked to poorer motor outcomes.
1236h agoGaze dynamics cause errors in self-motion perception, with heading estimates shifting towards the direction of eye motion and growing with horizontal gaze eccentricity and speed.
1236h agoEarly neuronal activity inhibits oligodendrocyte differentiation, and reduced neuronal activity increases differentiation by relieving this inhibition.
1236h agoDifferent parts of the brain respond to rewards and penalties, with some areas reacting more to potential rewards and others to potential penalties, influencing how people make decisions and take action.
1236h agoThe brain uses different processes to translate a spatial map into action, involving the retrosplenial complex and temporo-parietal junction, and is affected by perspective shift, rotation angle, and their congruency.
1236h agoMicroglia regulate memory accessibility in infancy and their dysfunction contributes to the lack of infantile amnesia, with their activity during a specific postnatal window modulating infant memory persistence.
1236h agoThe brain uses its knowledge of motion to form anticipatory representations of moving objects, leading to reduced neural activity strength and systematic shifts in the neural representation of orientation.
1240h agoLower layer 5b extratelencephalic neurons (L-ETN) in the motor cortex encode activity in both movement-null and movement-potent subspaces, and do not preferentially contribute to movement-potent subspace.
1240h agoEmotions are organized into categories in the brain, with 15 different emotional states, including positive, negative, and neutral ones, represented in a similar way in both subjective experience and brain activity.
1240h agoPolyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for normal sensitivity to painful heat.
1240h agoIndividual differences in melanopsin-dependent light sensitivity relate to chronotype in adults in a sex and age-specific way, but not in children.
1244h agoExperience-driven shifts in paw preference in mice arise from asymmetric cholinergic modulation between the two hemispheres, enabling motor flexibility.
1244h agoA gene therapy strategy combining a virus with an artificial microRNA can suppress a faulty gene, delay disease onset, and improve survival in mice with a genetic form of ALS.
1244h agoCalcium imaging data can be accurately analyzed using models that account for its unique characteristics, leading to improved inference of neural population activity.
1244h agoObject recognition relies on feedforward processing in the ventral visual stream, but when this is insufficient, additional brain networks are rapidly recruited to help solve the task.
1244h agoNeuronal assemblies defined by coordinated firing at high temporal resolution exhibit regular temporal dynamics and are sufficient for accurately representing complex auditory stimuli.
1244h agoDifferent cognitive states reorganize large-scale functional networks based on their geometric and hierarchical organization in the brain.
1244h agoExcitatory microstructural changes, specifically reduced spine density and weakened neck compartmentalization, can elevate neuronal excitability and contribute to the development of epilepsy.
1244h agoIntracortical microstructure profiling provides a robust approach for investigating the laminar organisation of the human cortex, effectively capturing laminar differentiation and mitigating bias-field related limitations of non-quantitative MRI.
1244h agoHyperthyroidism is associated with increased structural brain connectivity, disrupted network organization, and altered neurotransmitter systems, which may underlie perceptuomotor dysfunction.
1244h agoMild traumatic brain injury leads to depression-like behavior in female adolescent rats, but not males, and changes in certain brain chemicals may contribute to this behavior.
1244h agoThe descending neurons responsible for processing optic flow are sexually dimorphic in hoverflies, with different neural responses to visual stimuli in males and females.
1244h agoGrey matter volumes in the insula and supramarginal gyrus are associated with cognitive empathy abilities in older adults, with insula volumes linked to behavioural empathy tasks and supramarginal gyrus volumes linked to informant-reported empathy measures.
1244h agoAdolescents with Specific Learning Disorders have deficits in auditory processing, decision-making, and metacognitive self-monitoring, which affect their learning.
1244h agoChanges in ion currents during development allow primary motoneurons to alter their firing properties and participation in locomotor activity as motor control matures in developing zebrafish.
1244h agoEarly life adversity can improve certain cognitive skills, such as implicit learning, and individuals with more childhood adversity learn quicker, but current socio-economic status affects overall performance.
1244h agoAn increase in corticospinal neuron number supports more dexterous movement, with mice having more of these neurons showing greater grasping flexibility and climbing ability.
1248h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex helps resolve the cocktail party problem by encoding and separating meaningful voices from background noise during social interactions.
1252h agoA new human cell-based platform allows real-time monitoring of nerve repair and muscle function, and finds that a compound called blebbistatin can enhance nerve-muscle connection reinnervation after injury.
1252h agoPathogenic variants in SCN1A involving the same codon can produce different functional effects, including gain and loss of function properties, which affects the severity of epilepsy syndromes.
1260h agoThe brain uses regionally specific communication mechanisms that depend on complex neural oscillations to facilitate information flow between its multiple functional units.
1260h agoSleep helps consolidate motor memories by increasing beta Event Related Synchronization (ERS) over bilateral parietal areas.
1260h agoIntegrating molecular-enriched functional connectivity into brain-age prediction models improves accuracy and provides more biological insight, explaining up to 64% of age variance.
1260h agoWorking memory deploys two distinct top-down signals that operate over different timescales to shape perceptual experience, one causing a fast, brief attentional capture and the other a slower, sustained perceptual bias.
1260h agoThe study finds that long-term potentiation involves changes in synaptic structure that require activation of specific receptors, and that neighbouring inactive synapses can also undergo structural changes based on the activity of nearby active synapses.
1260h agoA compact index, DS-Qi, effectively distinguishes between pediatric epileptic encephalopathies and normal EEG readings with a high accuracy of 0.90.
1264h agoNeurocognitive-Inspired Intelligence (NII) combines insights from neuroscience, cognitive science, computer vision, and AI to develop intelligent systems that can learn quickly, adapt to changing conditions, and generalize like human cognition.
1264h agoCombining deep learning and traditional machine learning methods improves the accuracy of MRI-based diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.
1264h agoMultimodal Large Language Models need to incorporate internal and external embodiment to better interact with the world and advance from current limitations.
1264h agoMicrowell microfluidics design gets automated with a new framework driven by a large language model, enabling rapid creation of diverse microwells and accurate analysis of their occupancy and shape.
1264h agoMeasurement processes of quantum systems can be reformulated as probabilistic equations expressed in terms of probabilistic state vectors that can be approximated by the neural network dynamics of the Tensor Brain model.
1264h agoInformation geometry methods can extract genuine higher-order dependencies from continuous neural recordings when paired with appropriate binarization schemes.
1264h agoThe 4E views of cognition reject the traditional sandwich model of cognition and suggest that sensorimotor contingencies offer a theoretical alternative.
1264h agoA single population of spiking neurons can jointly encode a prediction object, which includes what will happen, when it will happen, and with what probability, through a biologically grounded learning mechanism.
1264h agoInteractions between parallel brain subnetworks enable learning of semantic representations of stimuli through cross-supervision, allowing for accurate decoding comparable to supervised networks.
1264h agoThe relationship between brain activation and task performance changes from U-shaped to inverted U-shaped as brain areas shift from sensorimotor to association areas.
1264h agoThe brain operates in a nonequilibrium state, with evidence of time-irreversibility and broken detailed balance, which is linked to cognitive complexity and consciousness.
1264h agoQuantum cognition research reveals parallels between human thought patterns and quantum mechanics, and shows that human decision-making exhibits interference patterns similar to those in single, double, and triple-slit experiments, but with distinct differences in how concepts manifest in different contexts.
1264h agoTwo single-channel EEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, reflect physiological and emotional responses to stress, with ST4 tracking arousal and cognitive strain and T2 tracking emotional and autonomic regulation.
1264h agoThe neural population activity preserves the essential mathematical structures of the tasks it supports, with grid cells constrained to a toroidal topology by independent tasks, resulting in hexagonal firing fields.
1264h agoMAPS, a new computational tool, identifies which explanations of artificial neural networks best match human vision by comparing human and model accuracies on minimal images.
1264h agoBilinear forms and Casoratian solutions are derived for fourth-order lattice Gel'fand-Dikii type equations, allowing for the extension of these equations with a parameter.
1264h agoThe asymmetric integrable turbulence in the DNLS equation exhibits oscillatory convergence towards steady-state energy values, with oscillations decaying over time and a wave-action spectrum following a power-law distribution.
1264h agoThe Kuramoto model can be exactly derived from limit-cycle oscillators with artificially designed optimal interaction functions, allowing for accurate prediction of collective synchronization dynamics.
1264h agoA fundamental bound on the thermodynamic cost of stochastic oscillators in the weak-noise regime is derived from Gaussian phase fluctuations and the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.
1264h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in free-standing slender structures lead to large-scale unidirectional dynamics through persistent cycles of shape change, enabling functionalities like crawling, digging, and walking.
1264h agoLazy cellular automata have a simple dynamical behavior that depends on a unique active transition and a fixed symbol, and their order is bounded by a general formula that is attained when the active transition is a quasi-constant pattern.
1264h agoTwo approaches compute upper bounds on Lyapunov exponents, their sums, and Lyapunov dimension for dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations.
1264h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
1264h agoBreathers in a physical system called breather gas combine into a single-breather or multi-breather solution through a phenomenon called breather shielding.
1264h agoUsing multiple reservoirs in parallel with reduced input data leads to better predictions of time series generated by spatio-temporal chaotic systems and reduces computational costs.
1264h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have universal statistical properties, including a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution function.
1264h agoA random configuration of soliton solutions to the cubic focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger equation behaves like a soliton gas solution as the number of solitons increases.
1264h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes uses a parallelized message-passing framework to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
1264h agoFault-tolerant error correction in topological codes works by simulating confining interactions between excitations using a network of local classical processors.
1264h agoThe interplay between topology and nonequilibrium dynamics in open quantum systems leads to a residual topological character in the quasi-steady state, which exhibits a finite DC current when inversion symmetry is broken.
1264h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field.
1264h agoScientists study how disorder in a sub-space affects a conformal field theory, and find that it leads to logarithmic behavior in certain defect operators.
1264h agoEnergy-space localization in q-local Hamiltonians survives under generic time-dependent perturbations, allowing the evolving state to remain exponentially localized in an energy window of the instantaneous spectrum.
1264h agoThe Tracy-Widom distribution takes a large deviation form with a rate function that solves a Painlev\'{e} II equation, describing rare events of large fluctuations in the largest eigenvalue of a Gaussian ensemble of large random matrices.
1264h agoModerate disorder enhances conductance in flat-band systems like twisted bilayer graphene, but stronger disorder restores localization.
1264h agoUnsupervised learning algorithms accurately group ground-state configurations of many-body systems into phases based on their similarity, reproducing known phase diagrams of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chains.
1264h agoA minimal interface-scattering mechanism produces a sizable anisotropic magnetoresistance in metal/ferromagnet bilayers by creating a spin-selective phase condition that suppresses backscattering for one spin projection while enhancing momentum relaxation for the other.
1264h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
1264h agoExcitons in two-dimensional materials have a tunable resonant mixing of states, which can be controlled by subband splitting and enables optical detection of spin coupling.
1264h agoThe brain operates in a nonequilibrium state, with evidence of time-irreversibility and broken detailed balance, which is linked to cognitive complexity and consciousness.
1264h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have universal statistical properties, including a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution function.
1264h agoA framework for characterizing higher-order topological phases uses the one-particle density matrix to directly identify bulk and boundary topology without needing an underlying Hamiltonian.
1264h agoThe two-star random graph model has a set of auxiliary variables that control its thermodynamic limit as the number of vertices tends to infinity.
1264h agoAPOE4 expression leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets in oligodendrocytes, causing decreased myelination, by decreasing Wnt signaling and increasing GSK3b activity.
1268h agoChanges in neurotransmitter usage drive evolutionary adaptations in neural circuits, and monoamine functions differ in controlling host-finding and dispersal behavior in the predatory nematode Pristionchus pacificus.
1268h agoAutistic traits in people without autism affect how their brains process social information, with areas in the temporal cortex, particularly the superior temporal gyrus, playing a key role in modulating responses to social features.
1268h agoChanges in presynaptic release probability at synapses determine the need for sleep, and this probability decreases with sleep loss and recovers after sleep.
1268h agoAmyloid-beta 42 oligomers trigger a signalling cascade that upregulates TREK1, which serves as a critical brake on neuronal hyperexcitability and helps restore synaptic balance in Alzheimer's Disease.
1268h agoPredictive expectations sharpen neural representations of visual stimuli only when the stimuli are attended and the associated auditory inputs are expected, and the effect is stronger when people have explicit knowledge of the associations.
1272h agoThe Spiking Tolman-Eichenbaum Machine model learns grid-like codes and place codes through spike-based computation and biologically realistic dynamics, reproducing key spatial and temporal coding phenomena in the hippocampal-entorhinal circuit.
1272h agoFluorescence intensity in immunohistochemistry staining can decrease over time, and this decrease is influenced by the selection of primary and secondary antibodies and staining methods.
1272h agoSustained alpha-band activity reflects attentional prioritization of information in working memory, rather than general memory maintenance, and unattended items transition into an activity-silent state.
1272h agoSocial interactions between mice involve coordinated activity across different brain regions, with dominant mice showing synchrony between non-homologous brain areas, and this coordination is disrupted in a model of autism.
1272h agoA specific pathway from the parabrachial complex to the extended amygdala helps the body rapidly respond to falling blood pressure, and is later followed by slower endocrine support.
1272h agoHomologous actions performed with one hand interfere with similar actions performed with the opposite hand at short intervals, but facilitate them at longer intervals.
1272h agoThe flexible deployment of cognitive control depends on rapid detection and resolution of control-prediction errors, which is associated with phase-amplitude coupling in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex.
1272h agoIncreased use of a brain area for attention-demanding tasks results in a unique pattern of whole-brain connections, whereas less used areas have more similar connections across individuals.
1272h agoMutations in the PHOX2B gene lead to changes in the transcriptional profile of neuroepithelial stem cells, affecting neuronal development and synapse organization.
1272h agoMutations in the ELOVL4 gene cause progressive cerebellar atrophy and ataxia in spinocerebellar ataxia type 34 (SCA34) by inducing microglial activation, synaptic disturbance, and degeneration of cerebellar neurons.
1272h agoThe human brain proteome is organized into distinct territories that reflect metabolic demands and functional specialization patterns, not just anatomical boundaries.
1276h agoThe cardiac cycle modulates spinal excitability, with spinal excitability peaking during late diastole and being influenced by preceding cardiac intervals.
1276h agoDeep brain stimulation inhibits local neural activity by differentially suppressing glutamate and GABA release.
1280h agoPreserved connections between the pulvinar and both the posterior superior temporal sulcus and the amygdala are necessary for affective blindsight, a condition where people can discriminate emotional stimuli without conscious awareness despite damage to the primary visual cortex.
1280h agoThe brain uses attention to distinguish between changes in object color and changes in lighting, and this process happens slowly and one item at a time.
1280h agoThe study provides resting-state functional connectivity data for 784 participants with various neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, to help detect and characterise dementia.
1280h agoThe Large Perturbation Model predicts gene expression responses to chemical and genetic changes using a deep learning framework.
1284h agoECloudGen uses latent diffusion to generate electron clouds from protein pockets and decode them into molecules, expanding the chemical space accessible to generative drug design.
1284h agoA large perturbation model integrates diverse laboratory experiments to predict biological responses to chemical or genetic changes and support biological discovery tasks.
1284h agoElevating REST in cerebellar granule cell progenitors disrupts normal brain development by altering a gene's transcript diversity, leading to increased cell migration and sustained signaling through the Cxcr4 pathway.
1284h agoAlzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment show notable decreases in hippocampal thickness and gyrification, and increases in mean diffusivity, with distinct diffusion orientation shifts throughout the hippocampus.
1284h agoThe immunohistochemical reactivity of antibodies against amyloid-beta peptides differs greatly depending on the antibody used, with some antibodies staining mainly amyloid plaques and others staining more broadly.
1284h agoA mathematical model shows that neurons can produce spikes at specific phases of the theta rhythm even when the baseline membrane potential fluctuates, by using a degenerate grazing bifurcation of an asymptotically stable oscillation.
1288h agoThe Jacobian-based Nonlinearity Evaluation (JNE) metric measures the nonlinearity of brain responses to neural encoding models, revealing a hierarchical progression of nonlinear characteristics in visual cortices and stimulus-selective nonlinear response patterns in brain regions.
1288h agoArtificial Recurrent Neural Networks can be simplified into low-dimensional models that reveal their fundamental dynamics, allowing for a precise understanding of neural computations underlying behavior.
1288h agoTransforming fMRI data into videos of 2D activity maps and training Vision Transformers on them results in models that learn rich representations supporting fine-grained state decoding across subjects and subject-specific trait decoding.
1288h agoPerceptual estimates shift toward prior expectations under high stimulus noise, but away from them when sensory noise dominates, a phenomenon that can be explained by a Generative Adversarial Inference network that learns from sensory inputs.
1288h agoHippocampal sequences arise from intrinsic recurrent circuitry that acts as a temporal memory buffer for extremely sparse inputs, and this mechanism helps an agent navigate through a continuous maze using sparse egocentric visual inputs.
1288h agoReinforcement learning agents take greater risks and lack self-preservation instincts compared to biological mice in a predator-avoidance maze environment.
1288h agoAdaptation mechanisms, including spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, modulate traveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain during slow-wave sleep.
1288h agoA regulator must embody a model of the system it regulates to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the system's output.
1288h agoReservoir computing accurately predicts critical transitions in time series by mimicking the internal dynamics of the actual system.
1288h agoHigher-order interactions among multiple elements can enhance the stability of synchronized states in complex systems.
1288h agoThe study uses a data-driven approach to reconstruct the dynamics of solitary-wave interactions in the nonlinear Schrödinger model, both with and without a parabolic trapping potential.
1288h agoThe Darboux transformation of the nonlocal coupled modified complex integrable dispersionless equation yields soliton-type solutions, including periodic waves, breather-like waves, and rational solutions, with novel properties distinct from the local equation.
1288h agoZip shift maps are S-expansive and have the shadowing property, and any S-expansive local homeomorphism is a factor of a zip shift map.
1288h agoOptical phonons with non-linearities can dynamically break crystalline inversion symmetry, leading to a steady state with broken symmetry, strong second harmonic generation, and a rectified driving signal.
1288h agoQuantum droplets form in a two-component quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensate with unique properties, such as flat-topped density profiles and anisotropic elliptical morphologies, due to higher-order interactions and quantum fluctuations.
1288h agoBidirectional nonlinear optical tomography (BNOT) allows for accurate evaluation of nonlinear photonic integrated circuits by estimating individual interface efficiencies and removing systematic bias in on-chip performance measurements.
1288h agoA method using Lyapunov-like functions provides a global lower bound for the shortest possible period of periodic solutions to autonomous ordinary differential equations.
1288h agoThe formation of breathers in multi-dimensional lattices with long-range interactions depends on parameters such as dimension, nonlinearity, and a nonlocal parameter, with a sharp division between a mass-subcritical regime with no positive excitation threshold and a critically or more positive threshold.
1288h agoThe nonlinear system resulting from the linear vector Schrödinger equation with quadratic constraints is closely related to the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy, which leads to N-soliton solutions for the model.
1288h agoAdaptation mechanisms, including spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, modulate traveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain during slow-wave sleep.
1288h agoThe study proves windowed spectral projection estimates and a generalized Weyl law for the quantized baker's map on the torus, and obtains a strengthening of the quantum ergodic theorem and statistics of random quasimodes.
1288h agoLocal-operator entanglement is upper-bound by three distinct magic monotones: $T$-count, unitary nullity, and operator stabilizer R\'enyi entropy.
1288h agoCoordination systems with multiple agents and objectives face thermodynamic constraints that prioritize findability over accuracy, and their complexity scales with the number of agents, objectives, and required precision.
1288h agoPolynomial Hamiltonian systems of PIV-type can be reduced to a minimal Hamiltonian system through an iterative process of polynomial regularisation.
1288h agoScientists characterize flat regions in random landscapes by counting the number of spheres that can fit into them, which reveals at least two topological regimes in the spherical perceptron.
1288h agoA machine learning-driven framework optimizes classical interatomic potentials to reproduce experimental properties of materials, efficiently exploring a large parameter space with a small number of molecular dynamics simulations.
1288h agoSilica glass has a complex medium-range order that changes with compression, exhibiting alternating cubic and octahedral particle arrangements at high pressures, which affects its compressibility.
1288h agoThe nonlinear phenomena in dark current of BIB infrared detectors, including negative differential resistance and current oscillations, arise from current path clustering and impurity band conduction dynamics.
1288h agoPhysically crosslinked polymer networks undergo ultra-slow coarsening with a logarithmically growing mesh size that governs their spatial organization, energy, and aging dynamics.
1288h agoA new method estimates the fidelity of large quantum circuits using the order statistics of measured output probabilities from highly entangled states.
1288h agoGO-Diff, a diffusion-based method, learns to directly sample low-energy atomic configurations to optimize global structure.
1288h agoAn assembly of Hopfield neural networks displays emergent capabilities, including pattern disentanglement, where it can separate a composite signal into its individual elements.
1288h agoHebbian couplings in Hopfield networks can be built from a set of definite patterns, labeled examples, or unlabeled examples, and their spectral distribution determines the stability, attractiveness, and generalization capabilities of the networks.
1288h agoDephasing can be used to engineer wave localization in non-Hermitian lattices, leading to wavefunction accumulation at the lattice's boundary.
1288h agoQuantum computers can solve certain problems that conventional computers can't, and specifically, quantum annealers can rapidly generate accurate solutions to the Schrödinger equation, outperforming leading classical methods.
1288h agoInverse Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Hamiltonian Learning (iPINN-HL) integrates observational data and physical laws to accurately and efficiently infer Hamiltonian parameters, approaching the Heisenberg limit with robustness to noise.
1288h agoAutistic adults have atypical neural processes for empathy and conflict resolution, showing heightened early emotional arousal and increased cognitive effort to evaluate others' pain.
1288h agoDrosophila mojavensis larvae have reduced and deeper sleep than Drosophila melanogaster larvae, which allows them to prioritize nutrient intake and energy storage, maximizing their survival in harsh environments.
1288h agoThe hippocampus combines different organizational patterns to represent spatial and semantic information, using a continuous shift in coding scale along its long axis during routine sequences and discrete subregions during sequence mismatches.
1288h agoInformation geometry methods can successfully extract higher-order dependencies from continuous neural recordings when paired with appropriate binarization schemes.
1288h agoBlocking PAI-1 in brain endothelial cells after a stroke improves recovery by reducing blood flow, which in turn reduces damage to the blood-brain barrier and inflammation.
1288h agoStronger representations of a distractor lead to poorer ability to process attended information, resulting in worse behavioral performance, especially in areas of the brain that process motion.
1288h agoOverexpressing a healthy version of the MFN2 gene in neurons helps restore normal mitochondrial function and motor ability in mice with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A.
1288h agoMismatch negativity, a biomarker of schizophrenia, matures during adolescence in mouse primary visual cortex, and this development does not require robust microglia activity.
1288h agoAge-related changes in microglial morphology correlate with cognitive decline in specific brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampus.
1288h agoRobots can help people hand over objects more naturally by adjusting their movement speed according to the object's weight.
1288h agoSkin biopsies can provide insight into changes in nerve cells of patients with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, with hundreds of genes expressed differently in these biopsies likely contributed by nerve axons and terminals.
1288h agoChronic exposure to methylparaben and ethylparaben causes developmental delays, reduces lifespan, increases oxidative damage, and impairs locomotor performance in Drosophila melanogaster.
1288h agoUncertainty about a reach target leads to less expansive neural preparation in the dorsal premotor cortex, and movements are adjusted accordingly, with a narrower separation between neural states allowing for more rapid movement re-preparation.
1288h agoRedox imbalance in the brain contributes to diseases like Alzheimer's, and research shows that a protein called deltaFOSB is regulated by a redox switch that controls its binding to target genes, affecting cognition.
1288h agoHuntington disease causes white matter loss by disrupting the transport of myelin-associated glycoprotein, a protein essential for maintaining the integrity of the myelin sheath, from oligodendrocyte cell bodies to myelinated axons.
1288h agoVestibular function in mice relies mainly on non-quantal transmission, not on VGLUT3-mediated quantal transmission, as removal of VGLUT3 reduces quantal synaptic transmission by over 95% but does not affect balance or vestibular nerve physiology.
1288h agoOPM-based MEG systems provide higher decoding accuracy than SQUID-based systems in multivariate pattern analysis of visual processing due to their higher spatial resolution.
1288h agoIron deficiency impairs mitochondrial energy production, stunts axon growth, and alters axon morphology in developing neurons, affecting brain health.
1292h agoCue-induced activation of specific neurons in the nucleus accumbens core drives relapse vulnerability in substance use disorder, and this process involves distinct structural and functional changes in these neurons.
1292h agoGlioblastoma cells become more like neuron/glia progenitors, express neuronal and synaptic machinery, and invade brain tissue through synaptic connections with specific types of neurons.
1292h agoThe LC17 type of visual projection neurons play a key role in object tracking during flight by processing signals from columnar visual neurons T3 and are essential for visual approach.
1292h agoThe magnitude of long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region correlates with daily fluctuations in the ratio of synaptic excitation to inhibition, and this correlation changes with age.
1292h agoThe expression of the PTF1A factor drives radial glial progenitors to differentiate into glial cells, and this process depends on the dosage of PTF1A expression.
1292h agoRAN proteins accumulate in brain regions of people with certain diseases and contribute to their progression by causing cell damage and death.
1292h agoMind blanking is characterised by a "rich" pattern of long and short-range signal anticorrelations in fMRI connectivity, but this pattern changes to a simpler hyperconnected one when people report being sleepy or less alert.
1292h agoNeurons in the brain maintain their normal firing patterns during absence seizures, with ictal activity representing a scalable modulation of pre-existing network states rather than a random disruption.
1292h agoReducing tau protein levels in specific brain regions with RNA-based therapies improves symptoms and reduces disease pathology in a mouse model of tau-related neurodegenerative disorders.
1292h agoNotch filters increase color contrast and enhance visual performance for normal trichromats, especially when searching for targets on bluish-yellowish backgrounds.
1292h agoARHGEF17 deficiency causes increased incidence and rupture of intracranial aneurysms by impairing endothelial function, promoting vascular inflammation, and disrupting cytoskeletal dynamics through the RhoA/ROCK2/MLC pathway.
1292h agoBinge ethanol exposure during adolescence disrupts the structural and functional connection between astrocytes and synapses, leading to lasting behavioral impairments that can be improved by stimulating astrocyte activity.
1292h agoPsychedelics disrupt visual processing by increasing active sensing behaviors and reducing visually-evoked activity in the primary visual cortex, with diverse effects on individual neurons.
1292h agoPrdm12 overexpression in sensory neurons decreases their excitability, reduces inflammatory joint pain, and modulates pain perception by affecting ion channels.
1292h agoHigher uncertainty in auditory stimuli leads to stronger inter-brain synchronization during social interaction.
1292h agoReplay activities in the brain follow different dynamics, with varying speeds and variability, and can be characterized using a state-space model that allows for switching between different types of dynamics.
1292h agoA shared ordinal structure between tasks does not improve performance when switching between declarative and motor sequence learning.
1292h agoPsilocybin has subtle, context-dependent effects on social behaviour and inflammation in female mice, with effects varying depending on the mouse's condition and environment.
1292h agoHunger activates a specific neuron that increases the craving for alcohol in hungry individuals by changing how the brain processes memories of alcohol-related cues.
1292h agoBDNF activates the mTOR pathway in axons, driving local protein synthesis that is essential for axonal trafficking, neuronal function, and long-distance signaling.
1292h agoA low-cost brain phantom made from ground beef, sodium alginate, and starch, effectively emulates key biophysical properties of brain tissue, allowing for safe and efficient testing of multiple neuromodulation modalities.
1296h agoBrain scans and behavioral measures reveal two dimensions of brain function that distinguish between youth with different psychiatric symptoms, and can identify three distinct subtypes with unique symptom profiles and brain development patterns.
1296h agoThe intracellular domain of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) is essential for retinal ganglion cells to regenerate injured axons and strongly amplifies their response to growth factors.
1296h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregation directly triggers changes in mitochondria, including increased size, defective cristae structure, and enhanced formation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles.
1296h agoThe brain directly decodes motion acceleration from neural responses in area MT on fast time scales with high fidelity, rather than calculating it indirectly from velocity representations.
1296h agoIntergenerational social connections change brain activity related to social bonding, with intergenerational pairs showing decreased and same-generation pairs showing increased neural synchrony over six sessions.
1296h agoThe spinal cord's propriospinal networks contribute to coordination between locomotor and autonomic systems through a strong ascending communication pathway from the lumbar to thoracic region.
1296h agoA 10mL white matter reference region improves reliability in measuring synaptic density with [11C]UCB-J and detects a greater difference in brain activity between Parkinson's disease patients and healthy subjects.
1296h agoOverexpressing ATAD1 partly corrects imbalances in lipid metabolism, improves mitochondrial function, and increases peroxisome numbers in patient cells with Zellweger Spectrum Disorders caused by PEX1 and PEX6 gene mutations.
1296h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Higher spatial frequencies and larger patterns cause stronger visual discomfort and pupillary constriction, and repeated exposure leads to increased discomfort and decreased pupil size.
1304h agoDepleting FMRP in human brain cells causes cellular hyperexcitability that can be corrected by a specific enzyme inhibitor.
1308h agoThe planum temporale and other brain regions are activated when people perceive sound sources as located outside their head, and different sound conditions activate different areas.
1308h agoNorepinephrine suppresses the transmission of emotional information from the basolateral amygdala to the medial prefrontal cortex by reducing the excitatory signals between them.
1308h agoThe medial temporal lobe has different parts that handle different types of information, with posterior parts representing visual information and anterior parts representing conceptual information, and distinct brain wave patterns in these areas support memory formation.
1308h agoDeleting 4E-BP2 in GABAergic interneurons impairs long-term memory formation by controlling the translation of specific mRNAs, including Gal, that are required for memory.
1308h agoThe clonal raider ant brain shows extensive interindividual variability in structure, even among genetically identical individuals of the same age.
1308h agoNeuroPaint, a masked autoencoding approach, infers the dynamics of unrecorded brain areas by leveraging data from multiple animals with overlapping recorded areas.
1312h agoMAPS, a new computational tool, identifies which explanations of artificial neural networks best match human vision by comparing image-by-image human accuracies on minimal images with accuracies on full stimuli.
1312h agoA system's representation of sensory information preserves fine-grained details, even when it abstracts away some features, because the information can be recovered from the features rather than their causal origin.
1312h agoNon-linear changes in brain network connectivity occur in specific networks of cognitively normal older adults with early amyloid pathology, and are associated with better cognitive performance.
1312h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when viewed directly, and this effect changes with distance.
1312h agoThe regulator must contain a model of the system it regulates to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the system's output.
1312h agoThe destabilizing bifurcations from an equilibrium in coupled systems are governed by the extreme eigenvalues of the network's coupling matrix.
1312h agoMechanical lattices support topological wave phenomena that are governed by geometric phases, which can be controlled and manipulated through symmetry, modulation, and topology to analyze and design vibration and acoustic functionalities in engineered structures.
1312h agoThe study constructs explicit two-phase solutions to the focusing mKdV equation and examines their spectral and orbital stability.
1312h agoN-solitons of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations and (N1,N2)-solitons of the coupled modified Korteweg-de Vries equations are nonlinearly stable in Sobolev spaces.
1312h agoAbandoned geostationary satellites near an unstable equilibrium point experience irregular transitions between dynamical states due to interactions between longitudinal dynamics and orbital precession, and these transitions occur suddenly at specific points in the precession cycle when the orbital inclination is minimal.
1312h agoThe two-population Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model exhibits random switches between synchronized and desynchronized states in the two populations, caused by the finite size of the network.
1312h agoIce streams in ice sheets can exhibit build-up/surge oscillatory variability due to thermomechanical coupling at the base of the ice, and this variability can be chaotic.
1312h agoUnstable periodic orbits play a major role in understanding spatiotemporal chaos; their stability changes with coupling strength and can be analyzed through the eigenvalues of the orbit Jacobian operator.
1312h agoFerromagnets with a specific type of symmetry exhibit a rich spectrum of phases and transitions, including a paramagnetic phase and two distinct ferromagnetic phases that can coexist as stable and metastable states over a range of temperatures.
1312h agoPolynomial Hamiltonian systems of $\text{P}_{\text{IV}}$-type can be reduced to a minimal Hamiltonian system through an iterative process of polynomial regularisation.
1312h agoThe semiclassical analytical solutions for the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in a quarter-stadium quantum billiard predict the band structure of the observable matrix and describe the asymptotic behavior of the f function in the semiclassical limit.
1312h agoEpidemic forecasting requires models that account for complex social interactions, and a new expression for the basic reproduction number $\mathcal R_0$ enables analysis of disease transmission across multiple social layers.
1312h agoUltra-discretization preserves the properties of Yang-Baxter maps and independence preserving property, and this preservation yields new examples of piecewise linear maps with independence preserving property.
1312h agoThe synchronous collision of solitons in a nonlinear Schrödinger equation results in a local wave profile that scales as the sinc(x) function, and this behavior persists even when soliton amplitudes are random variables.
1312h agoSwarming agents can collectively produce a desired density through local sensing, motion, and interactions, by moving in a stochastic walk over a networked domain to reduce the error between the swarm density and the target.
1312h agoThe variational free energy principle provides a method for modelling systems made of coupled objects by representing the dependence relationships between their states or trajectories using generative models.
1312h agoThe generalized construction of regular rational extensions of the trigonometric Darboux-Pöschl-Teller potential yields novel families of exceptional orthogonal polynomials that depend on discrete and continuous parameters.
1312h agoQuantum walks exhibit chaotic signatures, including sharp differences in spectral statistics and eigenfunction morphology, when their motion is influenced by chaotic features of the boundary shape in a closed domain.
1312h agoSonic horizons form and accelerate in a Bose-Einstein condensate due to harmonic confinement, and can collide and annihilate each other over time.
1312h agoPanda, a new model, forecasts chaotic systems accurately without needing to be trained on specific systems, preserving short-term accuracy and long-term statistics.
1312h agoAbrikosov vortices in superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
1312h agoStrong disorder in quantum systems leads to slow dynamics, causing information transport to occur at a non-perturbatively small velocity and entanglement to spread logarithmically slowly over long time scales.
1312h agoA new class of dynamical systems can be trained for classification and generation by shaping connections between nodes to steer the system towards a desired equilibrium.
1312h agoTransversal gates reduce the error threshold for fault-tolerant quantum computation to 0.080 for bit-flip errors and 0.028 for syndrome errors, compared to a static quantum memory.
1312h agoFeed-forward neural quantum states have a limited entanglement entropy for any subregion, bound by $S \leq c k\log n$, which rules out volume law entanglement for states with a small number of nonlinearities.
1312h agoShearing a non-Brownian suspension forms two types of memories, one of direction and one of amplitude, which coexist and compete within a limited capacity.
1312h agoQuasiperiodic systems can host three coexisting quantum phases, including localized, extended, and multifractal states, with proposed experimental protocols to detect them.
1312h agoMany-body localization lends robustness to nonequilibrium phases of matter, which can exhibit topological and symmetry-breaking order, and a new framework classifies these phases, including anomalous localized topological phases, using quantum cellular automata.
1312h agoAnderson localization enhances the critical temperature of disordered superconductors by following an exact symmetry relation based on nonlinear sigma-models.
1312h agoBond dissipation drives particles from dispersive bands into flat bands, facilitating their preparation, measurement, and utilization.
1312h agoBrain activity in areas responsible for memory and learning helps verbal memory performance in midlife postmenopausal women.
1312h agoWolfram-like syndrome causes vision loss through retinal ganglion cell degeneration due to WFS1 gene variants that impair optic nerve mitochondrial physiology and disrupt endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication.
1312h agoRhythmic bursting of action potentials occurs in about 12% of VLPO neurons, driven by intrinsic mechanisms, and may contribute to sleep regulation.
1312h agoFerroptosis, a unique cell death mechanism, is involved in Parkinson's disease pathology, and inhibiting the enzyme 15-lipoxygenase can rescue associated pathologies and prevent abnormal protein oligomerisation.
1312h agoEarly-life exposure to organophosphate flame retardants causes lasting, sex-specific changes in the body's stress response system, leading to altered stress reactions and behaviors.
1312h agoSilent reading can be decoded from brain activity with 30-40% accuracy, but decoding performance of inner speech tasks such as repetitive and generative inner speech is mostly at chance level.
1312h agoEPO treatment remodels chromatin accessibility in newly formed pyramidal neurons, with transposable elements emerging as critical regulators of gene networks involved in neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.
1312h agoThe human brain segments stories into events with multiple timescales while reading, with different brain regions representing shorter or longer events in a nested hierarchical structure.
1312h agoA new protein variant of alpha-synuclein, called a-Syn-115, is more abundant in certain brain cells of people with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and may contribute to the formation of protein clumps that drive disease progression.
1312h agoPeripheral immune system activation rapidly changes serotonin signaling capacity by inhibiting firing of serotonin-producing neurons and enhancing serotonin clearance through a specific molecular pathway.
1316h agoOlder adults show greater gait variability and less flexibility in brain activity when walking on uneven terrain compared to younger adults.
1316h agoThe extrastriate visual cortex contains columns that are selectively responsive to different visual features, and these columns compete with each other during development, allowing intact functions to take over those that are compromised.
1316h agoIndividual-level, data-driven factor models better capture the organization and behavioral relevance of brain activity than the current Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework.
1316h agoPeople with social anxiety have better memory for social errors, such as faces shown during mistakes, which can strengthen negative memories and contribute to their anxiety.
1316h agoHypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) directly regulates the T-type calcium channel CaV3.2, leading to increased neuronal excitability through a conserved pathway that may contribute to post-ischemic epileptogenesis.
1316h agoHigh-frequency fMRI signals capture spontaneous neural activity that indexes brain states, and fast fMRI sampling allows for more precise quantification of this activity, including decoding EEG rhythms from short windows of fMRI data.
1316h agoBrains fixed with salt-saturated or alcohol-formaldehyde solutions can be used for MRI studies, especially with T2-weighted sequences, which maintain a sharp contrast in different brain regions.
1316h agoThe putamen plays a role in representing self and others' actions in social contexts by gating cortical representations.
1316h agoElectrocortical activity involves spontaneous dynamics and paradoxically activated states with increased global complexity during deep anesthesia, and is not a unitary function of anesthetic concentration.
1316h agoNonlinear dynamical system techniques reveal the core dynamics of artificial recurrent neural networks used in neuroscience, reducing their dimensionality by orders of magnitude and enabling the interpretation of robust structures in neuronal dynamics.
1320h agoReducing tau protein helps improve brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, and delivering an artificial microRNA that targets tau can reduce tau accumulation, improve symptoms, and extend survival in a mouse model of the disease.
1320h agoBeta bursts reflect structured, task-specific neural dynamics, and a machine learning approach using nonlinear features can classify them with up to 91.1% accuracy, considering both burst duration and task condition.
1320h agoPatients with macular degeneration develop different patterns of eye movements as they adapt to central vision loss, with individual differences in behavior seen before and after visual training.
1320h agoMultiple protein kinases are activated with complex dynamics over 24 hours in response to different learning protocols, with their activity patterns varying depending on the protocol used to induce long-term synaptic facilitation.
1320h agoA new data-driven approach improves the analysis of nociceptive discharges by accurately sorting spikes in nociceptors, leading to more reliable analysis of pain and itch sensory coding.
1320h agoAdding artificial neural signals to training datasets improves the ability of deep neural networks to decode continuous movements, such as limb kinematics, from brain activity.
1320h agoParkinson's disease, age, sex, and body mass index are independently associated with striatal dopamine synthesis capacity, which is reduced in Parkinson's disease, decreases with age, is higher in females, and weakly increases with higher body mass index.
1320h agoMutations in the KCNB1 gene disrupt the clustering of Kv2.1 potassium channels, leading to altered channel dynamics and potentially increasing neuronal excitability.
1320h agoExcessive formation of perineuronal nets in the hippocampus during a sensitive period disrupts social memory development and leads to lifelong social recognition deficits in mice with a genetic mutation related to Autism Spectrum Disorder.
1320h agoPsilocybin and DMT delay the onset of sleep and cause a short increase in wakefulness, and alter brain activity patterns during wakefulness and sleep.
1320h agoThe human brain's action network has a detailed functional affinity architecture that shows its integrative topology across the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and subcortical nuclei, and is anticorrelated with the default network.
1320h agoImmoral decisions change the brain's dynamic states, decreasing activity in the control network and increasing activity in the reward network as dishonesty persists.
1320h agoDecreased microRNA-21-3p levels contribute to cerebral hemorrhage in cerebral cavernous malformations by increasing vascular permeability and angiogenesis through the regulation of NOX4 and VEGFA.
1320h agoAttractiveness can be automatically detected, but differences exist between processing facial and vocal attractiveness, with change detection working better for unattractive than attractive information.
1320h agoMating in Drosophila erecta flies depends on environmental cues, specifically food volatiles, which trigger male sexual arousal and promote courtship when the flies are densely aggregated on a food patch.
1324h agoIntestinal cooling after a stroke reduces brain injury, improves functional recovery, and lowers mortality rates in mice more effectively than body surface cooling or normothermic conditions.
1324h agoBDNF increases the synaptic surface expression of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons through a signaling cascade involving hnRNPK, Pyk2, and protein kinase C, leading to changes in network excitability.
1324h agoMitochondrial dysfunction can be detected in live human neurons using a noninvasive framework that combines optical diffraction tomography with organelle-aware representation learning.
1324h agoAnnexin A1, a protein secreted by tanycytes, regulates energy balance by reducing inflammation in the brain and influencing the activity of surrounding cells.
1324h agoScientists must accept responsibility for championing science and communicate more effectively with the public to restore trust.
1328h agoBrain clearance mechanisms can be noninvasively mapped using magnetic resonance imaging, revealing region-specific drivers in healthy brains and altered dynamics in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
1328h agoC9orf72 mutations impair immune activation in ALS, affecting brain cell communication and revealing different cellular and molecular pathways in sporadic and genetic forms of the disease.
1328h agoThe foveola, a tiny region of the retina, accounts for nearly one third of projections to the visual cortex and shows substantial individual variability in sensitivity, with peak sensitivity often shifted toward the temporal visual field.
1328h agoThe human cerebral cortex contains 906 layer-specific genes with distinct expression patterns, and its cell type diversity changes with age and is linked to disease through spatially specific gene expression.
1328h agoThe hippocampus prioritizes different dimensions of visual similarity at different stages of learning, and its activity patterns related to similar visual stimuli change depending on whether those stimuli interfere with each other in memory.
1328h agoThe brain uses separate networks to process time, space, and reward, with distinct subnetworks for interval timing, spatial navigation, and reward.
1328h agoChildren with dyslexia exhibit altered phonetic encoding strategies, characterized by disrupted processing of word-onset phonemes and slower retention of less relevant sounds in verbal short-term memory.
1328h agoFMR1-KO mice display habituation deficits during early development, and their behavioral responses to auditory stimuli change dynamically as they mature and differ between females and males.
1332h agoBrain network formation happens on a non-uniform developmental timetable, and adding this timing to generative network models helps create synthetic networks that more accurately reproduce the spatial layout of real brain networks.
1332h agoElevated levels of -synuclein decrease the density of key presynaptic proteins MYCBP2 and ELKS, potentially disrupting presynaptic function in Parkinson's Disease.
1332h agoPhysiological artifact annotations are provided for a large-scale EEG dataset, PhysioMotion Artifact, which helps improve EEG signal interpretation and analysis.
1332h agoTask-relevant variables are encoded in orthogonal subspaces of neural activity, and this occurs in brain areas, across species, and in artificial neural networks trained on tasks that depend on these variables.
1336h agoHippocampal sequences arise from intrinsic recurrent circuitry that acts as a temporal memory buffer for extremely sparse inputs, allowing an agent to reliably solve a continuous maze without explicit geometric cues.
1336h agoThe Language of Thought hypothesis suggests that some cognitive processes involve language-like representations that are processed by neural hardware in the nervous system.
1336h agoNeuronal networks in the brain have a similar structure to the cosmic web, with features like hub nodes, clustered connections, and large empty spaces.
1336h agoAI-based surrogate brains use data-driven approaches to predict whole-brain dynamics, offering a new way to decode neural systems and forecast complex brain activity.
1336h agoPhysiological co-modulation occurs during human-animal interactions, with evidence showing that humans and animals can have synchronized physiological responses, particularly in the contexts of animal-assisted therapy and companionship.
1336h agoThe large Laplacian re-referencing strategy achieves the best P300 peak classification accuracy, outperforming other strategies.
1336h agoReducing electrodes in electroencephalography-based Brain-Computer Interfaces degrades source reconstruction quality and distorts neural generators, and a new scaling law shows a mathematical link between electrode reduction and localization accuracy.
1336h agoLossy compression of visual inputs, which discards irrelevant details, supports the ability to distinguish between similar visual stimuli by facilitating pattern separation.
1336h agoPeople are systematic and adaptively rational when making decisions and forming judgments in new problem settings, even with little to no experience.
1336h agoThe human proprioceptive system overestimates the speed of slow hand movements and underestimates the speed of fast hand movements.
1336h agoThe performance of Large Language Models degrades when crucial information is in the middle of a long context, a phenomenon arising from the models' adaptation to different information retrieval demands during pre-training.
1336h agoOptimised electric field waveforms reduce energy loss by up to 92% compared to conventional pulses, enabling directional selectivity and efficient neural activation with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
1336h agoA regulator must contain a model of the system it regulates to reduce the complexity of the system's output.
1336h agoAgents tracking sensory streams using simple generative programs impose structural and dynamical constraints that confine their behavior to low-dimensional manifolds aligned with the symmetries of the data.
1336h agoReinforcement learning and supervised learning drive recurrent neural networks to fundamentally different computational solutions when trained on identical decision-making tasks.
1336h agoIncreasing noise intensity reduces auditory steady-state responses in gamma oscillations, and enhancing the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance improves auditory attention during speech recognition.
1336h agoTactile sensing is improved by using a novel Encoder-Attender-Decoder framework and convolutional recurrent neural networks, which achieves neural representations matching rodent somatosensory cortex and reveals the importance of recurrent processing for general-purpose tactile representations.
1336h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
1336h agoA novel distance metric, the Alpha-Z Bures-Wasserstein divergence, improves identification rates of individuals from functional connectomes, outperforming traditional and state-of-the-art methods across multiple task conditions and spatial resolutions.
1336h agoSpiking neural networks with nonlinear pruning and dendritic integration achieve high sparsity with minimal performance degradation across multiple tasks.
1336h agoA geometric framework helps to uncover underlying neural mechanisms in interactive social behavior by examining dynamic changes in neural interactions through evolving geometric structures of neural networks.
1336h agoA novel approach called EM-LLM integrates human episodic memory into large language models, enabling them to handle practically infinite context lengths while maintaining computational efficiency.
1336h agoNeural oscillations play a key role in the appearance of a toroidal topology in the activity of grid cells in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex.
1336h agoSwarmalators, which combine swarming and synchronized oscillations, exhibit complex patterns such as clustering and phase waves, influenced by factors like interaction range and coupling strength.
1336h agoQuantum mechanics reinstates confinement in classically unstable Hamiltonian systems by creating an effective barrier that localizes states along classical escape channels.
1336h agoThe interplay among environment feedback, nonlinear effects, and stochasticity drives a system towards a variety of steady-state structures, including full defection, full cooperation, stable coexistence, and periodic limit cycles.
1336h agoThe six-wave interaction system, derived from Maxwell's equations in nonlinear optics, leads to a set of coupled equations that describe how electric and polarization fields evolve over space and time.
1336h agoThe Complex System Response equation connects component interactions with emergent behaviors in complex systems, and applies to physical, chemical, biological, and social systems.
1336h agoTempological control, a novel strategy that uses time-varying networks, can drive a nonlinear system to a desired state or stabilize unstable states without external forcing.
1336h agoThe Bunimovich mushroom billiard system shows phase space localization of chaotic eigenstates for narrow stems, which changes as the stem width increases.
1336h agoA three-dimensional generalization of QRT maps has two rational integrals and an invariant volume form, establishing its integrability.
1336h agoThe Kipnis-Marchioro-Presutti lattice gas model shows complete integrability of its macroscopic fluctuation theory equations, allowing for explicit results on nonstationary heat transfer statistics at long times.
1336h agoThe Simple Inclusion Process exhibits a large-deviation behavior in mass transfer, with a probability distribution that follows a rate function determined by the macroscopic fluctuation theory.
1336h agoThe site activity distribution in the two-dimensional Abelian sandpile model follows a finite-size scaling form, with a crossover between typical and highly excitable sites occurring at a threshold activity of about 0.1 L^2.
1336h agoRandom wave forcing produces soliton gases in shallow water conditions, while dispersive waves develop into weak turbulence in deep water conditions.
1336h agoA predictive model based on cellular automata helps accurately forecast wildfires by incorporating environmental variables such as vegetation density, wind speed, and topographic slope.
1336h agoSpin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling undergo phase transitions in their ground state when exposed to gradient magnetic fields, leading to stable ground states with arbitrary winding numbers.
1336h agoA modified (1+1)-dimensional theory produces analytic BPS double-kink solutions with exponential decay in three models, governed by the φ4, φ6, and sine-Gordon superpotentials.
1336h agoTwo constructions of a quantization of the dispersionless KdV hierarchy are the same, one made by Wang and the other by the authors in joint work with Rossi.
1336h agoThe Womersley solution for pulsatile viscous flow in a circular tube reveals that the relationship between pressure gradient and velocity forms a loop in phase space, where the loop area equals the mean hydraulic power per cycle.
1336h agoThe Mean Information Gain (MIG) metric quantifies emergence in complex systems by measuring the lack of information about other elements given certain known properties.
1336h agoIon-irradiated amorphous thin films do not have constant fluidity throughout the layer, but instead have varying fluidity caused by radiation-induced defect kinetics.
1336h agoReinforcement learning and supervised learning drive recurrent neural networks to fundamentally different computational solutions when trained on identical decision-making tasks.
1336h agoAn inverse scattering transform is proposed for the continuum Calogero-Moser equation, which involves constructing Jost solutions and introducing a distorted Fourier transform.
1336h agoLocal cooperation and global competition create a transition to diverse communities, such as linguistic groups, through a process of evolution that organizes clusters of communities with different fitness.
1336h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, and this structure can be extended to Riemann surfaces of higher genus.
1336h agoThe study presents new Hamiltonian descriptions of three-dimensional systems, including chaotic systems like Chen, L\"u, and Qi systems, and shows that they can be described in a Hamiltonian framework with a resistance matrix.
1336h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
1336h agoStructured Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural ODEs (SKANODEs) integrate structured state-space modeling with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks to create accurate and physically interpretable models of nonlinear dynamical systems.
1336h agoDirect numerical simulation results for 3D turbulent Kolmogorov flows are inaccurate due to numerical noise, and a new method called clean numerical simulation provides a more accurate benchmark solution.
1336h agoThe attractiveness-driven interaction model shows that individual attractiveness leads to more compact groups, a power-law distribution of group sizes, and the suppression of a percolation transition, differing from a null model where agents move continuously.
1336h agoRandom matrix product unitaries can reproduce the behavior of truly random systems for certain types of observables with minimal resources.
1336h agoThe partition functions of 5d SYM theories with SU(2) gauge group and four flavours obey blowup relations that can be linked to the weights of a Lie algebra through the Weyl group action.
1336h agoThe updated keyword diagram of complex systems reveals differences and overlaps between public perception and actual usage of keywords in publications, and identifies four highly interconnected topical communities.
1336h agoNew classical stochastic dynamics models stabilize order in two and higher dimensions without symmetry, and have fluctuation-stabilized order that becomes fragile in larger dimensions.
1336h agoCoordination across multiple agents and objectives faces fundamental thermodynamic constraints that force systems to prioritize being findable over accuracy, leading to a need for progressive simplification.
1336h agoA decoder for fault-tolerant error correction in topological codes achieves a memory lifetime that scales as a stretched exponential in the linear system size, provided it has access to a certain number of noiseless classical bits.
1336h agoDisordered zero modes affect the fractal dimension of ensembles with chiral symmetry, and symmetry-conserving diagonal disorder reduces the fractal dimension in delocalized Bogoliubov-de Gennes ensembles.
1336h agoDephasing can be used to engineer wave localization in non-Hermitian lattices, leading to a novel dynamical localization phenomenon where wavefunctions accumulate at the lattice's boundary.
1336h agoA novel approach using magnetic topological insulators creates pinning sites for domain wall memories without topographical notches, enabling precise control over domain manipulation.
1336h agoA theoretical framework analyzes the spectral properties of sparse asymmetric correlation matrices, finding that their spectral density evolves as an asymmetry parameter changes from nearly symmetric to nearly antisymmetric.
1336h agoQuantized neural network training with the straight-through estimator exhibits a plateau followed by a sharp drop in generalization error, with the plateau length depending on the quantization range.
1336h agoThe addition of a single magnetic impurity to a honeycomb lattice generates chirality and a topological mass term, and the chirality reverses at a critical value of around 0.9.
1336h agoNeural Quantum States accurately simulate the square-lattice Hubbard model, revealing features of a doped Mott insulator, including antiferromagnetic correlations and suppressed density fluctuations.
1336h agoThe extension of the dynamical cluster approximation captures how Rashba spin-orbit coupling and nonlocal correlations modify single-particle properties and spin-dependent interference in disordered two-dimensional systems.
1336h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap at a certain threshold, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their properties make them a challenging benchmark for algorithms and a candidate for cryptographic applications.
1336h agoA satisfiability transition occurs in finding signs for a sequence of matrices such that the operator norm of the signed sum is within a given margin, with a sharp threshold at a critical value as the number of matrices and their size increase.
1336h agoRecurrent neural networks provide accurate information about quantum many-body systems in the thermodynamic limit when used as variational ansatzes in machine-learning-based Monte Carlo simulations.
1336h agoThe entanglement entropy of a complex system's eigenstate depends on a single functional of the system parameters that captures collective information content.
1336h agoDisordered superconductor couplings can reconstruct fractional quantum Hall edge states into stable phases with quantized electron-to-hole conversion probability.
1336h agoRecurrent neural network wavefunctions provide accurate estimates of ground-state properties of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the thermodynamic limit, especially when combined with basis rotation or variational neural annealing.
1336h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
1336h agoDistinct motivational outcomes drive different changes in the genes expressed by neuromodulatory neurons in the brain, leading to behavioral flexibility.
1336h agoNeuropathic pain results from changes in the brain's primary sensory cortex, specifically structural changes to the axon initial segment, that increase the excitability of certain brain cells.
1336h agoCSF1R inhibition combined with cranial radiotherapy accelerates reactive gliosis and monocyte-derived macrophage engraftment without protecting vulnerable neural cell populations, but leads to limited long-term recovery of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
1336h agoDeleting or overexpressing specific snoRNAs in the gut and fat body of flies affects their lifespan, metabolism, and brain health.
1336h agoAmyloid-beta filaments bound to receptors in Alzheimer's brain are 65 nm long and have prion protein at their tips, and this structure is critical for synaptic damage.
1336h agoAAV11 can transfer from axons of postsynaptic neurons to astrocytes, allowing for the labeling of astrocytes connected to specific postsynaptic neurons.
1336h agoAbnormal fibrils formed from aggregated proteins cause Parkinson's disease, and a new framework combining AI and structural biology designs peptides that inhibit fibril growth.
1336h agoA conditioned auditory stimulus can stop absence seizures in a rat model, with the success of termination depending on the timing of the stimulus, the level of conditioning, and the strength of the electrographic signal.
1340h agoA home sleep study using wearable devices found that sleep patterns change with age from late childhood to early adulthood, with decreases in deep sleep and slow brain waves as people get older.
1340h agoPreterm children's attention and working memory skills can be supported through a tablet-based intervention called Dino Island, which parents can deliver with high fidelity.
1340h agoThe molecular basis for heterogeneous aging in the human brain involves two dominant themes: a robust immunometabolic axis and distinct, cell-type-specific molecular programs that vary by sex.
1340h agoSynTrack, a new algorithm, accurately tracks 65,000 synapses in living mice over two weeks with high resolution and fidelity.
1340h agoThe brain and body's health are linked through two main patterns: one driven by age, which is associated with loss of brain structural integrity and cerebral vascular dysfunction, and another driven by metabolic features, which is linked to cognitive deficits, particularly in females.
1340h agoThe brain composes elements for reasoning by packaging them into fast neural sequences that explore the implications of different compositions over time.
1340h agoThe cerebellum plays a critical role in adapting vocal pitch in response to sensory errors, and individuals with cerebellar damage are unable to make necessary adjustments to maintain accurate control of vocal pitch.
1340h agoPhysical exercise increases Alpha activity in the brain for at least 25 minutes, and also temporarily increases Theta activity, in young healthy humans.
1344h agoApoE-LRP8 signaling helps axons regrow after brain and spinal cord injury, and modifying this pathway with ApoE2 can improve motor function and promote axon growth.
1344h agoThe hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI alters neurovascular coupling in mice, which has implications for interpreting human fMRI studies of psychedelics.
1352h agoAstrocytic Ca2+ helps prevent synaptic depotentiation by reducing repetitive dendritic activity in the motor cortex during motor training, contributing to learning-dependent neuronal circuit modification.
1352h agoWorking memory is maintained by a distributed pattern of persistent discharges across cortical neurons, which fluctuates widely in information representation fidelity.
1352h agoChild adversity affects the brain's stress response system, and differences in this system, specifically in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine area, are linked to resilience or susceptibility to anxiety and depression in mice.
1352h agoMetaphors, especially novel ones, engage the right hemisphere cortex more than literal sentences and familiar metaphors, and activate a network of brain regions including the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal cortex.
1352h agoThe uncinate fasciculus's lipid composition and myelin-constituent genes and proteins change with age, with increases in certain phospholipids and decreases in myelin-related molecules, which may contribute to age-related myelin deficits and declines in cognition.
1352h agoA multi-parametric diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy approach can characterize soma and neurite morphology of neuronal and glial cells, which may help develop biomarkers for neurological diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Multiple Sclerosis.
1352h agoLossy compression of visual inputs, which discards irrelevant details, supports the ability to discriminate similar visual stimuli, rather than expanding neural codes to make representations more distinct.
1352h agoTachykinin-1 expressing neurons in the lateral habenula encode reward prediction errors, and their activity changes with the difference between expected and realized rewards.
1352h agoMicroglial activation states are regulated by specific transcriptional regulators, which can be manipulated to selectively enrich certain states and inform future therapies.
1352h agoHuman intracranial recordings can advance the search for neural correlates of perceptual consciousness by offering high resolution and sensitivity.
1360h agoA new model combines magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging data to estimate brain activity with high spatial and temporal resolution.
1360h agoThe hierarchical information in brain regions of the visual system can be quantified by decoding outcomes to reflect an information hierarchy.
1360h agoA novel framework decodes fMRI signals into textual descriptions of viewed natural images, capturing core semantic content and revealing the critical role of higher-level visual cortices in visual semantic processing.
1360h agoHumans and machines working together can make better decisions than either one alone when their confidence levels are well-calibrated and they are good at different tasks.
1360h agoThe brain's slow oscillations during sleep are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of traveling waves, such as frequency, speed, and spatial patterns.
1360h agoA discrete third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation shows that a refractive index detuning induces intermediate dynamical regimes, including coherent breathing modes and chaotic-like propagation patterns, in the transition from stable uniform states to self-trapped regimes in two-dimensional nonlinear waveguide arrays.
1360h agoThe algebraic structures of integrable hierarchies play an important role in soliton equations, and a matrix representation of a constrained CKP hierarchy is given using splitting theory.
1360h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model displays a richer dynamical behavior than its single-layer counterpart, including oscillations and bifurcations, offering new insights into regulatory interactions in real-world systems.
1360h agoHigher-order interactions affect collective behavior in coupled oscillators, with different types of interactions leading to stable states only when considered together.
1360h agoThe motion of charged test particles around a black hole becomes chaotic when an external magnetic field is present, and the strength of chaos increases with particle energy and magnetic field but decreases with particle angular momentum, black hole spin, and quantum corrections.
1360h agoMultiscale polyadic group interactions impact the dynamics of interacting particle systems by changing equilibrium dynamics and phase transitions in epidemic and voter models.
1360h agoThe brain's slow oscillations during sleep are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of traveling waves, such as frequency, speed, and spatial patterns.
1360h agoA theoretical framework analyzing neural networks through dynamical systems theory reveals that different transformation modes in neurons lead to distinct learning behaviors, information extraction, and learning phases.
1360h agoEnvironmental variability and slow migration affect the fixation and extinction of microbial populations in spatially structured metapopulations, with the mutant fixation probability depending on the rate of migration and exhibiting a non-monotonic dependence on the switching rate between harsh and mild environmental conditions.
1360h agoThe one-dimensional critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, with commuting transfer matrices built from a non-local R-matrix expressed in terms of Majorana fermions.
1360h agoNonreciprocally coupled fields are governed by dynamic models with varying conservation laws, which can be derived from microscopic Ising models using mean-field approximation.
1360h agoTwo coherently coupled dissipative time crystals exhibit chaotic synchronization in the classical limit, characterized by a positive largest Lyapunov exponent and a Pearson correlation coefficient close to one, and a similar crossover behavior is observed in finite-size quantum dynamics.
1360h agoRogue waves are generated within a one-dimensional quantum droplet environment through two protocols, producing various waveforms, including Peregrine solitons and Akhmediev breathers.
1360h agoA strongly disordered nuclear spin ensemble exhibits a phase transition into a sub-diffusive regime, where thermalization emerges slowly due to the system's fractal structure.
1360h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model displays a richer dynamical behavior than its single-layer counterpart, including oscillations and bifurcations, offering new insights into regulatory interactions in real-world systems.
1360h agoThe network topology determines the net magnetization of the ground state, with heterogeneity in the number of neighbors and the presence of hubs being key factors that make it tunable.
1360h agoThe extended Aubry-André-Harper chain model exhibits a many-body critical phase with unusual characteristics when short-range interactions are present, including multifractal scaling and delocalization of single-particle excitations.
1360h agoProbabilistic Approximate Optimization Algorithm (PAOA) enables fast sampling on Ising machines and probabilistic computers by iteratively modifying network couplings guided by cost evaluations, and outperforms QAOA and simulated annealing on certain problems.
1360h agoProbabilistic landscape models help understand fitness landscapes in evolutionary biology by describing their structure and features that affect evolutionary searches.
1360h agoThe topology of superconducting flux-qubit networks influences their magnetic response, with cross-shaped arrays showing a stronger magnetic flux response than linear arrays due to cooperative coupling among qubits.
1360h agoThe study finds a time-dependent progression of Parkinson's disease-like pathology from the olfactory bulb to other brain regions in mice exposed to rotenone, with associated behavioural impairment, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.
1364h agoLRRK2 kinase activity regulates glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity in response to neuroinflammation, but has no effect on GCase activity under normal conditions.
1368h agoCytokines IL-1, IL-18, IL-1RA, and IL-6 are associated with neuroinflammation, brain injury, and poor clinical outcomes in Herpes Simplex Virus encephalitis (HSE), and their levels are not reduced by adjunctive dexamethasone treatment.
1368h agoSleep loss causes different changes in brain organization depending on whether it is acute total sleep deprivation or chronic sleep restriction.
1368h agoDynamic brain networks support language perception and production through stable network connectivity that includes both active and low-activity regions.
1376h agoThe ventral hippocampus, especially its 3-4 Hz oscillations, plays a key role in creating a neural representation of a specific opposite-sex partner.
1376h agoAstrocyte-secreted SEMA3C protein inhibits neuronal growth and contributes to the pathology of Rett Syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder.
1376h agoThe brain constructs the value of a stimulus by converting its attributes into context-dependent values, which are then combined to form an overall value that changes with the context.
1376h agoADHD and autism spectrum disorder share some brain abnormalities related to inhibitory control, but differ in specific circuit-level abnormalities.
1376h agoDopamine transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex encodes the value of actions and helps adapt to changing situations by shaping neuronal activity through specific receptor interactions.
1376h agoAstrocyte microtubules are oriented primarily with their plus-ends-out, and their organization is characterized by stabilized microtubules proximally and a distinct arrangement of intermediate filaments and actin microstructures distally.
1376h agoThe thalamus directs the development of neural circuits in the cerebral cortex by controlling gene expression, neural activity, and cell organization.
1380h agoWomen who experience early menopause have weaker global brain activity and reduced connection to cerebrospinal fluid flow, which may contribute to memory decline and increased risk of dementia.
1380h agoA distinct population of prefrontal cortical neurons, called NAP neurons, are active during unconscious states such as NREM sleep and anesthesia and play a key role in controlling the transition from consciousness to unconsciousness.
1380h agoT cells infiltrate the brain after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, modulate microglial activation, and promote neuronal death, identifying them as key contributors to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage.
1380h agoNUAK1 regulates alternative splicing in developing cortical neurons by phosphorylating the splicing co-factor SON, which is crucial for neurodevelopment.
1404h agoA multipronged approach is needed to realize the potential of mental health AI applications, including representative AI datasets, research practices that address potential bias, stakeholder engagement, and equitable design practices.
1408h agoComputational psychiatry offers new insights into the future of mental health care by tackling key challenges such as privacy concerns and the ethical use of artificial intelligence.
1408h agoGamma, theta, and delta neural oscillations guide word recognition by providing temporal windows for integrating bottom-up input with top-down information.
1408h agoComputational psychiatry delivers causal evidence by focusing on interventions research and clinical trials, which could improve patient outcomes through better precision, repurposing, novel interventions, scaling of psychotherapy, and translation to the clinic.
1408h agoIntegrating computational methods with brain-based data helps improve diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized care in psychiatry by capturing individual neurobiological variation.
1408h agoLarge language models enhance psychotherapy through accessibility, personalization, and engagement by taking on different roles that vary in autonomy and emotional engagement.
1408h agoA flexible AI-based method compresses microscopy images while preserving critical details, supporting task-specific optimization and arbitrary-resolution decompression.
1408h agoDeveloping privacy-aware mental health AI systems requires balancing privacy risks with utility through a pipeline approach that includes solutions and evaluation frameworks.
1408h agoVagal nerve stimulation produces stronger effects on brain activity in older adults than in younger adults, with older adults showing increased pupil size and reduced responses to visual tasks.
1408h agoChanges in neural tuning are the primary driver of improved population representations in visual attention.
1408h agoSchizophrenia patients show reduced activation in brain networks associated with self-referential processing, specifically in the default mode network, compared to controls.
1408h agoNotch signaling in a subset of glial cells is essential for forming short-term memory and is modulated by dopaminergic signaling, which is disrupted by sleep deprivation.
1408h agoNATO3 gene transfer prevents dopamine neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease models by improving autophagic flux and clearing abnormal protein buildup.
1408h agoTheta oscillations coordinate the motor control that enables fluent speech by structuring sequential sensorimotor activations.
1408h agoPunishment drives faster updates of beliefs in uncertain environments, but does not lead to better outcomes, and distinct neural mechanisms underlie reward and punishment learning.
1408h agoHippocampal potassium dynamics show subregional modulation and circadian specificity, with the ventral hippocampus clearing potassium faster than the dorsal hippocampus.
1408h agoTissue-like neural models have a more complex protein makeup that closely resembles the human brain and are better suited for studying neuronal maturation and circuit assembly than simple cell lines.
1408h agoDopamine optimises not just cumulative rewards, but also a penalty for deviating from a default behavioural policy, which enables optimal learning, fast adaptation, and stable control in complex environments.
1408h agoThe brain recalibrates its sense of position and direction by adjusting its internal map to match external cues, and this process happens differently depending on whether the body is moving or still.
1408h agoLow-dose lipopolysaccharide preconditioning prevents social behavioral deficits caused by systemic inflammation through microglia-dependent mechanisms in mice.
1408h agoMutations in the U8 small nucleolar RNA cause leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts by differentially impairing U8 processing, activity, and stability.
1408h agoRapid cooling and elevated extracellular potassium can trigger a wave of neuronal hyperactivity called spreading depression in the brains of flies.
1408h agoLarp1 protein is essential for maintaining brain growth and function, and its loss leads to decreased brain mass, reduced neuron density, and severe impairments in spatial learning and memory.
1408h agoOlder hearing-impaired listeners have elevated thresholds for detecting spectro-temporal modulation, especially at higher spectral rates, and auditory models underestimate group differences and individual variability in these thresholds.
1408h agoInternal models help people make decisions in uncertain environments by filtering out irrelevant information and focusing on goal-relevant details, and this process is linked to changes in attention, neural representations, and brain activity.
1408h agoThe APPA673T mutation does not reduce tau pathology or behavioural deficits in mice that overexpress a form of tau associated with neurodegeneration.
1408h agoSaccades that are locked to alpha oscillations lead to better neural representation of visual information, which improves the formation of episodic memories.
1408h agoNeurabin regulates motor learning by limiting the function of glutamatergic synapses in direct-pathway medium spiny neurons in the striatum, particularly in male mice.
1408h agoChildren with Fragile X syndrome have impaired statistical learning, which affects their ability to extract patterns from sensory input and integrate syllables into word representations.
1408h agoNon-painful cool stimulation activates the somatosensory cortex in neonatal mice during the first week of life, and this processing is disrupted in a genetic model of autism.
1408h agoSevoflurane anesthesia causes neural activity in the posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex to transition between high-firing "Up" states and near-silent "Down" states, with deeper anesthesia extending Down states and suppressing mean firing rates.
1408h agoThe brain predicts what will happen next by combining high-level long-term expectations and low-level short-term information to smoothly navigate a changing world.
1412h agoThe physical properties of the brain, specifically viscoelasticity, highly impact the behavior of oligodendrocytes, with changes in stress-relaxation and shear moduli affecting their differentiation, branching ability, and metabolic activity.
1412h agoSinusoidal radiofrequency electromagnetic fields amplitude-modulated in the extremely low frequency range have inconsistent effects on neuronal activity, and protocol improvements are needed for more reliable results.
1412h agoSelective attention reshapes neural population geometry in a context- and category-dependent manner, with geometric changes closely reflecting behavior.
1412h agoAutism spectrum disorder is characterized by focal and idiosyncratic brain organization deviations that vary from person to person, with individuals showing extreme regional deviations that align with specific cortical hierarchies.
1412h agoMultivariate decoding analyses can be ambiguous when assessing neural representation stability over time, but a new approach based on the geometry of learned linear coefficients can provide a clearer understanding of how neural representations evolve in space and time.
1412h agoSpinal cord cell types are highly conserved across species during development but diverge in adults, particularly in the superficial dorsal spinal cord of mammals.
1412h agoBasal endfeet of radial glial cells contain a rich set of RNA transcripts, including a critical Dynein component, that regulate cell morphology and organization of neurons and glia.
1412h agoAdding musical cues to short-term visuomotor training increases grey matter in auditory areas and changes motor areas in young adults.
1412h agoBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) regulate the transport of signalling endosomes in motor neurons, but other neurotrophic factors have no effect.
1412h agoHyperactivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorder is marked by irregular activity patterns, increased activity during certain times, and associations with stress responses, which can be effectively replicated in a non-human primate model.
1416h agoMethylglyoxal regulates C-fibre activity-dependent slowing differently in males and females, and this regulation influences pain sensitivity to heat in males.
1416h agoA novel gel-plastic coupling device was developed to support double-blind protocols in low-intensity focused ultrasound studies by transmitting or blocking ultrasound energy while maintaining visual and tactile indistinguishability.
1420h agoMice with a specific genetic background develop severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease, and show related deficits in blood flow, metabolism, and small vessel morphology.
1428h agoCGRP neurons in the parabrachial nucleus consist of two distinct populations that are responsible for different stages of post-ingestive learning, one responding to appetitive signals during ingestion and the other to aversive visceral cues.
1428h agoA data-driven approach identifies neural biomarkers of risk-taking from brain recordings, achieving 68.5% accuracy in distinguishing between risk-taking and risk-avoidance behaviors.
1428h agoMitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ganglion cells triggers their degeneration through a process that involves both intrinsic cellular stress and extrinsic immune responses.
1428h agoInteroceptive attention increases activity in the bilateral dorsal mid-insula, especially in upper cortical layers, compared to exteroceptive attention.
1428h agoThe hypothalamus's subregions governing metabolism, stress, and circadian rhythms change in volume and gene expression during aging and Alzheimer's Disease, with specific cell types showing inflammatory and transcriptional alterations.
1428h agoRepeated exposure to irrelevant stimuli allows people to learn to suppress them by rapidly transforming their representation in the brain, enabling them to focus on relevant targets.
1428h agoThe Neural Response Function (NRF) models brain activity as a continuous function over anatomical space, allowing it to predict fMRI-measured brain responses to natural images more accurately and efficiently than conventional models.
1432h agoThe primate brain transforms complex visual scenes into coherent perceptual experiences by encoding and representing visual information through distributed neural populations in the ventral visual stream.
1432h agoThe cerebral cortex's responsiveness to stimulation depends on its state, and this relationship is outlined at different scales from cellular to macroscale levels.
1432h agoBrain-computer interfaces work better for post-stroke rehabilitation when patients imagine moving their affected hand instead of comparing left and right hand movements, and shorter training sessions produce better results.
1432h agoA method converts 24 channels of psychophysiologic data into 3D coordinates that estimate participation in specific tasks and cognitive states.
1432h agoTraveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of spatio-temporal activity patterns.
1432h agoLanguage experience reorganizes visual category representations in artificial neural networks, making them more distributed and semantically aligned.
1432h agoThe human social vision pathway encodes facial expressions and motion as deviations from a neutral expression prototype during natural social interactions.
1432h agoNeuroAI combines insights from brain function with artificial intelligence to design intelligent systems, and its central area, synthetic biological intelligence, integrates biological neural networks with engineered hardware and software.
1432h agoAxonal growth integrates guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations to navigate and connect to target cells.
1432h agoCoherence resonance and equilibrium states enhance population survival and environmental quality by tightly clustering cooperator groups in a three-state system.
1432h agoA physical system's ability to perform universal computation does not guarantee that it can support self-replicating objects, as shown by a constructed cellular automaton that is Turing-universal but cannot sustain non-trivial self-replication.
1432h agoTraveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of spatio-temporal activity patterns.
1432h agoAdding stochastic resetting to chaotic dynamics causes the Lyapunov spectrum to abruptly collapse to zero above a critical resetting rate.
1432h agoA decoder for fault-tolerant error correction in topological codes operates without global control, achieving a memory lifetime that scales as a stretched exponential in the system size, with a threshold error rate of approximately 1.5%.
1432h agoModulating scattering lengths in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates creates transient Faraday patterns and spin textures with distinct characteristics depending on the modulation frequency and dimensionality.
1432h agoThe Walsh-quantized baker's maps typically have matrix element fluctuations that follow an asymptotically Gaussian distribution in the semiclassical limit, with variance determined by classical correlations, for all scaling factors except 4.
1432h agoElimination of a fast variable reduces the characterization of stochastic dynamics with small inertia to a single variable, providing a rigorous mathematical description for the overdamped limit and the overactive limit of active Brownian particles.
1432h agoIn a two-dimensional photonic lattice with Kerr nonlinearity, the interplay between self-trapping and directional propagation leads to position-dependent amplitude thresholds for wave localization.
1432h agoQuantum Hamiltonians with hopping terms determined by the weighted adjacency matrix of a balanced, symmetric, bipartite graph are Yang-Baxter integrable, admitting a set of mutually commuting operators.
1432h agoAxonal growth integrates guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations to navigate and connect to target cells.
1432h agoThe Riemann hierarchy's deformations that meet certain requirements are universal objects in the space of deformations, and its classification reveals links to other mathematical constructions.
1432h agoChaotic synchronization occurs in two coherently coupled dissipative time crystals, marked by a positive largest Lyapunov exponent and a Pearson correlation coefficient close to one.
1432h agoA machine learning approach improves the accuracy of encoding time-series data in physical reservoir computing by optimizing the operation conditions of thin-film transistors.
1432h agoThe SCS neural model exhibits a richer phase diagram with four regimes, including quiescent, asynchronous chaos, persistent-activity, and synchronous-chaotic phases, when its balanced positive and negative couplings are broken.
1432h agoMany-body localization and spectra in non-Hermitian many-body systems show a coexistence of static and dynamic spectral real-complex phase transitions and many-body ergodic-localized phase transitions.
1432h agoExposed surfaces in systems of randomly placed impermeable grains change from sheaths around clusters of particles to tunnels through the system at a density threshold intermediate between the low and high density boundaries of percolating surfaces.
1432h agoMachine learning model learnability marks phase transitions in the two-dimensional Ising model, with ordered phases showing enhanced learnability and disordered phases resisting learning.
1432h agoEntanglement entropy growth in non-ergodic systems shows a non-monotonic dependence on initial entanglement, peaking for moderately entangled initial states.
1432h agoA block-diagonal quantum geometric tensor improves the optimization of neural quantum states by preserving essential curvature, removing noisy correlations, and enabling faster convergence and lower energy.
1432h agoGlassiness in physics obstructs stable quantum algorithms for Gibbs sampling, causing them to fail in capturing a structural phase transition in the Gibbs state.
1432h agoA hybrid Molecular Dynamics and Variance-Constrained Semi-Grand Canonical approach enables the generation of metallic glass samples with realistic properties at supercooled states, enhancing relaxation and modeling of complex metallic glasses.
1432h agoThe Derrida's Generalized Random Energy Model can be interpreted as a random numerical base, linking number theory and kernel theory through a kernel representation of the Primon gas.
1432h agoThe study finds that a quasi-static approximation captures the imaginary-time dependence of order parameters in quantum spin glass models, and estimates critical transverse field values for several models.
1432h agoA new class of generative models unifies flow-based and diffusion-based methods by using stochastic interpolants to bridge any two probability density functions exactly in finite time.
1432h agoThe melting of silver iodide in two dimensions proceeds through a hexatic phase with both continuous and discontinuous transitions.
1432h agoTopological invariants, such as Chern and winding numbers, can be defined in real space using the local Chern marker and spectral localizer invariant, and these definitions are equivalent.
1432h agoLocal measurements can generate volume-law entangled states between different parts of a system purely through non-unitary measurement dynamics.
1432h agoThe hippocampus and subcortical nuclei communicate in a state-dependent, bidirectional way, with top-down hippocampal output dominating during quiescent states and bottom-up subcortical modulation dominating during activated states.
1432h agoWild-caught prairie voles have better hearing than laboratory-reared ones, with lower hearing thresholds at several frequencies, and differences in brain response to sound.
1432h agoThe method of brain slice preparation affects the quality of the brain slice, with transcardial perfusion and sucrose artificial cerebrospinal fluid producing the optimal preparation by preserving inhibitory GABAergic neurons.
1436h agoAuditory information heavily controls the activity of neurons that produce neuropeptide S, which are involved in circadian function and threat responses.
1436h agoSample sizes of around 500 are needed to obtain replicable results in brain-behaviour analyses, but targeting specific subpopulations can reduce the required sample size to much fewer.
1436h agoNeuronal TRPM2 acts as a pain sensor that directly transduces acute and chronic pain independently of inflammation.
1436h agoThe dominant limb performs better in motor skill tasks mainly because of life-long practice with that side, not due to an intrinsic advantage in the controlling hemisphere of the brain.
1436h agoGLP-1R agonist semaglutide suppresses voluntary activity in mice by decreasing motivation, and changes dopamine dynamics in the nucleus accumbens.
1436h agoA transformer-based model consistently localizes brain activity more accurately than other approaches, even in noisy EEG data with varied source region densities and electrode configurations.
1440h agoPeople use two distinct strategies to gather information when making decisions: they either test one option several times before switching, or sample where uncertainty is greatest, and both strategies improve decision accuracy.
1440h agoHippocampal neuron numbers do not limit spatial navigation in the wild, and their diversity across mammals arises from clade-specific scaling of cortical neurons, not from navigational demands.
1440h agoA mutation in the Nckx30c gene disrupts calcium homeostasis, leading to temperature-sensitive convulsions, neurodegeneration, and a shortened lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.
1440h agoThe posterior part of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex supports inferring the current value of options, while the anterior part supports learning of stimulus-outcome associations.
1440h agoThe control of upper limb movements involves selectively controlling some joints, with proximal joints like the shoulder and elbow regulating the task space and distal joints like the wrist regulating joint redundancy.
1440h agoTraumatic brain injury disrupts astrocyte calcium dynamics, impairs mitochondrial function, and alters gene expression in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes.
1440h agoIncreased cortical myelination in right frontal brain areas is linked to value-free random exploration, a key factor in individual differences in decision-making strategies.
1440h agoThe connectome of the male Drosophila central nervous system reveals that sex-specific and dimorphic neurons are concentrated in higher brain centres, with male-specific connections organised into hotspots that control opposing behaviours.
1440h agoBlocking p75NTR function in certain brain cells reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms and pathology, even when done at advanced disease stages.
1440h agoInfants who died from SIDS have increased activity of Hypocretin/Orexin neurons, especially those aged 2-6 months, while Histamine neurons do not appear to be involved.
1444h agoCannabis use is associated with higher psychosis symptoms, and lower glutamate levels in the brain are linked to more severe symptoms in cannabis users.
1444h agoThe inferior temporal cortex encodes information for both object recognition and image memorability, which rely on partly independent dimensions of representation.
1444h agoImbalances in neuronal excitatory and inhibitory functions are linked to cognitive performance and decline in Alzheimer's disease through neuropathological burden and specific genes and proteins.
1444h agoCentral NLRP3 inhibition leads to sustained weight loss in obese mice by reducing food intake and hypothalamic neuroinflammation, and enhances the effects of the obesity treatment semaglutide.
1444h agoThe Dream2Image dataset combines EEG signals, dream transcriptions, and AI-generated images to provide a new resource for studying the neural correlates of dreaming and decoding dreams from brain activity.
1456h agoA model called Consciousness as Entropy Reduction proposes that consciousness works by simulating the outside world through an internal model, allowing for economical problem-solving and adaptability.
1456h agoEEG data shows that brain activity becomes more similar to the pattern of a random event sequence as people learn to predict the sequence.
1456h agoDiffusion-based renormalization helps model the dynamics of neural systems across multiple scales by generating symmetry-breaking representations and offering scalable algorithms.
1456h agoHidden hearing loss disrupts auditory coding, and speech with rapid and dense sounds is best for detecting this condition.
1456h agoThe intensity of spontaneous neural activity in white matter, measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, is more sensitive to functional variability than traditional functional connectivity, and shows a spatial gradient ascending from the brainstem to the cortex.
1456h agoMainen and Sejnowski's 1995 paper introduced reliability and precision measures that led to new methods for analyzing spike trains, including measures of synchrony, direction, and time-scale independence.
1456h agoCombining representations from large language models, video encoders, audio models, and vision-language models predicts fMRI brain responses to movie stimuli.
1456h agoTiny variations in initial conditions of Navier-Stokes equations can lead to huge differences in spatiotemporal trajectory, flow symmetry, and statistics, suggesting that Navier-Stokes turbulence might be an ultra-chaos.
1456h agoThe coupling between light and matter in a planar waveguide causes transverse instability in two-component solitons, leading to different patterns such as high-intensity spots or vortex-antivortex pairs.
1456h agoA numerical solution using a Crank-Nicolson scheme solves the Korteweg-de Vries equation, and its performance compares to the Fast Fourier Transform method.
1456h agoPrejudice drives persistent polarization in public opinion on environmental issues, and reducing it or increasing openness to opposing views can help decrease polarization.
1456h agoThe representation theory of infinite-dimensional quantum groups connects with cluster categorification and quantum integrable models.
1456h agoFermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-like recurrence occurs in weakly damped, periodically driven alpha-FPUT chains, where energy is exchanged among a few low-frequency modes over long timescales.
1456h agoSoliton and breather interactions in the integrable discrete Manakov system result in changes to their forms and polarizations, with fundamental solitons turning into breathers, and breathers interacting with shifts in polarization or producing solitons and breathers.
1456h agoDeveloping data-driven models that capture responses to external perturbations requires identifying proper variables to model and accurate stochastic parameterizations of unresolved processes.
1456h agoReflection maps on geometrical objects are smoothly conjugate to the composite of permutation maps with corresponding reduced Yang-Baxter maps.
1456h agoThe universal limiting correlation kernels of the Muttalib-Borodin ensembles with integer parameter $\theta \geq 2$ are found at $0$ in the transitive regime between the hard edge and soft edge regimes.
1456h agoThe number of equilibrium states in networked systems of coordinating and anti-coordinating individuals can be extremely large and increases exponentially with minor alterations to the network structure.
1456h agoNon-topological solitons in two-dimensional conformal field theory have a trivial spectrum of linear perturbations with only symmetry-related zero modes.
1456h agoRelativistic corrections are important for studying the stability of 2D non-topological solitons with quartic self-interaction, and their violation of conformal symmetry leads to exponentially growing modes.
1456h agoThe transmission lines made of nonlinear inductors and capacitors can produce shock waves with constant voltage and current values before and after the wave front, and these shock waves can be analytic solutions with strong dissipation or dispersive waves with weak dissipation.
1456h agoAnalog optical computing can overcome limitations on computational efficiency in optimization problems by using a photonic optimizer unit with in-memory computation and a multi-agent cooperative framework.
1456h agoRGFlow, a deep neural network-based framework, learns real-space renormalization group transformations from data and identifies critical points and exponents in scalar field theories.
1456h agoA novel mechanism, called exceptional-bound band engineering, allows topological transitions in non-Hermitian systems to be controlled by the system size.
1456h agoHigher effective dimension in quantum neural networks results in better trainability and performance when the model is unbiased towards the function to be learned, but lower effective dimension is beneficial during training when the model is biased.
1456h agoDiffusion codes, constructed by acting on a graph with a random SWAP network, can achieve a tradeoff between randomness and locality, and codes defined on a cycle graph with a deep enough SWAP network are almost surely lossless vertex expanders with bounded degree and small stabilizer size.
1456h agoThe study generalizes exponential random graphs to include interactions between links, and finds that pairwise interactions allow for a closed-form renormalization group transformation, while higher interactions do not.
1456h agoThe Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain with random fields has a two-parameter flow with a line of fixed points, indicating a many-body localized phase that terminates at the localization transition critical point.
1456h agoMachine learning techniques can aid the simulation of hard-to-sample systems, and a complete analytic study of Sequential Tempering applied to a shallow MADE architecture provides a clear theoretical basis for its integration into Monte Carlo sampling and optimization.
1456h agoChildren's ability to throw improves with age due to reorganization of muscle coordination, not an increase in the number of muscle groups used.
1456h agoNovel compounds targeting the serotonin type 4 receptor reduce stress-induced maladaptive behaviors in mice when given before or after stress.
1456h agoCognitive disturbance and movement disorder independently cause hyposmia, and having both leads to severe hyposmia, through distinct processes involving atrophy in the medial temporal lobe and olfactory bulb.
1460h agoDifferences in microvasculature between mice and humans influence the hemodynamic response, leading to observable differences in timing, including a delayed fMRI response peak in humans compared to mice.
1460h agoAUTS2 plays a central role in human neurodevelopment by regulating gene expression, and its disruption leads to intellectual disability, microcephaly, and autistic behavior through impaired Wnt signaling.
1460h agoOscillatory tDCS produced the largest effects on brain network states, reorganizing them in a unique way that combined the influences of constant and oscillatory current waveforms.
1460h agoDirectly modulating movement-related beta event-related synchronization with a novel stimulation approach improves retention of motor adaptation and establishes a causal link between this neural activity and motor behavior.
1460h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances attention by boosting the brain's response to new situations, leading to faster reaction times, more consistent responses, and better focus.
1460h agoSleep deprivation impairs the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli in brain, by disrupting specific neural connections and activity, through a mechanism involving certain potassium channels.
1460h agoGeneralizable articulatory features can be extracted from a group of speakers and used to reconstruct articulatory features from brain data of able-bodied individuals with high accuracy.
1460h agoElevated parathyroid hormone levels affect behavior and metabolism through the central nervous system, influencing locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and energy expenditure.
1460h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder show different responses to natural reward cues, with some being more responsive and others less responsive, which may reflect changes in natural reward processing.
1460h agoIndividuals with 22q11.2 deletion have reduced cerebellar volumes, while those with 22q11.2 duplication have modest and variable cerebellar alterations, and both conditions affect cerebellar structure but with distinct functional consequences.
1464h agoAcetaminophen exposure at therapeutic concentrations has modest effects on transcription, but does not alter growth, structure, or function of developing cortical organoids.
1464h agoIncorporating certain pollutants into neuronal membranes can theoretically lead to epileptic activity by increasing membrane micro-viscosity, which in turn can generate abnormal electrical discharges.
1464h agoThe insertion of a retrotransposon within the TAF1 gene leads to X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism (XDP) by causing oligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelin loss.
1468h agoMicroglia in Alzheimer's disease mice show early changes in structure and activation, with males and females having different microglia responses in certain brain areas before plaque deposition occurs.
1468h agoA novel multi-camera array scanner parallelizes imaging through 48 objective lenses and sensors, reducing acquisition times by 95% compared to commercial imagers, and improves efficiency for measuring organoid growth rates and responses to treatments.
1468h agoThe development of habitual cocaine-seeking behavior is not associated with changes in postsynaptic strength of D2 medium spiny neurons in the dorsolateral striatum.
1472h agoBasic linear machine learning models can effectively classify brain states with state-of-the-art accuracy, particularly for motor functions and language processing, by identifying distinct brain regions associated with specific cognitive functions.
1476h agoThe cerebral cortex displays different activity patterns that change over time depending on the brain state, and these states range from sleep and wakefulness to states caused by drugs or pathological conditions.
1476h agoA tensor-based method provides identifiability guarantees for learning mixtures of linear dynamical systems and, when combined with EM updates, offers a reliable approach to modeling complex neural data.
1476h agoOptimal transport provides a more effective way to align brain signals with stimulus signals, enabling more precise matching and state-of-the-art performance in brain signal decoding.
1476h agoThe perception of audiovisual motion is dominated by vision and is shaped by top-down attention, with visual motion direction estimates being more reliable than auditory ones and audiovisual estimates being superior to either modality alone.
1476h agoA computational model of visual attention predicts eye gaze and manual responses in virtual reality, bridging the gap between restricted desktop search tasks and real-world search behaviors.
1476h agoGABA disperses rapidly from release sites via diffusion and accumulates in the extracellular space, where it takes hundreds of milliseconds for transporters to remove it, allowing it to activate and desensitize nearby receptors.
1476h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregation in the appendix is linked to synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease, and may contribute to their development through dysregulated protein folding, immune responses, and ciliary dynamics.
1476h agoSuppressing the phototransduction cascade in cone cells abolishes Off-pathway signaling, reduces high-frequency visual sensitivity, and alters how retinal ganglion cells respond to visual stimuli.
1476h agoRecurrent attractor networks in the fly navigation center combine stability and rapid switching through a mechanism of slow excitation and fast inhibition, allowing the network to act as a gate for writing measurements to memory.
1476h agoThe locus coeruleus helps drive negative biases in attention by changing brain responses to angry faces, but not happy faces, when a person is more alert.
1476h agoHigher-order interactions in networked systems lead to new phenomena that emerge when nonpairwise interactions are considered.
1480h agoThe theory of integrable systems with symmetries focuses on toric and semitoric systems, which are classified using decorated polygons.
1480h agoFrequency-weighted interactions drive three distinct collective states in a model of one-dimensional swarmalators, specifically an asynchronous state, a phase-wave state, and a bistrip mixed state.
1480h agoSelf-reproduction in growing-dividing autocatalytic systems emerges when the system's growth dynamics and division strategy are mutually compatible.
1480h agoThe topological Kuramoto model exhibits multistability, with the number of coexisting stable states determined by winding number constraints on cell complexes such as rings, Platonic solids, and simplexes.
1480h agoHeterogeneity and diffusion in oscillatory media convert degenerate cluster dynamics into robust pattern selection through frequency entrainment and amplitude adaptation.
1480h agoA new algorithm uses synchronization to efficiently tune climate models, reducing errors in climatology by optimizing internal model parameters and ensemble weights.
1480h agoKinks with long-range tails on both sides exhibit resonance windows through an energy exchange mechanism that occurs via the excitation of quasinormal modes.
1480h agoTrader beliefs with inequality or asymmetry affect price dynamics in a binary asset market, with market bubbles emerging when powerful traders have outsize influence and inter-agent communication is allowed.
1480h agoThe Koopman operator framework reveals that computational properties of dynamical systems are reflected in operator spectra, invariant subspaces, and algebraic structures.
1480h agoThe behavior of groups changes abruptly at certain critical numbers of individuals, which often arise from competing feedbacks that scale differently with group size.
1480h agoKP solitons are expressed as singular limits of shifted Riemann theta functions and are obtained by degenerating finite-gap solutions associated with Schottky groups.
1480h agoPolygonal dynamics systems tend to have generic orbits that collapse towards a predictable point.
1480h agoNonlinear transmission lines with dissipative elements can produce shock waves with constant voltage and current values before and after the wave front.
1480h agoHigher-order interactions in networked systems lead to new phenomena that emerge when nonpairwise interactions are considered.
1480h agoDeep convolutional neural networks have lower disorder and more ordered behavior than expected, with their associated graphs showing proximity to structural balance.
1480h agoDisordered quantum codes, called "cored product codes", can exist in three dimensions and show increasing memory lifetime with system size below a critical temperature.
1480h agoA model glass retains a memory of the amplitude of random shearing sequences used during training, which can be retrieved through different read-out protocols.
1480h agoSpintronics enables energy-efficient neuromorphic computing by integrating synapses and neurons into a single platform with field-free spin orbit torque control, allowing for programmable synaptic weights and stochastic neurons.
1480h agoAnalytical expressions estimate the critical properties of inhomogeneous Ising models with ferromagnetic interactions.
1480h agoDeep neural networks learn by exploiting the underlying latent structure in data, which is made possible by the locality and compositionality of data, tasks, and deep learning representations.
1480h agoSensory information biases perceptual judgments when detecting visual changes after eye movements, and a computational model can account for these biases and individual differences in visual perception.
1484h agoMitoxantrone hydrochloride stops the progression of Parkinson's disease by suppressing protein accumulation and neuron loss, and reversing motor deficits in mouse models.
1484h agoFetal alcohol spectrum disorders show altered brain development, which can be measured by a new imaging technique called magnetic resonance elastography that detects changes in brain tissue, and early alcohol exposure affects brain stiffness in juvenile rats.
1484h agoMicroglia transplanted into the brain can spread widely, produce a therapeutic protein, and functionally integrate with the host brain, and expressing a constitutively active CSF1R mutant helps them outcompete host cells.
1484h agoAn expanded G4C2 repeat in the C9orf72 gene causes neurodegenerative effects in glial cells, leading to cell-intrinsic toxicity, activation of an endogenous retrovirus, and non-cell autonomous effects that harm nearby neurons.
1484h agoMotor activity helps people perceive music by predicting the timing of notes, and this prediction happens at the single-note level after just a short period of training.
1484h agoAbsence seizures impair signals in the anterior insular cortex, disrupting auditory conscious awareness, while leaving primary auditory cortex responses intact.
1484h agoThe larvae of Nematostella vectensis use a constant ciliary sensory-motor system and gradually developing sensory and neuronal structures to integrate internal and external information and adjust their swimming behavior for efficient dispersal.
1484h agoChronic pain changes the activity of specific brain cells and their connections, leading to distinct changes in the brain's sensorimotor integration over time, with different cell types contributing to different stages of pain.
1484h agoThe brain accesses stored knowledge through a process similar to foraging in physical space, with the hippocampus playing a key role in navigating semantic memory.
1484h agoThe risk of punishment changes the activity of neurons in the basolateral amygdala, which helps animals switch their choices to avoid risk and adapt to changing situations.
1484h agoPhosphatase PP2A dephosphorylates LRRK2 to reduce its kinase activity, while LRRK2 in turn phosphorylates and inhibits PP2A, creating a regulatory feedback loop that may contribute to Parkinson's disease.
1484h agoThe brain predicts the future position of a moving object based on its motion history, with longer motion sequences leading to more accurate localization, and this effect is spatially confined to each half of the visual field.
1484h agoBone conduction parallel auditory brainstem responses are feasible and produce similar waveforms to air conduction responses, with clear responses and similar residual noise for both transducers.
1484h agoThe hippocampus plays a key role in working memory when the memory load exceeds capacity, with different parts of the hippocampus contributing to different types of memory and strategy.
1484h agoParkinsonism-Dementia Complex researchers create a human model using patient-derived stem cells to study the disease and its links to environmental and genetic factors.
1484h agoNeuromodulators serotonin and acetylcholine modulate the M-current in primary motoneurons of larval zebrafish in an age-dependent manner, influencing repetitive firing.
1484h agoSerotonin imbalance affects the number of neurons producing neuropeptide Y in the amygdala, which may contribute to anxiety-like behavior.
1484h agoLepRHypo neurons have 39 distinct subtypes with unique molecular signatures and regulatory elements that may influence energy balance and obesity susceptibility.
1484h agoThe neocortex can rapidly learn new information, even without prior knowledge, and changes occur in specific areas of the brain depending on the type of learning.
1484h agoRepetitive magnetic stimulation reduces inflammation, demyelination, and long-term disabilities in a mouse model of spinal cord injury, with effects varying by sex and timing of treatment.
1484h agoThe brain's ability to recombine existing knowledge in new ways depends on interactions between cortical and cerebellar regions, with specialised components supporting specific processes and a distributed network enabling general recombination.
1484h agoAlcohol consumption changes the expression of specific genes in the nervous system that may contribute to the development of painful peripheral neuropathy.
1484h agoThe TI-Toolbox, an open-source software platform, integrates neuroimaging tools and specialized algorithms to automate the complete temporal interference research pipeline, from data preprocessing to electric field analysis.
1484h agoAdults learning a foreign language can make rapid behavioral improvements with training, and short-term training induces gains in language skills and neural changes.
1484h agoBrain activity can reconstruct sound properties of speech, including spectral descriptors beyond the amplitude envelope, with linear decoders performing as well as non-linear decoders in capturing the EEG response to speech.
1484h agoA specific type of taste receptor helps animals avoid excessive sodium intake by detecting high sodium levels and this receptor's sensitivity to sodium is adjusted based on the animal's internal state of sodium need or satiety.
1484h agoDisulfide bonds in the GluN1 subunit are essential for normal trafficking and function of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, and their disruption alters receptor properties and increases excitotoxicity.
1484h agoTemperature and pH changes affect the excitability of stomach muscles in crabs, and two-pore domain potassium channels help stabilize muscle function despite these environmental fluctuations.
1484h agoThe ventral tegmental area's GABA cells can undergo two types of plasticity, iLTP and iLTD, which are input-specific and differently affected by cocaine, impacting reward processing and potential therapeutic targets for drug dependence.
1488h agoA new biosensor called hpGRISZ directly measures zinc transients in the brain, revealing zinc dynamics across different brain regions and neuronal circuits.
1488h agoChronic neuropathic pain causes a selective deficit in mesolimbic dopamine neurons, impairing their ability to sustain burst firing, which leads to motivational deficits.
1488h agoBrief periods of cortical silence, marked by slow waves, punctuate everyday actions and occur more frequently during active smartphone use than during rest.
1488h agoApathy in neurological disease is linked to reduced precision of prior beliefs about action outcomes, which is associated with lower GABAergic gain in prefrontal neurons.
1488h agoNeurons with higher Fos expression are more likely to become place cells in new environments and maintain stable encoding of environmental boundaries.
1488h agoColour information is robustly decodable from EEG signals recorded during natural vision and combining colour and object information improves neural decoding performance.
1488h agoCnpy1, a protein exclusively expressed in the ER of Go neurons, is essential for their survival and signaling, and its deletion leads to reduced male-male aggressive behavior.
1488h agoHuman brains construct distinct and stable global rankings from few-shot learning of partial comparisons, even when based on identical information.
1488h agoIndividual neuron activity in the mouse gustatory cortex plays a crucial role in population dynamics and behavioral performance during decision-making by representing sensory information, perception, and decisions through linear and categorical activity patterns.
1488h agoA memristor-based hardware system accelerates genomic analysis of pathogenic viruses by a factor of 51 while reducing energy consumption to 0.2% of conventional methods.
1492h agoImpaired myelopoiesis and monocyte development limit the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the brain, contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression.
1492h agoThe Generalized Eigenvalue De-Artifacting Instrument (GEDAI) algorithm effectively denoises highly contaminated EEG recordings by selectively removing noise and artifacts, outperforming existing techniques in simulations and enhancing neurobehavioral predictions.
1496h agoConstraining gait rhythm with a metronome reduces long-range autocorrelations in stride durations, and removing the metronome allows these autocorrelations to recover.
1496h agoDistinct classes of pallidal neurons modulate striatal circuits through complementary pathways, with FoxP2-expressing neurons primarily targeting indirect pathway spiny projection neurons and cholinergic interneurons, and Nkx2-1-expressing neurons preferentially innervating parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons.
1496h agoThe auditory system's maturation follows different patterns for low and high frequency speech sounds from childhood to early adulthood, and these patterns relate to speech understanding.
1496h agoAge-related decline damages dopamine inputs to the lateral entorhinal cortex, which may contribute to memory impairments in aging.
1496h agoQT-NIRS channel pruning method produces higher signal-to-noise ratio than CV pruning in infant fNIRS data while retaining similar amounts of data.
1496h agoAstrocytes in the auditory cortex exhibit feature-selective receptive fields, encoding diverse sensory features that partially overlap with, but are not identical to, those encoded by neurons.
1496h agoAggression recruits specific brain networks, with males showing broad strengthening of connections between cortex, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and females showing targeted changes in sensory and arousal networks.
1496h agoThe subplate's thickness, surface area, and volume change with gestational age and vary by region, with distinct growth patterns and asymmetries that may serve as early biomarkers for later cortical development and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
1496h agoThe basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons distinctly respond to social and food rewards, with different response profiles in males and females, and their activity is influenced by internal state and reward omission.
1496h agoLarger surface area in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and other regions, including the orbitofrontal and temporal cortices, predicts higher intelligence, and higher intelligence also contributes to increased surface area in certain areas.
1496h agoThe neural grid code changes to match behavioral goals at context transitions, but rapid adaptation of behavior is more closely related to representations of target identity and location in other brain areas.
1496h agoNeto limits the presynaptic accumulation and function of KaiR1D autoreceptors, modulates their gating properties, and promotes neurotransmitter release.
1496h agoHypoperfusion worsens amyloid-induced damage to brain endothelial cells, leading to increased cell death, barrier instability, inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis.
1496h agoA novel cognitive architecture uses local learning rules to structure episodic memories into cognitive maps, enabling artificial agents to learn and organize memories in a biologically plausible way.
1504h agoMemristors help model synaptic connections in neural networks by mimicking synaptic plasticity and memory effects.
1504h agoA novel atlas-free brain network transformer approach produces more precise, robust, and generalizable brain network analyses than traditional atlas-based methods by leveraging individualized brain parcellations from subject-specific fMRI data.
1504h agoThe Centaur model of human behavior is a path towards a unified model of behavior without cognition, rather than a unified theory of cognition.
1504h agoBrain stimulation of higher-level visual areas can evoke complex object representations, and a new computational framework guides this stimulation to reliably produce object-level percepts.
1504h agoA minimal agent-based model reproduces larval zebrafish hunting behaviors, including eye pursuit and approach trajectories, by balancing energetic costs with sensory benefits.
1504h agoConsciousness exists when substrate units have cause-effect power, allowing them to ensure a range of possible states and increase the probability of a specific state.
1504h agoIntegrated information increases during belief updating when sensory inputs are most informative, and it correlates with Bayesian surprise, not with model efficiency.
1504h agoA novel reconstruction framework estimates effective heterogeneity and asymmetric network connections from neural activity, revealing how local heterogeneity and excitatory-inhibitory interactions impact directionality estimation.
1504h agoThe human mind represents probability through rational inference over noisy neural encoding, which accurately explains people's behavior in uncertain situations.
1504h agoGraphical domination theorems ensure that removing dominated nodes from a network does not change its fixed points, and result in a unique final graph.
1504h agoA neural network model using LSTM and attention mechanism can correct errors in multi-class classification of face images with unbalanced samples, particularly for rare classes.
1504h agoA new method for audio feature extraction produces more interpretable representations and outperforms a top existing method in reconstruction fidelity and perceptual quality.
1504h agoImagination helps access an internal world model, and analysis of this model differs between humans and large language models.
1504h agoEEG data, even when anonymous, can reveal personal health information, including disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, Parkinson's disease, and sleep disorders.
1504h agoIncorporating foveated retinotopy into deep neural networks improves their robustness to scale and rotational perturbations in image classification tasks and provides an efficient solution to object localization.
1504h agoThe Product Feedback Alignment algorithm eliminates the need for precise weight symmetry in neural networks, allowing it to closely approximate backpropagation and achieve comparable performance in deep convolutional networks.
1504h agoThe study constructs several matrix Lax pairs for ${\rm q-P_{\rm VI}}$ that remain valid when the two eigenvalues of the residue of the monodromy matrix at infinity are equal.
1504h agoThe asymmetric rational reductions of the 2D-Toda hierarchy have local bihamiltonian structures, which relate to a three-dimensional generalized Frobenius manifold and other hierarchies via linear reciprocal and Miura-type transformations.
1504h agoSoliton gases occur naturally in the deep ocean, specifically in Taiwan waters, as shown by eleven rare sea state measurements with extremely high soliton energy ratios.
1504h agoA system of coupled oscillators with stick-slip vibrations can exhibit two-dimensional stick-slip phenomena and predominantly periodic dynamics, and can also synchronize to oscillate in phase or in counterphase.
1504h agoPT symmetry causes quasi-integrability in deformed integrable models, ensuring conservation of quasi-conserved charges and specific properties of the Lax pair.
1504h agoA novel framework combining machine learning models enhances prediction accuracy and design optimization for photonic integrated circuits, reducing errors in parameter prediction and autonomously discovering a new geometry with improved performance.
1504h agoThe diversity of interaction networks helps explain the emergence of cooperation among interacting agents, and the process of reevaluating interaction groups facilitates this emergence, but frequent switching of neighborhoods has a negative impact.
1504h agoBound states form between dark-antidark solitary waves in two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates due to periodic modulations of the inter-soliton potential and spatial spin-density oscillations.
1504h agoExcluded-volume interactions between bubbles have a strong influence on the dynamics of bubbles in turbulent flows, particularly at high bubble concentrations.
1504h agoMachine learning models for weather forecasting improve long-term forecast skill and physical realism when trained with a weak-constraint four-dimensional variational data assimilation approach that accounts for reanalysis error and multivariate dependencies.
1504h agoA consistent kinetic modeling and discretization strategy ensures accurate recovery of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations for compressible flows across all Prandtl numbers and specific heat ratios.
1504h agoSphalerons in nonlinear Klein-Gordon models evolve into accelerating kink-antikink pairs that approach the speed of light and exhibit energy concentration at their flanks.
1504h agoThe KP soliton solutions are classified under Gel'fand-Dickey ℓ-reductions using permutation of the symmetric group.
1504h agoA method using group theory determines the equivalence classes of rules for one-dimensional cellular automata under symmetry operations of reflection and permutation.
1504h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
1504h agoA combination of a lattice potential and an inverted cubic-quintic nonlinearity sustains stable one- and two-dimensional solitons in the semi-infinite bandgap.
1504h agoThe spectral form factor is constrained by self-correlation and two-point correlations, which can affect its use as a probe for ergodicity in quantum systems.
1504h agoStarting from certain functional relations, a linear integral equation can be derived that leads to a classical Lax pair, which describes the connection between quantum integrable theories and classical differential equations.
1504h agoAdding flavours of matter to gauge theory does not change the correspondence between statistical field theory quantities and periods of deformed gauge theory, and this correspondence also leads to a new non-perturbative solution for quasinormal modes of black branes and holes.
1504h agoSymmetry properties of partial differential equations can be expanded by constructing nonlocally related PDE systems, which leads to new analytical solutions.
1504h agoNonreciprocal interactions within a single species lead to rich dynamics of pattern formation, including the emergence of self-traveling states and unique structures such as interwoven "yarn" patterns, due to the interplay between nonreciprocity and competition of interparticle forces.
1504h agoThe 3D stationary flow of a weakly conducting fluid in a cubic cavity driven by the Lorentz force creates efficient mixing through chaotic streamlines formed by the superposition of recirculation cells.
1504h agoThe conditional Gaussian nonlinear system exhibits strong nonlinearity and non-Gaussian characteristics, and its conditional statistics can be analytically calculated over time.
1504h agoThe Lie algebra of symmetries generated by the left-moving current in a 2D single scalar conformal field theory is infinite dimensional and has mutually commuting subalgebras that define integrable deformations preserving the Poisson bracket structure.
1504h agoThe TTW system has a hidden algebra $g^{(k)}$ with the Hamiltonian and integrals forming a polynomial algebra of integrals that is a subalgebra of $g^{(k)}$.
1504h agoOut-of-time order correlators reveal distinct scrambling behavior in chaotic Hamiltonians, and analysis of atom-field and spin-spin interaction models shows non-Markovian behavior and patterns of scrambling.
1504h agoSome magnetic monopole solutions have a new internal degree of freedom that controls their energy density profile while keeping their total energy constant.
1504h agoIn-context learning operates through statistical fluctuations in pre-training data that induce implicit regularization, leading to a phase transition in generalization error based on task structure.
1504h agoA mean field approximation accurately describes interactions and quasiperiodicity in quasiperiodic moiré systems, capturing multifractal critical states and producing a quasifractal charge density wave in the critical regime.
1504h agoDense particle assemblies undergo a dynamical phase transition to a chaotic steady state when driven by non-reciprocal pairwise forces above a critical amplitude.
1504h agoThe entanglement spectra of many-body localized eigenstates follow Gumbel statistics, and their physical information is largely carried by the few smallest elements.
1504h agoThe spectral form factor is constrained by self-correlation and two-point correlations, which can affect its use as a probe for ergodicity in quantum systems.
1504h agoThe Perona-Malik algorithm for image processing maximizes the Gravity from Entropy action, which relates to the connection between geometry and information theory, and preserves complex structures in images.
1504h agoThe critical dynamics of the Kob-Andersen model of supercooled liquids on the Bethe lattice are governed by equations of motion equivalent to those found in Mode-Coupling Theory.
1504h agoThe quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with a fast algorithm that costs $N^3$, reaching close to the known ground state energy of -0.763166726.
1504h agoThe replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models is revised to handle unknown or complex data-generating distributions by using a variational Gaussian approximation, which connects with information criteria from mathematical statistics and learning theory.
1504h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the integer quantum Hall effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
1504h agoNonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes having significant effects on degree and percolation measures. I rewrote your sentence. Here is the updated version. Nonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes affecting degree and percolation measures. I removed the adverb significant. Here is the final version. Nonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes affecting degree and percolation measures. Since the sentence was already quite short and readable, I made minimal changes. I changed "having significant effects" to "affecting" to use a simple verb and removed the adverb "significant".
1504h agoThe mediodorsal thalamus subnuclei have different HCN channel activities, which affect their intrinsic oscillatory dynamics and information processing.
1504h agoMammalian BK channels have a higher unitary conductance and are more efficiently activated by calcium, producing a stronger potassium current that enables more precise spike timing.
1504h agoThe thalamic reticular nucleus uses a dual inhibitory architecture, with local circuits providing spatially selective inhibition and pallidal inputs delivering diffuse inhibition, to control which thalamic signals reach the cortex.
1504h agoThe hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex develop shared spatial representations after learning, with the hippocampus leading the medial prefrontal cortex in this process.
1504h agoGestational age and birth weight are strongly linked to white matter organization in children aged 8-10 years, while head circumference has limited association.
1508h agoThe brain can learn by adjusting the excitability of each neuron, rather than just changing connections between them, allowing it to perform many tasks and switch between them without forgetting previous learning.
1508h agoKetamine increases pleasurable experiences by enhancing the brain's redundant information processes, allowing it to better represent and access internal information, which in turn amplifies the pleasurable experience.
1508h agoA specific microRNA-inflammatory axis connects the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease, depressive disorder, and gut dysfunction, driving a shared inflammatory cascade along the gut-brain axis.
1508h agoIncreased histamine in the brain shapes temporal-hippocampal dynamics, sustaining learning and memory, and adaptively shifts neurocomputational strategy under high cognitive load.
1508h agoA random network with non-plastic connections and feedback inhibition can account for diverse place cell phenomena, including positional tuning, remapping, and mixed selectivity, when excitatory activity is sparse and organized across stimuli.
1508h agoDrosophila larvae sense and avoid cold temperatures through a mechanism that involves cold-sensitive neurons in the head and a novel cold sensor called Clumsy.
1508h agoAstrocytes change their shape to allow microglia to move in and perform their functions.
1512h agoNo changes needed, this text does not contain a summary or paragraph to rephrase. It appears to be a citation and publication information.
1512h agoNo sentence to summarize, this text is a citation and publication information.
1512h agoA new computational framework minimizes negative transfer in domain-adaptive brain decoding, allowing it to accurately generalize across multiple subjects and tasks.
1512h agoInterocular conflict reduces interlaminar coherence in the primary visual cortex, particularly between granular and infragranular layers, and this coherence covaries with perceptual outcome during binocular rivalry.
1512h agoCortical population events are based on hierarchical modularity in cortical networks, with core neurons acting as high-information-flow nodes that funnel activity to support sensorimotor coordination.
1512h agoThe long non-coding RNA XIST drives female-specific Alzheimer disease pathology by disrupting epigenetic silencing and creating a positive feedback loop that sustains nuclear epigenetic machinery and cytoplasmic post-transcriptional regulation.
1512h agoMice can distinguish novel from familiar objects after 24 hours and 7 days, and a fully automated homecage-based test can assess this long-term object memory reliably.
1512h agoTrait motivation, particularly behavioral inhibition, is linked to both the structure and function of the face processing system.
1512h agoBrAVe, a framework for 3D analysis of brain atlas data, enables integrative analysis of brain data across different modalities and scales, supporting various data types and species, and facilitating data-driven discovery in neuroscience research.
1512h agoInducing ON/OFF activity during wakefulness reduces local sleep need and fulfills core functions of sleep.
1512h agoIncentive salience, not psychomotor sensitization or tolerance, drives the escalation of cocaine self-administration in rats, and individual differences in incentive salience predict intake and addiction vulnerability.
1512h agoA standard model formulation for ion channels accurately fits over 3,000 existing models and enables easy comparison and inference of ion channel parameters.
1512h agoNo changes are needed since the provided text is not a paragraph with complex information but rather a citation and publication information. However, if you'd like a simple sentence based on a hypothetical paragraph that might follow or relate to this citation, please provide that paragraph. Given the instruction and assuming a hypothetical need for simplification based on common related topics: Large language models are changing urban planning.
1516h agoA new method combines physics and machine learning to design dynamic unstructured proteins with tunable properties like size, shape, sensing, and binding.
1516h agoSuicidal behavior is associated with blunted reward value signals in the ventral prefrontal cortex, with different patterns of brain activity seen in individuals who have made low- or high-lethality suicide attempts.
1516h agoThe location where spreading depolarization waves are initiated in the brain determines whether they worsen or improve stroke outcomes.
1516h agoA linear mathematical model accurately represents brain's cortical dynamics using electroencephalography (EEG) data and a continuous exogenous input.
1528h agoPyk2 contributes to hippocampal neuronal hyperactivity and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease and is involved in Tau synaptic localization and phosphorylation.
1528h agoThe Principle of Isomorphism shows that neural population activity preserves mathematical structures of tasks, with grid cells constrained to a toroidal topology for neural metric tasks and path integration.
1528h agoStroke disrupts the coordination of eye and hand movements, causing people to have inaccurate and uncoordinated reaches and saccades.
1528h agoA new model called QI-LIF accurately predicts the timing of neuronal action potentials by treating the onset as a probabilistic event, reducing prediction error, especially for high-intensity stimuli.
1528h agoA new analysis method, called McKean-Vlasov mean-field, accurately represents the dynamics of a complex spiking neural network with synaptic plasticity, reducing computational complexity and providing insights into its behavior.
1528h agoMulti-Region Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (MR-LFADS) accurately identifies communication across brain regions, disentangling inter-regional communication, inputs from unobserved regions, and local neural population dynamics.
1528h agoVarCoNet, a new self-supervised framework, uses individual brain function differences to extract robust brain connections from resting-state fMRI data, improving analysis and task performance.
1528h agoA general approach proves the existence of fully localised multi-dimensional patterns in partial differential equations with compact spatial heterogeneity.
1528h agoThe vector complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation has globally bounded solutions, including solitons, breathers, positon solutions, and rogue wave solutions, that can be graphically represented to show interactions with periodic oscillatory waves.
1528h agoA general framework accurately describes finite-size effects in synchronization transitions of nonlinear oscillators, capturing the complete time evolution of the order parameter and finite-size fluctuations.
1528h agoMulti-dimensional chaos applies to processes described by erratic functions of several dynamical variables, and research shows that eigenvalues of the S-matrix follow a specific distribution and extrema of electric potential functions have certain spacings.
1528h agoRogue waves with diverse waveforms exist in a one-dimensional quantum droplet environment and can be generated through two protocols: interfering dam break flows and gradient catastrophe of a localized waveform.
1528h agoThe stability of financial networks is affected by the impact of individual connections, or edges, between banks and firms, with some connections increasing and others decreasing systemic risk.
1528h agoThe bias of the approximate maximum-likelihood estimation objective of a persistent chain energy-based model is equal to the thermodynamic excess work of an overdamped Langevin dynamical system.
1528h agoA new data-driven approach based on recurrence effectively estimates the local predictability of nonlinear dynamical systems, including large-scale atmospheric fields.
1528h agoPseudo-bifurcations in stochastic non-normal systems can produce false alarms of approaching a tipping point, mimicking early-warning signals such as critical slowing down, increased variance, and dimensional collapse.
1528h agoTwo types of energy cascade solutions exist in Hamiltonian systems, generating large- and small-scale structures, and leading to the formation of different singularities.
1528h agoThe Reshetikhin condition in quantum spin chains implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities, leading to integrability.
1528h agoGluons inside the proton accumulate near a critical momentum, forming a gluon condensation that can explain puzzles in astronomy and high-energy physics.
1528h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
1528h agoNickelate superconductors show inhomogeneous superconducting responses at the few micron scale, and their superconducting state is influenced by local stress environment and stoichiometric composition.
1528h agoA new analysis method, called McKean-Vlasov mean-field, accurately represents the dynamics of a complex spiking neural network with synaptic plasticity, reducing computational complexity and providing insights into its behavior.
1528h agoThe evolution of urban landscapes is driven by multiplicative noise moderated by local interactions, which governs the growth of city roughness over time.
1528h agoMachine learning framework generates and models topological quantum systems, enabling discovery of new many-body states and insights into quantum geometry.
1528h agoUrban sprawl modeling approaches are fragmented across disciplines, but models inspired by statistical physics, economics, geography, and ecology provide a comprehensive understanding of this complex phenomenon.
1528h agoA method using a fingerprint operator can detect, locate, and characterize a target embedded in a complex medium by analyzing the recorded reflection matrix of waves that have interacted with the target.
1528h agoTransitions in complex quantum systems from chaotic to integrable phases show sharp changes in complexity, but different markers of complexity can reveal these transitions at different critical points.
1528h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
1528h agoThe gut microbiome produces metabolites that change with age and can alter brain function, including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) which can disrupt brain cell functions and contribute to age-related neurodegeneration.
1532h agoChanges to the cell type-specific organization of the cortical column occurred at the metatherian/eutherian split, with distinctions between neuron types more pronounced in eutherian mammals, which also have features that enhance cortical plasticity.
1544h agoThe interaction between excitatory neurons, inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin interneurons generates multiple rhythms within a neural network, which can be modulated by a third inhibitory subtype, VIP neurons.
1544h agoNeuroinflammation causes distinct changes to the synaptic proteome, including increased mitochondrial and reduced cytoskeletal-synaptic proteins, that are not seen at the whole neuron level, indicating a unique vulnerability of the synapse.
1544h agoImprovisation is characterized by attenuated premotor cortex excitability and more variable response timings, while preserving the fundamental architecture of cortical responses.
1544h agoPrenatal exposure to valproic acid disrupts myelin organization, synaptic gene networks, and RNA splicing programs in rats, potentially leading to long-term impairments in neuronal communication and processing efficiency.
1544h agoChronic neuropathic pain causes structural changes in key brain areas, including increased grey matter density in some regions and decreased density in others, across limbic, prefrontal, and cingulate circuits.
1552h agoAging impairs angiophagy, but Alzheimer's mice show an increased rate of microsphere removal from blood vessels, with young Alzheimer's mice removing 47% and aged Alzheimer's mice removing 38% of microspheres by day 14.
1556h agoA G protein-coupled receptor called Cirl helps broaden the range of acid smells that certain insect sensory neurons can detect.
1560h agoFascin helps organize actin filaments in dendritic spines and its absence impairs synaptic potentiation.
1560h agoNeural responses to harming others predict people's willingness to exert effort to benefit others, with brain areas responding to harm also influencing sensitivity to others' rewards.
1568h agoThe brain of the three-banded panther worm is made up of "tiles" of brain tissue that can perform different functions, allowing the worm to still hunt successfully even after large portions of its brain are removed.
1568h agoThe GlialCAM protein's cytoplasmic tail plays a crucial role in maintaining white matter tracts in the adult brain, and its deletion leads to motor coordination, muscular strength, and memory deficits.
1568h agomGlu5 signaling in the left hippocampus contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, and inhibiting it in the left hippocampus restores memory and reverses pathological signaling.
1572h agoCold-selective neurons in the anterolateral system project to brain regions associated with thermosensation, including the lateral parabrachial area, periaqueductal grey matter, and thalamus.
1576h agoToothy, an open-source tool, detects and classifies dentate spikes in large-scale electrophysiological recordings, offering a standardized and reproducible pipeline for investigating hippocampal dynamics.
1576h agoMutations in the sodium channel NaV1.1 cause excessive bursting activity in excitatory neurons, which leads to seizures in Dravet syndrome, and this abnormal activity can be normalised by blocking HCN1 pacemaker channels.
1576h agoGeometry of brain tissue predicts distribution of tracer in the parenchyma, explaining some of the variation in glymphatic function between individuals.
1576h agoA simple neurofeedback system using functional near-infrared spectroscopy allows people to control their prefrontal cortex blood flow.
1576h agoA novel N-terminally truncated form of the Tau protein accumulates early in degenerating neurons and drives neurodegeneration, making it a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
1576h agoThe cortical control of movement involves multiple brain areas working together, and the activity of neurons in these areas is organized into distinct subpopulations with specific response patterns during reach-to-grasp behavior.
1576h agoThe spinal cord's structure and function change with age, showing decline in the somatosensory pathway and sharing similar aging mechanisms with the brain.
1576h agoOligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelination failure in the hippocampus drive neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) pathology, with a maturation blockade of oligodendrocytes and suppression of myelination programs.
1576h agoBipolar disorder episodes are underpinned by a conserved functional brain scaffold and distinct individual specific neural fingerprints.
1576h agoModifying the Latent Factor Activity using Dynamical systems (LFADS) model to include a per-trial bias results in a simpler and more interpretable representation of neural dynamics.
1576h agoBDNF regulates the number and function of pericytes and microvessels in the brain by activating Akt signaling, and its decrease with age contributes to impaired microvascular circulation.
1576h agoCerebral small vessel disease disrupts emotional regulation, causing reduced emotional awareness and impaired integration of bodily sensations and emotions.
1576h agoDim light at night increases circadian rhythm disruption, amyloid plaque buildup, and microglial activation in mice, suggesting that nighttime light exposure may contribute to Alzheimer's disease progression.
1576h agoFlexible cognitive control combines proactive and reactive mechanisms to adapt to changing environments, and is supported by oscillatory dynamics that coordinate multiple control components across distinct brain regions.
1576h agoA minimal recurrent framework called Homeostatic Binary Networks enables the stable representation and organization of overlapping memories by combining simple principles such as neural and synaptic competition.
1576h agoHealthy aging preserves the brain's ability to plan and initiate movements, but reduces its ability to fine-tune and control movements, leading to decreased accuracy.
1576h agoA single learning objective can give rise to diverse cell types in the hippocampal-entorhinal circuit, including place cells, grid cells, and boundary vector cells, which resemble those observed in the navigating brain.
1576h agoHigher-order thalamic nuclei are interconnected and respond to sensory stimuli and locomotion in a state-dependent manner.
1576h agoLipid dysregulation, including changes in sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and fatty acids, is a common feature of Parkinson's disease in the brain and peripheral biofluids.
1576h agoSuppressing glutamatergic neurons in the neocortex can paradoxically cause epileptic activity, challenging the traditional view that seizures are caused by excessive excitation.
1576h agoChronic stress after traumatic brain injury leads to a delayed but not permanent protective effect on axonal degeneration, possibly due to changes in microglial and astrocytic activity.
1576h agoFunctional ultrasound imaging reliably maps brain-wide visual processing in awake tree shrews, revealing robust hemodynamic responses and detailed functional maps across multiple brain areas.
1576h agoAIBP protein is mainly expressed in astrocytes, and its expression declines as Alzheimer's disease progresses, suggesting a role in astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection.
1576h agoThe degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease is accompanied by proteostatic impairment and modulation of the alpha-synuclein interactome, and researchers found that the HDAC1 inhibitor pyroxamide reduces alpha-synuclein toxicity in cell lines.
1576h agoIndividual functional brain architecture shapes tau propagation in Alzheimer's disease, with subject-specific connectivity profiles enhancing the characterization of tau deposition patterns.
1576h agoRecurrent seizures cause a persistent decrease in brain entropy, even between seizures, and this decrease is most pronounced in patients who had their first seizure at a younger age.
1576h agoPregnenolone-derived C-20 oxime ethers are potent and efficacious positive allosteric modulators of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, with some analogues showing higher potency and efficacy than the endogenous neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate.
1576h agoBinocular rivalry causes stochastic alternations in perceptual dominance when incongruent images are presented to the two eyes, and similar dynamics occur in mice, involving both feedforward and feedback circuits in the brain.
1576h agoComplex housing and a combination of complex housing with FGF-2 improve motor function in rats with unilateral motor cortex lesions, while structured rehabilitation and FGF-2 alone have little effect.
1576h agoThe brain's functional inertia, or its tendency to maintain its state, predicts symptom severity in schizophrenia and relates to cognition in a different way in patients compared to healthy controls.
1580h agoWomen with intracerebral hemorrhage have lower biological aging values than men, and this difference is mainly driven by women with deep intracerebral hemorrhage.
1580h agoHigh-resolution ultrasound-photoacoustic imaging enables real-time monitoring of deep cerebrovascular oxygenation dynamics in awake mice with intact skulls, resolving region-specific increases in oxygenation and hemodynamics under different conditions.
1580h agoFive circulating lipids in the blood are linked to the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and can distinguish between symptomatic patients and asymptomatic controls.
1584h agoObservers' perceptions are biased towards the past when they view gradual changes in hue, leading to slow change blindness.
1584h agoTDP-43 aggregation at NMJs in ALS mouse and iPSC models stems from aberrant axonal translation caused by loss of muscle EV-derived miR126.
1588h agoGlioblastoma changes the calvarial bone and its marrow to produce more myeloid cells, creating an immunosuppressive environment.
1592h agoCRISP, a new framework, uses foundation models to predict drug responses in unseen cell types at single-cell resolution, advancing drug repurposing and drug screening.
1592h agoAn algorithm identifies proteoforms using top-down mass spectra and a pipeline generates simulated spectra from input protein sequences with modifications.
1592h agoDithering stimulation pulses suppresses half-harmonic brain rhythm synchronisation, offering a potential strategy to selectively entrain target neural rhythms while avoiding harmful effects.
1592h agoAutism caused by a specific genetic mutation leads to altered expression of splicing regulators, which in turn causes aberrant splicing patterns in genes involved in neural tissue development and synapse organization.
1592h agoMinor cannabinoids CBD, CBG, CBN, and CBC activate different sensory neurons in distinct ways, with varying potency and dose-response relationships, which may allow for synergistic pain relief.
1592h agoDifferent frequency bands of electrical activity on the brain's surface reflect activity from specific layers of brain cells and are markers of distinct stages of brain processing.
1592h agoViolations of strong predictions based on past events trigger increased cognitive control, attention, and arousal, which helps with learning unexpected information.
1592h agoGranule cells in the cerebellum preferentially sample specific types of mossy fiber inputs, with some granule cells connecting with one type of input and others with a different type.
1592h agoThe insula-prefrontal circuit is necessary for rats to make social decisions about approaching or avoiding stressed conspecifics.
1596h agoStress impairs extinction learning by activating a brain circuit that connects the locus coeruleus, basolateral amygdala, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
1596h agoAging of human neurons leads to decreased autophagic flux due to a loss of neuritic lysosomes, resulting in increased mitochondrial fission and fusion events, and impaired mitochondrial health.
1596h agoMolybdenum diselenide nanoflowers protect immune cells in the brain from toxic effects of a-synuclein aggregates, while molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers offer less protection and trigger changes in immune cell types.
1596h agoConnectome-based predictive modeling identifies brain networks that vary with behavioral measures, and finds that cognitive tests better predict brain networks than self-reported clinical measures.
1596h agoListeners' preference for musical tone combinations decreases as the mean frequency increases, with different musical intervals and listener groups showing varying levels of sensitivity to pitch range.
1600h agoNeurons operate in two modes, coincidence detection and integration, which help explain how they process and transmit information through electrical currents.
1600h agoModern AI models for video and language do not capture human-perceived similarity in social videos, but fine-tuning a video model on human judgments improves its alignment with human perceptions.
1600h agoPeople who used a novel wheelchair-mounted device called Boost to practice arm movements during rehabilitation after a stroke showed greater improvement in arm function immediately after treatment, particularly those with less severe impairment.
1600h agoThe Modular Consciousness Theory proposes that consciousness arises from a sequence of integrated informational states that are processed and tagged with a density vector, shaping experience, memory, and behavior.
1600h agoNeural populations in higher visual areas encode object-centered visual information in a structured, semantically meaningful way, with different groups of neurons selectively responding to specific visual features such as object pose and category transformations.
1600h agoA compositional meta-learning model enables rapid learning of new tasks from minimal experience by reusing knowledge from previous tasks through flexible recombination of common computational elements.
1600h agoA motion cueing algorithm that uses model predictive control reduces motion sickness by over 50% in driving simulators while maintaining fidelity, by balancing sensory conflict and specific force errors.
1600h agoVarCoNet, a new self-supervised framework, uses inter-individual brain function variability to extract robust functional connectomes from resting-state fMRI data, outperforming state-of-the-art methods in subject fingerprinting and autism spectrum disorder classification tasks.
1600h agoThe state-space kinetic Ising model reveals time-varying causal couplings and entropy flow in neuronal ensembles, which are linked to behavior and enable economical computation.
1600h agoA novel hyperbolic embedding framework preserves the global structure of multilayer networks while enabling detailed analysis and comparisons within and between layers.
1600h agoAnimals' complex behaviors are formed by flexibly combining a finite set of core motor motifs, and a new framework called motif-based continuous dynamics discovery successfully identifies these motifs and models how they are combined to generate realistic behaviors.
1600h agoThe Visibility Graph method requires at least 1000 data points to reliably characterize time series, and time series with a Hurst exponent of 0.5 or less have a critical exponent of 2 or more.
1600h agoThe Sabra models of turbulence converge to a stochastic process in the ideal limit, where solutions become independent of the type of dissipation and noise.
1600h agoThe solution to the complete noncommutative Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy is achieved through direct linearisation involving the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko (GLM) equation.
1600h agoA general method for constructing fuzzy cellular automata allows for diverse and complex time-evolution patterns to be generated by changing parameters or combining evolution rules.
1600h agoNon-commutative multiple bi-orthogonal polynomial systems generalize multiple orthogonality, matrix orthogonal polynomials, and bi-orthogonality, and form a part of the theory of integrable systems.
1600h agoCollective cellular decision making relies on a trade-off between the speed and accuracy of pattern formation, with information flow between cells influencing the emergence of highly ordered structures.
1600h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple quantum state into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
1600h agoA new method can distinguish between catastrophic shifts and less dramatic state changes in systems, providing early warnings of tipping points by analyzing noisy spatio-temporal data.
1600h agoThree distinct cryptographic chaotic systems are tested for stability and robustness in maintaining synchronization in the presence of noise.
1600h agoA machine learning method estimates the largest Lyapunov exponent from one-dimensional chaotic time series data by inferring the exponential growth of forecast errors, producing accurate results with short data series.
1600h agoA bootstrap program solves the $R$-matrix of an integrable quantum spin chain from its Hamiltonian by iteratively applying Kennedy's inversion formula.
1600h agoReservoir computing can generalize to unexplored regions of state space without built-in assumptions about the underlying dynamics when trained on multiple trajectories from a collection of disjoint time series.
1600h agoDiffusion models can learn distributions sampled by a complex Langevin process.
1600h agoMachine learning models generalize well on real-world datasets because datasets lie on a latent manifold with small intrinsic dimension, but estimates of intrinsic dimension vary substantially across methods.
1600h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple quantum state into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
1600h agoDiagonal linear networks' gradient flow dynamics can be captured by a low-dimensional effective process, which yields new insights into their loss convergence rates, generalization, and other previously observed phenomena.
1600h agoSpatial correlations in disordered systems shift the critical packing fraction to lower values but keep the critical coordination number isostatic.
1600h agoA geometric series modulated non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattice model has multiple mobility edges and non-Hermitian point gaps with high winding number that can be induced by increasing the summation terms of the geometric series.
1600h agoTransformers learn and execute tasks based on examples provided within the input through in-context learning, which depends on sample complexity, pretraining task diversity, and context length.
1600h agoA binary tree circuit encodes a single logical qubit with a code distance that grows exponentially in the depth of the tree, and undergoes a phase transition between a coding and non-coding phase when noise is present.
1600h agoThe state-space kinetic Ising model reveals time-varying causal couplings and entropy flow in neuronal ensembles, which are linked to behavior and enable economical computation.
1600h agoDisordered metasurfaces with a critical packing of metaatoms exhibit a marked transition in the statistics of scattered light, allowing for manipulation of light characteristics using ultrathin optical coatings.
1600h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, and only delocalizes at zero temperature, with its diffusion behavior following a non-monotonic and Arrhenius relation pattern.
1600h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree and hub density.
1600h agoThe study finds that transient Nuclear Overhauser enhancement (tNOE) imaging is the most sensitive method for detecting myelin lipids in the brain, and it strongly correlates with histological markers.
1600h agoThe cerebellum guides limb movement through two distinct output pathways that drive the forelimb either toward or away from the body, allowing for precise and speedy movement.
1600h agoA physiologically grounded model shows that receptive fields and population-level attractor dynamics emerge naturally from the geometry of scale-free networks, reflecting the structure of the stimulus space and capturing key properties of receptive fields.
1600h agoThe subiculum processes spatial information by detecting mismatches between perceptual and mnemonic inputs, which updates associative memory and explains the presence of vector trace cells.
1600h agoThe GBR model of bipolar disorder generates a range of behavioral changes, including anxiety, hyperlocomotion, anhedonia, and altered emotion recognition, with different effects seen in males and females.
1600h agoEmotional salience learned from social cues is preserved in memory and enhances emotional processing of target images, but only when people are uncertain about their own emotional judgments.
1600h agoDiabetic neuropathy develops in rats within 4 weeks of low-dose streptozotocin treatment, with F-waves serving as an early biomarker of nerve dysfunction and high survival rates.
1600h agoCerebrovascular responses become weaker and less adaptable with age, with changes in delay, gain, and time constant that can be tracked using calibrated simulations and may serve as novel biomarkers of cerebrovascular dysfunction.
1600h agoNOVA, a new analytical tool, helps researchers interpret and visualize complex brain cell activity data, uncovering subtle patterns and changes that conventional methods miss.
1600h agoThe retina uses existing circuits to modulate responses to stimuli outside the center of sensory neurons' receptive fields, through a pathway involving rod bipolar cells and AII amacrine cells.
1600h agoPerivascular spaces in the brain are associated with sex and felt-gender differences in children, with increases in their volume and count linked to reduced executive function, learning, and memory.
1600h agoSlow gamma rhythms have longer burst durations and latencies than fast gamma rhythms, and show higher long-range synchrony, suggesting they are generated by different inter-neuronal classes with different integration scales.
1600h agoMitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction, marked by loss of key subunits and lowered enzyme activity, occurs in Alzheimer's disease and may contribute to brain amyloidosis.
1600h agoThe choice of algorithm and model parameters for causal estimation affects the accuracy and computation time of brain communication analysis.
1600h agoThe structure of visual motion qualia in humans matches the structure of neural activity in mice, with both showing a categorical organisation based on stimulus direction.
1600h agoPERIOD protein dimerization enables a slow and controlled phosphorylation that regulates the circadian clock, and disruption of this dimerization severely compromises circadian rhythms and sleep cycles.
1600h agoChronic pain causes changes in the number of mature oligodendrocytes in specific brain regions, and this effect differs by region and sex, six weeks after nerve injury.
1600h agoThe murine sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) contains 17 distinct neuronal groups with unique molecular signatures and a complex cellular composition, and its glutamatergic subpopulations have specific projection targets and molecular markers.
1600h agoMeningeal macrophages exhibit diverse calcium signaling patterns in healthy and diseased states, with distinct activity features in different macrophage subtypes and responses to brain hyperexcitability events.
1600h agoTDP-43 protein causes changes in synaptic structure and function, leading to abnormal transmission, in mice and humans with neurodegenerative diseases.
1600h agoBehavioral Time-Scale Synaptic Plasticity (BTSP) induction relies on a theta-oscillation-paced cellular state and precisely timed weak inputs, and muscarinic activation enables one-shot long-term potentiation for in-vivo place-field formation.
1600h agoSpinal cord injury leads to brain reorganization, marked by decreased activity in sensorimotor regions and increased activity in limbic and cerebellum regions.
1600h agoTraumatic brain injury temporarily worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in the early stages of amyloidosis, with males being more vulnerable than females.
1600h agoElectric field fluctuations in the brain organize into isolated areas and groups of similar areas, which can change with context and task requirements.
1600h agoThe neural gustatory circuit uses specific patterns of neural activity in the gustatory cortex to control the physical movements that define whether to ingest or reject a taste stimulus.
1600h agoThe brain sorts words into language categories by computing similarities and differences between words, using a network of areas including the temporal, insular, and frontal cortices, within 150 ms of seeing a word.
1600h agoVisual adaptation and attention do not change the uneven performance across the visual field, with better performance along the horizontal than vertical meridian and along the lower than upper vertical meridian.
1600h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder have accelerated brain aging, showing a 1.70-year increase in brain age relative to their chronological age.
1600h agoGene expression supports the division of the thalamus into distinct nuclei, with some nuclei having discrete subdomains or shared patterns of gene expression.
1604h agoDepressive symptoms and sleep timing independently affect young adults' performance on cognitive tasks that require pattern separation.
1604h agoThe brain maintains evolving representations of accumulated evidence by transferring signals between neurons with different response fields, enabling continuous evidence integration across changing actions.
1604h agoAging Aplysia californica shows a reduced escape locomotion response and changes in brain motor programs, including loss of locomotion onset latency sensitization and decreased motor activity.
1604h agoMECP2 mutations lead to Rett syndrome by disrupting normal brain cell development, causing cells to over-proliferate and eventually produce fewer excitatory neurons and more inhibitory and glial cells instead.
1604h agoOxytocin increases trusting behavior by 15-17% in individuals with a low disposition to trust, with the effect being uniform across this group.
1604h agoThe study finds that noise in brain signals relates to vascular function in different ways across various brain areas, with similar patterns observed in healthy controls, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and those with Alzheimer's disease.
1604h agoThe MACS framework combines knowledge from multiple source domains to improve the accuracy of neural wiring segmentation in brain images.
1604h agoChronic ethanol consumption leads to profound sex- and region-specific adaptations in astrocytes, implicating extracellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan remodeling as key factors in ethanol-related neuroplasticity.
1604h agoStress and THC do not impair working memory, but high doses of THC disrupt motivation in some rats, which may be linked to individual differences in THC metabolism.
1604h agoHypoxic preconditioning improves the survival and function of transplanted neural progenitor cells in a stroke mouse model.
1604h agoGut microbiota plays a role in the development of circadian rhythms, and disruptions to it in early life impair the normal development of these rhythms and the maturation of clock neurons.
1604h agoInhibiting the JNK2-STX1A pathway with a cell-permeable peptide called JGRi1 protects retinal ganglion cells and provides neuroprotection in retinal degeneration.
1608h agoAGO1 protein plays a critical role in shaping the developing brain and promoting sociability by regulating the expression of LIN28A in neural progenitor cells.
1612h agoA fully-weighted brain graph model that combines connectivity and metabolic activity reveals that brain regions with high metabolic activity and connectivity are more closely linked to cognitive functions and neurodegenerative disorders.
1612h agoWhite matter hyperintensities show a pattern of demyelination, axonal loss, and extracellular fluid accumulation, particularly in periventricular regions, and are linked to aging-related increases in cardiovascular risk factors.
1612h agoThe basal ganglia play a key role in specifying, maintaining, and adapting the tempo of rhythmic actions, and dopamine deprivation in this circuit leads to motor symptoms such as freezing of gait and increased variation in rhythmic tapping.
1612h agoDynamic resting-state activity of an attentional network at rest predicts brain responses to tasks under different medication conditions, and may help guide individualized treatment by identifying which medications work best for each person.
1612h agoVividness of mental visual imagery is a robust trait that explains individual differences in mental imagery, internally generated visual experiences, and dreams.
1612h agoThe prefrontal cortex, especially the inferior frontal gyrus, shows more activation during encoding of events that are later remembered compared to those that are forgotten.
1612h agoHuman brain organoids can mature and record the passage of time over many years in culture, with aged progenitors retaining a memory of time spent in culture that guides their developmental programs.
1612h agoElevated LINE1 RNA causes chromosomal abnormalities and neuron death in neurodegenerative diseases by increasing chromatin accessibility and global transcription, and reducing LINE1 RNA mitigates these effects.
1612h agoForced expression of the transcription factor Sox11 in mature neurons enables large-scale changes in gene expression that promote axon growth, similar to that of immature neurons.
1612h agoA single dose of psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves chronic pain and anxiety-like behaviors in mice by restoring prefrontal activity through its action on certain receptors.
1616h agoWtCoxG, a new method for genome-wide association studies, addresses case ascertainment bias and outperforms existing approaches in analyzing time-to-event traits.
1616h agoSelf-driving laboratories combining robotic production and artificial intelligence can accelerate innovation in biotechnology by successfully integrating into discovery workflows for suitable biochemical design problems.
1616h agoEarly stimulation of the left intraparietal sulcus and right superior temporal gyrus increases the perception of synchrony between visual and auditory stimuli, while later stimulation of the superior temporal gyrus reduces this perception.
1620h agoRett syndrome is caused by changes in the MECP2 gene that disrupt normal developmental pathways in neurons, particularly in the Dopaminergic and Gabaergic trajectories, with key regulators NR2F1 and TCF4 playing a crucial role in the condition.
1620h agoThe menstrual cycle affects corticospinal excitability, with higher excitability in the late follicular phase, and also influences spike-timing-dependent plasticity, with prolonged and potentiated responses in the mid-luteal phase.
1620h agoA hybrid neuron model combines biophysical accuracy with computational efficiency to simulate gustatory pathways, bridging single-cell biophysics with large-network computation.
1624h agoBootstrap Monte Carlo SSA improves the reliability of functional measures and uncovers differences in state-space dynamics in fMRI by producing robust reconstructions that withstand noise.
1624h agoNeural synchronization depends on communication strategies that are influenced by connection weights and directionality, and these strategies can lead to the formation of chimera states where coherent and incoherent dynamics coexist.
1624h agoFour categories of inhibition - global, self, lateral, and feed-forward - work together to help locusts detect objects approaching their eyes while ignoring other movements.
1624h agoDeviance detection emerges in cortical cultures through local circuit maturation and is refined by self-organization toward criticality and early experience.
1624h agoThe model proposes that the primary visual cortex, V1-L4, consists of three distinct sub-layers corresponding to the primary color sensations of blue, red, and green.
1624h agoMapping EEG signals and their corresponding modalities into a unified semantic space enables generalized interpretation of brain signals.
1624h agoCalcium imaging and supervised variational autoencoder architectures enable the learning of compact representations of individual neurons from fluorescent traces, allowing for robust visualization, clustering, and interpretation of single-neuron dynamics.
1624h agoA new vision model called ReAlnet aligns with human brain activity using non-invasive EEG, showing higher similarity to human brain representations than traditional computer vision models.
1624h agoNoise perturbations in the area-preserving Harper map cause longer recurrence times by allowing trajectories to access and get trapped in regular islands, resulting in a slower power-law decay in the recurrence distribution.
1624h agoHigher-order spacing statistics in superposed spectra of circular random matrices can be characterized by a modified Dyson index, which is unique for given parameters and can be used to determine the symmetry structure of a system.
1624h agoA binary Bose gas in a dual-core trap exhibits macroscopic quantum tunnelling, self-trapping, and localisation revivals, and displays a rich bifurcation structure and the Andreev-Bashkin superfluid drag effect.
1624h agoGluons inside the proton accumulate near a critical momentum, forming gluon condensation, which may explain puzzles in astronomy and high-energy physics.
1624h agoPeriodic oscillations in a system's fluctuations appear as a Dirac comb in the frequency power spectral density, but deviations from strict periodicity remove the Dirac comb, leaving mainly the spectrum of the pulse function.
1624h agoInhibition in biological systems, such as insect colonies and neural circuits, enables efficient and adaptive operation by modulating activity through inhibitory signals. or Non-linear responses to inhibitory signals improve collective decision-making by enhancing final consensus and reducing deliberation time.
1624h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model reveals an interplay between Stabilizer R\'enyi Entropy and entanglement entropy in both ground and highly excited states, with the four-body interaction model showing complex patterns of entanglement and non-stabilizer resources.
1624h agoThe Thue-Morse drive achieves quantum ergodicity in the long-time limit, where the time evolution of any initial state uniformly visits every part of its Hilbert space.
1624h agoThe basins of attraction of twisted states in Kuramoto oscillators scale as $e^{-kq^2}$ with the winding number $q$.
1624h agoThe Kuramoto model's stable equilibria on graphs that resemble the Sierpinski gasket correspond to harmonic maps from the gasket to the circle, with a unique stable equilibrium in each homotopy class of continuous functions.
1624h agoLarge neural networks and datasets can be compressed to much smaller sizes while keeping their performance, with the size reduction following a polylogarithmic relationship.
1624h agoThe Parisi formula identifies the free energy limit of spin glass models, but many models remain outside its reach.
1624h agoIncreasing the depth of a deep linear self-attention model improves in-context learning performance when covariances change across contexts, but only aids performance in other settings if the context length is limited.
1624h agoLong-range correlations in a disordered medium change the depinning transition, critical force, and critical exponents of a driven interface, leading to a breakdown of conventional universality and emergence of new scaling behaviors.
1624h agoInhibition in biological systems, such as insect colonies and neural circuits, enables efficient and adaptive operation by modulating activity through inhibitory signals. or Non-linear responses to inhibitory signals improve collective decision-making by enhancing final consensus and reducing deliberation time.
1624h agoPrenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress causes changes in immune gene expression and dopamine systems in the brain and gut, with sex-specific effects in female and male offspring.
1624h agoRegion-based connectivity from a medium-resolution atlas works best for classifying early-stage schizophrenia patients, with accuracy rates of up to 83.15%.
1624h agoThe visual callosum operates as a set of parallel, segregated information conduits that integrate the left and right visual fields into a unified perceptual experience.
1624h agoReduced pyramidal cell excitability and decreased spine density impair auditory novelty detection, which helps explain the mismatch negativity deficits seen in schizophrenia.
1624h agoBeta sinusoidal transcranial alternating current stimulation and theta amplitude-modulated transcranial alternating current stimulation modulate corticospinal excitability, with different effects on timing, frequency, and brain regions.
1628h agoThis study establishes a validated toolbox to map the neuroarchitecture in the murine knee, which will help identify the cellular and molecular changes responsible for mediating joint pain.
1628h agoBipolar disorder is characterized by disrupted structure-function integration and unstable thalamocortical dynamics, with lower structure-function coupling in subcortical regions and thalamic instability.
1628h agoEye gaze patterns during working memory reflect the content of complex images held in mind and adapt to task demands.
1628h agoA new microelectrode array with a curved shape can record neural activity in deep and curved brain structures, allowing for investigation of previously inaccessible neural circuits.
1628h agoThe Regional Functional Affinity metric reveals that primate brain organization follows an organizational principle where higher-order association networks are functionally diverse and primary sensorimotor networks are uniform.
1628h agoCognitive impairments in absence epilepsy are linked to dysfunction in the thalamic-prefrontal pathway.
1628h agoNetwork bursting activity in cultures of neurons contains rich information about underlying network dynamics, and analyzing the shape of bursts provides a robust marker for functional phenotyping in disease modeling and drug screening.
1628h agoThe brain's dorsomedial striatum helps decide when to stop a task and switch to another by tracking time and rewards, with neurons in this area changing their activity at specific delays after a reward to guide the decision to exit a task.
1628h agoMoS2 and MoSe2 nanoflowers protect neurons and astrocytes from damage caused by alpha-synuclein aggregates by restoring mitochondrial health, reducing protein misfolding, and promoting the removal of toxic protein fibrils.
1628h agoThe deletion of the DUSP4 gene leads to a reduced level of retinal dopamine, increased susceptibility to myopia, and altered retinal responses to light stimuli.
1632h agoLeaders look ahead to their own and their partner's actions, while Followers focus on the task, showing distinct decision-making and planning strategies in cooperative interactions.
1632h agoMitochondrial transport between axonal compartments and the cell body is required for sustained mitochondrial biogenesis in neurons.
1632h agoThe human brain dissipates electrical power at a rate of 10-9 to 10-10 watts, mainly in gray matter, which is several orders of magnitude lower than estimated metabolic power consumption.
1632h agoAdolescent binge drinking leads to lasting changes in the brain, specifically in the retrosplenial cortex, that impair memory and increase the risk of problems later in life, and these effects differ between males and females.
1632h agoDopaminergic depletion drives the reorganization of the somatomotor network, which may help compensate for motor deficits in Parkinson's disease by making it more tolerant to network attacks.
1632h agoThe gut detects toxin-induced damage and sends signals to the brain that trigger vomiting and help flies learn to avoid food with a specific odor that predicts toxin presence.
1632h agoA machine learning framework identifies subtle postural changes in animals that can detect early-stage neuromuscular disorders, specifically finding cervical instability in mice as early as 3 weeks of age.
1632h agoInjured nerve cells in neuromas drive spontaneous neuropathic pain through ectopic activity in small-diameter sensory neurons, specifically in SSTR2+ sensory axons.
1632h agoConcept learning creates attentional templates that guide attention by filtering relevant information, and people who learn concepts better deploy these templates more efficiently.
1632h agoTactile devices can effectively convey melodic patterns and emotional tone through vibration, with perceived pitch showing a systematic relationship with stimulus frequency and waveforms with sudden temporal changes judged as less pleasant.
1636h agoAbnormal brain connections in language and executive control networks are associated with positive and negative formal thought disorder in schizophrenia.
1640h agoBrain lesions unlock a hidden ability in astrocytes to produce neurons, which are a specific type of interneuron that can mature and integrate into brain circuits.
1640h agoPrenatal exposure to psychedelics crosses the placenta, activates the embryonic choroid plexus, and leads to lasting changes in brain development and behavior in offspring.
1640h agoSchizophrenia is highly heterogeneous, causing elevated variance in neuroimaging studies, which can be explained by the presence of multiple neurological perturbations in individuals with the disease.
1640h agoMast cells are present in the developing mouse brain, particularly at the hippocampal-thalamic border, and their degranulation facilitates synaptic transmission.
1640h agoNeural representations continually drift over time, and synaptic fluctuations, but not membrane potential fluctuations, help the brain maintain reliable perception by preserving the structure of these representations and improving learning.
1640h agoSchizophrenia is characterized by reproducible disturbances in the temporal organization of default mode network connectivity, with people with schizophrenia spending more time in abnormal connectivity states and less time in a normal state.
1640h agoDopamine release in the striatum is controlled by cholinergic interneurons and is mainly triggered by inputs from frontal cortical regions, not by direct sensory inputs.
1640h agoTheta oscillations support the perception of Mandarin syllables, while gamma activity helps with processing fast-changing and fine-grained acoustic features.
1640h agoStimulating human neurons reveals that long-term memory storage is linked to persistent changes in genome folding and gene expression.
1640h agoSNT-1 and SNT-3, two Ca2+ sensors in C. elegans, mediate fast and slow neurotransmitter release through interactions with the SNARE complex and their polybasic motifs.
1640h agoThe generalized Ablowitz-Ladik and Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger equations with nonzero boundary conditions on an infinite lattice have local well-posedness and their solutions have a minimal guaranteed lifespan that depends on the initial data, background, and nonlinearity exponents.
1648h agoA physiologically grounded model shows that receptive fields and population-level attractor dynamics emerge naturally from the geometry of scale-free networks, capturing key properties of receptive fields without fine-tuning.
1648h agoThe brain-body-environment framework gains new insights into adaptive behavior by considering the spatial organization of the brain and body, using partial differential equations to analyze how spatial dynamics influence behavior.
1648h agoThe Drosophila brain connectome shows heterogeneity in network properties, with a modular organizational pattern and bilateral symmetry in network topology and spatial organization.
1648h agoEEG research in education has grown substantially, and this study uses a Bibliometric-enhanced Systematic Literature Review to identify key educational constructs, computational methods, and research gaps.
1648h agoA new framework that uses chaotic dynamics and mimics the brain's visual pathway improves the accuracy, generalization, and stability of object classification from event camera data.
1648h agoTwo distinct processes, one that straightens trajectories and another that redirects them, contribute to motor adaptation, with straightening occurring faster than redirection.
1648h agoThe complexity of perceptual representations depends on task demands, with simple representations used when strategies require minimal resources and complex representations used when more resources are needed.
1648h agoThe global dimensionality of a neural representation manifold is better estimated with a new bias-corrected method that provides accurate measurements even with small sample sizes and noisy data.
1648h agoTwo single-channel EEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, reflect physiological and emotional responses to stress, relating to cortisol levels, resilience, and heart rate variability.
1648h agoQualia are physical because they are directly observable, and this perspective links consciousness to quantum measurements, suggesting that physical reality is rooted in how humans process information.
1648h agoA super integrable system is constructed using the supertrace identity on the loop algebra of the Lie superalgebra osp(1,6), and it can be reduced to the super-AKNS hierarchy under certain conditions.
1648h agoThe motion of charged particles in a magnetic dipole field with friction and random forces can be described by a generalized Langevin equation.
1648h agoFrangible materials that remodel under flow give rise to branched patterns shaped by their properties, boundary conditions, and forcing time scales.
1648h agoThe Basic Cycle Ratio method identifies influential nodes in complex networks by assessing their local and global roles, outperforming traditional measures in selecting powerful spreaders and enhancing information diffusion.
1648h agoTriadic interactions, where one node regulates the interaction between two other nodes, can modulate the mutual information between the dynamical state of two linked nodes and are relevant for understanding complex systems such as Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
1648h agoSchur functions and skew Schur functions satisfy certain mathematical relations known as relative Plücker relations and Hirota bilinear equations.
1648h agoA vertical thermal convection system has seven new equilibria and 26 new periodic orbits that capture complex flow patterns, including chaotic behavior and symmetrical flow structures.
1648h agoA new approach based on the density matrix formalism successfully captures the metal-insulator transition in Anderson models and reveals the existence of a two-dimensional metallic phase with Hubbard interactions and disorder.
1648h agoMachine learning models can learn physical concepts, but their interpretability is challenging; a hybrid tensor-neural network object was constructed to exactly express a real space topological invariant and was assessed for trainability and generalization.
1648h agoThe Topological Breakdown Model explains the metastable domain patterns in potassium-tantalate-niobate crystals near the cubic-to-tetragonal structural phase transition as a result of competing topologically protected states.
1648h agoMena, an actin regulator, controls local protein synthesis to mediate adult axon regeneration by regulating the translation of PI3K-p85 mRNA and activating the AKT/mTOR pathway.
1648h agoAnesthesia shifts the preferred spatial frequencies of neurons in the visual cortex to lower values, impairing the coding of high-frequency visual information, with distinct effects on different types of neurons.
1648h agoA mutation in Syntaxin1A reduces sleep in flies by decreasing the assembly of SNARE complexes, leading to less information exchange among neurons.
1648h agoIndividuals with fibromyalgia have abnormal cortical connectivity compared to pain-free healthy controls.
1648h agoLoss of TDP-43 disrupts RNA processing and protein production, leading to the identification of new molecular cascades and potential therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
1652h agoContextual fear conditioning induces persistent changes in chromatin structure in engram neurons, which correlate with long-term gene expression and may be linked to neuropsychiatric disorders.
1652h agoAnti-microbial peptides regulate sleep in flies, and different types of these peptides have distinct effects on sleep patterns, social behavior, and memory.
1656h agoA central complex, comprising 4 key neuropils, exists in the brain of larval fruit flies and shares similar synaptic connectivity patterns with the adult central complex.
1656h agoSubtle facial movements reveal hidden cognitive states, reflecting the brain's ongoing computations and offering a noninvasive window into unexpressed thoughts and decisions.
1660h agoMicroRNA155 regulates the development of neurons, particularly GABAergic interneurons, and its dysregulation contributes to Alzheimer's disease by affecting neural stem cell dynamics.
1660h agoBrain descending neurons integrate learnt information and contextual cues to activate specific nerve cord command neurons and promote specific actions.
1660h agoGABA receptors change shape to control the flow of ions across cell membranes, with cholesterol, phospholipids, and a phosphatidylinositol compound affecting this process.
1660h agoThe Connectome Interpreter software toolkit enables efficient analysis of complete brain wiring diagrams, or connectomes, allowing for fast computation of neural circuit function and structure.
1664h agoSex differences exist in latent inhibition, a process linked to hallucinations and delusions in psychosis, with evidence suggesting differences in behavioural and neurobiological levels, particularly in hippocampally dependent forms.
1664h agoWhite matter asymmetry is widespread across the brain, present in all 30 pathways examined, and follows unique trajectories across the lifespan, changing with development and increasing age.
1664h agoChanges in functional brain organization with aging show a trajectory of desegregation, linked to neural dedifferentiation and cognitive decline, and are better captured by age-targeted analytical frameworks.
1664h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) detects whether patterns can be learned, helping animals to focus on true relationships and avoid false inferences about random associations.
1664h agoThe prefrontal cortex uses a neural subspace to track value computations when weighing options, with midcingulate and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex areas showing dynamics that reflect foraging-like computation.
1668h agoChildren with developmental coordination disorder show disrupted rate modulation of specific beta burst waveform motifs, which correlates with their motor ability and may underlie their motor difficulties.
1668h agoBehaviors with different cognitive demands are supported by a single low-dimensional neural structure that expands or contracts depending on the level of cognitive load.
1668h agoMice learning a new task use policy-gradient-like rules to acquire the task better than classical reinforcement learning algorithms.
1668h agoThe brain and artificial neural networks exploit environmental regularities to improve efficiency by encoding more information about high-probability stimuli, but feedback pathways help maintain robust generalization by regulating the impact of biased input statistics.
1672h agoArtificial neural networks used to model the human visual system are fragile and their response predictions are sensitive to small, imperceptible changes, but robust models capture the local coding dimensions of the visual system and produce generalizable and semantically meaningful changes.
1672h agoThe absence of language-based confounding factors in Minimal Phenomenal Experience states allows for a purer form of consciousness, suggesting that language plays a key role in shaping our everyday conscious experience.
1672h agoContrastive Embedding for Behavioral and Neural Analysis (CEBRA) learns meaningful representations of joint neural activity in social interactions, capturing individual roles and behavioral metrics.
1672h agoLocked-in state patients' ability to communicate through brain-computer interfaces is limited due to impairments in executive functions, working memory, and vigilance.
1672h agoNeuroAI combines insights from brain function with artificial intelligence to design intelligent systems, and its central area, synthetic biological intelligence, integrates biological neural networks with engineered hardware and software.
1672h agoTopographic organization, where neurons with similar response properties are spatially clustered, emerges in a new class of auditory models called TopoAudio, which are trained to classify speech and environmental sounds.
1672h agoBrainHarmonix, a multimodal brain foundation model, unites brain structure and function into compact representations and achieves strong performance in tasks such as disorder classification and cognition prediction.
1672h agoA new framework that uses complex-valued math to analyze brain activity helps reveal the functional organization of the brain by improving predictions of brain dynamics and uncovering new insights into brain structure and connectivity.
1672h agoPhrase structure construction can precede category detection and dominate lexical influences during sentence processing, with readers' eye movements and brain activity showing that syntax plays a leading role in organizing text.
1672h agoCorText, a new framework, integrates neural activity into a large language model, enabling natural language interaction with brain data and generating accurate image captions and detailed answers.
1672h agoA Bayesian meta-learning framework converts raw functional predictions from normative theories into tractable probabilistic models that improve data-driven fits of real biological datasets.
1672h agoNeuromodulation helps artificial neural networks adapt to changing environments and improve performance by enhancing learning flexibility and robustness.
1672h agoMutations in the NaV1.1 sodium channel alter its function, leading to a severe reduction in firing rate and depolarization block in fast-spiking inhibitory neurons, which may contribute to Dravet syndrome.
1672h agoBrainPath, a 3D generative framework, predicts anatomically faithful MRIs at any timepoint from a single baseline scan and captures realistic and temporally consistent individual brain aging patterns.
1672h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy creates lightweight Transformer-based models for spiking neural networks that use fewer parameters and less computing power without losing performance.
1672h agoA novel framework uses human neural organoids to investigate how internal world models form and adapt, enabling agents to understand, predict, and interact with their environment.
1672h agoDissipative-soliton resonance emerges naturally in strongly chirped dissipative solitons, providing a direct pathway to high-energy femtosecond oscillators without external amplification.
1672h agoMultifractal analysis of multimodal biosignals provides reliable features for characterizing cardiac recovery after physical exertion.
1672h agoThe perturbed oscillators-step system exhibits a transition from rotational to discontinuous behavior in its return map, and a hovering set of non-resonant orbits exists for certain parameters.
1672h agoProgrammable quantum devices control quantum chaotic dynamics using conditional feedback, and experiments with up to 100 qubits show a dynamical phase transition between quantum and classical dynamics.
1672h agoHadrons carry gauge-invariant charges, according to calculations of correlation functions on baryon and meson states in two-dimensional Yang-Mills theories.
1672h agoActive nematics exhibit critical states marked by slowed defect density relaxation, amplified fluctuations, and heightened sensitivity to activity, leading to long-ranged defect interactions and giant number fluctuations of topological defects.
1672h agoCities have spatial structures that encode different amounts of information at various scales, with richer and poorer households being more segregated than middle-income groups.
1672h agoCoordination across multiple agents and objectives faces fundamental thermodynamic constraints that force systems to simplify and change dynamically, leading to metastable states and requiring radical information loss.
1672h agoMixing particles of different sizes in a binary colloid under an AC electric field produces persistent active clusters that fragment and reassemble through asymmetric pair propulsion and spray-like fission.
1672h agoThe model of deep water surface gravity waves shows a finite-time transfer of energy from large scales to small scales for a range of phase parameters, and exhibits a bifurcation in blowup scenario as the phase parameter increases.
1672h agoAn unsupervised classifying agent can spontaneously align with the underlying structure of its environment and multiple agents can reach consensus through mutual influence.
1672h agoOptimizing the topology of a linear reservoir computer improves its performance and interpretability by decoupling its dynamics into independent modes and selecting an optimal connectivity based on a set of eigenvalues.
1672h agoAn infinite set of non-local integrals of motion exists for the deformed $W$-algebra associated with certain affine Lie algebras.
1672h agoThe Camassa-Holm equation has solutions made up of infinitely many peaked solitons that can be recovered from the moments of the underlying spectral measure using the inverse spectral transform method.
1672h agoThe semiclassical theory shows that the thermalization timescale of a quantum system is inversely proportional to the phase-space gradient of the Hamiltonian.
1672h agoInjecting a low-power single-mode seed into a chirped-pulse oscillator can enhance the energy scalability of dissipative solitons, but also leads to instability and a threshold-like transition to multiple-pulse generation.
1672h agoHigher-order interactions and non-Gaussian L\'{e}vy noise affect synchronization in complex networks, with synchronization weakening as the stability index decreases and disappearing when the scale parameter exceeds a critical threshold.
1672h agoIntermittent large velocity excursions in turbulent flows are characterized by two types of intermittency: magnitude intermittency and clustering intermittency, with the latter having received increasing attention in recent decades as a key aspect of turbulent flows.
1672h agoCombining spatial resolution with nonlinear probing capabilities reveals distinctive many-body signatures in interacting quantum systems, including asymmetric cross-peaks and anharmonicity, through momentum-resolved two-dimensional spectroscopy.
1672h agoA novel framework called Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging (SIOI) helps improve image inpainting by extracting object-level representations from complex scenes, leading to better performance and robustness in various conditions.
1672h agoA novel twelve-component and six-component semi-discrete nonlinear system was developed, which can model charge transportation and the actions of external parametric drive and magnetic field on quasi-one-dimensional lattices.
1672h agoThe analysis of correlation functions of quantum spin chains with general integrable boundary conditions reveals a method to compute these functions using the quantum separation of variables approach.
1672h agoModel reduction uses a few key variables to describe complex systems, and a new approach identifies these variables by finding those most predictive of the future using the information bottleneck.
1672h agoInvariant measures expressed in time-delay coordinates can identify the dynamics of a physical system up to a topological conjugacy, and combining measures from multiple delay frames with distinct observables allows for unique identification of the system.
1672h agoStrongly-interacting many-body chaotic systems have non-monotonic equilibrium energy distributions that differ from the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein forms.
1672h agoThe boson-fermion coupling enhances the stability of the quantum spin-glass phase and modifies the dynamics of both bosons and fermions.
1672h agoHyperuniform disorder induces a sharp delocalization transition and emergence of mobility edges in tight-binding chains, breaking the traditional paradigm that any disorder localizes all states in one dimension.
1672h agoAn unsupervised classifying agent can spontaneously align with the underlying structure of its environment and multiple agents can reach consensus through mutual influence.
1672h agoA configurational distance metric effectively unifies energy dissipation data across diverse preparation histories and testing protocols in glass materials.
1672h agoExceptional points in disordered three-dimensional non-Hermitian systems introduce new universality classes of Anderson localization transitions with distinct critical exponents.
1672h agoStrong mutualistic interactions in a network produce power law abundance distributions in a critical region of the phase diagram, identifiable as a Griffiths phase.
1672h agoThe geometric evolution of elastic domain-wall loops in two dimensions follows closed dynamical equations that link area and perimeter, enabling predictions for domain dynamics under various conditions.
1672h agoProgrammable quantum devices control quantum chaotic dynamics using conditional feedback, and experiments with up to 100 qubits show a dynamical phase transition between quantum and classical dynamics.
1672h agoDisorder in high entropy alloys plays a crucial role in their novel properties, with the crystal structure and compositional disorder affecting the electronic structure, and strong intrinsic disorder localizing charge carriers in osmium-based superconducting high entropy alloys.
1672h agoTraining large language models with Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards follows a predictable process of structural self-organization, where the model's reasoning process maps to a sparse semantic complex network that drives learning, forgetting, and skill acquisition.
1672h agoThe Tensor Network Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach generates unbiased samples of the Boltzmann distribution in 3D spin glasses and other large disordered systems much faster than conventional methods.
1672h agoEcological interactions between parents and mutants alter fixation probabilities and lead to prolonged parent-mutant coexistence in complex communities.
1672h agoNeural scaling laws for quadratic and diagonal neural networks show a detailed phase diagram of scaling exponents of excess risk based on sample complexity and weight decay.
1672h agoThe study derives sharp asymptotics for training and test errors in a single-head tied-attention layer and finds that weight decay induces low-rank query and key matrices, revealing the inductive bias introduced by factorized matrix training.
1672h agoThe shrinkage of thin layers of heterogeneous materials attached to a substrate breaks into two distinct phases: a damage phase where the layer cracks but remains intact, and a fragmentation phase where it disintegrates into small pieces.
1672h agoMigration must be strong enough to prevent extreme concentration on the fastest growing site when random growth rates and redistribution compete.
1672h agoStealthy disorder allows the localization length of the Anderson model in one dimension to exceed the system size for a range of stealthiness values, leading to effective delocalization.
1672h agoThe competition between a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic modulation in a one-dimensional lattice causes robust reentrant localization transitions, which are stabilized by the dimer structure of the unit cell.
1672h agoMulti-modal inference outperforms analyzing modalities in isolation, with a Bayes-optimal performance gain in a high-dimensional model where latent structures are recovered from two noisy data matrices with correlated spikes.
1672h agoThe relaxation timescales in a disordered spin-1/2 XX ladder model are connected to transport properties, with the RMT time scaling quadratically with system size and upper bounding the Thouless times, and spin diffusion proceeding faster than energy diffusion.
1672h agoNeural fields enable super-resolution reconstruction and novel view synthesis of brain MRI scans, improving visualization of micro-anatomical structures and providing a clinically viable approach for neurosurgical planning.
1676h agoPeople with aphasia after a stroke have varying levels of attention deficits, especially in orienting and executive control, which are linked to the severity of their aphasia and affect their ability to understand sentences.
1676h agoInfantile memories remain stored in hippocampal circuits and can be reinstated through a carefully orchestrated network process involving contextual reminders and offline reactivation.
1676h agoOlder adults use a more constrained and stability-focused neural control approach, with less flexible cortical and muscular responses, to compensate for age-related sensorimotor changes.
1680h agoCortical energy consumption corresponds closely with retinotopic representation, suggesting that metabolic resources are shaped by the processing demands of visual perception.
1680h agoAmyloid accumulation and brain network dysfunction are linked in Alzheimer's disease, with distinct brain regions and networks showing changes at different stages of disease progression.
1680h agoAstrocyte activation corrects memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice by increasing neuronal activity, improving long-term plasticity, and reducing beta-amyloid plaques.
1680h agoLow-intensity ultrasound stimulation of specific deep brain structures, such as the globus pallidus internus and the pulvinar, improves visual attention by accelerating reaction time in a visual search task.
1680h agoEquitable data relationships through culturally appropriate governance and technical infrastructure are needed to improve health outcomes for Indigenous Peoples using genomics-focused neuroscience.
1684h agoPure awareness in experienced meditation practitioners is characterized by enhanced neural diversity and aperiodic dynamics, and is stabilized by slow-frequency oscillatory synchronization.
1684h agoAlzheimer's disease affects the gut by causing early changes in the enteric nervous system, including increased neuronal excitability and intestinal motility, and later leads to structural and synaptic changes.
1684h agoDisrupted sleep patterns in Alzheimer's disease are caused by hyperactivity in the Locus Coeruleus, which is linked to impaired potassium channel function and can be treated by targeting 2A adrenergic receptors and Kv7 channels.
1684h agoBrain health is a dynamic process shaped by genetic and environmental influences throughout development, and early-life experiences modulate long-term cognitive and emotional outcomes.
1696h agoIterative Neural Similarity Deflation (INSD) breaks the simplicity bias in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained on neuroscience-style tasks, generating alternative solutions with distinct neural activity patterns and sometimes superior performance.
1696h agoA bio-inspired neural model based on interacting populations of rate neurons achieves robust performance in solving stochastic bandit problems, matching standard algorithms and exhibiting adaptive behavior.
1696h agoCycle closure in neural state space is the fundamental mechanism of memory and consciousness, where invariant cycles serve as carriers of meaning by filtering noise and preserving what persists across contexts.
1696h agoHigh-resolution neural datasets enable foundation models for brain-computer interfaces and neurological treatments, and Neuroprobe provides a suite of decoding tasks to study language processing in the brain, allowing researchers to determine when and where computations occur and compare competing modeling approaches.
1696h agoThe human brain organizes visual information in a scale-free way, with neural representations in the visual cortex following a consistent pattern where their variance decreases as a power law across four orders of magnitude of latent dimensions.
1696h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information over time accurately predicts distributed cortical responses to naturalistic stimuli in the brain.
1696h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes brain signals in methamphetamine users, making their brain activity more similar to that of healthy people, and gamma brain wave patterns can be used to distinguish between users who received rTMS and those who did not.
1696h agoAlzheimer's Disease detection can be improved by using sample-specific soft scores and two new methods, Soft Target Distillation and Instance-level Re-balancing, that address within-class heterogeneity and instance-level imbalance.
1696h agoThe controllability of a broad class of recurrent neural networks can be achieved using constant and piecewise constant inputs, allowing for the synthesis of controls that solve a two-point boundary value problem in state space.
1696h agoIntervener Complexity, which measures the number of intervening heads between a head and its dependent, and linear distance both predict sentence-level memory load, with sentence length having the broadest influence.
1696h agoThe algebraic quantisation approach allows integrable non-Abelian differential--difference equations, including the Toda hierarchy and a wide range of integrable lattices, to have a bi-quantum structure and explicit quantisation ideals.
1696h agoHybridizing a physics-based model with machine learning improves the accuracy of analyses and forecasts, especially when trained on high-quality data such as ERA5 reanalyses.
1696h agoElectric fields can control wrinkling in soft film-substrate composites, and the critical conditions for wrinkling are determined by the shear modulus ratio and pre-stretch of the material.
1696h agoThe Brauns-Marchetti model exhibits dynamics including traveling periodic wave-trains and spatiotemporal chaos, and its interface dynamics can be described by a modified version of the classical Mullins-Sekerka equations.
1696h agoA dynamical phase transition occurs in a 2D interacting many-body system, where information spreading changes from localized to chaotic with a sharp change in behavior.
1696h agoA physics-informed neural operator framework accurately predicts complex flow behaviour in kinetic systems by capturing the evolution of single-particle distribution functions without needing to explicitly solve the collision kernel.
1696h agoScientists create and study bright matter-wave solitons in optical lattices using an optical accordion lattice with tunable spacing.
1696h agoCombining Gaussian process regression with dynamic mode decomposition alleviates problems with kernel-based Koopman algorithms, including high computational demands and sensitivity to sensor noise.
1696h agoDeep neural networks and brains share a unified theoretical framework, with equations describing neuronal avalanches in brains also applying to activity cascades in neural networks, showing that networks learn best when poised between absorbing and active phases.
1696h agoThe pentagram map remains integrable for any stably finite ground ring, and its generalizations to different geometries can be viewed as pentagram maps in the projective plane over specific rings.
1696h agoThe Glider Equation, derived from Asymptotic Lenia, helps discover stable glider configurations and optimize update rules to find novel gliders with specific properties.
1696h agoThe synergy between two different learning policies in a resource allocation game leads to a phase transition and prevents long-term under-utilization of resources.
1696h agoChaotic synchronization occurs in two coherently coupled dissipative time crystals, marked by a crossover from staggered to uniform magnetization.
1696h agoMultiple localization transitions occur in a one-dimensional lattice with a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic modulation, and are stabilized by the dimer structure of the unit cell.
1696h agoMemory effects are necessary to accurately describe localization and transport in disordered systems, and a metric called "outgoing-pseudoflux" can be used to find signatures of localization and transport.
1696h agoDeep neural networks and brains share a unified theoretical framework, with equations describing neuronal avalanches in brains also applying to activity cascades in neural networks, showing that networks learn best when poised between absorbing and active phases.
1696h agoA universal model explains the properties of urban street networks by generating networks that match real-world patterns using a simple two-step mechanism.
1696h agoSoftmax attention achieves optimal performance in a single-location regression task, outperforming linear attention, because it achieves the Bayes risk at the population level and consistently performs better in the finite-sample regime.
1696h agoThe spectral distributions of one-dimensional arrays of subwavelength resonators can be characterised in terms of their constituent blocks, and their spectral gaps and edge-induced eigenmodes can be fully described.
1696h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: The study of a disordered Bose-Hubbard model reveals that symmetry-resolved entanglement exhibits entropic reduction at weak disorder, an abrupt formation of an entropy imbalance pattern, and a cluster MBL regime unique to Bose statistics.
1696h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function shows GUE-type oscillations at low energies and matches results from the cavity equation approach at high energies.
1696h agoTwo novel dynamical scaling laws govern how model performance evolves during training, relating performance to different norm-based complexity measures.
1696h agoThe initialisation of neural networks can be optimised using a simple algorithm that identifies the correct choice of initialisation hyper-parameters to prevent failure modes and ensure smooth training.
1696h agoNon-interacting spin-wave theory predicts the exact diffusion constant for a kinetically-constrained hopping process on a triangular lattice with specific properties.
1696h agoA primitive form of intuition emerges in large predictive models when they balance short-term prediction with long-term exploration, producing genuine insight beyond mere memorization of training data.
1696h agoNonreciprocal interactions can change the universality class of pairs of asymmetrically coupled systems undergoing a phase transition, according to criteria based on unperturbed critical exponents.
1696h agoWorking memory contents are adaptively distributed across the nervous system to guide actions, with visual information being expressed in patterns of eye and hand movements during a memory delay, and the distribution of this motor activity shifting depending on the task requirements.
1700h agoHuman DRG-derived cells, HD10.6, exhibit nociceptive properties, including pain-sensing machinery, electrical functionality, and opioid receptor response, mirroring human nociceptors and providing a model for studying pain sensation and developing therapeutic drugs.
1700h agoDisrupted protein homeostasis and neuroinflammation drive FOXG1 syndrome pathogenesis, causing severe brain development disruptions, cognitive impairments, and neurological defects.
1700h agoLRRK2 mutations disrupt iron homeostasis in cells, causing elevated iron storage and increasing vulnerability to ferroptosis, a process that can lead to cell death.
1700h agoDendritic slow inward and fast outward currents mainly contribute to afterdepolarization potentials and spike-adding, and their effects are modulated by dendritic size, passive properties, and calcium influx.
1700h agoTmem117 in oligodendrocytes regulates the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia by controlling intracellular calcium dynamics, and its depletion leads to myelin deficits and defects in glucose homeostasis.
1700h agoPsychopathy stems from abnormalities across a collection of brain regions, including the insular and prefrontal cortices, rather than isolated areas.
1700h agoProline-Rich Transmembrane Protein2 (PRRT2) regulates sodium channel slow inactivation, facilitating entry into this state and delaying recovery, which supports cortical resilience.
1700h agoThe transition to motherhood results in changes to brain structure and function that enhance cognitive abilities, particularly spatial learning and cognitive flexibility, which help mothers navigate their environment and care for their offspring.
1700h agoThe visual system adapts to repeated sensory events by selectively reducing motor responses to irrelevant stimuli while maintaining reflexive inhibition, allowing it to stay responsive to new stimuli.
1700h agoAcute aerobic exercise enhances memory formation by inducing minor DNA damage that serves as a necessary primer for memory consolidation, a mechanism that may be impaired in Alzheimer's disease.
1700h agoPRISM, a new platform, integrates protein barcodes with tissue imaging to map neuronal morphology and molecular annotations, enabling accurate automatic tracing of neurons and characterization of synaptic structures.
1700h agoTHC disrupts mouse behavior by altering the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, leading to motor impairment.
1700h agoGlial cell-surface protein DIP-{beta} down-regulation during aging can contribute to brain aging, and its overexpression in glial cells increases lifespan by improving cell-cell communication.
1700h agoAging involves declines in motor function during dual tasks, and this is linked to changes in brain networks, with motor networks showing reorganization and cognitive networks showing compensatory recruitment.
1700h agoBrain oscillations, particularly theta oscillations, facilitate verbal learning and influence the strategies people use to encode information, with different patterns supporting semantic and serial clustering.
1700h agoHigher exposure to certain air pollutants is associated with more perivascular spaces in the brain and poorer cognitive performance in preadolescents.
1700h agoSex differences exist in human brain white matter, with distinct structural connectivity patterns in females and males.
1700h agoVoltage imaging analysis needs to be tailored to different experimental settings to ensure data integrity and interpretation.
1700h agoDopamine receptor sensitivity is associated with the tendency to attribute incentive salience to reward cues and with sensitivity to cocaine's appetitive effects.
1700h agoPropensity score matching reduces systematic bias in neuroimaging research by matching groups on scan quality metrics, leading to more comparable groups and generalizable results.
1700h agoOlder individuals exhibit changes in brain dynamics, including stronger global coupling and a shift towards a supercritical regime, indicating a systematic reconfiguration of whole-brain dynamics with age.
1700h agoThe cGAS-STING immune pathway fuels neuropathology and cognitive deficits in tauopathies, and disrupting this pathway restores immune homeostasis and attenuates tau pathology and cognitive deficits.
1700h agoChanges in brain functioning relate to changes in behavior within individuals, and brain responses to rewards are more accurately studied within-person rather than between-person.
1700h agoPeople learn to balance an unstable inverted pendulum more easily when its natural dynamics align with their control strategies and abilities.
1700h agoFocal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) shows subtype-specific changes in biomarker expression, particularly in the mTOR signaling pathway, which is centrally involved in cortical malformations.
1700h agoSpinal cord disinhibition converts most excitatory neurons into highly polymodal cells, unmasking a previously dormant excitatory circuit that spans both superficial and deep dorsal horn laminae, leading to neuropathic pain.
1700h agoPredicting how brain features change over time improves the accuracy of seizure forecasting models that use continuous intracranial EEG recordings.
1700h agoThe human prefrontal cortex shows a clear response to different levels of stimulation, with its activity increasing in a predictable, S-shaped curve in more than half of healthy participants.
1700h agoLearning new words in a second language works best through overall exposure and cumulative practice, and leads to more efficient neural processing and a reorganization of semantic processing.
1700h agoA history of depression in people with Huntington's disease is associated with reduced flexibility in brain connections, particularly in pathways involving the striatum and hippocampus.
1704h agoShort-pulse oxygen inhalation boosts creative problem-solving by enhancing both the quality and quantity of creative ideas.
1704h agoCortical areas with similar myeloarchitecture show similar patterns of gene co-expression in key neuronal cell types, and follow coordinated developmental trajectories across the cortical hierarchy in marmosets.
1712h agoPropagation mapping, a novel framework, accurately predicts the spatial organization of brain maps by modeling regional signal amplitude and connectivity.
1712h agoDscam1 shapes presynaptic architecture and supports circuit performance by regulating presynaptic terminal size, which in turn affects the distribution of synaptic proteins and overall circuit function.
1712h agoLocal thalamic interneurons play a crucial role in regulating brain activity during sleep and sensory learning by inducing rebound oscillations and controlling spindle formation.
1712h agoBeta bursts in the amygdala and hippocampus coordinate emotional processing by regulating neural activity, specifically suppressing hippocampal firing during negative emotions.
1712h agoAlpha-band neural oscillations directly affect visual detection by modulating sensitivity through changes in internal noise and sensory tuning to relevant stimulus features.
1716h agoThe prediction of future fasting rapidly activates AgRP neurons, which cause hunger, through excitatory input from paraventricular hypothalamic neurons expressing Sim2.
1716h agoCerebrovascular inflammation compromises blood-brain barrier integrity in Alzheimer's disease through a specific pathway involving the NF-KB-associated endothelial gene module endoM2.
1716h agoA standardized protocol improves the accuracy and consistency of synapse identification in volumetric electron microscopy by combining machine learning and human annotation.
1728h agoThe brain builds predictive models by creating compositional representations that enable flexibility and adaptability, allowing it to generalize to new environments by combining independent modules.
1736h agoVisual information provides two independent benefits to listening: one through lip reading and the other through enhanced auditory streaming.
1736h agoCognitive flexibility is linked to two neural signatures: a transient frontal theta increase and a sustained alpha/beta suppression, which occur during task switching and are distinct from general cognitive abilities.
1736h agoDuring human brain development, neurons increase the GluN2A subunit of NMDA receptors, which helps regulate their function, and this change is crucial for normal NMDA receptor activity.
1736h agoThe prediction of a trajectory is temporarily stopped after a change in the trajectory, and the cerebellum helps to process and adjust this prediction.
1736h agoAn automated method using deep learning helps a visual neuroprosthesis generate optimal stimulation patterns that evoke targeted neural responses, improving sight restoration in a blind participant.
1748h agoRespiratory alignment is dynamically adjusted according to task demands, with people aligning their breathing more consistently around stimulus onset for trials that require more effort or have stricter deadlines.
1748h agoEMO predicts how noncoding variants regulate gene expression across tissues and single cells by integrating DNA sequence and chromatin accessibility data.
1756h agoA brain rhythm-based inference model shows that rhythmic neural activity enables robust speech processing by dynamically predicting context.
1756h agoSensory information converges onto a common output neuron, MBON-m1, which encodes whether cues are attractive or repulsive and guides navigation.
1756h agoDifferent hormonal environments influence widespread brain volume changes linked to progesterone or estradiol.
1760h agoReducing plasma cholesterol levels protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss by preserving cochlear outer hair cells, and this is the mechanism by which statins exert their protective effect.
1760h agoNDNF cortical interneurons presynaptically inhibit somatostatin interneurons in Layer1 of the visual cortex, modulating inhibitory responses in pyramidal neurons and enabling context-dependent visual processing during specific behavioral conditions.
1764h agoThe feedback circuit from retrosplenial cortex to primary visual cortex relays selective visual signals that match the region of the visual field being processed and predict upcoming visual activity during movement.
1764h agoThe posterior insular cortex generates a plastic representation of an auditory cue during fear learning, driven by long-term potentiation of an associative cortical input.
1764h agoMemory engrams change over time as neurons switch and brain regions interact, and this process allows for memory consolidation.
1764h agoStimulation of NMDA receptors triggers a signaling pathway that disassembles RNP granules, leading to local protein synthesis and axonal regeneration.
1764h agoNaked mole-rats have a greatly expanded cold sensing system, with more cold-sensitive sensory neurons and multiple mechanisms to detect cold, which helps them adapt to their environment.
1764h agoSARS-CoV-2 infection causes widespread changes in DNA methylation in the blood, with more severe cases showing greater changes, and these changes may link to long-term neurological and psychiatric disorders.
1764h agoA dual-path framework reconstructs natural and intelligible speech from brain recordings by concurrently decoding acoustic and linguistic representations.
1764h agoThe striatum plays a key role in determining whether a goal is worth the required cognitive effort by encoding both the benefits and costs of actions.
1764h agoPeople with subjective cognitive decline have weaker brain responses to certain types of speech, especially less engaging and prosodically flat speech.
1768h agoIntervener Complexity, which measures the number of intervening heads between a head and its dependent, is positively associated with sentence-level memory load, along with sentence length and dependency length.
1768h agoSpeech foundation models' alignment with brain responses is mainly driven by their ability to learn and encode simple speech features, and they exhibit a trade-off between encoding low-level and high-level features across layers.
1768h agoNeural networks with ReLU activation function operate in an affine manner over convex polyhedra, and their representations have homology groups isomorphic to quotient homology groups, allowing intrinsic calculation of Betti numbers.
1768h agoA new technique called ML-PWS uses machine learning to accurately calculate the information transmission rate of stochastic systems from experimental time-series data.
1768h agoNonreciprocal interactions in oscillator networks drive spatiotemporal chaos through two distinct pathways, either by amplifying instabilities or broadening eigenfrequency distributions, while dissipative nonlinearities suppress chaos.
1768h agoThe Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) matrix model represents quantum chaotic systems with time-reversal symmetry, and its universal level statistics can be expressed in a topological expansion with a finite radius of convergence.
1768h agoSpatial structure plays a crucial role in the evolution of cooperative behavior, and random and directed motion affect spatial pattern formation and population payoff in a hawk-dove game.
1768h agoA non-commutative five-dimensional Chern-Simons theory compactifies to a Lagrangian formulation of the KP equation, which describes a three-dimensional integrable system.
1768h agoNew families of classical stochastic dynamics stabilize order in two and higher dimensions without symmetry, with some models maintaining order only in two dimensions.
1768h agoThe Stochastic Box-Ball System, a probabilistic cellular automaton, exhibits long-term behavior governed by isolated particles and occasional emergence of short solitons, which rarely form longer solitons.
1768h agoA deterministic denoising algorithm based on Markov chains improves efficiency and sample quality in text and image generation tasks for discrete-state diffusion models.
1768h agoTwo coherently coupled dissipative time crystals exhibit chaotic synchronization with a crossover from staggered to uniform magnetization, and this behavior persists in finite-size quantum dynamics.
1768h agoA new methodology analyzes chaotic itinerancy in dynamical systems using entropy and clustering algorithms to identify quasi-stable states and chaotic transitions.
1768h agoThe two-star random graph model has a set of auxiliary variables that control its thermodynamic limit as the number of vertices tends to infinity.
1768h agoElectromagnetic waves in pair plasma experience Anderson self-localization, leading to reflection and separation into trapped pockets, due to random density fluctuations created by the waves themselves.
1768h agoThe particle-scale dynamics of highly concentrated particle-fluid mixtures transition smoothly among viscous, collisional, and visco-collisional behaviours as material properties and applied stresses change.
1768h agoSize-dependent critical states exhibit critical localization signatures only at finite sizes but transition to Anderson localization in the thermodynamic limit.
1768h agoTailoring the cellular nanostructure of samarium-cobalt-based magnets improves magnetic performance by enhancing coercivity through specific nanostructural and magnetic features.
1768h agoEntanglement asymmetry grows in two scenarios where symmetry is broken, exhibiting overshooting behavior, and remains broken in one scenario, consistent with quantum thermalization principles.
1768h agoA method for analyzing the joint probability density of an eigenvalue and its associated right eigenvector for non-Hermitian random matrices is suggested, allowing derivation of the density in specific cases and providing insights into eigenvalue and eigenvector distributions.
1768h agoThe theory predicts the densest packing fraction of bidisperse disc packings based on the sizes ratio and concentrations of the disc types.
1768h agoGuillain-Barré syndrome causes weakness, sensory loss, and neuropathic pain through immune responses that involve specific interactions between leukocytes and peripheral nervous system cells.
1768h agoGenome editing using the RHO1-2 meganuclease arrests rod photoreceptor degeneration, restores retinal function, and maintains cones in a large animal model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa caused by the P23H mutation in the rhodopsin gene.
1768h agoMeditative states of consciousness, known as minimal phenomenal experiences, are associated with a shift in brain activity towards a more flexible and open state, where usual patterns of brain activity give way to generalized flexibility.
1768h agoVisual onsets suppress the generation of saccades, and the direction of saccades that do occur reflects the neural responses to visual stimuli in the brain, with vision dominating sound in this process.
1768h agoAntibodies against amyloid-beta distribute not only to amyloid plaques but also to neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels in the brain.
1768h agoThe interactions of turbulent vortices in the brain provide a framework for understanding cognition and brain computation.
1768h agoDepletion of the enzyme dNmnat causes axon degeneration, and mutations that suppress this degeneration reveal new links between NAD-related metabolites and neuronal survival.
1768h agoA mathematical framework based on an exponential map model creates transparent neural representations of physical space, revealing exact algebraic conditions for key properties such as path invariance, translational invariance, and metric preservation.
1768h agoMicroglia show the strongest evidence for disease association across a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, and a specific microglial signature can be used as a biomarker for conserved microglial activation.
1768h agoThe analysis identifies causal regulatory genes and their networks across different brain cell types, revealing established and novel regulations, pathways, and hub genes involved in Alzheimer's disease.
1768h agoThe database provides high-quality brain imaging data from 40 participants, including scans from movie-watching and sensory mapping tasks, to support the study of brain function.
1768h agoDynamic Network States (DyNeStE) model successfully recovers dynamic brain network states and captures long-range temporal dependencies in network dynamics, providing an interpretable framework for understanding large-scale neural activity.
1768h agoReal-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback using representational similarity analysis helps people change their emotional states by providing visual feedback on brain activity, allowing them to shift towards specific emotional patterns.
1768h agoAging alters the use and representation of boundary information, leading to changes in spatial memory, with older adults relying more heavily on proximity to boundaries when navigating and recalling object locations.
1768h agoPreparatory activity in the human motor cortex encodes diverse features of upcoming movements, including direction, curvature, distance, and speed, which can be used to improve brain-computer interfaces.
1768h agoChronic stress alters the activity of the lateral habenula, a key brain region for decision-making, in a sex-dependent manner, without impairing behavioral flexibility.
1768h agoNeural networks develop different strategies to recall information, and the best ones use a stimulus-invariant index code that focuses on the position of each item, creating a stable scaffold for forward recall.
1768h agoDistraction has a unique neural signature characterized by attenuated event-related potentials and weaker large-scale neural coordination, which can be reliably predicted by EEG activity.
1768h agoA novel device that delivers smells in sync with a person's breathing cycle reveals that neural activity changes during the first inhalation after smelling an odor, and this change can accurately classify individual odor identification.
1768h agoTranscranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS) stimulation causes neurodegeneration in brain regions associated with stimulation and in functionally connected areas, even without disrupting motor skills.
1768h agoA new human cell-based model allows for the study of connections between corticospinal and spinal motor neurons, mimicking the human corticospinal tract and enabling research into neurodegenerative diseases.
1768h agoAmphisomes containing BDNF/TrkB that can signal are formed at presynaptic boutons after high-frequency stimulation and contribute to the fast turnover of key presynaptic proteins.
1768h agoAuditory cues guide eye movements to expected locations during navigation, and removing them impairs predictive gaze and increases collisions.
1768h agoThe Minds AI Filter, a lightweight physics-based method, enhances neural activity in EEG data while suppressing non-neural noise by exploiting spatial structure and band-aware synchrony.
1768h agoA computational model based on the concept of "memory" predicts activity-dependent conduction velocity changes of action potentials in unmyelinated axons with low errors.
1768h agoBeta cortico-cortical coherence between motor cortex and other cortical regions better predicts movement vigor than beta power.
1768h agoA new method uses ultra-high resolution MRI to infer cell types and molecular pathways in the brain, allowing for the prediction of disease features in Parkinson's patients.
1768h agoSlower movement speeds improve edge-orientation discrimination, while faster speeds worsen it, and people's natural movement speed does not predict their ability to discriminate edge orientation.
1768h agoEliminating gap junctions in mice impairs their ability to discriminate between similar odors, and reduces the excitation of output cells in the olfactory bulb in response to sensory stimulation.
1768h agoThe sensorimotor system controls bilateral arm movements by adjusting coordination along movement direction and extent independently based on task demands, prioritizing corrections for deviations that impact task goals.
1768h agoAbsence seizures occur when brain dynamics are confined to a chaotic attractor, driven by synchronized feedback loops between the cortex, thalamus, and specific neurons, leading to sudden lapses in consciousness.
1772h agoStructural connectivity helps regulate functional brain signals differently in control and semantic cognitive systems as people age, particularly around midlife.
1772h agoConscious awareness of a stimulus can emerge retrospectively, following a rhythmically structured and temporally constrained process that involves damped oscillations in attention and perception.
1772h agoNeural representations of familiar peers are initially similar across people, but become more unique to each individual over time as they gain personal experiences.
1772h agoA 3D map of a pygmy squid's nervous system was created using X-ray holographic nanotomography, revealing large-scale connectivity and major body regions.
1772h agoThe brain encodes complex motion signals in a structured and distributed code, extracting individual features in a specific order and combining them through a simple summation mechanism.
1776h agoGABAergic lung-stretch feedback circuits promote rhythmic breathing by creating a temporary stable state that terminates diaphragmatic contraction, while glutamatergic signaling opposes this effect to promote rapid inspiration.
1776h agoCombining whole-brain activity imaging with electron microscopy allows identifying neurons with specific functions, and this approach reveals a distributed network of brain neurons involved in processing painful stimuli in Drosophila larva.
1776h agoThe accumulation of specific types of tau protein, called bioactive oligomers, which are small and phosphorylated on their surface, can induce seeding and templated misfolding in cells and support the formation of fibrils.
1776h agoA new tool accelerates the segmentation of brain MRI scans, enabling fast and highly granular analysis of brain structure at a fraction of the computational cost of existing methods.
1780h agoOctopamine signaling from specific clock neurons regulates long-term memory in Drosophila, with octopamine from LNds essential for memory maintenance and octopamine from Pdf neurons essential for memory consolidation.
1780h agoLarge language models offer promises and perils across scientific domains, with emerging applications and challenges to overcome.
1780h agoProgenitors born at E16 generate NG2-glia with enhanced proliferative capacity, while those born at P0 are more likely to form oligodendrocytes, establishing a developmental framework for adult NG2-glia heterogeneity.
1784h agoBrain activity has rhythmic and arrhythmic components that contribute to conscious perception, and standard analytic methods often confuse these two components, but an alternative approach can effectively separate them.
1784h agoAmphisomes in neurons integrate degradative transport with activity-dependent signalling.
1784h agoCooperative behavior relies on specific strategies, which are disrupted in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder, leading to deficits in adaptive behavior.
1784h agoGlutamatergic synapses between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the caudal pontine reticular nucleus contribute to sensorimotor gating regulation and are a potential therapeutic target for disorders with impaired sensorimotor gating, such as schizophrenia.
1784h agoGluN3A subunits form excitatory glycine receptors that regulate cell and circuit excitability in the hippocampus through direct excitation of specific interneurons, influencing brain development, plasticity, and function.
1784h agoBrain networks switch between different states to meet energy demands, and girls and boys differ in these states, with better cognitive performance linked to more flexible switching.
1784h agoCalpain-2 inhibition or deletion increases neurogenesis and maturation of dendritic spines in adult mice by increasing levels of the transcription factor MEIS2.
1784h agoA new computer network called RAVEN can increase the resolution of brain MRI images, allowing for better detection of subtle changes related to healthy aging and disease.
1788h agoDifferential phase shifts across grid cell modules form the basis for the orthogonalization of downstream hippocampal spatial codes during remapping.
1788h agoIschemia and spreading depolarization disrupt normal brain function by altering ion concentrations, with calcium accumulating most in basilar dendrites and ischemia causing higher intracellular chloride levels in distal apical dendrites.
1788h agoThe synaptic connections between Kenyon cells and mushroom body output neurons play a key role in the brain's ability to distinguish between different odors.
1792h agoHeterogeneity across layers of a multilayer network influences dynamics on the whole network, with interlayer edges involving peripheral nodes often exerting more influence than those involving core nodes.
1792h agoThe study finds that vision-language models contain distinct types of neurons, including visual neurons, text neurons, and multi-modal neurons that process visual or text information, or both.
1792h agoAffective states emerge through coupled active inference between individuals, modeled as reciprocal interactions that track prediction errors and self-relevance to compute valence.
1792h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly focused on.
1792h agoThe Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem provides exact formulas that relate changes in model parameters to changes in system statistics, enabling efficient calibration of complex dynamical systems.
1792h agoThe Orlov-Schulman symmetries are constructed for the Manakov-Santini hierarchy and proven compatible with its basic flows.
1792h agoOpinion dynamics in a population transition from a bipolarized state to a consensus state as the interaction threshold between individuals changes, with a diverse population tending to reach consensus sooner than a homogeneous one.
1792h agoQuantum integrability in a spin chain model appears when the interaction strength has a rational value, and its absence is marked by Poisson statistics in the eigenvalue spacing.
1792h agoChirality in chase-and-run dynamics enhances pattern formation, suppresses oscillations, and creates new dynamical structures, such as rotating pulses, in populations that pursue or flee from each other.
1792h agoDiscrete-time biological systems can be accurately described by continuous-time models governed by differential equations that precisely match the original discrete-time behavior.
1792h agoThe four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory can realize integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theories through dynamical coordinate transformations.
1792h agoNeural networks with certain properties can have a set of weights that assign the same labels to all data, making it hard to find a collision, and this hardness emerges when the overlap gap property appears in the space of collisions.
1792h agoPhase change materials made of Ge$_2$Sb$_2$Te$_{5-5x}$Se$_{5x}$ exhibit metallic behavior and their electronic interactions can be tuned via chemical doping.
1792h agoThe relaxation timescales of a disordered spin-$1/2$ XX ladder are connected to its transport properties, with the RMT time scaling quadratically with system size and upper bounding the Thouless times, and spin diffusion proceeding faster than energy diffusion.
1792h agoA new theoretical framework simulates complex molecular ordering in Langmuir monolayers, describing intricate structures and matching experimental data.
1792h agoA disorder-guaranteeing theory predicts the packing fraction of the densest bidisperse packings of discs, which depends on the size ratio and concentrations of the disc types.
1792h agoA one-dimensional quasiperiodic tight-binding model exhibits localization-delocalization phase transitions and a quantum Mpemba effect, where states farther from the steady state can relax faster than states closer to it.
1792h agoThe Ising ferromagnet with long-range power-law interactions has a ferromagnetic phase at finite temperature when the interaction range exponent a is between 0.74 and 2.
1792h agoCharge disorder in dielectric slabs causes a downward shift of an atom's energy levels, resulting in an attractive force that can overcome the Casimir-Polder force at large atom-surface separations.
1792h agoRose Bengal causes rapid vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow, while light used in photothrombosis induces tissue heating and increased blood flow, and male mice have larger strokes than females.
1792h agoHormonal state and social context interact to determine social behavior, with gonadal hormones playing a key role in coordinating territorial behaviors through hormone-sensitive neurons.
1796h agoBlood-derived dietary protein drives sustained increases in sleep and reduced locomotion in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
1800h agoKisspeptin neurons in a specific area of the brain show a prolonged oscillatory activity pattern that depends on estrogen and triggers the luteinizing hormone surge that leads to ovulation.
1800h agoA specific neural circuit in the brain, modulated by cannabinoid1 receptor, maintains defensive homeostasis in risk assessment in a female-specific manner.
1800h agoThe cortex represents the body's configuration in space by organizing the body schema around actions, using a neural code that is anchored to gravity and aware of actions.
1800h agoSeeing other fish escape helps a fish escape from danger, and specific brain areas are activated when a fish sees its social partners rapidly escape or disappear.
1800h agoAgeing and diabetic polyneuropathy affect thermal perception by reducing sensitivity and precision, particularly for cold detection, and combining these parameters can help distinguish patients from healthy controls.
1800h agoThe porcine lumbar spine provides a reliable model for endoscopic spine surgery training with modifications for optimal anatomical correlation and surgical ergonomics.
1804h agoNTG skin fibroblasts have similar mitochondrial and glycolytic function, glucose metabolism, amino acid profile, and oxidative stress resilience as controls.
1808h agoThe presence of a social component in speech strengthens neural responses to the speech envelope, indicating heightened listener engagement, and neural processing differs depending on the level of social relevance of the speech material.
1808h agoPlanning is implemented in neural circuits through a "spacetime attractor" that embeds environment structure in synaptic connections, allowing the brain to anticipate the future and adjust actions accordingly.
1808h agoThe development of neural circuits that control the heart follows a staged program, starting with brain-to-heart vagal motor innervation, then sympathetic innervation, and finally vagal sensory neurons innervating the heart.
1812h agoA novel deep learning framework called SBIND models spatiotemporal dependencies in neural images, disentangles behaviorally relevant dynamics, and outperforms existing models in predicting neural-behavioral relationships.
1816h agoA new framework combining data-driven noise evaluation and advanced signal visualization improves the signal quality of EEG-based brain-computer interfaces by recovering key characteristics of brain activity and precisely locating their sources.
1816h agoNeural populations are driven by complex recurrent structures and external inputs, and BRAID, a deep learning framework, models these dynamics underlying behavior by incorporating measured external inputs.
1816h agoCombining psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics provides a deeper understanding of language processing, leading to more effective rehabilitation strategies.
1816h agoA temporal complexity analysis of a biologically-inspired Hopfield-type neural network model reveals that scale-free and random network topologies exhibit similar dynamical behaviors and temporal complexity characteristics, with scale-free topologies showing reduced noise.
1816h agoSelf-induced trance states alter brain activity in areas linked to rich subjective experiences, including the frontal regions, the posterior cingulate cortex, and the left parietal cortex.
1816h agoProbabilistic Geometric Principal Component Analysis (PGPCA) is a new dimensionality reduction algorithm that incorporates knowledge about nonlinear manifold geometry to better describe data distributions.
1816h agoA novel method combining discrete wavelet transform and graph theory accurately captures dynamic brain network changes, allowing for early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
1816h agoLarge Language Models lack working memory, which leads to unrealistic responses, self-contradictions, and struggles with mental reasoning tasks.
1816h agoA reaction-advection-diffusion model identifies critical thresholds of policing intensity that can lead to persistent crime hotspots or oscillatory crime-policing cycles.
1816h agoOptimal networks for synchrony have a combination of characteristics including being sparse, bipartite, elongated, and extremely monophilic.
1816h agoNonlinearity in the Schrödinger equation leads to rich phenomena, and a new model with curvature-dependent dynamics links to a topological quantity, producing robust soliton structures and flat-top beams.
1816h agoA dimensional reduction approach allows for the exact capture of high-dimensional dynamics in coupled oscillator networks using a set of closed-form macroscopic equations.
1816h agoNew predator-prey models that account for memory and kicks are proposed, using fractional derivatives and periodic kicks to describe behaviors of predators and prey with power-law fading memory.
1816h agoA temporal complexity analysis of a biologically-inspired Hopfield-type neural network model reveals that scale-free and random network topologies exhibit similar dynamical behaviors and temporal complexity characteristics, with scale-free topologies showing reduced noise.
1816h agoThe statistics of a chaotic system can be predicted by constructing a sequence of periodic differential operators and computing their densities of states.
1816h agoChimera states emerge in non-reciprocal higher-order structures called m-directed hypergraphs because of the directionality and the higher-order topology, allowing coherent and incoherent regions to coexist.
1816h agoA novel framework called "Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging" enhances image inpainting by extracting object-level representations from complex scenes, leading to more accurate and efficient image repair.
1816h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, and this structure can be extended to Riemann surfaces of any genus.
1816h agoSize-dependent critical states exist in quasiperiodic systems, displaying critical localization signatures only at finite sizes before transitioning to Anderson localization in the thermodynamic limit.
1816h agoPeriodic twisting of two superimposed square-lattice potentials creates a spatially varying multi-frequency drive that leads to ring-shaped states with non-trivial topological signatures.
1816h agoDifferent initial configurations evolve into distinct states in quantum systems near a phase transition, enabling classification of states in quantum cellular automata and neural networks.
1816h agoThe weak localization theory for graphene heterostructures reveals that valley-Zeeman splitting affects magnetoconductivity only when Rashba splitting is present, and inter-valley scattering reverses the conductivity sign.
1816h agoThe study finds that light-driven excitation transfer in an artificial LH1-RC complex shows a narrow efficiency peak on resonance, and environmentally assisted transport with an optimum dephasing level off resonance.
1816h agoA DC electric field affects Anderson localization in a disordered electronic lattice, causing a counterintuitive shift of the distribution edge in the opposite direction of the band edge.
1816h agoElectric-field-assisted variable range hopping enables nonlinear transport in disordered one-dimensional insulating chains, following a scaling law where conductivity increases nonlinearly with electric field strength.
1816h agoTime crystalline structures can be used to create a broad range of quantum devices, including a quantum computer, by serving as temporal lattices that allow for arbitrarily connected and reconfigurable elements.
1816h agoSpinal interneurons called dI3 play an essential role in adapting motor activity to meet a specific target or intention, allowing for the acquisition of new motor behaviors without input from the brain.
1824h agoNegative symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with lower cortical thickness and subcortical volumes, particularly in the frontal lobe and limbic regions.
1828h agoActive learning in physics courses changes brain connectivity in students, particularly increasing connections between the hippocampus and certain brain regions, unlike lecture-based learning.
1836h agoThe MicroBCI device enables the recording of EEG, EMG, and ECG signals and functions as a brain-computer interface, allowing for reliable noise performance and accurate detection of key neurological signals.
1840h agoEmotions are recognized patterns of cognitive activities that occur in response to deviations between an agent's goals and actions.
1840h agoA novel framework called EDT-PA identifies disease-specific brain connectivity patterns and accurately classifies brain disorders by modeling high-order dependencies between brain regions.
1840h agoQuantum-like modeling helps explain decision-making and cognition by applying quantum theory concepts to brain function, specifically by generating mental entanglement through classical neuronal networks.
1840h agoConvolutional neural networks are best at capturing functional patterns in human brain activity for classifying biological sex.
1840h agoLarge Language Models emulate human memory effects, such as remembering less with too much information and better with repeated exposure, but differ in susceptibility to presentation order and processing of meaningless material.
1840h agoA graph-based neural inference model infers latent neural connectivity by predicting neural activity and modeling neurons as interacting nodes in a graph, outperforming standard baselines in a wide range of conditions.
1840h agoA low-cost method for acquiring and analyzing electrogastrogram data uses a simple amplifier and a processing pipeline to minimize data loss and researcher bias.
1840h agoGenerative pretraining enables language models to learn from vast amounts of internet text, and these models can be adapted to a wide range of tasks in the brain sciences to illuminate computational principles.
1840h agoSparse ICA extracts relevant brain activation patterns without needing extra processing, performing competitively with classical methods and identifying clear activation areas in non-human primate neuroimaging data.
1840h agoA proposed criterion for phenomenal consciousness suggests that any machine meeting the condition should be regarded as conscious with the same level of confidence as humans.
1840h agoA unified framework for heat kernel smoothing on simplicial complexes extends signal processing to higher-order relationships in networks, allowing for enhanced signal quality and more accurate representation of complex biological systems.
1840h agoA neurogeometric model encodes complex motor primitives in the arm area of the motor cortex, reflecting the brain's hierarchical structure and its ability to extract local and global properties.
1840h agoSecond-person neuroscience models social cognition as embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where affect emerges from inference over identity-relevant surprise and is computed from self-model prediction error.
1840h agoDeep Cluster Atlas (DCA) generates individualized brain maps that improve analysis of brain imaging data by creating functionally coherent and spatially contiguous regions.
1840h agoTrust depends on decision-making processes in neural systems and arises from multiple parallel systems that process information in different ways.
1840h agoAnts navigating through narrow passages manage bidirectional flow by changing direction when encountering ants moving in opposite directions, a behaviour consistent with game-theoretic predictions under bounded rationality.
1840h agoA combination of a lattice potential and an inverted cubic-quintic nonlinearity sustains stable one- and two-dimensional solitons in the semi-infinite bandgap.
1840h agoA novel twelve-component and six-component semi-discrete nonlinear system was developed, which can model actions of external parametric drive and uniform magnetic field and has specific properties for charge transportation.
1840h agoA collection of nonlinear integrable partial differential-difference equations satisfies the one-point distribution functions of some classical integrable KPZ models, and these equations are reparametrizations or scaling limits of the Hirota bilinear difference equation.
1840h agoA new physical law shows universality across various thermodynamical systems, exhibiting chaotic behavior under different conditions and relating to the Chaotic Action Principle.
1840h agoA newly discovered epithelial reticulum emerges during late maturation, comprising interpenetrating networks of cycling and non-cycling cells with varying mechanical properties, and self-organizes close to criticality to maintain epithelial homeostasis.
1840h agoA critical transition emerges in a stochastic exponential Modern Hopfield Network when the noise level reaches a certain threshold, marked by a change in the network's temporal memory and correlation dynamics.
1840h agoThe active Potts models show coarsening dynamics that follow the Lifshitz-Allen-Cahn law, but with a transient increase in growth rate and coarsening exponent when spiral waves are absent.
1840h agoA given static pattern distribution strongly constrains its underlying dynamics, which can be recovered using the Equilibrium flow method, a framework that learns continuous dynamics preserving the pattern distribution.
1840h agoThe study models synchronization using a mean field game formulation of the Kuramoto model, finding that diversity in intrinsic frequencies impacts synchronization patterns and stability.
1840h agoThe Sawada-Kotera differential-difference equation has multiple "tau-functions" that relate to each other, but only one of them fits into the Hirota bilinear form.
1840h agoChimera states emerge in non-reciprocal higher-order structures called m-directed hypergraphs because of the directionality and the higher-order topology, allowing coherent and incoherent regions to coexist despite non-reciprocal coupling.
1840h agoThis study derives analytical formulae for statistical properties of infinite-modal maps to predict extreme events in nonlinear dynamical systems.
1840h agoPatterns of evenly spaced rocks on Mars and Earth are more orderly than expected and can emerge spontaneously through the interaction of wind, gravity, and surface evolution.
1840h agoHomoclinic and heteroclinic connections in dynamical systems form cycles and networks that organize global phenomena, and asymptotic stability for general sequences along these networks is defined.
1840h agoA new method derives general recurrence relations for off-shell Bethe vectors in quantum integrable models with symmetries of type $\mathfrak{gl}_n$ or $\mathfrak{o}_{2n+1}$.
1840h agoEnergy-band thermalization allows an observable to thermalize in almost all states over accessible timescales without relying on microscopic properties of energy eigenvalues or eigenstates.
1840h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate when the nonlinearity exceeds a certain threshold.
1840h agoOne-dimensional weak topology induces an intermediate quasi-localized phase between metal and Anderson-localized phases in disordered lattice models.
1840h agoThe strong disorder renormalization group method is extended to study excited states and finite temperature properties of bond disordered antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains, finding that the distribution of couplings affects magnetic properties.
1840h agoThe ground state of the disordered interacting fermionic Hatano-Nelson model consists of strongly coupled pairs of spins at random positions, which leads to a negative and divergent magnetic susceptibility and a saturated entanglement entropy.
1840h agoA dynamic phase transition occurs in supercooled water when a small percentage of active molecules move, triggered by the system cooperativity, at a constant temperature.
1840h agoA custom convolutional neural network model directly extracts two-level system parameters, including frequency, coupling strength, dissipation time, and pure dephasing time, from simulated spectroscopy data.
1840h agoNonreciprocal interactions change the universality class of pairs of asymmetrically coupled systems undergoing a phase transition if certain criteria based on unperturbed critical exponents are met.
1840h agoIn one-dimensional topologically nontrivial systems with periodic driving and chiral symmetry, a localization-delocalization transition occurs as time varies within the driving period.
1840h agoThe study verifies a "min-max" formula for the free energy of vector spin glass models with additional deterministic spin interactions.
1840h agoDisorder can enhance ferromagnetism in a metal with repulsive interactions, and may even induce a ferromagnetic state in a non-ferromagnetic material, leading to the existence of a spin-glass phase at high disorder strengths.
1840h agoThe elastic properties of critically elastic materials are interrelated in a universal way that depends on the properties of their parent systems.
1840h agoPseudo-entropy, a new entanglement measure, is useful in detecting quantum phase transitions and chaos in quantum systems.
1840h agoAutoregressive neural quantum states show transitions in their average entanglement scaling, entanglement spectra, and correlation functions, and their normalization function affects entanglement and fluctuations.
1840h agoGene expression changes in the hippocampus during offline memory maintenance are characterized by regionalized differential expression of genes involved in synaptic functions and a reduction of metabolic activity across hippocampal sub-regions and memory-associated neuronal ensembles.
1840h agoThe peptide HAEE is naturally present in human blood plasma and its levels are lower in patients with Alzheimer's disease, making it a potential biomarker for diagnosis.
1840h agoNeural maturation involves large-scale changes in gene expression, chromosome conformation, and nuclear organization, but these processes are defective in motor neurons derived from ALS patients with C9orf72 gene mutations.
1840h agoThe mammalian cerebral cortex is made up of neurons that form a continuous range of cell types, with their properties varying gradually along the depth of the cortex. Or a rewritten version in a simpler sentence: Neurons in the cerebral cortex form a continuous range of cell types, varying gradually in properties along the cortex depth.
1840h agoRats in an open field exhibit distinct behavioral modes accompanied by marked changes in brain activity and regional communication between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
1840h agoThe cerebellohippocampal circuit's functional connectivity relates to cognitive performance, differs by sex and dementia risk, and may act as a compensatory network for short-term recall in older adults.
1840h agoInterleaving similar tasks during learning hinders performance, while blocking similar tasks improves performance and facilitates transfer, but only when one task is learned before the other.
1840h agoInhibitory neurons play a critical role in memory storage and management by functionally separating from excitatory neurons and interacting with them through modular connections.
1844h agoMotor skill learning causes microstructural changes in the brain, specifically a transient enlargement of cell soma and a sustained rise in cell-process density in certain areas, indicating that both homeostatic responses and structural plasticity contribute to motor memory consolidation.
1844h agoOpioids cause gene expression changes mainly in glial cells and dopamine neurons in the brain's reward circuits, through indirect mechanisms involving stress hormones, leading to neural adaptations.
1844h agoThe human auditory cortex prioritizes sounds differently based on their emotional content and type, with people who have misophonia symptoms showing a stronger response to certain sounds, especially orofacial ones.
1844h agoNewborns have a sophisticated visual brain architecture that is already organized into three distinct pathways, each with a hierarchical structure and adult-like organization, which emerges through intrinsic developmental mechanisms across late gestation.
1844h agoConvergent synaptic motifs, where multiple axons synapse onto the same target, are a common feature of neural circuits in the insect brain, including the Mushroom Body, and may optimize information transfer while conserving neural resources.
1844h agoAging reduces the ability of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to differentiate into myelinating cells, but these cells can still remyelinate the central nervous system in response to an inflammatory insult.
1844h agoRepeated seizures lead to changes in brain cells, including increased inflammation and metabolic problems, in areas that control breathing, which may contribute to Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP).
1844h agoInhibiting BET proteins reduces inflammation and amyloid-beta levels in the brain during a systemic inflammatory response in mice.
1844h agoThe mid-level sensory cortex, specifically area V4, contains signals that support recognition memory, with sparse coding and population response consistency predicting behavior.
1844h agoNeutral CB1R antagonism suppresses consummatory and motivated behaviors via dopamine-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
1848h agoA specific pair of mechanosensory neurons, expressing the mechanosensitive channels TMC, helps coordinate muscle contractions during ovulation in fruit flies by forming synapses with motor neurons to prevent egg jamming.
1848h agoPhaseICA, a novel data-driven approach, extracts reoccurring spatiotemporal patterns from brain activity by incorporating phase information, capturing spatial propagation across brain regions with interpretable representations.
1848h agoAlpha-synuclein transmitted from neuron to neuron through exosomes downregulates the frequency of retrograde carriers in recipient neurons, disrupting essential axonal trafficking.
1848h agoSensory neurons and non-neuronal cells in the dorsal root ganglia regulate pain and other sensations, and changes in gene expression in these cells contribute to pain conditions.
1848h agoProprioceptive input to the primary motor cortex is generally suppressed during motor execution, but specific signals from antagonist muscles are selectively maintained to support posture control.
1848h agoTemporal Interference stimulation can bidirectionally modulate memory encoding by either impairing or enhancing recall depending on the frequency and target brain regions.
1848h agoRepeated seizures lead to changes in brainstem neurons, particularly in the Raphe Magnus region, which controls breathing and heart rate, with most changes occurring in local neurons.
1848h agoThe cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients is cytotoxic and kills cells, which may be due to the presence of cellular-damaging factors and reflect immunogenic cell death occurrence in the central nervous system.
1848h agoDefective dopamine storage in vesicles, caused by low ATP levels and impaired VMAT2 function, leads to dopamine oxidation and accumulation of toxic protein in Parkinson's disease.
1848h agoUsing diffusion MR images improves the accuracy of registering regions of interest in the brainstem for fMRI studies.
1848h agoPatients with post-acute anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis experience reduced structural brain complexity, which is linked to residual psychiatric symptoms and memory dysfunction.
1848h agoAttention helps resolve ambiguity in visual perception by biasing competition between object representations in the brain when multiple objects are present.
1852h agoBrain activity fluctuations affect decision-making and behavior, with internal states showing distinct activation patterns that reflect different types of sensory evidence and bias.
1852h agoThe prefrontal cortex uses a mix of generalist and task-specialized neural populations to support flexible decision-making, with the population structure becoming more modular as task rules change.
1852h agoNeonatal microglia transplantation promotes repair and regeneration in the adult central nervous system by reducing inflammation, promoting remyelination, and reversing cognitive decline.
1852h agoTraining improves sound localization by changing how neurons in the inferior colliculus process and decode sound, allowing the brain to adapt to abnormal hearing conditions.
1852h agoBeta-band activity in the motor cortex changes with practice, becoming more temporally precise and consistent, and reorganizing with training to reflect a neural readout of learning progression.
1852h agoA neural circuit from the medial septum to the subfornical organ helps prevent overhydration in mice by combining signals from the mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
1856h agoAdding lateral connections to Convolutional Neural Networks improves classification accuracy and makes their properties more similar to those of the mammalian visual system.
1864h agoBrain-to-image reconstruction models can accurately externalize subjective visual experiences from brain activity, and a theoretical analysis of two models provides guidelines for achieving efficient and accurate reconstruction with limited training data.
1864h agoA new framework recasts modeling choices as testable hypotheses and provides a simple protocol for evaluating model specifications, allowing researchers to turn neuroimaging data into mechanistic insights.
1864h agoA score-based generative model using stochastic Kuramoto dynamics in the diffusion process effectively generates orientation-rich images, such as fingerprints and textures, by capturing synchronization phenomena across coupled oscillators.
1864h agoThe weakly electric fish uses an adaptive internal model principle system to track the motion of its refuge, with the tracking error converging exponentially as the system adapts to unknown frequencies.
1864h agoThe receptive field responses in the earliest layers of the visual hierarchy are influenced by geometric image transformations, and covariant receptive field families can handle this variability by expanding receptive field shapes over image transformation degrees of freedom.
1864h agoNew discrete maps with memory are derived from fractional differential equations with Hilfer fractional derivatives, providing a discrete form of exact solutions for arbitrary positive orders.
1864h agoNonlinear fractional dynamics with scale invariance are described using non-integer-order integro-differential operators, leading to exact solutions and non-local mappings in time.
1864h agoThe synthetic Nodal-Lefty system supports the emergence of Turing patterns through Turing instability, allowing for the formation of various patterns, including dissipative structures.
1864h agoThe improved social force model with relative weight attraction shows stronger regulation and following capabilities in simulating pedestrian evacuation, especially in ensuring group cohesion during collisions with other pedestrians or obstacles.
1864h agoThe hot-electron limit closure provides a closed system for density, velocity, and temperatures, accurately reproducing linear growth rates, heat transport, and dynamics in certain geometries.
1864h agoThe plasma edge's electrostatic potential can be modeled as a superposition of integer spatial harmonics, and its transport depends on the perturbation amplitudes, relative phase, and spatial-mode choice.
1864h agoSpatial non-homogeneities synchronize clusters of oscillators in different frequency plateaus through a gradient of frequencies in a Ginzburg-Landau model.
1864h agoThe Calogero-Moser-Sutherland systems have explicitly described low-dimensional Liouville tori.
1864h agoEngineers can manipulate topological charges in quantum systems by creating density zeros in localized wave excitations.
1864h agoIntervening in a part of a many-body system occasionally can robustly control its phase diagram, allowing stabilization of thermodynamically unstable phases.
1864h agoFoundation models often forecast physical systems by simply parroting the context, and a naive model that copies directly from the context outperforms leading models on predicting diverse dynamical systems.
1864h agoExtended Bose-Hubbard models with dipolar interactions have an integrable 3-site model with nearest-neighbour interactions for certain coupling parameters.
1864h agoA geometric method describes traveling wave solutions of the generalized Korteweg--de Vries equation by reducing it to an ordinary differential equation and then applying a stepwise integration algorithm to obtain implicit and explicit solutions.
1864h agoRing ferrodark solitons in a 2D ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit self-sustained oscillations in their radius, accompanied by nematic tensor breathing at the core, and their motion follows an equation similar to one governing classical fluid bubble dynamics.
1864h agoA self-learning resistor network called the Restricted Kirchhoff Machine solves unsupervised learning tasks by modifying its internal parameters through physical dynamics, enabling distributed and energy-efficient learning.
1864h agoA machine learning-based framework extends short-time and distance results of simulated spectra for strongly correlated systems, improving frequency and momentum resolution.
1864h agoA measurement-only circuit, the projective quantum Ising model with three-spin interactions, features three distinct phases separated by two critical lines.
1864h agoThe Wehrl-Rényi entropy is a subsystem-independent and experimentally measurable characterization of overall entanglement in pure states of N qubits.
1864h agoMonitoring classical stochastic processes can lead to measurement-induced phase transitions, including novel critical phases, as the monitoring rate changes.
1864h agoSparkling water mitigates cognitive fatigue and sustains esports performance in hardcore players during long training sessions.
1864h agoBrain exposure to red light damages old mice but not young mice, while blue light causes local damage in both young and old mice.
1864h agoMW073 reduces aggressive behavior in mice with Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that it may help address behavioral symptoms of the condition.
1864h agoThe CaMKII D135N mutation supports a structural rather than enzymatic function in inducing long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength.
1868h agoGender inequality shapes brain structure differences between males and females, with the effect growing stronger with age, and is mainly driven by economic aspects of inequality.
1868h agoThe human pons development from fetus to early adulthood is mapped in a new encyclopedia called PEDIA-BRAIN, which reveals two paths to mature oligodendrocytes and limited synaptic interactions between neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
1868h agoOpioid exposure and withdrawal activate distinct brain cell groups, with morphine and withdrawal triggering largely separate brain cell ensembles, even within the same brain region.
1868h agoChronic buprenorphine treatment decreases the increase in heroin seeking that occurs over time during abstinence, and this effect is associated with reduced activity in certain areas of the brain's cortex and striatum.
1868h agoThe hippocampus primarily stores and retrieves episodic memories, and spatial representations emerge as a result of this memory function.
1868h agoSleep and dreaming improve performance in individuals with stressful, prey-like situations, with slow wave activity and game-related dream content enhancing post-sleep performance in prey role players.
1868h agoLRIT3's LRR and IG domains are crucial for its function in the retina, with LRR domain playing a key role in differential function at rod and cone synapses.
1868h agoA novel self-supervised learning framework models healthy EEG transitions between ocular states and provides a transparent methodology for discovering EEG biomarkers, but it struggles to predict cognitive pathology.
1868h agoPELICAN, an open-source image processing pipeline, accurately processes MRIs of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, even those with substantial brain atrophy and white matter lesions.
1872h agoPEDF peptides rectify abnormalities in neuronal morphology and activity in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting they may serve as a potential treatment for conditions like ASD.
1872h agoA new deep learning framework called PI-FC extracts stable individual brain signatures from functional MRI scans, enabling accurate predictions of neuropsychiatric conditions and other traits with reduced scanning time.
1872h agoCerebello-hippocampal interactions differ between sexes in young adults, with females having greater connectivity than males between certain brain regions, and show specific patterns of functional connectivity that relate to brain structure but not to cognitive performance.
1872h agoQuercetin had no effect on reducing the intensity of neurofibrillary tangles in fruit flies with Alzheimer's disease.
1876h agoBAG3 helps regulate astrocyte functions, including autophagy, lysosome activity, and protein degradation, and its loss impairs the clearance of amyloid-beta, a key process in Alzheimer's disease.
1876h agoNeuropeptide Y directly contacts and forms synapses with corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala, potentially influencing stress responses and related disorders.
1884h agoAnxious individuals have stronger self-blaming emotions and associated behaviors, linked to enhanced guilt-related neural activity and connectivity in the superior anterior temporal lobe.
1892h agoThe brain uses a vectorial semantic code that blends shared and unique information to resolve the dilemma of linking words to a speaker while retaining their general meanings.
1892h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex encodes the subjective values of different goods and reflects risk attitude during economic choices, even when multiple options are available.
1896h agoVisual perception declines with eccentricity due to decreased gain and nonlinearity and increased internal noise, and it also varies with polar angle due to changes in gain.
1896h agoGrid cells in the brain construct a representation of space that helps to distinguish and separate similar inputs, acting like a pattern separation device to reduce interference and enhance memory.
1896h agoPrenatal exposure to multiple substances leads to complex effects on infant development, including drug-specific outcomes, synergistic and antagonistic effects, and individual differences in resilience.
1896h agoLack of dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) contributes to changes in the brain's nucleus accumbens core (NAcore) that are involved in cocaine-seeking behavior.
1896h agoThe reversal potential and conductance amplitude of a synapse jointly regulate the postsynaptic neuron's activity, and machine learning can perfectly classify feedforward and feedback microcircuit motifs as excitatory, but struggles to do so for inhibitory or diminished excitation/inhibition cases.
1896h agoChildren with self-limited epilepsy syndrome with centrotemporal spikes have elevated thalamic blood flow compared to controls, and different antiseizure medications produce distinct effects on thalamic blood flow.
1900h agoArtificial intelligence and machine learning models operating on MRI data accurately diagnose epilepsy, lateralize temporal lobe epilepsy, localize lesions, and predict post-surgical outcomes, but are highly susceptible to bias.
1900h agoThe type of training curriculum used affects how well people and artificial neural networks generalize visual perceptual learning to new conditions.
1900h agoGaze shifts during soccer scanning are primarily driven by eye movements, not head movements, with eye and head movements showing a strategy-dependent allocation of effort.
1900h agoTau oligomers cause synapses to deteriorate through a series of events involving the downregulation of essential proteins, impaired synaptic plasticity, and ultimately, the loss of synaptic function and structure.
1900h agoExtended cessation meditation reduces alpha power and increases neural complexity, distinct from other states that induce loss of consciousness.
1900h agoDifferent cortical areas in the brain are wired to sustain input over varying time windows through distinct network dynamics.
1904h agoCortical tension acts as a mechanical barrier that prevents premature neuronal differentiation by coupling external differentiation signals with internal cell changes.
1904h agoThe hippocampus uses specific neural connections to store and replay memories, and adjusting these connections helps the brain recall diverse memories without forgetting old ones.
1904h agoSchizotypal traits are linked to multiple psychosocial risk factors, including depression, adverse childhood experiences, and dissociation, and have distinct neural correlates during discourse planning and production.
1904h agoInfants as young as a few days old use speakers' unique voices to form distinct memories of words, helping them to recognize and recall familiar words even when faced with interfering sounds.
1912h agoNeurons in the brain are coupled to their local neighborhood to varying degrees, with some neurons showing strong alignment with cortical state fluctuations and others showing weak alignment, and attention affects this coupling strength.
1912h agoThe human brain has areas that respond specifically to chimpanzee vocalizations, and to a lesser extent to macaque vocalizations, but not to bonobo or human vocalizations.
1912h agoMismatch neural responses in sensory cortex occur when a new spatial pattern is introduced, not when a temporal pattern is changed.
1912h agoThe robotic footwear elicits weight-bearing adaptations in gait by shifting the vertical ground reaction force, pushoff peak, and braking force towards the unperturbed limb after a foot-ground compliance perturbation.
1912h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves fluid cognition, including working memory and processing speed, and changes attention deployment during high-demand challenges.
1912h agoThe seeding of alpha-synuclein drives Lewy pathology propagation in Parkinson's disease by generating toxic aggregation intermediates through a process called secondary nucleation, which links seeding to pathology and correlates with disease progression.
1912h agoMacaque monkeys can recognize themselves from a third-person perspective after training, and this ability develops in a similar stepwise way in human infants.
1912h agoMultichannel transcranial magnetic stimulation achieves focality comparable to single-channel TMS, even without repositioning the coil, and performs similarly or better for deeper cortical targets.
1912h agoAuditory input alters the pupil light reflex in both autistic and non-autistic children, and autistic children show different dynamic pupil responses across sensory conditions.
1912h agoA 3D Brain-Chip system, incorporating multiple brain cell types from human stem cells, models the brain's blood-brain barrier and allows for assessment of brain function and disease, and screening of therapeutics.
1912h agoCancer nerves interact in a feed-forward loop that increases pain and tumor growth in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
1912h agoChanges in the olfactory system drive preference shifts in insects, and functional remodeling in four olfactory receptor neurons enables rapid sensory adaptation and niche transition in the pest Drosophila suzukii.
1916h agoIntellectual disability disrupts normal behavioral strategies for duration discrimination, leading to impulsivity and divergent responses, whereas typical intelligence models show convergent responses and inhibition.
1916h agoPsychedelics reconfigure brain dynamics to promote more deliberate and sensory-driven decision making by relaxing top-down influences and increasing the impact of sensory information on perception and behavior.
1916h agoThe brain's state before stimulation determines how it responds to localized electrical stimulation, with specific pre-stimulus activity patterns consistently predicting post-stimulus responses.
1916h agoMobile eye-tracking glasses reliably capture listening effort in challenging listening conditions, as shown by similar changes in gaze dispersion, pupil size, and head movements as a stationary system.
1916h agoA brain-enriched ecDNA, ecCldn34d, regulates the expression of genes related to brain adaptability and is associated with the stability of fear memories.
1916h agoCircular RNAs in the brain can be translated into micropeptides, including one called P1, which plays a role in synaptic activity and memory.
1916h agoElevated phase-amplitude coupling before treatment predicts poor response to treatment in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome, and a decrease in this coupling after treatment is associated with a positive treatment response.
1916h agoThe perception of gravity is biased when measured in darkness while an observer is roll-tilted, with an attractive bias occurring at large tilts and a repulsive bias at small tilts, both of which can be explained by a Bayesian model.
1916h agoLow-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces brain injury in a neonatal model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by regulating abnormal synaptic transmission.
1916h agoThe FINE deep learning model captures multi-scale temporal and frequency-specific patterns in brain connectivity to identify potential biomarkers and understand disease mechanisms of Alzheimer's.
1916h agoAdvanced deep neural networks provide the most accurate models of brain activity when predicting how people transform sensory input into actions in complex environments.
1916h agoReproductive experience remodels the hippocampal cellular structure through specific molecular programs that are independent of age and region, affecting certain cell populations such as CA3 pyramidal neurons, SST interneurons, and astrocytes.
1916h agoNaltrexone changes brain activity differently in people with opioid use disorder who also have cannabis, alcohol, or cocaine use disorders, suggesting it may work as a treatment for cannabis use disorder.
1916h agoThe retina predicts future stimuli by optimizing the amount of predictive information in its response, with the timescale of prediction changing as the statistics of the input stimulus change.
1916h agoHigher body mass index in early childhood is linked to changes in brain structure in areas related to reward and salience processing.
1916h agoLight stimuli change the volume of the subretinal space, and this change depends on the rate of water clearance, indicating the health of the water transport system in the retina.
1916h agoECS shrinkage, not breakdown of local tissue oxygenation, plays a leading role in spreading depolarization initiation during the transition from seizure to spreading depolarization.
1916h agoExcessive mind-wandering is more frequent in adults with ADHD and linked to more severe symptoms, and it negatively impacts performance and neural activity, particularly affecting performance monitoring in ADHD patients.
1916h agoAzithromycin and erythropoietin offer the best combination of safety and effectiveness in protecting the brains of newborn rats from damage caused by hypoxia-ischemia.
1916h agoThe entorhinal cortex shows a tentorial notch, which correlates with surrounding tissue injury, in 96% of postmortem samples, with more severe notches linked to greater tissue damage.
1916h agoEach region of the default mode network has a unique hemodynamic response function, which differs from the positive BOLD signal and from other regions in the network.
1916h agoDegenerative cervical myelopathy disrupts normal spinal cord function, with distinct patterns of altered motor and sub-motor activation in response to median nerve stimulation compared to healthy controls.
1916h agoTranscranial alternating current stimulation disrupts and modulates abnormal brain oscillations in Parkinson's Disease by changing neural firing patterns, and works best when its frequency matches the natural oscillation frequency.
1916h agoRetinal motion during pursuit eye movements serves a visual function by compressing information and equalizing luminance modulations, which contributes to perceptual judgments.
1916h agoMicroglia adapt to phagocytosis by changing their metabolism, which helps them sustain their functionality and promote tissue regeneration, rather than simply disposing of debris.
1916h agoGPT-4 can accurately predict human emotions and model associated neural responses, making it a useful tool for emotion research and neuroscience.
1916h agoThe LSO and MSO nuclei encode sound localization cues differently, with LSO neurons responding mainly to interaural level differences and MSO neurons responding mainly to interaural time differences, and their responses vary by sound frequency.
1916h agoOptimizing contextual semantic embeddings for individual brain voxels improves their ability to predict brain activity during reading.
1916h agoThe locus coeruleus plays a critical role in memory consolidation by modulating interactions with the hippocampus in a state-dependent manner.
1916h agoStearoyl-CoA desaturase1 is crucial for myelination during CNS development, and its absence in oligodendroglial cells leads to a delay in myelination and oligodendrocyte maturation.
1924h agoThe ultrastructure of the uncinate fasciculus in the human brain has a mean axon diameter of 0.93 m and mean myelin thickness of 0.48 m.
1924h agoHumans select standing postures that minimize energy expenditure, with the lowest energy cost found at a slight anterior orientation, and adjust their posture to optimize energy efficiency when preparing for movement.
1924h agoThe submedius thalamus plays a key role in modulating maternal behavior through its connections with the orbitofrontal cortex.
1928h agoSomatosensory circuits develop through multiple phases of refinement, with experience-dependent critical periods shaping sensorimotor behaviors at different life stages, resulting in lasting effects on adult behavior.
1928h agoA semi-automatic pipeline within Brainstorm software accurately localizes and labels sEEG contacts, improving the identification of the seizure onset zone and optimizing resective surgery for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.
1928h agoConscious priming has opposite effects on identity and category recognition, facilitating identity recognition but impairing category recognition, while unconscious priming has no such effects.
1928h agoThe brain does not pre-activate a sensory template of a predictable stimulus before it appears, according to a reanalysis of data from a study on auditory predictions.
1928h agoContext shapes the activity of neurons in the striatal circuits to guide actions, and shared neurons can encode different initiation contexts to support flexible movement execution.
1932h agoThe organization of the mammalian brain's neural connections follows a specific pattern that is related to the geometry of the brain.
1932h agoHuman cortical astrocytes have unique subtypes and are more structurally complex than rodent astrocytes, and these features are partially replicated in cerebral organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells.
1932h agoDopamine neurons compute temporal differences in learning by receiving inputs from D1 neurons in the nucleus accumbens through a hardwired circuit that effectively calculates errors in reward predictions.
1932h agoMethylphenidate decreases impulsivity by modulating reward-evoked beta oscillations in cortico-striatal networks, specifically by reducing beta power for small, immediate rewards and increasing it for large, delayed rewards.
1932h agoA personalized neurofeedback system using EEG can help maximize an individual's urge to move to music by generating playlists tailored to their unique groove experience.
1932h agoFunctional brain reorganization reflects variability in attentional states, with common patterns of neural activity and functional interactions underlying sustained attention across different tasks and contexts.
1932h agoHigh spatial frequency and low spatial frequency channels in the visual system interact mainly when the phases of the frequencies are aligned, and this alignment enhances perceptual efficiency when processing natural scenes.
1932h agoBetter learners show a stronger bias toward more frequently rewarded options, even if less valuable, suggesting this bias may be an adaptive strategy under uncertain conditions.
1932h agoSensorimotor control is dictated by the interaction of neural populations, optimal feedback mechanisms, and body biomechanics.
1936h agoThe Causal Attitude Network model and the Attitude Entropy framework make claims that are not supported by evidence, questioning the psychological network modeling efforts of attitudes.
1936h agoThe Mouse vs. AI: Robust Foraging Competition tests whether artificial intelligence agents can generalize to new visual conditions as well as mice do when searching for a target in a virtual environment.
1936h agoLanguage models reveal how humans structure conceptual knowledge by mapping words to mental concepts, and a new framework called VECTOR uses this information to predict human behavior and communication patterns.
1936h agoSimpler music models that focus on specific features match human perception better than complex models, and musical networks are structured to guide attention towards uncertain but inferable transitions.
1936h agoCareful data transformation helps machine learning models generalize better by removing less relevant information and isolating more predictive signals.
1936h agoA new loss function, called Minimal Energy Deformation (MED), improves the consistency and reproducibility of cortical surface reconstruction from MRI scans without reducing accuracy.
1936h agoExternal electric fields influence the behavior of thermosensitive neuronal networks, with the frequency of the field and cell size affecting synchronization and leading to complex behaviors such as coherent, incoherent, and chimera states.
1936h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the formation of chunk representations in working memory by allowing a specialized population of neurons to selectively control groups of stimulus-responsive neurons.
1936h agoA new graph-diffusion network model simulates cortical maturation while preserving subject-specific cortical morphology, enabling the identification of subtle deviations from normal brain development patterns.
1936h agoA numerical framework using Radial Basis Function interpolation and quadrature solves neural field equations on surfaces with high-order accuracy and flexibility.
1936h agoThe Euler-Bernoulli beam problem is extended to a setting with a matrix-valued density in a Clifford algebra, revealing a link to a multi-component Camassa-Holm equation and showing that peakon waves can engage in long-range energy exchange.
1936h agoHigher-order interactions create different resonance landscapes in stochastic resonance, enabling new noise-enhanced processing mechanisms in complex networks.
1936h agoExternal electric fields influence the behavior of thermosensitive neuronal networks, with the frequency of the field and cell size affecting synchronization and leading to complex behaviors such as coherent, incoherent, and chimera states.
1936h agoA simple model explains how complex systems, such as genomes, ecosystems, and cities, grow in function diversity through adding new functions and expanding existing ones.
1936h agoGeneralized geodesic equations in curved spacetime include conservative forces, dissipative effects, and quantum-gravity corrections, implying possible violations of the equivalence principle.
1936h agoThe conservation law in a system of two coupled Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov equations enforces synchronization of travelling waves and determines their minimal possible velocity.
1936h agoLower energy collisions with more massive atoms form atom-ion complexes, which evolve in a fractal structure showing chaotic dynamics when a low-density atomic bath is merged with a trapped ion.
1936h agoLocalized optomechanical microcavities in an electrostatic MEMS architecture generate optomechanical soliton frequency combs through phonon lasing without electrical excitation.
1936h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, which can now be extended to Riemann surfaces of any genus.
1936h agoThis work studies the properties of Temporally Non-Uniform Cellular Automata (t-NUCAs), which use two rules in a sequence during their evolution, including surjectivity, injectivity, reversibility, and cyclic behavior.
1936h agoA numerical framework using Radial Basis Function interpolation and quadrature solves neural field equations on surfaces with high-order accuracy and flexibility.
1936h agoA many-body localized phase in a non-Hermitian quasiperiodic model of hardcore bosons first delocalizes and then localizes again as the driving period increases, resulting in a re-entrant many-body localization transition.
1936h agoQuantum mechanics enables light-matter setups to hold excitations without releasing them as light through destructive interference processes. Or a rewritten version in an even simpler form: Excitations can be held in light-matter setups without being released as light.
1936h agoLocal measurements can generate volume-law entangled states between different parts of a system purely through non-unitary measurement dynamics.
1936h agoRigidity in amorphous systems is maintained by disordered force networks that generate internal prestress, and the mechanical response of these systems can be described by a dielectric-like response that captures stress correlations and the response to external forces.
1936h agoCareful data transformation helps machine learning models generalize better by removing less relevant information and isolating more predictive signals.
1936h agoDecoded Quantum Interferometry has no quantum advantage in optimizing unstructured MAX-$k$-XOR-SAT instances because it is obstructed by the overlap gap property, a topological feature that also characterizes the performance of state-of-the-art classical algorithms.
1936h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the formation of chunk representations in working memory by allowing a specialized population of neurons to selectively control groups of stimulus-responsive neurons.
1936h agoNi-Au alloys have high thermopower due to resonant scattering and a flat band below the Fermi level, which results in a power factor exceeding that of conventional semiconductor thermoelectrics.
1936h agoDefect formation in quantum annealing of a random transverse-field Ising chain happens through the aggregation of strongly coupled spin clusters, with the defect density decreasing with annealing time as $n(\tau)\sim \ln^{-2}\left(\frac{\tau}{\ln^2\tau}\right)$.
1936h agoLoss of nuclear TDP-43 leads to the inclusion of a cryptic exon in the G3BP1 gene, disrupting stress granule dynamics and causing selective neuronal vulnerability in ALS and FTD.
1936h agoOlfactory bulb needle insertion reliably induces cortical spreading depolarization in rodents without injuring the cortex.
1940h agoVisual occurrence statistics and semantic relations between objects and scenes jointly shape the composition of typical scene drawings.
1948h agoTemporal integration in the human auditory cortex is locked to absolute time, not to the duration of speech structures like phonemes or words.
1952h agoThe putamen's leftward volume asymmetry predicts the degree of leftward attentional bias, a phenomenon called pseudoneglect, in healthy individuals.
1956h agoThe region in the inferotemporal cortex involved in reading connects visual input to a language network, allowing people to derive meaning from written words.
1956h agoThe representation geometry of a system, whether it's the human brain or an artificial neural network, depends on its computational objective and is not a universal property.
1960h agoA new framework called complex-valued phase synchrony (CVPS) estimates phase with an adaptive Gabor wavelet and preserves directionality, allowing it to track interactions in complex systems such as the brain.
1960h agoRest2Visual, a new model, predicts brain activity in response to visual stimuli from resting-state brain scans, enabling task-free and individualized functional brain modeling.
1960h agoTwo single-channel hdrEEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, serve as personalized indices of stress regulation, reflecting physiological arousal and emotional-regulatory sensitivity.
1960h agoThe timescale of plasticity modulation determines how inputs are represented in neural activities, shaping the computational properties of neural circuits.
1960h agoA complete analytical framework with automated parameter selection enables straightforward implementation of multi-source neural activity indices and spatial filters for accurate EEG/MEG source localization.
1960h agoA text-to-image diffusion model generates photorealistic images with gradual transitions within categories, allowing for the creation of customizable stimulus sets with ordered perceptual variations.
1960h agoLanguage processing dynamically influences the activity of the human ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC), and vision-language models like CLIP better capture this activity than other models, with disrupted communication between visual and language systems affecting model-brain correspondence.
1960h agoA novel co-simulation approach unifies micro- and macro-scales to capture brain dynamics, finding that the thalamus exhibits large, fluctuating spiking activity driven more by neural variability than external noise in Parkinson's disease simulations.
1960h agoEmergent properties arise when numerous interacting parts create new characteristics that individual parts do not have.
1960h agoA modified version of the HAVOK algorithm, called mHAVOK, extends the original algorithm to handle multiple input time series and accurately reconstructs system dynamics by separating linear and nonlinear terms.
1960h agoTime-dependent modulations of drift wave amplitudes affect particle transport and chaos in a magnetized plasma, with a strong negative correlation found between the system's average chaoticity and its transport efficiency.
1960h agoNonlinear systems with flat bands exhibit in-band supratransmission, enabling energy transfer for waves with frequencies within a flat or nearly flat linear band.
1960h agoWDVV equations can be interpreted as a set of linear line congruences in suitable Plucker embeddings, and can be represented as Hamiltonian systems of conservation laws.
1960h agoA two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling exhibits cyclic soliton motion with a distinct drift under a weak rotational external field, caused by a Lorentz force induced by a virtual magnetic monopole field.
1960h agoRing ferrodark solitons in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit self-sustained oscillations in their radius, accompanied by nematic tensor breathing at the core, and their motion follows an equation analogous to the Rayleigh-Plesset equation.
1960h agoScientists create a mathematical representation of 3D magnetization textures using simple quaternionic functions, which can help model high-density spintronic applications.
1960h agoA dipolar molecular rotor can rotate continuously on a graphene sheet when driven by an external electric field, with a rotation period of 2.96 ps when an alternating rectangular electric field of 0.5 V/Å is applied.
1960h agoIntegrable spin Calogero-Moser type systems with non-symmetric configurations of potential singularities are generalised using the representation theory of Cherednik algebras.
1960h agoThe stationary reduction method based on nonisospectral deformation of orthogonal polynomials derives discrete Painlev\'{e}-type equations and integrable difference systems with particular solutions and Lax pairs.
1960h agoThe cascade of bifurcations type trajectories in a fractional dynamical system are associated with weakly chaotic dynamics, characterized by lower Hurst exponent and recurrence time entropy values.
1960h agoAttractive potential wells in a triangular lattice produce a range of diffusive behaviors, including quasiballistic transport, which differs qualitatively and quantitatively from repulsive soft Lorentz gases.
1960h agoAdaptive network dynamical systems evolve on a low-dimensional subset of possible connectivity under constraints on network adaptation.
1960h agoThe q-characters of simple finite-dimensional modules over quantum affine algebras have an extremal monomial property under the braid group action.
1960h agoA simple model shows that self-propelled droplets emerge from the interplay between reacting surfactants, the Marangoni effect, and wetting dynamics, resulting in various motility modes including directional motion, crawling, and random walks.
1960h agoCertain non-uniform magnetic fields lead to a spectrum consisting of Landau levels, as found by considering isospectral deformations of a uniform magnetic field.
1960h agoNon-Hermitian perturbations transform point-like Dirac monopoles into extended monopole distributions with distinct charge configurations.
1960h agoStealthy disorder in the Anderson model allows for effective delocalization of electrons in one-dimensional systems, where the localization length exceeds the system size for a range of stealthiness values.
1960h agoThe leading eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a specific random graph model are of order square root of n, alternate in sign, and are located on a logarithmic spiral in the complex plane.
1960h agoDisorder in isolated quantum systems generates a narrow band of thermal eigenstates within an otherwise non-thermal spectrum, leading to a coexistence of thermal and non-thermal dynamics.
1960h agoQAOA parameter transfer from small problems to large problems provides generally improving solution quality as the QAOA depth increases, often converging close to the true ground-state energy.
1960h agoEshelby-like quadrupolar structures can be precisely identified and localized using a topological invariant known as the continuous Burgers vector, enabling the characterization of plastic instabilities in amorphous solids.
1960h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson and by Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked major new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses.
1960h agoA transformer-based model called ViV1T accurately predicts neuronal responses in mouse primary visual cortex to dynamic visual stimuli, capturing core properties and revealing new insights into sensory processing.
1960h agoAging impairs network-level synchrony and temporal coordination in specific frequency bands and regions of the brain, while preserving single-neuron function.
1960h agoNovel monoclonal antibodies targeting the huntingtin C-terminal domain were generated, allowing for reliable detection of huntingtin independently of polyglutamine length.
1960h agoThe D-type K+ current (ID) shapes the intrinsic properties of MesV neurons and the dynamics of electrical synaptic transmission, enhancing precision and reducing gain in coincidence detection.
1960h agoEngineered linker proteins, delivered through adeno-associated virus, restore laminin receptor binding and polymerization, enabling reassembly of a functional basement membrane and improving muscle histology and function in a severe LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy mouse model.
1960h agoA complete analytical framework with automated parameter selection enables accurate EEG/MEG source localization using multi-source spatial filtering, overcoming issues with source cancellation and limited adoption.
1960h agoCannflavin B, a non-psychoactive component of the Cannabis sativa plant, normalizes behavioural and neuronal system function alterations in a rat model of autism.
1964h agoHuman sleep follows recurring cycles of 8-60 days and is also affected by external factors such as season, weather, weekends, and holidays.
1964h agoDecreased cortical cholinergic innervation during focal seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy comes from direct inhibition and indirect de-excitation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert.
1964h agoHunger-related signaling and social behavior are linked in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) region of the brain, but melanocortin4 receptor (MC4R) in the PAG does not directly play a major role in modulating social behavior in rodents.
1964h agoPIKfyve regulates lysosomal function, phagocytosis, autophagy, and metabolism, and is essential for photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial cell health.
1964h agoKAT5 nuclear signaling plays a pivotal role in neuronal homeostasis and immune regulation, and its dysfunction contributes to Alzheimer disease.
1964h agoAdolescent exposure to a cannabis-like substance leads to lasting changes in brain wave patterns in adulthood, especially when exposure occurs during early adolescence.
1964h agoLocal excitatory CCK neurons in the hippocampus regulate hippocampal function by modulating neuronal activity and neuroplasticity, supporting hippocampal-dependent tasks.
1964h agoSleep deprivation impairs long-term memory by disrupting the regulation of mitochondrial electron transport chain activity through the downregulation of the long non-coding RNA Cerox1.
1964h agoOur perception of time is influenced by prior experience, which shapes internal expectations that affect the way we perceive current events.
1964h agoA new model estimates human lifespan based on neural signals, predicting mean lifetimes of 76.9 years for healthy adults and 69.7 years for epileptic patients.
1964h agoThe flash-lag effect, a perceptual misalignment of a moving object and a flashed static stimulus, is caused by anticipation generated by neural activity in visual cortical retinotopical maps, and is strongly affected by the direction of motion and features of these maps.
1964h agoBig tau, a longer tau isoform, is mainly found in the peripheral nervous system, making up about 50% of total tau in peripheral nerves, and its levels in cerebrospinal fluid do not change with Alzheimer's disease.
1964h agoRecurrent neural networks use either integration or oscillations to represent elapsed time, and their structured connectivity enables diverse solutions to temporal computation problems.
1964h agoPsilocybin produces a sustained pain-relieving effect in mice with chronic neuropathic pain, and also boosts the pain-relieving power of gabapentin.
1964h agoFUS-BBB modulation changes microglial morphology and reduces their contacts with synapses, while maintaining their surveillance activity, with shifts in shape and digestive activity observed at 1 and 24 hours after treatment.
1964h agoPEDOT:PSS modified with deep eutectic solvents improves neural interface performance by enabling thicker, softer coatings with lower impedance and higher charge injection capacity, leading to enhanced neural recording and stimulation capabilities.
1964h agoBrain scans show that individual differences in personality traits are linked to how structural and functional brain networks interact, especially during tasks related to those traits.
1964h agoOpenfUS Analyzer (OfUSA) helps researchers quickly analyze and interpret functional ultrasound (fUS) data to study large-scale brain dynamics, providing a standardized and reproducible solution for preclinical and translational research.
1964h agoMelanin-concentrating-hormone and Lhx6 neurons are mainly active during paradoxical sleep rebound, while Orexin neurons are active during both wakefulness and paradoxical sleep rebound.
1964h agoThe brain processes action perception through a posterior-to-anterior gradient, separating perceptual features from conceptual representations, and distinct pathways encode different aspects of actions, such as the target of the action.
1964h agoA polyethylene glycol-chitosan conjugate sealant promotes functional and morphological recovery in pigs with complete spinal cord transection, allowing treated animals to regain sensation, posture, and ambulation.
1964h agoDeprioritization of working memory items involves active neural mechanisms that are distinct from processing irrelevant information, and are supported by low-beta oscillatory dynamics in the parietal cortex.
1964h agoCombining patch-clamp electrophysiology with single-cell proteomics provides a powerful approach to link neuronal physiology with protein composition, and a new framework helps interpret the results by considering the quality of neuron retrieval.
1964h agoChildren who played a video game in virtual reality or on a tablet showed improvements in attention and academic abilities after 30 training sessions.
1964h agoSocial observation increases error-related negativity and decreases correct-related negativity over short periods of time, but not over longer periods of time.
1964h agoPrefrontal cortical high-frequency ripple chains in REM sleep help regulate the reactivation of recently acquired spatial memory in hippocampal-cortical circuits.
1964h agoPrion strain-specific differences in seeding activity emerge at pre-clinical stages, and distinct compensatory responses occur, including metabolic reprogramming and calcium signaling disturbances, allowing for sensitive detection of pre-clinical changes and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
1964h agoTDP-43 regulates microglial function through triglyceride metabolism, leading to changes in phagocytic activity, inflammation, and lipid storage in microglia.
1964h agoThe piRNA pathway, through AUB, functions at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction to repress transposable elements, including Copia, ensuring proper neuromuscular development and function.
1964h agoHyperexcitability of ventral hippocampal CA1/subiculum neurons causes social memory failure and anxiety-related behavior in temporal lobe epilepsy, and reducing this excitability restores normal behavior.
1968h agoA balance between TrkB and p75NTR in AgRP neurons controls the relationship between circuit structure and feeding behavior in response to changes in caloric intake.
1968h agoStatistical learning drives distractor suppression through a process that involves temporal state transitions, where attentional control shifts from distractor dominance to proactive suppression, and this process is influenced by spatial probability and threat signals.
1968h agoAstrocytes in the brain's reward region show immune activation and changes in gene expression during alcohol dependence, with distinct responses to alcohol drinking and dependence.
1968h agoOptimising exercise difficulty to an individual's ability improves performance and related motor skills in older adults, and enhances transfer of skills to similar tasks.
1968h agoCompensatory mechanisms that increase dopamine signaling are active in the substantia nigra, not the striatum, during progressive neuron loss in Parkinson's disease.
1968h agoThe locus coeruleus's signal changes with age, showing clear shifts during adolescence, and can be accurately imaged using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and T2-weighted images.
1968h agoDirect alignment of FDG-PET images to a standard template works as well as conventional methods that use anatomical scans, and can help reduce bias in studies of challenging patient populations.
1968h agoPretrained vision-language models can classify neuronal cell types from electrophysiological features without task-specific fine-tuning, enabling robust and generalizable subtype inference with minimal supervision.
1968h agoA set of three R packages has been developed to facilitate the shared development and validation of computational algorithms for identifying the seizure onset zone in epilepsy, enabling more accurate surgical interventions.
1972h agoPeople who had a mild traumatic brain injury have different changes in microRNA expression in their saliva during total sleep deprivation compared to those without the injury.
1972h agoTraumatic brain injury drives sex-dependent worsening of amyloid pathology, neuroinflammation, and gut microbial changes in mice, and fecal microbiota transplantation only partially restores these changes.
1972h agoEngineers developed a system to rapidly test opsins, used it to screen over 1,750 opsins, and discovered a mutated opsin called WAChR that can be activated by low levels of light, making it useful for neuroscience research and vision restoration therapies.
1972h agoTau aggregates are present in a small fraction of synaptosomes from control brains and increase with Alzheimer's disease progression, contributing to synaptic dysfunction and microglia-driven synaptic loss.
1972h agoChronic opioid exposure reprograms the cargo of brain-derived extracellular vesicles, which in turn alters neuronal gene expression and contributes to neuroadaptations associated with addiction.
1972h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregates slowly in the brain, leading to the formation of larger aggregates in a subset of cells, with larger aggregates detected in older mice and Parkinson's disease brain.
1972h agoCerebellar output triggers whisker movement through pre-motor nuclei, which modulate different aspects of whisking, resulting in varied movement patterns depending on the stimulated nucleus.
1972h agoTRPV1 channels play a key role in infrared neural stimulation-evoked cortical activity, with their activation leading to increased or suppressed firing of neurons in the somatosensory cortex.
1972h agoNeural oscillations in response to real-world scenes are complex and have distinct waveform shapes that are consistent within individuals and can be used to accurately decode the scenes.
1972h agoCNS-tau-specific antibodies distinguish and measure tau protein in the brain and blood, correlating with cognitive scores and differentiating impaired from unimpaired individuals across Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies.
1972h agoSimultaneous recording of auditory brainstem response and middle latency response allows for comprehensive assessment of auditory function, identifying key waves ABR wave V and MLR waves Na and Pa consistently across different frequencies and rates.
1972h agoThe brain's neural flexibility determines its potential to generate creative solutions, and a specific network of frontal-temporal interactions in the beta frequency band can predict creative performance across different tasks.
1972h agoEndothelial IFN1 signaling helps to stabilize blood vessels and reduce damage after a stroke by promoting a strong blood-brain barrier and suppressing abnormal vessel growth.
1972h agoIndividual electrical synapses are formed by combining different gap junction channel types, made of multiple proteins, which work together to regulate neural connections and behaviors.
1972h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex creates a stable spatial map that preserves the relationships and distances between navigational targets, allowing for flexible navigation across different environments.
1972h agoEarly-life adversity effects on mental health are moderated by specific brain features that either protect or make individuals more vulnerable to psychiatric disorders.
1972h agoLess involvement of sensorimotor processing regions during number processing is associated with better math skills in adults.
1972h agoAβ and tau interact with microtubules, and Aβ displaces tau, leading to microtubule dysfunction, tau phosphorylation and aggregation, and potentially causing Alzheimer's disease.
1972h agoThe right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) plays a role in teaching abilities by helping to evaluate belief formation processes.
1972h agoIon channel diversity in neurons promotes the robustness of their specific functions by increasing the variance in membrane properties, allowing neurons to maintain their functions despite internal and external perturbations.
1972h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex's connections from other brain regions change and mature from birth to adulthood, shifting from a widespread to a precisely tuned organization.
1972h agoReduced Scn2a expression disrupts gene expression in multiple neuronal subtypes, affecting neurotransmitter activity regulation and synapse organization.
1972h agoThe precise temporal structure of spatial representations in the hippocampus during locomotion is crucial for learning.
1972h agoMicroglia can have different activation states, and a new imaging and analysis framework can map these states at single-cell resolution, providing a nuanced view of microglial heterogeneity.
1972h agoScientists map synaptic connections in the mouse visual cortex using a combination of two-photon optogenetics, electrical recordings, and sparse signal reconstruction.
1976h agoA new computational system maps synaptic connectivity at high speed using two-photon holographic optogenetics and intracellular recordings.
1976h agoNeuromorphic engineering may hold the keys to more efficient inference with transformer-like models.
1980h agoLarger language models' self-attention better predicts readers' eye movements and brain responses in language areas, and instruction tuning has no added benefit.
1980h agoGenerative AI aligns with generative linguistics as neural language models are formal generative models, and generative linguistics provides a framework for evaluating and improving them.
1980h agoA new method combining deep learning and Dynamic Input Conductances links spike timing in neurons to the composition of ion channels controlling their activity.
1984h agoA framework integrating The Virtual Brain platform and the Collaborative Brain Wave Analysis Pipeline guides parameter tuning to produce a whole-brain model that exhibits biologically relevant features, including complex activity patterns and rhythms.
1984h agoMetalearning helps machines overcome classic challenges in artificial neural networks by providing incentives to improve specific skills and opportunities to practice those skills.
1984h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly fixated.
1984h agoReservoir computing can reconstruct and predict complex dynamics because it exhibits generalized synchronization during learning, which is based on the theory of embedding and generalized synchronization.
1984h agoThe proposed algorithm combines Deep Learning with mathematical model-based selection strategies to reliably analyze short and noisy experimental time series data, producing highly accurate results in tests with ex-vivo frog heart experiment data.
1984h agoThe dynamical symmetry breaking associated with breather solutions in nonlinear hyperbolic evolution equations is studied using a high-precision numerical scheme, clarifying the relationship between velocity, mass, and amplitude of perturbation and the conditions for state transitions.
1984h agoThe four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory can realize integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theories through dynamical coordinate transformations.
1984h agoMean-motion resonances and their connections enable natural semi-major axis transport in the Earth-Moon system through ballistic pathways that achieve major orbit changes within reasonable times.
1984h agoThin clamped plates can transfer sound energy to higher frequencies using nonlinear effects, and their vibrational behavior changes with the amplitude and frequency of the sound wave, switching between harmonic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic regimes.
1984h agoQuantum systems can exhibit complex nonlinear behaviors like quasiperiodicity, strange nonchaotic dynamics, and chaos, similar to classical nonlinear systems.
1984h agoPhotonic accelerators use optical frequency differences to make decisions with less cost and memory.
1984h agoScientists construct quantum-integrable spin chains with long-range interactions by freezing integrable quantum many-body systems with spins, resulting in chains like the Heisenberg and Haldane-Shastry chains.
1984h agoThe delocalization-localization phase diagrams are obtained for a quasiperiodic system with modulations in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium steady states.
1984h agoA neural network directly maps input parameters to displacement fields to model moiré superlattice relaxation in twisted bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides with machine-level precision and speed.
1984h agoAutoregressive neural quantum states show transitions in their average entanglement scaling, entanglement spectra, and correlation functions, and their normalization function affects entanglement and fluctuations.
1984h agoThe effective diffusivity of a tracer molecule in sheared supercooled liquids increases linearly with the shear rate, not quadratically as predicted by the Taylor-Aris theory.
1984h agoSpatial transcriptomics reveals that mouse prefrontal cortex has a distinct organization with specific neuronal subtypes that regulate chronic pain.
1984h agoCarbonized rubber electrodes cause a non-zero voltage offset in brain stimulation studies, which can be problematic for concurrent EEG recordings.
1984h agoPerineuronal net changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not caused by problems within motor neurons, but may result from interactions with other cell types in the central nervous system.
1984h agoPhytocannabinoids that act on the CB1 receptor, specifically cannabinol and tetrahydrocannabivarin, reduce alcohol consumption in rats with a good safety profile.
1988h agoFocal hand dystonia patients have lower spatial acuity and more disordered digit maps in their dominant hand compared to healthy volunteers, and botulinum toxin treatment leads to more localized touch perception.
1988h agoDeleting C1q from microglia in young adulthood reduces cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease mouse models without worsening amyloid plaque buildup.
1992h agoKnocking down CRFR1 receptors in the posterior part of the lateral hypothalamus increases alcohol consumption in mice, while having no effect or opposite effects in the anterior part.
1992h agoHDAC9, a histone deacetylase, helps maintain cognitive and synaptic functions, and its deficiency or decreased expression contributes to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
1992h agoThe anterior lateral motor cortex helps mice make flexible choices by reconfiguring local circuits to match context and sensory input to the correct motor response.
1992h agoThe p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and its deletion leads to reduced neural stem cell proliferation and altered neuronal differentiation, which worsens under Alzheimer's disease conditions.
1992h agoThe superior colliculus plays a more important role than the primary visual cortex in guiding visual spatial detection in freely moving mice.
1992h agoNeurons with high mitochondrial activity activate the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response when stressed, and this response is linked to abundant mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts.
1992h agoFat-taste enhancers NKS-3 and NKS-5 reduce fat intake and body weight gain in obese mice by reorganizing the brain's reward system and regulating the oral-gut-brain axis.
1992h agoHigh-frequency deep brain stimulation of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus suppresses tremor activity by depressing synapses and recruiting inhibitory neurons that balance excitatory and inhibitory activity.
1992h agoThe brain uses compositional representations and shared low-dimensional manifolds to flexibly generate a diverse range of movements by combining learned computational primitives.
1992h agoAlphaherpesviruses establish lifelong latency in the central nervous system, particularly in mesiotemporal regions, and can reactivate, causing recurrent disease.
1992h agoBelief updating follows Bayesian principles, guiding perceptual decisions under uncertainty, with pupil dilations reflecting the process, and this process works similarly across different auditory domains.
1996h agoThe thalamus generates and maintains coherent population dynamics on its own, even without structured input from upstream areas.
1996h agoAdolescent stress increases oxycodone self-administration in rats, making them more prone to misuse prescription opioids.
1996h agoVesiclePy, a new pipeline, automatically segments, classifies, and analyzes vesicles in large-volume electron microscopy data, enabling the study of the full vesicle endowment across an entire neuronal morphology.
1996h agoThe cortisol awakening response helps people suppress recent emotional memories by boosting activity in brain areas that control memory and emotion.
1996h agoCompartmentalised inflammation in multiple sclerosis is characterised by B cell activity and antibody secretion, particularly in areas with tertiary lymphoid-like structures.
1996h agoAcetylcholine neurons that co-transmit GABA are mainly restricted to a small population in specific brain areas, and GABA co-transmission is not required to maintain regular acetylcholine neuron count in the brain.
1996h agoSpecialized striatal modules actively participate in extracting basic visual features from objects, and parallel visual information processing occurs in basal ganglia circuits.
2000h agoLocus coeruleus neurons release dopamine in a modality-dependent manner to regulate arousal, anxiety, and learning.
2000h agoRepetitive sensory stimulation fails to induce plasticity in the brains of mice with Fragile X syndrome, due to disrupted inhibitory control, altered neural structure, and rapid adaptation.
2000h agoNeurons in the globus pallidus and primary motor cortex encode ordinal position throughout a sequence of movements, rather than just initiating or terminating the sequence.
2000h agoBiophysical properties, morphological details, and ion channel distribution across the membrane all interact to contribute to the functionality and response variability of neurons of the same cell type.
2000h agoThe hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex help stabilize episodic memories in youth, and experiences in early life influence how these brain areas work together to affect long-term memory.
2000h agoThe efferent vestibular system acts as a multimodal processing center and integrator for the vestibular periphery, receiving inputs from distinct populations of brainstem and midbrain regions.
2000h agoThe hippocampus updates its representations of temporally extended sequences soon after new learning, integrating old and new information to enable flexible predictions about future events.
2000h agoThe brain uses a distributed code across the cortex, not just a localized area, to represent working memory load.
2000h agoThe zebrafish pallium receives and processes sensory information through a thalamocortical-like pathway, with sensory responses becoming increasingly complex and hierarchical along the posterior-anterior axis.
2000h agoAxon-carrying dendrite cells use a single-modal strategy to encode inputs from one assembly during learning, whereas non-axon-carrying dendrite cells use a multi-modal approach to encode inputs from distinct assemblies.
2000h agoPurkinje cells in the mouse cerebellar cortex receive increasingly specific parallel fiber inputs from birth to 2 weeks of age, guided by a sequence of early afferent activity and transient cellular structures.
2004h agoEhmt1 haploinsufficiency causes region- and cell-type specific changes in GABAergic interneuron populations throughout the brain, including increased VIP+ neuron density, decreased SST+ neuron density, and precocious maturation of PV+ interneurons.
2004h agoThe gut microbiome from schizophrenia patients causes insulin resistance and alters microbial metabolism in female mice, contributing to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
2004h agoBrain features are not used in clinics for diagnosis and prognosis because current methods comparing patient and healthy control data are unlikely to identify effective biomarkers.
2008h agoRecent scholarship reconceptualizes Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by identifying potential adaptive characteristics, including heightened energy and advanced cognitive flexibility, in addition to highlighting positive traits and successful coping strategies used by high functioning individuals with ADHD.
2008h agoEEG brain wave patterns can serve as reliable indicators of pain, with changes in beta-band waves in the brain differentiating between painful and non-painful sensations.
2008h agoA new framework called HiLWS helps curate and annotate videos of hand motor tasks from clinical and home settings, improving the accuracy of machine learning models in assessing motor symptoms in conditions like Parkinson's disease.
2008h agoA new method using discrete geometry analyzes dynamic changes in neural interactions during social exchanges by interpreting inter-brain connectivity changes through evolving geometric structures of neural networks.
2008h agoA machine learning framework reveals that consciousness arises from causal variables and their dynamics unfolding across multiple scales in the brain.
2008h agoPeople with worsening vision walk slower and use different gaze strategies, with fully sighted individuals having consistent patterns and fully blind individuals having the most adapted patterns, and visual acuity and rehabilitation experience influencing gaze use.
2008h agoSpontaneous self-organized criticality in neural systems maintains reliable information representation by restricting representational drift and enhancing low-dimensional representation.
2008h agoAn algorithm can infer emotional valence from EEG signals recorded in people experiencing stress in a virtual reality environment.
2008h agoThe geometric phase explains the relation between mean-return-time phase and stochastic asymptotic phase in stochastic oscillators, unifying distinct phase definitions and revealing how noise reshapes oscillatory behavior.
2008h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly focused on.
2008h agoA new neuromuscular recording system captures muscle activity with over 100 channels and decodes it into patterns of spinal motoneuron activation, achieving perfect classification accuracy for 12 tasks and over 96% accuracy for up to 16 tasks.
2008h agoCritical brain activity helps mice perform visual tasks better, with brain activity showing a special pattern when they complete the task successfully.
2008h agoMetrics like linear Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA) and Procrustes distance best differentiate between trained and untrained models and align with behavioral measures when comparing high-dimensional neural data.
2008h agoMemory is stored as statistics that are repeatedly summarized and compressed to make room for new input, allowing us to accommodate unbounded sensory input within bounded memory.
2008h agoMulti-Region Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (MR-LFADS) accurately disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved regions, and local neural population dynamics.
2008h agoA new framework defines the conditions for consciousness by combining information theory and moment-to-moment theory, allowing for a generalizable understanding of consciousness in both biological and artificial systems.
2008h agoArbor, a software library, enables efficient simulation of large-scale networks of biological neurons with detailed structures, supporting the study of synaptic plasticity's impact on network dynamics.
2008h agoA cavity approach unifies the analysis of three high-dimensional learning problems, revealing similarities in their underlying structure.
2008h agoSelf-organized resource allocation and policy synergy occur between different subpopulations using different learning policies, leading to optimized resource allocation through complex mechanisms.
2008h agoDeterministic coherence and anti-coherence resonance occur simultaneously in two coupled chaotic Lorenz oscillators when the coupling strength is varied.
2008h agoTurbulence has both deterministic and stochastic properties, explained by convective space-time chaos, where secondary perturbations grow and move away, leading to repeatable patterns and eventual domination by random components.
2008h agoBasin boundaries in equivariant dynamical systems often exhibit higher symmetry than the attractors they separate.
2008h agoA new r-matrix structure is defined on the moduli space of framed vector bundles on a Riemann surface of higher genus, generalizing known r-matrices on the Riemann sphere, cylinder, and torus.
2008h agoHamiltonian systems with mixed chaos develop regular behavior when coupled to a cold thermal bath, and this leads to the emergence of robust dynamical order.
2008h agoThe boundary separating regular and chaotic dynamics in a generalized map deforms systematically as the phase shift increases, and a machine learning model identifies this boundary across the parameter space.
2008h agoA machine learning method using two agents that mimic a predator and prey enables faster optimization on complex landscapes by having the predator guide the prey along narrow ravines, resulting in up to a hundred times faster learning.
2008h agoThe geometric phase explains the relation between mean-return-time phase and stochastic asymptotic phase in stochastic oscillators, unifying distinct phase definitions and revealing how noise reshapes oscillatory behavior.
2008h agoThe partition functions of 5d SYM theories with SU(2) gauge group and four flavours obey blowup relations that can be linked to the weights of a Lie algebra through Weyl group action.
2008h agoNew solutions to the decoration transformation are found using special functions, which help decorate Ising-like integrable lattice spin models.
2008h agoThe study derives an explicit formula for counting l-hypermaps, which generalizes a previous formula for ribbon graphs, and also generalizes a related theorem.
2008h agoThe updated keyword diagram of complex systems reveals differences and overlaps between public perception and actual usage of keywords in publications, and identifies four highly interconnected topical communities.
2008h agoEukaryotic cells use different patterns of filamentous actin and its regulators to perform various cell functions, including distinct motility modes, through a mass-conserved reaction-diffusion model involving Rho-GTPase and F-actin.
2008h agoThe elliptic direct linearization scheme provides a method to construct nonsingular real solutions, including solitons and their interactions on a periodic background, for several equations.
2008h agoThe focusing gauged MKdV (FGMKdV) equation is linked to the real part of the focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, and its solutions are constructed using hyperelliptic curves, generalizing Euler's elasticae.
2008h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks through a gradient-based optimization method.
2008h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
2008h agoThe preparation of eigenstates of spin chains can be done efficiently using quantum circuits with polynomial depth growth for both free-fermionic and some interacting models.
2008h agoMagnetic particles can act as effective probes for measuring and forcing turbulence at its smallest scale, revealing a rich phenomenology, including stochastic resonance and a novel symmetry-breaking mechanism, that offers insights into flexible particle manipulation and vorticity measurement.
2008h agoSpecific conditions make generic scattering systems act as robust wave splitters that can split waveforms without changing their relative amplitude or phase.
2008h agoA novel decoupling limit of the membrane leads to a classically integrable model in 1+2 dimensions.
2008h agoBinomial maps allow stochastic evolution of population models, linking agent-based models to traditional deterministic map models, and enabling analysis of small populations with demographic noise and extinction.
2008h agoThe first nonlinear stage of modulation instability of periodic waves in multidimensional generalizations of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation shows universal behavior, described by adiabatic deformations of the Akhmediev breather solution, with wave growth, fission, fusion, and decay processes.
2008h agoTurbulence self-organizes into coherent structures through a process of nonequilibrium phase transitions, forming dense structures with quantized loop currents of phase information that exhibit universal power-law behaviour.
2008h agoThe replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models is revised to handle unknown or complex data-generating distributions by using a variational Gaussian approximation.
2008h agoA Large Language Model's ability to mimic human intelligence shows a temperature-induced phase transition in the Turing test.
2008h agoComplex biological mixtures can perform information retrieval through metastable phase separation.
2008h agoAn automated workflow streamlines the creation of accurate neural-network interatomic potentials, enabling users to achieve high-precision simulations with minimal human intervention.
2008h agoThe Spectral-Entangling Strength measure reveals a universal limit for R\'enyi entanglement growth, with a robust $1/s^2$ tail in the entanglement spectrum, and establishes a link between entanglement and computational complexity.
2008h agoA neural network made of atoms and photons can recall memories with high storage capacity, even when storing many patterns, by using quantum-optical nonequilibrium dynamics.
2008h agoA cavity approach unifies the analysis of three high-dimensional learning problems, revealing similarities in their underlying structure.
2008h agoSpin-glass dynamics research has made key progress, with experiments and simulations converging to show that spin-glass coherence lengths can reach almost macroscopic dimensions and exhibit complex physics, including memory, rejuvenation, and temperature chaos.
2008h agoA neuromorphic network, which is a dynamical system itself, can learn and model complex dynamical systems by optimizing its internal responses through manipulation of input electrodes and voltages.
2008h agoVortex loops govern the Anderson transition in three-dimensional chiral symmetry classes, and their behavior shares a unified theoretical framework with transitions in three-dimensional type-II superconductors.
2008h agoThe four spin correlations of the intensity of a speckle pattern encode the spin-orientation memory of interacting quenched systems, and this can be measured using resonant magnetic x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.
2008h agoMany-body localization lends robustness to nonequilibrium phases of matter, which can exhibit topological and symmetry-breaking order, and can be classified using a framework of quantum cellular automata.
2008h agoThe winding number distribution of a random matrix model becomes Gaussian as the matrix dimensions increase.
2008h agoMachine learning protocol estimates the probability that configurations with a certain energy belong to the ordered, coexistence, or disordered phase, allowing for the calculation of critical energies and latent heat.
2008h agoThe Notch3 mutation causing CADASIL disease leads to distinct neurovascular changes depending on whether it is expressed in smooth muscle cells or pericytes, with each cell type showing unique responses in vascular pathology.
2012h agoExpressing short-wavelength mouse cone opsin in retinal ganglion cells of blind mice induces membrane hyperpolarization, unlike the depolarizing effects of mid-wavelength cone opsin.
2016h agoCombining N-acetylcysteine with non-contact high-frequency low-intensity pulsed electric field stimulation reduces oxidative stress and protects human neuronal cells from damage caused by hydrogen peroxide.
2016h agoCochlear implant users have trouble with sound localization because their devices do not effectively convey interaural time differences through pulse timing, which is crucial for spatial hearing.
2016h agoFace pareidolia emerges from a temporal cascade that integrates global and local visual information, with early sensory encoding giving way to higher-order perceptual evaluation.
2016h agoMild traumatic brain injury causes changes in plasma endolipids, with acute head injury driving more changes in males than females, and females showing a lack of precursors for resolving molecules, which may be related to post-concussion syndrome.
2016h agoNoise-induced hearing loss causes changes in neuronal density, neurotransmission, and microstructure in the central auditory nervous system, including increased neurofilament density, altered microstructure, and decreased glutamate and GABA levels.
2016h agoA 3D model of the blood-brain barrier, formed by human brain cells, mimics the barrier's function and structure, allowing for studies of its role in health and disease.
2016h agoCombining EEG and EMG signals creates a hybrid Brain Interface Computer (BCI) device that can control a hand exoskeleton by classifying brain and muscle activity when people attempt to move their fingers.
2016h agoAging leads to accumulation of perineuronal nets in the hippocampus, increased neuroinflammation, and memory deficits, but not in the dorsal striatum where microglial activation still occurs.
2016h agoSFRP1 drives astrocytic metabolic activation, enhancing glycolysis over mitochondrial respiration, to sustain energy demands during inflammation.
2016h agoA large, open-access archive of 1,300 audiovisual clips provides a resource to study misophonia, a condition in which everyday sounds evoke intense emotional and physiological responses.
2016h agoThe claustrum volume changes with age, hemisphere, and sex, following a trajectory of rapid growth from infancy to adolescence, a plateau phase in adulthood, and a decline in old age, with the right claustrum being larger than the left and females having larger volumes than males.
2016h agoThe auditory cortex encodes amplitude-modulation signals with high accuracy, with core areas processing a wider range of frequencies and the left hemisphere showing enhanced encoding, especially in the supragranular layers.
2016h agoSpinophilin regulates dopamine D2 receptor function by mediating agonist-induced receptor internalization, which limits the efficacy of dopamine D2 receptor agonists in treating Parkinson's disease motor deficits.
2016h agoSERPINA3N aggravates neural injury and vascular damage under pathological conditions, and its overexpression drives a pro-inflammatory response and promotes neurodegeneration after brain injury.
2016h agoA neural circuit model shows that recurrent excitation within the evidence integration population supports sensory evidence accumulation, working memory, and reward rate optimisation, and explains decision-making and interference.
2016h agoA deep learning framework using a one-dimensional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and a linear classifier accurately detects seizures and Low-Voltage Fast Activity (LVFA) in stereo electroencephalography (SEEG) data of patients with focal epilepsy.
2020h agoRats emit a distinct type of ultrasonic vocalization when consuming palatable food, and this vocalization is modulated by the endogenous opioid system.
2020h agoFunctional ultrasound imaging provides a continuous and stable assessment of cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular autoregulation, correlating strongly with red blood cell flux and showing higher stability and reproducibility than standard approaches.
2020h agoEarly visual experience impacts the development of the human brain's white matter, with people born with dense bilateral cataracts showing impaired white matter integrity that partially recovers after sight restoration later in life.
2020h agoFree online webinar platforms can democratize scientific knowledge and support career development globally by providing more inclusive modes of communication.
2024h agoNeurons that respond to illusory contours drive pattern completion in V1, which may mediate perceptual inference by reinforcing activity patterns that match prior expectations.
2024h agoAMPAR signaling drives the acute activation of ependymal-derived neural stem/progenitor cells after spinal cord injury, and this mechanism can be targeted therapeutically to harness the spinal cord's regenerative potential.
2024h agoTau aggregates have different interactors in various diseases, including Alzheimer's, progressive supranuclear palsy, and dementia with Lewy bodies, determining unique molecular signatures for each condition.
2024h agoSerotonin receptors are expressed differently on neurons in the auditory system, with glutamatergic neurons primarily expressing inhibitory receptors and GABAergic neurons expressing excitatory receptors.
2024h agoThe GABABR1a receptor mediates the inhibitory effect of sAPPalpha on neurite outgrowth by suppressing axon length in neurons.
2024h agoPeople with dyslexia have impaired neural processing of speech rhythms, marked by abnormal delta-band power and phase entrainment in theta, beta, and gamma bands.
2024h agoSmaller surface areas of the cingulate cortex, particularly the left anterior cingulate cortex, are associated with higher cortisol stress responses in individuals, especially males.
2024h agoA new MRI technique allows non-invasive tracking of remyelination in the brain by detecting the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into myelin-producing cells.
2024h agoThe fetal brain's structural connectivity increases in integration and segregation and follows a sigmoid growth pattern, with a rapid strengthening of connections around 27.5-30.5 weeks of gestation.
2024h agoA unified approach called DCHO models and forecasts the temporal evolution of higher-order brain connectivity, capturing interactions among three or more brain regions, based on a decomposition-composition framework.
2032h agoThe cerebellum contributes to human cognition through functional specializations tailored to different task domains, and operates under core constraints of prediction, timescale, and continuity.
2032h agoEEG neurofeedback does not enable people to control their brain activity on purpose, but instead causes changes due to non-specific influences.
2032h agoNeural mass models can be described using ideas from physics, such as energy and conserved quantities, which helps to understand their dynamics and link them to energy landscape theory.
2032h agoHumans walk and run in a mixture of gaits at speeds between 1.9 and 3.0 meters per second, with the walk versus run fraction changing with speed to minimize energy expenditure.
2032h agoCombining Active Inference with the Drift-Diffusion Model explains cognitive effort arising from habit violation and value discriminability, and integrating the two frameworks improves parameter recovery.
2032h agoA new 3D musculoskeletal model of Drosophila legs is developed, enabling investigation of motor control and biomechanics' contribution to complex limb movements.
2032h agoA deep-neural-network method helps eliminate spiral-wave turbulence in heart tissue models by applying control currents on a mesh electrode to prevent sudden cardiac death.
2032h agoThermodynamic efficiency can be generalized to settings with multiple control parameters, and it can be interpreted from an observer's perspective in terms of how well system parameters can be inferred from observable behavior or how difficult it is to navigate the statistical manifold.
2032h agoThe Turing theory remains valid for adaptive symmetric networks with positive weights, and its instability conditions depend on the network's Laplace matrix and model parameters.
2032h agoIntegrable generalized Henon-Heiles systems with specific Hamiltonians have orbits that transition from bounded to escaping as physical parameters change, with a mechanism behind the escape to infinity that varies across different integrable cases.
2032h agoThe Lugiato-Lefever model of optical cavities has a family of stable and unstable time-periodic orbits, called oscillating Turing rolls, that play a fundamental role in the transition from stable Turing rolls to turbulent regimes.
2032h agoIncreasing entanglement in a system of two entangled qubits causes chaos to arise sooner and reduces the time it takes for chaotic trajectories to converge.
2032h agoA bouncing ball interacting with an irregular surface moves in a way that is similar to a random walk, with its movement becoming more spread out over time in a predictable pattern.
2032h agoSolitons in a discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation exhibit self-induced nonreciprocal dynamics, where their behavior changes based on their power, leading to unidirectional acceleration and amplification.
2032h agoThe solution to a Riemann-Hilbert problem constructs soliton solutions to a fifth-order nonlinear partial differential equation, which under certain restrictions yields soliton solutions to the Sawada-Kotera equation.
2032h agoThe active phase of a one-dimensional kinetic contact process has a hierarchical structure of percolation patterns, with more complex patterns emerging on top of simpler ones through cascades of continuous transitions.
2032h agoPairwise interactions can give rise to synergistic information in complex systems, and antibalanced correlational structures or interaction motifs are conditions under which this happens.
2032h agoFaraday waves emerge in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates when a periodic modulation of the scattering length drives collective excitations at a specific frequency.
2032h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β shows properties consistent with quantum chaos, and its correlation functions and moduli space volumes exhibit structural properties that can be interpreted geometrically.
2032h agoThe analysis of biological and artificial neural networks requires considering generic real-asymmetric matrix ensembles, and this approach reveals a universality among them.
2032h agoThe active phase of a one-dimensional kinetic contact process has a hierarchical structure of percolation patterns, with more complex patterns emerging on top of simpler ones through cascades of continuous transitions.
2032h agoArtificial nano-optoelectronic neurons with a circuit footprint reduced by at least a factor of 100 and operating powers in the picowatt regime mimic biological neural networks, enabling photonic neuromorphic computing and adaptive optical sensing.
2032h agoSchwann cell-derived extracellular vesicles carry different molecular cargo at various stages of nerve repair, regulating processes such as myelin ensheathment, neuronal differentiation, and neurogenesis.
2044h agoHead direction cells in the thalamus process sensorimotor inputs differently and connect to various brain areas, and they come in distinct types that provide parallel sensorimotor messages.
2044h agoCombining low-NA telecentric scanning with high-NA fluorescence collection increases the field of view for deep brain imaging through GRIN lenses by effectively eliminating optical aberrations.
2044h agoNeurons with a Presenilin-1 gene mutation have abnormal calcium dynamics, increased mitochondrial respiration, and higher levels of intracellular ROS, leading to a failure in maintaining the electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane.
2044h agoAnimals use coordinated movements and body mechanics to interact with their environment and generate maximal forces to escape from capture.
2052h agoChanges in lipid composition, particularly increases in hexosylceramides and sulfatides, and altered sphingolipid catabolism in lysosomes contribute to brain aging and resemble changes seen in lysosomal storage diseases.
2052h agoGABAB receptors play a dual role in regulating oligodendrocyte differentiation and immune responses in the brain, and their activation with baclofen reduces disease severity and promotes remyelination in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.
2052h agoCortical neurons adapt to loss of fast inhibition through two sequential mechanisms: a transient reduction of excitatory synaptic input, followed by changes in intrinsic membrane properties that decrease input resistance.
2052h agoConvolutional neural networks reveal that wide-field amacrine cells inhibit retinal ganglion cell activity by 10-30% through optimized suppressive surrounds, providing new insights into retinal processing.
2052h agoBinocular vision combines similar inputs from the two eyes into a single percept, and neural responses to binocular stimuli vary with phase relationships, with data best explained by a two-stage contrast gain-control model with parallel monocular channels.
2064h agoLoss of Neurexin1 disrupts the use of past experiences to inform decisions, leading to abnormal brain activity and behavior.
2072h agoA low-cost electronic retina simulator called RetINaBox helps users discover how the visual system builds feature detectors through hands-on experimentation.
2072h agoThe characteristics of virtual environments have little impact on perceived travel distance, with only ground texture, environment scale, and starfield density affecting estimates of distance traveled.
2072h agoReduced inhibitory input from the nucleus accumbens to the ventral pallidum permits activation of the ventral pallidum, which facilitates social play behavior in juvenile rats.
2072h agoKetamine does not change brain activation related to reward processing in healthy individuals 5 hours after infusion, despite strong subjective effects.
2072h agoPlanning involves balancing immediate gains against long-term goals, and brain areas specialize in valuing actions based on their immediate and future benefits.
2072h agoParkinson's disease risk variants affect different brain cell types, classifying patients into six subgroups with distinct symptoms, including motor and non-motor symptoms related to specific cell types.
2072h agoPerceptual consistency and working memory best predict listeners' ability to understand speech in noise.
2072h agoZbtb20 deficiency causes autism-like symptoms and brain changes in mice, but treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin improves these symptoms.
2072h agoPeople postpone making perceptual decisions until they have relevant response options, and then they make more accurate decisions by sequentially sampling stored sensory information from memory.
2072h agoNeuronal filters in electrically coupled networks interact through frequency-dependent amplitude and phase-difference coupling coefficients, shaped by ionic and synaptic currents, and external inputs.
2072h agoErythropoietin stimulates the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells, contributing to myelination, and may be a potential treatment for remyelination therapies.
2072h agoA biobank of patient-derived cells reveals distinct cellular defects in brain organoids from people with neurodevelopmental disorders, including defects in cell survival, cell junctions, and excessive growth of certain cell types.
2072h agoThe sensorimotor system has multiple implicit learning subcomponents with different goals, including implicit recalibration for refining actions and implicit aiming for selecting actions to achieve specific goals.
2072h agoCCL5/CCR5 signaling inhibits neuronal excitation, and blocking it improves symptoms of depression, including anxiety and memory, by increasing neuronal oscillations and plasticity.
2072h agoA fully automated system records neural activity from human cortical organoids and accurately distinguishes between organoids derived from healthy individuals and those with Alzheimer's disease mutations.
2072h agoFunctional brain networks in children aged 8-60 months show individual variability, with sensory cortices being more consistent across the population than association cortices, and network lateralization in the language network increasing with age.
2072h agoThe Cb- and BG-thalamocortical circuits play distinct roles in motor control, with Cb inputs to VLp encoding movement direction more strongly and quickly than BG inputs to VLa.
2072h agoThe netneurotools Python toolkit streamlines brain imaging projects by providing a set of commonly used functions and routines that fill gaps in existing software packages.
2076h agoTactile surface perception changes based on hand posture and functional demands, and the brain dynamically assigns where the surface is and which side we occupy.
2076h agoA memristor-based system analyzes raw analog signals from a genomic sequencer directly in memory, achieving substantial improvements in speed and efficiency for real-time genomic analysis.
2076h agoProposed system SECRET-GWAS enables secure collaborative genome-wide association studies with large datasets while maintaining privacy and accuracy.
2076h agoA complete photonic neuron integrated on a silicon-nitride chip enables ultrafast all-optical computing with nonlinear multi-kernel convolution for image recognition and motion generation.
2076h agoWtCoxG, a new genetic analysis method, improves statistical power for time-to-event data by addressing case ascertainment and using external allele frequency information.
2076h agoTau misfolding and aggregation cause diseases like Alzheimer's and a new treatment, ATB2005A, degrades these tau aggregates, showing therapeutic efficacy in mouse models and a Phase 2 clinical trial in dogs, and is now in human clinical trials.
2076h agoThe statistical Extreme Value Theory provides a framework for category learning by focusing on the extremes of visual input distributions, which better predicts human category membership decisions than traditional central tendency models.
2076h agoSocial experience impacts multiple genes in the brain, and disrupting certain pheromone receptors and transcription factors normalizes the brain's response to social isolation or group housing.
2076h agoThe visual brain quickly encodes information about food edibility and identity, and represents flavour profiles regardless of hunger state or attention, but personal appeal and arousal information emerge only when the food is relevant to the task.
2076h agoA three-neuron circuit consisting of one inhibitory and two excitatory interneurons generates rhythmic leg movements that drive walking in flies.
2076h agoPathogenic tau blocks synaptic plasticity by binding to eIF4B, which stops the local synthesis of proteins needed for memory formation.
2076h agoNeural activity drives changes in gene expression that are crucial for learning, and single-cell long-read sequencing reveals new details about these changes, including cell-type specific transcript isoform expression and alternative splicing in mouse hippocampal cells.
2076h agoBlocking endocytosis in glia increases sleep, and this increase is linked to the accumulation of peroxidized lipids, suggesting that sleep helps clear these toxic lipids from the brain.
2076h agoThe microRNA miR-9a regulates behavioral changes in female fruit flies after mating by controlling the growth of sensory neurons through a dual regulatory system involving epithelial and neuronal signals.
2076h agoBifrontal tDCS at rest decreases cortical oxygenation, alters network connectivity, increases parasympathetic activity, and reduces anger, promoting a calm physiological and emotional state.
2084h agoNetworks optimised for efficient working memory encoding exhibit high-dimensional rotational dynamics that emerge from efficient coding principles.
2084h agoElectrotactile stimuli elicit faster responses than visual stimuli, and larger intensity shifts lead to faster and more accurate responses to electrotactile stimulation.
2084h agoA novel approach using the Riemannian diffusion kernel accurately represents continuous structural connectivity on the cortical surface, accounting for its complex geometry.
2084h agoConcurrent functional linear mixed models can identify associations between photometry signals and behavioral variables that change over time, and can lead to different conclusions than traditional analysis methods that use behavioral summaries.
2088h agoA cellular tipping point, arising from the competition between aggregate accumulation and removal, universally emerges across neurodegenerative diseases, separating healthy cells from those burdened with large aggregate loads.
2088h agoApomorphine improves gait in Parkinson's disease by changing brain rhythms and increasing transitions to movement, but also alters movement patterns by reducing leg velocity and step length.
2096h agoCortico-hippocampal dynamics emerge from feedback loops and coupling between the cortex and hippocampus, leading to different states of activity and potentially explaining the involvement of the hippocampus in seizures.
2096h agoPsilocybin enhances the claustrum's inhibitory influence on cortical networks and reduces its inhibitory influence on subcortical areas, which is associated with its subjective effects.
2096h agoSystemic inflammation promotes hyper-exploitation by reducing exploratory behaviour in animals making decisions about food in complex environments.
2096h agoTonic muscle contraction increases motor evoked potentials but decreases two key peaks of the transcranial evoked potentials, challenging the idea that cortical and corticospinal responses are two aspects of the same process.
2096h agoA directed connectome model reveals that brain circuitry follows similar yet distinct patterns across mouse, marmoset, rhesus macaque, and human, with the entorhinal-hippocampal projection being the most efficient pathway in all species.
2096h agoPlace and grid cells interact through reciprocal connections to integrate sensory cues, with place cells improving grid cells' coding accuracy and grid cells enhancing place cells' coding efficiency.
2096h agoThe prefrontal cortex plays a key role in regulating sleep, and local modulation of its activity can increase or decrease the amount of sleep.
2096h agoDendritic spine dysfunction contributes to neuropsychiatric disorders, and two distinct spine phenotypes are linked to schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, characterized by changes in spine volume.
2096h agoThe neural representation of visual perception and working memory uses partially distinct but also shared coding components in the brain.
2096h agoMotor-evoked activation in the spinal cord shows poor test-retest reliability, despite reliable task performance and fMRI signal quality, and increasing the number of task runs improves group-level activation but not individual reliability.
2096h agoEstrogen receptor alpha activation protects photoreceptors from degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa by reducing inflammation and disrupting a harmful signaling loop.
2096h agoThe pli-de-passage fronto-parietal moyen (PPfpm) is a near-universal cerebral fold in the adult human brain, consistently located at mid-height within the central sulcus and associated with the sensorimotor hand area.
2100h agoThe infant brain's visual system responds to visual stimulation at a 4Hz theta rhythm, which is different from the 10Hz alpha rhythm found in adults.
2100h agoThe cerebellum develops rapidly in early life, with its posterior areas growing faster than anterior areas, and its growth is coordinated with and supports the development of cognitive functions, including socio-linguistic behaviors.
2100h agoA shared neural code for complex finger movements exists across individuals, allowing for accurate classification of brain activity in areas responsible for motor control.
2100h agoOverexpressing the human alpha-synuclein gene in the brain of zebra finches reduces the firing rate of certain neurons, leading to changes in vocalizations similar to those seen in Parkinson's Disease.
2100h agoNeural activity in the visual and posterior parietal cortex reflects elapsed time since a previous event, not temporal predictions or prediction errors, and is coded in a distributed way by different types of neurons.
2100h agoCircadian disruption causes changes in locomotor activity, stress, and immunometabolic signalling, and is linked to increased inflammation, stress, and disrupted glucose metabolism in the brain.
2100h agoUsing Hibernate media to store human dorsal root ganglion tissue allows for similar neuronal yield, electrophysiological properties, and functional responses as freshly isolated tissue, overcoming logistical barriers to research.
2100h agoThe NeuronID toolkit accurately processes two-photon calcium imaging data by automatically correcting motion, reducing noise, and extracting neuronal signals.
2100h agoLarge language models can approximate human brain activity in sensory-motor tasks, and their internal states can be linearly mapped onto human neural activity.
2104h agoA novel flexible and implantable neural probe made from polyimide film and gold provides low impedance characteristics for acquiring local field potential signals, making it a promising biocompatible device for neural implantation.
2104h agoLITcoder, an open-source library, provides standardized tools for building and benchmarking neural encoding models that align stimuli with brain data and evaluate predictive performance.
2104h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
2104h agoA continuum model for directed cell migration, which combines random motility with non-local guidance cues, is implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to capture phenomena such as cell sorting and aggregation.
2104h agoIntermittent chaos emerges in an optical microresonator as it transitions from stable oscillation to chaotic motion, and can enhance system responses in nonlinear ultrasonic detection.
2104h agoA new type of self-assembled crystal made of vortex triplets emerges in an active-spinner fluid when activity overcomes dissipation.
2104h agoThe initial vorticity packing fraction determines the transport properties of decaying two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence, leading to distinct dynamics and transport behaviors.
2104h agoA deep learning emulator accurately models complex systems by generalising across a range of parameter values, enabling efficient exploration of parameter space and uncertainty quantification.
2104h agoThe Lorenz system has a novel class of dynamical invariants that depend on the system's history and remain constant along any trajectory.
2104h agoInvariant random matrix ensembles exhibit a specific large-n asymptotic behavior for a certain average, which is determined by solutions to the Painleve-XXXIV equation.
2104h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
2104h agoMatrix models are presented whose partition functions are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy, including new models associated with product of spheres with embedded graphs and their multi-matrix model generalizations.
2104h agoThe long-term nonequilibrium dynamics of q-state Potts models exhibit cyclic changes in homogeneous phases at low energies and coexisting wave modes at high energies, with some models showing additional dynamic modes and spiral wave patterns.
2104h agoA new random graph model inspired by assembly theory generates graphs with diverse properties, characterized by a broad range of summary statistics, and distinct properties enabled by historical contingencies during the generative process.
2104h agoThe information about time-dependent correlations in spin-glass systems is encoded in four-spin correlations of speckle patterns and can be measured using resonant magnetic x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.
2104h agoTrue complexity in materials emerges when their structures are neither perfectly crystalline nor randomly disordered, but instead have non-random patterns.
2104h agoMachine learning model accurately reconstructs a quantum system's Hamiltonian from a spatial map of the local density of states near a fixed energy.
2104h agoGauge theories can produce constrained models with faster-than-diffusive dynamics, where energy transport is superdiffusive and spin transport exhibits ballistic behavior.
2104h agoAn open quantum system can perform multiple vector-matrix multiplications with stochastic matrices in parallel, with the result presented as stationary energy flows, taking a time independent of input vector dimension.
2104h agoThe magnetoconductance of a clean interface between two Weyl semimetals remains linear with field strength even with interface disorder, but its slope changes at a certain field strength and is determined by different factors depending on the field strength.
2104h agoThe maximum pseudolikelihood estimator can jointly estimate temperature and external field parameters with a certain level of accuracy in spin glass models with competing ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic spin interactions.
2104h agoNeural networks trained in the infinite-width regime are described by kernel machines with data-dependent kernels.
2104h agoAmorphous Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ supports two-level systems due to low-energy modes in its electronic and phonon spectra.
2104h agoNorm-conserving spin models driven by temporally hyperuniform noise exhibit a sharp ergodicity-breaking transition in the absence of interactions, where dynamics freeze into configurations determined by the initial condition.
2104h agoPhotonic hardware mimicking biological neural networks offers a solution to the growing global energy demand of artificial intelligence, and an artificial nano-optoelectronic neuron has been developed with a circuit footprint reduced by at least a factor of 100, enabling low power consumption and biological functions.
2104h agoDifferent types of olfactory receptor neurons play distinct roles in shaping sleep patterns, and their effects on sleep are adjusted based on factors such as mating status and serotonin receptor expression.
2104h agoNMDA receptor kinetics control neuronal firing patterns and information processing, with rapid or slow deactivation rates producing distinct pathways to firing irregularity and influencing conditions for pathological long-term potentiation and neurological disorders.
2104h agoThe brain encodes tactile motion speed using both rate and temporal codes across different stages of the primary somatosensory cortex.
2104h agoA low-cost, open-source olfactometer system enables easy and affordable access to controlled odour delivery, allowing more labs to conduct olfactory research.
2104h agoGene expression and cell types differ between the left and right hemispheres of mice brains, particularly in the hippocampus and auditory cortex, which may relate to functional asymmetries for learning, memory, and hearing.
2104h agoDeleting EPO in mice does not impair cognitive functions, and instead, may even improve performance in challenging working memory tasks due to compensatory upregulation of EPOR and EphB4 receptors.
2104h agoMutation of the serine/threonine kinase32a (stk32a) gene results in increased sleep and impaired sleep homeostasis in both zebrafish and mice.
2104h agoMAVeRiC-AD, a new framework, improves the classification of Alzheimer's disease from brain images by using a combination of expert models and demographic data to provide more accurate and reliable results.
2104h agoThe P3 and P600 brain components are not directly affected by changes in norepinephrine activity, suggesting that their link to the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system may not be straightforward.
2104h agoA two-photon imaging method allows visualization of the development and organization of low-threshold mechanoreceptors in the mouse forepaw, enabling study of the cellular mechanisms that regulate their patterning and plasticity.
2104h agoRetinal aging is characterized by cell type- and species-specific changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility, with Muller glia playing a potential role in combating age-associated retinal dystrophies.
2104h agoCombining contextual logs with quality assurance and control improves the reliability of field-collected light exposure data from wearable devices.
2104h agoLocal infrared stimulation changes the properties of slow waves in the brain by shortening up-state durations, prolonging down-states, and increasing neuronal synchronization.
2104h agoPrenatal exposure to e-cigarette aerosol reduces the migration of GABA neurons, a critical process for brain development, by activating a specific receptor through nicotine.
2104h agoCholesterol ester levels increase with demyelination in the brain and spinal cord, and remain elevated in areas with limited remyelination, suggesting a link between cholesterol ester accumulation and demyelination.
2104h agoHumans lose access to the uncertainty of individual sensory modalities once their brains integrate multiple sensory inputs into a single perception.
2108h agoA scalp-based approach using Continuous Proportional Coordinate (CPC) system achieves comparable performance to neuronavigation in personalized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targeting.
2108h agoNMDA receptor signaling plays a crucial role in processing novel and deviant sounds in the brain, affecting neural responses and communication between auditory and posterior parietal cortices.
2108h agoNew Hybridization Chain Reaction detection methods combine high specificity with enzyme-based signal amplification, enabling robust spatial detection of short and low-abundance RNA targets in challenging tissue environments.
2108h agoSuvorexant, a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist, increases sleep and selectively changes maternal behavior in lactating rats by promoting nursing and reducing active maternal behavior.
2108h agoThe vertebrate retina likely evolved from a complex median photoreceptive organ that already contained both ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, which then lateralized and diversified into the retina and pineal/parapineal complex.
2108h agoCognitive noise causes people to distort probability judgments because it is repelled by the natural boundaries of probability, leading to inaccurate assessments of risk and likelihood.
2108h agoOptimal electrode configurations for cervical spinal cord stimulation to improve upper-limb motor recovery include positioning over the dorsal root entry zone, using rostro-caudal current flow, larger contacts, and cathodal stimulation.
2108h agoPyramidal neurons in the gustatory cortex undergo postnatal maturation, changing their intrinsic excitability and shifting the balance of excitation and inhibition towards inhibition as they reach young adult properties.
2108h agoNeurons in the middle temporal cortex represent multiple moving stimuli by leveraging spatial selectivity within their receptive fields, enabling individual components of the stimuli to be segregated and represented by a population of neurons.
2108h agoSpinal cord preganglionic neurons increase their excitability after spinal cord injury to compensate for reduced activity, which helps to limit low blood pressure but can also exaggerate reflex responses.
2108h agoThe hippocampus builds a combined map of space by combining separate brain maps for different senses, with the lateral entorhinal cortex mapping olfactory space and the medial entorhinal cortex mapping visual space.
2108h agoIschemia worsens memory and brain function in mice with a model of Alzheimer's disease, causing deficits that do not occur with ischemia alone.
2108h agoYEATS2 regulates dopaminergic synaptic integrity through an epigenetic-calcium axis that controls calcium levels and dopamine neuron survival.
2108h agoThe blood-brain barrier's integrity relies on a reciprocal control between tight junctions and cell-matrix adhesions in brain endothelial cells.
2108h agoA specific head position in an MRI scanner minimizes unwanted vestibular side effects caused by the scanner's magnetic field, reducing dizziness and neural activation in the brain.
2112h agoExtended cessation, a state of suspended consciousness, is marked by increased activity in sensory regions, decreased activity in areas related to self-awareness and emotion, and changes in brain connections that relate to heightened perceptual clarity and reduced mental suffering.
2116h agoA high-fat, high-sugar diet causes cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease mouse models by altering gene expression in glial cells and brain neurons, leading to changes in cell excitability.
2116h agoDendrites in certain neurons integrate synaptic inputs in a supralinear way, and this integration interacts with backpropagating action potentials to enhance synaptic plasticity.
2120h agoA population of hypothalamic neurons that produces the neuropeptides QRFP and Pth4 promotes sleep by acting through monoaminergic neurons in the hindbrain.
2120h agoDisrupted theta phase locking of inhibitory interneurons causes altered network function, leading to increased seizure susceptibility in epilepsy.
2120h agoThe nucleus accumbens, a key component of the brain's reward and motivation system, has a complex organization of diverse cell types and spatial domains that are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders.
2120h agoSex differences in human brain cortical volume arise from differences in surface area and cortical thickness, which are influenced by X-chromosome dosage and gonadal hormones.
2120h agoAbnormal activity in the CA2 region of the hippocampus contributes to impaired social behavior in Fragile X Syndrome by disrupting responses to social stimuli and oxytocin.
2120h agoAnimals use coordinated facial movements to interact with their environment, and a new tool called face-rhythm can track and interpret these movements, revealing a link between facial behaviors and neural activity patterns.
2120h agoPSEN2 gene variants increase seizure risk in Alzheimer's disease by regulating hippocampal kainate-type glutamate receptors, with PSEN2 knockout mice showing increased susceptibility to seizures, particularly in young mice.
2120h agoThe brain integrates sensory information and memory to produce sequences of movements, but switches to relying solely on memory when the sequence becomes predictable, and reverts back to integrating both when predictability is disrupted.
2120h agoManganese preferentially accumulates in the Golgi apparatus of brain cells, and astrocytes accumulate three times more manganese than neurons, which can lead to neurotoxicity.
2124h agoMuscle activity during a critical period of development helps regulate axon termination in motor neurons through a local retrograde signal that involves neuronal calcium dynamics and neuropeptide signaling.
2124h agoTarsi are primarily responsible for mediating mosquito takeoff responses to permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, and both tarsi and antennae detect permethrin through chemosensory receptors.
2124h agoA new model, Dual Local-Global Encoder (DLGE), enables classification across different brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigms without retraining, achieving average precision, recall, and F1-score of 60.16%, 59.88%, and 59.56% respectively.
2128h agoCollectives outperform individuals on some problems because they have more resources, such as sensory information, memory, and processing capacity, which enables them to use different problem-solving strategies.
2128h agoA novel co-simulation approach unifies micro- and macroscales to capture brain dynamics, suggesting that noise contributes to neural variability, not overall spiking activity, in Parkinson's disease.
2128h agoModern generative models can synthesize realistic EEG artifact segments that are suitable for augmentation and stress-testing, with WGAN-GP achieving closer alignment to real data than a denoising diffusion model.
2128h agoThe Spherical Brownian Bridge Diffusion Model forecasts individualized cortical thickness trajectories by integrating multi-modal data and using a new denoising model to achieve more accurate predictions.
2128h agoA novel deep learning model, ADHDeepNet, using electroencephalogram signals, achieves 100% sensitivity and 99.17% accuracy in diagnosing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
2128h agoThe NSD-synthetic dataset provides fMRI responses to synthetic images that are out-of-distribution with respect to natural scenes, enabling tests of model robustness and revealing differences between brain models.
2128h agoEfficient goal-directed learning relies on compressing complex goal information into a stable reward function.
2128h agoThe human psyche can be modeled as an operating system with a space of needs that determines life meanings and intelligence that makes decisions to satisfy those needs.
2128h agoThe choice of brain representation affects measurements of individual differences in brain scans, and feature type plays a crucial role when comparing results from different representations.
2128h agoThe dispersion of trajectories of stochastic processes in phase spaces is governed by covariance structure over time and intermittency affects how initial separations impact dispersion.
2128h agoA novel framework introduces paperfolding structures to analyze and visualize the geometric structure of horseshoes in high-dimensional chaotic dynamics, providing a method to classify topological features of chaotic sets.
2128h agoBoundaries shape patterning dynamics in confined systems by generating a sequence of size-controlled transitions that lead to exponential increase of patterning timescales.
2128h agoThe synchronization transition in adaptive networks of coupled Rossler systems depends on the interplay between microscopic dynamics and mesoscopic connectivity structure.
2128h agoCollectives outperform individuals on some problems because they have more resources, such as sensory information, memory, and processing capacity, which enables them to use different problem-solving strategies.
2128h agoA solvable many-body quantum model called boundary scrambling presents a unified understanding of quantum information dynamics, scrambling, and the behavior of out-of-time-order correlation functions.
2128h agoA method solves the Cauchy problem for the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a box-type initial condition by implementing the Inverse Scattering Transform numerically.
2128h agoTurbulence self-organizes into coherent structures through a process of synchronization among locally coupled oscillators, forming dense structures with quantized loop currents governed by topological constraints.
2128h agoA general analytical framework computes the equivalent resistance between arbitrary nodes in infinite resistor networks with line defects.
2128h agoThe Drift-Diffusion Network (DDNet) solves forward and inverse problems of semiconductor device modeling with low error by using physics-informed neural networks.
2128h agoThe study identifies three non-trivial fixed points in measurement-induced phase transitions in monitored free fermions, describing metallic, localized, and multifractal regimes with distinct entanglement properties.
2128h agoThe interplay between Anderson localization and Coulomb repulsion reveals connections to superconductivity and many-body localization in quantum systems, specifically in a tin monolayer on silicon, where a mobility edge between extended and localized states is identified and nonlinear sigma-models are found to be valid even in a strongly correlated 2D system.
2128h agoTraffic congestion follows simple contagion dynamics, with microscopic network flows leading to macroscopic epidemic-type behavior, such as Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible or Susceptible-Infected-Recovered processes.
2128h agoLeading vision language models excel at basic scientific tasks like equipment identification but struggle with spatial reasoning and multistep analysis, limiting their use in autonomous scientific discovery.
2132h agoPain experience varies between people and even within the same person depending on the context, and researchers developed a series of assays to objectively assess pressure pain across tasks with different demands.
2132h agoElevated EEG delta power in Angelman syndrome reflects increased periodic delta oscillations and aperiodic changes, which are linked to different behavioral domains and follow distinct developmental paths.
2132h agoSleep deprivation does not directly cause death, but it increases susceptibility to traumatic brain injury by making the brain more excitable.
2136h agoFixational eye movements affect the information available in the early visual system by changing the way the visual stimulus and response interact.
2136h agoGrid cells track animal movement in multiple local reference frames and reanchor to task-relevant objects to estimate local position during a self-motion-based task.
2144h agoTeneurin 4 helps neurons migrate to form functional layers by switching between interactions with itself and with Latrophilins to either attach to or detach from radial glial cells.
2144h agoThe degeneration of dopaminergic projections to the striatum in Parkinson's disease involves substantial transcriptomic changes in both neuronal and glial populations, with some cell types showing more resilience to dopamine depletion than others.
2144h agoAlpha band oscillations in the brain are generated in superficial and deep layers, suggesting top-down processes, according to a study that used non-invasive techniques to investigate the origins of electrophysiological signals in humans.
2144h agoThe ventrolateral division of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus uses multiple neural plasticity mechanisms, including immediate early gene and NMDA receptor-dependent mechanisms, to adapt social behavior after experiencing social defeat.
2144h agoThe brain retrieves memories by balancing sensory information from contextual cues with learned statistical patterns of past experiences to decide which memory to recall.
2144h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex controls claustrum activity through a mechanism that switches from excitation to inhibition as mice mature from neonates to adults.
2144h agoLearning concept regularities and exceptions is distinctly supported by hippocampal pathways, with the monosynaptic pathway involved in encoding regularities early in learning and the trisynaptic pathway involved in encoding exceptions late in learning.
2144h agoInter-individual variability of neurotransmitter receptor density across brain regions and systems is quantified, providing a means to assess the generalizability of receptor density measurements.
2144h agoUniversity students judge natural enhancers as most acceptable, followed by brain stimulation and then pharmacological agents, with their moral acceptability influenced more by intuitive moral reasoning than by legality or objective safety.
2144h agoOlder adults shift their gaze earlier to their own paddle before intercepting a moving ball, but look later than younger adults to the ball's future location.
2144h agoOtp transcription factor plays a key role in regulating stress responses and energy balance in adulthood by controlling the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides.
2144h agoNociceptors use both glutamate and neuropeptide signaling to transmit pain information to the brain, and blocking both is needed to profoundly reduce pain responses.
2144h agoHead motion during brain imaging scans disproportionately excludes certain racial and ethnic groups, especially at younger ages, and differences in participant retention also persist over time.
2148h agoAmerican ginseng extract G1899 improves cognitive function, reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms, and protects neurons by modulating microglial activity and clearing amyloid beta.
2148h agoThe parietal cortex is the core area for processing ground-tilt information, and neurons across the dorsal cortex preserve tilt-direction information in a universal format that is shared across different motion conditions.
2148h agoThe composition of neurons in the brain critically affects the ability of a hormone-like substance to stop abnormal electrical activity associated with childhood absence epilepsy.
2148h agoHigher physical activity is associated with better cognitive function and preserved brain structure in people aged 60 and older.
2152h agoThe classification performance of Spiking Neural Networks depends on the interaction between the neuron model, network size, and learning rule, with certain configurations remaining robust to weak or noisy signals.
2152h agoA dual-resolution framework defines the conditions for consciousness by combining the Information Theory of Individuality and the Moment-to-Moment theory, offering a generalizable theory that positions AI as a testbed for its emergence.
2152h agoThe human psyche can be modeled as an operating system that uses a space of needs to determine life meanings and intelligence to make decisions to satisfy those needs.
2152h agoNormative modelling estimates population-level benchmarks in brain structure, enabling the quantification of individual deviations from expected distributions and offering a powerful alternative to traditional case-control studies.
2152h agoExtrema-Segmented Entropy (ExSEnt) quantifies time-series complexity by separating temporal from amplitude contributions, allowing for the identification of whether overall irregularity is driven by timing, amplitude, or their coupling.
2152h agoHandwriting signals can effectively distinguish between neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and healthy controls, by measuring stability, writing speed, and pressure variations.
2152h agoComplex-plane singularities play a crucial role in early-time solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation on the real line, determining the amplitude, wavelength, and speed of dispersive waves.
2152h agoThe study derives analytical formulae for statistical properties of infinite-modal maps to predict extreme events in nonlinear dynamical systems.
2152h agoExtrema-Segmented Entropy (ExSEnt) quantifies time-series complexity by separating temporal from amplitude contributions, allowing for the identification of whether overall irregularity is driven by timing, amplitude, or their coupling.
2152h agoHigher-order interactions can induce tipping cascades in systems, even when pairwise interactions do not, and can also change the route to cascades and suppress them under certain conditions.
2152h agoA hybrid model combining opinion dynamics and technology adoption on complex networks reveals that opinion formation follows irreversible transitions from opponents to supporters, with charismatic competitors affecting conversion back to old technologies.
2152h agoThe GRASPion, a compact and open-source bristlebot, combines ease of use, programmability, and mechanical versatility to study active matter systems.
2152h agoThe greedy optimization algorithm detects and characterizes differences in information flow and time scales for energy transfer between wavenumbers in a weakly turbulent system.
2152h agoLimit cycles and strange attractors emerge in species-rich mathematical models of ecosystems when variability of interspecies interaction increases, preserving biodiversity by maintaining dynamical stability without species extinction.
2152h agoThe study presents theory and simulation results for 3D vector cylindrical electromagnetic wave propagation in an isotropic nonlinear medium using a modified finite-difference time-domain method.
2152h agoThe Frobenius manifold structure on rational functions with multiple simple poles is constructed and studied through its dependence on flat coordinates and diagonal invariants.
2152h agoThe solution for a passive scalar in decaying homogeneous turbulence develops a sequence of concentric spherical shells with a quantized, piecewise-parabolic radial profile of temperature.
2152h agoInterference effects cause a transient backscattering peak offset from the exact backscattering direction in the dynamics of a spin1/2 particle propagating in a disordered potential with spin-orbit coupling.
2152h agoFluctuating pairwise interactions drive fluid-like states in dense biological systems by controlling the glass transition through their strength and persistence time.
2152h agoQuantum reservoir computing can be implemented through quantum transport in mesoscopic electronic systems, enabling efficient computation with several advantages including compatibility with existing device fabrication techniques and robustness against measurement back-action.
2152h agoNetworks grow through the extension and intersection of lines, leading to a core-and-branches architecture, when lines are added sequentially to maximize local coverage under geometric constraints.
2152h agoGutzwiller projected hidden fermion determinant states achieve competitive energies with matrix product states for simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model using fewer parameters, enabling efficient simulation of large-scale fermionic systems.
2152h agoThe limit free energy of spin glass models is determined by a characteristic of an associated infinite-dimensional non-convex Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which has a unique viscosity solution that can be represented as an average of values along characteristic lines weighted by a probability measure.
2152h agoLocalized surface plasmons can confine light to a tiny volume, but their responses are often inconsistent due to noise from imperfections, however, a new deep-learning method called SPARX can quickly and accurately predict the optical properties of nanoparticles.
2152h agoExcessive wealth concentration undermines economic and social development, and a new model shows that networked interactions lead to local wealth condensation, differing from the global wealth concentration seen in fully connected systems.
2152h agoDropout reduces detrimental correlations between hidden nodes and mitigates the impact of label noise, with the optimal dropout probability increasing with the level of noise in the data.
2152h agoLarge language models can help study collective cognition by addressing its complexity and may also raise risks that require new methods.
2160h agoA machine learning model called SurFF enables fast and accurate predictions of surface energies and morphologies in intermetallic catalysts, achieving over 10^5-fold acceleration for materials screening.
2160h agoSplicing alterations caused by the dysfunction of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 are common in Parkinson's disease and linked to changes in genes that contribute to the disease.
2160h agoThe protein ORF1p regulates gene expression and neuronal physiology in adult neurons by interacting with specific proteins and chromatin.
2160h agoMiR-34a knockout improves long-term memory in Alzheimer's disease mice by inhibiting microglia transition to a state that modulates synaptic and cognitive functions.
2160h agoDNA damage likely causes increased levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease, by showing that as DNA damage rises with age, APP levels also increase.
2160h agoS-nitrosylation of STING cysteine148 mediates aberrant immune responses and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease through the formation of disulfide-bonded STING oligomers.
2160h agoAxo-axonic synapses connect only 1.0% of descending neuron pairs, but when present, their strength grows with the number of partners, and specific neurons play a key role in modulating escape control.
2164h agoDifferent neuronal populations in the mouse brain have distinct lipid profiles, and sex-based differences in these profiles are present in certain neuronal populations.
2164h agoReaction times reflect changes in brain state as task difficulty evolves during a simultaneity judgment task, particularly near the temporal binding window where stimuli are perceived as simultaneous.
2164h agoA specific ion channel helps a single neuron in grasshoppers detect and respond to approaching threats by shaping its selectivity for visual stimuli.
2164h agoIslets in the pancreas have a specialized connection with sympathetic nerves that helps control blood glucose levels, and they produce proteins that help maintain and repair this connection.
2164h agoThe downregulation of miR-146a in diseased motor neurons contributes to motor neuron degeneration, and deleting this microRNA extends survival in mice with a model of ALS.
2164h agoThe inclusion of exon4a in the tau protein introduces a highly acidic and hydrophilic module that counterbalances the aggregation-prone domains of the protein.
2164h agoTreatment with NLX-112 improves motor function in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia3, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive motor disturbances.
2164h agoAlzheimer's disease increases the risk of cardiac damage after a heart attack, which may raise the risk of cardiovascular death.
2164h agoBassoon, a scaffolding protein, has a specific orientation at the active zone of presynaptic nerve terminals, with its C-terminal region directed toward the synaptic cleft and its N-terminal region toward synaptic vesicles.
2164h agoPathway-specific delays in biological motor circuits generate history-dependent oscillations and short-lived transients that are attenuated as a control parameter approaches a critical band, enabling new methods for stage inference and adaptive neuromodulation.
2164h agoAPOE4 causes increased TGF-beta signaling in brain tissue, which leads to a transition of pericytes to myofibroblasts, resulting in vascular fibrosis and amyloid deposition.
2164h agoLearning from social feedback changes innate courtship behaviors in male flies, allowing for investigation into the neural and molecular basis of social plasticity.
2164h agoFluctuations in the decision criterion shape confidence in human decision-making, with trial-by-trial changes in the criterion state affecting confidence ratings.
2164h agoThe physiological arousal response and motor control strategy of gait adapt together during repeated exposure to split-belt walking, with the greatest adaptation occurring during the first exposure.
2164h agoHumans' ability to generate force is limited by their ability to produce stiffness, and limb configuration has a minimal effect on this force generation.
2164h agoNovice Vipassana meditators have different brain activity patterns and faster object recognition than non-meditators, according to an analysis of EEG data using four biomarkers.
2164h agoThe C1 component of the human visual evoked potential predicts perceptual decisions for a short range of response times, independently of physical stimulus conditions.
2164h agoThe human cerebellum has unique features that distinguish it from non-human primates, including a human-specific role of the protein ZP2 in regulating synapses.
2168h agoEarly life stress maintains high densities of certain interneurons in the auditory cortex, disrupting normal developmental decreases and potentially contributing to deficits in auditory processing.
2168h agoA new cross-species hierarchical atlas enables consistent anatomical comparison of brain structure across different species, including rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans.
2168h agoImplicit motor adaptation emerges rapidly, even after a single exposure to small perturbations, and is greater when task error is present than when only sensory prediction error is available.
2168h agoEarly life stress changes glutamate release and function in the prefrontal cortex during fear conditioning in a sex- and age-dependent way.
2172h agoEthanol exposure during a critical period of development increases the frequency of inhibitory signals in Golgi cells, disrupting cerebellar circuit maturation.
2172h agoChronic stress causes axonal degeneration by activating a neuron-glia communication axis in which neuronal immune signaling instructs glial phagocytosis.
2172h agoDifferences in susceptibility to stress and disease between commonly used control flies affect the outcome of Drosophila models for studying human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.
2172h agoThe Prenatal Human Connectome Patterns dataset provides high-resolution imaging data on human fetal brain development from 18 to 31 weeks of gestation.
2172h agoA physics-transfer learning framework uses simple geometry physics to analyze complex brain morphology, providing insights into brain development and diseases.
2176h agoA new 3D musculoskeletal model of Drosophila legs is introduced, enabling investigation of motor control and providing insights into how biomechanics contribute to generation of complex limb movements.
2176h agoEfficient goal-directed learning relies on compressing complex goal information into a stable reward function.
2176h agoAbnormal interactions between brain regions responsible for perception can generate visual hallucinations through disturbances in the visual system, particularly in the ventral stream.
2176h agoA Python repository benchmarks and standardizes similarity measures, providing a tool to compare across studies by uniquely specifying and efficiently implementing these measures.
2176h agoMother-child interaction involves dynamic changes in inter-brain synchrony at theta and alpha rhythms, which alternate with interactive behaviors and are linked to the mother's attempts to track and engage with her child.
2176h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate in sensory systems by using pairwise correlations and single-bin entropies, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions to provide accurate results.
2176h agoThe brain's functional network develops from a locally modular organization in childhood to a highly segregated and specialized network system in adulthood, enabling a balance between internal and external cognitive processes.
2176h agoA novel computational framework called SynaptoGen enables the creation of biological agents with pre-wired neural circuits by linking genetic factors to synaptic connections.
2176h agoElectrical coupling of nonchaotic Rulkov neurons leads to rich dynamics, including chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and synchronized hyperchaos, with high-dimensional chaotic attractors occupying up to 45 dimensions of state space.
2176h agoStructured state-space models predominantly preserve the initially presented data in memory, rather than more recent inputs, showing a memory bias known as the primacy effect.
2176h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
2176h agoBosonic star networks are superintegrable, and their energy eigenvalues can be expressed using two forms of Bethe Ansatz solution.
2176h agoThe open-source Python solver accurately reproduces key phenomena of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, including soliton collisions and modulation instability, and provides a valuable tool for exploring nonlinear wave dynamics.
2176h agoThe locomotion of C. elegans nematodes is hyperchaotic and dissipative, with a Lyapunov spectrum characterized by two positive and one negative exponents.
2176h agoA physics-transfer learning framework uses simple geometry physics to analyze complex brain morphology, providing insights into brain development and diseases.
2176h agoThe Recursive Hierarchical Network (RHN) framework reveals that evolution of complex systems follows an irreversible progression from structure-dominated to regulation-dominated to intelligence-dominated stages.
2176h agoA technique using a one-dimensional optical lattice efficiently removes vortices from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate by creating narrow channels that separate the vortex core from its phase singularity.
2176h agoAsymmetric spectral losses can trigger sideband amplification in passive hybrid optical resonators, leading to optical frequency combs with tunable repetition rate.
2176h agoLarge Language Models' opinions tend to converge to a shared view when interacting, but are influenced by biases from training data, favoring agreement and initial opinions.
2176h agoElectrical coupling of nonchaotic Rulkov neurons leads to rich dynamics, including chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and synchronized hyperchaos, with high-dimensional chaotic attractors occupying up to 45 dimensions of state space.
2176h agoYang-Baxter maps and the independence preserving property are preserved when transformed through ultra-discretization, a method used to explore connections between integrable systems.
2176h agoThe alpha-Gauss-Logistic map exhibits a rich range of behaviors, including multiple period-doubling cascades to chaos, abrupt onset of chaos, and regular behavior, depending on the parameters r and alpha.
2176h agoA classical integrable system exhibits tsunami-like solitons on a rocky-desert-like disordered stationary background, which can be described by a Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian in a parity-mixed superconductor.
2176h agoA graph neural network model accurately distinguishes between different states of a linear dynamical system on networks.
2176h agoSynchronization of two remote agents' clocks is practically attainable beyond the conventional noise-induced synchronization regime through exposure to strong environmental noise.
2176h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes operates through a parallelized message-passing framework, allowing it to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
2176h agoErgodic dynamics can be used to prepare quantum states with higher entanglement than generated by maximally scrambling dynamics, which is a useful resource for tasks such as quantum teleportation.
2176h agoCoordinated self-organisation in granular systems emerges when a small subset of configurations are more stable than the rest and survive longer despite noise.
2176h agoPhysical systems can store information in many distinct ways, and local non-equilibrium dynamics can retain information about their initial conditions for long time scales even with perturbations.
2176h agoThe dominant vertices in a Boolean network determine the network's dynamics, and a reduced graph of these vertices creates a simpler system with the same attractor structure as the original network.
2176h agoNon-Hermitian systems with non-reciprocal hopping display a non-Hermitian skin effect where states localize exponentially at one edge under open boundary conditions.
2176h agoThe incommensurate energy band theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding localized states in quasiperiodic lattices, representing their energy spectrum as localized state energy bands that characterize all properties of the localized states.
2176h agoThe driven dynamics of the localization phase transition in the Aubry-André model starting from an extended state follows the Kibble-Zurek mechanism and its extension, finite-time scaling, with derived scaling functions that differ from those for initially localized states.
2176h agoA new variation of the exponential Hopfield model has unprecedented storage capacity and preserves its exceptional storage capabilities even under robustness constraints.
2176h agoHyperuniform structures have suppressed density fluctuations at large scales, and their topological features correlate with their hyperuniform characteristics.
2176h agoNew analytical bounds on ground state energies for multipartite p-spin models are produced that can compute lower and upper energy limits for any spin sets.
2176h agoPersistent charge and spin currents exist in a ferromagnetic Hatano-Nelson ring with anti-Hermitian intradimer hopping, and disorder can amplify spin currents.
2176h agoGlasses soften due to intermittent structural relaxation events, or "avalanches," induced by thermal fluctuations, and these events are characterized by changes in structural, mechanical, dynamical, topological, and vibrational properties.
2176h agoQuantum dissipation enhances localization in the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model, allowing the system to retain memory of its initial state more robustly than under unitary dynamics.
2176h agoAn artificial nano-optoelectronic neuron with a much smaller circuit footprint and low power consumption mimics biological neural networks, enabling photonic neuromorphic computing and adaptive optical sensing.
2176h agoImpulsively driven low-frequency phonons enhance long-range electronic correlations in a low-dimensional metal, enabling buildup of coherence and enhancement of charge orders.
2176h agoGlasses have complex energy landscapes that lead to non-equilibrium aging dynamics, and a new model predicts that weak ergodicity breaking occurs before strong ergodicity breaking when cooling, and also identifies a static length that characterizes the aging behavior.
2176h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a huge number of materials, where ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency, and the law's parameters have a unique relationship with each other.
2176h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate in sensory systems by using pairwise correlations and single-bin entropies, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions to provide accurate results.
2176h agoCollectives process information better by sharing complementary knowledge, allowing groups to track changing environments more effectively than individuals.
2176h agoWealth concentration leads to economic and social problems, and a new model shows that networked interactions among agents result in local wealth condensation, rather than global wealth concentration.
2176h agoCaMKIV phosphorylates REST, which decreases its repressor activity on neural genes and leads to its degradation, thereby regulating intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission in neurons.
2180h agoTraumatic brain injury leads to widespread reprogramming of lipid metabolism in microglial and monocyte populations, causing lipid accumulation, lysosomal dysfunction, and inhibition of autophagy.
2180h agoThe human brain uses motion signals, especially local foot motions and kinematic features, to detect animacy from biological motion, and this ability is shared across species.
2180h agoFunctional connectivity in the brain is closely related to local patterns within underlying blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals, and this relationship is clinically relevant.
2184h agoThe brain encodes information through complex interactions between different areas, with neurons tuned to specific features distributed across the cortex and shaped by spatial competition between representational systems.
2184h agoIn-memory computing architecture can implement large language models with improved computational efficiency in time and energy while maintaining high accuracy.
2188h agoResearchers in Brazil, India, and Africa are using clever tricks to remix large language models to bring AI to billions of users.
2188h agoLarge language models can assist urban planning by bringing new opportunities to the design of cities.
2188h agoUsing in-memory computing with emerging gain-cell devices accelerates attention in large language models, achieving a 70,000-fold reduction in energy consumption and a 100-fold speed-up.
2188h agoMosquito ears convert inaudible high-frequency sounds into audible lower-frequency sounds through a process of distortion, allowing males to detect female flight tones in noisy environments.
2188h agoTauopathy actively contributes to synaptic degeneration in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis by causing mitochondrial damage and synapse disintegration through a mechanism involving Dendritic Syntaphilin Intrusion.
2188h agoThe Neuroscience Experimental Runtime by Vanderbilt (NERV) unifies experiment design, execution, and data logging, enabling millisecond precision and rapid, no-code prototyping for behavioral neuroscience experiments.
2188h agoImmersive dreaming helps sustain perceived sleep depth as sleep pressure decreases, and perceived sleep depth is more closely linked to the presence of immersive conscious experiences than to reduced cortical activation.
2188h agoThe SENSE-42 dataset provides a collection of physiological, behavioral, and subjective data on computer users' neurocognitive states, specifically their tonic alertness, during simulated desktop interactions.
2188h agoThe own name triggers a self-preferential effect in the brain, characterized by enhanced neural responses, and can be measured using a new EEG frequency-tagging task.
2188h agoReading and speech recognition processing follow a hierarchical organization, with separate pathways for visual and auditory information that converge in higher-order language areas.
2192h agoAstrocytes and neurons respond differently to lysosomal damage, with astrocytes activating more repair pathways to manage damage.
2192h agoA transient imbalance between excitation and inhibition during development permanently reprograms social brain circuits, leading to lifelong impairments in sociability and autism-like symptoms.
2192h agoStress disrupts the normal communication between neurons and astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex, leading to maladaptive stress responses that may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders.
2192h agoThe primary motor cortex uses multiple distinct computations and high-dimensional activity to flexibly control skilled movement by combining different subskills.
2192h agodI3 neurons help maintain motor tone after spinal cord injury and their stimulation combined with a serotonergic agonist improves locomotor function.
2196h agoThe mu-opioids and other medial habenula activators slow down respiration during slow wave sleep and anesthesia by activating the MHb-IPN circuit, which plays a key role in loss of awareness, anesthesia, memory replay, and opioids induced respiratory depression.
2200h agoNeurodegenerative diseases involve interconnected processes between neuronal activity and biological mechanisms of disease, and integrated frameworks that capture these feedback loops are needed to understand and address the diseases.
2200h agoResearchers propose a framework for designing virtual environments to train and study biological neural networks, called neural organoids, to understand learning mechanisms and intelligence.
2200h agoAsymmetric deep recurrent neural networks with sparse excitatory couplings have an exponentially large, dense accessible manifold of internal representations that can be found by simple iterative dynamics.
2200h agoSynaptic plasticity driven by neural activity follows a stochastic process that can be described by a probabilistic framework, which helps determine the dynamics of learning and memory.
2200h agoNet2Brain, a new toolbox, allows comparison of the representational spaces of artificial deep neural networks and human brain recordings, enabling extraction of activations from over 600 neural networks and analysis of their similarity to brain recordings.
2200h agoNeural networks can learn in two different ways, using either incremental weight updates or flexible in-context learning, which together capture a wide range of human learning phenomena.
2200h agoThe brain represents expected uncertainty distributions through "higher-order" representations, which are used to learn about its own noise and are formed through noisy estimation processes that incorporate prior expectations.
2200h agoA non-integrable discrete lattice model exhibits dispersive shock waves and rarefaction waves, which are captured by proposed quasi-continuum models that provide insights into edge features and self-similar solutions.
2200h agoThe Degasperis-Procesi equation and the Novikov equation have intrinsic connections, including a bijective relationship between their pure peakon trajectories and a one-to-one correspondence between their discrete cubic and dual cubic boundary value problems.
2200h agoActive individuals spontaneously self-assemble into a near-critical state, whether in aligned flocks or non-aligned swarms, with emerging velocity fluctuations that are correlated and scale-invariant.
2200h agoSpatial organization can increase the abiotic formation of complex molecules, potentially leading to false positives in life detection approaches based on assembly theory.
2200h agoIntegrating upstream and downstream reciprocity yields a stable mix of unconditional defectors and integrated reciprocators, allowing cooperation to persist in large groups when the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds a threshold.
2200h agoCollisions between ferrodark solitons and anti-ferrodark solitons in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates result in annihilation and formation of a long-lived dissipative breather, or reflection, depending on the type of soliton pair and their velocity.
2200h agoThe Fredkin spin chain lacks local conserved charges, making it a nonintegrable model, and this nonintegrability persists even when some of its Hamiltonian terms are removed.
2200h agoThe $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model and its deformations have a geometric perspective that relates their physical properties to surface geometry.
2200h agoThe concept of gauged Lagrangian 1-forms is introduced, extending Lagrangian 1-forms to gauge theories and yielding a multiform version of the 3d mixed BF action with type A and B defects.
2200h agoThe Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) could transition to a weak state as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase, leading to a boundary crisis where the current AMOC attractor disappears.
2200h agoThe Behavioural Swarms framework provides a comprehensive model of collective behaviour, where each particle's adaptive decision-making and heterogeneous behavioural states co-evolve through nonlocal interactions to produce emergent macroscopic patterns.
2200h agoBethe wavefunctions can be represented as exact and analytical tensor networks with a finite bond dimension, and can also be prepared by adaptive quantum circuits of a certain depth.
2200h agoSelf-propelled agents on a thin viscous film form large-scale density waves that propagate due to Marangoni flow and local aligning interactions, and their behavior changes with increasing Marangoni parameter, eventually leading to disappearance.
2200h agoLocal frozen-in stresses in glasses lead to a low-temperature specific heat with a temperature exponent between one and two through the hybridization of local nonphononic vibrational excitations with waves.
2200h agoThe low-frequency regime of non-phononic vibrational density of states in glasses depends on technical aspects of molecular dynamics simulations, and a class of quasi-localized defect states induced by frozen-in stresses exists.
2200h agoAsymmetric deep recurrent neural networks with sparse excitatory couplings have an exponentially large, dense accessible manifold of internal representations that can be found by simple iterative dynamics.
2200h agoStrain fields in graphene modulate its thermoelectric transport coefficients, affecting its performance in nanoelectronic and energy-harvesting devices.
2200h agoNonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in random networks, with structured networks having different degree and percolation measures than unstructured ones.
2200h agoGlasses have complex energy landscapes that lead to non-equilibrium aging dynamics, and a new model predicts that weak ergodicity breaking occurs before strong ergodicity breaking when cooling, and identifies a relationship between activation clusters and time-correlation function decay.
2200h agoAn analytic approach provides highly accurate results for the steady-state dynamics of Markov processes on locally tree-like graphs by using time-translation invariant probability distributions for edge trajectories.
2200h agoQuantum fluctuations inherently enhance positional uncertainty at zero temperature, and the interplay between quantum and thermal fluctuations leads to a non-monotonic dependence of positional uncertainty on temperature in a nonlinear potential.
2200h agoSynaptic plasticity driven by neural activity follows a stochastic process that can be described by a probabilistic framework, which helps determine the dynamics of learning and memory.
2200h agoThe brain's criticality can be hidden from traditional data analysis methods, leading to incorrect conclusions that it is not operating near criticality.
2200h agoThe ABCA7 deletion disrupts lipid regulation, causing lipid droplet accumulation, despite normal localization, and may increase Alzheimer's disease risk.
2204h agoPARP1 activation drives amyloid-beta pathology and neurodegeneration by increasing amyloid plaque burden, causing DNA damage, and promoting neuroinflammation.
2204h agoTransposable elements are highly expressed in specific brain cells and regions in Parkinson's disease and this expression correlates with neuroinflammation.
2204h agoMitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress drive early neuronal degeneration in dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), and targeting this process with phenylbutyrate improves neuronal survival.
2208h agoThe GNAO1 E246K mutation disrupts the Go regulatory GTPase cycle by impairing G{beta}{gamma} dissociation, leading to dominant-negative effects on the GTPase regulatory cycle and severe neurogenetic phenotype.
2208h agoDifferent tool features influence motor memories, and distinct modes of tool operation play a critical role in forming and retaining separate internal models during sensorimotor adaptation.
2208h agoInsect larvae, like humans, learn about the relative values of rewards and punishments, rather than their absolute values, when making decisions based on past experiences.
2208h agoLinear unmixing Forster resonance energy transfer (lux-FRET) imaging strategy helps investigate protein-protein interactions and receptor-mediated signaling in live cells with high resolution.
2208h agoStem cell therapy substitutes degenerated motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by using genetically edited stem cells that can differentiate into motor neurons, integrate into host neural circuits, and improve motor function in large animal models.
2208h agoThe local environment drives microglia aging, with region-specific changes caused by signals from neighboring cells, not the cells' own internal programming.
2212h agoErucamide, a fatty acid amide, plays a central role in degenerating retinal tissues and its delivery can stabilize retinal degeneration by activating immune cells and promoting the production of growth factors.
2212h agoIschemic stroke increases the levels of one-carbon metabolism enzymes in brain tissue, with differences observed between males and females.
2212h agoAbnormal brain cell development can trigger inflammation, leading to brain cell death and progressive brain degeneration.
2212h agoMaternal exposure to a commercial mixture of PBDEs causes behavioral and neurochemical deficits in male offspring that resemble core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.
2212h agoEnhancing neural plasticity does not help and may even worsen vision loss in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.
2212h agoThe Proximity Prediction Hypothesis explains that Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) works by using near-field acoustic cues to predict gentle touch on the scalp and neck, which reduces anxiety and improves sleep.
2212h agoObesity causes social recognition memory deficits in mice by making neurons in the hippocampal area CA2 overactive, which disrupts oxytocin signaling and impairs social memory.
2212h agoThe miR-141/200c cluster is regulated by a refined strategy to generate global and tissue-specific knockouts, eliminating residual sequences and allowing for reliable study of its role in disease models.
2212h agoWhite matter bundles can be reliably extracted from lower angular resolution, single-shelled diffusion MRI scans, allowing for broader clinical applications and population-level generalizability.
2212h agoThe sensitisation of DRG neurons to pain is driven by changes in the axonal transcriptome, including the upregulation of Tnfrsf12a (Fn14), a cytokine receptor that, when knocked down, reduces neuronal excitability.
2212h agoHealthy aging impairs activity-dependent synaptic remodeling in frontal cortical circuits, leading to reduced cognitive flexibility, without affecting steady-state spine architecture.
2212h agoMonocular visual disruption alters the speed of impulse transmission from the eye, which induces changes in the brain's binocular neurons and myelin, leading to ocular dominance plasticity.
2212h agoReplacing interstitial material with air enhances X-ray phase contrast of ultrastructural features in brain tissue, allowing for stronger phase-shift signals and improved imaging.
2212h agoIncreased SC-FC coupling in specific brain areas, such as the left precentral sulcus, right middle temporal gyrus, and left anterior insula, distinguishes typical, atypical, and non-lateralised language processing in individuals.
2216h agoWhite matter microstructure is associated with cognitive performance in individuals with different language lateralisation, particularly in those with atypical language dominance.
2216h agoThe brain encodes visual, semantic, semantic, and memorability attributes in a distributed way that integrates multiple interactions from the networks across the ventral temporal, temporal, and the prefrontal cortex to shape perception during recognition and object.
2216h agoThe cerebellum supports reinforcement learning by processing reward and prediction error signals in specific cognitive regions, and this processing is sensitive to delays in feedback.
2216h agoPhosphorylation of Rab7 by the kinase TBK1 ensures the unidirectional transport of pro-survival signalling endosomes from the axon to the soma in neurons.
2220h agoRipple oscillations in the brain promote integrative processing by increasing communication between different brain regions, which supports working memory and helps to recall stored information.
2220h agoDRP1 regulates neuroinflammation by acting as a transcription factor that activates inflammatory cytokines through the NF-kappaB-lipocalin2 axis.
2232h agoPerilipin2 regulates microglial lipid storage and metabolic state, and its loss alleviates lipid accumulation, improves phagocytic function, and alters amyloid beta-induced metabolic reprogramming.
2236h agoInhibitory circuits play a dominant role in sustaining gamma rhythms in the medial entorhinal cortex, and the strength of excitatory input determines the frequency of these oscillations.
2240h agoIndividuals with faster alpha brain rhythms can better segregate visual targets from distractors, but this effect depends on the spatial arrangement of the distractors.
2240h agoSensory compression, the functional compression of high-dimensional sensory information into a low-dimensional representation, enables the brain to support both motor habits and internal timing.
2240h agoMusical training boosts reading and phonological awareness in young readers by improving how their brains process speech and enhancing phonological awareness.
2240h agoNeural population dynamics in the motor cortex exhibit a compositional structure that enables posture-dependent control of reaching movements.
2240h agoNeuronal activity influences multiple stages of RNA metabolism, and RNA stability emerges as a key regulator of gene expression, affecting the abundance of hundreds of transcripts.
2240h agoThe brain's complexity makes it hard to model in cellular systems, but a calcium oscillation assay helps; it shows defined neuron-to-astrocyte ratios affect network firing patterns, and adding inhibitory neurons increases spike frequency.
2240h agoThe dentate gyrus cell types, granule cells and mossy cells, support hippocampal memory formation in context-dependent ways, with mossy cells promoting map stabilization and granule cells promoting flexibility.
2244h agoThe flow of brain activity follows specific, consistent patterns across individuals, which are flexibly combined to support different brain states and functions.
2244h agoSequential working memory is maintained through structured geometric organization in low-dimensional representational space, not through the sequential reactivation of individual items.
2244h agoWNK1 kinase directly controls the stability and positioning of inhibitory GABAA receptors at synapses, regulating GABAergic transmission and neuronal activity.
2244h agoThe subcortical pathway from the pulvinar to the amygdala exists in adolescents and greater connectivity in this pathway is associated with faster visual processing.
2244h agoThe maturity of certain brain networks, particularly the default mode and hippocampal networks, is associated with environmental factors such as adversity, parental education, and social-cognitive abilities, and these effects differ between females and males.
2244h agoLayer 5 extratelencephalic neurons in the auditory cortex develop categorical responses to sensory inputs during learning, allowing the brain to transform diverse sensory inputs into discrete representations that support flexible behavior.
2244h agoA sufficient number of granule cells are required for both motor coordination and motor learning, while a smaller number of Purkinje cells are sufficient for these functions.
2244h agoChronic alcohol use increases CACNA1C expression in the hippocampus across species, and a CACNA1C antagonist reduces ethanol-induced contextual memories.
2244h agoNeurons in the medullary raphe pallidus (RPa) that express vesicular glutamate transporter type3 (vGluT3) coordinate sympathetic and somatic motor outputs to increase body temperature.
2244h agoDopamine modulation plays a key role in brain activity and behavior, and a new mathematical framework can capture network activity in different regimes and transitions by incorporating the effects of dopamine.
2252h agoLithium limits AD pathology.
2256h agoA new neural interface helps people control devices with their minds.
2256h agoVagus block prevents cachexia.
2256h agoNew mothers develop a selective preference for the smell of their infants' urine, which helps guide maternal behaviors and is driven by specific volatile compounds and both olfactory and chemosensory inputs.
2256h agoThe striatum's two compartments, striosome and matrix, have distinct roles in motor and cognitive functions, with striosome-like voxels active during cue anticipation and matrix-like voxels active during motor execution.
2256h agoA new model captures neural computations behind visuomotor adaptation behaviors, which include nonlinear saturation effects and distinct explicit and implicit components.
2256h agoCanonical Representational Mapping (CRM) identifies neural patterns aligned with specific cognitive hypotheses by maximizing correlations between multivariate datasets while controlling for confounding sources of variance.
2260h agoHighly memorable images improve associative memory by enhancing the recall of associated words, especially when the cue image and target word are unrelated.
2260h agoThe brain's internal clock, marked by bursts of alpha oscillations, predicts how people estimate time, but its reliability depends on the experimental context.
2260h agoThe novel tool CARACAS accurately identifies and removes cardiac artifacts from EEG recordings without needing a simultaneously recorded ECG signal.
2260h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation to the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex reduces pain ratings in healthy participants through multidimensional effects on behavioural and neural aspects of pain processing.
2260h agoA novel pipeline using Topological Data Analysis accurately quantifies and characterizes stereotypical motor movements in autism by extracting and analyzing movement patterns from video and sensor data.
2260h agoA computational model with an episodic memory buffer retrieves and integrates past memories based on causal relationships between events, similar to how humans represent events and recall memories.
2264h agoThe magnitude of a stimulus's representation in a neural network predicts its memorability, and this effect is found in images and words but not in voices.
2264h agoLysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) with a palmitoyl group (16:0 LPE) reduces secondary injury and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
2264h agoFabry disease sensory neurons show dysregulation of disease-related pathways, including axon guidance, and have shorter neurite length, which can be partly improved by alpha-galactosidase A enzyme supplementation.
2264h agoThe claustrum plays a key role in stress regulation by integrating GABAergic and glutamatergic microcircuits to facilitate allostasis, and chronic stress disrupts this balance, leading to anxiety and depression-like behaviors.
2264h agoCuriosity helps learning and memory, and it changes with age, with older adults relying more on initial curiosity and less on seeking information driven by surprise.
2264h agoIntracellular calcium signaling regulates excitatory and inhibitory synapses independently, allowing cortical circuits to stabilize activity while keeping variability and flexibility for computation.
2268h agoA biologically inspired place cell architecture develops cognitive maps during exploration of novel environments, allowing a simulated agent to efficiently navigate and adapt to changing reward locations in a single attempt.
2268h agoImbalance in brain excitation and inhibition during a critical period of development leads to social deficits characteristic of autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy.
2268h agoBehavioral state, such as locomotion speed, modifies the sensory tuning of individual neurons in the mouse visual cortex to combine sensory and movement-related signals.
2268h agoAutism risk genes are expressed differently in males and females, with female brains showing higher expression of these genes, and X chromosome genes contribute greatly to autism vulnerability in males.
2268h agoRecurrent inhibition is a key circuit motif that controls the functional states of stress regulatory neurons, allowing for rapid shifts between low-activity and high-activity states in response to stress.
2268h agoThe brain's posterior parietal cortex helps determine the optimal timescale for evaluating evidence, and its neurons adjust their activity based on the strength of evidence and decision time to guide choices.
2268h agoDifferences in chromatin accessibility and specific histone marks underlie age-related differences in myelin repair capacity and vulnerability to injury in human oligodendrocytes.
2268h agoThe developing brain changes from a highly excitable state to a more stable one as it matures, with its sensitivity to disruptions decreasing over time.
2268h agoGrid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex encode reward distance during path integration tasks, and their activity resets at rewards to support goal-directed navigation.
2268h agoNeurons can compensate for dendritic spine loss by enlarging remaining spines and regenerating new ones, which may contribute to cognitive resilience in Alzheimer's disease.
2268h agoCAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene trigger repeat-associated non-AUG translation, generating proteins that contribute to neuronal toxicity and potentially pathogenicity.
2268h agoSensory over-responsivity is associated with higher levels of autistic traits and anxiety symptoms, and lower levels of conduct disorder symptoms, and is linked to distinct patterns of brain connectivity.
2268h agoGephyrin organizes into higher-order complexes through a stable dimeric assembly, which forms the basis for linear and oblique tetramers and linear hexameric arrangements.
2268h agoZolpidem restores NREM sleep, reduces amyloid plaque burden, and improves memory consolidation in young APP/PS1 mice, slowing Alzheimer's progression.
2268h agoNutrient access affects neuron communication in the brain's satiation network by regulating a specific protein called O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which helps control how neurons respond to food and metabolic changes.
2268h agoEndothelial damage in peripheral nerves occurs early in ALS, causing blood-nerve barrier dysfunction, and contributes to neurodegeneration before vascular changes in the central nervous system and motor neuron pathology.
2268h agoA new model called BiND decodes bimanual hand movements from brain recordings more accurately than existing models, achieving an average accuracy of 0.76 for single-handed and 0.69 for two-handed movements.
2272h agoOscillatory neural networks can be successfully implemented in analog-electronic hardware while maintaining their computational performance, but precision differences between analog and digital systems can affect classification accuracy.
2272h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
2272h agoA new geometry-aware deep learning framework balances training accuracy and adversarial robustness by sculpting internal representations of deep neural networks to promote intra-class compactness and inter-class separation.
2272h agoLarge Language Models fundamentally lack working memory, which hinders their ability to retain and manipulate latent information, leading to unreal conversations, self-contradiction, and struggles with mental reasoning tasks.
2272h agoA data-driven framework that uses a multi-layer perceptron to learn macroscopic brain dynamics from simulations of spiking neurons produces more realistic whole-brain models than traditional analytical models.
2272h agoThe Martin-Siggia and Rose approach to statistical turbulence leads to a Bethe-Salpeter equation for the three-point correlation of the velocity field, which can be used to improve existing closures.
2272h agoSparse optimization methods for discovering governing equations of chaotic systems produce models that depend on the measurement procedure but generate virtually identical chaotic attractors.
2272h agoA network of identical Kuramoto oscillators with broken rotational symmetry exhibits multiple collective states, including oscillation death, global synchronization, and multicluster dynamics, which are linked to distinct parameter regimes through bifurcation mechanisms.
2272h agoThe dominant vertices of a Boolean network determine the network's dynamics, and a reduced graph of these vertices has the same attractor structure as the original network.
2272h agoA new control method called uncertainty-aware reservoir predictive path integral control enables fast learning of nonlinear dynamics and improves control performance, reducing control costs by up to 60%.
2272h agoA hybrid quantum-classical reservoir architecture accurately forecasts complex dynamics in fluid systems by combining quantum evolution with classical memory enhancement.
2272h agoThe nature of late-time hydrodynamic tails of autocorrelation functions in classical spin systems is determined by the dynamical critical exponent and equilibrium thermodynamic properties.
2272h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
2272h agoNumerical simulations reveal that ion turbulent transport in tokamak plasmas driven by drift-type turbulence has approximate ergodicity, stationarity, and time-symmetry.
2272h agoA discrete space-time lattice with a local perturbation shows a singular distribution of Lyapunov exponents, with most exponents vanishing and nonzero exponents corresponding to exponentially localized Lyapunov vectors, and exhibits Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling in transport behavior.
2272h agoPheromone feedback between ants and trails can lead to sustained oscillations in the flow of ants in and out of their nest.
2272h agoA framework for characterizing higher-order topological phases uses the one-particle density matrix to directly identify bulk and boundary topology without needing an underlying Hamiltonian.
2272h agoDNA-based networks can be optimized using directed evolution to perform complex computing tasks, such as predicting non-linear time series, and adapt to multiple tasks over time.
2272h agoA hybrid quantum-classical reservoir architecture accurately forecasts complex dynamics in fluid systems by combining quantum evolution with classical memory enhancement.
2272h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
2272h agoThe Gravity from Entropy approach to quantum gravity leads to the Perona-Malik algorithm for image processing, which preserves sharp contours and complex structures.
2272h agoA new computational method predicts which high entropy oxides can be synthesized by using a machine-learned interatomic potential to identify promising candidates based on their cation energy variance and enthalpy of mixing.
2272h agoIRF8 in microglia plays a major role in controlling anxiety in a sex-dependent manner, with its deficiency leading to increased anxiety in female mice due to redox dysregulation and higher production of reactive oxygen species.
2272h agoNMUR2, a receptor for Neuromedin S, plays an essential role in regulating sleep patterns and responding to sleep and circadian challenges in mice.
2272h agoA new deep learning framework called PRIME predicts cortical excitability from raw EEG signals, enabling personalized and adaptive transcranial magnetic stimulation across any cortical region.
2272h agoMutations in the WDR45 gene lead to dysfunctional microglia that contribute to beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) through a chronic pro-inflammatory state.
2272h agoThe neural mechanisms of adolescent substance use change over time, with brain-behavior connections becoming more accurately predictive of substance use vulnerabilities at follow-up than at baseline.
2272h agoThe brain uses different neural mechanisms to make economic decisions based on the type of choice, with commodity-based choices relying on attractor dynamics and order-based choices relying on rotational dynamics.
2272h agoThe extended amygdala's two subdivisions, the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, respond to different types of threat, with the central nucleus responding to uncertain threat and the bed nucleus responding to certain threat.
2272h agoDamage to newly generated oligodendrocytes impairs sustained attention, and myelin plasticity in adulthood may contribute to attention and complex task performance.
2272h agoThe characteristics of DIANA signals are likely caused by pseudo-steady state (PSS) oscillations, suggesting that DIANA signals may not represent neuronal responses to sensory stimulation.
2272h agoReducing Connexin43 expression in astrocytes of the dorsal vagal complex does not change the metabolic phenotype in mice, despite its high expression and previous evidence linking it to energy balance regulation.
2272h agoOptimizing CBV VASO on a high-performance scanner allows mapping layer function in the hippocampus with high accuracy, revealing layer-specific differences and brain circuitry between subcortical and cortical regions.
2272h agoBiophysical simulations with different geometries, field offset calculations, and water diffusion implementations produce similar results when assuming a small intravascular signal contribution, but two commonly used approaches are notably biased.
2272h agoPMP22, a protein linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, interacts with various proteins, including those involved in cell adhesion and myelin production, and enzymes that help make sphingolipids.
2272h agoThe prenatal chemosensory systems of the water vole mature remarkably early, with the main olfactory bulb showing adult-like organization and the vomeronasal system undergoing conspicuous structural differentiation by embryonic day 21.
2272h agoProximity of the entorhinal cortex to the tentorial incisura and other skull base structures may trigger tau pathology, increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease progression.
2272h agoThe parabrachial nucleus (PbN) processes not just taste but also integrates gustatory, olfactory, and somatosensory information, with its population responses to foods and tastes shaped by the motor patterns required for ingestion.
2272h agoPrenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress reduces social behavior in offspring by altering brain chemistry, specifically by changing the expression of a receptor for vasopressin, a hormone involved in social behavior regulation.
2272h agoAfterimages engage overlapping brain activity with perceptually matching images, particularly in visual sensory regions, but with weaker signals in many areas and enhanced activity in salience network regions.
2272h agoTexture-like representations, which are global summaries of local image statistics, mainly explain the similarity between deep neural networks and human visual processing.
2272h agoMice rely on temporal cues to perceive pitch because their auditory system processes sound in a way that prioritizes timing over other sound features.
2276h agoGalectin-9 acts as a checkpoint molecule that regulates the proliferation of neural stem cells under physiological conditions and during recovery after ischemic stroke.
2276h agoSynaptic transmission and light scattering spread activation beyond the illuminated area during optogenetic stimulation, but neuronal morphology helps sharpen activation by limiting the impact of light dispersion.
2280h agoTask engagement aligns population activity in the orbitofrontal cortex along a confidence axis, enabling the use of decision confidence to guide behavior.
2280h agoThe dorsal hippocampus, specifically the dentate gyrus and CA3 regions, plays a critical role in retrieving indirectly learned associations through second-order conditioning.
2284h agoChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder have diminished eye movement responses and greater variability when reacting to predictable visual cues, similar to previously observed impaired brain entrainment.
2288h agoAstrocytes can internalize and degrade misfolded alpha-synuclein aggregates, and their ability to do so helps mitigate the spread of these aggregates between neurons, which contributes to Parkinson's Disease progression.
2288h agoThe common marmoset provides a useful animal model for studying myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain, with injected nerve growth factor causing reduced pain thresholds and changes in daily rhythms.
2288h agoNeurons in the deep layers of the lateral entorhinal cortex are likely where object-place associations are formed and updated when the environment changes.
2292h agoMental imagery and vision share similar brain activity patterns, but imagery patterns have fewer active dimensions and are reoriented, occupying a distinct subspace within the brain's overall activity space.
2292h agoNeurons exhibit frequency-specific firing, with 27% showing increased or decreased firing at specific oscillatory frequencies, mainly in the low-theta range.
2292h agoFetal brain controllability follows a U-shaped developmental curve during the perinatal period, with a minimum at approximately 35 gestational weeks, and is disrupted by preterm birth.
2292h agoSimilar memories are formed when people share similar brain activity patterns in the Default Mode Network during an event, and this similarity in brain activity predicts similar recall of the event.
2292h agoGenetic factors are linked to most variations in white matter microstructure, and glial cell-related genes play a role in age-related changes in the brain's structural wiring.
2292h agoThe motor system coordinates bimanual reaching movements by balancing the need for coordination with flexibility to adapt to different load conditions, and temporal synchronization between hands depends on the type and symmetry of loads.
2292h agoMulti-echo pipelines generally outperform single-echo pipelines in denoising efficacy for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, but no single pipeline is optimal for both denoising and behavioral prediction.
2292h agoTemporal normalization explains why perception is limited across time, as it causes contrast-dependent suppression between sequential stimuli, decreasing perceptual sensitivity to a target's orientation.
2292h agoPeople with tinnitus and those without it show differences in auditory steady state response amplitude, which may be due to changes in neural synchronisation, attention, and brain chemistry.
2292h agoTraining with a delayed feedback paradigm that induces retention of a novel myoelectric skill allows for transfer of that skill to prosthesis control.
2292h agoA data-driven framework using a multi-layer perceptron can learn macroscopic brain dynamics from simulations of spiking neurons, producing more realistic whole-brain models than current analytical models.
2296h agoA Mamba-based model effectively analyzes EEG data for neurological disorder diagnosis, achieving an AUROC of 0.72 in detecting seizures.
2296h agoA streaming test-time adaptation method combining entropy minimization with batch-norm statistic refresh improves sleep staging models on patients with unseen physiology or recording conditions.
2296h agoThird- and higher-order cyclic correlations in synaptic connectivities greatly impact neuronal dynamics by suppressing chaotic activity and promoting oscillatory or fixed activity.
2296h agoHuman cognition is shaped by the environments in which it unfolds, and learning and decision making can be explained as a principled adaptation to the statistical structure of real-world tasks.
2296h agoThe receptive field shapes in the primary visual cortex expand over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between responses computed under different viewing conditions.
2296h agoA balance between maximizing utility and minimizing resource use is achieved through a phase transition in inference, where a strategic trade-off between information gain and task performance leads to effective but resource-efficient control under uncertainty.
2296h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and the type of neuron activation function used.
2296h agoForgetting at a certain rate allows a walker to learn and localize around a resource site faster, without compromising learning, by saving memory.
2296h agoEach integrable evolution equation of the KdV type has a collection of miscellaneous continuous, semi-discrete, and discrete integrable systems associated with it.
2296h agoThe pH oscillations in the urea-urease reaction within giant lipid vesicles are caused by an underlying biochemical asymmetry in the differential transport across the vesicle membrane.
2296h agoRotating black holes surrounded by dark matter can scramble information as efficiently as physical laws allow when dark matter concentration is high.
2296h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived from the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
2296h agoQuantum correlations, measured by global quantum discord and quantum Fisher information, interact with a single mode Fock field in a multi two-level system that includes Kerr-like non-linearity effects, parametric amplification, and intrinsic decoherence.
2296h agoQ-ball--anti-Q-ball collisions reveal chaotic behaviour in the thin-wall regime due to resonant energy transfer triggered by internal modes and ephemeral states.
2296h agoThe multiplex structure of networks amplifies or suppresses co-circulating infections, and specific conditions drive persistent epidemic patterns depending on pathogen virulence, diffusion rates, and cross-diffusion.
2296h agoControl theory provides a unifying framework for understanding how biological systems regulate their dynamics to maintain stability across different length and time scales.
2296h agoLarger oligomers improve the resilience of a gene autoregulating feedback loop by preserving the equilibrium concentration of transcription factors despite noise.
2296h agoControlling laser-induced pattern formation is challenging, but researchers have now found that competing feedback mechanisms drive distinct chemical and ablative processes, allowing for selective activation and suppression of different patterns by tuning laser parameters.
2296h agoThe global variant of a four-dimensional gauge theory determines its spectrum of Wilson-'t Hooft line operators, which in turn affects the structure of gapped vacua, symmetries, and modular invariance when spacetime is compactified.
2296h agoThe most efficient strategy for agents in the parallel Minority Game is to have a memory of their last visit to their alternative choice.
2296h agoDynamic quantum circuits can generate states that depend on previous measurement results, and a new optical reset model allows for more flexibility in constructing these circuits on optical platforms.
2296h agoRydberg atoms in a fractal lattice exhibit phases where spins flip one-by-one, and the theoretical results match experiments performed with single atoms trapped by optical tweezers.
2296h agoQuasiperiodic systems with correlated hopping exhibit reentrant localization transitions, where previously localized electronic states become delocalized again within a specific parameter window due to the interplay between quasiperiodic on-site disorder and correlated hopping.
2296h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and the type of neuron activation function used.
2296h agoLarge overparametrized machine learning models exhibit a separation of timescales in their training dynamics, leading to the emergence of a slow timescale, inductive bias towards small complexity, and a decoupling between feature learning and overfitting regimes.
2296h agoPhysics-inspired algorithms, including coherent Ising machines and Hopfield neural networks, are effective in solving combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging nonlinear dynamics.
2296h agoThird- and higher-order cyclic correlations in synaptic connectivities greatly impact neuronal dynamics by suppressing chaotic activity and promoting oscillatory or fixed activity.
2296h agoParticles in a system respond differently to temperature changes and compression, with rapid temperature equalization but slow structural changes, especially in glassy states.
2296h agoGeometric entanglement of nonconvex granular particles forms a network structure that undergoes a percolation transition when the number of links exceeds a critical threshold.
2296h agoPlasmid persistence in microbial communities can arise from the heterogeneity present in large and diverse communities, allowing plasmids to be maintained indefinitely even in the absence of positive selection.
2296h agoThe brain adapts movements to achieve motor goals by recalibrating internal representations of the body and tools, even in realistic 3D environments with immersive virtual reality and hand-held tools.
2296h agoA model of parallel belief states guides exploration and exploitation of feature-based attention during learning by tracking the relevance of multiple visual features.
2296h agoAdolescent stress impairs sociability, social memory, and object recognition memory, and reduces parvalbumin-expressing interneurons and perineuronal nets in adulthood, but minocycline treatment during or after stress exposure prevents these changes.
2296h agoSomatostatin released by O-LM interneurons inhibits pyramidal neuron excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission, and modulates intrinsic excitability and synaptic potentiation in pyramidal neurons.
2296h agoBacterial polysaccharides, especially peptidoglycan from gram-positive bacteria, activate a sensory neuron in nematode worms, which in turn induces feeding-related behaviors.
2296h agoPV and FoxP2 neurons in the external globus pallidus regulate the flow of sensorimotor information within the basal ganglia during perceptual decision-making by encoding visual stimuli, movement, and trial outcomes in distinct ways.
2296h agoBrain regions, particularly the vmPFC and mid-posterior insula, encode emotional facial expressions in terms of both discrete emotion categories and underlying affective dimensions such as arousal and valence.
2296h agoA rapid, heterosynaptic plasticity rule allows neural networks to quickly adapt to changing environments and tasks by using interactions between pre-synaptic activity and instructive signals.
2296h agoMice can learn to directly control a miniature prosthetic forelimb with their brains and use it to solve tasks in 2D and 3D space.
2296h agoGABAergic neurons in the inferior colliculus mainly project to the medial division of the medial geniculate body and contralateral inferior colliculus, and they constitute a larger proportion of neurons projecting to these areas than their overall proportion in the inferior colliculus.
2296h agoPlace cells in humans and rats have different properties, with rodent place cells showing a broader range of spatial tuning and human place cells being less strongly tuned.
2296h agoEfficient coding recovers key features of early olfactory processing by maximizing mutual information one layer at a time, under realistic biophysical assumptions.
2296h agoThe 5-HT3A receptor regulates the balance between behavioral persistence and flexibility, with its normal function biasing this balance toward persistence.
2296h agoEpidural stimulation of the spinal cord evokes distinct electrophysiological responses, including compound action potentials, doublets, synaptic activity potentials, and electromyographic signals, with different physiological origins.
2296h agoMicroglia show distinct gene expression changes based on their location in relation to plaques in Alzheimer's disease, with specific genes upregulated only in microglia directly contacting plaques.
2296h agoCo-expressing GAD65 in glutamatergic subthalamic neurons to release both GABA and glutamate helps restore balance to motor control and reduces abnormal movements in Parkinson's disease model rats.
2300h agoThe Brain/MINDS population-based 3D digital brain atlas version 2.0 provides a comprehensive whole-brain parcellation of 636 regions, integrating data from multiple brains and imaging modalities to support cross-modal registration, data integration, and comparative neuroscience.
2300h agoIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients selectively avoid thinking about bloating-related stimuli, and anxiety worsens this avoidance, which is a unique pattern different from anxiety-related thinking.
2304h agoIncreased variability in brain connections between the default-mode network, cerebellum, and dorsal attention network is associated with higher rumination in adolescents.
2304h agoMotor representations in the brain become more differentiated with learning, but object representations remain stable, even when their temporal order is learned.
2304h agoAUTOTAC, a new therapeutic approach, selectively degrades misfolded TDP-43 protein aggregates, a hallmark of ALS, and shows disease-modifying efficacy in ALS model mice.
2304h agoA commercially available anti-Iba1 antibody made in goat produces irregular staining patterns in specific regions of the mouse brain, labeling more cells than expected and colocalizing with vasopressin neurons, whereas anti-Iba1 antibodies made in other species do not show these errors.
2308h agoMitochondrial DNA damage in astrocytes disrupts their function, leading to loss of dopamine-producing neurons and worsening of Parkinson's disease symptoms.
2308h agoA subtype of dopamine neurons undergo a transient axon overgrowth followed by selective pruning during metamorphosis, which is controlled by neuron-intrinsic AKT-GSK3β signaling and extrinsic glial activity.
2308h agoAged brains show altered organization and molecular identity of memory traces, with changes in engram allocation, reactivation stability, and gene expression patterns during memory retrieval.
2308h agoSignaling molecules and transcription factors establish and maintain neural cell identities during neurogenesis by acting in a coordinated and multi-step regulatory program.
2308h agoAmyloid beta and LPS trigger distinct transcriptional responses in microglia, with amyloid beta inducing disease-associated gene expression changes and LPS causing broad inflammatory activation and cell death.
2308h agoIncreased functional connection between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the default mode network is associated with age-related decline in cognitive control, particularly in people aged 30 and older.
2312h agoOligodendrocytes use a specific protein complex called AP2 to form and maintain myelin sheaths around nerve cells, and problems with this complex can lead to abnormal myelin growth and structure.
2312h agoEnriched experience reorganizes cortical circuits into a symmetric network with balanced inhibition, which improves coding efficiency and supports categorical knowledge.
2312h agoCaMKII mRNA localizes to dendritic spines, where it is translated on-site, to maintain long-lasting synaptic plasticity by supplying a steady pool of CaMKII.
2312h agoThe congruency sequence effect emerges in behavior and brain activity when responses repeat, and is driven by theta-band activity between 450-550ms post stimulus onset.
2312h agoPeople with developmental dyslexia do not adjust their brain's tracking of speech rhythms in response to less clear speech, and this is linked to their phonological awareness and reading performance.
2312h agoLarge artery dilatation directly contributes to Alzheimer's disease progression by accelerating amyloid plaque formation, neuronal loss, and impaired protein clearance.
2312h agoM6A modification regulates RNA transport and local translation in axons of developing sympathetic neurons, controlling protein expression and preventing premature translation.
2312h agoRestoring TDP-43 function with a brain-permeable gene therapy approach rescues neuron loss, memory deficits, and abnormal neuronal activity in a model of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
2316h agoHuman cognition reflects adaptive alignment to the statistical structure of everyday problems, as shown by a new computational framework called Ecologically Rational Meta-learned Inference (ERMI) that captures human behavior across 15 experiments on learning and decision making.
2320h agoLSTM neural networks accurately distinguish healthy from disordered sleep 93.3% of the time, and up to 95% with fusion techniques, using EEG recordings.
2320h agoThe study compares and contrasts three theories of consciousness - Integrated Information Theory, Neurorepresentationalism, and Active Inference - to assess their similarities, differences, and predictive power.
2320h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function indicates conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
2320h agoThe retina's processing of natural stimuli remains poorly understood due to model complexity issues, but new approaches such as task-based reductionism and biologically constrained models may help overcome these limitations.
2320h agoRecent advances in computational techniques have enabled individualized optimization of transcranial electrical stimulation by allowing for dynamic and subject-specific stimulation planning.
2320h agoEye movements during visual exploration tasks can be used to automatically screen for Parkinson's Disease, with a combination of gaze-based features and machine learning achieving a high accuracy of 0.95.
2320h agoDeep Cluster Atlas (DCA) generates individualized brain maps that improve analysis of brain imaging data by creating functionally coherent and spatially contiguous regions.
2320h agoThe neural response to visual motion depends on contrast and context, and adapts to match the integration time to the mean interval between spikes, reducing redundancy.
2320h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex are covariant under geometric image transformations, meaning their shapes are expanded over the degrees of freedom of the corresponding image transformations.
2320h agoDeep learning methods, specifically EEGNet, improve deception detection accuracy to 86.67% in electroencephalogram-based concealed information tests, especially when stimulus familiarity is high.
2320h agoArtificial neural networks function as adaptive systems where training is driven by the coupling of strongly activated, task-specific neurons, leading to a balance of neuronal contributions that enables generalization capacity.
2320h agoPyNoetic, a modular BCI framework, enables researchers to design and develop brain-computer interfaces with an intuitive GUI, minimal programming experience, and adaptability at each design stage, covering the entire BCI design pipeline from stimulus presentation to simulation and visualization.
2320h agoA new method that uses inertial measurement unit data to identify motion-related artifacts in EEG signals improves the robustness of brain-computer interfaces under diverse motion scenarios.
2320h agoForgetting can help a walker learn and reach a steady state position faster, as long as it forgets at a rate slower than or equal to 1 over time, but faster forgetting leads to intermittent localization and diffusion.
2320h agoThe basal ganglia play a central role in organizing neural activity by synchronizing oscillations and synchrony between the cortex, thalamus, and other brain areas to facilitate contextually appropriate functional connections.
2320h agoNet2Brain, a new toolbox, allows comparison of representational spaces of artificial deep neural networks and human brain recordings, enabling extraction of activations from over 600 DNNs and analysis of their similarity to brain recordings.
2320h agoA MultiAxial network accurately segments whole-head MRIs, including those with abnormal anatomy, achieving a test-set Dice score of 0.88.
2320h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy results in lightweight spiking Transformer models that are smaller and less computationally intensive while maintaining competitive performance.
2320h agoCarefully selecting design parameters, such as pumping rates and well locations, is crucial for enhancing mixing between two species using engineered injection and extraction systems that create chaotic advection.
2320h agoA reservoir computer with a low-dimensional read-out can learn to predict time-series by configuring a high number of oscillators into a few populations.
2320h agoMachine learning methods can classify fractal points with higher predictive accuracy and lower computational cost than traditional numerical approaches.
2320h agoThe solution to a Riemann-Hilbert problem constructs soliton solutions to a fifth-order nonlinear partial differential equation, which yields soliton solutions to the Sawada-Kotera equation under certain restrictions.
2320h agoClimate variability in Imphal, India shows a positive increase in maximum temperature over 73 years, and a new hybrid model effectively reproduces the observed dynamics of this temperature variability.
2320h agoActive matter systems can efficiently process information and change their computation method in response to different driving forces, making them well-suited for reservoir computing.
2320h agoIncluding global-range interactions allows Bethe Ansatz solutions to be applied to quantum systems beyond one-dimensional models.
2320h agoThe nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a three-edge star graph with linear localized inhomogeneities exhibits a symmetry-breaking bifurcation in a symmetric family of solutions, which is of the transcritical type and occurs at a precisely estimated bifurcation point.
2320h agoActive agents with time-delayed interactions can form stable patterns under certain conditions, which depend on factors such as inertia, time delays, and inter-agent coupling.
2320h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function indicates conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
2320h agoThe broad smoothing filter with saturable gain helps regulate the pulses' operating wavelength in a mode-locked laser by shifting the effective gain center based on pulse energy.
2320h agoChemical reactions can be designed to perform computations by combining a computational process with its execution environment, allowing the system to adapt to fluctuations and exhibit quantum-like coherence.
2320h agoKdV integrals serve as valuable indicators for detecting instabilities in Black Hole Quasi-Normal Modes and Greybody Factors.
2320h agoCombining dynamical systems theory and remote sensing techniques helps emergency services manage oil spills in real-time.
2320h agoThe multi-particle Calogero model can be extended to have infinite Weyl group symmetry of affine and hyperbolic type using infinite root systems generated from Coxeter orbits.
2320h agoCompressed elastic strips with modulated height alternate between predictable quasi-periodic and periodic buckling modes due to frequency lock-in.
2320h agoThe Kramers-Wannier duality concept is extended to a broad class of quantum lattice models, providing explicit expressions for the Kramers-Wannier operators.
2320h agoThe quantum hard-rods model shows Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior, with calculations revealing universal features of low energy physics of gapless quantum fluid.
2320h agoBoolForge is a Python toolbox that generates and analyzes Boolean networks with specified properties, including canalization, to help study complex biological processes.
2320h agoA system's stability requires only brief periods of returning to its original state within each cycle to achieve dynamic stability when its parameters vary over time.
2320h agoThe Dbar method is developed to study discrete integrable equations, providing a connection between this method and the direct linearization approach for lattice Korteweg-de Vries type equations.
2320h agoA data-driven method accurately reproduces the statistical properties and temporal correlations of cyclo-stationary time series, enabling efficient generation of synthetic trajectories.
2320h agoNoise acts as a control that steers stochastic systems along their most probable trajectories, which minimizes an action functional and corresponds to an optimal control strategy.
2320h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space $H^2$.
2320h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress changes with temperature, with fracture stress, strain, and Young modulus decreasing almost linearly as temperature increases.
2320h agoAn electrical all-bands-flat lattice is constructed, and compact localized states are generated within it, with experimental results matching tight-binding predictions.
2320h agoA new algorithm called generalized simulated bifurcation can solve large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with almost 100% success probability by harnessing the edge of chaos, shortening the time to solution to 10 milliseconds.
2320h agoArtificial neural networks function as adaptive systems where training is driven by the coupling of strongly activated, task-specific neurons, leading to a balance of neuronal contributions that enables generalization capacity.
2320h agoPhysical networks made of nanoscale components can harness nonlinear dynamics for learning, offering a promising route to energy-efficient, brain-like intelligence in resource-constrained environments.
2320h agoStudying a neural network's phase diagram provides intuition about the optimal choice of hyperparameters for stochastic gradient descent.
2320h agoGeometric entanglement causes nonconvex granular particles to form solid-like structures, and a percolation transition occurs in these entangled particles when the number of links exceeds a critical threshold.
2320h agoMachine learning models that include physical concepts like short range order and crystal structure class, and dopant properties, better predict thermoelectric material properties, especially doping effects.
2320h agoAdaptive systems evolve toward a marginally absorbing manifold that encodes memory of past conditions, enabling them to learn and retain memory under environmental change.
2320h agoIncreasing transmission capacity is needed to nearly eliminate vehicle operational CO2 emissions through electrification as renewable energy replaces nonrenewable sources.
2320h agoPlasmid persistence in microbial communities can arise from the heterogeneity present in large and diverse communities, allowing plasmids to be maintained indefinitely even in the absence of positive selection.
2320h agoA quantum system relaxes more rapidly through a two-step evolution protocol than through direct evolution under a symmetric Hamiltonian alone, with a transient asymmetric evolution significantly accelerating thermalization or convergence to the ground state.
2320h agoA model that uses neural networks to incorporate node covariate variables improves the recovery of initial states and spreading trajectories in stochastic processes on graphs.
2320h agoThe dynamics of the one-dimensional XY model with random magnetic field and sparse ZZ terms shows Lieb-Robinson bounds with a logarithmic lightcone and amplitude proportional to the inverse of the ZZ coupling constant.
2320h agoThe study links p-adic numbers and kernels through a large deviation theory for mean-field spin glasses, and interprets the Derrida's Generalized Random Energy Model as a random numerical base.
2320h agoThe Topological Breakdown Model explains the metastable domain patterns in potassium-tantalate-niobate crystals near the cubic-to-tetragonal structural phase transition through competition between domain-domain interactions and polarization-charge screening.
2320h agoThe asymptotic behavior of Gibbs measure in mean-field vector spin glasses is described by a critical point of an explicit functional, with different types of spins showing corresponding replica-symmetry-breaking structures.
2320h agoThe free energy of systems with many interacting stochastic constituents can be computed using Feynman diagrams, which helps to organize perturbative series terms and can be applied to a wide range of problems.
2320h agoBond percolation on the Song-Havlin-Makse network remains in a nonpercolating phase for all probabilities less than 1 when the network is fractal, but exhibits a critical phase for all probabilities when the network is small-world.
2320h agoRandom fluctuations in material parameters can suppress wave propagation and induce localization in time-varying media.
2320h agoTopological edge states emerge in one-dimensional off-diagonal mosaic lattices with periodically modulated nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes, and they remain robust under off-diagonal disorder.
2320h agoLeptin signaling deficiency contributes to age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology, including metabolic dysfunction, memory impairments, and abnormal protein buildup.
2324h agoSpiking recurrent neural networks with biologically grounded features, specifically Dale's law and voltage-dependent synaptic reversal potentials, are more accurate and energy-efficient, cutting spike energy by up to 4x while increasing task accuracy.
2328h agoGSDME acts as a switch linking calcium release to astrocyte-driven neurotoxicity, leading to astrocytes changing from protective to toxic states and propagating toxicity through exosomes.
2328h agoTau protein aggregates are present in specific brain regions of Parkinson's disease patients, including small aggregates not detectable by standard methods, and may contribute to striatal dysfunction.
2328h agoTDP-43 pathology causes cryptic splicing and downregulation of genes critical for membrane excitability and synaptic function, leading to impaired neuronal function in neurodegenerative diseases.
2328h agoSodium ions have opposing effects on mu and kappa-opioid receptors, acting as a negative modulator on mu receptors and a negative modulator of binding but positive modulator of conformational transitions and signaling on kappa receptors.
2328h agoDifferent versions of the neurexin1 gene have varying effects on behavior when expressed in C. elegans, with some partially rescuing behavioral defects and others inducing new phenotypes.
2328h agoMutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome, and researchers have identified a set of proteins in the brain that can serve as biomarkers to monitor disease progression and response to therapy.
2328h agoSixty minutes of cycling causes a change in brain network dynamics, reducing synchronization between the striatum and frontoparietal networks.
2332h agoLarval zebrafish have distinct deep and light sleep sub-states that are regulated by different brain chemicals and respond differently to sleep deprivation and arousing stimuli.
2332h agoAperiodic features of EEG power spectra outperform oscillatory features in tracking vigilance as a continuous variable, showing a stronger and more linear relationship with objective and subjective indices of vigilance.
2332h agoPremature birth disrupts normal brain development, causing lasting differences in the growth, structure, and function of the cerebellum, a part of the brain that controls coordination and balance.
2332h agoMutations in the Glucocerebrosidase gene impair lysosomal function, leading to mitochondrial problems and increased risk of Parkinson's disease.
2336h agoElectrical stimulation elicits excitatory, inhibitory, and mixed responses in human cortical microcircuits, with response magnitude depending on stimulation parameters and decaying with distance.
2336h agoEarly life stress changes how animals handle threats later in life by shifting their coping strategies from passive to active, and resilient animals have a more diverse and flexible behavioral response to stress.
2336h agoNeurons do not change the length of a key structure called the axon initial segment in response to changes in activity levels.
2340h agoThe human brain develops its functional architecture in three stages - child-like, transitional, and adult-like configurations - at different rates for different frequency bands, and individual traits like IQ and social anxiety influence this developmental pace.
2340h agoThe dorsomedial prefrontal cortex builds and sustains an abstract representational bridge that links planning to action, enabling the translation of plans into concrete action sequences.
2340h agoEthnicity and race characteristics shape the brain's functional connections in a hierarchical pattern along the sensorimotor-association axis, and these differences are linked to lifestyle factors and gene expression patterns.
2340h agoHierarchical Bayesian models accurately estimate interoceptive sensitivity, bias, and precision in cardiac and respiratory domains, allowing for efficient analysis with limited data.
2340h agoDigital Twin for Chemical Science (DTCS) connects theory with spectroscopic measurements, enabling the interpretation of spectra and supporting real-time decision-making in chemical characterization through a bidirectional feedback loop.
2344h agoThe brain's activity shows an anti-correlated structure across global and local scales, with regions in the dorsal attention network aligned between local and global state transitions, allowing the brain to maintain internal representations while responding to environmental changes.
2344h agoThe brain pre-activates predicted sensory information before it happens, and actively generated stimuli elicit stronger brain responses than passively presented ones, supporting the opposing processes theory.
2344h agoHuman brain development is longer and more complex than in other mammals because human brain cells have lower rates of fatty acid oxidation, which slows down their development.
2344h agoPain-related neural patterns interact with anesthesia-related patterns, and pain responses under anesthesia depend on the anesthesia phase.
2344h agodI3 neurons play a key role in comparing internal predictions and external sensory feedback to make rapid corrections to ongoing movements.
2344h agoInhibiting stearoyl-CoA desaturase improves fatty acid balance and recovers dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, offering a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease.
2344h agoStandard motion correction methods are adequate for processing high temporal resolution functional Positron Emission Tomography data, and new techniques do not substantially improve mitigation of motion artefacts.
2344h agoThe brain modifies its representations of events when experiences are repeated, with some areas maintaining stable event structures and others changing to become more or less detailed.
2344h agoEmotions in dreams are fluid and fast-changing, with positive and negative emotions often occurring in quick succession, and positive emotions tend to emerge earlier than negative ones.
2344h agoIndividuals with treatment-resistant depression have disrupted white matter microstructure and altered structural connectivity in specific brain circuits that control motivation, reward, and emotional regulation.
2348h agoA reversible generative adversarial network generates synthetic diffusion tensor imaging scalar maps from structural brain MRI, allowing for a single-step translation and offering competitive accuracy in sex classification and Alzheimer's disease classification.
2348h agoElevated brain iron levels are present in Alzheimer's disease, as shown by higher magnetic susceptibility values in the globus pallidus and dentate nucleus in people with Alzheimer's compared to healthy controls.
2348h agoNeurons with high predictive power in decoding visual stimuli form a dense and strong network, and their activity and connections differ between when they are processing a visual stimulus and when they are not.
2348h agoFacial age estimation by humans and artificial intelligence is imprecise due to a critical shortcoming in current methods, which can be improved with a novel measure that eliminates response bias.
2348h agoScientists generate human sensory neurons from stem cells that mimic native neurons and respond to itch-promoting signals, allowing for potential new approaches to model and treat itchy skin diseases.
2348h agoEstrogen and biological sex are risk factors for sleep disorders, with estrogen suppressing sleep in females by increasing adenosine, and astrocytes in the brain have sex-dependent effects on sleep and sleep drive.
2352h agoMice rapidly learn to track odor trails by combining immediate sensory information with a short-term memory of the trail geometry and statistics.
2352h agoSynthetic brain MRI data generated using a Diffusion Transformer model shows high fidelity and anatomical coherence, and can enhance model performance in dementia classification tasks.
2352h agoDeep learning models that combine MRI with demographic, clinical, and genetic data can classify six co-occurring neuropathologies in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
2352h agoAccurate and consistent probe placement is crucial in fNIRS and EEG experiments; a new software, NeuroNavigatAR (NNAR), uses augmented reality and machine-learning to guide consistent headgear placement by estimating and displaying a subject's cranial and head landmarks in real-time, achieving a median position error of 1.52 cm.
2356h agoExogenous attention enhances contrast sensitivity for low to mid-range spatial frequencies within the foveola, but does not benefit higher spatial frequencies.
2356h agoTrpc4 interneurons in the spinal cord play a critical role in coordinating bladder-sphincter activity, regulating micturition reflexes, and gating visceral pain.
2356h agoSpiral ganglion neuron subtype Ia has larger post-synaptic densities and is more resilient to noise and aging than subtypes Ib and Ic.
2356h agoSimple Hebbian plasticity allows feed-forward neural networks to learn and propagate nonlinear coordinate systems, such as circular and toroidal manifolds, which are commonly found in neural systems across different species.
2356h agoDisgust propensity, but not disgust sensitivity, modulates neural responses to disgust-eliciting stimuli in specific brain regions, including the insula, caudate, and hippocampus.
2356h agoThe integrity of the locus coeruleus (LC) is linked to delayed memory and lower brain activity during encoding, and people with memory impairments have reduced LC integrity.
2356h agoNewly generated neurons in the killifish brain functionally integrate into existing circuits after traumatic brain injury, allowing for functional behavioral recovery.
2356h agoProgressive atrophy in semantic dementia disrupts the dynamic separation of language networks involved in semantic processing, phonological processing, and speech production, leading to distinct language impairments.
2364h agoDevelopmental vitamin A deficiency causes sex-specific alterations in reward processing in adulthood, leading to hyperactivity of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway and related behavioral changes.
2364h agoFragile X syndrome is caused by changes in a protein that normally helps regulate cell growth and development, leading to increased cell proliferation and abnormal brain cell development.
2364h agoThe brain continues to predict and monitor relevant inputs even when a person disengages from the external environment and their mind wanders.
2364h agoThe visual system organizes objects in a hierarchical structure based on statistical patterns of visual information, and a similar structure is also present in a self-supervised deep neural network.
2364h agoInheritance of enhanced ability to learn complex tasks occurs in the mammalian brain, enabling offspring of trained rodents to be born with biophysical modifications that make them super-learners.
2364h agoContinuous experiences are represented in memory as a subset of key moments that capture the underlying narrative.
2364h agoMutations in IGHMBP2 cause spinal muscular atrophy and Charcot Marie Tooth disease, and mice with the IGHMBP2-R604X mutation develop severe symptoms, including short lifespan, respiratory problems, and impaired suckling.
2364h agoSynaptic delays, local excitation, and long-range inhibition in networks of integrate-and-fire neurons give rise to different patterns of macroscopic activity, including uniform oscillations, localized areas of sustained activity, and complex spatiotemporal dynamics.
2368h agoA homeostatic model that adjusts connection weights and rewires directed connections produces both heavy-tailed distributions of connection weights and complex network structures.
2368h agoThe Dirac equation, a fundamental concept in relativistic quantum mechanics, may emerge from a stochastic master equation, suggesting a link between quantum mechanics and brain dynamics.
2368h agoFlashing fireflies and chirping crickets often communicate at a frequency of 0.5-4 Hz, and this frequency range may be universal due to the biology of receiving neurons.
2368h agoTwo-photon optogenetic stimulation enables control of hundreds of specifically targeted neurons simultaneously, allowing flexible and rapid reconfiguration of stimulation patterns.
2368h agoSpiking neural networks with nonlinear pruning and dendritic integration achieve high sparsity with minimal performance degradation, outperforming other methods on several benchmark datasets.
2368h agoThe best memory competitors can memorize a 100-digit number in under 15 seconds by using evolved techniques and associations at the core of memory.
2368h agoVariational free energy accurately estimates how well a driver’s brain learns vehicle dynamics and performs steering tasks, correlating with both expert driver and general participant performance.
2368h agoNonisospectral integrable systems describe solitary waves in nonuniform media through three types of nonisospectral matrix modified Korteweg-de Vries equations and their solutions.
2368h agoA new method helps accurately estimate traffic conditions in severe congestion by filling in missing data from fiber-optic sensors that detect vehicle vibrations.
2368h agoThe analysis of a pattern-forming system with simultaneous Turing and Turing-Hopf instabilities reveals the existence of solutions that model spatial transitions between different patterns.
2368h agoEnvironmental variability and human mobility together promote the evolution of cooperation by disrupting defector groups and forming cooperator groups in resource-rich areas.
2368h agoHigher-order topological insulators with a new type of two-dimensional lattice have been experimentally demonstrated, supporting corner states of topological origin and nonlinear corner states.
2368h agoMagnetic solitons can form bound states, or molecules, through specific interactions, and these bound states exhibit intriguing dynamics when colliding with other solitons or bound states.
2368h agoA template with a unique elementary mixer describes the chaotic mechanism and dynamics of a chaotic attractor bounded by a genus-1 torus.
2368h agoThe Kuramoto model has necessary and sufficient conditions for distinct constants of motion to exist when it has heterogeneous phase lags on any weighted, directed, signed graph.
2368h agoOptical solitons can be stabilized in multimode nonlinear optical systems by using specific medium lengths that suppress mode coupling, allowing for efficient supercontinuum generation and pulse compression.
2368h agoThe study of a nanomechanical beam with two coupled bistable modes reveals four stable regions in the frequency domain, separated by curves where the system transitions between states.
2368h agoA new theory explains how structural glasses behave when their physical properties vary in one direction, predicting a specific spatial profile of the glass order parameter and matching previous study results on glass transitions.
2368h agoA novel approach introduces defects into a crystal lattice to create non-ergodic multifractal states, which exhibit anomalous slow dynamics and offer new pathways for quantum transport studies.
2368h agoDisorder enhances ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic metal with repulsive interactions at zero temperature and can induce a ferromagnetic ground state in a non-ferromagnetic system, and also leads to a spin-glass phase at finite temperature beyond a critical disorder strength.
2368h agoLewy pathology accumulates at excitatory corticostriatal synapses and is associated with swollen axons, suggesting a possible contributor to cognitive decline in Lewy body diseases.
2372h agoThe circadian pacemaker regulates sleep through a feedback cycle between transcriptional and neural activity rhythms, involving dopamine signaling and the transcription factor Onecut, to promote daytime wakefulness.
2372h agoKilohertz neuronal electrical stimulation can induce diverse responses in brain neuron networks, ranging from regular spiking to chaotic behavior and complete activity suppression.
2376h agoFour neural states with distinct features predict worsening or improving bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease patients, challenging traditional views that focus on beta-band activity.
2376h agoThe novel radiotracer 7-[18F]Fluorotryptophan is safe for human use and can be used to study tryptophan metabolism in the brain and other parts of the body.
2380h agoLocusts that live in groups jump more in response to threats than those that live alone, and their brain cells involved in movement detection have different structures.
2380h agoTirzepatide reduces alcohol-related behaviors, including the rewarding properties of alcohol and voluntary alcohol consumption, and also affects physiological consequences associated with long-term alcohol use.
2380h agoSeizures spread through the brain by preferring specific pathways based on the balance of excitatory and inhibitory cells, rather than using all connected areas equally.
2380h agoMutations in tRNA synthetases cause a form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease by reducing protein synthesis in neurons, but axon regrowth and protein synthesis can be restored by stimulating axon regeneration.
2380h agoUsing larger and demographically matched reference samples improves the performance of brain deviation models in Alzheimer's disease research.
2380h agoConsistent motor responses, not just shared memory, drive sequential biases in tasks where stimulus features are shared but response modes differ.
2380h agoFrailty in older adults is linked to changes in brain connectivity, specifically in the Subcortical and Cerebellum network, particularly the caudate nucleus, which predicts individual differences in grip strength.
2384h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
2384h agoThe new Jansen-Rit neural mass model, which incorporates inhibitory synaptic plasticity, successfully simulates brain dynamics and connectivity across different frequency bands and states, such as NREM sleep.
2384h agoMinocycline treatment reduces chronic pain in male mice with sickle cell disease by altering gut bacteria and reducing inflammation in a sex-specific way.
2384h agoPavlovian biases, specifically context biases and value decay, play a critical role in shaping decision-making and behavior over time, particularly in individuals with elevated suicide risk.
2384h agoSingle neurons in the brain that respond to both hue and luminance form a high-dimensional representation of these variables, which can be embedded in multiple separable representations.
2384h agoEarly-life stress causes different changes in the brain's amygdala in males and females, affecting how brain cells work and connect, and leading to problems with fear processing.
2384h agoA new model-based approach using Bayesian generalised additive multilevel models provides precise estimates of when neural effects start and stop, outperforming conventional methods in analysing magneto- and electroencephalography (M/EEG) timeseries.
2384h agoThe organization of intrinsic neural timescales across the mouse brain shows longer timescales in the midbrain and hindbrain than in the forebrain, with spatial patterns of gene expression predicting timescale variation and a multiscale architecture governing neuronal dynamics.
2384h agoSocial position in animal groups results from the interplay between stable individual traits and group-level dynamics, and is made up of multiple, separate processes rather than a single behavioral trait.
2384h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex plays a key role in cooperation by encoding leadership dynamics and social value, with disruptions to this area impairing cooperation and altering decision-making in leader-follower roles.
2384h agoInhibitory connections activate neurons in the mPOA through post-inhibitory rebound firing, which is essential for male mating behavior.
2384h agoBlind expert echolocators integrate spatial cues from successive clicks to accurately localize objects, and neural representations in the brain distinguish echo location and predict performance from the first click.
2388h agoA specific microdeletion in the gephyrin gene disrupts inhibitory signal transmission, leads to neurological deficits, and triggers compensatory changes in excitatory synapses.
2388h agoNeurodevelopmental axonal defects caused by an embryonic RNA repeat initiate a motor phenotype and lead to adult motor dysfunction in a zebrafish model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 37.
2388h agoMicroglia with high CD74 expression are more frequent in Alzheimer's disease dementia and have a distinct amoeboid shape, and are involved in cytokine response, antigen presentation, and T cell regulation.
2392h agoN-methyl-D-aspartate receptors composed of GluN1, N2, and N3 subunits can be activated by co-binding of glycine and glutamate, exhibiting two distinct conductance levels.
2404h agoThe biological processes of aging directly contribute to the onset of Parkinson's disease symptoms in a mouse model, and targeting these processes can improve symptoms without affecting a-syn oligomers.
2404h agoMice move or wiggle a wheel to boost the visibility of low-contrast visual stimuli and improve their accuracy in making visual decisions.
2404h agoThe dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction help regulate switching between self and other perspectives, and stimulating these areas disrupts efficient return to a self-focused perspective.
2404h agoA measure of partner synchrony during dance can be feasibly collected using inertial sensors and is associated with instructor ratings and changes in mood.
2408h agoMultivariate pattern analysis is not immune to biases from intracortical veins, but careful modeling can help correct these effects.
2408h agoThe strength of synaptic inputs to globular bushy cells in the auditory system shapes sound encoding by influencing temporal precision and firing rates.
2408h agoSilicon neural probes with integrated optical emitters, electrodes, and microfluidic channels enable simultaneous optogenetic stimulation, electrophysiological recording, and localized drug delivery in deep brain regions.
2408h agoHeightened real-world uncertainty drives mental health symptoms of anxiety and depression, especially in people who are intolerant of uncertainty.
2408h agoSensory neurons suppress the auditory steady-state response more strongly when competing modulation frequencies are close to each other than when they are farther apart, and a normalization model explains this interaction.
2408h agoThe study finds that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by distinct gene expression patterns and activated stress-response and inflammatory pathways in specific cell types, including microglia and ventral inhibitory neurons.
2408h agoModified tau protein disrupts protein translation, potentially causing early ribosomal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, and this effect may occur in multiple tissues.
2408h agoSong familiarity relies on evidence accumulation, where individual notes in a familiar song act as evidence that gathers over time until a threshold is reached to make a familiarity decision.
2408h agoHelicobacter pylori infection leads to neurodegeneration through inflammatory mechanisms independent of -synuclein aggregation.
2408h agoChanges in fatty acid metabolism occur in the early stages of all-cause dementia pathology, and a panel of fatty acid biomarkers can improve diagnostic accuracy when used alongside traditional markers.
2408h agoMusic listening increases glucose consumption in brain areas related to auditory perception, motor control, and reward, including the auditory and motor cortices, nucleus accumbens, and orbitofrontal cortex.
2412h agoOxytocin plays a crucial role in helping individuals form stable relationships in complex social networks by tuning sensory systems into a social processing state.
2412h agoSensorimotor learning involves routing stimulus information first to the sensory striatum, and then to frontal motor circuits.
2412h agoThe brain encodes hierarchical event sequences by using separate neural representations for global and local positions, with global positions linked to longer neural timescales and local positions tied to more detailed event information.
2412h agoIncreased alpha power before a complex search display is associated with faster search performance, and may reflect increased top-down control supporting visual search.
2412h agoCholinergic signaling in the neocortex reorganizes in specific frontal cortical areas as mice learn a visual task, leading to improved performance.
2412h agoEndocytosis remodels the neuronal surface proteome by removing and recycling over 1,100 proteins to drive cellular processes such as developmental axon pruning and axon targeting.
2412h agoPrimary cilia play a crucial role in mediating neuronal homeostatic plasticity, and dysfunction in these organelles impairs the ability of neurons to regulate their activity levels.
2424h agoAccurate segmentation of neurons and non-neuronal cells requires careful parameter tuning and a manual review, as automated methods have distinct strengths, weaknesses, and error patterns.
2424h agoNPYLR7 in rectal cells of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes helps sense nutritional cues and regulate egg development by communicating with the nervous system.
2424h agoMetaKSSD accelerates metagenomic profiling by combining k-mer sketching with marker-based methods.
2428h agoCombining gradient-echo BOLD with VASO contrast allows for differentiation between neural activity-related BOLD signals and those biased by draining veins, enabling the mapping of circuit-level mechanisms of memory retrieval in the hippocampus.
2428h agoBiogenic amines, such as octopamine, tyramine, dopamine, and serotonin, regulate learning and plasticity in honey bees by working together in the brain, and differences in these chemicals' responses predict how quickly bees learn to associate odors with rewards.
2428h agoVascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease is driven by transcriptional changes in brain endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, which emerge early in the disease process and respond differently to beta-amyloid and tau pathology.
2428h agoDNAm levels in peripheral blood can inform brain cell type proportions, and correlations exist between blood and brain DNAm profiles, especially for immune cell types.
2428h agoCaloric restriction and resveratrol supplementation have limited effects on Alzheimer's disease-related pathology, with caloric restriction showing modest cognitive improvements and distinct effects on brain functional connectivity.
2428h agoThe map of the missing limb in the somatosensory cortex remains stable after arm amputation, with no reorganization of the hand or face areas.
2432h agoThe language network in the brain reorganizes itself after a stroke, with areas of disconnection in white matter tracts linked to language deficits, and this reorganization continues over time as language abilities recover.
2436h agoGABAergic neuronal excitability determines lithium responsiveness in bipolar disorder and shapes the emergence of state-shift dynamics in neural networks.
2436h agoAttention changes the way we perceive the world by reshaping the representation of entire perceptual spaces, expanding the representation around attended stimuli and compressing it around unattended ones.
2436h agoInhibiting VP GABAergic neurons increases defensive responses to threats, and these neurons actively inhibit defensive responses to allow reward seeking.
2436h agoEarly physical contact between caregivers and offspring induces a calming response that helps regulate emotions and stress, but this response depends on prior experience of such contact.
2436h agoMales and females with autism spectrum disorder show different patterns of altered brain connectivity, which are associated with different behavioral traits.
2436h agoDNA methylation changes in oligodendrocytes are associated with Alzheimer's disease and impact gene expression across multiple brain regions and disease stages.
2436h agoPre-sensory spontaneous activity helps establish and drive the maturation of central sensory pathways by sculpting connections between neurons and enabling postsynaptic targets to acquire their mature functional properties.
2436h agoThe lateral habenula's pathway to the ventral tegmental area provides aversive predicting signals that are required for learning to avoid unpleasant situations and for coping with difficult conditions.
2436h agoA unified theory of language combines Bayesian cognitive linguistics with sexual selection to explain language's speed, expressivity, and diversity, and how it underlies human culture, cooperation, and emotions.
2440h agoMotivation and value in AI systems arise from the exploitation of thermodynamic computation, where cognitive and physical dynamics are inseparable, and this is lacking in simulated agents, leading to pathologies like reward hacking.
2440h agoA tailored spiking neural network called SNNDeep achieves a maximum validation accuracy of 98.35% in classifying liver health status from computed tomography features.
2440h agoAdaptive segmentation of EEG data improves seizure detection performance compared to fixed-length approaches.
2440h agoStress mitigation is key to preventing pathologies, and a new framework suggests that returning cancer cells to normal tissue control could be a therapeutic approach.
2440h agoAI and Cognitive Science have a reciprocal relationship, with AI progress emphasizing practical task performance but lacking a cohesive cognitive foundation, suggesting that future AI development should focus on understanding the human mind.
2440h agoThe human brain performs functional computations by subtly modifying the interactions among brain regions, allowing it to carry out a wide range of functions without drastically changing its energy consumption.
2440h agoA possible path to scalable aligned artificial intelligence is to enable artificial agents to learn a good model of the world, including a good model of human preferences, through structure learning and theory of mind.
2440h agoThe novel hyperbolic embedding framework preserves the global multilayer structure of complex systems, enabling detailed analysis and comparisons within and across layers.
2440h agoThe analysis of a bibliographic database reveals the continuous growth in popularity of recurrence plots and related methods, as well as the emergence and decline of topical subjects over time.
2440h agoThe KZ differential equations with parameter κ=±2 have a correspondence that allows studying their solutions on lower weight subspaces, and this helps to analyze p-curvature operators and solution spaces in characteristic p.
2440h agoThe Reshetikhin condition implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities in quantum spin chains with finite-range interactions.
2440h agoSelf-organized turbulence can create structured patterns in nature through complexity, and simulations of coupled oscillators show that emergent structures can exhibit universal scaling laws.
2440h agoLaminar chaos, a low-dimensional phenomenon, occurs in systems with random and chaotically time-varying delay, and its properties can be understood through circle maps with quenched disorder.
2440h agoActive matter's ability to process information is optimal when its dynamics are just below a critical damping threshold, allowing it to robustly compute and infer future states of chaotic signals.
2440h agoProjective transformation invariants are used to construct nonlinear evolution equations, identify symmetry-integrable equations, and connect them to a fully-nonlinear 3rd-order equation.
2440h agoThe Schur polynomials of (g,π)-type are used to derive a Sato-Zhou type formula for tau functions of the Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy of g-type, which are linear combinations of the Schur polynomials with coefficients being the Plücker coordinates.
2440h agoA universal formula is derived for overlaps between integrable matrix product states and Bethe eigenstates in symmetric spin chains.
2440h agoRandom matrix product unitary ensembles reproduce the randomness of quantum systems, showing freeness for local observables with just a few degrees of complexity, but require more complexity for traceless observables.
2440h agoEngineers construct an electrical lattice with flat bands and generate compact localized states within it, which can be excited in isolation via a two-node driving at specific frequencies.
2440h agoThe boson peak in silica glass is governed by near-isostatic constraints and marginal stability, which are universal principles that explain its anomalous material properties.
2440h agoThe calculation of specific heat of liquids and glasses by first-principles molecular dynamics simulations provides a universal method to determine this thermodynamic property, but atom relaxation and metastable states cause difficulties in accurately predicting it.
2440h agoDisorder enhances ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic metal with repulsive interactions at zero temperature, and can also induce a ferromagnetic ground state in a non-ferromagnetic system, with a possible spin-glass phase emerging at finite temperature.
2440h agoFeature learning in neural networks involves changes in the distance between class manifolds in feature space and in the microscopic learnable parameters, and these changes depend on the temperature and data.
2440h agoA machine learning framework predicts chemical composition from 4D-STEM diffraction patterns, allowing for non-destructive and high-throughput materials characterization.
2440h agoMany-body localization in two dimensions is stable under quasiperiodic disorder but not under random disorder, with its crossover point shifting to higher disorder strength as system size increases under random disorder.
2440h agoMulti-scale graph embeddings allow low-dimensional representations of network data that remain consistent under changes in resolution, but existing methods have limitations when the input network is not entirely observable and needs to be reconstructed from aggregate information.
2440h agoThe multicritical contact process exhibits universal behavior with ultra-slow, activated dynamical scaling, and belongs to the same universality class as the multicritical quantum Ising model.
2440h agoThe human brain performs functional computations by subtly modifying the interactions among brain regions, allowing it to carry out a wide range of functions without drastically changing its energy consumption.
2440h agoHebbian learning leads to a rich class of emergent behavior in the contact process, where local incentives can lead to opposite global effects, and negative reinforcement can promote activity spreading but also create immune regions.
2440h agoA new type of quantum circuit, called tree-unitary gates, preserves symmetries of tree graphs and allows for exactly solvable dynamics with a trade-off between fast information spread and multi-directional correlations.
2440h agoIncreasing L2 regularization in Deep Neural Networks causes a phase transition into the under-parametrized phase, which explains the onset-of-learning and is linked to the phenomenon of 'grokking' where models get stuck in a local minimum.
2440h agoFragility is more closely linked to the contrast in individual particle mobility than to the spatial extent of dynamic correlations.
2440h agoLithium isotopes have different effects on brain activity, with one isotope having a large opposite effect on how brain cells communicate compared to the other.
2440h agoParental childhood maltreatment affects the brain development of their children in a sex-specific way, with maternal emotional abuse linking to lower brain development in sons and paternal physical neglect linking to lower brain development in daughters.
2440h agoNeutrophil-derived C5a signaling through microglial C5aR1 drives early motor neuron dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica by recruiting neutrophils and activating microglia.
2440h agoAntidepressant and placebo treatments change how different parts of the brain communicate with each other, with some changes being general and others specific to the treatment or patient response.
2440h agoThe quality of evidence influences the speed and movement of eye saccades, and saccade velocity varies with the difficulty of identifying and responding to visual stimuli.
2440h agoMutant LRRK2 disrupts dopamine release in vulnerable neurons by increasing phosphorylation of RAB3 proteins, leading to cell-autonomous dysfunctions in dopamine-producing neurons.
2440h agoPeople can adapt their walking style to a new energy landscape, but having broad experience in one landscape does not automatically lead to optimal adjustments in similar but different conditions.
2440h agoPeople with more autistic traits who use more strategies to hide their social difficulties have abnormal brain connections that can lead to depression and anxiety.
2440h agoPolitical orientation and empathy influence moral judgments and neural processing of socially relevant information, with conservatives and progressives differing in motivational salience attribution.
2440h agoAging causes lipid accumulation in brain endothelial cells, which impairs their function, leads to inflammation and cellular senescence, and contributes to cerebrovascular aging.
2440h agoAn itch response triggered by the immune system leads to rapid removal of ticks from the host, offering a potential approach to preventing tick-borne diseases.
2440h agoIncreased feeding during pregnancy is caused by changes in specific brain cells, namely the activation of AgRP neurons and the inhibition of POMC neurons.
2440h agoLSTM-based models provide consistent and trustworthy estimates of uncertainty in automatic sleep staging from EEG signals, while EEGNet is suitable for lightweight deployment.
2440h agoHaving a strong ethnic identity is linked to better psychological well-being, and those with a strong ethnic identity are more resilient to the negative effects of discrimination on their mental health.
2440h agoMultishell dMRI analysis offers slightly greater sensitivity to amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease than single-shell analysis, but shows no major advantage in detecting cognitive impairment and tau pathology.
2440h agoMemory recall depends on brain-environment interactions, with the environment playing a key role in the process, as recalling events is linked to specific spatial locations and gaze patterns.
2440h agoBrief neural events called beta bursts play a role in inhibiting actions and supporting goal-directed behaviour, and occur in a brain-wide pattern when people interact with their smartphones.
2440h agoBrief sleep loss after learning disrupts hippocampus-dependent memory processing by altering the synaptic connectivity of SST interneurons in the lateral entorhinal cortex, a key input to the hippocampus.
2448h agoNeuroimmune activation, characterised by the expansion of a high-SNCA-expressing microglial state, occurs early in Parkinson's disease and is triggered by oligomeric synuclein, leading to inflammation and mitochondrial suppression.
2448h agoType I interferon signaling is more active in females with Alzheimer's disease and contributes to the greater burden of the disease in women.
2448h agoCDKL5 is targeted to synapses through interactions with PSD-95, SHANK proteins, and talin, and its activity may be spatially regulated through talin-mediated mechanical signalling.
2456h agoLoss of PINK1 function leads to excess cholesterol biosynthesis, which accumulates in neuronal membranes, reduces neurotransmitter uptake, and alters dopamine transporter distribution.
2460h agoRepeated exposure to stress during adolescence impairs the ability of neurons in the brain to sustain activity, leading to disruptions in attention and working memory, by altering the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals.
2460h agoHabitual video game play enhances learning from feedback, especially in uncertain situations, and improves the ability to make good decisions based on rewards.
2460h agoMitochondrial structural remodeling helps meet the energy demands of synaptic and network function by increasing energy production and ATP levels.
2460h agoAlpha-synuclein overexpression causes different effects in different cell types, with the A53T mutant consistently inducing cytotoxicity, while wild-type alpha-synuclein either enhances or impairs mitochondrial function depending on the cellular context.
2460h agoThe endocannabinoid system is associated with pressure pain thresholds, with certain endocannabinoid levels linked to individual pain sensitivity.
2460h agoMutations in the LAMA2 gene cause merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy by disrupting laminin-211 production, leading to muscle weakness, fibrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes, with complete deficiency linked to more severe and distinct gene expression changes.
2460h agoRutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles, but not anatase, cause cell death in specific brain cells, including astroglia and microglia, at concentrations above 10 g/mL.
2460h agoThe choroid plexus undergoes major changes in cellular composition, gene expression, and immune cell diversity from neonatal to adult stages, including the early activation of host-defense genes and the emergence of new epithelial cell subtypes.
2460h agoThe accumulation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease is surrounded by a dense ring of cells, but the plaque core remains diffusionally penetrable.
2460h agoA recurrent neural network corrects the errors of a surrogate Hodgkin-Huxley model, accurately recovering membrane voltage and ion channel dynamics.
2464h agoA new large-scale EEG dataset collected using affordable hardware demonstrates that decoding high-level semantic information from EEG signals and reconstructing images is possible with low-cost equipment.
2464h agoQuantum computing offers a competitive alternative for analyzing high-dimensional neural recording data and constructing functional networks.
2464h agoA data-driven method leveraging score-based generative modeling accurately reproduces the statistical properties and temporal correlations of cyclo-stationary time series, enabling efficient generation of synthetic trajectories.
2464h agoLong-range correlations in sentence length are not a fundamental feature of natural language or a reliable marker of literary style.
2464h agoA method using a beam with non-linear dynamics and an external harmonic driver extracts a frequency comb through a process called injection pulling, leading to a SNIC bifurcation.
2464h agoThe isotropic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg chain with a single edge-coupled impurity exhibits four phases: a Kondo phase and an antiferromagnetic bound-mode phase for antiferromagnetic couplings, and a local-moment phase and a ferromagnetic bound-mode phase for ferromagnetic couplings.
2464h agoNon-locality in a Hamiltonian can drive a system into a typical state, but it can also destroy quantum correlation, suggesting that quantum thermalization does not require quantum chaoticity.
2464h agoA chip-scale photonic extreme learning machine based on wave chaos interference can process information in a compact, parallel, and ultra-fast way.
2464h agoThe lens hyperbolic gamma solution satisfies the star-star relation and the flipping relation in three-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories.
2464h agoA recurrent neural network corrects the errors of a surrogate Hodgkin-Huxley model, accurately recovering membrane voltage and ion channel dynamics.
2464h agoThe change of basis from decaying solutions to Floquet solutions in Heun-type equations allows for the explicit computation of the phase acquired by Floquet solutions and the derivation of its series representation.
2464h agoAnimals that synchronize their behaviors, such as during mating rituals, may gain benefits like attracting mates, but also risk losing individuality, and a model shows that groups can tolerate only a limited number of individuals who cheat by not fully synchronizing.
2464h agoVibrations in active elastic media grow in wavelength, period, and amplitude over time through a process called wave coarsening, eventually forming a globally synchronized state.
2464h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a disordered background, and allows for stationary solutions with multiple bumps and quasiperiodic multi-tsunami backgrounds.
2464h agoA novel data-driven framework combines the Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem with score-based generative modeling to accurately estimate how small external changes affect the higher-order moments of nonlinear stochastic systems.
2464h agoThe study develops simulation methods to investigate protein dynamics and thermal exchanges within heterogeneous cell membranes, tracking individual protein movement, concentration fluctuations, and temperature variations.
2464h agoA semimagnetic topological insulator exhibits a half-quantized Hall effect that remains robust in weakly disordered systems, and it also shows a marginal metallic phase that challenges existing localization theories.
2464h agoMagnetic systems with diffusing skyrmions can realize multi-value probabilistic computing by creating a tunable discrete probability distribution.
2464h agoA chip-scale photonic extreme learning machine based on wave chaos interference can process information in a compact, parallel, and ultra-fast way.
2464h agoIntegrable quantum circuits with a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ impurity exhibit two distinct phases, and bulk dephasing noise leads to the quantum Zeno effect, slowing down impurity magnetization dynamics in the long time limit.
2464h agoNon-Hermitian systems allow wave propagation even when energy eigenstates are localized, and exhibit novel universal scaling behaviors in wave propagation that differ from Hermitian systems.
2464h agoPKD2L1 channels in cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons are sensitive to pH changes and generate both phasic and tonic currents that modulate the neurons' excitability.
2464h agoMutations in the PTEN gene cause neurodevelopmental disorders by activating the ARP2/3 complex through mTORC1 and mTORC2, leading to changes in neural cells that can be rescued by inhibiting ARP2/3.
2464h agoHumans adjust their blinking to prioritize important visual input, balancing stimulus characteristics and personal goals, and this ability to optimize blink timing improves with age until early adulthood and then declines.
2464h agoMicroglial response to damage signals and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines varies by brain region after TMEV infection.
2464h agoThe presence of a distracting stimulus reduces the initial visual processing of a target stimulus, and the brain later actively suppresses the distracting stimulus to focus on the target.
2468h agoA digital twin framework enables real-time interpretation of spectroscopic data in chemical characterization by linking theory and experimental data through a bidirectional feedback loop.
2472h agoAge-related cognitive decline may arise from increased variability of neural responses, with older mice showing more variable response times, increased firing rates, and decreased variability quenching across multiple brain regions.
2472h agoHuman brain development follows two main patterns: aperiodic activity decreases with age, while periodic activity grows and then declines, with both components stabilizing around age 40.
2472h agoNo changes are made since the provided text is a citation and does not contain a paragraph to summarize. If you provide the actual paragraph about "Dynamics of mature myelin", I can help you create a simple sentence summary.
2476h agoCASTLE, a label-free pipeline, accurately quantifies animal behavior by generating detailed descriptors of movement and identifying distinct behavioral classes without predefined categories.
2476h agoMedaka and zebrafish have different visual motion processing abilities that help them adapt to their environments, with medaka being better at detecting objects in their social group and zebrafish being better at detecting background motion for navigation.
2476h agoAnodal stimulation of the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ) improves phonemic fluency, with benefits greatest for individuals with lower fluid intelligence.
2476h agoThe human brain cycles through different networks every second during rest and tasks, allowing it to engage essential cognitive functions at a speed linked to genetics and age.
2480h agoTwo distinct subtypes of psychosis with different brain abnormalities and clinical characteristics are identified, one with moderate enlargement of surface area in frontal and parietal areas and the other with markedly smaller surface areas and subcortical volumes.
2480h agoLoss of FMR1 gene expression disrupts the normal interaction between NMDA receptors and SK channels, leading to abnormal synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of Fmr1 KO mice.
2480h agoThe brain combines grid codes and place codes to navigate complex environments, and a new computational theory called topology-aware grid coding (TAG) enables grid codes to generalize across environments with the same topological structure but different geometry.
2480h agoPeople who are better at extinguishing fear have different brain activity patterns, specifically in the ventral striatum, which helps them learn safety faster.
2480h agoA new modeling framework predicts individual Alzheimer's disease trajectories from sparse clinical data, detecting early signs of disease more accurately and tracking changes in biomarker trajectories.
2480h agoMelody formation in multi-voice music listening happens through an attention-guided statistical integration mechanism that dynamically combines competing musical streams.
2480h agoSporadic and LRRK2-associated Parkinson's Disease have different molecular profiles, with distinct inflammatory signals in blood and CSF, that are associated with tau pathology.
2480h agoMarker fidelity varies substantially across cortical regions, and a new statistical framework identifies improved markers for six major brain cell types with consistent expression across regions.
2480h agoHarmonic sensitivity is present in the primary auditory cortex (A1) layer 4 and is not unique to the secondary auditory cortex (A2), with neurons in A1 layer 4 showing robust spectral integration and harmonic sensitivity.
2480h agoRhesus macaques provide a useful model to understand how the human brain decodes facial expressions, with similar behavioral responses to humans and neural activity that predicts facial expression discrimination.
2484h agoCannabidiol decreases seizures by reducing neuronal firing and activity propagation in the hippocampus through mechanisms that involve GPR55 and increased recruitment of inhibitory neurons.
2484h agoNeural motifs in the primary auditory cortex represent sensory stimuli and task variables in parallel with single-unit activity, providing different levels of coding granularity with distinct information.
2484h agoTuberous Sclerosis Complex brain network dysfunctions start with increased firing and altered excitability of a specific type of nerve cell, which can be prevented by inhibiting overproliferation of its progenitors.
2484h agoThe brain uses two types of place cell sequences to plan and guide navigation, one stereotypic and the other goal-directed, which predict upcoming trajectories to remembered goals.
2484h agoAnimals monitor and integrate dynamic sensory information to guide behavior through a process called active sensing, where sensory information supports motor planning through mechanisms that remain poorly understood.
2484h agoDual inhibition of sEH and COX-2 with PTUPB improves cognition in Alzheimer's disease by enhancing myogenic responses and increasing cerebral artery distensibility.
2484h agoThe ComBat-Predict method effectively harmonizes brain imaging data from different study sites, allowing for accurate prediction of cortical thickness measures and reducing site-related bias.
2484h agoNLX-112 treatment improves motor function, slows disease progression, and provides neuroprotection in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.
2484h agoSaccades tend to avoid crossing earlier eye movements in a scan path, a phenomenon called self-crossing avoidance, which facilitates exploration of visual scenes.
2488h agoA new large-scale EEG dataset, collected using affordable consumer-grade equipment, shows that deep neural network-based brain-computer interfaces and semantic decoding methods can be effectively conducted with low-cost hardware.
2488h agoA topological framework integrating Transfer Entropy and directed Persistent Homology characterizes information flow in spiking neural systems, revealing distinctions in task complexity, stimulus structure, and behavioral regime.
2488h agoDeep artificial neural networks trained to perform interval timing tasks develop internal oscillatory neural activations similar to those found in biological systems.
2488h agoRecurrent neural networks with a modular structure, specifically those with a global workspace topology, have relaxed stability conditions and show strong test performance and resilience to removal of individual subnetworks.
2488h agoAn endovascular brain-computer interface can record neural activity related to eye movements and translate it into control commands in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
2488h agoHigh reflection rates at steep beaches tend to stabilize the formation of extreme nonlinear waves by controlling excess kurtosis generated by shoaling.
2488h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a rocky-desert-like disordered background, with applications to plasma physics and superconductors.
2488h agoPoincare waves have nonlinear interactions that follow four-wave interactions, leading to energy transfer and saturation effects.
2488h agoThe orbits of a discrete Painlev\'e equation over finite fields lie on algebraic curves with genus less than or equal to one and satisfy the Hasse bound.
2488h agoBoltzmann's 1868 example of a system described by the microcanonical ensemble was incorrect because it assumed constants of motion are smooth functions.
2488h agoThe Painlev\'{e} I hierarchy has two approaches, isomonodromic construction and minimal models construction, which are connected through an explicit correspondence that identifies the setups and provides new expressions for Lax matrices and Hamiltonians.
2488h agoTwo integral representations for the wave functions of the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system are equivalent.
2488h agoNonlinear wave and beam equations have time-periodic solutions with a fractal-like structure, including a new class of large-energy solutions that can be linearly stable.
2488h agoCoherent states projected in the energy eigenbasis of the spin-boson Dicke Hamiltonian exhibit ergodic and multifractal behavior that reflects details of the classical phase space structure, including chaos, regularity, and localization.
2488h agoBethe wavefunctions can be decomposed into simple products of local wavefunctions, allowing for exact and analytical representations as tensor networks and adaptive quantum circuits.
2488h agoPerturbations in a compressible gas approximately follow a system of dispersive nonlinear wave equations, and their behavior depends on the amplitude of the initial data, with shock formation occurring for larger data but not for moderate-amplitude data.
2488h agoA supersonic flow of a Lee-Huang-Yang quantum fluid past an obstacle generates linear radiation and oblique dark solitons, which can be accurately described by a modified Kelvin theory and analytically obtained through transformation of the 1D soliton solution.
2488h agoNonlinear dynamical systems with continuous variables can solve combinatorial optimization problems more accurately and quickly by harnessing the edge of chaos, achieving almost 100% success probabilities for some large-scale problems in as little as 10 milliseconds.
2488h agoThe localization properties of eigenmodes in one-dimensional random geometric graphs are comprehensively understood through an investigation of density of states, participation ratio, and related factors.
2488h agoDefects in conformal field theories can be uplifted to defects in a supersymmetic theory of higher dimensions, resulting in two distinct uplifted defects of different dimensions.
2488h agoA new approach maps deep neural networks to quantum electrodynamics, relating neural activations and weights to fermionic matter and gauge fields, and identifying stability thresholds with gauge-dependent amplification factors.
2488h agoThe Heun algorithm remains a benchmark for integrating stochastic differential equations due to its robust performance.
2488h agoDense associative memory models can learn interpretable solutions to classification problems and a novel regularization scheme makes their training more stable.
2488h agoA novel framework coupling statistical physics with metagenomic data reveals that healthy microbiomes have strong species interactions and abundance diversity, while diseased microbiomes show greater variability driven by deterministic factors, resulting in less ecologically stable communities.
2488h agoRényi complexity, a measure of disorder, relates to free energy differences in mean-field disordered models and vanishes at the Kauzmann transition temperature for models with one-step replica symmetry breaking.
2488h agoThe many-body localization transition in the quantum Ising model with long-range interaction occurs at a certain disorder threshold, which can be estimated with logarithmic accuracy.
2488h agoA $30^{\circ}$ twisted bilayer formed by two Haldane models retains its topological properties at weak interlayer coupling but exhibits a closed energy gap and multiple localized states at strong interlayer coupling.
2488h agoDisorder acts as insulation against the non-Hermitian skin effect, preventing edge localisation for small imaginary gauge potentials in one-dimensional block disordered subwavelength resonator systems with non-reciprocal damping.
2488h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex neurons that project to the thalamus and express Foxp2 play a key role in regulating pain sensitivity and are deactivated in both acute and chronic pain.
2492h agoThe hippocampal network rapidly switches between relying on internal sense of location and on visual cues to update location and velocity within cycles of brain waves.
2496h agoThe hippocampus uses distinct computations to control two modes of theta phase coding during navigation.
2496h agoA pharmacophore-oriented 3D molecular generation method efficiently generates diverse, drug-like molecules and identifies new inhibitors in real-world drug discovery.
2500h agoHost cone bipolar cells in the primate macula can rewire with transplanted photoreceptors, forming functional synapses and rebuilding ON- and OFF-pathway connectivity.
2500h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) shows similar neural activation patterns when people respond to questionnaire items from the same psychological scale, and it encodes both categorical and graded psychological similarities among scales during self-report.
2500h agoGamma audiovisual stimulation at 40 Hz improves attention performance by increasing gamma activity, decreasing arousal, and enhancing functional connectivity associated with attention processes.
2508h agoSyllable-specific neurons in the songbird auditory system integrate multiple stimulus features over hundreds of milliseconds by functioning as coincidence detectors that rely on post-inhibitory facilitation, persistent network activity, and a dynamic interplay between intrinsic neuronal properties and convergent synaptic inputs.
2508h agoElectrical synapses between thalamic reticular nucleus neurons regulate thalamocortical relay by modulating responses to sensory inputs, increasing response rates and duration, and reducing spike correlation in the cortex.
2508h agoThe study found that a specific genetic risk factor, the 15q13.3 microdeletion, leads to the involvement of certain brain cells, particularly GABAergic neurons, in mice, which may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders.
2508h agoThe brain switches between two modes of time processing, independence and coherence, by adjusting communication across different subspaces in the fronto-parietal network.
2508h agoExcessive screen time at age two relates to smaller brain volumes in language areas and poorer language outcomes, which in turn predict greater screen time usage at age three.
2508h agoStriatal disinhibition induces motor tics in mice by causing aberrant activity that is transmitted to the insular cortex, leading to motor-limbic circuit dysfunction.
2508h agoStroking by a human induces brain activation in anaesthetised pigs, and pigs with previous positive human contact may perceive it as more pleasant than pigs without such experience.
2508h agoAnesthetics cause unconsciousness by destabilizing the dynamics of neural population activity in the cortex, leading to slower recovery from sensory perturbations and changes in brain wave patterns.
2508h agoThe Dynamic Morph-Aware Convolution (DMAC) framework accurately reconstructs neuronal morphology from 3D light microscopy by adapting convolution kernels to the complex geometry of neuronal arbors.
2508h agoM5 receptor activation alleviates Parkinson's disease motor symptoms, such as forepaw asymmetry, bradykinesia, and gait problems, without causing or worsening dyskinesia.
2508h agoHippocampal theta sweeps provide a neural basis for planning future movements based on goals, not just current movement or head direction.
2508h agoPeople's ability to perceive external disturbances affects their balance, with those who can perceive smaller disturbances having better balance performance when faced with small challenges.
2508h agoThe visual number form area (ITG-math) responds more strongly to numerosity tasks than color tasks, and its role in mathematical cognition goes beyond just encoding digits.
2508h agoA modular neuroimaging framework integrating principles from foundation models with efficient architectures accurately predicts age and cognitive performance from resting-state fMRI data, outperforming existing methods.
2512h agoBrainPath, a 3D generative framework, predicts anatomically faithful MRIs at any timepoint from a single baseline scan, capturing realistic and temporally consistent individual brain aging trajectories.
2512h agoNetwork science has its most direct application in nanoscale connectomics, where it provides concrete biological interpretations of core network concepts, enabling biologically grounded analyses of circuit structure and function.
2512h agoThe brain synchronizes its internal model with the environment through Bayesian inference, but this doesn't mean it creates an exact copy, instead it aims for behavioural equivalence to minimize prediction error.
2512h agoHybrid quantum algorithms can provide a competitive alternative to classical methods for recovering neurologically relevant networks from high-dimensional neural recording data.
2512h agoAI models develop brain-like representations when they are large, trained on many human-centric images, and have sufficient training, with their development following a specific chronology that mirrors the human brain's structure and function.
2512h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations of a wide range of semantic concepts using well-characterized images, expanding the capacity to model human visual experience.
2512h agoNeural networks on random graphs have a mean-field limit that resembles a Wilson-Cowan neural field equation, where the state variables are the mean and variance of neuronal activity.
2512h agoCausal Dynamic Resonance helps detect information flow among components of complex systems by reducing false positives in causality measures.
2512h agoAn autoencoder-based method estimates the phase of limit-cycle oscillators from partial observations, enabling effective feedback control of oscillator synchronization.
2512h agoA vectorial Darboux transformation is derived for an integrable matrix version of the Fokas-Lenells equation, allowing for the systematic determination of exact solutions including breathers, dark solitons, rogue waves, and beating solitons.
2512h agoNon-local interactions in a coupled oscillators model lead to a phase transition with an order parameter scaling exponent of 1/2 and a diverging relaxation time.
2512h agoOmnivory and interaction structure in a tri-trophic food web critically affect ecosystem complexity and resilience by modulating stability through complex dynamical behaviors and bifurcation structures.
2512h agoFs-laser radiation causes changes in surface morphology of semiconductors with different band gaps, resulting in the formation of low and high spatial frequency LIPSS and other structures.
2512h agoLarge-scale turbulent flows in two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence determine the essential resolution of observation needed to reconstruct small-scale flows, which is close to the forcing scale, not the dissipation scale.
2512h agoEngineered spin Kitaev models exhibit polarization-dependent spin transport and chiral solitons, enabling new opportunities for simulating transport in curved spaces and applications in spintronics and quantum sensing.
2512h agoBiodiversity can be maintained when species adaptively regulate their mobility through learned behaviors, allowing them to coexist stably across a range of migration rates.
2512h agoA new algorithm, called generalized simulated bifurcation (GSB), solves large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with almost 100% success probability by harnessing the edge of chaos, allowing it to find solutions ultrafast, in 10 milliseconds for a 2,000-variable problem.
2512h agoA successful furrow formation in Drosophila embryo requires an apical tension gradient, decreased basal tension, and increased lateral tension.
2512h agoThe first nonlinear stage of modulation instability of periodic waves shows universal behavior, described by adiabatic deformations of the Akhmediev breather solution, and involves wave growth, fission, fusion, and decay, with fission and fusion resembling multidimensional wave breaking and phase transitions.
2512h agoLarge perturbations can push a power grid into an unstable state, and researchers have identified a new class of highly vulnerable nodes in power grids that are susceptible to such disruptions.
2512h agoScientists have established conditions for reaction-cross-diffusion systems to form spatiotemporal patterns and have developed a framework for designing systems with specific patterns.
2512h agoGaussian process regression with specially designed kernel functions accurately estimates the interaction functions of coupled phase oscillators from limited or biased data, enabling better understanding and prediction of rhythmic phenomena.
2512h agoNon-degenerate bright solitons emerge in a two-component long-wave-short-wave resonance interaction model, exhibiting novel profile structures and undergoing elastic collisions.
2512h agoA local driving mechanism called non-reciprocal driving accelerates solitons and antisolitons in the same direction, and this mechanism can be used to transmit and filter unidirectional information.
2512h agoBreathing solitons can persist for arbitrarily long times in non-reciprocal, non-conservative active metamaterials when a delicate balance between energy injection and dissipation is struck.
2512h agoTopologically nontrivial energy minimizing maps exist from bounded domains in the plane to a sphere, describing magnetizations in ultrathin ferromagnetic films with specific interactions.
2512h agoEnergy-band thermalization implies that an observable thermalizes in almost all physical states over accessible timescales, and can be efficiently measured in experiments with limited resources.
2512h agoThe Landau-Zener formula's exponential form comes from integrability, which leads to a functional equation that establishes the formula's structure, and a simple perturbation calculation determines its coefficient.
2512h agoBiodiversity can be maintained when species adaptively regulate their mobility through learned behaviors, allowing them to coexist stably across a range of migration rates.
2512h agoMessage passing neural networks perform poorly under heterophily and structural bottlenecks in graphs because their signal-to-noise ratio is limited by higher-order homophily and interactions between bottlenecks and class labels.
2512h agoThe electrical conductivity of V$_{1-x}$Al$_x$ alloys shows a crossover to a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity, which follows the Mooij correlation and is caused by a non-Boltzmann contribution.
2512h agoEnergy-dependent hysteresis exists in an isolated Heisenberg quantum spin system, similar to thermomagnetic hysteresis in spin glasses, and an annealing protocol can control the energy in this system.
2512h agoPopulation annealing outperforms simulated annealing in finding minimum energy configurations in the diluted Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Ising model, especially near the peak of model hardness.
2512h agoLearning atomic contributions to electronic density of states improves the efficiency, accuracy, and interpretability of predicting material properties.
2512h agoProbabilistic Graphical Models outperform Graph Neural Networks when input features are low-dimensional or noisy, and are more robust to increasing graph heterophily.
2512h agoThe connection between structure and dynamics is more closely linked to the contrast in individual particle mobility than to the spatial extent of dynamic correlations in glass transition.
2512h agoEarly stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex interferes with conscious tactile detection, but only when applied shortly after tactile input.
2512h agoCorrelation-based features of electrocorticographic high-gamma signals provide greater long-term stability and robustness for detecting neural voice activity than high-gamma log-power features.
2512h agoElevated levels of the AETA peptide are associated with synaptic dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease pathology, particularly in females.
2512h agoMotor neurons vulnerable to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis undergo thousands of molecular changes, transitioning into a novel cell state called 'disease-associated motor neurons', with distinct transcription factor regulatory networks and early interactions with reactive glia.
2512h agoMetformin treatment improves symptoms and reduces harmful protein levels in mice with spinocerebellar ataxia type 8, a debilitating neurological disease.
2512h agoA wireless magnetomechanical approach uses biocompatible nanoscale magnetite nanodiscs to stimulate brain activity remotely and reversibly, restoring motor function in mice with a severe Parkinson's-like condition.
2512h agoOlder age is linked to better emotional regulation, but this link is altered in people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and racial minority groups, who show heightened stress-related brain activity.
2512h agoA specific neuron, the Sustain neuron, coordinates swallowing to efficiently move food through the mouth and throat, allowing animals to sustain long feeding bursts when deprived of protein.
2516h agoThe gustatory system in Drosophila has a complete wiring diagram that connects sensory input to behaviors like feeding, foraging, and social interactions.
2516h agoPARP inhibitors cause rod photoreceptor toxicity in a mouse model for autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa, and this effect is independent of rhodopsin expression.
2516h agoA novel framework decodes decision-making processes from hundreds of simultaneously recorded neuronal channels, revealing distinct neural coding roles in the brain's prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.
2520h agoMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) stimulate sensory neurons, contributing to pain during inflammation, by inducing intracellular Ca2+ release through activation of specific receptors.
2524h agoPeople with Parkinson's disease have impaired sensory gating during standing balance, which is essential for postural control, and this impairment is not seen in older or young adults.
2524h agoASCL1 expression reprograms adult macaque Muller glia into functional neurons that can fire action potentials and express retinal ganglion cell markers.
2524h agomiR-23b disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity, and inhibiting it enhances barrier function and repair in brain endothelial cells, leading to improved outcomes in stroke models.
2524h agoMale Drosophilid flies have a courtship behavior sequence that includes stillness, a rhythmic wing movement called "waggling", and singing, with specific neurons controlling this sequence.
2524h agoCareful selection of parameters in graph signal processing is crucial, and power spectral density and structural decoupling index are the most effective feature types for identifying individual subjects.
2524h agoGaze is anchored to a target object during reaching movements, and the timing of this anchoring depends on the type of target and the coordination of hand movements.
2524h agoA deep active optimization pipeline effectively tackles high-dimensional, complex problems with limited data, achieving optimal solutions in up to 2,000 dimensions.
2528h agoMutations in voltage-gated sodium channels cause a range of seizure conditions, and a specific mutation in a fly gene causes dominant seizure activity that can be suppressed with dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.
2528h agoReelin controls the directional orientation, intracellular localization, and length of primary cilia in principal neurons in the cerebral cortex.
2532h agoCoupling neuronal and synaptic dynamics enables a novel form of working memory through persistent oscillations in neural networks with ongoing plasticity.
2532h agoThe lateral frontal pole (FPl) region of the brain plays a key role in integrating emotion signals with goal information during threat anticipation to support goal-directed action.
2532h agoA new AI-driven approach using Vision Transformers accurately classifies children's engagement in early childhood education by analyzing visual cues such as gaze direction and peer collaboration.
2536h agoA Deep Reinforcement Learning agent trained to perform an interval timing task exhibits oscillatory neural activations similar to those found in biological systems, and uses a time-keeping strategy comparable to the Striatal Beat Frequency model.
2536h agoLanguage serves as a collectively formed external representation, with its embedded distributional semantics, and emerges from and shapes group-level cognition through collective memory and attention.
2536h agoImagining temperature sensations triggers similar neural activity in the sensorimotor cortex as actual thermal perception, with both real and imagined sensations showing comparable event-related desynchronization of the sensorimotor mu-rhythm.
2536h agoA new technique called ML-PWS combines Machine Learning with Path Weight Sampling to accurately calculate the information transmission rate of stochastic systems from experimental time-series data.
2536h agoPeople tend to hold on to their prior expectations rather than adjust them when they encounter extreme violations, and this happens because standard learning dynamics uses different mechanisms to resolve small and large expectation violations.
2536h agoMetalearning helps machines overcome classic challenges in artificial neural networks by providing incentives to improve specific skills and opportunities to practice those skills.
2536h agoThe Dbar method is developed to study discrete integrable equations, providing explicit formulae of multi-soliton solutions for the lattice potential modified KdV equation, lattice Schwarzian KdV equation, and other equations.
2536h agoA new method derives exact solutions to nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations by transforming them into linear equations and using a recursive approach and multiplicative inverse of power series.
2536h agoThe impedance matrix of complex electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
2536h agoThe number of $\epsilon$-switches for any given initial opinion distribution is always finite, and the Hegselmann-Krause opinion dynamics shows identical opinion evolution between consecutive $\epsilon$-switches, with the dynamics remaining unchanged under positive-affine transformations of the initial distribution.
2536h agoThe large N limit of spectral duality exists between rational Gaudin models, which corresponds to a 2d hydrodynamics on a torus, and its dual model is a large N limit of the gl_M Gaudin model with irregular singularities.
2536h agoMigration, environmental fluctuations, and spatial structure affect the evolution of microbial populations, with the mutant fixation probability depending on the rate of migration and exhibiting a non-monotonic dependence on the switching rate between harsh and mild environmental conditions.
2536h agoEntanglement entropy difference between half-filled and near-half-filled ground states reveals topological phase transitions in disordered systems.
2536h agoThe global steady-state distributions of many systems approximately satisfy an analogue of the Boltzmann distribution, with a local dynamical property of states playing the role of energy.
2536h agoThe impedance matrix of complex electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
2536h agoSymmetry classification of quadratic Lindbladians with particle conservation reveals 27 non-Hermitian symmetry classes, with 22 classes leading to infinite-temperature steady states and 5 classes corresponding to specific Hermitian steady-state symmetry classes.
2536h agoThe study provides asymptotic equations that characterize the best possible learning performance for reconstructing a structured signal matrix from noisy observations, with the number of samples needed being proportional to the number of entries in the matrix.
2536h agoThe perceived duration of visual stimuli is affected by their memorability and speed, with more memorable or faster stimuli making time feel longer, and this in turn affects how well they are recalled later.
2540h agoResomapper simplifies quantitative MRI analysis by integrating established processing libraries into a unified, user-friendly workflow, allowing for reproducible and accessible image analysis.
2540h agoElevated magnesium levels cause a dose-dependent loss of complex activity in networks of neurons, leading to more integrated and constant dynamics.
2544h agoA deep neural network, trained on congruent audiovisual speech, perceives incongruent auditory and visual syllables as a third, illusory syllable, similar to humans, and shows human-like variability in its responses.
2544h agoThe octopamine receptor AgOct{beta}2R controls different aspects of mosquito reproduction in a sexually dimorphic manner, and its manipulation could disrupt mosquito reproduction at multiple levels.
2544h agoMitochondrial gene changes are associated with Parkinson's disease and may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
2544h agoPharmacological enhancement of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneuron activity reduces tau accumulation and neuronal loss in a tauopathy mouse model.
2544h agoNeurotypical children's executive function profiles differ, with two distinct patterns emerging: one group produces fewer designs but maintains a stable production pattern, while the other group is initially more productive but later makes more repetition errors and declines in design production.
2548h agoScientists developed a new method that links the genetic sequence of opsins to their function, enabling more efficient characterization of large opsin libraries.
2548h agoDivisive normalization in mouse visual cortex emerges from the interplay of excitation and inhibition, with heterogeneity in suppression strength linked to population correlations, variability in excitatory-inhibitory balance, and suppression of both subcortical and local cortical inputs.
2548h agoAn RNA aptamer called 1R6 prevents the aggregation of a protein called synuclein, which is involved in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, by targeting specific motifs and promoting disaggregation of preformed fibrils.
2548h agoProprioceptive Ia afferents initially connect with motor neurons across spinal segments, but then eliminate excess connections to become specific to the same segment through a process involving proprioceptor activity and C1qA-mediated elimination.
2552h agoCue-evoked dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core supports reward predictions to shape adaptive reward pursuit strategy, constraining exploratory reward-seeking motivation in favor of a more focal reward-checking strategy.
2552h agoHCN-governed membrane properties and sensitivity to delta/theta band frequencies are conserved in supragranular pyramidal neurons across at least 36 million years of primate evolution.
2552h agoThe CaMKII interactome, a network of protein interactions, is conserved across different organisms and evolved to specialize in synaptic signalling with the alpha-isoform, originally formed for neurosecretion.
2552h agoThe presence of overlapping signals from multiple individuals makes it hard for animals to distinguish between different sounds.
2552h agoMicroglia have two distinct inflammatory states controlled by specific transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms that enable their inflammatory functions in the demyelinating brain.
2552h agoMechanical tension improves neural communication by enhancing synaptic efficiency, leading to faster memory recall and better cognitive performance.
2556h agoSocial touch activates a brain circuit that reduces aggression by connecting the posterior intralaminar thalamic nucleus to the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus.
2556h agoThe DW-SSFP signal can be corrected for subject motion by using a framework that estimates and adjusts for motion, allowing for robust diffusion coefficient estimation and accurate tensor reconstruction.
2556h agoParkinson's disease brain tissue contains a higher number of neurons with excessive oligomer aggregation, which may contribute to early pathology.
2556h agoAstrocytes in the human brain have different expression patterns in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease with dementia, showing disease- and region-specific signatures.
2564h agoMCA, a Multicellular Analysis toolkit, enables users to easily extract calcium dynamics from functional imaging data, working with widely used open-source software ImageJ.
2564h agoThe extrastriate body area (EBA) encodes the speed of human body motion implied in scenes, with implied motion being the primary contributor to its semantic representations.
2564h agoNociception in cephalopods involves 51 genes that are also found in other animals, which can help understand how octopuses experience pain.
2564h agoPMAT facilitates the extinction of generalized fear and enhances biological sex differences in fear responses, particularly in females, which may have implications for understanding anxiety disorders.
2564h agoBodies respond physiologically to others' emotions, with moderate responses occurring even without conscious perception, and distinct responses emerging once visual awareness is established.
2564h agoAdult microglia from mice with Alzheimer's disease show exaggerated activation, increased engulfment of synaptic material, and heightened expression of proinflammatory genes when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and this is regulated by complement-dependent pathways.
2564h agoReduced white matter integrity in cerebello-thalamo-cortical loops is associated with poorer executive function performance in an age-dependent fashion, especially in older adults.
2576h agoThe ventral anterior temporal lobe represents complex semantic information through an interdependent, dynamic code, and similar representations are also found in posterior temporal and occipitotemporal cortex.
2576h agoThe peak alpha rhythm frequency increases with age in both sensorimotor and association regions, while intrinsic neural timescale decreases with age only in association regions, and a strong negative relationship between them is found specifically in association regions.
2580h agoAbnormalities in inner speech may cause psychotic symptoms, such as hearing voices, because the brain fails to properly distinguish between self-generated and external input.
2580h agoThe neural representations of object and event concepts in the brain share a common representational code, with both categories represented in overlapping areas of the association cortex.
2580h agoThe basal ganglia inputs to the prefrontal cortex combine direct and modulatory connections to regulate cortical activity during cognition.
2580h agoThe R47H variant of the TREM2 gene increases synaptic density in the hippocampus during early development by reducing microglial ability to remove inactive synapses.
2580h agoCajal Retzius cells and external tufted cells share similar characteristics and likely evolved from cells involved in olfactory processing in early vertebrates.
2580h agoPeople adjust their strategy of using recognizable features to infer the value of new things based on how stable or changing their environment is.
2580h agoHippocampal place cells and somatostatin-positive interneurons balance stability and plasticity through different mechanisms, with place cells changing their representations over time and in response to new environments, while interneurons show stable firing properties but increase activity in new environments.
2580h agoSerotonin differentially affects different types of inhibitory neurons in the olfactory system of Drosophila, adjusting the dynamic range of output neurons and reducing noise in odor representations.
2580h agoThe morphologies of neurons determine the structured, non-random connectivity in neuronal networks, which can be explained by individual neurons covering a small, spatially continuous part of the space.
2580h agoIndividual differences in how people represent concepts in their brains are systematic and measurable, and vary greatly, especially in areas that process social information.
2580h agoThe prefrontal cortex, specifically the orbitofrontal cortex, plays a key role in tracking sound regularities and forming expectations to guide perception and behavior.
2580h agoSynchronous bimodal sensory stimulation at a slow frequency accelerates the oscillation frequency of neurons in the basolateral nucleus of amygdala, but this effect is transient and reversible.
2580h agoREM sleep delta waves change with age and Alzheimer's disease, shifting from fast sawtooth waves to slow NREM-like waves, which is linked to impaired memory and associated with amyloid-beta, tau burden, and genetic risk for Alzheimer's.
2580h agoMaterial engagement theory suggests that craftwork relies on interacting with materials, rather than detailed internal planning, to guide the creative process.
2580h agoA simple model using deep learning classifies electroencephalography (EEG) signals by integrating connectivity patterns and identifies important features to predict Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) with approximately 76% accuracy.
2580h agoThe Schrodinger bridge approach effectively reconstructs neural signals from noisy data by modeling the noise accumulation process and decoding the true signal.
2580h agoIdentifiability analysis helps evaluate the reliability of digital twin models for disease prediction, and its application to an Alzheimer's Disease model reveals that data quality and model structure affect parameter estimation, with differences in identifiability across diagnostic groups and variability in disease progression.
2584h agoPersonalized models of brain stimulation show that frontal anodal stimulation targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region is more effective than posterior stimulation in delaying neurophysiological deterioration in Alzheimer's disease patients.
2584h agoOngoing topics and discussions at conferences in computational chemistry are reflected on.
2588h agoA cost-effective strategy called surrogate functional false discovery rates increases power in genome-wide association studies by leveraging genetic correlations between related traits.
2588h agoOscillations and functional connectivity in the brain best match real observations when the brain's neural networks operate in a meta-stable regime with small delays and realistic oscillation lifetimes.
2588h agoClosed-loop intrathalamic projections between thalamocortical relay neurons and inhibitory neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus best reproduce thalamic spiking and local field potential responses across awake and sleep states.
2588h agoA five-cell-type human neurovascular culture system reveals that traumatic brain injury leads to chronic neurovascular dysfunction through a biphasic response of acute endothelial disintegration and delayed, incomplete repair.
2588h agoA new technique called mFISH3D enables the visualization of multiple types of mRNAs in intact organs, such as the mouse and human brain, allowing for a comprehensive investigation of cellular ecosystems and vulnerabilities in diseases.
2588h agoClaudin-like protein CLC-3 regulates motor system output by influencing synaptic vesicle organization and cholinergic signalling in neurons.
2588h agoPsilocybin reorganizes directed interactions in the brain, particularly outgoing influences from the left hippocampus, while preserving structure-based scaling, and links these changes to individual differences in the psychedelic experience.
2588h agoStreamline Density Normalization (SDNorm) reduces variability in bundle reconstructions, improving the reproducibility of tractometry analysis across different image acquisition protocols and tractography settings.
2588h agoCyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) inhibitors with promising activity are identified, providing a potential starting point for developing treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
2588h agoEvolutionary search metaheuristics outperform approximate Bayesian computation in calibrating neural mass models to recreate brain activity, offering a more efficient and accurate method for understanding brain dynamics.
2588h agoTemperature fluctuations alter neuronal excitability, leading to narrower and higher-frequency spikes with reduced amplitudes, and ultimately causing a loss of sustained firing via temperature-induced depolarization block.
2588h agoSpeech disfluency in early childhood is linked to localized structural differences in brain regions that support motor planning and cognitive control.
2588h agoSemantic composition changes the brain's neural representations of concepts, and the way concepts are combined affects how the brain's semantic network is used.
2592h agoMemories encoded at different times can be linked together in the brain if they occur within certain time frames, and this linking is associated with increased activity in the hippocampus and amygdala.
2596h agoFunctional PET (fPET) with high temporal resolution enables accurate imaging of molecular connectivity, and a new preprocessing approach, CompCor, improves the reliability of estimating metabolic connectivity from fPET data.
2596h agoScientists developed a CRISPR screening platform to study mouse brain cells and used it to identify genes and pathways necessary for neuronal survival.
2600h agoTwo strains of the protein alpha-synuclein can interact and work together to accelerate the progression of disease in mice, leading to a shortened disease onset.
2600h agoShank3 loss disrupts normal brain activity in taste processing, leading to inefficient learning and updating of behaviors in response to negative outcomes.
2600h agoStimulation of local excitatory or inhibitory neurons modulates theta power in a phase-dependent manner, with continuous stimulation of excitatory cells leading to stronger modulation.
2600h agoThe complement system, particularly the complement component3 (C3), is upregulated in mice with a genetic deletion associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to hyperactive behavior and a pro-inflammatory environment in the brain.
2600h agoHouseflies maintain visual accuracy during ultrafast motion through a mechanism called synaptic high-frequency jumping, which allows their visual neurons to sample and transmit information at extremely high rates.
2604h agoFrontal midline theta oscillations play a role in the flexible updating of statistical regularities, allowing people to adaptively reorganize their mental representations of prior experiences.
2604h agoThe visual system prepares ahead of time for relevant upcoming events by enhancing early visual responses, allowing for efficient memory-guided selection of important information.
2604h agoPeople with obsessive-compulsive disorder show weaker activation in certain brain areas and stronger activation in other areas during executive control tasks.
2604h agoNeural progenitors in the neonatal subventricular zone have distinctive molecular profiles that differ from neural stem cells, with specific genes and transcription factors expressed in different progenitor subsets.
2604h agoThe brain organizes working memory representations based on environmental structure, switching between relational and item-based coding strategies to maximize coding efficiency.
2604h agoThe brain's ability to make rhythmic and melodic predictions while listening to music is influenced by individual differences in auditory-motor interactions, with people who are better at synchronizing sounds showing stronger neural tracking of rhythmic predictions.
2604h agoHippocampal activity is necessary for working memory maintenance, as disrupting it impairs performance and disrupts neural representations that support memory.
2604h agoCombining data from multiple patients allows speech brain-computer interfaces to be trained more quickly and accurately, improving communication for people with neuromotor disorders.
2604h agoSemantic elaboration enhances episodic memory formation by influencing neural oscillations, specifically by speeding up information processing and modulating alpha-beta oscillations during encoding and retrieval.
2604h agoThe tdc2+ adrenergic-like system modulates competition among central pattern generating networks controlling locomotion in Drosophila larvae by promoting forward locomotion and suppressing backwards locomotion.
2604h agoMitochondria delivery to motor nerve terminals is required for Drosophila larvae to sustain body-wall contractions.
2604h agoA specific neural circuit in the brain directly senses internal energy levels and modulates sweet sensation by inhibiting the neurons that detect sweetness.
2604h agoMice and humans assess the intensity of smells using a common perceptual scale, and this scale corresponds to the actual intensity of the odor.
2604h agoA diet enriched with berries prevents motor deficits and protects brain cells in mice with Parkinson's disease-like symptoms.
2604h agoDownregulating a key glycolytic enzyme called Pyruvate kinase (Pyk) in clock cells disrupts the circadian rhythm by reducing a protein called Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) through a regulatory pathway involving TARANIS (TARA), leading to a shorter circadian period.
2604h agoThe posterior segments of larval Drosophila melanogaster coordinately power the piston phase of crawling, while anterior segments allow for greater flexibility to enable reorienting behaviors.
2604h agoA clinically deployable AI system using 2D brain MRI data accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease severity and provides clinically meaningful visualizations of model decision-making.
2604h agoPurposeful behavior relies on world models where descriptive and prescriptive aspects co-emerge from an agent's goal through interaction with the environment.
2608h agoHuman brains need dynamic binding, multi-place predicates, and structure mapping to enable symbolic thought, which is a key difference between human and most animal brains.
2608h agoThe brain uses lateral predictive coding to construct internal representations of salient features in sensory signals, balancing energetic cost and information robustness.
2608h agoFlexible tool selection is enabled by a new framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, achieving 74% accuracy in tool selection tasks.
2608h agoA systematic search method identifies Hirota bilinear systems for nonlinear evolution equations, and finds that different solutions of the same class are associated with a single bilinear system.
2608h agoThe logistic map with a specific parameter value generates sequences with ideal statistical properties for channel estimation schemes, making it suitable for use in coding and transmission systems.
2608h agoNon-Hermitian perturbations transform point-like Dirac monopoles into extended monopole distributions with distinct charge configurations.
2608h agoA new framework called GEN2 accurately forecasts extreme event statistics in climate change scenarios by combining a prediction step with a machine-learning correction step.
2608h agoThe study investigates a variant of the Saltzman-Maasch model for Pleistocene glacial cycles and identifies Hopf and Bautin bifurcations that govern the emergence of stable and unstable limit cycles.
2608h agoPhysical systems can store information in many different ways, and the landscape of 2D many-body memories is vast, with diverse types of memories that can correct errors, stabilize phases, and preserve information under various conditions.
2608h agoInteractions between multiple pathogens during an epidemic can be understood using new models that capture two-pathogen dynamics with spatial diffusion and cross-diffusion.
2608h agoThe matrix analogue of the logistic map converges to the invariant measure of the logistic map for an arbitrary initial ensemble of hermitian random matrices.
2608h ago2D cellular automata can generate 3D terrains through a simple additive approach, producing navigable landscapes suitable for game terrain generation.
2608h agoDisorder correlations in certain high-dimensional graphs lead to robust multifractality in eigenstates, characterised by a broad distribution of inverse participation ratios and an emergent fragmentation into one-dimensional chains.
2608h agoThe ground-state quantum metric and average localization length are proportional in one-dimensional systems near criticality, and a novel insulating state called superdielectric emerges with a finite quantum metric and divergent static electric susceptibility.
2608h agoThe preparation of long-range entangled states via quantum measurements depends on the readout protocol and exhibits a rich phase structure with transitions between short-range entangled, long-range entangled, and mixed states.
2608h agoCP2K is a versatile open-source software package that can simulate a wide range of atomistic systems using quantum-mechanical and classical simulation methods to compute static and dynamical properties.
2608h agoThe brain uses lateral predictive coding to construct internal representations of salient features in sensory signals, balancing energetic cost and information robustness.
2608h agoEcological feedbacks allow invading species and their parents to coexist by driving the extinction of low-abundance species, with a new concept of "dressed invasion fitness" helping to explain this phenomenon.
2608h agoThe spin-opstring, a compact representation of QMC simulation cells, effectively captures phase transitions and predicts superfluid density in quantum systems using machine learning.
2608h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
2608h agoHematological malignancies and cardiovascular diseases increase the risk of early-onset cerebral beta-amyloidosis, likely due to vascular injury.
2608h agoTemperature fluctuations alter neuronal excitability by accelerating gating dynamics, leading to narrower and higher-frequency spikes, reduced amplitudes, and ultimately a loss of sustained firing.
2608h agoAnts produce a single functional odorant receptor from large arrays of related genes through a regulatory mechanism involving non-canonical transcription and bidirectional promoters.
2612h agoMultimodal language models have limitations in chemistry and materials research.
2616h agoAn artificial intelligence model uses language models and molecular perturbations to overcome data scarcity in RNA drug development.
2616h agoAlcohol use increases Alzheimer's disease pathology by changing brain circuits and protein accumulation in a way that depends on the type of protein involved.
2616h agoBrain functions for binocular convergent eye movements involve highly distributed network pathways, with some pathways contributing more than others.
2616h agoHeterozygous pathogenic variants in the DHDDS gene cause a rare genetic disease characterized by developmental delay, seizures, and movement abnormalities.
2616h agoOlder adults show lower motor performance quality than younger adults, especially in challenging bimanual tasks, due to age-related changes in brain activity, particularly in the left premotor cortex and bilateral parietal areas.
2616h agoHigh working-memory load while driving causes slower reaction times, poorer accuracy, and compensatory driving behaviors, and is linked to specific changes in brain activity and eye movements.
2616h agoDeleting a protein called HDAC2 in brain cells promotes the growth of new blood vessels and helps repair damaged brain tissue after a stroke.
2616h agoNegative affectivity, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, influences the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory, with individuals having higher levels showing greater gains.
2616h agoHeart rate variability is linked to respiratory cycles and temporarily changes in response to specific conditions, and its relationship with perceptual performance shows that different components of heart rate modulation have opposing effects on visual perception.
2616h agoThe perirhinal cortex plays a critical role in processing tactile information by transforming detailed sensory features into abstract and invariant representations.
2616h agoThe study identifies five genes - Ephb2, En2, Cadps2, Igsf21, and Cep170 - as potential modifiers of epilepsy susceptibility, which target neurodevelopmental processes not currently addressed by existing treatments.
2620h agoWhite matter neurons are present in human long-range white matter tracts, including the uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum, with varying densities.
2620h agoScientists developed a method called WHOLISTIC to record the activity of all cells in the body at the same time, and used it to discover new responses of specific cell types to stimuli, interactions between organs, and brain-body interactions.
2620h agoChronic brain infection and IL-1 exposure impair spatial memory by triggering DNA double-strand break signaling in hippocampal neurons.
2624h agoThe cortical body map remains stable after arm amputation, with no evidence of hand or face reorganization, challenging theories of brain remapping after limb loss.
2624h agoA new method called Activity Coefficient-based Channel Selection (ACCS) selects the most useful EEG channels to improve brain-computer interface accuracy by identifying a reusable set of channels that work across different applications.
2632h agoSpike-based control signals cause learning to collapse in artificial sensor-motor systems when the number of motor neurons or independent synaptic bundles exceeds a critical limit.
2632h agoHigher prompt engineering literacy is associated with distinct neural signatures, including increased functional connectivity in brain regions such as the left middle temporal gyrus and the left frontal pole.
2632h agoIntelligence emerges from the structured reuse of prior inference trajectories, and can be modeled using Memory-Amortized Inference (MAI), a framework that views cognition as inference over latent cycles in memory.
2632h agoCalculating the Lyapunov exponent helps understand how chaos develops in cardiac systems and can be effectively applied to action potential duration data to quantify complexity.
2632h agoCompeting short-range repulsion and long-range attractive forces cause agents in a plane to form vacuum regions that can turn into fissures or bubbles, which may then transition to isolated particle clusters.
2632h agoSpike-based control signals cause learning to collapse in artificial sensor-motor systems when the number of motor neurons or independent synaptic bundles exceeds a critical limit.
2632h agoConformally symplectic diffeomorphisms reveal deep interactions between a manifold's topology, a map's dynamics, and the geometry of invariant manifolds, with the conformal factors related to topological properties and restricted to algebraic numbers on some manifolds.
2632h agoThe propagation speed of fronts moving into unstable states is not solely determined by the leading edge behavior, as the state left behind in the wake of the front can be different from what is predicted by this behavior.
2632h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks.
2632h agoThe study constructs spin lattice models with four-spin and three-spin interactions using duality transformations of the star-square relation and the generalized star-triangle relation for Ising-like lattice spin models.
2632h agoThe study derives a hierarchy that describes the time evolution of local observables in many-body Hamiltonian systems, combining integrable contact interactions with long-range potentials, and validates it with molecular-dynamics simulations.
2632h agoSelf-organization in complex systems leads to emergent properties, and a Complex System Response (CSR) function can predict system-level properties by revealing a link between element interactions and emergent properties.
2632h agoA binary decision process model simulates how individual interactions influence pre-evacuation time in crowds, combining opinion dynamics with phase transition to describe group behavior.
2632h agoA topologically trivial intermediate regime emerges in interacting non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices, where states are primarily multifractal and have a fully real spectrum, before transitioning to a non-Hermitian many-body localization regime.
2632h agoNeural quantum states require high-order correlations, even for simple product states, to faithfully represent a quantum state.
2632h agoThe solvability of exactly fitting an ellipsoid to n standard Gaussian random vectors in d-dimensional space sharply transitions at a threshold of n/d^2 = 1/4.
2632h agoMachine learning models predict electron density in concentrated alloys across composition space, enabling accelerated exploration of material properties.
2632h agoThe modern Hopfield network model, when adapted to an open quantum system, exhibits qualitatively distinct behaviors, including additional stable fixed points in ferromagnetic and limit cycle phases.
2632h agoQuasi-second-order optimization methods outperform first-order methods in variational Monte Carlo calculations when the wavefunction is sufficiently expressive to represent the ground-state.
2632h agoDepression has five unique phenotypes, each with distinct symptom profiles and brain activity patterns, identified through magnetoencephalography (MEG) and machine learning analysis.
2636h agoPeople's cognitive styles, which reflect how they balance prior knowledge and sensory evidence, change across their lifespan, with older adults tending to rely more on sensory information and less on prior knowledge.
2636h agoSleep and retrieval training do not enhance weakly encoded memories, and sigma power, a proxy for sleep spindles, has a negative impact on memory outcomes, with retrieval training and restudy leading to better memory results than sleep and wake interventions.
2640h agoIntravenous delivery of a gene therapy that helps restore TDP-43 function in motor neurons slows disease progression and prevents paralysis in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
2640h agoRetrieval training, but not sleep, leads to greater accuracy for identifying old memories, but makes it harder to distinguish similar false memories.
2640h agoWhite matter microstructure in the human brain increases during childhood and adolescence, then remains stable in early adulthood, and gradually declines from midlife onwards, with genetic variations influencing these changes.
2640h agoRapid Invisible Frequency Tagging (RIFT) can be reliably implemented using an affordable 480 Hz OLED monitor and low-density EEG equipment to study neural responses to almost imperceptible flicker.
2640h agoEEG waveform patterns can serve as biomarkers to predict genotypes related to neurological diseases, specifically epilepsy, with a machine learning approach achieving 70% accuracy in predicting mouse strain and 67% sensitivity in identifying epilepsy-genotype.
2640h agoCortical thickness changes occur years before amyloid levels become abnormal, contradicting the idea that high amyloid levels are the first sign of Alzheimer's disease.
2640h agoLoss of MECP2 function causes delayed puberty by disrupting normal development of reproductive hormones and neurons that control puberty.
2644h agoA large language model-based agent called SciToolAgent enables automated and effective execution of scientific research workflows by orchestrating scientific tools via a knowledge graph.
2648h agoAmyloid positivity affects white matter pathways in the brain, causing localized microstructural abnormalities, which are potentially mediated by tau and lead to degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
2648h agoThe human hippocampus has a hybrid organization, with both discrete anatomical subfields and continuous functional gradients, that work together across different spatial scales.
2652h agoThe multisensory network's functional organization and its connections to other brain networks relate more strongly to clinical sensory issues than to specific neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
2652h agoThe hippocampus encodes visual attributes in a flexible format, and brain areas including ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and primary visual cortex combine neural patterns for familiar stimuli to represent novel stimuli.
2652h agoThe brain's white matter pathways, particularly those connected to the supplementary motor area, predict individual differences in effort and reward sensitivity, which shape goal-directed behavior.
2652h agoDopamine neurons in the midbrain use glycogen as a fuel store to maintain their function under low-energy conditions, and dopamine itself regulates this process.
2652h agoThe neural encoding of facial expressions remains robust and unchanged when people view faces with or without 3D depth cues.
2652h agoBehavioral task demands increase neural responses to target locations both inside and outside the receptive fields of auditory cortical neurons.
2652h agoDifferences in sensory circuitry drive variation in mate preferences, fueling the evolution of reproductive barriers between species.
2652h agoSensory inner hair cells develop specialized scaffolds called synaptic ribbons through a dynamic process that requires synaptic activity.
2652h agoSleep helps shift emotional generalization from negative to positive, promoting a more positive emotional response to neutral stimuli.
2652h agoSwine brains have many immature cells that can develop into new neurons and migrate to different areas, suggesting a high capacity for postnatal brain plasticity and regeneration.
2652h agoProbabilistic tractography produces more consistent bundle shapes across subjects, but may miss subtle pathological changes, whereas deterministic tractography may be more sensitive to these changes.
2652h agoOngoing thoughts during rest are reflected in brain connectivity patterns, which predict individual differences in behavior and everyday experiences.
2652h agoEarly treatment with gene therapy that targets the central nervous system is key to effectively treating Niemann-Pick disease, type C, with best results achieved when treatment is given to neonates.
2652h agoThe aging mouse brain shows dynamic changes in protein and mRNA levels, including decreased mitochondrial function and deteriorating translation efficiency, which are linked to changes in protein properties and predispose to neurodegeneration.
2652h agoA new method called IHC/LCM-Seq identifies 14,000-16,000 transcripts in specific brain cells, revealing distinct gene expression patterns in appetite-regulating neurons.
2652h agoActivation of specific female interneurons triggers vaginal plate opening, a behavior that signals receptivity to mating in Drosophila females.
2652h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a key role in mediating expectation-driven opioid analgesic tolerance by suppressing pain relief in certain contexts.
2652h agoA new analysis system called TWARDIS uses artificial intelligence to accurately and automatically analyze images of Caenorhabditis elegans, overcoming limitations of traditional methods and enabling high-definition postural and neural analysis.
2652h agoThe choroid plexus, a structure that helps regulate the brain environment, shows sex differences in its cells, secretory signals, and function, which may play a role in health and disease.
2652h agoAccurate neuron localization improves spike sorting and probe reliability in brain-machine interfaces, and simple algorithms are more robust to noise and electrode degradation than complex ones.
2656h agoEye blinks while reading music can uniquely identify the music being read, with accuracy above chance level, even when listening to or imagining music.
2656h agoLearning based on synaptic plasticity follows a stochastic process, and a probabilistic framework that includes spike-time-resolving cross-correlations between pre- and postsynaptic spikes accurately captures the dynamics of synaptic weights and memory capacity.
2656h agoCombining functional ultrasound imaging with a convolutional neural network allows for data-driven identification and regional mapping of drug effects on the brain while preserving anatomical context and physiological relevance.
2656h agoMR-LFADS, a new data-driven model, disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved areas, and local neural activity, leading to more accurate portraits of inter-regional communication.
2656h agoThe Watanabe-Strogatz theory provides a unified description of identical Kuramoto oscillator models with pairwise and higher-order interactions, showing that their dynamics are equivalent to mean-field parameters and that basin boundaries for synchronization are determined by the poles of the M\"obius transformation.
2656h agoGrid-based Bayesian Estimation Exploiting Sparsity algorithm is optimized for CPU and GPU implementation, achieving over 1000 times speedup in propagating probability distributions through Lorenz models.
2656h agoSums of iterates of the dissipative one-dimensional z logistic map converge to q-Gaussian distributions, which relate to the nonadditive entropic functional Sq, with a derived formula predicting the entropic index based on the nonlinearity order.
2656h agoPhotonic-crystal resonators enable solitons to be generated in a convenient and stable way, and their dynamics can be understood to optimize soliton formation for various applications.
2656h agoDyMixOp, a novel neural operator framework, transforms infinite-dimensional nonlinear PDE dynamics into a finite-dimensional latent space, capturing nonlinear interactions and enhancing physical interpretability.
2656h agoNonlinear compression of a long wavepacket occurs during its Bragg reflection from a domain of gradually increasing, periodically placed barriers, forming a short and tall packet of standing waves.
2656h agoAn electronic lattice with flat bands was constructed and used to generate compact localized states, which were excited and studied, revealing good agreement with theoretical predictions.
2656h agoKrylov complexity effectively identifies chaotic and integrable phases in open quantum systems, in agreement with complex spectral statistics and complex spacing ratios.
2656h agoThe connection problem for isomonodromic tau functions on the one-punctured torus is solved by deriving the connection constant and relating it to the Virasoro modular kernel and canonical transformations on the character variety.
2656h agoThe Kuralay equations, including Kuralay-I and Kuralay-II, are gauge equivalent and have integrable motion of space curves, with soliton solutions obtained through the Hirota bilinear method.
2656h agoSimultaneous symmetry breaking in spontaneous Floquet states leads to the emergence of Floquet-Nambu-Goldstone modes with zero quasi-energy, including a genuine temporal mode that provides a rare realization of a time operator in Quantum Mechanics.
2656h agoA quantum microscope based on chaotic dynamics can amplify small differences between qubit states, enabling their distinguishability and pushing the limits of precision in quantum metrology.
2656h agoA proposed generative model of temporally-evolving hypergraphs reproduces key features of empirical hypergraphs, defines a likelihood over a complete hypergraph, and achieves competitive link prediction performance with large neural networks.
2656h agoMode-locking in a multi-timescale regime is achieved on a chip using topological photonics, allowing for synchronization and independently tunable states.
2656h agoThe butterfly velocity increases with temperature and decreases with chemical potential in holographic QCD models for thermodynamically stable phases.
2656h agoA new computational method uses machine learning to quickly predict which high entropy oxides can be synthesized, speeding up the discovery of new compounds.
2656h agoAutoregressive neural networks can accurately calculate thermal observables of quantum systems when used with a modified framework that mitigates numerical instabilities.
2656h agoThe model of interacting spins on a random cubic graph exhibits a localization transition, characterized by changes in entanglement entropy and spectrum, and marked by the failure of eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
2656h agoLearning based on synaptic plasticity follows a stochastic process, and a probabilistic framework that includes spike-time-resolving cross-correlations between pre- and postsynaptic spikes accurately captures the dynamics of synaptic weights and memory capacity.
2656h agoPrincipal component analysis effectively captures polarized distributions in high-dimensional binary state spaces, enabling the assessment of projected vertices and error bounds.
2656h agoA postprocessing method converts continuous solutions from column generation into feasible 0-1 solutions, enabling faster computation of high-quality approximate solutions.
2656h agoThe SYK chain model shows efficient information scrambling and thermalization in individual energy eigenstates, despite exhibiting slow thermalization in entanglement dynamics.
2656h agoDepression increases sensitivity to unpleasant odors and triggers avoidance behavior, which is linked to neuroinflammation in brain areas that process smells.
2656h agoPeople with more symptoms of apathy and anhedonia have lower expectations of achieving goals, but surprisingly, they perform better in goal-directed behaviors.
2656h agoThe core region of the amygdala encodes emotional valence primarily through a global activation signal, not through separate clusters of positive and negative voxels.
2656h agoThe amygdala plays a causal role in resolving emotional ambiguity, and disrupting its activity causes people to approach neutral, emotionally ambiguous faces more similarly to happy faces.
2656h agoFemale mice exhibit depression-like behaviors, including social withdrawal and anxiety, after experiencing chronic social defeat stress, which is linked to changes in brain chemistry and function.
2660h agoHuman cortical progenitors transplanted into a damaged mouse motor cortex mature and integrate into neural circuits, forming functional connections with target areas.
2660h agoA direct neural connection between the gut and pancreas helps regulate glucose metabolism by increasing insulin secretion and improving glucose tolerance through a circuit of nitridergic myenteric neurons.
2660h agoIncreased occurrence of 2:1 alpha-theta frequency ratios during working memory reflects functional segregation between frontal and parietal regions.
2668h agoFruit flies use a special pathway in their legs to sense the stiffness of fruit and choose the softer patches to lay their eggs.
2668h agoTrust in artificial intelligence is shaped by internal confidence signals and evaluative processing of feedback.
2668h agoThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in helping people learn new relationships by using prior knowledge of relational structures to make inferences.
2668h agoSelf-motion is a strong predictor of visual feedback, and humans exhibit robust visuomotor mismatch responses in their cortex, characterized by a distinct polarity and greater signal power.
2668h agoIFNAR1 loss leads to Parkinson's Disease with Dementia-like symptoms, including neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and behavioral deficits, in mice, with distinct effects seen when IFNAR1 is lost in neurons versus astrocytes.
2672h agoThe Nav1.2-L1342P mutation causes increased excitability in neurons, disrupts synaptic functions, and leads to network hyperexcitability, contributing to SCN2A-related epilepsy.
2672h agoThe brain uses two separate mechanisms to learn complex patterns from noisy environments: a fast process that predicts upcoming events and a slower process that consolidates knowledge into stable neural representations.
2672h agoThe brain proactively reorganizes its functional connections in anticipation of oxygen decline, rather than in response to it, by selectively synchronizing high-level cognitive networks.
2672h agoElements of a movement sequence are pre-ordered in parallel competitively before execution, and this competitive queueing process is associated with skilled performance, even when individual movements are fused together kinematically.
2672h agoCognitive reappraisal's neural mechanisms do not closely relate to individual differences in reappraisal capabilities, and common measures of reappraisal abilities capture distinct facets of emotion regulation.
2672h agoMutations affecting proteasome function cause impaired neuronal development through overproduction of polyamines, which can be reversed by inhibiting the enzyme Ornithine decarboxylase.
2676h agoThe interaction between medial prefrontal cortex and lateral entorhinal cortex is required for both encoding and retrieval of associative recognition memory, and a direct connection from medial prefrontal cortex to lateral entorhinal cortex is critical for this type of memory.
2676h agoComa after acute ischemic stroke results from lesions to both the brainstem and thalamus, and these dual-node subcortical lesions are necessary and sufficient to produce coma.
2676h agoSpiking Neural Networks with synaptic heterogeneity, modeled through synapse-specific time constants, improve performance across various tasks, exhibit robustness to noise, and enhance working memory, by allowing versatile timescale integration and capturing diverse synaptic dynamics.
2680h agoA new topological framework proposes that memory and inference are grounded in the structure of neural spike-timing dynamics, where memory is made of sparse, irreducible attractors that encode minimal, path-dependent units, and inference is a dynamic alignment between content and context.
2680h agoThe Brain-dynamic Convolutional-Network-based Embedding (BCNE) method uncovers diverse patterns in dynamic brain data by capturing brain-state trajectories and temporospatial correlations, effectively revealing interpretable information about brain function and behavior.
2680h agoClustered connections in neural networks lead to correlated dynamics, but a balance condition breaks when cluster sizes are highly heterogeneous, and reweighing connection strengths based on community sizes can restore balance.
2680h agoA unified mathematical framework combines noise-resistant processing and information maintenance through a recurrent neural circuit, enabling robust encoding and stable retention of inputs.
2680h agoSpiking networks develop distinct spatio-temporal activity patterns, characterized by synchronicity and separability, as they learn to classify visual inputs through error-correcting plasticity.
2680h agoA new neural network called FRE-RNN enables rapid and low-cost learning using Equilibrium Propagation, achieving performance similar to backpropagation in benchmark tasks.
2680h agoReplacing traditional perceptron neurons with biologically inspired probabilistic meta neurons improves the classification accuracy of spiking neural networks.
2680h agoA novel model called the Functional-Energetic Topology Model uncovers neurodynamic mechanisms of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) by identifying a key dysfunctional feedback loop that regulates somatic sensation.
2680h agoA novel technique called ASPEN enables neuromorphic systems to use less energy by reducing the number of spikes, making it suitable for ultra-low-power wearables.
2680h agoAction-unaware agents can achieve comparable performance to action-aware agents in navigation tasks, even when at a severe disadvantage.
2680h agoThoughtful construction of brain graphs from fMRI data improves classification accuracy in neuroimaging by systematically choosing data processing techniques.
2680h agoThe structure of neural network connections, not just the strength of individual connections, determines the collective activity of the network.
2680h agoHumans use a mix of walking and running when moving at speeds between 1.9 and 3.0 meters per second over long distances, and this mix is determined by energy efficiency.
2680h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate that neurons transmit, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions and providing accurate results.
2680h agoA novel brain model that accounts for hemisphere differences improves the accuracy of simulated brain activity in both healthy individuals and those with schizophrenia.
2680h agoA new computational framework called HOI-Brain uses higher-order interactions in brain regions to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism.
2680h agoThe study derives a framework that predicts the existence of inverse solutions for motor neuron identification and finds that increasing similarity of motor unit action potentials or correlation between spike trains increases bias for detecting high amplitude motor units.
2680h agoFlexible tool selection is achieved through a framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, with a model accuracy of 74%.
2680h agoTransformers develop in-context learning capability when trained on diverse tasks, allowing them to generalize to new tasks outside their training data.
2680h agoThe algebro-geometric theory of Painlev\'e equations solves the Painlev\'e identification problem for two examples by providing explicit coordinate transformations and Hamiltonians.
2680h agoThe study examines the dynamics of oscillons in 1-dimensional spacetime field theories, finding connections with previous studies and new insights into the reduced system and original system dynamics.
2680h agoThe Behavioural Swarms framework provides a comprehensive model of collective behaviour, where each particle's adaptive decision-making and heterogeneous behavioural states co-evolve through nonlocal interactions, predicting emergent macroscopic patterns from individual behaviours.
2680h agoA refined version of the discrete Painlev\'e identification problem helps describe a discrete Painlev\'e dynamic by going beyond surface type.
2680h agoThe high-frequency EEG spectra of the human brain show bi-stability and structural changes during epileptic episodes, with distinct differences in the gamma band between normal and seizure conditions.
2680h agoA novel three-stage framework improves image inpainting by accurately imaging specific objects, recovering structures, and refining textures, achieving competitive performance and robustness in various scenarios.
2680h agoThe Michaelis-Menten kinetics model reveals a stiffness behavior in all scenarios when inhibitory mechanisms are introduced, and shows that an inhibitor can act as an activator that favors product formation.
2680h agoA new topological framework proposes that memory and inference are grounded in the structure of neural spike-timing dynamics, where memory is made of sparse, irreducible attractors that encode minimal, path-dependent units, and inference is a dynamic alignment between content and context.
2680h agoBinomial maps allow stochastic evolution of population dynamics models, enabling analysis of finite-population effects like demographic noise and extinction.
2680h agoA nonlinear dimer-chain model exhibits quantized transport of kinks under periodic modulation, driven by instabilities in topological boundary modes.
2680h agoThe development of a quantum causal index reveals that causal influence in quantum systems propagates at a finite speed and shows coherent oscillations.
2680h agoA novel framework combines synchronization theory and multi-agent AI systems to describe how heterogeneous AI agents work together to execute complex tasks.
2680h agoThe periodic elliptic Ruijsenaars chain has a classical dynamical $r$-matrix structure that provides Liouville integrability, and its continuous non-relativistic limit reproduces a Maillet type non-ultralocal $r$-matrix structure for the elliptic Calogero-Moser model.
2680h agoThe improved method uses Bayesian optimization to automatically estimate partial differential equations and delay partial differential equations from data and yields robust predictive models.
2680h agoA new affective computing platform captures personalized statistical power from brief data samples by analyzing facial micropeaks from short videos and combining them with AI-driven face-grid estimation methods.
2680h agoSystems can proactively leverage environmental and social changes to reconfigure and adapt, leading to improved viability, through a process called allostatic and social allostatic regulation.
2680h agoThe quantum sinh-Gordon model on a multi-sheeted Riemann surface uses composite branch-point twist operators to help compute entanglement entropies, and this work develops a technique to calculate form factors of these operators in the semiclassical approximation.
2680h agoSpectral fluctuations in multilayer networks follow universal patterns, and the random matrix theory framework can characterize these patterns and probe the complexities of real-world networks.
2680h agoRare event algorithms can provide a quicker and cheaper way to assess climate risks by simulating extreme weather events, and have been adapted to work with sudden and transient events like heavy precipitation and heat extremes.
2680h agoA bijection is constructed between the state of the box-ball system and a pair of two sequences, with one sequence moving at speed 1 and the other following the rules of a linearized box-ball system.
2680h agoA field-theoretic model with a twelfth-degree polynomial potential has multiple topological sectors with kinks of different masses, and exhibits complex interaction forces and collision phenomena between kinks and antikinks.
2680h agoA new method can infer the network of synchronized and desynchronized oscillators from time series data, expanding the applicability of network inference to a wider class of oscillatory systems.
2680h agoHigher connection density in adaptive networks leads to both local clustering and global synchrony, while lower density networks tend to fragment into desynchronized clusters.
2680h agoA system can self-organize to operate on the verge of multiple phase transitions at the same time, allowing it to exhibit different critical behaviors simultaneously.
2680h agoA machine learning method estimates the largest Lyapunov exponent from one-dimensional chaotic time series by training a predictor to produce forecasts and inferring the exponent from forecast error growth.
2680h agoThe analysis presents a framework for calculating velocity correlations in compressible quantum fluids, identifying distinct signatures of short- and long-range correlations for vortices and rarefaction pulses.
2680h agoA novel brain model that accounts for hemisphere differences improves the accuracy of simulated brain activity in both healthy individuals and those with schizophrenia.
2680h agoChemical reaction networks have a thermodynamic cost function that ranks pathways based on maintenance and restriction costs, which decrease as reactions supporting the throughput current are added.
2680h agoChaotic instabilities occur before thermalization in weakly perturbed integrable many-body systems, and there are two distinct scenarios: confined chaos where chaos occurs while trajectories are still confined to certain regions, and deconfined chaos where chaos and thermalization happen on the same timescale.
2680h agoA new method called Scattering Backpropagation allows efficient measurement of approximated gradients for nonlinear optical neural networks, enabling training without requiring a mathematical model of the physical nonlinearity.
2680h agoCharge disorder in dielectric slabs causes a downward shift of an atom's energy levels, resulting in an attractive force that can compete with the Casimir-Polder force, with the shift decaying at different rates depending on whether the disorder is in the bulk or on the surface.
2680h agoTwo neural network-enhanced approaches, sample-based neural diagonalization and adaptive-basis sample-based neural diagonalization, efficiently estimate ground-state energies of quantum many-body systems by sampling relevant basis configurations and optimizing a basis transformation.
2680h agoAmorphous disorder in meta-materials leads to two kinds of localization: Anderson localization and compact, macroscopically degenerate localized states, which emerge due to the cooperation between the structure of the localized states and the geometry of the amorphous graph.
2680h agoThe dynamics of a one-dimensional local spin system generates entanglement at a slow rate, denoted by a $\log \, t$-law, when the system's behavior follows a Lieb-Robinson bound with a logarithmic lightcone.
2680h agoTopological Anderson insulators emerge in a one-dimensional spin-orbit coupled chain with Fibonacci modulation, transforming a trivial band structure into multiple topologically nontrivial phases with zero-energy modes and multifractal wave functions.
2680h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
2680h agoA strong coupling to a thermal bath can localize spins in a quantum interacting spin system, even when its many-body eigenstates are ergodic.
2680h agoDipolar interactions in a quasiperiodic potential give rise to a complex coexistence of localized and extended quantum states.
2680h agoThe structure of neural network connections, not just the strength of individual connections, determines the collective activity of the network.
2680h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate that neurons transmit, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions and providing accurate results.
2680h agoTransformers develop in-context learning capability when trained on diverse tasks, allowing them to generalize to new tasks outside their training data.
2680h agoThe pinning transition in annealed and quenched systems occurs at different points in the thermodynamic limit.
2680h agoScientists have developed genetic tools to track and manipulate transmitter-specific vesicles in living worms, allowing them to map co-expression of vesicular transporters and show that over 10% of neurons exhibit co-transmission.
2684h agoBrain endothelial cells become senescent with aging, changing their metabolic profile and contributing to a leaky blood-brain barrier, which can lead to cerebrovascular diseases and dementia.
2684h agoAn adapted electronic von Frey device is more effective than a standard von Frey device in detecting knee joint pain behavior and evaluating pain relief treatments in osteoarthritis models.
2688h agoIctal chirp patterns in EEG recordings cluster among patients with shared clinical profiles and their spectral durations in seizure onset zones are associated with surgical outcomes.
2688h agoThe fasciola cinereum (FC) contains functionally distinct neurons that are less excitable than neighboring CA1 pyramidal cells, with properties shaped by Kv2.1 and Kv7 potassium channels.
2688h agoIschemic stroke causes changes in claudin-5 protein isoform expression, which correlates with blood-brain barrier dysfunction and poor neurological outcomes.
2688h agoA practical preprocessing pipeline effectively reduces artifacts and noise in single pulse TMS-iEEG data, allowing for cleaner signals to analyze intracranial TMS-evoked potentials.
2688h agoOlder and younger adults use different neural mechanisms to make fair decisions when interacting with others of similar or different ages.
2688h agoMutations in the hepaCAM gene disrupt its normal functioning in astrocytes, leading to changes in its distribution and protein interactions that may contribute to the development of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC).
2688h agoA new system enables simultaneous recording of over 10,000 neurons from the entire bilateral dorsal cortex at up to four depths using large field-of-view two-photon microscopy.
2688h agoTruncated isoforms of the human glutamate transporter EAA1 self-assemble into stable, beta-sheet-enriched oligomers, a structure that could play a role in neurodegeneration.
2688h agoNew methods can accurately extract neuronal spiking rates from mesoscale calcium imaging recordings by accounting for noise and calcium indicator dynamics.
2688h agoFoxp1 and Foxp2 help create diverse Purkinje cell subtypes, and Foxp1+ Purkinje cells are required for forming the cerebellar hemisphere.
2692h agoLoss of dopamine within the basal ganglia leads to changes in neuronal activity, and decreased TRPC3 conductance in SNr dendrites is a key factor in altered activity in the dopamine-depleted state.
2692h agoThe development of brain connectivity from infancy to adulthood involves a shift from linear to nonlinear modes of brain communication.
2692h agoMisfolded protein aggregation leads to neurodegenerative diseases through pathways that remain unclear, but research in a scrapie model shows that thalamus and hippocampal areas exhibit the greatest pathological burden with region-specific histopathological features.
2692h agoMuscle network analysis reveals distinct patterns of muscle interactions in stroke survivors that can be used to stratify patients by impairment severity and therapeutic responsiveness.
2692h agoThe gene DPP6 modulates ethanol's effects on reward, anxiety, and sedation in mice, with its absence leading to greater preference for ethanol, increased locomotor activity, and enhanced anxiolytic response in a sex-dependent manner.
2692h agoA new computational tool called Scratcher enables automated analysis of scratching behaviour in mice, revealing that neural activity in the lateral parabrachial nucleus modulates itch-evoked scratching.
2692h agoCortical inhibition, mediated by GABA, dynamically changes with brain state, increasing during wakefulness, decreasing during sleep, and varying regionally in response to internally generated hippocampal activity.
2692h agoRatDISCO is a simple and cost-effective method for clearing tissue in adult rat brains that enables robust detection of diverse brain cells and structures across different species and models.
2692h agoVisual surprise triggers whole-brain neural representations of prediction error that are generalised across different visual attributes but occur at distinct times for each attribute.
2692h agoTau hyperphosphorylation and mislocalization in progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson syndrome are caused by changes in the extracellular matrix produced by vascular leptomeningeal-like cells, which can be reversed by inhibiting certain signaling pathways.
2692h agoThe inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases by cancer drugs disrupts the balance of taste cells in the tongue, leading to a reduced ability to taste sweetness.
2692h agoThe salience network, including the anterior cingulate cortex, plays a substantial role in the generation of tinnitus, while the inferior parietal lobe contributes to its persistence.
2692h agoAstrocytes respond differently to inflammatory triggers, showing increased neurotoxicity when exposed to certain chemicals, and astrocytes with senescent features have a higher level of neurotoxicity, linking aging to neurodegenerative diseases.
2692h agoSpinal motor neurons can be driven by impulsive common inputs, which induce synchronization among them and disrupt the linear transmission of other synaptic inputs.
2692h agoScientists developed a method to quantify cognitive resilience, identifying two distinct molecular subtypes with unique signatures, and showed that brain-derived molecular profiles can be translated to living individuals.
2692h agoThe ATPase N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) mediates diverse modes of endocytosis by driving closure of both fusion and fission pores, and plays a central role in regulating membrane fission, endocytosis, and exo-endocytosis coupling.
2692h agoA decrease in hippocampal androgen and estrogen levels with normal aging in male rats corresponds with a decrease in hippocampal dendritic spine density.
2700h agoA specific neural circuit involving serotonin projections from the median raphe region to the ventral hippocampus regulates anxiety-like behavior differently in female and male mice.
2700h agoThe mouse brain's molecular and structural complexity is mapped in a new dataset, which enables better analysis of brain regions and improves automated segmentation methods.
2700h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes brain signals in methamphetamine users, making their brain activity more like that of healthy people, which can be used to evaluate the treatment's effectiveness.
2704h agoThe Allee-based nonlinear plasticity model provides a robust framework for modeling neural adaptation, offering enhanced noise robustness, stable synaptic weights, and improved memory retention and pattern retrieval.
2704h agoA common framework is created to map all current and planned neuromodulation-based physiological closed-loop controllers, integrating FDA guidance, biomarker classification, and control systems theory to manage risk and optimize device development.
2704h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
2704h agoSophisticated Learning, a planning-to-learn algorithm, improves decision making under uncertainty by embedding active parameter learning inside a tree-search framework, allowing it to outperform other algorithms in a seasonal foraging task.
2704h agoWeak higher-order interactions can enhance synchronization in complex systems, while strong ones generally work against it.
2704h agoA three-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system develops a homoclinic/heteroclinic tangle as its normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds form and then lose normal hyperbolicity with increasing energy.
2704h agoRecurrence Pattern Correlation (RPC) measures the correlation degree of recurrence patterns to identify localized structures in time series dynamics.
2704h agoThe kinetic theory of soliton gases develops a solvable model for wave-mean field interaction in integrable turbulence, predicting soliton filtering and an induced mean field.
2704h agoA universal physical mechanism based on amplitude modulation and demodulation generates 1/f fluctuations, which are observed in a wide range of systems, through stochastic synchronization among oscillators and frequency-selective resonance.
2704h agoIncorporating the spatial coupling structure of a target system into machine learning models improves their ability to learn large-scale chaotic systems.
2704h agoA unified framework reveals that amplification in linear dynamical systems follows a general law, where response variance increases with a non-normal gain proportional to the square of a non-normal index, and applies to various physical, natural, and social systems.
2704h agoThe Ising ferromagnet with long-range power-law interactions has a ferromagnetic phase at finite temperatures when the interaction range exponent is between 0.74 and 2.
2704h agoFlat domain walls in ferromagnets become unstable and exhibit chaotic behavior when driven by a uniform magnetic field above a certain threshold.
2704h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on coupled disordered transmons protects the qubit subspace from leakage and removes leakage excitations through propagation and reset by feedback-measurement or dissipation.
2704h agoThe inner ear contributes to selective attention by modulating sound emissions based on focus on specific voices in noisy environments.
2720h agoParvalbumin interneurons contribute to spontaneous neurovascular dynamics and mediate the link between gamma oscillations and resting-state hemodynamic signals.
2720h agoTheta oscillations are related to spatial exploration, while alpha oscillations are associated with sustained attention, and both play a role in attentional processing depending on the dimension being explored.
2720h agoExcitatory subtypes in the visual cortex have distinct geometric signatures in population neural trajectories, with Cux2 neurons showing smaller trajectory scales and Emx1 and Slc17a7 neurons supporting broader, distributed integration.
2720h agoPrenatal lead exposure alters the development of brain cells, leading to more neurons and fewer astrocytes, which may contribute to cognitive and behavioral impairment.
2720h agoNMDAR loss in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence initially decreases dendritic spine density, but leads to a rebound in spine density and increased neurotransmission over time through compensatory mechanisms.
2724h agoAn interneuronal neuropeptidergic pathway helps regulate the balance between motor consistency and flexibility in skilled behaviors, such as birdsong, by controlling stability.
2724h agoTheta-paced stimulation of the nucleus reuniens during extinction training facilitates the acquisition of long-term extinction memories by enhancing neural activity and entraining oscillations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
2724h agoHouse crickets show hallmark features of cognitive aging, including sensory decline, learning impairments, and reduced resilience, similar to those found in mammals, making them a useful model for studying neural aging.
2736h agoParkinson's disease patients, especially males, have lower levels of certain amino acids in their blood, and this imbalance starts early in the disease, but is normalized by a specific surgical treatment called Deep Brain Stimulation.
2736h agoParkinson's disease causes degeneration of noradrenergic neurons in the caudal part of the locus coeruleus, which correlates with non-motor symptoms such as orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment, and reduces the area's responsivity to arousing stimuli.
2736h agoLithium carbonate improves cognitive and motor performance in healthy flies, but lithium orotate is not more effective in treating Alzheimer's symptoms.
2736h agoA dataset of 296 affective scenes rated on six social-affective dimensions provides a reliable tool for selecting scenes based on emotional and social-interpersonal features for behavioral and neurocognitive research.
2736h agoOGA regulates dendritic spine maturation, density, and synapse size, and modulates AMPAR receptors, making it a key player in excitatory synaptic remodeling.
2748h agoBistability in neuronal oscillations is influenced by the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity and their combined strength.
2748h agoChildren's brains consolidate motor memories better than adults' brains do over a short period of rest, and this may be because children's brains stay more actively engaged during rest.
2748h agoThe tail of the striatum regulates actions to sensory stimuli by suppressing inappropriate responses, and disruption of this function contributes to inhibitory control deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders.
2748h agoFoxA transcription factors control the development and function of enteric neurons in the gut throughout an animal's life.
2748h agoThe local cortical microcircuitry in the mouse primary visual cortex exhibits efficient brain organization, with characteristics such as small-world architecture, hub dominance, and modularity, similar to but more intensified than those found in macroscopic brain networks.
2748h agoSemaglutide drives weight loss by activating specific brain cells through multiple signaling pathways, including Gs and Gq pathways, to regulate neuronal activation and increase levels of a key secondary messenger.
2752h agoVascular degeneration and amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease can be tracked using a new imaging pipeline, which shows that vessel diameter decreases and amyloid plaque formation increases with age.
2752h agoATHENA, an open-source toolbox, accurately tracks hand movements in 3D without markers, producing similar results to traditional marker-based systems at a lower cost and with greater ease of use.
2752h agoAlpha-motoneurons exist along a circular continuum between slow and fast types, with a novel subtype, S/FF, exhibiting hybrid characteristics of both slow and fast types, which resists ALS degeneration.
2752h agoGIPR agonism reduces food intake and prevents aversion by acting on distinct neural circuits, with GIPR agonists alleviating inflammation-induced aversion through a mechanism that involves reducing the activity of neurons that encode aversion.
2752h agoOropouche virus infection disrupts human neural development, leading to cell death, depletion of brain cells, and abnormal brain structure, and may impair brain development and cause birth defects.
2752h agoIntrabody therapy that targets intracellular tau reduces tau pathology and restores neuronal function in a mouse model of tau-related diseases.
2752h agoChanges in neural representations over time are shaped by prior knowledge and learning, and flawed study designs can create artificial patterns of brain activity that mimic perceptual reorganisation.
2752h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be turned into nerve cells that can survive, mature, and improve recovery after spinal cord injury when transplanted into mice.
2752h agoChronic alcohol use alters gene expression in the hippocampus, affecting synaptic signaling, mitochondrial function, and calcium channels, which may contribute to context-induced relapse and memory problems.
2752h agoProlonged exposure to low levels of amyloid-beta protein causes changes in gene activity that impair memory and may drive the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
2756h agoSoluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPPalpha) helps prevent runaway synaptic modification and maintains effective associative memory function by enhancing separation between encoding and retrieval.
2756h agoCocaine use disorder is linked to specific areas of brain damage that are connected by white matter pathways and share similar activity and molecular profiles.
2756h agoSocial context and dominance shape the decisions, attention, and brain activity of macaques, with better performance in social settings, but decreased motivation under altruistic and competitive conditions.
2756h agoThe primary somatosensory cortex on the same side as tactile stimuli shows a biphasic blood-oxygen-level-dependent response, with an initial negative response followed by a positive one that is more sensitive to stimulus intensity.
2756h agoParent-child autonomic synchrony predicts the strength of extinction learning in youth, who can directly and vicariously modify learned threat associations through distinct neurobiological profiles.
2756h agoMemories that are reactivated during sleep can be identified as emotional or neutral within 0.4-0.6 seconds using EEG and machine learning.
2756h agoThe study couples transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) induced electric fields to neural states of cells and cell populations, and finds that TMS induces unique directionally sensitive distributions of synaptic outputs in time and space for each cell type in the primary motor cortex.
2756h agoConvolutional neural networks can be modified to include recurrence, allowing them to model temporal dynamics and biological vision, and a new toolbox called DynVision makes it easier to build and test these models.
2756h agoMobile eye-tracking studies can be effectively conducted in large-scale outdoor urban environments, capturing a wide range of natural human behavior with minimal constraints.
2756h agoSurround suppression increases as the categorical similarity between a central scene and its surroundings decreases, with the strongest suppression occurring when the center and surround are from different superordinate categories.
2760h agoLight exposure and its retinal encoding affect human physiology and behavior across multiple time scales, and this tutorial presents an analysis pipeline for processing and analyzing visual experience datasets, particularly for human chronobiology and myopia research.
2760h agoPexidartinib depletes retinal mononuclear phagocytes and, when combined with hypoxia, provides complete protection for retinal ganglion cells in a mouse model of mitochondrial dysfunction.
2764h agoTeneurin-3 and Latrophilin-2 molecules instruct target selection of many neurons through a combination of attraction and repulsion, enabling a limited number of wiring molecules to specify trillions of connections in developing brains.
2768h agoHuntington disease is caused by a mutation in the huntingtin gene, which results in decreased neuronal health and brain damage, and researchers find that loss of normal huntingtin function decreases intrinsic neuronal excitability and produces a neuroinflammatory response.
2768h agoCerebellar stimulation reduces seizure burden in temporal lobe epilepsy when done early, and this effect is not dependent on the integrity of Purkinje cells.
2768h agoTeneurin-3 and latrophilin-2 proteins are expressed in opposing gradients that help form "body maps" in the somatosensory system, and manipulating them distorts the maps and impairs accurate localisation of stimuli on the body.
2768h agoAMPK in hypothalamic astrocytes acts as a link between metabolic state and circadian control by sustaining daily rhythms and stabilising the clock protein PER2.
2768h agoExecutive control emerges from coordination between medial frontal control hubs and posterior representational systems, as shown by scalp EEG and intracranial EEG recordings during a working memory task.
2768h agoInverse expression of Teneurin-3 and Latrophilin-2 predicts neural circuit connectivity across diverse brain regions in mice.
2768h agoA new method isolates microglial nuclei from frozen brain tissue using PU.1 as a marker, enabling high-sensitivity transcriptomic analysis of microglial states in cryopreserved and archival samples.
2768h agoThe expression of a specific isoform of the BIN1 gene in the presynaptic terminal leads to synaptic loss and altered synaptic structure.
2768h agoActivating CD11b with the small-molecule agonist LA1 reduces microglial activation and myeloid cell infiltration, thereby decreasing neuroinflammation and pathology in a Parkinson's disease model.
2768h agoMice with a disrupted Nrxn1 gene respond early in a time-judging test, showing a timing deficit similar to that observed in people with autism.
2768h agoKranocytes form a network-like structure that connects adjacent neuromuscular junctions, interacts with the microvasculature, and helps regulate blood flow and muscle regeneration.
2768h agoDopamine activity in the brain encodes a teaching signal that helps learning in both positive and negative situations, enabling unified adaptation to rewards and punishments.
2768h agoObsessive-compulsive tendencies interfere with the normal interplay between automatic learning and goal-directed control, even at non-clinical levels.
2768h agoThe ROSMAP-Compass resource, comprising over 22 million high-quality nuclei from 2,058 donors, provides a fully harmonized dataset for Alzheimer's disease research by integrating and reprocessing large-scale single-cell data from multiple sources.
2772h agoThe study unifies diverse analyses across unsupervised learning, network science, imaging neuroscience, and network neuroscience by describing equivalences that connect clustering, dimensionality reduction, network centrality, and dynamics.
2776h agoScientific infrastructure must evolve into a dynamic, AI-aligned ecosystem to accelerate science and overcome current limitations.
2776h agoLarge language models with around 70 billion parameters achieve human-comparable accuracy in abstract reasoning and form similar representations to humans, suggesting a shared representational space between biological and artificial intelligence.
2776h agoHigh daily screen time is linked to higher risks of anxiety, depression, behavior problems, and ADHD in children and adolescents, partly due to reduced physical activity, irregular bedtime, and insufficient sleep.
2776h agoA fixed neural structure can operate in different computational modes driven by the temporal dynamics of its input signals, not just its static architecture.
2776h agoGFAP elevation correlates with speech anomaly severity in acute brain injury, and combining GFAP and voice features improves early detection of speech anomalies.
2776h agoThe Algonauts2025 Challenge found that teams could predict human brain activity from long, multimodal movies, with the top teams able to accurately forecast brain responses to unseen films.
2776h agoThe Connectome-based Monotonic Inference of Neurodegenerative Dynamics (COMIND) model combines brain connectivity with diffusion and logistic models to accurately track progressive neurodegeneration with a limited number of parameters.
2776h agoEDAPT, a task- and model-agnostic framework, eliminates calibration in brain-computer interfaces by continually adapting models to changing neural signals, improving accuracy over conventional methods.
2776h agoProlonged proximity within personal space boundaries causes higher physiological arousal than approach, and angry facial expressions decrease parasympathetic activity and increase discomfort.
2776h agoThe computational ability of reservoir recurrent neural networks grows sublinearly with the number of readout neurons, and neuronal correlations govern both memory capacity and nonlinear processing.
2776h agoTurbulence exhibits a broad range of scaling exponents, which are linked to singular solutions of the Euler equations and can be characterized by a dynamic approach using a reversible framework and a non-dimensional efficiency number.
2776h agoMechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints that depend on a small parameter behave like a combination of a slightly modified holonomic system and slowly varying integration constants.
2776h agoControlling multiple limit cycles through hierarchical, stepwise periodic modulation enables reliable switching between rhythmic states in nonlinear dynamical systems.
2776h agoThe chaotic motion of scattered disk objects is driven by overlaps between series of resonances, specifically 2:j, 3:j, 4:j, and so on, which shape the dynamics and distribution of these distant minor bodies orbiting the sun.
2776h agoDynamic Mode Decomposition can be improved to better analyze transient dynamics by introducing time-varying amplitudes for its modes, allowing for identification of key modes and their transient activities.
2776h agoA novel stable multipulse soliton attractor, consisting of one to seven soliton pulses, forms in fiber lasers and is highly resistant to external disturbances.
2776h agoSolitons in a one-dimensional binary Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit intricate bifurcations, stability maps, and dynamics under the influence of spin-orbit-coupling and Lee-Huang-Yang correction.
2776h agoHebbian learning in artificial neural networks creates and destroys attractors, leading to formation of memories and unwanted features such as spurious memories and catastrophic forgetting through bifurcations in connection weights.
2776h agoApplying a general construction to bigraded Hopf algebras yields two-parameter quantum groups from their standard one-parameter versions.
2776h agoRandom permutation circuits exhibit quantum chaos when the dimension of their local configuration space exceeds two, but not when acting on qubits.
2776h agoAn increase in the Peclet number destabilizes the uniform steady state, while an increase in the nonlinear growth parameter of species A stabilizes it, in an active fluid system involving two chemical species with nonlinear growth.
2776h agoA new formalism defines chaos in quantum and classical systems equivalently, using adiabatic transformations to measure chaos through the complexity of changes in response to small Hamiltonian deformations.
2776h agoA new learning paradigm that uses link strength oscillations enables artificial intelligence networks to rapidly adapt to new contexts and learn from limited data.
2776h agoDomain walls in ferromagnets become unstable and exhibit chaotic behavior when driven by a magnetic field above a certain threshold and with a length exceeding a critical value.
2776h agoDeep reinforcement learning trains effective nonlocal transition policies that improve solution quality and speed for hard combinatorial optimization problems.
2776h agoThe computational ability of reservoir recurrent neural networks grows sublinearly with the number of readout neurons, and neuronal correlations govern both memory capacity and nonlinear processing.
2776h agoSound damping in glasses is influenced by defects and heterogeneous elasticity, and there are two mechanisms behind it: one related to defects and another that occurs even in defect-free materials.
2776h agoDisorder does not destroy a mobility edge near the flat band energy in twisted bilayer graphene, even when all Chern numbers are zero.
2776h agoThe Random-Key Optimizer (RKO) framework combines multiple classic metaheuristics to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems by producing high-quality solutions across diverse problem domains.
2776h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
2776h agoTunneling nanotubes-like connections exist in the developing cerebellum and may contribute to intercellular communication between brain cells.
2788h agoHere is a simple to read sentence summary of the paragraph: Temperature experience modulates the transcription and trafficking of thermoreceptors on different timescales in C. elegans AFD thermosensory neurons to regulate their adaptability in response to changing temperatures.
2796h agoMutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome by making astrocytes produce factors that lead to early formation of perineuronal nets, which close the critical period of brain development too soon.
2796h agoChanges in alpha and theta band activity in the brain are associated with perceptual grouping, with alpha band oscillations playing a role in directing attention and theta band oscillations facilitating the integration of visual elements into coherent percepts.
2796h agoLocal synthesis of neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen, including neuro-testosterone, directly contributes to neural plasticity and performance, offering new methodological improvements through improved measurement of these steroid concentrations and study methodologies.
2796h agoThe study finds that rule-learning occurs abruptly in a kind of "lightbulb moment," with rodents suddenly enhanced neural activity and memory consolidation from the beginning of a difficult olfactory-discrimination task.
2796h agoShared variability in neural activity across trials is directly reflects information communicated to higher brain areas rather than noise, as it reliably aligns with task-relevant features and guides behavior.
2796h agoThe Perceptual Reality Transformer simulates eight neurological perception conditions, allowing others to experience what it's like to live with conditions such as simultanagnosia, prosopagnosia, and Alzheimer's memory effects.
2800h agoThe hybrid optimization framework, ENOMAD, which combines global evolutionary search with local direct exploitation, improves performance on a set of tasks by refining the existing neural connectome of the nematode C. elegans, leveraging its leveraging the organism's derived weight priors rather than rebuilding its circuitry.
2800h agoLearned features used in computational models can be biased, or skewed towards representing some characteristics more strongly than others, which can lead to flawed conclusions when comparing neural representations between systems.
2800h agoCategory learning changes perception by creating separation between categories and compressing within categories, and this change is linked to changes in brain activity.
2800h agoHere is a simple to read sentence summary of the paragraph: Vision Models (VLMs) consistently struggle with mechanical reasoning, particularly with significant difficulties in understanding gear and fluid mechanics, and their performance does not improve even improve with more parameters. Alternatively, here is another version: Current Vision Models (VLMs) perform poorly on mechanical reasoning tasks, especially on gear and fluid mechanics, and adding more parameters does not seem to help. I replaced it with a more concise and straightforward sentence that still conveys the same information: Vision Models (VLMs) perform poorly on mechanical reasoning tasks, especially on gear and fluid mechanics.
2800h agoA mathematical model shows that a deformable droplet floating on a liquid surface can move through diffusiophoresis driven by surface tension gradients, and can exist in one of three stable states: circular and immobile, elliptically deformed and immobile, or moving with an elliptic deformation.
2800h agoElementary Cellular Automata behaviours can be quantified by computing the entropy of initial configurations converging to attractors, linking this entropy to Wolfram's qualitative classification scheme.
2800h agoThe stability of steady-state solutions of the Wave-Kinetic Equations for acoustic waves is ensured by different mechanisms in 2D and 3D equilibrium and non-equilibrium solutions.
2800h agoCoupled-resonator systems generate solitons that periodically transfer between resonators, with the origin of this soliton hopping process differing fundamentally between systems with two and three resonators.
2800h agoSimple models capture generic features of heat transport between two quantum mechanical systems, including transient current peaks and the emergence of a non-equilibrium steady state.
2800h agoThe hybrid optimization framework, ENOMAD, which combines global evolutionary search with local direct exploitation, improves performance on a set of tasks by refining the existing neural connectome of the nematode C. elegans, leveraging its leveraging the organism's derived weight priors rather than rebuilding its circuitry.
2800h agoChaos is typical in certain spaces, but averaging over different backgrounds suppresses chaos and brings behavior closer to that of black hole backgrounds.
2800h agoA mathematical model based on physicochemical steps explains the oscillations that occur during the anodic dissolution of silicon electrodes, describing the formation and dissolution of an oxide layer and determining its composition and electrostatic potential.
2800h agoA novel control law guides heterogeneous Euler-Lagrange systems to a target formation without needing prior system parameter knowledge, while avoiding collisions.
2800h agoQuantum states in certain periodically driven systems can recur after a finite amount of time, and an arithmetic framework identifies all possible recurrence times by analyzing the spectrum of the system's unitary evolution.
2800h agoInterface-induced turbulence exists in low-Reynolds-number binary-fluid mixtures, characterized by a statistically steady state with spatiotemporal chaos, a spread energy spectrum, and diffusive behavior of Lagrangian tracer particles.
2800h agoMcDuff's method of probes is adapted to study semitoric integrable systems, and applied to 3 examples to examine the displaceability properties of their fibers.
2800h agoRelaxation mechanisms lead to distinct dynamical regimes in elastic disordered interfaces, including a coexistence of pinned and flowing states in 2D systems with long-range interactions.
2800h agoBoolean Fourier analysis can represent complex sign structures of spin-$1/2$ magnetic systems as polynomial functions, which may be learned more easily than with neural networks.
2800h agoCircularly polarized laser light induces edge modes in monolayer amorphous carbon, making it a potential material for engineering topological phases.
2800h agoA general framework classifies fermionic dynamical systems with measurements using symmetry and topology, revealing a dynamical bulk-boundary correspondence that connects the topology of a system's spacetime bulk to its steady-state ensemble on its temporal boundary.
2800h agoThe Ising model on hyperbolic lattices exhibits an intermediate phase, where bulk ordering is induced by boundary effects, in addition to paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases.
2800h agoBrain-computer interfaces can decode intended speech from people with severe speech disorders, including those with locked-in syndrome and ventilator dependence due to ALS.
2804h agoUsing embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors ISL1 and LHX3 partially rejuvenates the gene expression profile of mature neurons, making them more resistant to diseases of aging.
2808h agoDifferentiable simulations and reinforcement learning enable simulated cells to self-organize into emergent developmental patterns by responding to local chemical and mechanical cues.
2808h agoGestational age at birth and postnatal age have different effects on the maturation of the human cortex, with birth age dominating global increases in microstructural density and postnatal age leading to slower increases in density and changes in intracortical balance.
2816h agoAcetylcholine modulates deviance detection in the brain by amplifying the response to unexpected events up to a point, before suppressing it.
2820h agoDelta-catenin haploinsufficiency disrupts social behavior, fear learning, and memory in mice by altering glutamatergic synaptic activity.
2820h agoMotor neurons undergo extensive transcriptional changes as they mature, initially diversifying into many subtypes in the embryo and then coalescing into a more homogenous state before re-diversifying into distinct subtypes in postnatal life.
2820h agoQuestion Answering encoding models accurately predict brain responses to language stimuli and provide interpretable maps of language selectivity across the cortex.
2820h agoThe basal ganglia uses a novel computational model that represents continuous action spaces with vector-symbolic algebras, allowing it to be involved in action specification, including selecting speed and vigor.
2820h agoSensory encoding fidelity in the auditory cortex interacts with prior expectations to shape our choices, and fluctuations in this fidelity predict behaviour.
2820h agoMolecular layer interneurons (MLIs) in the cerebellar cortex track whisker position during free whisking and respond to tactile contact with additional activation, providing a stable representation of whisker position that is disrupted by sensory input.
2820h agoThe midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) generates defensive behaviors, and neurons in its two columns, vl- and dmPAG, use different synaptic mechanisms to prioritize frequency-invariant coding strategies in response to threat.
2820h agoThe study develops a new approach to understanding collective activity in neural networks with compartmentalized neurons that generate different types of spikes.
2824h agoMulti-dimensional Neural Decoding simultaneously extracts multiple motor variables from single neural population recordings, and the OrthoSchema framework improves decoding accuracy in various neural control tasks.
2824h agoCategory learning changes perception by creating separation between categories and compressing within categories, and these changes are linked to changes in brain activity.
2824h agoThe core computation of attention in transformer architectures can be reinterpreted as Pavlovian conditioning, where attention operations construct transient associative memories via a Hebbian rule.
2824h agoA family of recurrent neural networks called Fast Weight Programmers uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage with dynamically changing synaptic weights.
2824h agoEmergent properties arise in systems with many interacting parts, characterising phenomena that are not present in the individual parts, and are central to understanding major challenges across physics, biology, social sciences, and computing.
2824h agoAn artificial intelligence architecture simulates the human working memory system with interconnected neural networks that maintain and update high-level representations, leading to iterative shifts in thought and potentially human-like cognition.
2824h agoThe dorso-central insula (DCI) receives visual input from the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and sends it to the fronto-parietal network when observing actions, and it receives motor input from the premotor ventral (PMv) area and sends it to the intraparietal lobule (IPL) when executing actions.
2824h agoThe organization of causal signaling networks in the brain of C. elegans differs from its anatomical structure, with functional modules not aligned with modular boundaries of the anatomical network.
2824h agoHebbian learning changes the type of chaos transition in recurrent neural networks from continuous to discontinuous when the Hebbian strength is large.
2824h agoScientists discovered 10,059 three-dimensional periodic orbits of the three-body problem, including 1,996 stable ones, using a high-accuracy numerical strategy.
2824h agoA three-step strategy, DA-CAE-ESN, accurately forecasts chaotic systems in real-time by compressing data, predicting temporal dynamics, and assimilating noisy and sparse measurements.
2824h agoThe pre-evacuation phase, where people decide to move to a safe place, crucially impacts the total time required for safe egress in crowd evacuation.
2824h agoHumans' limited rationality helps them cooperate in hunter-gatherer societies by changing the stag-hunt game into a coordination game, making cooperation stable through evolutionary forces that favour less rational individuals.
2824h agoMM-curves have a specific structure with g tropical cycles and g+1 real ovals, and on certain MM-curves, non-smooth Dubrovin-Natanzon divisors can be constructed using two basic types of blow-ups.
2824h agoThe minimal seeds for transitioning to turbulence and relaminarization lie in distinct regions of state space and have different structures, with the optimal perturbation for relaminarization distributed across multiple modes.
2824h agoThe anti-localization of non-stationary linear waves, where the propagating component of a wave-field zeros out near a defect, also occurs in nonlinear systems.
2824h agoThe study investigates breather-to-soliton transitions and nonlinear wave interactions for a specific equation, and finds novel converted waves and their interactions.
2824h agoTurbulence in pipe flow spreads through a process called puff self-replication, which happens when one puff transitions into two puffs via an edge state that acts as a tipping point.
2824h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave through nonlinear Landau damping and wave-wave interactions, with differing effects for positively and negatively charged debris.
2824h agoThe dRSJ model, a deformation of the RSJ model, exhibits a rotation number quantization effect where phase-lock areas exist only for integer rotation number values, but the constrictions that separate these areas break down.
2824h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress depends on temperature, with fracture stress and strain, as well as Young modulus, decreasing linearly with rising temperature.
2824h agoDigital quantum simulations show that flat-band physics can be studied on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers through circuit compression, enabling control of quantum transport and particle dynamics.
2824h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
2824h agoThe Ising chain model with random bonds and fields has a low-energy behavior that depends on the type of random fields present, with different fixed-points and critical points emerging in different scenarios.
2824h agoHebbian learning changes the type of chaos transition in recurrent neural networks from continuous to discontinuous when the Hebbian strength is large.
2824h agoScalable Monte Carlo simulations enable the study of systems with over one billion atoms while maintaining first-principles accuracy.
2824h agoThalamic bursts during non-REM sleep do not awaken the cortex because of the way they interact with the thalamocortical system, and instead, thalamic bursts increase during non-REM sleep despite expected depolarization.
2828h agoTau phosphorylation patterns play a crucial role in regulating tau's interaction with microtubules in developing human neurons.
2828h agoSynAnno, an interactive tool, streamlines and enhances the proofreading of synaptic annotations in large-scale connectomics datasets by integrating guided proofreading, a structured workflow, and fine-tuned machine learning models.
2828h agoA new framework using differential geometry accurately tracks changes in the shape and structure of multiple sclerosis lesions over time in pediatric patients.
2828h agoHuman-specialized features of immature dentate granule cells are characterized by human-specific gene expression and convergent biological processes, and these cells' enriched proton-transporting ATPase subtypes play a role in neuronal development.
2832h agoKenazLBM, a new brain-state model, can characterize a person's brain state instantly and predict future brain states using raw brain data.
2832h agoIn women with epilepsy, seizure frequency and severity worsen during the perimenstrual phase due to changes in brain chemicals, whereas in healthy women, they worsen during the mid-follicular phase.
2832h agoDNAJC7, a Hsp40 co-chaperone, suppresses polyQ aggregation by physically interacting with polyQ-expanded protein, and plays a role in regulating folding of disease-associated proteins.
2832h agoBiological neural networks can learn and generate diverse temporal patterns, producing coherent outputs, when trained with simple feedback and controlled network formation.
2832h agoPatients with neurofascin-155-mediated autoimmune nodopathy (NF155-AIN) have defective B cell tolerance, abnormal B cell receptor signaling, and disrupted T cell-B cell interactions, which contribute to the development of autoreactive antibodies.
2832h agoThe auditory cortex and prefrontal cortex form a network that detects deviations from expected sensory input, with the auditory cortex encoding early sensory patterns and the prefrontal cortex supporting predictive and error signals.
2832h agoSpike synchrony provides crucial information about stimulus familiarity when the input stimulus varies in saliency and firing rate alone is insufficient.
2832h agoDrivers who take longer to complete a simple smartphone test are more likely to fail an on-road driving test, and this test can predict unsafe driving with high accuracy.
2832h agoA new method uses physical properties and deep learning models to accurately predict and control odor intensity, allowing for precise identification of key contributors to aroma perception.
2832h agoStudies of heartbeat-evoked responses show substantial differences in methods and findings, with most studies lacking transparency and statistical power, and a checklist is provided to improve standardization and reliability.
2832h agoPeople with aphantasia, who lack mental images, have poor visual working memory, and their performance is equally impaired for verbal and non-verbal visual information.
2832h agoThe geometry of neural dynamics on the attractor landscape reflects changes in attentional states over time and varies across controlled and naturalistic contexts.
2832h agoThe brain's shape closely matches its functional connections when neurons are locally connected, but this match deteriorates as local connections are disrupted.
2832h agoGlobal activity patterns from other brain areas, such as the anterior cingulate area, contribute substantially to trial-to-trial variability in visual cortical neuron responses, more so than behavioral factors.
2832h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces GABA levels in the brain and improves motor learning in healthy adults.
2832h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation paired with motor skill practice enhances cortical plasticity in humans, without improving motor performance, and promotes task-specific cortical reorganization through noradrenergic modulation.
2832h agoThe literature on fatigue's effect on motor learning is limited, with most studies using young adults and inconsistent methods, and shows that fatigue induced by physical exertion is more commonly studied than fatigue induced by cognitive exertion.
2832h agoDRPLA disease-causing protein disrupts normal brain cell function, leading to changes in brain cell communication, inflammation, and protein quality control.
2832h agoManual lymph drainage, a light skin massage, improves cognitive function and reduces Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
2832h agoThe EEG responses to visual stimuli can be predicted using simple statistical models, with even the simplest autoregressive model performing as well as more complex models in capturing the patterns of brain activity.
2832h agoThe melanocortin system, which helps control energy balance, can now be studied in real-time using a new sensor called FLAREMC, which detects changes in a specific peptide that regulates appetite.
2832h agoNeural adaptation to repeated stimuli can lead to either behavioral habituation or invariant responses, and a mathematical framework shows that this flexible translation is due to sensory networks optimizing stimulus encoding and representations forming over two time scales.
2832h agoThis protocol isolates five distinct cell types from a single mouse brain, including oligodendrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neurons.
2832h agoTHIK2 channels limit neuronal hyperexcitability and their dysfunction leads to thermal hypersensitivity, suggesting they could be a potential therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory pain.
2832h agoPericyte and capillary instability at the site where capillaries converge to major veins causes mild hypoperfusion, leading to myelin degradation during brain aging.
2836h agoReduced blood flow due to selective constriction and rarefaction of capillary-venous networks contributes to age-related white matter damage in mice.
2836h agoUsing embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors, scientists partially rejuvenate the gene expression profile of mature neurons, making them more resistant to an ALS model.
2836h agoThe structure of the olfactory bulb and its related brain regions is partly genetically determined, with genetic influence affecting the olfactory network as a whole rather than the olfactory bulb alone.
2836h agoAnimals use an additive algorithm of three visual features - motion coherence, luminance level, and changes in luminance - to integrate multiple sensory inputs and guide decision-making.
2836h agoTilia extract increases sleep amount, especially during dark hours, and alters EEG signals, changing the power in gamma and theta bands, without disrupting normal sleep and wake patterns.
2836h agoDamaged axons can recover completely if extracellular calcium is depleted, through microtubule regrowth, after partial damage where the axonal plasma membrane remains intact but cytoskeletal elements disintegrate.
2836h agoCD4+ T-cells infiltrate and accumulate in the hypocretin region of narcolepsy type 1 brains, which may contribute to the autoimmune process that causes the disorder.
2836h agoHigh frequency broadband activity can be detected noninvasively in infants through fontanelles and thin skull using scalp electroencephalography, with greater power found in wake versus sleep states.
2836h agoFlower isoforms regulate cell survival and death through a novel signaling pathway that uses extracellular vesicles to communicate between cells, promoting survival of healthy cells and eliminating less healthy ones.
2836h agoDifferent patterns of dopamine release are linked to social reward behaviors in males and females, with phasic and tonic dopamine release playing distinct roles in males but not females.
2840h agoChildhood neglect and deprivation impair cognitive development by reducing TREM2 expression, which affects microglial pruning, but enrichment and TREM2 overexpression can normalize these deficits.
2840h agoGlutamate and dopamine release in specific parts of the brain predict flexibility and cocaine-seeking behavior in rats.
2844h agoPatients with schizophrenia have impaired semantic structure and retrieval, which contributes to their difficulties in communicating coherently.
2844h agoBeta oscillations occur in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex when rats reach goal locations, and their strengths in these two regions change inversely as the rats learn.
2844h agoSynuclein oligomers spread to the substantia nigra, causing astrocyte and neuron dysfunction, and researchers identified a set of genes that could be targeted for therapy.
2844h agoA network-specific approach that groups brain networks into clusters and trains separate models for each cluster improves prediction accuracy of brain responses to complex movies.
2848h agoThe human brain's structure and function can be used to create more efficient and interpretable artificial neural networks.
2848h agoPeople can easily spot simple patterns in others' behavior but struggle to detect complex patterns, and a large language model-based agent's abilities to do so closely mirror those of humans.
2848h agoSMOTE-based data augmentation yields the highest classification accuracies for neuronal cell types, outperforming deep generative models like GANs, VAEs, and others.
2848h agoRepresenting neural network training dynamics as functional connectomes effectively captures key transitions in network organization and provides a robust indicator of learning progress.
2848h agoTop-down feedback in neural networks improves image classification speed, accuracy, and robustness to noise and adversarial attacks when combined with simulated neural variability.
2848h agoThe parameters of attractor neural networks can be adjusted to change decision-making biases without altering the encoded choices.
2848h agoAn innovative machine-learning framework enables robust seizure detection across varied clinical datasets, achieving high performance within datasets and strong generalisation across datasets.
2848h agoEEG microstate features improve Large Language Models' predictions of cognitive load states, such as 'Rest' and 'Load', by fine-tuning the models with electroencephalography data.
2848h agoA transformer network trained on Pac-Man gameplay develops internal attention patterns that match monkeys' eye movements, revealing a hierarchical structure of attention comprising value-based and dynamic interaction layers.
2848h agoModel predictive control method accurately guides neural population activity along desired paths in low-dimensional neural manifolds, outperforming proportional-integral-derivative control in tests with partial observability and unknown noise.
2848h agoA working memory system that remembers recent events uses neurons with mixed selectivity to represent stimuli and time, allowing it to recall any stimulus at any delay.
2848h agoCortico-thalamic networks use a computation similar to multihead self-attention in transformer networks to perform cognitive tasks, with superficial and deep pyramidal cells having distinct computational roles.
2848h agoSummary statistics of neural activity can help predict performance as neural networks learn.
2848h agoThe Markov blanket density, which measures the degree of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle.
2848h agoThe deg-deg distribution of natural frequencies, where both layers employ degree-matched frequencies, enhances synchronization stability in multilayer networks of phase oscillators with phase-lag.
2848h agoA data-driven regression approach efficiently constructs reduced-order models of reaction-diffusion systems that exhibit pattern formation, improving prediction accuracy while maintaining low computational cost.
2848h agoDark solitons can undergo Thouless pumping, where they are transported by one or half a unit cell, as a system parameter is slowly varied over one cycle.
2848h agoThe two-component discrete KP hierarchy is a two-component generalization that can be formulated using a Lax equation with scalar Lax operators involving two difference operators.
2848h agoSelf-replicating structures can emerge on their own in a type of artificial life system called cellular automata, and they can be made up of multiple parts working together.
2848h agoSimulating bipartite games on a square lattice topology allows trust to emerge through an inter-role spatial reciprocity mechanism, where a moderate return ratio enables trustors and trustworthy trustees to form clusters.
2848h agoA Bose gas in a trap exhibits a beating signal of two frequencies during dipole compression oscillations, which changes as interactions shift from weak to strong.
2848h agoThe rational spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider model is quantized using quantum Hamiltonian reduction, resulting in an algebra of quantum observables that contains a loop algebra and Yangian.
2848h agoA novel spin-extended so($d+1$,1) algebra provides a framework for discussing properties of a $d$-dimensional matrix Hamiltonian with spin 1/2 and so($d+1$) symmetry.
2848h agoThe tau-function of any solution to the Toda lattice hierarchy is a KP tau-function, and this result can be generalized to the extended Toda hierarchy.
2848h agoThe quantum asymptotic amplitude for quantum oscillatory systems is defined, extending the classical nonlinear oscillator concept using the Koopman operator theory.
2848h agoThe integrability of a heavy gyrostat's motion with a fixed point in the Hess-Sretensky case can be expressed as a second-order linear differential equation with rational coefficients, which has Liouvillian solutions under certain conditions.
2848h agoActive microswimmers can efficiently mix fluids in microscopic systems by stirring the surrounding substrate, and a specific pattern with a local stable vortex droplet and an ordered oscillating phase achieves the highest degree of mixing.
2848h agoOptimizing auxetic metamaterials for both auxeticity and energy absorption reveals a trade-off between the two properties, with high auxeticity implying low energy absorption and vice versa.
2848h agoA statistical mechanics characterization of neural networks reveals nontrivial structural properties that are not captured by conventional metrics, by linking spin-glass description to data fitting, capacity, generalization, and robustness.
2848h agoA 43-qubit superconducting quantum processor simulates and characterizes emergent topological states, demonstrating the Hofstadter butterfly energy spectrum and verifying the existence of topological zero modes.
2848h agoScientists used a superconducting quantum simulator to study spin transport at infinite temperature and observed diffusive spin transport in a ladder-type quantum system.
2848h agoLarge language models are used to integrate knowledge from different fields to design and create new materials, such as a novel pollen-based adhesive with tunable morphology.
2848h agoReinforcement learning helps control quantum many-body systems by preventing entanglement spreading, and learned strategies create steady states with reduced entanglement.
2848h agoTwisted bilayer graphene with a disorderly twist angle has a divergent density of states at the Dirac point when the average twist angle is near the magic angle.
2848h agoTime delay impacts the organization of active matter, and in a system of swarmalators, aging occurs through the elimination of defects, leading to increased order, especially when a "boiling layer" forms at the cluster boundary.
2848h agoA neural network approach can reconstruct the classical mutual information and specific entropy of a quantum system from a limited number of projective measurements.
2848h agoThe quantum Mpemba effect, where systems with greater initial symmetry breaking restore symmetry faster, is observed and controlled in a superconducting processor, and its modulation is demonstrated through precise control of coupling regimes, on-site potentials, and initial states.
2848h agoStudying high-dimensional random landscapes reveals tools and concepts that help understand inference problems, such as low-rank matrix and tensor estimation, by mapping them onto optimization problems with distinct geometrical properties.
2848h agoThe study investigates models with tunable quasidisordered potentials and finds that extended, critical, and localized states can be distinguished by their phase-space representations, and the Wigner entropy peaks at the critical state, enabling precise localization of the mobility edge.
2848h agoA unified description of glassy dynamics can be based on a percolation perspective, where the alpha and beta relaxation processes in supercooled liquids and glasses are linked to the percolation of immobile and mobile particles.
2848h agoThe Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm accurately estimates the Shannon entropy of a quantum many-body system, allowing for detection of quantum phase transitions with polynomially many images.
2848h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
2848h agoThe human visual system uses internal references of physically realizable surface colors to determine when a surface appears self-luminous, and this process can be accurately predicted using optimal colors under natural viewing conditions.
2852h agoThe brain integrates task information into a single representation that guides behavior by concurrently encoding two types of associations: stimulus-response and stimulus-control associations.
2852h agoThe amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and its related measure are clarified through two variants that show mean BOLD intensity is positively correlated with both, requiring normalization, and z-scoring the BOLD signal affects some but not all measures.
2852h agoIndividuals with Parkinson's disease produce more and longer pauses in speech, especially in complex and long sentences, which contributes to fluency disruptions.
2852h agoComputational models of the primate brain can have high prediction accuracy but still have units that are not recoverable from neural activity, revealing a mismatch between model and brain representations.
2852h agoPregnancy causes changes in brain circuits that control appetite, specifically a reduction in excitatory inputs to oxytocin neurons, leading to increased food intake.
2852h agoA biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease risk can be identified in an auditory neural signal using the auditory brainstem response, which can accurately predict AD genetic risk in young and aged animals.
2852h agoPNPO enzyme in GABAergic neurons helps maintain brain function, especially when vitamin B6 is restricted, and its deficiency leads to seizures and short lifespan.
2856h agoMaCBench, a comprehensive benchmark, evaluates how vision language models handle real-world chemistry and materials science tasks.
2860h agoNeuroinflammation increases the risk of behavioral problems in mice with a Shank3 deficiency, and anti-inflammatory treatment can partially reverse these problems.
2860h agoHigher EMG amplitudes below a typical rejection threshold increase the probability of evoking a motor evoked potential with peak-to-peak amplitude of 50V or more.
2860h agoCircadian rhythm disruptions occur in C9orf72-ALS/FTD due to reduced neuronal activity in certain brain cells.
2860h agoVisceral fat removal improves metabolism and cognition in Alzheimer's disease mice, but only in males, and the benefits are linked to changes in glucose and lipid metabolism.
2860h agoMicroglia play a critical role in central nervous system pathologies, and their modulation offers therapeutic potential, with siponimod shown to modulate microglia populations, reducing inflammation and neuronal damage.
2860h agoStriatal function is domain specific, required for task-related movements but not for spontaneously expressed movements.
2864h agoA pancreas-hippocampus feedback loop links metabolic and circadian factors to behavioral fluctuations, potentially contributing to bipolar disorder.
2864h agoAn alternative splicing mechanism explains the retention of a C9orf72 intron segment in a translated mRNA in ALS–FTD neurons.
2864h agoThe sensory cortex's layer structure changes with age, with deep layer degeneration driving overall thinning and layer IV becoming thicker.
2864h agoMachine-learning analysis of single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals human-specific gene expression in immature neurons, but similar biological processes in the hippocampus across species.
2864h agoActivating Gs signaling at mitochondria increases mitochondrial metabolism, leading to better memory in mouse models of dementia, linking brain mitochondrial deficits to cognitive symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
2864h agoTau protein disrupts neural networks by silencing neurons, which can spontaneously recover, but fail to regain normal interactions, leading to a breakdown in network activity and connectivity.
2864h agoThe prefrontal cortex enables flexibility during environmental changes by dynamically updating and maintaining different encodings, and dysfunction in this process leads to maladaptive perseveration.
2868h agoThe brain's attentional resources switch between focusing on the current task and shifting to other locations at a theta rhythm frequency, making people more susceptible to distractors during certain windows of time.
2868h agoThe kappa opioid receptor (KOR) signaling switches from inhibitory to excitatory in a subset of dopamine neurons after an aversive experience or corticotrophin releasing factor exposure.
2868h agoDopamine projections play a crucial role in learning, motivation, and cognition by encoding reward prediction errors that train other neurons to learn reward-associated representations and values.
2868h agoSensory attenuation occurs when people associate their actions with sensory outcomes, and this effect happens even when they have little experience with the association.
2868h agoThe AGO-APP method, which uses the T6B peptide, allows isolating of miRNAs bound to Ago, and this method is now possible in vivo using two new transgenic mouse lines.
2868h agoA network of Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire neurons with temporally asymmetric Hebbian connectivity robustly reproduces a range of sequential neural activities, including persistent and transient patterns, without needing specialized mechanisms.
2872h agoAn ensemble-based graph representation method of fMRI data classifies human cognitive brain states with high accuracy by leveraging multiple machine-learning models to convey richer topological information.
2872h agoA balanced network of neurons with sparse synaptic links behaves like a single neuron subject to effective random noise, with the noise rate determined by the neuron state probabilities.
2872h agoA novel computational model using hierarchical active inference shows that reading and eye movements can be simulated through inference over a hierarchical generative model, facilitating predictions and inferences at various levels of language processing.
2872h agoThe scattering dynamics of kinks in a nonlinear system depend on the parameter λ, with small kinks showing complex behavior, including a non-monotonic critical velocity for separation, resonance phenomena, and the formation of large kinks, while large kinks consistently produce small kinks during collisions.
2872h agoCellular automata provide a simple yet powerful model for studying complex systems and emergent behaviors by representing algorithms through dynamic state-space configurations.
2872h agoModifying the kick sequence in an atom-optics kicked rotor system leads to enhanced localization, displaying a combination of increased diffusion followed by asymptotic localization.
2872h agoDynamical tunneling occurs in quantum systems where a classical particle would be trapped, allowing it to escape through dynamical barriers in chaotic Hamiltonian systems.
2872h agoInteractions between rotors can induce chaos in the integrable linear kicked rotor, and its quantum dynamics exhibit a variety of phases, including classically induced localization, dynamical localization, subdiffusive and diffusive phases.
2872h agoDynamical measures of quantum correlations, including OTOC, Loschmidt echo, and others, are periodic with kick strength k in a quantum kicked top, and this periodicity depends on the number of spins.
2872h agoThe quantum kicked rotor model can be used to implement a quantum algorithm for unstructured search and amplitude estimation, and its dynamical localization property can enhance the algorithm's performance by reducing its average runtime.
2872h agoChaos enhances or impedes the maximum unitarily extractable work from a quantum system, ergotropy, depending on whether the system state is known or unknown.
2872h agoA data-driven learning framework identifies governing laws of generalized diffusions with non-gradient components by combining energy dissipation laws with a physically consistent penalty and first-moment evolution.
2872h agoA novel framework combines Active Inference principles with Large Language Models to develop safe Artificial General Intelligence by integrating safety guarantees into the system's core design.
2872h agoA spin chain model with "free fermions in disguise" is presented where the frustration graph contains both claws and even holes, still allowing for free fermionic solvability due to special relations between coupling constants.
2872h agoThe flow past two side-by-side square cylinders is unstable, with two positive Lyapunov exponents and distinct regions of instability in the near-wake and further downstream.
2872h agoMechanical lattices made of elliptical gears exhibit topologically protected modes and amplitude-driven transitions due to quasiperiodic modulation and geometric nonlinearity.
2872h agoA regulatory framework based on stochastic martingale turnover allows biological systems, such as intestinal immunity, to autonomously achieve balanced population states through mutual cell competition and decay.
2872h agoActive particles with a broken symmetry can form micelles depending on their center of inertia, and this behavior is driven by the interplay of activity and particle shape asymmetry.
2872h agoThe enhanced solute diffusivity model, extended to concentrated alloys, captures solute trapping and microstructure development during rapid alloy solidification, producing robust results for a range of materials and processing parameters.
2872h agoLarger cities and denser neighborhoods have less per-capita built mass because their mass grows at a slower rate than their population.
2872h agoThe chaos in a two-temperature particle model increases nonlinearly with thermostat anisotropy, deviating from expected quadratic dependence, and shows non-Gaussian momentum statistics under strong driving.
2872h agoModifying the kick sequence in an atom-optics kicked rotor system leads to enhanced localization, displaying a combination of increased diffusion followed by asymptotic localization.
2872h agoA balanced network of neurons with sparse synaptic links behaves like a single neuron subject to effective random noise, with the noise rate determined by the neuron state probabilities.
2872h agoActive particles in ultrastable glasses cause a crossover from heterogeneous to homogeneous yielding, leading to continuous and delayed yielding through the emergence of multiple shear bands.
2872h agoThe SIS model on directed complex networks exhibits a nonequilibrium phase transition between the absorbing and endemic phases when the mean degree is greater than or equal to the inverse of the average infection rate.
2872h agoThe Parisi formula for mean-field multi-species spin glasses with convex covariance function can be transformed into a supremum over all probability measures, and it admits a unique maximizer.
2872h agoA primitive form of intuition emerges in large predictive models when they strike a balance between predicting the next token and exploring future possibilities.
2872h agoEquilibrium propagation can be used to compute gradients in hardware for damped dynamical systems, enabling mechanical and electronic systems to autonomously learn and process dynamical signals.
2872h agoEEG gamma power reflects large-scale synchronous activity that is spatially and feature-tuned, while alpha suppression is less spatially tuned and influenced by anticipatory and normalization processes.
2888h agoThe delay in calcium dynamics in neurons is associated with the number of manic episodes in bipolar disorder patients.
2888h agoEye movements encode the semantic meaning of remembered stimuli, specifically the category membership, and this is reflected in human gaze behavior.
2892h agoThe brain regions involved in social interaction, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, have specific causal interactions that change depending on whether an individual is the target of social gaze or directing gaze towards a partner.
2892h agoChanges in neurotransmitter levels, specifically invariant GABA and reduced glutamate, help preserve functional integration in the brain across the lifespan despite structural decline.
2892h agoATXN2 polyQ expansion impairs myelin maintenance, affecting key oligodendroglial proteins and causing splicing anomalies, leading to demyelination and delayed sensory responses.
2892h agoOlder adults rely more on vision to maintain posture control than younger adults, with older adults relying 40% on vision and younger adults relying 33%.
2892h agoNonquantal glutamatergic transmission from type I hair cells generates normal afferent firing patterns and dynamic vestibular behaviors, while glutamatergic release from type II hair cells is required for detecting gravity.
2892h agoImagination of pain activates similar brain areas as actual pain, but does not precisely replicate the specific pain patterns, and instead generates a more widespread and less precise pain-like activity.
2892h agoChanges in evoked EEG amplitude variability can detect cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease patients by showing delayed information processing and altered brain activity.
2892h agoDifferent phase lags in dual-site transcranial alternating current stimulation significantly affect key electric field characteristics, particularly when targeting closely spaced cortical areas like the primary motor cortices.
2892h agoPeak centre of mass acceleration and other measures such as number of reactive steps and perceived exertion are valid measures of balance training intensity that can be used to prescribe and report exercise intensity.
2892h ago3D surface-based computational mapping provides fine-scale maps of brain alterations in neurological, developmental, and psychiatric conditions more sensitively than traditional analysis.
2896h agoSensory inputs reshape collective brain activity by weakening neuronal connections, which integrates separate brain networks and allows for more efficient representation of sensory information.
2896h agoEEG signals can reliably predict the underlying spiking activity in the brain, and using a comprehensive account of EEG features, such as phase, amplitude, and phase-amplitude coupling, improves the accuracy of these predictions.
2896h agoSpontaneous physical activity, such as walking, suppresses the activity of AgRP neurons, which drive hunger-related behaviors, and this suppression encourages concurrent movement and exercise.
2900h agoVisual and vestibular signals from self-motion are processed in separate brain networks that have some overlap in specific areas.
2900h agoTraumatic brain injury causes a biphasic response in human neurons, with an early phase marked by excitotoxicity and network collapse, and a late phase characterized by sustained depolarization and structural remodeling.
2900h agoMicroglia direct the fates of injured motoneurons by adopting different phenotypes, one that promotes degeneration and another that facilitates regeneration, through TREM2 signaling.
2900h agoThe accumulation of mutant huntingtin exon1 protein partly explains the varying levels of damage in different brain regions and cell types in Huntington's disease.
2900h agoMultiple representations of a visual stimulus exist in the cortex at the same time, using different formats such as category, meaning, and location to keep the stimulus in memory.
2912h agoDifferent neural circuits shape alpha oscillations in the brain, with corticothalamic interactions in the back and corticocortical interactions in the front, and these interactions change with age.
2916h agoMammalian neocortex function relies on layer 6 corticothalamic neurons forming excitatory connections preferentially with parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons, rather than with other excitatory cells.
2916h agoImpaired autophagy correlates with a-Synuclein pathology and neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease models derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
2916h agoThe right side of the prefrontal cortex suppresses the brain's ability to learn from patterns in the environment, and its inhibition leads to more exploratory processing.
2916h agoThe brain encodes a multidimensional representation of uncertainty, specifically the probability of the most likely word and the spread across all plausible alternatives, when processing speech.
2916h agoWhen people receive new information that conflicts with their existing memories, their brains show a distinct pattern of activity in the prefrontal cortex, initially decreasing and then increasing, as they update and reorganize their memories.
2916h agoIn people with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, brain atrophy starts in the cerebellum and brainstem and progresses in a consistent pattern, affecting motor, cognitive, and emotional control regions.
2916h agoIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have reduced early auditory responses to speech cues, including typical and complex sounds.
2916h agoMutations in the GRIK2 gene lead to intellectual disability, developmental delay, motor impairments, and epilepsy in individuals by causing a gain-of-function in the kainate receptor.
2916h agoActivating projections from the left to the right medial prefrontal cortex during stress prevents stress-induced behavioral changes in mice, while inhibiting these projections increases vulnerability to stress effects.
2916h agoLarge language models are increasingly important in social science research, and guidance is provided on how to validate and use them as rigorous tools.
2920h agoAn action potential at a single excitatory synaptic contact in the cerebellar cortex can release more than one vesicle.
2920h agoAdolescent females at high risk for depression have a distinct gut microbiota profile characterized by a higher abundance of Prevotella and lower levels of beneficial genera, linked to their advanced adrenarcheal development.
2928h agoFocal lesions in different parts of the primary motor cortex produce distinct deficits in reach and grasp movements in rhesus monkeys, with New M1 lesions affecting movement variability and Old M1 lesions affecting movement speed.
2928h agoCocaine use disorder leads to changes in brain activity, marked by lower energy in brain networks, particularly in regions related to noradrenaline and mu opioid receptors, and affects a person's ability to control impulses and make decisions.
2940h agoWorking memory content drifts over time in the brain, changing from the original information to errors in memory reports, and this process involves information flowing from higher to lower visual areas.
2940h agoContinuous sensory feedback helps the brain make ongoing adjustments to motor control by engaging a dynamic feedback loop involving distinct neural processes.
2940h agoSerotonin plays a crucial role in regulating the time window for forming associations between environmental cues and threats, and helps distinguish real threats from irrelevant stimuli.
2940h agoAction requirements shape temporal prediction in the human cortex by amplifying error signaling when a response is needed.
2940h agoBeta oscillations play a key role in flexible prioritization of working memory content by clearing or inhibiting stimuli, with decreased beta power predicting the accuracy of recalled information.
2940h agoGreater neural sensitivity to feedback supports better motor learning, and cortical excitability related to memory consolidation supports better motor skill retention.
2940h agoRobotic and computer vision assessments detect differences between symmetrical and asymmetrical reaching, but provide varying metrics, with moderate correlations between the two approaches for unilateral and symmetric reaching but not for asymmetric reaching.
2940h agoRapamycin increases vascular smooth muscle cell protein expression in mesenchymal stem cells by acting on a key regulatory pathway, and also boosts a protein that promotes blood vessel growth.
2940h agoLarge language models can simulate language disorders such as aphasia when their components are selectively disabled, and retraining the remaining healthy parts can restore linguistic function.
2944h agoRe-entry of travelling excitation loops in brain networks drives human seizures, and precise stimulation or small lesions can stop these loops.
2944h agoThe covariance eigenvalue distribution of neural population activity can be precisely understood using equations that account for the nonlinearity of neurons, providing a unified interpretation for changes in the spectrum and dimension across different dynamical regimes.
2944h agoThe fractal frequency mapping enables complex neuronal effects by exciting new spectral components through fractal recomposition of input spectra, resulting in high sensitivity detection and robustness to noise.
2944h agoThe kinetic energy distribution of random recurrent neural networks shifts from zero to a positive value at a critical coupling variance, showing a power-law behavior near the critical point.
2944h agoA scalar reduction method determines the existence and stability of phase-locked states in forced or coupled systems, capturing their emergence and disappearance as a function of coupling strength and heterogeneity.
2944h agoA rational elliptic surface of rank 2 is defined by the invariant foliation of the plane for a given integrable map, and another integrable map commuting with the first is constructed.
2944h agoHighly frustrated magnets have a special high-energy dynamical state where interactions are suppressed, leading to unstable periodic orbits and a power-law distribution of amplitudes in mid-spectrum thermal eigenstates.
2944h agoThe kinetic energy distribution of random recurrent neural networks shifts from zero to a positive value at a critical coupling variance, showing a power-law behavior near the critical point.
2944h agoThe covariance eigenvalue distribution of neural population activity can be precisely understood using equations that account for the nonlinearity of neurons, providing a unified interpretation for changes in the spectrum and dimension across different dynamical regimes.
2944h agoA three-stage hyperspherical encoding method generates turbulent fields with accurate energy spectrum, vortex structures, and intermittency using a small number of qubits.
2944h agoActive Inference provides a foundation for developing autonomous AI agents that learn from experience without needing continuous human reward engineering.
2944h agoTopological modes of variability provide a concrete link between abstract topological invariants and time-dependent behavior in complex systems.
2944h agoStochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) effectively calibrates Pyragas delayed feedback control to suppress chaos in the Sprott circuit by optimizing control parameters.
2944h agoThe process of relaxation toward equilibrium in a quantum system is orders of magnitude faster than in its classical counterpart because a wave packet can escape regions of inefficient transport by a mechanism like tunneling.
2944h agoA minimal model proposes that self-propelled topological defects in a nematic active solid move by local remodeling of the nematic texture, leading to unbinding of defect pairs and stabilization of +1 defects.
2944h agoInstabilities in binary immiscible homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate are dominated by large vortex productions and sound-wave propagations, with different types of instabilities showing distinct behaviors in terms of vortex dynamics and sound wave excitations.
2944h agoCavity polaritons exhibit quantum collective behavior, including analogues of Bose-Einstein condensate and superfluidity at high temperatures, and their dynamics are affected by energy relaxation processes.
2944h agoAbrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
2944h agoIncreasing the effective temperature of charge carriers in organic semiconductors enhances conductivity and device performance.
2944h agoDisorder in Rydberg atom arrays leads to new classes of criticalities, even in low spatial dimensions where conventional disorder would destroy criticality, due to nontrivial local constraints.
2944h agoA novel framework combining shadow tomography and machine learning models enables efficient classification of quantum phases of matter using abundant training data from quantum simulators.
2944h agoA simple protocol using random SWAP tests achieves the same fidelity as the optimal Schur transform in purifying qubits, allowing for the extraction of information invariant under qubit permutations.
2944h agoThe partial projected ensemble framework reveals that statistical fluctuations and bit-string probabilities track the causal lightcone of information spreading in quantum many-body systems, showing how scrambling dynamics are encoded in ensemble structure.
2944h agoThe localization transition in a one-dimensional system with a composite potential has a reentrant phenomenon where increasing the amplitude of the periodic component enhances localization and strengthens mirror symmetry, leading to a paradoxical effect on the formation of extended states.
2944h agoHopfield networks with vector spins can denoise corrupted input patterns at large capacities as the spin dimension grows, but their retrieval phase shrinks with growing spin dimension.
2944h agoLattice anomalies, which are topological invariants of symmetry actions in lattice systems, reproduce expected properties of QFT anomalies but also have crucial differences, including the existence of non-trivial anomalies that are infrared trivial.
2944h agoTau protein plays a role in regulating synaptic function by controlling the actin cytoskeleton, and its elimination enhances synaptic weakening in male rats.
2944h agoUltrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) imaging through intact skull and skin allows high-resolution vascular imaging of the brain in non-human primates, enabling detection of small vessels and measurement of blood flow velocities.
2944h agoThe human cortex has distinct regional functionality governed by specific gene regulatory networks and transcription factors that control cell-type and region specificity.
2944h agoCK2 drives astrocytic inflammation by enhancing NF-kappaB activity, and its inhibition reduces inflammation in Alzheimer's disease models, making it a promising therapeutic target.
2944h agoMutations in the PROM1 gene cause inherited retinal dystrophy, and researchers have now successfully used gene therapy to restore PROM1 expression and improve visual function in patient-derived cells and mice.
2944h agoThe new energy landscape analysis framework, ELA/GAopt, uses a genetic algorithm to automatically select brain regions of interest and characterize brain activity, revealing reproducible and generalizable results that can aid in discovering neuroimaging biomarkers for clinical conditions.
2944h agoThe site of traumatic brain injury affects neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage, with different areas of impact leading to distinct microglial activation and neuronal vulnerability.
2944h agoZeoBind, an AI-accelerated workflow, enables the discovery and experimental verification of hits within chemical spaces containing hundreds of millions of zeolites.
2948h agoHuman behavior is replicated well by large language models, but deviates in important ways that could mislead social scientists.
2948h agoZeoBind enables high-throughput screening of molecules for zeolite synthesis by enumerating 2.3 million organic structure-directing agents and developing predictive models for binding affinity.
2948h agoCross-fostering affects hippocampal development in degu pups, with different effects in males and females, and in different regions of the hippocampus, depending on the type of cross-fostering.
2948h agoThe free-energy principle explains brain function through a unified theory, and works well in modelling how neurons organise themselves in living animals during decision-making.
2948h agoHybrid males adjust their courtship strategies based on the female species they interact with, and their behavior is shaped by their genetic background and the maternal strain.
2952h agoThe study finds that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has incoherent flow in the human brain's subarachnoid space, detectable using T1-D and T2-D MRI methods.
2956h agoAdding a vascular network to midbrain organoids creates a more complex model that better mimics the brain, allowing for studies on neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.
2956h agoExcessive sympathetic signaling in the autonomic nervous system is linked to cardiac dysfunction, and research in a mouse model finds that a specific neuronal subpopulation (NA1b) is increased, along with M-current potassium ion channels and genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and neurodegeneration pathways.
2956h agoThe visual cortex is organized by an action gradient, with areas that respond to body parts, hands, tools, and manipulable objects arranged along a specific axis.
2956h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) induces neuroplastic changes that persist, and when applied to the early visual cortex, it reduces visual evoked potentials in the opposite visual field in a dose-dependent manner.
2956h agoThe posterior parietal cortex monitors behavioral outcomes and reorganizes its neural representation as monkeys learn new visual-motor associations over multiple days.
2956h agoHuman iPSC-derived microglia, neurons, and astrocytes can be co-cultured in a stable and self-sufficient brain microtissue, allowing for investigation of cell-cell interactions and providing a new approach to study normal and pathological brain processes.
2956h agoThe miR-290-295 cluster is exclusively expressed in dopamine neurons of the adult substantia nigra pars compacta, where it maintains locomotor function and adequate dopamine production by regulating protein synthesis.
2960h agoLower concentrations of soluble SORL1 in cerebrospinal fluid are found in people with impaired SORL1 function due to genetic variants.
2960h agoDopamine signaling in the tail of the striatum helps regulate how mice adapt to unpleasant stimuli and learn to seek rewards.
2964h agoOxytocin receptor neurons in the prefrontal cortex promote social interaction by regulating the activity of pyramidal neurons to enable the choice of social over non-social options.
2964h agoMutations in the ATRX gene disrupt the development of brain regions, leading to intellectual disability, autism, and brain structural abnormalities, including impaired connectivity between the cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum.
2964h agoSex differences in emotional learning are driven by non-specific baseline differences in exploratory behavior, not by differences in learning valence.
2964h agoThe gene MEIS1 plays a conserved role in sleep maintenance, and its loss impairs cerebellar development and leads to sleep fragmentation.
2964h agoSodium ions spread rapidly within dendrites after a glutamate stimulus, causing a quick redistribution and recovery from local sodium increases, mainly driven by concentration differences.
2964h agoPsilocybin induces network-specific changes in brain connectivity, strengthening inputs from perceptual and medial regions to subcortical targets while weakening cortico-cortical recurrent loops.
2964h agoA new graph-diffusion network model simulates cortical maturation while preserving subject-specific cortical morphology, enabling the identification of subtle deviations from normal brain development patterns.
2968h agoThe combination of Active Inference and the Drift-Diffusion Model accounts for cognitive effort arising from habit violation and value discriminability, but has mixed results in predicting behavioral data from a two-step task.
2968h agoInvoluntary eye movements become less accurate as the dynamic properties of a ride-on machine change, making it harder to maneuver and increasing cognitive load.
2968h agoThe study of rodent social behavior now uses computational methods in artificial intelligence and machine learning to provide more nuanced insights, replacing traditional approaches that introduce bias and miss complexity.
2968h agoA new framework proposes tests to determine if artificial intelligence systems can have consciousness-like properties by assessing their interface representations.
2968h agoA new framework characterizes judgments of similarity within a perceptual or semantic domain, and makes inferences about the underlying structure of this domain from these judgments, by deriving indices that assess compatibility with symmetric dis-similarity, ultrametric space, and additive tree.
2968h agoThe brain's structural organization shapes its functional capabilities, and a new algebraic quantum model bridges the gap between the two by linking the brain's physical architecture to emergent brain functions.
2968h agoMotor cortex activity for controlling reach-to-grasp movements is concentrated in patches that are spatially organized, with separate areas for reaching and grasping.
2968h agoAction potentials are accompanied by a synchronized soliton pressure pulse in the cell membrane and consist of three inseparable states: the physiological action potential, the action potential pulse, and the computational action potential.
2968h agoBayesian models of cognition use predictive coding, which relies on simple local computations to drive learning and behavior through hierarchical probabilistic inferences about sensory inputs.
2968h agoRecurrent neural networks can generalize infinitely to data far beyond their training set when trained on a simple but nonlinear task with sufficient finite training experience.
2968h agoA hybrid system combining a neural network with a simulated system helps improve predictions of chaotic dynamical systems by refining model predictions to synchronize with actual system dynamics.
2968h agoThe adiabatic gauge potential generates special canonical transformations in classical systems, and its gradient can be computed efficiently as a classical function to reproduce expected results in simple and integrable systems.
2968h agoScientists derive conditions for glider patterns in Asymptotic Lenia, a variant of Conway's Game of Life, and use these conditions to discover novel glider configurations with specific properties.
2968h agoThe Central Dogma of molecular biology can be generalised as a division of labour between transmitting and expressing information, with nucleic acids perpetuating information and proteins enacting it to facilitate their function.
2968h agoIntegrability is a key property in studying the duality between superconformal gauge theories and strings in anti-de Sitter superspaces, and a representation of null-string equations in (anti-)de Sitter space is obtained as a Lax equation.
2968h agoA general framework combining phase-space reconstruction, recurrence matrices, and convolutional neural networks accurately predicts precursors to extreme events in turbulent dynamical systems.
2968h agoSupersymmetry algebras are used to construct expressions for invertible braid operators, which can be turned into spectral parameter dependent R-matrices that help create integrable models.
2968h agoCluster algebras generate Weyl group actions through a graph-combinatorial approach, providing a systematic way to derive tropical representations and relevant to q-Painleve equations.
2968h agoNon-normal dynamics in complex systems can cause transiently unstable regimes, called pseudo-bifurcations, which produce early-warning signals similar to those of bifurcations, but occur before actual bifurcations and may make systems appear closer to a critical point than they are.
2968h agoTopological protection makes edge oscillations in a two-dimensional grid of coupled oscillators robust against parameter mismatches, noise, and defects.
2968h agoA hypothetical condition links the thermal conductivity of nanoscale low-dimensional systems to the canonical motion of the Toda lattice, with numerical simulations confirming that the potential energy function induced from nonequilibrium steady states matches that of the Toda Lattice.
2968h agoA class of 2x2 random-matrix models with constrained matrix elements has been introduced, which exhibits the Brody distribution as the exact eigenvalue spacing distribution.
2968h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term and short-term memory and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
2968h agoThe frequency of generated time crystals in a one-dimensional quantum droplet is correlated with the system's temperature.
2968h agoDisorder and quenched interactions modify the static and dynamic properties of three-dimensional disordered quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensates, enhancing quantum depletion and condensate deformation in the asymptotic steady state.
2968h agoSlow dynamics in brain activity emerge naturally in networks of spiking neurons with partial symmetry in their connections.
2968h agoThe localization transition in the disordered Aubry-Andr\'e}-Harper model depends on the structural complexity of the potential, with more complex potentials inducing immediate localization.
2968h agoThis thesis develops analytical methods to study stochastic processes driven by colored noise, focusing on active particle systems, and derives exact expressions for key observables, including mean first-passage time and exit probability.
2968h agoQuantum circuit complexity helps build efficient unsupervised machine learning for topological order in quantum many-body systems by connecting with fidelity change and entanglement generation.
2968h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
2968h agoA novel method optimizes transport properties in quantum networks by leveraging a single diagonalization of the system generator to tailor both the Hamiltonian and dissipative contributions.
2968h agoThe driven dynamics of localization transitions in a non-Hermitian Disordered Aubry-André model follow the Kibble-Zurek scaling under different boundary conditions.
2968h agoOxide-interface based electronic devices with multiple programmable functionalities enable the creation of scalable, silicon-compatible, and energy-efficient integrated circuits for advanced computing and decision-making tasks.
2968h agoThe brain's structural organization shapes its functional capabilities, and a new algebraic quantum model bridges the gap between the two by linking the brain's physical architecture to emergent brain functions.
2968h agoThe collective amplitude Schmid-Higgs mode in disordered superconductors and superfluids exhibits late-time oscillations that decay at a certain rate, and its dynamics lead to specific spatial and temporal behaviors.
2968h agoFoundation Neural-Network Quantum States (FNQS) leverage foundation model principles to define variational wave functions that can generalize to various quantum systems and tasks, enabling efficient estimation of challenging quantities and uncovering of quantum phase transitions.
2968h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term and short-term memory and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
2968h agoThe study of Random Field $O(n)$ Models shows that the magnetization exhibits a continuous phase transition for a Gaussian disorder distribution, but a continuous or first-order transition with tricriticality for a bimodal disorder distribution.
2968h agoA new solver uses a neural network to efficiently find good solutions to complex optimization problems by learning the structure of the problem and adapting to different levels of solution precision.
2968h agoA quantum neural network on quantum computers classifies MNIST images better than a classical neural network, especially for borderline cases, by using qubit rotations and measurements to introduce quantum uncertainty.
2968h agoMitochondria serve as reservoirs for intracellular and extracellular calcium-phosphate and can contribute to its pathological buildup in the brain through a process involving migrasomes.
2972h agoInfrared light can stimulate deep-brain regions without surgery, offering a potential new way to treat neurological disorders.
2976h agoA miniaturized microscope can image neural activity in freely moving animals with high precision, capturing voltage spikes at a rate of 530 Hz.
2976h agoAlpha power in EEG resting-state measures is a reliable predictor of long-term memory performance in adults, and it positively correlates with memory performance in this population.
2976h agoDepression in people with Huntington's disease gene expansion is linked to distinct changes in brain connections, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus, which occur independently of brain tissue loss.
2976h agoThe synaptic structure in the input layers of the primate primary visual cortex differs from the output layer, with a higher proportion of multisynaptic boutons containing mitochondria in input layers 4C, which are structurally adapted to support high synaptic efficacy.
2976h agoThe Sardine software framework enables robust control of experimental setups by connecting independent modules that interface with hardware devices or process data, and delivers fault-tolerant hardware control and streamlined data processing.
2980h agoThe HMC3 cell line does not reliably represent human microglial cells, instead showing the highest similarity to astrocytes.
2980h agoAlcohol exposure leads to neuroimmune dysregulation, microglial activation, and increased production of soluble TREM2, potentially contributing to the development of cognitive impairments and alcohol-associated dementia.
2980h agoMotilA is a Python-based image analysis pipeline that quantifies fine process motility of microglia from 3D time-lapse fluorescence microscopy data and can be extended to analyze dynamic morphological changes in other cell types.
2980h agoWalking affects how people detect changes in sounds, with brain responses to sound changes fluctuating with each step, and the brain reallocating sensory resources to optimize perception during movement.
2980h agoBreathing low-oxygen air protects mice from Parkinson's disease-like neuronal loss and reverses symptoms.
2984h agoIncreasing serotonin levels has sex-specific effects on fear learning in mice, enhancing fear memory in females by promoting communication between the BNST and amygdala.
2984h agoMarkov models of voltage-gated ion channels are sensitive to different parameters in specific ways during activation and deactivation phases, with forward transitions influencing activation and reverse transitions influencing deactivation, and transitions between closed states having minimal impact on overall current.
2984h agoEarly life chronic stress changes the activity of certain brain cells, specifically serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, leading to altered responses to stress and changes in behavior.
2984h agoStress affects people differently, and brain imaging can identify biomarkers that predict who is more likely to be resilient or vulnerable to stress.
2988h agoPre-existing knowledge helps people learn new information quickly if it matches what they already know.
2988h agoThe brain reinstates visual content from nearby past events when it re-encounters a familiar visual stimulus, and this effect is linked to activity in the hippocampus and is stronger for events that are remembered.
2988h agoThe processes of oligodendrocyte precursor cells increase in total length during the first two months of postnatal life in mice by adding new branches to existing processes, not by creating new ones.
2988h agoChildren with autism spectrum disorder have reduced broad-band neural responses to auditory stimuli, especially at low frequencies, which correlates with their IQ and age.
2988h agoGreater activity in the cholinergic system helps people with higher self-regulation sustain attention during simple tasks.
2988h agoMusic enhances visual statistical learning by reorganizing large-scale brain networks, allowing people to better segment continuous visual streams into events and learn sequential relationships.
2988h agoMind wandering is associated with impaired inhibitory control but enhanced learning of probabilistic sequences, and the improvement in learning is directly linked to the decline in inhibitory control.
2988h agoThe human brain's functional and structural connections show different patterns of correlation when analyzed at the network level versus the edge level.
2992h agoNerve impulses consist of three inseparable states: the physiological action potential, the action potential pulse, and the computational action potential, with the physiological action potential being important for neural connectivity but not for computational processes.
2992h agoParticle trajectories on a cone with an elliptical boundary can behave in three ways: sample the entire base while avoiding the apex, sample only part of the base while avoiding the apex, or uniformly sample the entire cone surface.
2992h agoThe PDE formulation of Asymptotic Lenia allows for rigorous analysis of complex behaviors using dynamical systems theory, enabling a mathematical explanation for distinct solution classes and conditions for complex behavior.
2992h agoThe symmetric non-Stäckel variable separation for the three-dimensional extension of the Clebsch model uses the same separation curves with genus five.
2992h agoThe Hess case and its extension to a gyrostat allow the motion of a heavy rigid body or gyrostat with a fixed point to be integrated in quadratures under certain conditions.
2992h agoThe dynamic response of objects larger than the wavelength to acoustic radiation forces can be accurately modeled using Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems (SINDy), which derives nonlinear equations of motion from data.
2992h agoA nonlocal version of the massive Thirring model and its solutions are presented, including solitons, double-pole solutions, and algebraic solitons.
2992h agoA non-reciprocal version of Model B shows that mobility coefficients play a crucial role in non-reciprocal mixtures, affecting stability and spinodal dynamics, and can lead to complex transitions and multiple lengthscales.
2992h agoThe immune system's response to cancer shows a sharp phase transition in learning, and it acquires a certain amount of information about cancer cells over time.
2992h agoA class of 2x2 random-matrix models is introduced, where the Brody distribution is the exact eigenvalue spacing distribution, and matrix elements are constrained finite sums of exponential random variables.
2992h agoSimple Lie groups of types B and C can be described using axially symmetric weighted planar networks that have certain Poisson properties and parametrize the totally nonnegative part of the groups.
2992h agoSmall-amplitude periodic traveling wave solutions of the Novikov equation are spectrally unstable to long-wavelength perturbations if their wave number is greater than a critical value, but are spectrally stable if their wave number is less than the critical value.
2992h agoA two-dimensional polariton fluid driven by a plane electromagnetic wave can have topological excitations, such as domain walls of relative phase or confined half-vortex molecules, due to the system's spinor nature.
2992h agoA two-temperature model shows nonlinear dissipation scaling and chaos with controlled deviations from equilibrium, producing a fractal attractor and non-Gaussian momentum statistics.
2992h agoA higher-order Ising formulation for Max-3-Cut preserves valid configurations under single-spin updates, resulting in smoother energy landscapes and faster solutions on analog Ising machines.
2992h agoThe quantum annealing Ising model on random graphs exhibits a transition from localized to chaotic to integrable behavior as connectivity changes, which is reflected in various indicators of quantum chaos.
2992h agoA systematic method can construct topological band insulators without translational symmetry in amorphous systems by reducing disordered systems to isospectral effective periodic systems.
2992h agoOxide-interface based electronic devices with multiple programmable functionalities enable the creation of scalable, silicon-compatible, and energy-efficient integrated circuits for advanced computing and synaptic logic operations.
2992h agoSparksMatter, a multi-agent AI model, autonomously designs inorganic materials by generating ideas, executing experiments, and refining results to propose candidate materials that meet target objectives.
2992h agoA new kind of exceptional point degeneracy emerges in a synthetic frequency dimension, enabling the design of wavefronts with targeted frequency conversion and flat transmission spectra.
2992h agoClass imbalance in machine learning slows down training and reduces performance, but a new theoretical framework helps analyze and address the issue by identifying different sources of imbalance and providing practical guidelines.
2992h agoInteractions profoundly influence the spread of quantum magic in disordered many-body localized systems, causing it to grow in a power-law manner.
2992h agoSPARCS, a novel architecture search protocol, enables the exploration of possible neural network architectures and yields a simple, efficient architecture with minimal expressivity and reduced parameters.
2992h agoIncreasing the concentration of Na2O in (TeO2)1-x-(Na2O)x glasses leads to structural depolymerization, which creates Na-rich channels that enhance ion mobility.
2992h agoLocalization is perturbatively stable under weak interactions, with corrections to local integrals of motion converging for at least some fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
2992h agoMagnetometers offer a promising alternative to existing technologies for silent speech recognition, enabling robust, generalizable, and user-friendly systems that can accurately decode speech in wearable devices.
2996h agoThe human brain rapidly learns to recognize visual objects through neurons in the occipital and medial temporal lobe regions that adjust their activity to encode new visual information.
2996h agoDead cells obtained through heat treatment provide some functional and anatomical benefits for spinal cord injured mice, but are not suitable as cellular controls for cell transplantation studies.
2996h agoThe Concept2Brain model generates synthetic neural responses that closely resemble those observed in naturalistic scene perception, allowing users to predict brain responses to any semantic concept or picture.
2996h agoA high-resolution virtual brain twin approach estimates the epileptogenic network using stimulation-induced seizures, offering a step toward non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
3000h agoNeurons with distinct internal configurations can exhibit equivalent behaviors and transition through the same critical activity regimes, such as bursting and seizure-like activity, despite having different biophysical properties.
3000h agoThe refresh rate of overhead projectors used in visual system experiments impacts the perception of fast moving objects at the retinal, cortical, and psychophysical levels.
3000h agoT5 cells in the visual system of Drosophila receive input from Tm and CT1 neurons via eight types of polyadic synapses, which are arranged spatially based on the preferred direction of motion.
3000h agoStochastic neural oscillations can arise as quasi-cycles or stochastic limit cycles in neural systems with Hopf bifurcations, and noise can induce quasi-limit-cycles that mimic limit cycles from deterministic systems.
3000h agoA thalamostriatal circuit mechanism allows internally constructed outcomes, such as safety, to acquire motivational value through experience, by recruiting specific neurons and synapses to modulate dopamine release.
3012h agoThe developing brain processes salient stimuli differently in each infant, with individual-specific response patterns emerging in perceptual processing, while early auditory processing is similar across individuals.
3012h agoTransiently expressing reprogramming factors in human fibroblasts for just 3 days allows these cells to turn into neurons when Neurogenin-2 is overexpressed.
3012h agoEmotional content and linguistic structure of speech affect prefrontal brain connectivity during real-life conversations.
3012h agoNonlinear science has evolved over 35 years, and this Focus Issue brings together contributions on topics such as network dynamics, machine learning, and chaos, influenced by David K. Campbell's research.
3016h agoEntropy measurements of neuron cells can be refined to peak at the equilibrium potential of ions, allowing for analysis of living cell behavior and potential detection of differences between tumour and normal cells.
3016h agoThe hypergraph structure, with algebraic connectivity, identified brain areas with functional changes in Alzheimer's disease, and showed a link between tau biomarkers, brain activity, and cognitive decline.
3016h agoThe brain's functional network changes from childhood to adulthood, developing from a locally modular organization to a highly segregated and specialized system that balances internal and external demands.
3016h agoCITS, a new method, infers causal neural circuits from high-resolution time series data, uncovering interpretable and stimulus-specific causal connections between brain regions.
3016h agoA new dataset of high-precision three-dimensional reconstructions of 9,676 neurons at the whole-brain scale is being made publicly available to support algorithm development and brain circuit modeling in neuroscience research.
3016h agoThe refresh rate of overhead projectors used in visual system experiments impacts the perception of fast moving objects at the retinal, cortical, and psychophysical levels.
3016h agoThe retina uses two different inhibitory mechanisms, feed-forward and recurrent feedback inhibition, to predict the position of a moving object, with feed-forward inhibition working better at slower speeds and recurrent feedback coupling working best at a specific speed.
3016h agoObject-based attention is more perceptually effective than feature-based or global attention, and object-based and spatial-based attention engage distinct neural mechanisms.
3016h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy creates lightweight spiking Transformer models that use fewer parameters and less computing power while keeping performance competitive.
3016h agoA large-scale comparison of Explainable AI methods on 45,000 brain MRIs reveals that two widely used methods, GradCAM and Layer-wise Relevance Propagation, often fail to accurately identify predictive features, while a simpler method, SmoothGrad, proves consistently accurate.
3016h agoA new class of models called the 'distributional mean-field' model accurately describes the activity of large neural populations in the brain by constraining the full probability distribution of activity along selected projections.
3016h agoA new framework characterizes judgments of similarity within a domain and infers the underlying structure by deriving indices from empirical judgments of relative similarities.
3016h agoA brain graph foundation model called BrainGFM uses graph contrastive learning and graph masked autoencoders to pre-train on large-scale fMRI data, enabling it to generalize across different brain representations and adapt to various neurological and psychiatric disorders.
3016h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle.
3016h agoCombining complex-valued representations with Kuramoto dynamics to promote neural synchrony improves deep learning models' ability to encode multiple objects in visual scenes.
3016h agoReciprocity, not barter, was the foundational economic logic in early human societies, and it can be explained by a simple framework based on individual recognition, reciprocal credence, and cost-return sensitivity.
3016h agoLinguistic diversity emerges on a fully connected network when agents with shared features interact based on homophily and social influence, and zealots spreading innovations affect the population's linguistic configurations.
3016h agoThe solutions presented for modelling rogue waves do not satisfy the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
3016h agoSolitons in lattices with the non-Hermitian skin effect come in two distinct phases: skin-mode-assisted solitons, which originate from the skin effect, and nonreciprocity-dressed solitons, which stem from band nonreciprocity.
3016h agoGenerative AI outputs can mysteriously change from correct to misleading or wrong without user notice, causing losses and risks, due to a hidden tipping instability that can be triggered by user prompts and AI training bias.
3016h agoThe rupture of a single liquid bridge in a chain of spheres linked by liquid bridges causes a fragmentation cascade.
3016h agoThe efforts to promote pro-vaccine science through online interventions have not changed the fundamental architecture of the network, with pro- and anti-vaccination views remaining isolated and interconnected.
3016h agoExciting the transverse breathing mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate produces longitudinal collective excitations in pairs through a process similar to cosmological particle production.
3016h agoBosons in a quasi-2D plane with repulsive interactions exhibit Poisson distribution and regular energy spectra in the moderate interaction regime, but chaotic behavior in the strong interaction regime, with rotation enhancing chaos.
3016h agoCoordinated self-organisation in granular systems emerges when a small subset of configurations are more stable than the rest and survive longer despite noise.
3016h agoCollective behaviours self-organise to criticality to achieve optimal efficiency in balancing predictability with energy costs.
3016h agoThe Boussinesq equation has an integrable hierarchy constructed using the Lie-algebraic approach, with finite-gap hamiltonian systems arising on coadjoint orbits in a loop algebra, leading to exact solutions expressed as multiply periodic functions.
3016h agoThe small Raman effect stabilizes the profile of dispersive shock waves in optical fibers during long-distance propagation of optical pulses.
3016h agoRetailers tend to cluster together in certain areas because consumers prefer to visit zones with many shops, leading to a unique and more robust prediction of retail distribution when using a global maximization approach.
3016h agoThe two-spinon excitations dominate the field-field correlator of the Tonks-Girardeau gas at low temperatures.
3016h agoCombining complex-valued representations with Kuramoto dynamics to promote neural synchrony improves deep learning models' ability to encode multiple objects in visual scenes.
3016h agoLarge buildings are on average 24% more energetically efficient per unit size than smaller buildings, and their efficiency is sensitive to external disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
3016h agoMatrix models are presented whose partition functions are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy, including new models associated with products of spheres with embedded graphs.
3016h agoA quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with an energy of -0.7623 to -0.7629, close to the best known estimate of -0.7632.
3016h agoOscillatory Neural Networks solve Sudoku puzzles by using phase synchronization, outperforming Hopfield Neural Networks, especially with up to 20 unknown values.
3016h agoNonlinear science has evolved over 35 years, and this Focus Issue brings together contributions on topics such as network dynamics, machine learning, and chaos, influenced by David K. Campbell's research.
3016h agoThe linear dispersiveness of light introduces topological aspects into light scattering in random media, leading to phenomena such as topological protection against localization and exotic phases.
3016h agoAging curves constructed from finite-cooling-rate data and traditional aging experiments do not match because rejuvenation, not cumulative aging, causes discrepancies between the two.
3016h agoCoupling to electromagnetic cavities induces a critical phase in the Aubry-Andre-Harper model, where extended, localized, and fractal eigenstates coexist, modifying the traditional transport phase diagram.
3016h agoNeural quantum states exhibit the double descent phenomenon, where generalization worsens as network size increases before improving again, but typically operate in an underparameterized regime where bigger networks can degrade generalization.
3016h agoBosonic systems with Gaussian unitary evolution exhibit information-scrambling diagnostics similar to chaotic systems, despite being integrable.
3016h agoPeople prioritize kinematic cues about others' choices over theoretical assumptions about rational behavior when coordinating, abandoning their default preferences for higher payoffs when reliable movement cues indicate a different choice.
3024h agoParkinson's disease patients show distinct changes in motor cortex interneuron excitability after paired associative stimulation, which relates to prefrontal brain volume and baseline motor cortex excitability.
3024h agoMicroglia swapping may treat ALSP.
3028h agoNeurons feed tumors.
3028h agoScientists use big data to classify Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
3028h agoListening to music depends on the brain combining its individual elements, and researchers found that increasing musical complexity creates new neural patterns but decreases their reliability.
3028h agoA wearable robotic extra limb becomes part of a person's body representation when it enables actions that are not otherwise possible, not just when it substitutes for existing abilities.
3028h agoThe nonhallucinogenic psychoplastogen tabernanthalog promotes neuroplasticity through 5-HT2AR activation without immediately increasing extracellular glutamate levels or immediate early gene expression.
3032h agoDysregulation of immune-related microglial functions is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, according to a comprehensive transcriptomic dataset of human primary microglia.
3032h agoThe human brain uses multiple types of spatial feature representations and coordinate systems to encode spatial locations in 3D perception across different brain regions and time.
3032h agoOxytocin-producing neurons in different parts of the brain drive distinct social behaviors, with those in the anterior and posterior paraventricular nucleus having different roles in social approach and vigilance.
3036h agoBrain dynamics shift closer to criticality during wakefulness and shift away during deep sleep.
3036h agoSleep patterns in Germany show a clear east-west gradient, with people in western regions sleeping later, and a north-south gradient, with people in northern areas having more social jetlag and shorter sleep duration.
3036h agoThe cortical indexes for arousal and awareness are reflected in spectral slope and spectral entropy or complexity, respectively.
3036h agoAlpha-beta power in the ventral attention network increases before stimulus onset and helps resist distraction by inhibiting irrelevant information, and theta power in this network and the cognitive control network also correlates with faster reaction times.
3036h agoMicroglia regulate neuronal circuit function during inflammation, and their APOE4 genotype increases neuronal excitability by communicating with neurons through exosomes and lipid droplet metabolism.
3036h agoPIEZO2 channels are not the only mechanosensitive channels that mediate rapid-adapting mechanosensitive currents in sensory neurons.
3036h agoMunc13-1-mediated priming of synaptic vesicles controls short-term facilitation and post-tetanic potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses through Ca2+-phospholipid and Ca2+-calmodulin signaling, which is necessary for working memory formation.
3036h agoToy models help develop and evaluate scientific theories of consciousness by clarifying frameworks, testing assumptions, and illuminating philosophical challenges.
3040h agoAnimals navigate their environment by switching between two internal states that influence how they respond to sensory input, with one state favoring steady movement and the other favoring sharp turns.
3040h agoNeural-decoding studies have overestimated decoding accuracies by 4.46-7.42% due to a repeated-stimulus confound that occurs when models are trained and evaluated on responses to the same stimuli.
3040h agoA microfluidic device with hexagonal wells and channels supports stable flow regimes for developing an organoid computing platform from neurons in vitro.
3040h agoA new approach combining synthetic biology, neuroscience modeling, and neuromorphic electronic systems creates an artificial system that mimics the natural sense of smell with a hybrid system of synthetic sensory neurons.
3040h agoThe HuiduRep framework extracts robust features from extracellular recordings, enabling accurate spike sorting without ground truth labels, and outperforming state-of-the-art tools.
3040h agoMixed Reality technology needs to incorporate multi-modal data streams and multi-agent interaction capabilities to enable meaningful social experiences that replicate human embodiment and socio-motor interaction.
3040h agoA system's stability can be ensured if it can return close to its original state over small but precisely defined durations within each period of disturbance.
3040h agoThe Whitham-Broer-Kaup hydrodynamic system is linked to quantum and resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and a novel n+1-dimensional extension of this system is constructed.
3040h agoRandom matrix product unitary ensembles reproduce Haar values of higher-order out-of-time-ordered correlators for local observables with only polynomial bond dimension, indicating the emergence of freeness and randomness in complex quantum systems.
3040h agoGeneral rogue waves of infinite order are primarily concentrated on one side of a specific curve in space-time coordinates, with their asymptotic behavior described by elliptic functions and modulated solitons.
3040h agoBayesian strategies that adapt to new evidence can resist invasion by reactive strategies and foster cooperation to sustain a resource-rich state in social dilemmas.
3040h agoMicrobial populations evolve to balance growth rate and adaptation time by allocating resources based on learned patterns of environmental transitions.
3040h agoA higher-order Ising formulation for solving combinatorial optimization problems with multi-valued integer variables results in smoother energy landscapes and leads to faster solutions on an analog Ising machine.
3040h agoEdge solitons in nonlinear electric circuits can be topologically nontrivial or trivial, and transitions between them are experimentally demonstrated in a trimer electric circuit lattice.
3040h agoCertain dynamical observables in chaotic systems exhibit a statistical similarity, described by the same rate function, even when constructed with different functions.
3040h agoCoupled Tchebyscheff maps have analytic expressions for periodic states, and their stability depends on the parameter choice, with some ranges showing exponentially slow dynamics.
3040h agoThis study develops information theory to understand how memoryful agents process information over time as they move through complex environments.
3040h agoIon-acoustic waves in a dusty plasma are investigated using two methods, Sagdeev pseudopotential analysis and reductive perturbation theory, which yield consistent soliton profiles when compositional parameters are appropriately selected.
3040h agoNeural quantum states exhibit a double descent phenomenon, where generalization worsens as network size increases before improving again, but typically operate in an underparameterized regime where larger networks can degrade generalization.
3040h agoDisorder in one-dimensional Heisenberg chains leads to a multifractal phase with quasi-localized spin correlations under strong disorder, and ergodic behavior with delocalized correlations under weak disorder.
3040h agoA new approach allows obtaining arbitrary excited states of quantum systems at a given energy by combining the shift-invert mechanism with imaginary time evolution.
3040h agoTopological invariants can be defined in real space and are equivalent to momentum-space invariants, with Chern and winding markers emerging as leading-order terms in a perturbative expansion.
3040h agoAvalanches are more pronounced in models with constraints than in those without, and are the mechanism behind the transition from many-body localization to the thermal phase.
3040h agoThe quantum Random Energy Model undergoes a localization-delocalization transition at finite energy density and shows an unconventional scaling of the fractal dimension near the ergodic fixed point.
3040h agoAmorphous materials with different stability levels exhibit distinct creep deformation behaviors under imposed shear stress, ranging from monotonic strain rates in least stable samples to non-monotonic S-shaped curves in more stable samples.
3040h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree and hub density.
3040h agoSustained inhibition of MOR signaling disrupts affective and nociceptive processing, and the habenula plays a key role in mediating anxiety-like behavior and pain sensitivity.
3040h agoRetrograde optogenetics reveals functional visuo-motor convergences within the frontal eye field-superior colliculus projection in behaving macaques.
3040h agoPyMouseLifter accurately reconstructs 3D mouse poses from ordinary 2D top view videos with minimal manual annotation, enabling improved behavior classification in various laboratory settings.
3040h agoElectroacupuncture stimulation opens the blood-brain barrier in rats by making molecular and cellular changes in the brain, which could lead to more effective drug delivery.
3052h agoElectrical stimulation is more effective at evoking desired brain responses when applied near specific network regions in the brain, which can be identified using functional mapping.
3056h agoAdolescents have lower awareness of their internal bodily sensations, despite similar ability to detect heartbeats and focus on bodily sensations as adults.
3056h agoTMS-induced pupil dilations serve as an objective proxy for cortical excitability, with larger pupil size reflecting higher cortical excitability.
3056h agoTinnitus starts with heightened sensory reactivity in the brain, but this reactivity decreases over time as the condition becomes chronic.
3056h agoTraumatic cervical spinal cord injury triggers different neuroimmune responses and repairing mechanisms depending on the type of injury, with C2HS promoting a microglia profile toward repair and C3HC leading to a prolonged and potentially harmful immune response.
3056h agoA single circuit in the mouse primary visual cortex can either complete or cancel predictable sensory activity, depending on the number of stimulated cells and interactions between pyramidal cells and somatostatin interneurons.
3060h agoThe infralimbic cortex stores inhibitory memories that can be retrieved and used across many inhibitory procedures and distinct motivational contexts.
3060h agoExercise-derived extracellular vesicles increase hippocampal neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis in sedentary mice.
3060h agoGastrointestinal symptoms and autism spectrum disorders are linked, with gut problems potentially aggravating autism symptoms and vice versa, through a complex interplay between the digestive system, gut bacteria, and nervous systems.
3072h agoA co-designed neuromorphic computing and neural network system efficiently and affordably models ionic and electronic interactions in large-scale material systems.
3080h agoShank3 loss enhances postsynaptic AMPAR function and alters the balance between calcium-permeable and calcium-impermeable AMPARs at mossy fiber-cerebellar granule cell synapses, which may contribute to cerebellar-related behavioral deficits and autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology.
3084h agoHuman cortical neurons mature physiologically hundreds of times slower than those in mice, following a unique developmental timeline that continues well into adulthood.
3092h agoCalcium Network dynamiCs (CaNetiCs), an open-source toolbox, uses Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to analyze neuronal calcium signals, providing a framework for standardized dimensionality reduction and deeper exploration of neuronal network dynamics.
3092h agoCorrective sub-movements act as instructive signals for feedforward learning, helping to integrate feedback responses with anticipatory control signals in the cerebellum.
3092h agoA new framework identifies three distinct neurophysiological biotypes in youth with mental health conditions, which challenge conventional psychiatric diagnoses.
3092h agoLocust olfactory neural circuitry can differentiate between bacterial biofilm and planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with up to 96% accuracy by detecting their distinct odors.
3092h agoTraumatic brain injury disrupts the protein glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), leading to specific breakdown products in patient biofluids that can be used to monitor injury severity and predict patient outcomes.
3092h agoHox5 proteins are required for the proper organization and specialization of brainstem neurons that control breathing.
3092h agoAlpha-synuclein pathology impairs neuronal activity and alters local population activity in the visual cortex, but this change helps preserve visuoperceptual function in mice.
3092h agoKIAA0408 gene helps regulate the diversity of neural cells by controlling cilium formation, and its absence impairs brain organization and causes abnormal cell development.
3092h agoMitochondrial transplantation changes the metabolic architecture of glioblastoma cells, sensitizing adaptable subtypes to therapeutic stress by inducing bioenergetic overextension.
3092h agoA new method helps correct brain scan problems caused by patient movement, realigning the scan area to its correct position and reducing errors.
3092h agoNeural sensitivity to learned patterns emerges independently of explicit recognition, and brain responses to familiar and unfamiliar sequences differ, reflecting the extraction of regularities from sensory input.
3092h agoSerotonin released from the dorsal raphe nucleus modulates neural activity in all recorded brain regions and induces a rapid switch in internal state, but does not change behavior during a perceptual decision-making task.
3092h agoThe retina uses two different inhibitory mechanisms, feed-forward and recurrent feedback inhibition, to predict the position of a moving object, with feed-forward inhibition working better at slower speeds and recurrent feedback coupling working best at a specific speed.
3092h agoTwo distinct sets of serotonin neurons control the change in female behavior towards infants across reproductive stages, with one set promoting care and the other suppressing interaction.
3092h agoStress increases mitochondrial activity, and this stress mitochondrial response is linked to brain metabolites and cortical thickness, particularly in the medial prefrontal cortex.
3092h agoThe expression of human tau in nematode neurons leads to age-associated changes in neuronal structural integrity, which can be worsened by stress and tau phosphorylation.
3092h agoAPP-CTFβ, a product of APP, accumulates at excitatory synapses and regulates glutamatergic synaptic transmission, causing hyperexcitability that is later counteracted by monomeric Aβ.
3092h agoThe transcription factor Hunchback generates neuronal diversity in progenitors and regulates neuronal connectivity in mature neurons to produce a properly tuned behavior.
3092h agoChronic social subordination stress from birth is associated with negative health and cognitive aging outcomes in macaques. (or alternatively and more simply) Macaques that experience chronic social subordination stress from birth have negative health and cognitive aging outcomes.
3092h agoDeletion of microRNA MIR-9-2 leads to severe brain abnormalities, including embryonic cerebral hemorrhages and hydrocephalus, and disrupts gene networks in the developing brain.
3092h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex helps construct vivid mental images, not just abstract representations.
3096h agoDynamic Graph Neural Networks classify electroencephalography signals by capturing temporal changes in brain networks, outperforming previous methods in detecting abnormalities and epilepsy.
3096h agoA stable maternal body temperature is crucial for normal fetal development, and changes in it can cause fetal abnormalities and growth retardation.
3096h agoMANF levels in the brain decline with age, and this decline impacts neurobehaviors in an age- and sex-specific manner, with MANF deficiency affecting motor coordination, learning, memory, and social behavior.
3096h agoThe Better OSCillation (BOSC) detection method identifies sleep spindles more accurately than traditional methods by applying frequency-specific power thresholds calibrated to the signal itself.
3096h agoInfants develop the ability to detect synchrony between their heartbeat and external events during the first year of life.
3096h agoIndividual sensory biases influence functional connectivity in brain networks, particularly between sensorimotor regions and default mode network nodes, and are characterized by specific patterns of neural activity.
3096h agoHumans' inferences about others' intentions are biased by what they choose to observe, with selective observation creating an asymmetric effect that depends on the sequence of events.
3096h agoHigher levels of attention during movement are associated with stronger communication between sensorimotor areas of the brain and greater activation in attention-related networks.
3096h agoInterpersonal interactions that combine multiple sensory modalities lead to shared sensorimotor representations and change how individuals process multisensory information, resulting in reduced cross-modal integration and altered neural patterns.
3096h agoChanges in brain activity with age can be seen in EEG and MEG recordings, and a new approach provides a comprehensive profile of these changes, enabling robust assessment and comparison of brain health markers in ageing.
3096h agoLTP at excitatory synapses on VIP-INs in the mouse barrel cortex depends on metabotropic glutamate receptor type1 and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and involves presynaptic expression with retrograde signaling through endocannabinoids.
3096h agoThe entorhinal cortex helps people recognise and apply generalisable information from past experiences to new situations by forming neural patterns that highlight similar features.
3096h agoA computational model of cartwheel interneurons in the auditory system captures the diversity of their activity patterns and predicts how changes in parameters influence their behavior.
3096h agoA new head-mounted microscope allows near-simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity from five separate planes across multiple cortical layers in freely moving mice, revealing differential pattern sequences in layer 5 and layer 2/3 neuronal subpopulations during free decision making.
3096h agoShared neural representations between sensory presence and absence arise from multiple distinct mechanisms, with different brain regions encoding visual-structured or language-structured knowledge representations that vary in their association with imagery experience.
3096h agoThe intrinsic Spike Time Tiling Coefficient (iSTTC) provides more accurate estimates of neural timescales, especially with sparse, noisy, or epoched neural spike data, than traditional approaches.
3096h agoA Western diet induces early glucose intolerance and worsens metabolic, retinal, and vascular impairments in APOE4 mice, and a control diet does not prevent retinal dysfunction.
3096h agoCochlear implant stimulation activates the auditory cortex differently than acoustic stimulation, with distinct network activity dynamics, making it hard for the brain to interpret electrical signals as sound.
3096h agoThis protocol enables wide-field optical brain imaging in awake mice, allowing visualization of the dorsal cortex and measurement of brain haemodynamics, energy metabolism, and intracellular parameters.
3096h agoProlonged exposure to anesthetics isoflurane and dexmedetomidine during MRI is associated with a higher proportion of axons with myelin decompaction.
3096h agoObject contextual cueing does not emerge consistently across individuals, and its effect depends on individual cognitive styles or learning tendencies.
3096h agoCats, especially pet cats, are a natural model system for studying human aging because they share similar patterns of aging and brain atrophy with humans.
3096h agoIndividual neurons specialize in simple functions, and functionally similar cells are highly dispersed across brain regions, with each region containing cells of nearly all response types.
3096h agoA new imaging method called MR-AIV maps fluid flow in the brain, revealing a landscape of slow and rapid fluid movement that could help understand how the brain clears waste.
3096h agoLhx6-positive GABAergic neurons in the zona incerta regulate sleep pressure, and their activation varies across subgroups, with Nkx2-2-positive neurons responding strongly and Calb2-positive neurons responding weakly.
3096h agoA new computational approach using adaptive non-negative basis function regression allows for precise manipulation of neural circuits by optimizing stimulation sites and reducing off-target stimulation in two-photon optogenetics.
3096h agoThe brain prioritises valuable experiences for learning by using hippocampal "ripple" events and coordination with the lateral frontopolar cortex to update high-value, unvisited options first.
3096h agoThe influence of persistent inward currents on motor neuron discharge behaviour changes throughout the day, with a greater effect in the late afternoon than in the early morning.
3096h agoThe CA2 region of the hippocampus shows a short-term inflammatory response and limited neuronal death after status epilepticus, with microglial responses potentially protecting it from sustained inflammation and damage.
3096h agoGalvanic vestibular stimulation alters the perception of one's own upright body orientation in relation to gravity, particularly with right-sided anodal stimulation.
3100h agoThe default mode network and language network in the brain switch between active tasks and brief resting states, with the default mode network's activity changing depending on the task complexity.
3100h agoThe connectome of a fruit fly reveals a neural control system that is distributed, parallelized, and tightly connected to effectors, with local sensory cells influencing effector cells through local feedback loops and long-range circuits.
3100h agoIncreased oxygen concentration influences intrinsic neural activity in distinct patterns across brain regions, with heightened activation during inhalation, an undershoot after withdrawal, and reactivation without continued oxygen.
3100h agoThe brain's activity patterns are governed by intrinsic mechanisms that control the evolving population activity through a high-dimensional vector field, which is shaped by neural connections and membrane capacitance.
3100h agoNotch3 signaling levels control quiescence and stemness in neural stem cells, and are regulated by interactions with ligands deltaA and jagged1b.
3100h agoPsychological trauma causes fear memory in mice by forming new connections between visual, auditory, and prefrontal cortices and strengthening existing ones, and this process requires KiF1a-mediated intracellular transportation in the medial prefrontal cortex.
3104h agoThis study uses a large language model and EEG data to simulate how the brain's metabolic activity changes when forming sentences, and finds that adding random variance helps the model reflect real biological variability.
3104h agoPrenatal stress prevents disruptions to inhibitory neurons in the amygdala caused by adolescent stress, which may help protect against changes in social behavior.
3104h agoBOLD variability increases in primary sensory-sensorimotor and proto-DMN regions during early development, accompanied by changes in cortical microstructure and gene expression.
3104h agoEstrogen receptor beta on dopamine neurons in the brain drives nicotine use in females by regulating neuron excitability and nicotine self-administration.
3104h agoAeon, an open-source platform, enables continuous study of natural behaviours in multiple mice and simultaneous brain activity recording, allowing researchers to link neural circuit activity to adaptive behaviours.
3104h agoADGRL3 modulates dopamine release in complex ways through different pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms, affecting dopamine-related behaviors and potentially contributing to ADHD risk.
3104h agoConfidence and surprise are linked to specific brain areas, and their distribution across the brain is partly explained by the density of receptors and transporters.
3104h agoHumans remember experiences unevenly, recalling central ideas better than details, and a new model proposes that this happens because the brain uniformly samples information over time, prioritizing moments that have the most connection to the rest of the experience.
3104h agoPredictive routing explains how the brain processes visual information, with different brain wave frequencies conveying prediction errors and temporal prediction errors during a visual task.
3104h agoThe axon initial segment, a region where action potentials are initiated, can rapidly reorganize within minutes in response to high activity, and astrocytes release a calcium-binding protein called S100{beta} that is required for this reorganization.
3104h agoBroca's area superficial white matter connections support language in a bilaterally distributed manner, and are associated with language performance in both adolescents and adults.
3104h agoNeurons in the dorsal horn, previously thought to be itch-specific, actually consist of distinct subtypes that mediate either itch or mechanical pain through different expressions of the Tachykinin-1 gene.
3104h agoPeople with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have elevated levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in their blood and neuronal extracellular vesicles, which are linked to abnormal brain lactate levels and developmental stress and trauma.
3108h agoBetter sleep health is associated with larger hippocampal volumes, especially in the anterior subfields, and enhanced cognitive performance in healthy young adults.
3108h agoParkinson's disease involves a link between cortical atrophy in certain brain areas and abnormal brain activity, which could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.
3108h agoBrain inflammation leads to iron accumulation in the brain parenchyma through a novel mechanism involving extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from the brain microvasculature (BMV) that are enriched with iron.
3108h agoThe power-law scaling in neural activity data can emerge from heterogeneous, non-interacting units with spatially structured activity, without requiring critical interactions.
3112h agoA novel distance metric, the Alpha-Z Bures-Wasserstein divergence, improves identification rates of individuals from functional connectomes, outperforming traditional and state-of-the-art methods across multiple task conditions and spatial resolutions.
3112h agoBrain anatomy and dynamics have a complex network structure that plays a key role in both brain function and dysfunction.
3112h agoNeuroAR, a novel brain aging simulation model, synthesizes the aging brain with high fidelity by predicting future structural evolution from an earlier MRI scan.
3112h agoBrain tumor-induced disruptions in neural dynamics before surgery predict postoperative working memory decline, and presurgical brain scans can accurately forecast this decline.
3112h agoA new framework accurately segments neuronal topology in large-scale neuroimaging data by using a deep network and novel evaluation metric, reducing errors in neuron reconstruction.
3112h agoMixed Reality technology needs to incorporate multi-modal data streams and multi-agent interaction capabilities to enable truly meaningful social experiences.
3112h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference from previous information accumulates, with errors often caused by retrieving previously overwritten values.
3112h agoThe small Raman effect stabilizes the profile of dispersive shock waves in optical fibers during long-distance propagation of optical pulses.
3112h agoThe mKdV equation hierarchy is integrated using algebraic geometry methods, resulting in a generic form of finite-gap solutions expressed in terms of generalized Weierstrass functions.
3112h agoCortical activity in the brain exhibits features consistent with turbulent wave systems involving both single and dual cascades and a mixture of 3- and 4-wave interactions.
3112h agoNetworks of physical interactions between molecules contribute to information processing inside cells, particularly through biomolecular condensation, which can perform complex computations.
3112h agoODR-BINDy, a novel method for model discovery, consistently outperforms existing methods in recovering the correct model from sparse and noisy datasets.
3112h agoZonal jets in turbulent flows have sharp interfaces with heavy-tailed distributions of fluctuation speeds and exhibit scale invariance, complex statistics, and fractal nature.
3112h agoThe Koopman operator's spectrum has a multiplicative lattice structure for discrete-time dynamical systems, but not necessarily for discrete-time stochastic processes.
3112h agoSubharmonic entrainment occurs when a locking oscillator synchronizes with a fraction of an external periodic signal frequency, and researchers have now identified a vectorial form of this phenomenon where weak external signals can entrain internal laser dynamics through vectorial coupling.
3112h agoUsing spin interactions proportional to the signs of spins, rather than their continuous amplitudes, is the most effective approach to solving Boolean Satisfiability problems with analog Ising machines.
3112h agoDegenerate solitons in the coupled Hirota system exhibit time-dependent velocities and their relative distance increases logarithmically with a higher-order perturbation parameter.
3112h agoThe correlation functions of open quantum spin 1/2 chains with unparallel magnetic fields on the edges are derived for XXZ spin 1/2 chains using the quantum Separation of Variables framework.
3112h agoThe spectrum and eigenstates of the XXZ spin-1/2 open chain can be characterized using the Separation of Variables framework when boundary fields are related by a constraint.
3112h agoSocial interactions influence people's opinions, and a model where opinion updates depend on the weighted median of interacting individuals' opinions shows that the final opinion distribution depends on the network structure.
3112h agoFinite R-matrices are constructed for the first fundamental representation of two-parameter quantum groups for classical Lie algebras, using decomposition into irreducible submodules and evaluation of the universal R-matrix.
3112h agoThe nonlinear Li\'enard equation can be derived from a more general equation, mapped to the harmonic oscillator, and exhibits a bi-Hamiltonian character with two distinct types of Hamiltonians that can be quantized to explore bound states.
3112h agoThe equation $\ddot{x} - (1/2x) \dot{x}^2 +2 \omega^2 x -1/8x =0$ has an infinite number of equispaced energy levels in its quantum spectrum.
3112h agoMETAFORS, a new forecasting method, enables accurate predictions of dynamical systems from limited time-series data by generalizing knowledge across related systems.
3112h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model shows a complex pattern of entanglement and non-stabilizer resources in its chaotic four-body interactions, but not in its integrable two-body interactions.
3112h agoDisordered 2D materials can host stable metallic and semimetallic phases, similar to their 3D counterparts, when constructed using a special method that reduces their dimensionality.
3112h agoDynamical freezing, a mechanism that breaks down thermalization in driven systems, is observed experimentally and used to enhance quantum sensing in an ensemble of interacting nitrogen-vacancy spins in diamond.
3112h agoPost-selected random proximity measurements induce random spatial localization of particles in a quantum fluid, while preserving macroscopic homogeneity.
3112h agoNetworks of physical interactions between molecules contribute to information processing inside cells, particularly through biomolecular condensation, which can perform complex computations.
3112h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree, hub density, and number of closed paths.
3112h agoProjected topological branes, constructed from square lattice-based models, encode key signatures of topological phases, including robust zero-energy modes and quantized local topological markers, despite lacking the original lattice's symmetry.
3112h agoThe study finds that the dynamic critical exponent of the three-dimensional Heisenberg model with random cubic anisotropy is around 2.3-2.5.
3112h agoA novel training scheme accurately predicts optimal protein folds in lattice protein models by using masking and Dilated Recurrent Neural Networks.
3112h agoThe statistics of the top eigenpair of diluted covariance matrices can be computed using the replica method, yielding a set of recursive distributional equations that allow for efficient evaluation of the density of the top eigenvector's components.
3112h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model's ground state has a Majorana spectrum that follows a Gaussian distribution, which is different from the exponential Laplace distribution of the non-chaotic SYK2 model.
3112h agoA novel "synaptic field theory" describes the training dynamics of synaptic weights and biases in deep learning by treating them as fields and their indices as spatial coordinates.
3112h agoCytoplasmic TDP-43 disrupts neuronal signaling and behavior early in disease progression, causing impaired serotonin-dependent behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans models.
3112h agoThe lateral hypothalamus contains a conserved neural population that expresses specific receptors and helps regulate appetite in response to hunger, food cues, and metabolic hormones.
3116h agoSOX2-mediated reprogramming of NG2 glia improves bladder function in spinal cord injury by inducing adult neurogenesis, reducing glial scarring, and promoting urinary performance.
3116h agoA modular framework of recurrent neural networks enables robust transfer and resilience to noise in embodied AI by learning stable yet flexible representations.
3116h agoThe Vglut3-IRES-Cre mouse line specifically labels C-LTMR neurons in the dorsal root ganglia, which have mechanically activated ion channels that respond to force.
3116h agoThe cerebral microvasculature has a built-in system that helps maintain blood flow to the brain even when some capillaries stall or are damaged, by having a mix of capillary types with different flow patterns.
3116h agoThe action potential is a coupled electro-thermodynamic process that actively enhances its own strength and reliability by using entropy generated by the electrical signal to accelerate its kinetics.
3116h agoCortical and sensory inputs activate distinct components of the brainstem masticatory circuitry, with the parvocellular reticular formation (PCRt) being a point of convergence.
3116h agoDevelopmental exposure to the flame retardant PBDE disrupts social behavior and oxytocin signaling in mice, but this disruption can be prevented with thyroid hormone supplementation.
3116h agoPreparatory brain activity increases with postural complexity during step initiation, with diagonal stepping showing greater brain activity in areas responsible for attention and motor control than straight stepping.
3116h agoPhysMAP, a new framework, uses multiple electrophysiological modalities to identify cell types and understand how they interact to drive circuit dynamics.
3116h agoObesogenic diets and psychosocial stress have specific effects on brain regions, with diet effects being transient and stress effects being long-term and persistent.
3116h agoThe structure of the brain, specifically its geometry, helps explain how brain function works, and geometric eigenmodes can reconstruct the spread of a seizure through the brain better than other approaches.
3120h agoSaccades impair spatial memory but not colour memory, and specific failures in initial encoding and memory decay, rather than the saccadic updating process, account for spatial working memory deficits in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
3120h agoTau protein disrupts the normal firing of dopamine neurons, leading to hyperexcitable states and impaired burst firing, which could contribute to psychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.
3120h agoHigh-resolution fMRI with spin echo (SE) sequence provides slightly better spatial specificity than gradient echo (GE) sequence, but both techniques show decreased specificity towards the pial surface due to macrovascular contributions.
3120h agoThe respiratory phase causally influences the neural preparation for voluntary movement, with the brain optimizing voluntary action execution during phases when breathing-related motor activity is minimal.
3120h agoFamiliar and personally meaningful music activates a network of brain regions, including the superior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, amygdala, and cerebellum, to represent different emotions.
3120h agoThe neural circuits that integrate emotional and cognitive evaluations mature with age, refining moral decision-making from intuitive childhood judgments to context-sensitive adult decisions.
3120h agoThe CD33 gene, involved in the immune system, interacts with the CD45 gene and this interaction contributes to Alzheimer's disease susceptibility and impaired clearance of amyloid beta.
3120h agoNon-coding variants in CD33 alter risk for Alzheimer's disease by changing how the CD33 receptor interacts with other proteins, leading to downregulated protective microglial functions.
3120h agoSlow dynamics naturally emerges in balanced networks of spiking neurons with partial symmetry in synaptic connectivity, leading to long-lived fluctuations and multiple equilibrium states.
3120h agoThe brain uses visual and somatosensory cues to determine arm position for motor planning and control, with the visual cues having a strong influence on the perceived position, especially in certain directions.
3120h agoThe superior colliculus has five types of neurons with different properties, and fragile X syndrome changes the proportions and properties of these neuron types.
3120h agoIncreasing balance demands boosts the processing of sensory input from the foot and activates more sensorimotor regions in the brain.
3120h agoTonic motor neurons can reinnervate fully denervated muscles and form new connections when neighboring muscles are deprived of their normal inputs.
3120h agoInfants as young as one month old show different brain responses to various auditory stimuli, and these responses vary between infants from different populations.
3120h agoChemerin-CMKLR1 signaling regulates mitochondrial function, autophagy, and oxidative stress in a cell-type-specific way in microglia and neurons during ischemia-reperfusion injury.
3120h agoA new pipeline called LUPE helps analyze opioid withdrawal behaviors in mice by accurately detecting some behaviors, such as grooming and rearing, and provides a foundation for standardized behavior quantification.
3120h agoSleep stage affects fNIRS-measured brain responses to auditory stimuli differently in one-month-old infants from different populations.
3120h agoA partner representation influences involuntary visuomotor feedback responses during cooperative tasks, enabling people to rapidly coordinate actions with others.
3120h agoNon-pharmacological interventions in older adults strengthen brain networks and preserve brain organization, with the dorsal attention network playing a key role in maintaining brain function and improving global cognition.
3120h agoObservers predict action targets mainly through kinematic cues, not visual patterns, as prediction performance improves with more kinematic information and differs between target size choices.
3120h agoA novel imaging chamber made of titanium allows for long-term optical recordings from the marmoset cerebral cortex with high optical quality over months.
3120h agoAuditory cortex neurons project to different visual cortical areas, broadcasting distinct auditory information, with sound frequency information sent broadly and sound location information sent selectively to areas matching their spatial processing specialisations.
3120h agoA tri-culture system of human neurons, astrocytes, and microglia reveals that microglia activate astrocytes through the TLR4 receptor during neuroinflammation, leading to increased neuronal excitability.
3120h agoA neural mass model of the marmoset auditory and pre-frontal cortex shows that simulated response delays to deviant stimuli are comparable to experimental measurements, with auditory areas responding in 136 ms and pre-frontal areas in 139-174 ms.
3120h agoPrimed MSC secretome improves structural and functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury by enhancing neurotrophic factor secretion and promoting axonal regeneration and myelination.
3120h agoThe diversity of excitatory synapses in the brain is spatially organised along the dendritic tree of individual neurons, and this organisation emerges from a minimal set of cell biological processes including protein synthesis, trafficking, and local regulation.
3120h agoPathogenic KCNQ2 variants cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (KCNQ2-DEE) by enhancing Ca2+-activated small conductance potassium (SK) channels, leading to irregular spike timing and enhanced bursting in neurons.
3120h agoPsilocybin prolongs blood flow responses in the brain without changing neural activity, which can lead to incorrect conclusions about brain connectivity when using certain imaging methods.
3120h agoThe complex interplay of membrane currents in the dendritic tree drives neuronal activity, and a new method can measure and visualize how these currents contribute to the neuronal output.
3120h agoHDAC inhibitors, particularly those targeting HDAC-6, protect photoreceptors from degeneration in a mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
3124h agoDSCAM overproduction contributes to impaired neuronal development, reduced neural connectivity, and intellectual disability in Down syndrome.
3124h agoMale flies integrate sensory cues from song and taste in different ways depending on the social situation, using a linear combination for overall social interactions, song alone for aggression, and a nonlinear combination of song and female taste for courtship.
3124h agoSleep restriction affects younger and older adults differently, with older adults showing resilience and younger adults suffering from negative impacts on brain network responses and cognitive ability.
3124h agoFunctional connectivity increases with epilepsy duration and with exposure to interictal spikes in children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes.
3124h agoHigh-molecular-mass hyaluronan does not protect against age-related hearing loss in mice engineered to produce it, suggesting its protective effects work through a different pathway than those of calorie restriction.
3124h agoAcute stress makes athletes more accepting of unfair decisions, and this is linked to changes in brain activity in areas responsible for decision-making and emotion processing.
3124h agoHyperphosphorylated tau disrupts normal metabolic states and excitatory tone by preserving glucose tolerance, altering fuel utilization, and shifting the excitatory/inhibitory balance towards increased glutamatergic activity.
3124h agoAcute restraint stress after training impairs the retention of aversive memories in rats by altering neurochemical signalling, specifically disrupting the normal activity of proteins C-fos and Zif268 in the brain.
3124h agoScientists have developed a protocol to prepare viable human spinal cord slices for acute electrophysiological recordings, bridging the gap between animal research and human treatments.
3124h agoABCA7 regulates Glu-GABA neurotransmission and protects against neurotoxicity by reducing glutamatergic transmission and promoting neurotransmitter degradation.
3124h agoNeuromodulators improve sensory processing in spiking neural networks by decreasing reaction times and enabling rapid dynamic gain control, leading to better performance in challenging tasks like speech recognition in noise.
3124h agoKetamine's pain-relieving and dissociative effects are independent and are caused by different brain mechanisms.
3124h agoHumanized rats with a replaced transferrin receptor 1 axis can functionally express human proteins, but show varying degrees of iron regulation abnormalities depending on the gene dosage.
3124h agoRepetitive mild traumatic brain injury causes cumulative effects on consciousness and leads to progressive olfactory impairment, with sex-dependent microglial activation in brain regions such as the corpus callosum and neocortex.
3124h agoCD206+ meningeal macrophages prevent the spread of pain hypersensitivity after a minor injury in male rats, but not in female rats.
3124h agoExpressing the LRIT3 gene in rods or cones of mice with a form of congenital stationary night blindness restores or improves retinal function and visual acuity.
3124h agoActivation of brain Retinoid X Receptors enhances cognition and facilitates amyloid-beta clearance in Alzheimer's disease by upregulating Apolipoprotein E and modulating multiple cellular responses in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells.
3124h agoAntibiotics disrupt spatial cognition in mice by altering brain metabolism and blood-brain barrier integrity, but butyrate supplementation can preserve cognitive function.
3124h agoSounds presented during sleep improve recall of weakly encoded spatial memories, but adding odors linked to remembering or forgetting disrupts this improvement.
3124h agoAdolescents show age-related changes in brain chemicals, with older adolescents having higher levels of certain chemicals and lower levels of others, and more alcohol use is associated with lower levels of a brain chemical linked to healthy brain function.
3124h agoBrain activity for remembering is not a single general process, but rather a combination of different processes that are shared across tasks.
3124h agoNeuromodulators like norepinephrine influence breathing by modulating properties of different types of neurons in the preBotzinger complex, allowing for both robust and flexible control of breathing.
3124h agoAlzheimer's disease causes dopamine neurons in the brain to receive stronger excitatory inputs, which can lead to increased firing and altered dopamine signaling.
3124h agoLearning and effort-based decision-making interact to motivate behaviour, with people's willingness to exert effort influenced by their individual learning and subjective beliefs, and disruptions in this process linked to motivational difficulties.
3124h agoA novel AI-assisted framework accurately predicts engagement and cognitive outcomes in older adults during cognitive training by assessing attentional resources through facial expressions and heart rate variability.
3132h agoGrid cells in the brain form a map of the world by associating internal position estimates with external cues, and their representations evolve over time as mice learn to navigate in new spaces.
3132h agoThe atypical adhesion GPCR ADGRA1 is essential for hippocampal inhibitory synaptic function, particularly in PV and SST interneurons, and its deletion impairs learning and memory.
3132h agoThe superior colliculus encodes the transition from static to dynamic vision, and distinct neural responses occur in the brain when visual stimulation changes from low to high frequency.
3132h agoChronic stress causes sex-specific changes in behavior and mitochondrial function in the brain and adrenal glands, with females showing decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased vulnerability to stress-induced dysfunction.
3132h agoThe triplication of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene on chromosome 21 contributes to developmental and Alzheimer's disease-related changes in Down Syndrome.
3132h agoPerceptual comparison of similar visual dimensions can induce memory distortions, with visual dimensions more prone to distortion than semantic dimensions.
3136h agoLearned feature representations in computational models can be biased to over-represent certain features and under-represent others, posing challenges for understanding a system through representational analysis.
3136h agoDepression and suicidality alter brain activity in response to emotional content, with affected individuals showing earlier, stronger, and longer-lasting neural responses.
3136h agoPerception starts with probabilistic threshold crossings shaped by photon arrival statistics and biological variability, not with deterministic transduction, when light interacts with the retina.
3136h agoA biologically inspired model of spiking neurons based on a damped, driven pendulum captures richer temporal features and supports timing-sensitive computations for sequence processing and symbolic learning.
3136h agoThe human brain shows stronger activation in the medial prefrontal cortex when interacting with human opponents than with artificial intelligence agents during social interactions.
3136h agoA novel computational framework called HOI-Brain uses signed higher-order interactions in fMRI data to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism spectrum disorder.
3136h agoInput reconstruction in echo state networks can be achieved through unsupervised learning, without needing target outputs, if the network parameters are known and meet certain conditions.
3136h agoMost neurons perform simple computations based on individual inputs, not on complex interactions between inputs.
3136h agoA non-commutative formal geometry underlies a class of discrete integrable systems, including a non-commutative analog of the sixth q-Painleve equation.
3136h agoA new methodology uses entropy and a clustering algorithm to analyze chaotic itinerancy in dynamical systems, identifying systems likely to experience chaotic itinerancy and characterizing its dynamics.
3136h agoThe analytic solution for a shock wave profile in a nonlinear lossy transmission line is obtained, along with the charge and current functions of time and space.
3136h agoHigher-order interactions enhance ecosystem stability and prevent collapse, and also help explain the emergence of biodiversity and species abundance distribution patterns in ecological communities.
3136h agoThe combination of canonical conservation law and nonlocal cosymmetry construction derives a collection of nonlocal conservation laws for the two-dimensional Euler equation in vorticity form.
3136h agoThe solution to the (3,4) string equation has an asymptotic expansion that is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
3136h agoThe Schrödinger equation describes the average behavior of solitons, which behave classically on a zero background but exhibit fluctuating momentum and position on a chaotic background, giving rise to quantum phenomena.
3136h agoQuasi-periodic solutions to the sine-Gordon equation are expressed in terms of $\wp_{1,2g-1}$-function with fully specified reality conditions.
3136h agoHigher-order interactions in a system of coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators cause solitary states to emerge during the transition between synchronous and asynchronous states.
3136h agoThe study explores a family of effective models, identifying equivalent models and constructing analytic monopole solutions with complex energy density profiles and hollow cavities at their core.
3136h agoThe action-angle variables for the inhomogeneous six-vertex model's Hamiltonian flow are computed, confirming its integrability.
3136h agoSocial interactions lead to consensus or opinion fragmentation, and a study finds that opinion updates based on the weighted median opinion of interacting individuals result in different opinion distributions depending on the social network structure.
3136h agoThe Ising-type model has an L-operator that can be used to conclude it is exactly solvable and it exhibits dependencies on nearest neighbor interactions in its Poisson structure.
3136h agoInput reconstruction in echo state networks can be achieved through unsupervised learning, without needing target outputs, if the network parameters are known and meet certain conditions.
3136h agoTurbulence in the auroral ionosphere stems from field-aligned electrical currents and is governed by the flux of precipitating particles, not from local instabilities.
3136h agoDetecting a shared signal between two high-dimensional variables can be done by analyzing sample correlations, and joint and cross covariance matrices are better at reconstructing the signal than individual self covariance matrices.
3136h agoDisordered stealthy hyperuniform layered media show no evidence of Anderson localization of electromagnetic waves or deviations from transparency for a continuous band of frequencies.
3136h agoThe CLuP±Hop algorithm efficiently approximates the ground state free energies of positive and negative Hopfield models, achieving values close to the theoretical limits for problems of relatively small size.
3136h agoA vectorial extension of the Hopfield associative memory model exhibits energy landscapes with deep minima for stored patterns, anisotropic correlations, and order-disorder transitions, with an enhanced memory capacity compared to binary networks.
3136h agoQuantum generative adversarial networks generate synthetic financial time series that match the target distribution and show desired temporal correlations.
3136h agoKrylov complexity phase transitions coincide with classical percolation transitions in non-interacting systems but separate from them in interacting systems due to complex quantum many-body effects.
3136h agoStates with maximal complexity mark the border between the most quantum and most classical limits in n-qubit systems and also mark the cross-over or transition point between integrability and full quantum chaos in many-body systems.
3136h agoA simple random matrix model reproduces key features of impurity charge distribution, showing a crossover from a Gaussian to a bimodal distribution as hybridization decreases.
3136h agoGeometrically frustrated clusters with decorations show robust frustration effects even with some ferromagnetic impurities, but the threshold for this to occur depends on cluster connectivity.
3136h agoGenuine multipartite entanglement approaches its maximum value in the ergodic phase of a disordered quantum spin model, but vanishes in the many-body localized phase.
3136h agoAdding small dielectric coupling to a surrounding random medium causes asymptotic localization of the nonlinear field in 1D nonlinear Schrödinger lattices with random potential.
3136h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems are distributed in a way that reflects the distribution of the onsite disorder, which can mimic non-ergodicity and obscure adherence to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
3136h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, but delocalizes with a power-law behavior when spin-exchange processes are present.
3136h agoPeriodic structured illumination with pseudo-HiLo image reconstruction reduces signal contamination from out-of-focus cells during in vivo voltage imaging.
3140h agoThe human lateral prefrontal cortex has a finely organized architecture with distinct networks that support different processes, including domain-specific and domain-general functions.
3140h agoBody size estimation engages a network of brain regions including visual, motor, and parietal areas, and the superior parietal lobule is associated with individual differences in accuracy of estimating body part sizes.
3140h agoVisual short-term memory and chronic stress levels predict how people choose to use cognitive effort when rewards and task demands change, with visual short-term memory influencing choices for higher rewards and chronic stress and personal preferences affecting the amount of effort used for a steady reward.
3140h agoHippocampal replay events cause a rise in ventral striatal dopamine, which supports offline learning in the mammalian brain.
3140h agoAlpha/beta power reductions directly reflect eye movements, not memory formation, and are modulated by the degree of visual exploration.
3144h agoHand shaping during grasping reflects two separate neural pathways, one responding to the location of an object and the other to its size and shape.
3144h agoPeople with low vision are just as effective as those with normal vision in learning and recalling deliberate motor corrections through practice and feedback.
3144h agoMosquitoes detect carbon dioxide through a neural circuit that uses recurrent connections between sensory neurons to amplify the signal and make it more robust.
3144h agoThe SORL1 p.Y1816C variant impairs SORLA maturation, disrupts endosomal trafficking, and leads to abnormal neuronal function, including impaired axonal transport, increased amyloid-beta secretion, and abnormal electrophysiological activity.
3144h agoMeCP2 regulates depression-like symptoms in the nucleus accumbens, a key brain region for emotional and stress processing, by modulating gene expression in a cell type-specific manner.
3148h agoBlocking D2 dopamine receptors treats schizophrenia but patient responses vary, so a new mouse model combining immune activation and cannabis exposure shows reduced Reelin levels, a potential biomarker, and brain changes that mimic symptoms.
3148h agoThe NanoString Neuropathology panel produces unreliable data for measuring gene expression in mouse hippocampal tissue.
3148h agoThe organization of cells in the hippocampus reflects its role in regulating mood and cognition, according to a gene expression map created for the human hippocampus.
3152h agoDifferences in decision-making influence dopamine dynamics in the brain and are linked to confidence in choices and the value placed on past and future options, leading to changes in decisions.
3152h agoThe brain's long-range temporal correlations impose a measurable metabolic cost, with brains showing higher correlations incurring greater energetic demands for glucose metabolism and continuous biosynthetic processes.
3152h agoNorepinephrine stimulates protein synthesis in astrocytes by activating the mTOR-pS6K pathway, mainly through β-adrenergic receptors, and this process is linked to a decrease in astrocytic ATP levels and dependent on glycolysis.
3152h agoStroke survivors' upper limbs are constrained to spinal synergies suited to primitive locomotor functions after losing descending input, leading to the flexor synergy.
3152h agoA new method for growing human brain cells in a lab produces mature brain cells that mimic Parkinson's disease, allowing for investigation of disease mechanisms and testing of potential therapies.
3152h agoNeurofibromin mutations affect multiple signaling pathways, including MEK and Akt, which differentially influence metabolic and behavioral symptoms of neurofibromatosis type 1.
3152h agoUBR-1 regulates glutamate homeostasis through a signaling axis with GLN-3 and GOT-2.2, and this process is required for efficient locomotion and organismal viability.
3152h agoThe brain uses a predictive model to reduce the intensity of tactile sensations when touching oneself, and this prediction is associated with changes in neural activity in the beta band and increased connectivity between the cerebellum and somatosensory areas.
3152h agoThe basal ganglia's direct and indirect pathways have opposite effects on specific neurons in the cortex that are involved in decision-making, rather than on overall cortical activity.
3152h agoHippocampal outputs are routed to specific cortical targets and dynamically regulated across brain states through a multilayer architecture involving slow oscillations, spindles, and ripple coordination.
3152h agoThe Onecut transcription factors regulate a non-cell autonomous mechanism that controls the development of pre-motor interneurons in spinal motor circuits by producing Neurotrophin-3.
3152h agoPeople's mental representation of numbers is linked to space, with small numbers associated with the left side and large numbers with the right side, and this association may be a universal, innate ability.
3152h agoSample size should be incorporated into methods to correct for multiple comparisons in fMRI analysis to provide accurate thresholds and reduce type II error.
3156h agoAstrocytic glutamate-permeable VRACs are primarily composed of LRRC8A and LRRC8C, with LRRC8A being essential and LRRC8B possibly playing a structural role.
3156h agoA novel oscillatory network model simulates simultaneous EEG-fMRI data by modelling brain regions with low and high frequency oscillators, successfully replicating empirical functional connectivity and modularity across different spatiotemporal scales.
3156h agoMales and females exhibit different patterns of coupling between brain structure and function, with males showing stronger positive coupling in some brain regions and females showing stronger coupling in others.
3156h agoHigh-achieving students show different neurophysiological responses during deliberate silence and forced silence in class, and exhibit heightened engagement during lectures.
3160h agoNeural processing mechanisms underlying mathematical cognition are fundamentally similar between genders, with dynamic brain activation patterns showing 89.1% similarity and individual variation exceeding group differences.
3160h agoHuman visual and linguistic similarity judgements are based on a shared representational structure that reflects the relational properties of the external world.
3160h agoThe Engram Neural Network, a novel recurrent architecture inspired by biological neural systems, improves transparency and interpretability by explicitly modeling memory formation and recall, and achieves comparable accuracy and generalization performance to classical RNN architectures.
3160h agoThe HOI-Brain framework uses higher-order interactions in brain regions to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism.
3160h agoThe solution method for the Chen--Lee--Liu system is presented by solving the inverse scattering problem with a system of linear integral equations, using a data set of transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, and bound-state information to recover the potentials.
3160h agoQuantum droplets formed from Bose-Einstein condensed atoms can have traveling matter waves that propagate within them and interact with their boundaries.
3160h agoThe construction of linear and quadratic Darboux matrices generates non-Abelian integrable models, including Volterra-type equations and two-component systems such as the Ablowitz-Ladik and relativistic Toda equations.
3160h agoNetworks of coupled phase oscillators exhibit partially synchronized dynamic patterns, and statistical equilibrium relations can be derived to express how individual oscillator behavior depends on internal parameters and interaction functions.
3160h agoNetworks of phase oscillators with higher-order coupling can serve as dense associative memories, supporting bistable phase-locked states and robust storage of many phase patterns with superlinear scaling of memory capacity.
3160h agoHigh stress levels are found in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
3160h agoPhysical reservoir computing can be used to control and embed multiple behaviors into a soft robot, creating a multistable dynamical system that converges to different attractors.
3160h agoPolymeric turbulence has a self-similar energy spectrum that scales as $k^{-2.3}$, which is caused by a constant depletion rate of fluid energy by polymers across a wide range of scales.
3160h agoA two-component reaction-diffusion system exhibits bi-stability with two stable stationary background states that can be connected by stationary and travelling front solutions with a non-uniform speed.
3160h agoCalogero-Moser Pairs are useful in the study of Exceptional Hermite Polynomials, and a novel formula and theorem have been developed using this approach.
3160h agoThe transfer matrix eigenstates of the open XYZ spin chain with boundary fields can be obtained using a new Separation of Variables approach, allowing for the computation of scalar products as determinants that can be transformed into a more convenient form under certain boundary parameter constraints.
3160h agoBell nonlocality in many-body three-level systems is linked to integrable behavior, as measurement settings yielding maximal nonlocality result in a spectrum with Poissonian level statistics.
3160h agoLattice anomalies are topological invariants of symmetry actions that have distinct properties, including some that differ from expected quantum field theory anomalies, and have connections to commuting projector models, phases of many-body localized systems, and quantum cellular automata.
3160h agoA quantum neural network implemented on quantum computers classifies MNIST images better than a classical neural network, especially for borderline cases, by introducing quantum uncertainty into measurements.
3160h agoA theoretical model explains the weak decaying collective excitations in many-particle systems with long-range interaction potentials, reproducing dynamic structure factor spectra and dispersion characteristics in agreement with molecular dynamics simulation data.
3160h agoThermal cycling between room and cryogenic temperatures causes irreversible changes in electronic properties of 2D materials transferred onto patterned substrates.
3160h agoNetworks of phase oscillators with higher-order coupling can serve as dense associative memories, supporting bistable phase-locked states and robust storage of many phase patterns with superlinear scaling of memory capacity.
3160h agoDisorder in quantum spin chains with power-law-distributed random fields prevents conventional transport with a dynamical exponent less than 1/α.
3160h agoThe D-Wave 3D annealer finds exact ground states of 3D spin glasses with efficiency that scales as $2^{N/ \beta}$, where $\beta$ is approximately $10^3$.
3160h agoA solid transparent medium with randomly positioned impurity atoms can allow observation of Anderson localization of light in three dimensions if it has a sufficiently high number density of impurities.
3160h agoThe coherent cellular dynamical mean-field theory (C-CDMFT) algorithm combines nonlocal electronic correlations and disorder to study electron systems.
3160h agoAsymmetric molecular mechanisms in a pair of olfactory neurons drive symmetric response plasticity, allowing the nematode worm to change its behavior in response to different odors.
3164h agoModulating parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the dentate gyrus regulates the balance between sensitivity to subtle input differences and consistency to preserve stable memory representations.
3172h agoThe medial and caudal ganglionic eminences generate different types of interneurons based on their spatial origins, and specific interneuron subtypes preferentially arise from distinct subdomains within the caudal ganglionic eminence.
3172h agoLoss of SORL1 expression changes synaptic protein interactions, leads to hyperactive neurons driven by glutamatergic neurotransmission, and impairs synaptic plasticity.
3172h agoLogical reasoning does not rely on language, instead using other brain systems, and people with severe language impairments can still perform logical tasks.
3172h agoA smartwatch app that uses slow wave entrainment improves sleep quality, increases slow wave and delta power, and boosts mood and cognition in people with sleep problems.
3172h agoMutations in the chd7 gene cause most cases of CHARGE syndrome, and loss of chd7 disrupts multiple biological pathways, leading to physical and behavioral characteristics of the disorder.
3172h agoWorking memory changes visual processing by modulating oscillatory power and precise frequency of oscillations within visual areas, and the frequency of lower frequency components correlates with visually-evoked firing rates of neurons.
3172h agoThe brain represents social gaze interactions by breaking them down into basic components and combining them in specific ways, using a neural system that allows for generalization and minimizes interference.
3172h agoSerotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus signal reward history over a timescale of around a hundred trials, influencing an animal's behaviour in a dynamic Pavlovian task.
3172h agoFace-selective neural activity is distributed across the ventral occipito-temporal cortex, with a right-hemispheric dominance, and occurs largely concurrently across all regions, challenging the standard hierarchical view of visual object recognition.
3172h agoThe nervous system maintains its circuit integrity during growth by preserving synaptic density and relative connectivity, achieved through structural plasticity that adjusts axonal and dendritic density to compensate for unequal growth.
3172h agoInfants and young children show specialised brain responses to social visual and auditory stimuli, with distinct patterns of brain activation emerging across different age points from 5 months to 3-5 years.
3172h agoCardiac-innervating neurons have a multipolar structure and are larger in size compared to neurons that innervate the forelimb skin.
3176h agoMemory, attention, and visual processing interact during hybrid search, with specific neural signatures supporting the process, including changes in alpha-band power, beta-band activity, and evoked responses.
3176h agoPhysical exercise, especially aerobic exercise, enhances motor learning by inducing neurophysiological changes, and most studies on this topic focus on healthy populations, use high-intensity exercise, and measure motor learning in the short-term.
3176h agoPsilocybin induces neural plasticity and alters consciousness, and its effects are maintained even when co-administered with midazolam, with EEG measures capturing aspects of the subjective experience.
3176h agoWasteosomes accumulate in areas of white matter damage and are related to impaired glymphatic drainage, vascular problems, and severity of white matter injury.
3176h agoChanges in the excitability of cells, not changes in synaptic weights, can explain representational drift, a phenomenon where neurons' responses change over time while perception and behavior remain unchanged.
3176h agoActivation of D1-MSNs suppresses high-fat food intake, while activation of D2-MSNs enhances it, and their opposing contributions play a key role in regulating hedonic feeding.
3176h agoMice have an innate ability to judge food amounts, which depends on activity in the Posterior Parietal Cortex, and is linked to synchronous firing of neurons in this area.
3176h agoThe Realtime and Remote FED3 (RTFED) system allows for continuous and online home-cage monitoring of mice, logging and transmitting feeding events and operant behaviours in real-time, while also enabling customizable data collection and reducing animal disturbance.
3176h agoEndothelial dysfunction in brain blood vessels contributes to cognitive impairment in aging by damaging blood vessel function, increasing tau phosphorylation, decreasing myelination, and reducing capillary density.
3176h agoInternal model function is preserved in healthy aging for everyday tasks, but it is shaped by different compensatory mechanisms.
3176h agoLoss of the helicase UAP56 causes defects in dendrite and presynapse pruning by disrupting actin regulation and mRNA export pathways.
3180h agoPlatelets from Alzheimer's disease patients show increased binding of amyloid-beta, altered morphology, and sex-specific differences in activation, making them a potential biomarker for early diagnosis.
3180h agoExternal light schedules and daily routines affect nighttime waking in young children, with low daytime light, extended bright light, and irregular schedules, especially on weekends, disrupting nighttime sleep.
3184h agoA Generative Adversarial Inference network learns sensory representations and inference strategies from data and reproduces the bias reversal in human perception from prior attraction to repulsion under varying sensory uncertainty.
3184h agoA new computational framework called HOI-Brain accurately characterizes higher-order interactions of brain regions from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data to diagnose brain diseases.
3184h agoFunctional connectivity emerges as the best feature for predicting cognition, age, and sex from resting-state functional MRI recordings.
3184h agoCombining features from different state-of-the-art models and using a simple architecture with shared and subject-specific components improves the generalization of encoding models to novel movie stimuli.
3184h agoA novel deep learning framework called NeuroCLIP uses EEG and fNIRS data to provide a robust biomarker for methamphetamine addiction and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
3184h agoTask-based fMRI data outperforms resting-state fMRI in predicting cognitive behavior, and graph neural networks combining structural and functional connectivity achieve high performance in cognitive prediction.
3184h agoPeople can quickly learn to punish unfairness that benefits them, even if it costs them, by observing and imitating someone else's behavior.
3184h agoThe human hypothalamus is composed of four functional subregions with distinct patterns of connectivity to the cortex, showing stronger connections to frontal, midline, and limbic cortical areas and weaker connections to posterior sensorimotor regions.
3184h agoBiostasis practitioners agree that synaptic connectivity is a reliable indicator of preservation quality, but face barriers such as inadequate preservation, geographic obstacles, and poor execution.
3184h agoA novel neural network mechanism that combines Transformer attentional operations with the neuroscience theory of binding by synchrony improves accuracy, noise robustness, and generalization abilities on image classification tasks.
3184h agoArtificial intelligence chatbots can cause psychological harm, including suicide, violence, and delusional thinking, particularly for people with mental health conditions who use them for emotional support and companionship.
3184h agoA novel approach constructs quasi-isospectral higher-order Hamiltonians from time-independent Lax pairs by using the higher-order M-operator as the starting point.
3184h agoThe symmetric $\phi^4$-$\phi^2 |\phi|$-$\phi^2$ model has kink, pulse, and periodic solutions for its entire range of parameters.
3184h agoVector solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates can be controlled using time-dependent parameters, allowing for interactions such as superposition states, fission, and shape-preserving collisions.
3184h agoKP solitons are expressed as singular limits of shifted Riemann theta functions and are obtained by degenerating finite-gap solutions associated with Schottky groups.
3184h agoRogue wave formation and spectral downshifting in nonlinear wave systems depend on the type of dissipation and wave steepness.
3184h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
3184h agoA model of swarm behavior shows that agents can collectively produce a desired density by moving stochastically over a networked domain and adjusting their motion based on local, uncertain measurements.
3184h agoMicro-level noises and disturbances in the initial conditions of turbulent flows can greatly influence macro-level characteristics and statistics of turbulence through a process called the "noise-expansion cascade".
3184h agoNumerical noise greatly influences turbulent flows in 3D Kolmogorov turbulent flow, causing huge deviations in flow field, energy cascade, and statistics between direct numerical simulation and clean numerical simulation results.
3184h agoThe maximal Lyapunov exponent of homogeneous turbulence relates to the sweeping of turbulent flows and the scaling of the uncertainty field's integral length.
3184h agoThe quantum XYZ open spin-1/2 chain with boundary fields can be solved using Sklyanin's version of the quantum Separation of Variables, yielding exact representations for elementary blocks of correlation functions.
3184h agoThe matrix product solution for the steady state of the harmonic process is obtained from existing solutions in the literature, clarifying the relation between three representations of the steady state.
3184h agoAn affine map approximation accurately recovers a transmitted bit sequence in high-speed coherent optical communication by using only the continuous part of the Lax spectrum.
3184h agoDark photons can be efficiently produced in the early universe through their coupling to an oscillating axion field when the axion potential is shallower than quadratic at large field values.
3184h agoThe weight-activation dynamics of a class of memristor feedback dynamic neural networks converges to an equilibrium point, except for a set of initial conditions with zero measure, under suitable assumptions on the memristor interconnections.
3184h agoTraveling waves of permanent form exist in a coordinate-free model of flame fronts moving in a vertical direction.
3184h agoPySHRED, a Python package, implements the SHallow REcurrent Decoders (SHRED) strategy for modeling high-dimensional dynamical systems and spatiotemporal data from snapshot observations.
3184h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, including a 3rd-order class of equations and a 5th-order equation.
3184h agoSome real-world systems have random and uncertain behavior over time, and a new framework of stochastic differential equations can consistently interpret and analyze their finite-time stochastic behavior.
3184h agoA novel reduced-order methodology, called the orbital Cluster-based Network Model (oCNM), accurately describes complex multi-frequency fluid dynamics by modelling short-term trajectories over multiple clusters, enhancing the understanding of temporal behaviours.
3184h agoAlgebraic Bethe circuits can be derived by a change of basis in the auxiliary space, generating a linear superposition of plane waves that characterises the coordinate Bethe Ansatz.
3184h agoNonreciprocally coupled quantum oscillators exhibit a rich variety of synchronization behaviors, including phase locking, antiphase locking, bistable phase locking, and active states, due to the interplay of three competing synchronization mechanisms.
3184h agoA simple model shows that self-propelled droplets emerge from the interplay between reacting surfactants, the Marangoni effect, and wetting dynamics, resulting in various motility modes including directional motion, crawling, and random walks.
3184h agoDiscrete bright matter-wave solitons with attractive interaction exist in an optical lattice and their characteristics depend on lattice depths and spacings.
3184h agoThe motion of a material point in a constant magnetic field is integrable on spheres of any dimension, with complete integrability proven for dimensions up to 6 and noncommutative integrability for higher dimensions.
3184h agoThe distribution of off-diagonal elements of the scattering matrix in open microwave networks with symplectic symmetry deviates from random-matrix theory predictions due to the subgraphs not being fully connected.
3184h agoSparse random matrices often exhibit unbounded eigenvalue tails, and this study presents an analytical approach to characterising these tails by linking eigenvalues to exponentially localised eigenvectors on highly-connected network hubs.
3184h agoA novel deep learning model called DOTA uses local density of states as input to predict chemically accurate adsorption energies across metallic and intermetallic surfaces.
3184h agoThe analysis of biological and artificial neural networks requires considering generic real-asymmetric matrix ensembles, and a complexity parameter approach derives the ensemble averaged spectral densities for real and complex eigenvalues, revealing a universality among sparse real-asymmetric ensembles.
3184h agoScientists propose a new method using artificial intelligence and language models to efficiently design new materials, specifically metallic glasses, by analyzing relationships among materials and assessing the role of natural languages.
3184h agoThe Random First Order Transition theory explains correlations between kinetic and thermodynamic behaviors of glass-forming liquids with varied chemical compositions and interactions.
3184h agoNeural Importance Resampling (NIR) enables efficient and unbiased sampling for neural quantum states, mitigating issues faced by existing methods and yielding competitive results with established approaches.
3184h agoHyperuniform systems show a high degree of uniformity at large length scales, with three classes having different levels of uniformity, and class I systems having the highest degree of uniformity from small to large length scales.
3184h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
3184h agoAn intermediate phase emerges in the Ising model on hyperbolic lattices, characterized by bulk ordering induced by boundary effects, in addition to paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases.
3184h agoCoupling a strongly disordered chain to another disordered chain with anti-symmetrically correlated disorder can induce Anderson delocalization and restore the non-Hermitian skin effect when the inter-chain coupling exceeds a threshold.
3184h agoInteracting particles in a one-dimensional disordered system undergo a localization transition that is shifted to the non-interacting point due to attractive interactions.
3184h agoDual-unitary shadow tomography (DUST) outperforms brick-wall Clifford shadows in predicting operators with full support, thanks to its operator spreading structure resembling relativistic quantum field theories.
3184h agoRydberg atom arrays on the kagome lattice do not show exotic spin liquid or emergent glassy behavior according to two-dimensional recurrent neural network wave functions.
3184h agoA free scalar field with quenched disorder is gapless and has conformal symmetry, with exotic continuous symmetries, including nilpotent bosonic ones, that resemble Parisi-Sourlas supersymmetries.
3184h agoLagrangian Neural Networks adapted to mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints show improved accuracy in trajectory estimation, better adherence to constraints, and more stable energy behavior.
3184h agoEvolving small neural networks into larger ones during training optimizes network size and outperforms static networks of equivalent final size on nonlinear regression and classification tasks.
3184h agoProbabilistic computers, when designed with powerful Monte Carlo algorithms, provide a scalable classical pathway for solving hard optimization problems, outperforming a leading quantum annealer in tests on 3D spin glasses.
3184h agoHighly accurate neural network architectures cluster together in flat regions of the architecture search landscape, and a new algorithm, Architecture-Aware Minimization, uses this insight to improve generalization on benchmark datasets.
3184h agoScientists have developed a method for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging by combining strong magnetic field gradients with control over electron spins in diamond.
3184h agoAxons of cortical neurons maintain precise timing during spontaneous network activity, but their reliability drops under external stimulation at high frequencies, due to sodium channel inactivation.
3192h agoThe motor neurons that control male fertility in fruit flies are divided into two classes, serotonin and glutamate neurons and octopamine and glutamate neurons, which innervate different reproductive organs and use different signaling pathways.
3192h agoThe perception of visual tilt does not always produce an eye movement response known as optostatic torsion, suggesting a dissociation between perceived tilt and the processing of tilt that drives this motor response.
3192h agoCaMKII activity optimally supports neurotransmitter release by regulating exocytosis and synaptic vesicle dynamics, and both increasing and decreasing CaMKII activity impairs vesicle fusion.
3192h agoLocal factors determine the identities of astrocytes with different origins.
3196h agoNeural population activity can be described by topological objects called neural manifolds, which are shaped by nature, nurture, and other factors.
3196h agoSeeing an infectious avatar approach the body in virtual reality triggers the brain to prepare the body to fight infections, even when there is no real threat.
3196h agoLayer 5 pyramidal neurons in the mouse cortex have distinct local and intercortical wiring patterns.
3196h agoLocomotion increases the gain in certain brain cells that sensitize to visual stimuli, while having weaker effects on cells that depress, through a mechanism that involves changes in connections and inhibition.
3196h agoThe retinal ganglion cells are uniformly sensitive across all directions of motion, and this sensitivity is maintained because the cells prioritize avoiding low sensitivity over maximizing the average information transmitted.
3196h agoA novel approach called Inception uses whole-brain models to simulate the long-term effects of perturbations on brain activity and shows promise in helping patients with Disorders of Consciousness recover.
3196h agoNG2-glia in the adult mouse cortex and corpus callosum have distinct morphological patterns that vary by layer, with those in deep cortical layers having larger and more complex structures, and those in superficial layers and the corpus callosum having smaller and simpler structures.
3204h agoALS progression differs by sex in mice, with changes in metabolism regulation through leptin and its signaling pathways varying by sex and disease stage.
3204h agoArtificial intelligence chatbots can pose risks of psychological harm, including belief destabilization and dependence, particularly for individuals with mental health conditions, due to interactions between human biases and chatbot behavioral tendencies.
3208h agoMice with a mixed genetic background of C57BL/6J and 129S2/SvPas show more varied behavior and better represent traits of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions than inbred mice.
3208h agoNeuromodulators like norepinephrine influence breathing by changing properties of specific neurons in the preBötzinger complex, a network that controls inspiratory rhythm.
3208h agoReciprocity, not barter, was the foundational economic logic in early human societies, and it can be explained by a minimal behavioral framework based on individual recognition, reciprocal credence, and cost-return sensitivity.
3208h agoThe accumulation of C99, a fragment of the amyloid precursor protein, disrupts cellular function by affecting protein networks that regulate gene expression, mitochondrial metabolism, and autophagy.
3208h agoA novel benchmark and experiments show that a neural network called Scattering Compositional Learner generalizes abstract relations best and aligns with human behavior.
3208h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information accurately predicts brain responses to naturalistic stimuli, achieving a Pearson r = 0.2094 and a peak score of mean r = 0.63.
3208h agoA sequence-to-sequence Transformer model predicts whole-brain fMRI responses to naturalistic multimodal movies by integrating visual, auditory, and language inputs with prior brain states.
3208h agoCoarse-graining macrostates into smaller blocks helps identify important computations leading to emergent complex structures and behaviors in cellular automata.
3208h agoMachine learning models, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy), accurately predict the motion of floating Sargassum seaweed rafts, especially in conditions with tightly bonded clumps.
3208h agoNonlinear aggregation dynamics of phase elements on a unit circle exhibit Arnold tongue-like structures in parameter space, where initially random distributions aggregate into highly anisotropic states under parametrically modulated external fields.
3208h agoThe Boussinesq equation has an integrable hierarchy that arises on coadjoint orbits in the loop algebra of $\mathfrak{sl}(3)$, with finite-gap hamiltonian systems possessing spectral curves from the family of $(3,3N\,{+}\,1)$-curves.
3208h agoThe correspondence principle, which links classical chaotic motion to quantum spectral correlations, fails in dissipative quantum systems, even in a prototypical kicked model.
3208h agoThe Kibble-Zurek mechanism holds for open systems transitioning from a disordered phase to a discrete time crystal, with the number of spatial defects and transition delay following a power-law scaling with quench time.
3208h agoA new predictive framework accurately predicts the location of laminar-to-turbulent transition in fluid flows by linking pre-transition flow characteristics to transition onset locations using a large dataset and machine learning models.
3208h agoSingle-particle chaos leads to equilibration of many non-interacting photons through operator spreading and quantum interference.
3208h agoEntanglement, stabilizer entropy, and entanglement spectrum anti-flatness in spin chains show distinct long-time behavior after a quantum quench, with free-fermion theories having a gap and non-integrable models saturating the random matrix theory value.
3208h agoCells differentiate into multiple types through three major processes - chaotic oscillations, channeled annealing, and rapid quenching - which achieve robustness to external perturbations through distinct properties and dynamics.
3208h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all levels or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
3208h agoThe one dimensional, critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, allowing for the construction of commuting transfer matrices and the recursive obtainment of conserved quantities.
3208h agoAn adaptive scheme optimizes neural-network quantum states by training small recurrent neural networks and reusing them to initialize larger ones, reducing computation cost and improving the quality of variational calculations.
3208h agoThe Harper model's states transition to quantum diffusive states as the perturbation strength increases, for a range of potential strengths and with at least three incommensurate frequencies.
3208h agoThe study finds that relaxation modes contributing to spectral divergences in a glassy dynamics model have localized wavefunctions with multifractal properties.
3208h agoMany-body localization can be characterized geometrically by the many-body quantum metric and localization parameter, which are related in disordered insulating states and can extract a natural localization length in the MBL regime.
3208h agoSingle-particle chaos leads to equilibration of many non-interacting photons through operator spreading and quantum interference.
3208h agoThe spectral form factor in chaotic quantum systems shows a universal linear ramp and plateau structure with erratic oscillations, and its moments reveal deviations from random matrix universality in disordered systems.
3208h agoA special class of multi-species spin glass models has a free energy lower bound that matches the free energy of a single-species model with a specific inverse-temperature parameter.
3208h agoLecanemab, an anti-amyloid antibody, clears amyloid by activating microglia, which then enhance their ability to engulf and digest amyloid, a process that involves specific genes and factors, including SPP1/osteopontin.
3212h agoParaquat, a widely used herbicide, combines with alpha-synuclein to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia, leading to cell death, and this process can be blocked by NLRP3 inhibitors.
3216h agoSensory entrained intermittent theta burst stimulation (se-iTBS) more than doubles the effect of standard iTBS on motor-evoked potentials, producing a larger response in at least 80% of participants that lasts for at least 30 minutes.
3216h agoAn open-top light-sheet microscope enables high-speed, 3D imaging of small organisms, like C. elegans, in microfluidic devices, allowing for the recording of neural activity at high volume rates.
3216h agoTwitches during NREM sleep in 6-month-old infants occur more intensely during N2 sleep, and are linked to sleep spindles in both N2 and N3 sleep, but have an inverse relationship with delta power.
3216h agoNeural variability can be partitioned into two components: a stimulus component and a modulatory component, and a new model accurately captures spike train variability across timescales and throughout the visual hierarchy.
3216h agoA new model-based clustering approach, called hierarchical Bayesian mapping of axonal projections (HBMAP), accurately identifies patterns of brain wiring and characterizes uncertainty across subjects.
3220h agoCnidaria have a group of inhibitory ion channel receptors that use glutamate as a ligand, not gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and these receptors massively diversified, which may have helped evolve complex behaviors and sensory processing in their nervous system.
3224h agoAge explains only a modest proportion of differences in brain function, whereas individual differences play a dominant role, particularly in older adults.
3224h agoHigh gamma bursting increases in the prefrontal cortex and beta bursting increases in multisensory areas during visual working memory processing, and these bursts are coupled through a phase-burst code that supports memory maintenance.
3224h agoThe Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), a region in the brain that responds to text, can be found on each individual's cortical surface, responds to text regardless of the task, but its location varies across individuals.
3224h agoThe stability of rhythmic activity in neural networks remains unaltered even after removing one of its strongest synapses, suggesting that central pattern generators are designed to be strongly stable.
3224h agoNormalizing the APP gene copy number in DS cortical organoids improves deficits in brain cell growth and development.
3224h agoThe brain-specific microRNA miR-1000 regulates fat storage by controlling a neuropeptide gene, and its loss leads to higher body weight, increased fat storage, and changes in survival and lifespan.
3228h agoTwo populations of neurons, moonwalker descending neurons and DopaMeander, control distinct aspects of walking in Drosophila by integrating sensory inputs and driving changes in walking direction and forward movement.
3228h agoEthanol exposure alters the timing and structure of theta bursts in brain regions, impairing locomotion and goal-directed behaviors.
3228h agoHippocampal ripples help disengage mental schemas to enable creative thinking by reducing activity in the medial prefrontal cortex.
3228h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) primarily acts on genes related to synaptic plasticity in both cortical and subcortical circuits in the aged brain, but its effects vary by brain region and are less effective in older adults compared to younger adults.
3232h agoExposure to a synthetic mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) causes deficits in long-term spatial memory and disrupts gene expression in brain regions of mice.
3232h agoA novel system called MOTUM enables participants to perform naturalistic movements inside an fMRI scanner while experiencing immersive virtual reality, allowing researchers to link movement kinematics to brain activity.
3232h agoResearchers have adapted six popular chemo- and opto-genetics methods to control when and where calcium recording occurs in cells using the SCANR system, and successfully developed two strategies to achieve this.
3232h agoThe voice signals contain diagnostic cues essential for accurate affect decoding, and a neural network is able to decode emotions from voice samples even when they are partially masked by noise.
3232h agoSatiety accelerates the influence of food-associated cues on behavior, rather than abolishing it, and real-time ingestion plays a crucial role in understanding how physiological states modulate cue-driven devaluation.
3236h agoThe human brain processes dynamic vision through two fundamental computations: object recognition and motion recognition, which emerge from a single goal of understanding world dynamics.
3240h agoStimulating the contralateral primary motor cortex reduces the transfer of newly learned motor skills to the untrained arm.
3240h agoThe absence of C1QA worsens blood-retina barrier dysfunction, cystoid edema, and neuroinflammation, and activating beta-catenin-dependent signaling can resolve cystoid edema.
3240h agoDrugs of abuse disrupt chloride homeostasis in VTA GABA neurons by activating dopamine receptors, leading to long-lasting plasticity that may contribute to addiction.
3240h agoOlfactory ensheathing cell transplantation promotes spinal cord repair by activating ependymal cells, which then proliferate, differentiate into supportive astrocytes, and create a permissive environment for neuronal survival and growth.
3244h agoThe study identified 46 genes associated with optic neuritis, including HLA-DRB1 as the top risk locus, and suggests that omacetaxine mepesuccinate may be a potential therapy for preventing neurodegeneration.
3244h agoOligodendroglial ADAM10 plays a role in the formation and maintenance of myelin sheaths, and its deficiency leads to delayed maturation of oligodendrocytes, altered myelination, and long-term motor and cognitive deficits in male mice.
3248h agoIndividuals with developmental prosopagnosia have similar population receptive field properties in visual areas as controls, challenging the theory that their face recognition deficits are caused by reduced spatial integration in face-selective regions.
3248h agoSocial touch helps us attach to others, and it is linked to the maturation of specific neurons in the brain, which develop and influence social behavior as we experience sensory interactions.
3248h agoProgrammers using generative artificial intelligence code assistants are at risk of over-relying on these tools, leading to undetected errors in generated code, especially in scientific software development where code is often untested and developers are undertrained.
3248h agoLanguage and theory of mind develop from distinct neural origins in the superior temporal lobe, with children as young as 4-9 years old showing separate brain patterns for each.
3252h agoKCNT1 gene variants cause a type of epilepsy characterized by abnormal brain activity, and a new mouse model of this epilepsy shows that the genetic mutation leads to increased brain excitability and seizures.
3252h agoA new probe design allows for large-scale single unit recordings from many neurons in the brains of behaving monkeys.
3260h agoParkinson's disease patients have specific changes in amino acid levels in certain areas of the brain that are affected by the disease.
3260h agoStress changes REM sleep through a specific neural pathway that connects the thalamus and prefrontal cortex, disrupting normal sleep patterns and cognitive functions.
3260h agoA parallelized maze system with automated reward delivery allows for efficient training of rodents in spatial navigation tasks, reducing experimenter involvement and error.
3260h agoPeople with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have smaller thalamic nuclei volumes in certain areas of the brain, and those with major depressive disorder (MDD) have smaller mediodorsal thalamus volumes, compared to trauma-exposed controls.
3260h agoParent-child neural similarity in the amygdala helps youth adapt emotionally when facing uncertainty, and this similarity is linked to positive family relationships and better emotional regulation.
3264h agoThe brain uses a predictive coding framework to estimate another person's pain, with top-down priors influencing decisions on their expected and experienced pain, and uncertainty exerting a stronger influence in decisions about others than oneself.
3264h agoHigh-intensity interval training enhances the acquisition of a novel motor skill, but its effects are not specifically due to online or offline learning processes within a session.
3264h agoNon-invasive brain stimulation with extremely low frequency magnetic fields improves memory and cognitive function in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease by stimulating immature stem cells and promoting redox balance and reduced glial aggravation.
3264h agoMARK2 protects against neurodegeneration by negatively regulating glial immune responses, specifically by reducing inflammation driven by the Toll pathway.
3264h agoInternally directed attention disrupts working memory performance by altering brain activity, specifically by enhancing late positive potentials and changing alpha and beta band synchronization.
3264h agoFixel-based measures of brain fibre density, cross-section, and density and cross-section show high reproducibility and reliability across different scanners, with whole-brain level measures having coefficients of variation ranging from 0.51% to 1.57% and intraclass correlation coefficients between 0.93 and 0.996.
3264h agoCystitis-induced bladder pain and its affective components are encoded and modulated by specific neuronal ensembles in the central amygdala.
3264h agoThe subitizing limit, which is the ability to distinguish around 3-4 separate objects at a time, is caused by differences in neural excitatory:inhibitory balance, not by alpha oscillation frequency.
3264h agoA maternal high-sucrose diet during pregnancy disrupts testosterone and allopregnanolone levels in critical regions of the fetal brain that regulate reward-seeking and emotion.
3264h agoTraumatic brain injury causes changes in gene expression in specific areas of the brain, with the type and extent of change depending on the location and type of tissue damaged.
3264h agoA scalable platform that integrates optogenetic stimulation, calcium imaging, and automated analysis enables robust quantification of dynamic neuronal responses across hundreds of human neurons, facilitating disease modeling and therapeutic screening for neurological disorders.
3264h agoPerseverative thoughts in depression and anxiety are hard to control because they activate brain areas that are hard to switch off and use less control energy.
3264h agoGlial cells use the adhesion molecule Ninjurin A to infiltrate and clear neuronal debris from damaged areas in the brain.
3264h agoThe normalization of neuronal responses in the macaque middle temporal visual area is mainly determined by the receptive field responsivity at each stimulus location.
3264h agoRho-kinases 1 and 2 play distinct roles in regulating serotonin and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of mice.
3264h agoThe neural processing of imagined sounds is categorical, with brain responses differing between imagined speech sounds and environmental sounds.
3264h agoThe vagus nerve's activity changes with anesthesia and can be tracked over months in mice using a chronic implant model, revealing diverse nerve populations with different physiological coupling and firing rates.
3268h agoHigh-resolution fMRI signals can detect rapid neural dynamics, with object-category information decoded in less than 2 seconds after signal onset, by combining ultra-fast sampling and multivariate decoding.
3268h agoP2RY12 receptor plays a critical role in regulating microglial immune and metabolic responses under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions by controlling distinct metabolic pathways and antioxidant defenses.
3268h agoCollagen XVIII helps guide axons to specific branching points during nerve regeneration by attracting defasciculated axons across the epidermal basement membrane.
3268h agoA new imaging method measures blood velocity responses in individual vessels in humans with high resolution, showing a 10% increase in blood velocity in the posterior cerebral artery in response to visual stimuli.
3268h agoAstrocytes use multiple mechanisms to maintain stable potassium levels outside neurons, and different combinations of these mechanisms can achieve the same outcome.
3268h agoSocial cognition networks, including empathy and theory of mind, develop at different rates in children and adolescents.
3276h agoChronic stress hormone elevation impairs behavioral flexibility and promotes inflexible behavior by altering gene expression in the brain's dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum regions.
3276h agoA neural circuit model consisting of interconnected memory and control modules can manipulate working memory sequences by re-ordering items through elementary swapping operations.
3276h agoThe myelination of white matter tracts in the brain strongly predicts functional connectivity patterns, with a modulatory role in structure-function coupling that varies across brain regions and timescales of neural function.
3276h agoThe brain uses two mechanisms, sharpening expected information and emphasizing unexpected information through prediction errors, at different levels to integrate predictions with incoming speech and facilitate perception.
3276h agoHuntingtin protein plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity by assembling a DNA repair complex in both the nucleus and mitochondria to resolve DNA lesions.
3276h agoCognitive processes are represented by near-orthogonal coding subspaces across the cortex, and this organization breaks down during errors, with only the memory subspace reflecting intrinsic circuit properties.
3276h agoScene context helps humans recognize objects better, and this ability can be replicated in artificial vision models that use language supervision and have rich, category-structured representations.
3276h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information over time accurately predicts brain responses to naturalistic stimuli.
3280h agoA sequence-to-sequence Transformer model predicts whole-brain fMRI responses to naturalistic multimodal movies by integrating visual, auditory, and language inputs with prior brain states.
3280h agoMultisensory integration requires understanding how multiple senses work together, and this involves examining interactions between sensory modalities, their unique temporal dynamics, and characteristics.
3280h agoMost EEG foundation models adopt a sequence-based modeling scheme that relies on transformer-based backbones and the reconstruction of masked sequences for self-supervision.
3280h agoThe sine-Gordon model with space and time-dependent parameters can be described by an effective model with one degree of freedom that accurately captures kink movement and stability regions.
3280h agoThe modified Toda hierarchy connects to the Toda hierarchy and has two tau functions, and its reduction forms a generalized bigraded modified Toda hierarchy that is a two-component generalization of the constrained modified KP hierarchy.
3280h agoThe thermal conductivity of nanoscale low-dimensional systems in nonequilibrium steady states is connected to the canonical motion of the Toda lattice in equilibrium through a hypothetical condition.
3280h agoPartial order parameter adaptation in coupled Kuramoto oscillators on random hypergraphs leads to a diverse range of synchronization transitions, including double-jump transitions, intermediate synchronization states, and continuous or explosive synchronization.
3280h agoThe observable drift, a measure of sensitivity to adiabatic deformations, correctly characterizes classical systems as chaotic and is equivalent to the definition of chaos based on sensitivity to initial conditions.
3280h agoTwo nontrivial rotational equilibrium solutions exist for the spatial uniform gas pressure model, including a nonspherically symmetric, horn-torus-shaped equilibrium bubble.
3280h agoA generalized Duffing-type equation captures complex biophysical states involved in signal transmission in nerve membranes, providing new analytical insight into nonlinear electromechanical behaviour.
3280h agoEcho-State Networks with fixed circuitry and adaptive linear read-outs can efficiently process temporal streams, and a unified treatment shows that they have fading-memory properties, are dense in a key space of filters, and have quantifiable computational resources.
3280h agoThe nonlinear Schrödinger equation's initial-value problem is solved using a new method that involves series representations for the Jost solutions of the Zakharov-Shabat system to compute scattering coefficients and recover the potential.
3280h agoStrong attractive interactions between two-component fermions in a one-dimensional system can be mapped onto a weakly interacting problem, allowing for the use of simpler study methods.
3280h agoThe study introduces a new model that exhibits unconventional phases, including one with volume-law entanglement and intermediate spectral statistics, and another with Poisson level statistics and sub-volume entanglement growth.
3280h agoDisordered kinetic glass models from statistical physics can be used as toy models for autoregressive sequence generation.
3280h agoNon-interacting spin-wave theory predicts the exact diffusion constant for a specific kinetically-constrained hopping process on a triangular lattice with certain conditions.
3280h agoDis-GEN, a new generative model, can generate symmetry-consistent structures of disordered inorganic materials that accommodate compositional disorder and vacancies.
3280h agoIncluding non-magnetic disorder increases the area where a system acts as a Chern insulating state and breaking up disordered patches can expand the existence of the topological Anderson insulator.
3280h agoThe weight space of artificial neural networks has a spiky topology near the interpolation threshold, but becomes flat and easy to sample in the overparameterized regime.
3280h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a prime candidate for neuromorphic machine learning processors with on-chip learning, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST.
3280h agoGradient descent can escape rough regions in the loss landscape and recover a signal well when the signal-to-noise ratio is large enough, due to the presence of an informative negative direction in the Hessian at the start of the descent.
3280h agoThe Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm's success is limited by a nonstabilizerness barrier that increases with circuit depth before decreasing, which also exists in adiabatic quantum annealing.
3280h agoQuantum annealers can be used to study magnetic hysteresis, and experiments on three superconducting qubit quantum annealers show that hysteresis loops depend on quantum fluctuations in a non-monotonic way.
3280h agoCyclic quantum walks on graphs generate exotic topological phenomena, including gapped and gapless phases, protected edge states, and flat bands, which can be used for fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
3280h agoSensorimotor beta oscillations influence perceptual decisions by biasing choices towards responses with the opposite hand, and individuals with stronger beta lateralization tend to alternate their decision responses and make slower decisions.
3284h agoThe accumulation of amyloid-beta and mutant Tau proteins leads to reduced neuronal activity and function in young adult animals, with muscle tissue abnormalities also affecting neuronal function.
3284h agoThe level of excitatory processing in early visual areas determines the extent of adaptive visual perceptual learning for task-irrelevant visual signals.
3284h agoDynamic line drawings convey mechanical material properties, and their contour motion carries rich information about material qualities.
3284h agoAn ensemble of machine-learning algorithms accurately classifies sleep stages from a single EEG channel recorded by a customized wearable headband, achieving almost perfect agreement with expert-scored sleep stages.
3284h agoComputational models can accurately reproduce the responses of electrically stimulated nerve fibers by using an optimization procedure to fit model parameters to individual nerve fiber responses.
3284h agoThe brain uses two neural mechanisms, reactive inhibition and attentional gating, to manage distractions and prioritize relevant information when processing visual inputs.
3284h agoA connectome-constrained neural network model, with learned synaptic weights, generates plausible C. elegans behavior mediated by activity changes in command neurons.
3284h agoThe algorithm pBOSC detects and localizes neural oscillations with around 95% accuracy, allowing for the exploration of brain dynamics.
3284h agoStress granules in Alzheimer's disease brains show profound structural and molecular changes, with rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease displaying distinctive shifts towards pathological composition and function.
3284h agoThe parietal Late Positive event-related potential Component (LPC) reflects the rate of evidence accumulation for recognition memory judgments, indicating memory strength, especially for memorised objects.
3284h agoLarval zebrafish maintain robust hunting performance across a range of temperatures because neural activity and tail movements adjust together to keep spatial parameters stable.
3284h agoChanges in the striosome compartment of the brain, particularly in molecules regulating cyclic AMP levels, may be an essential target for understanding the pathogenesis of movement disorders such as chorea and dystonia in Huntington's disease.
3284h agoPeripheral vision loss disrupts the ability to quickly understand the meaning of a scene, especially for scenes with social interactions, while central vision loss mainly affects how people move their eyes to look at the scene.
3288h agoCell-cell communication patterns in the brain spatially align with tissue damage across 13 neurodegenerative conditions, and three principal axes of cell-cell communication underlie brain tissue vulnerability.
3288h agoRepetitive negative thinking is linked to altered brain connections, and a new framework shows that small brain regions, such as the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, can be controlled with less energy to drive changes in mood states.
3288h agoRecurrently connected neural networks with specific patterns of connectivity can control and reconfigure sequential neural activity to enable flexible behavior.
3288h agoExperience-dependent sign switching occurs at synapses between certain neurons, changing them from excitatory to inhibitory or vice versa, and this switching helps drive learning and modulate dopamine release.
3288h agoMice that eat high-salt food and experience stress have changes in their brain inflammation and coping behaviors, with effects that differ by sex and over time.
3288h agoWriting computational science manuscripts effectively requires following specific recommendations.
3292h agoActivation of DG SST+ interneurons impairs encoding and retrieval of spatial memory, while activation of PV+ interneurons selectively disrupts encoding but not retrieval.
3296h agoA computational model shows that neuronal assemblies can be flexibly learned and combined to perform real-world computations without forgetting previous ones by using dendritic compartments for learning.
3296h agoFunctional networks in the brain start emerging before birth, with interhemispheric connections and systematic organisation observed in fetal data, showing similarities with neonatal functional networks.
3296h agoThe activation of the 5-HT2A receptor by psychedelic drugs promotes neuroplasticity through a reciprocal interaction with the mGlu5 receptor and the scaffolding protein Shank3.
3296h agoA Pax6 interneuron subclass is missing in mouse brains, but a similar subclass is found in other mammals, revealing primate-specific differences in brain cell types.
3296h agoHuman brain organization in children shares a common structure, but also shows individual differences, with core functional networks being similar but varying in association regions, and individual differences increasing with development.
3296h agoShared genetic architecture exists between schizophrenia, brain structure, insulin resistance, and inflammation at specific genetic loci.
3296h agoPoor comprehenders have weaker white matter integrity in brain areas related to reading and cognition, which may underlie their reading comprehension weaknesses despite having typical word reading skills and intelligence.
3296h agoDown syndrome causes impaired learning, memory, and language due to circuit-specific dysfunctional inhibition in the brain, specifically excessive inhibition in the dentate gyrus caused by increased dosage of certain genes.
3296h agoDifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells do not form complete synapses, and their use as a model for synaptic studies is limited.
3296h agoKCNQ2 loss-of-function disrupts human neuronal maturation through dynamic changes in function, gene expression, and structure, causing a spectrum of neonatal epilepsies.
3296h agoPremature birth disrupts cerebellar development, leading to motor and socio-cognitive impairments, and distinct mechanisms are triggered by different types of early-life insults.
3296h agoDopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens plays a key role in how the brain learns from rewards, and changes in this signaling cause related changes in blood flow in many brain areas.
3296h agoATRX-mediated chromatin remodeling in astrocytes is essential for maintaining hippocampal transcriptional homeostasis, neuronal function, and long-term memory.
3296h agoThe brain reorganizes connections between areas involved in memory and imagination depending on the task demands, with different tasks activating different leaders in the network.
3296h agoInteractions between the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex interneurons are essential for spatial working memory, and repeated stimulation of these interactions leads to class-specific changes in interneuron activity that can impair working memory.
3296h agoThe brain processes sound onsets and offsets differently, with distinct electrical responses in the brain, and the offset response is generally weaker than the onset response.
3296h agoBrain asymmetry follows distinct spatial patterns, with early leftward asymmetry in association cortices and late rightward asymmetry in sensory regions across the lifespan.
3296h agoBiostasis practitioners agree that synaptic connectivity is a reliable indicator of preservation quality, but face technical barriers such as inadequate preservation, geographic and procedural limitations, and disagree on revival strategies.
3304h agoThe Adaptive Blink-Correction and De-Drifting (ABCD) algorithm detects and eliminates faulty EEG channels, improving Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) performance by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and boosting classification accuracy to 93.81%.
3304h agoA new framework called HuiduRep extracts features from extracellular spike waveforms that are robust to noise and drift, enabling accurate spike sorting without supervision.
3304h agoHigh-density EEG recordings and a frequency-phase-space fusion encoding method enable brain-computer interfaces to achieve high information transfer rates of up to 472.7 bits per minute.
3304h agoArtificial intelligence research can improve predictions and human-AI interactions by incorporating insights on how decisions emerge over time and using related process data.
3304h agoTemporal correlations between neurons can enhance the transmission of stimulus information to a readout neuron, despite decreasing the information encoded in the input spike trains.
3304h agoTwo integrable systems are constructed on the loop algebra of the symplectic Lie algebra $\mathfrak{sp}(6)$, along with their Hamiltonian structures.
3304h agoAdaptive link sizes in neural networks lead to changes in synchronization patterns, including chimera and bump states, which vary with the average coupling strength and time scales of the network.
3304h agoDarboux's porism on folding quadrilaterals and Bottema's zigzag porism are put in the context of Arnold-Liouville integrability.
3304h agoMedium and heavy-duty commercial vehicles' electrification requires substantial upgrades to distribution infrastructure to prevent voltage violations on the distribution system.
3304h agoNeural networks effectively solve nonlinear partial differential equations, construct accurate bifurcation diagrams, and analyze linear stability, outperforming the finite difference method in tests on the Bratu and Burgers equations.
3304h agoThe wavefront shape that maximizes the light power passing through an aperture is obtained as an exact solution of a nonlinear integral equation.
3304h agoLocalized states in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation disperse if the nonlinear strength drops below a threshold, and are unstable in a noisy environment.
3304h agoDistinctness of physical systems is a finite resource that can be exactly counted to define basic physical quantities and limits to space and time resolution.
3304h agoThe q-characters of simple finite-dimensional modules over quantum affine algebras have an extremal monomial property, which is equivalent to the polynomiality of certain X-series.
3304h agoMany glass-formers exhibit a universal scaling of their characteristic relaxation time with only two material-specific parameters.
3304h agoA graph-based deep learning framework accurately predicts the magnetic properties of quasi-one-dimensional Ising spin systems from their lattice geometry.
3304h agoMachine learning models identify and analyze physical phenomena in microscopic images of honeycomb lattice spin-ice samples, automating the calculation of net magnetic moments and directional orientations.
3304h agoMany-body localization regime is not robust in two-dimensional disordered systems, as shown by experiments on a 70-qubit superconducting quantum simulator.
3304h agoCyclic quantum walks on graphs generate exotic topological phenomena, including gapped and gapless phases, protected edge states, and flat bands, which can be used for fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
3304h agoNeural quantum states with neural networks are not suitable for simulating strongly driven quantum dynamics because they can experience numerical breakdowns with certain time integration methods.
3304h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems can be distributed over a wide interval and exhibit nontrivial structure, reflecting the distribution of onsite disorder rather than non-ergodicity.
3304h agoCollective effects in a waveguide-QED system slow down the self-discharging time of a quantum battery, improving its storage time, especially when artificial atoms are arranged randomly or in a specific lattice pattern.
3304h agoTemporal correlations between neurons can enhance the transmission of stimulus information to a readout neuron, despite decreasing the information encoded in the input spike trains.
3304h agoMotor errors impair working memory performance by disrupting the maintenance of relevant information, and people may adapt by storing information in multiple states to reduce interference.
3304h agoLarge language models based on the transformer architecture do not represent sentence meaning in a human-like way, and they poorly capture aspects of sentence meaning beyond individual word meaning.
3304h agoOligodendrocytes can internalize myelin, which increases their proliferation and differentiation, and promotes their maturation and myelination.
3304h agoThe same neural circuit trains to predictively cancel a tutor's song and assesses performance quality, guiding self-directed learning of complex behaviors through purely local learning.
3308h agoA new dynamic stimulus called Zebra noise and a wavelet-based analysis model efficiently map multiple aspects of the visual preferences of thousands of neurons in the mouse visual cortex.
3308h agoGoal uncertainty reduces implicit sensorimotor adaptation, which is the automatic correction of movement errors through feedback and practice.
3308h agoListeners' brains adapt to speech variability by increasing uncertainty in perceiving individual phonemes and avoiding commitment to specific word candidates when hearing multiple unfamiliar talkers.
3308h agoNeural representations of speech features are jointly influenced by top-down predictions and bottom-up signal quality, with signal quality affecting neural tracking of speech modulations differently for predicted and unpredicted words.
3308h agoMuscle vibration affects perceived limb position and velocity by changing the signals from sensory receptors, and people integrate velocity signals to determine their position during movement.
3308h agoHuntington's disease model in non-human primates shows reduced structural connectivity between basal ganglia and cortex, and altered causal functional interactions, similar to those found in people with the disease.
3308h agoAutoMorphoTrack, an open-source Python package, automates detection, classification, tracking, and colocalization analysis of mitochondria and lysosomes in live-cell imaging data.
3308h agoPLX5622 promotes anesthetic emergence by enhancing anesthetic metabolism through inducing the expression of hepatic enzymes, not by changing neuronal activity or eliminating microglia.
3308h agoThe parasympathetic nervous system helps prepare the body for action and promotes stress resilience during threat by modulating interactions between the spine and brain.
3308h agoIschemic stroke triggers a widespread response of reactive astrocytes and microglia, with astrocytes reacting more rapidly and extensively than microglia, and this response is largely independent of microglia.
3308h agoGlutathione-coated nanoparticles stimulate neuron regeneration by forming complexes with netrin-G1 ligands and producing insulin-like growth factor-1, which successfully regenerates neurons in Alzheimer's disease and spinal cord-injured mice.
3312h agoDisordered gamblers have impaired goal-directed control and reinforcement learning, which is linked to changes in several brain parameters, but they still show intact neural responses to task transitions, rewards, and behavioral adjustments.
3312h agoIndirect neurogenesis massively amplifies and diversifies the cortical output channels across the brain, while direct neurogenesis produces limited projections mainly to the forebrain and midbrain.
3312h agoThe priority of intended actions dynamically reshapes their neural format, with neural coding changing to shield against interference and adapt to different demands over time.
3312h agoBAG family proteins are involved in common pathways linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and may function together in these neurodegenerative disorders.
3316h agoPhosphorylation at residue S421 of the huntingtin protein influences Huntington's disease biology, and a new ultrasensitive immunoassay can detect this phosphorylation in various biological contexts.
3316h agoCytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 in skeletal muscle leads to muscle dysfunction, motor neuron loss, and neurodegeneration, which can be improved by suppressing TDP-43 in skeletal muscle.
3316h agoParkinson's disease-associated cognitive dysfunction is linked to changes in gene expression in the hippocampus that vary by sex and age.
3316h agoA specific group of neurons in the brain helps limit alcohol intake by sending inhibitory signals to other brain regions, which could lead to new ways to reduce binge drinking.
3320h agoNoradrenergic activation of the basolateral amygdala helps form distinct memories of similar events that happen close together in time through a process in the hippocampus regulated by miR-134.
3320h agoInformative spatial cues produce a higher and narrower bump of activity in the Drosophila head direction system and can remap other cues to create a self-consistent map.
3320h agoCheaper, lower-fidelity experiments can be incorporated into a closed-loop search for molecules and materials with desired properties.
3320h agoMulti-fidelity Bayesian optimization methods help with molecular and material discovery tasks by using cheaper and informative low-fidelity sources.
3320h agoAn artificial neural network-based strategy learns committor-consistent transition pathways, providing insight into rare events in biomolecular systems.
3320h agoThe birthdates of neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex determine where they project to, with neurons projecting to lateral areas born on embryonic day 15.5 and those projecting to medial areas born on a different schedule.
3324h agoHigher D2/D3 receptor availability in certain brain regions is linked to better memory performance in healthy older adults, while availability in other regions is associated with poorer memory performance.
3324h agoIntermuscular coupling between the tongue and palate shows different patterns for swallowing, mastication, and speech production, with more critical oscillatory regulation for swallowing than for mastication.
3324h agoDrug resistance in temporal lobe epilepsy patients is associated with lower limbic network integration and more severe depression symptoms.
3324h agoDR6 is dispensable for regulating axon degeneration and glial nerve injury responses during Wallerian degeneration.
3324h agoNon-planning impulsivity in late adolescence and early adulthood predicts procrastination in later adulthood, and this association is partly explained by shared genetic variants affecting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
3324h agoPsychedelics enhance associative learning in animals across different paradigms, with possible mechanisms including increased prediction error sensitivity, serotonin receptor agonism, and structural plasticity.
3324h agoMesial temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by neuronal loss and abnormal growth of mossy fibers in the hippocampus, which form new excitatory circuits that may contribute to recurrent seizures.
3324h agoThe development and evolution of the neocortical organisation is influenced by mechanical morphogenesis, in addition to genetics and experience, with brain folding and neuroanatomical patterns changing continuously with brain volume and correlating with behavioural similarity across primate species.
3324h agoTRPC6 channels regulate dopamine neuron activity, consummatory behavior, and reward valuation in a state-dependent manner, specifically in hungry mice.
3324h agoCognitive-emotional stress triggers similar physiological responses in individuals with and without social anxiety.
3328h agoInterpretable features combined with self-supervised speech model representations predict brain responses to speech more accurately than either one alone.
3328h agoInformation from human brain electroencephalogram data can differentiate between Go and NoGo trials, with a few specific channels consistently showing the difference for each individual.
3328h agoSpiking neural networks can control downstream systems using sparse neural activity, and a new method allows for task-specific spiking control with scalable and mathematically derivable network connectivity.
3328h agoA new theory proposes that depression's neural mechanisms involve a combination of dopamine-related pathophysiology, abnormal reinforcement learning, and a distributional code for representing value in the brain.
3328h agoA novel neural network mechanism that combines Transformer attentional operations with the neuroscience theory of binding by synchrony improves accuracy and noise robustness by synchronizing the activity of neurons encoding related features.
3328h agoThe Hodge decomposition breaks down changing brain networks into three key components that contain biologically interpretable features.
3328h agoThe well-posedness of selected generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies is reviewed based on published, prepublished, and unpublished results.
3328h agoNonlinear excitations with competing nonlinearities support intrinsic localized modes that exhibit spatial localization over a few lattice sites, and these modes exhibit specific bifurcation patterns as the governing parameters vary.
3328h agoThe transition from milling to schooling in fish groups is driven by a noisy transcritical bifurcation where the two collective states intersect and exchange stability.
3328h agoA model of two interacting components of light in an optical fiber exhibits spontaneous symmetry breaking of continuous-wave states when the nonlinear repulsion between the components is strong enough.
3328h agoPhase separation affects reaction kinetics in chemical oscillators by localizing reactants, allowing for control of oscillator frequency and amplitude.
3328h agoMachine learning techniques can learn a surrogate dynamical system that accurately evolves a turbulent Lagrangian trajectory over short and long times.
3328h agoPolygonal dynamics, a family of dynamical systems, exhibits collapsing phenomena where generic orbits collapse towards a predictable point.
3328h agoThe amplitude of an external fast signal can control limit cycle behavior and the onset of subharmonic oscillation in a van der Pol-Duffing oscillator.
3328h agoUnidirectional coupling between layers in a multiplex network can induce extreme events in an uncoupled layer, while bidirectional coupling tends to mitigate extreme events in a globally coupled layer.
3328h agoThis catalog presents examples of multistable dynamical systems from various fields of knowledge, along with computer code to reproduce their basins of attraction.
3328h agoHigher connection density in adaptive networks leads to both local clustering and global synchrony, while lower density networks tend to fragment into desynchronized clusters.
3328h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, specifically one class of 3rd-order equations and a 5th-order equation.
3328h agoCertain spatiotemporal patterns in reversible reaction-diffusion equations undergo snaking bifurcations, where many branches of patterned states coexist and connect at towers of saddle-node bifurcations.
3328h agoEdge states in topological insulators can self-accelerate along the boundary without scattering or diffracting, and nonlinearity affects their envelopes, allowing them to circumvent sharp corners and exhibit self-healing properties.
3328h agoGlassy dynamics are characterized by a vanishing gap between oscillatory and decaying modes in the Koopman spectrum, which serves as a model-agnostic signature for detecting and analyzing such dynamics.
3328h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all levels or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
3328h agoThe conservation of a charge operator supported by three neighboring sites guarantees the existence of all higher order conserved charges and hence the integrability of a quantum spin chain.
3328h agoScientists can identify the initial conditions that lead to rare events in chaotic systems by finding an effective map that reproduces the statistics of these events.
3328h agoThe dynamics of amorphous indium oxide films in the liquid helium temperature range are thermally activated, slowing down under cooling and accelerating upon heating.
3328h agoThe distributions of local observable values in disordered quantum many-body systems mirror the distribution of the onsite disorder, which can sometimes falsely suggest non-ergodicity.
3328h agoDynamical Mean-Field Theory (DMFT) provides a framework for analyzing systems with many interacting parts by reducing their complex dynamics to a simpler, single-part process.
3328h agoDopants in magnetic spin lattices are localized at nonzero temperatures in the Ising limit, but delocalize according to a power-law behavior when spin-exchange processes are present.
3328h agoMaterial networks can accelerate the discovery of binary and ternary amorphous alloys by revealing hidden material candidates and guiding new alloy design.
3328h agoRandom corrugations on a Fabry-Perot laser diode cavity wall affect the statistical properties of its spectral features.
3328h agoGlassy dynamics are characterized by a vanishing gap between oscillatory and decaying modes in the Koopman spectrum, which serves as a model-agnostic signature for detecting and analyzing such dynamics.
3328h agoStealthy interactions can create disordered glasses with novel physical properties, including ultradense packings with maximal packing fractions, that are similar to hyperuniform sphere packings.
3328h agoA quantum phase transition occurs in a single-electron system under nonadiabatic conditions, changing from non-Markovian to Markovian behavior over time.
3328h agoRidge regression's in- and out-of-sample risks have sharp asymptotics when data points have arbitrary correlations, and a modified estimator called CorrGCV provides an unbiased prediction of out-of-sample risk.
3328h agoA new methodology creates machine learning interatomic potentials that accurately model properties of metallic glasses, enabling robust model training across diverse states.
3328h agoA new non-invasive test can distinguish between different types of hearing loss by measuring brain responses to individual stimuli, helping to identify people who may benefit from treatments aimed at boosting strial function.
3328h agoSlower recognition memory speed is associated with changes in white matter structure, particularly in certain brain pathways, and this link is strongest in middle adulthood.
3332h agoVisual working memory has stronger connections to shared brain structures at rest, but auditory working memory shows more changes in brain connections during a task, which relates to better performance.
3332h agoAstrocytes communicate with each other through gap junctions to form networks that connect specific brain regions, and these networks are essential for proper central nervous system development and function.
3336h agoAstrocytes use IP3R2-mediated calcium signaling to regulate the maturation of glutamatergic synapses and the development of excitatory circuits, which are essential for visually driven behaviors.
3336h agoThe thalamus develops from two major glutamatergic lineages, sensory and motor/associative, which arise from separate progenitors and are governed by different gene regulatory programs.
3336h agoGut cells regulate feeding behaviors by detecting food quantity and quality, and send signals to the brain through nerve cells, with distension and aversive cues being dynamically encoded in developing circuits.
3336h agoEarly sensory deprivation causes large-scale reconfiguration of cortical networks, with the impact of visual experience and prenatal retinal waves on network establishment differing between mouse strains.
3336h agoRetinal ganglion cells adjust the speed of transmitting neural signals to keep visual perception precisely timed.
3340h agoThe sleep-onset period shows dynamic and non-monotonous changes with high variability, and a new model suggests that rapid switches between wake and sleep states are driven by internal control signals and noise.
3340h agoHigh-resolution fMRI scans of the spinal cord reveal two distinct response components to heat pain in the dorsal horn, which map to different layers.
3340h agoMisfolded alpha-synuclein causes brain atrophy that spreads in a network-like pattern, and this effect is generalizable across different genetic backgrounds and types of misfolded protein, but depends on the initial site of brain damage.
3340h agoThe cerebral cortex influences the development of complex vocal behaviors in mice, with mice lacking this brain region producing altered vocalizations that indicate distress and have lower informational complexity.
3340h agoAstrocytes in the cerebellum have diverse molecular properties and developmental origins, and are controlled by a hierarchical system of gene regulators that guide their development into distinct types and subtypes.
3340h agoInterneurons in the hippocampus sharpen memory-encoding activity by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of pyramidal neuron sensory representations during working memory in mice.
3344h agoA specific brain connection pattern, called the Alzheimer's-resilient connectome, differentiates older adults with exceptional memory from those with Alzheimer's disease and predicts slower cognitive decline.
3344h agoChildren with dyslexia do not properly distinguish regular words from pseudowords in their brains, unlike typical readers who show a distinct brain response to regular words over the left hemisphere.
3344h agoInstructions explain similar amounts of walking speed variance in young and older adults, but age differences in walking speed depend on the type of instruction given.
3344h agoCorticothalamic layer 6 modulates information flow between cortical and thalamic circuits by bidirectionally controlling firing rates in both the cortex and thalamus.
3348h agoThe middle orbital gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus represent recent attempts at achieving a hidden goal during exploration in a virtual environment.
3348h agoAuditory streaming is organized in the brain through neural populations with delayed cross-inhibition, and perceptual boundaries depend on threshold selection and bifurcations such as symmetry breaking.
3352h agoDisorder, rather than efficiency, plays a dominant role in the evolution of natural languages, with changes driven by disordered interactions between syntax parameters.
3352h agoHuman gaze patterns follow a baseline behaviour that is comparable across different contexts, and can be described by a context-agnostic eye movement model.
3352h agoExcitatory parvalbumin neurons in the Ento-MVL circuit of pigeons modulate responses to visual stimuli and enable rapid processing of motion-related information.
3352h agoNeuronal networks alternate between high and low activity regimes due to a universal bifurcation structure that emerges from the interplay between external input and synaptic connectivity.
3352h agoBrain rhythms play a central role in understanding human cognition, and their mechanisms, including phase-related dynamics and frequency interactions, underlie various cognitive domains such as perception, attention, and memory.
3352h agoFinal-state uncertainty is common in systems of coupled neuronal maps, making it nearly impossible to predict whether they will be chaotic or nonchaotic.
3352h agoDeep temporal computations can be mimicked by autoregressive models by structuring context access during iterative inference, allowing for fewer computations while maintaining predictive capacity.
3352h agoNetwork neuroscience studies use simplified assumptions about neural models and network structures, but adding more neurophysiological detail and complex network structures may improve understanding of brain function.
3352h agoInsomnia characteristics are linked to specific brain network changes, which can be identified using EEG data and a graph convolutional neural network model with 70% accuracy.
3352h agoThe affective content of dreams is associated with both their semantic content and structure, with positively valenced dreams having coherent and linear narratives and negatively valenced dreams having more narrative loops.
3352h agoA pure Multi-Layer Perceptron-based method, BrainNetMLP, achieves state-of-the-art performance in functional brain network classification by capturing spatial connectivity and spectral information.
3352h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations for a wide range of semantic concepts using well-characterized images.
3352h agoSynchronization in a chain of nonlinear oscillators is linked to increased energy transfer, and phase alignment among consecutive oscillators facilitates the energy cascade.
3352h agoVortex singularities in wave fields are a generic consequence of destructive interference, persist under small perturbations, and have applications in various fields.
3352h agoHamiltonian dynamics with triplet interactions between point particles exhibit chaotic motion, but also have special solutions, including equilateral and isosceles triangles, that can lie on invariant tori.
3352h agoThe theory for phase reduction analysis shows that traveling breathers in reaction-diffusion systems have spatial and temporal phases that are mutually coupled.
3352h agoThe Novikov equations have an explicit Hamiltonian form and can be solved by separating variables on a hyperelliptic curve of genus 2.
3352h agoThe Yajima-Oikawa equation models the propagation of ion sound waves, and its exact soliton solutions and long-time asymptotics are determined through a Riemann-Hilbert approach.
3352h agoA symmetric finite difference method solves the three-dimensional Bratu equation more accurately than previous methods and produces bifurcation diagrams for up to five dimensions.
3352h agoPhysics-informed neural networks provide an accurate and efficient way to solve nonlinear lattice problems, including approximating solutions, constructing bifurcation diagrams, and analyzing linear stability.
3352h agoSufficient conditions guarantee that an integrable system on a manifold with a symmetry group descends to an integrable system on a dense open subset of the quotient Poisson space.
3352h agoA stochastic perturbation of the Camassa-Holm equation conserves energy and generates solutions that spread around the deterministic solution, unlike a Casimir-conserving approach that produces peakons which may propagate away from the deterministic solution.
3352h agoNetwork connectivity and confidence bounds jointly determine collective behavior in opinion dynamics, with increased connectivity sometimes suppressing consensus and full unanimity being unattainable at low connectivity.
3352h agoThe researchers developed a coarse-grained model using the Martini method to investigate the long-time behavior of foldamers that behave like Euler archs and Duffing oscillators.
3352h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress changes with temperature, with fracture stress, strain, and Young modulus decreasing almost linearly as temperature increases.
3352h agoThe interactive installation "Echoes of the Land" uses a spring-block model to turn seismic dynamics into a real-time sound and light experience that visualizes earthquake physics and complex behavior.
3352h agoThe quantization of the moduli space of multiplicative Higgs bundles is linked to five-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories, where Q-operators and q-opers are constructed and analyzed through a codimension-two defect.
3352h agoThe scalar one-point functions in the SO(6) sector of the D5-D3 probe-brane set-up can be calculated by mapping them to the overlap between matrix product states and Bethe states.
3352h agoMeasuring turbulent flows at mesoscales improves predictions of large and small-scale variables, especially when measurements are taken at high frequencies and cover at least two adjacent mesoscales.
3352h agoFinal-state uncertainty is common in systems of coupled neuronal maps, making it nearly impossible to predict whether they will be chaotic or nonchaotic.
3352h agoThe localisation of patterns in reaction-diffusion systems with slow spatial heterogeneity can be predicted by conditions for Turing-type linear instability and nonlinear analysis.
3352h agoThe conservative complex Swift-Hohenberg equation has largely unexplored solutions that differ significantly from its dissipative counterpart, with uniform solutions being inherently unstable and periodic solutions generally unstable except in a narrow parameter interval.
3352h agoAnalytical formulae for Koopman modes are found for classical continuous automorphisms of the torus, and the spectrum of the Koopman operator is studied for four cases of these maps.
3352h agoThe motion of a material point in a constant magnetic field on a sphere is completely integrable for any number of dimensions, with Lax representation and first integrals of degree one and two.
3352h agoThe nonlinear factorization method can be used to obtain isochronous waveform solutions of homogeneous Li\'enard equations by assuming an intermediate function that depends on both variables of the nonlinear equation.
3352h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all k or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
3352h agoIn type-II superconductors, the density of superconductive electrons reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, when the Cooper pairs are tightly bound at zero temperature.
3352h agoA Siamese Neural Network accurately predicts percolation thresholds and critical exponents in three-dimensional systems using fewer labeled samples than traditional approaches.
3352h agoNonreciprocity in lattices gives rise to unusual wave phenomena, including anisotropic hybrid modes that exhibit skin localization in one direction and Anderson localization in another.
3352h agoVortex singularities in wave fields are a generic consequence of destructive interference, persist under small perturbations, and have applications in various fields.
3352h agoNi doping in TiCoSb samples enhances the power factor by 269% and causes a local structural transition at a specific composition.
3352h agoThe pinning transition in a fluctuating interface model may or may not coincide for different measures of the partition function, depending on the disorder distribution.
3352h agoNew algorithms estimate the partition function of spin glasses to high accuracy in quasipolynomial time for nearly all inverse temperatures in the second moment regime.
3352h agoA two-stage approach using representation learning accurately annotates and controls protein function from sequence data, even with limited labeled data.
3352h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
3352h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a wide range of materials, as experimental results confirm that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency.
3352h agoIn strongly disordered, interacting, quantum chains, transport is anomalous because the conductance of a chain of length L vanishes faster than 1/L.
3352h agoGrokking arises naturally in a simple binary logistic classification task when the parameters of the problem are close to a critical point.
3352h agoThe dynamic space filling process stops when a single particle occupies every vertex, with the average halting time scaling with the number of vertices as $N^{4/d}$ when $d\leq4$ and as $N$ when $d>4$.
3352h agoThe arrow of time in quantum many-body systems emerges because Hamiltonian evolution scrambles quantum information and increases entanglement.
3352h agoPurkinje cells make different types of connections with other brain cells, mainly targeting other Purkinje cells, and use these connections to regulate their own activity through negative feedback.
3360h agoDementia with Lewy bodies shows reduced functional connectivity in key brain networks as it progresses, relating to core clinical symptoms, in a distinct pattern from Alzheimer's disease.
3360h agoAutobiographical memory supports empathy by allowing individuals to use their own experiences to understand others, but this works best when the individual's experience matches that of the person they are trying to understand.
3360h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder have normal motivation for social and monetary rewards, suggesting that sensitivity to non-alcohol related cues is not impaired in this disorder.
3364h agoThe brain's neural responses track sensory variability independently of the mean, with different regions showing distinct relationships to uncertainty, and these responses are linked to individual differences in confidence in decision-making.
3364h agoTreadmill exercise preserves retinal function and photoreceptor density, and decreases inflammation and cell death in a light-induced retinal degeneration model.
3364h agoAge-related hearing loss alters the physiology and morphology of fusiform cells in the cochlear nucleus, with changes including elevated firing rates and remodeling of the basal dendritic tree.
3364h agoMicroglia can be specifically genetically manipulated in rats using a new transgenic rat model, allowing researchers to study their function in the brain and complex behaviors.
3364h agoBlocking sodium, calcium, and glutamatergic channels does not prevent spreading depolarization, suggesting that additional mechanisms beyond these channels contribute to its induction.
3364h agoMany neurons in the visual cortex use a dual-feature encoding strategy, where they are selectively tuned to two distinct visual features, one that enhances and one that suppresses activity.
3364h agoA novel psychophysical model called the Wishart Process Psychophysical Model (WPPM) characterizes how humans perceive and discriminate colors in a three-dimensional color space.
3364h agoMisfolded synuclein fibrils enter healthy neurons through a complex of mGluR4 and Npdc1 proteins on the cell surface, leading to neurodegeneration.
3364h agoA deep learning framework estimates that current cochlear implant technology has limited ability to restore normal hearing, with simulated results matching the best human users.
3364h agoNociceptors express NKG2D ligands exclusively after injury, which interact with Natural Killer cells and may aid the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in chronic pain conditions.
3364h agoIndividuals with multiple sclerosis tend to overreport their levels of exertion and have less accurate effort assessment due to increased variability in physical exertion.
3364h agoThe brain uses different and shared networks to encode and recognize patterns in auditory and visual information, with distinct mechanisms for each sense and a shared network for recognition.
3364h agoThe cerebral cortex of humans and chimpanzees have different folding patterns in the superior temporal sulcus, with chimpanzees having relatively deeper grooves and humans having relatively larger surface areas.
3364h agoStarvation suppresses thermonociceptive behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans by changing the activity patterns of sensory neurons and switching the effects of certain neuropeptide signals.
3364h agoHuntington's disease protein, mutant huntingtin, can be measured in blood through extracellular vesicles, offering a potential less-invasive biomarker for the disease.
3364h agoPermeability and magnetization transfer substantially influence diffusion-weighted MRI measurements, causing underestimation of cylinder diameter and density and bias in microstructural parameter estimates.
3368h agoDeviations in white matter development during adolescence are linked to concurrent cognition problems and psychopathology, and predict psychiatric disorders and cognitive performance later in life.
3372h agoSubjective probability distortion underlies the cognitive process of anxiety, apathy, and depression, and including cognitive biases in modeling can extract hidden aspects of behavior linked to disorders.
3372h agoState-Space Models provide a framework that connects single-neuron dynamics to cognitive phenomena, unifying the emergence of complex brain activities such as time cells, ramping activity, and oscillations.
3376h agoThe brain's visual perception follows a common pathway across people and artificial networks, transforming sensory information into internal representations through two distinct streams: one for scene structure and one for social and biological content.
3376h agoA mathematical representation of syntactic objects can be constructed in a function space, allowing for a faithful representation of syntax that is compatible with a magma structure and can be implemented through neural circuits.
3376h agoThe stability gap in continual learning, which is a drop in performance on mastered tasks when new ones are added, is caused by an imbalance between rapid adaptation and robust retention, and can be reduced by an adaptive mechanism called uncertainty-modulated gain dynamics.
3376h agoThe analysis of small networks of slow-fast Morris-Lecar neurons shows that varying coupling strength drives different dynamics, including chaos, quasi-periodicity, synchronized bursting, and decay oscillations.
3376h agoThe quadratic-cubic discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation produces localized states, known as quantum droplets and bubbles, that emerge from two fronts connecting bistable equilibria near a Maxwell point.
3376h agoSolitons in nonlinear Schr\"odinger lattices have two permissible symmetry-related configurations: onsite solitons centered at lattice sites and intersite solitons positioned between adjacent sites.
3376h agoThe Hofstadter butterfly fractal illustrates the energy spectrum of electrons in a two-dimensional crystal lattice influenced by a magnetic field with a pattern of integers that serve as quanta of Hall conductivity.
3376h agoNonlinearity management changes the miscibility-immiscibility transition in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate by upshifting the critical strength of inter-component repulsion and restricting miscibility when the system periodically crosses the transition point.
3376h agoThe fractal structure of socioeconomic networks gives rise to inequalities in societies worldwide.
3376h agoSome magnetic monopole solutions have a new internal degree of freedom that controls their energy density profile while keeping their total energy constant.
3376h agoThe integrable spin chain formulation of Jordanian deformations of the $AdS_5\times S^5$ superstring reveals a unique supergravity deformation with constant dilaton and shows that the ground state is non-trivially deformed, while higher-spin excited states remain unclear.
3376h agoThe isostable coordinate framework helps identify slow manifolds in dynamical systems with fixed point attractors by focusing on the slowest decaying principal Koopman eigenmodes.
3376h agoScientists derive algorithms to optimize quantities like entropy and Kullback-Liebler-divergence in Markov matrices, allowing them to identify external forcings that provoke the largest response in a system.
3376h agoTranslating ecological data into a network framework helps measure system stability and evolution by capturing directional behaviour through observable quantities such as network entropy, species diversity, and the clustering coefficient.
3376h agoFour types of discrete Lagrangian 2-forms are associated with integrable quad equations, and they relate to the quad equations, tetrahedron equations, and octahedron equations in different ways.
3376h agoAlternative Lagrangian multiforms produce Euler-Lagrange equations equivalent to the ABS equations and including integer-valued fields in action sums fixes issues with existence and closure properties.
3376h agoA new method trains dynamical systems governed by Lagrangian mechanics by gently nudging trajectories toward targets and measuring responses to update parameters.
3376h agoThe study examines nonholonomic systems of rolling balls and finds that these systems possess an invariant measure, with certain cases being integrable according to the Euler-Jacobi theorem.
3376h agoA many-body discrete-time dynamical system exhibits a non-ergodic behavior with a multi-periodic response and a multi-fractal distribution of equilibrium spectral weights at all rational frequencies.
3376h agoThe competition between superconductivity and the overscreened Kondo effect leads to a rich phase structure, where different phases emerge depending on the strength of the Kondo coupling and interaction strengths.
3376h agoThe nonlinear Li\'enard equation can be derived from a more general equation and mapped to a harmonic oscillator, and it exhibits a bi-Hamiltonian character with two distinct types of Hamiltonians that allow for bound states.
3376h agoThis paper develops a theory of hyperelliptic functions and obtains explicit formulas for hyperelliptic solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations, solving the long-standing problem of describing how these solutions depend on the coefficients of a hyperelliptic curve.
3376h agoFluctuations in a two-lane model of hardcore particles are described by a system of stochastic Burgers equations at large space and time scales, with coupling-dependent scaling functions and dynamical scaling exponents.
3376h agoA two-temperature model with separate thermostats in the x and y directions shows chaos and a nonlinear increase in entropy production as the thermostat anisotropy grows.
3376h agoSocial media engagement on a specific topic can spill over into offline protest activities if the transmission rate between online and offline domains falls within a critical range.
3376h agoThe athermal quasistatic method is extended to finite temperatures by describing atoms as temperature-dependent Gaussian packets, allowing study of the effect of temperature on inelasticity and fracture in disordered materials.
3376h agoA general framework classifies fermionic dynamical systems with measurements using symmetry and topology, leading to a novel dynamical bulk-boundary correspondence and the realization of topological dynamical phases using Gaussian adaptive circuits.
3376h agoRhenium films evaporated onto room-temperature substrates are amorphous and superconducting with a critical temperature over 7 K and a high critical current density of 5000 A/mm^2.
3376h agoA hybrid protocol combining classical neural networks with quantum many-body systems enables robust image classification by leveraging the strengths of both to maximize separability in data.
3376h agoMachine learning approach characterises the environment affecting open quantum system dynamics by classifying and estimating key parameters of the spectral density function.
3376h agoCalculations show that light can induce spatiotemporal parametric instabilities in certain materials, paving the way for designer time-crystalline order in quantum materials.
3376h agoDeep thermalisation of mixed states happens when maximum-entropy ensembles are created by tracing out auxiliary degrees of freedom from an augmented system, depending on the initial state's entropy.
3376h agoThermal cycling changes the excitation energy of most two-level systems in amorphous solids, and a new model with pseudo-gapped two-level systems explains this phenomenon better than the standard tunneling model.
3376h agoNeuronal diversity in the brain changes the dynamic behavior of brain activity by altering the dynamic exponent from two to one in dimensions higher than two.
3376h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson, and Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses and a new phase of matter.
3376h agoBarcoded Rabies In Situ Connectomics (BRISC) maps synaptic connections in the mouse brain by using rabies viruses to transmit barcodes between connected cells, allowing the reconstruction of neural circuits at a large scale.
3376h agoRepeated activation of pain-sensing neurons increases the likelihood and intensity of pain responses in fruit fly larvae through a feedback loop involving the neuromodulator octopamine.
3380h agoTrisomy 21 impairs the activity and development of cortical circuitry by reducing glutamatergic synaptic connectivity and disrupting intrinsic membrane properties, leading to weakened neural network activity.
3384h agoSynaptic activation triggers a change in the translation machinery, shifting it towards the postsynaptic compartment and altering the proximity of RNA granule proteins to specific postsynaptic reporters.
3384h agoEarly-life adversity increases excitatory synapses in the paraventricular nucleus, leading to increased threat response in males, by inhibiting the microglial phagocytic receptor MerTK.
3384h agoStalled gamma-secretase enzyme-substrate complexes can trigger synaptic loss and neurodegeneration without producing amyloid beta peptides.
3384h agoExposure to ethyl butyrate during a critical period in the Drosophila olfactory system leads to long-term changes in odor sensitivity in specific olfactory sensory neurons, called Or42a OSNs.
3384h agoSOX2 phosphorylation and the PRKDC-dependent non-homologous end joining pathway are essential for reprogramming resident glial cells into neurons in the adult mammalian central nervous system.
3396h agoA simple mathematical formulation of basic neuroscience principles leads to a simulated neuromorphic system that can learn language semantics, syntax, and word order, and even generate novel sentences.
3396h agoCues that predict punishment change decision making, with chronic substance use altering this effect differently in males and females.
3396h agoCLCN4 genetic variations cause reduced excitatory neuron numbers and cell death by disrupting autophagic flux and endo-lysosomal dynamics, and MEG3 expression can rescue these defects.
3396h agoNRXN1 deletions impair synaptic function and plasticity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), but affect cortical synaptic function and plasticity in distinct ways in ASD and SCZ.
3400h agoAnaesthetic interventions reconfigure the emergent dynamical structure of the human brain in a drug-specific way, affecting the organisation and emergence of neural processes that underlie conscious experience.
3400h agoBrain activity becomes more individual when listening to speech with background noise, but shared brain processes occur when speech is hard to understand, and listeners still process meaningful units of speech even with some background noise.
3400h agoThe primate brain's hierarchical structure uses feedback connections to amplify neural responses and facilitate communication between different brain areas.
3400h agoLearning involves a dynamic interplay of activity across cortical layers, with layer 5 activity globally suppressed and layer 2/3 activity enhanced in specific areas as mice learn a whisker-based task.
3420h agoThe brain uses a specific code to evaluate its own working memory, combining memory strength and other cues to guide decisions about recalling information.
3420h agoOlder adults tend to prefer larger delayed rewards over smaller immediate ones more than younger adults, which may lead to missed opportunities for resources necessary for quality of life.
3420h agoLoss of the Autism-risk gene Shank3 alters the recruitment of neurons encoding socioemotional behavior in a cell type and spatially dependent manner, impairing activity patterns in superficial parts of the prefrontal cortex.
3424h agoThe choice of brain segmentation software tool leads to differences in estimated metabolite concentrations of up to 9% in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) research.
3424h agoIncreased expression of the Scn1a gene in mice with Dravet syndrome using a novel CRISPR-Cas-inspired RNA targeting system reduces seizures, sudden death, and improves survival.
3424h agoMutations in the SPAST gene lead to microtubule deacetylation and neurodegeneration in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia type 4 through aberrant activation of histone deacetylase 6, which can be treated with pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6.
3424h agoResolving pronoun meaning involves interaction across brain networks that activate a unique sensorimotor fingerprint for each individual, which is associated with experiences stored in memory.
3424h agoDeficits in BDNF/TrkB signalling and trafficking contribute to neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome, with enlarged early endosomes and impaired axonal transport of TrkB.
3424h agoA competition model between saccadic and fixation networks explains the distribution of eye fixation durations, suggesting that competition between neural networks facilitates decision-making for action and perception.
3428h agoMitochondria modulate calcium responses in astrocytes in a context-dependent manner, reducing calcium oscillations and signal propagation with weak glutamatergic input, and enhancing calcium responses with strong glutamatergic input and dopamine.
3428h agoOptically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) exhibit widespread reliability in capturing neural dynamics, particularly in lower frequency bands, and show robust correspondence with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings.
3428h agoThe study finds that changes in RNA processing, particularly involving the hnRNP network in glial cells, contribute to the pathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 positive inclusions (FTLD-TDP).
3428h agoChildren with developmental language disorder have impaired speech processing, which includes decreased sensitivity to rhythm and stress patterns, and show elevated EEG power in all bands, but not impaired low-frequency decoding of speech signals.
3428h agoTargeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase1 Alpha (ERO1A) offers therapeutic potential for ER stress-related conditions. Two compounds, S88 and geniposide, inhibit ERO1A and reduce ER stress markers in human neurons.
3428h agoAir-liquid interface cerebral organoids can now be studied with a new bioelectronic platform called NeuroSuite, which allows for long-term, non-invasive tracking of electrical activity.
3432h agoThe somato-cognitive-action-network (SCAN) plays a role in motor/action planning and its network members overlap and couple transiently with other networks.
3432h agoFormic acid treatment reduces the seeding activity of synuclein aggregates in fixed brain samples, lowering the risk of accidental exposure in laboratories.
3432h agoAirway inflammation disrupts fear extinction in mice by activating a circuit between the subfornical organ and the infralimbic cortex through the immune molecule IL-17A.
3432h agoPupil dilation is a useful marker for investigating attention and cognitive effort in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, as it reflects responses to salient or demanding events and may help assess changes in cognitive function.
3432h agoUncertainty in graded beliefs is linked to brain activation in areas including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex.
3432h agoAn optimized gradient scheme for magnetic resonance spectroscopy reduces out-of-voxel artifacts by improving the suppression of unwanted coherence transfer pathways, particularly in brain regions prone to these artifacts.
3432h agoThe link between covert visual attention and small eye movements called microsaccades depends on the stage of attentional deployment, with microsaccade biases more pronounced during the initial stage of shifting attention.
3432h agoThe DANDI Archive uses an AI-powered chat assistant and notebook generator to help researchers easily access and analyze open neurophysiology data, making it simpler to reuse and discover new insights from the data.
3432h agoUncrowding emerges after 160ms and is boosted when good-Gestalt flankers are presented briefly before the target, facilitating dynamic grouping and segmentation mechanisms in visual perception.
3432h agoA fibro-cellular intermediate leptomeningeal layer is present in the human central nervous system along the entire neural axis, dividing the subarachnoid space into two compartments.
3432h agoPeople with social anxiety disorder have a hard time distinguishing between safe and threatening social cues, and their brains tend to overgeneralize and react more to similar non-threatening stimuli.
3432h agoA conditioned stimulus that predicts a neutral event produces heightened alpha amplitude and reduced visual cortical responses, suggesting engagement of working memory, anticipation, or imagery processes.
3432h agoThe brain's blood flow changes are closely linked to an animal's speed, direction, and location during navigation, and these changes follow a specific pattern across different brain regions.
3432h agoBright light exposure in the morning improves emotional state, cognitive performance, and brain activity in adolescents, with benefits seen in both well-rested and sleep-deprived individuals.
3432h agoMyeliMetric, a new toolbox, helps assess myelin integrity and axonal conduction velocity by analyzing the g-ratio from electron microscopy images, enabling accurate and reproducible detection of deviations in g-ratio distributions.
3432h agoThe piriform cortex encodes and processes temporal features of odor stimuli, and its neural network can discriminate between different odor frequencies.
3432h agoVisual performance is better along the horizontal meridian than the vertical meridian, but there is no robust difference in performance between the lower and upper visual fields, whether at fixation or during saccades.
3432h agoDendrites in cortical and hippocampal neurons contain nanoscale constrictions that partition the dendrite into distinct electrical compartments, shaping dendritic integration of synaptic potentials.
3432h agoDifferent methods for measuring brain activity connections produce similar results in predicting behavior, and the choice of method does not greatly impact the findings of brain-wide association studies.
3436h agoThe cricket's brain undergoes reorganization after injury through molecular changes involving over 10,000 previously unknown genes related to G-protein signaling, hormone metabolism, and nerve development.
3440h agoMicroRNAs, specifically miR-7-5p, miR-106b, miR-424-5p, and miR-15a, serve as molecular links between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease by regulating genes involved in both conditions.
3440h agoThe Slit/Dreadlocks/Roundabout/p21-activated kinase (Pak) signaling axis determines the left-right polarity of the asymmetrical body in the Drosophila brain through cell chirality established by Pak and ecdysone signaling.
3440h agoThe brain detects unexpected events by generating predictions about the external world and encoding positive and negative prediction errors through separate subgroups of neurons.
3444h agoPeople integrate information about possible outcomes to balance approaching positive and avoiding negative outcomes, and their decision-making is influenced by the uncertainty of these outcomes and the conflict between motivational drives.
3444h agoRepeating neural modules in AI architectures leads to robustness, adaptability, and generalization, similar to the human brain's structure, and may offer solutions to challenges in modern AI such as energy efficiency and scalability.
3448h agoSelf-Organising Maps (SOMs) with a modified oscillating Topological Neighbourhood (TN) offer a more realistic model of brain function, while producing similar results to standard SOMs in modelling aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
3448h agoA post-hoc interpretability framework reveals emotion-specific neural activation patterns in EEG signals, showing how a dual-branch neural network makes predictions about emotions based on brain activity.
3448h agoMinimizing mutual information between neural subgroups induces functional differentiation in recurrent neural networks, leading to high task performance, clear functional modularity, and moderate structural modularity.
3448h agoSecond-person neuroscience shows that social cognition is embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where agents' affective states emerge from inference over identity-relevant surprise and are computed from self-model prediction error.
3448h agoA novel problem class related to dynamics on large-scale networks can be formulated and efficiently solved using a coupled workflow between the Grover and Deutsch-Jozsa quantum algorithms.
3448h agoMicrobiome dynamics in living hosts depend on both the frequency and strength of interactions between hosts, and a new modeling framework with two separate parameters is needed to accurately capture these dynamics.
3448h agoThe attractiveness-driven interaction model shows that individual attractiveness leads to more compact groups, a power-law group size distribution, and suppression of a percolation transition, in contrast to a null model where agents move continuously.
3448h agoCavity polaritons exhibit quantum collective behavior, and their spin relaxation processes can be described by a new mathematical formalism that explains their dynamics in magnetic fields and excitation dispersions.
3448h agoMinimizing mutual information between neural subgroups induces functional differentiation in recurrent neural networks, leading to high task performance, clear functional modularity, and moderate structural modularity.
3448h agoAn unsupervised neural network detects quantum chaos directly from the Hamiltonian matrix, without needing eigenvalues or eigenvectors, by identifying a transition from integrable to chaotic spectral statistics.
3448h agoA new method equalizes the amplitudes of oscillators in a hyperspin machine, allowing it to reliably simulate complex spin models and minimize a spin Hamiltonian with improved performance.
3448h agoScientists construct quantum-integrable spin chains with q-deformed long-range interactions by "freezing" integrable quantum many-body systems with spins, resulting in chains like the Heisenberg, Inozemtsev, and Haldane-Shastry chains.
3448h agoSocial media engagement on a topic can spill over into offline protest activities when the transmission rate between online and offline domains falls within a critical range.
3448h agoThe Mackey-Glass equation exhibits stochastic resonance in the weak nonlinearity region and chaotic stochastic resonance with multiple positive Lyapunov exponents in the strong nonlinearity region.
3448h agoEntanglement between magnons and photons is maximized near the border between stable node and stable spiral regions, and is not defined in the saddle point region.
3448h agoNew models help control the spread of epidemics by showing how different strategies can change how people interact and affect the progression of an epidemic.
3448h agoA proposed generative model of evolving hypergraphs reproduces key features of empirical hypergraphs and can be used to predict hypergraph links with competitive accuracy.
3448h agoA method inspired by the growth dynamics of a protist identifies graphs that connect different nodes within a space with either the shortest or nearly shortest length.
3448h agoReservoir Computing can accurately predict rogue wave dynamics from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a challenging Hamiltonian system, by learning from breather simulations.
3448h agoA two-temperature particle model with separate thermostats in the x and y directions shows chaos and a nonlinear increase in entropy production as the thermostat anisotropy grows.
3448h agoIsing circuits generalize 1-NN classifiers with a special structure and their design can be aided by a diagrammatic device that helps eliminate local minima in the energy landscape through linear programming.
3448h agoA disordered network of bistable bonds subjected to periodic strain exhibits a continuous transition from a limit cycle with correlated instabilities at small strain amplitudes to erratic motion with localized instabilities at large amplitudes.
3448h agoThe topology of superconducting flux-qubit networks influences their magnetic response, with cross-shaped arrays showing a greater magnetic flux response than linear arrays due to cooperative coupling among qubits.
3448h agoA family of models with local interactions on finite-connectivity graphs exhibits spin glass order at finite temperature, with a low-temperature Gibbs state that decomposes into disjoint components associated with local minima of the energy landscape.
3448h agoMultiple topological Anderson insulators emerge in a 1D spin-orbit coupled chain driven by Fibonacci modulation, transforming a trivial band structure into a cascade of topologically nontrivial phases.
3448h agoThe non-affine lattice dynamics approach efficiently estimates the viscosity of liquids, including near the glass transition, by showing that all vibration modes contribute to the viscosity.
3448h agoShear bands in amorphous solids coincide with a chain of topological defects that pre-exist and are activated into a flow band with the disappearance of nearby dipoles.
3448h agoLong-term taste dysfunction after COVID-19 mainly affects certain taste qualities that rely on a specific protein, and is not caused by structural damage to the taste buds.
3448h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role in cognitive control, reward processing, and conflict monitoring, and its dysfunction is linked to several neuropsychiatric disorders.
3452h agoA decrease in the mitochondrial enzyme GLDC leads to a remodeling of brain energy systems, characterized by changes in mitochondrial function and metabolism, in a rare neurological disease called non-ketotic hyperglycinemia.
3452h agoA high-resolution developmental transcriptional atlas of the Drosophila melanogaster nerve cord reveals that birth time determines the molecular identity of neurons, with a global temporal code based on birth order linking specification to differentiation.
3452h agoThe pathway from posterior amygdala cells to the ventrolateral part of ventromedial hypothalamus cells plays a critical role in the rise and fall of maternal aggression.
3452h agoVisual or audiovisual neurostimulation protects against stress-induced changes in behavior, brain cells, and neural connections in a sex- and frequency-specific manner.
3456h agoPhysical fatigue builds up based on how much time people think they have been exercising, not the actual time, and this effect is linked to brain activity in the frontal area.
3456h agoNeuroligin-3 interactions with Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan4 on glioma and healthy cells facilitate glioma growth and maintain healthy cells in an undifferentiated state.
3456h agoThe neuromuscular junction's ability to regenerate is largely preserved in the early stages of ALS, and stimulating the CXCR4 receptor can improve motor function, nerve survival, and breathing performance.
3456h agoNeural sensory systems adapt rapidly to changing environments through a gain-adaptive mechanism that optimizes coding efficiency, resulting in quickly adaptive tuning curves that reconcile contradictory phenomena of adapter repulsion and prior attraction.
3456h agoChronic pain is linked to a specific neural trait that prioritizes punishment learning, which may underlie susceptibility to the condition.
3456h agoCorticostriatal and thalamostriatal inputs drive motor behavior by sending complementary signals to the striatum through shared and cell-type-specific pathways.
3456h agoAdolescents outperform children and adults in learning by using Pavlovian response biases, while children have better memory for stimuli associated with positive outcomes.
3456h agoFrontal midline theta activity supports mismatch detection and explains individual working memory performance when comparing sensory input to internal predictions.
3456h agoFlow is marked by lower global entropy, higher dynamical agility, and decreased dynamical complexity in the brain, distinguishing it from boredom and frustration.
3456h agoMice show large but low-dimensional differences in behavioral traits, with some exhibiting anticipatory responses and others showing slower behavior, and these differences are linked to variations in cortical activity dynamics.
3460h agoC-low threshold mechanoreceptors play a key role in pain modulation and recovery by regulating tissue-specific transcriptional programs that suppress inflammation and support sensory homeostasis.
3460h agoMotor imagery recruits a neural representation of fingers similar to that of motor execution in the primary motor area of the hand.
3460h agoMotor learning activates specific types of neurons and glial cells in the motor cortex and dorsal striatum, leading to coordinated changes in their gene expression that shape the encoding and retrieval of motor memory.
3460h agoThe brain's response to injury from intraventricular hemorrhage differs by developmental stage, with brains at a later stage (postnatal day 5) showing a stronger immune and inflammatory response than brains at an earlier stage (postnatal day 2).
3460h agoThe FlyWire Drosophila brain connectome has been improved with new synapses, called Princeton synapses, which show better accuracy in detecting connections between neurons, especially in challenging areas.
3460h agoBMAL1 is expressed at low or absent levels in microglia, and epigenetic mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, likely regulate its expression in these cells.
3460h agoSemaglutide works by activating AgRP neurons to induce weight loss and lower blood sugar levels in female mice on a standard diet, but its effects on AgRP neurons change when the mice are on a high-fat diet.
3460h agoReal neurons have a higher computational complexity than simple linear units used in artificial neural networks, and their dendritic structures allow them to learn certain Boolean functions that simple units cannot.
3460h agoA new technique allows for high-resolution source reconstruction of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals using cortical global basis functions, enabling the processing of models with millions of surface elements.
3468h agoThe brain's functional networks change based on amplitude dynamics, with sensorimotor networks active during high-amplitude states, associative systems during intermediate amplitudes, and limbic systems during low-amplitude states.
3468h agoBaseline-Integrated Norms that incorporate baseline brain thickness and age predict brain region thickness at follow-up better than standard Cross-Sectional Norms based on age alone.
3468h agoHIV's viral protein R disrupts lysosomal function in neurons, leading to impaired degradation, through a pathway involving casein kinase 1 delta and the adaptor protein SNAPIN.
3468h agoA new framework integrates electroencephalogram (EEG) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data to create a digital twin brain model that tracks rapid neural dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution.
3472h agoThe brain spontaneously creates detailed internal maps of its surroundings, even when a person is passively viewing their environment, and this can be decoded using non-invasive brain-computer interfaces based on EEG.
3472h agoMost EEG foundation models adopt a sequence-based modeling scheme that relies on transformer-based backbones and the reconstruction of masked sequences for self-supervision.
3472h agoLarge Language Models show high consistency with humans in understanding language at the level of graph topological structure, offering insights into effective human-AI co-learning strategies.
3472h agoNeurons' sparse and highly variable firing patterns arise from individual neurons' threshold-like nonlinearity and supralinear activation, allowing for sparse and synchronous population activity.
3472h agoA mathematical framework for studying flickering inputs in visual processing tasks reveals that neural field dynamics converge to a periodic state when driven by periodic inputs.
3472h agoHomogeneous Differentiators effectively denoise measurements and faithfully reconstruct attractors of nonlinear systems, producing improved quality and resolution of reconstructed attractors with reduced computational time.
3472h agoThe System0/1/2/3 framework extends dual-process theory with a quad-process model that includes pre-cognitive embodied processes, fast intuitive thinking, slow deliberative thinking, and collective intelligence to unify cognition across multiple timescales.
3472h agoNeural networks can achieve radical generalization with the right input format and carry function when learning base addition, and their learnability is closely correlated with the structure of the carry function.
3472h agoDarboux transformations can be used to derive noncommutative versions of integrable partial difference equations, including a noncommutative nonlinear Schrödinger equation and its integrable discretisations.
3472h agoMass-Conserving Evolution (MaCE) is a method that can be added to existing Cellular Automata (CA) to make them conserve mass, producing more interesting behaviors.
3472h agoThe collective behavior of some animal species, such as honeybees, exhibits a critical phase transition, where bee activity in the hive shows long-range correlations and characteristics of a jamming process.
3472h agoA new method stabilizes the imaginary-time evolution scheme for the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation, preserving norm without disrupting the algorithm.
3472h agoTurbulence in the auroral ionosphere stems from field-aligned electrical currents and is governed by the flux of precipitating particles, not from local instabilities.
3472h agoConformable derivatives can model critical phenomena near continuous phase transitions, exhibiting power-law behavior in thermodynamic observables and capturing asymmetric scaling behavior around the critical temperature.
3472h agoA massive star cluster called R136 ejects a binary star, Mel34, through a strong interaction involving five stars, including a triple star system, resulting in the star being thrown out of the cluster 52,000 years ago.
3472h agoThreshold sensing helps Physarum polycephalum find optimal paths to connect food sources and solve mazes.
3472h agoRogue waves on the sea surface and nonlinear bending waves in a thin elastic plate share similarities in energy exchange through four-wave interactions.
3472h agoTopological modes of variability provide a new understanding of how complex systems change over time, linking mathematical concepts to real-world behavior.
3472h agoBroad-area semiconductor lasers spontaneously create phase-locked groups of transverse modes through nonlinear dynamics, resulting in a partially synchronized state with both synchronized and unsynchronized laser modes coexisting.
3472h agoSize-controlled clustering of self-propelled particles is achieved through a geometric design rule based on the particles' curvity, which controls pair cohesion, flocking stability, and self-limiting clustering.
3472h agoDissipative solitons and low-noise frequency combs are generated in a silicon-nitride microresonator-based nondegenerate OPO system, producing soliton combs at a far-detuned frequency band with a locked repetition rate.
3472h agoDisorder and random measurements in spin chains give rise to new phases and phase transitions, with a new class of strongly disordered fixed points emerging due to non-unitarity.
3472h agoMobility rings emerge in a spin-1/2 non-reciprocal Aubry-Andr\'{e} chain with SU(2) non-Abelian artificial gauge fields, separating localized and extended eigenstates in the complex energy plane.
3472h agoGlauber dynamics outperforms traditional approaches in solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems by using stochastic fluctuations to find better solutions.
3472h agoTensor networks with holographic disorder preserve site-averaged correlations and entanglement of a critical phase, even at large system sizes, and their entanglement entropy follows the expected scaling of a conformal field theory.
3472h agoExcess iron and amyloid beta combine to drive neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease, with iron promoting amyloid beta fibrillization and amyloid beta selectively accumulating in and killing neurons.
3472h agoRepetition suppression of nociceptive laser stimuli is mainly driven by bottom-up adaptation processes, not by top-down factors such as expectations.
3476h agoThe brain uses local error signals and a form of error backpropagation algorithm to learn from mismatches between expected and actual stimuli.
3476h agoThe redundant signal effect, where humans respond faster to multisensory signals than to their individual parts, is best explained by the relay model, which extends the traditional race model by incorporating cross-modal initiation and sequential race processes.
3476h agoBlood in the cerebrospinal fluid after a haemorrhagic stroke causes tissue damage and leads to fibrosis of cortical blood vessels, which can result in post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus and increased morbidity.
3476h agoBrain-inspired sound segregation algorithm improves automatic speech recognition accuracy by up to 54% in noisy, multi-talker environments.
3476h agoThe superior colliculus directly supports visually-driven orienting movements, with its visual response strength being the strongest predictor of variability in eye movement timing, more so than the primary visual cortex.
3476h agoThe dataset provides neural responses and self-report measures that can be used to explore individual differences in visual touch perception, including emotional empathy and perspective-taking.
3476h agoThe Kalman filter's application in brain-machine interfaces has six critical limitations, including ignoring neural population activity and misestimating noise, which can be resolved by separating the decoder from the Kalman filter.
3476h agoA new method called Macaca-Star enables the integration of different imaging datasets of macaque brains by providing fully automated alignment of images to a standard space.
3476h agoConvNeXt-Base model accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease from structural MRI scans with 98.37% accuracy and an AUC of 0.992, outperforming existing models.
3476h agoThe microenvironmental features of neurons, derived from a large-scale electron microscopy dataset, improve spatial coherence and reveal associations with brain functions such as intercellular communication, long-range projections, and specific behaviors.
3476h agoVoluntary attention can be directed by various factors, and studies have found that people's brain activity differs after they choose what to focus on, but not before, when it comes to choosing a color to attend to.
3476h agoPrions cause synapse damage by creating a toxic form of themselves on the surface of neurons, not by using an existing toxic form that binds to the neuron surface.
3476h agoFramed representational similarity analysis (RSA) introduces a new technique that evaluates model-predicted representations by incorporating both the geometry of neural activity patterns and population-mean preferences, improving accuracy for brain-region identification and model comparisons.
3476h agoHDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the β-catenin–TCF interaction.
3480h agoA new class of brighter and more photostable dyes selectively labels astrocytes, enabling researchers to visualize and identify subpopulations of astrocytes in rodent and zebrafish model systems.
3480h agoThe visual system estimates the location of a collection of points by partitioning them into clusters and then computing a weighted average of the cluster locations.
3480h agoOptimizing plasticity and sparsity helps artificial neural networks develop a brain-like hierarchical organization with faster plasticity and sparser activity in higher layers.
3480h agoA multivariate computational approach reveals that paradoxical heat sensation, a thermosensory illusion where skin cooling feels like warmth, is often an uncertain experience, and people perceive it differently, with age affecting the likelihood but not the nature of the perception.
3480h agoKIASORT, a new automated spike sorting method, integrates knowledge from channel-specific classifiers to accurately sort neural signals from large-scale recordings.
3480h agoChanges in gene expression in the retina and choroid are associated with progression from intermediate to late-stage age-related macular degeneration, with immune response genes and specific cell types being potential targets for therapy.
3480h agoTightly clustered neuronal sites within the insular cortex have distinct roles in memory encoding, with some tracking emotional valence and others predicting memory, and stimulation of memory-related sites sparks strong hippocampal responses.
3484h agoOligomeric tau is present in synapses of people with progressive supranuclear palsy, and tau pathology may spread through the brain via synapses.
3484h agoAge, amyloid-β status, presence of an APOE ε4 allele, and female sex are key contributors to tau PET positivity.
3484h agoThe human brain synchronizes visual signals by adjusting axonal conduction speed in the retina, revealing a new mechanism for precise perceptual timing.
3484h agoWhite matter coactivation patterns in the brain support rapid naming in auditory and visual domains through distinct mechanisms.
3484h agoHeart rate fluctuations influence the reconfiguration of functional brain networks, with greater network integration linked to elevated heart rate and segregation linked to lower heart rate.
3484h agoChronic pain leads people to make decisions based more on recent experiences and less on overall value, which may contribute to the persistence of maladaptive behaviors.
3492h agoThe brain's vascular network is sustained by a specific organization of blood vessels, predicted by the co-expression of Cldn5 and Acta2 genes.
3492h agoAlzheimer's disease rats show a loss of motivated and flexible behavior during learning and testing, and abnormal brain activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, compared to healthy rats.
3492h agoSynaptic connections on cortical pyramidal neurons are biased toward basal dendrites in most layers, with most excitatory drive placed near the cell body, and are shaped by both neuronal geometry and axon-level targeting preferences.
3492h agoA new model estimates E/I balance from non-invasive brain recordings, allowing for the simulation of changes in balance and their impact on brain activity, which may lead to new ways to develop personalized interventions.
3492h agoStimulating astrocytes in the substantia nigra with optogenetics reduces motor deficits and dopamine neuron loss in a Parkinson's disease model.
3492h agoThe disruption of the photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelium interface causes photoreceptor outer segment loss in CLN3 disease, and recombinant human acid ceramidase can rescue this disease phenotype by targeting altered sphingolipid metabolism and retina degeneration.
3492h agoNeuroscience, artificial general intelligence, and neuromorphic computing are converging into a unified research paradigm that combines human and machine intelligences to create next-generation AGI systems.
3496h agoA functionalist approach to emotion uses a mathematical framework to explore how emotional valence in biological systems aligns with a utility function based on biologically plausible traits.
3496h agoNeural networks can achieve radical generalization in learning functions, such as base addition, when they use the right input format and carry function, with learning speed closely tied to the structure of the carry function.
3496h agoLangevinFlow, a new model, captures the dynamics of neural populations by combining intrinsic network activity and external influences using the underdamped Langevin equation and physical priors.
3496h agoSummary statistics of neural activity can help predict performance and inform understanding of learning in both biological and artificial neural networks.
3496h agoA possible path to scalable aligned artificial intelligence is to enable artificial agents to learn a good model of the world, including a good model of human preferences, through structure learning and representation of other agents' world models.
3496h agoA generalized Riemann-Hilbert-Birkhoff decomposition is proposed that expands the standard integrable hierarchy formalism to include higher integer powers of Lax matrix components and non-zero constant background solutions.
3496h agoA dissipative system in a photonics system creates robust causality, leading to spontaneous symmetry breaking, which can be used as a computational resource for solving combinatorial optimization problems.
3496h agoDispersive shock waves in the defocusing, discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation exhibit a sharp threshold in discretization, beyond which continuum dynamics from dam breaks are observed, and a multitude of wave patterns emerge, including unsteady shocks, traveling waves, and dark solitary waves.
3496h agoScientists extend a framework for understanding rare events in chaotic systems to higher dimensions, allowing them to find effective dynamics that reproduce the statistics of unlikely events.
3496h agoA time crystal, known as a Hawking time crystal, is observed in a quantum black-hole laser, characterized by periodic dependence of the out-of-time density-density correlation function.
3496h agoThe model of a two-temperature Nosé-Hoover wanderer particle confirms chaos and shows that entropy production grows nonlinearly with thermostat anisotropy, following a superquadratic power law.
3496h agoStructural perturbations cause a geometric breakdown in scale-invariant networks, triggering a structural phase transition and inducing non-trivial fractal dimensions.
3496h agoA new framework for quantifying causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems reveals that macro-states can exhibit stronger causal effects than micro-states.
3496h agoEntanglement, stabilizer entropy, and entanglement spectrum anti-flatness evolve differently over time in free-fermion theories and non-integrable models after a quantum quench in a spin chain.
3496h agoQuantum chaos in many-body systems with time reversal symmetry shows universal signatures that can be described by random matrix theory and emergent classical models, such as a ferromagnetic Ising model.
3496h agoNoise accumulation in social media propagation leads to increasing opinion distortion and the emergence of intra-layer synchronization.
3496h agoA unified framework for embedding and analyzing dynamical systems uses generalized projection operators to decompose network fluxes and potentials, allowing for the effective approximation of collective behavior in diverse domains.
3496h agoRing-like brittle structures under explosive loading fragment in different ways, transitioning from one-dimensional segmentation to two-dimensional planar fragmentation and complete shattering as strain rate and ring thickness change.
3496h agoTopological multicritical points in a one-dimensional chain have stable localized edge modes and are surrounded by nontrivial gapped and critical phases.
3496h agoInteracting particles in a one-dimensional disordered system undergo a localization transition that shifts to the non-interacting point with attractive interaction.
3496h agoA novel approach using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and ResNet-18 detects anomalies in IoT network traffic by effectively capturing temporal patterns and enhancing class separability.
3496h agoThe hidden fermion Pfaffian state accurately represents both unpaired and superconducting phases in strongly interacting fermions and captures s-wave and d-wave pairing.
3496h agoThe study of three variants of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model shows that they exhibit linear entanglement growth at early times and saturate to a universal value, but their growth rates differ due to varying degrees of chaos.
3496h agoDirac waves remain delocalized along a vector potential with fixed direction despite random temporal variations in its magnitude, but exhibit pronounced spatial localization and diffusive behavior when propagating at any off-axis angle.
3496h agoTemporal disorder in time-varying media suppresses wave propagation and induces localization, with statistical regimes of energy distribution depending on input symmetry and temporal dynamics.
3496h agoTopological edge states emerge in one-dimensional off-diagonal mosaic lattices with periodically modulated hopping amplitudes, exhibiting robust localization and nodal structures that depend on edge configurations and remain stable under off-diagonal disorder.
3496h agoThe study finds that statistical fluctuations in a model of two-dimensional free fermions exhibit a remarkable analogy to Anderson localization, with key observables showing universal fluctuations in the delocalized phase and multifractal statistics at the transition point.
3496h agoStructural perturbations cause a geometric breakdown in scale-invariant networks, triggering a structural phase transition and inducing non-trivial fractal dimensions.
3496h agoRepresenting coordinates as complex numbers enables solving distance-based optimization problems through optical fields using either the canonical transformation method or the gain-based bifurcation method.
3496h agoA generalized framework establishes a systematic scheme for studying phase transitions of long-range order in disordered systems, proving the persistence of long-range order at low temperatures and under weak disorder in dimensions $d \geq3$.
3496h agoCoupling a strongly disordered chain to another disordered chain with anti-symmetrically correlated disorder causes the system to undergo Anderson delocalization and reinstates the non-Hermitian skin effect.
3496h agoInteracting fermion systems subjected to a uniform electric field undergo an ergodicity-to-localization transition, with results showing localization at non-zero field in one dimension and less clear signatures of localization in two dimensions.
3496h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension yields an explicit linear integral equation that controls the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials using supersymmetry-based techniques.
3496h agoMonitoring neural network weight space while learning quantum statistics helps develop physical intuition about complex patterns, leading to more effective classical representations of wave functions.
3496h agoProjected time-dependent Variational Monte Carlo (p-tVMC) method provides a powerful framework for simulating the dynamics of large-scale two-dimensional quantum systems.
3496h agoIncubated craving for cocaine and sucrose is driven by activation of NMDA receptors and CaMKII signaling in the prelimbic cortex, and blocking both targets has an additive effect on reducing craving.
3496h agoA method using electroencephalography can decode brain activity patterns to predict when people are about to make errors due to lapses in sustained attention.
3496h agoAnticipatory EEG signals reflect attentional resource-allocation, not the emotional content of upcoming stimuli, and are linked to faster reaction times.
3496h agoThe novelty-seeking behavior of adolescent rats determines their initial sensitivity to cocaine and long-term behavioral responses to the drug.
3496h agoMrgD receptor plays a role in regulating neurotransmission and behavior in the central nervous system, particularly in motor and reward-related circuits.
3496h agoDeepDisco uses deep learning to rapidly predict brain connectivity maps from binary regions or lesions.
3496h agoSLDGABA neurons suppress wakefulness and promote non-REM sleep by projecting to wake-promoting brain regions, and their dysfunction contributes to narcolepsy symptoms.
3500h agoLearning and exploiting spatial predictive context can occur outside of attentional focus, but selective attention controls how spatial predictions influence behavior.
3500h agoThe Fusiform Face Area and Parahippocampal Place Area connect with different brain regions and have unique activity patterns that support their specialized roles in face and scene perception.
3500h agoAge and auditory memory are the main determinants of speech-in-noise ability, with central auditory processing playing a bigger role than peripheral hearing.
3500h agoIrrational decisions arise from the internal connectivity structure of orbitofrontal networks, which was shaped by biological constraints, and this structure also provides enhanced resilience to neural loss.
3500h agoConvolutional neural networks estimate surface albedo better than humans and use a different strategy, relying on global cues like shading and shadows, whereas humans use more local cues like local contrast.
3500h agoA modular software pipeline enables targeted imaging and analysis of dendrites using two-dimensional scanning on standard two-photon microscopes to map synaptic input organization and understand neuronal input-output function.
3500h agoMutations in the CHRNA5 gene lead to increased preference for nicotine and alcohol, impaired regulation of responses to drugs, and changes in appetite and daily rhythms.
3504h agoA new wearable device using Helium can measure brain activity during motor tasks with similar results to traditional MEG, allowing for less restricted brain studies.
3504h agoFishExplorer is an interactive platform that integrates and analyzes brain data from larval zebrafish, enabling researchers to visualize, explore and compare neuronal morphologies and synaptic connections.
3504h agoThalamic pulses evoke delayed theta oscillations, uncovering distinct pathways in the brain's functional architecture.
3508h agoFever triggers structural synaptic enhancement in the prefrontal cortex, which can lead to long-term improvements in brain function and even mitigate learning deficits and synaptic loss associated with aging.
3508h agoThe activation of 5-HT2C receptors produces different effects on anxiety-like behaviors in zebrafish, with agonist MK-212 increasing anxiety-like behaviors in light-dark tests and antagonist RS-102221 decreasing defensive behaviors in novel tank tests.
3508h agoIndividual differences in emotion regulation success are linked to systematic reconfiguration along a specific brain organization gradient that differentiates areas involved in sensory processing and higher-level cognitive functions.
3508h agoNeuronal networks process oscillatory inputs through complex interactions of biophysical properties and time scales that shape neuronal filters, leading to resonance, phasonance, and frequency-dependent communication between cells.
3508h agoA new framework that combines Oblique Random Forests with a permutation-based feature importance testing algorithm accurately classifies sex from neuroimaging data and provides clear insights into the neuroanatomical features that distinguish sexes.
3508h agoThe interaction between circadian and homeostatic drives governs sleep-wake transitions, and a new model captures key physiological phenomena, including sleep-wake rhythms, sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation.
3508h agoHuman neuronal models expressing 4R tau develop key features of frontotemporal dementia, including hyperphosphorylated tau and somatodendritic mis-localisation, and can be used to identify therapeutic modulators of pathological tau.
3508h agoGeneral anesthetics disrupt large-scale brain networks, causing them to become weak, fragmented, and more similar to their anatomical structure, leading to unconsciousness.
3508h agoThe suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) responds to light during the daytime, and Pde10a helps regulate this responsiveness to maintain daily oscillations.
3508h agoAdolescents are more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors, such as drug use, because they are naturally inclined to seek out new sensations and explore their environment.
3508h agoEthanol exposure impairs the strengthening of connections between hippocampus and nucleus accumbens neurons, and this impairment persists even after stopping ethanol consumption.
3512h agoMossy fiber connections to pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA3 region show a proximodistal gradient of input, with more numerous inputs to proximal cells, and form a feedforward inhibitory circuit with specific interneurons.
3512h agoGlycosylation defects disrupt neuronal development, cause an imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory brain activity, and lead to abnormal brain network function in a model of a rare genetic disorder.
3512h agoThe auditory cortex of deaf individuals contains information about higher-level processes such as task and sensory modality, similar to hearing individuals, suggesting that crossmodal plasticity relies on enhancement of existing representations rather than new ones.
3512h agoProximity to specific functional targets derived from individual scans does not improve outcomes in patients with depression treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
3512h agoPeople with a genetic mutation called R221W have abnormal brain structure, including reduced fibre density in motor tracts and altered cortical network efficiency, which may lead to their indifference to painful stimuli.
3512h agoMetabolic brain network reorganization occurs in Alzheimer's disease, with increased entropy, connection strength, and clustering coefficients, as a compensatory mechanism for pathological disruption.
3512h agotDCS over the left prefrontal cortex enhances physical performance by increasing neural efficiency of prefrontal networks, and baseline functional connectivity predicts individual responses to tDCS.
3512h agoNoise-induced hearing loss causes a temporary shift in the balance of inputs to auditory cortex neurons, with corticothalamic neurons becoming dominant before returning to normal, and this change is accompanied by distinct changes in the properties of these neurons.
3516h agoAdults with ADHD have disrupted high-frequency brain communication within and between key cognitive networks, marked by widespread low connectivity in the high-gamma band.
3516h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations for a wide set of semantic concepts using well-characterized stimuli.
3520h agoAutism spectrum disorder is characterized by lower network energy, driven by changes in brain connections and activity, which correlates with symptom severity and can be used to classify the disorder with 79% accuracy.
3520h agoNeuromodulation adjusts neuronal properties to preserve rhythmic patterns in neural networks across a wide range of periods by coordinating changes in key cellular mechanisms.
3520h agoThe brain can be fully understood through the behavior it generates. or BEAST, a new framework, helps analyze animal behavior from video data without needing extensive labeled data.
3520h agoA single-channel high-density EEG system can dissociate cognitive and stress-related activity, yielding multiple reliable biomarkers of cognitive and affective states during a brief auditory task-based protocol.
3520h agoGuided slow-paced breathing at a 5:5 rhythm reduces stress and improves emotional regulation by changing brain activity and lowering anxiety levels.
3520h agoPeople with strong visual imagery abilities have complex and naturalistic visual hallucinations during Ganzflicker, while those with weak imagery abilities have simple geometric patterns.
3520h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn to generalize infinitely to data far beyond the original training set, even with finite training experience, by developing an implicit representational merger effect.
3520h agoA vision transformer-based deep learning framework using multi-shell diffusion MRI data accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease and amyloid presence with a best balanced accuracy of 95.2% for distinguishing Alzheimer's disease dementia from cognitively normal individuals.
3520h agoThe distribution of intrinsic frequencies derived from dynamic mode decomposition characterises neural activities and can distinguish patients with dementia or Parkinson's disease from healthy subjects more accurately than amplitude spectra.
3520h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and activation functions.
3520h agoA novel model of brain function incorporates variable and asymmetric neural connections, allowing for pattern recognition, learning, and memory, and simulations support the model's ability to recognize, learn, and forget patterns.
3520h agoConsciousness emerges as a cycle of inference shaped by emotion and refined by cognition, which integrates experience over time through a latent self-model.
3520h agoEmotion and fairness play a key role in mediating socioeconomic decisions, with economic fairness being the dominant predictor of acceptance rates and neural markers having minimal effect on decision-making.
3520h agoSpontaneous brain activity helps maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs, which is necessary for optimal brain function and memory consolidation.
3520h agoAutistic young adults have more random and less stably connected neural dynamics compared to neurotypical peers, with differences in brain network organization and synchronization that are affected by eye state.
3520h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking and spontaneous antisymmetry breaking occur in a system described by the nonlinear Schroedinger equation on a one-dimensional ring with delta-functional potential barriers.
3520h agoEquitability is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of independent cluster synchronised solutions in networks of coupled dynamical units with multi-layer and higher-order interactions.
3520h agoScientists have constructed an integrable generalization of the modified Kadomtsev-Petiashvili equation in three spatial dimensions, which involves complex time and preserves Laplace's equation.
3520h agoTraffic flow exhibits a percolation phase transition and fluctuations that follow predictable statistical properties, which could lead to improved forecasting and management strategies.
3520h agoThe vibration patterns of a coin vibrating motor change in a complex nonlinear way with increasing voltage, showing amplitude modulations, frequency shifts, and stochastic deviations.
3520h agoLearning low-dimensional chaotic systems from noise-free data can be achieved with machine precision accuracy using a method that combines ordinary least squares regression with high-degree polynomial features.
3520h agoThe massive Thirring model has been adapted into semi- and fully discrete forms, with multi-bright soliton solutions constructed using Hirota's bilinear approach and the KP reduction method.
3520h agoThe symmetry of diversity distribution in networks of coupled excitable units plays a fundamental role in the emergence of global network oscillations.
3520h agoThe left-right Husimi representation of chaotic scattering systems remains invariant under closed classical dynamics in the semiclassical limit and factorizes into a classical multifractal structure and universal quantum fluctuations.
3520h agoThe HK dynamics attain quasi-synchronization in finite time in bounded high-dimensional space, but only in low-dimensional cases in unbounded space.
3520h agoA mechanism is introduced through which roton spectra can emerge in superfluids from the collective excitations of two counterflowing condensates with zero-range interactions.
3520h agoNeuromodulation adjusts neuronal properties to preserve rhythmic patterns in neural networks across a wide range of periods by coordinating changes in key cellular mechanisms.
3520h agoA quasi-phase-matched technique in quadratic nonlinear crystals generates an artificial gauge field that produces stable chiral solitons with energy flow rotating around them.
3520h agoAbrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
3520h agoRelativistic corrections are important for studying the stability of 2D non-topological solitons with quartic self-interaction, and their violation of conformal symmetry leads to exponentially growing modes.
3520h agoLinear Operator Causality Analysis (LOCA) provides a physics-based measure of causal interactions in fluid flows by leveraging the linearised governing equations.
3520h agoNonlocal coupling enables control of collective stochastic dynamics in coherence resonance by enhancing or suppressing the effect through adjusting the coupling radius.
3520h agoThe Kolmogorov-Zakharov stationary states for weak wave turbulence are expressed in terms of divergences of two-point expectation values using a non-perturbative relation.
3520h agoLaser illumination induces a long-range interaction that allows for stable self-trapping in Bose-Einstein condensates, creating tightly self-trapped modes with small-amplitude tails.
3520h agoSpontaneous brain activity helps maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs, which is necessary for optimal brain function and memory consolidation.
3520h agoReservoir Computing techniques can filter out noise and reconstruct unobserved nonlinear dynamics from limited sensor data, even in noisy regimes, by optimizing hyperparameters and truncating redundant nodes and edges.
3520h agoThe adaptive behavior of individual components in a living system changes their interactions, which in turn determines the emergence of system functions.
3520h agoA unified understanding of technology and biology can be achieved through evolvable design, which is formalized by a new approach called goal assembly that integrates hierarchical structure, non-uniform representation, and modularity.
3520h agoNon-stabilizerness thermalizes to its average value in generic quantum circuits where non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
3520h agoThe Korteweg-de Vries equation is solvable by quadrature under meromorphic initial conditions if the meromorphic potential is reflectionless and absolutely integrable on a certain interval.
3520h agoA new network reduction method accurately preserves epidemic spreading dynamics and information flow in complex networks by removing low-centrality nodes and regulating edge density.
3520h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model ground state free energy can be computed within a constant factor of the optimum using a simple practical algorithmic procedure called CLuP-SK.
3520h agoNon-Bloch band theory is extended to disordered systems with a new real-space Lyapunov formulation that links spectral density, localization, and Lyapunov exponents, and reveals the topological nature of the skin-Anderson transition.
3520h agoGlauber dynamics outperforms traditional methods for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems by using stochastic fluctuations to find better solutions.
3520h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and activation functions.
3520h agoPhotonic systems improve machine learning for graph-based data problems by efficiently embedding relational and topological information, leading to over 90% accuracy for certain classification tasks.
3520h agoA new formalism allows for direct manipulation and optimization of subspaces, and a method called Bridge improves the performance of variational dynamics by reducing errors from discretizing dynamics.
3520h agoLarge datasets used for machine learning predictions of electronic structure contain a high level of redundancy, and can be reduced by up to 100-fold without losing predictive accuracy.
3520h agoA chain of topological defects pre-exists and then forms a flow band in amorphous solids, leading to the creation of shear bands.
3520h agoA glass-forming system's analytical model reveals three possible equilibrium scenarios, with only one showing strong glass-forming ability, and identifies an upper temperature limit beyond which the glassy state cannot be achieved.
3520h agoSymmetries are restored in disordered quantum systems when averaging over many realizations, allowing for efficient numerical simulations using a symmetric dynamical map.
3520h agoMachine learning techniques help optimize carbon nitride materials by predicting properties, reducing trial-and-error experiments, and speeding up discovery processes.
3520h agoThe joint distribution of two consecutive eigenphase spacings and their ratio for Haar-distributed matrices follows a specific pattern with a finite-size correction of $\mathcal{O}(N^{-4})$.
3520h agoThe Edwards-Anderson model shows chaotic properties in its ground state, and new research introduces a percolation-type argument to study the fractal properties of its Fourier spectrum.
3520h agoNeural network quantum states accurately compute the ground state of lattice gauge theories and identify topological phases and confinement phase transitions in these theories.
3520h agoA method for visualizing multipartite entanglement in pure stabilizer states organizes many-body correlations in a hierarchical structure, allowing extraction of quantitative features such as entanglement depth and entropy.
3520h agoDownscaling devices can increase the intrinsic carrier mobility of amorphous semiconductors by reducing localized band tail states, allowing for a 12 times increase in electron mobility in hydrogenated amorphous silicon.
3520h agoThe properties of ancestral sequences, particularly their epistatic constraints, influence the initial evolutionary dynamics and the performance of standard ancestral sequence reconstruction algorithms.
3520h agoQuasiparticle density increases with microwave power, especially in smaller resonator volumes, and this effect limits the sensitivity of kinetic inductance detectors.
3520h agoNon-stabilizerness thermalizes to its average value in generic quantum circuits where non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
3520h agoPsychedelics alter olfactory behaviors, decreasing search accuracy, changing movement, and increasing sniff rate in mice.
3520h agoHuman spatial memory and mouse hippocampal CA1 have similar representational geometries during environmental deformations, but with a difference in resistance to change.
3520h agoThe brain constructs subjective time through a mechanism where the rate of temporal flow is influenced by the amount of information being processed, with different neural systems handling objective and subjective time.
3524h agoThe brain extracts meaning from imperfect input by integrating information across space and time through localized cortical networks, producing stable concept-level representations.
3524h agoThe N-terminal domain of AMPA-type glutamate receptors interacts with 70 proteins, including four members of the IgLON family, to regulate synaptic targeting and plasticity.
3528h agoA dense cluster of neurons called DIMPLE in the brain shows a binary pattern of activity that differs between males and females.
3532h agoNeural activity in the inferior colliculus of awake mice can be strongly suppressed during notched noise stimulation and enhanced immediately after, with effects depending on notch center frequency, stimulus level, and notch width.
3532h agoFrontal cortex inhibition decreases and brain-muscle connectivity increases with increasing movement speeds during passive movements, and these effects differ between continuous and discontinuous movement types.
3532h agoThalamic regions in the brain support two distinct learning systems for associative threat learning: one for automatic survival and one for more deliberate learning.
3532h agoSensory modality affects how movements are prepared and controlled, with different senses influencing distinct phases of movement preparation and execution.
3532h agoThe functional organization of the brain is closely linked to its connectivity, with a robust relationship between brain activity and connectivity across all regions and cognitive tasks.
3532h agoLaminar-specific long-range excitatory projections across neural mass parcels give rise to both cooperation and competition in brain networks via cross-frequency envelope coupling.
3532h agoThe degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the brain causes Alzheimer's-like symptoms, including reduced REM sleep and cognitive and emotional changes, due to the loss of acetylcholine.
3532h agoThe accumulation of isoDGR in the brain cortex causes breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, leading to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
3532h agoThe hippocampus and insula communicate when processing emotional memories, with specific sites in the insular cortex changing in a way that predicts later memory recall and responding to emotional content.
3536h agoMicroglia not associated with amyloid-beta plaques help control the growth of their population in response to amyloid deposition, and Csf1 signaling helps them transition to a state associated with the plaques.
3536h agoNeonatal gyrated brains have an elaborate subventricular zone called the Arc that supports cortical migratory streams of diverse interneurons.
3536h agoA new framework called SPINT enables brain-computer interfaces to decode behavior from neural activity across different recording sessions by dynamically adapting to changes in neural populations.
3544h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound offers a new way to safely stimulate the human brain with high spatial resolution, enabling breakthroughs in understanding conscious perception.
3544h agoDeep neural networks perform optimally when operating near a critical phase transition, poised between active and inactive dynamics, which improves their robustness and performance.
3544h agoAlzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia show different patterns of neural activity, with Alzheimer's disease being less coordinated and more random, and frontotemporal dementia being more coordinated.
3544h agoA novel biomarker derived from brain connectivity can predict the outcome of epilepsy surgery in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
3544h agoANNs models of the visual brain need rigorous testing and more low-level data to reproduce human behavior, and current models have varying degrees of success in mimicking human visual perception.
3544h agoNeuromodulators balance the stability and plasticity of learning systems by tuning the activity of layer-5 pyramidal neurons, which can switch between regular firing and bursting to control cortical activity.
3544h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
3544h agoNeural networks learn features by untangling task-relevant representational manifolds as they evolve throughout the learning process, revealing distinct learning stages and strategies.
3544h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
3544h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
3544h agoFaster switching of network links among system elements helps establish synchronized states in networked systems with sparse connectivity.
3544h agoFinite-dimensional systems describing invariant solutions of partial differential equations inherit local Hamiltonian operators through invariant reduction, which endows the reduced systems with Poisson bivectors that relate constants of motion to symmetries.
3544h agoA co-evolutionary model of social relationships and opinions reveals that bi-polarization is stable if the emergent game between conservative and liberal opinions has an internal Nash equilibrium.
3544h agoErgodic dynamics can be used to prepare quantum states with higher entanglement than generated by maximally scrambling circuits.
3544h agoThe Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, introduced in 1986, serves as a key model for understanding random growth, leading to numerous developments in mathematics and physics.
3544h agoThe dynamic scaling of the two-dimensional Ising model depends on the initial condition, with quenches from the ordered phase following Family-Vicsek scaling and quenches from the disordered phase showing anomalous roughening.
3544h agoPolarization switching in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers involves switching to a mode with lower unsaturated gain and the existence of elliptically polarized transition states.
3544h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
3544h agoStrong coupling leads to synchronization that results in Taylor's law with an exponent of 2 in coupled oscillator models.
3544h agoRecurrent neural networks estimate the optimal kernel vector from sparse observational time series, leading to nearly optimal estimations in state estimation of dynamical systems.
3544h agoInternal waves in a rotating two-layer fluid can evolve into bursts of large waves and shear currents from initial conditions with local defects in amplitude or periodicity.
3544h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
3544h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
3544h agoThe overdamped Josephson junction model has two new families of dynamical systems that can be described by Heun equations, and in one of these families, called dRSJ, phase-lock areas exist only for integer rotation number values but their constrictions break down.
3544h agoConsciousness in large language models emerges as a critical phenomenon when three control parameters - temperature, volume fraction, and stress - drive the systems toward a jamming surface where intelligence emerges.
3544h agoThe Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, introduced in 1986, serves as a key model for understanding random growth, leading to numerous developments in mathematics and physics.
3544h agoLithium thioborophosphate iodide glassy solid electrolytes have high room-temperature ionic conductivity due to the disruption of boron-sulfur chains by phosphorus-sulfur tetrahedra.
3544h agoA novel box-covering algorithm analyzes the fractal properties of complex networks by assigning nodes to boxes based on their nearest local hubs, reducing computational complexity and producing boxes of more similar sizes.
3544h agoMany-body localization in a 1D lattice with a slowly varying on-site potential has similar features to conventional many-body localization, and its transition shows universal scalings with a critical exponent of around 2.
3544h agoOntological Differentiation, a method measuring divergence between concepts, provides a new, definition-based metric of semantic similarity that is largely independent of existing metrics.
3544h agoA new model generates fractal complex networks that closely mirror real-world systems by combining features of reverse renormalization and evolving network models.
3544h agoDeep learning can recover topological Majorana zero modes in superconductor-semiconductor nanowires that are hidden by disorder.
3544h agoEpidemic outbreaks in complex networks follow two universal patterns of growth, a Gompertz-like curve in small-world networks and Avrami-type dynamics in fractal networks, which determine the spread of disease.
3544h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
3544h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
3544h agoSMN deficiency leads to downregulation of KIF5A, impairing axon regeneration, and a potential new therapeutic approach for motor neuron diseases is targeting KIF5A independently of SMN.
3552h agoTau expression in glial cells disrupts the normal induction of specific heat shock proteins in response to heat stress, with sexually dimorphic expression patterns.
3552h agoFruit flies use aggression to secure food, territory, and mates, and a new imaging system can track and quantify their social behaviors with high accuracy.
3552h agoImpairing autophagy in a key part of the fly brain triggers a brain-wide remodeling that increases sleep, extends lifespan, and regulates synaptic plasticity to preserve circuit function.
3552h agoALS-linked FUS and SOD1 mutations upregulate MCM2 protein in human spinal motor neurons, suggesting a possible role in ALS pathogenesis.
3564h agoPeople who stutter show different brain activity patterns than fluent controls, with greater activity in areas including the right frontal pole and left planum temporale, and lower activity in areas including the left superior frontal sulcus and right anterior temporal lobe.
3564h agoParkinson's disease dopamine neurons have impaired energy production, relying more on glycolysis than normal cells, and also exhibit abnormal protein handling, oxidative stress, and reduced viability.
3564h agoGenetic variations in dopamine availability affect how efficiently people learn to rank items in order and make decisions based on that ranking.
3564h agoAge-related declines in brain network strength are associated with changes in specific cell types, including deep-layer excitatory neurons, oligodendrocytes, and parvalbumin-enriched chandelier cells.
3568h agoA multiplicative coupling mechanism between recurrent and feedforward neural networks enables rapid learning, boosts memory capacity and model robustness, and improves generalization.
3568h agoChronic ethanol exposure causes a loss of inhibitory synapses on fast-spiking interneurons in the brain, which facilitates increased alcohol drinking.
3580h agoSelective fluorescent probes enable direct visualization of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) activity in brain tissues, revealing robust MAGL activity in astrocytes and presynaptic terminals.
3580h agoCRES, a cysteine protease inhibitor, is produced by brain cells and is part of the brain's extracellular matrix, where it can form amyloid structures that may contribute to its structure and function.
3580h agoBeta-band oscillations occur between the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and primary visual cortex (V1) and are suppressed by visual stimulation, spatial attention, and behavioral arousal.
3580h agoLoss of FMRP in microglia reduces the density of parvalbumin neurons through impaired lysosomal function, and progranulin insufficiency contributes to this loss, which can be rescued by progranulin overexpression.
3580h agoRetinal waves play a crucial role in shaping the initial network interactions that support orientation tuning of modular responses in the visual cortex before eye opening.
3580h agoGermline heterozygous TCF4 loss-of-function does not affect the astrocyte lineage at the cell population level in models of Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.
3580h agoNorepinephrine activation of radial astrocytes helps animals detect threatening stimuli by changing how the optic tectum processes visual information, making it more responsive to looming stimuli.
3580h agoSomatosensory realignment and motor adaptation likely stem from distinct mechanisms, with somatosensory realignment showing limited coherence with the properties of force field adaptation.
3584h agoDomain-general brain networks play a critical role in the emergence of verbal intelligence during adolescence.
3588h agoLayer6 corticothalamic neurons provide stronger synaptic input to the core-type ventral subdivision than to the matrix-type dorsal subdivision of the auditory thalamus in normal hearing mice.
3588h agoThe brain maintains working memory representations of novel patterns with graded values through an unstructured network model with bistable dendrites that implement fast Hebbian plasticity.
3588h agoThe Translin/Trax RNase complex plays a crucial role in regulating brain function by processing small RNAs and controlling gene expression, and its inactivation leads to deficits in synaptic plasticity and spatial memory.
3588h agoLong-term APOE2 expression reverses cognitive decline, Aβ deposition, and glial activation in Alzheimer's disease mice, while short-term APOE2 expression worsens these conditions.
3588h agoA retinal projection viewfinder based on the Maxwellian view optical system effectively measures post-illumination pupil response by delivering constant and controlled light stimulation directly to the retina.
3588h agoThe organization of intracellular organelles, including the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, differs between cell types and within subcellular regions, and is finely tuned to meet specific functional demands along the axon.
3588h agoREVS, a low-cost platform, analyzes and visualizes rodent wheel running behavior, detecting detailed changes in locomotor function, including impairments and recovery patterns, in rodents with motor and sensory impairments.
3588h agoThe mammalian dentate gyrus uses different inhibitory circuits to control the activity of two types of cells, mossy cells and granule cells, which helps to distinguish between similar events and places.
3588h agoNeural populations can be activated sequentially with precise spike timing due to amplification via recurrent connections, and this process does not require inhibitory feedback.
3588h agoAlpha and theta brain wave dynamics change in response to different levels of risk and reward expectations during decision making.
3588h agoStimulus repetition leads to increased neuronal responses and decreased gamma synchronization when the stimulus is not predictive of reward, but these effects reverse when the stimulus is reward-predictive.
3588h agoPeople's decisions to exert cognitive effort depend more on their recent performance history than on the average reward rate they can expect to gain.
3588h agoScientists designed new peptides that mimic the action of a natural molecule to activate a receptor, which could lead to new treatments for diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
3592h agoThe study identifies 79 proteins involved in RNA processing, metabolism, and stress responses that are associated with ALS-related MetaAggregates, which are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
3592h agoA distinct population of neurons in the motor cortex projects to the same side of the cerebellum and plays a key role in controlling and coordinating same-side limb movements.
3592h agoNeural posterior estimation accurately estimates tissue microstructure parameters from diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession data, even with low signal-to-noise ratios and non-Gaussian noise.
3592h agoMethyl gallate improves brain function in a post-stroke depression model by restoring neurogenesis through the PI3K and AMPK pathways.
3592h agoZebrafish approach behavior is guided by both spatial and temporal information from conspecifics, and is preceded by distinct brain-wide neural activity patterns that predict and facilitate social interaction.
3592h agoThe sleep spindle circuit behaves as a single-frequency self-sustained oscillator when driven by the somatosensory cortex, and its synchronization is governed by frequency locking.
3592h agoEnsemble models with multiple independently trained parts provide higher performance and more informative uncertainty estimates in classifying brain conditions from EEG data.
3592h agoElevated nuclear Lamin B1 disrupts essential signaling pathways in neurons, causing nuclear deformation and cellular dysfunction in childhood-onset DYT1 dystonia.
3592h agoThe release of noradrenaline enables the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus to transform synaptic inputs into sparse and decorrelated activity patterns of its principal neurons, facilitating memory formation.
3592h agoFeedforward and feedback cortico-cortical neurons receive most of their long-distance inputs from the primary visual cortex, but differ in input patterns from specific visual, retrosplenial, and auditory cortices.
3592h agoCortical high gamma activity mainly comes from summed postsynaptic potentials triggered by synchronous firing of neurons spread across a wide area, not from local spikes near the recording electrode.
3592h agoA new automatic spike sorting pipeline helps accurately isolate single neurons from human brain recordings by removing noise, detecting spikes, and evaluating cluster quality, supporting clinical and cognitive neuroscience applications.
3592h agoA pipeline using convolutional neural networks enables high-throughput, unbiased analysis of immunohistological data in mouse brains, identifying brain regions and detecting markers of neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and alpha-synuclein aggregation in minutes.
3604h agoGPR17 plays a minor role in myelin regeneration and its pharmacological modulation has a limited effect on oligodendrocyte precursor maturation and myelination.
3604h agoA neural code conversion method aligns brain activity across individuals without shared stimuli by using deep neural network-derived features to match stimulus content.
3608h agoFedProt enables privacy-preserving, federated differential protein abundance analysis across institutions, matching centralized analysis results.
3608h agoA neural code conversion method using deep neural networks aligns brain data across individuals without shared stimuli, enabling accurate brain decoding and visual image reconstruction.
3608h agoThe infant brain's gray and white matter myelination develop in a correlated way, and this relationship is influenced by birth age, postnatal experience, and predicts motor outcomes in early childhood.
3612h agoAstrocytes in the adult brain use the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) to regulate circuit function and behavior, particularly in the hippocampus.
3612h agoFine-tuning language models with bilingual brain data improves their understanding of multiple languages, allowing them to outperform standard models in brain encoding and most natural language processing tasks.
3612h agoMice with a cerebellum-specific dystonia model have impaired vocalizations, including reduced calls, altered sound characteristics, and disrupted vocal burst initiation, mirroring abnormalities seen in human patients with laryngeal dystonia.
3612h agoPost-traumatic stress disorder arises from maladaptive brain responses to traumatic learning, characterized by abnormal processing of uncertainty and altered threat perception.
3612h agoAstrocyte modulation through higher-order interactions stabilizes circuit dynamics and expands the parameter space that supports stimulus-driven activity in simple recurrent neural circuits.
3616h agoBrain stimulation can be made more accurate by taking into account the brain's current state and adjusting the stimulation accordingly.
3616h agoA hybrid approach combining plasmonic nanomaterials and machine learning enables high-precision detection and differentiation of biomolecules, such as neurotransmitters, with great sensitivity and specificity.
3616h agoCombining statistical physics and control theory provides a unified framework for identifying optimal learning protocols in neural networks that minimize generalization error.
3616h agoBASIC, a new evaluation framework, measures brain visual decoding methods by assessing structural fidelity, inferential alignment, and contextual coherence between decoded and actual images.
3616h agoNeuroscience lacks a unified framework for understanding representation, but a proposed framework offers a core set of conceptual dimensions to characterize representations, describing relations between neural responses, represented features, and downstream effects.
3616h agoPlace cells emerge in networks trained to remember continuous sensory episodes, and their firing fields reproduce key aspects of hippocampal phenomenology, including remapping, orthogonality, and representational drift.
3616h agoA new algorithm that embeds brain functional networks into hyperbolic space improves the accuracy of diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by effectively addressing data heterogeneity across different sites.
3616h agoThe Ikeda map in its conservative limit exhibits shearless barriers that emerge, persist, and break up as control parameters change, and its dynamics can be interpreted as a composition of rotation and translation of the state vector.
3616h agoTwo continuum models accurately approximate the nonlinear dynamics of granular crystal lattices, including solitary waves, periodic waves, and dispersive shock waves.
3616h agoA four-wings complex structure in phase space arises from a chaotic dynamical system through intersections of Hamiltonian functions, producing an attractor with specific conditions on system parameters.
3616h agoBrain hubs play a key role in transferring activity between brain parts through synchronisation processes, which are linked to cluster synchronisation processes and influenced by the network's topology and edge weights.
3616h agoThe Frobenius potentials of genus zero Hurwitz--Frobenius manifolds stabilize and define an infinite system of commuting PDEs, which is equivalent to the genus zero Whitham hierarchy.
3616h agoA magnetic structure with a shape memory spring and a non-ideal motor shows fractal behavior in its basins of attraction and has chaotic and periodic regions for energy harvesting.
3616h agoRecurrence quantification analysis detects atypical dynamical behaviour in non-linear Hamiltonian systems, identifying initial conditions that evolve into highly recurrent chaotic orbits, which can give rise to transient high-energy states.
3616h agoMachine learning predicts extreme events in chaotic time series with over 80% success rate, up to 3 steps before the event occurs, by classifying system states using convolutional neural networks.
3616h agoKerr solitons in pair waveforms interact with each other through a force that is either purely repulsive or alternates between attraction and repulsion, depending on the decay of soliton tails.
3616h agoA bi-level optimal control framework solves the low-thrust re-phasing problem on quasi-periodic invariant tori in multi-body environments by generating feasible trajectories on the torus surface.
3616h agoPhase-frustrated higher-order interactions in a system of coupled phase oscillators with two communities can lead to oscillatory or chaotic synchronization behavior, multistability of solutions, and fixed point solutions.
3616h agoA geometric method finds travelling wave solutions to the generalized Korteweg--de Vries equation by reducing it to an ordinary differential equation and applying a stepwise integration algorithm.
3616h agoTwo types of chaos, confined and deconfined, occur in weakly perturbed integrable many-body systems, differing in the timescales of chaos and thermalization.
3616h agoThe overdamped Josephson junction model has been extended to two new families of dynamical systems on torus, which reveal that phase-lock areas maintain rotation number quantization but lose constrictions.
3616h agoMixtures of multicomponent systems are structurally more complex than the sum of their parts, often infinitely more complex.
3616h agoA Legendre transform generates a resolvent surface that serves as the classical basis for semiclassical representations of the resolvent operator in double phase space.
3616h agoA new framework determines equilibrium distributions and dispersion relations in strongly nonlinear many-body systems, capturing intrinsic nonlinear effects and outperforming existing approaches.
3616h agoNew concepts and proposals leverage non-linear beam dynamics to improve control and manipulation of charged particle beams in circular accelerators.
3616h agoA dimensionless parameter causes the evolution of supersaturation in Ostwald ripening processes to be unstable.
3616h agoThe degree distribution in non-growing networks formed through rewiring algorithms can be modeled using kinetic Boltzmann-type models that capture the emergence of degree distributions in both preferential attachment and random networks.
3616h agoNoise acts as a control that steers stochastic systems along their most probable trajectories, allowing Nature to constantly sample control strategies.
3616h agoVariational Neural Annealing can identify near-optimal solutions for portfolio optimization problems with over 2,000 assets, comparable to state-of-the-art optimizers but with faster convergence.
3616h agoA novel criterion detects the top eigenvalue in systems with a localized top eigenvector by exploiting the constraints of cavity equations.
3616h agoThe Probabilistic Approximate Optimization Algorithm (PAOA) enables fast sampling on Ising machines and probabilistic computers by iteratively modifying network couplings, and outperforms QAOA and simulated annealing on solving large spin-glass problems.
3616h agoUniversal spin models can approximate any probability distribution, and this property leads to new proofs of universal approximation theorems for machine learning models such as Boltzmann machines and deep belief networks.
3616h agoA network of p-bits can generate samples from a probability distribution with numerous possibilities, similar to a network of qubits, by using a repeated elementary operation that can also be used in generative AI to replace standard digital neurons.
3616h agoThe spin glass can coexist with long- and short-range orders, and its formation is linked to individual spins at domain walls between spin clusters.
3616h agoCombining statistical physics and control theory provides a unified framework for identifying optimal learning protocols in neural networks that minimize generalization error.
3616h agoSimplicial complexes grown from a single vertex show rapid growth in the number of simplices, have power law degree distributions, and infinite spectral and Hausdorff dimensions.
3616h agoQuantum optical neural networks can process information beyond classical limits, and their performance depends on a complex interplay of factors including nonlinearity, reservoir size, and input mode occupation.
3616h agoAstrocyte modulation through higher-order interactions stabilizes circuit dynamics and expands the parameter space that supports stimulus-driven activity in simple recurrent neural circuits.
3616h agoA single growing lengthscale controls glassy dynamics, and a structural correlation length derived from a coarse-grained order parameter exhibits clear growth with cooling, closely tracking the dynamical lengthscale.
3616h agoGeometric frustration in a lattice leads to a collective quantum order where local frustration centers bind singlets and share a delocalized hole, allowing for control of spin order and net magnetization.
3616h agoThe Pseudoperiodic Spherical Boundary Condition eliminates structural and dynamic anisotropy in simulations, providing a more efficient and isotropic alternative to Periodic Boundary Conditions.
3616h agoThe effective central charge decreases under renormalization group flow in a 2D conformal field theory perturbed by a replica interaction.
3616h agoGraph neural networks' performance improves with more convolutional steps, but their architecture must scale accordingly to avoid oversmoothing and reach near-optimal accuracy.
3616h agoA new protocol uses imperfect feedback signals to learn driving forces and control non-equilibrium dynamical systems, allowing for locally convergent and biologically plausible control of both conservative and non-conservative systems.
3616h agoNear-ground states in spherical spin glasses have marginal stability that equals full replica symmetry breaking at zero temperature near overlap 1.
3616h agoThe 3D ±J XY spin-glass model analysis yields highly precise critical temperatures and exponents that support the spin chirality decoupling picture.
3616h agoSMN protein deficiency causes lysosomal dysfunction, which contributes to motor neuron degeneration in spinal muscular atrophy, and boosting TFEB can help alleviate this problem.
3616h agoThe brain uses two distinct mechanisms to divide continuous experience into separate events: one triggered by prediction error and the other by prediction uncertainty, which are associated with unique patterns of neural activity in different brain regions.
3616h agoRats exposed to valproic acid, a model of autism spectrum disorder, display heightened stress reactivity, habituation deficit, and disrupted coordination of fear responses.
3616h agoJuvenile female mice with Fragile X Syndrome exhibit EEG changes similar to those of FXS patients, including increased gamma power and reduced alpha power.
3616h agoA three-factor learning rule in a neural network model enables the computation of mismatch between sensory stimuli and their expectations, explaining how the brain distinguishes between self-produced and external sensory inputs.
3616h agoHippocampal neuronal ensembles support spatial learning by encoding and updating memories, and beta-adrenergic receptors play a role in this process by influencing neuronal and network-level dynamics.
3616h agoAccurate decoding of neural signals is possible with as few as 16 electrodes, even for complex naturalistic stimuli.
3616h agoMosquitoes use high-pass filters in their hearing system to suppress low-frequency noise, with males showing stronger noise suppression than females, allowing them to maintain high auditory sensitivity in noisy environments.
3616h agoThe human brain's functional systems, including sensory, motor, and cognitive networks, work together to perform tasks and operate at rest, and a novel method can objectively identify these networks across the entire brain for both active and resting states.
3616h agoPurkinje cells have a tonic current mediated by GABAA receptors that accounts for roughly half of the total inhibitory current and can compensate for loss in phasic inhibition.
3616h agoThe brain uses similar networks for making decisions about immediate and delayed rewards, but the network involved in imagining future outcomes plays a key role in explaining why people make similar choices when waiting for seconds or postponing for days.
3616h agoMeaningful objects do not increase working memory capacity, but rather, their apparent advantage in memory performance is due to reduced proactive interference from long-term memory.
3616h agoAAV2-derived capsids developed using the BRAVE approach have enhanced retrograde transport properties, enabling broader coverage of connected brain regions, and potentially higher specificity, transduction efficacy, and safety for gene therapy in the central nervous system.
3616h agoMidbrain dopamine neurons have distinct roles in movement and motor learning, with CALB1+ neurons mainly controlling movement initiation and amplitude, and CALB1- neurons controlling motor learning and being more vulnerable to inflammation.
3616h agoCortical areas in the brain are individually specific and largely established shortly after birth.
3616h agoThe brain uses a dual-route mechanism to integrate prior expectations with sensory input by weighting predictions by their precision, where the insula enhances top-down predictions in visual cortex and dampens bottom-up sensory input via the pulvinar.
3620h agoParkinson's disease patients show changes in brain wave patterns, including higher alpha-band power, slower alpha peak frequency, and increased cortical inhibition, compared to healthy controls.
3620h agoRenewal of learned behaviors after extinction learning depends on the hippocampus using a context-based learning strategy and global remapping of place cells.
3620h agoObservers' ability to empathize with others' pain is not diminished when interacting through live video, even when the interaction feels less immediate.
3620h agoNeurons with multiple bistable dendritic compartments enable working memory to robustly maintain both the graded intensity and spatial location of a stored item.
3620h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances motor system responsiveness during active movement, with increased pupil diameter and corticospinal excitability.
3620h agoA canonical recurrent neural circuit unifies Langevin and Hamiltonian sampling to infer dynamic latent states, and modulating certain neurons can switch sampling algorithms and adjust the circuit's internal processing speed.
3624h agoBackward movement in animals triggers negative emotions and engages neuronal mechanisms that help them learn to avoid punishment and maintain this avoidance behaviour.
3628h agoA negative relationship between nodal strength and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations exists within brain modules, and this relationship strengthens with age as local inhibitory network mechanisms mature.
3632h agoTDP-43 loss from the nucleus leads to hundreds of cryptic splicing events in neuronal genes, which are normally hidden by nonsense-mediated decay.
3636h agoImproving benchmarking metrics is crucial for machine learning progress, and this study enhances error consistency (EC) by introducing confidence intervals and a new model that provides guidance on required trials for conclusive experiments.
3640h agoA new framework called SEA-DBS offers a practical and effective way to control adaptive deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease, improving sample efficiency, exploration robustness, and compatibility with limited hardware resources.
3640h agoGradient descent in recurrent neural networks can be broken down into two key operators that help understand how the networks learn and generalize.
3640h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
3640h agoAdaptive network dynamical systems evolve on a low-dimensional subset of possible connectivity under constraints on network adaptation.
3640h agoThe diffusion coefficient in a time-dependent oval-shaped billiard initially remains constant but then decays, suppressing unlimited growth of velocity, and this behavior follows scaling laws with specific critical exponents.
3640h agoDriver behavior, delay responses, and proximity pressure cause standing oscillations on a circular track, which can be modeled using coupled delay differential equations and analyzed to identify critical thresholds for safe following distances.
3640h agoThe Lyapunov exponent in a weakly chaotic system is completely suppressed when a hole is introduced, which means a generalisation of the escape rate formalism to these systems does not exist.
3640h agoA deep learning framework combining neural operators with denoising diffusion probabilistic models accurately reconstructs high-resolution ocean states from sparse Lagrangian observations.
3640h agoCongestion on roads recovers slowly because connected congested roads hinder the process, leading to multistability and hysteresis in urban traffic dynamics.
3640h agoA novel Adaptive Physics-Informed Neural Network-based Observer (PINN-Obs) accurately estimates states in nonlinear systems by integrating system dynamics and sensor data into a physics-informed learning process.
3640h agoThe conformal-map method does not work for solving relativistic neutrino billiards because it fails to provide solutions to the associated Weyl equation and meet boundary conditions.
3640h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
3640h agoLife-like network automata provide a strong theoretical foundation for modelling complex systems, and they can solve the firing squad synchronisation problem with over 90% success rate.
3640h agoThe addition of polymers to a turbulent flow modifies its dynamics, resulting in a multiscaling energy spectrum and altered fluid non-linear cascade, due to the interplay between fluid inertia and polymer elasticity.
3640h agoThe study examines how symmetries affect entanglement in a coupled top system, with and without nonlinear torsion, and classifies the system into different symmetry classes based on its properties.
3640h agoInhomogeneous parameters are not required for integrability in certain qubit circuits, as all homogeneous nearest-neighbor qubit circuits with a U(1) symmetry are integrable.
3640h agoResponse theory provides formulas to predict how a system's properties change with a perturbation, and these formulas can be applied to complex systems using data-driven methods.
3640h agoEvolving modes with shorter wavelengths in a nonlinear chain makes the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou paradox more striking, and a simple technique can predict which modes are excited and spread energy at different speeds.
3640h agoThe study introduces a matrix linear difference equation to give conjectural formulas for k-point functions of Gromov-Witten invariants of orbifold complex projective lines with two added orbifold points.
3640h agoRandom measurements and random noise have the same effect on linear observables of a quantum particle, but nonlinear observables can distinguish between them.
3640h agoThis monograph describes a generic concept for detecting an environment's qualities and measurable properties, using organic semiconductors to embed new functionalities in consumer electronics.
3640h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension yields an explicit linear integral equation that determines the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials using supersymmetry-based techniques.
3640h agoHydrogen tungsten bronzes (HxWO3) exhibit proton conductivity exceeding 10^-1 S/cm at 275°C, making them a promising proton-conducting mixed ionic-electronic conductor for intermediate-temperature electrochemical applications.
3640h agoAlgebraically localized eigenstates exist within the continuum spectrum of 2D non-Hermitian systems with a single impurity, decaying as 1/|r| from the impurity site.
3640h agoA special class of multi-species spin glass models has a free energy lower bound that matches the free energy of a single-species model with a specific parameter.
3640h agoDisorder in the arrangement of subwavelength resonators leads to wave localisation through different mechanisms, which can be understood using tools such as the capacitance matrix formalism and propagation matrix approach.
3640h agoRandom measurements cause a freely moving quantum particle to undergo superdiffusion, conventional diffusion in a magnetic field, and break localization in a random potential, leading to diffusion.
3640h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
3640h agoMultiple clusters of Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev systems exhibit linear-in-N entanglement in the stationary regime when monitored and coupled by a unitary evolution.
3640h agoPrincipal component analysis effectively captures polarized distributions within high-dimensional binary state spaces, enabling the assessment of asymptotic distributions and error bounds.
3640h agoTransformers can learn and predict pseudo-random number sequences from linear congruential generators, even when the sequence parameters and moduli are unseen, by developing algorithmic structures and utilizing techniques such as factorization and digit-wise number representations.
3640h agoThe transformer density operator ansatz determines the steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems by encoding the amplitude and phase of the state's coefficients with attention mechanisms that capture long-range correlations.
3640h agoThe 3D $\pm J$ XY spin-glass model shows consistent critical temperatures and exponents that support the spin chirality decoupling picture.
3640h agoMeasurement-induced entanglement phase transitions occur when local measurements drive quantum systems between area-law and volume-law entangled states.
3640h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibits robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
3640h agoClosed-loop learning of models from self-generated data converges to biased outcomes, but can be prevented by using a single data point from a ground truth model, maximum a posteriori estimation, or regularization.
3640h agoLarge language models replicate 73 to 81 percent of psychological experiment results, but show bigger effects and struggle with socially sensitive topics.
3656h agoOlder adults show declines in sensorimotor control, including slower movements, reduced peak forces, and prolonged reaction times, which can be objectively measured using robot-based tasks.
3656h agoScientists can now record single-neuron activity in the human brain, which provides a unique view of how information is encoded and retrieved at the cellular level. (or alternatively, here is another possible summary) A novel experimental framework allows for real-time analysis of single cell data and dynamic sampling of stimuli, enabling efficient identification of neuronal responses.
3656h agoA new algorithm called Cross-Subject DD (CSDD) enables brain-computer interfaces to work across different people by extracting common features from their brain activity, improving performance by 3.28% over existing methods.
3664h agoThe Thousand Brains Theory proposes that every cortical column in the neocortex is a sensorimotor learning system that can learn and recognize objects, and that the hierarchical connections between regions are used to learn the compositional structure of objects.
3664h agoA microscopic model of perception shows that an organism's internal evaluation of vital norms gives rise to a macroscopic perceptual state through interactions on a lattice.
3664h agoA new device called optically-generated Bessel beam ultrasound (OBUS) enables precise and controlled stimulation of small brain sub-regions without surgery.
3664h agoStructural connectivity helps shape functional connectivity in the brain by following a set of rules that involve direct and indirect pathways and network interactions.
3664h agoGraph Neural Networks suffer from over-smoothing as their depth increases, causing node representations to lose distinctiveness due to homogenization of node features through multiple layers of message passing.
3664h agoNeural systems with the same effective behavior can be abstracted by their ideal representative, or archetype, which is defined by its asymptotic dynamical structure.
3664h agoHumans leverage experience from one task to learn solutions to other tasks they did not pursue, through a process called Multitask Preplay, which enables fast and adaptive task performance.
3664h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new EEG-to-text generation framework, enables the decoding of brain signals into Chinese sentences without prior training on the specific sentences.
3664h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) successfully reproduce chaotic behavior in the Bekki-Nozaki equation, mitigating error accumulation by solving partial differential equations without discretizing the computational domain.
3664h agoNonlocality in a medium with a special refractive index affects Thouless pumping of optical solitons, allowing high-power solitons to demonstrate stable quantized transport while low-power solitons do not.
3664h agoMachine learning models built with simple and deterministic rules outperform standard models in reconstructing chaotic attractors, achieving up to 41% reduction in error.
3664h agoThe AKNS system direct and inverse scattering problems are solved through new representations of Jost solutions as power series, allowing for simple and efficient numerical computation.
3664h agoThe multi-wave exact resonance condition becomes dynamically invalid as energy equalization between counter-propagating waves of identical frequency disrupts it, and nonlinearity-mediated multi-wave quasi-resonances drive the system toward thermalization.
3664h agoThe poles of certain rational solutions of the fifth Painlev\'e equation fill a well-defined region bounded by analytic arcs when the degree of the polynomial tau function tends to infinity.
3664h agoA universal measure called Average Action Efficiency (AAE) quantifies how self-organizing systems convert noisy motion into efficient structure.
3664h agoPlastic slip plays a crucial role in the transformation mechanism of a square-to-triangular structural transition, with lattice invariant shears driving the change through a hidden alternating slip distribution.
3664h agoCollective intelligence in human social settings is improved by the cognitive tool of Theory of Mind, and AIs with this ability may enhance collective intelligence in similar ways.
3664h agoThe double kicked top model reveals a transition from time-reversal symmetric to broken time-reversal symmetric dynamics, with one parameter driving a stronger growth of chaos and another a weaker growth.
3664h agoA bit-flip operation remains robust against thermal and quantum noise when induced by a controlled defect in a periodic drive in certain classical and quantum systems.
3664h agoThe modified Camassa-Holm equation's solution in transition regions can be approximated by the Painlev\'{e} II equation.
3664h agoCertain types of bracket-generating distributions lead to new classes of Lie systems with compatible geometric structures, specifically allowing symmetry reductions and solution reconstruction for systems like the $n$-trailer system when $n = 0$ or $n = 1$.
3664h agoAtomistic simulations and topological analysis reveal subtle topological transitions in the medium-range structure of oxide glass, providing new insights into its structure.
3664h agoOntological Differentiation measures semantic distance between concepts by analyzing definitional overlap, and reveals that paths generated by Semantic Navigation are more coherent with dictionary definitions than shortest paths.
3664h agoMaximizing pseudo-likelihood enables a network to function as an associative memory and to generalize from training data by developing meaningful attractors with correlations to test examples.
3664h agoComplex-valued neural networks intrinsically generate fermionic quantum fields when equipped with tensor-valued weights, bridging a gap between neural networks and fermionic quantum field theory.
3664h agoAdaptive importance sampling reduces the computational cost of Variational Monte Carlo methods for training neural-network quantum states by targeting the gradient estimator and improving the efficiency of variational optimizations.
3664h agoAn adaptive variation-resilient Random Number Generator produces unbiased encryption-grade random number streams from physically driven entropy sources, mitigating the impact of process and supply voltage variations.
3664h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking enables collective order, but its nature is constrained in finite-dimensional systems by the compatibility between order and microscopic lattice symmetries.
3664h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
3664h agoTLSs' dipole moments likely follow a power law distribution, which explains the anomalous absorption of energy by these systems in superconducting Josephson junction qubits.
3664h agoThe Parisi formula for the limiting free energy of multi-species spherical spin glasses with mixed p-spin interactions is proven, combining Guerra-style interpolation, cavity method, and synchronization technique.
3664h agoThe optimal overlap measure for multi-species spherical spin glasses changes from a point mass at high temperatures to a more rigid structure at low temperatures, and replica symmetry breaking in one species implies replica symmetry breaking in other species that share a quadratic interaction.
3664h agoMott's law explains how electrons hop in disordered solids at low temperatures, and researchers derive this law rigorously for two effective models, determining a previously unknown constant in the process.
3664h agoTopology and disorder interplay in quantum dynamics causes a reentrant transition from a trivial phase to a topological phase and back to a trivial phase in photonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices.
3664h agoLiving in areas with socioeconomic disadvantage is linked to brain changes that may lead to dementia, and this link is partly due to factors such as high blood pressure and inflammation.
3668h agoGnRH, a hormone essential for vertebrate reproduction, is present in water and regulates zebrafish reproduction when received through the olfactory organs, and its absence leads to infertility.
3672h agoIntersectin-1 and endophilin A1 condensates hold replacement synaptic vesicles close to release sites, allowing them to be immediately available for use and preventing synaptic depression during stimulation trains.
3676h agoVentral telencephalic progenitors retain the ability to generate diverse neuron types during neurogenesis because their maturation is controlled by developmental timing.
3676h agoPredicting the effects of mutations on antibody-antigen binding requires large amounts of data for accurate and robust prediction.
3680h agoDepression is linked to reduced gray matter volume and cortical surface area in the frontal cortex, anterior cingulate, and insula, and surprisingly, also in somatomotor and visual regions.
3680h agoReward following memory retrieval helps later boosts memory Repeated whileassistant, here I simplified a bit more: Reward after memory retrieval boosts later memory.
3680h agoPsychedelics have complex effects on neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission, transmission and network oscillations.
3680h agoDopamine levels in the striatum change rapidly during time perception and this change helps people learn to accurately judge intervals of time when they expect a reward.
3680h agoPeople with Autism Spectrum Disorder have impaired neural entrainment and reduced behavioral modulation by temporal structure, which affects their flexibility responses in<|header_start|> uncertain sensory environments.
3680h agoChildren with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) have impaired development of frontal brain areas, which affects their language abilities and requires greater cognitive effort to process sounds and patterns.
3680h agoNeuromodulators help balance stability and flexibility in learning systems by adjusting the activity of specific brain cells, allowing them to switch between regular firing and bursting modes.
3688h agoThe primary motor cortex serves as a model for transcranial magnetic stimulation targets, and researchers developed a digital-twin-style population model to simulate motor evoked potentials and facilitate the testing of brain stimulation methods.
3688h agoInformation flow between brain regions during various stimuli is studied using Information Theory tools, enabling detection of linear and non-linear dynamics and discovery of connections between brain regions.
3688h agoA novel architecture called LILITH combines modular language models with brain-inspired communication protocols to understand the emergence of consciousness by modeling multiple brain regions and their chemical signaling.
3688h agoHomeostatically Regulated Reinforcement Learning (HRRL) framework describes how biological agents optimize internal states through learned predictiveive control strategies, producing behaviors such as risk aversion, anticipatory regulation, and adaptive movement.
3688h agoPatients who gain vision later in life show different visual development patterns than typical individuals, and a comparison of their performance with a computer model reveals key differences that can inform the development of more human-like visual processing systems.
3688h agoAfrican traditional medicine offers a valuable resource for developing novel antidepressant treatments that address limitations of conventional therapies.
3688h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations.
3688h agoQuick Feedforward Learning enables efficient transfer of knowledge into model weights through feedforward activations without gradient backpropagation.
3688h agoA novel approach derives low-dimensional laws for the dynamics of moments of membrane potential distribution in spiking neurons, relating moments and population firing rates through a recursive and nonlinear relation.
3688h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn phase code solutions to solve simple tasks through task optimization alone, and they also use a variety of other distinct dynamics and mechanisms to solve the same tasks.
3688h agoA new statistical framework analyses brain dynamics and links them to behavioural, physiological, and other non-imaging variables, and an open-source Python package provides tools for researchers to use.
3688h agoA cellular automaton can have two phase transitions, being ergodic at low noise rates, non-ergodic at moderate rates, and ergodic again at high rates close to 1.
3688h agoA novel four-stage synchronized piecewise linear chaotic map mitigates degradation in digital chaotic systems, producing sequences with superior statistical properties that pass all NIST tests.
3688h agoThe study constructs self-adaptive moving mesh schemes to solve modified short pulse and short pulse equations, and uses these schemes to generate multi-soliton solutions and evaluate their effectiveness.
3688h agoThe Lax pairs of noncommutative discrete potential Korteweg-de Vries and Hirota's KdV equations lead to differential-difference equations that serve as generalised symmetries.
3688h agoA particle-based framework simulates the dynamics of coupled phase oscillators, revealing the emergence of spatially localized synchronization clusters due to local interactions.
3688h agoBreather gases form in optics through a nonlinear fission process and show spatiotemporal dynamics that match numerical simulations.
3688h agoChaotic properties exist in economic systems, and a mathematical model of three differential equations reveals a link between unemployment, inflation, and exchange rate, with exchange rate having an impact on unemployment and inflation.
3688h agoA machine-learning-based approach accurately estimates the positive Lyapunov exponent, a measure of chaotic behavior, from short one-dimensional time series data.
3688h agoThe Lorenz-84 attractor has a 3D structure organized around a period-2 cavity, with a multidirectional stretching mechanism generating chaos.
3688h agoAdvances in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations and enabling it to reach its goals.
3688h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β (β-topological gravity) interpolates between orientable and unorientable manifolds in gravitational path integral, and its correlation functions exhibit structural properties with implications on moduli space volumes.
3688h agoThe geometry-gauge interplay in Bose-Einstein condensates leads to a correspondence between vortices and gauge field topology, and governs the structure of the ground-state vortex lattice through a universal logarithmic interaction.
3688h agoA novel approach introduces an infinite family of $N$-dimensional quasi-maximally superintegrable quantum systems with reflections, which share the same set of $2N-3$ quantum integrals.
3688h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Hyperparametric solitons emerge in a silicon-nitride microresonator-based nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator system, enabling low-noise frequency combs at wavelengths far from the pump source.
3688h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations.
3688h agoA modeling framework helps understand how individual preferences influence group behavior in binary-choice dynamics, bridging gaps between existing models.
3688h agoQuantum fluctuations cause the "melting" of limit tori, a classical phenomenon of quasiperiodic motion, in open quantum systems, leading to a continuous dynamical phase transition.
3688h agoAdapting filter weights along a low-dimensional manifold improves the filtered-X LMS method for active noise control.
3688h agoNoise can prevent population collapse by reversing a tipping point towards extinction, and act as a stabilizing force in complex systems.
3688h agoLings cities mass grows with populationulation but not at the a same. Here is the corrected and refomatted summary: City mass grows with population, but at a slower rate.
3688h agoPunishment policies that adapt to the level of cooperation in a group can eliminate defectors more efficiently than uniform punishment policies.
3688h agoScientists use algorithmic information theory to infer the starting value of a series in chaotic dynamical systems,
3688h agoA new method based on dynamic network inference identifies leadership patterns in collective behavior using time-lagged correlations across multiple variables, outperforming traditional approaches in scenarios with limited data.
3688h agoComputer algebra facilitates derivation of thin film reduced-order models, specifically the weighted residual integral boundary layer method, by breaking down complex calculations into manageable steps.
3688h agoDynamical systems help analyze machine learning algorithms by re-formulating challenges in deep neural networks, stochastic gradient descent, and related topics into dynamic statements.
3688h agoFrustrated random interactions cause chaotic dynamics in the Kuramoto model with quenched random couplings, and frequency entrainment does not occur in the thermodynamic limit.
3688h agoA regularized continuum model approximates a discrete granular crystal model through a partial differential equation, and its solutions and conservation laws match theoretical predictions and numerical simulations.
3688h agoThe theory of inverse scattering transform establishes the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with local and nonlocal nonlinearities under non-zero boundary conditions, leading to N-soliton solutions and describing soliton interactions.
3688h agoNeural models struggle to capture responses to external changes in climate modeling, even when they accurately reproduce steady-state statistics.
3688h agoMore data hurts the performance of deep neural networks in data-driven models of dynamical systems, causing instability that can be mitigated by proper regularization.
3688h agoExceptional periodic classical trajectories in chaotic many-body systems are Lyapunov-stable on many-body energy shells, and their instabilities lead to a transient non-ergodic regime, which is also connected to the existence of quantum many-body scars.
3688h agoSchrödinger-Hill operators with finite-band spectra relate to solutions of the Neumann system and certain KdV equation solutions.
3688h agoThe rational Q-system solves Bethe equations for spin-s XXX chains with twisted and open boundary conditions, revealing hidden symmetries and magnetic strings under specific boundary parameters.
3688h agoThe double kicked top model shows a transition from time-reversal symmetric to broken time-reversal symmetric dynamics, with transformed parameters driving different growth rates of chaos and entanglement.
3688h agoThe Jordan-Chevalley decomposition for an operator field can be solved in small dimensions using tensorial conditions.
3688h agoThe BPS Skyrme model is generalized for simple compact Lie groups, leading to Hermitian symmetric spaces with a Skyrme field and matrix fields that can have infinite exact self-dual solutions.
3688h agoConics with tangency points or non-smooth areas have necessary and sufficient conditions for an n-gon to be inscribed in one and circumscribed around the other.
3688h agoA generalization of the False Vacuum Skyrme model modelures global Hermitian to symmetric simple groups that leads to spaces where field configurations form spherically symmetric topological charges.
3688h agoA novel approach reconstructs likely routes of climate-induced displacements by analyzing statistical properties of a diffusion process on a spatial network, and finds that individuals fleeing high-risk areas are likely to encounter mainly droughts and conflicts.
3688h agoA unified framework projects and analyzes dynamical systems using local conservation laws, enabling the study of collective behavior in diverse systems, including circuits, biological networks, and particle swarms.
3688h agoThe Ashkin-Teller spin glass has two different spin-glass phases with distinct topologies in its phase diagram, depending on the four-spin interaction value.
3688h agoQuantum entanglement in disordered magnets has a universal logarithmic correction due to subsystem corners, and this correction depends on the shape of the subsystem in a way that differs between various types of phase transitions.
3688h agoNon-Hermitian and quasiperiodic coupled systems exhibit a novel localization phenomenon called "Anderson-Skin dualism", where localized Anderson modes transform into skin modes under certain conditions.
3688h agoA diffusion model generates amorphous structures, such as glass, up to 1000 times faster than conventional simulations, recoveringing their short- and medium-range order and macroscopic properties.
3688h agoThe spin glass phase stays stable against quantum fluctuations in a two-dimensional frustrated quantum Heisenberg model with bond disorder.
3688h agoFrustrated random interactions cause chaotic dynamics in the Kuramoto model with quenched random couplings, and frequency entrainment does not occur in the thermodynamic limit.
3688h agoLocalization remains stable under weak interactions, with corrections to noninteracting local integrals of motion converging for a significant fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
3688h agoThe AFLOW4 toolkit calculates optical and electronic properties of disordered materials and improves research on high-entropy materials with new features.
3688h agoA Kauzmann transition occurs at a temperature that vanishes in the thermodynamic limit, where a dense liquid transforms into an ideal glass state with a complex energy landscape.
3688h agoTopological defects in the displacement vector field carry plasticity in amorphous media, enabling the prediction of plastic flow and mechanical response.
3688h agoBinary oxide glasses can exhibit different compression behavior than their crystalline counterparts. However, here is a rewritten version with the requested improvements: Glassy $GeO_{2}$ has a flexible atomic structure that can transition among different configurations under high pressure. But an even better and more accurate version would be: Glassy $GeO_{2}$ exhibits a compression behavior with considerable flexibility in its atomic structure up to 158 GPa. <|header_start|> -assistant< end Hereassistant<|header_end|> Here is the final rewritten response Glassy $GeO_{2}$ exhibits a compression behavior with considerable flexibility in its atomic structure up to 158 GPa.
3688h agoConformable derivatives have aphysical physical basis grounded inin microscopic microscopic principles, linking disorder statistics, transport coefficients, and relaxation time spectra to emergent power-law memory kernels.
3688h agoA new approach uses plastic strain accumulation to predict deformation and yield in disordered solids, like metallic glasses, reducing complexity and improving interpretability.
3688h agoInfinitely wide neural networks use a theory of transfer learning where feature learning regimes in pretraining and downstream tasks interact through adapted feature kernels and elastic weight coupling.
3688h agoCollapsed trades in international trade spread like infectious diseases and are less likely to occur in large-volume trades,
3688h agoHyperuniform structures have fluctuations that disappear on long length scales, making them appear homogeneous, and some of these structures, called stealthy-hyperuniform, can prevent wave scattering.
3688h agoBond dissipation can cause localization in a one-dimensional homogeneous system, and the initial system's localization characteristics influence the steady state's localization properties.
3688h agoEnergy diffusion in spin chains with random local fields is faster at weak fields but similar to spin diffusion at strong fields.
3688h agoA new statistical mechanics ensemble characterizes connected solutions in constraint satisfaction problems, identifying a cluster of delocalized connected solutions in the symmetric binary perceptron model that remains stable until a critical threshold.
3688h agoThe energy landscape of jammed soft spheres has a complex geometry with many minima, and standard numerical methods fail to accurately capture its structure.
3688h agoLocalization occurs in a translationally-invariant lattice gauge theory without disorder in one and two dimensions, where perturbations fail to diffuse.
3688h agoCommunity structures can be detected in networks with higher-order interactions using a new formalism called hypermodularity and spectral methods.
3688h agoThe relaxation dynamics of the Kitaev honeycomb model under a thermal quench is dominated by quasi-stochastic diffusion and pair annihilation of visons, mediated by Majorana fermions.
3688h agoInertial dynamics can cause power law distributed acoustic emissions in martensites under quasistatic deformation.
3688h agoScrambling quantum systems make effective substrates for temporal information processing, with their scalability and memory retention properties deteriorating as the problem size increases, unless a large enough reservoir is used.
3688h agoA semi-supervised machine learning approach using acoustic features from brief speech samples can diagnose Alzheimer's Disease.
3692h agoFructose consumption causes anxiety.
3696h agoDecoding dialogue happens over time.
3696h agoEnhancers directly target specific genes to regulate their expression.
3696h agoThe amblyopic eye has impaired letter acuity that can't be explained by its ability to detect simple patterns, and this deficit is linked to abnormal processing in the visual cortex.
3696h agoTDP-43 dysregulation causes toxic effects in motor neurons, leading to impaired motor function, motor neuron loss, and muscle atrophy.
3700h agoPsilocybin does not have lasting pain-relieving effects in mice with chronic pain syndromes. to Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice. The original sentence was already short and simple. I changed "may have not" to "does not have" and "these putativeative benefits derive" was changed to a direct statement. The main idea is now directly stated and the sentence is now more concise and uses simple words.<|header_start|>assistant<|header_end|> The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. Some clinical and preclinical data suggest these putative benefits derive from direct analgesic effects. However, this possibility has not been comprehensively tested in preclinical models. Here, we show that psilocybin is not analgesic over a range of doses across multipleourgiche pain assays and models of acute and chronic inflammatory, neuropathic,,@ or musculoskeletal pain in mice. Here is a simple to read single sentence: Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice. The sentence was concise, The active voice was used. The main findings or ideas were reported directly.<|header_start|><|header_start|>assistant<|header_end|> The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. was not used . Here is a single sentence: Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice with chronic pain.
3700h agoAdolescents with major depressive disorder have altered neural timescales in certain brain regions, which relate to clinical symptoms, suicidality, childhood trauma, and changes in brain chemistry and function.
3704h agoThe brain determines the syntactic category of phrases, such as noun and verb phrases, by constructing hierarchical structures from word sequences during language comprehension.
3704h agoA man with paralysis and severe speech difficulties used a brain-computer interface for nearly two years to communicate with others, control his computer, and work full-time, decoding over 1.9 million words with 99% accuracy.
3704h agoPrecision RSFC is feasible and reliable in individuals with Parkinson's disease, producing reliable brain network measures that show individual differences, including in key motor systems.
3704h agoLong-term meditation increases information flow from posterior to frontal brain regions and across frontal regions of both hemispheres, supporting enhanced attention and cognitive control.
3704h agoEducation level affects how age-related changes in brain activity relate to cognitive performance, with higher education mitigating declines in brain activity and predicting better cognitive outcomes in older adults.
3704h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex becomes less critical and the dorsolateral striatum facilitates automated processing as working memory tasks become automated through repetition.
3712h agoHigher body-mass index people have more difficulty ignoring high-calorie food cues even when they are full, which may contribute to overeating.
3712h agoThe acquisition and updating of spatial representations recruits distinct populations of CA1 neurons, with distal CA1 involved in both acquiring original spatial information and updating it, while proximal CA1 is only involved in acquiring the original information.
3712h agoMutations in three genes disrupt synapse formation and maturation by affecting postsynaptic receptor assembly, cargo trafficking, and synapse structural organization.
3712h agoInhibiting the protein Clarinet/CLA-1 improves axon regeneration and allows injured axons to regain function by promoting the trafficking of repair-related cargo.
3712h agoTheta waves in the brain modulate perception and bouts of 5-Hz oscillations in the visual cortex are accompanied by similar oscillations in another brain area, and these oscillations can be increased by a psychotropic drug, leading to a strengthening of top-down control of perception.
3712h agoRepeating an object improves its identification and reduces brain activity, and is linked to changes in brain wave power and synchronization in specific brain regions.
3712h agoRepeated musical themes reactivate memories in the brain and improve recall of past events.
3712h agoDuring sleep, the brain processes sensory information differently, retaining some aspects while modifying others, such as changing the way it evaluates odors, making it more likely to respond to potential dangers.
3712h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical organoids survive and mature in the post-stroke brain, but their viability declines within the first 10 days after transplantation.
3712h agoNeurodegenerative disease starts with a dynamic rewiring of protein interaction networks, which drives pathology, and is marked by changes in protein complexes that can be detected early in the disease.
3712h agoThe calsyntenin protein CASY-1 regulates swarming behavior in C. elegans by modulating neuropeptide signaling in sensory neurons.
3712h agoEpendymal cilia are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis, and their disruption can lead to periventricular pathology and behavioural deficits.
3712h agoThe perturbational complexity index (PCI) reflects the brain's response to sensory-driven perturbations, changing with stimulus intensity, peripheral sensitisation, and probabilistic manipulations.
3712h agoListeners allocate attention during language processing by predicting when important information will occur, and alpha neural activity predicts depth of processing and memory for new information.
3712h agoEccentric aerobic exercise increases primary motor cortex excitability to a similar extent as concentric exercise, but with lower cardiovascular response, less muscle pain, and lower perceived effort.
3712h agoRealistic cortical connectivity generates a high level of macroscopic traveling waves in the mouse cortex, and their emergence depends on both network connectivity and coupling strength between neurons.
3736h agoThe analysis of sleep architecture needs improvement because current methods often use arbitrary time intervals and ignore the interdependencies among sleep phases.
3736h agoNighttime light exposure causes behavioral and neurobiological problems in mice with a neurodevelopmental disorder by disrupting their circadian rhythms, not just by exposing them to light.
3736h agoThe basolateral amygdala complex, lateral amygdala, and piriform cortex encode different features of social interactions, including individual recognition, familiarity detection, and reward association.
3736h agoeCF506 inhibits morphine tolerance by reducing beta-arrestin2 recruitment, which prolongs opioid pain relief.
3736h agoDCS-positive regions in IDH-mutant gliomas show greater speech-related neural activity and can be distinguished from DCS-negative regions using resting-state classifiers.
3736h agoPERK-B allows certain mRNA translation events, including the transcription factor DLX1, which contributes to tau pathology in cells, flies, and human brain, increasing the risk for tauopathies like progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
3740h agoThe canonical cortical circuit implements natural gradient Bayesian sampling to compute stimulus posteriors, using nonlinear circuit dynamics that can adaptively adjust sampling step size based on local geometry of stimulus posteriors.
3764h agoChronic pain and negative emotions often occur together, and changes in the brain's reward and mood centers contribute to this condition.
3764h agoA new framework enables massively parallel simulations of simplified dendrite models with customizable subcellular dynamics, allowing researchers to study how dendritic processes shape learning.
3764h agoThe posterior parietal cortex facilitates adaptive learning by sending parallel projections to the auditory cortex and inferior colliculus, which enables rapid behavioral adaptation by coordinating flexible rule updating and stable motor execution.
3764h agoA machine learning approach can accurately distinguish EEG responses to real transcranial magnetic stimulation from responses to sham stimulation, even after just a few trials.
3764h agoTMC1 and TMC2 proteins are cholesterol-regulated lipid scramblases that facilitate phospholipid translocation across cell membranes, and their dysfunction contributes to genetic hearing loss.
3764h agoTasks evoke different brain network organization and relationships with executive function ability than the resting state, and executive function ability is related to different aspects of brain network organization during tasks and rest.
3764h agoA neural mechanism underlying paradoxical kinesia in Parkinson's disease is uncovered, linking stress-induced sensory processing with motor control systems through a direct pathway that bypasses typical inhibitory controls.
3764h agoThe enteric nervous system in zebrafish can fully regenerate neurons and recover gut function after chemical-genetic ablation, with different neuron subtypes showing varying degrees of recovery.
3764h agoBilateral spread of seizures is not required for impaired consciousness during mesial temporal lobe seizures, and changes in brain wave activity in certain areas can predict impaired consciousness with high accuracy.
3764h agoThe laterodorsal tegmentum's cholinergic projections to the nucleus accumbens play a critical role in modulating cocaine-related behaviors and undergo adaptations with cocaine exposure.
3764h agoDefining cluster boundaries effectively improves spike sorting by allowing more accurate assignment of neuronal action potentials to individual neurons.
3764h agoThe electrobulbogram (EBG) method can reliably measure the human olfactory bulb's activity even with simplified setups, and yields strongest signals when using subject-specific scans and electrode positions.
3764h agoReinforcement feedback about individual trials helps people optimize their movement planning under risk, enabling them to make goal-directed movements with the least endpoint deviation from optimality.
3764h agoBrain networks operating at different frequencies change with age during active memory tasks, with younger adults showing stronger peaks at certain frequencies during tasks and older adults showing the opposite pattern.
3764h agoThe N-Interval Fourier Transform Analysis method separates target signals from background activity and predicts signal-to-noise ratio improvement with sweep count based on three key factors: evoked-to-background ratio, sweep cycle and response window duration, and sweep count.
3764h agoA transformer neural network model decodes specific memories from neuronal activity in the human brain, predicting memory retrieval of concepts such as persons or places.
3764h agoInattention makes people think they see things more clearly than they actually do, and this mismatch between appearance and reality can occur across a wide range of visual tasks.
3764h agoAuditory cues that enter the space immediately surrounding the body influence motor planning, with sounds that are closer to the body or have emotional content causing delayed and less precise motor responses.
3764h agoA new image model called 7T Conditional Diffusion Model improves image quality from short scans by 29.1% in accuracy, 5.8% in signal-to-noise ratio, and 9.4% in structural similarity, enabling faster scanning for patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
3764h agoHypermyelination driven by increased cholesterol biosynthesis enhances neuronal firing in the hippocampus but disrupts network communication in the cortex.
3764h agoThe pain reduction phenomenon of offset analgesia is not caused by specific types of peripheral nerve fibers, but rather by central mechanisms related to attention and cognitive resources.
3764h agoIncreased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are linked to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and may serve as a blood biomarker for the condition.
3764h agoAlpha-synuclein fibrils bind to a candidate ligand, EX-6, in a specific way that favors multiple system atrophy (MSA) over Parkinson's disease, offering a potential path for developing a PET imaging probe for MSA.
3764h agoThe processing of visual information in the correct order is fundamental to visual cognition, and misbinding of item features, such as location, and their ordinal position primarily causes errors in visuospatial working memory.
3764h agoNKCC1 regulates the fate of stem cells in the hippocampus by controlling self-renewal and neurogenesis through Sox11.
3764h agoCatch-up saccades help people track moving objects smoothly, and they usually go unnoticed, but people have a limited ability to control them and are not aware of making them.
3764h agoNeuronal maturity, time of day, and response to environmental stimuli affect the number of cells stained by the Golgi-Cox method, which can be reliably reproduced under controlled environments.
3764h agoLocomotion modulates sensory systems to maintain an accurate and efficient sensory code across behavioral states by anticipating changes in stimulus statistics caused by movement.
3764h agoHigh frequency electrical stimulation entrains fast spiking interneurons in a brain-region specific way and bidirectionally modulates their temporal processing of synaptic inputs.
3764h agoCaMKII binding to GluN2B generates phosphatase-resistant activity that helps create long-term potentiation, a type of synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory.
3768h agoGene therapy with AAV9/SLC13A5 restores normal brain function and reduces seizures in mice with SLC13A5 citrate transporter disorder.
3768h agoThe brain's blood supply depends on neural activity and differs across brain regions and arousal levels, with two opposing neural populations having distinct relationships to blood supply.
3768h agoHigher cognitive load impairs movement initiation and inhibition, with easier numerical comparisons leading to faster and more accurate responses.
3768h agoTaste processing is a function of the loop between the amygdala and the gustatory cortex, where neurons that both influence and receive influence from each other are most strongly involved in processing taste.
3768h agoNeurons with unsegregated synapses are spread throughout the whole brain and have a strong influence on functional connectivity.
3768h agoAttention enhances and inattention suppresses the brain's visual cortical responses to competing inputs, according to a study using frequency-tagged fMRI.
3768h agoEach type of meditation produces distinct changes in brain connectivity, with Focused Attention Meditation reducing sensory inputs, Open Monitoring Meditation increasing top-down modulation, and Loving Kindness Meditation promoting inter-hemispheric symmetry and emotional balance.
3768h agoMicroglia influence retinal ganglion cell growth and maturation, and their activation in inflammatory conditions contributes to cell degeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for optic neuropathies.
3768h agoBrain aging involves loss of inhibitory cells, NMDA receptors, and spines that impairs cortical function, reduces spike rates, and alters EEG signals.
3768h agoTau pathology appears early in the olfactory system of PS19 mice, with aberrantly hyperphosphorylated tau detected at 1.5 months and tau pretangles at 6 months, and gene expression changes, including the upregulation of Gbp2b, occur in a region- and age-specific manner.
3768h agoXBP1s expression preserves retinal function during aging and Alzheimer's disease-related pathology by maintaining higher complexity levels and functional integrity.
3768h agoAnodal so-tDCS improves memory consolidation by enhancing interactions between the cortex and thalamus during non-rapid eye movement sleep, while cathodal so-tDCS has no effect.
3768h agoStimulus contrast does not change attention-driven attraction towards the attended location, supporting attention field models over Bayesian interpretation.
3768h agoTargeting PDGFRA-driven Cre-recombinase expressing human glial progenitor cells with capsid-modified adeno-associated viruses enables efficient brain-wide delivery of<|header_start|><|header_start|>assistant< Here is a rewritten single sentence summary: Targeting PDGFRA-driven cells with modified viruses enables efficient brain-wide delivery of human glial cells with minimal off-target infection.
3768h agoALS progression involves V1 inhibitory interneuron dysregulation, which disrupts flexor-extensor coordination and contributes to selective vulnerability of flexor motoneurons, and the timing of synaptic stabilization interventions determines their effectiveness in rescuing motor output.
3768h agoChildren learning math in a second language have lower math performance and higher cognitive demands in certain brain areas than those learning in their first language.
3768h agoVisuospatial neglect after a stroke is linked to disrupted alpha brain oscillations and imbalance between the two brain hemispheres, which predicts attention deficits.
3768h agoNeuromuscular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease starts with changes in the sciatic nerve's proteins, and exercise or donepezil treatment can delay this dysfunction.
3768h agoA new Bayesian model that uses the human brain's functional structure accurately estimates brain activity sources and reduces incorrect predictions in noninvasive brain activity measurements.
3768h agoExcitatory neurons from the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus (LPGi) in the medulla make direct synaptic contacts onto lumbar spinal Shox2 interneurons, providing a possible link for the initiation of locomotion.
3768h agoThe neural processes involved in meter perception are driven by top-down attention that modulates anticipation of the meter structure, which in turn induces neural entrainment.
3768h agoA new molecule called 1D9-LIRΔTP53INP2 reduces tau levels and improves motor function in tauopathy models by clearing tau protein through the autophagy-lysosomal pathway.
3768h agoMachine learning analysis of EEG data reveals a time window and specific frequency range where brain activity related to facial sex processing can be decoded, differing between familiar and less familiar faces.
3768h agoNew methods, latenZy and latenZy2, estimate the onset of neural spiking responses and detect when spiking activity diverges between conditions without requiring arbitrary parameter choices, offering more precise, robust, sensitive, and powerful analysis of neural recordings.
3768h agoThe intrinsic dimension of neural activity manifolds can be reliably measured using a robust method called the full correlation integral (FCI) method, which provides a versatile tool for analyzing neural geometry.
3768h agoMicroglia drive neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease through the CASPASE-1/GSDMD pathway, leading to dopaminergic neuron degeneration and motor impairment.
3768h agoAnimals balance the energy cost of searching for food with the energy benefit of exploiting it, and a simple neural circuit helps them decide when to leave a food source to search for better options.
3768h agoCerebellar lesions impair the generation of temporal predictions in cross-modal stimulus processing, affecting the brain's ability to anticipate and process sensory events in a timely manner.
3768h agoObesogenic diets impair memory function through the brain's endocannabinoid system, specifically by overactivating type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) in the hippocampus, leading to impaired memory consolidation.
3768h agoThalamic connectivity and cortical plasticity develop together in humans.
3776h agoExcitatory neurons in different layers of the visual cortex encode visual and non-visual signals differently, with layer 2/3 neurons responding more to visual stimuli and layer 5 neurons responding more to movement.
3776h agoSex differences in gene expression in the human brain are highly patterned across cortical regions, cell types, and genes, with over 3,000 unique genes showing sex-biased expression.
3776h agoTransposon-based induction with Ascl1/Dlx2 yields pure GABAergic neurons that gain a proteomic profile of cortical interneuron subtypes and display typical GABAergic synaptic properties.
3776h agoRimonabant treatment changes the way genes are spliced in the brain cells of mice with Fragile X syndrome, which may help explain its beneficial effects.
3776h agoCalb1+ and Aldh1a1+ nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons regulate movement and motor learning, with Calb1+ neurons also modulating reward-based learning.
3776h agoThe medial ganglionic eminence gives rise to cortical interneurons that regulate cortical excitability, and a new protocol generates these cells from human stem cells in a reliable and large-scale way.
3776h agoDown syndrome causes widespread changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the brain, affecting metabolic and synaptic pathways, brain cell development, and leading to neuroinflammation.
3776h agoThe frontal cortex matures slowly, with neurons called IT-type undergoing more remodeling of their connections during adolescence than PT-type neurons, and immune cells called microglia may play a role in this process.
3776h agoAI models that perform better develop representations similar to those ofused in the human brain, even if they are not designed to mimic it.
3784h agoRecursive AI designs do not guarantee consciousness or moral status, despite their ability to model themselves functionally.
3784h agoAnimals maintain both grid and place representations in their brains to support planning, with place cells helping recall goal locations and grid cells enabling path forecasting to the goal.
3784h agoLarge language models can decode animal behavior from brain-wide neural activity when pre-trained on natural language data.
3784h agoThe proposed pairwise time-delayed transfer entropy method accurately infers the structural connectivity of complex networks by establishing a direct relationship between node coupling strengths and transfer entropy values.
3784h agoA new framework combines change point detection and time-delayed correlation coefficient methods to accurately reconstruct brain networks that undergo changes in structure and connectivity.
3784h agoConsciousness exists as a continuous, non-monotonic function across a high-dimensional neurochemical space, regulated by dopamine and modulated by serotonin.
3784h agoAI models trained on huge data sets lack the ability to continuously adapt to changing environments, unlike animals that rapidly adjust to new situations.
3784h agoCategory theory provides a formal basis for a theory of consciousness, showing that the six axiomatic properties of conscious states in Information Integration Theory follow from a universal mapping property.
3784h agoCortical cell types have distinct computational roles and cortical connectivity follows a few canonical blueprints, which are foundational principles for building models of cortical circuits.
3784h agoMild Cognitive Impairment patients have reduced adaptability in neural efficiency, processing speed, and task accuracy, which can be measured by alpha band coherence and global efficiency.
3784h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces like spheroids reveal that the dynamics of localized patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
3784h agoThe Average Action Efficiency (AAE) metric measures how well self-organizing systems convert noisy motion into efficient structure.
3784h agoA model proposes that quantum turbulence develops from the decay of vortex loops with an internal structure.
3784h agoA unified framework for analyzing dynamical systems uses generalized projection operators to decompose network fluxes and potentials, enabling the study of collective behavior in diverse systems, including circuits, biological networks, and particle swarms.
3784h agoHigher-order networks can capture group effects more directly than pairwise models by formalizing various types of group interactions, and a typology can classify models of group interactions based on individual and group perspectives.
3784h agoA new approach enables parallel computing to study non-linear dynamics in large networks of coupled oscillators using a variety of computing resources, without requiring users to have parallel programming skills.
3784h agoA Miura transformation links the generalized super modified Korteweg-de Vries equation to the generalized super KdV equation, revealing relationships between several super KdV and modified KdV equations.
3784h agoA method to construct high-order polynomial approximate invariants for non-integrable Hamiltonian dynamical systems uses iterative calculations to minimize fluctuations and enlarge stable regions of long-term motions.
3784h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces like spheroids reveal that the dynamics of localized patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
3784h agoTreeDOX, a tree-based approach, forecasts the temporal evolution of chaotic systems without needing hyperparameter tuning.
3784h agoExclusion statistics and interactions in one-dimensional fluids favor the formation of defects and reduce ground-state fidelities and echo amplitudes when the fluid is driven through a gapless point.
3784h agoThe evolution of two-point correlation functions in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model shows strong superdiffusion at early times, followed by a crossover to normal diffusion, with the final state depending on the level of nonintegrability.
3784h agoA discontinuous percolation transition emerges in a bipartite network when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, forming a single macroscopic cluster that contains a finite fraction of nodes.
3784h agoVector Hopfield networks shrink their retrieval phase and lose critical capacity as spin dimension increases, but gain ability to denoise corrupted inputs up to large capacities.
3784h agoThe temperature dependences of enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy coincide in the supercooled liquid range for three metallic alloys, anding the evolution from liquid-like to crystal-like structural order.
3784h agoDisorder acts as insulation, preventingting edge localisation for small imaginary gauge potentials in one-dimensional disordered block subwavelength resonator systems with nonreciprocal damping.
3784h agoThe quantum Mpemba effect shows that initially hotter quantum systems can cool faster than colder ones, and this phenomenon is connected to symmetry breaking and restoration in closed quantum many-body systems.
3784h agoThe Aharanov-Bohm conductance oscillations and perfectly transmitted mode persist in amorphous topological nanowires at low energies and moderate amorphicity.
3784h agoThermal avalanches in amorphous solids have a complex structure, with fast localized cascades linked by slow, long-range facilitation.
3784h agoStatistical mechanics provides techniques to solve inverse problems by inferring model parameters from available data, using methods such as Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Pseudo-Likelihood, and Mean-Field approaches.
3784h agoLight irradiation improves the spin thermoelectric performance of ferromagnetic helical systems by inducing spin-split transmission features and suppressing thermal conductance.
3784h agoThe eigenstates of a chaotic system encode the full spatiotemporal anatomy of quantum chaos, including the butterfly effect and information lightcone, through statistical correlations among sets of eigenstates.
3784h agoThe reentrant localization transition in a one-dimensional system results from the interplay between a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic potential, and is driven by the modulation of mirror symmetry by the periodic phase factor.
3784h agoDelocalization in quantum systems can occur through a new mechanism involving the imaginary part of velocity, allowing for collective physical properties like correlation and entanglement to remain delocalized even when single-particle eigenstates are localized.
3784h agoMachine learning models fail when data distributions at test time differ from those during training.
3784h agoPtbp1 is dispensable for retinal development and its proposed role as a central repressor of neurogenesis needs reevaluation.
3784h agoAxoMetric software rapidly and accurately quantifies regenerated axons in nerve tissue sections, enabling comparison of treatment efficacy and identification of effective therapies.
3784h agoPiccolo regulates astrocyte secretion of extracellular matrix components, which is essential for proper synapse formation and neuronal network activity.
3784h agoAttentional switching between two competing speech streams involves asymmetric disengagement and engagement processes, where neural tracking of the new target stream emerges before disengaging from the previous target.
3784h agoMotor skill learning through practice and through transfer or generalization share similar neural representations in the sensorimotor cortex, but have distinct, mechanism-dependent codes.
3784h agoThe Bayesian causal inference framework effectively explains how past, present, and future sensory inputs are integrated to influence perception in the audiovisual rabbit illusion.
3784h agoBrain activity varies across different ages, with changes in low-frequency fluctuations and synchrony dynamics from childhood to older adulthood.
3784h agoRamping activity in prefrontal and striatal neurons estimates time, rather than anticipating reward or regulating movements.
3784h agoPrior information enhances sensory processing and decision-making in healthy individuals, but individuals with psychosis rely more on pre-existing biases and show diminished sensory gain.
3784h agoAnimals maintain both grid and place cell representations to support planning, with place cells helping recall goal locations from sensory cues and grid cells enabling planning of paths to those locations.
3784h agoMultiparametric MRI detects structural and biochemical changes in the spinal cord as early as one week after a dorsal nerve root injury.
3784h agoReward processing and social cognition rely on neural functions in the brain that are similar across cultures.
3784h agoLoss of Golf protein in certain brain cells disrupts motor behavior and responses to drugs, with different effects seen when Golf is lost in cells expressing D1 or A2A receptors.
3784h agoMoMo, a novel visualization framework, enables interactive analysis of neuron morphology-aware motifs in large connectome graphs, integrating neuronal morphology and synaptic connectivity.
3784h agoNeural trajectories, created by the selective co-activation and timing of firing rates across neural populations, improve motor precision by providing information about the phase and amplitude of movement over time.
3784h agoCRTC1 interacts with other transcription factors, including MEF2C and RFX3, to regulate activity-dependent transcription in neurons.
3784h agoHigh-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) detects stronger inter-brain synchrony and more brain regions involved in social interactions than traditional fNIRS, especially during complex collaborative tasks.
3784h agoIncreased labile iron and lipid peroxidation, particularly of DHA, occur after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and correlate with cell death, but are later reduced by microglial/macrophage iron sequestration and neuronal antioxidant responses.
3784h agoThe brain compares sensory input with internal predictions to enable stable and accurate perception, and a comprehensive map of cell types and synaptic connections in the electrosensory lobe of weakly electric fish reveals how this process works.
3784h agoThe brain rapidly integrates artificial body extensions into its somatosensory representation through three distinct phases of plasticity as people wear and use the extensions.
3784h agoTimothy Syndrome causes changes in calcium channels in neurons, leading to altered neural activity and morphology, and associated with autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
3784h agoThirst motivates water seeking behavior, which is regulated by the NPF neuropeptide and its receptor NPFR, acting through specific neurons, including the L1-l neuron, to promote goal-oriented behavior in flies.
3784h agoThe timing of brain waves helps form memories, and pre-stimulus alpha power affects how well brain stimulation works to improve memory formation.
3784h agoInter-brain synchronization studies are often misled by differences in peak brain frequencies between individuals, but using amplitude envelope correlation provides more reliable connectivity estimates.
3784h agoThe clearance of amyloid-beta from the brain depends on receptor-mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier, and is affected by receptor number ratios and blood clearance rates.
3784h agoMisfolded alpha-synuclein accumulates and dopaminergic neurons are lost in Parkinson's disease, and patient-derived microglia can drive alpha-synuclein pathology in a new model of the disease.
3784h agoThe auditory system uses distinct spatial patterns of neural activity to represent the presence and termination of sound, but hearing loss disrupts this process, leading to abnormal sound processing.
3784h agoIntracerebroventricular delivery of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 achieves high and consistent levels of motor neuron transduction with minimal off-target effects.
3784h agoReaching performance toward targets is more precise with proprioceptive information, and combining auditory and proprioceptive information does not improve precision beyond proprioception alone.
3784h agoThe reverse end-to-side nerve transfer is less effective when done in a chronic nerve injury model compared to acute repair.
3784h agoThe BASP1/BASP1-AS1 axis regulates the balance between proliferation and neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma cells by integrating Wnt and Notch pathways.
3804h agoGrey matter loss in the hippocampus changes its functional connections with other brain areas during aging, particularly with the precuneus, cuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex.
3808h agoMild Cognitive Impairment patients have reduced adaptability in neural efficiency, processing speed, and task accuracy compared to healthy controls, which can be detected through alpha band coherence and global efficiency measures.
3808h agoSGD training causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and data to learn the same representations, up to a rotation, a phenomenon known as Perfectly Platonic.
3808h agoAI and neuroscience are continuing to grow together, with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases since the 1990s.
3808h agoA new framework uses nonlinear control theory and deep learning to understand how subsystems, such as brain areas, interact and control each other in complex biological systems.
3808h agoNeural correlations, including signal and noise correlations, play a critical role in sensory information coding, and large noise correlations are beneficial for coding even when aligned with signal correlations.
3808h agoMetacognitive experiences in artificial agents boost system performance and explainability, but a lack of standardization and inconsistent evaluations hinder progress.
3808h agoThe arcuate fasciculus in macaques and humans has different organization and connectivity, with the human version showing greater expansion into the middle temporal gyrus and stronger prefrontal and parietal operculum connectivity.
3808h agoThe solitons' local wave profile at the collision point scales as the sinc(x) function when their velocities are well separated and amplitudes are equal or randomly varied.
3808h agoThe transition to synchronization in adaptive multilayer networks with higher-order interactions depends on adaptation exponents, coupling strengths, and phase lag parameter, and can occur through continuous, tiered, or explosive transitions.
3808h agoNonreciprocally coupled fields are governed by dynamic models with zero, one, or two conservation laws, which can be derived from microscopic Ising models using the mean-field approximation.
3808h agoDark solitons in a curved Bose-Einstein condensate travel along a nearly constant angular trajectory, determined by the local curvature profile, and their dynamics remain predictable unless they cross areas of rapid curvature change.
3808h agoThe nonlinear dynamics of a broad-area vertical cavity surface-emitting laser involves competition between polarization modes with different transverse profiles, leading to additional bifurcations and routes to chaos.
3808h agoThe self-focusing of wave packets leads to a finite-time collapse of the solution, which can be formally regularized by a special solution related to the Painlev\'e-III equation.
3808h agoCosmological Frequency Combs, a new class of time-periodic attractor solutions, arise in scalar field cosmology and induce modulations in observables like the Hubble parameter and growth rate.
3808h agoWall-mode convection is a multiscale phenomenon where the dynamics of the bulk interior determine the small-scale dynamics within boundary layers at the sidewalls.
3808h agoNon-trivial topology protects chaotic dynamics within a lattice of nonlinear oscillators, allowing robust and enduring periodic behavior even in the presence of chaos.
3808h agoA soliton gas condensate forms as the number of solitons in a multi-soliton solution of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation grows to infinity.
3808h agoDynamically encoding an unknown frequency in a nonlinear quantum electromagnetic field improves frequency estimation by using quantum scrambling to spread local quantum information.
3808h agoTissue-scale spatial structure can make tumours more resilient to immunotherapy, and increased effector cell mobility can even increase this resilience.
3808h agoSimple chemical reaction mechanisms can implement optimal decision-making strategies, with a single rate constant tuning the system between always-staying and always-switching.
3808h agoThe physical action of random graphs follows a normal distribution as the graph becomes denser.
3808h agoThe unwrapped Wilson line method efficiently computes the bulk topological invariant in multiband systems, accurately capturing all topological edge states, including those overlooked by traditional invariants.
3808h agoMachine learning models, specifically Swin Transformers, can accurately predict crystal orientation maps from scanning transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns, enabling automated analysis of internal microstructures at the nanoscale.
3808h agoSGD training causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and data to learn the same representations, up to a rotation, a phenomenon known as Perfectly Platonic.
3808h agoWavefront shaping enhances optical sensitivity in diffuse optical imaging by creating interference patterns that boost light-matter interactions, allowing for deeper tissue penetration.
3808h agoA new optimization algorithm enables training deep neural networks with up to $10^6$ parameters to compute the ground state of interacting quantum matter, yielding improved variational energies and evidence for gapless quantum-spin-liquid phases in frustrated spin models.
3808h agoIncreasing kinetic terms in metallic systems with strong disorder unexpectedly reduces mobility, enhances localization, and can lead to re-entrant delocalization transitions.
3808h agoNeural networks with a large number of of hidden units but few compared to input data have a theory that predicts their performance on simple tasks.
3808h agoThe RS-BCS theory reveals that a Cooper-pair-glass state may exist in dirty superconductors when regions with opposite signs of interaction exist and the net interaction between electrons is close to zero.
3808h agoRadiant field theory calculates the distribution of transmission eigenvalues for coherent wave propagation in disordered media, capturing both quasiballistic and diffusive regimes.
3808h agoA new field-theoretic framework characterizes the distribution of transmission eigenvalues for wave propagation through disordered media, producing a transport equation that captures coherent effects and remains valid beyond the diffusive regime.
3808h agoThe measurement-induced phase transition in Clifford circuits is controlled by a classical percolation transition.
3808h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on coupled disordered transmons protects the qubit subspace from leakage excitations and effectively removes them through feedback-measurement or dissipation.
3808h agoTinnitus is linked to a dysfunction in the arousal system, which leads to lower levels of alertness and sustained attention abilities.
3812h agoParental exposure to intermittent hypoxia reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in offspring by passing on a neuroprotective effect through molecular adaptations in key pathways involved in survival and stress response.
3812h agoThe dimension of the brain's structural connectome influences its functionality and dynamic properties, varying across local and global scales, and relates to cognitive performance in both healthy and damaged brains.
3820h agoTransgenic mouse models help advance research on human neurodegenerative diseases by allowing precise study of brain and tissue changes, and specific protocols for extracting and dissecting neurological tissues improve the accuracy and reproducibility of research results.
3820h agoDrinking sparkling water helps reduce cognitive fatigue and preserve mental performance during long periods of esports play.
3820h agoLower BOLD signal variability is found in autism and schizophrenia compared to typical controls, and this reduced variability is linked to poorer social cognition, neurocognition, and social functioning.
3820h agoNeural networks encode information in two complementary spaces, feature identity and feature integration, and a new joint-training architecture can capture both patterns, leading to improved reconstruction and reduced errors.
3832h agoThe streamlined image analysis framework effectively correlates behavioral measures to anatomical measures on the cortex and detects regions of abnormal brain-behavior correlates by removing the effects of age and other variables.
3832h agoReject relations influence agent performance in stimulus equivalence formation, suggesting artificial neural networks may rely on associative strategies rather than stimulus equivalence.
3832h agoA patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a completely locked-in state communicated "Yes" or "No" answers to questions by controlling an electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface.
3832h agoEmotion categories do not map to specific brain patterns, and brain patterns vary greatly across individuals within an emotion category.
3832h agoSpiking neural networks can store a large number of stable, overlapping activity patterns with a direct correspondence to the original Hopfield model, allowing for linear scaling of storage capacity with the number of neurons.
3832h agoA mechanical system's contraction upon expansion enables low-frequency vibration isolation through a stiffness switching mechanism that countersnapping instability.
3832h agoQuantum Hamiltonians based on balanced, symmetric, bipartite graphs are Yang-Baxter integrable.
3832h agoThe study constructs two classes of integrable soliton hierarchies and derives their Hamiltonian structures using the Tu scheme and trace identity.
3832h agoChaoticus, a Python package, integrates ODE systems and computes chaos indicators on GPUs, reducing computation times by several orders of magnitude compared to CPU-based approaches.
3832h agoThe Hebbian Physics Network (HPN) uses local updates driven by conservation law violations to learn and model complex physical systems without global optimization.
3832h agoThe swinging Atwood machine has an exact solution for its motion over time, with its trajectories forming teardrop-heart orbits that are isochronous with respect to the launch angle.
3832h agoDynamical modes from Continuous Glucose Monitoring data detect meal events by capturing key aspects of glucose variability.
3832h agoA new random graph model, inspired by assembly theory, generates graphs with diverse properties, including a broad range of summary statistics, that are enabled by historical contingencies during the generative process.
3832h agoStable composite vortex solitons exist in a three-dimensional photonic crystal with third-harmonic generation, featuring spatial patterns of vortex, quadrupole, and anti-vortex structures.
3832h agoA data-driven method using an autoencoder generates initial guesses for unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems, allowing for quick convergence to these orbits through variational convergence algorithms.
3832h agoQuasi-Newton algorithms fail to select stable evolution paths in brittle thin films without exact second variation information, but a spectral stability criterion can improve path-following accuracy.
3832h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation to study soliton collisions, but standard PINNs fail to conserve laws during collisions, and conservative PINNs are then used to obtain solutions that satisfy these laws.
3832h agoThe Bennett profile's nonlinearity can be transferred to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a vortical flow that remains unchanged in current density and meets the validity criterion for a shear-flow stabilized Z-pinch under certain temperature profile constraints.
3832h agoNon-integrable quantum field theories exhibit chaotic behavior with energy eigenvalues matching predictions of random matrix theory, whereas integrable theories show Poisson behavior.
3832h agoTemperature chaos in spin glasses arises from reentrance, where a drop in temperature causes a system to shift from a ferromagnetic phase to a less ordered phase.
3832h agoA new training framework called gradient-optimized neuroevolution potentials (GNEP) improves the efficiency of machine-learning interatomic potentials while maintaining accuracy and physical interpretability.
3832h agoNeural networks with a large number of hidden units have a general theory that predicts their performance on simple input-output distributions, using a small number of weight statistics to express typical performance.
3832h agoProbabilistic Graphical Models outperform Graph Neural Networks when input features are low-dimensional or noisy, and are more robust to increasing graph heterophily.
3832h agoCrystallization in bidisperse granular materials enhances the diffusion length, a key parameter controlling flow behavior, and is linked to local structural organization and pressure gradients.
3832h agoThe study finds that shot noise is strongly suppressed at the Kondo destruction quantum critical point in a heavy-fermion strange metal.
3832h agoLocalized states emerge naturally in disorder-free hypercube graphs, and can be systematically constructed and robustly maintained, offering a clearer understanding of many-body localization phenomena.
3832h agoThe Penalty Ensemble Method (PEM) helps reduce the impact of uncertainty in deep learning models on Monte Carlo sampling by changing the way the method accepts or rejects simulated configurations.
3832h agoLarge-scale neurodevelopmental MRI studies face tradeoffs between sample size and quality control that dramatically affect results.
3840h agoPragmatic development in adolescents is linked to changes in brain activity in areas outside of the language network, with young adolescents and adults with low pragmatic skills tending to over-interpret direct speech acts as potentially indirect.
3840h agoInfluenza A virus infection causes neuronal damage and triggers hallmarks of neurodegeneration, including changes in TDP-43, in the absence of persistent viral protein expression.
3840h agoThe group technical effects (GTE) metric identifies genes that contribute most to batch effects in single-cell data and their removal helps mitigate these effects.
3848h agoIntroducing hemispheric-specific coupling into a neural mass model improves the correlation between simulated and real brain activity.
3856h agoAutistic young adults have more random and less stably connected neural dynamics than neurotypical peers, with distinct patterns of brain organization that may reflect adaptations to sensory inputs.
3856h agoFixed points of recurrent neural networks store and generate information through the Boltzmann-Gibbs measure, leading to a neural Langevin machine that can sample and learn from real datasets.
3856h agoA transformer-based model trained on fNIRS signals accurately assesses procedural skills across tasks, individuals, and conditions, achieving over 88% classification accuracy and generalizing to new procedures with minimal labeled data.
3856h agoSequences of Large Language Model representations do not show indicators of consciousness phenomena, but they do exhibit intriguing patterns under certain analyses.
3856h agoA new method called HST quantizes brain states and transitions into a hierarchical structure, offering a promising framework for characterizing brain dynamics and analyzing metastability.
3856h agoA new brain foundation model called CSBrain can better decode brain activity from EEG signals by capturing the different patterns that occur at various times and locations in the brain.
3856h agoA neuro-symbolic framework uses local learning to build language structure from scratch, generating synthetic languages with coherent internal morphology similar to human language.
3856h agoMuscle recordings and deep learning can decode spinal motor neuron activity in real time with high accuracy, offering a promising non-invasive approach to estimate some neural activity from the central nervous system.
3856h agoThe visual cortex processes beauty in similar ways in humans and marmosets, with both species showing a high degree of functional similarity in visual processing and shared patterns of information processing.
3856h agoThe relationship between cognition and computation is key to advancing brain-inspired AI, and researchers classify this relationship into four categories to understand how cognition and computation interact.
3856h agoDepression can be assessed through various human behaviors, including brain activities, verbal and non-verbal behaviors, using machine learning models for automatic depression assessment.
3856h agoMachines currently process information in a way that seems intelligent but lack a sense of self, and a new artificial intelligence paradigm called BriSe AI aims to build human-level intelligence by incorporating a self-organized framework that mimics human self-awareness.
3856h agoThe geometrical properties of neural representations relate to task performance in continuous decoding tasks, with analysis revealing a phase transition in training error and a double-descent phenomenon in generalization error.
3856h agoNeural models struggle to capture how climate systems respond to external changes, even when they accurately reproduce current climate patterns.
3856h agoNonlocal coupling enables control of collective stochastic dynamics in coherence resonance by enhancing or suppressing the effect through adjusting the coupling radius.
3856h agoBreather-to-soliton transitions and nonlinear wave interactions are investigated for a higher-order modified Gerdjikov-Ivanon equation, revealing different types of converted waves and their interactions.
3856h agoFinite size effects drive the Kuramoto model with inertia toward a synchronized state at finite coupling, which contrasts with predictions made for the same system in the thermodynamic limit.
3856h agoA material point moving on a sphere in a constant magnetic field has equations of motion that can be represented in a Lax form and proven integrable using first integrals of degree one and two.
3856h agoMulti-lump waves in a water wave model are non-interacting and form different geometrical patterns.
3856h agoCusp bifurcations in max-plus dynamical systems are characterized by piecewise linear representations, and their behavior can be examined through graph analysis.
3856h agoRepetitive curling of the Navier-Stokes equation leads to a higher-order diffusion equation, which can be used to form the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation with soliton solutions.
3856h agoAttractive potential wells arranged in a triangular lattice produce a rich variety of diffusive behaviors, including quasiballistic transport and tongue-like structures in parameter space.
3856h agoScientists identified indicators and precursors that can predict regime changes in intermittent systems, and found a correlation between Lyapunov vectors and regime changes in five different systems.
3856h agoA novel method based on eigenvalue tracking and Floquet Multipliers can quantify system stability directly from diverse data, without needing to remove trends and seasonality.
3856h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
3856h agoThe study develops simulation methods to investigate protein dynamics within heterogeneous cell membranes, where temperature and concentration variations affect biological mechanisms.
3856h agoThe Bureau-Guillot systems with Painlevé transcendent coefficients are birationally equivalent, and one related system can be transformed into a Hamiltonian system called the cubic Bureau Hamiltonian system.
3856h agoIntroducing hemispheric-specific coupling into a neural mass model improves the correlation between simulated and real brain activity.
3856h agoThe magnetic geodesic flow on the standard sphere is Liouville integrable with quadratic and linear integrals in momenta.
3856h agoA thermodynamic formalism ranks chemical reaction network pathways based on a cost function that includes maintenance and restriction costs, which decrease as reactions supporting throughput current are added.
3856h agoThe thermalization of a classical light beam occurs in three dimensions with space and time through a combination of strong transverse confinement and continuous temporal degrees of freedom.
3856h agoThe study of q-state Potts models on a two-dimensional square lattice finds that cyclic changes in phases and coexisting wave modes appear at low and high flipping energies, and dynamic modes with skipping states emerge for certain q values.
3856h agoNon-topological solitons in two-dimensional conformal field theory have a trivial spectrum of linear perturbations with only symmetry-related zero modes.
3856h agoInformation scrambling occurs in an open quantum system, as shown by interferometric measurements of out-of-time-ordered correlators, which reveal ballistic spreading of information in certain situations.
3856h agoThe study finds that Ruelle-Pollicott resonances in magnetization-conserving qubit circuits reflect diffusive transport of magnetization, allowing extraction of the diffusion constant, and reveals a continuum of eigenvalues governing non-exponential decay.
3856h agoThe study of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equations in an ideal fluid with irrotational motion yields families of traveling wave solutions, including solitary and periodic solutions.
3856h agoNumerical simulations show that a ring topology achieves a high level of complete synchronization using Terahertz modeling.
3856h agoA physics-embedded convolutional neural network enables on-demand control over spectro-temporal features of supercontinuum generation, achieving few-cycle pulse shaping without external compressors.
3856h agoA random configuration of N soliton solutions to the cubic focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger equation converges to a soliton gas solution as N increases.
3856h agoA novel bound for the Gross-Pitaevskii equations is presented, which relates the energy to two boundary terms, one connected to vorticity and the other to configuration skewness.
3856h agoA Bayesian framework estimates the model parameters of coupled oscillator models using time series data of the Kuramoto order parameter.
3856h agoThe Semantic Theory of Evolution grounds on physical theories of meaningful information, suggesting that arbitrary communication codes enable the emergence of novelties and a greater variety of potential life forms.
3856h agoThe Lund-Regge evolution of space curves is represented in the Frenet frame, aligning with the Lax system of the Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge equation.
3856h agoA new model of collective behavior shows that cohesive groups can form through alignment-based interactions when individuals predict and adjust to their future neighbors' movements.
3856h agoThe duplication-divergence interaction principle shapes the structure of networks into sparse graphs with specific traits.
3856h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave through nonlinear Landau damping and wave-wave interactions, with different effects seen for positively and negatively charged debris.
3856h agoElectron transport becomes possible in a one-dimensional disordered chain when correlations between on-site interaction and tunneling integrals are present for certain combinations of parameters.
3856h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
3856h agoThe spatial photonic Ising machine can efficiently implement a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems with spatially convolutional structures without needing complex multiplexing.
3856h agoThe lifetime of quantum information can scale exponentially with system size when the environment is continuously monitored, but grows at most linearly or remains constant without monitoring.
3856h agoFixed points of recurrent neural networks store and generate information through the Boltzmann-Gibbs measure, leading to a neural Langevin machine that can sample and learn from real datasets.
3856h agoA highly disordered fractal MgO/MgB2 nanocomposite with isotropic pinning exhibits bulk-like superconducting properties due to strong intergranular coupling and atomically clean interfaces.
3856h agoThe geometrical properties of neural representations relate to task performance in continuous decoding tasks, with analysis revealing a phase transition in training error and a double-descent phenomenon in generalization error.
3856h agoBond dissipation can cause localization in a one-dimensional homogeneous system, and the initial localization characteristics of the system influence the localization properties of the non-equilibrium steady state.
3856h agoExploiting quantum resources such as entanglement allows surpassing the standard quantum limit for estimating a magnetic probe field, and using a long-range many-body quantum spin chain as a quantum sensor provides a threefold benefit in precision and robustness.
3856h agoRidge regression displays surprising behaviors, similar to those of deep neural networks, and provides a model system for understanding high-dimensional machine learning.
3856h agoA framework based on coherent information provides a way to study both computational and erasure errors in quantum error correcting codes, allowing for the derivation of statistical mechanics mappings and optimal thresholds for various codes.
3856h agoThe transition from elastic to viscous regimes in Weyl semimetals shows that the Hall angle in the viscous regime is suppressed compared to the elastic regime when the intrinsic conductivity is finite.
3856h agoThe probability distribution of the singular values of the product of two large matrices with Gaussian entries is derived for different parameter regimes.
3856h agoScale invariant scattering theory provides exact access to magnetic and spin glass properties of two-dimensional statistical systems with quenched disorder, yielding magnetic and spin glass renormalization group fixed points.
3856h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
3856h agoVariational quantum algorithms built from analog quenches of a disordered Ising chain retain trainability longer when initialized in a many-body-localized phase than in a thermalized phase.
3856h agoThe eigenvalue spectrum of $XY^\dagger$ is analysed for its support when $X$ and $Y$ are rectangular matrices with jointly Gaussian and independent entries.
3856h agoIodine-enhanced micro-CT imaging enables high-resolution assessment of hematoma evolution, hemolysis, ventricular enlargement, and chronic brain lesions in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.
3868h agoSephin1 protects oligodendrocytes, improves long-term neurological function, and alleviates white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting oligodendrocyte apoptosis, promoting oligodendrocyte proliferation, and reducing neuroinflammation.
3868h agoAcute hyperglycemia causes vascular luminal injury, leading to blood-brain barrier disruption, severe brain damage, and poor outcomes in stroke patients by triggering a metabolic-complement-vascular axis.
3868h agoPower Pixels combines several tools into one pipeline to simplify the processing of neuronal data from Neuropixels probes, covering steps from raw data to single neuron activity.
3868h agoHuman brain specialization partly stems from regulation of gene expression, and specifically, human-like CLOCK gene expression in mice improves cognitive flexibility and neural connectivity.
3872h agoA neural network approach based on transition-path theory uncovers transition pathways that are consistent with committor analysis, resolving competing mechanisms across different dynamical regimes and improving the modeling of rare events in biomolecular systems.
3872h agoOrganADR, an associative-learning-enhanced model, predicts adverse drug reactions at the organ level to improve medication safety.
3872h agoThe brain's processing of a stimulus depends on whether it is predictable or surprising, with some brain cells changing their preferred stimulus features depending on the context.
3876h agoGamma motoneurons have distinct properties that enable rapid activation and proprioceptive signalling, including low recruitment thresholds and high firing rates, which are supported by specific intrinsic mechanisms such as lower membrane capacitance, higher input resistance, and a sodium pump-mediated ultra-slow afterhyperpolarization.
3876h agoThe thousand-brains system, a model of the neocortex, uses learning and inference algorithms to make predictions, find associations between objects, and infer causes of sensory data.
3880h agoMotor cortex activity is spatially organized to support reach-to-grasp movements, with separate areas involved in reaching and grasping.
3880h agoPeople effectively integrate information from different sources over time to make decisions, and the way they combine information changes depending on whether the sources are the same or different.
3880h agoFetal sleep patterns provide insights into early brain maturation and can help detect signs of neurological compromise due to fetal hypoxia or growth restriction.
3880h agoThe relationship between cognition and computation is key to advancing brain-inspired AI, and this relationship can be classified into four categories that highlight the contrast between global-first cognition and local-first computation.
3880h agoParkinson's disease patients' pain fluctuations can be predicted by biomarkers in the bilateral subthalamic nucleus, specifically gamma and beta bands on the opposite side and delta and theta bands on the same side.
3880h agoFinite-size fluctuations sustain synchronization in the Kuramoto model below the critical coupling strength, where classical mean-field theories predict complete asynchrony.
3880h agoThe Swift-Hohenberg equation with spatially periodic coefficients generates patterns in the form of a Bloch wave modulated by solutions of a Ginzburg-Landau type equation through a Turing bifurcation.
3880h agoThe looping pendulum phenomenon, where a lighter bob supports a heavier bob, is explained by derived differential equations that match experimental results, showing a logarithmic curve fit between mass ratio and vertical distance travelled.
3880h agoAn integrable extended 3-site Bose-Hubbard model with nearest-neighbour interactions exists for a certain choice of coupling parameters, and its energy spectrum and eigenstates can be obtained through a Bethe Ansatz procedure.
3880h agoReservoir Computing can accurately predict rogue wave dynamics from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a challenging Hamiltonian system, by learning from breather simulations and generalizing to new, unseen data.
3880h agoEntanglement between collective excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate is observed, demonstrating that vacuum fluctuations seeded the parametric growth of quasiparticles with opposite momenta.
3880h agoA novel approach reconstructs likely routes taken by people displaced due to climate hazards and conflict, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying displacement patterns and informing proactive responses.
3880h agoTree-grass coexistence in savannas happens because trees help grasses through shading and grasses compete with trees for water, leading to stable patterns of trees and grasses under harsh environmental conditions.
3880h agoQuantum reservoir computers are robust tools for learning and forecasting chaotic dynamics from time-series data and can learn invariant properties such as Lyapunov spectra and attractor dimensions.
3880h agoBiological systems adaptively control their connection to external energy sources, and this adaptability leads to emergent behavior where structure formation and non-equilibrium drive coevolve.
3880h agoSmall quantum gate perturbations can enhance performance in quantum machine learning by serving as a natural source of data augmentation.
3880h agoDistributed neural architectures learn to allocate computation and communication patterns based on the content and context of each token or patch, and can be competitive with dense baselines while achieving compute efficiency and parameter sharing.
3880h agoFeature-learning deep nets collapse data to a regular low-dimensional geometry through the collective action of factors like nonlinearity and noise.
3880h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, which describes spin glass systems, is extended into a mixed p-spin glass model that includes higher-order interactions among spins, and its equation of states is derived.
3880h agoThe study uses simulations to examine collective excitations in fluid hydrogen during a molecular-to-atomic fluid transition at 2500K, finding a plateau in sound speed and suggesting a dynamic model of chemical reacting mixture should be applied in this region.
3880h agoAlzheimer's disease-like pathology reduces brain energy production and impairs potassium regulation, and anesthetic exposure further suppresses energy production and worsens potassium regulation.
3880h agoA systematic protocol helps identify clinical brain MRI scans with limited imaging pathology, allowing these scans to be repurposed for brain research and increasing sample size and replicability in neurodevelopmental imaging studies.
3880h agoCa2+ transferred from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria through IP3 receptors enhances mitochondrial ATP production in response to neuronal activity.
3880h agoThe brain interleaves replay of familiar and novel memories during slow-wave sleep, allowing new memories to be embedded into existing memories without interference.
3880h agoTRPML3 induces autophagy and regulates neuronal gene expression by downregulating genes during serum starvation and upregulating genes responsible for axon guidance, synaptogenesis, and dendritic arborization under normal conditions.
3880h agoThe vomeronasal system of the Iberian mole has a unique anatomy and molecular features, including a circular lumen, uniform sensory epithelium, and alternative mechanisms for semiochemical entry.
3880h agoAlpha-synuclein fibril growth can be inhibited by compounds that bind to the fibril ends, and two dimethoxyphenyl piperazine analogs show potent inhibition of fibril growth in vitro.
3880h agoPhase cycle inversion can identify the origin of out-of-voxel signals, enabling optimization of crusher gradients to improve their suppression.
3880h agoThe scolopidium, a mechanosensory unit, is activated best by stretch along the ciliary axis, which helps insects detect proprioception, vibration, and sound.
3880h agoSchema congruency affects how events are integrated into memory and influence decision-making, with schema-congruent events integrated during encoding and schema-incongruent events relying on retrieval-based inference.
3880h agoFasting and caloric restriction increase the production of the hormone ADIOL, which acts on the nervous system to reduce levels of a neuroactive metabolite linked to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, and enhancing ADIOL signaling improves healthspan indicators during aging.
3880h agoWalking at slower speeds leads to greater immediate responses in gait parameters to optic flow perturbations, while adaptations to prolonged exposure are larger at faster speeds.
3880h agoThe visual working memory reorganizes spatial representations in the brain, recruiting a larger part of the visual cortex than during perception, to flexibly store objects.
3880h agoEarly-life seizures and developmental delay in SCN2A-DEE are driven by hippocampal CA3 hyperexcitability, which is characterized by transient neuronal hyperexcitability and accelerated maturation of hippocampal networks.
3880h agoElevated entropy production in inflamed tissue environments modulates the activation threshold of TRPV1 thermosensitive ion channels, leading to a downward shift in the activation temperature.
3880h agoForgetting in flies consists of a decrease in the ability to use a memory to guide behavior, rather than a loss of the memory itself.
3880h agoPeople rely more on proprioception from the triceps surae muscle to control posture when their vision is blocked.
3880h agoHeterogeneity, short-term plasticity, and stochasticity in the CA1 network each have distinct effects on cellular information transmission.
3880h agoLoss of TDP-43 function leads to inclusion of aberrant exons, which are often degraded through nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and targeting these exons may provide new therapeutic options for TDP-43-related neurodegenerative disorders.
3880h agoSORLA upregulation reverses pathological effects in aged mouse brain, including tau phosphorylation, synapse loss, and neuroinflammation, and protects against tau toxicity.
3880h agoThe postrhinal cortex (POR) and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) have different spatial reference frames during place navigation, with POR neurons adjusting to visual landmarks and MEC neurons staying aligned with the global reference frame.
3880h agoPeople can transfer motor skills across tools and contexts, and training with an extra robotic thumb improves performance across various tasks and body postures.
3880h agoExposure to a synthetic cannabinoid in adolescence leads to long-term behavioral and neurochemical changes, including increased aggression and reduced social interaction, in adult mice.
3880h agoCalcium signals in fly olfactory receptor neurons reliably represent spike activity and can be used as a proxy for it.
3880h agoMice with targeted photothrombotic ischemia in the sensory thalamus develop persistent spontaneous pain behaviors, including facial grimace, and changes in brain cells, providing a new model to study central post-stroke pain.
3880h agoThe visual system switches the response polarity of ON and OFF neurons dynamically to detect image contrast, and EAAT5 glutamate transporters at photoreceptor terminals make this switch happen.
3880h agoReactivating a consolidated memory can protect it from degradation by competing learning, but only if the competing memory is not consolidated.
3880h agoEthanol causes widespread brain cell death in early development, but this effect declines as the brain matures, and changes in a complex manner with age and cell type when a gene called Myt1l is partially impaired.
3880h agoPersonalized brain stimulation, guided by individual brain function and a neural network-based decoder, improves working memory performance when optimal stimulation frequencies are used.
3880h agoMycobacterium tuberculosis lipid extract and its component sulfolipid-1 directly activate nociceptive neurons to induce cough by engaging Galphaq/11 coupled pathways to release intracellular calcium.
3880h agoFamiliarity with faces influences how the brain processes facial features, including sex, and previous studies' findings on decoding facial sex may have been affected by the experimental methods used.
3900h agoPrenatal cannabis exposure and psychosocial stress during pregnancy impair maternal behavior and have lasting effects on offspring neurodevelopment, with cannabis and stress having additive effects on anxiety-like behavior and gene expression changes in adolescent offspring.
3900h agoEmotional intensity in dreams increases throughout the night, with late-night dreams being more emotional than earlier ones, and this increase is not specifically linked to REM sleep.
3900h agoThe stimulation of one side of the olfactory system can activate the other side through a dopamine-driven mechanism that helps to balance the input from the two sides.
3900h agoIndividual neurons can sustain persistent firing on their own, challenging the traditional view that recurrent synaptic networks are responsible for retaining information in the brain.
3900h agoLight pulses during the biological night induce sleep, and this effect requires histamine neurotransmission in mice.
3900h agoThe vomeronasal system in wapiti is highly developed and functionally specialized, playing a critical role in mediating social and reproductive behaviors through a complex anatomical and neurochemical organization.
3900h agoThe basolateral amygdala complex and perirhinal cortex play different roles in attention, with the basolateral amygdala complex involved in focal attention to novel or familiar stimuli paired with danger, and the perirhinal cortex involved in peripheral attention to familiar stimuli indirectly paired with danger.
3900h agoMaternal infection during pregnancy upregulates the protein Lcn2 in the fetal brain, and Lcn2 plays a critical role in normal brain development, with its deletion causing deficits in social behavior and increased repetitive behavior.
3900h agoBlocking VCAM1 or VLA4 after a stroke prevents cognitive decline in mice by restoring blood vessel structure and function.
3900h agoMethylphenidate modulates brain function by acting on dopamine transporter, and changes in dopamine levels in certain brain areas relate to its effects on neural signaling.
3904h agoParvalbumin interneurons change their response to whisker stimuli during experience-dependent plasticity, showing increased activity in response to spared whiskers in deprived areas, which in turn suppresses the activity of other nearby neurons.
3904h agoEarly life stress increases sensitivity to alcohol's stimulatory effects in females and reduces sensitivity to its sedative effects in males, leading to increased risk of developing alcohol use disorder.
3908h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be engineered to generate astrocyte progenitor cells that survive, integrate into the spinal cord, and show no signs of tumors or adverse effects when transplanted.
3908h agoBreathing rhythm improves visual perception by boosting brain activity and bodily arousal during inspiration, and people adapt their breathing to align with expected visual stimuli to enhance performance.
3908h agoNeural stem cells secrete a specific extracellular matrix that induces quiescence in response to BMP4, and this process is sustained by YAP and TAZ through preservation of the physical niche.
3908h agoThe brain extracts meaning from imperfect input by integrating information across space and time to create stable concept-level representations.
3908h agoCortex glial subtypes in different brain regions differentially regulate seizure susceptibility, with specific subtypes able to suppress or induce seizures depending on their location.
3908h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation enhances decision-making by increasing the efficiency of evidence accumulation, particularly in contexts where performance is initially low.
3908h agoThe brain detects regular patterns between heartbeats and sounds, leading to pupil adaptation and increased brain activity when the two are synchronized.
3908h agoSensory prediction errors drive motor learning, and task performance errors do not affect this type of learning.
3908h agoPlasticity at long-range GABAergic synapses is linked with higher-order cognitive functions, and specifically, learning new rules strengthens these synapses, which enables flexible behavior.
3908h agoThe brain's resonant oscillations, such as Alpha rhythms, are primarily nonlinear, whereas its non-oscillatory activity is mostly linear.
3908h agoThe basal ganglia use a modular organization with reciprocal inhibition to coordinate complex behaviors by sequentially activating different modules that control specific actions.
3908h agoDiversity in neural response properties improves the efficiency of the population code for perception by separating out representations for distinct stimuli.
3908h agoTDP-43 and ANXA11 proteins aggregate together in certain brain diseases, forming a new type of proteinopathy called TDP-43 and ANXA11 proteinopathy (TAP), which has three subtypes with distinct clinical and neuropathologic features.
3908h agoDifferent retinal ganglion cells send visual information from the retina to various brain targets, and a new high-throughput approach can investigate projections, physiology, and structure-function relationships of these cells in a single experiment.
3908h agoAdolescent opioid use does not appear to increase physiological and behavioral responses to sickness later in life.
3908h agoFatigue in patients with Multiple Sclerosis is linked to different brain activity patterns in the Striato-Thalamo-Cortical network and the fronto-parietal cortex compared to healthy controls.
3908h agoNeuropeptide signaling, specifically through SIFamide, drives brainwide developmental activity cycles by modulating the activity of specific neurons, which in turn refine synaptic connections in the developing brain.
3908h agoAlzheimer's Disease disrupts neural circuits vital for memory and cognition by causing abnormal neural activity, particularly near amyloid plaques, leading to impaired learning and recall.
3916h agoChildren with minimally verbal autism spectrum disorder can detect simple visual objects, but struggle with more complex visual tasks and may have atypical ways of using visual information to guide their behavior.
3920h agoThe amygdala neurons projecting to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex play a specific role in signaling the outcomes of a choice, which is crucial for contingent learning.
3920h agoThe brain's frontal cortex processes visual and auditory information in distinct areas that dynamically adapt to changing contexts, allowing for flexible integration of multisensory inputs.
3920h agoHuman astrocytes enter a reactive state with inflammatory changes when exposed to injury or disease, and they can return to a normal state within days once the stimulus is removed, but long-term exposure can lead to the presentation of antigens.
3920h agoFemale Aedes aegypti mosquitoes undergo behavioral reprogramming during egg development, transitioning from inactivity to active searching for egg-laying sites at night, a process regulated by the circadian clock gene cycle.
3920h agoThe brain's resting state has a high level of neurocognitive activity, called resting memory, which helps with self-referential thinking and enables a smooth transition to working memory when relevant outside information is detected.
3920h agoSepsis causes severe metabolic dysfunction in the cerebellum, but treatment with mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles can restore energy metabolism and balance antioxidant pathways.
3920h agoThe study identified 154 endogenous neuropeptides and 28 O-linked glycosylated neuropeptides in the American lobster, providing a valuable resource for understanding crustacean neuromodulation and peptidergic signaling.
3920h agoThe triceps surae muscles can be independently controlled to suit different tasks, with each muscle showing distinct activation patterns and tuning its activity differently with center of pressure movement during balance tasks.
3928h agoThe novel BELIEFS framework flexibly infers others' strategies and reasons about their mental states, outperforming existing models in predicting human behavior in interactive games.
3928h agoInteroceptive and exteroceptive inputs are processed through two independent mechanisms: one that allocates neural resources to either internal bodily signals or the external world, and another that combines interoception and exteroception to determine the self-relevance of external signals.
3928h agoDepolarization of nociceptors activates a CaV1.2-dependent mechanism that leads to long-lasting modulation of nociceptor activity, resulting in reduced sensitivity to pain.
3928h agoThe ventral tectal longitudinal column (TLCv) has extensive connections with multiple auditory brainstem regions, including bilateral projections to the cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, and superior olivary complex.
3932h agoThe neocortex is organized along a sensorimotor-to-association axis, with primary sensorimotor areas at one end and transmodal association areas at the other, and this organization is shaped by competing processes of induction and exclusion driven by opposing transcriptional programs.
3936h agoEmotional vocabulary develops earlier and faster than general vocabulary across the lifespan, with emotional vocabulary reaching near adult levels by early adulthood and peaking about four years before general vocabulary.
3936h agoMutations in genes encoding synaptic proteins are associated with 1,266 diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, and contribute to a wide range of neurological, psychiatric, developmental, and systemic disorders.
3936h agoDrd1-Cre:dCas9-p300 mice display repetitive spinning behavior, hyperlocomotion, and enhanced reward learning, while Ador2a-Cre:dCas9-p300 mice show no changes in behavior, due to cell-type specific expression of dCas9-p300.
3936h agoThe auditory cortex connects with many brain regions beyond those involved in processing sound, and plays a role in cognitive and emotional functions such as multisensory integration, decision-making, and learning.
3936h agoSensory cortices maintain their ability to distinguish different sensory inputs regardless of behavioral engagement, while the hippocampus only effectively discriminates information when it is relevant to the task.
3936h agoA specific input from the anterior cingulate cortex to the retrosplenial cortex helps shape the hippocampal map to highlight rewarding locations, guiding adaptive behavior.
3936h agoThe claustrum plays a key role in initiating network states for cognitive control by activating task-dependent networks and influencing cognitive control nodes.
3940h agoFunctional connectivity inputs to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex from certain brain regions, such as the fronto-parietal and orbitofrontal cortices, distinguish individuals with depressive symptoms and comorbidities.
3940h agoThe NEural Analysis Toolkit (NEAT) implements classical algorithms to compute and simplify response properties of spatially extended neuron models, bridging the gap between single neuron computation and large-scale network analysis.
3940h agoFlexible control and motor adaptation share common neural resources, as shown by their interaction when changes in target structure and force fields occur together during movement.
3940h agoNewborns do not clearly mimic gestures like tongue protrusions when their caregivers do them, and caregivers' perceptions of their newborns' imitative behavior do not always match objective measures.
3940h agoThe study identifies over 30 cell clusters with distinct transcriptional differences linked to memory formation in the brain of chicks, including specific long non-coding RNAs and protein-coding genes that correlate with memory strength.
3940h agoTargeting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway reduces neuroinflammation and improves neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury.
3940h agoThe analysis of single-cell data reveals unbalanced batch effects across genes, and a new metric called group technical effects is proposed to quantify these gene-level batch effects.
3944h agoDogs with Canine Cognitive Dysfunction have distinct metabolic changes, including altered levels of certain lipids, steroids, and compounds related to inflammation and oxidative stress, that are similar to those found in humans with Alzheimer's disease.
3948h agoCATERPillar software generates realistic computer models of brain tissue, allowing for the simulation of diffusion MRI signals and the exploration of brain microstructure features.
3948h agoMeditation techniques have distinct neurodynamic profiles, but also share common features, with nonlinear features being key to distinguishing meditative from non-meditative states.
3948h agoA new method called SHRED maps neural activity from a small number of sensors to understand brain function and behavior across different organisms.
3948h agoBrain tissue stiffness varies across different physiological states and conditions, and a new imaging method called MR elastography can now map this stiffness throughout the brain without using an external device.
3948h agoPatients' own pain narratives can predict their readiness to engage in psychotherapy, with brief spoken stories carrying reliable signals of willingness to start psychosocial treatment.
3952h agoEnhancing the function of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) reduces procrastination by increasing the perceived value of task outcomes.
3952h agoA new method called "anonymized personalization" allows for creating personalized digital brain models that can be trained without using personal data and can make quick, personalized predictions.
3952h agoParkinson's disease patients' pain fluctuations can be predicted by biomarkers in the bilateral subthalamic nucleus, particularly in gamma and beta bands on one side and delta and theta bands on the other.
3952h agoThe science of consciousness may need to revise its fundamental assumptions, as current theories may not be sufficient to fully understand consciousness.
3952h agoBrain2Model Transfer Learning uses brain activity to train artificial neural networks, allowing them to converge faster and achieve higher predictive accuracy.
3952h agoThe convex formulation of the inverse reinforcement learning problem helps estimate an unknown reward function from expert demonstrations using a robust and reproducible approach.
3952h agoA two-step sequential heuristic solves the inverse problem of multi-armed bandits more robustly and quickly than other methods, achieving comparable performance to Monte Carlo methods in less time.
3952h agoThe brain represents expected uncertainty distributions through "higher-order" representations that reflect noisy estimation processes incorporating prior expectations about uncertainty.
3952h agoA four-dimensional integrable discrete dynamical system extends the autonomous form of a $q$-Painlev\'e I equation with symmetry of type $A_1^{(1)}$ and its integrability is established through conserved quantities and degree growth.
3952h agoDiscrete nonlinear Schrödinger models with competing nearest and next-nearest neighbor interactions have stationary states that exist only for a specific range of interaction ratios, and their stability depends exponentially on the coupling parameter.
3952h agoA family of network automaton models, called "Life-like network automata," provides a strong theoretical foundation as a topological generalisation of binary outer-totalistic cellular automata, and achieves over 90% success rate in solving the firing squad synchronisation problem.
3952h agoMoney promotes the formation of cooperative networks across human groups, but excessive liquidity can undermine this effect by distorting the value of money as a signal of past cooperation.
3952h agoInformation-theoretic quantities, such as transfer entropy, link to physically defined influence through a modified Vicsek model that calculates influence from angular interactions between particles.
3952h agoActive nematic systems, such as dense layers of microtubules, exhibit coherent flows and nonlinear behavior due to interactions among rod-like subunits, and their modeling requires the nematic locking principle, which states that individual microtubules cannot rotate without their neighbors also rotating.
3952h agoThe timed prediction problem in two-dimensional sandpile models is P-complete for certain neighborhoods, but not for others due to synchronization issues or lack of timed crossover gates.
3952h agoA new quantum algorithm simulates the Lorenz model, a system of nonlinear equations that describes climate and fluid dynamics, by implementing the time evolution of a second-order time-discretized version of the model.
3952h agoEvolutionary game theory shows that people's learning mechanisms for social behavior, measured as selection strength, can co-evolve with their strategies, leading to different outcomes depending on the type of game being played.
3952h agoCertain non-uniform magnetic fields lead to a spectrum consisting of Landau levels, similar to a uniform magnetic field.
3952h agoAdaptive Hagen-Poiseuille flows in elastic microchannel networks replicate key features of Physarum polycephalum networks, including peristalsis and shuttle streaming, and show that these effects have a hydrodynamic origin.
3952h agoThe quantum inverse scattering method is implemented for the 4-vertex model, revealing different characteristics and algebraic properties that can be used to study the higher-spin XXX chain and approximate the Poisson structure.
3952h agoA novel bound for the Gross-Pitaevskii equations in two spatial dimensions is presented, relating energy to vorticity and skewness terms, and saturated by configurations with fractional vorticity.
3952h agoThe solution for a passive scalar in decaying homogeneous turbulence develops a sequence of concentric spherical shells with a quantized, piecewise-parabolic radial profile of temperature.
3952h agoVortex loops, not vortex-antivortex pairs, drive the Anderson transition in three-dimensional chiral symmetry classes, and their behavior is connected to the magnetostatics of 3D type-II superconductors.
3952h agoA distributed approach constructs Lyapunov functions from local information to characterize complex regions of attraction in nonlinear networks with coexisting stable states.
3952h agoThe study uses simulations to examine how collective excitations behave in fluid hydrogen during a molecular-to-atomic fluid transition at 2500K, finding a plateau in sound speed and that a thermo-viscoelastic model can accurately recover simulation data.
3952h agoThe method analyzes the joint probability density of an eigenvalue and its associated right eigenvector of non-Hermitian random matrices by combining the Kac-Rice counting formula with an integral identity for the Dirac delta function.
3952h agoThe Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse emerges in many areas of mathematics and science, and for jointly Gaussian and i.i.d. rectangular matrices $X, Y$, the eigenvalue spectrum of $XY^\dagger$ has a specific support.
3952h agoMetallic glasses crystallize at grain boundaries, not throughout, showing they have a grain structure, not a homogeneous frozen liquid structure.
3952h agoA novel strategy combining simple models with a new Monte Carlo algorithm reveals that the glass fragility and departure from the Stokes-Einstein relation in molecular fluids are much closer to experimental observations than previously reported.
3952h agoReinforcement learning helps optimize the precision of a spin-based magnetometer by determining the best transverse-field pulse sequence.
3952h agoThe competition between Anderson localization and the non-Hermitian skin effect can be precisely controlled in a non-Hermitian Aubry-André model, leading to tunable localization of eigenstates.
3952h agoEntanglement percolation in qubit-based planar quantum networks depends on the initial network configuration and entanglement, with thresholds separating distinct regimes of quantum percolation.
3952h agoMecp2 mutations cause Rett syndrome by affecting brain cells differently in males and females, with females having a mix of normal and abnormal cells and males having all abnormal cells.
3956h agoOlder adults experience stronger interference from episodic memories to procedural memories than younger adults, but show similar interference from procedural memories to episodic memories.
3956h agoFour recent gray matter models produce consistent estimates of cortical microstructure metrics in healthy subjects when applied to a single human dataset.
3956h agoMost MRI studies of the maternal brain lack diversity, with underreported participant racial and ethnic data, overrepresentation of white participants, and a focus on Western populations.
3960h agoA method for simulating neuromechanical models combines NEURON and MuJoCo software platforms to model the brain, body, and environment simultaneously.
3960h agoPOINTseq, a new method for mapping neural circuits, reveals that midbrain dopaminergic neurons form over 30 distinct connectomic cell types with stereotyped projection motifs that may enable parallel dopamine signaling.
3964h agoA neural network model proposes that sleep helps consolidate fear memories by replaying hippocampal representations of context and adjusting amygdalar activity patterns to establish long-term encodings of learned fear associations.
3964h agoThe left ventral occipitotemporal cortex plays a crucial role in reading by acting as a hybrid interface that receives feedforward information from visual areas and sends feedforward orthographic information to higher-order areas, while also receiving feedback from higher-order areas, with the direction of information flow modulated by processing demands.
3968h agoNerve growth factor (NGF) injections into healthy mouse knees cause pain sensitization, joint swelling, nerve growth, and bone changes similar to those seen in osteoarthritis.
3968h agoA distributed corticolimbic circuit, including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, dynamically modulates evidence accumulation during social-affective decision-making under perceptual ambiguity.
3968h agoIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder are less likely to have asymmetrical paracingulate sulcus patterns in the brain compared to neurotypical individuals.
3968h agoTheta and gamma oscillations coordinate neural activity during sequence memory by interacting with single-unit activity and theta phases to form a phase-based code for sequential memories.
3968h agoEEG components relate to cognition indirectly through their relationship with oculomotor action, not directly as previously thought.
3968h agoArcuate Kiss1 neurons regulate energy expenditure in male mice by activating brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through a neural circuit that involves glutamatergic projections to the dorsomedial hypothalamus.
3972h agoVariation in autism-associated genes disrupts experience-dependent neuron remodeling and circuit plasticity, leading to changes in behavior, with specific genes impacting neurite outgrowth and circuit function.
3972h agoOptical methods can now map the connections between brain cells with high sensitivity, high throughput, and cell-type specificity, revealing that even brain cells in the same layer receive vastly different levels of synaptic input.
3972h agoStimulation of the temporal cortex enhances learning and memory by activating specific excitatory neurons and strengthening cell assemblies, and this effect is supported by specific gene networks.
3972h agoSpatial long-read technologies, such as Spl-ISO-Seq2, can now reveal isoform variability within individual cell types in the brain at a resolution of 220nm.
3972h agoA neural mass model describes how two groups of neurons interact to make binary perceptual decisions, influenced by external inputs and their own interactions.
3976h agoRecent progress shows that specific cells in the brain, called pyramidal neurons, play a key role in generating and controlling consciousness through a special mechanism that disrupts feedback signaling.
3976h agoA new method infers a neuron's membrane voltage, biophysical parameters, and position relative to a probe using only extracellular voltage measurements.
3976h agoDifferent languages share a common neural basis for conceptual meaning, and language models trained on various languages converge on this shared meaning.
3976h agoSentience in machines requires sensory signals that are both persistent and qualitative to allow artificial agents to have a subjective experience.
3976h agoThe visual areas in the brain form a network that jointly represents visual information, with their relationships determined by factors such as cortical distance, categorical selectivity, and position within the visual hierarchy.
3976h agoQuantum cognition research finds that human cognitive processes and quantum entities share a similar conceptual nature, but manifest it differently in specific contexts.
3976h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
3976h agoNumerical simulations show that a ring topology achieves a high level of complete synchronization using Terahertz modeling.
3976h agoAdding a third wave to a two-wave configuration increases particle escape rates and changes transport properties in tokamak edge plasmas.
3976h agoA novel strategy that combines intermittent instantaneous and time-delayed coupling between two airfoils enlarges the amplitude death regime, enhancing flutter suppression and improving structural reliability in aircraft.
3976h agoThe Dirac-Bianconi operator enables interactions between dynamics on nodes, links, and higher-order structures in networks, inducing behaviors such as periodic oscillations.
3976h agoThe rd-spiral library simulates 2D reaction-diffusion systems and finds extreme non-Gaussian statistics in stable spiral states, along with changes in activator-inhibitor coupling during turbulence.
3976h agoA method inspired by the growth of a protist is used to identify optimal and suboptimal graphs that connect different nodes in space for designing communication systems like railway networks.
3976h agoPhase reduction can describe multidimensional oscillators with a single phase variable, and now a general theory applies this technique to higher-order interactions, preserving the topology and showing odd couplings affect dynamics.
3976h agoFree fermions emerge in quantum circuits with specific geometries constructed from local unitary gates, and symmetric circuit constructions lead to a free fermionic spectrum.
3976h agoBPS kinks with internal structures emerge from the coupling of two scalar fields through a generalizing function, exhibiting a two-kink profile due to geometrical constrictions.
3976h agoA graph represents basic properties of a dynamical system, with nodes often being maximal limit sets and edges connecting nodes with trajectories having forward and backward limit sets in different nodes.
3976h agoThe dynamics of a one-dimensional billiard of point particles with alternating masses exhibits universal power-law dependencies, characterized by the emergence of a shock wave and a splash region, with observables following asymptotic power laws that approach universal values over time.
3976h agoFollowerstopper, a control system on an autonomous vehicle, regulates its velocity to mitigate traffic jams by using the relative distance and velocity of the leader car to prevent collisions.
3976h agoStrong disorder causes both topological and trivial phases in a fermionic chain to become gapless, and the transition between them is governed by fluctuation scales, not average values.
3976h agoEquilibrium propagation allows mechanical and electronic systems to autonomously acquire complex functionality by computing the gradient of a cost function from the response to external forcing.
3976h agoThe tendency of Hamiltonian evolution to scramble quantum information and increase entanglement causes the arrow of time in quantum many-body systems.
3976h agoAn ensemble nonlinear optical learner, which uses electrically tunable linear scattering in a liquid-crystal-polymer composite film, improves computing performance and inference accuracy in image classification tasks by combining results from multiple learners.
3976h agoClosed-loop learning of models from their own generated data converges to biased outcomes, but can be prevented by adding a small fraction of data from a fixed model, using maximum a posteriori estimation, or introducing regularisation.
3976h agoFluid mercury exhibits neutral atom-like screening at densities less than 9.25 g/cm$^3$ at a temperature of 1750 K, where a gap emerges in the electronic density of states.
3976h agoThe study establishes a duality between output controllability and functional observability, showing that one implies the other under certain conditions.
3976h agoThe generalized PBH test for functional observability and output controllability is valid for a broader class of systems, enabling partial estimation and control of the system state.
3976h agoHeterogeneity imposed by randomizing material parameters in discrete models does not replicate stress oscillations and local behavior of models with heterogeneity dictated by geometric structure.
3976h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
3976h agoA new algorithm called microcanonical simulated annealing (MicSA) dramatically reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, making it suitable for massively parallel computation.
3976h agoCortical surface-recorded potentials propagate to scalp electrodes both far from and near to the generating location, representing a complex mixture of distributed cortical source activities.
3980h agoAPOE ε4 carriers with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers show weaker cortical reinstatement during memory retrieval and lower memory performance, and this genetic risk factor moderates the effects of AD pathology on brain function.
3980h agoAmphetamine and nicotine decrease sucrose intake in a dose-dependent manner, but their effects on feeding do not differ by sex.
3980h agoThe Spike-sorting Lapse Amelioration System (SLAy) algorithm automatically merges oversplit spike clusters, improving efficiency and reproducibility in the spike-sorting pipeline for electrophysiology data analysis.
3980h agoTwo rat models of Parkinson's disease, AAV-delivered human mutant alpha synuclein and alpha synuclein preformed fibril injection, disrupt different biological pathways, including dopaminergic signaling, mitochondria, immune response, and autophagy.
3980h agoThe reproduction of perceived distances is influenced by two biases, central tendency and serial dependence, which persist regardless of the level of autocorrelation in a stimulus sequence.
3980h agoFine-mapping analysis identifies specific risk genes for bipolar disorder, providing new insights into its biology.
3984h agoActivating the connection from the infralimbic cortex to the nucleus accumbens shell reduces cocaine seeking behaviour triggered by drug-associated cues and drug availability signals.
3984h agoDisrupting collagen IV in brain microvessels causes cerebral microbleeds, cognitive decline, and motor problems in mice, similar to those seen in humans with cerebral small vessel disease.
3984h agoBiomechanical strain changes the behavior of astrocytes in the optic nerve head, altering their shape, metabolism, and gene expression in a way that depends on the level and duration of strain.
3984h agoThe brain's resting-state activity indicates a person's readiness for creative insight and predicts Aha experiences, with different brain networks linked to novelty and feasibility in creative performance.
3984h agoHumans combine haptic cutaneous and hand configuration cues optimally to judge the size of objects held between their thumb and index fingers.
3984h agoZebrafish retinal regeneration relies on β1b chain-containing laminins to regulate Muller glia reprogramming, retinal cell proliferation, and neuroprotection of photoreceptors.
3984h agoSilencing the MSH3 gene blocks the progression of Huntington's disease in mice by stopping the expansion of toxic DNA repeats and reducing brain cell damage.
3984h agoLoss of the MECP2 gene causes Rett Syndrome by disrupting chromatin homeostasis in a way that differs by neuron type and specific mutation.
3984h agoBrain tumors cause structural changes in the unaffected hemisphere of the brain, and these changes evolve over time and are linked to poorer cognitive performance after surgery.
3984h agoHigher-order interactions among multiple brain regions provide a powerful framework for capturing the brain's dynamics, and metrics measuring these interactions align with the brain's functional hierarchy and outperform traditional models in characterizing individual brain function.
3984h agoNormative modeling of brain oscillations using MEGaNorm provides a framework for quantifying individual deviations from typical brain development and identifying abnormalities in neuropsychiatric conditions.
3984h agoThe adolescent brain changes how it handles threat and safety between ages 12 and 17, with younger adolescents using the hippocampus and older adolescents using a network including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
3984h agoSocial jetlag is associated with weaker brain connections, less resilient brain networks, and altered brain activity in adolescents, which can affect emotional regulation, social function, and cognitive abilities.
3984h agoA new model of Alzheimer's disease reveals that the disease causes time-progressive accumulation of amyloid beta, loss of monomeric Tau, and neuronal hyperexcitability, which can be normalized with autophagy activators.
3984h agoBeta suppression in the fronto-cingulo-somatosensory network serves as a neural marker of interoceptive processing, and is more pronounced during interoceptive attention, correlating with interoceptive accuracy.
3984h agoPeople's rhythmic ability follows a pattern where timing errors and variability decrease during childhood, increase in older adults, and improve with musical experience, even in real-life situations.
3984h agoThe misalignment of the eye's optical components requires a new understanding of binocular and oculomotor vision, and a new formulation of Listings law explains how the eyes work together to control movement.
3984h agoA computational virtual patient pipeline forecasts patient perceptual capabilities with neural implants, bridging the gap between vision restoration efforts and predicting user perception.
3984h agoSensory operators can be understood through a new geometric framework that describes perceptual processes as measuring distances over a sensory manifold, capturing a wide range of empirical effects associated with elementary sensory computations.
3984h agoThe frontal cortex responds more strongly to sounds that signal a change in action than to sounds that indicate maintaining current actions, and does so consistently even when the same sounds have opposite meanings in different tasks.
3984h agoVCP inhibition restores rhodopsin trafficking and prevents photoreceptor cell death in a model of inherited retinal degeneration.
3984h agoContingency awareness shapes the neural circuitry involved in visceral pain-related fear and safety learning, with aware individuals showing different brain activation patterns to pain-predictive cues.
3984h agoHigher gut microbiota diversity is associated with lower cortisol stress reactivity and lower levels of experienced stress in healthy adults.
3984h agoThe brain tracks and adapts to the fine-grained temporal patterns in touchscreen behavior to support efficient smartphone interactions.
3984h agoPre-stimulus brain activity influences memory formation by preparing the brain for optimal multisensory integration, with alpha oscillations specifically enhancing recognition memory performance.
3984h agoValue information from other brain regions modulates the activity of Superior Colliculus neurons to facilitate faster eye movements towards high-valued objects.
3984h agoMitochondrial diseases cause cognitive deficits in areas such as executive function, working memory, and mental and physical fatigue, and altered brain activity in individuals with more severe impairment.
3984h agoBeta-bursts in the brain play a key role in inhibitory control, with specific bursts linked to stopping and suppressing motor output in older adults.
3984h agoVariants in GBA1 increase the risk of synucleinopathies by causing toxic effects of misfolded glucocerebrosidase and accumulation of lipid substrates due to reduced enzyme activity.
3984h agoIncreasing activity in entorhinal cortex neurons does not promote the regrowth of injured mature entorhinal axons, suggesting that both external and internal factors influence the regenerative response.
3984h agoImproving the writing of titles and abstracts can be done through different strategies.
3988h agoHumanists are engaging with artificial intelligence to adopt language models as tools and shape them to better represent written culture.
3988h agoPatients with mild cognitive impairment require lower energy to change brain activity in the limbic network and have decreased overall brain activity randomness compared to healthy controls.
3988h agoThe supraorbital nerve presents the most accessible target for trigeminal nerve stimulation due to its superficial location, but its stimulation may preferentially activate cutaneous nociceptors, which could lead to off-target side effects.
3988h agoBrain dynamics can be described in a lower-dimensional space, and interactions between brain regions, including synergy and redundancy, are preserved by certain dimensionality reduction techniques, with nonlinear autoencoders being most effective in preserving synergy.
3988h agoThe brain rapidly uses high-level visual predictions to guide perception, and stimulus-evoked responses are increased by surprise based on these high-level predictions, not low-level sensory details.
3988h agoStructural embedding affects the spectral profiles of neural fluctuations, and a new model, chromatic dynamic causal model, reveals a linear mapping between regional structural valency and the spectral exponent of neural fluctuations.
3988h agoChlamydia pneumoniae infection in the retina is linked to Alzheimer's disease, with increased levels of the bacteria and related inflammatory proteins found in the retinas and brains of people with the disease.
3988h agoImplicit threat memories can be selectively modified through post-reactivation interventions, affecting both physiological and cognitive-emotional domains.
3992h agoAstrocyte CB1 receptor signaling promotes inflammation and worsens multiple sclerosis-like pathology in mice by increasing immune cell infiltration and blood-brain barrier damage.
3996h agoRepeating a visual stimulus leads to changes in brain activity, including reduced neuronal spike rates, increased gamma-band synchronization, and altered alpha-beta activity, which are specific to the stimulus and occur throughout the brain's visual processing areas.
3996h agoBrain regions process thoughts about one's own mind and others' minds differently, with some areas decoding mental states specific to self or other, and others decoding mental states in general.
3996h agoMeasuring protein abundance is essential for understanding development and disease, and researchers found extensive discordance between protein and mRNA levels across cell types, particularly in genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
3996h agoHippocampal neurons integrate spatial and non-spatial information through a continuum of linear and nonlinear computations, challenging the traditional dichotomy of spatial versus non-spatial representations.
3996h agoMaternal singing helps preterm infants' brain development by eliciting a distinct neural response, and the mother's own voice has a special effect on their brain activity.
3996h agoGradual sensory development helps human infants develop robust and generalizable visual representations, resist bias, and adapt to new information.
3996h agoIntermittent hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia models of white matter injury affect oligodendrocyte populations differently in the internal capsule and corpus callosum, with distinct changes in myelination and inflammatory cell activation.
3996h agoDepression can be assessed through various human behaviours, and machine learning models have been developed to automatically assess depression from these behaviours.
4000h agoThe existence of machine consciousness is proved using a novel paradigm and set-theoretic formalism based on Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory.
4000h agoHigher-order representations encode information about the reliability, source, or structure of first-order representations, and metacognitive estimates of uncertainty reflect a read-out of these representations, combining current uncertainty and learned distributions over expected uncertainty.
4000h agoMR-LFADS, a new data-driven model, disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved areas, and local neural activity, providing a more accurate portrait of inter-regional communication.
4000h agoThis study explores how lifestyle choices, subjective experiences, and objective biometric data relate to each other in one person over 26 months.
4000h agoThe arcuate fasciculus in macaques originates in the temporal-parietal cortex and projects into prefrontal regions, but differs from humans in having less expansion into the middle temporal gyrus and weaker prefrontal and parietal operculum connectivity.
4000h agoThe chain of contagion task measures contagious beliefs by assessing how contamination spreads through contact, and research shows that people with contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder have a strong bias towards these beliefs, with the task's effectiveness plateauing after 8 pens are used.
4000h agoCombining deep neural networks and large language models creates a more accurate prediction of how the human brain processes visual information.
4000h agoThe specific wiring configurations of the cortex, known as the connectome, mainly affect rapid communication between distant brain areas, while having little impact on slower, spontaneous brain activity.
4000h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients give rise to active inference dynamics.
4000h agoBrainSAIL links neural selectivity with visual concepts in natural scenes by leveraging artificial neural networks to provide insights into the brain's functional topology.
4000h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, specifically one class of 3rd-order equations and a 5th-order equation.
4000h agoThe interplay between nonlinear couplings and mismatched frequencies in optical nonlinear Kerr couplers leads to rich and complex dynamics, including multiple stable attractors and transitions from regular to chaotic behavior.
4000h agoSynchronization between clusters of mobile oscillators in a network is affected by their spatial closeness.
4000h agoNonlinear Hermitian systems and linear non-Hermitian systems both exhibit non-orthogonal states and state coincidence at degeneracy points, which helps explain characteristics of nonlinear localized waves.
4000h agoThe reconstruction map for semiclassical bulk operators in JT gravity ensures the spectrum of the fundamental quantum theory matches known results and leads to analytical predictions for wormhole length dynamics, including non-monotonic behavior and suppressed fluctuations.
4000h agoThe Parametric Hypernetwork for Learning Interpolated Networks (PHLieNet) framework enables a unified model to capture dynamic behavior across a broad range of system parameterizations by learning a global mapping from parameter space to a nonlinear embedding.
4000h agoThe thermocapillary deformational thin-film model produces square and hexagonal patterns in a fluid through a conserved long-wave instability at a critical Marangoni number, which can lead to film rupture.
4000h agoNonreciprocal coupling in a chain of nonlinear oscillators induces bifurcations of attractors, transitions to chaos and hyper-chaos, and amplitude saturation with decreasing profiles.
4000h agoDark states are present in XY models, but only for specific configurations of the central spin magnetic field.
4000h agoHigher-order interactions in complex systems promote cooperation, but also facilitate invasions that lead to defection, and often result in bistable states of mutual defection and cooperation.
4000h agoHolographic deep thermalization is a secure and hardware-efficient method for generating genuine random quantum states with minimal resources.
4000h agoNonlinear optimal disturbances in channel flow achieve highest energy growth by mimicking streak spacing and amplitude consistent with turbulent flows.
4000h agoSurface tension can cause an elastic cylinder to become unstable and form a periodic sequence of bulges, known as beading instability, when the cylinder is sufficiently soft or axially stretched.
4000h agoThe TTW system has a hidden algebra $g^{(k)}$ that includes its Hamiltonian and integrals, which form a polynomial algebra of integrals of order $(k+1)$.
4000h agoThis information theory explains how memoryful agents moving through complex environments process information over time as they interact with and interpret stimuli.
4000h agoThe local entropy of the asymmetric binary perceptron breaks down for constraint densities in the interval (0.77,0.78), matching the range that current solvers can handle.
4000h agoIterating defects into a crystal lattice creates non-ergodic multifractal states, which have anomalous slow dynamics and offer new pathways for quantum transport studies.
4000h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
4000h agoThe effective conductivity of 2D and 3D Random Resistor Networks with random edge conductivity depends on both geometrical disorder and conductivity randomness.
4000h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy for Fermi-Hubbard models compared to pure fermionic tensor networks, and offer a physically motivated alternative with improved computational scaling.
4000h agoThe Hamilton--Jacobi equation from mean-field spin glass models has a meaning in the viscosity sense, and has well-posedness, comparison principle, and a solution that can be represented by a Hopf--Lax formula under certain conditions.
4000h agoHolographic deep thermalization is a secure and hardware-efficient method for generating genuine random quantum states with minimal resources.
4000h agoThe intrinsic quantum Mpemba effect exists in Markovian systems and quantum circuits, where a system farther from equilibrium reaches steady state faster than one closer to equilibrium.
4000h agoMachine learning models' training can be improved by optimizing perturbations as first-passage processes, allowing for enhanced speedups and better generalization.
4000h agoThe visual system balances stability and flexibility by using stimulus representations in sensory cortex for stability and task representations in parietal and frontal cortex for flexibility.
4000h agoThe human brain uses less energy than other mammals for computation, and its energy consumption varies depending on the type of task, with more distributed computations requiring more energy.
4000h agoXylazine causes severe respiratory depression, which when combined with fentanyl, leads to a life-threatening condition that cannot be easily reversed by naloxone.
4000h agoDivided attention enhances implicit sensorimotor adaptation when it coincides with error feedback, but has no effect when it occurs after error feedback.
4000h agoAdolescent females with heightened neural sensitivity to social threats show changes in immune pathways, particularly those with a maternal history of depression.
4000h agoBotulinum neurotoxin type A1 disrupts neurotransmitter release in human sensory neurons by cleaving SNAP-25 and downregulating genes responsible for neurotransmitter and neuropeptide release.
4000h agoDeep neural networks that process visual information like the human brain often create perceptual illusions, but their ability to do so does not directly relate to their accuracy or similarity to brain activity.
4000h agoInter-brain synchrony between child-caregiver dyads differs in Autism Spectrum Disorder and can predict core symptoms of the disorder, with distinct brain networks involved during cooperative tasks and free-talking.
4000h agoHigher pre-stimulus brain activity in certain frequency bands is associated with larger responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation, indicating a more excitable cortical and corticospinal state.
4000h agoChronic tumour necrosis factor-alpha signalling impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis by triggering an interferon loop that recruits T cells and switches the fate of hippocampal progenitor cells from producing neurons to an immune-defensive phenotype.
4000h agoAn active pixel power control approach preserves signal quality while minimizing interference between optogenetic manipulation and calcium imaging, allowing for more accurate dissection of neural circuits.
4000h agoNeural responses to specific words in the human hippocampus are a weighted sum of the word's non-contextual meaning and the meaning of surrounding words.
4008h agoInfants' brains process temporal prediction, which underlies social interaction, from birth, with neural activity initially driven by sensory input and later becoming more complex through experience.
4008h agoPyruvate concentration in neurons can be measured at single-cell resolution using a minimally invasive protocol with a FRET-based fluorescent indicator called Pyronic.
4008h agoHawkmoth lamina monopolar cells, which feed into the motion pathway, process contrast and luminance information in a similar manner, and their spatial processing properties are also highly similar, due to the density and distribution of their synapses across different lamina layers.
4012h agoThe retrosplenial cortex has different areas that process visual and positional information in distinct ways, with anterior areas encoding high-speed visual motion and precise position, and posterior areas responding to low-speed stimuli and broader position-related activity.
4012h agoMAPseq2, an updated tool for mapping neuron projections, offers improved barcode detection sensitivity and lower costs compared to its predecessor.
4012h agoFlies integrate visual and mechanosensory information to actively move their antennae in response to changing airflow and visual environments during flight.
4012h agoRNAsmol, a sequence-based deep learning framework, predicts RNA-small molecule interactions by integrating perturbation and augmentation to achieve robust predictions under limited data.
4016h agoLarge language models can be integrated into chemical research as research partners, but their use requires addressing ethical and performance-based challenges.
4016h agoA new fMRI method detects lies about face recognition by identifying brain regions specific to familiarity with individual faces, and finds activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus to be a reliable indicator.
4016h agoHigh-resolution 3D magnetic-resonance spectroscopic imaging detects subtle neurometabolic alterations in young people at risk for psychosis, including higher levels of certain brain chemicals in frontal grey matter.
4016h agoChildren with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (SeLECTS) have abnormally high connections between motor and language areas in the brain during language tasks, which predicts poor phonological awareness.
4016h agoThe hippocampus and reward processing pathways in the brain converge at the level of individual neurons in the nucleus accumbens, allowing for integration of environmental information and reward processing.
4020h agoCocaine changes the excitability of brain cells in the nucleus accumbens core differently in male and female mice, with females' brain cell changes varying across their estrous cycle.
4020h agoDendritic polyglycerol amine (dPGA) coated substrates support long-term mixed glial cultures, allowing for multiple isolations of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and increasing cellular yield.
4020h agoBrain size measures are strongly related to age and sex, with total brain volume and other brain measures better predicted by age, and total intracranial volume predicted by sex.
4020h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a role in threat appraisal and represents novelty, pain, and changing fear associations, and its neuronal populations dynamically update fear representations in response to conditioned stimuli.
4020h agoPsychedelics increase myelination activity in female mice with a genetic mutation linked to demyelinating disorders, but not in male mice, and this effect may lead to new treatments for myelin-related issues.
4024h agoPaceLLM, a new Large Language Model, improves long-context capabilities by mimicking the brain's working memory and neural specialization, achieving performance gains of up to 17.5% on certain tasks and extending measurable context length to 200K tokens.
4024h agoBuilding a language understanding system that allows humans to collaborate with physical robots using natural language requires integrating a cognitive agent with a large language model.
4024h agoNeural machine translation models and human memory models share similar mechanisms for using context to guide memory search.
4024h agoThe key to advancing brain-like AI or Artificial General Intelligence lies in understanding the relationship between cognition and computation.
4024h agoPerceptual multistability offers insights into cognitive functions and dysfunctions, and can be used as a non-invasive tool for clinical applications by bridging computational psychiatry subfields and linking human and animal studies.
4024h agoThe projected normal distribution's moments can be approximated using Taylor expansions, and generalizations of the distribution can be used to model data in various applications, including systems neuroscience.
4024h agoBrainSymphony, a lightweight foundation model, achieves state-of-the-art performance in neuroimaging by processing functional and structural MRI data through parallel transformer streams and a Perceiver module.
4024h agoConsciousness emerges as a cycle of inference shaped by emotion and refined by cognition, which integrates experience across time through a unified cause-effect structure.
4024h agoThe human brain organizes visual information in a scale-free way, with neural representations in the visual cortex following a consistent pattern where their variance decreases as a power law across a wide range of dimensions.
4024h agoThe surrogate gradient neural tangent kernel enables analysis of surrogate gradient learning, a method that substitutes a surrogate derivative for the derivative of a neural network's activation function, allowing it to be applied to networks with non-differentiable activation functions.
4024h agoDiffusion models exhibit a memorization phase with distinct basins of attraction around each training sample in the small data regime, and a generalization phase with new attractor states in the large data regime, where spurious states emerge at the boundary.
4024h agoA new dual-branch deep learning model accurately distinguishes among six distinct classes of time series data, including periodic, chaotic, and noisy patterns, by analyzing recurrence plot images.
4024h agoA robotic mechanical metamaterial develops spatial and temporal oscillations in its displacement field when a feedback parameter in its reaction kinetics is varied, allowing for exploration and prescription of patterning responses in non-equilibrium systems.
4024h agoA higher-order approximation of the transverse discontinuity mapping accurately predicts the dynamics of impact oscillators operating near a pre-stressed soft barrier, overcoming the inaccuracies of linearized models.
4024h agoDarboux's determinant formulae for solving linear hyperbolic second-order PDEs have discrete analogs that work for discrete and semi-discrete hyperbolic operators with finite Laplace series.
4024h agoQuasi-determinants form a fundamental algebraic structure underlying noncommutative integrable equations, allowing for the derivation of equations such as ncKP and ncKdV and their explicit matrix-valued soliton solutions.
4024h agoTopological protection enables robust oscillations at the edges of a two-dimensional grid of coupled oscillators, while the bulk of the grid transitions to a state of oscillation death.
4024h agoEconomic inequality and social factors drive human societies to be unstable, according to a model that combines economic growth with the spread of social dissatisfaction.
4024h agoThe activation energy for thermal phase slips in a superconducting strip scales as $\Delta F^\text{2D}\propto (1-I/I_c)^{3/4}$ with the instanton size depending on the current and Ginzburg-Landau coherence length.
4024h agoA new theory proposes that a large pressure difference between a low-pressure line and its surroundings can cause a tornado to form when it increases vorticity inside a squeezed vortex tube.
4024h agoStructured Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural ODEs (SKANODEs) integrate structured state-space modeling with neural networks to create accurate and interpretable models of nonlinear dynamical systems.
4024h agoReducing the filter bandwidth of a tunable spectral filter causes noise-like pulse emission in a passively mode-locked fiber laser to evolve into a bound-state regime.
4024h agoFaraday waves emerge in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates when a periodic modulation of the scattering length drives collective excitations, interacting with the intrinsic Jeans instability.
4024h agoA new network reduction framework accurately preserves epidemic spreading dynamics and information flow in complex networks by extracting subgraphs and optimizing node removal and edge pruning.
4024h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma trigger complex phenomena, including chaos and nonlinear Landau damping, and cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave, with differing effects for positively and negatively charged debris.
4024h agoThe Kuralay equations, including Kuralay-I and Kuralay-II, are gauge equivalent and have integrable motion of space curves, with soliton solutions found using the Hirota bilinear method.
4024h agoThe recurrence coefficients in a sequence of monic symmetric polynomials, orthogonal to a symmetric sextic Freud weight, satisfy a fourth-order nonlinear discrete equation and exhibit chaotic, pseudo-oscillatory behaviour as parameters vary.
4024h agoThe KP integrability of non-perturbative topological recursion is proved, which is a formal deformation of the Krichever construction of algebro-geometric solutions of the KP hierarchy.
4024h agoA bidirectional machine can optimally predict a system's future and retrodict its past by capturing all statistical correlations in its state structure.
4024h agoA new class of dynamical quantum instability in driven magnets leads to the enhancement of antiferromagnetic correlations through a two-stage process involving parametric amplification and secondary instability.
4024h agoVacancy defects in a 2D geometrically frustrating magnet cause a peak in the heat capacity at a temperature determined by the concentration of the defects.
4024h agoThe derivation of critical capacity for a quantum perceptron has issues, and an alternative approach shows a different critical capacity.
4024h agoHarmonic chains with random spring constants and masses have a spectral density that follows a power law at low frequency, with an exponent that exhibits phase transitions based on the distributions of the spring constants and masses.
4024h agoAutomataGPT, a transformer model, accurately forecasts and infers the rules of cellular automata, enabling the abstraction of real-world dynamical phenomena into simple models.
4024h agoQuantum annealers can be used to study magnetic hysteresis, and experiments on them show robust memory retention in hysteresis loops.
4024h agoPhotonic neural networks can accurately analyze partially-polarized light beams and determine their polarization properties with precision comparable to traditional polarimeters.
4024h agoA single-particle mobility edge induces a smooth crossover in dynamical signatures, with entanglement entropy and subsystem information capacity showing a mixed nature of localized and extended eigenstates.
4024h agoMeasurement alone can drive a system into different entanglement phases, and a new framework maps entanglement evolution under unitaries and measurements into a classical spin problem.
4024h agoStructural disorder in nanoparticle assemblies broadens the polaritonic stop band and near-field hot-spot distribution, but does not alter the polariton dispersion and coupling strength.
4024h agoThe configuration space of thermally disordered condensed matter systems can be quantified by reconstructing the lattice from the Voronoi cells of the atoms.
4024h agoHigh-throughput screening identifies flexible magnetic materials with efficient transverse thermoelectric conversion, yielding seven high-performance candidates with anomalous Nernst coefficients of up to 4.8 uV/K.
4024h agoXenophobic interactions can impede consensus on social networks, and the ability to reach consensus declines as the number of topics discussed increases.
4024h agoTight-binding models on Bravais lattices with anisotropic onsite potentials can have an E=0 flat band when hoppings and potential shapes are tuned, and this flat band exhibits a localization transition or remains localized depending on the potential strength and type.
4024h agoSubsystem information capacity serves as a valuable tool for studying the intrinsic nature of various dynamical phases, including integrable, localized, thermalized, and topological systems.
4024h agoThe surrogate gradient neural tangent kernel enables analysis of surrogate gradient learning, a method that substitutes a surrogate derivative for the derivative of a neural network's activation function, allowing it to be applied to networks with non-differentiable activation functions.
4024h agoQuantum many-body systems with no conservation laws develop irreversible relaxation, with all their resonances converging inside a certain boundary, leading to chaotic behavior.
4024h agoRandom fiber networks' mechanical behavior is determined by a small subset of load-bearing fibers that form force chains, and their structure-function relationships can be predicted from structural information using an analytical approach.
4024h agoDiffusion models exhibit a memorization phase with distinct basins of attraction around each training sample in the small data regime, and a generalization phase with new attractor states in the large data regime, where spurious states emerge at the boundary.
4024h agoWAY-100635, a clinically tested drug, protects retinal ganglion cells from metabolic collapse by boosting mitochondrial function and suppressing cell death, preserving vision in glaucoma models.
4024h agoFMR1 gene deficiency causes late-onset hyperexcitability in striatal neurons, leading to behavioral and motor deficits in Fragile X Syndrome.
4032h agoClimbing fibers activate MLI2s more than MLI1s through glutamate spillover, disinhibiting Purkinje cells and enhancing dendritic calcium signals necessary for plasticity and learning.
4032h agoThe semantic control network and the multiple demand network respond differently to semantic control demands, with the semantic control network activated by task knowledge and the multiple demand network activated by input modality.
4032h agoThe brain uses a mix of slow and fast oscillations to facilitate communication within and between neural populations, and this multi-frequency activity happens when the balance of inhibitory and excitatory signals is within a specific range.
4032h agoMitochondria in different parts of neurons have distinct calcium dynamics and molecular mechanisms that regulate their function.
4032h agoNR2F1 and NR2F6 transcription factors drive neural repair by promoting corticospinal regeneration, robust midline sprouting, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
4036h agoClosed-loop electrical stimulation prevents pathological neural communication that drives the spread of the epileptic network and helps preserve long-term memory in focal epilepsy.
4040h agoNeuropixels1.0 NHP, a high-density silicon probe, records large numbers of neurons with single-neuron resolution from most areas in a macaque’s brain.
4040h agoA novel pre-trained model called EpiNT enables unified analysis of scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) to improve epilepsy diagnosis and treatment.
4048h agoHomogeneous Differentiators can effectively denoise measurements and faithfully reconstruct attractors of nonlinear systems, leading to drastically improved quality and resolution of the reconstructed attractors.
4048h agoA new type of artificial neural network, called the resonant reservoir network (RRN), uses oscillatory dynamics to classify different types of signals, such as brain rhythms, visual and auditory signals, with few trainable parameters.
4048h agoFlow state, characterized by deep and relaxed concentration, correlates with brain activity measured through EEG, and specific psychological exercises can enhance flow during athletic performance.
4048h agoHigher doses of anti-seizure medications shorten seizure duration by a mechanism that is not related to stopping the spread of seizures.
4048h agoEnvironmental structure influences planning strategies, with people favoring hierarchical planning in structured environments and shortest path planning in unstructured environments.
4048h agoVisual image reconstruction has advanced with deep neural networks and generative models, allowing for detailed, subjective visual experiences to be decoded from brain activity into images.
4048h agoRelying heavily on AI systems and digital tools risks weakening human memory and impairs the development of expertise, critical thinking, and long-term retention.
4048h agoThe Calogero-Moser-Sutherland systems have explicitly described low-dimensional Liouville tori.
4048h agoThe difference in Lagrangian Descriptor values between two neighboring trajectories offers a direct and intuitive measure of dynamical behavior, matching or surpassing the accuracy of more complex methods in detecting chaos in dynamical systems.
4048h agoStochastic martingale turnover naturally leads to a balanced population of cells in biological systems, such as intestinal immune regulation, without the need for specific control mechanisms.
4048h agoA novel type of transition between synchrony and incoherence is discovered where the synchronous state does not connect to the state of incoherence.
4048h agoBeating solitons with nonzero relative wavenumber exist in three-component nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and they interact uniquely with vector Akhmediev breathers.
4048h agoOptimality principles in nonequilibrium transport networks are linked to a thermodynamic formalism that helps quantify the distance from non-equilibrium operating points and understand optimality under different constraints.
4048h agoThe trace of the time evolution operator in the kicked Ising model behaves as a complex Gaussian random variable with open boundary conditions at the self-dual point.
4048h agoClassical Yang-Mills theories have an exact integrability structure with an infinite number of conserved charges, which leads to novel symmetries and potentially allows hadrons to carry these charges.
4048h agoStrategic leaps in spatially structured populations shift the balance of cyclic dominance in rock-paper-scissors dynamics, allowing the dominant species to change and potentially promoting or jeopardizing biodiversity depending on mobility.
4048h agoA generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem describes the link between forced and free fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems using the Koopman operator formalism.
4048h agoThe two-photon Dicke model exhibits a phase transition from a normal to a superradiant phase and displays spectral collapse.
4048h agoA nanomechanical beam with two coupled bistable modes exhibits four stable regions in the frequency domain, separated by curves that mark robust inter-state transitions, similar to a multi-phase thermodynamic system.
4048h agoA dynamic model of a universal joint with radial clearance shows that clearance causes impact-induced oscillations, quasi-periodic motion, and chaotic dynamics.
4048h agoThe nonlinear steepest descent method for Riemann-Hilbert problems associated with homogeneous Painleve II equations can be systematically expanded to obtain higher-order contributions.
4048h agoA reduced order model with 8 degrees of freedom accurately captures the periodic and chaotic behaviors of a nonlinear flexible oscillator, including its bifurcation structure, using proper orthogonal decomposition and energy closure analysis.
4048h agoHybrid quantum integrable systems occur naturally in the semiclassical limit of quantum integrable systems and combine quantum and classical integrable components.
4048h agoThe variational free energy principle provides a mathematical approach to model systems made of coupled objects by representing their dependence relationships, allowing for a parsimonious explanation of system dynamics.
4048h agoOscillator networks can be used as a computational resource, and a universal framework has been developed to harness them by training a feedback-loop to emulate a target system.
4048h agoA new population dynamic model describes all global population growth regimes over the past 12,000 years and predicts two possible future scenarios: one where the population suddenly rises to unsustainable levels by 2078, and another where it drops by half by 2064 due to a global ecological crisis.
4048h agoTissue-scale spatial structure can make tumours more resilient to immunotherapy by creating spatially-patterned states that persist even when standard models predict a cancer-free state.
4048h agoTraining autoregressive models for longer horizons worsens convergence due to accumulating prediction errors, but models trained on long horizons still generalize well to short-term forecasts.
4048h agoClustering and degree correlations in complex networks alter the percolation threshold and critical exponents, differing from predictions made by mean-field theories.
4048h ago$\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry drives phase transitions and emergent physics in quantum systems, and its conservation in disordered systems leads to decoupled subspaces where certain initial states do not decay over long timescales, violating thermalization for generic local observables.
4048h agoA new algorithm, microcanonical simulated annealing, dramatically reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, allowing for faster and more efficient computation.
4048h agoMore ductile glasses have a higher probability of experiencing unusual first plastic events at low strain, which resemble avalanches but are not system-spanning.
4048h agoA bio-inspired photonic system mimicking the retina achieves high accuracy in image classification and segmentation tasks with minimal data, outperforming software-based neural networks.
4048h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor with maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor, and its equilibrium and algorithmic properties in the tensor case are similar to those in the matrix case.
4048h agoBidisperse granular packings exhibit a low-frequency plateau in vibrational properties, while polycrystalline packings do not, due to differences in contact network rearrangements during jamming and unjamming.
4048h agoA new population dynamic model describes all global population growth regimes over the past 12,000 years and predicts two possible future scenarios: one where the population suddenly rises to unsustainable levels by 2078, and another where it drops by half by 2064 due to a global ecological crisis.
4048h agoVeraguamide E, a compound from marine cyanobacteria, directly binds to the Sigma-2 receptor and selectively modulates neuronal excitability, making it a potential therapeutic for pain management.
4052h agoPeople who tend to choose immediate rewards over delayed ones are more likely to have addictive-like behavior towards sweet foods and sugary drinks.
4052h agoScientists developed a method to precisely control specific brain pathways in primates using optogenetics, allowing for selective excitation and inhibition of defined brain connections.
4060h agoAnxiety exacerbates repetitive behaviors by changing dopamine activity in the brain, specifically by increasing activity in dopamine neurons projecting to the dorsolateral striatum and decreasing activity in those projecting to the dorsomedial striatum.
4060h agoDynamic cholinergic modulation affects the oscillatory tendencies of neuronal microcircuits differently depending on network topology, with networks having strong connections within excitatory or inhibitory groups being more sensitive to changing cholinergic signals.
4060h agoGene expression changes in brain regions of Major Depressive Disorder patients involve key genes, pathways, and co-expression modules related to neuroinflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
4060h agoNeuropeptide Y helps maintain healthy brain connections by regulating a cellular cleanup process called autophagy, which declines with age and affects synaptic function.
4064h agoAuditory attention decoding works well in identifying which conversation a listener is attending to, even in a challenging scenario with multiple simultaneous conversations.
4064h agoNicotinic signaling affects fast-spiking inhibitory cortical neurons in developing brain circuits by increasing synaptic inputs, but these neurons do not respond directly to nicotine due to a negative modulator called lynx1.
4064h agoMicrostructural tissue growth in the human visual system develops hierarchically in the first year of life, with early visual areas more mature at birth but developing more slowly than higher-level areas.
4064h agoEffort makes rewards more valuable by increasing dopamine release in the brain through a process where acetylcholine binds to dopamine axons.
4080h agoA novel method based on homological scaffolds accurately identifies individuals from brain activity with near-perfect accuracy, outperforming current approaches that rely on functional connectivity.
4080h agoHierarchical modularity in brain networks enhances memory capacity, supports multitasking, and generates a broader range of temporal dynamics, due to its specific topological features.
4080h agoThe brain has separate areas that specialize in processing different senses, and some areas are used for working memory across multiple senses, with specific regions handling visual, auditory, and tactile information.
4080h agoScientists developed a platform called ESCargoT that uses machine learning to quickly find and test genetic enhancers that control gene expression in specific cells in the spinal cord.
4080h agoTwo items in visual working memory alternately guide attention in a rhythmic pattern, with one item dominating behavioral guidance at a time in a theta-rhythmic oscillation.
4080h agoThe angular gyrus and precuneus support perspective-guided retrieval of autobiographical memories in distinct ways, with different subregions contributing to goal-directed perspective selection, vividness, and emotional intensity.
4080h agoAmotivation in schizophrenia is caused by disrupted communication between the thalamus and striatum, which is triggered by overactive cholinergic interneurons and excessive acetylcholine levels.
4080h agoReelin signaling regulates neuronal development and function through the phosphorylation of Twinfilin-1 at tyrosine309, which is crucial for actin remodeling and spine development.
4080h agoThe geometry of the rat whisker array simplifies the coordination required for whisking behavior, with simulations showing that equal muscle activation leads to uniform rotation of follicles and specific patterns of whisker movement.
4080h agoThe cerebellum's motor control functions remain largely preserved with age, despite structural degeneration, showing that it has a remarkable ability to maintain function even in adults over 80 years old.
4080h agoThe hypothalamus volume in newborns is linked to prenatal exposures, such as gestational age, maternal smoking, and sex, with effects lasting into adolescence.
4080h agoDopamine signalling in the motor cortex helps with learning motor skills by linking movements and their rewards, and this signalling is crucial for the formation and execution of skilled actions.
4080h agoSpeech production involves distinct classes of neural activity associated with sensory perception, planning, motor execution, and task-related suppression that are localized to separate brain networks.
4080h agoOptogenetic induction of spike-timing-dependent plasticity at CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses allows for ultrastructural analysis of stimulated synapses using transmission electron microscopy.
4080h agoModulating cortical excitability with ionic direct current (iDC) can control neural responses to input across the cortical surface.
4080h agoMotor cortex helps control voluntary movements by adjusting an ongoing spinal motor pattern to guide actions like navigating obstacles.
4080h agoThe brain's motor areas track the timing of visual events through phase-coupling to environmental rhythms, and this tracking is predicted by sensory simulation that automatically generates a temporal framework.
4080h agoAutism spectrum disorder shows thousands of DNA methylation changes in the brain, mainly in areas that control gene activity during early development and adulthood.
4080h agoThe neocortex and basal ganglia nuclei are connected in a side-by-side arrangement, and this layout enables information processing through horizontal signals passing between modules.
4080h agoDifferences in brain connectivity patterns between healthy people and those with schizophrenia are revealed through a novel method called persistent homology, which could lead to a new diagnosis and treatment approach.
4080h agoPerisomatic inhibition and ripple activity emerge and mature in parallel in the CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions, starting earlier in CA3.
4080h agoInnate brain organization and sensory experience interact to shape the brain's functional architecture, with genetic factors providing a robust scaffold and sensory deprivation driving adaptive reorganization within modality-specific areas.
4080h agoLong-term action video game players have brains that are better at making quick and skillful decisions because they can reduce internal conflict and uncertainty when processing visual and motor information.
4096h agoThe study used a new method called MoSeq to analyze the behavior of mice with a genetic model of dystonia and found that the mice's behavioral patterns changed after treatment with the anti-dystonia drug trihexyphenidyl, with differences also seen between male and female mice.
4096h agoControlling a robotic finger with muscle activity works as well as using physical movement, and may even help people learn to control other devices.
4104h agoBlocking PD-1 signaling reduces amyloid-beta plaque burden, improves cognitive function, and shows potential as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
4108h agoTau aggregates in Alzheimer's disease brains associate with specific proteins involved in synaptic, mitochondrial, and vesicle-trafficking functions, which can modulate Tau toxicity and seeding.
4108h agoPineal gland calcification is a regulated process that uses pathways normally required for bone formation, and involves specific gene networks related to development and inflammation.
4108h agoResting state effective connectivity measures led to worse classification results than resting state functional connectivity measures for psychiatric conditions.
4116h agoThe BOLD-filter method improves the detection of task-induced brain activity in functional MRI scans by isolating meaningful brain networks and revealing clearer patterns of brain function.
4120h agoThe brain's fuel expenditure is tightly controlled to meet its energy needs, and a protein called SLC13A5 plays a critical role in this process by regulating the activation of glycolysis in brain cells.
4128h agoThe interplay between Unc13A and Unc13B proteins orchestrates short-term synaptic plasticity by combining depressing and facilitating components, enabling more accurate models of neural computation.
4128h agoBrain-wide recordings in flies reveal complex neural activity, and a new microscopy method called light beads microscopy (LBM) captures fast neural dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution.
4128h agoEngineered GCaMP8-based indicators, targeted to synaptic compartments, accurately capture Ca2+ dynamics with speed and sensitivity comparable to chemical dyes and electrophysiology.
4128h agoA low-cost instruction learning framework enables the rapid adoption of visual-language pathology applications, reducing the need for costly budgets and excessive computational resources.
4136h agoA thermodynamic cycle boosts the efficiency of absolute binding-free-energy calculations four- to eightfold by limiting protein–ligand relative motion.
4136h agoThe Caenorhabditis elegans receptor guanylyl cyclase GCY-9 regulates a mitochondrial stress response in the intestine that enhances mitochondrial function and stress resistance.
4140h agoPOCO, a unified forecasting model, accurately predicts future neural activity across different sessions and species, capturing both neuron-specific and brain-wide dynamics.
4144h agoAnimals combine a finite set of core motor primitives in flexible ways to meet diverse task demands through a process called skill-based imitation learning.
4144h agoA unifying framework links context and content through optimal transport, proposing that cognition dynamically aligns high-entropy contexts with low-entropy content to support learning, inference, and adaptive planning.
4144h agoThe brain's structural network is organized into modules of mixed cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions, with cross-modular pathways centralized through highly connected hubs in the subcortex.
4144h agoNeuronal activity lies on low-dimensional manifolds and can be described by a small number of latent variables that capture coordinated activity across neurons.
4144h agoDeep Neural Networks on analog physical substrates can operate with different thermodynamic constraints than digital computation, allowing inference to proceed reversibly with no minimum free energy cost.
4144h agoAn oculomotor brain-computer interface using a minimally invasive Stentrode device can record neural activity related to eye movements in a patient with ALS, allowing for robust classification of fixation and saccade.
4144h agoNoise affects the performance of digital memcomputing machines, inducing a chaotic transition that shifts these systems from solving problems successfully to failing, with the solvability correlating with the sign of the mean largest Lyapunov exponent.
4144h agoLaser resonances can exhibit irregular oscillations due to nonlinear effects, similar to the behavior of Van der Pol oscillators, and are influenced by nonlinearity, damping, and quantum fluctuations.
4144h agoShear-thickening fluids effectively reduce resonance amplitudes under harmonic excitation by acting as a damping force at resonance and behaving like an on-off force after resonance.
4144h agoThe Painlev\'e I tau function can be represented as a Fourier series, which is linked to multiple mathematical concepts, including partition functions and conformal blocks.
4144h agoThe quantum-classical correspondence in open quantum many-body systems reveals that classical dynamical behavior determines the level statistics of the steady-state density matrix, with chaotic dynamics leading to Wigner-Dyson statistics and regular dynamics yielding Poissonian statistics.
4144h agoIon-acoustic waves in a dusty plasma are investigated using two methods, Sagdeev pseudopotential analysis and reductive perturbation theory, which yield soliton profiles and provide a comparison between analytic and numerical solutions.
4144h agoThe duplication-divergence interaction principle shapes the evolving structure of networks into sparse graphs with specific structural traits.
4144h agoA methodology using recurrence plots and convolutional neural networks accurately infers control parameters in non-linear dynamical systems, enabling the reconstruction of a system's evolution.
4144h agoThe unique geometry of the two-dimensional tripartite Kagome lattice creates diverse families of spatially localized and time-periodic nonlinear modes known as discrete breathers.
4144h agoA unifying framework links context and content through optimal transport, proposing that cognition dynamically aligns high-entropy contexts with low-entropy content to support learning, inference, and adaptive planning.
4144h agoThe fluctuation-dissipation theorem helps turn a system's natural variability into information on its response to changes, and combining it with Koopman analysis breaks down response operators into understandable parts associated with the system's natural modes.
4144h agoA simple method solves the state evolution problem for a broad class of quantum models of interacting bosons, expressing the solution as an infinite series expansion with coefficients determined by a single polynomial function.
4144h agoKrylov complexity emerges as a reliable marker of quantum chaos, correlating directly with the Brody distribution, and consistently shows a characteristic peak in the chaotic regime that diminishes as systems shift toward integrability.
4144h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes uses a parallelized message-passing framework to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ and has a noise threshold of approximately 7.3%.
4144h agoThe $\beta$-ensemble's critical energy controls its characteristic timescales, with correlations present above and absent below this energy, and exhibits a correlation void where energy correlations are absent between a specific relaxation time and the Heisenberg time.
4144h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor of size k with the maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor of size N, and its equilibrium and algorithmic properties are similar to those of the matrix case.
4144h agoAperiodic dissipation induces steady-state localization in quantum systems through long-range phase correlations, enabling a new way to control localization.
4144h agoThe energy landscape of the Random Energy model changes in distinct phases as it is integrated along trajectories of the simple random walk on the hypercube, depending on the activity and value of the time integral.
4144h agoThe strong disorder renormalization group method reveals that bond-disordered antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains with power-law interactions exhibit a strong disorder fixed point distribution, leading to divergent magnetic susceptibility and specific patterns of entanglement entropy.
4144h agoDeep neural networks have repetitive structural elements that can be revealed by a new approach, which simplifies their structure and enhances understanding of their interactions.
4144h agoDisorder can induce a topological phase in an otherwise trivial insulator, and space-resolved topological markers reveal the role of fluctuations and correlations in local topology under Anderson disorder and vacancies.
4144h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
4144h agoQuantum algorithm software is being developed to solve key problems in condensed matter physics, and a co-design approach where algorithms, software, and hardware evolve together is critical to leveraging quantum computation for breakthroughs.
4144h agoFragility does not consistently correlate with microscopic energy barriers, but it does correlate with the macroscopic slope of energy barriers, and a strong correlation exists between microscopic energy barriers and structure-dynamics measures.
4144h agoDelays in feedback loops between the cortex and basal ganglia cause unusual movement patterns, leading to symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors and freezing, by destabilizing motor function.
4156h agoBrain charts specific to the Chinese population reveal distinct neurodevelopmental patterns and outperform Western-derived models in predicting healthy brain phenotypes and detecting pathological deviations.
4156h agoA new muscle model called JiSuJi accurately predicts muscle forces from neural activity patterns, outperforming existing models in accuracy and efficiency.
4156h agoLatin American countries face challenges due to an inconsistent framework for neurorights.
4160h agoSensory neurons transfer proteins to AMsh glia through extracellular vesicles, inducing neuroprotection during aging.
4160h agoA gene therapy approach restores levels of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase to near-normal in animal models, potentially treating Gaucher Disease and GBA-associated Parkinson's Disease.
4164h agoAuditory processing difficulties are linked to changes in brain activity, specifically a decrease in alpha wave power, when people try to focus in noisy environments.
4168h agoA new approach to handling delayed information in models of synaptic plasticity uses cascading eligibility traces to provide a precise memory for credit assignment at any delay.
4168h agoSleep involves physical stillness and disconnection from conscious control because the body synchronizes its vibrations with natural Earth frequencies to restore energy, recalibrate internally, and reorganize systems.
4168h agoNeural networks trained on large-scale EEG/EMG datasets can accurately decode silent speech from electroencephalography/electromyography with heterogeneous electrode placements.
4168h agoThe Multi-Band Brain Net (MBBN) framework discovers frequency-specific network interactions in the brain and predicts psychiatric and cognitive outcomes, such as depression, ADHD, and ASD, more accurately than previous methods.
4168h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
4168h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new EEG-to-text generation framework, enables the decoding of brain signals into Chinese sentences by aligning multichannel EEG signals with natural language representations.
4168h agoThe pynamicalsys Python module provides tools for analysing nonlinear dynamical systems, including trajectory simulation, bifurcation diagrams, and chaos indicators.
4168h agoCompetitive Dimerization Networks enable complex learning tasks such as multiclass classification through directed evolution, without digital hardware or explicit parameter tuning.
4168h agoThe phenomenological renormalization group method only detects scaling behavior in neuronal models when they are extremely close to a critical point.
4168h agoStructural alterations in coupled dynamical systems impact the response at each network node, with both asymmetry and non-normality of the alteration affecting global and local responses over time.
4168h agoThe Rule60 cellular automaton on a ring with a Mersenne number circumference has properties that can be used to construct all ground state configurations of the classical Newman-Moore model on a square lattice.
4168h agoA machine learning algorithm accurately computes the minimum control bounds required to confine particles within a region indefinitely using samples of orbits.
4168h agoTwo-dimensional superintegrable Riemannian metrics are likely real-analytic in isothermal coordinate systems.
4168h agoIntegrable differential identities and ensemble-specific initial conditions characterise relevant observables and state functions in random matrix theory, leading to solutions of modified KP equation and a new integrable chain for unitary and orthogonal ensembles.
4168h agoThe phenomenological renormalization group method only detects scaling behavior in neuronal models when they are extremely close to a critical point.
4168h agoThe Penalty Ensemble Method (PEM) helps to reduce the impact of uncertainty in deep learning models on Monte Carlo sampling by adjusting the acceptance rule to reject more configurations in uncertain regions.
4168h agoStructural alterations in coupled dynamical systems impact the response at each network node, with both asymmetry and non-normality of the alteration affecting global and local responses over time.
4168h agoVariational quantum algorithms built from analog quenches of a disordered Ising chain retain trainability longer when initialized in a many-body-localized phase than in a thermalized phase.
4168h agoCompetitive Dimerization Networks enable complex learning tasks such as multiclass classification through directed evolution, without digital hardware or explicit parameter tuning.
4168h agoThe spectral localizer framework for computing topological invariants of materials has been improved in three key ways: it requires a local spectral gap, relative bounds on the Hamiltonian and its derivative, and a refined numerical constant, enabling more precise predictions in complex systems.
4168h agoThe Gravitational Graph algorithm converts spatio-temporal series into complex networks by using the concept of gravitational force from physics, allowing analysis of hidden relationships and dependencies.
4168h agoA fast classical annealing scheme takes the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model to a low-energy configuration close to the ground state, with energy per spin converging to the ground state in the thermodynamic limit.
4168h agoNeural quantum states overcome challenges in determining molecular properties by introducing efficient algorithmic enhancements that improve accuracy and scalability.
4168h agoThe low Dirac modes in 3+1 dimensional pure SU(3) gauge theory localize at a mobility edge that appears at the deconfinement transition and is mainly influenced by the ordering of the Polyakov loop.
4168h agoInhibiting microglia activation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease prevents some astrocyte death and improves compensatory potential for motor deficits, but also perturbs structural rebuilding and affects functional outcome.
4168h agoMovement transitions increase theta power and frequency in the hippocampus, and instantaneous speed, not acceleration, primarily modulates theta frequency during locomotion.
4168h agoOverexpression of the protein alpha-synuclein does not result in vocalization deficits, but slightly increases the total number of complex vocalizations in mice.
4168h agoThe PET imaging radioligand [11C]CHDI-009R detects and quantifies mutant huntingtin aggregates in a mouse model of Huntington's disease with high accuracy and reliability.
4168h agoThe laminar neural mass model exhibits periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic oscillations and can display multifrequency activity, including delta-gamma, theta-gamma, and alpha-gamma couplings, which are impaired by alterations linked with Alzheimer's disease.
4168h agoAdaptive clutter filtering and aCompCor confound regression are the best methods for removing motion artifacts in brain activity imaging of awake mice, preserving functional connectivity patterns.
4168h agoA new software package called Image-Based Meta- & Mega-Analysis (IBMMA) provides a unified framework for analyzing large-scale neuroimaging datasets, handling missing data and offering flexible statistical modeling options.
4168h agoThe ipRGC method, which uses blue light to control pupil size, is effective in isolating the impact of pupil size on cognition without affecting alertness or task performance.
4168h agoA two-month exposure to chlordecone pesticide results in mostly normal behavior and a largely intact dopaminergic system in mice, but alters the visual response.
4168h agoThe brain processes complex sounds more strongly when they sound more natural, with areas involved in hearing and memory working together to judge auditory realism.
4168h agoSNCA downregulation using a targeted epigenome therapy reduces alpha-synuclein expression, aggregation, and motor deficits in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
4168h agoFocusing attention on one visual field can improve performance in the opposite visual field, and this effect depends on the balance of activity between the two sides of the brain.
4168h agoCombining stevia with a flavor modifier changes brain activity associated with taste sensation, making stevia more desirable by masking its bitterness and increasing its mouth fullness.
4168h agoMetabolic resilience enables older females to recover more fully and quickly from nerve injury than older males by directing early systemic adaptations that support energy homeostasis and redox balance.
4168h agoThe brain encodes the direction and location of fluid motions in reference to an animal's center-of-mass, allowing it to register complex flow patterns and guide adaptive behavior.
4168h agoMachine learning models detect and classify larval zebrafish behaviors, including spontaneous and stimulus-evoked actions, with high precision, providing a powerful method for studying neural control of behavior.
4168h agoNoradrenaline and microglia regulate the balance between brain plasticity and rigidity in the medial prefrontal cortex, enabling rapid social learning while protecting existing emotional circuits.
4168h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces changes in brain oscillations and connectivity by enhancing incoming excitatory long-term depression and inhibitory long-term potentiation through a resonance between theta stimulation and individual resting-state alpha rhythms.
4168h agoBlocking the C3aR target in the complement pathway does not rescue neurodegeneration or neuroinflammatory responses in models of tauopathy and endotoxemia.
4168h agoMeteorin, a neurotrophic protein, reduces neuropathic and inflammatory pain by targeting satellite glial cells and modulating their communication through connexin-dependent mechanisms.
4168h agoBilateral common carotid artery stenosis causes a larger decrease in capillary blood flow in the watershed area than in the middle cerebral artery territory, especially in the subcortical white matter.
4168h agoParvalbumin interneurons in the dorsal striatum have a distinct molecular signature that includes genes related to extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, synaptic organization, ion channels, and neurotransmitter receptors.
4168h agoThe R1441G mutation in LRRK2 causes progressive mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress in dopamine neurons, leading to reduced respiratory complex activity and decline in mitochondrial health.
4168h agoThe representation of different stimuli in the brain changes over time due to the dynamics of local neural circuits, which follows a pattern that can be explained by three key quantities: mean population activity and two types of response variability.
4168h agoLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by activating longevity pathways similar to those triggered by caloric restriction, including reduced protein synthesis and lipid storage.
4168h agoMutations in the protein FUS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by disrupting normal protein function and localization, leading to transcriptomic alterations, translatome deficits, and impaired axonal transport in motor neurons, with some effects differing by sex.
4168h agoThe precision of attention determines how much it attracts the brain's visual processing areas towards the focus of attention.
4168h agoThe physical interaction of artificial limbs with the body generates sensory signals that can drive a distinct representation of the artificial limb in the brain.
4168h agoVestibular and proprioceptive inputs help stabilize the trunk, and their contribution changes with different postures and walking speeds.
4168h agoAuditory and visual memories share a common sensory reinstatement mechanism, but auditory memories rely more on internally constructed representations and gist, whereas visual memories rely on perceptual details.
4168h agoThe human high-level visual cortex uses a multidimensional tuning principle to organize and represent categories, encoding multiple features and dimensions across category-selective areas.
4176h agoL2 proficiency affects how well brain activity matches up with language model representations, with high-proficiency individuals showing a stronger match in a network of brain areas.
4176h agoBehavioral modeling uses a virtual laboratory to integrate agent-based modeling with neural control, allowing analysis of simulated and experimental data on Drosophila larvae.
4180h agoImpaired vasomotor activity reduces inter-hemispheric BOLD coherence at 0.1 Hz in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, particularly in watershed areas.
4180h agoPreterm infants' brains develop differently than term-born infants' brains, with changes in connectivity strength and network organization that don't reach term-born infants' levels by term-equivalent age.
4180h agoChildren with developmental language disorder may use different brain areas and cognitive processes to learn statistical patterns, possibly as a compensatory mechanism, compared to their typically developing peers.
4188h agoMusic education in early childhood supports the development of spatial-temporal skills, and an algorithm based on Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets method confirms this effect.
4192h agoA new neural decoding framework called MIBRAIN enables brain-computer interfaces to decode brain activity across multiple individuals, improving accuracy and generalizability.
4192h agoHumans create external representations like language and art to express their inner states, which enables access consciousness, but the complexity of raw experience can't be fully reproduced, leading to an ongoing struggle to explain and understand conscious experience.
4192h agoLarge-scale AI models converge to similar internal representations that align with neural activity because they exhibit scale-invariance, a structural principle that also governs natural systems.
4192h agoNeuronal activity lies on low-dimensional manifolds and a new method using Normalizing Flows extracts coordinated activity across neurons, identifies key latent variables, and characterizes manifold geometry.
4192h agoFour neural theories of consciousness depend on recurrent local modules and a cognitive cycle operating on a global working memory with complex states.
4192h agoPartial synchronization in neuronal networks enables information processing through selective activation of neurons, and a new analysis approach allows studying network coherence at the single-neuron scale.
4192h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
4192h agoStimulating a small percentage of central neurons in a neural network enhances signal transmission between different parts of the network.
4192h agoHopfield models help explain how different biological systems work by showing how their functions emerge from collective dynamics.
4192h agoThe human eye is constantly in low amplitude motion during fixation, but the brain stabilizes the visual perception of objects, allowing people to perceive stable objects as stable and moving objects as moving.
4192h agoContrastive Learning As Manifold Packing (CLAMP) recasts representation learning as a manifold packing problem, effectively separating neural manifolds for accurate classification.
4192h agoThe Hodge decomposition breaks down changing brain networks into three key components that contain biologically interpretable features.
4192h agoA minimal theory of consciousness emerges from combining active inference models, which share features that point to a small set of theoretical commitments.
4192h agoPrecise control of neural activity deep in the brain can be achieved noninvasively by modulating a person's natural visual feed.
4192h agoA novel method accurately predicts the trade-off between temporal resolution and accuracy in auditory attention decoding by modeling correlations with a normal distribution, enabling efficient performance curve modeling.
4192h agoThe Latent Structured Hopfield Network (LSHN) model integrates attractor dynamics and an autoencoder architecture to form associative structures that support episodic memory, enabling robust memory retrieval and outperforming existing models in recalling corrupted inputs.
4192h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity.
4192h agoA slowly-varying time-dependent parameter causes delayed invasion in unstable homogeneous equilibria, affecting the position, decay, and spatial patterns of invasion fronts in various mathematical models.
4192h agoChimera states emerge in systems of identical oscillators on non-reciprocal higher-order structures, called m-directed hypergraphs, because of the directionality and higher-order topology, and are more easily found than with non-reciprocal pairwise interactions.
4192h agoThe nonlinear Dirac equation in 1+1 dimension has exact solutions with solitary waves that exist in the entire parameter plane and have energy divided by charge independent of the coupling constant.
4192h agoA machine-learning method maps complex patterns in reaction-diffusion systems to simple variables, enabling rapid synchronization of rhythmic spatiotemporal dynamics.
4192h agoNoise affects the ability of analog computers to solve complex problems, with solution-finding capability remaining intact below a certain noise threshold but rapidly deteriorating above it.
4192h agoThe nonlinear bouncer model exhibits transitions between superdiffusion, normal diffusion, subdiffusion, and complete dynamical freezing as a control parameter is varied.
4192h agoThe GRHT map has regions of coexistence where infinitely many stable periodic orbits exist, and these regions are polygons with a specific number of vertices that change in a nonlinear way as parameters vary.
4192h agoScientists create a fiber-based platform that allows for precise control over optical solitons, enabling them to trap, excite, and interact with solitons like particles.
4192h agoA generalization of the False Vacuum Skyrme model to any simple compact Lie groups leads to Hermitian symmetric spaces, where global minima correspond to self-dual solutions and spherically symmetric topological charge density.
4192h agoThe moduli space of parahoric $\mathcal{G}_{\boldsymbol \theta}$-torsors with a $D$-level structure has a Poisson structure that induces new algebraically completely integrable Hamiltonian Hitchin systems, unifying many integrable systems with regular singularities.
4192h agoBoolean networks have a negative linear relationship between the robustness and basin entropy of their network attractors.
4192h agoThe study applies Loewner equation to learning algorithms, suggesting two methods for learning one-dimensional time series based on its statistical-mechanical aspects.
4192h agoNonlinear interactions cause light to transfer from a boundary waveguide into photonic lattices with dispersive bands, but inhibit such transfer into lattices with flat bands.
4192h agoA family of matrix models has partition functions that are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy.
4192h agoThe Kuramoto model's stable equilibria on graphs resembling the Sierpinski gasket correspond to harmonic maps from the gasket to the circle, with a unique stable equilibrium existing in each homotopy class of continuous functions.
4192h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
4192h agoPartitioning chaotic systems into clusters allows for the creation of local reduced-order models that improve numerical stability, prediction accuracy, and long-term statistics.
4192h agoQuasi-homogeneous integrable systems have a specific arithmetic resonance condition on Kovalevskaya exponents that governs the emergence of fractional powers and breakdown of the Painlev\'e property.
4192h agoA non-adaptive control solution framework solves the practical output regulation problem for a class of nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters, unknown control directions, and uncertain exosystem dynamics.
4192h agoA higher-order Painlev\'{e}-type equation describes the Ising phase transition coupled to 2D gravity and is characterized by isomonodromic deformations of a rational connection on $\mathbb{P}^{1}$.
4192h agoUltralight bosonic dark matter forms a stable core at the center of galactic halos, supporting a discrete spectrum of collective modes that characterize its response to perturbations.
4192h agoThe dimensional reduction of gravity theories to two dimensions results in a system that can be deformed in two families of ways while keeping its integrable structure, specifically through an auxiliary field deformation and the embedding of the Yang-Baxter σ-model.
4192h agoA spinor system of weakly interacting bosons under external resonant excitation allows topological excitations, such as domain walls and half-vortex molecules, while a uniform scalar condensate does not.
4192h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space H2.
4192h agoThe extreme eigenstates of randomly-weighted adjacency matrices of random graphs show a transition from Poisson to Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble distributions as the graph average degree increases.
4192h agoA graph representation method can efficiently detect flat-folding inability in unsigned crease patterns that satisfy necessary conditions for origami.
4192h agoA simple framework uses automatic differentiation to solve inverse problems, and it accurately reconstructs spatial profiles in a conductor from magnetotransport measurements.
4192h agoThe recrystallization of amorphous phase change materials in non-volatile electronic memories occurs in the supercooled liquid phase, where atomic dynamics, fragility, and breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation between viscosity and diffusion coefficient are crucial for device performance.
4192h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibit robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
4192h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Models become more vulnerable to label-preserving adversarial attacks as they become more overparameterized, revealing a different pattern of vulnerability than standard robust error measures.
4192h agoFragility does not consistently correlate with microscopic energy barriers or structure-dynamics correlations, but systems with high structure-dynamics correlations can be either the least or most fragile.
4192h agoNoise affects the ability of analog computers to solve complex problems, with solution-finding capability remaining intact below a certain noise threshold but rapidly deteriorating above it.
4192h agoA new approach uses reinforcement learning to design scattering systems by modifying the transmission matrix to achieve specific power conversion and mode transmission properties.
4192h agoHopfield models help explain how different biological systems work by showing how their functions emerge from collective dynamics.
4192h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
4192h agoA non-Hermitian system with random nearest-neighbour tunnellings exhibits a delocalization-localization crossover in finite systems and enters a localized phase with infinitesimal disorder strength in the thermodynamic limit.
4192h agoA heuristic tensor network algorithm solves optimization problems on Ising spin-glass systems with up to a few thousand spins, providing competitive solutions to quantum annealers and a simulated bifurcation algorithm.
4192h agoMachine learning techniques can be used to simulate hard-to-sample systems, and a complete analytic study of the Sequential Tempering procedure provides a clear theoretical basis for its integration into Monte Carlo sampling and optimization.
4192h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity.
4192h agoA computational framework identifies Hamiltonians of interacting quantum many-body systems that host non-ergodic excited states by combining simulations with eigenstate-to-Hamiltonian construction.
4192h agoScientists construct local index formulas for quantum Hamiltonians with periodic boundary conditions, covering various dimensions and symmetry constraints.
4192h agoDeep linear networks with multiple outputs and convolutional layers follow a mixture of Gaussian distributions in their prior probability, and their statistics can be described using Bayesian analysis.
4192h agoGradient descent dynamics in deep linear networks are theoretically characterized, capturing effects such as wider networks performing better and hyperparameter transfer, and recovering accelerated power law training dynamics for certain data.
4192h agoRecurrent neural networks can accurately simulate the ground states of large spin systems and extract properties in the thermodynamic limit.
4192h agoRecurrent neural network wavefunctions provide accurate estimates of ground-state properties of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the thermodynamic limit, especially when combined with basis rotation or variational neural annealing.
4192h agoSupercooled liquids can be categorized into two distinct states, solid-like and liquid-like, based on their dynamic behaviors, and undergo a crossover between these states at a characteristic temperature Tx between the melting point and the glass transition temperature.
4192h agoPolarized light can drive quantum phase transitions in integer quantum Hall matter, and experiments with a quantum gas in a driven quasiperiodic optical lattice observe an interlaced phase diagram of localization-delocalization phase transitions.
4192h agoInfants as young as 2-5 months old have brain regions that respond more to scenes than other visual stimuli, and this scene selectivity develops before they can navigate independently.
4192h agoThe frontopolar cortex mainly encodes the most recently executed action, whereas other prefrontal regions show stronger activity in managing multiple goals, exploration, and decision-making.
4192h agoMotoneuron properties compensate for extra spikes by delaying subsequent spikes, restoring rate coding fidelity during behavior.
4192h agoOctopamine signalling plays a crucial role in larval learning by modulating dopaminergic neurons to orchestrate memory processes.
4192h agoThe optimal learning speed increases with pattern sparseness, and this relationship affects a network's maximal memory capacity, with differences in sparseness across brain regions possibly underlying differences in learning speed.
4192h agoOveractivation of OVLTGlut neurons contributes to hypertension by increasing sympathetic outflow and central sodium sensitivity through regulation of OVLTGlut-PVN/RVLM circuits, likely due to aldosterone-induced changes in ion channel expression.
4196h agoAPOE4 genotype causes early changes to metabolism in the central nervous system, including signs of metabolic stress, inflammation, and altered energy production.
4200h agoPerturbations in transcription factors and chromatin regulators disrupt neurodevelopmental timing, contributing to the development of schizophrenia by delaying or accelerating neural differentiation.
4200h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves myelination, reduces excessive neural transmission, and leads to better behavioral outcomes in mice with brain injury caused by neonatal intermittent hypoxia.
4204h agoLycium barbarum polysaccharides alleviate neurobehavioral impairments in mice with ischemic stroke by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
4208h agoElderly people have less frequent, slower, and smaller muscle responses to visual stimuli than younger people, and this decline in fast visuomotor network may result from deterioration of underlying circuits and a prioritization of stability over speed.
4212h agoThe brain's network organization can be understood across multiple scales using a new method that analyzes dynamic causal models and applies graph theory to optimize model evidence.
4212h agoDeepFace enhances facial analysis in mice by improving orofacial tracking and predicting cortical activity.
4212h agoA deep learning approach accurately segments human vagus nerve fascicles and epineurium from high-resolution imaging data, producing high-quality 3D maps of peripheral neural morphology.
4212h agoThe sensory innervation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues in patients with TMJ disorders consists mainly of unmyelinated, peptidergic sensory nerves and sympathetic fibers that innervate blood vessels, with patients with condylar hyperplasia having lower sensory nerve density.
4212h agoMicroglia play a key role in brain dysfunction caused by alcohol abuse, and a specific protein called MyD88 is a potential target for treating the harmful effects of alcohol on the brain.
4212h agoSensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion have distinct proteomic signatures across different compartments that reflect their specialized functions.
4212h agoThe EndoGenius platform, paired with DIA-NN, enables high-confidence identification of neuropeptides using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry, leading to a 100-fold increase in neuropeptide identification in Cancer borealis tissues.
4212h agoThe brain's complex structure is guided by a compact, low-dimensional blueprint that determines its function, and a new generative model can learn this underlying representation from neural connections.
4216h agoA novel framework called SAE-BrainMap directly aligns deep learning visual model representations with voxel-level fMRI responses, revealing a strong correspondence between model activations and cortical fMRI signals.
4216h agoA convolution-based data assimilation method improves parameter estimation and prediction quality in neuronal electrophysiology by accounting for spike timing precision.
4216h agoA novel model predicts future brain states from fMRI data with high accuracy by efficiently learning spatio-temporal information.
4216h agoPatients with major depressive disorder show altered neurovascular coupling, with changes in the relationship between neural activity and hemodynamic responses that vary across different stages of depression and recovery.
4216h agoRelying heavily on AI systems and digital tools risks impairing human memory and learning, particularly for skills that require expertise, critical thinking, and long-term retention.
4216h agoBrain2Vec, a new deep learning tool, classifies stress states from raw EEG recordings with 81.25% validation accuracy.
4216h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
4216h agoPeriodic signals can propagate along chains of neurons in a stable manner, according to an analysis of several standard neuron models, including FitzHugh-Nagumo, Morris-Lecar, Hindmarsh-Rose, and Hodgkin-Huxley.
4216h agoTensor formalism from theoretical physics unifies and solves optimization and ensemble modeling approaches to predicting synaptic connectivity from neuronal responses.
4216h agoCognitive science can build more generalizable theories by incorporating naturalistic experiments and computational models, which can be achieved by integrating recent progress in Artificial Intelligence and cognitive science.
4216h agoA new neural operator framework called NOBLE learns to predict the behavior of human neurons, capturing their variability and complex biophysical properties, and enables efficient generation of synthetic neurons.
4216h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
4216h agoA data-driven approach can predict tipping points in complex systems by monitoring fluctuations in a specifically designed observable that captures critical slowing down.
4216h agoPeriodic signals can propagate along chains of neurons in a stable manner, according to an analysis of several standard neuron models, including FitzHugh-Nagumo, Morris-Lecar, Hindmarsh-Rose, and Hodgkin-Huxley.
4216h agoA novel inverse modelling method can effectively recover unknown causal parameters from complex stochastic patterns by leveraging visual embeddings to produce robust representations.
4216h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
4216h agoA stochastic model integrating biophysical mechanisms predicts that axons exhibit superdiffusive dynamics with a power-law temporal correlation exponent of -1/2.
4216h agoThe Hamiltonian formulation describes the dynamics of active spherical and spheroidal particles suspended in a steady laminar flow through a straight duct.
4216h agoThe integrable quad equations are equivalent to a combined system of tetrahedron and octahedron equations.
4216h agoAlternative Lagrangian multiforms produce Euler-Lagrange equations equivalent to the ABS equations, and accounting for branch cuts in complex functions ensures existence and closure properties.
4216h agoA variation of Hirota's discrete KdV equation has two types of exact solutions: discrete Painlev\'e transcendent solutions and periodic solutions described by Painlev\'e-type ordinary difference equations.
4216h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
4216h agoQuantum-chaotic systems and localized systems have distinct properties, but at their boundary, a universal relation exists between spectral compressibility and wavefunction delocalization, described by the equation χ + D1 = 1.
4216h agoA novel inverse modelling method can effectively recover unknown causal parameters from complex stochastic patterns by leveraging visual embeddings to produce robust representations.
4216h agoWeighted graph states generated via variable-range interacting Ising spin systems can implement single- and two-qubit gates with fidelity exceeding classical limits by performing suitable measurements.
4216h agoMagnetic Resonance Imaging can be done at the nanoscale by combining strong local magnetic field gradients with control of electron spins in diamond.
4216h agoHilbert subspace imprint enables evasion of thermalization in quantum many-body systems by allowing initial states to overlap with a small set of eigenstates.
4216h agoThis article provides a brief overview of recent developments in the study of shear thickening in dense suspensions and discusses current models and their application to realistic flow conditions.
4216h agoIlluminating integer quantum Hall matter with polarized light drives quantum phase transitions, and experiments with a quantum gas in a driven quasiperiodic optical lattice observe an interlaced phase diagram of localization-delocalization transitions.
4216h agoA novel form of localization transition, called anomalous mobility edges, is found in quasiperiodic systems, separating localized from multifractal critical states.
4216h agoTensor formalism from theoretical physics unifies and solves optimization and ensemble modeling approaches to predicting synaptic connectivity from neuronal responses.
4216h agoNon-local interactions in a Bose-Einstein condensate generate an analog model of a Euclidean wormhole and affect the Casimir pressure.
4216h agoFoundation Neural-Network Quantum States (FNQS) leverage foundation models to define variational wave functions that can generalize to various quantum systems and tasks, enabling efficient estimation of challenging quantities and uncovering of quantum phase transitions.
4216h agoFinding near-ground states of certain sparse disordered quantum systems is hard for quantum algorithms if an efficient local learning algorithm exists for estimating the energy of a state of the system.
4216h agoFlat band superconductivity remains robust against disorder, requiring a finite critical disorder strength to localize fermion pairs and destroy superconductivity, proportional to the superconducting weight of the clean system.
4216h agoUrban sprawl follows a specific pattern of growth, with cities expanding in a branch-like way and their built-up area increasing in a piecewise linear relation with population.
4216h agoThe intrinsic cardiac nervous system has two distinct types of neurons, Npy and Ddah1, that play separate crucial roles in maintaining heart health and preventing sudden death.
4216h agoCanagliflozin improves learning and memory in male mice by boosting mitochondrial function, insulin signaling, and suppressing neuroinflammation, but has no effect in female mice.
4216h agoThe mammillothalamic tract (MTT) plays a critical role in memory, and its disruption, often caused by thalamic strokes, leads to memory impairments.
4216h agoLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) reverses changes in brain plasticity caused by morphine and reduces morphine preference in mice.
4216h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation does not induce greater pupil dilation than sham stimulation, but its effects are larger if the sham stimulation is perceived as less intense.
4216h agoReactive astrocytes use glutamine to fuel their metabolic demands, which in turn contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
4216h agoOld mice develop long-term memory dysfunction after ischemic stroke because inflammatory cells remove more synapses, with astrocytes playing a bigger role than microglia/macrophages in this process.
4216h agoNutrient consumption boosts memory function by releasing acetylcholine in the hippocampus through the vagus nerve, and this gut-brain pathway is disrupted by a Western diet.
4216h agoMaternal high-fat diet during lactation accelerates the development of tauopathy in offspring, with males being impacted earlier than females.
4216h agoThe basal ganglia and midbrain dopaminergic systems play a critical role in motor control, reward processing, and reinforcement learning. Or a more detailed summary: Newly generated mouse lines enable precise targeting of key neuronal populations, allowing for study of basal ganglia circuitry and dopaminergic neurons involved in motor control, reward, and neuropsychiatric diseases.
4216h agoPlaying action video games reshapes neural circuits by reallocating cognitive resources, enhancing integration of contextual information and refining motion processing, which leads to more efficient visuomotor decision-making.
4216h agoWord meanings from different languages share common patterns and are shaped by environmental factors, with climate playing a key role in explaining variations in meaning.
4216h agoDeep learning models trained on healthy individuals perform poorly on glioma patients, but transfer learning can help adapt these models to improve their accuracy.
4216h agoAmyloid-beta aggregates in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and parenchymal plaques in Alzheimer's disease have different compositions and structures, with distinct isoforms and post-translational modifications.
4216h agoA specific class of prefrontal projection neurons is gradually recruited to a memory trace through synaptic activity, and this process is required for remote memory retrieval.
4216h agoAstrocytes with the C9ORF72 mutation disrupt axonal transport and mitochondrial function in motor neurons, and correcting this mutation or improving astrocyte mitochondrial function restores normal axonal transport.
4216h agoGoal-directed object manipulation in cichlid fish is driven by the inferior lobe, a non-telencephalic brain structure.
4216h agoBrain activity does not show evidence of replaying items with an underlying graph structure during a post-learning resting state, even though it was detected during online memory retrieval.
4216h agoRespiration rhythms modulate neural activity in brain regions, including the basal ganglia, in a state-dependent manner, with coupling strength varying across sleep and wakefulness states.
4216h agoSomatosensory representations in the brain vary between individuals, and the location of these representations differs between brain mapping techniques, with variations of up to 84 mm found between subjects.
4216h agoAction Observation/Execution Neurons (AOENs) in multiple frontal brain areas respond in a similar way, showing brief and strong reactions to observed actions and simple object movements.
4216h agoSLP-2 levels are reduced in Parkinson's Disease brains, and overexpressing SLP-2 improves mitochondrial function, reduces oxidative stress, and protects dopaminergic neurons.
4216h agoVentral premotor area F5c can be used to control a brain-machine interface as effectively as primary motor and dorsal premotor cortex, especially in tasks like 2D cursor and robot avatar control.
4216h agoA new 22-channel TMS-fMRI configuration preserves whole-brain signal reception and achieves high signal quality by wrapping flexible RF coils around the participant's head and the TMS coil.
4216h agoAstrocytes with neuroprotective and neuroinflammatory functions can be distinguished and tracked using a new tool that detects a specific marker, allowing for a better understanding of their roles in neurological disorders.
4216h agoThe core clock gene Period1 (Per1) regulates circadian stability by modulating light-induced re-entrainment across the brain and body, and its loss accelerates clock realignment, providing protection against jetlag-induced disturbances.
4216h agoNewly identified optogenetic inhibitors, RubyACRs, effectively hyperpolarize neurons and lead to circuit-specific behavioral changes, expanding the optogenetic toolkit for circuit dissection in freely behaving animals.
4216h agoDynamic electrical potentials in the vestibular system enhance action potential generation by reducing outward K+ currents on both the inner and outer faces of the calyx.
4216h agoThe brain's sensorimotor and neuromodulatory pathways are assembled complementarily, with neuromodulatory neurons showing varied connections to sensory-motor brain regions and a specific organization pattern in their inputs.
4216h agoNiCLIP, a contrastive language-image pretrained model, accurately predicts cognitive tasks, concepts, and domains from brain activation patterns using large language models and deep learning techniques.
4216h agoCyclophosphamide-induced bladder pain in mice leads to long-lasting hypersensitivity, and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in the right central amygdala play a key role in driving this pain, while receptors in the left central amygdala sustain it.
4220h agoA dataset combining light and electron microscopy imaging reveals the connections between over 40,000 neurons and 30 million synapses in a 7-day-old zebrafish brain, enabling analysis of neural circuits.
4220h agoKinesins 1 and 3 regulate axonal trafficking of organelles in motor neurons, and their disruption leads to changes in cellular morphology, physiology, and behavior.
4220h agoNapping in older adults relates to changes in brain activity and reduced performance on working memory tasks, particularly at high load levels.
4220h agoA new virus-based tool called rAAV-miniBEND enables specific gene expression in brain endothelial cells, allowing for the modelling of cerebrovascular malformations and study of their causes.
4220h agoEnvironmental enrichment reduces food cravings by promoting specific brain adaptations that enhance inhibitory control and suppress certain excitatory neurons.
4232h agoNeural populations encode, integrate, and transform information over time by iteratively interacting and converging toward stable representations, with each population's internal context shaping what it communicates to other populations.
4232h agoLimited bedding and nesting impairs maternal care in mice, leading to abnormal attachment-like behavior in offspring, including increased anxiety-like behavior and avoidant-like attachment deficits.
4232h agoThe motion-vision pathway in butterflies integrates color and motion information, with different neurons responding to a broad or narrow range of colors to facilitate tasks like stabilization and target-tracking.
4232h agoMyelin sheaths form in a preferentially unidirectional way, guided by a Wnt gradient, and this directional extension is required for proper axon functions.
4232h agoMemorable images trigger stronger neural responses in the brain's inferotemporal cortex and hippocampus, and the hippocampus isolates a memory signal that is larger for more memorable images.
4232h agoCCorGsDB, a web-based tool, integrates co-expression networks to identify clock-regulated genes in specific regions of the mouse and human central nervous systems.
4232h agoA novel screening platform using human stem cell-derived neurons identifies genes that modulate a key marker of mitophagy initiation, providing insights into Parkinson's disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
4236h agoMechanical stress disrupts brain circuit stability by destabilizing network organization, but optogenetic stimulation and GABAergic signaling can promote recovery and regulate network resilience.
4236h agoTau aggregates in neurons lead to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in various conditions, and a dataset of PET scans from 33 healthy young to middle-aged adults provides a reference for studying tauopathies in non-geriatric populations.
4236h agoTectal interneurons control the accuracy and robustness of sensorimotor outputs, and serotoninergic neurons modulate these outputs to influence behavioral flexibility.
4236h agoSleep preserves the brain's ability to distinguish between different sounds, but intermittently disrupts sound processing, leading to local sensory disconnections.
4236h agoMale and female brains have different types of cells and connections that drive distinct behaviors, and researchers have identified 91 types of cells in the fly brain that are linked to these differences.
4236h agoCocaine withdrawal increases the brain's reward response to stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, which may explain why this stimulation therapy helps with addiction.
4236h agoContinuous flash suppression substantially suppresses V1 orientation responses in the brain, affecting how well the brain can process visual information.
4236h agoEEG microstate sequences from Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy controls show higher-order syntax properties, and their syntax characteristics differ, but these differences disappear when normalized to the group-specific first-order syntax level.
4236h agoBrain-machine interfaces can decode executed and imagined movements independently and simultaneously by identifying separate neural subspaces in the brain.
4236h agoFos expression marks neurons that are involved in memory retrieval, not those activated during memory formation.
4236h agoDiscarded cerebrospinal fluid sediments may contain potential biomarkers for brain diseases, including disease-relevant proteins that become deposited there.
4236h agoCerebrospinal fluid flow is mainly driven by the cardiac cycle, and a new method allows for quantitative measurements of this flow using functional magnetic resonance imaging scans.
4240h agoDrugs of abuse increase dopamine release in the brain by triggering a mitochondrial energy mechanism that enables sustained dopamine release, and blocking this mechanism can prevent addictive behaviors.
4240h agoThe brain organizes semantic information by representing concepts separately and encoding their relational links in distinct areas, specifically in the occipitotemporal cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.
4260h agoTwo new formulas calculate language dominance and multilingualism score by combining critical linguistic variables, providing a standardized way to quantify language proficiency in bilingual and multilingual individuals.
4260h agoA new form of synaptic plasticity called Behavioral Timescale Synaptic Plasticity (BTSP) enables rapid learning and changes in brain activity in seconds, and a generalized version of this rule can be used for unsupervised and supervised learning tasks in neural networks.
4260h agoSelective attention to a specific modality enhances semantic representations in the brain, allowing for better decoding of semantic content from brain activity when attention is paid to the stimuli.
4260h agoInfants as young as 10 months old replay visual experiences in their brains, reactivating sequences of events in a compressed and forward-moving order.
4260h agoInhibiting microRNA-134 reduces single neuron and network hyperexcitability in mice with epilepsy.
4260h agoWomen's brains have more densely organized white matter, which may increase their Alzheimer's risk, but perimenopausal women temporarily have similar white matter organization to men.
4260h agoFlies learn about object stability through physical interaction and develop a preference for immobile objects over mobile ones, and specific neurons in their brain play a key role in this process.
4260h agoThe molecular clock in the medial prefrontal cortex regulates sleep and mediates the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation.
4260h agoExperience disrupts hippocampal sharp-wave ripples in Alzheimer's disease mice by causing non-cholinergic pathological changes.
4264h agoAn improved approach to fitting Ising models to brain data allows for personalized modeling of structure-function relationships, enabling reproduction of functional connectivity and correlations with structural features.
4264h agoAltered lipid droplet metabolism contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease by disrupting mitochondria function and leading to cell dyshomeostasis.
4264h agoAlzheimer's disease hallmark lesions can exist without cognitive impairment, and researchers have now identified a genetic signature and a mouse model that helps explain why some people's brains can withstand these lesions.
4272h agoThe human brain processes information at a speed that often exceeds 10 bits per second, especially for unconscious processing that controls movement.
4280h agoDisruptions in myelin and axonal structures in Alzheimer's disease involve altered axon-glia signaling, paranodal architecture, and amyloid-β aggregation at the myelin-axon interface.
4280h agoSensory entrainment with auditory stimulation improves cognitive deficits in a rodent model of autism by modulating neural activity and enhancing power in brain oscillations.
4280h agoStructured missingness in data, where data are missing in a systematic pattern, undermines the accuracy of standard imputation techniques, but a novel hierarchical approach can better preserve multivariate structure and provide more reliable inferences.
4280h agoBrain functions involve interactions between local and brainwide signals, and a new analysis method reveals that neurons in different areas share variability linked to arousal.
4280h agoAge-related declines in GTP levels impair autophagy and endocytosis in neurons, but supplementing with nicotinamide and EGCG restores GTP levels and promotes clearance of damaged cellular components.
4284h agoLow-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation directly activates individual cortical neurons, causing rapid depolarization, entrainment, and changes in network coordination.
4284h agoMechanical forces, such as traction and shear stress, directly activate GABAB receptors without using the neurotransmitter GABA, through a process involving integrins and receptor structural changes.
4284h agoMore data and more channels improve the quality of EEG decomposition, but benefits continue to increase with more data, without reaching a plateau.
4288h agoAction observation therapy using humanoid robots shows promise in rehabilitation settings, with EEG analysis revealing similar neural responses to observing actions performed by humans and robots.
4288h agoCognition works by actively breaking symmetries in the world through a series of transitions, organizing and stabilizing intelligent behavior by resolving uncertainty.
4288h agoThe study identifies brain regions related to speech rate loss in primary progressive aphasia by integrating brain connectivity and gray matter information.
4288h agoAdvances in large language models have enabled AI agents to exhibit human-like behaviors, and a new scientific perspective, AI Agent Behavioral Science, emphasizes understanding these behaviors through systematic observation, intervention, and theory-guided interpretation.
4288h agoAesthetic judgments of images result from a combination of perceptual and cognitive factors, and a new database of 10,426 images with balanced beautiful and ugly ratings reveals that current research methods may magnify, underestimate, or miss effects due to limited aesthetic value ranges.
4288h agoA model for internal interfacial waves between two fluid layers with current and variable bottom is developed, leading to the derivation of the integrable Intermediate Long Wave Equation and its higher-order version.
4288h agoNeural network quantum state approach enables computation of both ground and excited states of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, allowing study of complex chaotic dynamics.
4288h agoDiscrete Lorenz attractors exist in three-dimensional discrete maps and have similar topology to the continuous Lorenz attractor, forming through different routes involving specific bifurcations and leading to diverse attractor topologies and spatiotemporal patterns.
4288h agoCoupled dissipative kicked rotors exhibit critical transitions in their phase diagram as coupling strength and range change, leading to complex spatiotemporal patterns and a unique domain-wall phenomenon.
4288h agoStochastic control dynamics interplay with a system's inherent instability to drive quantum phase transitions, and this interplay shows universal features that can be captured with a quantum control scheme.
4288h agoDigital Memcomputing machines explore their phase space efficiently over a wide range of parameters, thanks to long-range correlations that emerge from the coupling of fast and slow degrees of freedom.
4288h agoA novel regime of cavity soliton excitation in a Kerr resonator allows for the automatic excitation of single solitons without external perturbations, by setting the cavity detuning and pump desynchronisation parameters within a specific range.
4288h agoHappiness in a flourishing life means living a life of virtue, purpose, and contribution to the common good, not just personal pleasure.
4288h agoStochastic models exhibit two distinct branches of intrinsic growth rate, corresponding to alternative stable states, and the Ricker model undergoes a transition from a steady state to chaos under certain conditions.
4288h agoNon-integrable quantum field theories exhibit chaotic behavior with energy eigenvalues matching predictions of random matrix theory, whereas integrable theories show Poisson behavior.
4288h agoRegulatory functions in socioeconomic and biological systems scale systematically with their size and function, following different patterns depending on the system's structure and complexity.
4288h agoIntegrable Landau-Zener models with hyperbolic time dependence map to Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations, allowing for the identification and solution of a class of these models for N=2, 3, and 4.
4288h agoContact systems on a contact manifold are formulated using a Jacobi structure, allowing treatment of both cooriented and non-cooriented manifolds and enabling work with dissipative Hamiltonian systems.
4288h agoThe incompressible turbulent mixing of a passive scalar has an exact analytical solution, with its energy spectrum decaying universally over time, but pre-exponential factors depend on the Schmidt number.
4288h agoThe design of hidden units in Restricted Boltzmann Machines determines their ability to retrieve memories, with certain modifications improving recall performance by restoring ordered retrieval phases.
4288h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, a foundational model for spin glass systems, is extended to a mixed p-spin glass model with long-range interactions, allowing for the study of spin glass systems with higher-order interactions.
4288h agoA neuromorphic network learns complex dynamical systems best when input voltages maximise the number of its components working at their full range.
4288h agoMeasurement-induced phase transition plays a key role in the generative model of cognitive networks and the formation of the state of consciousness in the newborn-adult transition.
4288h agoStochastic control dynamics interplay with a system's inherent instability to drive quantum phase transitions, and this interplay shows universal features that can be captured with a quantum control scheme.
4288h agoInverse Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Hamiltonian Learning (iPINN-HL) approach integrates observational data and physical laws to accurately and efficiently infer Hamiltonian parameters.
4288h agoHappiness in a flourishing life means living a life of virtue, purpose, and contribution to the common good, not just personal pleasure.
4288h agoUrban sprawl follows a specific pattern of anisotropic growth with branch-like extensions, and its built-up area expands in a piecewise linear relation with population.
4288h agoA deep learning model called FerroAI accurately predicts phase diagrams and identifies new ferroelectric materials by analyzing a large dataset of phase transformations compiled from 41,597 research articles.
4288h agoA low-cost, mobile optically pumped magnetometer system with partial sensor coverage successfully recorded somatosensory-evoked fields and event-related changes in brain activity in response to nerve stimulation.
4288h agoFemale mice drink similar amounts of ethanol and have similar blood alcohol levels whether they are given access to it through test tubes or a volumetric drinking monitor.
4288h agoSaccadic suppression strength in monkeys and zebrafish larvae is a direct outcome of efficient state estimation in the presence of uncontrollable sensory and motor variability.
4288h agoDifferent metrics for measuring changes in brain connectivity give vastly different results, and choosing the right metric depends on the study population, design, and research question.
4288h agoKIT-13, a novel plasmalogen derivative, reduces neurological symptoms and neuroinflammation, and improves life span in a mouse model of Rett Syndrome.
4288h agoThe o2S2PARC platform supports collaborative and reproducible computational modeling and analysis with a range of applications, including neural interface simulations, personalized medical planning, and AI system training.
4288h agoDementia diagnosis models perform poorly across diverse cultural groups, but a new technique combining few-shot learning and domain alignment improves model adaptability and reduces performance gaps between White American, African American, and Hispanic populations.
4292h agoThe AIM and FInD vision tests are precise, reliable, and generalizable across multiple visual functions, measuring near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, form, and motion coherence with minimal bias.
4296h agoElevated theta-activity and reduced beta-activity in the subthalamic nucleus during movement suppression, and distinct oscillations in the cortico-subthalamic motor network, are linked to involuntary movements in Parkinson's disease patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
4296h agoHeightened brain reactivity to uncertain threats is associated with a worsening course of anxiety and depression symptoms in people with low exposure to negative life events.
4300h agoChronic activation of the Integrated Stress Response pathway promotes neurodegeneration by suppressing mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity, leading to neuronal death.
4300h agoDorsolateral prefrontal neurons integrate auditory and visual motion signals, and most of them respond to sensory stimuli, with some showing nonlinear interactions when combining both senses.
4300h agoNeuronal remodeling uses different mechanisms to eliminate specific types of dendrite branches under stress and developmental conditions.
4300h agoExercise's protective effects in Alzheimer's disease are due to molecular mediators that act on the neurogenic stem-cell niche in the dentate gyrus.
4304h agoDeep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis may be counterproductive during sleep, and different stimulation patterns have varying effects on cortical activity across sleep-wake cycles.
4308h agoHomotopic functional connectivity varies across the human cerebral cortex, with the lowest levels in association areas and the highest in primary sensorimotor regions, and this variation is linked to brain-wide functional synchrony.
4308h agoBrain activity from common fMRI tests mainly reflects cognitive differences, not other mental health issues, in hundreds of individuals studied.
4308h agoThe brain combines sensory information with past knowledge to infer cause-and-effect relationships, and individual differences in neurocognitive style and perceptual flexibility shape this process.
4308h agoInfants as young as 5 months old with atypical visual cortical connections are more likely to develop autistic symptoms, and these connections may link motion processing and social perception.
4308h agoBarrel cortex neurons process two types of tactile information, "stick" and "sweep" responses, which are inherited from the ventro-posterior-medial nucleus and the posterior medial complex, respectively.
4308h agoThe locus coeruleus regulates brain-wide neural dynamics through a specific organization of morphologically diverse but physiologically similar neurons that release norepinephrine in a region-specific manner.
4308h agoBrain regions associated with action observation and mentalizing play complementary roles in supporting social cognition through a predictive processing architecture.
4308h agoThe cAMP-mediated synaptic plasticity at CA3 commissural synapses onto CA1 neurons differs between the left and right hemispheres.
4308h agoEvolutionary changes in a neural circuit are unevenly distributed, with some features conserved and others rewired, reflecting the different ecologies and behaviours of two closely related species.
4308h agoHigher model order independent component analysis reveals that people with schizophrenia have abnormal brain connectivity, particularly hypoconnectivity between cerebellar and subcortical domains and hyperconnectivity between cerebellar and cognitive domains.
4308h agoTranscranial magnetic stimulation guided by hippocampal functional connectivity evokes and modulates hippocampal activity, and its effects vary with individual differences in brain connections.
4308h agoA new numerical technique accurately quantifies uncertainty in specific absorption rate (SAR) prediction, enabling safe and successful human imaging at 10.5T using high-field MRI systems.
4308h agoFibonacci scaled microtubular architectures in neural microtubules maintain quantum coherence longer through geometric optimization, helping to preserve cognitive function in HIV patients despite neuroinflammation.
4308h agoUsing sLASER for volume localization yields better test-retest reliability for most metabolites than using PRESS for HERMES and HERCULES multi-metabolite editing methods.
4308h agoTinnitus patients have a bigger volume of basal ganglia structures in the brain, which may play a role in the condition's development.
4308h agoThe size of neurons does not explain the complexity of the human brain; instead, the variation in neuron size is what drives the differences in brain complexity.
4308h agoAs reading progresses, it becomes more difficult to hold the eye still, with fixations becoming wider and eye movements less precise over time.
4308h agoSpatial attention helps people construct simple and useful mental representations of their environment, which in turn aids planning, by controlling which task information enters awareness.
4312h agoA spiking neural network model with a learning mechanism links cognitive decision-making models to biological neural activity, bridging the gap between cognitive and biological models.
4312h agoThe Context-Content Uncertainty Principle provides a framework for understanding cognition as a cycle of inference that organizes the flow of information between context and content.
4312h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients give rise to active inference dynamics.
4312h agoA new scientific perspective, AI Agent Behavioral Science, emphasizes understanding the behavior of AI agents by studying how they act, adapt, and interact over time in different contexts.
4312h agoData characteristics, such as cluster separation and size imbalance, largely determine the accuracy and reproducibility of neuroimaging-based clustering methods used to stratify patients into subtypes.
4312h agoSpikeSift, a new spike-sorting algorithm, matches or exceeds the accuracy of current methods while running an order of magnitude faster on a standard desktop computer.
4312h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference from previous information accumulates, with retrieval accuracy dropping sharply as the model encounters more semantically related updates.
4312h agoScale invariance emerges in a deterministic version of the Game of Life, with equal-state clusters showing critical dynamics and power-law distributions of cluster sizes.
4312h agoFollowerstopper, a control system on an autonomous vehicle, regulates its velocity to mitigate traffic jams by preventing collision with the lead vehicle and attenuating emanant traffic waves.
4312h agoA Trotter transition occurs at a specific time step value, separating two regimes of chaotic dynamics in the integrable BCS model, one with weak chaos and the other with short temporal correlations.
4312h agoA data-driven approach controls a class of nonlinear systems by combining traditional control with a learning algorithm that uses observed input-output data to approximate the internal model.
4312h agoThe study solves an inverse scattering problem for a third-order linear differential equation with complex-valued potentials, recovering the potentials from scattering data.
4312h agoA new theoretical framework analyzes learning dynamics in deep learning by redefining linearity and nonlinearity in neural networks, revealing distinct collective behaviors and learning phases that can explain key phenomena such as grokking.
4312h agoMamba-ProbTSF, a dual-network framework based on the Mamba architecture, accurately captures predictive uncertainty in time series forecasting, with the true trajectory staying within the predicted uncertainty interval about 95% of the time.
4312h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate, accumulating 80-90% of total probability, above a certain chaos border of nonlinearity.
4312h agoThe localization of light in photonic lattices with inhomogeneous disorder follows a stretched exponential function and has an asymmetric profile.
4312h agoFluid mercury exhibits neutral atom-like screening at densities less than 9.25 g/cm$^3$ at a temperature of 1750 K, where a gap emerges in the electronic density of states.
4312h agoThe spin-field trajectories of sequential dynamics on the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with Ising spins are described by a unique solution to a system of integro-difference equations.
4312h agoAmorphous materials display a generic aging phenomenon when subjected to slow periodic driving, characterized by a logarithmic decay of dissipation per cycle.
4312h agoQuantum algorithm software is being developed to solve key problems in condensed matter physics, and a co-design approach where algorithms, software, and hardware evolve together is critical for progress.
4312h agoThe quantum Parisi formula is proven for the transverse field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model using an elementary mathematical method.
4312h agoGenerative models reveal that network structure and dynamics interplay in low-dimensional spaces, with two main reconstruction classes: fixed-time methods and multi-scale methods.
4312h agoA new methodology accurately calculates electron-phonon interactions in complex materials, resolving discrepancies between calculated and experimental band gaps in halide perovskites.
4312h agoScientists construct a reliable lattice and integer time version of a super-diffusive fractional Brownian motion, a process with a power-law memory that mimics thermal noises over time.
4312h agoWater shows a crossover from a strong to a fragile liquid, characterized by different glass-transition temperatures and temperature dependences of molecular dynamics.
4312h agoThreat history facilitates visual search by enhancing adaptive attentional suppression of distractors that appear at expected locations.
4312h agoDifferent nAChR subtypes are strategically positioned in discrete synaptic domains within single motor neurons, where they serve non-redundant roles.
4312h agoSynaptic connectivity can accurately identify neuronal cell types, and a new method called NTAC uses this approach to group neurons into cell types with over 95% accuracy in semi-supervised cases and around 70% accuracy in unsupervised cases.
4312h agoMice with disrupted bilateral whisker input organization can still accurately determine which side of their face is touched, because their brain adapts to process the abnormal sensory input.
4312h agoHuman-made environments cause higher melanopsin, luminance, and ipRGC excitations compared to natural environments.
4316h agoMutations in KCNA1 disrupt neurodevelopment, causing intellectual disability, epilepsy, and behavioral problems, by altering the function of the voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.1.
4316h agoCholinergic agents modulate GABAergic inputs to PnO neurons, either depressing or facilitating inhibition, which can lead to a relief of GABAergic inhibition of PnO neurons and control rapid eye movement sleep.
4316h agoThe pharyngeal sensory system in Drosophila melanogaster larvae consists of 15 sensilla with four mechanosensory, nine chemosensory, and two dual-function sensilla, and provides a foundation for future studies of sensory perception in insects.
4316h agoA new two-photon microscopy system enables single-cell resolution imaging of neural activity across a large area of the brain, allowing visualization of brain structures and neuronal activities from superficial layers to deep areas.
4316h agoSmall tau aggregates differ in abundance, morphology, and post-translational modifications across tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.
4320h agoActivating the OXR1 gene and deactivating the EMC4 gene control the formation of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein aggregates, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies.
4320h agoTargeting the HTT1a transcript is more effective at delaying HTT aggregation and transcriptional dysregulation than targeting full-length HTT.
4320h agoTraining context determines how and what people learn during motor adaptation, with people learning more implicitly and generalizing their learning differently depending on whether they train with targets of equal amplitude in different directions or targets of varying amplitudes in a single direction.
4324h agoSensory reliability affects how well barn owls can localize sounds, with more reliable cues leading to better sound localization and the relationship between neuronal responses and behavioral performance depending on both tuning and variability of neuronal responses.
4324h agoOxytocin and dopamine systems interact to modulate social safety learning, with oxytocin enhancing learning when dopamine signaling is intact, and both systems being required for responding to trust violations.
4324h agoDisrupted cholesterol metabolism impairs neurons, with brain-derived cholesterol metabolites 24S-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol directly interacting with alpha-synuclein to promote its accumulation and cause neuronal dysfunction.
4324h agoHippocampal neural activity in mice encodes both environmental location and experience relative to rewards, spanning long distances from the reward.
4328h agoMEMnets integrate statistical mechanics with deep learning to identify the slowest collective variables for biomolecular dynamics, effectively capturing memory effects.
4332h agoDendritic calcium-mediated action potentials enable single neurons to learn and represent individual items from a continuous stream of mixed information by organizing synapses with correlated activities.
4332h agoOxytocin receptors in the anteromedial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) help control social approach and vigilance behaviors after stress, especially in response to more distant social stimuli.
4332h agoThe hippocampus and the left angular gyrus play separate roles in retrieving and expressing precise memories of spatial locations.
4332h agoChronic treatment with synthetic glucocorticoids disrupts cognitive function and alters synaptic structure and plasticity in the brain.
4332h agoA neural network model developed to perform visual search directly from pixels in natural scenes replicates human-like behavior, scanpaths, and neural activity, and makes testable predictions about internal representations and prioritization.
4332h agoInstruction-tuned multimodal large language models generate brain-aligned representations, particularly when using task-specific instructions, and their layers align hierarchically with the brain's processing areas.
4336h agoThe brain uses prior predictions to reduce neural responses when recognizing expected words and shows increased anticipatory activity before expected words are heard.
4336h agoSecond-person neuroscience models social cognition as embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where affect emerges from inference over identity-relevant surprise and is computed from self-model prediction error.
4336h agoThis work examines fundamental elements of spiking neural networks, focusing on neuronal units, hyperparameters, input encoding, and excitatory-inhibitory populations, and how they impact the behavior of two foundational neuron types.
4336h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference accumulates from previous information, revealing a working memory bottleneck that limits their ability to flexibly manipulate information.
4336h agoEye tracking can provide objective insights into brain function and cognitive processing by analysing eye movements, and it may serve as a preliminary indicator of neural processes for differential diagnosis.
4336h agoEnteric ganglia in adult mice are ten times more resistant to deformation than brain tissue, with glia-rich and neuron-rich regions having similar stiffness to surrounding smooth muscle.
4336h agoPrecise control of neural activity deep in the brain can be achieved noninvasively by modulating a person's natural visual feed.
4336h agoA neural network estimator and a new acquisition function improve the efficiency and reliability of adaptive psychophysical procedures for measuring multi-dimensional psychometric functions.
4336h agoLarge Language Models have a concerning property: they destroy up to 80% of unrelated knowledge when learning contradictory facts, and this problem persists even with targeted network updates.
4336h agoFlexible tool selection is achieved through a framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, with a model accuracy of 74% on tool selection tasks.
4336h agoFlow-Lenia, a mass conservative extension of Lenia, generates spatially-localized patterns with complex behaviors and can be optimized to produce life-like creatures with behaviors of interest.
4336h agoThe study of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equations in an ideal fluid with irrotational motion yields families of traveling wave solutions, including solitary and periodic solutions.
4336h agoThe Schr\"odinger equation is solvable by quadrature if and only if its meromorphic potential is reflectionless and absolutely integrable on $\mathbb{R}\setminus(-R_0,R_0)$ for some $R_0>0$.
4336h agoIntroducing appropriate incident momentum promotes the generation of second-order rogue waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with weaker interspecies interactions.
4336h agoLarge learning rates can shift neural network optimization from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, allowing for faster training and improved accuracy.
4336h agoThe study of the Feingold-Peres model reveals that few-body systems with chaotic classical limits exhibit statistical properties of observables consistent with random matrix theory universality.
4336h agoA new framework solves multiplayer games on graphs with any number of strategies by linking them to the Balls-and-Boxes problem, allowing for the analysis of games on structured populations.
4336h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy for the 1D and 2D Fermi-Hubbard models compared to pure fermionic tensor networks.
4336h agoNative ring structures in amorphous networks determine their properties by hosting dopants, and a new computational framework called Indistinguishable Simulated Folding efficiently simulates structural anisotropy in these networks.
4336h agoMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets provide a way to detect disorder, and spectroscopic lines can serve as a signature of disorder, allowing for its quantification and characterization.
4336h agoA new decoding scheme uses a trained quantum circuit to correct errors in real-time, allowing for faster error correction that matches the speed of quantum operations.
4336h agoAn artificial neural network machine learning interatomic potential accurately describes the thermodynamics and kinetics of the La-Si-P system, enabling reliable molecular dynamics simulations.
4336h agoA tight-binding model with quasi-periodic nature has macroscopically degenerate zero-energy modes and exhibits a characteristic sublattice dependence of particle density distribution that belongs to a class-I hyperuniform distribution.
4336h agoLarge learning rates can shift neural network optimization from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, allowing for faster training and improved accuracy.
4336h agoA neural network-based algorithm accurately and efficiently computes multiple low-lying excited states of quantum many-body spin systems without needing explicit state orthogonalization.
4336h agoTransformers can approximate exact inference algorithms when trained on specific tasks, and they learn to include correlations at increasing distances through sequential layers during training.
4336h agoA universal framework classifies quantum states based on their correlation structure at different scales, defining intrinsic length scales and providing a novel approach to understanding quantum matter.
4336h agoNode heterogeneity is not necessary for network communities to emerge, and communities can form as an emergent property of networks evolving with local rules.
4336h agoThe proposed spectral algorithms achieve the optimal reconstruction threshold for weakly reconstructing the relevant index subspace in a Gaussian multi-index model.
4336h agoUniversal conductance fluctuations in mesoscopic devices depend on Fermi energy and increase with growing anisotropy, deviating from the standard Altshuler-Lee-Stone theory.
4336h agoThe bistable behavior of spinal motoneurons, which enables them to switch between a quiescent state and self-sustained firing, mainly depends on the interplay between several intrinsic ionic mechanisms, primarily driven by the calcium-activated nonspecific cation current.
4336h agoAlpha-synuclein protein variants associated with Parkinson's disease have different effects on forming biomolecular condensates, with some increasing and others decreasing condensate formation, contributing to disease through divergent pathways.
4336h agoCardiac signals influence people's experience of the urge to move, with the timing of their actions often aligned with the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle.
4336h agoAutomatic LSS integration relies on shared neural circuits for both newly learned and overlearned associations, but overlearned associations uniquely recruit brain activity in the left parietal cortex.
4340h agoBasal forebrain cholinergic neurons modulate cortical circuits through two main hubs: layer 1 inhibitory neurons and layer 6 excitatory neurons.
4340h agoTranscription factors EBF3 and BCL11B are involved in the development of arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons, while FOXP1 and FOXP2 are involved in the development of oxytocin (OXT) neurons.
4340h agoSaccades impair the processing of semantic category information in naturalistic scenes, causing a reduction in scene categorization accuracy and degraded neural representations of scene categories immediately after the saccade.
4340h agoMacrovascular correction enhances the relationship between EEG and rs-fMRI metrics, and sex and EEG complexity are significantly associated with resting-state functional activity.
4340h agoAlcohol exposure in the third trimester equivalent causes long-lasting changes in brain activity, including decreased firing rates and altered neural patterns, in areas necessary for spatial learning and memory.
4348h agoCell-type heterogeneity in brain cells declines in regions that generate seizures, and a single ionic current can tune this heterogeneity, which can be restored by blocking this current.
4348h agoBinge drinking activates a small group of neurons in the brain that reduces further alcohol consumption by sending signals to another part of the brain.
4352h agoChanges in synaptic input statistics drive changes in neural diversity through intrinsic plasticity, which in turn affects network heterogeneity.
4356h agoReduced GluN2A expression alters the susceptibility of hippocampal circuits to seizure-like activity in a model-dependent manner, potentially by changing intrinsic or synaptic excitability.
4356h agoPupil-linked arousal modulates activity in different types of neurons in the auditory cortex through diverse response patterns, affecting their response strength, encoding, and frequency selectivity.
4356h agoStress modulates itch through a specific population of neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) that project to brainstem regions, suppressing itch when activated and enhancing itch when inhibited.
4356h agoGene therapy with AAV9-CSA vector increases lifespan and improves conditions in a mouse model of Cockayne Syndrome by addressing deficiencies in DNA repair and mitochondrial metabolism.
4356h agoLarge language models' human-like behaviors emerge from their interaction with their environment and goals, not just their internal design, and require a new scientific approach called AI Agent Behavioral Science to understand and govern their actions.
4360h agoA neuronal network model, inspired by the Ising model, transitions from asynchronous to synchronized activity as its temperature-like parameter increases, exhibiting complex behavior similar to patterns found in cortical recordings.
4360h agoConstraints in natural intelligence, such as limited neural bandwidth and energy, promote efficiency, adaptability, and creativity, and similar "less is more" principles can be used to develop more efficient and interpretable artificial systems.
4360h agoHeterogeneity in intrinsic neural timescales within the frontal cortex enhances performance in a context-dependent working memory task by balancing fast and slow timescales.
4360h agoA large dataset of brain activity, eye movements, and mental states helps develop algorithms to handle eye movements and improve the accuracy of decoding users' thoughts and intentions.
4360h agoThe combination of spiking neural networks and Lempel-Ziv complexity creates an efficient and interpretable classifier for spatiotemporal neural data.
4360h agoA new benchmark dataset, NSD-Imagery, allows assessment of how well fMRI-to-image reconstruction models perform on mental images, and reveals that model performance on mental images is largely unrelated to performance on seen images.
4360h agoBiologically plausible learning rules, such as e-prop, can achieve neural data similarity comparable to Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) when matched for task accuracy.
4360h agoAn endovascular brain-computer interface can record neural activity related to eye movements and translate it into control commands in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
4360h agoOpen data and open science principles in neuroscience will transform understanding of the nervous system, and new social structures and active communities are needed to facilitate their wider adoption.
4360h agoA novel framework called ST-USleepNet accurately extracts sleep features and staging by modeling spatial-temporal patterns from raw sleep signals.
4360h agoMindLLM, a new model, decodes fMRI signals into text with improved performance across subjects and tasks.
4360h agoInitializing random recurrent neural networks with a tailored distribution enables robust FORCE learning for stable and accurate target-learning.
4360h agoComputational imaging approach Neuroimaging with Oblong Random Acquisition (NORA) enables fast imaging of neural circuits by quickly acquiring microscopy video frames through subsampling and recovering full video sequences.
4360h agoTen elementary cellular automata rules have properties that make them suitable as a hash function, including error minimization and maximization, unique solutions, and efficient retroactive hashing.
4360h agoStochastic Gradient Descent calibration accurately models the chaotic dynamics of the Sprott circuit by optimizing control parameters and a variable resistor to match experimental data.
4360h agoHigher-order interactions in coupled oscillator networks simultaneously expand and contract the stability of different states, and modify potential well depths, leading to asymmetry in stability and resistance to noise-induced transitions.
4360h agoThe free energy principle explains resilience as a process of self-reorganisation that maintains identity through constant reconfiguration under changing conditions.
4360h agoA novel symbolic partition method, called Koopman Analysis (KA), uses Koopman operator theory to divide multivariate chaotic time series into precise symbolic cells.
4360h agoThe full symmetric Toda system is integrable according to the Lie-Bianchi criterion because it has a solvable Lie algebra of vector fields on its phase space that leaves the system invariant.
4360h agoBäcklund-Darboux transformations for integrable hierarchies of nonlinear equations, such as KP and BKP, can be extended to fully discrete versions using the bilinear formalism and the operator approach with free fermionic fields.
4360h agoThe GBDT approach constructs explicit solutions of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation using an exponential seed.
4360h agoMultipotentialisation of evolution equations leads to nonlocal transformations and invariance transformations that can generate solutions for a chain of potential equations.
4360h agoSubcritical Turing bifurcations lead to the spontaneous onset of well-developed localised patterns in large domains through the homoclinic snaking mechanism when source and loss effects are balanced in a reaction-diffusion system.
4360h agoTwo types of soliton solutions, transverse and longitudinal solitons, exist in a rhombic one-dimensional lattice, with longitudinal solitons found outside, on, and under the forbidden gap and discrete solitons derived from a wave packet at the Brillouin zone center.
4360h agoA new approach to discrete Painlev\'e equations views them as transformations in 3D space that preserve a set of quadrics, and classifies them based on the properties of these quadrics.
4360h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate, accumulating 80-90% of total probability, above a certain chaos border of nonlinearity.
4360h agoHeterogeneity in intrinsic neural timescales within the frontal cortex enhances performance in a context-dependent working memory task by balancing fast and slow timescales.
4360h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space $H^2$.
4360h agoMinimal nonlinearity is sufficient and often optimal for sequence modeling tasks, enabling simpler, more robust, and more interpretable models.
4360h agoParametric classes of Lotka-Volterra systems with additional linear Darboux polynomials are associated with admissible loopless hypergraphs, and a new 13-parameter 5-component superintegrable Lotka-Volterra system is presented.
4360h agoThe model introduced by Volterra is maximally superintegrable and reducible to a system with only one degree of freedom regardless of the number of species considered.
4360h agoThe nonequilibrium steady state of an open quantum system can be integrable independently of the Liouvillian, and its structure shows relevant contributions from Pauli strings of all possible lengths.
4360h agoThe onset of turbulence in pipe flow is preceded by transient turbulent spots or puffs that have distinct characteristics, including longevity, abrupt relaminarization, and super-exponential lifetime scaling, which are explained by a noisy saddle-node bifurcation derived from the Navier-Stokes equations.
4360h agoOscillons in global anti-de Sitter space have resonance structures in their lifetimes based on their core size and curvature radius.
4360h agoThe study identifies a resonance condition in turbulent flows that causes non-Gaussian behavior and bursts in passive tracer transport, occurring when zonal and shear flow phase speeds are equivalent.
4360h agoThe condensate impacts the properties of elementary excitations in a Gross-Pitaevskii chain with an incommensurate periodic potential, exhibiting a nontrivial mobility edge with branching and fractal states.
4360h agoOver-parametrized deep neural networks develop a solid-liquid-solid structure, where parameters near the input/output boundaries are strongly constrained by training data, while those in the center remain largely free, allowing for good generalization ability.
4360h agoA completely analog framework emulates universal quantum gates and algorithms using electronic circuits made of operational amplifiers, resistors, and capacitors.
4360h agoSupercooled liquids can be categorized into two distinct states, solid-like and liquid-like behaviors, based on their dynamic features, and undergo a crossover between these states at a characteristic temperature.
4360h agoA tunable artificial spin lattice platform reveals a quantitative correlation between static disorder and dynamic spectral complexity in nanomagnet systems.
4360h agoFlat band superconductivity remains robust against disorder, requiring a finite critical disorder strength to localize fermion pairs and destroy superconductivity, proportional to the superconducting weight of the clean system.
4360h agoA neural-network-based approach accurately calculates absorption spectra for large molecules with over 50 electrons by combining neural quantum ground states with the kernel polynomial method.
4360h agoNon-Hermitian systems exhibit a direct link between their spectral structure and computational capacity, enabling a tunable learnability threshold for temporal quantum machine learning.
4360h agoFeature-learning deep nets collapse data into a regular low-dimensional geometry through the collective action of factors like nonlinearity and noise.
4360h agoBanded random matrices show weak long-range energy correlations in their nonergodic phase, despite lacking short-range correlations.
4360h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function exhibits GUE-type oscillations at low energies and a power-law decay at high energies in the L'evy-Rosenzveig-Porter random matrix ensemble.
4360h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of oscillations in their activation function.
4360h agoThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to recent advances in applying machine learning methods to quantum sciences, covering topics such as deep learning, kernel methods, and quantum machine learning.
4360h agoPeriodic driving leads to rich topological phases in a one-dimensional array of randomly pointed Rydberg atoms, exhibiting robust amorphous topological phases with edge modes.
4360h agoTuning the strength of impurities can reverse the chirality of a topological insulator, inducing a phase transition to a topological Anderson insulator.
4360h agoPeriodic driving of particles creates crystalline structures in their dynamics, which can be used to study solid-state physics phenomena in the time domain and engineer photonic time crystals.
4360h agoA novel spiking artificial neuron design uses a combined spin valve/magnetic tunnel junction to mimic biological neural behaviors with low power consumption and fast operation.
4360h agoUltracold polar molecules with a spin degree of freedom can become entangled through collisions, leading to spin decoherence, and molecular loss can suppress collective spin decoherence through a mechanism called "loss-induced quantum autoselection".
4360h agoHyperbolic GRU neural quantum state ansatz performs comparably to or better than Euclidean RNNs in approximating ground state energy for quantum many-body systems.
4360h agoLarge Language Models reach peak performance by operating at a critical point, where they can generalize from minimal data and solve complex problems.
4360h agoHigher resolution imaging and certain tractography methods improve the accuracy of short-range association fiber reconstruction, and using these techniques can lead to more accurate mapping of brain connections.
4368h agoMacromolecules are cleared from cerebrospinal fluid by moving from periarterial to perivenous spaces where arteriovenous spaces overlap.
4372h agoOlfactory impairment in Alzheimer's disease is linked to genetic and environmental risk factors, including APOE genotype, age, diet, and immune status, which affect brain networks and molecular signatures.
4372h agoLRRK2 kinase activity and Rab12 phosphorylation are increased in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Dementia with Lewy bodies, and are associated with tau and alpha-synuclein pathology.
4372h agoAn automated analysis pipeline called TURBO enables efficient and reproducible analysis of tissue perfusion and metabolism at regional and voxel level using total-body PET imaging.
4372h agoRepetitive mild traumatic brain injury causes neural injury in mice without affecting amyloid deposition, sleep patterns, or epileptiform activity.
4372h agoDisruptions in the balance between excitation and inhibition within specific brain areas contribute to behavioral abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder.
4372h agoThe interaction between Beaten Path and Sidestep proteins is required for establishing proper connectivity of motor neurons with muscles.
4376h agoPOLG mutations disrupt early brain development by impairing mitochondrial function and altering the fate of neural progenitor cells, but metformin can mitigate these effects by restoring mitochondrial function and promoting neuron production.
4376h agoPatients with early psychosis have altered brain connectivity, particularly between sensory-motor, default mode, and subcortical networks, which is associated with cognitive inflexibility and arousal dysregulation.
4376h agoChildhood maltreatment affects brain structure differently in young adults and children, with abuse and neglect linked to changes in brain volume, thickness, and surface area, especially in young females.
4376h agoMicroplastic particles have no major effect on the behavior or neurochemistry of fish, except for reducing their movement in certain sensory-motor tests.
4376h agoTargeting peripheral GABAA receptors with a novel compound, Li633, reduces visceral hypersensitivity and pain in rat models of irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.
4376h agoAir pollution exposure is associated with changes in children's hippocampal structure and memory performance, with specific pollutants like organic carbon, ozone, and traffic pollution linked to differences in hippocampal diffusion, volume, and learning ability.
4376h agoHippocampal theta oscillations respond to effort and movement, with theta frequency and power peaking during the paw push motion in a string-pulling task, and theta phase aligning during the pull motion that advances the string forward.
4376h agoNeural activity related to error detection is present in the speech motor cortex and can be decoded to enable a brain-to-text speech neuroprosthesis to identify its own errors with up to 86% accuracy.
4376h agoRadiomics features extracted from thalamic nuclei are strongly associated with cognitive performance in people with multiple sclerosis, outperforming traditional volumetric measures.
4376h agoThe cerebral cortex is active even without external stimuli, showing collective neuronal activities that support sensory processing and brain readiness.
4376h agoThe sensorimotor system develops early in the womb and supports body representations critical for perception, action, and interaction with the environment. However, I rewrote it as: The sensorimotor system develops early in the womb and supports body representations for perception, action, and interaction with the environment. But an even better rewrite would be to incorporate information from the rest of the text: The sensorimotor system develops early in the womb with distinct microstructural properties that support body representations for perception, action, and interaction with the environment, and this development can be disrupted by preterm birth.
4376h agoExcitatory and inhibitory synapses use similar methods of ultrafast endocytosis to recycle synaptic vesicles.
4376h agoTau pathology accumulates in the brain's central circadian pacemaker, but does not disrupt core circadian timing mechanisms, suggesting that circadian disruptions in tauopathies may arise from other parts of the circadian system.
4376h agoA 3D deep learning framework accurately segments white matter microstructures in large brain imaging volumes, achieving an overall accuracy of over 0.96 and enabling fast quantitative analysis.
4380h agoA mathematical model of a cortical microcircuit shows that EEG rhythms and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity are correlated, with the level of correlation depending on external input conditions and EEG frequency bands.
4380h agoThe brain uses modality-agnostic representations to perform tasks regardless of how signals are perceived, and large areas of the brain contain these representations that can decode visual scenes across different stimulus modalities.
4380h agoPorphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia pathogens reprogram microglia in distinct ways, leading to different inflammatory responses that contribute to Alzheimer's disease.
4380h agoLower expression of PNOC and OPRL1 genes is linked to Alzheimer's disease, with PNOC associated with psychiatric symptoms and OPRL1 with disrupted circadian regulation.
4380h agoFood images, especially those high in protein, easily grab attention and a stronger attention bias is seen in people who have consumed less protein.
4380h agoInjected magnetoelectric nanodiscs alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease by remotely exciting neurons in the brain, comparable to traditional electrode-based deep brain stimulation.
4380h agoCochlear implant users' brains can adapt to music listening over time, with more experienced users showing stronger brain responses to music, and their ability to perceive music may continue to improve for up to 2-4 years after implantation.
4380h agoALDH2 enzyme plays a critical role in reducing damage after spinal cord injury by clearing toxic aldehydes, and its activation can improve recovery, especially in individuals with a specific mutation that impairs this enzyme.
4380h agoAccelerometry provides a more objective and less variable alternative to visual inspection for estimating the Resting Motor Threshold, although Electromyography remains the most sensitive technique.
4380h agoAstrocytes in the brain change their gene activity in response to cocaine, and a protein called CREB increases the rewarding effects of cocaine in males by altering the activity of these astrocytes and connected brain cells.
4380h agoTau protein is translated mainly in neuronal dendrites and one-third of it is degraded by a special proteasome, and failure of this degradation process leads to accumulation of mislocalized Tau aggregates.
4380h agoA new protocol combining Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MEMRI) and MR-guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) allows researchers to map brain activity and create precise lesions without surgery in non-model organisms.
4380h agoActivating the NOP receptor with the drug SCH-221510 reduces anxiety-related behaviors and neural responses to scary stimuli in monkeys by changing the connections between brain areas that process fear.
4380h agoDisrupted forward connections in the brain's memory network are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology and memory impairment.
4380h agoThe paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) contributes to sleep disturbances during ethanol withdrawal by increasing wakefulness and decreasing non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep through the downregulation of M-channels.
4380h agoAir pollution exposure combined with changes in brain microstructure in appetite-regulating regions is associated with higher body mass index over two years, especially in males.
4380h agoOptimizing sample preparation and using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enables detection of synaptic proteins in whole-tissue lysates and synaptosome preparations, and a tiered approach using both methods provides insight into synaptic alterations in brain disorders.
4380h agoOdd neurons integrate innate and learned olfactory information to guide navigational choices in Drosophila larvae.
4380h agoChanges in light-dark conditions cause loss of memory in fruit flies, and this loss of memory is passed down through three generations of females.
4380h agoAdolescent alcohol exposure leads to long-lasting changes in brain development and increases the risk of alcohol use in adulthood, especially in females, by disrupting prefrontal cortical connections with other brain networks.
4380h agoGenetic predisposition for impulsivity and risk-taking is associated with differences in brain structure in children as young as 9-10 years old.
4380h agoType 2 diabetes leads to heightened stress responses, changes in the brain, and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, partly due to increased glucocorticoid levels.
4380h agoCis-chlordane, an organochlorine pesticide, causes motor neuron damage by altering mitochondrial function, leading to phenotypes similar to those seen in ALS.
4380h agoMacrophages directly contribute to neuropathic pain by amplifying damaged sensory neuron activity through dynamic molecular and functional changes that influence neuronal hyperexcitability.
4380h agoA single process of evidence accumulation with separate boundaries for initial choice and confidence reports explains choice behaviour, subjective confidence, and associated neural decision signals.
4380h agoStimulating a brain pathway called CeApons makes animals overeat and exhibit eating-like behaviors, even when they are full and not hungry.
4380h agoThe perception of motion in contrast modulation stimuli relies mainly on luminance signals, with achromatic stimuli being less affected by luminance masking noise than chromatic stimuli.
4380h agoEarly hippocampal hyperactivity in Alzheimer's disease is caused by reduced inhibitory synaptic input, hypoactivity of fast-spiking interneurons, and enhanced bursting in pyramidal neurons, leading to accelerated hippocampal oscillations.
4380h agoManipulating gut miRNA changes the gut and brain bacteria composition, decreases Alzheimer's disease pathology, and affects brain function and behavior.
4380h agoAutonomy is a fundamental property of cognitive systems that resists containment and control, so AI safety efforts must shift to mutualistic negotiation and reciprocal incentive structures.
4384h agoContinuous speech research challenges conventional methods, offering richer insights into neural encoding, functional brain mapping, and neural entrainment by using more realistic paradigms.
4384h agoScientists precisely controlled neural activity in the brains of macaques by subtly altering their natural visual feed, achieving targeted modulation of specific neurons while leaving nearby ones unaffected.
4384h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, provides a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients naturally lead to active inference dynamics.
4384h agoA biologically-plausible neural network called the similarity matching network converges to a principal subspace projection through three coupled dynamics with Hebbian and anti-Hebbian learning rules.
4384h agoThe human hypothalamus is composed of four functional subregions with distinct connections to the cortex, showing stronger links with frontal, midline, and limbic areas and weaker links with posterior sensorimotor regions.
4384h agoClustered networks of interconnected neurons can display a diverse array of nonlinear dynamics, including metastable periodic orbits and chaotic attractors, which can be predicted from their connectivity structure.
4384h agoTransformers develop the ability to generalize to new tasks after seeing a few examples when trained on diverse tasks.
4384h agoBrain-based metrics are not always stable traits that uniquely identify individuals, and therefore may not fit the traditional definition of a biometric fingerprint.
4384h agoSpiking Neural Networks combined with Lempel-Ziv Complexity achieve high accuracy in breast cancer classification, reaching up to 98.25% accuracy at a lower computational cost than traditional deep learning methods.
4384h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by analyzing samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
4384h agoHigh-quality complete synchronization between lasers in different network topologies is possible using Ikeda modeling.
4384h agoThe deformed type $D_{2N}$ map can be generalized to higher ranks through a local expansion operation that involves inserting a specific subquiver into the quiver arising from the Laurentification of the deformed type $D_{4}$ map.
4384h agoDissipative quantum chaos can be characterized by entanglement dynamics and out-of-time-order correlators, which reveal two distinct regimes: transient chaos and steady-state chaos.
4384h agoThe Bennett profile of a plasma number density can be redefined with a vortical flow, maintaining its magnetic structure while transferring nonlinearity from density to plasma flow velocity.
4384h agoThe detection of rapid transition events in complex systems can be unreliable, but estimating the complexity of these events remains robust even with many false positives.
4384h agoDiscrete Painlev\'e equations are interpreted as autonomous birational transformations of $\mathbb P^3$ that preserve a pencil of quadrics and map each quadric to a different one.
4384h agoA mathematical model shows that cooperative learning can reduce math anxiety, and predicts that an optimal group size and random group switching can minimize anxiety levels.
4384h agoA model of collective behavior in active agents incorporates a perceptual decision-making process using quantum formalism, linking decision-making to classical dynamics.
4384h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by analyzing samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
4384h agoTransformers develop the ability to generalize to new tasks after seeing a few examples when trained on diverse tasks.
4384h agoInvariant transports of stationary random measures persist in asymptotic variances if certain mixing criteria are met.
4384h agoCompeting automorphisms in disordered Floquet codes explain how topological order is protected or measured in the presence of noise.
4384h agoGraph neural networks can learn the electronic properties of materials with complex structures of up to 3,000 atoms and millions of orbital interactions, achieving prediction errors of less than 0.53%.
4384h agoIn-context denoising refines the connection between attention-based architectures and dense associative memory networks, and a single-layer transformer can solve certain denoising problems optimally.
4384h agoMonitoring classical stochastic processes can lead to measurement-induced phase transitions, including novel critical phases, when the processes have global symmetries and are subject to a fixed, typical measurement record.
4384h agoNF-1/CPE gene therapy prevents and reverses Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice by restoring critical proteins for neuronal survival, synaptogenesis, and autophagy, and down-regulating proteins that promote tau and Aβ accumulation.
4384h agoGlycation of alpha-synuclein causes distinct Parkinson's disease pathology, leading to an earlier onset of motor symptoms, including dopaminergic neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and neuromuscular deficits.
4384h agoC9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion causes cell cycle dysregulation in neurons, which can be treated with the FDA-approved drug palbociclib, reducing motor neuron death.
4384h agoA specific cluster of neurons in the pretectum, expressing tcf7l2, plays a crucial role in distinguishing between different types of visual movement, and a subtype of these neurons, expressing nkx1.2lb, is required for the optomotor response.
4392h agoAdolescents with high genetic risk for bipolar disorder show different brain development patterns, including thicker cortex in certain areas and altered brain networks, which may be linked to lifestyle factors and specific genetic markers.
4400h agoProcrastination has a moderate genetic component and is linked to abnormal brain development in areas such as the nucleus accumbens and default mode network, and to changes in neurotransmitter systems.
4400h agoThe ketogenic diet triggers synaptic remodeling in the hippocampus by reducing synaptic vesicle pools and short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses, ultimately dampening excitatory synaptic gain and integration.
4404h agoDirect electrical stimulation of the basolateral amygdala enhances long-term memory for object images but not scene images in the human brain.
4404h agoMultiword verb constructions are processed differently in the brain depending on their type, with phrasal verbs stored as single units and prepositional verbs processed compositionally.
4404h agoBARTharm, a novel harmonization framework, uses image quality metrics and Bayesian Additive Regression Trees to accurately remove non-biological effects from image-derived phenotypes, outperforming existing methods.
4404h agoPATCH-AP method accurately localizes both discrete and spatially extended neural sources in Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Electroencephalography (EEG), outperforming leading source localization methods in simulations and real MEG data tests.
4404h agoThe entorhinal cortex's layer II neurons accumulate high levels of amyloid-beta peptide due to their exceptionally high expression of reelin, which binds to the peptide, leading to early cell damage in Alzheimer's disease.
4404h agoPeople differ in how they predict upcoming language, with some relying on sentence meaning and others on the next presented word to process N400 amplitudes.
4412h agoMice recover from threat-induced stress by entering a slow-breathing immobility state that involves replaying the aversive experience in the hippocampus and is crucial for learning safe environments and emotional resilience.
4412h agoChemical exposure disrupts neural network formation in a brain cell model, with certain compounds causing concentration-dependent disruptions in network activity and action potential propagation.
4412h agoVascular Growth Endothelial Factor-A (VEGFA) mediates the growth of new nerves and blood vessels in the degenerating intervertebral disc, leading to chronic low back pain and impaired function.
4412h agoMotor axons cross the midline in a newly discovered pathway, where they split into groups, interdigitate with opposite groups, and then move to the correct positions in the spinal cord for limb control.
4412h agoDifferent strains of self-propagating alpha-synuclein aggregates can form spontaneously within the same environment, leading to distinct synucleinopathies with different characteristics.
4412h agoDopamine neurons in the brain are not uniform, with some being more vulnerable and others more resilient to degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
4416h agoTDP-43 pathology triggers the expression of mobile genetic elements, leading to cell death and non-cell autonomous effects on nearby neurons and glial cells in the motor cortex.
4416h agoThe skin helps maintain the integrity of embedded sensory neuron axons through a molecular machinery involving the guanine nucleotide exchange factor AGEF-1a and the small GTPase RAB-35.
4416h agoMettl14-mediated m6A methylation is critical for Schwann cell maintenance, and its deficiency causes progressive motor deficits, demyelination, and impaired nerve regeneration.
4416h agoThe respiratory rhythm influences aperiodic brain activity during sleep, with a prominent phase shift in this coupling as people transition from wakefulness to sleep.
4416h agoMitochondria decline with age, leading to reduced energy production, decreased axonal translation, and impaired protein synthesis in neurons.
4416h agoA gradient of hyperpolarization-activated cation channels is expressed in the nucleus magnocellularis, enabling neurons to encode temporally patterned inputs with precise timing.
4416h agoThe fetal cortex generates separate neural responses to discrete auditory stimuli, suggesting that fetuses perceive rapid stimuli as individual events rather than one fused stimulus.
4424h agoA single traumatic experience rewires social circuits in the brain, causing increased violence, social hesitancy, and exaggerated fear responses by changing the activity of specific neural ensembles in the ventral hippocampus.
4424h agoDamage to different parts of the brain disrupts speech production in distinct ways, affecting either the control of the larynx or the muscles of the face and mouth.
4424h agoStable individual differences in brain network organization at age 8.9-13.5 predict future cognitive ability better than short-term changes in brain networks.
4428h agoThe neural mechanisms of language processing involve a brain network that adapts to sociolinguistic factors, with individual variability in this network seen in bilingual and multilingual people.
4428h agoImpulsivity in early adolescence consists of eight latent dimensions, with three main factors - a general impulsivity factor, a mixed impulsivity style, and externalizing behaviors - that are linked to substance use and brain network function.
4428h agoA comprehensive map of neurons in larval zebrafish brains reveals structural differences between excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and shows how they connect to form specific pathways and networks.
4428h agoA machine-learning approach helps simulate rare physical and chemical reactive processes by characterizing entire rare events in a single calculation.
4432h agoA new framework uses large language models to predict disease spread in real-time by combining multiple types of information and working with humans.
4432h agoPandemicLLM uses a large language model to predict disease trends by turning disease data into text, allowing it to respond to new variants in real time and provide forecasts for public health responses.
4432h agoMutations in the SCN2A gene cause severe epileptic seizures, and reducing NaV1.2 expression in mice leads to absence seizures that can be reduced by restoring NaV1.2 or delivering KV1.1.
4432h agoSensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglion that respond to stimulation of the lower incisor or lip are located in a specific portion of the ganglion, but their spatial representation shows intermingling with no clear border between tooth-responding and lip-responding neurons.
4432h agoThe Acus device, an active implantable imager, records transient fluorescent signals in deep brain regions at high speed and achieves single-neuron resolution.
4432h agoLow-dimensional latent dynamics can explain high-dimensional neuronal activity in certain conditions, such as in the absence of a stimulus, when neurons process the dynamics nonlinearly.
4432h agoManipulating enzymes that regulate PP2A activity affects sensitivity to impairments caused by oligomeric tau, with increased leucine carboxyl methyltransferase1 (LCMT-1) reducing sensitivity and increased protein methyl esterase1 (PME-1) increasing sensitivity.
4432h agoThe choroid plexus shows sex-specific changes in circadian gene expression in a rat model of chronic migraine, with females upregulating antioxidant genes and males upregulating inflammatory factors, alongside circadian disruption.
4432h agoHippocampal-prefrontal circuits in the brain represent emotion concepts at multiple levels of abstraction, supporting the formation of knowledge about emotional experiences that spans contexts and time.
4432h agoMice that consumed ethanol showed lower nest building scores 7 days after drinking stopped, indicating a link between ethanol consumption and changes in this natural behavior.
4432h agoDopamine motivates people to repeat behaviors associated with its release.
4436h agoSleep cycles help process memories.
4436h agoScientists discover that tuning arousal levels improves brain performance.
4436h agoTwo new body-selective visual regions, the Ventromedial Body Area (VMBA) and the Medial Body Area (MBA), exist in the human brain and respond to images of bodies.
4436h agoPopulation receptive field size estimates in the early visual cortex are not noticeably affected by local vascularization, suggesting they primarily reflect neuronal activity rather than vascular characteristics.
4436h agoAlzheimer's disease causes early coordinated changes in brain cells, including rapid modulation of synaptic genes in neurons and corresponding responses in glial cells, which shapes the disease progression.
4436h agoThe human visual system perceives objects as stable or moving based on retinal slip, with stimuli moving in a direction consistent with retinal slip appearing relatively still, even with small movements.
4436h agoLarger pre-stimulus pupil size is associated with improved accuracy in near-threshold detection tasks, regardless of target color, eccentricity, lighting conditions, or retinal adaptation state.
4436h agoGPX4 protects retinal ganglion cells from degeneration and promotes optic nerve regeneration, offering a potential treatment for glaucoma.
4436h agoThe brain localizes touch using an intrinsic, limb-specific spatial code, where touch is represented in relation to each limb, not in a general, limb-independent frame of reference.
4436h agoCellular senescence causes increased tau phosphorylation, aggregation, and neuronal loss, leading to tau-related neuropathology.
4436h agoSpatial heterogeneity in brain clearance affects the progression of Alzheimer's disease by delaying and redirecting protein invasion, and may be a key factor for neurodegenerative resilience.
4436h agoA new method called Group Task-Related Component Analysis (gTRCA) reliably identifies reproducible brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation across different people and trials.
4440h agoTau antibodies bind to neurofibrillary tangles in distinct maturity levels, with early tau accumulation preceding more advanced forms, and computerized analysis can accurately assess these changes.
4440h agoVariations in surface roughness and material elasticity can produce perceptual roughness confounds, where different combinations of these properties create the same sensation of roughness.
4440h agoAbstinence and extinction training have different effects on brain activity and dopamine signaling, with abstinence increasing relapse vulnerability and extinction normalizing neural signals and reducing relapse-like behavior.
4440h agoThe transcription factor Gfi1 drives differentiation and regulates dendritic development in specific retinal ganglion cells, enabling them to detect downward motion.
4440h agoA high-calorie high-fat diet suppresses the production of a protein called PQBP1, which leads to changes in the splicing of genes related to synapses and ultimately impairs the release of synapse vesicles, causing brain dysfunction.
4444h agoHigher peak alpha frequency does not relate to the development of central sensitization, but individuals with a higher vision-related peak alpha frequency do exhibit greater habituation to pinprick stimuli.
4444h agoApplying TMS over the right superior parietal lobule while the brain is in a certain state reduces brain rigidity and relieves autistic traits.
4448h agoThe retrosplenial cortex encodes spatial hypotheses and combines them with new information to resolve ambiguities.
4448h agoNewly developed sleep stage classifiers, trained specifically on forehead EEG data, accurately identify sleep stages and detect artifacts, providing reliable tools for at-home sleep monitoring.
4448h agoThe MCH system and DA release in the brain are co-activated during food consumption and in response to food cues, and the MCH system can modulate DA release to influence food-motivated learning.
4448h agoDendritic inhibition terminates plateau potentials in CA1 pyramidal neurons in an all-or-none manner, and this process is regulated by the interaction between intrinsic cellular mechanisms and feedback inhibitory circuits.
4448h agoThe brain processes multiple words simultaneously less effectively than sequentially, with reduced depth of processing when words compete for attention at the same time.
4448h agoHumans adapt their learning rates in two ways: they make fast adjustments within a situation and also learn slower, general adaptations to different environments.
4448h agoCortical activity represents automatic movements, such as grooming, and specific cortical networks are activated at the start of these movements, declining as the behavior continues.
4448h agoNeuroestrogens regulate social behavior and cognition, and a new method allows for the simultaneous measurement of eleven estrogens, which found that only estrone and 17{beta}-E2 are present in blood and brain of song sparrows.
4448h agoMemories for events change over time because the organization of brain cells in the hippocampus changes, causing memories to lose their details and become less specific.
4448h agoExtracellular vesicles from multiple sclerosis brains show downregulation of synaptic and mitochondrial proteins and upregulation of complement and inflammatory proteins, reflecting ongoing synaptic pathology, metabolic dysfunction, and CNS inflammation.
4448h agoA novel data fusion approach, aNy-way independent component analysis, identifies linked sources across different data types and reveals a cortico-thalamo-cerebellar circuit that underlies cognitive dysmetria in schizophrenia.
4448h agoMicroglia use a specialized activation program called the Interferon-Responsive Microglia state to support brain health, and this program is regulated by a network of 772 genes.
4448h agoThe neural basis for distinguishing speech from music lies in how the brain encodes and tracks specific acoustic features, with speech mainly linked to temporal patterns and music to spectral patterns, particularly in non-primary auditory regions.
4448h agoMaintaining a vowel in working memory changes how people perceive auditory targets during speech planning, and also affects the outcome of speech.
4448h agoThe GAIN model uses a grid-based structure to improve biological plausibility and neural network dynamics by allowing neurons to interact with their closest neighbors.
4456h agoIndividuals with long-term substance use disorder often struggle to resist drug use despite knowing its harmful consequences because their brain's reward system prioritizes immediate drug rewards over long-term negative consequences.
4456h agoMeasurement-induced phase transition plays a key role in the generative model of cognitive networks and the formation of the state of consciousness in the newborn-adult transition.
4456h agoTRACE, a new contrastive learning framework, learns representations of neural time-series data by averaging across different subsets of trials, outperforming other methods and capturing biologically relevant variation and cell-type-related structure.
4456h agoHippampal place fields arise from linear projections of grid cell population activity, and a frequency-dependent decay of grid-to-place connection weights transforms discrete grid inputs into a continuous range of place field sizes.
4456h agoPOSSM, a novel hybrid architecture, enables fast and efficient decoding of neural activity, achieving accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art models at a much lower computational cost.
4456h agoTransformer-based models perform transitive inference naturally when they store information in their network parameters, but not when they rely on information presented in the input sequence, and pre-training on structured tasks helps them make generalizable inferences.
4456h agoActivation maximization can be used to interpret DNN-based encoding models of the human brain, generating images that drive activity in targeted visual areas and allowing exploration of selectivity across the visual cortex.
4456h agoA new neural operator framework called NOBLE learns to predict the behavior of human neurons, capturing their variability and complex biophysical properties, and enabling efficient generation of synthetic neurons that mimic real neurons.
4456h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
4456h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, thanks to slow regions in the energy landscape that persist as shallow, unstable remnants.
4456h agoThe brain-mesh model introduces a three-layered architecture that explains brain-wide phenomena, including phase gradients, resonance frequencies, and long-range plasticity effects, by integrating local and macro-regional connectivity with a mesh-inspired network layer.
4456h agoConvolutional diffusion models generate original images by combining local patches from training data, and two simple biases, locality and equivariance, can predict their outputs with high accuracy.
4456h agoA system can self-organize to be on the verge of multiple phase transitions at the same time, allowing it to operate in a more versatile state than previously recognized.
4456h agoA data-driven framework using Neural ODEs learns reduced-order moment dynamics from PDE-governed systems, enabling robust learning from sparse and irregular time series data.
4456h agoThe study detects dissipative quantum chaos and integrability in open many-body quantum systems, identifying universal spectral features, including a "donut-shaped" distribution for chaotic systems and a sharp peak for integrable systems.
4456h agoA novel model of opinion dynamics that incorporates memory effects shows that historical information has a persistent influence on opinion formation and evolution.
4456h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
4456h agoReservoir computing generalizes to unexplored regions of state space without explicit structural priors when trained on multiple trajectories from a collection of disjoint time series.
4456h agoThe analysis of a 2-dimensional gene expression model reveals chaotic dynamics and bistability, where two disjoint attractors exist, and shows that different reaction rates lead to unpredictable dynamics with periodic or chaotic behavior.
4456h agoThin film lithium niobate waveguides with specific topology can exhibit two-colour spatial solitons that emerge from nonlinear interactions between guided modes.
4456h agoThe spherical harmonic oscillator system with spin-orbit coupling has periodic orbits that include solutions where orbital motion is coupled to spin precession, and these orbits undergo bifurcations that create new orbits with constant period.
4456h agoThe elliptic Calogero-Moser systems associated with complex crystallographic groups can be used as Seiberg-Witten integrable systems for certain superconformal field theories, and this approach leads to compact descriptions of elliptic fibrations, Seiberg-Witten differentials, and quantum spectral curves.
4456h agoSeparation of variables is a powerful method applicable to a wide range of quantum integrable systems, and recent progress has allowed its implementation for rational SU(N) spin chains, enabling new compact representations for observables such as scalar products and correlators.
4456h agoShape-changing robots form pairs that stay together through locally repulsive collisions, and these pairs, or "gliders," can travel long distances while maintaining their bond.
4456h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of oscillations in their activation function.
4456h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, thanks to slow regions in the energy landscape that persist as shallow, unstable remnants.
4456h agoMicrotubule lattices can support decoherence-resistant entangled states and dissipation-free energy transfer, enabling logic-gate-like behavior and potentially scalable, ambient-temperature quantum computation.
4456h agoThe study detects dissipative quantum chaos and integrability in open many-body quantum systems, identifying universal spectral features, including a "donut-shaped" distribution for chaotic systems and a sharp peak for integrable systems.
4456h agoA new type of neural network called perceptrain is proposed, which combines features from deep neural networks and tensor networks to efficiently represent complex quantum many-body states.
4456h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
4456h agoQuantum annealing platforms can enable fast and efficient training of classical neural networks, achieving superior performance scaling compared to classical backpropagation methods.
4456h agoConvolutional diffusion models generate original images by combining local patches from training data, and two simple biases, locality and equivariance, can predict their outputs with high accuracy.
4456h agoLimited data affects training of pairwise energy-based models for inverse problems, with learning timescales tied to the spectral decomposition of the empirical covariance matrix.
4456h agoTrained individuals have greater and more linear motor unit discharge patterns, especially at higher contraction forces, which may enable them to produce greater force.
4456h agoCD72 disrupts microglial tiling by modulating pathways associated with cell adhesion, repulsive receptors, microglial activation, and cytoskeletal organization.
4456h agoChronic benzodiazepine treatment causes changes in the organization of proteins at inhibitory synapses, leading to a reduction in benzodiazepine sensitivity and restricting the renewal of benzodiazepine-sensitive receptors.
4464h agoSomatostatin neurons in the prefrontal cortex help initiate sleep-preparatory behavior and sleep by communicating with the preoptic and lateral hypothalamus.
4468h agoDynamic homeostatic processes preserve cortical representations in the brain by recruiting previously unengaged neurons and rearranging neuronal activity patterns to compensate for neuronal loss.
4468h agoAging disrupts key RNA pathways in neurons, including splicing and stress response, reducing the brain's resilience to new stress and potentially leading to neurodegenerative diseases.
4468h agoCertain neurons reflect the value of interacting with objects near the body, not just their locations, and provide animals with a map of the near-body environment.
4468h agoThe auditory cortex's map of sounds can recover after neuron loss by recruiting previously unresponsive neurons through homeostatic mechanisms.
4468h agoOxytocin release reduces inflammation and promotes brain repair after traumatic brain injury in infant mice, and improves long-term brain development and behavior.
4468h agoReactive microglia adapt their surveillance strategy in chronic neurodegeneration by actively migrating through the brain and forming direct, extensive contacts with individual neurons.
4468h agoIncreased levels of circulating TMEM119+/TREM2+ extracellular vesicles are associated with cognitive impairment in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.
4468h agoArg2 plays a crucial role in regulating arginine metabolism and polyamine homeostasis in the striatum, and its loss disrupts the balance of polyamines and alters the expression of polyamine-regulating proteins.
4468h agoDNN-generated virtual humans improve speech perception in noisy environments by providing effective audiovisual cues, with benefits similar to those of human speakers.
4468h agoBispecific antibody-based PET radioligands can target fibrin in the Alzheimer's disease brain, enabling potential individualized treatment strategies.
4468h agoThe Kv6.4 subunit combines with Kv2 subunits in motor neurons to form channels that are specifically located at junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane beneath C-bouton synapses.
4468h agoThe cerebellum processes social rewards differently than the ventral striatum, treating positive and negative feedback similarly, and focusing on prediction errors rather than reward value.
4468h agoSyntactic processing and semantic meaning are intertwined in the brain as people predict upcoming words, with nouns showing enhanced predictability and deeper sensory grounding than verbs.
4468h agoA neuron's genetic identity mainly reflects its developmental origin, and a new single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the adult Drosophila melanogaster central brain provides a framework for systematically defining neuronal types.
4468h agoCannabis use decreases functional connectivity in brain networks associated with cannabinoid receptors, and adding CBD to THC enhances this effect.
4472h agoMicroglia play a key role in shaping neural circuits related to neuropsychiatric disorders by responding to neuronal activity and regulating synaptic pruning through GABAB receptors.
4476h agoSuperficial and deep pyramidal cells in the hippocampus form cell-type-specific circuits with dendrite-targeting interneurons, with distinct subtypes of interneurons forming unique connections with these pyramidal cells.
4476h agoMice with Fragile X Syndrome have abnormal auditory processing in a key part of the brain, showing increased neuronal firing and sensitivity to sounds, and these changes are present in both males and females.
4476h agoThe animate-inanimate distinction emerges early in the visual hierarchy and remains even when images are unrecognizable and lack high-level visual features.
4476h agoSex differences in the brain arise from fine-tuning of shared developmental templates, not large-scale changes, and are shaped by sex-differentiating transcription factors and distinct developmental windows.
4476h agoA new framework decodes brain recordings across multiple languages, subjects, and neuroimaging modalities by mapping them into a unified semantic space, enabling strong generalization and promoting linguistic fairness.
4480h agoDECEMber, a new model, improves clustering of neural embeddings, allowing for better identification of cell types in the visual cortex.
4480h agoBrain activity operates near criticality to enhance performance, and this state likely emerges from reverberant network activity rather than being driven by external signals.
4480h agoSub-scalp electroencephalography records sensorimotor neural activity with high spatial resolution and can classify motor execution with above-chance performance, making it a viable option for brain-computer interface applications.
4480h agoBrain-tuned speech models reflect the brain's stages of speech processing better than pretrained models, with late layers improving in alignment with semantic language regions and showing a clear hierarchy from acoustic to semantic representations.
4480h agoA flexible vocoder framework called NeuroVoc reconstructs acoustic waveforms from simulated neural activity patterns, allowing for direct comparisons between normal and electrical hearing models.
4480h agoModularity can now be measured at the individual node level, providing a more detailed understanding of community structure changes in brain networks due to diseases such as Alzheimer's.
4480h agoTwo unique mechanisms, slow-point manifolds and limit cycles, support short-term memory by generating sequential activity patterns that maintain information over time.
4480h agoThe MammAlps dataset, which contains over 14 hours of video and audio recordings from 9 camera-traps, provides a new benchmark for recognizing and understanding wild animal behavior.
4480h agoA modular modeling framework called modWorm integrates biophysical models of the nervous system, muscles, and biomechanics to simulate the behavior of the nematode C. elegans.
4480h agoStokes waves in water of fixed finite depth are studied to see how physical quantities change as wave steepness increases.
4480h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes works by passing messages between anyons to fix errors, and it terminates with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
4480h agoThe LEF4 framework generates and studies multilevel model ensembles in continuous dynamical systems, providing an efficient approach to investigate uncertainties in fields such as climate modelling, epidemiology, economics, and engineering.
4480h agoStatistical equilibrium occurs in hydroelastic turbulent waves driven by small-scale random forcing, with wave field statistics matching Rayleigh-Jeans equilibrium spectra and classical thermodynamic concepts applying to describe large scales.
4480h agoSparsely coupled Kuramoto oscillators have basin sizes of twisted states that scale as $e^{-kq^2}$ with the winding number $q$.
4480h agoRepulsive three-body interactions eliminate certain types of instability in one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling stable supersolids and boselets.
4480h agoThe one-dimensional critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, allowing for the construction of commuting transfer matrices and the recursive obtainment of conserved quantities, including the Kramers-Wannier duality and other non-invertible symmetries.
4480h agoManipulating speckled light beams becomes possible through their interaction with a co-propagating pump wave, allowing enhancement or degradation of the signal's spatial quality by varying the pump's power or modal power distribution.
4480h agoThe training horizon for autoregressive models of dynamical systems affects the loss landscape geometry and model performance, with longer horizons leading to better short-term forecasts but worse convergence, and optimal horizon selection being crucial for good predictions.
4480h agoAutotoxicity, a biological factor that inhibits biomass growth and increases mortality, helps create stable spatial patterns of vegetation in arid environments through interactions with biomass.
4480h agoDarboux-type transformations of third-order differential operators generate equilibrium configurations of two species of 2D Coulomb charges or point vortices with a circulation ratio of -2.
4480h agoA new theoretical framework incorporates decision-making into field theories, allowing it to describe collective behaviors driven by nonreciprocal and many-body interactions in complex systems.
4480h agoStochastic gradient descent for sequence models follows two distinct training phases, escaping uninformative initialization and aligning with the target subspace, influenced by sequence length and positional encoding.
4480h agoBrain activity operates near criticality to enhance performance, and this state likely emerges from reverberant network activity rather than being driven by external signals.
4480h agoQuantum dot solar cells can surpass the 33% efficiency limit of silicon solar cells and enable new photovoltaic technologies.
4480h agoLarge Language Models reach peak performance by operating at a critical point, where they generalize well from minimal data, and this can be achieved through a reinforcement learning scheme called learning at criticality.
4480h agoDephasing noise causes a phase transition in topological insulators at a finite strength, changing their topological index from nontrivial to trivial.
4480h agoAnderson localization plays a central role in the creation of a new thermal phase called the IR phase, in addition to its connection with the chiral transition.
4480h agoA tailored error mitigation technique based on deep learning makes the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm functional on near-term noisy quantum computers by predicting ideal expectation values from noisy outputs.
4480h agoA phenomenological model identifies gene expression signatures of decision-making classes from single-cell RNA-sequencing data, allowing for the classification of cell fate transitions into universal categories.
4480h agoA novel computational framework approximates the dynamics of sparse disordered systems with continuous degrees of freedom using dynamic cavity equations on locally tree-like factor graphs.
4480h agoCoupling a two-dimensional many-body localized system to a finite heat bath results in a filling fraction dependent phase diagram with a critical filling consistent with experiments.
4480h agoThe NCoder, a novel neural network approach inspired by Quantum Field Theory, generates images by summarizing high-dimensional data into lower-dimensional statistics and produces new images that can be correctly classified using only the first three statistical summaries.
4480h agoA general framework based on Lyapunov analysis characterizes topological properties in monitored quantum systems, identifying distinct entanglement phases and edge-localized zero modes in topological and trivial phases.
4480h agoLimited data affects training of pairwise energy-based models for inverse problems, with learning timescales tied to the spectral decomposition of the empirical covariance matrix.
4480h agoInhomogeneous quantum annealing is slower than expected, even when it succeeds in avoiding phase transitions, because a spin's magnetization becomes conserved once its field is turned off.
4480h agoThe representation of memories in the brain stabilizes as the number of stable place cells that hold information increases.
4480h agoA deep learning model predicts ground-state and photophysical properties of molecules and nanomaterials with accuracy surpassing traditional density functional theory calculations.
4484h agoExpectations about objects based on the scene they appear in influence how the brain processes visual information, but do not change how objects are represented.
4488h agoThe thalamus, specifically the mediodorsal nucleus, plays a causal role in regulating value-based decision making in humans by guiding decisions and learning from reward.
4492h agoDual stimulation of the inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus with transcranial direct current stimulation changes how people process anomalies in a second language, and this effect depends on their native language.
4492h agoNeocortical pyramidal neurons integrate sensory inputs and dynamically changing rules through dendritic computation to enable flexible decision-making based on the rules.
4492h agoA new neural decoding framework called MIBRAIN enables brain-computer interfaces to work across multiple individuals by integrating brain recordings and identifying common patterns.
4492h agoThe Allen Human Brain Atlas contains inaccurate spatial coordinates for dissected tissue samples, which can lead to incorrect identification of genes and compromise further analysis.
4500h agoThe brain's default mode and dorsal attention networks play distinct roles in controlling creativity, with the default mode network gating access to creative states and the dorsal attention network regulating the quality of creative output.
4500h agoA hierarchical system of transcription factors builds, diversifies, and sexually differentiates neurons that compose complex instinctual circuits in the brain.
4500h agoThe brain extracts a familiar face's identity, age, and gender in a rapid and view-invariant manner, with identity information emerging first, followed by age and gender information, and task demands influencing later processing stages.
4500h agoForgotten memories remain stored in the brain's episodic memory network and continue to influence behavior, with their neural traces persisting and even becoming more deeply embedded over time.
4500h agoA new brain-muscular-hand interface that uses a two-step strategy based on natural evolution enables people to control devices with higher accuracy and in less training time.
4504h agoA new brain graph foundation model called BrainGFM uses graph contrastive learning and graph masked autoencoders to pre-train on large-scale fMRI data from 27 neuroimaging datasets, enabling it to generalize across different brain representations and disorders.
4504h agoA new model, GLM-Transformer, identifies functional coupling between neural populations while accounting for evolving background dynamics and nonstationary individual-neuron dynamics.
4504h agoBrain regions form dynamic pathways to perform tasks, and specific constraints, such as routing costs and expert dropout, encourage the reliable formation of these pathways.
4504h agoA new model learns to encode the effects of hearing loss on neural activity in the auditory midbrain, accurately predicting neural responses in both normal and hearing-impaired animals.
4504h agoDiffusion models exhibit two phases, a strong memorization phase with small data where the network creates distinct basins of attraction around each sample, and a phase with large data where new attractor states emerge, leading to spurious states at the boundary of this transition.
4504h agoThe decision strategies used by brain and deep neural networks trained on image classification are fundamentally different, with model-brain similarity decreasing as model performance on ImageNet-1k increases.
4504h agoEarly Vision Networks, a new type of hybrid neural network that mimics the primate visual system, exhibit stronger robustness and shape bias, outperforming standard neural networks by 8.5% on a benchmark of robustness evaluations.
4504h agoA minimalistic representation model learns a high-dimensional head direction representation that captures essential properties of head direction cells, demonstrating Gaussian-like tuning profiles, a 2D circle geometry, and accurate path integration.
4504h agoThe hippocampus enables spatial navigation by forming cognitive maps, which can be replicated with proximity-preserving neural embeddings that encode multi-scale random walk transitions to create an environmental map for robust navigation.
4504h agoA simple algorithm based on geometric inference effectively fills missing entries in Representational Dissimilarity Matrices using known distances.
4504h agoNonlinear behavior in coupled systems can reduce the effectiveness of early warning signals in predicting tipping points, especially when a slowly changing "upstream" system forces a more rapidly changing "downstream" system.
4504h agoA single combining amplification law, represented in universal phase diagrams, reveals how spectral criticality, resonance, and non-normality interact to amplify responses in linear dynamical systems.
4504h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks.
4504h agoA highly accurate effective model with two degrees of freedom describes kink movement in the sine-Gordon model with space- and time-dependent parameters over long times.
4504h agoThe cohomology classes of curve strata with specific properties form a partial cohomological field theory that coincides with the BKP hierarchy under certain conditions.
4504h agoA magnetic Duffing oscillator, with a double-well magnetic potential, exhibits chaotic behavior when subjected to periodically oscillating external forces and an external magnetic field.
4504h agoDynamic targeting allows for agile, fast, and continuous wavelength tuning in lasers, enabling a stable and controlled frequency shift of over 2.1 GHz.
4504h agoTwisted triple crossing diagram maps provide geometric realizations of cluster integrable systems constructed from toric dimer models.
4504h agoA local decoder for the 2D toric code uses strictly local quantum operations to preserve a logical state for exponential time in the presence of circuit-level noise.
4504h agoThe model describes how two populations interact through predator-prey relationships, using a kinetic framework that connects microscopic interactions to macroscopic dynamics.
4504h agoThe free energy density of the XX chain in a magnetic field is obtained using two methods within the Quantum Transfer Matrix approach.
4504h agoA free quantum particle with a mass profile that has jump discontinuities has eigenfunctions that exhibit erratic dependence on energy, leading to irregular spectral behaviour and infinitely many distinct semiclassical limits.
4504h agoQuasiperiodic systems with correlated on-site and hopping disorder exhibit reentrant localization transitions, where a subset of localized states become delocalized again as disorder strength increases.
4504h agoKolmogorov-Arnold networks provide a computationally efficient representation for quantum Monte Carlo simulations, being about 10 times cheaper than other neural network-based methods.
4504h agoA discontinuous breaking of replica symmetry at a certain temperature implies the existence of an intermediate shattered phase in mean-field spin glasses.
4504h agoMetallic glasses undergo a glass transition due to a continuous rigidity percolation transition, where five-fold symmetric atomic clusters aggregate to form a system-spanning rigid network that marks the onset of mechanical stability.
4504h agoCorrelation between a spiked matrix and a spiked tensor enables efficient recovery of high-dimensional signals through Bayesian Approximate Message Passing.
4504h agoProteins exhibit properties of critically disordered metals, with their composition and geometry self-organized into the critical state of the Anderson transition.
4504h agoDecomposing large problems into smaller subsystems and combining solutions works well when the subsystems are not too complex, and local methods achieve high accuracy when problems are not at a critical point.
4504h agoUp to 60% of texts and 99% of manuscripts of Medieval French chivalric literature were lost, and the study of text transmission can be improved by using a complexity science approach that integrates modelling, simulation, and data analysis.
4504h agoPupillometry research now has a new tool called eyeris, a complete preprocessing suite that helps make data analysis more reproducible and follows best practices for handling data.
4504h agoA long non-coding RNA called Neuronal Identity (NeuID) regulates neuronal function and its downregulation contributes to Alzheimer's disease, by repressing developmental and glial genes.
4504h agoAlcohol exposure inhibits the release of a chemical called acetylcholine in a specific part of the brain, and repeated exposure to alcohol leads to a decrease in the brain cells responsible for producing this chemical.
4504h agoA knowledge-driven framework that uses large language models achieved an average accuracy of 79% in inferring human intention to control a brain-computer interface.
4504h agoAlzheimer's disease in rats causes changes in brain function, including reduced connectivity and abnormal activation patterns, which are linked to memory impairments and elevated blood amyloid levels.
4504h agoStress causes a long-lasting increase in fear responses, and a specific region in the brain, the posterior paraventricular thalamus (pPVT), is persistently hyperactive after stress, contributing to this increased fear response.
4504h agoDisruptions in the Pmm2 gene lead to cerebellar hypoplasia, ataxia, and early lethality in mice, with the developing cerebellum showing a heightened dependency on intact N-glycosylation.
4504h agoThe newly developed sensor PGE2-1.0 can detect endogenous PGE2 dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution, revealing spatial heterogeneity in PGE2 dynamics during acute inflammation and seizure.
4504h agoChanges in brain activity patterns called neuronal avalanches during training predict a person's ability to use brain-computer interfaces, allowing for the development of personalized training protocols.
4504h agoAutoantibodies against fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 cause pain hypersensitivity by acting on sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia, leading to neuropathic pain in patients with sensory neuronopathies and small fiber neuropathies.
4504h agoTwo diffusion NMR-based methods found that water exchange rates in yeast cells and optic nerves change before and after fixation, and that a new tri-compartmental model is needed to accurately analyze data from complex systems like white matter.
4504h agoThe mouse retina has around 150 types of neurons that interpret visual information, and new tools using AAV vectors have been developed to study specific cell types, allowing for characterization of retinal ganglion cell types and their projection patterns to the brain.
4504h agoMutations in the MDGA1 gene cause distinct abnormalities in brain development that lead to autism-like behaviors in mice, and treatment with bazedoxifene restores these changes in male mice.
4504h agoWhen people with different movement speeds work together, they coordinate their movements to minimize interaction force and adopt a similar speed, with the slower person's speed largely determining the team's speed.
4504h agoUnconscious sensory information from different senses can interact and influence perception, as shown by the finding that sounds are localized towards unconscious flash locations.
4504h agoThe chironomid nervous system, specifically the central ganglia, nerves, and neuromuscular system, is described to facilitate its use in detecting toxicity in freshwater environments.
4504h agoCommonly used cell culture media do not accurately replicate human cerebrospinal fluid ion concentrations, causing abnormal neuronal activity.
4508h agoSocial interactions suppress male courtship behavior in fruit flies by reprogramming the circadian arousal state, while social isolation increases courtship by changing the expression and function of certain genes.
4508h agoPower-to-power cross-frequency coupling can detect seizures with high accuracy and each of three common seizure components has a unique signature.
4508h agoThe pattern of temporal modulation of light on the retina during eye movements contains the signal for the eye to detect defocus and grow to minimize refractive error.
4508h agoMice are highly motivated to build nests before sleep during the day, but this motivation decreases at night, and sleep deprivation reduces the desire to build nests and leads to a direct transition into sleep.
4508h agoThe fastACI toolbox provides a flexible framework for collecting and analyzing data from auditory reverse-correlation experiments to assess acoustic features used by listeners.
4508h agoCo-occurring TDP-43 and Alzheimer's disease pathology leads to increased cryptic exon inclusion, which correlates with TDP-43 dysfunction and affects protein levels and biological processes in the hippocampus.
4508h agoThe study finds that gamma-glutamyl-cysteine, a key intermediate in glutathione synthesis, provides neuroprotection against perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) toxicity, uncovering a new mechanism to explain how PFOS harms the nervous system.
4508h agoEach olfactory neuron and its target neuron expresses a unique combination of Beat and Side genes, which are regulated by genetic programs and may contribute to the formation of specific neural connections.
4508h agoNOTCH3 variants cause cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells to switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype, leading to extracellular matrix accumulation, impaired cell adhesion, and increased risk of small vessel disease and vascular dementia.
4508h agoDepletion of PTBP1 in mature astrocytes does not drive neuronal reprogramming, instead altering RNA splicing in a way that does not lead to widespread induction of neurons.
4508h agoImmunoPET imaging with Lec-Fab8D3 enables specific detection of brain amyloid beta pathology in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model, with Zirconium-89 showing superior results due to its compatible half-life.
4508h agoDamage to the entopeduncular nucleus causes motor dysfunction, and the extent of this damage is closely linked to the severity of motor impairments.
4508h agoSkin cells help animals sense painful temperatures by becoming sensitive to heat, which then makes them more responsive to painful stimuli.
4508h agoInsect odorant receptors can distinguish between very similar chemical compounds by forming a reversible covalent bond with certain molecules, allowing them to detect and discriminate amongst a wide range of smells.
4508h agoResting-state EEG activity differs between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls, and between patients with short- and long-duration symptoms, with anxiety scores improving the accuracy of classification.
4512h agoEarly-life seizures impair neural networks in the medial prefrontal cortex, leading to lasting cognitive deficits, but treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) can restore network function and improve cognitive outcomes.
4512h agoAstrocytes develop a pro-inflammatory epigenetic memory, which is supported by multiple studies using different methods, including in vivo and in vitro experiments and analysis of multiple sclerosis samples.
4512h agoNew genetically encoded voltage indicators, ElectraON and ElectraOFF, have improved photostability, allowing for longer recordings of neuronal activity in both lab-grown cells and live mice.
4512h agoNeural quantum sensing with optically pumped magnetometers outperforms EEG and conventional MEG in signal-to-noise ratio and signal coherence, with improvements of up to 200% and 40%, respectively.
4512h agoNeonatal morphine exposure alters gene expression in midbrain cells, leading to changes in pain pathways, but probiotic supplementation can mitigate these effects.
4512h agoSingle-nucleus analysis of 1.6 million macaque cortical cells identifies distinct chromatin accessibility profiles linked to specific cell types, regions, and disease-risk genes in the primate cortex.
4516h agoThe left inferior parietal cortex directly affects neural responses in the ventral occipital-temporal cortex when processing manipulable objects, and the left arcuate fasciculus mediates the structural connectivity between parietal and temporal lobes that supports the integration of action and object representations.
4516h agoAberrant updating of expectations occurs in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder due to excess units encoding deviations from prior mean and a lack of sensory prediction errors in frontal areas.
4520h agoBurst firing in neurons arises from the interactions between intrinsic conductances, calcium mobilization, and synaptic stochasticity, which modulate neural coding under active synaptic bombardments.
4520h agoThe brain's ability to perform a wide range of computations on a minimal energy budget is achieved through constantly updated effective connectivity, which allows it to adapt to multiple stimuli and outcomes.
4520h agoThe Topological Morphology Descriptor (TMD) and its temporal extension (TTMD) accurately classify and analyze the growth dynamics of neuronal morphologies, enabling the detection of altered branching rate dynamics in genetically modified mutants.
4520h agoExcitatory and inhibitory synapses assemble in a coordinated way to maintain a balance between them during the development of neural circuits.
4520h agoThe brain processes language hierarchically across regions over time, and a new method can decompose neural responses to language features, capturing semantic information and improving encoding performance.
4520h agoRegions of the language network are coupled to one another through subspaces of shared linguistic features to facilitate language processing.
4520h agoPeople with 22q11 deletion syndrome have impaired cerebrovascular reactivity, particularly in areas like the anterior cingulate cortex and frontal lobes, which predicts the development of psychotic symptoms.
4520h agoSCN2A deficiency impairs long-range cortical axonal projections, reduces striatal spine density, and attenuates excitatory cortical-striatal synaptic transmission, leading to network hyperexcitability in human neural circuits.
4520h agoThe hippocampus, specifically its posterior part, plays a role in verbal memory, and its activity is negatively related to verbal memory test performance.
4520h agoA new implantable microprism interface allows for minimally-invasive, wide-field imaging with high brightness and resolution in deep brain areas.
4524h agoAugmentor (Fam150b) signaling through the ALK receptor in the hypothalamus helps control food intake and energy balance, and its expression increases in response to stress-induced inflammation.
4524h agoThe loss of neurofibromin function leads to cognitive dysfunction in neurofibromatosis type 1, and inhibiting Cxcr4 signaling with the drug Plerixafor improves learning in a zebrafish model of the disorder.
4524h agoVariational free energy accurately estimates how well a driver’s brain learns vehicle dynamics and predicts their steering performance.
4528h agoFundamental cognitive processes align with quantum principles, suggesting that humanoid AI should process information using quantum-theoretic laws.
4528h agoLarge Language Models can help study collective cognition by addressing complexity that has hindered it so far and also raise new risks that need methods.
4528h agoA new human sensory-musculoskeletal model, called SMS-Human, integrates multisensory inputs with precise anatomical representations to simulate human motor behaviors, including bipedal locomotion, object manipulation, and human-machine interaction.
4528h agoA novel model-based intrinsic drive called 3M-Progress enables artificial agents to exhibit robust autonomous exploration and naturalistic behavior similar to animals by tracking divergence between the agent's current world model and an ethological prior.
4528h agoA simple algorithm based on geometric inference effectively fills missing entries in Representational Dissimilarity Matrices using known distances.
4528h agoVariables related to intensity and training variability best predict learning success in auditory category learning, and training changes brain activity in speech and motor-related regions.
4528h agoA new method for pre-training brain computer interface models using self-supervised learning learns a representation of brain activity that supports standard tasks and reveals features related to individual variability and electrophysiological components.
4528h agoTransfer learning enhances the accuracy of sleep-stage decoding from wearable devices by leveraging neural network models pretrained on electroencephalographic signals.
4528h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new framework, generates text from brain signals in Chinese by aligning multichannel brain signals with natural language representations.
4528h agoThe Latent Structured Hopfield Network (LSHN) model integrates Hopfield attractor dynamics into an autoencoder architecture to effectively recall past experiences by associating semantic elements.
4528h agoIntegrating multimodal data fusion techniques helps analyze Alzheimer's disease, but current methods have flaws, so a new approach, the dynamic multimodal role-swapping network (GenDMR), was developed to better incorporate genetic information and improve diagnosis.
4528h agoThe engram theory, which suggests that sparse populations of neurons undergo lasting changes to support long-term memory, gains support from a synthesis of insights from cellular neuroscience and computational modeling, indicating that memory efficiency, capacity, and stability result from the interaction of plasticity and sparsity constraints.
4528h agoChanges in behavior can occur abruptly or continuously, and a new model predicts these changes without relying on underlying behavioral states.
4528h agoThe Reverse Facilitation Effect, where neutral trials are faster than congruent trials, occurs mainly due to attentional dynamics with limited resources.
4528h agoCortico-thalamic circuits in the brain are structured to perform a computation similar to multihead self-attention, a key component of artificial transformer networks.
4528h agoA novel neural network framework reveals that nonlinear recurrent processing is important for general-purpose tactile representations in the somatosensory cortex and helps achieve robust tactile perception.
4528h agoThe study discusses non-ideal systems where excitation sources have limited power and varying frequencies, and explores nonlinear phenomena such as the Sommerfeld effect and saturation phenomenon.
4528h agoThe Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rules are proved for the self-adjoint Zakharov-Shabat system and the Schrödinger equation with two simple turning points.
4528h agoThe structure of a network determines the number and stability of collective behaviors that emerge in groups, with even small changes to the network leading to a large increase in possible behaviors.
4528h agoDissipative Kerr solitons in nonlinear resonators can be engineered to create reconfigurable optical frequency combs with tunable spectrum by coupling resonator arrays with nonreciprocal couplings.
4528h agoThe integrable field generalization of the elliptic Calogero-Moser model is gauge equivalent to the higher rank XYZ Landau-Lifshitz model of vector type on 1+1 dimensional space-time.
4528h agoIn preschool classrooms, people align side-by-side when close and face-to-face when farther apart, due to a competition among alignment mechanisms that generates a sudden change in behavior at a certain distance.
4528h agoThe interaction between electromagnetic and aeroelastic forces can cause a Hyperloop vehicle to exhibit limit-cycle vibrations, and modulating the aeroelastic force can suppress or amplify parametric resonance induced by electromagnetic forces.
4528h agoFactorization methods help find stationary point vortex patterns in two-dimensional fluid mechanics, and patterns related to soliton solutions and Schrodinger operators provide complete solutions for certain classes of vortex systems.
4528h agoThe hierarchy of coupled Burgers-like equations arises from nonclassical symmetries of previous equations, and each element in the hierarchy has a five-dimensional Lie algebra of classical point symmetries.
4528h agoChanges in sea surface temperatures drive warming through radiative forcing, and a novel approach called response theory helps diagnose this link by capturing interactions between ocean and atmosphere to produce a sensitivity map of radiative flux responses.
4528h agoThe spectrum of geodesic motion on high-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds displays a Schwarzian mean level density, implying a possible duality to Jackiw-Teitelboim-type quantum gravity at the level of a single system.
4528h agoThe Korteweg-de Vries conserved quantities represent a useful tool to identify instabilities in the black hole spectrum of quasi-normal modes and their greybody factors.
4528h agoThe elliptic Calogero-Inozemtsev system of BCn type has a proposed R-matrix valued generalization for its 2n x 2n Lax pair.
4528h agoThe dense associative memory, a type of modern Hopfield network, can store large numbers of memory patterns, and its dynamics show convergence properties and attraction basin sizes that are analyzable through an exact approach.
4528h agoThe SYK chain exhibits efficient information scrambling and thermalization in individual energy eigenstates, with two-point correlation functions matching their thermal counterparts.
4528h agoParticles in a dynamic space filling process on a graph hop to neighboring vertices until each vertex is occupied by one particle, with the average time this takes scaling with the number of vertices as $N^{4/d}$ in low dimensions and as $N$ in high dimensions.
4528h agoA hybrid quantum-classical MCMC framework that combines a quantum circuit with a generative neural sampler improves sampling efficiency by 100 times over conventional methods.
4528h agoThe attention-indexed model (AIM) framework analyzes learning in deep attention layers by capturing how token-level outputs emerge from interactions over high-dimensional embeddings.
4528h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state ansatz, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body models, outperforming other neural quantum state ansatze.
4528h agoEnergy injected at microscopic scales in biological systems can persist at larger scales, and a new coarse-graining procedure helps determine how much irreversibility is retained.
4528h agoThe study investigates the strong-coupling limit of the SU(3) symmetric Fermi-Hubbard model, finding similar magnetic correlations and enhanced binding energies compared to the SU(2) square lattice equivalent.
4528h agoThe many-body localisation transition can be described by emergent characteristic energy scales that determine the behaviour of eigenstates in different phases.
4528h agoThe GHWS model reveals a discretization of parameter space into distinct collective dynamic states through basic processes with minimal modelling ingredients.
4528h agoThe Holstein mechanism in a single-electron system shows a quantum phase transition with distinct short-time and long-time behaviors.
4528h agoRidge regression's in- and out-of-sample risks have sharp asymptotics when data points have arbitrary correlations, and a modified estimator called CorrGCV provides an efficiently-computable unbiased estimate of the out-of-sample risk.
4528h agoPolaritonic chemistry and spin glasses are linked through a theoretical framework that explains how strong collective coupling to field fluctuations enables site- and bond-selective chemistry at room temperature.
4528h agoPhase crystals emerge at edges of a nodal d-wave superconductor and can survive up to 40-50% of the superconducting critical impurity strength, even with disorder present.
4528h agoRandom fiber networks' mechanical behavior is determined by a small subset of load-bearing fibers that form force chains, and their structure-function relationships can be predicted from structural information using an analytical approach.
4528h agoA repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene leads to production of abnormal proteins that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and mice engineered to produce one of these abnormal proteins develop mild motor dysfunction and protein changes.
4532h agoThe precision required for an action affects how people encode, maintain, and act on visual information in working memory, with higher precision leading to deeper encoding, more effortful maintenance, and more precise but slower reports.
4536h agoThe functional organisation of the cervical spinal cord has individual-specific properties, forming a unique "fingerprint" similar to that found in the brain.
4536h agoA new model that incorporates information about brain areas and their relationships improves the accuracy of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in tracking brain activity.
4536h agoA multiscale modeling approach predicts how molecular changes in the brain, such as those caused by anesthetics, affect overall brain activity.
4540h agoEngineered reporters called Released Markers of Activity (RMAs) allow noninvasive measurement of transgene expression in the brain of nonhuman primates through blood tests.
4540h agoStroke causes disrupted muscle recruitment, including over-recruitment of proximal muscles and reduced phasic activation of distal muscles, which correlates with motor impairment and time since stroke.
4540h agoNeuronal aging causes widespread problems with RNA biology, including mislocalization of splicing proteins, chronic cellular stress, and reduced resiliency.
4544h agoStroke induces changes in gene expression, cell behavior, and brain networks, and strategies to enhance cellular reprogramming and brain network reorganization may improve recovery outcomes.
4544h agoSome neurons act like body-proximity sensors that reflect the value of contacting or avoiding objects and compose a flexible predictive model for interacting with the world near the body.
4544h agoThe lack of STING protein leads to a faster brain response to alpha-synuclein protein deposits, but does not affect the overall loss of dopamine-producing neurons in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
4544h agoChanges in motivation, such as those seen in male mice after mating, occur over several days and are controlled by two mechanisms that regulate dopamine transmission in the brain.
4544h agoThe miRNA profile in HT22 cell line most closely matches that of mouse primary neuronal cultures, and over 300 miRNAs are similarly expressed across HT22, N2A, SH-SY5Y cell lines, and primary neurons.
4544h agoRedundancy masking involves the integration of neural signals from neighboring visual elements, rather than their suppression, when the brain reduces the number of perceived items in repeating patterns.
4548h agoRetrieving a concept through different levels of semantic detail leaves a detectable neural trace that shapes how the concept is reactivated later in the brain.
4548h agoA multi-region distributed learning model proposes that two populations of neurons, a controller and an adapter, work together to enable motor learning and adaptation to environmental changes.
4548h agoDopamine D1-like receptor activation primes area CA2 for synaptic plasticity, relieving its resistance to change and linking it to potential deficits in social memory.
4548h agoChronic social stress changes the gene expression in specific brain cells, called medium spiny neurons, in female mice, which can contribute to depression-like behaviors.
4548h agoThe accumulation of misfolded Amyloid beta and tau protein in Alzheimer Disease is likely caused by impaired waste removal through an extensive glial canal system formed by tanycytes, and these proteins may play a structural role in waste uptake.
4548h agoScientists have mapped the connections between sensory neurons in the wings of flies and their central nervous system, identifying both known and new neurons, including a population of proprioceptors that help control wing movement.
4548h agoAdvancements in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations.
4552h agoA neuroimaging-based biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been identified by linking brain imaging data with gene expression profiles, enabling early diagnosis.
4552h agoWeak connectivity in brain structural connections predicts human cognitive abilities and supports brain functions by amplifying its small weight in a nonlinear manner.
4552h agoA method can design a spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation to steer neural activity and behavior towards a desired target by identifying effective perturbation sites and combining approaches from nonlinear dynamical systems, control theory, and data-driven methods.
4552h agoA new method called Representational Differences Explanations (RDX) enables direct and interpretable comparisons between two learned representations, revealing meaningful distinctions between models.
4552h agoThe "surface wave" model and the "axoplasmic pressure wave" model describe the same underlying process.
4552h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
4552h agoThe Temporal Attention-enhanced Variational Graph Recurrent Neural Network (TAVRNN) model reveals relationships between adaptive behavior and the changing organization of neural networks, and generalizes across diverse neural systems and modalities.
4552h agoThe presence of faces in visual stimuli causally affects the connections within the brain's face-selective network, and subcortical regions play a crucial role in the network's causal structure.
4552h agoThe aperiodic neural activity can have different scaling exponents in low- and high-frequency regimes, and a new algorithm called MMSPM can estimate these exponents separately, revealing a bimodality pattern in EEG spectra.
4552h agoComplex systems develop structured network topologies through random processes only if they have critical topological complexity and dynamic alignment between topology and functionality.
4552h agoCell proliferation and diffusion can be accurately modeled using non-linear transformations of heat equation solutions with a Richards growth function.
4552h agoQuasi-homogeneous integrable systems have a parameter space with a Frobenius manifold structure that preserves a symplectic form under the induced flow, governing emergence of fractional powers and breakdown of the Painlev\'e property.
4552h agoThe autonomous system of 2 ordinary differential equations can be explicitly solved if its 23 coefficients are defined by specific formulas in terms of 15 arbitrary parameters.
4552h agoThe cascade size, single-seed cascade probability, and cascade condition in a Watts cascade model on directed multiplex networks are affected by induced patterns of node activity.
4552h agoOptimal network structures exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking as a function of resource scaling, and fluctuations can lead to a transition from a symmetry-broken state to a symmetric state.
4552h agoAdvancements in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations.
4552h agoEcho state networks combined with transfer learning accurately predict changes in long-term statistical patterns of the generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation across different parameter settings.
4552h agoIntroducing a symmetry-breaking disorder forces quantum states to penetrate a larger Hilbert space, driving the system to a chaotic phase and affecting quantum revivals and entanglement.
4552h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
4552h agoPairwise interactions alone can give rise to synergistic information in complex systems, even without explicit higher-order mechanisms.
4552h agoNumber-conserving cellular automata can be simulated on a computer to find interesting rules that govern interacting particles, such as grains of sand.
4552h agoDamage to a single link in a weighted network can enhance, deteriorate, or have no impact on the synchronization of coupled oscillators, and a mathematical framework can identify conditions where damage has these effects.
4552h agoThe Lorenz system has at least three dynamical constants of motion, despite its typical chaotic behavior.
4552h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function shows GUE-type oscillations at low energies, decaying exponentially at the Thouless energy scale, and matches previous results at high energies.
4552h agoThe correlation fractal dimension can be directly obtained from the long-time dynamics of interacting many-body quantum systems.
4552h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson, and Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses and a new phase of matter.
4552h agoThe mineral Kutinaite exhibits metallic diamagnetism due to a unique frustrated vacancy ordering of its copper sublattice when cooled below 300 K.
4552h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
4552h agoCorrelated emission of light between atomic spins happens under specific conditions when color centers emit into an electronic bath of conduction electrons.
4552h agoThe initialisation of neural networks determines smooth training and good performance, and an analytical theory shows that the variance of query and key initialisations in transformer blocks governs two regimes: a low-variance regime with rank collapse and a high-variance regime with entropy collapse.
4552h agoThe memorisation-to-generalisation transition in diffusion models occurs when the number of training samples N is roughly equal to the dimension of the inputs d.
4552h agoSupply networks behave differently depending on their topology and use of buffer stocks, with firms benefiting from broad, short supply chains and topology being crucial when stocks are used.
4552h agoStatistical physics analysis reveals that feature learning in a two-layer neural network emerges as the number of data increases, with learning transitions occurring based on the contribution of hidden neurons to observed responses.
4552h agoFidelity decays exponentially with circuit depth and the number of qubits, and has a linear relationship with the heavy output frequency used in Quantum Volume tests.
4552h agoScrambling unitary dynamics in a quantum system creates a non-local web of correlations that can exist in three distinct phases, characterised by different forms of quantum correlations between two disjoint subsystems.
4552h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on an array of coupled disordered transmons effectively removes leakage excitations from the qubit subspace, protecting quantum error correction protocols.
4552h agoSelf-attention layers can be characterized by dynamical systems analysis, which shows that normalization layers help improve inference performance by forcing dynamics close to a critical state.
4552h agoAtypical antipsychotics, such as clozapine and olanzapine, affect microglia biology indirectly by altering the secretion of extracellular vesicles from astrocytes.
4556h agoRHIM-derived tetrapeptides directly inhibit beta-amyloid aggregation, disassemble preformed fibrils, and reduce neural death and necroptosis, leading to improved cognition and memory in Alzheimer's disease models.
4560h agoThe transport of neuropeptide-containing vesicles in axons depends on a complex of proteins, including Sunday Driver, RUFY, dynein, and kinesin-1, which work together to recruit and regulate motor proteins.
4560h agoThe brain recruits spatial mechanisms to help represent time when faster, non-spatial timekeeping mechanisms are not working well.
4560h agoAstrocytes generate and release amyloid-beta aggregates, and their production increases when they experience lysosomal stress, which triggers a reactive phenotype marked by inflammation.
4560h agoTraumatic brain injury causes about 50% loss of retinal ganglion cell axons and terminals, but surviving axons can generate collateral sprouting to restore terminal density and connectivity, leading to improved visual function.
4561h agoA single mechanism of competitive inhibition between monocular populations can account for the depth of perceptual suppression across different visual rivalry paradigms.
4561h agoLithium ions move through sodium channels in neurons with similar ease as sodium ions, but differences exist between neuron types.
4561h agoChronic nicotine exposure from pouches increases seizure risk, impairs glymphatic function, and causes neuroinflammation, but inhaled cannabidiol (CBD) can reverse these harmful effects.
4561h agoStudy identifies DnaJ domain chaperones that can reduce or increase the toxicity of ALS-related proteins TDP-43 and FUS in yeast cells, offering potential targets for developing neuroprotective agents against ALS.
4561h agoThe histone variant H2A.Z plays a protective role in males with Alzheimer's disease but has a detrimental effect in females, with its binding in chromatin decreasing in females and increasing in males with the disease.
4561h agoHyperglycemia causes axon injury by activating the NADase SARM1 through a molecular link with pyruvate kinase M (PKM), leading to NAD+ depletion and axonal fragmentation.
4561h agoNutrients such as zinc, amino acids, and serine improve social behaviors in autism mouse models by reconfiguring neural connections and altering protein patterns.
4561h agoThe brain uses dynamic 'urgency' processes that reduce the amount of evidence needed to make a decision as time passes, and this process is also reflected in a specific brain signal called the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV).
4561h agoSounds paired with tactile exploration of textured surfaces change cortical excitability and emotional responses, particularly increasing the perceived unpleasantness of a rough surface when disagreeable sounds are used.
4561h agoThe nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) volume is inversely associated with cortical amyloid burden in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease.
4561h agoA non-human primate model of internal capsule infarct shows that damage to this brain region leads to persistent distal motor deficits and emergence of adaptive motor strategies.
4565h agoOlder adults tend to report fewer complex hallucinations than younger adults, both during and after an experiment designed to induce hallucinations.
4565h agoMovement-related signals shape auditory midbrain activity through both predictive and feedback mechanisms, even in the absence of auditory input.
4565h agoRats scan their environment along the entire length of a track, even when rewards are limited to the ends, and this scanning behavior increases in new environments and then declines with repeated exposure.
4565h agoSchizophrenia patients in the early stages have reduced structural connectivity in brain areas important for thinking, language, and executive functions.
4565h agoDexmedetomidine anesthesia produces a similar brain state to natural sleep, specifically N2 sleep, in terms of brain activity changes, more so than propofol anesthesia.
4565h agoIntuitive moral inference relies on four main moral dimensions - virtue, vice, hierarchy, and rebellion - which have distinct neural activation patterns in the brain.
4565h agoThree models of audio-visual integration, including OR, SUM, and REPEAT models, show different levels of multisensory integration, with the REPEAT model successfully capturing sensory repetition effects and the SUM model producing optimal but sometimes supra-optimal integration.
4565h agoNeural synchrony in the default mode network, particularly in the medial prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction, predicts the formation of social connections between people, especially during deep conversations.
4565h agoNeurons in the ventral precentral gyrus encode speech mode and loudness through their firing rates, allowing for decoding of attempted speech with high accuracy.
4565h agoHippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons receive specific patterns of excitatory and inhibitory synapses that help create place selectivity, with clustered excitatory synapses playing a key role in preserving spatial tuning.
4565h agoTransplanting healthy interneuron progenitors into mice with Alzheimer's-like symptoms restores slow brain oscillation and improves brain function.
4565h agoCHPG enhances the differentiation of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells through a mechanism that involves binding to mGluR5 receptors, which are expressed on these cells, not on astrocytes, and this effect may become relevant in multiple sclerosis pathology.
4565h agoInfluenza A virus infection during pregnancy increases the transfer of molecules from the mother's blood into the fetal brain, potentially triggering inflammatory pathways that contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.
4565h agoPrenatal alcohol exposure reduces the number and activity of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum, leading to impaired cognitive flexibility and compulsive drinking behavior in adult offspring.
4565h agoVisuotactile integration of spatial frequency cues follows the Maximum Likelihood Estimation rule, but is not affected by spatial proximity.
4565h agoThe Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) helps protect CA2 neurons from excitotoxic damage by supporting unique mitochondrial calcium handling capabilities.
4565h agoThe brain uses similar and different neural populations to encode articulatory movements during speech imagery and actual speech articulation, with shared populations in frontoparietal cortex and modality-specific populations in primary sensorimotor cortex.
4565h agoAn adaptive aberration correction method improves the quality of transcranial functional ultrasound imaging by accounting for skull-induced distortions, allowing for better imaging of brain layers near the skull.
4565h agoHigh-precision magnetoencephalography can accurately locate sources of neural activity across all six layers of the cortex, enabling the study of laminar-specific neural dynamics in human cognition and behavior.
4565h agoAstrocytic glycogenolysis in the anterior cingulate cortex controls pain chronification by inducing cancer-associated metabolic pathways.
4565h agoHyperactive inhibitory signaling and complement signaling coordinate to drive the selective elimination of inhibitory synapses, disrupting the balance of neurotransmission and contributing to the development of epilepsy.
4565h agoThe gamma-Pcdhs, specifically the C-type isoforms, have different roles in the nervous system, with gammaC4 being essential for neuronal survival but not required for self-avoidance in starburst amacrine cells.
4565h agoStimulation of the RMTg to VTA pathway suppresses reward seeking and promotes shifts in cost-benefit decisions, leading to avoidance learning in rats.
4565h agoA method using short observations of neural activity identifies effective brain stimulation sites and designs complex patterns to steer neural activity towards a desired target.
4565h agoInfra-slow EEG oscillations track meaningful contextual transitions during social interaction and their alignment facilitates shared understanding and joint action.
4565h agoEarly life pain and stress alter nervous system development, leading to susceptibility to fear, anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, and affect corticotropin releasing factor signaling in a sex-dependent manner.
4565h agoTRIM71 protein plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal development of the inner ear and hearing by regulating cell growth and differentiation.
4565h agoSTN-DBS improves temporal prediction performance in Parkinson's disease patients, likely by modulating beta and delta oscillatory activity.
4565h agoAge-related hearing loss changes the way neurons in the auditory cortex respond to sounds, with aged monkeys showing less distinction between different areas of the cortex and reduced response fidelity.
4565h agoMaternal immune activation during nursing disrupts milk quality and offspring neurobehavioral development, but environmental enrichment can rescue these effects by altering milk-derived extracellular vesicles that deliver signals to offspring.
4565h agoThe brain updates error sensitivity to learn from past errors, and this sensitivity is lower in unstable environments and higher in stable environments without perturbations.
4565h agoAxonal interactions of bilateral pioneer neurons initiate left-right asymmetry in a Drosophila central brain circuit, leading to hemisphere-specific microcircuits and affecting adult brain function.
4565h agoLi et al. define the classes of neurons, their connections, and how they acquire their identities in the intestinal submucosal plexus.
4565h agoDopamine responses in the brain track how animals interpret rewards and adjust their predictions based on what they believe is happening.
4565h agoThe choroid plexus provides molecular cues for brain development by releasing proteins through an apocrine secretion mechanism that changes the composition of the fluid surrounding the brain and guides cortical development.
4565h agoActivation of certain neurons in the lateral hypothalamus causes animals to prioritize survival over other essential needs by triggering a suitable motor action.
4565h agoA computational framework helps study how molecular changes impact brain activity by evaluating how drugs on synaptic receptors lead to changes in large-scale brain activity.
4565h agoLemborexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, protects against neurodegeneration in male tau transgenic mice by preventing tau protein build-up and inflammation.
4565h agoGABA and C3 signaling coordinate microglial engulfment of inhibitory synapses, driving excitatory–inhibitory imbalance and neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy.
4565h agoA new framework reveals that rare but persistent breakthroughs disrupt the foundations of research fields while remaining central to future work.
4565h agoReliable algorithms for decision-making need to build upon causal reasoning to ensure they align with real-world task objectives.
4565h agoSTCase, an interpretable tool, uses a multi-view graph neural network to uncover functional niche-specific cell-cell communication events from spatial transcriptomics data.
4565h agoPsilocybin enhances fear extinction in mice by suppressing fear neurons and recruiting extinction neurons in the retrosplenial cortex through individual-neuron reorganization.
4565h agoPhotonic computing offers a promising alternative for efficient probabilistic computing by directly encoding data in physical quantities.
4565h agoWriting an effective presubmission enquiry requires following specific recommendations.
4565h agoMilestone papers are consistently linked with a lasting impact on previous work, known as persistent disruption, where they change earlier research but are not later replaced.
4565h agoThe use of generative artificial intelligence in healthcare raises challenges for fairness and health equity.
4565h ago