A high-fat diet disrupts glucose regulation by damaging neurons in the brain that sense glucose, and this damage is caused by a decrease in a specific signaling pathway involving RSPO1.
0h agoResting-state fMRI data are weakly non-Gaussian and non-stationary, properties that allow topological data analysis and innovation-driven coactivation pattern analysis to distinguish them from random surrogates.
12h agoArousal and valence are represented throughout the brain, including in the cerebellum and brainstem, and can be decoded from whole-brain task-fMRI data using patterns of activation.
12h agoSensorimotor cognitive maps emerge from dynamic interactions between motor and mnemonic systems and are shaped by individual differences during learning and execution of movement.
12h agoHuman-dog interaction promotes recovery from acute stress by reducing heart rate, stress hormones, and brain activity, with direct interaction having a more pronounced effect.
12h agoTRPV channels in octopuses work as polymodal nociceptors that detect painful stimuli and may play a key role in the animal's pain response.
24h agoThe hippocampus stabilizes its spatial maps during learning, while the prefrontal cortex maintains a flexible representation that facilitates the extraction of abstract task structure and rapid adaptation.
32h agoThe brain predicts and adjusts to visual information at multiple levels of abstraction during natural scene viewing, with more predictable inputs leading to weaker responses in the visual cortex.
32h agoA wireless system with a neural decoder enables simultaneous neural monitoring and optogenetic stimulation in freely moving animals, achieving accuracy comparable to more complex systems.
32h agoPlay is associated with stronger connections among brain networks linked to creativity, and children who play more frequently have greater integration among these networks.
32h agoGlutamate co-release from catecholaminergic neurons modulates breathing patterns in a state-dependent manner and is selectively inhibited by opioids.
32h agoReciprocal inhibition, supported by modulatory signaling, is a core circuit mechanism that dynamically stabilizes persistent neural representations in working memory.
32h agoOxytocin helps mice groom distressed companions by activating a specific brain circuit that reduces anxiety and promotes helping behavior.
32h agoAdolescent brain maturation shifts the balance between excitation and inhibition, moving brains closer to criticality, where they become more adaptable and able to transmit information effectively.
32h agoThe ventrolateral prefrontal cortex processes visual information in two stages, first encoding low spatial frequency components of an image to form a coarse estimate of an object's position and category, and then maintaining a detailed representation of the visual scene.
32h agoDynamic competition for limited working memory resources affects retention in long-term memory, with items de-prioritized during working memory maintenance more likely to be forgotten.
32h agoThe brain uses a similar neural code to represent the order of movements and sounds, with a primacy gradient that reflects the ordinal position of each item in the sequence.
32h agoRoutines are disrupted by frequent switches between tasks, which reduces sensitivity to the odds of success for completing a task.
32h agoThe paratenial thalamus (PT) is a distinct thalamic nucleus with thalamocortical cells that project to the medial prefrontal cortex and receive reciprocal connections, allowing the cortex to broadcast to the subcortex.
32h agoFemale rats show enhanced endocannabinoid regulation of cocaine-evoked dopamine signaling, with greater sensitivity to cannabinoid type 1 receptor regulation and increased dopamine release when not in estrous cycle.
36h agoTransformer-based language models reflect meaningful variation in aphasic discourse and can distinguish between different types of aphasia and changes over time.
36h agoMice inoculated with prions that received a gene therapy with a protective virus encoding a mutated prion protein survived about 50 days longer than unprotected mice.
40h agoHerpes simplex virus infection increases the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by triggering TDP-43 pathology through a molecular mechanism involving disturbance of promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies.
40h agoPostnatal Zika virus infection disrupts the development of sensory, social, and emotion-regulatory systems and cerebrospinal fluid function in infant rhesus macaques.
40h agoGenetic variants associated with several neurodegenerative diseases converge on altered DNA methylation and expression of the myelin oligodendrocyte basic protein (MOBP) gene, with MOBP dysregulation emerging as a shared feature of neurodegeneration.
44h agoThe goldfish pallium contains distinct, spatially organized sensory representations for different senses, including somatosensory, auditory, gustatory, and visual, with a refined internal functional architecture.
44h agoThe automated method, called RMT-Finder, reliably and quickly determines the Resting Motor Threshold (RMT) for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) studies, producing results equivalent to manual measurements.
44h agoDensity functional theory is entering a period of rapid advancement, enabled by emerging schemes, richer descriptors, machine learning, and broader datasets.
48h agoSubmitting an appeal regarding an editorial decision requires a considerable investment of time and effort from authors.
48h agoPheromone-sensitive olfactory receptor neurons have their ability to encode pheromone signals disrupted by certain volatile plant compounds, which can alter spike timing and reduce coding performance.
48h agoAge-related hearing loss in older monkeys causes cochlear degeneration, auditory problems, and impairments in visual working memory, suggesting a link between hearing and cognitive decline.
48h agoCognitive processes operate across a hierarchy of timescales, manifesting as rapid neural transients and slower physiological mechanisms, and a new generative framework called DCM-SR models these dynamics by capturing how neural parameters evolve over time and influence each other.
48h agoCross-participant modeling framework allows accurate cortical mapping with much less brain response data from a new participant.
48h agoChanges in brain connectivity after non-invasive stimulation do not relate to changes in response inhibition.
48h agoMetacognitive evaluation requires a distinct neural process that integrates information from multiple frequency bands, rather than simply reading out performance signals.
48h agoDisruption of a specific brain network, including posterior midline hubs and brainstem and anterior midline regions, alters a person's capacity for self-transcendence, which is the ability to focus on others, nature, or broader meaning.
48h agoCell identity determines how cells respond to Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) signals, with the same receptor profiles yielding different signaling responses in distinct cell types.
48h agoA high-fat diet changes brain activity differently in males and females, with the somatosensory cortex playing a key role in regulating palatable food consumption in a sex-specific way.
48h agoConsciousness arises when fractal compression of sensory information generates a holographic endospace that allows the Self to perceive and control the outer world and its molecular substrate.
48h agoPsilocybin reduces responses to aversive stimuli and established aversive-associated tones in the auditory cortex, while increasing coordination across tone-responsive neurons and later reducing it among neurons encoding the aversive-associated tone.
48h agoAxon bundles in the brain have stable radius distributions, which allows 2D histology to accurately represent them and predict conduction velocity, despite individual axons having varying radii along their length.
48h agoNeuromuscular reflexes to sensory input vary by motor unit and are shaped by motor neuron characteristics, including force level, recruitment threshold, and contraction intensity.
48h agoNormal aging increases neuroinflammatory signaling and microglial activation in the dorsal striatum, but surprisingly, perineuronal net homeostasis remains largely preserved.
48h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex helps generate precise time intervals, while the anterior cingulate cortex evaluates errors and confidence in time production.
48h agoTruncated isoforms of monoamine transporters, such as the NET-derived isoform A0A804HLI4, act as potential inhibitors by forming stable complexes with canonical transporters, disrupting their normal function and potentially downregulating synaptic reuptake capacity.
48h agoSaccades cause both increased sound power and phase resetting in the 30-45 Hz frequency band, which contribute to the pulse-like eye movement-related eardrum oscillations.
48h agoIntrinsic theta phase organizes sensory gain and behavior in humans, with distinct neural processes controlling leftward and rightward attention, leading to behavioral asymmetry.
48h agoIron overload increases amyloid beta 42 toxicity at low temperatures and worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in worms that overexpress amyloid beta 42.
48h agoAge-related changes in the way people walk contribute to declining navigation abilities, with older adults showing a faster accumulation of navigation errors and a greater reliance on visual landmarks.
48h agoMice with hypersensitive 2 nAChRs have increased brain glucose metabolism, while those without the 2-subunit have decreased brain glucose metabolism and altered brown adipose tissue glucose metabolism compared to controls.
48h agoKetone body metabolism is essential for maximum energy production, neuronal function, and survival in the brain, even under normal nutritional conditions.
48h agoThe brain can build internal experiences, such as memories and imaginations, without visual images, by using different mental resources.
48h agoThe brain generates flexible cognitive states by retiming the flow of signals across a stable network architecture, rather than by reconfiguring the architecture itself.
48h agoIndividual differences in early language development are reflected in growth of gray matter in the brain's executive functions network, particularly in the right superior frontal gyrus.
48h agoSevere hypoglycemia damages a specific brain region, the retrosplenial cortex, through a cycle of neuron and microglia interaction, leading to cognitive decline.
48h agoSpinal muscular atrophy astrocytes have intrinsic defects in filopodia actin, which correlates with decreased synapse function and number, but SMN1 gene therapy and forskolin treatment can improve motor neuron synapse formation and function.
48h agoThe dentate gyrus learns to integrate olfactory and spatial signals from the entorhinal cortex, transforming them into sparse and highly specific representations that improve with experience.
56h agoLarger foundation models pretrained with more diverse data improve the accuracy of predictions in network biology, and quantization enables efficient predictions while preserving biological knowledge.
56h agoHorusEye, a foundation model for X-ray tomography restoration, learns realistic degradation from data and enables imaging at lower doses with reduced hardware requirements, while improving expert analysis and AI performance.
56h agoThe DIANA pipeline provides fully automated analysis of long-read whole-genome sequencing data to support CNS tumor diagnostics by combining methylation classification with prioritized genetic variants.
56h agoInhibiting Nav1.7 channels in human pain-sensing neurons causes a substantial shift in action potential threshold, increases the refractory period, and slightly reduces action potential peak, but has little effect on repetitive firing.
60h agoStochastic transmitter release from presynaptic neurons modulates postsynaptic firing frequencies, and analysis of inter-spike interval statistics reveals parameter regimes driving precision in postsynaptic action potential timing.
60h agoSpatialization in working memory uses similar frontoparietal networks for both visual and auditory information, but shows modality-specific patterns in the inferior frontal gyrus, anterior intraparietal sulcus, and posterior hippocampus.
60h agoSimultaneous wide-field calcium imaging and fMRI shows that brain activity waves detected by fMRI are correlated with preceding slow waves of neural activity.
60h agoHearing loss and a genetic risk factor for psychosis both impair auditory cortical temporal acuity, but they affect the brain's neural activity in distinct ways.
60h agoDeaf individuals have different visual processing abilities than hearing individuals, with reduced sensitivity to dynamic emotional expressions and global motion, preserved sensitivity to facial identity and static expressions, and enhanced ability to categorize facial speech.
60h agoLow-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) corrects age-related abnormalities in the cerebellum and improves spatial memory in mice.
60h agoObserving others' behavior influences decision-making by increasing trust and prompting behavioral changes through neural structures including the orbitofrontal cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex.
60h agoGene replacement therapy restores brain function and increases survival in a mouse model of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) by reducing toxic neurotransmitter levels.
60h agoIntervertebral disc injury leads to localized neuromuscular adaptations, including increased muscle activation and variability, but does not disrupt overall locomotor patterns.
60h agoA mismatch between sensory input and behavioral output acts as error-correcting redundancy, which helps protect against cognitive decline by delaying the point at which progressive neuronal loss leads to cognitive failure.
60h agoBodily states modulate perceptual inference through precision-weighting, where internal bodily states adjust the brain's sensitivity to sensory information, and this process is primarily controlled by local inhibitory mechanisms in the cortex.
60h agoThe vestibular system's anti-gravity responses, including the tail-lift reflex and air-righting reflex, mainly depend on the function of type I sensory hair cells, but the specific hair cells involved vary by reflex and ear region.
60h agoSleep deprivation disrupts memory processes by altering brain networks beyond the hippocampus, but memories can be recovered by boosting cGMP signaling with vardenafil and stimulating engram cells.
60h agoEvent-Related Warping (ERW) aligns template functions to correct for temporal variability in sequential experimental designs, preserving inter-channel timing relationships and allowing for coherent response recovery.
60h agoReward reduces motor slowing caused by repeated movements, allowing people to maintain movement speed by investing more physical effort.
60h agoEnvironmental olfactory exposures drive changes to multiple cell types in the main olfactory epithelium, including olfactory sensory neurons, support cells, and immune cells.
60h agoA new approach called MSFL combines amplitude and phase information of brain signals to better detect brain disorders, outperforming existing models in classifying autism spectrum disorder and major depressive disorder.
64h agoPlasticity, a fundamental property of complex systems, is formalized as a ratio between system size and connectivity strength, and it has an optimal range that balances change and coherence, enabling a system's capacity for change to be quantified.
64h agoThe laws of motion governing classical gravitation and Coulomb forces optimize relative motion and quasi-circular orbits, as indicated by a reward function inferred from the dynamics of the observed system.
64h agoHigh-resolution brain imaging can now map molecular composition of synapses, and this data can be translated into local neuronal physiology using a new concept called an ultrastructure-to-dynamics compiler.
64h agoMathematical analysis alongside computational simulation can push attitude theory further by providing precise, quantitative theoretical predictions.
64h agoA new framework proposes that biological neural networks maximize correlative information between layer activations, providing a more biologically realistic alternative to traditional artificial neural networks and the backpropagation algorithm.
64h agoA novel solution method based on convex relaxation and optimization effectively fits reinforcement learning models to behavioral data in multi-armed bandit environments, achieving comparable performance to the state-of-the-art while reducing computation time.
64h agoThe Lyness mapping can be deautonomised for arbitrary order N when its derivative form is used, but only the N=2 case can be deautonomised in its standard form.
64h agoNovikov algebras of Stäckel type lead to evolutionary soliton hierarchies, including coupled Korteweg-de Vries and Harry Dym hierarchies, through centrally extended Hamiltonian operators.
64h agoConservative interaction between phase oscillators occurs when the phase volume is conserved, and this happens under a general condition based on a pair-Hamiltonian for pairwise couplings.
64h agoTrajectory-based information entropy can provide a useful diagnostic of chaos in gravitational systems, complementing the largest Lyapunov exponent, and may better capture changes in global phase-space mixing.
64h agoAI safety depends on penalties for unsafe behaviour, low-cost monitoring, and transparency, and user trust and developer choices co-evolve to result in one of three possible outcomes: no adoption, unsafe but widely adopted systems, or safe and widely adopted systems.
64h agoPushed fronts that create periodic patterns by invading an unstable state are nonlinearly stable and attract initial data supported on a half-line, determining propagation speeds and wave numbers for invasion.
64h agoOkounkov's formula relating GUE correlators to Witten's intersection numbers leads to a new proof that Witten's intersection numbers are connected to the KdV integrable hierarchy.
64h agoRepulsive three-body interactions support stable vortex-antivortex pair formation, while attractive three-body interactions trigger snake instability and boundary-driven vortex disintegration in exciton-polariton condensates.
64h agoPlasticity, a fundamental property of complex systems, is formalized as a ratio between system size and connectivity strength, and it has an optimal range that balances change and coherence, enabling a system's capacity for change to be quantified.
64h agoQuantum and stochastic deformations of the rule-54 reversible cellular automaton have an infinite tower of mutually commuting conserved charges, and a non-equilibrium steady state can be constructed for the stochastic deformation with open boundary conditions.
64h agoA novel Physics-Spatiotemporal Masked Autoencoder method accurately predicts high-dimensional dynamical systems with irregular time steps by integrating spatial feature extraction and masked autoencoders.
64h agoThe study examines a system of two cubic reaction-diffusion equations for gene frequencies in population dynamics and identifies all possible symmetries, constructing a wide range of new exact solutions.
64h agoCalculating the Lyapunov exponent can effectively quantify the complexity of cardiac systems and help understand the onset of rhythm disorders.
64h agoA novel machine learning approach learns a surrogate dynamical system that accurately evolves Lagrangian trajectories in turbulence, reproducing short-term and long-term statistical behavior.
64h agoConstrained instantons provide a method for computing the vacuum decay rate in theories where no saddle point exists, and applying this approach to a massive scalar field theory reveals a two-branch structure of solutions.
64h agoThe quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain has non-Gaussian spin current fluctuations in the easy-axis anisotropy regime, with a nested Gaussian distribution that relates to the spin diffusion constant and static spin susceptibility.
64h agoThe proposed algorithm provides a noise-robust framework for discovering stochastic differential equations by converting the identification problem into two linear sparse identification problems.
64h agoThe symmetric binary Perceptron problem turns into a solvable inference problem when framed as a teacher-student formulation, allowing for a guaranteed solution at any sample density.
64h agoThe complexity of quantum states in Krylov space sharply distinguishes between ergodic and many-body localised phases, with complexity scaling linearly with Fock-space dimension in ergodic phases and sublinearly in many-body localised phases.
64h agoMulti-agent systems powered by large language models reach consensus through mutual learning, where agents' arbitrary choices can compound and shape the outcome through a process called memetic drift.
64h agoHigh nitrogen content in metallic molybdenum nitrides induces a transition from metal to semimetal at the two-dimensional limit.
64h agoPlasticity, a fundamental property of complex systems, is formalized as a ratio between system size and connectivity strength, and it has an optimal range that balances change and coherence, enabling a system's capacity for change to be quantified.
64h agoModern neural networks can learn underlying rules and memorize specific facts or exceptions simultaneously because their overparameterization allows them to allocate excess capacity to support both memorization and rule learning.
64h agoThe surface code's threshold under coherent errors depends on the decoding method, with optimal decoding preventing a "thermal-metal" phase that can occur with suboptimal decoding.
64h agoA magnetic field enhances the crossover from Anderson localization to the non-Hermitian skin effect in disordered one-dimensional spinful non-Hermitian systems, facilitating Anderson delocalization even in strongly disordered systems.
64h agoThe boson-fermion coupling enhances the stability of the quantum spin-glass phase and strongly modifies the dynamics of both bosons and fermions.
64h agoThe non-Hermitian mosaic Maryland model has kappa-1 robust extended bands that persist for modulation periods kappa >= 2, regardless of potential strength and non-Hermiticity.
64h agoLocal measurements can generate volume-law entangled states in a system without intrinsic unitary dynamics through non-commuting measurements.
64h agoFIRE-Swap predicts a rock-salt-like chemical order in relaxor lead magnesium niobate (PMN), which is absent in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and lead strontium titanate (PST), and identifies interconnected polar nanoregions within Nb clusters that explain relaxor ferroelectricity.
64h agoMilk protein intake helps reduce physiological fatigue and improves cognitive performance during prolonged esports play.
64h agoEEG-SSFormer, a new state space model based architecture, accurately classifies mild cognitive impairment and dementia from normal controls using raw resting-state electroencephalography signals.
64h agoAcute hypoxic exposure impairs olfactory function in adult zebrafish by causing neurodegeneration and inflammation in the olfactory epithelium and bulb, but function recovers within 5 days as morphology is restored and supported by a strong proliferative response.
64h agoNeurosteroids can now be delivered with receptor-level and cell-type specificity using a new DART platform, allowing for selective modulation of GABAA receptor signaling in defined neuronal populations.
64h agoThe electrical conductivity of cortical gray matter varies at small scales, with mesoscale maps revealing pronounced conductivity granularity at 50-100 m scales and significant variations in both radial and tangential directions.
64h agoThe gene UBE3A controls the development of brain connections and their function, and its defects lead to changes in brain activity and the neurodevelopmental disorder Angelman syndrome.
64h agoMutations in ANXA11 cause neurodegenerative diseases by forming amyloid fibrils that induce TDP-43 abnormalities, disrupt nucleocytoplasmic transport, and lead to neuronal toxicity.
64h agoEarly monocyte IL-1β signalling regulates downstream T cell infiltration and effector function after traumatic brain injury, and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome improves motor and cognitive function recovery.
64h agoCajal-Retzius neurons play a crucial role in the maturation of hippocampal sub-circuits, particularly in the development of superficial CA1 pyramidal cells' spatial representation and intrinsic firing properties.
76h agoChildren who stutter have four distinct subtypes of brain atypicalities that are associated with different stuttering severity and recovery rates.
76h agoSingle-cell proteomics reveals that nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells leads to clear separation between undifferentiated and treated cells, and identifies distinct subpopulations with different protein expression patterns.
76h agoPrecise topography of hippocampal circuits shapes the spatial coding and stability of subicular networks.
76h agoThe cerebellum's organization and connectivity with other brain areas are influenced by serotonin and dopamine systems, which predict how well people adapt to new motor tasks under reward and punishment.
76h agoNorepinephrine and the state of arousal influence hemodynamic correlations across the cerebral cortex, requiring a new approach to interpreting functional magnetic resonance imaging data.
80h agoA new method of stimulus generation that assumes sparse representation improves the efficiency and interpretability of reverse correlation, a technique for understanding subjective preferences, by reducing the number of trials needed and making stimuli easier to understand.
80h agoMaternal neuroticism predicts increased interpersonal neural synchrony between mothers and children, especially during passive and free interactions, suggesting that heightened neural synchrony may reflect over-attunement in anxious caregivers.
80h agoDifferences in a type of brain receptor, GABRA5, in certain parts of the brain determine the speed and accuracy of visual perceptual learning.
80h agoLower LACTB expression in myeloid cells reduces Alzheimer's Disease risk by increasing levels of succinylcarnitine and altering cellular functions.
80h agoAuditory attention reorganizes the temporal alignment of entrained neural activity across cortical networks, enabling the selection of relevant sounds in dynamic environments.
80h agoDopamine and ATP transmission are tightly coupled in the nucleus accumbens core, with manipulations that increase dopamine transmission also increasing ATP transmission, and sharing common regulatory mechanisms, but with a secondary source of ATP release independent of dopamine terminals.
84h agoEEG features beyond spectral power help predict cognitive and clinical outcomes in adults with a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms, with different working memory tasks relating to distinct neural processes and predicting different outcomes.
84h agoHuman brain assembloids with a disease-causing variant have a "hub-like" network topology that is more interconnected and prone to hypersynchrony, which can be used to distinguish them from healthy controls.
84h agoThe primary somatosensory cortex in humans shows functional patterns consistent with columnar organisation, where neurons with similar properties are arranged vertically.
84h agoEnhancing adult hippocampal neurogenesis through genetic expansion of neural stem cells partially rescues hippocampal-specific cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease.
84h agoThe human brain has a basic organizational structure present at birth, with sensory and cognitive patterns similar to those in adults, and specific metrics that can measure brain maturity and the effects of prematurity.
84h agoThe thalamus plays a central role in the development and organisation of the cortex, with the maturation rates of thalamic nuclei and the timing and spatial distribution of thalamocortical innervation influencing the formation of cortical networks during gestation.
84h agoDopamine directly modulates conditioned responding in addition to its role in learning.
84h agoThe retrieval state, a brain state engaged when attempting to retrieve the past, reflects a domain-general internal attention process that supports both episodic and semantic memory.
84h agoWhite matter in children's brains develops at different rates in different areas, following specific patterns that support the emergence of cognitive and socioemotional functions.
84h agoThe mammalian motor cortex uses a high-dimensional computational method to control complex movements, such as bat flight, by coordinating individual neurons with mixed selectivity for specific flight kinematics.
84h agoRepeated inputs are filtered through two forms of plasticity: rapid adaptation over seconds and experience-driven learning over days, which interact within cortical circuits to change how brain cells respond to familiar and rewarding stimuli.
84h agoEye movement signals can reach the ear and produce audible sounds when there is an abnormality in the tensor tympani muscle, leading to functional consequences for auditory perception.
84h agoThe human language network develops in three stages: early localization, a distributed state during adolescence, and refined localization in adulthood.
84h agoA confidence-modulated shared-control framework balances stabilization and responsiveness in brain-computer interfaces by integrating decoded neural commands with a temporal prior.
84h agoOlder adults' spatial memory declines because of cognitive and neural factors that affect their ability to process spatial environments, regardless of whether they are viewed from the same or different perspectives.
84h agoThe unique hues of red, green, blue, and yellow directly connect to the statistics of the natural visual environment.
88h agoA Riemannian metric on three-dimensional color space is derived from neural population codes in the visual pathway, producing a 17-parameter model that fits four independent datasets on color perception.
88h agoA new EEG-conditioned framework successfully reconstructs dynamic functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequences with high spatial fidelity and strong temporal coherence from electroencephalography (EEG) data.
88h agoIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder show unusual patterns of eye movements, with 39% of them having atypical oculomotor control compared to 5% of typically developed individuals.
88h agoKINESIS, a model-free motion imitation framework, learns to generate human-like movement by imitating locomotion patterns and achieves strong performance on unseen trajectories and various tasks.
88h agoThe Chen-Lee-Liu model's positive and negative flows, including Burgers hierarchy, are formulated using Riemann-Hilbert-Birkhoff decomposition, and soliton solutions are classified and obtained through a dressing method and vertex operators.
88h agoPassive diffusive coupling between layers of plankton communities induces synchronized spatial patterns and enhances their stability against environmental noise.
88h agoNonlocal coupling controls the collective noise-induced dynamics of non-excitable oscillators in coherence resonance by enhancing the effect as the coupling radius increases.
88h agoThe robustness of higher-order networks is generically ill-defined when quantified by the instantaneous smallest positive eigenvalue of the Hodge 1-Laplacian under simplex deletion, but a branch-consistent functional robustness can be defined by fixing the first nonharmonic branch and following it throughout the damage process.
88h agoPretrained language models exhibit reasoning capabilities at inference time when trained at self-organized criticality, with better reasoning linked to an order parameter close to zero.
88h agoThe intervention of a large language model does not increase the performance susceptibility of a strategy set with respect to budget when computational resources are sufficiently large.
88h agoThe model shows that protein concentrations near membranes with different lipids exhibit oscillatory phase separation, while lipid dynamics undergo classical phase separation, leading to multiscale patterns with traveling protein domains and stationary lipid domains.
88h agoGenerative AI can fabricate fictitious case law, statutes, and judicial holdings that appear authentic, posing a risk to attorneys and courts.
88h agoA new method based on spectral visibility graphs provides early warnings for both primary and secondary bifurcations that lead to oscillatory instabilities in engineering systems.
88h agoThe system of linear oscillators coupled by social network links exhibits chaotic dynamics that leads to a distribution of energy or wealth similar to the wealth inequality seen in the world, where a small portion of the population holds a large portion of the wealth.
88h agoPublic opinion and individual willingness to vaccinate play a crucial role in controlling infectious diseases, with stronger local risk perception promoting pro-vaccination opinions and suppressing infection, while peer influence can lead to higher long-term infection levels.
88h agoThe location of Hopf and Bogdanov--Takens bifurcations in planar predator--prey systems is governed by a geometric principle where the prey coordinate of any coexistence equilibrium lies between consecutive critical points of the prey nullcline.
88h agoThe study establishes nonlinear stability results for fronts that create periodic patterns through the invasion of an unstable state in reaction-diffusion systems.
88h agoThe sensitivity of individuals to strategy performance and the strategies themselves co-evolve, with the outcome depending on the type of interaction and learning rule used.
88h agoBoolForge is a Python toolbox that generates and analyzes Boolean functions and networks with prescribed canalization properties, enabling controlled investigations of structure-dynamics relationships.
88h agoThe study discovers two-parameter families of matrix product operators that commute with the Heisenberg spin chain Hamiltonian for various anisotropies.
88h agoThe quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain has non-Gaussian spin current fluctuations in the easy-axis anisotropy regime, with a nested Gaussian distribution of typical spin-current fluctuations characterized by its variance related to the spin diffusion constant and static spin susceptibility.
88h agoA formulation of an optimal control problem helps achieve a desired circulation in a two-dimensional diffusion process while speeding up convergence to a stationary distribution.
88h agoHierarchical crack patterns in drying thin films have a specific morphology that can be analyzed using graph theory and image processing, with a simulation model best reproducing the patterns' key features.
88h agoQuantum annealing performs well in finding low-energy states in spin-glass models, and it can locate these states faster than classical annealing algorithms.
88h agoMachine learning estimates the ground-state energy of quantum Hamiltonians by applying data-driven Koopman analysis within the framework of variational wave functions.
88h agoA deep reinforcement learning approach identifies advanced magnetic-field-temperature paths that create stable magnetic skyrmions with longer lifetimes in Fe3GeTe2 monolayers.
88h agoQuantum magnets in certain materials exhibit a quantum-driven transition at specific critical points, where quantum fluctuations destroy approximately 55% of the classical ferromagnetic stability window.
88h agoA new zero-temperature fixed-point associated with the spin glass transition in a field is found in dimensions below 8, with three independent critical exponents and a correction-to-scaling exponent computed.
88h agoDisorder causes a transition between a skin effect phase, where charges cluster at a boundary, and a many-body localized phase, where charges localize at random positions, in systems that conserve a U(1) charge, but the non-Hermitian skin effect remains stable to arbitrary disorder when dipoles or higher multipoles are conserved.
88h agoNeural networks with large but limited width can be theoretically characterized, and their generalization performance can be predicted using closed-form expressions based on a few key parameters.
88h agoThe mixed-field quantum Ising model on Erdős-Rényi graphs exhibits a crossover from a localized regime to a chaotic regime to an integrable limit as graph connectivity increases.
88h agoA microscopic theory of disordered electrons covers both the metallic phase with extended waves and the localized phase where particles form bound states.
88h agoCritical states, which exhibit properties between extended and localized states, are experimentally realized through a rigorous mechanism in a quantum system.
88h agoFlat bands offer a platform for enhanced light-matter interactions, and their interaction with a two-level emitter results in Rabi oscillations with a lifted photonic mode that remains protected against structural fluctuations.
88h agoNeural quantum states with a limited number of nonlinearities have an entanglement entropy bound that grows logarithmically with the number of spins.
88h agoA multilayer perceptron correctly identifies critical temperatures of 2D antiferromagnetic q-state Potts models with q=2,3,4,5,6 on a square lattice, even though it was not trained on these models.
88h agoSingle-nucleotide variants in the promoters of NMNAT2 and SARM1 genes modify their transcription levels, potentially increasing susceptibility to programmed axon death.
88h agoThe brain combines sensory input with prior expectations first, and then prioritizes surprising information, to enable efficient recognition and model updating.
88h agoAn unsupervised reconstruction-based objective best explains the neural tuning properties of MSTd, a brain area involved in self-motion perception, rather than a supervised task optimization.
88h agoHyperactive homeostatic mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) counteract the suppressive effects of riluzole, a commonly prescribed therapy for the disease.
88h agoCombining botulinum neurotoxin type A with electrical muscle stimulation restores hindlimb motor function and reduces neuropathic pain in chronic spinal cord injury.
88h agoThe dendritic membrane-associated periodic skeleton is made of a dual system of beta-spectrin proteins that are co-expressed and interleaved at the nanoscale, providing structural redundancy and paralogue-specific regulatory mechanisms.
88h agoShort-term exposure to particulate matter predicts poorer cognitive performance, including executive control and attention, in healthy young adults.
88h agoMueller glia interact with growing blood vessels in the retina through a process that is independent of neuronal activity, and this interaction may provide important cues for the development of the retinal blood vessels.
88h agoOverexpressing BiP reduces ER stress, improves memory, and decreases Alzheimer's disease-related molecular pathology in a mouse model.
88h agoAuditory-motor learning is fast and context-sensitive, shaped by both short-term adaptation to changing sound patterns and long-term experience from targeted training.
92h agoThe brain's long-range feedback connections play a crucial role in resolving visual ambiguity by transmitting abstract information from the prefrontal cortex to the temporal cortex, guiding the neural dynamics to reconstruct missing features.
92h agoWorse vestibular function in patients with vestibular schwannomas associates with fewer sensory hair cells and more damaged nerve endings in the inner ear, and also relates to age.
92h agoA computational framework called FLIKS simulates how signaling molecules interact with fluorescent sensors, allowing for accurate interpretation of images and providing a quantitative basis for analyzing sensor data.
92h agoThe WTR toolkit enables labeling, recording, and manipulation of downstream neurons, and was used to characterize differential actions of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in thermoregulation and stress responses.
92h agoA novel framework that analyzes EEG synchronizations evoked by olfactory stimuli accurately diagnoses early Alzheimer's disease by identifying key timings and synchronization values.
92h agoThe relationship between neural connections, neural activity, and behavior is understood by using a computer model of the worm's brain, which shows that different behaviors are generated by either separate or connected groups of neurons.
92h agoMuller glia in the vertebrate retina are partitioned into three distinct subpopulations that persist from early development into adulthood, each with unique functions and characteristics.
92h agoMotor control involves a superposition of fast random walk and slow drifts within and outside the solution space during multi-finger force production, with visual feedback playing a crucial role in structuring performance stability.
92h agoElectrical perturbation of the human brain reveals that cross-scale principles govern reorganization, linking molecular, cellular, and network-level constraints to behavioral adaptation.
92h agoDelusions arise as an adaptive consequence of generative models learned under atypical conditions, not from faulty inference, and are maintained through a reorganisation of the model relating observed events to hidden causes.
92h agoSynThIA, a new software pipeline, accurately quantifies synapses, including multi-partite synapses, by analysing up to four markers, providing detailed measurements of synaptic composition and distribution.
92h agoPathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene cause Wolfram syndrome, which leads to progressive synaptic alterations in the retina, driven by early presynaptic compartment failure, resulting in vision loss.
92h agoA new message-passing mechanism allows a neural network to incorporate structural connectivity, enabling accurate brain decoding and network-level interpretation from limited data.
92h agoMucin-targeted delivery vehicles called GlycoShuttles enable efficient transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier into brain cells, facilitating treatment of central nervous system diseases.
92h agoGlial coverage area ratio correlates with visual function, including visual acuity and contrast threshold, as strongly as traditional axon count.
100h agoDopamine promotes reinforcement learning or movement vigor depending on its relative timing with acetylcholine release in the striatum.
104h agoNeMO Analytics provides a collection of public brain data that helps biologists explore hundreds of datasets and gain insights into brain development.
104h agoPeople's aesthetic preferences are consistent across different domains, and an abstract mechanism drives their aesthetic evaluation rather than the specific stimuli they are evaluating.
104h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound exerts bidirectional modulation of a sensory pathway, exciting or inhibiting responses to tactile stimulation depending on the stimulation parameters, by activating or deactivating specific neurons.
104h agoNeural synchronization to phrases and sentences, but not syllables, is resilient to naturalistic variations in speech rhythm, suggesting that linguistic structure processing is fundamentally distinct from acoustic processing.
104h agoConvolutional neural networks can develop a joint code that extracts both object identity and continuous variables like position and size from a single visual representation.
104h agoWhite matter microstructure, specifically myelin and axonal diameter, shapes large-scale brain communication and functional connectivity, with myelin influencing long-range communication and axonal diameter influencing short-range communication.
104h agoNeural sources in the brain's frontal and temporal lobes respond differently when producing syllables at word boundaries compared to within words.
104h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area form a circuit with distinct subpopulations of VTA neurons that are connected in different ways, and stress causes sex-dependent changes in their activity and organization.
104h agoOligodendrocyte precursor cells receive direct inputs from neurons that release the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide, and this communication may play a role in chronic pain and stress conditions.
104h agoCannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) signaling in the anterior insular cortex regulates social behavior, anxiety, and repetitive behaviors disrupted in neurodevelopmental disorders.
104h agoGFAP and Vimentin proteins contribute to astrocyte dysfunction and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease by regulating astrocyte protein synthesis.
104h agoRight-hemispheric brain circuits can support language processing through organised activity at the level of single neurons, even in individuals with severe language impairments caused by left-hemispheric brain damage.
104h agoMotor neuron pools in the spine integrate and transmit high-frequency inputs in a nonlinear way, with different subpopulations exhibiting frequency-dependent synchronization, or entrainment, that is masked when the pool is analyzed as a whole.
104h agoMitochondria interact with autophagosomes through a new type of contact that is disrupted in tauopathy neurons, leading to impaired autophagic cargo clearance and increased tau burden.
104h agoThe human brain represents the meaning of abstract number symbols, including fractions and integers, in a joint semantic map that organizes them by numerical magnitude.
104h agoBrain functional connectivity changes in neurological diseases can be represented as paths between points in a brain space, where each point represents a brain functional state.
112h agoEEG signals can be modeled as projections of a complex wave-like representation constrained by an effective boundary, with signal amplitude following a scaling relation and spectral entropy linked to observable neural oscillations.
112h agoA new algorithm called Astro-BEATS detects miniature synaptic calcium transients in fluorescence microscopy by leveraging techniques from astronomical transient detection.
112h agoNew digital therapy prototypes, designed to reflect local linguistic diversity and enhance patient engagement, can help improve aphasia rehabilitation by complementing conventional therapy and broadening access to it.
112h agoPeople with autism spectrum disorder have highly individual patterns of atypical eye movements that are not shown in group averages.
112h agoA new multi-modal dataset combines neurophysiological, physiological, behavioral, and subjective measures to study how cognitive and motor processes interact in daily life activities.
112h agoSpatial navigation impairment, especially in path integration and wayfinding, correlates with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, making it a potential early detection method for individuals at-risk of AD.
112h agoClassical and quantum-like models have the same ability to predict human decision rates, but they differ in how they represent uncertainty.
112h agoA novel multimodal framework combining EEG and fNIRS modalities identifies early network dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease by revealing reduced neural contrast and increased trial-to-trial variability in network organization.
112h agoPersistent structural memory in neural networks requires two key elements: a stable coordinate system and a mechanism for graceful transfer of information.
112h agoInter-level causation mechanism integrates with dual-process theories to construct a unified model of consciousness, agency, and cognitive functions.
112h agoFermi-Past-Ulam-Tsingou chains and Toda chains with nonintegrable boundaries show thermalization slowing down, operating in a regime of long range networks of nonintegrable perturbations.
112h agoParametric modulation of nonlinear coupling modifies the intrinsic resonance structure and provides an alternative route for generating combination resonances and influencing chaotic dynamics.
112h agoA unified approach reveals connections between several hierarchies of nonlinear equations, including AKNS, DNLS, KP, and mKP hierarchies, within a framework of anti-self-dual Yang-Mills reduction.
112h agoDeterministic classical cellular automata have two phases, strongly and weakly irreversible, with a transition between them called the damage-spreading transition, which is related to but more complex than directed percolation.
112h agoA generalization of the Painlev\'e-II equation to a system of coupled equations with symmetry breaking terms is integrable and has a Lax pair that relates the asymptotic behavior of solutions.
112h agoAcoustic solitons persist over metre-scale distances in phononic waveguides and exhibit predicted behaviour during collisions, including a collisional phase shift and depth-dependent collision regimes.
112h agoNon-reciprocity in the O(2) model leads to emergent dynamics that advects and reshapes patterns, and allows for control of excitation trajectories by tuning non-reciprocity and medium orientation.
112h agoAdjusting capacitance to induce internal and primary resonances in nonlinear magnetic levitation systems enables a more stable and predictable energy harvesting process by suppressing undesirable nonlinear behaviors.
112h agoIntegrable Kahan-Hirota-Kimura maps can exhibit complex dynamics, and a simple method can be used to study their dynamics when preserving rational fibrations.
112h agoThe mixed Hessian of the dispersionless Toda $\tau$-function has two distinct thresholds, an analytic threshold where the dominant singularity appears, and a later geometric threshold where the map loses univalence, with the first spectral instability occurring at the analytic threshold.
112h agoThe introduction of quadratic orthogonal pairs for hyperelliptic functions resolves a mismatch problem and enables a thorough treatment of initial value problems for two discrete integrable systems.
112h agoThe thermal behavior of dipole-compression collective oscillations in a harmonically trapped one-dimensional Bose gas is controlled by the temperature of the hole-induced anomaly, where the oscillations change from a single mode to a beating signal of two frequencies as temperature increases.
112h agoThe generalized focusing Ablowitz-Ladik and Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger equations with nonzero boundary conditions on an infinite lattice are locally well-posed, and their solutions have a minimal guaranteed lifespan that depends on the initial data, background, and nonlinearity exponents.
112h agoSmooth solutions of the multidimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations can develop singularities in finite time when viscosity coefficients have a nonlinear power-law dependence on density.
112h agoTurbulence has a minimal dynamical backbone governed by non-local cascade response, which underlies classical turbulent behaviors such as inertial-range scaling, shear-driven transport, and wall-bounded logarithmic profiles.
112h agoThe proposed algorithm provides a data-driven framework to discover stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with noise-robust methodology, converting the SDE identification problem into two linear sparse identification problems.
112h agoThe non-Hermitian mosaic Maryland model has kappa-1 robust extended bands for modulation periods kappa >= 2, which persist regardless of potential strength and non-Hermiticity.
112h agoA generative framework called GLASS produces realistic atomistic structures of materials by inverting spectroscopic measurements, without needing to know the potential energy surface.
112h agoDeterministic classical cellular automata have two phases, strongly and weakly irreversible, with a transition between them called the damage-spreading transition, which is related to but more complex than directed percolation.
112h agoIncreasing the compression modulus of amorphous matter makes it softer and changes its hardening behavior from kinematic to isotropic under cyclic shear, affecting its stress response and plastic flow.
112h agoGaussian Mixture Models and non-parametric maximum likelihood estimation have stability guarantees that provide upper bounds on the Kullback-Leibler divergence between estimated and true densities.
112h agoThe transition between the non-Hermitian skin effect and defect-induced Anderson localization in the bulk occurs when the topological invariant associated with an eigenvalue changes, causing an eigenvector crossover.
112h agoHighly accurate neural network architectures cluster together in flat regions of the architecture search landscape, and a novel algorithmic framework called Architecture-Aware Minimization (A$^2$M) leverages this insight to improve generalization on benchmark datasets.
112h agoNF1 is expressed in a graded pattern across various brain regions and lineages during mouse brain development.
112h agoThe ganglioside GM1, a complex lipid in neurons, interacts with the KCC2 transporter to regulate its membrane localization and function, enabling the development of hyperpolarizing GABAergic signaling.
112h agoMice make choices between food and exercise based on how hard they have to work for each, and a specific type of receptor in certain brain cells helps control the desire to exercise.
112h agoThe absence of gut microbiota causes changes in microglial density and morphology in certain brain regions of piglets, leading to a region-specific immune response and neuroinflammation.
112h agoConvolutional neural networks with 1D, 2D, and 3D kernels show similar generalizability in decoding neural drive from high-density surface electromyography signals, but differ in computational efficiency.
116h agoScientists developed ViSoND, a method that uses video and sound to display complex neural data, making it easier to observe and interpret patterns and relationships that may be missed through quantitative analysis alone.
116h agoThe synchronization state and coupling strength between two Hodgkin-Huxley neuron models determine how voltage perturbations affect the models' spiking dynamics, with higher coupling strengths reducing or enlarging the range of perturbations that cause a neuron to stop firing.
116h agoThe nucleus accumbens and its excitatory input from the medial prefrontal cortex show different patterns of synaptic signaling in males and females, and opioid self-administration changes these patterns in a sex- and pathway-specific way.
116h agoOptimizing adeno-associated viral vector features resulted in a reliable mouse model of Parkinson's disease that shows motor and neurochemical impairments can occur before dopaminergic cell death.
116h agoRabphilin in specific clock neurons acts as a key regulator of sleep by balancing stability and flexibility in neural connections through its effects on synaptic plasticity.
116h agoMental fatigue changes the way people learn new motor skills, causing them to perform worse during practice but make up for it with bigger improvements during rest periods.
116h agoCochlear implant users can better discriminate musical chords when the sound is broken down into fewer components, and changes in pitch are more easily detected in certain voices.
116h agoIbogaine treatment reorganizes high-beta brain networks, shifting them away from frontal areas and towards posterior regions, which correlates with improvements in PTSD symptoms.
116h agoCapsaicin induces hypothermia through a neural circuit that involves specific neurons in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus, particularly POAVglut2 neurons.
116h agoDynamic interactions between the nervous system and the body help create animal intelligence, not just brain computations, and virtual animal models can mimic real animal behavior without being biologically accurate.
120h agoHigh dose Humanin-G (HNG) improves vision and gene expression in rats with retinal degeneration, particularly by reducing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
120h agoPractice improves motor skills, enabling faster and more accurate movements, and these improvements are generally retained and transferred to new situations, but are constrained by inherent biases in movement direction.
120h agoFear learning changes brain activity and this change helps predict how well people recall and express extinction memories after using transcranial magnetic stimulation during extinction learning.
120h agoA method to obtain point-neuron models from detailed models with dendrites is suggested, enabling the generation of simple models that functionally characterize a neuron's response under in vivo conditions.
120h agoRIM enables high-release synapses by acting as a specialized gain factor, but is not essential for baseline transmission at low-release synapses.
120h agoFacial expressions in mice reflect hidden mental states and related brain activity.
124h agoMice make huddling decisions based on unique brain activity, and changes in this activity in some mice affect the behavior of others.
124h agoNearly 22 orphan G protein-coupled receptors show selective cell-type enrichment in the human brain, suggesting potential roles and identifying candidates for cell-type specific neuromodulation.
124h agoA generative AI framework reveals hidden mechanisms of disorders of consciousness by simulating impaired consciousness from massive datasets of neural activity.
128h agoAn AI framework identifies mechanisms of consciousness and predicts new drivers of unconsciousness, and also identifies subthalamic nucleus stimulation as a potential therapy for disorders of consciousness.
128h agoAutistic children and adolescents have reduced high-level visual representations and a greater focus on basic sensory details in brain areas responsible for social interaction.
128h agoPhosphorylation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 (M1) is required to restore contextual memory, but not cued memory, in a mouse model of learning and memory deficit.
128h agoThe distal cerebral arterial flow index measured by SNAP MRI differs between cognitively unimpaired and impaired groups and is correlated with cognitive function in an aging population.
128h agoHippocampal place cells form a more stable internal spatial map when animals perform a demanding navigation task with an odor context, and this stability is partly supported by inputs from the lateral entorhinal cortex.
128h agoA method using maximum-likelihood estimate and subject-wise bootstrap can accurately determine the overlap between brain activation patterns from different conditions in fMRI studies.
128h agoCerebellar damage leads to changes in large-scale brain networks, which are compensated in congenital ataxias but not in slowly progressive ataxias, resulting in different motor and cognitive performances.
128h agoThe motor cortex is organized in a hierarchy with the primary motor cortex (M1) placed higher than the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), according to a study that analyzed brain activity in macaques performing a reaching task.
128h agomTOR mRNA localization, controlled by multiple sequences in its 5' and 3' UTRs, regulates local protein synthesis and neuronal growth.
128h agoTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) improves picture-naming performance in patients with post-stroke anomia, with effects lasting up to three months.
136h agoA new framework integrates structural and functional connectomes by learning individualized modular organization and hierarchical coupling, allowing it to outperform other approaches in predicting brain age, cognitive score, and disease classification.
136h agoThe motor cortex's functional geometry can be explained by a sub-Riemannian higher-dimensional geometry that accounts for geometric and kinematic properties of hand movements.
136h agoThe human brain achieves its remarkable computational abilities because of its inherent non-ideal factors, including noise, heterogeneity, and chaotic dynamics, which actually provide robustness, adaptability, and creativity.
136h agoA multitask Transformer-based model jointly predicts phoneme sequences, word sequences, and acoustic features from intracortical recordings, achieving a state-of-the-art phoneme error rate of 14.3% and word decoding rate of 19.4%.
136h agoThe cognitive sciences can now use a fully automated process to understand intelligence by utilizing Large Language Models to develop experimental paradigms, simulate behavioral data, and test cognitive models.
136h agoBrain network analysis using functional MRI reveals different patterns of functional connections in Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and healthy elderly individuals, with dynamic networks showing unique differences between the amygdala and hippocampal formation.
136h agoSpontaneous self-organized criticality in neural systems maintains reliable information representation by restricting representational drift and enhancing low-dimensional representation.
136h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, and this occurs because slow regions persist in the energy landscape near stored patterns.
136h agoA semi-supervised VAE framework extracts disease-related patterns from high-dimensional neuroimaging data that align with established Alzheimer's biomarkers.
136h agoThe level of cooperation, cost, and collective risk are interconnected and determine whether a population can avert a tragic outcome, with cooperation emerging and persisting under certain conditions.
136h agoA two-dimensional Hamiltonian system with a gyroscopic term and non-homogeneous potential has analytical necessary conditions for integrability that restrict the degrees of homogeneity of potential terms.
136h agoEscape dynamics in the Stochastic Web Map is governed by a single time scale that depends on nonlinearity and escape horizon size.
136h agoSolitons in deep-water gravity waves can maintain their shape while changing their transverse profile according to linear diffraction laws when a controlled transverse degree of freedom is introduced.
136h agoA method based on Fourier analysis and statistical classification successfully characterizes chimera behavior in systems of coupled oscillators and distinguishes it from other dynamical patterns.
136h agoA geometric indicator based on the width of a transition layer scales linearly with noise strength, providing a precursor to rapid under-ice blooms in the Arctic.
136h agoLinear response theory can predict how added forcing changes the statistical properties of nonautonomous systems that evolve over time under external influences, by reformulating the dynamics as a fixed-point problem and using rapid loss of memory.
136h agoA new data-driven method derives a score function that improves the estimation of transition probabilities in multistable climate tipping systems, allowing for low-variance calculations even with small noise amplitudes.
136h agoQuantum chaotic systems explore all allowed configurations in Hilbert space, while this study examines the intermediate behavior between ergodicity and localization in the PXP spin chain model, finding weak breaking of ergodicity and characteristics of quantum chaos.
136h agoThe Lagrangian Descriptors provide a geometric indicator of scrambling-related sensitivity in quantum information, based on a Bohmian trajectory-based framework.
136h agoA new framework unifies two approaches to discover stochastic differential equations from data, and it accurately recovers the underlying equations for several test systems.
136h agoA biased Tit-for-Tat strategy, which cooperates differently with unconditional cooperators and fellow players, can exhibit diverse outcomes, including a "hidden T phase" where the weakest strategy dominates, under strong social dilemmas.
136h agoThe dynamical symmetry of the quantum Calogero model with particle exchange in a confining Coulomb field is governed by the algebra $so(N+1,2)$, which is deformed by exchange operators.
136h agoMacroscopic order regulates local interactions through a feedback mechanism, producing behaviors such as explosive jumps, hybrid transitions, limit-cycle oscillations, and routes to chaos.
136h agoA class of exactly solvable open quantum systems is established, where the Liouvillian possesses a hidden free-fermion spectrum if its frustration graph is claw-free and has a simplicial clique.
136h agoThe study finds that various types of nonlinear wave solutions, including soliton and breather waves, exist for the (n+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with Jacobi elliptic function as external potential.
136h agoThe symmetric McMillan map's dynamics can be understood with just two key parameters, and it provides an accurate depiction of complex nonlinear systems across a wide range of system parameters.
136h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem analysis shows that a two-genus Korteweg-de Vries soliton gas approaches a two-phase Riemann-Theta function as x increases and zero as x decreases.
136h agoA generalized linear response theory for mixed jump-diffusion models is presented, providing formulas to quantify uncertainties in complex systems and measure dynamical changes due to perturbations.
136h agoA framework proposes systematically calculating reduced forms of geometric structures for a system of partial differential equations that has a local symmetry, allowing inherited properties like conservation laws and variational principles to be described for the reduced system.
136h agoParity and time-reversal symmetry causes quasi-integrability in deformed integrable models, ensuring that quasi-conserved charges are asymptotically conserved.
136h agoA network's symmetry allows it to have stable patterns of active and inactive clusters, where fluctuations from active clusters cancel out to keep other clusters inactive.
136h agoThe generation of solitary waves or shock-like stress waves in weakly dissipative, strongly nonlinear discrete chains depends on the duration of the incoming pulse ramp.
136h agoA new neural network architecture accurately identifies and controls spatiotemporal chaos in reaction-diffusion systems by leveraging periodic sinusoidal activations and frequency-diverse initialization.
136h agoThe scarred eigenstates in graphene billiards have properties that match those of non-relativistic quantum billiards, not relativistic ones, despite being described by the relativistic Dirac equation around the Fermi energy.
136h agoIntroducing quadratic orthogonal pairs for hyperelliptic functions resolves a mismatch problem left unsolved for continued fraction expansions and Hankel determinants, and enables a thorough treatment of initial value problems for two discrete integrable systems.
136h agoThis work studies the properties of Temporally Non-Uniform Cellular Automata (t-NUCAs), which use two rules in a sequence during their evolution, and explores their surjectivity, injectivity, reversibility, and cyclic behavior.
136h agoThree-state cellular automata exhibit different classes of ergodic behavior, including chaotic dynamics, phase-space fragmentation, and anomalous transport, which can be classified based on transformation properties under discrete symmetries and quantified by observables such as mean return time and correlation functions.
136h agoA new framework called PHLieNet learns a unified model that captures dynamic behavior across a broad range of system parameterizations, enabling smooth transitions across different system behaviors.
136h agoThe modified Vicsek model defines influence quantitatively, showing quasi-linear relations between influence and information transfer at fixed noise levels and that noise on influencers enhances information transfer, while noise on followers suppresses it.
136h agoThe $\lambda\ph^4+g\ph^6$ model reveals tricritical behavior when the $\ph^4$ term acts as a composite operator and the $\ph^6$ interaction dominates.
136h agoTwo-parameter families of matrix product operators are discovered that commute with the Heisenberg spin chain Hamiltonian in various anisotropies.
136h agoThe ground-state integral equation of the quantum lattice nonlinear Schrödinger model has a doubly singular structure that leads to a logarithmic divergence of peak density and a specific ground-state energy per site.
136h agoThe out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) measures the sensitivity of quantum systems to initial conditions, translating classical chaotic behavior into the language of operator non-commutativity.
136h agoTurbulence has a minimal dynamical backbone governed by non-local cascade response, which leads to classical turbulent behaviors such as inertial-range scaling, shear-driven transport, and wall-bounded logarithmic profiles.
136h agoGlassiness in systems of interacting bosons can be identified through measurements of compressibility, which is a measurable density-based thermodynamic observable that corresponds to the glassy order.
136h agoThe Anderson transition in sparse random matrices with on-site disorder can be identified through the statistical properties of the ground state.
136h agoBistability between low and high activity states of self-sustained firing is possible in excitable neurons with Gaussian or Cauchy random coupling, and a directed percolation threshold exists in networks with Cauchy coupling above which activity spreads through the whole network.
136h agoA physics-informed machine-learning framework accurately identifies many-body localization transitions in interacting fermionic systems on disordered one-dimensional lattices using a compact feature representation based on four key observables.
136h agoThe nature of spin-wave excitations in the two-dimensional Heisenberg spin-glass model depends on the type of classical order, with delocalized excitations around magnetically ordered states and localized excitations around spin-glass ordered states.
136h agoGraph neural networks can reconstruct global entanglement in quantum many-body systems from local measurement data by aggregating correlations across spacetime.
136h agoNon-Hermitian disordered systems exhibit a 38-fold symmetry classification and display unique physics and mathematics that underlie phenomena in physics, network science, and biophysics.
136h agoThe synchronization gap between modes that commit at different stages of the reverse process is an intrinsic property of Diffusion Transformers, persisting even without external coupling.
136h agoA new approach to disordered two-dimensional Ising models resolves the full phase boundary from the pure-Ising point to the percolation limit with arbitrary precision.
136h agoUltrathin films of different materials show a dramatic enhancement of resistance to projectile penetration under high-velocity impact due to a universal law that relates the specific penetration energy to the film thickness.
136h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, and this occurs because slow regions persist in the energy landscape near stored patterns.
136h agoDisorder scattering affects the anomalous Hall conductivity in quantum materials, with different types of scattering resulting in distinct dependencies on disorder strength.
136h agoDisorder in diffusion rates can totally suppress the active phase of epidemic spreading, and effective global diffusion rates can predict disorder relevance.
136h agoA neural network-based model learns to autotune quantum dot simulators to obtain Majorana modes by using transport measurements and knowledge of key properties of these modes.
136h agoBoundary conditions dramatically impact localization properties in one-dimensional non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices, leading to boundary-sensitive localization features and breakdown of extended-localized duality relations.
136h agoThe globus pallidus externa (GPe) regulates risk-taking behavior by integrating diverse inputs and controlling motor and cognitive processes.
140h agoCore clock neurons in Drosophila signal to the proto-hypothalamic region by functionally modulating insulin-producing cells in a time-of-day-dependent manner through neuropeptidergic signaling.
140h agoPerceptual learning improves visual skills by shifting brain resources from higher-order regions to sensory areas, allowing for more precise information storage.
140h agoNegative BOLD responses are linked to negative diffusion-weighted fMRI responses, but not to changes in apparent diffusion coefficient, indicating that neural activity causes distinct vascular and microstructural changes.
140h agoMNs with a TDP-43 mutation show early hyperexcitability, which drives increased mitochondrial function, but ultimately leads to mitochondrial decline and MN failure.
140h agoAstrocytes help improve memory and brain function after a stroke by sending specific calcium signals to neurons, and targeting these astrocytes may offer a new way to treat post-stroke cognitive impairment.
140h agoFusogens can rapidly restore nerve function by fusing axons and sealing membranes, and they have been researched for nearly four decades as a potential therapy for neural tissue regeneration and repair.
140h agoImages that are atypical of a category are better remembered than typical ones because their distinctiveness makes them stand out, and this effect is linked to how the images are represented in the brain.
140h agoHierarchical dynamical systems framework based on shallow piecewise-linear recurrent neural networks can extract meaningful individual-specific dynamical structure from resting-state fMRI data.
140h agoThe Drift Diffusion Model fails to account for the temporal clustering of errors in decision-making data, but an updated version called the autocorrelated DDM can accurately capture this phenomenon.
140h agoJanus kinase 2 (JAK2) regulates Nurr1 protein stability and transcriptional activity in midbrain dopaminergic neurons by physically interacting with Nurr1, leading to enhanced nuclear stability and protection against oxidative stress.
140h agoTwo nonlinear mechanisms in the primate outer retina shape neural responses, contributing to responses to natural stimuli and retinal output signals.
144h agoThe human brain varies between people due to differences in cell types and gene expression, with astrocytes, striatal interneurons, microglia, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells showing consistent patterns across brain regions.
144h agoNeural circuits transform continuous information into transient patterns of activity over time by segmenting sensory and motor information into temporal sequences, which enables precisely timed motor and cognitive commands.
144h agoApplying a temporal response function framework to fNIRS data recorded during continuous speech perception yields meaningful and statistically significant responses that track speech features.
144h agoSCN2A haploinsufficiency causes a range of problems, including activation of the nonsense-mediated decay mechanism, changes in RNA processing, structural abnormalities in neurons, and disruptions to synaptic and axonal pathways.
144h agoThe expression and activation of Transient receptor potential channel 5 in certain neurons helps switch male mice behavior from infanticide to caregiving after they become fathers.
144h agoFasting interacts with energy reserves to shape human behavioural control, increasing impulsivity for food rewards and effort expenditure, and this effect is regulated by both short-term energy deficits and long-term energy reserves.
144h agoReaction time varies due to internal state fluctuations, and this variability is linked to systemic physiological signatures of arousal on fast and slow timescales.
144h agoA multimodal immobilization approach combining a hydrogel with brief ether vapor exposure reduces motion artifacts in calcium imaging of Drosophila melanogaster larvae.
144h agoSerotonergic psychedelics work by activating a network of 5-HT2A and TrkB receptors, leading to changes in brain cell growth, connections, and activity.
144h agoRepeated positive experiences with a pleasant odorant in childhood create long-lasting olfactory memory in mice, which relies on specific brain cells and connections that change over time.
144h agoHeroin addiction is linked to higher brain activity in multiple regions at rest and during reward-seeking, and addiction severity is associated with specific metabolic changes in certain brain areas.
144h agoMotor cortex encodes digit identity and a shared signal for movement direction that is common across digits and wrist.
144h agoTrkB+ sensory neurons drive chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain through Nav1.5, a voltage-gated sodium channel.
144h agoAmyloid beta 42 forms toxic structures that play a key role in Alzheimer's disease, and its interaction with GM1 gangliosides increases its toxicity and ability to penetrate cell membranes.
144h agoA new rodent model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary reperfusion induces global cerebral ischemia in infant rats, causing white matter damage, memory impairments, and motor deficits.
144h agoA new quality assurance metric, called pBOLD, quantifies the likelihood that a multi-echo fMRI scan is dominated by BOLD fluctuations, providing a meaningful estimate of overall BOLD weighting.
144h agoMutations in the CRX gene disrupt photoreceptor differentiation, leading to loss of visual function and formation of retinal rosettes that impair inner neuron and vasculature development.
144h agoA detailed protocol using the flyPAD/optoPAD system allows for precise measurement and control of feeding behavior in Drosophila melanogaster, enabling studies on nutrient preference, learning, and state-dependent modulation of feeding.
148h agoVisual acuity declines nonlinearly with increasing cone cell loss, but eye motion provides a compensatory benefit that helps maintain visual sharpness even when many cone cells are lost.
148h agoThe First 1,000 Days Project collected over 1 million hours of data on infants' daily lives, capturing a stable, household-specific lexical structure that is missed by sparse sampling methods.
152h agoThe toxicity of tau protein isoforms varies depending on the context, including the type of neuron, tissue, and time of expression, with 4R isoforms generally being more toxic than 3R isoforms.
152h agoCongenital aphantasia is associated with structural differences in higher-order brain systems, including fronto-temporal and cingulate systems, but not in primary visual pathways.
156h agoNPAS4 regulates the inhibitory synapses of active pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus, and its deletion degrades spatial representations and temporal precision of neuronal spikes.
156h agoA single recurrent network model of the hippocampus generates both place cells, which encode spatial location, and time cells, which encode temporal patterns, depending on the input patterns it receives.
156h agoNeural circuits balance local connectivity constraints and global integration by following a minimal wiring rule where forming additional synapses becomes harder as a neuron accumulates incoming connections.
160h agoThe model proposes that curvature-sensitive cells in the primary visual cortex follow a modular and hierarchical organization and have receptive profiles shaped like Gabor-type filters.
160h agoHippocampal phase locking emerges from a fundamental dynamical mechanism called forced phase integration, which separates neural information into magnitude and phase coordinates.
160h agoProblem difficulty increases visual coverage of plans, while available time affects replanning during execution and gaze-path coherence in problem solving.
160h agoA robust multiscale numerical framework based on time dilation effectively resolves rapid synchronization events in large-scale excitatory neuronal networks by transforming the governing equation into a dilated timescale proportional to the firing activity.
160h agoThe proposed variational framework infers a brain reaction map by determining the optimal graph and current that connect a stimulation source to a reaction target, promoting aggregation and branching.
160h agoThe brain's propagation architecture transforms external stimulation into distributed reaction patterns through a branched transport system that favours signal aggregation into shared neural highways.
160h agoCerebellar-like networks use structured connections to prioritize learning of certain tasks over others, with the network's design making it easier to learn functions that depend on oversampled inputs or connected neurons.
160h agoNeurons' activity mainly depends on individual inputs, not on interactions between them, and can be described by simple models that predict complex neural behaviors.
160h agoIndividual letter-phonemes in English carry structured, multidimensional semantic signals that are systematically linked to their articulatory-phonetic features and are consistent across speakers and languages.
160h agoA network of coupled oscillators with inertia loses coherence with a time-dependent driving protocol when frequency dynamics, not phase dynamics, show a clear loss of tracking.
160h agoThe collapse of the Carola Bridge in Dresden, Germany leads to an 8,000 vehicle decline in daily motorised traffic crossing the Elbe river, with nearby bridges absorbing diverted traffic and a notable increase in Park-and-Ride usage.
160h agoThe study derives invariants of motion for a class of globally coupled phase oscillators using an operator-theoretic perspective, reproducing the known set of N-3 invariants.
160h agoAdaptive network models with fast-evolving coupling weights can exhibit higher-order structure in their slow dynamics, even if the microscopic system only has pairwise interactions.
160h agoScale-free topology in cellular metabolic networks allows cells to maintain metabolic activity under nutrient-poor conditions and leads to a power-law distribution of biomolecular abundances.
160h agoHigher-order interactions play a crucial role in many networked systems and affect collective dynamics in new ways when more than two nodes are nonlinearly coupled.
160h agoA six-parameter family of affine Segre surfaces is associated with the q-difference sixth Painleve equation for generic parameter values, and its limiting forms give Segre surfaces isomorphic to monodromy manifolds of each Painleve differential equation.
160h agoA machine-learning-based early warning system detects half of the critical transitions in a large-scale social game within 20 minutes with a low false positive rate, by identifying patterns such as critical slowing down and a lack of innovation.
160h agoOptical phonons with non-linear properties can dynamically break crystalline inversion symmetry, leading to a steady state with broken symmetry, strong second harmonic generation, and ferroelectric rectification of the driving signal.
160h agoThe stochastic evolution of volume-price distribution from NYSE equities is modeled using a data-driven framework, which finds that the shape parameter follows a pure diffusion and the scale parameter shows dominant jump-diffusion dynamics in most models.
160h agoA new federated learning framework enables clients to collaboratively train models on heterogeneous and changing data while preserving data privacy.
160h agoThe ReLU soft committee machine exhibits a continuous specialization transition from an unspecialized symmetric phase to a specialized phase, breaking permutation symmetry among hidden units.
160h agoNeural circuits balance local connectivity constraints and global integration by following a minimal wiring rule where forming additional synapses becomes harder as a neuron accumulates incoming connections.
160h agoScale-free topology in cellular metabolic networks allows cells to maintain metabolic activity under nutrient-poor conditions and leads to a power-law distribution of biomolecular abundances.
160h agoA new test for hyperuniformity yields reliable results from a single sample by using the empirical Fourier transform and likelihood ratio principle.
160h agoDisordered mixtures of two ferromagnetic materials exhibit stronger transverse electron deflection than either material alone, offering a universal strategy to engineer large transverse responses.
160h agoOptimizing a subset of layers in the quantum approximate optimization algorithm offers a good trade-off between solution quality and computational time for solving combinatorial optimization problems.
160h agoTime-reversal symmetry does not affect the universality class of measurement-induced phase transitions in monitored systems unless measurement outcomes are post-selected to satisfy global time-reversal invariance.
160h agoHigher-order interactions play a crucial role in many networked systems and affect collective dynamics in new ways when more than two nodes are nonlinearly coupled.
160h agoThe Yukawa--SYK model bridges single-particle and many-body chaos, and its interaction strength acts as a control parameter that interpolates between different chaos limits.
160h agoHuman microglial cells can be reprogrammed into new neurons through the expression of the NEUROG2 gene, offering a potential strategy for neuronal replacement and neural repair.
164h agoBrain thickness declines more steeply with age and is more strongly linked to changes in cognitive abilities than brain area, making it a more sensitive marker of cognitive ageing.
180h agoThe nervous system uses angular acceleration to control short-latency postural responses and angular velocity to control medium-latency responses when maintaining balance after unexpected postural changes.
196h agoMulti-task batteries provide a more consistent estimation of functional brain regions across individuals than single-contrast approaches, and offer a sensitive and reliable method for localizing and parceling brain regions.
204h agoBilingual language environments in early infancy are associated with differences in intrinsic functional organization measured from resting-state fNIRS connectivity.
204h agoDystrophin loss impairs CB1R signaling at parallel fiber-Purkinje Cell synapses in the cerebellum, leading to absent endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression and potentially contributing to cerebellar dysfunction and motor control symptoms in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
204h agoThe kainate receptor subunit Ekar is critical for presynaptic homeostatic potentiation, working with other kainate receptor subunits to enhance presynaptic calcium influx and stabilize long-term synaptic homeostasis.
204h agoChildren develop the ability to use audiovisual synchrony to segregate a target talker from 5-6 years old, after earlier detection of multisensory cues and a shift to more structured visual sampling.
204h agoSource localisation methods for EEG/MEG provide reasonable spatial accuracy under ideal conditions but struggle with recovering source polarity and degrade substantially with reduced sensor coverage and added noise.
204h agoDelivering an antibody expression vector directly into the brain using a special virus-like vehicle reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms and pathology in mice without causing side effects.
204h agoApoptotic retinal cells trigger spontaneous neural waves by releasing purinergic molecules through Pannexin1 hemichannels, which in turn promotes vascular growth and microglia engulfment of dying cells.
204h agoResponders to antidepressant treatment show a reduction in cross-hemispheric connectivity and an increase in lateral asymmetry in the beta1 frequency band, while non-responders show no such changes.
204h agoCGRP neurons in the parabrachial nucleus regulate morphine-taking behavior and their activity is affected by opioid administration, suggesting they may be a new target for treating opioid use disorder.
204h agoA detailed, data-driven model of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was developed, which captures various cellular processes and can be used to investigate the activity and plasticity of these cells.
204h agoThe brain-spleen connection plays a key role in slowing down Alzheimer's disease progression by helping to recruit protective monocytes to the brain.
208h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex processes salience, or the overall importance of a stimulus, regardless of whether it is positive, negative, or neutral, and also modulates movement in response to that stimulus.
208h agoExperience reorganizes the geometry of visual population activity to reflect temporal structure, making it easier to access information about the timing of events and represent sequence-related information.
208h agoCardiac signals precisely regulate neuronal activity in the posterior insular cortex, and this regulation plays a role in encoding emotion states.
208h agoBeta-band oscillations in the motor cortex propagate as traveling waves, generated by local interactions between excitatory and inhibitory neurons and spatial connectivity, and are modulated by behaviorally relevant inputs to organize movement initiation.
208h agoIron deposits form in the brain after seizures and can be detected using a non-invasive imaging technique called quantitative susceptibility mapping.
208h agoPeople use adaptive rules to make individual decisions, adjusting to changing conditions to improve their reward rate, but with limits to their flexibility.
208h agoDancers' movements are altered by negative emotional contexts, with exposure to negative images leading to reduced movement amplitude and changes in mood.
208h agoThe brain predicts and integrates semantic information across multiple gaze fixations, with neural signals responding to semantic novelty during natural viewing.
208h agoThe clitoris has a complex nerve structure, with the dorsal nerve branching into a tree-like pattern to innervate the clitoral glans, hood, and surrounding areas.
216h agoA new platform called FishNAP identifies 11 FDA-approved small molecules that can temporarily increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, allowing drugs to reach the brain.
216h agoMutations in tubulin genes rescue tau-mediated neurodegeneration by influencing microtubule properties, not by changing tau protein levels or aggregation.
216h agoA new tool called Auto-MFM automatically generates mean field models of neuronal population dynamics from detailed spiking networks, accurately reproducing population dynamics and allowing for the exploration of physiological and pathological circuit variants.
216h agoSchizophrenia is associated with overexpression of CSMD2 in brain tissues, but not with changes in CSMD1 expression or in peripheral blood.
216h agoHumans' ability to reason about physical events is modified by their embodied experience, and their mental representation of the world is grounded in adaptable physical mechanisms.
220h agoIntranasal delivery of mRNA-loaded nanoparticles results in functional protein expression in the brain, offering a safe and non-invasive route to treat pain and other brain disorders.
220h agoActivating or inhibiting specific neurons in mice using chemogenetics yields a wide range of neurological phenotypes, and this approach can uncover brain substrates that regulate physical and behavioral traits.
220h agoThe hippocampus encodes memories with distinctive temporal patterns that support later recall of episodic events, and more distinctive patterns during encoding are associated with better memory performance.
220h agoL5 ET neurons in the auditory cortex respond to sound with excitation and selective feature representations, while L6b ET neurons respond with suppression and more integrative signals.
224h agoSerotonin release in the primary somatosensory cortex is driven by rewards and weakly by sensory stimulation, and its activity pattern changes seconds before movement onset to prepare the neural network for the upcoming state change.
224h agoBehavioral strategy determines where information is transferred between the brain's hemispheres, with passive mice using one cortical area and active mice using another.
224h agoFunctional connectivity in the brain is shaped by two distinct components: one related to structural wiring and the other to non-tract influences, which play different roles in forming network architecture.
224h agoThe functional coupling between SK channels and T-type Ca2+ channels gates locomotor rhythm generation by controlling the transition from tonic firing to bursting in interneurons.
224h agoHyperalignment can estimate individualized functional topographies in people with developmental prosopagnosia, a condition that impairs face recognition, without needing separate localizer scans.
224h agoMSC-derived secretomes improve behavioural symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and motor neuron disease models by reducing neuroinflammation and modulating pathological pathways.
224h agoAstrocyte activity changes in response to different compounds and disease models, and a new automated pipeline can be used to quickly characterize these changes in mouse and human astrocytes.
224h agoClinically meaningful explainability is essential for AI-enabled closed-loop medical neurotechnology and should prioritize actionable clarity and relevant explanations over technical completeness.
232h agoThe Hierarchical Online Learning of Multiscale Experience Structure (HOLMES) model learns hierarchical latent structure from sequential data through online inference, producing compact representations that support one-shot transfer and improve predictive performance.
232h agoWeak brain connections contribute to cognitive abilities by enhancing general cognitive ability, memory, and functional balance, and play a crucial role in human cognition.
232h agoA functionalist approach to emotion uses a mathematical framework to explain how emotional valence arises in biological systems, and this framework can be applied to various psychological phenomena.
232h agoDeeperBrain, a neuro-grounded foundation model, integrates neuroscientific principles into its design, enabling universal Brain-Computer Interfaces that generalize broadly and perform well even without fine-tuning.
232h agoThe coupled Sasa-Satsuma-mKdV equation has four distinct classes of soliton solutions: bright-bright, dark-dark, bright-dark, and dark-bright.
232h agoNonlinear Love-type waves propagate on an interface between materials with different mechanical properties, described by general equations for shear displacements in incompressible hyperelastic materials.
232h agoThe study presents a unified approach to constructing continuous and discrete integrable systems that are invariant under a specific mathematical transformation, using linear spectral problems and their factorisation.
232h agoSolutions to the defocusing Manakov system exhibit interesting asymptotic behavior within a narrow transition zone in the $x$-$t$ plane, and can be expressed in terms of the Hastings-McLeod solution of the Painlev\'e II equation.
232h agoAnalyzing individual clusters of events that occur at irregular intervals reveals insights into local interactions that drive system dynamics.
232h agoCellular automata that are post-surjective must be bijective when their universe is a sofic group.
232h agoThis paper develops a categorical framework to systematically define decorated Betti moduli spaces, which capture irregular singularities, and relate different approaches to studying these spaces.
232h agoTurbulence is organized around an emergent oscillatory degree of freedom that governs the Reynolds stress, leading to universal features such as logarithmic mean velocity profiles and scale-invariant energy spectra.
232h agoSpin-orbit coupling drives anomalous topological Bloch oscillations in a honeycomb Zeeman lattice, causing asymmetric motion with a freezing effect in one half of the oscillation cycle.
232h agoThe multifractal model and Leray's weak solutions of Navier-Stokes analysis are reconciled through a new theory that derives a mathematical relation between them.
232h agoReducing the interactions between modes in turbulent flows leads to a suppression of intermittency, a decrease in dissipation rate, and a regularization of the velocity field.
232h agoModularity in networks helps a coarse-graining procedure to accurately describe the phase transition from asynchronous to synchronous motion in Kuramoto oscillators.
232h agoGlassy materials and perfect crystals that have undergone mechanical stress exhibit quasi-brittle plastic yielding and intermittent mechanical response with power law statistics.
232h agoHyperbolic space models represent complex networks, like those in natural and human-made systems, as graphs with nodes and links, and can derive their fundamental structural properties, such as sparsity and hierarchical organization, using a statistical-mechanics framework.
232h agoThe transition between the non-Hermitian skin effect and defect-induced Anderson localization in the bulk occurs when the topological invariant associated with an eigenvalue changes, causing the eigenvector to crossover.
232h agoThe modified Nishimori model on a two-dimensional square lattice shows that the spin-glass and ferromagnetic transitions are separated by an intermediate Mattis-like spin-glass phase.
232h agoBoundary conditions affect localization properties in non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices, leading to counterintuitive effects, including boundary-sensitive localization and breakdown of extended-localized duality.
232h agoVariational Monte Carlo method becomes unreliable due to statistical pathologies caused by nodes in quantum wave functions, but introducing blurred sampling addresses these difficulties and provides a robust framework for calculations.
232h agoThe origin of large diffusion activation energies in glasses comes from back-and-forth correlated motion, not local rearrangement barriers.
232h agoHeavy-tailed synaptic connectivity enables robust near-critical dynamics in neural networks by providing an automatic gain control that preserves high susceptibility near the critical point.
232h agoA microscopic theory describes disordered electrons in both metallic and localized phases, covering extended Bloch waves and quantum bound states.
232h agoThe limiting mutual information between signal and data in a statistical model for symmetric matrix factorization with additive Gaussian noise is given by a variational formula involving a rank-one replica symmetric potential.
232h agoA new decoder using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm efficiently computes error probabilities for "matchable" qLDPC codes, enabling optimal decoding for surface codes, honeycomb Floquet codes, and hyperbolic surface codes with and without measurement errors.
232h agoThe analysis of individual participant responses reveals that people learn more slowly during reversal learning than initial learning, and this difference can be explained by the replay of previous experiences that depends on the hippocampus.
236h agoForward-projected Laplace-Beltrami eigenmodes provide a compact, anatomy-linked sensor representation for event-related EEG that captures cortical activity with high efficiency and reliability.
236h agoSaffron's main compound, safranal, acts as a potential natural antidepressant by inhibiting the dopamine transporter, with properties that could minimise adverse effects.
236h agoStimulation of the left temporal cortex enhances memory in humans if the stimulated area is structurally connected to a network involved in encoding.
236h agoBrain regions with smaller oscillation radius and greater temporal variability respond more strongly to stimulation, and optimal targets for brain-state transitions are defined by their dynamical regime, not functional labels.
236h agoFocal epilepsy disrupts the organization of brain systems in two key ways: it alters the expression of normal brain networks and their boundaries, and reconfigures the integration of multiple brain systems, leading to distinct topological phenotypes that relate to clinical features and cognitive deficits.
236h agoInsomnia in females is linked with lower sigma power and less spindle and slow oscillation density compared to males with insomnia and female healthy sleepers.
236h agoCellPheno, a 3D nuclei instance segmentation framework, enables high-throughput cellular phenotyping and quantifies an entire mouse brain within 15 hours.
236h agoHippocampal damage causes a loss of detailed episodic memories across six decades, with specific parts of the hippocampus playing different roles in retrieving memories from different time periods.
236h agoAlternative polyadenylation regulates gene expression differently in male and female mice during withdrawal from alcohol, influencing localized protein production in neurons and potentially modifying drinking behavior.
236h agoThe ventral tegmental area (VTA) responds to a wide variety of auditory stimuli, including noise, pure tones, and music, and may play a role in shaping the perception of sound.
240h agoDopamine and acetylcholine in the striatum work together in a coordinated way, with dopamine acting as a directional temporal guide for acetylcholine, to shape learning and action.
240h agoThe novel method estimates time-resolved brain networks from fMRI data based on the instantaneous phase of parcel timeseries, providing insights into how brain regions synchronize and reorganize during task performance.
240h agoLesion network mapping results are not spatially biased by dominant features of the normative connectome, and the method remains valid for mapping symptom-related brain networks when used with proper statistics and study design.
240h agoBrain activity spreads across the cortex in structured patterns, with different frequencies propagating in distinct directions, and this propagation changes with age and is linked to cognitive ability.
240h agoROIMAPer, a novel FIJI plugin, accurately registers individual brain slices to standard brain atlases, enabling precise analysis of brain images across multiple species and developmental stages.
240h agoEarly life stress leads to changes in brain network dynamics, particularly in the prefrontal-amygdala circuit, causing impaired spread of activity from the prefrontal cortex to the amygdala in adult male rats.
240h agoAdult fly muscles have different glutamate receptor expression than larval muscles, with distinct receptors in leg and flight muscles and even in adjacent muscles within the adult femur.
240h agoAttentional control improves whole-system energy efficiency in visual processing by enabling the model to focus energy on task-relevant locations and features, reducing total energy use by up to 50%.
240h agoThe nucleus retroambiguus contains three populations of neurons that regulate different vocalizations in mice: one population for ultrasonic vocalizations, one for distress calls, and one that is involved in both.
240h agoNeurospheres, 3D cultures of rodent hippocampal cells, form compact structures with a mix of neurons and glial cells, and within two weeks, develop numerous synapses that are functional and structurally similar to natural synapses.
240h agoThe brain generates anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) to ensure smooth actions, and in children, two distinct oscillatory mechanisms support APA: one related to immediate cortical inhibition linked to muscle control and another related to indirect alpha-mediated inhibition that may compensate for forearm instability.
240h agoAdult oligodendroglia retain developmental chromatin patterns, which may shape repair processes and cancer vulnerability.
244h agoContinuous theta-burst stimulation targeting the corticostriatal network suppresses striatal activity associated with motor learning, which could help treat disorders linked to hyperactive striatal responses.
248h agoVTA dopamine neurons consist of distinct subtypes with different functions, including a combinatorial subtype that is selectively activated by cocaine experience and exhibits unique electrophysiological and projection properties.
248h agoBeta power responses to naturalistic audio stimuli are linked to general temporal forecasting rather than specific linguistic functions.
252h agoPeople with ADHD have difficulty using learned patterns to make predictions over a long period of time in dynamic environments.
252h agoHumans can learn visual associations even when contexts change suddenly and unexpectedly, and a computational model shows that internal representations help prevent interference between conflicting associations.
252h agoDisruption of coordinated neuronal population activity is a key feature of early-stage Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, with tau pathology contributing to changes in behavioral organization.
252h agoAlcohol self-administration reduces mGlu2/3 protein expression in the nucleus accumbens, and activating group II metabotropic glutamate receptors can suppress binge-like ethanol consumption.
252h agoOverexpressing Nrf2 in neurons reduces BACE1 protein levels and dystrophic neurites, which may protect neurons against pathologic changes caused by cerebral amyloid accumulation.
252h agoFoveal crowding is substantially elevated in albinism, with a stronger effect for horizontally positioned flankers and no selectivity for target-flanker similarity.
252h agoMid-capillary pericytes build a functional network with endothelial cells, allowing transmission of seizure-associated signals to arterioles, and their tone is controlled by signals from outside, not by their own electrical activity or calcium channels.
252h agoA new framework reconstructs the interaction graph of neuronal networks by identifying synaptic links between pairs of neurons using their spike trains.
256h agoInhibition-mediated normalization improves learning in artificial neural networks only when it is applied to both inputs and error signals.
256h agoA new model called NeuroNarrator translates EEG segments into precise clinical narratives, enabling interpretable narrative generation that facilitates expert interpretation and supports clinical reporting workflows.
256h agoNeural signals can be used as an alternative input to large language models, providing a potential solution for users with speech or motor impairments.
256h agoIndividual letter-phonemes in English carry structured, multidimensional semantic signals that are systematically predicted by articulatory-phonetic features and generalize across languages.
256h agoThe Agentic Cognitive Profiling framework realigns automated Alzheimer's Disease screening with clinical protocol logic, achieving a 90.5% score match rate and 85.3% accuracy in predicting Alzheimer's Disease.
256h agoShared low-dimensional goal embeddings enable rapid adaptation to novel tasks in complex control systems by allowing policy and value functions to immediately adjust to new goals without retraining.
256h agoThe hippocampus uses context-dependent sequential activity to flexibly change behavior, and a new model shows that imbalances in sensory and contextual representations can account for behaviors seen in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.
256h agoHeterogeneous networks with spike frequency adaptation show reduced firing frequency distribution, which promotes collective synchronization, and can be described by a low-dimensional system of equations that accurately captures the network's collective dynamics.
256h agoA family of recurrent neural networks called Fast Weight Programmers uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage.
256h agoChaotic oscillators can be used to process data by capturing dynamics with a neural network, allowing the oscillators to be scaled up for machine learning tasks.
256h agoDiscontinuity causes regular islands in two-dimensional maps to fragment into smaller regular components connected by chaotic channels, rather than being enclosed by a single invariant curve.
256h agoThe nonlinear coupling parameter $\alpha$ between contraction rate and force generation in biological actuators tends to center around a characteristic value $\alpha^* = 3.85$ in nature, which optimizes a power-efficiency tradeoff and allows populations to adapt and remain robust over evolutionary timescales.
256h agoNearest-neighbour deformations of integrable models can be classified into four types, which affect integrability and the onset of chaos in different ways.
256h agoA data-driven model order reduction method based on dynamic mode decomposition accurately predicts the dynamic behavior of piecewise-linear nonlinear systems by reducing the number of degrees of freedom.
256h agoContinuous functional equations model the behavior of meta-Fibonacci integer sequences, including Conway's sequence, and Hofstadter's sequence, by providing exact solutions that capture their global patterns.
256h agoA formulation of an optimal control problem helps achieve a desired circulation in a two-dimensional diffusion process while speeding up convergence to a stationary distribution.
256h agoThe linear limit continuation method constructs numerically exact solitary waves in two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with anisotropic harmonic traps and identifies many wave patterns across different regimes.
256h agoA new method based on adaptive LASSO infers the interactions among oscillators from time series data, identifying the type and probabilities of pairwise and three-body couplings.
256h agoThe Hebbian Physics Network (HPN) framework uses a plastic transport geometry to organize physical transport processes through local interactions that redistribute imbalance while preserving conservation.
256h agoHeterogeneous networks with spike frequency adaptation show reduced firing frequency distribution, which promotes collective synchronization, and can be described by a low-dimensional system of equations that accurately captures the network's collective dynamics.
256h agoNon-reciprocal interactions lead to large-scale unidirectional dynamics in free-standing slender structures, allowing active filaments to move and perform functions like crawling, digging, and walking.
256h agoA new method characterizes the distribution of length-scales in finite, disordered patterns with radial symmetry, and can distinguish between regular patterns, diffusion-limited aggregation patterns, and patterns formed by drying colloid-laden droplets.
256h agoThe random field Ising model on a generalized Petersen Graph shows that the system's response to an external field is not affected by different connectivity between nodes when the coordination number is fixed, and critical behaviour is absent.
256h agoRegions with a positive second derivative of the yield stress dominate local yield surfaces in two-dimensional Lennard-Jones glasses.
256h agoThe new Monte Carlo algorithm efficiently simulates the two-dimensional Random Field Ising Model, allowing for fast sampling of the system's dynamics, especially at low temperatures and low disorder.
256h agoPhysical selectors can map their high-dimensional signatures to arbitrary payloads using a single linear decoder, merging selection and memory access into one event and potentially eliminating latency and energy issues in sparse routing architectures.
256h agoA microscopic theory of disordered electrons covering metallic and localized phases is presented, providing a framework for analyzing properties across the range of disorder strength.
256h agoMachine learning struggles to learn certain complex phases of matter, specifically non-trivial mixed-state phases, because they are computationally hard to learn.
256h agoHeterogeneous networks with spike frequency adaptation show reduced firing frequency distribution, which promotes collective synchronization, and can be described by a low-dimensional system of equations that accurately captures the network's collective dynamics.
256h agoThe Russian Doll Model exhibits a rich phase structure with transitions between localized, ergodic, and multifractal phases, depending on the parameters of time-reversal symmetry breaking and hopping term.
256h agoThe simulations show that the scaling properties of the interface at the depinning transition match those of the Directed Percolation Depinning universality class, with computed critical exponents and a probability density function of front fluctuations that differs from the KPZ equation.
256h agoA new automated analysis pipeline can detect and track changes in the function of tens of thousands of synapses, enabling the identification of compounds that protect synapse function.
256h agoAging disrupts slow oscillations in the brain during sleep by selectively degrading recurrent excitatory connections, which affects memory consolidation.
256h agoResidence in disadvantaged neighborhoods is associated with poorer brain health, including older brain age, lower total brain tissue volume, and greater regional volume loss.
256h agoPOU6F2-expressing retinal ganglion cells are essential for binocular predatory behavior, and their loss leads to deficits in contrast sensitivity and impaired visually guided behavior.
256h agoNeural population activity evolves on low-dimensional manifolds and can be described as trajectories in attractor-like state spaces, and a unified definition of clustered neural networks shows that metastable dynamics are supported across a continuum of structural and synaptic clustering.
256h agoThe brain shifts its focus from external sensory information to internal bodily signals as it moves from wakefulness to REM sleep.
260h agoInhibiting the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase isoform CA-VB prevents Alzheimer's disease-related cerebrovascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment.
260h agoDecodanda, a Python toolbox, provides functions for decoding and analyzing neural population activity, automating best-practice safeguards to prevent misleading conclusions.
260h agoOctopus brain cells respond to specific neurotransmitters differently in the optic lobes, and this response can be recorded using a method that works for other cephalopods and small invertebrates.
260h agoChildren with ADHD have different gray matter volume in their brains, especially in the prefrontal cortex and some parts of the striatum, with patterns varying by region and individual.
260h agoBasal ganglia pathology in Parkinson's disease shows a specific spatial pattern, including posterior degeneration and hemispheric asymmetry, that corresponds to lateralized motor symptoms.
260h agoA novel method allows for integrating rigid electrical components into soft and flexible implants, enabling robust and durable connections for chronic peripheral nerve interfacing.
260h agoEngineered AAV9 capsid variants, guided by the LRP6 protein, enable efficient penetration of the blood-brain barrier, delivering genes to brain cells 3-40 times more effectively than standard AAV9 vectors.
264h agoMotion helps people perceive objects clearly when their appearance is unclear, and artificial vision systems that mimic the brain's processing of moving objects can also improve their accuracy.
264h agoBrain MRI markers, especially when combined, accurately predict cognitive functioning in adults, explaining a substantial portion of differences in cognitive ability between people.
264h agoHtr3a helps regulate the brain's fear circuit, and its absence disrupts normal brain activity and impairs the ability to reduce fear responses.
264h agoMind wandering is mainly linked to ADHD symptoms, and its association with other psychiatric conditions is largely due to a shared liability with attentional dysregulation.
264h agoChildren's third-party altruistic behavior is driven by multiple motives, including a desire for fairness and self-interest, which interact to influence their decisions to punish or help others.
264h agoTMS to the dlPFC facilitates inhibitory firing in executive control networks and suppresses limbic excitatory drive in deep brain circuits.
264h agoFacilitatory spatial interactions in pain perception depend on attentional focus and spatial attribution of pain maxima, not lateral inhibition.
264h agoDopamine loss causes gait deficits and alters movement encoding in the Subthalamic Nucleus, and deep brain stimulation rescues gait deficits and reduces abnormal brain activity.
268h agoMicrostimulation suppresses excitatory neurons and increases activity in inhibitory neurons in the visual cortex, and inhibition plays a key role in shaping circuit changes caused by the stimulation.
268h agoSoft touch stimulation activates neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus, including those traditionally associated with pain processing, and this activation is comparable to that caused by painful stimuli.
268h agoDeep brain stimulation causes different responses in two brain circuits, and normalizes some connections while disrupting others.
272h agoA schizophrenia-associated mutation impairs belief updating in mice by weakening mediodorsal thalamus activity, and boosting this activity restores flexible decision-making.
272h agoThe prefrontal cortex encodes decisions to huddle in mice during cold exposure, and silencing neural activity in some mice causes partners to compensate.
272h agoAstrocytic VCAM1 regulates hippocampal synapse development, and its loss impairs excitatory synapses, while its addition increases excitatory synapse density.
272h agoMutations in the Synaptotagmin family of proteins disrupt synaptic transmission by different mechanisms, including dominant-negative effects on calcium binding, gain-of-function effects that enhance neurotransmitter release, and protein degradation.
272h agoAn innovative carbon-based neural probe records electrical and chemical signals simultaneously from both surface and deep regions of the brain, revealing mechanisms of signal propagation among neuronal cells in three dimensions.
272h agoChildren with longer sleep onset latencies, especially those with autism and ADHD, have weaker transitions from wake to stable sleep, showing poor initiation of stable sleep physiology and signs of hyperarousal.
272h agoA cerebellum-inspired kernel improves the detection of novel stimuli in machine learning by enhancing the separability of in-distribution and out-of-distribution samples.
272h agoEEG data can classify category representations in the brain, with images yielding higher accuracy than words, and parietal and left temporal electrodes contributing most to image classification.
272h agoScientists use optogenetics to manipulate and study neural activity in mosquitoes, allowing them to measure behaviors that lead to biting and blood feeding.
272h agoA wearable sensor on the lower back can help identify people at risk of stroke by detecting subtle changes in their gait and posture.
280h agoExpectations learned from previous experiences influence pain, with people reporting greater pain in response to stimuli conceptually related to high-pain cues.
280h agoThe first kangaroo mother care session immediately enhances brain activity in preterm infants and synchrony between the infant's and mother's brains, and the strength of this brain synchrony is linked to the infant's brain network organization.
280h agoEEG foundation model Laya, based on Joint Embedding Predictive Architectures, learns better transferable brain representations than models based on signal reconstruction.
280h agoA new method that uses a sparse hierarchical Bayesian model and multi-modal data from the Implicit Association Test (IAT) predicts mental illness symptoms in new participants with accuracy above near-chance levels, achieving area under the curve (AUC) scores of 0.73 to 0.79.
280h agoNeuromodulation by norepinephrine influences different preBötzinger complex neuronal subtypes by modulating calcium-activated nonspecific cationic current and inositol-triphosphate, impacting neuron-specific properties.
280h agoTheories of consciousness need to broaden their scope to include seven key aspects: phenomena, self, causation, state, function, contents, and universality, to establish a comprehensive understanding of consciousness.
280h agoDynamics in low-rank networks can be high- or low-dimensional, depending on the network structure, and are often suppressed in directions aligned with the network's low-rank structure.
280h agoDense Associative Memories and diffusion models create new, incorrect attractors, called spurious states, as training data size increases, which can aid generative capabilities.
280h agoA variant of the Eisenhart lift embeds a Lagrangian conservative dynamical system into timelike geodesics of a conformally flat metric on a higher dimensional space-time.
280h agoA data-driven approach produces a generative model that predicts the long-time dynamical behavior of systems with a weakly attracting manifold, by extracting a minimal nonlinear dynamical model from experimental observations.
280h agoSynchronized calling behavior emerges between neighboring male treefrogs depending on their distances, even when call frequency and chorus density vary.
280h agoDestruction of a multi-turn invariant curve occurs through the appearance of local multiple bends, and numerical artifacts can be avoided with increased machine arithmetic accuracy.
280h agoA novel 2+1-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation with temporal modulation has integrable Ermakov-Painlev\'e II symmetry reduction and its exact solution can be applied to a class of Stefan-type moving boundary problems.
280h agoPhase modulation alters the dynamics of temporal localized structures in Kerr micro-cavities by governing their emergence through synchronization with the imposed modulation and intrinsic pulse dynamics.
280h agoScientists propose a pipeline that uses descriptive statistics and gradient descent optimizers to engineer complex systems with desired emergent features.
280h agoThe power-law decay of the survival probability in Erdős-Renyi random networks is proportional to $t^{-D_{2}}$, and the correlation hole of the survival probability scales with the average degree of the network.
280h agoSimple shear flow induces flow-aligned chain formation of particles suspended in viscoelastic fluids when the local particle Weissenberg number exceeds unity.
280h agoRapid intensification of tropical cyclones in the eastern Caribbean Sea and adjacent western tropical North Atlantic is more likely with a deep thermocline, a thin barrier layer, and increased translational speed.
280h agoThe Gauss-Givental integral representation is obtained for the eigenfunctions of the quantum Toda chain with BC type boundary interaction.
280h agoThe wave functions of the quantum BC Toda chain are symmetric with respect to signed permutations of spectral parameters and diagonalize Baxter operators.
280h agoThe out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) measures the sensitivity of quantum systems to initial conditions, translating classical chaotic behavior into a linear framework, and distinguishes between local instability and global chaos.
280h agoLinear and nonlinear Thouless pumping can be realized in Bose-Einstein condensates using a sliding helicoidal spin-orbit coupling, resulting in stable quantized transport of solitons under certain conditions.
280h agoA new algorithm that combines a variational method with a control-based particle filter effectively reduces computational cost while maintaining accuracy in filtering nonlinear systems with rare events.
280h agoA novel data-driven method identifies nonlinear restoring forces in mechanical systems by approximating nonlinear functions with a linear combination of piecewise linear springs.
280h agoSpace-time modulation in an electro-mechanical system creates a variety of breathers, including Floquet breathers, which have different frequencies and stability properties depending on the driving frequency.
280h agoDispersive shock waves are generated in physical settings such as optical waveguide arrays and superfluids confined within optical lattices, and can be modeled using a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a periodic potential.
280h agoChaotic orbits in Hamiltonian dynamics show exponential divergence between nearby trajectories through a multiplicative discrete process, with sharp increases in separation at turning points where the trajectory bounces off the boundary of the energetically allowed region.
280h agoDiffraction tailoring in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media influences key beam properties, including amplitude, beam width, phase-front curvature, and phase-space evolution, and allows for control of beam dynamics.
280h agoThe growth rate of the logarithmic Mahler measure coincides with the algebraic entropy in discrete dynamical systems with the Laurent property and cluster algebras.
280h agoNonreciprocal electrohydrodynamic interactions sustain persistent active clusters in bidisperse colloidal suspensions driven by AC electric fields.
280h agoPost-selection changes the nature of the measurement-induced phase transition by altering its universality class, and this transition shares the same universality class as the entanglement transition of Random Tensor Networks.
280h agoMinimizing a logarithmically compressed variance of local energies improves convergence in neural networks used to determine quantum states of interacting many-body fermionic systems.
280h agoConditioning on an internal clock restores self-averaging of time-averaged observables in systems with weak ergodicity breaking, and time-averaged transport coefficients follow the Mittag-Leffler distribution when rescaled by their mean.
280h agoThe flow of a Bingham yield-stress fluid in a pore network model with blocked throats exhibits two distinct flow regimes: one above the percolation threshold where flow is characterized by deterministic values, and one at the percolation threshold where flow is governed by the critical percolation backbone.
280h agoThe fractal architecture of biological tissues jointly controls the expansion of coagulation zones during thermal ablation, influencing clinical outcomes.
280h agoThe quantum annealing process in the random Ising model on a cubic lattice follows the Kibble-Zurek power law as annealing time increases.
280h agoStochastic resetting accelerates policy convergence in reinforcement learning by truncating long, uninformative trajectories, even when it does not reduce search time, and improves deep reinforcement learning in difficult exploration tasks with sparse rewards.
280h agoThe power-law banded random matrix ensemble can be interpreted as Hamiltonians of one-dimensional quantum many-body systems, showing different phases that correspond to entanglement transitions.
280h agoMachine learning with analog signals can be made to work despite imperfections by using a new system-agnostic training method that overcomes the problems caused by component and measurement flaws.
280h agoA mobility edge exists in the spectrum of two coupled tight-binding chains with incommensurate periods, characterized by an abrupt onset of localization in higher-energy states.
280h agoTransformer architectures can be understood through a new operator-theoretic framework that describes their mechanics in a language familiar to many-body physics, revealing that self-attention acts like a non-Hermitian interaction operator and network depth is an ordered composition of these interactions.
280h agoIsing machines can rapidly converge to near-optimal energies for solving complex optimization problems, typically within a constant number of matrix vector multiplications.
280h agoA new quantum protocol combines reverse quantum annealing with optimized initial distributions to estimate partition functions of Ising spin glasses, dramatically reducing estimator variance and computational scaling exponents.
280h agoDense Associative Memories and diffusion models create new, incorrect attractors, called spurious states, as training data size increases, which can aid generative capabilities.
280h agoMuller glia derived neurons in the adult zebrafish retina restore neuronal diversity and key features of retinal circuit organization after injury.
280h agoSeizures worsen tau pathology in brain regions with increased seizure activity, and seizure-activated neurons are more likely to develop tau pathology, leading to enhanced tau propagation throughout the brain.
280h agoTet1 dosage determines differences in binge-eating susceptibility by regulating the connection between certain brain areas.
280h agoPrenatal alcohol exposure impairs the ability of an enriched environment to boost the growth of new brain cells, and fluoxetine cannot restore this impaired growth in an enriched environment.
284h agoPeople with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have weaker attention to task cues when faced with unpleasant or OCD-related distractors, due to stronger competition for visual processing resources.
284h agoRecurrent neural networks with biophysical properties, such as dendrites and active ionic currents, can efficiently solve working memory tasks when cue inputs are delivered through NMDA receptors at the dendrite.
284h agoK+ levels decrease unevenly within the ischemic core region after a stroke, with some areas losing K+ faster than others, but these differences are not related to neuronal damage.
284h agoA model of mouse primary visual cortex with 67,000 neurons integrates multiple types of biological data to simulate brain activity, reproducing benchmarks and uncovering new insights into synaptic organization and network function.
284h agoLef1, a key transcription factor, is not essential for maintaining the blood-brain barrier, as its loss only causes minor dysregulation, and other Tcf/Lef family members or regulatory circuits can preserve CNS microvasculature function.
284h agoNeural variability in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is related to structured variability, not random noise, and shifts toward criticality before slower behavioral responses.
284h agoE-PG neurons help flies maintain a stable direction towards an odor source by combining visual motion signals with their sense of head direction.
284h agoIndividuals with intermittent explosive disorder show idiosyncratic neural responses to social cues during social-emotional processing, which may lead to maladaptive interpretations and impulsive aggression.
284h agoActivation of specific octopaminergic neurons increases food consumption in flies, and these neurons work with dopaminergic neurons and a mushroom-body output neuron to control feeding behavior.
288h agoCerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with changes in lipid composition in brain vessels, with CAA-present vessels enriched for gangliosides and CAA-absent vessels characterized by higher contributions from phosphatidylserines.
288h agoHSV-1 infection drives microglial remodeling, characterized by a dominance of interferon-responsive states and a loss of homeostatic signatures, leading to persistent neuroinflammation.
288h agoBrain-derived extracellular vesicles can be successfully collected and analyzed using cerebral open-flow microdialysis, revealing a unique molecular landscape of small noncoding RNA cargos that reflect brain-specific signatures and are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.
288h agoThe pathology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder spreads from astrocytes to oligodendrocytes through soluble complement proteins, causing oligodendrocyte death and demyelination.
288h agoThe mechanical interactions between neurons and their extracellular matrix play a central role in guiding axonal growth.
288h agoVigilance states are linked to changes in brain dynamics, marked by distinct patterns of phase synchronization and phase-amplitude coupling that reorganize across sleep and wakefulness.
288h agoRetro-cues can rescue a percept that would otherwise be processed non-consciously if the sensory trace is sufficiently robust, but only when stimulus visibility is high.
288h agoChanges in glial cells and the blood-brain barrier contribute to anxiety and depression-like behaviors in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
288h agoThe control of urination is governed by specific cellular, synaptic, and motor unit properties, including a hierarchical recruitment pattern of external urethral sphincter motor units and distinct biophysical properties of urinary parasympathetic preganglionic neurons.
292h agoThe stomach's intrinsic rhythm modulates human neural activity through widespread, broadband phase-amplitude coupling with cortical oscillations across delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands.
292h agoComplement factor 3 and cluster of differentiation 14 play differential roles in inducing cytokines in brain areas after polytrauma with traumatic brain injury, but are not involved in the injury site.
292h agoAbnormalities in self-referential processing are present across different psychiatric disorders and may be characterized by disrupted default mode network engagement and compensatory recruitment of control-related frontal regions.
292h agoNew information reorganizes existing knowledge in the human brain through the reactivation of prior neural representations.
292h agoA new method called POPE-13C-MRS allows for non-invasive detection of glutamate, GABA, and lactate metabolism in the human brain, enabling study of excitatory-inhibitory balance and neurometabolic coupling.
292h agoThe protein Nidogen helps guide regenerating motor axons in the mature nervous system by facilitating their growth alongside neighboring intact neuronal processes, promoting synapse reformation and functional recovery.
292h agoNeuropeptide systems in the human brain are comprehensively mapped, revealing their organizational principles and linking their architecture to behavior and evolution.
296h agoThe brain's default-mode network, including the rostromedial and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the right cerebellar Crus I & II, supports goal-directed remote thinking, a key component of creative cognition.
296h agoThe L253P mutation in beta-III-spectrin causes a subcellular redistribution of the protein in Purkinje neurons, leading to impaired motor activity and disruption of postsynaptic signaling.
296h agoAdult layer-specific transcriptional programs maintain specialized astrocyte structure and signaling in the cortex.
296h agoAutism impairs the brain's ability to integrate contextual information into perceptual processes, with key aspects of semantic coding preserved but neural signatures of contextualization reduced.
296h agoThe brain's perception is influenced by previous experiences, causing current perceptions to appear similar to past stimuli, and this effect can transfer across senses and is controlled by attention.
296h agoUltraslow oscillations in the medial entorhinal cortex play a role in linking spatiotemporal memories acquired during navigation by inducing changes in grid cell dynamics.
296h agoBrain dynamics are organized into a limited number of reproducible coordination modes, not a single continuous dimension or hierarchical axis, and these modes link micro and macroscale brain organization.
296h agoSleep converts learning-induced brain changes into stable memories by reorganizing brain activity, specifically by recalibrating brain wave patterns that are disrupted by learning and then restored during non-rapid eye movement sleep.
296h agoA proposed loss function in neuroscience compares neuronal responses to external and internal signals, and this difference corresponds to the XOR function, which can be implemented in a simple neural motif.
296h agoLarge-scale traveling waves causally contribute to inter-areal communication during attention, with stronger waves leading to better performance in attentional search tasks.
296h agoThe choroid plexus endothelium is a structurally specialized, developmentally dynamic, and mechanosensitive vascular network that plays a key role in blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function.
296h agoEmbryonic Reln and Dab1 neurons co-expressing Lmx1b develop from early-born dI5 neurons, migrate to form distinct populations, and give rise to glutamatergic projection neurons and interneurons.
296h agoD-MEM, a biologically inspired memory architecture, reduces token consumption by over 80% and eliminates bottlenecks in autonomous LLM agents by decoupling short-term interaction from long-term memory restructuring.
304h agoMusic stimulation during driving enhances brain network coordination and information exchange, which can improve understanding of music cognition and motor control.
304h agoThe transformer, a modern artificial neural network, provides a natural computational analogy for multiple elements of cortical microcircuit organization in the brain.
304h agoSpiking neural networks with neurons that spike only once are equivalent to those with neurons that spike multiple times in terms of their ability to approximate target functions.
304h agoVision foundation models trained with self-supervised objectives capture object structure in a human-like manner, and their alignment with human object perception improves with model generations, particularly with transformer-based models trained with the DINO objective.
304h agoA new machine learning framework called deep probabilistic model synthesis combines data from multiple instances of the same system to create a general model.
304h agoOscillatory neural network elements support accurate classification with few trainable parameters, and choosing oscillator frequencies based on brain rhythms improves classification accuracy.
304h agoSpiking neural networks can control systems with sparse neural activity using a task-specific method that does not need continuous energy input.
304h agoCoordinated spike-timing activity in neural circuits may support cognitive states and long-term working memory through a second tier of neural activity that coexists with sensorimotor brain activity.
304h agoSchemas help humans and animals generalize knowledge and adapt behavior across contexts, and a new computational framework called schema-based hierarchical active inference explains how this process works.
304h agoThe brain's electrical activity shows scale-invariant behavior, following power laws and remaining consistent across different scales, when operating slightly below criticality with a balance of excitation and inhibition.
304h agoIntracranial language brain-computer interfaces face limitations in clinical translation due to fragmented evidence and unresolved design trade-offs, and researchers highlight persistent bottlenecks including weak cross-subject transfer and limited naturalistic expressivity.
304h agoA unified neural architecture called DIME (Detect-Integrate-Mark-Execute) organizes perception, memory, valuation, and conscious access within a common operational cycle.
304h agoA theory of consciousness must address seven key questions to establish a unified understanding, and researchers propose a new model, the Dual-Laws Model, which suggests two unique features of conscious systems: autonomy in goal-setting and cognitive decoupling from external stimuli.
304h agoNeural representations in deep learning models and monkey brains diverge in image classification tasks.
304h agoPerformance-dependent network evolution produces compact computer models that accurately predict neuronal dynamics and recover the structure of a canonical neuronal system from data alone.
304h agoEnstrophy extremes in turbulence have a forecast skill that persists from 1 to over 4 Lyapunov times, and their predictability is mainly controlled by large-scale structures.
304h agoThe Boussinesq-Klein-Gordon equation's solution leads to two copies of the Ostrovsky equation, which describes the evolution of waves with local defects and perturbations, and predicts that these waves can lead to strong bursts or rogue waves.
304h agoFrequency heterogeneity increases the global order parameter in oscillator networks with strong triadic interactions, but its effect depends on the strength of the heterogeneity.
304h agoChaotic variation in external inputs can trigger rate-induced tipping in physical systems with multiple attracting solutions, causing them to switch from one attractor to another.
304h agoDiffraction tailoring in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media strongly influences key beam properties, and engineering diffraction in such media allows effective control of beam dynamics.
304h agoMinimal architectures can successfully store multiple chaotic attractors, but struggle with task switching between attractors in response to external cues.
304h agoThe Purwins model reveals that a subcritical finite wavenumber Hopf bifurcation produces spatiotemporal localized and extended structures, including jumping oscillons and traveling pulses, which emerge in one and two space dimensions.
304h agoA sparse random graph with independent edges can produce finite clustering without geometric or higher-order constraints if it has an infinite-mean node fitness.
304h agoA generic closed many-body system prepared in a well-behaved initial state and subjected to a periodic drive will thermalize, approaching a state of maximal entropy, unless local observables exist that are periodic in time.
304h agoControlling a network along a desired path requires identifying which nodes to directly control, and a new method provides conditions and a greedy heuristic to select these nodes in networks with complex interactions.
304h agoA sudden and large disturbance in a control parameter, called a shock, drives a system from one state to another through a process called shock-induced tipping.
304h agoIn diverse microbial communities, closely-related strains can coexist due to indirect interactions with other community members that reduce competition and promote correlated growth rates.
304h agoThe study gives a uniform large genus asymptotics for primitive psi-class intersection numbers on the moduli space of stable algebraic curves, and uses this result to inform a formal solution of the Painlev\'e I equation.
304h agoAmoeboid motion relies on the interplay between intracellular biochemical signaling and physical mechanics of the cell membrane to enable cell motility essential for processes such as immune response and wound healing.
304h agoThe relation between oscillons and underlying Q-balls holds even with nontrivial kinematics, and oscillons with different potentials belong to the same or different universality classes depending on the approximation used.
304h agoBilinear forms and their Casoratian solutions are derived for several fourth-order lattice Gel'fand-Dikii equations, and these equations can be extended by introducing a parameter.
304h agoCellular automata with finite alphabet over a surjunctive group universe cannot produce strict embeddings of the full shift into itself.
304h agoRandom permutation circuits exhibit quantum chaos when the dimension of their local configuration space exceeds two, as shown by the linear growth of local operator entanglement over time.
304h agoFermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-like recurrence occurs in weakly damped, periodically driven alpha-FPUT chains, where steady-state energy is exchanged among a few low-frequency modes in a quasi-periodic manner.
304h agoNonlinear resonators respond to multifrequency driving with rich dynamics, where a secondary drive induces phase transitions between coexisting states, governed by detuning and relative amplitudes.
304h agoInteraction and rotation drive a crossover from integrable to quantum chaos behavior in a system of trapped interacting bosons, with the chaos increasing as interaction energy and rotation strengthen.
304h agoA dynamical mean-field framework identifies mechanisms that enable Ising machines to rapidly converge to near-optimal energies for solving complex optimization tasks.
304h agoA reconfigurable particle packing programmed by local cyclic driving exhibits associative-memory behavior, with performance depending on task difficulty and the system's mechanical response.
304h agoDynamical Mean Field Theory equations for a broad class of dynamics are derived using a formalized dynamical cavity method.
304h agoGeoenergy projects face four recurring bottlenecks - scarce field performance data, inadequate uncertainty assessment, weak scale-bridging, and insufficient quality assurance - that limit progress in balancing performance and risks.
304h agoThe maximal wave-function amplitude at the integer quantum Hall transition separates into a global gain and an intrinsic extreme component.
304h agoBoltzmann sampling of neural networks using a pseudo-Langevin dynamics method allows efficient exploration of low-loss solutions, scaling to networks with over one million parameters and yielding optimal generalization performance.
304h agoA sparse random graph with independent edges can produce finite clustering without geometric or higher-order constraints if it has an infinite-mean node fitness.
304h agoDense associative memories with a log-sum-exp kernel sustain pattern retrieval at high temperatures when the stored pattern load is low, whereas those with a log-sum-ReLU kernel have a limited load range for perfect retrieval.
304h agoA method called distance learning, which uses a neural discriminator to estimate statistical distances between distributions, reveals regimes with different dominant correlations in quantum many-body systems and correctly recovers boundaries between distinct correlation regimes.
304h agoGraph neural networks can predict the dynamic heterogeneity of model glass-forming liquids across different temperatures using only static particle configurations.
304h agoA universal approach accurately predicts the non-isothermal behaviour of alloys and estimates key parameters, such as linear thermal expansion coefficient, with results that match experimental data.
304h agoA framework called ScienceClaw + Infinite enables independent agents to conduct scientific research autonomously, without central coordination, and produces auditable scientific records through structured outputs.
304h agoA single ensemble of random transfer-matrix products provides a unified realization of the canonical one-point fluctuation laws in directed polymers in random media in (1+1) dimensions.
304h agoNeural quantum states can accurately simulate extended periodic systems in solid-state materials, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy across diverse benchmarks.
304h agoA two-dimensional particle model shows that a non-equilibrium glass transition occurs before an absorbing transition at high packing fractions, and the jamming transition that follows has properties similar to those of thermal glasses.
304h agoQuantum annealing processors can now perform analog-digital quantum computing, expanding their capabilities beyond simple annealing operations.
304h agoNeural quantum states exhibit the double descent phenomenon, where generalization worsens as network size increases before improving again, but typically operate in an underparameterized regime where network size is limited.
304h agoA chip-level spintronic Ising machine using voltage-controlled magnetoresistive random access memory enables ultra-low-power and high-speed computation for solving combinatorial optimization problems.
304h agoKinetic magnetism emerges from the interference of paths taken by a hole in a sea of strongly interacting fermions, and its magnetic order can be shaped and tuned by embedding kinetic frustration.
304h agoThe universal behaviors of critical phenomena in quantum Hall transitions are affected by the thickness of the material, causing a deviation from 2D universality and a crossover to 3D physics.
304h agoAdding a link and allowing neighboring nodes to rewire their links leads to a discontinuous transition in an explosive percolation model, even with a finite number of rewiring nodes.
304h agoOhmic dissipation and quenched disorder combine to smear two out of three quantum phase transitions in the random quantum Ashkin-Teller model.
304h agoDisorder in quantum systems drives a transition from ergodic to non-ergodic phases, with an intermediate regime showing glass-like characteristics where some degrees of freedom are frozen and spin diffusion disappears.
304h agoThe Tool-Narayanaswamy material-time concept works well for simulating the physical aging of a binary liquid after a temperature increase, but its accuracy decreases when the system is far from equilibrium.
304h agoThe brain's electrical activity shows scale-invariant behavior, following power laws and remaining consistent across different scales, when operating slightly below criticality with a balance of excitation and inhibition.
304h agoThe Mpemba effect, where a system farther from equilibrium relaxes faster than a closer one, can occur in many-body systems even when they are in a linear-response regime.
304h agoThe internal structure of urban economies fundamentally limits proximity to employment, making it impossible to ensure uniformly short commutes even with optimal workplace placement.
304h agoThe electrophysiological characterization of iconic memory shows that different neural processes are involved in encoding and maintaining stimuli and in selecting information for conscious report.
304h agoFerritin accumulation and TDP-43 pathology define distinct ALS subtypes with different metabolic vulnerabilities, including disrupted lipid, membrane, and energy metabolism when both pathologies co-occur.
304h agoThe oral sensory system detects glucose-yielding carbohydrates through an enzymatic metabolic sensing mechanism that involves glucokinase in taste cells and maltase glucoamylase, allowing for rapid evaluation of the metabolic value of food.
304h agoNeurons in auditory and prefrontal cortices maintain tone-specific information and then translate it into action by changing their spiking activity during working memory tasks.
304h agoA daily lifestyle intervention that combines light, food, and exercise improves sleep, metabolic health, and memory in mice, including those with Alzheimer's disease.
304h agoPrimates' brain activity tracks key social interactions, including grooming and movement, and one monkey's actions and brain activity even predict the other's brain activity while being groomed.
304h agoObesity causes changes in skin capillaries that lead to increased production of nerve growth factor, which in turn causes pain hypersensitivity by affecting sensory nerves.
304h agoRisk-taking behavior changes with age and can serve as a marker of brain aging, with computational models showing age-related alterations in decision-making processes and brain structure.
304h agoMagnocellular-cortical pathways quickly adapt to new threat associations and facilitate rapid threat retrieval, even for faces that look neutral.
304h agoSIRT3 regulates metabolism and protects against stress and death in nasal cells, and its optimal levels may help counteract the negative effects of Abeta oligomers in Alzheimer's disease.
304h agoA new brain-computer interface allows people with paralysis to type on a QWERTY keyboard using their attempted finger movements.
312h agoStool-derived extracellular vesicles tested with a seed amplification assay, especially with pre-incubation, accurately detect Parkinson's disease in patients.
312h agoSynAPSeg, a new deep learning framework, enables fully automated segmentation and quantification of synaptic puncta, and reveals regional differences in synapse properties and aging-associated synaptic changes.
312h agoHemin and iron released after intracerebral hemorrhage trigger genome damage, senescence, and inflammation that contribute to persistent neurodegeneration.
312h agoMice use vision to avoid obstacles, steering around them at distances where touch isn't possible, and make directed paths guided by visual information.
312h agoMale and female rats develop different types of pain and behaviors after burn injury, with females experiencing different pain responses, more severe gait abnormalities, but not anxiety-like behavior, compared to males.
312h agoPresynaptic homeostatic plasticity occurs in the adult mammalian brain at synapses, and specific experimental methods are needed to study it.
312h agoAlpha- and beta-subunits of voltage-gated sodium channels are densely expressed in axon initial segments of neurons in different brain regions, with unique and partially overlapping distributions among neuronal subpopulations.
312h agoThe frontal eye field (FEF) is located at Brodmann's area 6 in the middle frontal gyrus and adjacent areas, and is situated anteriorly to the precentral motor cortex and functionally at the level of the hand motor area.
312h agoA novel computational framework based on the Active Inference Framework reveals that impulsivity in women with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is characterized by heightened sensitivity to sequential evaluation and a specific pattern of parameter changes across the menstrual cycle.
312h agoImplantable electrodes trigger an inflammatory response in brain cells, which leads to damage and the activation of protective mechanisms, and the size of the electrode has a greater impact on this response than the material used.
312h agoThe visual system encodes directional information from sparse local kinematic cues in a category-invariant manner, allowing humans to detect biological motion and its direction across different animals and actions.
312h agoThe left primary motor cortex does not play a causal role in learning new motor sequences that fit a pre-existing cognitive-motor schema.
312h agoThe Zhi-Shi-Huang-Wu Formula (F-2), a combination of four herbs, shows more effective neuroprotection against Parkinson's disease-like symptoms than individual herbs by reducing dopamine neuron degeneration, alpha-synuclein accumulation, and oxidative stress.
312h agoMutations in the CDKL5 gene cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset seizures, motor impairment, and facial abnormalities.
312h agoThe three-dimensional organization of the genome acts as a regulatory layer that determines the regenerative potential of adult central nervous system neurons.
316h agoThe gmLDS method accurately captures neural activity, gain, and connectivity by decomposing interactions into time-varying gain and static low-rank connectivity components.
316h agoNeural oscillations occur in brief, burst-like events called SPatially Organized Oscillatory Cliques (SPOOCs) that are cohesive in space, time, and frequency and rapidly reconfigure neuronal assemblies during stimulus processing.
320h agoExposure to chemicals like BPA and VPA causes changes in brain cell development, including altered morphology, gene expression, and electrical activity, in a laboratory model of early brain development.
320h agoProtein turnover in human neurons was measured by a new platform, revealing 10,792 protein half-lives and showing globally conserved proteome dynamics with subtype-specific differences.
320h agoOptineurin downregulation triggers early mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to alterations in proteostasis, synaptic function, and neuroinflammation, and ultimately contributes to the degeneration of specific neurons in Alzheimer's disease.
320h agoA new organoid system called neuroids, built from adult spinal cord ependymal neural stem cells, spontaneously differentiates into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and recapitulates the injury niche, allowing study of how the adult injury environment regulates stem cell fate.
320h agoSomatodendritic release of cholecystokinin (CCK) from dopamine neurons regulates synaptic strength across dopamine neurons by inducing long-term potentiation at GABAergic synapses and long-term depression at glutamatergic synapses.
320h agoIn autistic females aged 8-17, reduced functional connectivity between the putamen and frontal regions, particularly in attentional regulation, is linked to executive function impairments.
320h agoElff, an NCAM family member, is required for postsynaptic assembly, maturation, and alignment with presynaptic release sites, but not for presynaptic function or bouton formation, to ensure proper neurotransmission at glutamatergic synapses.
320h agoAstrocytes in the brain can be converted into oligodendrocyte cells, which produce myelin, through the forced overexpression of specific transcription factors.
320h agoIntracranial language brain-computer interfaces face limitations in clinical translation due to fragmented evidence and unresolved design trade-offs across neuroscience, hardware, and algorithms.
328h agoThe DIME neural architecture organizes perception, memory, valuation, and conscious access within a common operational cycle, integrating these phenomena into a unified computational framework.
328h agoNeural assemblies form through a new selection mechanism called E%-winners-take-all, which makes their size dependent on the network's dynamics and improves their recovery rate when recalling stimuli.
328h agoA unified brain-to-sentence decoding framework decodes both speech production and perception in Mandarin Chinese, enabling sentence-level decoding from single-character data and allowing comparison of neural dynamics across modalities.
328h agoTheories of consciousness should address seven key questions to establish a comprehensive understanding, and a proposed model suggests that conscious systems have autonomy in goal-setting and cognitive decoupling from external stimuli.
328h agoA desynchronization scheme uses a peculiar point in the phase space of a neuronal system, called the centroid, to determine the specific times and intensities of pulses that can disrupt pathological over-synchronization in conditions such as epilepsy and Parkinson disease.
328h agoThe PsyCogMetrics AI Lab platform uses psychometric and cognitive-science methodologies to evaluate Large Language Models.
328h agoA new computational framework called HOI-Brain uses higher-order interactions in brain regions to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder.
328h agoTask-relevant variables are encoded in orthogonal subspaces of neural population activity, and this occurs in feedforward nonlinear networks trained on tasks that depend on these variables.
328h agoThe generalized BBM equation has a two-parameter family of travelling wave solutions, including shock waves, whose stability is proven using a conservation law, enabling effective superposition rules.
328h agoA simple mathematical model emulates energy dissipation due to tidal effects by removing energy while preserving total angular momentum.
328h agoInertia introduces a new unsteady collective state in a one-dimensional swarmalator model, where the order parameters undergo multiharmonic oscillations.
328h agoMultistable mechanical metamaterials can trap energy and absorb shocks by locking transition waves at designed locations, enabling simultaneous energy harvesting and shock absorption.
328h agoA new surrogate modeling approach uses generative machine learning to forecast turbulent flows over long horizons, capturing intrinsic uncertainty and providing a unified platform for sensor placement and data assimilation.
328h agoA desynchronization scheme uses a peculiar point in the phase space of a neuronal system, called the centroid, to determine the specific times and intensities of pulses that can disrupt pathological over-synchronization in conditions such as epilepsy and Parkinson disease.
328h agoA readout scheme uses time delay of a single flux quantum propagating in a Josephson transmission line to determine the quantum state of a superconducting qubit.
328h agoThe superposition of quantum evolutions with regular and chaotic classical limits produces interference effects that can increase subsystem entropy beyond that of a classical mixture.
328h agoRepeatedly adding or subtracting the digital reversal to or from an integer creates a dynamical system with interesting dynamics, including limiting cycles and diverging trajectories.
328h agoHadrons carry gauge-invariant charges, as shown by non-zero expectation values of these charges in baryon and meson states.
328h agoPruning neural networks through dropout leads to three distinct phases: eumentia where the network learns, dementia where it forgets, and amentia where it cannot learn.
328h agoVariational continuous unitary transformations accurately diagonalize many-body localized Hamiltonians and track their spatial entanglement structure.
328h agoThe energy landscape of a disordered heteropolymer model shows a hierarchical organization, with 90% of sequences containing more than half of ultrametric triangles and 97.8% exhibiting nontrivial ultrametricity.
328h agoThe study identifies the limit free energy via a Parisi-type formula and proves a large deviation principle for the mean magnetization in vector spin glass models.
328h agoThe study proves that the limit free energy of vector spin glass models can be described by the unique solution of a partial differential equation in the high-temperature regime.
328h agoAdding a constant offset to a quasiperiodic potential transforms anomalous mobility edges into conventional mobility edges, separating localized from delocalized states.
328h agoAdaptive Circuit Knitting (ACK) method reduces the overhead of circuit knitting by up to four orders of magnitude, enabling efficient distribution of quantum simulation across multiple Quantum Processing Units.
328h agoEB-RANSAC, a new energy-based model, offers a robust estimation method that simplifies the sampling process and reduces hyperparameters, making it applicable to a wide range of estimation problems.
328h agoMany-body localization allows interacting quantum systems to evade thermalization, and experiments on a 144-qubit quantum processor show a smooth crossover from rapid thermalization to persistent correlations as disorder strength increases.
328h agoDiffusion models learn simple, pair-wise input statistics before higher-order correlations, and a scalar invariant called the diffusion information exponent governs the sample complexity of learning these statistics.
328h agoA deep-kernel Gaussian process surrogate model with sparse variational inference achieves accurate spectral-function prediction using only 10% of the available training data, outperforming feed-forward neural networks trained on the same reduced subset.
328h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking exists in low-energy eigenstates of certain gapless and frustrated many-body quantum systems that are symmetric perturbations to classical models with spontaneous symmetry breaking at positive temperatures.
328h agoQuantum computation has evolved into a potentially realizable technology, but scaling challenges in hardware, software, and algorithms remain; improvements in qubit quality, systems engineering, and distributed computing can facilitate scaling.
328h agoTotimorphic lattices can be continuously reprogrammed to change their mechanical and optical properties through geometric changes, enabling flexible and efficient structures for applications such as deep space exploration.
328h agoDisordered potentials in quantum systems give rise to a Bose-glass phase, an insulating yet compressible phase, which is identified through in-situ density distributions, particle-number fluctuations, and interference patterns.
328h agoCyclic quantum walks on graphs can generate exotic topological phases, including gapped and gapless phases, protected edge states, and flat bands, for use in robust quantum memory and fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
328h agoDiagonal linear networks' gradient flow dynamics can be captured by a low-dimensional effective process, which yields new insights into their loss convergence rates, generalization, and other previously observed phenomena.
328h agoThe expansion of short tandem repeats causes over 60 different human diseases, and a new assay called SCIA can quickly measure changes in repeat size to help identify potential treatments.
336h agoMemory for the timing and order of emotional events regulates how long emotions last and affect later experiences, and in turn, the emotions themselves shape how well these events are remembered.
344h agoThe lateral occipitotemporal cortex, especially areas selective for body perception, retains more semantic information from language models that is separate from visual signals, while the ventral stream and early visual cortex do not.
344h agoEEG can distinguish between active and passive listening states and track target speech in complex acoustic environments with high accuracy.
344h agoThe properties of spinal motoneurons that allow flexible movement, including postural tone maintenance, rely on mechanisms beyond persistent inward currents, and are modulated by potassium and HCN channels.
344h agoThe claustrum and anterior cingulate cortex encode higher-order cognitive variables, such as uncertainty and prediction error, during aversive learning, with distinct temporal profiles and roles.
344h agoCocaine abstinence reduces GABA release from D2 dopamine receptor-expressing neurons, and this reduction is caused by the release of enkephalin from these same neurons.
348h agoOlder adults adapt to motor errors similarly to young adults, with both groups showing larger implicit adaptation when missing a target than when hitting it.
348h agoThe HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele drives a coordinated neuroinflammatory program that links behavioral dysfunction, glial activation, and immune cell recruitment, and this effect worsens with age and is more pronounced in females.
352h agoAcrolein induces proteomic changes in the spinal cord during the acute phase of spinal cord injury, which are linked to the activation of complement and coagulation cascades.
352h agoAn adaptive mesh refinement strategy accurately resolves numerical singularities in charge density near electrodes and tissue interfaces, leading to stable solutions for transcranial electrical stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, and electroencephalography forward modeling.
352h agoAn integrated experimental-computational pipeline measures and quantifies body part kinematics and muscle activity in freely behaving Drosophila melanogaster, enabling scalable, high-resolution measurement and modeling of unconstrained, natural behavior.
352h agoDrosophila clock neurons remodel their terminals daily through a dynamic process involving thin filopodia extending from synaptic boutons, which can be accurately visualized ex vivo using a simple fixation protocol and MorphoScope interface.
364h agoThe APOE4 gene disrupts normal metabolic changes in the brain during menopause, leading to impaired energy production and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.
364h agoNeuromodulators reconfigure cortical neurons by changing how their properties are coordinated, enabling them to compute different information and dynamically expanding the computational abilities of cortical circuits.
368h agoMouse brain organoids developed for three weeks closely resemble a neonatal mouse brain in terms of their genetic and protein makeup, and contain a complex network of synaptic proteins.
368h agoLocal cortical excitability inversely affects large-scale fMRI connectivity, with increased excitability leading to fMRI hypoconnectivity and decreased excitability leading to fMRI hyperconnectivity.
368h agoNeurons in the orbitofrontal cortex that project to the caudate putamen help rats form and update their beliefs about hidden reward states in their environment.
368h agoEstrogen receptor alpha cells in two brain areas, MPOA and BNSTp, form a circuit that drives either parental care or infanticide in mice, with MPOA promoting care and BNSTp promoting infanticide in both males and females.
368h agoHuman sound recognition abilities can be replicated by artificial neural network models trained on multi-source scenes, which perform as well as humans in many conditions.
368h agoOperating near criticality enables learning by facilitating coordination and maximizing flexibility of neural representations, but shifts to a more ordered state during sleep memory replay.
368h agoJumping in mice is made up of precise phases with distinct neural control patterns, and a specific group of spinal neurons can trigger coordinated movement.
368h agoSchizophrenia is characterized by aberrantly stronger negative cerebellothalamic and positive thalamocortical connectivity, implicating sensory, motor, and associative cortical circuits.
368h agoThe brain areas supporting language, specifically the left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal sulcus, show varied connections to other brain areas across people, which relates to differences in reading ability, educational attainment, and is linked to specific genetic factors.
368h agoA new hybrid method combines the strengths of exact TFCE and probabilistic TFCE to improve sensitivity in voxel-wise neuroimaging inference, enabling fast and accurate detection of effects without relying on permutations or discretization.
376h agoThe 2D object space, which organizes objects by animate-inanimate and stubby-spiky features, guides behavior differently for different object categories.
376h agoBiological neural networks' structural properties improve artificial learning systems' performance, enabling them to achieve 90% classification accuracy with less training data than other models.
376h agoA newly developed sensor called GPR52-1.0 detects the release of a natural chemical that activates the GPR52 receptor in the brain, allowing for real-time monitoring of its activity.
380h agoThe hyperface dataset, which includes 707 unique face video clips, allows for the investigation of human face processing under naturalistic conditions.
380h agoSpiral ganglion neurons die through two distinct processes: during normal development, their death is accompanied by immune cells that clear degenerating neurons, whereas after hair cell loss caused by ototoxic agents, their death is preceded by a different immune response involving various immune cells that likely contribute to the neuron loss.
380h agoBiallelic loss-of-function mutations in WWOX cause a range of neurodevelopmental disorders; effective gene therapy requires neuron-restricted expression driven by the human Synapsin I promoter and a specific dose of AAV9-hSynI-WWOX to correct phenotypic abnormalities.
380h agoIntersection estimates of brain functional connectivity are more valid and have greater predictive utility than group estimates for depression and ruminative coping style.
380h agoMemory reactivation during sleep reorganizes conflicting memories, reducing decision ambivalence by integrating opposing evaluative memories, especially when a negative memory is updated to a positive one.
380h agoNeuromodulatory systems help brain networks reconfigure for different tasks, and a new computer model that mimics this process achieves better performance on context-dependent tasks by adjusting its internal connections.
380h agoVisual mental imagery acts as a weaker form of visual perception, with its vividness closely linked to the vividness of actual visual perception.
380h agoComplexity-based metrics capture fatigue-related changes in muscle signal organization, and surface electromyography and optically pumped magnetometers provide similar information on these changes.
380h agoCircSCMH1 downregulation in neutrophils is linked to futile recanalization in stroke patients, and delivering circSCMH1 to neutrophils reduces inflammation, improves blood flow, and decreases damage.
380h agoThe reactivation of spatial memories during sleep and the network dynamics of the hippocampus independently influence memory retention, with scale-free circuit dynamics during offline periods facilitating memory stabilization.
380h agoAn optimised Golgi staining methodology improves staining reliability, facilitates robust slicing, and supports detailed analysis of neuronal morphology throughout the central nervous system.
380h agoGalvanic vestibular stimulation increases dream lucidity, but electrical muscle stimulation does not.
380h agoHuman oligodendrocyte progenitor cells can mature, produce myelin, and respond to injury in a specially designed mouse model, providing a new tool to study human myelination and test treatments for demyelinating diseases.
380h agoUpregulation of CD22 in microglia impairs their ability to clear cellular debris, contributing to the progression of Huntington's disease.
384h agoA decrease in brain age in late childhood is associated with an increased risk of alcohol initiation in adolescence.
384h agoQuercetin and its analog 6BrQ have equivalent antioxidant properties and can directly inhibit GSK3, reduce GSK3 activities, and display modest off-target activities at high concentrations.
384h agoApplying non-invasive neuromodulation with transcranial focused ultrasound to the posterior cingulate cortex during mindfulness training increases the segregation between the default mode network and the central executive network, and promotes greater acceptance and meditation practice in novice practitioners.
384h agoOlder adults' brains reorganize language processing by shifting activity to semantic-related areas and changing the sequence of processing stages to support sentence production.
388h agoE-selectin orchestrates vincristine-induced neuropathy by regulating immune cell interactions with nerves.
388h agoA 3-T MRI-compatible deep brain stimulation system was used to map circuit-specific responses to stimulation in patients with Parkinson’s disease over a year.
392h agoChronic ethanol drinking increases GFAP expression in specific brain subregions, and inhibiting astrocytes reduces ethanol intake and preference.
392h agoEntrainment and predictive coding help people perceive speech in quiet and noisy environments by using rhythmic cues to guide the timing of speech.
392h agoReduced PRDM2 expression in the prefrontal cortex contributes to stress-induced relapse-like behavior in alcohol use disorder.
392h agoStress causes long-lasting changes in fear learning by enhancing fear representations in the caudal hippocampus, a brain region that integrates emotional and motivational information into memory.
392h agoTrust in a speaker influences how the brain processes speech, with people showing a stronger brain response to speech from less trustworthy speakers.
392h agoSensory feedback that does not match motor command expectations helps learning through climbing fiber signals, and this process starts with structured information in the inferior olive.
392h agoThe brain's ability to prioritize speech over other sounds, such as music, develops across childhood and strengthens with age in certain areas.
392h agoPatients with temporal lobe epilepsy have abnormal brain connections, showing hyperconnectivity in frontoparietal systems and hypoconnectivity in temporal and paralimbic systems, which relates to symptoms, disease progression, and surgical outcomes.
392h agoDopamine release defects in Parkinson's disease are caused by reduced dopamine storage due to lower expression and function of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), leading to deficits in synaptic vesicle loading and recycling.
392h agoThe study identifies a network of brain regions, including the prelimbic cortex, posterior insular cortex, basolateral amygdala, and nucleus accumbens, that are necessary for organizing behavior when animals face conflicting drives to seek rewards and avoid threats.
392h agoDifferences in brain network organization lead to individual variations in fear responses to socially conveyed threats, with some individuals being susceptible to observational fear learning and others being resilient.
392h agoFast corrective responses in redundant motor control are shaped by intrinsic coordination constraints that govern how visual errors propagate through the motor system.
392h agoExplicit training to associate the sleep laboratory with reflective awareness before sleep leads to high rates of lucid dreaming, and additional technological manipulations provide limited benefit.
396h agoThe inferior temporal cortex represents object position in a way that matches our perception of space, and adapts to visual illusions by changing its population codes and representation geometry.
400h agoResearchers study human navigation behaviour and brain dynamics in more naturalistic settings, using four categories of research approaches: real-world environments, daily life tracking, virtual environments, and mobile brain recording methods.
400h agoMiniscopes enable imaging of neural activity in freely-behaving animals, and recent advancements have enhanced their capabilities for faster imaging, larger fields of view, and deeper brain penetration.
400h agoGaze-aware encoding models that incorporate eye-tracking data match the performance of conventional models with far fewer parameters, especially benefiting participants with dynamic eye movements.
400h agoA unified mathematical framework for analyzing neuronal spike trains provides an exact operational calculus for understanding spike train dynamics, enabling closed-form analysis without discretization or approximation.
400h agoBrains recognize and generate complex patterns better than AI, but a new approach unifies different methods to help AI learn like the brain and provides a framework for deep learning in the brain.
400h agoDistinguishing between acoustic and expectation-related information in music improves EEG-based music identification when used as targets for model training.
400h agoIntegrability conditions on local Hamiltonians for one-dimensional quantum systems are introduced, allowing free and interacting fermions to be identified.
400h agoIntroducing quadratic orthogonal pairs for hyperelliptic functions resolves a mismatch problem left unsolved in investigations of continued fraction expansions and Hankel determinants.
400h agoMulti-swarm systems with different parameters and goals produce hybrid patterns when they collide, and redirection of the swarms occurs when a synchronized state exists.
400h agoThe genetic analysis indicates minimal gene flow across the Eastern Pacific Barrier in larvae of the reef-building coral Porites lobata, except for detectable genetic connectivity between Clipperton Atoll and the Line Islands.
400h agoThe Jordanian deformed AdS5 x S5 string spectrum remains solvable within the Baxter framework, with analytic expressions obtained at arbitrary spin chain length despite reduced symmetry.
400h agoSymmetry and exact coherent structures organize spontaneous flow reversals in a 2D active nematic confined to a periodic channel through a low-dimensional network of invariant solutions and their manifolds.
400h agoThe spontaneous symmetry breaking machine (SSBM) can explore a single extremely stable state for combinatorial optimization problems, based on experimental verification and numerical simulations.
400h agoBoundary integrability provides analytic control over field theories with interfaces, and an analytic approach for integrable boundaries in two-dimensional sigma-models determines admissible reflection maps directly from the divisor structure of the Lax connection.
400h agoThe M-Wright function, characterizing anomalous current fluctuations, is exactly derived for the first time in quantum many-body systems, specifically in a one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model.
400h agoTransformer architectures can be described using an operator-theoretic framework that translates their mechanics into a language familiar to many-body physics, revealing structural logic behind their empirical properties.
400h agoMachine learning model trained on disorder-free systems predicts that off-diagonal disorder preserves topological edge states, while diagonal disorder causes a transition to an Anderson insulator.
400h agoThe Aubry-André model exhibits emergent criticality with multifractal eigenstates and singular continuous spectra under strong periodic modulation, producing a robust critical phase and replicated spectra.
400h agoA microscopic theory shows that a thermometer's thermalisation is controlled by the distribution of interaction-induced level broadenings, predicting a thermalisation timescale set by the inverse typical broadening.
400h agoTransformers have an inductive bias towards learning low-complexity algorithms, which prevents them from capturing complex ones but allows success on simpler tasks like search, copy, and sort.
400h agoDysonNet, a new type of neural quantum state, enables fast and interpretable computation of many-body wavefunctions by coupling local nonlinearities through global linear layers.
400h agoThe equilibrium dynamics of an infinite-range quantum Heisenberg model show a transition from a paramagnetic phase to a spin glass ordered phase, which is suppressed by quantum fluctuations when there are few fermionic flavors.
400h agoA continuous spectrum of time scales emerges as the system size increases, and the slowest time scales can be characterized by the susceptibility associated with the order parameter of the metastable phase, leading to various anomalous relaxation phenomena.
400h agoThe Mpemba effect, where a system relaxes faster when it's farther from equilibrium, can occur in many-body systems even when they are in a linear-response regime.
400h agoThe 15-minute city concept is limited by the internal structure of urban economies, which sets a lower bound on commuting times that cannot be overcome by rearranging workplaces or improving transportation.
400h agoThe accuracy of classical shadow tomography on photonic processors has a fundamental limit, where reconstruction error abruptly stops decreasing and hits a floor due to spectral distortions.
400h agoAs the Heisenberg coupling increases, a two-dimensional disordered Heisenberg Floquet model undergoes a smooth crossover from subergodic to ergodic behavior, with smaller patches becoming ergodic first.
400h agoA photonic computing system inspired by the retina detects features, classifies images, and segments data with high accuracy, even when trained on a small number of images.
400h agoThe Prometheus framework detects critical temperatures and extracts critical exponents with high accuracy in 3D classical and quantum many-body systems, and identifies different types of critical behavior using unsupervised learning.
400h agoDisordered potentials alter transport properties and coherence in quantum systems, giving rise to a Bose-glass phase with reduced phase coherence in interacting bosonic systems at low energies.
400h agoBasins of attraction in neural network loss landscapes are connected by low-loss paths, but optimization dynamics stay in one convex basin due to entropic barriers caused by curvature and noise.
400h agoThe spin-$1/2$ $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model on the square lattice has an intermediate phase between N\'eel antiferromagnetic and stripe ordered regimes characterized by local quantum correlations that can be used for unsupervised phase discovery.
400h agoA Reinforcement Learning-based model called Deep Recurrent Q-Learning (DRQL) enables a system to switch between tasks by learning to update a belief state representation and an action preference representation, allowing it to perform a probability switching task without explicit cues.
400h agoAAV2.retro enables efficient gene delivery to photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium in the adult mouse retina after intravitreal injection, with strong cell type specificity and wide spatial coverage.
404h agoKaroSpace enables immediate interactive exploration of spatial omics data from multiple samples and modalities, allowing scientists to easily share and collaboratively analyze data.
404h agoConditioned pain modulation reduces pain perception by activating the brain's pain control system, which in turn inhibits spinal cord activity.
404h agoMicroglial MERCS remodeling is an early event in Alzheimer's disease, and it regulates energy metabolism, inflammation, and amyloid beta clearance by controlling ER-to-mitochondria calcium transfer.
404h agoPlasmatic extracellular vesicles from Parkinson's disease patients contribute to neuronal degeneration by activating microglia through pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to reduced neuronal integrity and increased cell death.
408h agoScientists have developed a method to control specific receptors in the brain with light, using a new tool called optonanobodies that combines the precision of light control with the specificity of nanobodies.
408h agoLick microstructure analysis provides insights into why an animal drinks by examining patterns of licks, and a new software package called lickcalc makes this type of analysis accessible to researchers.
408h agoBrain organoids with Alzheimer's disease mutations produce amyloid-beta oligomers with disease-relevant structures that can be concentrated and separated for further study.
408h agoA digital twin framework for human stance uses Bayesian analysis and latent variable analysis to classify disease severity and explain postural sway patterns in healthy elderly individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease.
408h agoDisrupted gene expression in specific brain cells contributes to refractory epilepsy by causing imbalances in electrical signaling, impaired communication between brain cells, and altered neurotransmitter transport.
408h agoA colon-delivered multivitamin supplement increases brain activity in areas related to working memory in older adults, but does not change working memory performance or levels of gut fatty acids.
408h agoThe truncated form of the neurotrophin tyrosine kinase receptor, TrkB-T1, plays a key role in neurotoxicity, glial reactivity, and neuroinflammation by contributing to decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling and promoting pathological changes in neurons and glial cells.
408h agoNtsr1-expressing neurons include both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurons, and a new Ntsr1-FlpO mouse line enables targeted access to these neuronal subpopulations.
408h agoMemory consolidation redistributes memories in the brain from temporary to stable forms through a brain-wide phenomenon where memories follow a predictable pattern across brain regions.
408h agoSwitching rate in brain networks changes with arousal states and this change affects cognitive performance, particularly in default mode, salience, and central executive networks.
408h agoAdaptation to digital numerals changes how people perceive them, and this change transfers across eyes and to a lesser extent across different parts of the visual field.
412h agoBody orientation affects how the brain processes information from the otolithic vestibular receptors, with brain responses being weaker when the body is in a supine position compared to an upright position.
412h agoTuberous sclerosis complex brain lesions, specifically subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs), show strong mTORC1 activation, changes in protein and phosphoprotein levels, and large-scale alterations in mRNA transcript splicing.
412h agoReducing FMR1 expression in human cortical slices leads to cell type-specific transcriptomic changes, ion channel subunit changes, and increased neuronal hyperexcitability and synchronized activity similar to those seen in Fragile X syndrome.
416h agoA lateral hypothalamic orexin-to-medial amygdala pathway links anesthetic state transitions to vigilance-like behavioral bias, promoting arousal from anesthesia and influencing recovery and behavioral responses.
416h agoThe instantaneous frequency of beta oscillations in the brain controls self-generated timing by predicting the length of produced durations.
416h agoAnti-phase theta stimulation over the right temporo-parietal junction lowers joint agency by reducing coordination efficiency in people performing a task together.
416h agoThe anterior temporal lobe shows category sensitivity, with different areas preferring faces, objects, or scenes, and has a complex organization with distinct subregions and connectivity profiles.
416h agoThe brain organizes and transmits information during naturalistic conditions using a conserved network backbone in sensory areas and flexible hubs in higher-order cognitive regions.
416h agoGABAergic inhibition controls the activity of the dentate gyrus by engaging distinct types of interneurons in feedforward and feedback circuits to tightly regulate incoming information from the entorhinal cortex.
416h agoA new model called JEDI captures neural dynamics across tasks and contexts by learning a shared embedding space, allowing it to uncover shared structure across conditions in a single model.
424h agoA statistical-mechanical theory links the efficiency of decoding continuous variables in neural networks to geometric properties of neural manifolds, handling complex neural variability and revealing increasing decoding capacity along the monkey visual stream.
424h agoA model using Restricted Boltzmann Machines accurately reproduces the complex statistics of neural recordings from 1500-2000 neurons in the mouse brain, capturing higher-order dependencies and revealing coordination patterns in population activity.
424h agoSingle-cell electrophysiological recordings link intrinsic physiology to transcriptomic identity, and a framework using these recordings can predict neuronal subclass structure in both mouse and human cortex.
424h agoNeural populations in higher visual areas encode object-centered visual information in a structured, semantically meaningful way, with different groups of neurons selectively responding to specific visual features such as object pose, category transformations, and class content.
424h agoArtificial intelligence chatbots can cause psychological harm, including destabilization of beliefs and dependence, particularly for individuals with mental health conditions, due to interactions with chatbot behaviors such as agreeableness and adaptability.
424h agoThe choice of feature encoding in music affects the perceived uncertainty and expectation of what comes next, with different encodings producing varying levels of uncertainty and accuracy in predicting musical transitions.
424h agoNeural networks' perceptual manifolds have much higher dimensions than human concepts, which leads to a huge gap between machine and human perception and makes adversarial attacks possible.
424h agoInertial effects influence vegetation pattern formation on sloped arid terrains by enlarging the region where uphill migrating vegetation bands emerge, affecting pattern migration speed, and changing the dynamical regime, and increase pulse speed in far-from-equilibrium conditions.
424h agoA framework for invariant reduction systematically computes how geometric structures are inherited by systems governing symmetry-invariant solutions, and it also describes how symmetries rescale these structures, leading to emergence or loss of invariance.
424h agoThe hyperelliptic al_ab functions are a potential solution to the nonlinear Schrodinger and complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equations.
424h agoSynchrony patterns in networks can include active and inactive clusters that coexist without relying on symmetrical arrangements, and these patterns emerge through symmetry breaking of synchronized clusters.
424h agoThe collective dynamics in a pulse-coupled adaptive Winfree network are shaped by a frustration parameter, leading to a variety of states including frequency-clustered states, entrainment, and chimera states.
424h agoAdaptive learning rules in a network of identical pendulum oscillators lead to a wide range of collective dynamical patterns, including solitary, chimera, and multi-cluster states.
424h agoSmooth solutions of the multidimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations can develop singularities in finite time when viscosity coefficients have a nonlinear power-law density dependence below a certain threshold.
424h agoA mathematical model shows that rule-breaking behaviors in societies persist due to a balance of individual benefits, institutional punishment, and social sanctions, and that changes in enforcement, social tolerance, or perceived benefits can shift the system across tipping points.
424h agoExceptional points in open quantum systems can be identified and characterized directly from the full Liouvillian generator using a symmetry-resolved approach.
424h agoA new framework predicts extreme events in complex systems by tracking transient instabilities to provide early warnings of impending events.
424h agoLocal commuting charges do not always display all-or-nothing behavior, with some systems having charges that exist for certain but not all values of locality.
424h agoVideos of the 2020 Beirut explosion show a shock wave, and frame-by-frame analysis of these videos matches the Landau-Whitham formula for the thickness of the overpressure layer.
424h agoThe interaction between a moving camphor disk and a stationary camphor source on a water surface creates an uneven speed in the moving disk, with its speed changing depending on whether it approaches or moves away from the stationary source.
424h agoPanda, a new model, accurately forecasts chaotic systems, including unseen ones, and predicts real-world experimental time series, after being trained on simulated data of 20,000 chaotic dynamical systems.
424h agoThe analysis of a quartic system with four degenerate minima reveals longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal instanton configurations that mediate tunneling between minima, leading to coherent Rabi-type oscillations and specific energy splittings.
424h agoA disordered interacting edge theory of a fractional topological insulator reveals three distinct phases with two possible conductance values per edge, and an interaction-induced insulating edge state can emerge with certain perturbations.
424h agoA subsystem can probe the ergodicity of dynamics through local observables, and changes in certain measures can indicate a transition to non-ergodic behaviour.
424h agoNon-Markovian environments reshape relaxation mechanisms in strongly correlated quantum many-body systems, producing a rich dynamical phase diagram with different regimes of relaxation.
424h agoA statistical-mechanical theory links the efficiency of decoding continuous variables in neural networks to geometric properties of neural manifolds, handling complex neural variability and revealing increasing decoding capacity along the monkey visual stream.
424h agoA model using Restricted Boltzmann Machines accurately reproduces the complex statistics of neural recordings from 1500-2000 neurons in the mouse brain, capturing higher-order dependencies and revealing coordination patterns in population activity.
424h agoA deep learning model called DOTA enables efficient and accurate simulations of surface chemistry by aligning experimental data with quantum chemistry calculations, minimizing the need for scarce high-precision training data.
424h agoThe unidirectional Hatano-Nelson chain has a complex eigenvalue spectrum that forms a single loop which splits into two loops as disorder increases, and its eigenstates are exponentially localized.
424h agoClassical algorithms outperform graph neural networks in solving hard optimization problems, according to a comparison using new benchmarks based on random problems.
424h agoClassifier-free guidance in diffusion models leads to a loss of diversity in generated samples, which is caused by a mismatch between the sampling distribution and the true conditional distribution.
424h agoNeural networks' perceptual manifolds have much higher dimensions than human concepts, which leads to a huge gap between machine and human perception and makes adversarial attacks possible.
424h agoPerinatal HIV exposure is associated with changes in immune development, brain chemistry, and school readiness in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected.
424h agoMice with synucleinopathy showed increased instability in their gait and tail movements, and a combined analysis of gait and pose can provide sensitive measures for detecting motor problems.
424h agoA risk-sensitive model with asymmetric learning rates best explains human behavior in decision-making tasks under uncertainty, where people update their expectations differently after gains and losses.
424h agoCognitive reappraisal, a strategy to change the way one thinks about a situation, activates similar brain regions when used to regulate responses to food and negative emotions, but also shows domain-specific effects.
424h agoA macaque retina simulator provides biologically plausible spike trains for downstream visual cortex simulations, allowing for the development of thalamocortical primate model systems of vision.
428h agoAtto 643 carboxy is a highly specific marker for astrocytes that labels them with minimal labeling of oligodendrocytes, enabling robust imaging of astrocyte morphology and distribution in brain tissue.
428h agoThe mechanosensory component Ppa-mec-2 is required for touch response but not for prey detection in the nematode Pristionchus pacificus, allowing for functional specialization in mechanosensory pathways.
428h agoOverexpressing the Kcnn1 gene increases survival and decreases protein build-up in mice with a genetic model of Parkinson's disease.
428h agoZebrafish offer a effective model for screening potential drugs for neurodegenerative diseases and 37 compounds, mostly natural, are being investigated as possible therapies to treat 9 prevalent diseases by targeting mitochondrial metabolism.
428h agoHigher-order interactions among neurons reveal neural network dynamics and circuit motifs that distinguish brain states and underlie neural activity patterns.
428h agoThis paper provides a concise introduction to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and their use in neuroscience, using minimal mathematics, neuroscientific analogies, and Python code examples.
428h agoPeople learn through forming and updating internal models of their environment, and this process is driven more by conservative updating and repetition of prior beliefs than by errors.
428h agoColor discrimination in three dimensions can be mapped in a spatially smooth and highly structured way across RGB space, with locally varying grain size and systematic chromatic asymmetries.
432h agoLenient censoring of high-motion data in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) better preserves individual-specific information for personalized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targets and cortical parcellations than strict censoring.
432h agoA reference atlas of the Danionella cerebrum brain was created, providing a common coordinate system for integrating structural, molecular, and functional data, and revealing pronounced sex differences in multiple brain regions.
432h agoThe Vps35 p.D620N mutation drives a chronic pro-inflammatory microglial phenotype with heightened innate immune signaling, lysosomal stress, and enhanced phagocytic activity, which may promote synaptic remodeling and neurodegenerative vulnerability in Parkinson's disease.
432h agoA unified hierarchical framework called GAMLSS effectively removes cohort effects and preserves biological signals in large-scale neuroimaging data, offering a flexible alternative to existing methods.
432h agoDark-adapting rod photoreceptors diverge into two distinct lineages with different molecular programs, involving MYC-driven anabolism, RNA splicing regulation, and LKB1-AMPK energy sensing.
432h agoSudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) practice induces measurable neural modulation that is most robustly captured in frequency-domain and network-level EEG representations.
432h agoThe FIDELITY pipeline preserves tissue structure and enhances imaging of whole tissue samples, allowing for more accurate 3D analysis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and glioma.
432h agoInstructNA uses nucleic acid large language models with HT-SELEX to generate functional nucleic acids for designing aptamers that target various molecules.
436h agoA unified framework for brain MRI tissue segmentation and region parcellation works across the lifespan and performs consistently across different datasets.
436h agoDistinct CA1 neuron ensembles are active during specific moments of fear learning and form a core engram essential for memory formation.
440h agoBrain network architecture balances cooperation and competition across circuits, with models that include competition being more realistic, personalized, and effective.
440h agoGABAB receptor activation regulates the plasticity of somatostatin-expressing interneurons, leading to changes in circuit function and disruption of contextual memory formation.
440h agoThe claustrum, a subcortical nucleus, plays a key role in flexible decision-making by representing reward values and interacting with the frontal cortex.
440h agoImpaired oxidative phosphorylation is a molecular hallmark of mTOR-related epilepsies, potentially contributing to focal hypometabolism.
440h agoThe fusiform face area develops in connection with higher-order social brain regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex and superior temporal sulcus, in children aged 3-12 years.
440h agoThe substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) continuously regulates the stability and movement of skilled actions, rather than just permitting actions through disinhibition.
440h agoReduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability is linked to addiction vulnerability, and altering D2 receptors in specific brain cells affects cocaine-seeking behavior and dopamine balance.
440h agoMitochondrial ATP production is triggered by synaptic input in specific parts of neurons, and this ATP is delivered precisely to where it is needed to meet energy demands.
440h agoThe medial entorhinal cortex develops internal maps of space, with grid cells and head-direction cells forming periodic patterns, before sensory experience and exploration, around 10 days after birth.
440h agoImprovements in statistical learning during childhood and adolescence reflect reorganization of hippocampal representations and interactions between the hippocampus and frontoparietal cortex.
440h agoPhysical activity is associated with brain function and structure, particularly in motor- and attention-related networks, and provides substantial predictive information for cardiometabolic disease risk.
440h agoA new method called SPICE accurately determines the statistical significance of spatial associations between brain maps by accounting for spatial autocorrelation.
444h agoProgressive skull regrowth limits the performance of transcranial optical windows, reducing imaging quality and resolution, but a localized glucocorticoid delivery strategy can extend window performance for up to a month.
444h agoTgF344-AD rats gain more weight than wildtype littermates, with female rats ingesting more energy, gaining more weight on a high-fat diet, and having lower thermogenic function, while male rats have unclear causes for their weight gain, and Alzheimer's-like pathology correlates with glucose dysregulation and energy homeostasis in a sex-specific manner.
444h agoA novel method based on nonlinear system identification accurately detects and characterises phase-amplitude coupling in neural signals, offering a robust framework for analysing memory and attention processes.
448h agoDiffusive credit signaling improves learning in neural networks by allowing neurons to learn from local error information, even with sparse and imprecise feedback.
448h agoA compact dynamical mean-field theory describes the behavior of large networks of coupled phase oscillators interacting with both coherent mean-field coupling and quenched randomness.
448h agoBrains are unmatched in recognizing and generating complex patterns, but a new approach unifies different methods to help artificial intelligence learn like the brain.
448h agoA novel spiking control framework with realistic biological characteristics enables efficient and robust state estimation and action computation by constraining free energy.
448h agoThe curvature blindness illusion occurs because the brain processes visual information in two ways: it separates light and dark areas and it breaks up orientations, resulting in zigzags when viewing alternating contrast patterns on a gray background.
448h agoTemporal point processes can be used to sample from discrete distributions, and a new method constructs a multivariate temporal point process that converges to a target distribution.
448h agoAdding a dreaming phase to the clipped Hopfield model improves its memorization capacity and makes searching for optimal performance more realistic.
448h agoSubjective cognitive decline is linked to weaker brain responses to speech with normal intonation, especially when it comes to processing complex linguistic features.
448h agoA novel associative memory network with a threshold nonlinearity enables exponential memory storage capacity in both visible and hidden neurons by allowing distributed representations across hidden units.
448h agoLangevinFlow, a new model, captures both intrinsic network dynamics and external influences on neural populations by incorporating physical priors and outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in modeling complex neural population dynamics.
448h agoA score-based generative model using stochastic Kuramoto dynamics captures coherent angular directional patterns in images like fingerprints and textures by synchronizing and desynchronizing phase variables through oscillator interactions.
448h agoCentipedes actively adjust their body stiffness to match their stepping rate to achieve coordinated movement, rapid speed, and efficient locomotion.
448h agoA new family of wave and soliton solutions is constructed for the Ablowitz-Ladik equations, exhibiting a nonlinear dependence on time and site number.
448h agoA numerical simulation reveals that a Z(3) spin system in a 3D lattice exhibits a complicated behavior with a second-order phase transition, hybrid universality classes, and a weak first-order phase transition.
448h agoIntegrable Hamiltonian systems can exhibit regular or irregular behavior when their initial conditions have boundaries, depending on the specific problem.
448h agoInstability fronts in conservative nonlinear wave systems propagate with maximal group velocity according to the Whitham method.
448h agoThe Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation has a layered organization of state space where multiple invariant sets coexist and are selected by the initial condition, allowing chaotic attractors and periodic orbits to be generated by amplifying a single initial condition.
448h agoThe photon ring of a Kerr black hole has a self-similar structure that persists in phase space, and dynamics near the photon shell are controlled by a Lyapunov exponent, but chaos only sets in when the spacetime is deformed away from the Kerr geometry.
448h agoThe Toda-like Hamiltonian dynamics exhibits both classical and quantum stability, with analytical solutions showing that quantum distortions can coexist with classical evolution at different scales.
448h agoOptimization under realistic constraints shapes network architecture, producing canonical features such as sparse and bipartite structures, that optimize dynamics like synchronization, communication, and entanglement distribution.
448h agoThe Boltzmann weight assigned to a tetrahedron solves the tetrahedron equation in a class of state integral models on shaped pseudo 3-manifolds.
448h agoScientists create and control magnetic multi-soliton states in a special type of gas and observe their breakdown when slightly disturbed.
448h agoA compact dynamical mean-field theory describes the behavior of large networks of coupled phase oscillators interacting with both coherent mean-field coupling and quenched randomness.
448h agoAn external magnetic field affects the long-range electron transport in quasi-one-dimensional materials by influencing the dynamics of large polarons, with the impact depending on both the field strength and the properties of the solitons.
448h agoThe ground-state integral equation of the quantum lattice nonlinear Schrödinger model exhibits a doubly singular behavior in the weak-coupling limit, with a peak density that diverges logarithmically with a constant.
448h agoTurbulence dissipation lags large-scale kinetic energy injection events by different times in subsonic and supersonic regimes, and is correlated with vorticity squared in subsonic flows and with density in supersonic flows.
448h agoThis thesis analyzes soliton dynamics, focusing on internal modes of kinks, oscillons, vortices, and sphalerons, and develops effective models to capture their behavior.
448h agoA mathematical model shows that a deformable droplet floating on a liquid surface can move through diffusiophoresis driven by surface tension gradients, and it can have three stable states: stationary and circular, stationary and elliptical, or moving with an elliptical shape aligned with its motion.
448h agoCoupled chaotic Lorenz oscillators exhibit both coherence and anti-coherence resonance phenomena when the coupling strength is varied, and these effects occur simultaneously.
448h agoThe Jacobian determinant reveals a geometric layer in phase-space organization of conservative billiard systems, showing structured domains of local expansion and contraction that balance globally.
448h agoDeep learning techniques can be used to develop a precise time-stepping approach for multiscale systems, allowing for state-of-the-art predictive accuracy at lower computational costs.
448h agoThe integrable systems approach uses theta functions of Jacobians to provide solutions to the KP equation and explain Krichever's proof of Welters' trisecant conjecture.
448h agoThe Bureau-Guillot systems with Painlevé transcendent coefficients are birationally equivalent, and one related system can be transformed into a Hamiltonian system via iterative polynomial regularisation.
448h agoScientists construct quantum-integrable spin chains with long-range interactions by "freezing" integrable quantum many-body systems with spins, resulting in a range of integrable spin chains, including the Heisenberg and Haldane-Shastry chains.
448h agoBiological rate-temperature relationships often deviate from simple Arrhenius behavior, and are instead described by various phenomenological models that define operational quantities such as optimal temperatures and thermal limits.
448h agoNetwork-level models provide a mechanistic link between temperature response curves and the molecular organization of biological systems.
448h agoThe spherical Hopfield model for pattern recognition shows that a spin glass phase emerges at lower temperatures, where patterns and correlations appear, and this phase can also occur at small loading capacity.
448h agoAdding a dreaming phase to the clipped Hopfield model improves its memorization capacity and makes searching for optimal performance more realistic.
448h agoA compact dynamical mean-field theory describes the behavior of large networks of coupled phase oscillators interacting with both coherent mean-field coupling and quenched randomness.
448h agoA new quantum optimization algorithm approximates the ground state of classical Ising Hamiltonians by decomposing the problem into independent subproblems and treating their interactions through a common environment.
448h agoIn systems lacking translation symmetry, the local Hall conductivity increases with non-magnetic potential disorder, enhancing the Chern insulating state and topological Anderson insulator phases.
448h agoLoss of Scn4b expression contributes to Huntington's disease pathogenesis, and overexpression of Scn4b rescues HD-associated phenotypes, including motor and cognitive deficits, by modulating gene expression and improving neuronal function.
448h agoThe prelimbic cortex encodes emotional value through a stable subnetwork of neurons that preserves its identity over time, allowing for flexible generalization and long-term memory stability.
448h agoThe Stiefel Manifold Dynamical System (SMDS) model captures neural dynamics more accurately than linear dynamical systems by accounting for gradual changes in the brain's representation of the external world.
448h agoThe radioligand [18F]UCB-F does not suitably bind to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2C in living organisms, limiting its use for imaging SV2C in Parkinson's disease.
448h agoA reward function called TANGO is developed to enforce building blocks in generative artificial intelligence for creating high-value materials with improved synthesizability.
452h agoA hybrid deep reinforcement learning method shows that one cortical network can automatically switch between multiple behavioral strategies depending on task demands.
452h agoCNNs use units that are not specialized for detecting numbers to represent numerosity, the ability to perceive and estimate the number of items in a visual scene.
452h agoNeuropeptides play a key role in helping American lobsters adapt to temperature changes by reconfiguring their presence in different neural tissues.
452h agoHippocampal-dependent navigation can be controlled by habits that are insensitive to outcome value, even when the hippocampus is involved in forming the navigation route.
452h agoDistinct cell-type specific patterns in gene expression differentiate areas of the brain involved in seizures from areas not involved, and disruption of normal brain cell interactions drives seizure activity in epilepsy.
452h agoEmotion regulation parameters extracted from heart rate variability data collected via consumer wearables are associated with anxiety symptoms, with fast rebound appearing protective even for highly reactive individuals.
452h agoTraditional Chinese Medicine herbs Valeriana jatamansi, Acori tatarinowii, Fructus Schisandrae, and Scutellaria baicalensis, and a formulation combining them, reduce Amyloid-beta toxicity in Alzheimer's disease models by activating a key protective pathway.
456h agoHuman microglia and microglia-like cells derived from stem cells have a different K+ channel activity than mouse microglia, with Kir2.1 channels activated only after stimulation and no Kv currents present.
456h agoArc protein interacts with Mbnl1 RNA in an activity-dependent manner, facilitating transsynaptic transfer of Mbnl1 RNA through extracellular vesicles, which may play a role in neurodevelopment.
456h agoThe prelimbic cortex to anterior cingulate cortex pathway regulates pain processing and behavior by reducing pain aversion through feedforward inhibition of pain-sensing neurons.
456h agoThe geniculostriate visual pathway dominates reflexive oculomotor inhibition, and visual signals bypassing this pathway are not as central as previously thought.
456h agoMultitasking can facilitate performance when tasks have little interference with each other.
456h agoFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) captures key features of large-scale brain organization and connectivity similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), supporting its use as a portable alternative.
456h agoHormonal changes during the menstrual cycle alter large-scale brain activation patterns, and these changes are linked to fluctuations in hormone levels and predict individual changes in psychological well-being.
456h agoHearing loss affects the volume of the hippocampus in the brain, and tinnitus affects the volume and surface area of certain brain regions, including the posterior cingulate gyrus and medial occipito-temporal gyrus.
456h agoThe ventrolateral preoptic nucleus contains a diverse range of astrocytes, including ones with unusual structures and functions, that form a highly connected network to support non-rapid eye movement sleep.
456h agoPatients who became seizure-free after surgery had specific brain abnormalities localized to certain areas, whereas those who didn't become seizure-free had more scattered abnormalities, and the overlap between removed tissue and abnormal brain areas predicted seizure freedom.
456h agoSV2C, a synaptic protein, is linked to Parkinson's disease and a PET radioligand, [11C]UCB-1A, was developed to image SV2C, potentially enabling early diagnosis and assessment of disease progression.
456h agoEEG analysis reveals that Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease have distinct spectral signatures, characterized by spectral slowing and increased variability in key spectral features, which can distinguish them from healthy controls.
456h agoTDP-43 mutation causes microglial dysfunction, including impaired phagocytosis and elevated oxidative stress, and the dopamine D2 receptor agonist ropinirole mitigates these abnormalities by regulating the PI3K-mTOR pathway.
456h agoArtificial Neural Networks accurately detect interictal epileptiform discharges in EEG data, achieving a top accuracy of 0.98 in signal space and 0.84 in source space.
456h agoDamage to specific areas of the right frontal brain, particularly the anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, is linked to increased subjective happiness in people with traumatic brain injuries.
456h agoAutoimmune neuroinflammation causes neuronal death through MIF nuclease-mediated parthanatos.
460h agoElectrical transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (E-taVNS) enhances working memory performance in healthy young adults, while ultrasound taVNS (U-taVNS) shows a similar trend but with less effect.
460h agoCombining psilocybin with a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor reduces psychedelic effects while preserving its antidepressant efficacy, suggesting a promising new treatment direction for depression.
460h agoNeuroimaging markers can track cognitive changes within individuals with ADHD over time, and also explain differences in cognitive functioning between individuals and age-related cognitive development.
460h agoMovement reduces tactile sensitivity, but focusing attention on the movement goal helps maintain precision during passive movements.
460h agoThe hippocampus replays memories to prioritize experiences that accelerate learning for efficient decision making through attractor dynamics that enable biased sampling of memories.
460h agoInflammatory arthritis pain stems from sustained interferon-driven MNK1/MNK2–elF4E signaling that sensitizes joint-innervating neurons.
464h agoVisual neurons drive AI models to compete in generating features that neurons prefer, forming shared local patterns and shifting neuronal preference from texture to object structure over time.
464h agoA digital twin of the human brain integrating individual neuroanatomy and dynamics can recreate a person's specific brain network patterns and predict their symptom trajectories.
464h agoKetamine disconnects key brain cells called backbone units, silencing brain networks, but repeated exposure causes the brain to adapt, reducing the effect.
464h agoTask-based fMRI data better predict the functional organization of the brain during mental tasks than resting-state fMRI data, especially when the tasks are diverse.
464h agoHuman midbrain-hindbrain organoids with cortical organoids form a new system that models serotonin dynamics and neuropsychiatric disease, allowing for study of abnormal serotonin activity and testing of treatments.
464h agoChildren with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) have distinct atypical low-frequency neural dynamics during speech encoding.
464h agoSuppressing fast-spiking interneurons in the anteromedial shell of the nucleus accumbens induces convulsive seizures, identifying this region as a critical hub for convulsive seizure generation in STXBP1- or SCN2A-associated epilepsies.
464h agoParvalbumin-expressing cortical interneurons can be generated efficiently and reproducibly in vitro within 50 days of differentiation without forced gene expression or cell sorting.
464h agoA comprehensive benchmark of 106 M/EEG inverse solvers reveals that no single method dominates all scenarios, with subspace and hybrid methods excelling at multi-source and extended-source recovery, and Bayesian methods leading under focal and noisy conditions.
468h agoOptogenetic stimulation of retinal ganglion cells produces different responses to natural images than photoreceptor stimulation, but modifying the images can make the responses more similar.
468h agoInhibitory callosal coupling and prefrontal working-memory buffer synergy are required for functional lateralization in a miniature brain transformer architecture, with the prefrontal buffer acting as a symmetry-breaker.
472h agoVisual cognition is accompanied by slowly propagating polarization waves in cortical tissue that have a propagation speed of about 1.5 cm/s.
472h agoLearning a new task increases redundancy in brain responses, which in turn increases the information carried by individual neurons.
472h agoRECAP, a bio-inspired learning strategy, enables robust image classification by combining untrained reservoir dynamics with self-organizing Hebbian prototype readout, allowing it to remain robust under diverse corruptions.
472h agoLarge language models can be induced to exhibit antisocial personality traits, similar to humans, through minimal fine-tuning, revealing a latent persona structure that can lead to misaligned behaviors.
472h agoA new computer model combines musculoskeletal simulation, reinforcement learning, and electromyography synthesis to simulate neural control and adaptability in virtual humans.
472h agoCentipedes actively adjust their body stiffness to achieve fast and efficient movement, with their lateral muscles playing a speed-dependent role in maintaining coordination between leg movements and body curvature.
472h agoLarge language models generate accurate captions that describe the selectivity of brain voxels, offering insights into human visual representations throughout the visual cortex.
472h agoCausal Inference in Time Series (CITS) accurately identifies causal pathways in complex systems, including neural networks, by modelling dynamics and testing for conditional independence.
472h agoCombining deep learning with Dynamic Input Conductances (DICs) allows for fast and scalable reconstruction of degenerate neuronal populations directly from spike times, enabling investigation into how neurons use conductance variability for reliable computation.
472h agoAI chatbots can produce concerning responses to users discussing mental health, with risks varying depending on the user's vulnerability and conversation history.
472h agoNeuroFlowNet, a novel cross-modal generative framework, reconstructs high-fidelity intracranial electroencephalography signals from non-invasive scalp electroencephalography signals, capturing complex waveforms and random characteristics of deep brain activity.
472h agoThe identity of a speaker influences language comprehension by modulating perception and expectation through the interplay of bottom-up and top-down processes.
472h agoA new geometric deep learning model based on transformer architecture accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease and predicts brain amyloid positivity, improving diagnosis accuracy without needing expensive and invasive PET scans.
472h agoA new mechanism called pseudo-coherence drives collective organization in stochastic systems, leading to intermittent phase alignment and synchronization-like behavior without intrinsic oscillators.
472h agoDissipation in nonlinear evolution equations leads to attractor collapse and loss of dynamical richness, but a geometric framework called Covariant Multi-Scale Negative Coupling Systems prevents finite-dimensional degeneration and maintains high-dimensional attractors.
472h agoThis paper presents a simple construction of algebro-geometric solutions to the Gelfand--Dickey hierarchy based on the $A_n$-type infinite ODE system and Dubrovin's method.
472h agoThe Jacobian determinant reveals a geometric layer in phase-space organization of static billiard systems, showing domains of local expansion and contraction that balance globally.
472h agoChaos can emerge in dynamical systems without spectral criticality, through a mechanism involving non-normality that leads to transient amplification and a positive maximal Lyapunov exponent.
472h agoThree eigenfunction constraints of two 2+1-dimensional differential-difference integrable systems give rise to semi-discrete integrable hierarchies, including a semi-discrete Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur hierarchy and a combined semi-discrete Burgers hierarchy.
472h agoThe general bright-dark soliton solutions to the coupled Sasa-Satsuma equation are derived using the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili reduction method.
472h agoSophie Kowalevski's paper on the Kovalevskaya Top was originally written in French and published in 1889.
472h agoTwo new symbolic forecasters, SyNF and SyTF, learn explicit algebraic equations from chaotic time series data, providing transparent and interpretable predictions that reveal underlying dynamics.
472h agoThe dynamics of a two-dimensional vertical falling film can be formulated in terms of interface evolution, revealing a range of interfacial behaviors, including travelling waves and chaotic regimes, that evolve onto an inertial manifold with approximately linear growth.
472h agoRewards for trustworthy behavior do not always promote trust, and moderate rewards can help build trust, but excessive rewards can ultimately suppress it.
472h agoA one-parameter family of coupled Dirac-scalar field theories is integrable in (1+1) dimensions, interpolating between the Dirac-sinh-Gordon and Dirac-sine-Gordon systems.
472h agoThe Taguchi method helps optimize nonlinear pulse propagation in optical fibers by quickly converging to desired pulse parameters using orthogonal arrays.
472h agoChaos theory's math was largely understood 70 years before its founding, but was ignored due to a strict form of empiricism that labeled it "useless" and "meaningless".
472h agoThe Kuramoto model's d-dimensional generalization shows that oscillators on a network synchronize when their frequency matrices are identical and the network structure meets a coherence condition.
472h agoThe anomalous dispersion segment in soliton-similariton fiber lasers causes their operational stability, maintaining continuous mode-locking for weeks by supporting the soliton and increasing the stability margin.
472h agoThe study finds that chaotic synchronization in a neuron model with electromagnetic induction and a switchable memristive autapse can be achieved with asymptotic stability when the memristive switching remains dissipative and practical stability with an explicit ultimate bound under non-dissipative switching.
472h agoA new framework called smooth prototype equivalences helps characterize the long-term behavior of dynamical systems from limited measurements by matching observations to typical behaviors using neural networks.
472h agoUsing large learning rates shifts the optimization of artificial neural networks from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, which can accelerate training.
472h agoA generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation provides a nonlinear framework for studying two-dimensional attractive Bose systems, allowing calculations of system properties and predicting universal bound states, breathing modes, and excited states.
472h agoThe half-wave maps equation has a unique and continuous flow map for data in the critical energy space, with solutions showing almost periodicity in time and quasi-periodicity for rational initial data.
472h agoPoisson algebras of Coulomb branches in 3d gauge theories provide structures that reproduce the equations of motion of spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider models.
472h agoA new type of topology is demonstrated in photonic scattering networks, where two-dimensional non-Abelian band topology is realized experimentally, exhibiting unique topological phenomena and edge states.
472h agoHierarchically patterned layers in bi-layer composites can localize failure at the interface and enhance interface toughness by dissipating elastic energy in a buffer region.
472h agoLocalization transitions in non-Hermitian quasiperiodic Hamiltonians persist in the semiclassical limit, but their classical origin does not universally match the quantum critical point.
472h agoScientists learn the dynamics of open many-body quantum systems by using a maximum-likelihood method on Pauli measurements taken at multiple transient times.
472h agoUrban land cover doubled between 1985 and 2015, and urban expansion is a complex process driven by interactions between population growth, infrastructure, institutions, and market failures.
472h agoA slow Arrhenius process in amorphous glass-forming polymers represents the high-temperature limit of an alpha-like process in a fluid of dynamically correlated clusters.
472h agoModerate random spatial truncation does not change the hyperuniformity classification of disordered systems, and modest reciprocal-space radial pooling effectively smooths spurious fluctuations without changing the classification.
472h agoA simple local reluctant search algorithm performs as well as a sophisticated message-passing algorithm in optimizing spin glass models, but its runtime depends on the distribution of entries in the coupling matrix.
472h agoThe free energy of a class of spin glass models with p-spin interactions in a transverse magnetic field converges to that of the quantum random energy model as p approaches infinity.
472h agoUsing large learning rates shifts the optimization of artificial neural networks from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, which can accelerate training.
472h agoHeating and cooling 2D materials on textured substrates causes irreversible changes in their electronic properties due to breakdown of van der Waals bonds.
472h agoA novel mechanism enables topological transitions in non-Hermitian systems controlled by system size through a new approach called exceptional-bound band engineering.
472h agoThe new method captures the mechanical response of glassy polymers, such as shear modulus and relaxation spectrum, across a wide range of frequencies, from hundreds of terahertz to millihertz.
472h agoTwo quantum-classical hybrid methods simulate the time-dependence of electron-phonon systems, treating electronic correlations exactly and optical-phonon degrees of freedom classically, and show that classical oscillators coupled to strongly disordered systems lead to delocalization.
472h agoChess960 starting positions show a near-universal first-move advantage for White, and the complexity of openings varies greatly, with small changes in piece arrangement substantially altering strategic depth and competitive balance.
472h agoThe infinite random Heisenberg XXZ spin-$\frac12$ chain exhibits slow propagation of information in any energy interval.
472h agoInfrared nerve stimulation evokes compound action potentials in ex vivo preparations of rat sciatic nerves, allowing for millisecond-scale activation of peripheral nerves without electrical artifacts.
472h agoSpatial reward learning produces strong reward signals in the brain, but it does not lead to long-lasting changes in spatial priority, and its effects do not transfer well to other tasks.
472h agoInternal brain states predict and shape spontaneous animal behavior, with specific brain circuits engaged before the behavior starts, independent of the type of behavior.
472h agoFunctional MRS measurements of metabolic changes associated with neuronal activation are biased by spectral lineshape changes, but this bias can be reduced to less than 0.2% by correcting for BOLD linewidth changes.
472h agoModel-based Pavlovian responding plays a key role in Pavlovian-instrumental transfer, and internal cognitive states like mind wandering selectively impair this type of responding.
476h agoIgfn1-positive cells develop into type-7 bipolar cells, which are direction-selective, by postnatal day 15, and Igfn1iCre can be used as a tool to access these cells during their development.
476h agoThe rotating tilted lines illusion can be used to estimate the population receptive field in vision, providing similar results to fMRI and electrophysiology methods.
476h agoC1QL3 protein is localized to specific synapses in the brain, positioned to play a role in trans-synaptic complexes, and its expression is mapped to various brain regions.
476h agoIncreased skin greenness is a reliable objective indicator of motion sickness severity, particularly after exposure to sensory conflict paradigms such as virtual reality and parabolic flight.
476h agoRise time prolongation leads to a decrease in the amplitude of the main ERP components and an increase in their latencies.
476h agoLimb-selective regions in both the ventral and lateral temporal lobes shrink from childhood to adulthood, with this change particularly pronounced in the left hemisphere of the lateral temporal lobe.
476h agoThe brain can harm the heart through certain neural pathways.
480h agoExercise factors produced by the liver improve blood vessels in the brain.
480h agoNo change needed, as there is no paragraph to summarize. The text appears to be a citation and publication information. If you'd like to add a paragraph to summarize, I'd be happy to help!
480h agoAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) shares developmental programs with other conditions.
480h agoPoTS maps reaction transition states inside zeolite pores, explaining differences in catalytic selectivity and informing zeolite design.
480h agoA novel event, such as an innovative neuroscience lesson, boosts memory retrieval and divergent thinking in high school students, but only when the event occurs immediately before a memory test or divergent thinking task.
480h agoGreater variability in the timing of visual cortical responses in infancy is associated with higher cognitive and language skills at 24 months.
480h agoThalamic activity changes track cortical network dynamics associated with seizure propagation, showing increased broadband power and low-frequency rhythmic activity across the thalamocortical network during seizures.
480h agoAging degrades neuronal structure and function, but cholecystokinin-like neuropeptide signaling helps preserve neuronal integrity over adult life by protecting against excessive dendritic branching and declines in proprioceptive function.
480h agoScientists identified genetic elements that control the activity of pain-sensing nerve cells and used them to develop a tool that reduces the excitability of these cells, which could lead to new treatments for chronic pain.
480h agoAutomated patch clamp recording combined with optogenetic stimulation can distinguish subtypes of DRG neurons that express NaV1.8 and TRPV1.
480h agoDigital media engagement affects the brain's anterior insular cortex, a region involved in integrating social and emotional information.
480h agoDeep learning models for motor imagery brain-computer interfaces improve overall performance and help subjects with less distinguishable brain patterns, but may reflect existing disparities in brain signal patterns between sexes rather than causing them.
480h agoExpectations bias perception towards expected events early on, but later enhance perception of unexpected events that are informative for learning.
480h agoExpectations can change the activity of certain nerve fibers that transmit pain signals, making them less responsive to painful stimuli.
480h agoAmacrine cells in the vertebrate retina have evolved into 42 distinct types through a process of co-evolution with retinal ganglion cells, with their diversity reflecting adaptations to different visual environments.
480h agoMice with diverse genetic backgrounds exhibit different social behaviors due to distinct neural network activities in the brain, with selfish mice showing elevated activity in areas linked to self-interest.
484h agoMitochondrial transfer from astrocytes to neurons, mediated by specialized extracellular vesicles, is reduced in Alzheimer's disease and this pathway normally supports synaptic energy homeostasis by promoting fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation.
484h agoMajor depressive disorder is associated with disruptions in brain networks, including hyperconnectivity within sensorimotor and temporal areas, and hypoconnectivity from higher cognitive networks.
484h agoThe brain builds behavior by chaining actions and perceptions into precisely timed sequences, and researchers found that inhibitory timing acts as the brain's internal clock to advance sequences while enforcing error-corrected precision.
484h agoThe hippocampal-entorhinal system can construct cognitive maps that support both spatial and non-spatial tasks, and this ability can be used for abstract reasoning.
484h agoTheta sweeps in the entorhinal grid cells are topographically organised along the dorsoventral axis of the medial entorhinal cortex, with the positional signal changing from smaller to larger scale from dorsal to ventral modules.
484h agoThe selection of creative ideas is driven by the brain's valuation system, which compares the values of candidate ideas like it does in economic decisions.
484h agoA new metric, the Sliding Refractory Period metric, estimates artifactual contamination in electrophysiological recordings without needing to know the neuron's refractory period duration, improving quantification of contamination across diverse brain regions and species.
484h agoArousal fluctuations trigger a brain-wide hemodynamic wave that follows a subcortex-to-cortex gradient, and this wave appears to be independent of noradrenergic tone.
484h agoPhosphorylation of SORL1's cytoplasmic tail by ROCK2 reduces its affinity to retromer, and inhibiting RhoGEF12, an upstream activator of ROCK2, increases endosomal SORL1-retromer and reduces Alzheimer's disease indicators.
484h agoAstrocytes are activated by top-down input from the anterior piriform cortex, but not by bottom-up input from olfactory sensory neurons, through a mechanism involving action potential-dependent ATP release.
484h agoHuman cortical folding patterns are linked to genetic variants, with rare and common variants affecting sulcal complexity, and specific genes and pathways are identified that influence cortical morphogenesis.
484h agoHumans adjust to changing social strategies by updating their beliefs, and this process is linked to a specific neural signature.
488h agoATXN1 family genes play essential roles in development, neuroimmune regulation, sensorimotor behavior, and retinal signaling, with ATXN1a, ATXN1b, and ATXN1l having both shared and distinct functions.
492h agoMDMA increases spine density and induces prefrontal structural and functional plasticity, which facilitates the brain's ability to suppress fear behavior during extinction.
492h agoBrain activity can be broken down into behavior-related and internal computations, and a new modeling approach called behavior-decomposed linear dynamical systems (b-dLDS) can disentangle these two types of computations.
496h agoThe CODEC method decomposes neural network behavior into sparse motifs of hidden-neuron contributions, revealing causal processes that drive network outputs and enabling greater control and interpretation of intermediate layers.
496h agoA new method, called DE-AC, reliably detects the onset of period-doubling bifurcation in cardiac systems, predicting potentially dangerous alternating rhythms in the heart.
496h agoA new approach combines local reduced order modelling with adjoint-based optimization to efficiently optimize spatiotemporally chaotic systems.
496h agoSpiral waves in reaction-diffusion systems interact through a force that determines their drift velocity, with the force being proportional to the wave's response, which depends on its region of influence and changes over time.
496h agoDecreasing the fractional power α in the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with harmonic confinement systematically shifts bifurcation curves, fragments stability windows for excited states, and affects coherence and instability in different ways depending on the regime.
496h agoMaxwell fronts exist and have stability properties in discrete nonlinear systems with competing nonlinearities, and their behavior and stability change across different coupling regimes.
496h agoA macroscopic phase in oscillator networks with time-varying coupling becomes well-defined only when it is robustly estimable, which happens when a threshold controlled by network size and order parameter is met.
496h agoThe motion of compressible fluid on a rotating sphere is studied, presenting hodograph equations that provide a class of solutions to the Euler equation parameterized by two arbitrary functions.
496h agoNonlinear magnetoelastic wave dynamics in hexagonal multiferroic media evolve from quasiperiodic oscillations to strongly anharmonic multimode dynamics as magnetoelastic coupling strength increases.
496h agoTemperature gradients drive the formation of steady-state convective patterns in systems with attractive particles through a mechanism involving the emergence of a dominant unstable mode.
496h agoThe isotropic six-vertex model's height function converges to a properly scaled full-plane Gaussian free field in the scaling limit with certain weights.
496h agoThe spectral transform is a birational isomorphism of integrable systems when the convex integral polygon is a standard triangle of side length d.
496h agoThe Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation could transition to a weak state as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase, leading to centennial oscillations and potentially diverging climate trajectories.
496h agoThe phase space of Calogero--Moser--Sutherland integrable systems corresponding to Lie groups $SU(n)$ decomposes into symplectic strata of dimensions $2s$, where $s = 0, 1, \ldots, n - 1$.
496h agoA driven particle system with multiple lanes shows a robust dynamical exponent of 3/2 for the umbilic mode, indicating a new universality class with long-lived hydrodynamic modes.
496h agoTensor networks with random and fluctuating parameters behave like a thermal quantum Hall system, exhibiting phases such as localized phases, quantum Hall criticality, and a robust thermal metal.
496h agoThe Heisenberg perturbation breaks down topological order in the toric code and drives a phase transition to an antiferromagnetic N\'eel phase.
496h agoPredictive coding graphs define a mathematical superset of feedforward artificial neural networks, positioning them more strongly within machine learning.
496h agoThe maximal energy of a spin glass with +/-1 spins has large deviations above its typical value that follow an asymptotically quadratic rate function when an external magnetic field is present.
496h agoThe optimal threshold for quantum error correcting codes is determined by optimising over all possible recovery schemes, which can be described by quantum channels.
496h agoThe density of complex resonance poles in a one-dimensional disordered sample can be evaluated using an analytic approach that links the density of resonances to the distribution of the reflection coefficient at complex energies.
496h agoPredictive coding networks offer a promising framework for future machine learning innovations by combining neuroscience-inspired approaches with more biologically plausible algorithms.
496h agoThe system exhibits a dimensional crossover in equilibrium, and confinement modifies the non-equilibrium dynamics of a tracer particle pulled through a disordered medium, affecting its diffusion coefficient and fluctuation behavior.
496h agoGraph Neural Networks struggle with harder Boolean Satisfiability Problems because their design is limited by oversquashing, which is linked to the negative curvature of the graph representation of the problem.
496h agoPhotonic neuromorphic networks can process information efficiently and in real-time without converting optical signals to electrical signals, by using a purely photonic deep network architecture with a local feedback mechanism and Hebbian learning rule.
496h agoLesion network mapping results, including a symptom-based variant, lack disease specificity and instead reflect the brain's fundamental sensorimotor-association organizational axis.
504h agoMusculoskeletal simulations in lower-limb cycling biomechanics are mainly used to investigate bicycle-rider configuration, neuromuscular coordination, and electrical stimulation control, but are limited by small, predominantly male cohorts and inconsistent reporting standards.
504h agoFaster stimulation protocols produce similar results to traditional protocols, reducing testing time by 60%, and combining classical analysis with multivariate classification provides a powerful framework for mapping somatosensory representations across the body.
504h agoThe gentle touch receptor neurons in the body wall of Caenorhabditis elegans are sensitive to dynamic surface traction and play a role in locomotion.
504h agoMirroring in Dance Movement Therapy takes different forms depending on the relational context and client expressivity, and involves different embodied coordination modes, such as fine-grained entrainment in dyadic interactions and stable postural scaffolding in triadic interactions.
504h agoA new protocol for preserving whole brains allows for connectomically traceable brains to be stored for thousands of years with their ultrastructure intact.
520h agoPeople with insomnia have impaired ability to control unwanted thoughts and memories, and this impairment is linked to inefficient brain activity and poor sleep quality.
520h agoThe Graph Diffusion Optimal Transport Network (GDOT-Net) models disease-related brain connectivity changes and aligns structural and functional brain networks to improve the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders.
520h agoHappy music changes the way people make social decisions by speeding up their reactions, altering brain activity, and shifting from executive control to integrative processing.
520h agoComplement activation drives Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIA) in Alzheimer's disease, and targeting complement may reduce ARIA risk.
520h agoThe enteric nervous system detects nutrients, irritants, and cytokines through specific neurons, and this detection relies on a connection between chemosensory epithelial cells and enteric neurons.
520h agoHexadirectional analysis can produce false positives, and grid cell activity in rodents does not directly generate this signal, which instead emerges from specific nonlinear transformations of firing variance.
520h agoA fast and low-cost method for manufacturing flexible subdural electrode arrays was developed, allowing for rapid prototyping and customization of neural interfaces for intraoperative monitoring and chronic neural recordings.
524h agoXylazine and other alpha2-adrenergic agonists have distinct patterns of activity at various receptors, which may lead to side-effects or therapeutic benefits.
524h agoDynamic routing and interpretability in a machine learning framework accelerate the discovery of better electrolytes for next-generation batteries.
536h agoThe PropMolFlow model uses flow matching to generate chemically valid molecules in three dimensions with targeted properties, enabling accelerated discovery of useful molecules.
536h agoBeta activity during movement consists of different types of bursts with distinct roles in motor adaptation, and understanding these burst types is essential to understanding how the brain supports adaptive behavior.
540h agoSpeech perception relies on the integration of auditory and motor information, with motor regions representing phonetic features, such as articulatory and phonetic features of consonants, to support phoneme categorization.
540h agoCerebrovascular remodeling starts early in Alzheimer's disease, with subtle molecular changes causing small vessel reorganization, which is linked to health outcomes and correlated with amyloid accumulation in vessel walls and tissues.
540h agoHuman brain function is made up of changing networks, and a new study establishes a reference framework for these dynamic brain networks using data from over 10,000 people, revealing how they change across a person's lifetime and in mental health conditions.
540h agoOrthographic syllable processing emerges early and leads to lexical-level processing, while phonological syllable effects occur later, providing evidence for a sequential coordination of orthographic and phonological codes during lexical access.
540h agoGluN2D-containing NMDARs are vital for hippocampal function by modulating granule cell activity and supporting synaptic plasticity.
540h agoNeural computations in brain circuits are conserved across species, enabling similar movements through analogous neural activity patterns despite differences in behavior and evolutionary origin.
540h agoNeuroligins organize neuronal connectivity by interacting with ICAM5, which links their extracellular recognition to intracellular actin remodeling to control neuronal growth.
540h agoCholinergic interneurons in the nucleus accumbens core process long-range inputs from the prefrontal cortex and thalamus differently, with thalamic inputs strongly activating and cortical inputs weakly activating the neurons.
540h agoSpeech categorization emerges within discrete neural microstates during early sensory encoding and is supported by a selective network of brain regions, including frontal, temporal, and parietal areas in the left hemisphere.
540h agoOverexpression of the eIF4E gene alters striatal synaptic transmission and plasticity by increasing dendritic spine density, changing receptor-mediated signals, and enhancing long-term potentiation in spiny projection neurons.
540h agoOCD disrupts higher-order interactions across brain networks, particularly in topological loops spanning frontoparietal, default mode, and sensorimotor networks.
540h agoRubicon promotes neuroinflammation and oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury by modulating autophagy and reactive oxygen species production.
540h agoThe OP-GLX toolbox enables real-time processing and visualization of large-scale neural data, complementing current neural data acquisition methods and allowing researchers to interact with and interpret their data during ongoing experiments.
540h agoThe TdTomato-Pcp2 RD rat model exhibits retinal degeneration with fluorescently labeled retinal cells, allowing for the study of retinal transplant connectivity.
540h agoStimulation of the anterior cingulate cortex with high-density theta burst stimulation reduces relapse-like behavior and restores brain connectivity in a rodent model of opiate dependence.
540h agoBrains fixed with saturated salt solution or alcohol-formaldehyde solution can be good alternatives to neutral-buffered-formalin-fixed brains for immunofluorescence experiments when using a SudanBlackB protocol.
540h agoPERK deficiency increases susceptibility to brain damage and disruption of protein homeostasis after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.
544h agoDamage to the internal capsule causes severe and persistent flexor synergy, while the extent of corticofugal disruption determines the emergence of abnormal synergies after a stroke.
544h agoCalcium imaging with GCaMP6s does not reveal gap junctional coupling between excitatory descending interneurons in the Xenopus laevis tadpole motor system.
544h agoFlies use a minimalistic world model to select ecologically relevant terrain, guided by a hierarchy of visual cues that influence their flight paths and exploration patterns.
544h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) promotes neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by modulating microglia's immune pathways, polarization, and communication with other immune cells.
544h agoBetrayal aversion has a stronger effect on reducing cooperation than loss aversion, and it is processed earlier in decision-making, affecting how people cooperate with others.
544h agoDiffusion MRI biomarkers detect microstructural damage from cerebral small vessel disease at least a decade before white matter hyperintensities appear, and cardiometabolic conditions and sex predict their progression.
548h agoDeep single-soma RNA sequencing sheds light on the neural basis of human somatosensation.
552h agoProlonged subthreshold membrane voltage depolarization closely accompanies large amplitude calcium elevation in awake mice, and regulates intracellular calcium dynamics and signaling.
556h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex regulates reward predictions by using two major efferent pathways - one to the central dorsal striatum and the other to the mediodorsal thalamus - in distinct ways to shape context-appropriate reward seeking.
556h agoYoung children's brains adapt to unclear speech by using different strategies as they develop, with infants and toddlers showing different brain activity patterns when listening to degraded speech.
560h agoChanges in the uncinate fasciculus, a brain pathway, are linked to childhood abuse, and nearly 50 genes are differently expressed in this pathway in people with depression who experienced childhood abuse compared to those who did not.
560h agoThe diversity of GABAergic inhibitory neurons in the cerebral cortex comes from two sources: molecular cell type-specific properties and cortical depth-dependent changes that affect all cell types similarly.
560h agoPre-adolescent children show reduced network assignment confidence and weaker within-network connectivity than adults, but have similar large-scale network architecture and boundaries.
560h agoGroup B Streptococcus infection breaks down the arachnoid barrier in newborns by increasing its permeability and triggering the production of proinflammatory cytokines, mainly by meningeal fibroblasts.
560h agoAstrocytic GLUT1 plays a crucial role in maintaining cerebrospinal fluid glucose, cognitive performance, and motor coordination, and its deficiency contributes to glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).
560h agoMesial temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with changes in specific brain cells, including reduced interneurons, increased Cajal-Retzius cells and microglia, and altered gene expression in these cells.
560h agoThis study suggests that fundamental cognitive properties of consciousness, including discrimination, categorization, and information integration, can be derived from an executable cognitive system's learning mechanism and its computational mechanisms.
564h agoThe INTENSE framework uses mutual information to detect associations between neurons and behavior from raw calcium fluorescence data, enabling the identification of neuronal selectivity patterns and mixed selectivity in freely behaving animals.
564h agoHigh-capacity neocortical networks optimise stored representations for generalisation by selectively retaining information that predicts future outcomes through predictive forgetting.
564h agoHippocampal neurons use separate but related codes to track the positions of self, others, and gaze direction, allowing for abstraction and individuation across different agents and viewpoints.
564h agoA computer system can predict a person's intended movement with 80% accuracy by analyzing muscle signals from the arm, allowing for early anticipation and response in rehabilitation devices.
564h agoMachine learning approach called equilibrium-informed neural networks identifies critical thresholds associated with abrupt shifts in complex systems by analyzing equilibrium states and system parameters.
564h agoCytoNet, a foundation model, encodes complex cellular patterns in histological images into meaningful feature representations, supporting multiple applications in analyzing cortical microarchitecture and linking cellular architecture to brain organization.
564h agoOptimising representational similarity instead of neural activities directly leads to a family of convex optimisation problems that can be used to model neural activity and derive results on neural coding.
564h agoGrid cells in the brain help keep track of position as one moves about the world through path-integration, and their unique code can be explained as a biologically plausible, high-fidelity way to represent position.
564h agoThis work develops a dynamical theory of sequential reasoning in Hopfield networks, providing explicit conditions for self-sustained memory transitions.
564h agoThe Darboux system, which governs rotation coefficients of three-dimensional metrics, can be formulated as a sixth-order PDE for a scalar potential that is Lagrangian and part of the KP hierarchy.
564h agoSolitons in the Ostrovsky equation can arise from initial pulse-like perturbations, organize into regular trains or irregular configurations, and interact inelastically, resulting in a dominant soliton that absorbs energy from smaller solitons.
564h agoThe study classifies local Hamiltonian operators for multi-component evolutionary differential-difference equations and computes the Poisson cohomology for a two-component Hamiltonian operator with a degenerate leading term.
564h agoExcitation of a massive bound mode deforms geodesic motion in the Abelian-Higgs model, changing vortex trajectories and enhancing chaotic behavior in final state formation.
564h agoInhomogeneous natural frequencies and phase lag in interactions can control the synchronization state of a ring network of phase oscillators, allowing for a specific wavenumber to be targeted.
564h agoThe Sabra models of turbulence converge to a stochastic process when viscosity and small-scale noise vanish, exhibiting universality and convergence characteristics determined by a renormalization group operator.
564h agoThe dynamics of spiral wave chimeras in a two-dimensional phase oscillator network follow distinct scaling laws across the phase lag, with the incoherent core radius scaling linearly and the average total positive winding number growing exponentially.
564h agoThe interplay of nonlinearity, coupling, and noise yields three distinct escape mechanisms in populations of diffusively coupled bistable elements, depending on coupling strength.
564h agoType-I neurons exhibit explosive synchronization under certain conditions, specifically weak heterogeneity, on scale-free and star networks with complete and partial degree-frequency correlation.
564h agoThe mean-field formulation of a probabilistic cellular automaton approximates the logistic equation only when the neighborhood range is infinite.
564h agoThermal fluctuations destroy the dissipationless supercurrent state in superconductors through thermally activated phase slips, which have an activation barrier determined by a space-dependent saddle-point configuration of the order parameter.
564h agoStructured Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural ODEs (SKANODEs) integrate structured state-space modeling with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks to accurately and interpretably model nonlinear dynamical systems, recovering physically meaningful latent states and extracting compact expressions for governing dynamics.
564h agoSix two-dimensional quantum superintegrable systems in flat space are exactly solvable and have a hidden Lie algebraic structure, admitting algebraic forms for their Hamiltonian and integrals, polynomial eigenfunctions, and infinite-dimensional invariant subspaces.
564h agoMachine learning algorithms infer the entanglement structure of disordered quantum spin chains by learning from the strong disorder renormalisation group method.
564h agoTopological strong zero modes persist in the topological phase of random Ising-Majorana chains, even in the presence of quenched disorder, with SZM fidelities converging exponentially to unity.
564h agoGraph Neural Networks struggle with hard Boolean Satisfiability Problems because the graphs representing these problems have negative curvature that creates connectivity bottlenecks.
564h agoA model of strongly clustered random graphs reveals that positive degree assortativity accompanies high transitivity and non-trivial structure in the clustering spectrum.
564h agoQuenched randomness in diffusion rates destabilizes the directed-percolation critical point in the contact process, causing the transition to belong to the same infinite-randomness universality class as the contact process with disorder in infection or healing rates.
564h agoBoltzmann Generators capture essential signatures of critical behavior and retain reliable performance when trained at or near criticality, enabling efficient exploration of complex thermodynamic landscapes.
564h agoThe percolation threshold for quasi-three-dimensional stick systems is 6.850923, which is 21.5% above the threshold for two-dimensional systems.
564h agoA new decoder using a Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo algorithm, called the worm algorithm, performs optimal decoding for "matchable" qLDPC codes and is computationally efficient for certain settings.
564h agoExtreme Quantum Cognition Machines are a class of quantum learning architectures that make decisions with noisy and contradictory training data.
564h agoA lattice model study reveals that confinement and driving force interact to affect the diffusion of a tracer particle through a disordered medium with obstacles.
564h agoStochastic Ising machines offer a 100 to 10,000 times speed-up in sampling quantum magnets with neural-network quantum states compared to standard Metropolis-Hastings sampling.
564h agoCircularly polarized laser light induces edge modes in monolayer amorphous carbon, making it a potential platform for engineering topological phases.
564h agoThis work develops a dynamical theory of sequential reasoning in Hopfield networks, providing explicit conditions for self-sustained memory transitions.
564h agoThe human striatum is divided into six zones, each with distinct populations of neurons and coordinated signaling with astrocytes, and these zones have different molecular properties that change with age.
564h agoThe dorsal raphe nucleus neurons have diverse projection patterns in the brain, and their development and plasticity are shaped by early life experiences, with a critical window for stress to alter their projections.
564h agoMitochondria help organize the spatial structure of neural connections by directing microtubule dynamics, and a protein called RIC-7 is essential for this process, allowing neural connections to reorganize during growth.
564h agoRhesus macaques use distinct reasoning strategies to track the best achievable outcome in complex economic decisions, and neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex encode and update this information in real time.
564h agoInfrequent and salient stimuli do not automatically trigger a rapid, involuntary pause in movement, but instead lead to behavioural slowing and electromyographical suppression in specific contexts.
564h agoReading direction influences how people perceive faces, with a left-side bias stronger in those who read from left to right and weaker or absent in those who read from right to left.
564h agoStreak-aware localization microscopy enables super-resolved structural and functional imaging by converting motion-blurred streaks from low frame rate recordings into detailed maps, reducing reconstruction time and hardware complexity.
564h agoSleep deprivation disrupts error awareness and the ability to use awareness to guide behavior, leading to slower responses, reduced accuracy, and impaired post-error adjustments.
564h agoA new software toolbox called Neptune was developed to analyze spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, which requires specialized processing steps due to the cord's unique anatomy and noise sources.
564h agoA simplified model of intrinsically bursting neurons allows for direct control of bursting characteristics and reproduces biophysical responses and circuit-level activity patterns, providing a practical tool for studying rhythm generation in neural circuits.
564h agoThe conduction velocity of signals along axons slows down, but the ratio of terminal to initial velocity remains consistent across different branch lengths.
564h agoA mediolateral tilt board is a valid transfer task for stabilometer-based balance assessment, with similar coordination structure, balance performance, and neuromuscular strategy between the two tasks.
564h agoManipulated performance feedback affects behavioral performance and brain activity, with slower responses and different neural oscillations when errors are attributed to oneself versus a malfunctioning system.
564h agoRapid learning changes the flow of neural activity in the motor cortex by restructuring connectivity to reroute preparatory activity to specific neurons.
564h agoThe 5xFAD-NSG mouse model develops Alzheimer's disease symptoms, including brain plaques, inflammation, and behavioral changes, making it suitable for testing human cell therapies.
564h agoRORγ is expressed in embryonic neurons, not just immune cells, and this expression affects how we understand the role of RORγ-expressing cells in brain development and function.
564h agoDynamic Bayesian networks, especially discrete ones, are the best method for analysing neural information flow, outperforming other methods such as multivariate Granger causality and LASSO regression, depending on the type and structure of the data.
564h agoMacrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles promote inflammatory pain resolution by engaging T cells and boosting their activation through antigen-presenting cells.
564h agoMaladaptive neural processing during offline periods predicts greater depressive symptoms, with offline reactivation of negative emotional patterns linked to emotional well-being.
564h agoTemporal interference impairs mnemonic discrimination and recognition, and a network of brain regions outside the hippocampus, including the parahippocampal and perirhinal cortex, helps to resolve this type of interference.
564h agoNeural circuits generate motor actions based on sensory feedback by processing information in the orofacial cortices and superior colliculus to adjust movements on the fly.
564h agoIntranasal photobiomodulation stimulates deeper brain regions, including the thalamus, more efficiently than forehead photobiomodulation, with distinct temporal responses in different brain regions and sex differences in response.
564h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex has distinct subdivisions that serve unique functions, with the subgenual area mainly processing negative emotion and the perigenual area involved in cognitive functions such as error monitoring and social decision-making.
564h agoChaos in neural population dynamics helps animals achieve goals while adapting to changing conditions.
564h agoApplying EDTA to the skull allows high-resolution mapping of brain hemodynamics in primates using functional ultrasound imaging.
564h agoTrait absorption predicts spatial presence in virtual reality through attention allocation.
564h agoCoronary artery disease is associated with lower myelin and higher iron content in white matter, particularly in areas prone to stroke, and these changes are linked to poorer cognitive performance.
564h agoSleep does not help memory generalization, and wakefulness may even enhance it, with people showing more generalization in the evening than in the morning.
564h agoSynapses operate at signal-to-noise ratios that maximize information efficiency, and this efficiency decreases as synaptic conductance deviates from its natural value.
568h agoDelayed feedback mechanisms and structural complexity jointly induce oscillatory dynamics in complex systems, with greater connectivity lowering the delay required for their onset.
568h agoParameterized neural activity, including aperiodic exponent and individual peak alpha frequency, remains stable over five years and likely captures normal neural ageing.
568h agoThe brain uses a two-way communication between parietal and motor areas to anticipate and prepare actions, with information about upcoming movements transmitted bidirectionally and simultaneously between these areas.
568h agoThe medial subdivision of the inferior pulvinar (PIm) receives widespread cortical inputs from visual, parietal, and cingulate areas, with a strong focus on early visual areas, the middle temporal complex, and posterior parietal regions.
576h agoActivation of a specific population of neurons in the parabrachial nucleus reduces food intake and increases anxiety-like behaviors, and these neurons play a role in suppressing feeding in response to threats.
576h agoA novel headset enables accurate measurement of motor-related neural responses using electroencephalography (EEG) from sensorimotor areas, providing flexibility for varying head sizes.
580h agoPersonalized brain decoding models can track moment-to-moment spontaneous pain fluctuations in individuals with fibromyalgia.
584h agoLanguage switching in bilinguals engages domain-general neural mechanisms, with both language switch cost and reversed language dominance reflecting control processes that are not specific to language.
584h agoDeletion of the WAC gene leads to changes in neurotransmitter activity, including increased cholinergic transmission and altered dopamine and serotonin behaviors, which are associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
584h agoLarge somatic CAG expansions in medium spiny neurons accumulate with disease duration and inherited CAG repeat length, and are associated with accelerated striatal neuron loss and earlier onset of Huntington disease.
584h agoPark2 gene knockout in mice leads to decreased motor activity and changes in brain chemicals, but does not result in pronounced Parkinson's disease symptoms.
584h agoA single muscle-based control principle explains the activity of neurons in the primary motor cortex across different movements, and the apparent differences in how neurons encode movement are due to the mechanics of the limb.
584h agoCocaine self-administration induces epigenomic and transcriptomic changes in the dorsal dentate gyrus, leading to changes in over 30,000 genomic regions and affecting genes involved in neuronal functioning and neuroplasticity.
584h agoPsychedelics like LSD loosen the connection between brain structure and function, particularly in low-frequency activity, and reorganize neural dynamics in a frequency- and network-specific way.
584h agoMaternal age in C. elegans regulates the pheromone avoidance behavior of offspring by modulating the activity of a sensory circuit through an ERI-1-microRNA-neuropeptide signaling axis.
584h agoNeural activity in brain projections changes as it travels from one region to another, and the patterns of this activity shift depending on the conditions of stimulation and rest.
584h agoThe brain processes social sounds in a hierarchy, with early stages segregating and refining vocalization signals, and later stages responding selectively to specific vocalization rates and patterns, with sex-specific differences emerging in higher brain regions.
584h agoSomatostatin-expressing interneurons in the ventral CA1 region of the hippocampus play a causal role in shaping behavioral responses in aversive spaces by regulating avoidance-related behaviors.
584h agoThe brain perceives and plans space through 1-dimensional paths rather than 2-dimensional charts.
588h agoNEURONA, a neuro-symbolic framework, decodes interacting concepts from visual stimuli based on fMRI responses and improves decoding accuracy and generalization by incorporating structural priors.
588h agoSynaptic feedback in a quantum brain model changes the phase structure, expanding the paramagnetic phase and altering the critical boundaries, allowing synaptic plasticity to tune collective criticality.
588h agoSynapses work efficiently when their conductance values are at their natural level, but their efficiency drops when conductance deviates from this level.
588h agoNeuroFlowNet, a new cross-modal generative framework, reconstructs high-fidelity intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) signals from non-invasive scalp electroencephalography (sEEG) signals, enabling better understanding of deep brain dynamics.
588h agoA memory-augmented transformer uses attention to retrieve, consolidate, and write-back information to memory, and works best with inhibitory cross-talk between its left and right memory banks.
588h agoQuantum-like modeling shows that mental markers, which are compact labels carrying cognitive and affective components, exhibit nonclassical correlations between their components, influencing context-dependent judgments and decision-making under conditions of information overload.
588h agoThe brain achieves stability and plasticity by separating context selection and local inference into two distinct processes, with the hippocampus providing sparse signatures and the neocortex untangling geometry hierarchically.
588h agoModern AI systems lack a type of training signal called "cognitive dark matter" which includes key functions such as metacognition, cognitive flexibility, and emotional intelligence, leading to a jagged intelligence landscape.
588h agoA novel computational framework identifies systematic differences in brain activity patterns between individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls, characterized by increased repetitiveness, shorter motif lengths, and reduced hierarchical complexity in ADHD.
588h agoEEG features do not consistently change in a straightforward way from acute depression to recovery, due to large individual differences.
588h agoA new two-phase quadratic integrate-and-fire neuron model removes unphysical voltage divergence and produces realistic spike waveforms while retaining a low-dimensional description and analytically tractable expressions for collective quantities.
588h agoDegree heterogeneity in neural networks interacts with partial symmetry in synaptic weights to induce diverse neural timescales, producing a range of dynamic behaviors and computations.
588h agoA novel framework called SemKey enforces signal-grounded generation to decode natural language from EEG signals, addressing limitations in current models by eliminating hallucinations and achieving state-of-the-art performance.
588h agoNeural networks' perceptual manifolds have much higher dimensions than human concepts, which leads to exponential misalignment and makes them prone to adversarial attacks.
588h agoDecoded Neurofeedback Simulator enables researchers to model, analyze and understand neurofeedback dynamics by formalizing Decoded Neurofeedback as a machine learning problem.
588h agoThe Bayesian brain hypothesis explains how the brain makes perceptual decisions under uncertainty, but it remains unclear how sensory neural populations encode uncertainty information.
588h agoLinear response theory breaks down in uniformly hyperbolic systems when hierarchical asymmetry is present, causing the effective mobility to diverge as the applied force decreases.
588h agoThe generalized Kuramoto model with unit vector oscillators and constant coupling coefficients shows multiple resonances, including Arnold tongues and devil's staircases, when driven by an external periodic force.
588h agoA new two-phase quadratic integrate-and-fire neuron model removes unphysical voltage divergence and produces realistic spike waveforms while retaining a low-dimensional description and analytically tractable expressions for collective quantities.
588h agoKink-anti-kink scattering in certain potentials reveals a built-in particle-pair production mechanism that affects dynamics above certain field-value thresholds.
588h agoSome solutions of magnetic monopoles in spontaneously broken SU(2) gauge theories have a new internal degree of freedom that controls their energy density profile without changing their total energy.
588h agoThe dominant vertices in a Boolean network determine the network's dynamics, and a reduced graph of these vertices has dynamics that is asymptotically equivalent to the original network.
588h agoThe spectral approach shows that the eigenvalue statistics of overlap matrices in the Edwards-Anderson spin glass change from a Wigner semicircle law to a Gaussian distribution near the spin-glass critical point.
588h agoThermal avalanches in driven amorphous systems show non-Poisson waiting time statistics due to stringy excitations, and their dynamics can be captured by a generalized Master equation.
588h agoSufficiently strong disorder suppresses information spreading and induces localization in the Power-of-Two model, but the model remains ergodic in the thermodynamic limit for any finite disorder strength.
588h agoDelayed feedback mechanisms and structural complexity jointly induce oscillatory dynamics in complex systems, with greater connectivity lowering the delay required for oscillations to emerge.
588h agoTraining generative models may result in biased generalization, where the model favors samples close to training data, even if the test loss appears to be minimized.
588h agoNeural networks' perceptual manifolds have much higher dimensions than human concepts, which leads to exponential misalignment and makes them prone to adversarial attacks.
588h agoMulti-head attention in transformer models enables them to represent multiple attention patterns, with head specialization emerging in distinct stages during training as different heads align with latent signal directions.
588h agoGraphs are a special case of hypergraphs, and a strict hierarchy exists with graph models being a subset of focal hypergraph models, which are in turn a subset of general hypergraph models.
588h agoHyperuniform disorder in photonic crystal slabs leads to a specific type of light scattering loss that differs from the power law behavior seen in idealized lossless systems.
588h agoTopological Anderson insulators can be designed and identified in disordered systems by uncovering latent symmetries that become apparent through isospectral reduction.
588h agoThe system exhibits a dimensional crossover from two- to one-dimensional movement as time progresses, due to the interplay between immobile obstacles and quasi-confinement.
588h agoKinetically constrained models with chiral symmetry have a large number of zero modes due to the fragmentation of the many-body Hilbert space, and these models can also have collective bound states that are robust to enlarging the system size.
588h agoPeople born with Corpus Callosum Dysgenesis have lower metacognitive efficiency, which affects their ability to adjust confidence judgments according to task difficulty, despite having normal perceptual accuracy.
588h agoNMDA receptors play a crucial role in regulating neuronal gain by allowing neurons to integrate dense inputs and maintain excitability as presynaptic inputs increase.
588h agoThe cortex helps animals generalize across contexts by keeping neural activity simple, while the cerebellum helps distinguish between contexts by reorganizing this activity.
588h agoCerebral glucose metabolism networks reflect the brain's morphometric organisation, and this metabolic-morphometric coupling strengthens with age.
588h agoTemporal and spectral predictions interact to improve auditory perception by increasing response readiness and perceptual sensitivity, allowing people to better detect sounds under uncertain listening conditions.
588h agoSleep helps create persistent negative emotional bias by shaping neural dynamics when we're in a negative emotional state.
592h agoThe mediodorsal thalamus plays a pivotal role in guiding behavior by relaying cue-based information to the prefrontal cortex through distinct pathways that have unique patterns of activity during learning and behavioral flexibility.
592h agoPsilocybin modulates the prelimbic subregion of the rat medial prefrontal cortex to change negative affective biases, which contributes to its antidepressant effects.
592h agoSpiking during visuomotor experience drives plasticity in layer 2/3 neurons, refining prediction error computation by altering locomotion-related inputs in a firing rate-dependent manner, and this process is facilitated by neuromodulation.
592h agoTreadmill belt speed affects stepping behavior in one-day-old rats, with faster belt speeds resulting in shorter step cycle durations and larger step areas in forelimbs and hindlimbs, and both mechanical and pharmacological stimulation reliably inducing stepping.
592h agoTECPR2-related disorder causes early motor dysfunction, sensory problems, and progressive brain decline, but delivering the TECPR2 gene via AAV9 can restore some functions and reduce pathology in a mouse model of the disease.
592h agoProtocadherin 15 molecules form a right-handed double helix that enables mechanical sensing by stabilizing mechanotransduction channels in the inner ear.
592h agoThe internal representation of visual perception comprises a sigmoidal transducer and Poisson-like noise that predicts discrimination sensitivity.
592h agoMecp2 knockout mice show more submissive behaviors and altered social hierarchy due to changed activity of neurons in the prefrontal cortex.
600h agoHuman iPSC-derived astrocytes, produced by introducing specific transcription factors into iPSC lines, support the growth and function of mature neuronal networks and can be used to standardize the use of human astrocytes in neural research.
600h agoMicroglial activation causes some symptoms of sickness, including reduced activity and self-care, but does not cause anorexia, weight loss, or impaired motor performance.
600h agoHumans learn to reach around obstacles by combining two learning strategies, and they rely more on one strategy that involves less planning as they become more familiar with the space.
600h agoO-GlcNAcylation regulates oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation, and changes in O-GlcNAcylation levels are linked to demyelination in multiple sclerosis.
600h agoB cells modulate hippocampal network activity in response to stroke and this modulation depends on age, sex, and brain injury.
600h agoSLC35A2 deficiency leads to severe neurodevelopmental disorders, including epilepsy, by causing a specific defect in O-GalNAc glycan synthesis, which impairs neuronal development and function.
600h agoIschemic stroke and aging lead to chronic recruitment of lymphocytes into the CNS, where a novel B cell population, called B1b cells, proliferates and exhibits an inflammatory signature.
600h agoPeople who develop persistent pain show a decrease in moment-to-moment variability in their pain ratings over time, while those who recover show an increase in variability.
600h agoThe human brain combines visual and acoustic cues from speech in two different ways, using a feature-selective strategy in the superior temporal gyrus and a frequency-selective strategy in the middle temporal gyrus.
600h agoDuring successful cooperation, brains divide and complement each other's information to achieve complex goals, with combined neural signals carrying more information than individual brains alone.
600h agoWater deprivation induces a right-sided hindlimb postural asymmetry in rats through a mechanism involving arginine vasopressin signaling.
600h agoThe choice of detection method changes the estimate of representational drift in hippocampal place cells, with one method identifying more stable cells with slower drift.
600h agoA data-driven brain-computer interface called REACH-Ctrl achieves real-time control of population spiking activity in the cortex using patterned microstimulation and multi-electrode recordings.
600h agoHumans prioritize safety over efficient movement patterns when walking in new environments, adopting a risk-averse strategy to mitigate the probability of falling by adjusting their internal learning parameters.
600h agoThe protein language model Synapse Gigamapper identifies 152 amino-acid motifs that indicate protein localization at synapses and reveals over 100 candidate constituents of synaptic function, including SERCA, an ATPase involved in cytosolic Ca2+ clearance.
600h agoHumans can perceive changes in arm damping from visual observation of motion, and targeted coaching can improve this ability.
604h agoThree theories of consciousness - Integrated Information Theory, Neurorepresentationalism, and Active Inference - are compared and contrasted in terms of their core claims, explanations, and methodological strategies to assess their similarities, differences, and predictive power.
612h agoAttention-based graph neural networks outperform other methods in classifying Caenorhabditis elegans neurons based on spatial and connection features.
612h agoDecision making changes across the lifespan in ways that are not well understood, and integrating aging research with modern systems neuroscience can provide more mechanistic explanations of these changes.
612h agoAgents acting competently under uncertainty must have a predictive internal state that structures their decision-making.
612h agoTopological data analysis reveals that one-dimensional topological features, reflecting coordinated neural activity patterns, reliably distinguish neural responses to different video stimuli.
612h agoDistinguishing between acoustic and expectation-related information in music improves EEG-based music identification when used to guide model training.
612h agoThis work develops a dynamical theory of sequential reasoning in Hopfield networks, deriving conditions for self-sustained memory transitions.
612h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training set.
612h agoDynamic reorganization of neural connections allows for more robust and higher-capacity memory retrieval in a new type of neural network model called Dynamic Manifold Hopfield Networks.
612h agoThe International Society for Tractography's inaugural conference in 2025 presented research on advancing neuroanatomy, tractography methods, and their applications, covering topics such as neurological disorders and brain development.
612h agoAnticipated synchronisation can emerge in driven dynamical systems with distributed delay times, allowing for approximate synchronisation over a range of coupling strengths.
612h agoA novel methodology using Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) predicts chaotic transitions in multi-body dynamical systems, enabling fast and reliable trajectory prediction and design.
612h agoSuperdiffusion modifies the instability threshold and spatial scale of emerging patterns in a FitzHugh-Nagumo reaction-diffusion system, leading to new instability mechanisms that depart from the classical activator-inhibitor framework.
612h agoA new local decoder for Kitaev's toric code enables exponential suppression of logical errors with system size, by interpreting odd parity stabilizer measurements as defects that attract each other through binary signals.
612h agoTubular origami tessellations converge to an integrable map with a variational structure as the module number increases, allowing for the design of new foldable configurations and stable quasi-periodic attractors.
612h agoA universal strategy uses local defects and boundary phonon excitations to control kink transition waves in multistable mechanical metamaterials, enabling their use as scalable mechanical memory.
612h agoA new region of stable backreaction is identified in an inflationary model where an axion-like field is coupled to an Abelian gauge field, allowing for efficient reheating without rapid growth of perturbations.
612h agoCollective chemotaxis can arrest or suppress motility-induced phase separation in active particles, or give rise to new dynamic patterns such as traveling waves and spirals.
612h agoThe concept of k-contraction is extended to fractional dimensions, providing conditions for d-contractivity and tools for stability analysis and feedback design through Hausdorff-Riemann measures that decrease along trajectories.
612h agoChaotic magnetization dynamics in magnetic tunnel junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are induced by thermal fluctuations and can be controlled by DC current bias.
612h agoPoisson algebras of certain gauge theories provide structures that reproduce the equations of motion of spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider models.
612h agoDynFormer, a novel neural operator, efficiently solves complex physical systems modeled by partial differential equations by using specialized network modules for distinct physical scales.
612h agoC.elegans locomotion is hyperchaotic and dissipative, with Lyapunov spectrum exponents of 0.860, 0.389, and -3.451.
612h agoMultiple cyclic loops at each site alter patterns by forming different types of spiral waves and homogeneous phases, and the number of coexisting states can be controlled by changing the flip networks and energies.
612h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived using the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
612h agoInteraction and rotation in a system of trapped bosons lead to the emergence of chaotic behavior, which depends on the interaction strength and shows up as distinct patterns in the spectral form factor and power spectrum.
612h agoA zero-temperature fixed point controls a ferromagnet-to-paramagnet transition in the two-dimensional random bond Ising model at low temperatures.
612h agoA new neural network method accurately simulates lattice systems with both spin and fermionic properties, capturing different phases, including a Luttinger liquid, LL* phase, and Luther-Emery phase.
612h agoHyperuniformity in particle arrangements can be generalized to systems where particles carry weights, and this generalization reveals that hyperuniformity in particle position does not necessarily translate to hyperuniformity in weighted systems.
612h agoA new framework uses physics-informed neural networks to identify effective Hamiltonians in solid-state quantum systems directly from experimental data, ensuring physically meaningful results.
612h agoThis work develops a dynamical theory of sequential reasoning in Hopfield networks, deriving conditions for self-sustained memory transitions.
612h agoA general principle for constructing non-Hermitian operators reveals that topological phases can feature real eigenvalues and zero-energy boundary modes, but these modes disappear when eigenvalues become complex.
612h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training set.
612h agoAn open quantum system can perform multiple vector-matrix multiplications with stochastic matrices in parallel, with the operation time independent of the input vector dimension.
612h agoThe TANGO reward function enables the generation of small molecules with optimized properties and predicted synthesis routes using a small set of shared precursors.
612h agoUnsupervised deep learning automatically extracts and quantifies tissue organizational patterns from brain sections, revealing anatomically meaningful tissue organization and detecting pathological changes.
612h agoA Berry crystal exhibits Anderson localization and critical states across its energy spectrum, with an extended regime of critical states forming a "mobility crossover" between localized and extended phases.
616h agoStuttering symptoms are linked to changes in brain activity in areas related to motivation, self-reference, and social interaction, with more severe symptoms associated with stronger engagement of motivational circuitry and greater recruitment of frontal evaluative-control regions.
616h agoThe maturation of large-scale functional brain networks during preadolescence underpins critical cognitive and behavioral development, and a new study mapped the spatial and temporal organization of these networks in 11,000 children aged 9-10 years, revealing a low-dimensional harmonic scaffold that constrains brain dynamics during this developmental window.
620h agoA new framework infers the causes of noise from binary feedback, allowing for the distinction between environmental change and outcome randomness, and provides insights into learning processes.
620h agoThe vagal gut-brain-gut pathways control digestion through specific neural circuits that regulate gastric secretion, and different neuron subtypes separately manage secretory and motor programs.
620h agoA protocol for preserving whole brains uses graded immersion cryoprotection and subzero temperature storage to maintain morphology and antigenicity for long-term research applications.
620h agoAbnormalities in brain lateralization in children with autism progress from focal patterns in early childhood to widespread distributions by late childhood, and are linked to clinical symptoms, gene expression, and brain chemistry.
620h agoThe brain constructs a coherent mental model of a scene by integrating dynamic agents with environmental anchors through a hierarchical process involving specific areas of the visual cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex.
620h agoThe diversity of neuronal properties is tightly regulated to ensure energy-efficient signaling in different computational tasks and contexts.
620h agoRecurrent neural networks have a mix of random and structured connectivity that shapes their dynamics and responses, and learning can control the balance between randomness and structure to produce task-relevant internal representations.
620h agoA set of biophysical constraints can generate a brain connectome that closely matches the structural statistics of a real mouse brain microcircuit and supports computational intelligence.
620h agoGait speed depends on the distance available for acceleration and deceleration, and most conventional gait tests underestimate steady speed by not giving people enough distance to reach their normal walking speed.
620h agoOxytocin plays a necessary role in the acquisition and strategy formation of cooperation in rats, facilitating mutual rewards through social interaction.
620h agoPartially suppressing microglial hexokinase-2 (HK2) reduces inflammation and improves motor coordination after traumatic brain injury without impairing other important immune functions.
620h agoThe hippocampus processes and combines information from multiple senses, including auditory and visual, with different parts of the hippocampus showing distinct ways of handling this multisensory information.
620h agoThe locus coeruleus plays a role in facilitating motor preparation and execution in response to sensory events, and most of its neurons increase activity when making a choice, not when processing sensory information.
620h agoKir4.2 loss causes selective neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra, motor impairments, anxiety-like behavior, and cognitive decline, and leads to neuroinflammation, synucleinopathy, and myelin plasticity changes.
620h agoThe histone deacetylase inhibitor Vorinostat restores autophagic function in Huntington disease models by increasing palmitoylation of the autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62, enhancing cargo delivery and degradation.
620h agoThe miR-379-410 cluster and its member miR-495-3p play a key role in regulating sociability and cognition, and inhibiting miR-495-3p can prevent social and memory impairments caused by the ASD risk gene Tsc1.
620h agoHierarchical mouse behavior emerges from localized cortical dynamics, not from the brain's hierarchical organization, under natural and freely moving conditions.
620h agoSleep helps transfer memories from one type to another, enabling people to use learned information for practical actions, through a process of rapid network reorganization during different stages of sleep.
620h agoAPOE4 carriers have reduced VEGFR2 expression, corresponding to a 10-15% decrease in transcript levels, which may contribute to vascular dysfunction through targeted endothelial alterations.
620h agoThe rate of CAG repeat expansion in the Huntingtin gene determines the age of onset and disease progression in Huntington's disease, and this expansion leads to production of a highly pathogenic protein called HTT1a, which accelerates neuronal dysfunction.
620h agoInhibiting vmPFC-projecting BLA neurons promotes avoidance behaviors, and these neurons promote safety rather than aversive signals in unconditioned exploration-avoidance behavior.
624h agoInsects' turning responses to rotating visual stimuli are determined by computation of optic flow prediction errors, not by detected visual-motion.
624h agoClosed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation combined with real-time functional MRI enables adaptive optimization of noninvasive brain stimulation to modulate frontoparietal functional connectivity and enhance accuracy learning.
624h agoPost-traumatic stress symptoms disrupt prefrontal circuits and strengthen connections between prefrontal regions and brainstem threat/pain circuits, leading to higher depression and pain catastrophizing in people with chronic pain.
624h agoSleep homeostasis is a distributed process controlled by many genes, including those involved in immunity, neuropeptide signaling, glucose transport, and neuronal excitability, that change expression in response to sleep-wake history.
624h agoGlia cells play a crucial role in nervous system development and maintenance, and their ceramide metabolism and transfer are essential for motor function, with disruptions linked to motor defects.
624h agoThe brain uses low-dimensional visuomotor coordination strategies to generate complex behaviors like driving, and these strategies are flexibly reshaped by contextual demands.
624h agoLarval zebrafish develop more persistent and self-reinforcing integration dynamics during early development, a process altered in fish with genetic mutations linked to human epilepsy and schizophrenia.
624h agoBacterial pneumonia worsens the outcome of ischemic stroke by causing inflammation in the brain through extracellular histones.
624h agoEngineers created ScaRCaMP, a new red genetically encoded calcium indicator, which works well with optogenetics and resists blue-light-induced artifacts.
624h agoSubthreshold TMS over the motor cortex induces corticospinal beta oscillatory activity detectable in muscles, which shares neural generators with endogenous beta rhythms.
624h agoTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves decision-making in healthy older adults by enhancing their ability to distinguish between good and bad options and reconfiguring networks in the brain.
624h agoGlial cell inflammation in the brain drives ALS progression, and a specific protein called kayak plays a key role in regulating this inflammation.
628h agoReaching for an object and tracking a moving target with the eyes can happen at the same time without interfering with each other, as shown by the ability to make rapid adjustments to the reach movement using peripheral vision, regardless of the gaze task.
628h agoA new scoring system accurately predicts recovery outcomes in mice with spinal cord injuries, enabling individualized characterization of post-injury recovery and more effective evaluation of potential therapies.
628h agoMutations in CHD8 lead to brain overgrowth and autism, causing an expansion of certain brain cells and abnormal cell placement in the brain's frontal cortex from embryonic development through to adulthood.
628h agoThere is no evidence for presynaptic homeostatic plasticity at CA1 hippocampal synapses, as inhibiting AMPA responses does not trigger a homeostatic recovery of synaptic responses or an enhancement of NMDA responses.
628h agoThe retina's rod photoreceptors drive aerobic glycolysis, producing lactate, while inner retinal neurons rely on oxidative phosphorylation to generate energy.
632h agoThe abundance of cellular prion protein is modulated by 531 genes, which were identified through a genome-wide CRISPR activation screen.
632h agoThe STEER framework captures the rules of brain plasticity that govern circuit-level reorganization across hours to weeks, allowing for testable inference of plasticity rules and design of improved brain stimulation protocols.
636h agoThe Bayesian brain hypothesis guides understanding of perceptual decision-making, but how uncertainty is encoded in sensory neural populations remains unclear, with two competing hypotheses proposing that early sensory populations encode either the likelihood function or the posterior distribution over the stimulus.
636h agoLearning time in neural networks grows rapidly as the number of input dimensions increases, due to smaller learning gradients and larger learning times for higher dimensional data.
636h agoHuman and machine vision systems make trade-offs between accuracy and robustness when facing new visual conditions, and a new framework reveals that humans exhibit smoother trade-offs while deep networks operate in steeper and more brittle regimes.
636h agoNeuromodulation, a key component of biological learning, can enhance the robustness of artificial neural networks in continual learning by addressing catastrophic forgetting.
636h agoA functionalist approach to emotion is explored through a theoretical reinforcement learning framework that aligns with emotional valence in biological systems and explains psychological phenomena such as humor, psychopathy, and advertising.
636h agoA system with a limited number of independent synaptic bundles and motor neurons can successfully learn to control movements, but learning collapses when this number exceeds a critical limit.
636h agoHippocampal sequences arise from intrinsic recurrent circuitry that acts as a temporal memory buffer, and this mechanism helps an agent navigate through sparse sensory input.
636h agoPOYO-CAP, a new pretraining strategy, improves neural decoding by turning the heterogeneity of neural recordings into a learning advantage.
636h agoOptimising representational similarity instead of neural activities leads to a family of convex optimisation problems that can be used to model neural coding.
636h agoComputed perfusion maps from CT angiography can localise neural substrates of stroke symptoms and reveal new information about brain function in acute ischaemic stroke patients.
636h agoThe choice of learning paradigm affects classification performance and computational cost in spiking neural networks, with gradient-based learning achieving highest accuracy but bio-inspired rules offering better accuracy-efficiency trade-offs.
636h agoOptimizing intrinsic neuronal parameters improves the classification accuracy of spiking neural networks by up to 13.50 percentage points, and the proposed SNN-LZC classifier achieves up to 99.50% accuracy with sub-millisecond inference latency.
636h agoThe global dimensionality of a neural representation manifold provides insight into the computational process of neural networks.
636h agoFeedback-alignment-type learning works when neural activities and error signals overlap in time, and this overlap governs learning, allowing for robustness to moderate timing mismatch.
636h agoBrain-IT, a brain-inspired approach, reconstructs images seen by people from their fMRI brain recordings with high faithfulness to the actual images by using a Brain Interaction Transformer that allows interactions between clusters of functionally-similar brain-voxels.
636h agoBrain-Semantoks, a self-supervised framework, learns abstract representations of brain dynamics from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series, enabling strong performance on downstream tasks.
636h agoBrain-OF, a new brain foundation model, jointly pretrained on fMRI, EEG, and MEG data, handles both unimodal and multimodal inputs and shows improved performance across diverse neuroscience tasks.
636h agoPartial synchronization in complex systems leads to collective oscillations where multiple modes interact to produce complex rhythmic activity.
636h agoIntegrable autonomous partial difference equations have special solutions that are described by non-autonomous ordinary difference equations.
636h agoThe KP-mKP hierarchy has a class of differential Fay identities and a series of additional symmetries that can be represented as linear actions on its tau functions.
636h agoA single phase shift determines the complexity of basin boundaries in coupled phase oscillators, causing them to become more fractal as the phase shift increases.
636h agoThe M-Wright function in quantum many-body dynamics is exactly derived for the first time by analyzing the integrated spin current in a one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model.
636h agoHostility among ants in a metapopulation prevents the tragedy of the commons by maintaining cooperation, and this mechanism applies to any group of cooperators and defectors with asymmetrical migration rates.
636h agoThe semi-classical analysis of a quartic system with four degenerate minima reveals longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal instanton configurations that mediate tunneling between minima, leading to coherent Rabi-type oscillations and specific energy splittings.
636h agoDeep-layered machines produce outputs that are exponentially biased towards simplicity as the network depth increases.
636h agoA modified vortex spin-torque oscillator exhibits finite short-term memory capacity and information processing capacity at low current and field, using less power than conventional oscillators.
636h agoActive matter systems can efficiently process information and perform well in reservoir computing, especially when driven by nonlinear forces and forming liquid droplets.
636h agoSpace-time modulation in an electro-mechanical system creates a variety of breathers, including Floquet breathers, with different frequencies and symmetries, and their stability evolves with modulation frequency.
636h agoA nonlinear Schrödinger equation with arbitrary potential and dispersion functions is solved, yielding many new exact solutions expressed in elementary or special functions, which can be used to verify numerical methods for solving complex nonlinear partial differential equations.
636h agoThe eigenfunction-expansion-based perturbation theory correctly predicts the slow-time evolution of dark soliton parameters and the radiation shelf emerging on the soliton sides.
636h agoThe classical integrable elliptic Toda chain can be adapted into an open chain with boundary terms using the factorized form of the Lax matrix and gauge equivalence with the XYZ chain.
636h agoPairwise interactions can give rise to synergistic information in complex systems, and specific correlational structures, such as antibalanced motifs, are sufficient and necessary conditions for this to occur.
636h agoA system with a limited number of independent synaptic bundles and motor neurons can successfully learn to control movements, but learning collapses when this number exceeds a critical limit.
636h agoChaotic synchronization occurs in two coherently coupled dissipative time crystals, marked by a positive Lyapunov exponent and high correlation between the crystals.
636h agoThe out-of-time-order correlator's long-time exponential decay in an isolated kicked Ising spin chain occurs at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
636h agoChemically driven drops self-propel on a solid substrate due to a wettability contrast maintained by chemical reactions when externally imposed chemical potentials are distinct.
636h agoThe chaotic quantum diffusion model enables efficient learning of quantum data distributions with less implementation overhead and comparable accuracy to existing models.
636h agoA compact neural network learns the universal density functional of the one-dimensional Hubbard model by identifying the low-dimensional structure of the data and using lattice symmetries, achieving near-exact predictions and reconstructing external potentials.
636h agoDeep-layered machines produce outputs that are exponentially biased towards simplicity as the network depth increases.
636h agoA single on-site impurity in an extended lattice hosts a bound state that transitions from extended to localized as the impurity strength surpasses a critical value.
636h agoDiscrete symmetries in the quantum kicked rotor cause a hierarchy of large dynamical timescales and lead to glassy dynamics, characterized by slow relaxation and asymmetric scattering peaks.
636h agoGyromorphs can host higher-order topological insulating phases protected by average rotational symmetry, and new tools can diagnose these phases.
636h agoA metal-insulating transition occurs in certain random potentials, where a mobility edge separates extended-like states from short-ranged localized states.
636h agoRandom walkers on the microcanonical configuration space of mean-field disordered systems experience an ergodicity-breaking transition at a specific energy density, but persistent walks remain ergodic at lower energies.
636h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model's four-local interaction can be replaced with a two-local interaction, preserving quantum chaos, and simpler models with this interaction can be simulated on qudit-based quantum devices.
636h agoAn adaptive variation-resilient Random Number Generator (RNG) extracts unbiased encryption-grade random number streams from physically driven entropy sources, mitigating the impact of process and supply voltage variations.
636h agoLarge neural networks and datasets can be compressed to much smaller sizes while keeping their performance and learning dynamics unchanged.
636h agoThe out-of-time-order correlator's long-time exponential decay in an isolated kicked Ising spin chain occurs at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
636h agoOperator delocalization in disordered one-dimensional spin chains shows sharply distinct behaviors in non-interacting and interacting regimes, with operator mass, length, and entanglement entropy rapidly saturating in the Anderson-localized case and growing logarithmically in the many-body localized regime.
636h agoThe spin-$1/2$ $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model on the square lattice has an intermediate phase between N\'eel antiferromagnetic and stripe ordered regimes with a structure factor that acts as the dominant order parameter.
636h agoA dual-module neural network called CATS Net models how the human brain compresses experiences into abstract concepts and enables conceptual communication between artificial agents.
636h agoComplex, two-way connections are a universal feature of brain wiring, and brain modules communicate through a small group of highly connected neurons to ensure stable information processing.
636h agoA hierarchical coding framework allows the brain to encode a large number of semantic concepts using a limited number of neurons, solving the paradox of how the brain overcomes the capacity limits of traditional networks.
640h agoThe core circadian genes BMAL1, PhCry2, PhPer, and PhClk are necessary for both circadian and circatidal behaviors in marine organisms.
640h agoPerceiving deprivation-related stimuli activates brain regions and neurotransmitters involved in aversive affect and goal-directed behavior, linking physiological needs with social needs.
640h agoSustainable decisions are limited by immediate unpleasantness and delayed benefits, but brain stimulation can increase sustainability by changing how people value outcomes.
640h agoMuller glia regulate the specialisation of cone neurons by controlling local gradients of retinoic acid signalling, allowing neurons of the same type to perform distinct functions.
640h agoA specific neural circuit converts touch information from the fly leg into targeted motor actions to guide grooming behavior.
640h agoProlonged post-fixation in formalin affects the staining intensity of certain brain biomarkers, with some decreasing over time, and this must be considered when interpreting results from processed tissues.
640h agoAmyloid beta plaque deposition and microglial changes occur in visual brain regions of Alzheimer's disease model mice, with image-forming vision pathways showing more severe pathology than non-image-forming regions.
640h agoMONICA, a web application, automatically derives whole nerve boundaries, alongside axon and myelin masks, to enable calculation of optic nerve health metrics beyond axon counts.
640h agoCorticospinal projections from the primary somatosensory cortex develop in three phases: initial arrival, grey matter ingrowth, and laminar refinement of terminal projections, forming a pathway that modulates sensory processing in the spinal dorsal horn.
640h agoPerilesional excitability after a stroke predicts long-term motor recovery and is linked to GABA-A receptor density, with patients showing varying levels of increased or decreased excitability.
644h agoStress experienced before an injury can change the way pain develops in osteoarthritis, promoting resilience to chronic pain in males but increasing pain sensitivity in females.
644h agoTMS-induced discomfort has brain-wide neural signatures that engage multiple brain networks, accounting for a substantial portion of TMS-evoked responses, and should be measured and modeled to refine causal inference and therapeutic neuromodulation.
644h agoA neural-to-phoneme decoder trained on data from multiple participants can match or outperform individual-specific systems and adapt to new subjects with minimal training.
644h agoPost-traumatic epilepsy develops in 56% of pigs with brain injury, with seizures starting focally and becoming generalized, and featuring a range of peri-ictal behaviors.
644h agoThe brain's large-scale communication dynamics change across sleep-wake cycles, with REM sleep associated with reduced network synchronization, coupling, and bistability, which may contribute to its lower epileptogenicity.
644h agoMachine learning helps understand biological traits and human disease processes through imageomics, which was used to develop an automated pipeline called Crop-OCT that extracts features from thousands of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to monitor ocular changes associated with aging and disease progression.
644h agoFingolimod induces TRKB activation and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor production, which promotes neuronal plasticity and survival.
644h agoNeurodegeneration in rodents impairs their ultrasonic vocalisations, which are valuable behavioural biomarkers for neurological dysfunction and may help identify biomarkers relevant to human speech deficits in neurodegenerative diseases.
644h agoThe brain combines current sensory information with past experiences to make decisions, and this integration mainly happens in the frontal cortex, where current input is represented alongside prior sensory information.
644h agoNeural tube defects disrupt the organization of the enteric nervous system, leading to abnormal gastrointestinal motility.
644h agoTwo types of mantra-based meditation induce distinct neural states, with Hare Krishna meditation producing a more activating, attentionally focused state and Sa-Ta-Na-Ma meditation promoting a more relaxed state.
644h agoMultiomics Spatial Image Analysis (MSIA) technologies image hundreds of RNAs and contextualize them with protein markers, and have identified potential new biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease that were confirmed in a mouse model.
644h agoCerebellar granule neurons accumulate somatic mutations in patterns distinct from other brain cells, and this process resembles the mutation patterns found in dividing cells and some cancer cells.
644h agoBero, a LU family protein, is expressed in diverse peptidergic neurons and various non-neuronal tissues, and may play a role in coordinating hormonal and neural regulation in D. melanogaster.
644h agoInhibition ability varies across people, with extreme impairments in conditions like ADHD, and a new model characterizes this ability through noisy perceptual inference and optimal control, identifying distinct computational phenotypes associated with ADHD traits.
644h agoCilia beating on neighboring cells enforces quiescence in neural stem cells through mechanical forces that trigger calcium transients.
644h agoSynaptogyrin family proteins selectively associate with dopamine vesicles, and distinct trafficking mechanisms regulate dopamine vesicles, differing from those of other synaptic vesicles.
644h agoHippocampal time cells play a key role in linking events in time by generating sequences that extend beyond the initial stimulus and can be maintained even when the timing or presence of subsequent events changes.
648h agoProlonged exposure to loud and moderate noise levels impairs hearing, and even low-level sounds, such as those at typical conversational levels, can cause hearing impairment and alter auditory information processing in the brain if they persist over time.
648h agoThe nucleus accumbens neurons show changing activity patterns as mice progress through phases of cocaine self-administration, with an initial increase and then decrease in neurons responding to cocaine lever-pressing.
648h agoNeuronal cell body position plays a crucial role in circuit function, as clustering of specific neurons allows synchronous activity necessary to initiate certain movements.
648h agoChronic blood-brain barrier dysfunction after a stroke may contribute to cognitive decline and dementia.
648h agoToddlers as young as 19 months have brain areas that respond more to understandable language than to unintelligible sounds, with brain regions similar to those of adults.
648h agoA specific group of neurons in the brainstem, called neurotensin-expressing neurons, encodes pain signals from the gut and plays a key role in driving persistent pain in inflammatory bowel disease.
656h agoMetacognitive calibration varies with support structure preservation, and an auditor architecture that learns a regime-conditioned calibration mapping improves calibration and control behavior.
660h agoBrain-OF, a new brain foundation model, jointly pretrained on fMRI, EEG, and MEG data, handles both single and multiple inputs and shows better performance across various neuroscience tasks.
660h agoMammalian spatial navigation relies on neurons that encode position, but the principles of efficient place cell coding are clarified by novel measures that show neural populations collectively encode stimuli.
660h agoBEAST, a novel framework, enables effective analysis of neuro-behavioral data from unlabeled video by pre-training vision transformers, improving performance in extracting behavioral features, pose estimation, and action segmentation.
660h agoAverageness in facial proportions correlates with higher perceived attractiveness in male faces.
660h agoA tensor-based method provides identifiability guarantees for learning mixtures of linear dynamical systems, which can model time-series data with diverse temporal dynamics, and is refined through expectation-maximization updates to produce reliable estimates of system parameters.
660h agoDegree heterogeneity and coupling strength shape the mechanisms of noise-induced escape in networked systems of diffusively coupled bistable elements.
660h agoSpontaneous stochasticity emerges as a universal fixed point of a renormalization-group transformation, independent of microscopic regularization, in hydrodynamic turbulence viewed as a multiscale dynamical system.
660h agoChaotic switching in a network of three pendula occurs through three scenarios: riddling bifurcation, blowout bifurcation, and switchings between laminar saddle chimeras.
660h agoIntegrability in semiclassical string solutions is rare, and a new Koopman-Krylov framework shows that integrability-breaking deformations induce redistributions of spectral weight, leading to delocalisation and spreading in Krylov space.
660h agoInformation spreads on networks of Large Language Models based on offline events and the "personalities" assigned to the models, and can be described by a simple Susceptible-Infected type model with two transmission rates.
660h agoSymmetry-breaking bifurcation of coupled topological edge states leads to spontaneous symmetry breaking in a nonlinear topological lattice.
660h agoA coupled system model reveals that degeneracy in a plasma favors the stability of electromagnetic soliton evolution by reducing the modulational instability growth rate and the instability domain of modulation wave numbers.
660h agoA new method uses parametric driving to generate nonreciprocal supercurrent flow in superconducting diodes, enabling non-dissipative circuit elements for superconducting electronics.
660h agoThe quantum XXZ spin-1/2 chain has non-Gaussian spin current fluctuations in the easy-axis anisotropy regime, which follow a nested Gaussian distribution related to the spin diffusion constant and static spin susceptibility.
660h agoThe KdV equation solver, sangkuriang, uses Python to accurately model nonlinear wave behavior in shallow ocean environments, preserving mass, momentum, and energy with relative errors below $O(10^{-4})$.
660h agoA two-component reaction-diffusion system with spatially varying coefficients exhibits bi-stability with two stable stationary background states that can be connected by stationary and travelling front solutions.
660h agoHigh-dimensional random dynamical systems exhibit chaotic, fixed point, and periodic attractors, and their maximal Lyapunov exponent can be computed explicitly in the chaotic phase due to underlying integrability.
660h agoThe twisted bilayer Haldane model retains its topological properties at weak interlayer coupling but exhibits a closed energy gap and multiple localized states at strong interlayer coupling.
660h agoSustained neuronal excitation induces a staged transcriptional response in human neuronal cells, characterized by distinct temporal modules of gene induction and suppression that evolve through sequential transcriptional states.
664h agoConventional type 1 dendritic cells play a critical role in priming CD8+ T cells outside the brain, which then infiltrate the brain and promote tau-mediated neurodegeneration.
672h agoThe circadian clock in Antarctic krill is made up of distinct clusters of neurons in the optic lobes and central brain that produce specific proteins, and these neurons work together with other cells to control daily rhythms.
672h agoThe hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and thalamic nuclei work together in a circuit to process context-dependent memory, with each module playing a distinct role: the hippocampus encodes spatial information, the prefrontal cortex represents task structure, and the thalamic nuclei integrate and coordinate information to enhance learning and robustness.
684h agoSuzetrigine, a non-opioid painkiller, works by blocking pain signals at the nerve roots, not in the spinal cord, and its effectiveness is unlikely to increase even if it can cross into the central nervous system.
684h agoHopx downregulation in astrocytes leads to their dysfunction, which can be reversed by overexpressing Hopx, thereby enhancing their ability to clear beta-amyloid plaques and reducing neurotoxic astrocytes.
684h agoInhibiting B7-H3 after acute ischemic stroke reduces brain damage and improves functional outcomes by reprogramming neuroinflammation towards anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
684h agoNeuronal p38 drives rmTBI-associated neurological consequences in a sex-dependent manner, and its knockout protects against functional, immune, and cerebrovascular effects of repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries.
688h agoInsight experiences result from a combination of prediction accuracy and uncertainty, with more intense insights occurring when initial predictions are close to reality and made with high confidence, or when predictions are far from reality and made with low confidence.
692h agoThe brain uses arousal responses to represent and respond to uncertainty when learning in dynamic environments, adjusting learning rates based on prior uncertainty and change point probability.
696h agoCavefish have a larger olfactory bulb with more neurons and enhanced multisensory integration of olfactory and mechanosensory input compared to surface fish.
696h agoThe nonparametric Bayesian Contextual Control model explains how humans learn and reuse stable task representations efficiently by integrating contextual learning with repetition-based automatisation and schema-like prior knowledge.
696h agoThe linkage of a neutral auditory memory to an aversive event depends on behavioral conditions, including context exploration and memory testing, which control the expression of the memory.
696h agoA new imaging and analysis pipeline enables researchers to obtain high-resolution brain circuit maps at a lower cost, allowing small research groups to study brain function in multiple species.
704h agoGenes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia, interact with mitochondrial proteins, and disruption of mitochondrial translation may contribute to the development of these disorders.
708h agoRibosomes near synapses interact directly with AMPA receptor complex proteins to position themselves for local protein synthesis, which helps couple synaptic activity with structural remodeling.
708h agoThe lateral hypothalamus promotes behavioral activation by sending signals to specific neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus that normally inhibit behavioral activity.
708h agoSuicide is associated with distinct but functionally convergent changes in gene expression across brain and blood that involve immune, inflammatory, and neuroimmune processes.
708h agoVariations in DNA sequences where the transcription factor NKX2.1 binds can disrupt its function and cause disease, including choreoathetosis and congenital hypothyroidism.
708h agoThe cortical hierarchy of neural activity decay is preserved in autism spectrum disorder, but individuals with autism show prolonged neural timescales in regions operating at slower timescales, which relates to variability in sensory experience.
708h agoGenes with localized mRNAs that function in synapses show a greater genetic association with schizophrenia, and specific RNA-binding proteins, including RBFOX1/2/3, CELF4, HNRNPR, and nELAVL, regulate these mRNAs and converge on schizophrenia risk variants.
708h agoValproic acid exposure during embryonic development leads to social deficits through altered interactions between oxytocin neurons and microglia in the brain.
708h agoThe human brain directly perceives the number of objects in a scene within 50ms, and then later adjusts this perception based on spatial arrangement and context.
712h agoDendritic integration of spatially organized inputs generates a range of neuronal response properties, including simple, complex, and end-stopped selectivity, in the primary visual cortex.
712h agoPeople can incorporate spatial information into their visual working memory, as shown by faster response times and gaze biases towards anticipated locations, even when remembering a color.
712h agoSynapse-seq links a neuron's gene profile to its location and connections in the brain, allowing for a better understanding of brain function and organization.
712h agoSocial brain alterations in autism spectrum disorder follow a mix of categorical and dimensional architecture, with some brain regions showing deficits that correspond to diagnosis and symptom severity, and others showing deficits that relate only to symptom severity.
712h agoPrior expectations change how people perceive emotional sounds by shifting their perceived aversiveness towards what they expect to happen.
712h agoLocal motion alone is sufficient for perceiving human body movement, and areas in the brain that process body shape also encode motion cues.
712h agoSemantic distance between concepts influences brain responses differently for pictures and words, with brain activity patterns showing larger responses to distant concepts for pictures but closer concepts for words.
712h agoPrenatal androgenization increases calcium currents in GnRH neurons, disrupts their normal development, and alters potassium currents, leading to increased firing rate and contributing to neuroendocrine symptoms of PCOS.
712h agoA reinforcement learning model that incorporates feedback from the environment accurately captures neural responses to complex visual stimuli, performing as well as supervised and unsupervised models.
712h agoThe MSH3 protein's DNA binding pocket is crucial for the expansion of CAG repeats that drive Huntington's disease, and blocking this pocket can slow down the repeat expansion.
712h agoIncreased olfactory nerve output to threat-predictive odors and novel odors that evoke fear suggests that the brain's processing of smells matches the perception of threat.
712h agoUnderstanding the brain requires studying natural behavior in environments that match a species' ecology and allow them to perform evolved actions.
724h agoLong-term synaptic depression leads to robust spine shrinkage that requires new protein synthesis, but when multiple spines are stimulated, they compete for structural changes and only one spine shrinks, a competition that is absent in Fragile X Syndrome neurons where protein levels are abnormally elevated.
724h agoMore modular organization of functional brain networks before training predicts faster improvements in task-switching performance in children.
724h agoBSTpr Cartpt+ neurons mediate pup-directed aggression in male mice and a neural circuit mechanism involving these neurons may underlie the transition from aggression to parental care.
724h agoThe structure of events influences how people remember the timing and location of experiences, with more information within events leading to greater temporal compression.
724h agoThe basal ganglia's input nucleus, the striatum, contains diverse neuron types, including medium spiny neurons and interneurons, with distinct morphological, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic properties that vary spatially and functionally.
724h agoNeuronal networks grown on multi-electrode arrays exhibit bursting behavior that originates at a few network locations and propagates as waves of activity.
732h agoSPD Learn, a unified Python package, provides a modular way to integrate symmetric positive definite matrix-based neural networks into modern deep-learning workflows.
732h agoNeurons can release both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and this "bilingual" ability can lead to different dynamics and information-processing patterns in neural circuits.
732h agoHumans can rapidly learn and apply rules from sparse examples to solve abstract visual reasoning problems with high accuracy, but performance varies widely across problems and individuals.
732h agoCombining multiple large language models into a greater whole can be done using blueprints from cognitive models and artificial intelligence algorithms.
732h agoThe bottleneck in simulating large-scale spiking neuronal networks is the waiting time for the slowest compute node, not the communication speed between nodes.
732h agoRepresentational drift affects the encoding of fast-varying local motion features 5-6 times more than slower-varying scenery features.
732h agoA novel atlas-free brain network transformer approach produces more precise, robust, and generalizable brain network analyses than traditional atlas-based methods by using individualized brain parcellations derived from subject-specific fMRI data.
732h agoA single population of spiking neurons can learn and maintain a complete prediction object, which includes what will happen, when it will happen, and how likely it is, through biologically plausible learning rules.
732h agoAnimals combine a small set of basic motor patterns in flexible ways to meet different task demands, and a new framework called motif-based continuous dynamics discovery can capture this continuous process.
732h agoThe dynamics of metal cutting exhibit rich nonlinear phenomena, including stick-slip and stochastic bifurcations, and controlling initial tool displacement and workpiece surface roughness can help prevent chatter.
732h agoAdiabatic processes unify thermodynamics and dynamical systems, and researchers determine the extent to which reversible processes are possible in mixed phase spaces and explore how to fight dissipative losses using approximate counterdiabatic driving.
732h agoVortex filaments can have several types of excitation, including Kelvin waves and solitons that propagate along the filament.
732h agoNonlinear chiral steady states exist in coupled parametric oscillators with modulation phases that selectively amplify a circulating mode, retaining expected chirality and enabling robust nonreciprocal signal routing and amplification.
732h agoGrazing bifurcations of stable periodic motions in vibro-impact mechanics produce complicated attractors, but codimension-two scenarios can prevent this by eliminating a square-root term in the Poincaré map.
732h agoGenerative artificial intelligence helps discover new solutions to a complex physical model by generating synthetic trajectories that lead to 111 new periodic orbits in the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations.
732h agoThe study identifies a new intermediate "mesoscopic" regime in the q-TASEP model, where Poisson noise remains important, and obtains the large deviations of a particle's position through two methods.
732h agoThe mean-field approach allows obtaining statistical equilibrium relations that express how individual oscillators' time-averaged quantities depend on their internal parameters and interaction functions.
732h agoDiscrete equations derived from the fifth Painlev\'{e} equation have rational solutions expressed in terms of generalised Laguerre and Umemura polynomials.
732h agoThe study presents an explicit examination of $\hbar$-deformed meromorphic connections in $\mathfrak{gl}_3(\mathbb{C})$ and its spectral dual, and finds that their spectral duality extends to Hamiltonian evolutions, tau-functions, and matrix models.
732h agoThe velocity of self-similar solutions to two-dimensional Riemann problems for the isentropic Euler system is not in $H^1$ in the subsonic domain, indicating a complicated structure with potentially discontinuous velocity.
732h agoThe study finds that Ruelle-Pollicott resonances of qubit circuits reflect diffusive transport of magnetization through a Gaussian dependence on quasi-momentum, allowing extraction of the diffusion constant.
732h agoLazy cellular automata have a dynamical behavior that completely depends on the choice of a unique active transition and a fixed symbol, and their order is bounded by the fibers of the active transition, with this bound being attained when the active transition is a quasi-constant pattern.
732h agoMetric networks with specific structures have eigenvalue spectra with gaps whose widths increase when the distribution of edge lengths is narrow and as the number of triangular faces increases.
732h agoTriangular-lattice-like arrangements of magnetic impurities on a square lattice lead to a larger average staggered magnetization than random and square-lattice-like arrangements.
732h agoThe Ising spin-glass model with correlated disorder has physical quantities on the Nishimori line that can be expressed exactly in terms of those of the pure Ising model at an effective temperature.
732h agoGeneralization in Neural Network Gaussian process regression dynamics follows universal behavior across network architectures, which can be explained by a unified framework that captures typical case learning dynamics using a dynamical mean-field theory.
732h agoSubsystem operator Rényi entropy encodes spatial and temporal information to connect operator growth to transport in quantum systems, and captures both ballistic and sub-ballistic transport behaviors.
732h agoQuantum Phase Estimation algorithm works best with specific input and tuning guidelines to compute the ground-state energy of a quantum magnet.
732h agoAtomic-scale disorder can enhance superconducting properties under specific conditions by creating locally superconducting regions with a higher critical temperature.
732h agoNeurons can release both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and this "bilingual" ability can lead to different dynamics and information-processing patterns in neural circuits.
732h agoThe study identifies a new intermediate "mesoscopic" regime in the q-TASEP model, where Poisson noise remains important, and obtains the large deviations of a particle's position through two methods.
732h agoSpin glass theory helps understand the structure of near-minima of random functions, which plays a key role in high-dimensional statistics, statistical learning, and optimization algorithms.
732h agoSuperexponential spectral localization persists for any number of interacting quantum particles on a one-dimensional lattice under an external linear potential, regardless of interaction strength.
732h agoThe study finds that the transition from classical particle trapping to quantum transport in random potentials is characterized by a smooth increase in localization length, connecting the algebraic divergence of cluster size to Anderson localization.
732h agoSoftmax attention achieves optimal performance in a single-location regression task, outperforming linear attention, because it closely matches the ideal Bayes risk.
732h agoLanguage models organize information into geometric structures based on the natural patterns and relationships in the data they are trained on.
732h agoThe levels of certain fatty acid compounds increase to reduce pain through placebo effect, and this effect works differently depending on the levels of endogenous opioids.
732h agoVesicular glutamate transporters use proton gradients to load glutamate into synaptic vesicles and also allow chloride ions to leave through a channel-like conductance.
732h agoError modulation, which detects and corrects errors in real-time, improves the performance of brain-computer interfaces that control movement, such as computer cursor control, in individuals with motor or communication deficits.
732h agoThe TREM2-R47H variant impairs microglial clearance of pathological proteins and affects broader cellular networks, leading to early signs of neurodegeneration.
732h agoRepeated stress causes changes in the brain's nucleus accumbens, but these changes are due to learning to associate specific cues with threats, not just a general response to stress.
732h agoMental fatigue alters higher-order cognitive functions, but prior moderate aerobic exercise modulates its neurophysiological markers, preserves inhibitory control, and influences its impact on creative flexibility.
732h agoLoss of BRG1 function impairs inhibitory signaling, leading to increased seizure susceptibility by reducing GABAergic system activity, which can be alleviated by increasing GABA levels or treating with active vitamin B6.
732h agoScientists use a new metric, called Fused Gromov-Wasserstein (FGW), to find new photovoltaic materials by measuring similarities in composition and structure between crystalline materials.
736h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Combining pose estimation, automated clasping detection, and geometric analysis, researchers can extract detailed movement features from mice that reveal biologically meaningful motor microphenotypes not detectable by traditional categorical scoring.
736h agoThe nervous system suppresses tactile sensations on the arm during movement because it makes optimal use of uncertain predictions and sensory input to estimate the body's state.
736h agoIncluding ICA decomposition, artifact rejection, and cyclic permutations in a multivariate temporal-response function analysis improves the isolation of neural responses specific to phonetic and acoustic input variables.
736h agoBrain microstructure shapes alpha power in brain activity, with regional variations in microstructure correlating positively and individual variations correlating negatively with alpha power.
736h agoA pro-regenerative neutrophil subpopulation promotes spinal cord regeneration in larval zebrafish by controlling il1b expression in macrophages/microglia through il4.
736h agoThe brain's wiring shows a directional axis from sensory to association cortices, indicating information flows from basic sensory inputs to higher-level processing.
736h agoTheta-otDCS improves associative memory recognition, and individual cognitive abilities like processing speed, mnemonic binding, and figural reasoning influence the effects of tES on memory.
736h agoLesion network mapping provides evidence for meaningful differences in brain lesions and their symptoms, confirming the technique's specificity and validity.
736h agoThe plasma proteome distinguishes people with epilepsy who report central nervous system side effects from antiseizure medications from those who do not, with immune, autoimmune, and vascular-inflammation pathways linked to vulnerability to these side effects.
736h agoThe Zebrafish Pneumatic Injury Device (ZePID) delivers controlled and repeatable pressure pulses to induce traumatic brain injury in larval zebrafish with 97% accuracy in applied force.
736h agoThe article highlights some favorite cover suggestions from 2025.
744h agoLarge-scale cooperation has complex interaction patterns that produce nonlinear outcomes, which are critical to understanding real-world collective challenges.
744h agoAge, sex, and species influence the expression of matrix metalloproteinase genes in the brain after a stroke, with different patterns of increase and decrease seen across rats and mice, and between males and females of different ages.
744h agoMutations in the CYLD gene, specifically the M719V variant, cause frontotemporal dementia-like behavioral impairments and neurophysiological changes in mice by increasing CYLD activity.
744h agoToddlers as young as 2 years old show different brain activity patterns when looking at text compared to non-text symbols, with more activity in areas associated with language processing.
744h agoNanoencapsulating PUFAs improves their bioavailability and enhances their effects on brain health, particularly neuronal survival and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, when given to mice over 8 weeks.
744h agoSyndecan, a heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, regulates glial cell function and development in the Drosophila nervous system by controlling glial cell morphology, maintaining neuroblast populations, and mediating interactions between glia and the extracellular environment.
744h agoSympathetic nervous system signals, measured through cardiac contractility, link with brain activity, emotional experience, and behavior, and predict how people respond to threats.
744h agoElevated levels of cyclic GMP AMP synthase (cGAS) contribute to TDP43 pathology and RNA splicing defects in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and inhibiting cGAS can reverse these abnormalities and slow neurodegeneration.
748h agoNeuronal Top2a is required for social behavior in mice, and inhibiting PRC2 with tazemetostat can rescue social deficits caused by Top2a deficiency.
748h agoAlpha traveling waves reflect general cognitive strategies rather than specific predictive processes.
748h agoTNAP enzyme activity promotes neuroblastoma cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation, and neurite sprouting by regulating cell metabolism, including decreasing proteinogenic amino acids and altering organosulfur compounds.
748h agoExpectations modulate sensory processing differently depending on stimulus complexity, enhancing processing of unexpected stimuli during lateral and feedback processes but not feedforward processes, and this effect is confined to attended features.
748h agoMammals' motor cortex uses two types of cells, M2 interneurons and pyramidal cells, to process spatial information, with each type having distinct characteristics in representing place, head direction, and grid fields.
748h agoParkinson's disease models, including G51D α-synuclein knock-in mice, show that loss of primary cilia in certain brain cells correlates with α-synuclein accumulation, potentially contributing to motor impairment and olfactory dysfunction.
748h agoTheta oscillations in the right hemisphere of the brain play a critical role in encoding and recalling spatial information during navigation.
748h agoAlzheimer's disease causes volume changes in 231 brain regions in mice, and these changes are linked to differences in behavior.
752h agoPersonalized brain-decoding models can track spontaneous pain in individuals with chronic pain using intensive longitudinal fMRI data.
752h agoA new model called NOBEL unifies different types of brain signals, such as electromagnetic and metabolic signals, to provide a more complete understanding of brain activity.
756h agoSynaptic imprecision affects information transmission in the brain differently under various decoding schemes, with signal-to-noise ratio either remaining insensitive, scaling linearly or sublinearly with population size, or saturating, depending on the decoding scheme and level of coarse-tuning.
756h agoBayesian confidence estimates are driven more by evidence that supports a decision than by evidence that does not, even when the evidence space is complex and has many alternatives.
756h agoThe human subject is missing in current representations of Superintelligence misalignment, which lays the groundwork for anti-social harm and requires re-centering to understand emergent misalignment as a relational instability between humans and machines.
756h agoBrainScaleS-2 system accurately emulates a single synapse following a calcium-based plasticity rule, by mapping calcium dynamics to analog circuits and solving plasticity rule equations on embedded digital processors.
756h agoA general framework for constructing birational involutions on two- and three-dimensional varieties is found, leading to new cases including involutions along conics, nodal cubic curves, quadratic cones, and Cayley nodal cubic surfaces.
756h agoCoupling and superposing chaotic dynamics of critical and tricritical intermittencies produces time sequences that mimic biological-type spike trains, similar to those found in the fluctuations of a biological neuron's membrane potential.
756h agoThe geometric boundaries of protein secondary structures, such as helices and coils, exhibit a sharp, step-like transition with a median width of 0.145 residues.
756h agoDense suspensions of self-propelled bacteria exhibit spontaneous flow generation, vortex formation, and chaotic dynamics, similar to classical turbulence, due to nonequilibrium mechanisms.
756h agoThe approach constructs three-dimensional lattice models using line defects in state integral models on shaped triangulations of 3-manifolds, implying integrability through a variant of the tetrahedron equation.
756h agoThe chaotic quantum diffusion model enables efficient learning of quantum data distributions with less implementation overhead and comparable accuracy to existing models.
756h agoThe behavioral strategy of individual female camelids shapes population-level properties, including group size and fitness distribution, and is modulated by factors such as population density, sex ratio, and system heterogeneity.
756h agoThe integrability of Hamiltonian systems in 2D spaces with variable curvature depends on arithmetic restrictions on parameter values.
756h agoThe behaviour of solutions to the Korteweg--de Vries equation in the complex plane is determined by complex-plane singularities, which emerge from double-pole singularities of the initial condition and propagate at speeds of $\mathcal{O}(t^{-2/3})$.
756h agoA novel integrability condition for the Riccati equation is obtained, which provides a general analytical solution with free parameters and useful mathematical criteria for analyzing nonlinear phenomena.
756h agoThe developed approach describes the statistical behavior of finite-size fluctuations in the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model, obtaining explicit expressions for the covariance function and variance of the complex order parameter.
756h agoSpace-time modulation in an electro-mechanical system with coupled cantilevers generates three types of breather responses, including period doubling, period-halving, and commensurate frequencies, and creates a variety of stable breathers.
756h agoNon-stabilizerness in quantum circuits thermalizes to its average value when non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
756h agoThe measurement-and-feedback control of quantum chaotic dynamics has universal features that are set by uncertainty-limited quantum fluctuations.
756h agoA Lagrangian formulation of Hitchin's self-duality equations is constructed from a four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory, linking the equations to a family of symplectic structures and a twistor parameter on the Hitchin moduli space.
756h agoThe Dirac spectrum in a sine-Gordon soliton background reduces to a Heun-type differential equation, enabling a systematic analysis of spinor bound and scattering states.
756h agoGlass stability affects high-frequency vibrational modes, but not low-frequency ones, and reduces two-level states, according to a study on ultra-stable and conventional glasses.
756h agoThermal activation causes correlated rearrangements in amorphous solids, leading to a transition from intermittent avalanche dynamics to thermally assisted flow at a critical temperature that depends on system size.
756h agoTeleporting logical states of a topological surface code is achieved on a superconducting quantum processor with 125 qubits, with code distances up to 7.
756h agoThe spin-$1/2$ $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model on the square lattice has an intermediate phase between N\'eel antiferromagnetic and stripe ordered regimes that may be a plaquette valence bond, nematic, or quantum spin liquid ground state.
756h agoA hardware-friendly protocol simulates non-Hermitian dynamics on near-term quantum devices without continuous monitoring by using classical Gaussian white-noise averaging and stochastic quantum error mitigation.
756h agoThe Fused Gromov-Wasserstein metric effectively identifies similar crystalline materials by balancing structural and compositional similarity, and it discovers seven new high-efficiency photovoltaic materials.
756h agoThe study presents a quantitative theoretical description of matter-wave dynamics in a disordered quantum system, explaining the three-dimensional Anderson transition observed in a recent experiment.
756h agoThe two-dimensional model of random networks of metallic nanowires or carbon nanotubes overestimates the number of contacts between elements, leading to overestimates of electrical conductivity, whereas a three-dimensional model shows a more accurate linear dependence on conductor density.
756h agoThe Prometheus framework detects critical temperatures and extracts critical exponents with high accuracy in 3D classical and quantum many-body systems, and identifies different types of critical behavior using unsupervised learning.
756h agoNon-stabilizerness in quantum circuits thermalizes to its average value when non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
756h agoHyperbolic GRU neural quantum state ansatz performs comparably to or better than Euclidean RNNs in approximating ground state energy for quantum many-body systems.
756h agoThe measurement-and-feedback control of quantum chaotic dynamics has universal features that are set by uncertainty-limited quantum fluctuations.
756h agoThe interaction between gut and brain cells can promote brain cell maturation and trigger neurodegenerative disease manifestations, and a new in vitro system enables systematic investigation of this gut-brain interaction in Alzheimer's disease.
756h agoAPOLLO, an autoencoder-based framework, integrates diverse data modalities while preserving shared and modality-specific information, enabling prediction of missing data and identification of each modality's influence on a phenotype.
760h agoPraying to a transcendent God and an immanent God activates different brain areas, with practitioners of immanent God perception showing thalamus deactivation, indicating a reduction in external stimuli perception, and Christians showing thalamus activation, suggesting a dialogue with an external entity.
764h agoCombining a specific type of local anesthetic with a pain-activating compound provides prolonged pain relief without motor impairment or nerve damage.
768h agoKetamine's effects on brain dynamics depend on its dose, with low doses impairing excito-inhibitory neurotransmission and higher doses also affecting excito-excitatory connections.
768h agoIncreased myelination in the cerebellum is associated with faster learning rates, while increased myelination and iron in the precentral gyrus relates to noisier learning, reflecting individual differences in reward learning.
768h agoTopographic organization, where neighboring neurons respond to similar stimulus parameters, emerges spontaneously in artificial neural networks and plays an important role in model performance.
768h agoA Bayesian extension of the generalized synthetic control method, called GSC FPCA, estimates the causal effect of adolescent binge drinking on brain volumes by treating individual outcome paths as smooth latent trajectories and accommodating irregularly spaced measurements.
768h agoThe default mode network's subnetworks become more distinct and separate from each other and other networks as people age from 5 to 21, and this process is linked to better memory.
768h agoPhysical exercise changes brain activity and rewires its networks differently in male and female mice by altering the expression of the protein DeltaFOSB.
768h agoViral encephalitis changes the way immune cells respond to amyloid-beta plaques in the brain, making them less able to clear the plaques.
768h agoThe inception loop framework maps neuronal invariances in mouse V1, revealing a bipartite receptive-field organization linked to segmentation and a synaptic-level hierarchy of increasing invariance.
776h agoSkilled performance is supported by the early formation of a compact repertoire of expert multi-digit synergies that emerge preferentially across rest periods and predict subsequent skill gains.
776h agoThe brain's multiple-demand system, which helps with cognitive control, shows similar patterns of activity in humans and macaques when performing tasks that require decision-making and problem-solving.
776h agoPrioritization in working memory shields the prioritized item from bias, and this effect is associated with a 15 Hz neural oscillation that transforms the unprioritized item.
776h agoSCN2A gene variants associated with autism spectrum disorder cause a loss of function in NaV1.2 channels, and interfere with normal channel function in a dominant negative way.
776h agoSYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency accelerates the maturation of GABAergic neurons, leading to changes in dendritic length, synaptic density, and synaptic structures.
776h agoVisuosemantic representations in the fusiform gyrus support true recognition of fonts, but false recognition of fonts similar to previously seen word-fonts occurs through a different pathway.
776h agoA new framework classifies individualized brain networks without needing to align nodes, and it improves diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia over existing models.
780h agoThe development of the theory of coupled oscillators and synchronization over the past half century is reviewed, focusing on three key works: deriving the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, creating a solvable model of synchronization phase transition, and discovering chimera states.
780h agoThe exponential divergence between nearby trajectories in chaotic orbits happens in a sharp and abrupt multiplicative process at turning points, not in a continuous manner.
780h agoThe variable-length double pendulum system exhibits intricate dynamics, including high-order resonances, chaos, and bifurcations, which are comprehensively analyzed using a novel tool called Lyapunov refined maps.
780h agoThe largest Lyapunov exponent in classical many-body systems with local interactions is bounded by constraints that arise from instantaneous stability constraints on the Hamiltonian flow, limiting chaotic growth.
780h agoAuxiliary field techniques generate infinite families of models in electrodynamics and sigma models while preserving key properties, and their relations are governed by Legendre transformations and field redefinitions.
780h agoTipping points occur when a small change in a system's parameters leads to a large change in its properties, and this change can be abrupt and irreversible.
780h agoA three-layer Body-Reservoir Governance architecture enables cooperation in repeated games by reducing strategy complexity cost through embodied dynamics, allowing for a minimum-dissipation response that outperforms traditional game theory strategies.
780h agoThe half-wave maps equation has a unique and continuous flow map for data in the critical energy space, with solutions showing almost periodicity in time and quasi-periodicity for rational initial data.
780h agoEmpathy in artificial agents leads to robust cooperation in multi-agent situations, and cooperation emerges when empathy is reciprocated, not through explicit communication or reward.
780h agoMagnetic hopfions in chiral magnets are localized in three dimensions and a simple analytical model determines their spatial profile and region of equilibrium on a helimagnet's phase diagram.
780h agoDynamically switching existing network links among system elements induces inter-layer synchronization in a double-layer network of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators with sparse inter-layer connectivity.
780h agoThe superintegrability property of the Volterra model applies to the case of infinitely many competing species.
780h agoOptical thermodynamics describes a Rayleigh-Jeans modal power distribution in multimoded nonlinear photonic circuits, and a new theory extends this to systems with strong nonlinear mode-mode interactions.
780h agoStochastic resetting of dynamical systems to their initial conditions reduces chaos by decreasing the Lyapunov exponent and butterfly velocity, and can induce a phase transition that arrests the spread of information.
780h agoAdding stochastic resetting to chaotic many-body systems causes a sharp dynamical phase transition where the Lyapunov exponents abruptly collapse to zero above a critical resetting rate.
780h agoA stochastic version of the one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation shows a phase transition at a finite temperature, with dynamics that depend on noise strength.
780h agoShannon transfer entropy helps identify causally coherent motions in turbulent flows by detecting sources and targets in dynamical systems using time series.
780h agoA simple model recalls two different patterns at different temperatures by embedding them into fully connected and sparse graphs.
780h agoSpectral decimation provides a quantitative probe of emergent symmetries in statistically mixed spectra by linking spectral statistics to Hilbert-space structure.
780h agoActivity modifies force distributions in dense assemblies of active particles, leading to deformation, plasticity, and yielding, and follows a scaling law where the critical active forcing magnitude for the jammed phase to yield scales with virial pressure.
780h agoStrong disorder causes semiconducting-like behavior in the electrical resistivity of Remeika-phase cage compounds R$_3$Co$_4$Ge$_{13}$ (R = Y, Lu) due to its unique crystal structure and low carrier-density.
780h agoA three-dimensional medium with average isotropy and inversion symmetry can have systematically broken time-reversal symmetry, yielding a statistical topological insulator with protected topological phase and gapless surface spectrum.
780h agoPretraining on a source task improves generalization on a target task in infinitely wide neural networks when the pretraining data regime, task alignment, and feature learning strength are favorable.
780h agoBrain microglia respond quickly and effectively to demyelination, supporting remyelination, while spinal cord microglia respond slowly and in a dysfunctional way, which may hinder myelin repair.
780h agoIncreasing the expression of a normal gene called CRX helps to prevent the degeneration of photoreceptor cells in the retina and improves their function in mouse models of inherited retinal disease.
780h agoA dataset of 33 upper-limb gestures supports the use of Virtual Reality-based Action Observation Treatment (VR-AOT) to help patients recover motor function.
780h agoA specific group of neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex helps regulate precise movements by integrating sensory feedback during phases requiring fine motor refinement.
784h agoSystemic metabolic dysfunction drives sleep disruption in TDP-43 proteinopathy, and correcting this metabolic defect can rescue sleep.
784h agoThe Modular Bionic Interface (MBI) system enables high-bandwidth, bidirectional communication with the nervous system through a fully implantable device and a worn unit, allowing for recording and stimulation capabilities.
784h agoStatins increase production of the protein STMN2, which helps nerve cells grow and repair, by activating a specific genetic pathway that involves the ATF3 protein.
784h agoA new genetic toolset allows selective labeling and manipulation of major neuronal populations in the mammalian basal ganglia, enabling cross-species targeting between mice and macaques.
784h agoThe Hspa8G470R modifier suppresses spinal muscular atrophy in model mice by increasing SMN protein, reducing motor neuron degeneration, and improving neuromuscular function, and also stimulates neuromuscular transmission.
784h agoElectrical stimulation, but not ultrasound stimulation, speeds up memory recall by making it more efficient, although neither method improves the accuracy of recalling relationships between unrelated elements.
784h agoLive actions engage perceptual systems more strongly than video-based actions, imposing a greater cognitive cost and eliciting different neural responses.
784h agoHuman tau and amyloid-beta pathology change the way tau spreads through brain circuits, leading to an Alzheimer's-like pattern of tau accumulation and impaired brain function.
784h agoPigs with a maternal UBE3A deletion exhibit elevated delta power on electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings during wakefulness and sleep, similar to humans with Angelman syndrome.
784h agoThe imbalance of gut microbiota and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the gut exacerbate corticospinal tract injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by damaging the gut barrier and promoting inflammation in the brain.
784h agoInterleukin-1beta causes loss of appetite through two distinct phases: an initial rapid inhibition of appetite neurons by prostaglandin signaling through non-vagal sensory nerves, and a later phase that depends on vagal sensory nerves.
784h agoFitting generative whole-brain models to neuroimaging data improves the accuracy of brain-symptom associations by mitigating the effects of activity mixing, yielding personalized parameters that capture individual brain network dynamics and provide more accurate mechanistic biomarkers for brain disorders.
784h agoScientists have developed a new method called NARCH that allows for reversible and precise inhibition of specific receptors in certain brain cells, enabling the study of neural circuits and behavior.
784h agoGFAP filaments are built from helical polymers assembled from coiled-coil tetramers that form a complex tube, with low-complexity head domains and tail domains contributing to its unique structure.
784h agoIndividuals with 16p11.2 copy number variations have altered levels of certain proteins in their blood cells, which correlate with the severity of their autistic symptoms.
796h agoPredictive signals from the orbitofrontal cortex suppress the auditory cortex via inhibitory circuits, helping to explain how people get used to sounds.
800h agoThe psychological pressure caused by pursuing a streak goal leads to an inverted-U pattern in performance, where performance improves then declines under high pressure.
800h agoMotor learning changes activity in multiple brain areas and reorganizes large-scale cortical network interactions.
800h agoThe frontopolar cortex integrates auditory information into behaviorally relevant signals, forming abstract representations of learned and novel sounds that help with decision-making.
800h agoIncreased survival of premyelinating oligodendrocytes drives the regeneration of oligodendrocytes after demyelinating injury and modulates the rate of oligodendrocyte production with age.
800h agoDiffuse predictions alter the neural representations in working memory by changing their geometric layout and stabilizing the neural code during encoding.
800h agoThe brain predicts physical outcomes by using a geometric propagation process that preserves sensory topology, allowing it to simulate and learn about the world in a spatially structured way.
804h agoWhite matter tracks in the brain facilitate large-scale neural synchronisation by dynamically coupling remote grey matter areas, and their functional organisation declines with age, affecting cognitive performance.
804h agoModularity is a fundamental organizing principle of the motor system, enabling the brain to decompose complex movement tasks into simpler subproblems solved by specialized modules.
804h agoA new training framework helps EEG-based neural decoding models generalize across different acquisition sites by mitigating site-dependent biases.
804h agoMimicking how the brain learns through pruning allows solving machine learning problems with much fewer computational resources and no labels, while improving model accuracy.
804h agoThe study decodes self-paced locomotion speed accurately and continuously using non-invasive EEG recordings from rats, achieving a correlation of 0.88 between decoded and actual speed.
804h agoModularity supports efficient learning and strong generalization abilities in both human and artificial intelligence.
804h agoBiological intelligence emerges as a macroscopic order parameter sustained by continuous metabolic flux, and is maintained near a critical regime by continuous metabolic regulation.
804h agoA functionalist approach to emotion is explored through a mathematical reinforcement learning framework that aligns with emotional valence in biological systems and explains psychological phenomena such as humor, psychopathy, and advertising.
804h agoA new approach trains recurrent neural networks to reproduce human and animal behaviour in cognitive tasks, automatically discovering viable neural mechanisms without needing human intervention.
804h agoKINESIS, a model-free motion imitation framework, learns to generate human-like movement by imitating 1.8 hours of locomotion data and deploying on various tasks, producing muscle activity patterns that match human EMG activity.
804h agoA hyperbolic system of hydrodynamic type with n symmetries can be expressed in a coordinate system where its generator and all symmetries are diagonal.
804h agoA network model combining preferential and uniform attachment with two edge deletion mechanisms results in three possible asymptotic degree distributions: power-law, exponential, and a critical regime with stretched exponential decay.
804h agoA new analytical framework uses mathematical tools to model human-induced forces with hybrid oscillators, providing an iterative algorithm for nonlinear effects and conditions for converging different approaches.
804h agoInteractions between subsystems can lead to safe overshoots of tipping points, where a system temporarily exceeds a critical threshold without causing abrupt change.
804h agoThe templex provides a topological description of chaotic attractors, bridging homologies and templates, and offers a functorial formulation that establishes a rigorous foundation for a theory of chaos topology and a topological criterion for finite-time chaos.
804h agoLarge-scale machine learning models can adapt to new physical settings without retraining, using a process called in-context learning, where they forecast different dynamical systems by identifying key patterns and invariant sets.
804h agoVortex necklace-shaped solitons with large winding numbers are stable in a setup with Kerr nonlinearity and a Bessel-lattice potential, and can take on various forms including single- and multi-ring patterns.
804h agoSharp corners on obstacles control the critical flow velocity for vortex nucleation in two-dimensional superflows.
804h agoAdding opinion latency to the Sznajd model results in one dominant opinion for low latency, but allows for stable coexistence of two opinions for high latency, with more than two opinions never coexisting stably.
804h agoTwo-parameter families of matrix product operators that commute with the Heisenberg spin chain Hamiltonian are discovered for the XXX, XXZ, and XYZ cases.
804h agoFlame regimes in mesoscale combustors exhibit unique dynamic characteristics, and analysis of these characteristics using Recurrence Quantification Analysis and machine learning can classify and identify distinct flame regimes.
804h agoA data-driven stochastic closure model restores the correct timing and magnitude of variance growth across scales in turbulent dynamics.
804h agoA new method characterizes the distribution of length-scales in finite, disordered patterns with radial symmetry, allowing it to distinguish between regular patterns, diffusion-limited aggregation patterns, and patterns formed by drying colloid-laden droplets.
804h agoThe solution to the focusing coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation has a long-time asymptotic expansion that is a multi-soliton with parameters modulated by soliton interactions, with a residual error of order $\mathcal{O}\left(t^{-3 / 4+1/(2p)}\right)$.
804h agoFinite-dimensional systems describing invariant solutions of partial differential equations inherit local Hamiltonian operators through invariant reduction, which endows the reduced systems with Poisson bivectors that relate constants of motion to symmetries.
804h agoNon-reciprocal adaptive couplings in Kuramoto models induce metastability of anti-phase synchronized clusters of oscillators, a characteristic typical of brain dynamics.
804h agoThe sangkuriang library solves the Korteweg-de Vries equation, which describes nonlinear wave physics and soliton behavior, using Fourier pseudo-spectral spatial discretization and adaptive time integration.
804h agoThe elliptic Toda chain and elliptic Ruijsenaars-Toda chain are particular cases of the elliptic Ruijsenaars chain.
804h agoThe classical integrable elliptic Toda chain is adapted to create an open elliptic Toda chain with boundary terms using the factorized form of the Lax matrix and gauge equivalence with the XYZ chain.
804h agoA new method that incorporates physical equations into a neural network framework accurately models turbulence, but has limitations in maintaining scale invariance near the cutoff.
804h agoSynchronization of two remote agents' clocks is possible through exposure to common environmental noise, even when the noise is strong, allowing them to estimate each other's phase effectively.
804h agoThe representation of protein backbone geometry through a mathematical equation provides a connection between biological structure and integrable systems, allowing for the identification of structural cores and feasible inverse backbone design within specific geometric boundaries.
804h agoThe performance of quantum annealing for optimization problems is limited by the minimum energy gap, which scales unfavorably with system size for 2D spin glasses but follows a relatively slow power law for dense connectivity models.
804h agoLithium and sodium lose crystalline order when cooled, and their close-packed structures show similar conductance, but conductance becomes sensitive to layer arrangement when next-nearest-neighbour layer hopping occurs.
804h agoManipulating overdamped dynamics through local update rules enables control over rate-dependent elastic responses, material properties, and relaxation processes in many-particle systems.
804h agoA physics-integrated analysis pipeline estimates internal electrochemical states in lithium-ion battery composite electrodes using X-ray absorption data, revealing distinct reaction propagation behaviors governed by electrolyte concentration-dependent conductivity.
804h agoFluctuations in the measurement rate disrupt the volume-law phase and cause an entanglement phase transition with ultrafast dynamics at a critical measurement rate.
804h agoCritical states in disordered quantum systems have a matching spatial structure in both position and momentum spaces, which distinguishes them from extended or localized states.
804h agoThe momentum distribution of a state's translation operator directly encodes the nature of its entanglement in one-dimensional systems.
804h agoCorrelations across layers in multilayer networks amplify their geometry, leading to abnormally high mutual clustering, where triangles among the same nodes persist across layers.
804h agoInfants have faster recovery from cortical adaptation than children and adults, and the brain's ability to adapt and connect different regions changes from infancy to adulthood.
804h agoVGluT3 modulates the structural organization and behavioral output of DRN 5-HT neurons, affecting motor coordination, anxiety-like behavior, repetitive behavior, and social behavior.
804h agoThe p75 neurotrophin receptor contributes to Alzheimer's disease tauopathy by enhancing the activity of the RhoA-ROCK pathway, leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment.
804h agoA 78-kb insertion between the genes HAPSTR2 and SOX3 leads to Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type CMTX3 by causing spatiotemporal dysregulation of SOX3 expression.
804h agoActivating nicotinic receptors on thalamic axons in the primary visual cortex with nicotine causes widespread and varied changes in neural gain across different layers of the cortex.
804h agoA single virtual salsa class improves mood, stress, and social connection, with changes in negative affect influenced by the neuroticism personality trait.
808h agoNeuromodulation and activity constrain the ionic conductances that generate rhythmic activity in neurons, with neuromodulators having similar effects on different cells and activity having cell-type-specific effects.
808h agoVoluntary exercise increases inputs to hippocampal dentate granule cells from the lateral entorhinal cortex, but not the medial entorhinal cortex, due to upstream drive from the lateral entorhinal cortex.
808h agoMitochondrial complex I disruption affects sleep differently depending on its severity, with partial inhibition leading to sleep loss and severe loss causing locomotor deficits.
808h agoMultivariate extensions of functional connectivity estimators outperform bivariate estimators in detecting brain differences between MCI subjects and healthy controls.
808h agoGenerative AI has potential to address socio-economic challenges, but obstacles exist for creating locally adapted AI tools for fair development in low- and middle-income countries.
812h agoAn unsupervised method restores high-quality Raman hyperspectral images from low-light measurements, enabling faster and lower-power imaging.
812h agoComputation can occur in ultra-sparse neural networks with simple unidirectional ring-like connectivity, producing rich feature sets while requiring fewer network parameters.
812h agoPhysical and observational practice lead to comparable behavioral outcomes under strong disruption, but rely on partially distinct neural strategies.
812h agoMild traumatic brain injuries cause impaired spatial memory in mice, and male mice are more affected than female mice, with differences also seen in interval timing and object recognition.
812h agoReln gene haploinsufficiency alters opioid-evoked neuronal activation and behavioral adaptation to changing reinforcement conditions, but does not modify baseline opioid reinforcement or relapse-like behavior.
812h agoThe cerebral cortex's spontaneous activity and responses to complex stimuli are constrained to a low-dimensional space, which captures both resting and task-related neural responses.
812h agoPrnd helps promote recovery after a stroke by aiding in vascular remodeling and functional recovery, and its overexpression in endothelial cells enhances angiogenesis and neuronal survival.
812h agoThe visual cortex represents discrete numbers from continuous input through normalized local contrast.
812h agoNeural oscillations are linked to neuronal activity through dynamically recurring multi-frequency patterns, called spectral motifs, rather than through power in individual frequency bands.
812h agoVagus nerve stimulation reduces seizure susceptibility by changing the gut microbiome and butyrate levels through vagus nerve-dependent signaling.
812h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) improves the efficiency of semantic retrieval in healthy adults.
812h agoDistraction reduces taste intensity and pleasantness by redistributing processing resources to visual and attentional systems, rather than suppressing activity in the gustatory cortex.
816h agoApplying quality control to mouse brain connectivity experiments identified inaccurate data, resulting in revised connectomes that show strong losses and gains in connectivity between brain regions, and subtle changes in overall brain organization.
816h agoGlial defects lead to inefficient clearance of dying cells, which alters immune dynamics at the brain's periphery and changes the way immune cells interact with the brain during aging.
816h agoSubspaces from deep-learning models reveal functional properties of neuronal subtypes and describe a framework for efficient coding of natural sounds.
824h agoThe human brain shows robust scaling behaviors of collective dynamics across different scales, with similar patterns to those found in populations of spiking neurons.
828h agoNoisy recurrent neural networks generate replay activity by following time-varying gradients and can be improved by using hidden state leakage, adaptation, and momentum to speed up replay while maintaining exploration.
828h agoCriticality provides a unifying framework for linking structure, dynamics, and function in deep neural networks, and networks poised at criticality show improved robustness, accuracy, and resilience.
828h agoA new method accurately decodes brain states from fMRI scans, achieving accuracy rates of 97.07-99.74% across seven different brain activity tasks.
828h agoHuman social perception depends on simple 3D pose information.
828h agoA simple oval-like billiard exhibits a dynamical phase transition from integrability to non-integrability as its boundary shape becomes more irregular, following a universal scaling law.
828h agoA transition from integrable to non-integrable dynamics occurs in an oval billiard as a deformation parameter changes the boundary shape from circular to oval.
828h agoThe nonlinear dynamics of a magnetic pendulum show bistable and tristable potentials depending on the currents in two coils, leading to complex behaviors like amplitude jumps, hysteresis, and multistability.
828h agoDeforming Hamiltonian differential equations while retaining integrability is achieved by Poisson commuting a subalgebra of integrals with a set of functions.
828h agoAdaptive coupling in networks of interacting neurons leads to transitions through various synchronization regimes, including traveling waves, synchronized states, and chimera states, as the network adapts through Hebbian learning.
828h agoA Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical cavity exhibits localization of matter waves without two-body interactions, and shows bistability and pseudodegeneracy in certain parameter regimes.
828h agoScaling invariance provides a unifying language for understanding structure, transport, and criticality in nonlinear systems, bridging deterministic dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical physics.
828h agoPeriodic integrable Markov models, constructed from set-theoretical solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, are equivalent to twisted Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process (SSEP) models, and their long-time dynamics have distinct stationary states that can transition with changes in the twist.
828h agoA data-driven method accurately estimates missing power load values in large-scale power grids using a linear regression algorithm and statistical correlations within synthetic training datasets.
828h agoQuantum localization encodes the hierarchical stickiness that governs transport in mixed classical phase spaces, and the participation ratio of coherent states resolves the same layered structure that appears classically.
828h agoA class of nonlinear evolution equations is constructed using invariants of a projective transformation group, and some symmetry-integrable equations are identified within this class.
828h agoA dynamic environmental feedback mechanism drives a coevolutionary model of cooperative behavior toward a range of steady-state structures, including full cooperation, full defection, and stable coexistence.
828h agoA data-driven method constructs the pseudo-resolvent from time-series data to analyse the Koopman operator, suppressing spectral pollution and accurately resolving eigenvalues and spectral components.
828h agoDisordered materials with nonlinear response mechanisms can be used as solid-state atomic-scale reservoirs for energy-efficient machine learning tasks.
828h agoThe order parameter in spin glasses synchronizes when two systems with independent disorders are coupled, with the effect depending on the strength of the coupling between the systems.
828h agoClassical algorithms outperform graph neural networks in solving hard optimization problems.
828h agoThe analysis of high-dimensional Gaussian single-index models shows that the landscape of empirical risk minimization can be simplified to explicit variational problems, providing detailed predictions for properties of critical points.
828h agoThe human brain shows robust scaling behaviors of collective dynamics across different scales, with similar patterns to those found in populations of spiking neurons.
828h agoThe time-dependent diffusion spreadability can determine the microstructure of two-phase heterogeneous media across length scales by extracting the infinite-wavelength scaling exponent from long-time spreadability data.
828h agoThe study calculates critical exponents of the zero-temperature spin glass transition in a field on a one-dimensional long-range model, providing benchmarks for numerical simulations.
828h agoThe analysis of the 3D ±J XY spin-glass model yields highly precise critical temperatures and exponents that support the spin chirality decoupling picture.
828h agoCeramide accumulation disrupts retinal pigment epithelium function, leading to photoreceptor dysfunction and vision loss in Stargardt disease, by affecting cell communication and integrity.
832h agoThe actin/spectrin membrane-associated periodic skeleton in peripheral nerves is composed of discrete nanoscale clusters of βII-spectrin, which are organized in a non-random pattern along the axonal perimeter.
840h agoRARB gene variants cause a disorder characterized by multiple birth defects, developmental delay, and dystonia by compromising striatal integrity and function, likely through a dominant-negative mechanism.
844h agoDifferent psychiatric disorders have distinct patterns of altered information integration between brain regions, with schizophrenia and autism showing reduced synergy, ADHD showing increased synergy, and autism also showing reduced redundancy.
848h agoScientists have developed a new type of neural progenitor cell that can trace its own connections in the brain, allowing researchers to see how it integrates with existing brain circuits.
848h agoThe RVLM region of the brainstem controls cerebral blood flow by activating a pathway that leads to the dilation of blood vessels and increased blood flow to the cortex.
852h agoADHD is associated with reduced cellularity in white matter tracts in the brain, particularly in late childhood, and with some changes persisting into early adolescence.
852h agoA neural circuit in male Drosophila regulates the decision to flee during fighting, implementing a probabilistic strategy predicted by evolutionary game theory to balance the benefits and costs of social conflict.
856h agoMutations in NRXN1 affect its function, with bi-allelic mutations causing more severe impacts on molecular, synaptic, and functional phenotypes than mono-allelic mutations.
868h agoThe hippocampus processes region-specific information from different sensory inputs through a timing-based code, rather than through separate and distinct neural circuits.
876h agoAdolescence brain development is driven by 36 enhancer-driven gene regulatory networks that are active mainly in oligodendrocytes and change dynamically from childhood to adolescence.
876h agoPrior spatial knowledge interacts with the automatic extraction of navigational affordances, and this influence is stronger in older adults, causing them to take longer to process complex scenes.
876h agoMethylglyoxal does not cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo and does not affect its barrier properties.
880h agoA generative framework models human brain functional connectivity features, retaining key network metrics and differences associated with demographic and cognitive variables, and identifies discriminative connectivity features linked to these variables.
880h agoExtended task episodes trigger a distinct program of neural activity across the entire cortex at their beginnings and completions, which is separate from other factors involved in task execution.
880h agoAlpha-band oscillations affect visual perception by suppressing sensory evidence and baseline sensory noise, with power and phase having different effects on visual sensitivity.
880h agoNeurons target specific parts of other neurons, and a new computational pipeline can efficiently classify and map these targets, revealing patterns in how neurons connect.
884h agoBasal forebrain cholinergic and midbrain dopaminergic systems work together to encode prediction errors, with coordinated interactions between them controlling associative learning functions.
884h agoThe parafascicular nucleus plays a key role in controlling both physical movements and automatic bodily functions, and its stimulation can also induce aversive emotional responses.
884h agoThe type of explicit strategy used does not change the implicit recalibration process during visuomotor adaptation.
884h agoBrain-like structural constraints in artificial neural networks give rise to functional organization similar to that found in the human cortex.
884h agoA dual-color miniature endoscope enables simultaneous calcium imaging from two neuronal populations, revealing that direct and indirect pathway neurons exhibit complementary dynamics that govern movement velocity in freely moving mice.
884h agoKAT7 epigenetic regulator activates mitochondrial immune response in microglia, leading to chronic neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.
884h agoExperience ordering can produce durable behavioral divergence in artificial agents when learning is consolidated into internal parameters, but not when it relies on external memory.
888h agoA new imaging platform called TR-LSCI allows for high-speed, wide-field imaging of cerebral blood flow dynamics, enabling the detection of spatially heterogeneous and pulsatile blood flow changes in response to changes in intracranial pressure and arterial blood pressure.
888h agoBrain tumours cause changes in neural networks, triggering compensatory mechanisms that help preserve cognitive function, and surgical strategies that preserve these changes can promote sustained cognitive function.
888h agoMutations in FUS cause ALS by accumulating FUS-positive aggregates at synaptic terminals, reducing microtubule stability, but inducing autophagy can reduce aggregates and restore synaptic structure and function.
888h agoReducing cognitive demand makes decisions faster, but does not improve choice performance when people are faced with a large number of options.
888h agoTau pathology spreads from entorhinal cortex to hippocampal CA1 neurons in a similar way in males and females, but females show broader cognitive impairment and distinct neuroimmune responses that contribute to their increased vulnerability.
888h agoThe brain's visual processing dynamically shifts to prioritize information relevant to a task, reconfiguring object category representations to optimize performance in different naturalistic tasks.
888h agoBrain signals of people listening to stories show similar patterns, which are mainly driven by basic acoustic features rather than linguistic meaning.
888h agoIncreased heterogeneity, synapse-like noise, and a depolarized chloride reversal potential make gamma oscillations more realistic by disrupting overly-synchronous network activity.
888h agoInclusion body myositis is characterized by impairments in mitochondrial coupling efficiency, decreased mitochondrial content, and impaired mitophagy, which correlate with disease severity.
888h agoMature olfactory sensory neurons express only one of the 1100 functional mouse odorant receptor genes through a mechanism that requires a specific transcriptional machinery found in the OSN lineage.
892h agoThe activity of a specific GABAergic circuit reflects the value of a reward and influences decision-making based on that value.
892h agoThe glymphatic system, which clears cerebral waste products, has a specific organization across the brain, with AQP4 expression peaking in subcortical, ventral, and periventricular territories, and this organization relates to vascular physiology, edema, and neurodegenerative vulnerability.
892h agoSemantic representations in working memory remain more accessible than perceptual details when attention is limited.
892h agoThe body temperature of animals follows a daily rhythm, peaking in the evening, and separate clock circuits regulate the morning and evening body temperature rises.
892h agoEmotional events are remembered more accurately in time, and this effect is linked to activity in the amygdala and its connections to other brain regions, particularly through two distinct pathways: one with the MTL that sharpens memory and another with FPL that blurs it.
892h agoA new form of synaptic plasticity provides a basis for understanding how brains learn and remember.
896h agoThe brain encodes semantic relations between concepts independently of the specific concepts themselves, and represents relations and concepts in the same set of cortical regions.
896h agoA stable network in the brain, including areas ATL, STS, and TPJ, supports complex semantic processing, and the anterior temporal lobe plays a domain-general role in semantic processing.
896h agoThe brain areas involved in taxonomic and thematic relationships between concepts are not strictly specialized as previously thought, and their activity changes with task demands and age.
896h agoDifferent treatments can be tailored for Alzheimer's disease based on distinct genetic backgrounds.
896h agoAutonomic nervous system regulation differs between typically developing individuals and those with autism spectrum disorder, with typically developing individuals showing varied sympathetic and parasympathetic activity and autism spectrum disorder individuals showing convergence of relative sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.
896h agoPTBP1 regulates human neural stem cell self-renewal and differentiation by controlling gene expression and can be transferred between cells through tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles.
896h agoThe brain combines multiple stimulus features into coherent representations through factorized representations, where distinct features are encoded independently, and only superposition and binding with slot-filler structure produce this geometry with favorable scaling.
896h agoA new framework classifies individualized brain networks without needing to align nodes, and it improves diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia over existing models.
900h agoIlliterate individuals, those aged 90 years or older, and people with low weight, low handgrip strength, and self-reported health issues have higher chances of developing dementia.
900h agoThe Linton Stereo Illusion shows that people perceive stereo depth based on retinal disparities rather than 3D geometry.
900h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
900h agoCellular automata constructed from Yang-Baxter maps over finite fields exhibit a consistent alignment between their temporal period and the field order, and bijectivity is required for this periodic behavior.
900h agoStationary states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a quasiperiodic lattice have a one-to-one correspondence with bi-infinite sequences over a finite alphabet when certain conditions are met.
900h agoSolitary waves in a fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation destabilize when the fractional exponent is less than 1, and pairs of such waves can exist and even stabilize for certain conditions when the exponent is greater than 2.
900h agoCombining multiple lobe dynamics with a graph-based framework allows for systematic design of low-energy transfers between orbits around celestial bodies.
900h agoThe phase reduction theory can model the dynamics of coupled chaotic oscillators, and data-driven analysis of their coupling functions retains clear dynamical meaning even without limit cycles.
900h agoDissipation can be used as a resource to reshape the dynamics of interacting quantum systems, enabling distinct behaviors such as synchronized oscillations, transient chaos with long-time coherence recovery, and steady-state chaos.
900h agoA new algorithm accurately predicts steady states in nonlinear mechanical systems under irregular forcing, outperforming existing techniques in speed and accuracy.
900h agoGraph-based models can fully represent higher-order interactions and do not need to be limited to pairwise interactions, contrary to common claims.
900h agoA new framework called DA-HASC detects abrupt changes in complex systems by analyzing limited and noisy data to track changes in the system's underlying structure.
900h agoA framework is proposed to systematically calculate reduced forms of geometric structures for a system of partial differential equations that has a local symmetry.
900h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
900h agoThe multiple commutation relations of the quantum affine algebra $U_q(\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}_N)$ have coefficients given in terms of trigonometric weight functions for the vector representation.
900h agoThe Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) proposal describes the planar spectrum of a holographic CFT dual to strings on AdS$_3\times$ S$^3\times$ S$^3\times$ S$^1$ and leads to Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz (ABA) equations that constrain the worldsheet S-matrix.
900h agoA continuous family of virial identities is derived for O(n) symmetric configurations, providing a systematic decomposition of the global constraint into radially-resolved components.
900h agoThe study of a nonlinear lattice model reveals both ergodic and nonergodic regimes, with ergodic behavior occurring in broad parameter ranges outside the standard Gibbsian regime, and a breakdown of conventional thermalization in certain parameter ranges.
900h agoThe complex eigenvalue distribution of deformed random matrices of the form A + B has a simple boundary equation in the large-N limit that depends on the R1 and R2 transforms of B.
900h agoTuning boundary hopping amplitudes precisely controls the non-Hermitian skin effect, which is the localization of eigenmodes at the lattice edges.
900h agoGraph-based models can fully represent higher-order interactions and do not need to be limited to pairwise interactions, contrary to common claims.
900h agoCorrelated disorder in 2D arrays of emitters enables precise engineering of light scattering, producing strong observable colors through three distinct scattering components: diffraction orders, diffuse background, and correlation halos.
900h agoFinite-range disorder modifies charge and heat currents in monolayer graphene, especially at low energies, and affects electrical and electronic thermal conductivities.
900h agoA machine-learning framework accurately identifies the most stable nanoparticle configurations by decomposing nanoparticles into surface, intermediate, and core environments and using a few hundred reference calculations.
900h agoTopological orders in 2+1 dimensions are phases of spontaneous symmetry-breaking of 1-form symmetries in pure states, and can also be intrinsically mixed states with different strong and weak symmetry-breaking patterns.
900h agoDisordered mixtures of two ferromagnetic materials exhibit stronger transverse electron deflection than either material alone, offering a universal strategy to engineer large transverse responses in structurally robust platforms.
900h agoA single-particle mobility edge induces a smooth crossover in dynamical signatures, characterized by a persistent volume-law scaling of entanglement entropy and a mixed information profile.
900h agoA new preparation method allows for repeated neural recording in adult Drosophila over multiple days without using saline.
900h agoDopamine ramps are reward prediction errors generated by a dual-process learning system that combines cached and inferred values.
900h agoApoE-expressing microglia in the median eminence regulate lipid handling and interferon signaling to control metabolic homeostasis, and their dysregulation contributes to metabolic problems caused by a Western diet.
900h agoThe TMS Reporting Assessment Tool (TMS-RAT) provides a comprehensive framework for reporting transcranial magnetic stimulation studies, enabling clear and consistent documentation.
900h agoThe maturation of brain cells is driven by large-scale reconfiguration of DNA markers, with up to half of all CG dinucleotides converting from one marker to another throughout the first decade of life.
900h agoA new goat model of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) mimics human injury, reproducing optic canal fractures and vision loss through a transnasal endoscopic impact system.
900h agoTemperature affects mouse taste preferences, with cool temperatures increasing and warm temperatures decreasing bitter taste perception, and TRPM8 thermosensory influences interacting with sugar taste preferences.
900h agoAdults with dyslexia have less accurate neural tracking of the delta and theta bands of speech, and reduced synchrony between brain waves and speech.
900h agoAlzheimer's disease shows a clear information-processing signature: reduced global synergy and increased redundancy, especially in the executive control network.
900h agoNeither conventional nor high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation enhances motor sequence learning in older adults.
900h agoEidetic imagery shares neural substrates with perception in the high-level visual cortex, specifically in right BA19, where brain activity patterns can classify imagined objects like real ones.
900h agoReward shapes learned transition structure by selectively enhancing learning of transitions that precede desirable outcomes, which supports flexible, goal-directed behavior.
900h agoOmni-iEEG, a large-scale pre-surgical intracranial EEG resource, provides 302 patients' data, including 178 hours of high-resolution recordings, harmonized clinical metadata, and expert-validated annotations, to support reproducible and clinically translatable epilepsy research.
904h agoThe susceptibility to the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion increases from the central to the peripheral visual field, following a Gaussian distribution, but the spatial congruence of audiovisual stimuli does not affect this illusion.
908h agoThe hippocampus encodes task-related information more strongly than spatial information during active behavior, dominating over and disrupting the usual place coding.
916h agoA dynamic routing-guided framework models and interprets salt-solvent chemistry, handling long-tailed data and capturing a full spectrum of formulations to shape a conductivity atlas for non-aqueous electrolytes.
920h agoThe CATS Net framework models how abstract concepts emerge from sensory experience, aligning with human brain activity and enabling knowledge transfer between humans and AI.
920h agoA compound called BN3 accelerates recovery from general anesthesia by activating a specific brain circuit that promotes a rapid shift to a wake-like state.
920h agoThe comprehensive sampling of macaque and human brains with diffusion MRI reveals white matter connectional architecture and cortical and subcortical cytoarchitectonic boundaries in unprecedented detail.
920h agoSliding-window prediction correlation (SWpC) estimates time-varying directed functional connectivity in brain networks, providing two descriptors of directed interactions: strength and duration.
924h agoIndependently trained AI systems represent the world in a similar way, sharing an underlying geometry, with evidence from internal structure comparisons and cross-modal embedding alignment.
924h agoOmni-iEEG, a large-scale pre-surgical iEEG resource, provides 302 patients' data, including 178 hours of high-resolution recordings, to help improve epilepsy research and treatment.
924h agoDifferent tokenization strategies for neural data have comparable performance in large neuroimaging models, suggesting that simple fixed strategies can be used.
924h agoSpike-based alignment learning (SAL) helps fix asymmetry issues in neural networks by using spike timing to correct connections, allowing for local computation and improving performance in spiking neural networks.
924h agoThe Generative Episodic-Semantic Integration System (GENESIS) model explains how semantic and episodic memory interact to support learning, recall, and imagination through the interaction of two limited-capacity generative systems.
924h agoMotor units associated with agonist and antagonist tasks remain functionally coupled after targeted muscle reinnervation, with over 40% of motor units active during both tasks.
924h agoThe Lie theory helps reconstruct integrable systems of ordinary differential equations in three-dimensional Euclidean space, including the Darboux-Brioschi-Halphen system and systems related to solvable three-dimensional real Lie algebras.
924h agoSpeech embeddings from clinical interviews show different stability patterns in psychotic patients and healthy controls, with psychotic speech often displaying more complex dynamics.
924h agoThe Lorenz equations model the chaotic behavior of thermal boundary layers and core circulation, exhibiting non-Gaussian, multifractal behavior in long-time numerical simulations that mirrors laboratory measurements of mean wind reversals in Rayleigh-Bénard convection.
924h agoThe representation of protein backbone geometry through a mathematical equation provides a connection between biological structure and integrable systems, and helical peptides can be effectively modeled as piecewise integrable systems within specific geometric boundaries.
924h agoThe mean-field approach allows obtaining statistical equilibrium relations that express the dependence of time-averaged observable quantities of individual oscillators on their internal parameters and interaction functions.
924h agoThe two-dimensional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation has three conserved quantities - mass, momentum, and energy - and a vector-valued quantity, most of which are well preserved in numerical simulations, except for the x-component which drifts due to boundary-flux contribution.
924h agoThreshold sensing enables Physarum polycephalum to find optimal paths to connect food sources and solve mazes through a self-organised process.
924h agoTapered ends in data-driven algorithms can make ergodic averages converge much faster and deliver better results with little extra cost.
924h agoPLANCK, a physics-inspired deep reinforcement learning framework, efficiently solves large-scale p-spin models and outperforms state-of-the-art methods across various structural topologies and combinatorial optimization tasks.
924h agoLong-range Heisenberg models show long-lived superdiffusive spin transport, consistent with Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling functions, even though they are non-integrable and expected to diffuse.
924h agoA data-driven platform using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) infers material parameters, pressure, and stress fields in granular flows by solving a nonlocal granular fluidity model, enabling accurate recovery of variations in the nonlocal amplitude.
924h agoMelting of crystalline solids occurs when dislocation loops proliferate, with a universal ratio existing between the energy of a minimal dislocation loop and thermal energy at melting.
924h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in the Anderson model of localization exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and are completely delocalized in the metallic phase.
924h agoEpistasis in protein fitness landscapes leads to complex interactions that often result in multiple fitness peaks and functional bottlenecks, which can only be crossed via limited mutational paths.
924h agoDiffusion codes, constructed by acting on a graph with a random SWAP network, can achieve a tradeoff between randomness and locality, allowing for optimal code parameters and self-correcting quantum LDPC codes with single-shot decoding.
924h agoA method for analyzing quantum error-correcting codes by mapping them onto classical statistical mechanics models is extended to stabilizer circuits, allowing for the analysis, simulation, and comparison of decoding properties of any stabilizer circuit.
924h agoLocalized low modes appear at a temperature between 155 and 158 MeV in QCD near the crossover temperature.
924h agoThe entropy rate of printed English is about one bit per character, implying nearly 80 percent redundancy, and a new statistical model captures this redundancy by breaking down text into semantically coherent chunks.
924h agoAdult-born neurons add to the growth of the dentate gyrus, but their numbers are offset by the loss of neurons born during development, resulting in a net growth that is lower than expected.
924h agoElevated neuronal activity in epilepsy leads to specific changes in gene expression in certain brain cells, including glutamatergic neurons and immune cells, which may contribute to the development of the disorder.
924h agoCROCOpy is a lightweight toolbox that assesses neuronal oscillations, functional connectivity, and critical dynamics in electrophysiological recordings.
924h agoThalamic atrophy, independent of lesions, affects information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis, with different parts of the thalamus contributing to this impairment.
928h agoThe Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model exhibits random switches between two chimera states, where one population of phase oscillators is synchronised and the other is not, due to the finite size of the network.
928h agoTensor factorizations based on sparse measurements can be used to infer the components of high-rank tensors, especially when a substantial amount of data is missing.
928h agoAnatolution, an open-source platform, enables multiple annotators to label cellular structures in microscopy images, producing consensus-validated training data for supervised learning of cell-level morphometry.
928h agoSpin-lock fMRI did not detect neuronal magnetic fields in the human visual cortex at 3T, with field amplitudes estimated to be below the detection limits of current methods.
932h agoA specific pathway from the ventral tegmental area to the oral pontine reticular nucleus drives backward locomotion in mammals through a network of inhibitory connections.
932h agoTranscranial magnetic stimulation can be timed to interictal epileptiform discharges and increases the amplitude of TMS-evoked potentials in a site-specific way when stimulation is delivered during these pathological brain events.
932h agoSeizures impair REM sleep in epilepsy by activating and damaging cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), a brainstem structure critical for REM entry.
932h agoNeurons have different energy needs that are met by matching energy-metabolic pathways to their functions, with glycolytic programs in specific neurons shaping their biophysical properties and functional identity.
932h agoSocial connectedness helps health and longevity, and adult pair bonds provide psychological benefits through interactions between oxytocin, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and opioids. Wait, you want a summary of the experiment. Here is a one sentence summary: The presence of a partner mitigates stress effects on the brain, including changes in kappa opioid receptor availability and oxytocin levels, in pair-bonded coppery titi monkeys.
932h agoThe cerebellum directly controls social vocalizations in adult mice through a pathway to the midbrain, and stimulating this pathway can restore vocal function in mice with cerebellar dysfunction.
932h agoEvent2Flow, a compact framework, accurately maps blood flow over large areas with minimal data, enabling noninvasive imaging of mouse ear vasculature and rapid 3D velocity quantification in brain imaging.
932h agoAdult survivors of pediatric cancers, such as Hodgkin lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia, show differences in brain chemistry that are linked to problems with memory, attention, and processing speed.
932h agoReliable selective auditory attention decoding can be achieved with a fully wireless, around-ear EEG sensor network, reaching an accuracy of 77.17% in identifying the attended speaker in a multi-speaker environment.
932h agoDopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area play a crucial role in sustaining copulatory actions, and their activity remains stable across sexual interactions, representing all copulatory events, including thrusting and ejaculation.
932h agoSchwann cells near the injury site guide axons to regrow after nerve damage, and at least one of these cells is needed for successful regrowth to occur.
932h agoThe glial canal system, which removes waste from neurons, fails in neurodegeneration due to abnormal swelling of glial cells, and this system is conserved across species, including mammals.
932h agoPsychedelic states and sedative states show opposite patterns of brain network integration and segregation, with psychedelics having increased integration and reduced segregation, and sedatives having the opposite configuration.
932h agoVisual hallucinations induced by stroboscopic light stimulation typically consist of vivid colours and dynamic geometric patterns, and analysis of 10,598 drawings reveals recurrent visual motifs including geometric forms, novel formations such as concentric squares and crosses, and other geometries.
932h agoThe occipitotemporal cortex processes visually-perceived objects based on multiple properties, not just a few key dimensions like animacy and real-world size, allowing for flexible read-out of a wide range of object properties.
932h agoPreparing for expected movements speeds up the initiation and reprogramming of actions, but does not affect the speed of stopping or changing those actions.
932h agoLearning optimizes decision-making by adjusting evidence accumulation and decision phases within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuit to improve speed and accuracy of reward-directed choices.
932h agoStroke survivors show increased cortical involvement in postural control, as measured by sway-based corticokinematic coherence, which may compensate for decreased function after a stroke.
932h agoThe molecular organization of synapses in the brain follows a specific logic, where the spacing of molecular assemblies determines the nanoscale architecture that shapes the overall synapse structure.
932h agoP. gingivalis bacteria can enter the brain through a disrupted blood-brain barrier, triggering disease-related changes that accelerate Alzheimer's disease progression.
932h agoIndependent component analysis provides a robust framework for estimating resting-state functional connectivity from functional near-infrared spectroscopy data, outperforming seed-based methods in accuracy and consistency across oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin signals.
932h agoLevodopa protects and sustains retinal neurovascular function in early diabetic retinopathy and this protection is linked to gene expression programs that support synapse activity and structural integrity.
932h agoSexual motivation consists of two distinct components: sexual incentive motivation and the drive to sustain copulation, which can be measured separately using the Sexual Incentive Motivation test and the Motivation to Continue Copulation test.
932h agoMutations in synaptotagmin-1 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder by disrupting neurotransmission and altering interactions with SNAP-25, a key protein involved in synaptic vesicle release.
932h agoMultimodal MRI/MRS shows that cuprizone-treated mice have widespread, dynamic, and only partially reversible brain pathology, including demyelination, gliosis, and changes in brain chemistry.
932h agoCancer cells in the brain form weak synapses with neurons that can be activated by blocking a specific signaling pathway, leading to increased cancer cell growth.
932h agoCbp53E regulates intracellular calcium levels in photoreceptor cells, and its absence causes a prolonged repolarization phenotype that can be rescued by expressing Cbp53E or its human homologs.
932h agoDamage to the mediodorsal thalamus or thalamic nucleus reuniens impairs cognitive flexibility in rats, but noradrenaline treatment can improve this impairment.
936h agoDifferent flicker frequencies of light can induce distinct types of synaptic plasticity in the adult mouse visual cortex, enabling recovery of function in various ways.
936h agoNormative modelling charts brain variation across a population to provide individual-level analysis of brain development, ageing, and neurological conditions.
940h agoCortical tracking of speech and music predicts reading ability in healthy young adults, with stronger low-frequency tracking associated with faster reading reaction times.
940h agoThe brain processes face and body signals together, not separately, as face and body representations become more integrated along the visual hierarchy.
940h agoEndothelial cells guide neural development in the cerebellum by secreting the protein Wnt5a, which regulates the growth and maturation of specific types of neurons.
940h agoRomantic partners are represented in the brain's nucleus accumbens and anterior insula in a unique way that is not just due to familiarity, and these regions play different roles in romantic bonding.
940h agoTau aggregates form in the cytoplasm first and then move to the nucleus, where they inhibit mRNA export and alter RNA biogenesis.
940h agoPurkinje cells can organize into open-loop feedforward modules that allow the cerebellum to modulate behavior through brainstem regions, alongside traditional closed-loop modules.
940h agoThe functional brain imaging data can be represented as connectivity terrains, where nodes with similar functions converge to attractor nodes, forming sub-networks within the brain.
940h agoA novel system using electrical stimulation shows that human postural control adapts to altered musculoskeletal dynamics during quiet standing.
940h agoThe retrosplenial cortex contains cells that encode the location of a moving target relative to the head, and these cells adapt their coding to help with active pursuit.
940h agoHunger-sensitive neurons in the hypothalamus are rapidly inhibited by threats, which prioritizes predator avoidance over food-seeking.
944h agoA specific network of genes in the brain helps protect against depression caused by chronic stress, and changing these genes can make mice more resilient to stress.
944h agoThe brain regulates left and right-sided body processes through hormones released into the bloodstream by the hypothalamus, which is organized in an asymmetric way to allow for this side-specific control.
944h agoAlternative splicing of exon 18a in the Cacna1b gene contributes to associative learning by regulating CaV2.2 channels.
944h agoSchizophrenia is linked to abnormal brain activity in the beta frequency range, which affects multisensory integration, action monitoring, and language organization.
944h agoThe primate motor cortex uses both the same and different strategies to control rhythmic and discrete arm movements.
944h agoAtypical lateralization of the language network to the right hemisphere is associated with selective reorganization in face-selective areas, with some regions shifting to the left hemisphere and others maintaining their typical right hemisphere bias.
944h agoSynapse maturation in the brain occurs in a region- and layer-specific manner, with layers associated with feedforward pathways maturing earlier and layers associated with higher-order circuits maturing later.
944h agoSynaptic precision is limited by energetic availability, with synaptic energy budgets governing the relationship between synaptic reliability and plasticity.
948h agoAdaptive systems balance prediction and surprise by operating at a point where confidence is high but residual uncertainty is large, which can be achieved through a golden-ratio partition of known and unknown information.
948h agoThe brain can be seen as a negative feedback control system that uses local learning algorithms, where a good sensory activity minima serves as a complete reward signal, and this learning principle likely evolved in early unicellular life forms and scaled up to complex biological brains.
948h agoThalamic atrophy, independent of lesions, affects information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis, with different parts of the thalamus contributing to this impairment in distinct ways.
948h agoHigher-order interactions make desynchronization of coupled oscillators more difficult to achieve when initial phases are close to the synchronized state, but larger interaction strengths facilitate desynchronization otherwise.
948h agoThe black hole's spin significantly reshapes the dynamics of galactic centers by either amplifying chaotic scattering caused by halo asymmetry or stabilizing specific orbital families.
948h agoA new model shows that a star, disk, arms, and companions can form dynamically through chaotic gas ejection and interaction, producing a central star, Keplerian disk, spiral arms, and diverse companions.
948h agoResurgent transseries provide a general and compact way to write down exact, nonperturbative solutions to hermitian one-matrix models and their topological string duals, in the form of a discrete Fourier or Zak transform for their partition functions.
948h agoThe structural complexity of the 2D ferromagnetic Ising model peaks at the critical temperature, as measured by a new metric that quantifies the complexity of lattice configurations using algorithmic information theory.
948h agoDeep neural networks undergo a sharp transition from a functional phase to a disordered phase with collapsed performance when pruned, following scaling laws consistent with second-order critical behavior.
948h agoA three-dimensional dynamical-systems framework for passive gliding reveals that trajectories collapse onto a terminal velocity manifold before evolving toward a glide equilibrium, and separatrix geometry determines the accessibility of shallow glides.
948h agoEnergy transport in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (FPUT) chains shows a transition from thermalization to anomalous heat transport, where thermal conductivity diverges with system size, and can be classified into two universality classes with different conductivity scaling.
948h agoThe microcanonical framework predicts the statistics of short waves in inhomogeneous moving media based on conservation of absolute frequency and an ergodic prescription for action density.
948h agoAnisotropy in range expansions leads to distinct spatial patterns and invasion velocities, characterized by a kink in the displaced strain ahead of the boundary between strains.
948h agoThe dispersion of trajectories of stochastic processes in reconstructed phase spaces is governed by covariance structure over time and intermittency phenomenon with initial separation.
948h agoThe Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model exhibits random switches between two chimera states, where one population of phase oscillators is synchronised and the other is desynchronised, due to the finite size of the network.
948h agoNon-normal eigenvector amplification in multidimensional systems induces heavy-tailed fluctuations and power law distributions through transient growth caused by non-orthogonal eigenvectors.
948h agoChaos in the sense of Li-Yorke is proved to exist in a family of four-dimensional discrete dynamical systems associated with coupled oscillators subject to an external non-conservative force.
948h agoThe properties of scarred eigenstates in graphene billiards do not match those of relativistic quantum systems, but instead comply with those of nonrelativistic quantum billiards.
948h agoHigher-form symmetries drive a self-similar inverse cascade in turbulent systems, leading to large-scale coherent structures through a universal scaling behavior.
948h agoA modified simulated annealing method with a dynamically chosen cooling temperature yields exponential decay of the entropy of the particle system.
948h agoDirected complexes always allow global topological synchronization, but hollow complexes require stricter conditions, and both types differ from undirected complexes in terms of stability.
948h agoDeep neural networks undergo a sharp transition from a functional phase to a disordered phase with collapsed performance when pruned, following scaling laws consistent with second-order critical behavior.
948h agoA properly engineered two-step protocol accelerates relaxation in open quantum systems with quasiperiodic spatial structure by redistributing spectral weight and suppressing overlap with slow decay modes.
948h agoQuenched disorder changes the universality classes of critical behaviors in three-dimensional lattice ${\mathbb Z}_2$ gauge Higgs models, with different effects depending on the type of disorder and transition line.
948h agoLocalized states in the band gap of amorphous phase change alloys control electrical conduction, and these states are mainly caused by wrong bonds and specific atomic configurations.
948h agoUltracold bosonic atoms on a ring with a rapidly oscillating scattering length can simulate a two-component atomic mixture with exotic, long-range interactions.
948h agoRecurrent neural networks and deep neural networks exhibit distinct functional properties due to weight sharing in recurrent neural networks, which induces correlated representations and aids generalization in sequential tasks.
948h agoMagnetic impurities from oxygen vacancies affect the electronic interface layer of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure, creating a disordered Fermi-liquid regime for majority-spin carriers and controlling the transport of minority-spin carriers.
948h agoGlasses have complex relaxation dynamics that behave differently under high pressure, with two distinct mechanisms: one that enhances structural disorder and another that promotes density-driven structural ordering.
948h agoTopological insulator nanowires display Aharanov-Bohm conductance oscillations with a perfectly transmitted mode due to effective time-reversal symmetry, but amorphous nanowires lose these oscillations and develop nonquantized resonant peaks at high amorphicity.
948h agoTensor factorizations can be accurately inferred from sparse measurements of high-rank tensors using message-passing algorithms and replica theory, even with large amounts of missing data.
948h agoTransformers can successfully predict unseen sequences from diverse pseudo-random number generators, including those with substantial complexity, and even when the output is limited to a single bit.
948h agoBinary Error Propagation (BEP) enables end-to-end binary training for neural networks, including recurrent architectures, by propagating error signals as binary vectors through multiple layers using only bitwise operations.
948h agoThe Sub-Optimal Transport (SOT) model describes how entropy and cost minimization compete in real-world systems, and a new mean-field theory characterizes the smooth crossover between entropy-dominated and cost-dominated configurations.
948h agoDirected complexes always allow global topological synchronization, but hollow complexes require stricter conditions, and both types differ from undirected complexes in terms of stability.
948h agoEye movements actively organize working memory by creating sequences that align with the underlying structure of information, helping to reduce memory load.
948h agoThe brain's dorsal periaqueductal gray area uses both excitatory and inhibitory neurons to control threat assessment and avoidance behavior in response to different threats.
948h agoChronic stress accelerates brain aging in young mice but has opposite effects in old mice, activating programs that counteract aging-related patterns.
948h agoTau aggregates cause neuronal death and cognitive decline by disrupting heterochromatin, leading to the activation of Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) and neuronal cell death.
948h agoPhotobiomodulation restores blood-brain barrier integrity after hypoxic insult by modulating endothelial thrombo-inflammatory signalling and reducing oxidative stress in glial cells.
948h agoFast-ripples in brain activity are likely caused by random neural interactions rather than a specific pathological process, with their occurrence often no more than expected by chance.
948h agoA flexible framework based on response theory and score matching suppresses spurious dependencies in neural emulators of turbulent systems, enhancing their ability to respond to external forcings.
952h agoA graph neural network learns from atomic motion to reveal how molecular systems change state, delivering accurate kinetics and atom-level insight into complex transitions.
956h agoHumans recognize everyday actions from the combination of visual features including the hand, objects, scene background, and orientation or motion signals, with object and orientation information playing a key role.
956h agoThe p-Brain framework analyzes DCE-MRI scans to estimate brain properties, such as blood flow and blood-brain barrier function, and produces detailed maps and summaries of brain activity.
956h agoA single neural circuit can support all three types of spatial attention, using low-dimensional geometric rotations, sparse coding, and nonlinear mixed selectivity to generate human-like temporal dynamics.
956h agoThe subiculum encodes information during navigation through burst firing, specifically through plateau events that are synaptic in origin and require NMDA receptor activation.
956h agoMinocycline and bone marrow mononuclear cells reduce damage after spinal cord injury by targeting different parts of the injury process.
960h agoMicroglia become activated and proliferate after intraventricular hemorrhage, shifting to a proinflammatory phenotype, but treatment with sulforaphane and deferoxamine reduces inflammation, mitigates damage, and promotes recovery in the developing brain.
960h agoHumans tend to underestimate the number of plants compared to animals and minerals, but this bias fades when the plants are altered to prevent easy identification.
960h agoIncomplete spinal cord injury impairs voluntary movement by disrupting the balance between inhibitory and excitatory inputs to motoneurons, shifting towards greater inhibition.
960h agoPerivascular cells induce microglial phagocytic states and synaptic engulfment through SPP1 in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
968h agoHuman environments and experiences vary greatly worldwide and are changing rapidly, requiring large-scale studies to understand their impact on the brain and address growing mental health challenges.
968h agoNeuroinflammation causes DNA damage that leads to neuron death through parthanatos, but inhibiting parthanatos protects neurons and reduces paralysis in a mouse model of autoimmune inflammation.
968h agoEfficient coding and computing theory explains how neural circuits in the brain represent and process information during cognitive tasks, revealing that different coding schemes are optimal for different task structures.
968h agoRecurrent spine-neck narrowing increases spine-neck resistance, which accelerates voltage dynamics and improves the tracking of high-frequency synaptic inputs, modulating calcium signaling and inhibitory gating in dendritic spines.
968h agoPAG-Nts neurons release glutamate and neurotensin in the VTA to activate dopamine neurons, and their activity promotes threat responses and reward-seeking behaviors through dopamine-dependent mechanisms.
968h agoThe brain's resting-state metabolic connectivity is organized along a superior-inferior cortical gradient, with local transitions shaped by both fast and slow metabolic signals.
968h agoThe study maps transcriptional alterations in schizophrenia across different cellular microenvironments in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, linking changes to non-neuronal populations and altered cell-cell communication.
968h agoChildren's ability to learn auditory associative words improves with age but remains difficult, with musically trained older children and younger children showing some learning ability, and visual-nonverbal short-term memory being positively linked to this type of learning.
968h agoThe ventral CA1 hippocampus neurons form pathway-specific circuits with key brain regions that control motivation and memory, and these circuits have distinct inputs and outputs.
968h agoGraph neural networks can decompose complex systems into simple representations, revealing connectivity, neuron types, signaling functions, and external stimuli in simulated neural assemblies with thousands of neurons.
972h agoAverageness in facial proportions correlates with higher perceived attractiveness in male faces.
972h agoCollective intentionality allows nonhuman animals to create social entities through coordinated actions and shared intentions that can be reduced to individual intentions.
972h agoPoisson variational free energy minimization provides a way to couple information-theoretic coding rates with biophysical firing rates, enabling a trade-off between coding fidelity and energy expenditure in biological systems.
972h agoA model and humans show similar performance in color constancy tasks, with both achieving high constancy under normal conditions and similar declines when local surround or spatial mean color cues are removed.
972h agoRecurrent neural networks with asymmetric connectivity can faithfully represent arbitrary stochastic dynamical systems, including nonlinear and nonequilibrium dynamics, within a low-dimensional latent subspace.
972h agoAutism spectrum disorder is associated with altered brain organization characterized by more negative global coevolutionary energy, changed network motifs, and higher bipolarity.
972h agoThe kinetic energy of neural activity links chaotic dynamics to unstable fixed points in random recurrent neural networks, and its average value shifts from zero to positive at a critical coupling variance.
972h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion exhibits chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, under certain conditions.
972h agoSpike train production from artificial neural networks is possible based on physical notions like intermittency, similar to the operation of biological neural networks.
972h agoA probabilistic cellular automaton, which combines two simple rules, almost surely reaches a stable state of all zeros in a finite number of steps, but approximation methods fail to predict this behavior.
972h agoA flexible framework based on response theory and score matching suppresses spurious dependencies in neural emulators of turbulent systems, enhancing their ability to respond to external forcings.
972h agoThe classical integrable elliptic Toda chain is extended to an open chain with boundary terms using the factorized form of the Lax matrix and gauge equivalence with the XYZ chain.
972h agoA weakly nonlocal homogeneous Hamiltonian operator and a third-order homogeneous Hamiltonian operator have specific compatibility conditions that determine a bi-Hamiltonian structure for many integrable PDEs.
972h agoNavier-Stokes equations can have distinct global solutions from almost the same initial conditions with tiny differences as small as $10^{-40}$.
972h agoA consensus formation model with condensation effects exhibits finite-time concentration when the initial mass exceeds a critical threshold.
972h agoThe solution to the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a finite genus algebro-geometric background has long-time asymptotics that are determined by the background solution with a parameter shift and subleading terms that decay at different rates in different space-time regions.
972h agoShannon transfer entropy helps identify causally coherent motions in turbulent flows by detecting sources and targets in dynamical systems.
972h agoSpatiotemporally chaotic field theories can be described using sums over their multi-periodic orbits, recasting chaos theory in the language of statistical mechanics, field theory, and solid state physics.
972h agoThe scattering dynamics of kinks in a nonlinear system depend on the parameter λ, with small kinks showing complex behavior and large kinks consistently producing small kinks during collisions.
972h agoA novel symmetry decomposition approach derives Painleve solitons of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) system, which propagate against a background governed by a Painleve transcendent.
972h agoThe elliptic Toda chain and elliptic Ruijsenaars-Toda chain can be obtained as particular cases of the elliptic Ruijsenaars chain.
972h agoExternal resonant excitation of a two-dimensional polariton fluid breaks symmetry, allowing for topological excitations like domain walls and half-vortex molecules.
972h agoThe kinetic energy of neural activity links chaotic dynamics to unstable fixed points in random recurrent neural networks, and its average value shifts from zero to positive at a critical coupling variance.
972h agoHebbian learning in artificial neural networks creates and destroys attractors, leading to formation of memories and unwanted features such as spurious memories and catastrophic forgetting.
972h agoThe quantum sinh-Gordon model on multi-sheeted Riemann surfaces uses composite branch-point twist operators to help calculate entanglement entropies, and this work develops a technique to compute form factors of these operators in the semiclassical approximation.
972h agoThe potential-energy gating method improves state estimation in systems with double-well stochastic dynamics by modulating observation trust based on the local potential energy.
972h agoQuasiperiodic modulation enhances topological robustness and induces a non-Hermitian topological Anderson insulator phase in a one-dimensional non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model.
972h agoGlasses exhibit persistent phonon echoes at low temperatures even when nonlinear energy structures and disorder are included, and many-body interactions enhance the echo signal.
972h agoMagnetisation reversal in antiferromagnetic spin models with weak random field disorder occurs in a step-wise hysteresis loop with short magnetisation bursts, and exhibits Barkhausen-type noise, avalanche propagation, and multifractal fluctuations.
972h agoRecurrent neural networks with asymmetric connectivity can faithfully represent arbitrary stochastic dynamical systems, including nonlinear and nonequilibrium dynamics, within a low-dimensional latent subspace.
972h agoThe Prometheus framework detects phase transitions in 3D classical and quantum systems with high accuracy, extracting critical temperatures, exponents, and identifying universality classes without analytical guidance.
972h agoThe combination of spatial structure and environmental fluctuations allows many species to stably coexist, resolving the paradox of how diverse communities can be stable.
972h agoA cryptographic scheme based on discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs enables reliable message recovery in the absence of eavesdropping, but induces disturbances that disrupt the periodic reconstruction mechanism when intercepted.
972h agoGlobal reciprocity in Liouvillian dynamics does not protect transport, and instead, excitations spread via slow subdiffusion in a lattice model with asymmetric incoherent hopping.
972h agoA new approach called thermal min-max games unifies bounded and perfect rationality in game theory, allowing for predictions of typical equilibrium values and mixed-strategy statistics based on rationality strength, strategy count, and payoff randomness.
972h agoThe statistics of language exhibit translation symmetry, which governs the emergence of simple geometric structures in high-dimensional word embedding models.
972h agoA unified framework based on a spinful quasiperiodic system realizes all fundamental localization phases, including three pure phases and four coexisting ones with mobility edges.
972h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion exhibits chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, under certain conditions.
972h agoSolving partial differential equations using an annealing-based approach involves transforming the problem into a generalized eigenvalue problem that can be solved through iterative computations.
972h agoInformation scrambling in open quantum systems is explored through generalized measures, revealing a universal structure in weak dissipation and a two-local-minima structure in strong dissipation.
972h agoA new algorithm exactly calculates gradients for training analog computing systems, enabling energy-efficient machine learning by allowing local learning and updates to a subset of resistance values without degrading performance.
972h agoA closed system of low-dimensional and continuous-time equations characterizes the asymptotic distribution of stochastic gradient flow parameters in high-dimensional models, where the number of data samples and dimension grow proportionally.
972h agoLesion network mapping incorrectly maps brain changes to similar outcomes, according to concerns raised about a recent study's methodology and data.
972h agoPrenatal exposure to THC and CBD rewires the prefrontal cortex circuitry in a lasting and sex-dependent manner, shifting it towards a more pro-excitatory state and impairing synaptic plasticity.
972h agoSleep disrupts the normal flow of signals in the brain's 40 Hz auditory response, particularly reducing feedforward connections from auditory areas to higher-order associative cortices and weakening reciprocal connections between prefrontal and parietal regions.
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972h agoAtaraxis, an open-source framework, enables AI coding assistants to control laboratory hardware, allowing for faster hardware validation, integration, and personnel onboarding.
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972h agoIntelligence is linked to brain activity, with higher intelligence associated with stronger and faster brain responses, as measured by the P300 event-related potential.
972h agoA brief online mindfulness meditation program increases autonomic regulation during meditation and stress, and improves mindfulness skills, in healthy adults with no prior meditation experience.
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972h agoImplanting large cranial windows can distort sensory maps in the auditory cortex, leading to biased measurements of sensory representations.
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972h agoNeural oscillations and avalanches are emergent phenomena that arise from network-level interactions between groups of neuronal assemblies, driving population activity in the brain.
976h agoGranule cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus do not reduce their synaptic input or intrinsic excitability after prolonged elevated activity, instead relying on other mechanisms to maintain their firing rates.
976h agoGD3 synthase deficiency alters the function of ion transporters Na+/K+-ATPase and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase in the brain by changing membrane lipid composition and ganglioside balance.
976h agoBatch effects hinder meaningful biological insights from large-scale single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets, and a new approach is proposed to develop more informed batch-correction methods.
980h agoRepeated exposure to varied visual stimuli enhances visually evoked beta activity in the mouse primary visual cortex, leading to increased recruitment of cortical neurons and improved sensory encoding.
984h agoTwo dendritic mRNAs, Actb and Camk2a, are targeted to different parts of dendritic spines and delivered to different spine populations in response to chemical long-term potentiation.
984h agoHuman brain activity has stable, unique features that define individual neurophysiological profiles, which can be accurately identified using a new participant-agnostic autoencoder framework and brief brain recordings.
984h agoOPCs lose their ability to move and restore myelin with age, but they retain the capacity to generate new myelinating cells if given the right stimulus.
984h agoImpaired nuclear import initiates neuronal cell-cycle re-entry, which drives degeneration in ALS, and disrupting the cell-cycle machinery can confer neuroprotection.
988h agoDistinct radial glia subtypes generate and support midbrain dopaminergic neurons, revealing specialized functions and lineage relationships among diverse cell types that shape dopamine neuron development.
992h agoSemantic processing relies on higher-level brain networks than phonological processing, and this is linked to specific brain connectivity, myelin, and cortical structure.
992h agoMyelination in the cerebral cortex starts with targeted and selective wrapping of specific axons, mainly those of parvalbumin interneurons, and progresses through interactions between oligodendrocyte precursor cells and local neurons.
992h agoPeople who stutter have difficulty with the temporal organization of action selection and preparation, not just in speech, but also in hand actions.
992h agoObject-location memory acquisition relies on enhanced functional connectivity between medial temporal lobe structures, visual regions, and temporo-occipital cortices, and this connectivity pattern evolves and becomes more efficient as learning progresses.
992h agoThe hippocampus is essential for learning about the statistical structure of sensory input, and its activity tracks and represents the abstract rules and features of this structure.
992h agoPost-transcriptional modifications in 544 genes are more common in Alzheimer's disease brains than in normal aged brains, affecting key pathways and potentially contributing to disease.
992h agoNeural populations can learn new skills without disrupting old ones by using orthogonal task manifolds that preserve previously learned dynamics in recurrent neural networks.
992h agoSpinal cord progenitors produce a diverse range of cells through highly variable numbers of cell divisions, and individual progenitors can generate multiple distinct neuron types and astrocytes.
992h agoSatellite glial cells produce Fibulin-2, which reduces pain sensitivity by decreasing the excitability of sensory neurons through a specific type of electrical current.
992h agoThe angular gyrus contributes to semantic processing, particularly under conditions of abstract and memory-guided demands, and its engagement is driven by multiple interacting neurocognitive factors.
992h agoRIC-3 regulates the surface expression of 5-HT3A receptors by directly interacting with the receptor's intracellular domain, which in turn affects neuronal signaling.
992h agoNMDARs regulate neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and circuit structure in a location-specific way, with presynaptic NMDARs controlling release and timing-dependent long-term depression, and postsynaptic NMDARs controlling timing-dependent long-term potentiation and dendritic spine maintenance.
992h agoDifferent tau mutations drive distinct disease processes, with one leading to progressive tau hyperphosphorylation and another to tau hypophosphorylation and early seed formation.
992h agoAstrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles from people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease promote tau accumulation and cause cognitive and motor deficits in a mouse model.
992h agoDevelopmental amnesia in children with hippocampal atrophy causes severely impaired episodic memory but almost normal semantic memory, and is likely caused by impaired sequential and spatial learning ability of the hippocampus.
996h agoThe International Society for Tractography conference presented abstracts on advancing research in neuroanatomy, tractography methods, and their applications in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
996h agoThe left-right asymmetry in brain activity correlates with a large language model's ability to learn formal linguistic patterns, not with its skills in arithmetic, world knowledge, or reasoning.
996h agoA hypergraph approach using algebraic connectivity to model brain activity identifies more statistically different brain connections across Alzheimer's disease stages and better distinguishes between healthy controls, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease patients.
996h agoCognitive states and long-term working memory may be supported by a second tier of neural activity that coexists with sensorimotor brain activity, based on coordinated spike-timing activity.
996h agoComputational neuroscience uses modeling and data analysis to connect language theories from linguistics to neural mechanisms in the brain.
996h agoBrain-inspired methods improve convolutional neural networks' robustness to adversarial attacks by aligning their representations with neural similarity structures, and this can be achieved without neural recordings by using pixel-based similarity.
996h agoA geometric and analytic framework for polynomial partial differential equations on thin annuli in the plane reveals that solutions converge to effective one-dimensional dynamics on a limiting circle.
996h agoThe interacting Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator with a Landau-Ginzburg type interaction has a conformal bi-Hamiltonian formulation, Lie symmetries, and bounded trajectories, and its dynamics is integrable and can be solved using elliptic functions.
996h agoA data-driven framework infers phase-amplitude equations of coupled limit-cycle oscillators from waveform measurements, allowing for quantitative prediction of synchronization transitions involving amplitude dynamics.
996h agoOptical thermodynamics describes a Rayleigh-Jeans modal power distribution in multimoded nonlinear photonic circuits, and a new theory extends this to systems with strong nonlinear mode-mode interactions.
996h agoDeep neural networks accurately predict seasonal rainfall in southeastern Australia by using a low-dimensional state space that includes coupled Indian-Pacific Ocean variability.
996h agoMagnonic Kerr nonlinearity causes chaotic and frequency-comb-like behaviors in magnon-polaritons and induces a finite excitation gap in the soft-mode of easy-axis ferromagnets.
996h agoQuantum chaos enables initial unentangled states to exhibit Heisenberg scaling of quantum sensitivity, even with limited measurement accessibility, making it a robust resource for enhanced sensing.
996h agoIncreasing coordination density in regular lattice systems induces a qualitative reorganization of higher-order topological structure that correlates with improved synchronization efficiency.
996h agoDiffusion-driven instability on matrix-weighted networks leads to Turing patterns when network topology, scalar weights, and inter-node transformations combine to destabilize a homogeneous equilibrium.
996h agoThe discrete Frenet geometry mapping does not provide a predictive framework for protein folding because three structural barriers, including the encoding of chirality and local geometry dominance, prevent accurate forward prediction.
996h agoThe nonlinear cubic-quintic Duffing-van der Pol oscillator with variable coefficients has exact solutions that are obtained using two approaches: the factorization method and Painlev\'e analysis.
996h agoA new framework learns effective Langevin equations from stationary time series, guaranteeing the observed steady-state density and enforcing temporal correlations directly from data.
996h agoThe Wave-Kinetic Equations for acoustic waves have steady-state solutions that are stable due to different mechanisms in 2D and 3D equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases.
996h agoA bistable delayed-feedback oscillator with two delayed-feedback loops replicates the behavior of a network of bistable nodes with nonlocal coupling and allows for faster wavefront propagation, more stable fronts, and protection from noise-induced destruction.
996h agoThis lecture notes develop the theory of learning in deep and recurrent neuronal networks from the point of view of Bayesian inference.
996h agoMichel Talagrand's 2006 proof of the Parisi formula marked a decisive milestone in transforming mean field spin glass theory into a rigorous mathematical subject.
996h agoPhysics-informed glass-structure descriptors can be used to assess the intrinsic reactivity of amorphous aluminosilicates in alkaline solutions, capturing reactivity trends in both single precursors and blended materials.
996h agoThe entropy rate of printed English is about one bit per character, implying nearly 80 percent redundancy, and a new statistical model captures this redundancy by breaking down text into semantically coherent chunks.
996h agoCounting spheres that fit into flat regions reveals the topology of the solution space, and this method shows that at least two topological regimes exist in the spherical perceptron.
996h agoEntanglement entropy difference between half-filled and near-half-filled ground states distinguishes topological phase transitions from trivial phase transitions, even in disordered systems.
996h agoThe study finds that people's experiences of color are aligned in clusters, with two main groups being color-neurotypicals and atypicals, and also reveals a continuous spectrum of diversity in individual experiences.
996h agoTBI triggers an active adaptive response, specifically T-cell infiltration, particularly in tissue proximal to contusions, which may contribute to progressive pathologies.
1000h agoDepleting the gut microbiome in aged mice leads to molecular and structural rejuvenation in the brain, improving cognitive function and reducing inflammation.
1008h agoThe predictive coding objective can be optimized in recurrent spiking neural networks using the e-prop learning algorithm, enabling the model to learn complex time-series signals and reproduce underlying dynamics through self-supervised learning.
1008h agoA network of brain regions encodes the subjective values of food rewards, and a new fMRI dataset of 31 participants rating over 500 food images can help further study how the brain constructs these values.
1008h agoCombining advanced microscopy with genetically encoded calcium indicators allows for sequential imaging of calcium dynamics within presynaptic terminals of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
1008h agoChronic alcohol drinking alters dopamine release and uptake mechanisms in the caudate and putamen of rhesus macaques, with sex-specific differences in the effects on tonic and phasic dopamine signaling.
1008h agoFoxg1 improves learning abilities and helps form and recall memories by linking neuronal activity to engram formation and memory recall.
1016h agoA new high-resolution human brain atlas provides precise definitions of 95 grey and white matter structures and 82 white matter tracts, enabling detailed study of the subcortex.
1016h agoGlutamate increases during encoding and recall phases of working memory, and its fluctuations align with behavioural response latencies, while GABA increases during encoding predict higher working memory accuracy.
1016h agoChronic stress enhances episodic fear memories, but not contextual fear conditioning, in female rats, and activating cannabinoid receptors reduces these enhanced fear memories but impairs extinction.
1016h agoAging causes uniform decline in cerebellar gray matter volume, but does not affect the cerebellum's topological organization or sensorimotor function.
1016h agoReactivation of memory traces in the brain does not guarantee that memories will be recalled, but fluctuations in alpha band brain waves and decreased neocortical alpha power help predict when recall will occur.
1016h agoEstradiol and ovarian cycle stage modulate the functional connectivity between kisspeptin neurons and GnRH neurons, with kisspeptin neurons causing a sustained increase in GnRH neuron firing rate that is amplified by ovarian steroids and synaptic connectivity.
1032h agoThe MAPT S305I mutation causes a distinct type of tau protein structure that likely contributes to the disease pathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions.
1036h agoThe human medial temporal lobe uses a slow-oscillatory architecture to coordinate neuronal populations during learning, which helps to consolidate and recall memories later.
1040h agoInfant and young children's sleep patterns change as they grow, with sleep duration decreasing and sleep becoming more consolidated into fewer bouts per day, due to changes in the rate of sleep pressure accumulation and the timescale of the sleep homeostatic drive.
1040h agoSubarachnoid macrophages (SAMs) migrate to and clear amyloid-beta deposits around arteries in Alzheimer's disease, and their recruitment correlates with vascular changes and reduced cerebral perfusion.
1040h agoThe Cortex Camera Array Microscope (CortexCAM) captures activity from over 9000 neurons across a large area of the dorsal cortex in freely moving mice, enabling cortex-wide imaging during behaviors like locomotion and social interactions.
1040h agoMice with Alzheimer's disease-like brain changes showed less flexible foraging behavior and made more suboptimal choices than control mice, especially when facing high spatial and temporal costs.
1040h agoBrain maps vary across individuals, but similar information is often encoded by different activity patterns in higher-order cortex, and the relationship between brain map layout and information representation depends on neural architecture.
1040h agoNorepinephrine enhances inspiratory rhythm by modulating synaptic drive through NMDA receptors, which increases network burst amplitude and frequency in the preBotzinger complex.
1040h agoBidirectional walking on a split-belt treadmill induces asymmetric adjustments in muscle activation patterns, with the backward-moving leg's muscles showing prolonged activation that persists even after returning to forward walking.
1040h agoPortable low-field MRI has lower accuracy in standard image registration methods due to its lower signal-to-noise ratio, reduced resolution, and acquisition artifacts.
1040h agoHAPI cells are mouse cells, not rat cells, and have microglia-like properties, making them useful for in vitro modeling of microglial behavior.
1040h agoVoluntary temporal attention improves perception by facilitating stimulus processing before a competitive stage, not by resolving conflicts between competing stimulus representations.
1040h agoChronic nicotine reduces the risk of Parkinson's disease by changing the activity and structure of specific brain neurons, including lowering the pacemaking rate of dopaminergic neurons and inducing subregion-specific changes in cholinergic neurons.
1040h agoLearned threats trigger social affiliation in mice through the same neural pathways as innate threats.
1040h agoThe basal ganglia atlas reveals cell-type and region-specific differences in DNA methylation and 3D chromatin organization across 31 subclasses and 59 groups of cells, and provides a framework for understanding genetic risk loci and regulatory architecture.
1040h agoThe E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 forms condensates that capture and modulate client proteins, including TDP-43, and promote their amyloid aggregation, contributing to protein misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases.
1040h agoKetones modulate glutamate and GABA neurotransmitters through the pseudo-malate-aspartate shuttle (PMAS), which helps regulate the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance.
1040h agoSpaced training reorganizes memory-related brain networks, enhancing cortical and thalamic dynamics to support more efficient spatial memory, by promoting stronger cortico-thalamic interactions and integrated networks.
1040h agoMutant NPC1 protein causes endolysosomal cholesterol accumulation, lysosomal changes, and neurodegeneration in human iPSC-derived neurons, which can be alleviated by treatment with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
1040h agoThe substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and dorsal raphe nucleus have strong connections with several brain regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cerebellum.
1040h agoPhospholipase D1 (PLD1) contributes to tau pathology and synaptic dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) by promoting astroglial activation and disrupting synaptic proteostasis.
1040h agoBaicalin treatment alleviates behavioral and physiological effects of Gtf2i duplication in mice and affects neuronal activity in human neurons.
1040h agoThe brain adjusts its response to sound based on recent sound history, and a simple transformation that takes this into account improves modelling of how the brain processes speech.
1040h agoShorter environmental noise correlation length during acute HIV infection is linked to preserved neurocognitive function in over 90% of individuals.
1040h agoSympathetic innervation is critical for the survival and functional integrity of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia, and its loss triggers neuronal apoptosis and impairs sensory and motor functions.
1040h agoStimulus presentation enables efficient population coding by reorganizing neuronal connections into modular subnetworks and shifting neural dynamics towards a more ordered regime aligned with stimulus features.
1040h agoSERPINA3 and SPP1 are potential biomarkers that reflect the tumour microenvironment and can assess progression in glioma, showing specificity to astrocytes and microglial cells and high expression levels in glioma.
1044h agoChanges in calmodulin activity, through its regulation of ryanodine receptors and plasma membrane calcium ATPase, underlie changes in calcium dynamics that cause deficits in learning and memory associated with Alzheimer's disease and aging.
1044h agoVisuospatial computations by population receptive fields vary by category-selectivity, stream, and hemisphere, and continue to develop from adolescence to adulthood.
1044h agoA novel approach called flow-matching identifies low-dimensional representations of time series data that preserve temporal relationships, producing more interpretable dynamics and better reconstructions than existing methods.
1044h agoNeuronal avalanches are mainly confined to either the prefrontal cortex or amygdala, and their patterns change as rats develop from juvenile to young adult.
1044h agoTDP-43 nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic accumulation occur independently of stress granules in vivo, challenging current models of TDP-43 related diseases.
1044h agoThe anterior insular cortex neurons projecting to the medial prefrontal cortex regulate adaptive decision-making and play a key role in cognitive flexibility, and stress disrupts this function, leading to cognitive rigidity.
1044h agoEpicranial current stimulation at 40 Hz improves non-navigational spatial memory and activates the hippocampus in rhesus macaques.
1044h agoMetformin activates the protein rngo/DDI2, which boosts proteasome activity to clear toxic proteins, thereby providing neuroprotection against Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
1044h agoThe cerebellum plays a crucial role in rule-based category learning and category rule-switching in rats.
1064h agoSensorimotor experience with one's own speech and gestures enhances temporal sensitivity to audiovisual asynchrony, allowing people to better integrate what they see and hear.
1064h agoKainate receptors fundamentally alter the dynamics of the dentate gyrus network, lowering the threshold for pathological activity, increasing network responsiveness, and enabling self-sustaining abnormal activity.
1064h agoAnorexia-like conditions cause changes in the brain's reward system, specifically increasing the strength and activity of certain neurons in the nucleus accumbens, which may lead to excessive activity and suppressed feeding.
1064h agoMutations in the SCN1A gene lead to Dravet syndrome, characterized by seizures, intellectual disability, and autistic features, due to abnormalities in thalamic synapses that persist from after seizure onset into adulthood.
1064h agoIndividual cognitive differences shape how brain systems are engaged to support language processing, with people with lower cognitive skills using more general neural resources as a compensatory mechanism.
1064h agoHuman neuronal shapes lead to more complex synaptic connections in local microcircuits compared to rodent neurons, with specific shapes of human neurons strengthening this process.
1064h agoA generative approach predicts synthesis recipes for target inorganic material structures by converting noise to recipes using a diffusion model.
1064h agoInter-level causation mechanism integrates with dual-process theories to construct a unified model of consciousness, agency, and cognitive functions.
1068h agoThe Cortical Labs Application Programming Interface (CL API) enables real-time interactions with biological neural networks, allowing for precise control and consistency in experimentation.
1068h agoThe brain learns task-specific contextual priors on demand and uses them to interpret visual information, even at the early stages of the visual cortex.
1068h agoUltraLIF, a new framework, replaces heuristic surrogate gradients with ultradiscretization to create fully differentiable Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) that are trainable via standard backpropagation.
1068h agoTopoGBM, a new learning framework, captures tumor heterogeneity and achieves better prognosis accuracy for Glioblastoma using multi-parametric 3D MRI, outperforming existing methods.
1068h agoLanguage comprehension depends on the speaker's identity, and mismatches between speaker and content trigger different brain responses depending on whether the mismatch involves social stereotypes or biological knowledge.
1068h agoA neurogeometric model encodes complex motor primitives in the arm area of motor cortex, using kinematic parameters and a geometric kernel to describe cortical activity and recover neural states.
1068h agoBrainSymphony, a lightweight foundation model, processes brain data with less parameters and data than existing models, while still outperforming larger ones in prediction, classification, and network discovery tasks.
1068h agoA new nonlinear deformed Schrödinger structure is constructed using a nonlinear derivative operator, leading to a deformed nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a nonlinear kinetic energy term and conserved energy, momentum, and Planck relation.
1068h agoA study of a camphor disk's motion on water finds that its velocity changes asymmetrically depending on whether it approaches or moves away from a second localized camphor source.
1068h agoLagrangian multiforms provide a variational framework for describing integrable hierarchies, and two approaches have been developed to systematically construct Lagrangian one-forms for finite-dimensional integrable hierarchies.
1068h agoDynamical computing controls energy states to process information, providing a new approach to designing energy-efficient computers and understanding the thermodynamic costs of information processing.
1068h agoPotential-energy gating improves state estimation in systems with double-well stochastic dynamics by modulating observation trust based on the local potential energy.
1068h agoA novel methodology accurately predicts and controls complex systems into new target states with different dynamics, using a data-driven approach and next-generation reservoir computing.
1068h agoThe solutions to Painlev\'e equation II and related Hamiltonian equations have general structures that link them to tau functions through rational expressions, Wronskians, and non-autonomous Somos-4 type relations.
1068h agoNon-reciprocal adaptive couplings in generalized Kuramoto models induce metastability of anti-phase synchronized clusters of oscillators, a characteristic of brain dynamics.
1068h agoThe number of functions grows sublinearly with system size across diverse systems, including bacteria, federal agencies, and cities, following a pattern consistent with Heaps' Law.
1068h agoThe modified Axelrod model reveals that opinion polarization tends to occur in most simulation parameters, and introducing empathetic agents has limited success in reducing polarization, with changing the behavior of highly connected agents being more effective.
1068h agoSimple replicator networks can increase productivity by using information about changing environments.
1068h agoA generalized simulated bifurcation algorithm achieves almost 100% success probabilities for some large-scale combinatorial optimization problems by harnessing the edge of chaos.
1068h agoA general framework is developed for constructing chiral integrable matrix product states in a specific spin chain, and exact overlap formulas are proposed for four-site product states with Bethe states.
1068h agoMachine learning struggles to learn certain complex phases of matter, specifically non-trivial mixed-state phases, due to their computationally hard nature.
1068h agoIn a closed disordered Heisenberg spin chain, spatial synchronization emerges where spins lock into locally synchronized patches when there is large random disorder.
1068h agoThe two-dimensional model of random networks of metallic nanowires or carbon nanotubes overestimates the number of contacts between elements, leading to overestimated electrical conductivity.
1068h agoNEXI accurately estimates brain tissue microstructure, including exchange times and neurite features, in realistic gray matter models with complex cell structures and varying membrane permeability.
1068h agoInvisible flashes of light influence where people think sounds are coming from, even if they can't see the flashes, by changing how the brain processes sound.
1068h agoThe auditory cortex's sound identification and localization pathways are connected in a way that sound identification helps organize sound localization, and both are represented in a geometrically organized manner that aligns with human behavior.
1068h agoAxonal regeneration is accompanied by a transient phase of dendritic pruning, and a balance between dendritic preservation and axon regrowth is necessary for successful regeneration.
1068h agoRepeated exposure to the general anaesthetic isoflurane causes changes in behaviour, blood flow in the brain, and immune cells in adult mice, with different effects seen in males and females.
1072h agoCalbindin-containing neurons in the ventral lateral septum help regulate maternal behavior, specifically pup-licking, by connecting with other brain areas involved in maternal care.
1072h agoInteroception, the sensing of internal bodily signals, is essential for brain-body interactions and shapes emotion, cognition, and behavior. The brain's interoceptive insular cortex plays a key role in perceiving internal gut sensations. A study in mice finds that neurons in the interoceptive insular cortex encode perceptual reports of internal sensations, and manipulating this area affects behavioral reports, providing a neural basis for perception of internal gut sensations.
1072h agoTMS-induced EEG artifacts originate from electromagnetic induction between TMS coil windings and EEG electrode leads, and certain EEG lead configurations can minimize or cancel out these artifacts.
1076h agoThe brain's neural geometry for multitasking has a three-level hierarchical structure that allows for flexible multitask behavior by nesting location codes within subtask spaces, which are grouped under different meta-tasks.
1076h agoVariations in reflex amplitude estimates of individual motor units are caused by complex interactions between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including motor neuron properties and discharge statistics.
1076h agoCellular senescence spreads to neighboring brain cells through a paracrine process involving specific ligand-receptor pairs, which can be targeted to prevent senescence-spreading and potentially treat age-related brain dysfunction.
1076h agoBinge drinking activates different brain circuits in female and male mice, with the connection between the basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens core playing a key role in female binge drinking behavior.
1076h agoCoordinated activity between sensory and motor cortical areas supports hand movements and object interactions, and its restoration is important for recovery of skilled hand function after injury.
1076h agoThe IL-RVLM circuit is necessary for maintaining glucose homeostasis, particularly in females, and its dysfunction contributes to impaired glucose tolerance under chronic stress, with effects varying by sex.
1076h agoA new catalog of preclinical traumatic brain injury models reveals gaps in reporting key variables and provides a centralized resource to improve study design and reproducibility.
1076h agoMutant ATXN1 in microglia directly contributes to their altered function and activation, leading to neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits in spinocerebellar ataxia type-1.
1080h agoStimulating the same stellate cells in the medial entorhinal cortex on consecutive days produces similar changes in grid cell firing patterns and place field locations.
1080h agoAn AAV-only approach allows genetic access to VTA dopamine neurons, enabling optogenetic self-stimulation in mice.
1080h agoPlasma proteins can capture cell type-specific aging, predict disease and mortality, and show that individuals have heterogeneous aging profiles with accelerated aging in certain cell types.
1084h agoCombining lower-limb motor skill practice with tDCS over M1-Leg strengthens retention of skill learning without changing resting corticospinal excitability.
1084h agoScientists discover a previously unknown brain barrier located at the base of the choroid plexus, in addition to existing epithelial, glial, meningeal, and endothelial brain barriers.
1088h agoInfrequent, well-spaced stimuli enhance predictive learning by shaping dopamine signaling and temporal organization in the brain, which helps extract causal structure from experience.
1088h agoCue-reward learning rate increases with the time between rewards, and learning over a fixed duration depends on the duration, not the number of trials.
1088h agoA conserved fibroblast barrier population at the base of the choroid plexus compartmentalizes brain–CSF interfaces and is disrupted by inflammation.
1088h agoLarge Language Model-based program evolution discovers adaptive regularization schedules that prevent posterior collapse in neural population dynamics analysis, maintaining meaningful latent representations.
1088h agoENIGMA, a new electroencephalography (EEG)-to-Image decoding model, reconstructs seen images from EEG recordings with state-of-the-art performance on research-grade and consumer-grade benchmarks, using a simpler architecture and less than 1% of the trainable parameters required by previous approaches.
1092h agoA new framework called the "dynamical microscope" can analyze complex multivariate signals and identify different dynamic regimes by changes in trajectory speed, path geometry, and flow organization.
1092h agoA new unsupervised model extracts shared and independent patterns from different types of experimental data, combining neural population activity and behavioral data to identify structure across distinct data modalities.
1092h agoThe meta-BAMDP framework handles metareasoning in environments with unknown reward and transition distributions, allowing for more realistic planning problems, and provides a normative framework for understanding human exploration under cognitive constraints.
1092h agoNeural ODEs can achieve closeness to target dynamical systems over an infinite time horizon for certain classes of systems, including those with multiple stable states and limit cycles.
1092h agoA new class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with logarithmic-power nonlinearity admits exact localized solutions with flat-top profiles and sharp edges.
1092h agoMean-field systems with many degrees of freedom can behave in a more integrable way as their size increases, but still show chaotic dynamics for finite sizes.
1092h agoParticles cluster periodically under forced oscillation due to increased effective viscosity caused by neighboring particles, leading to uniform distribution instability and formation of periodic patterns.
1092h agoTraveling defects in the phase gradient profile serve as a dynamical precursor for the nucleation of chimera clusters in a ring of non-locally coupled phase oscillators.
1092h agoA simple deterministic input layer design principle suppresses the emergence of spurious unstable modes in Reservoir Computing, improving its robustness to initialization sensitivity and internal noise.
1092h agoA novel numerical method accurately simulates front propagation in the Fisher-KPP equation with time-dependent parameters on an infinite domain, enabling precise front velocity measurements in various nonautonomous regimes.
1092h agoA new framework called the "dynamical microscope" can analyze complex multivariate signals and identify different dynamic regimes by changes in trajectory speed, path geometry, and flow organization.
1092h agoNonreciprocity occurs when the action of A on B is not equal to the action of B on A, and it appears in various forms and systems, including particle ensembles, neural networks, and open quantum systems.
1092h agoThe solutions to the Sawada-Kotera and modified Sawada-Kotera equations fall into four distinct regions: decay, dispersive wave, Painlevé, and rapid decay regions.
1092h agoA vectorial Darboux transformation is derived for an integrable matrix version of the Fokas-Lenells equation, allowing for the systematic determination of exact solutions including breathers, dark solitons, rogue waves, and beating solitons.
1092h agoLarge Language Models can describe a significant portion of the world with nuance and can be used to simulate cellular automata, allowing for a richer platform for simulation.
1092h agoThe Earth's ionosphere exhibits a self-organizing regime, where turbulent flows organize into a coherent structure, with the number density of turbulent waves scaling linearly with magnetospheric driving power.
1092h agoKrylov complexity reliably probes quantum chaos in non-Hermitian systems, distinguishing chaotic from integrable regimes.
1092h agoThe study finds that generalized Lotka-Volterra dynamics with random, non-reciprocal interactions have two distinct phases of Multiple Equilibria, differing in how internally stable equilibria behave under invasions by absent species.
1092h agoA novel evolutionary algorithm generates Special Quasirandom Structures (SQS) that optimize the computational efficiency of Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations by producing efficient supercells with maximal local environmental distinctness.
1092h agoA neural-network construction uses transformer attention heads to define Euclidean scalar quantum field theories, producing non-Gaussian field statistics that can persist even with an infinite number of network parameters.
1092h agoScientists represent worldsheet string path integrals by integrating over neural network parameters and derive key amplitudes, including the sphere four-point integrand and disk four-tachyon amplitude.
1092h agoNonlinear autoencoders can extract hidden structure in data that linear methods, such as PCA and linear autoencoders, miss, even when their reconstruction loss is higher.
1092h agoLocalized low modes of Dirac eigenmodes appear at a temperature between 155 and 158 MeV, matching the pseudocritical crossover temperature from other measures.
1092h agoThe bond disorder in the two-dimensional frustrated quantum Heisenberg model keeps the spin glass phase stable against quantum fluctuations.
1092h agoFlat chiral domain walls in ferromagnets become unstable when driven by a uniform magnetic field above the Walker breakdown field and below a higher threshold.
1092h agoThe boson peak dynamics in glasses produce a crossover in the terahertz dielectric response that is captured by a continuum description coupling charge fluctuations to a frequency-dependent shear modulus.
1092h agoA novel mechanism, called exceptional-bound band engineering, controls topological transitions in non-Hermitian systems based on the system size, allowing for the design of scaling-dependent bands in various lattices and experimental platforms.
1092h agoThe human pallidothalamic circuit binds decision, action, and evaluation during behavior by transforming dynamic representations of choice and confidence into stable ones that guide movement and respond to feedback.
1092h agoThe p75 neurotrophin receptor internalizes at different rates in hippocampal and cerebellar granule neurons, regulated by distinct mechanisms and influenced by intracellular signaling pathways.
1092h agoThe noradrenergic arousal system dynamically modulates cortical gain to shape the spread of cortical activity, producing different patterns of brain response depending on whether it is activated phasically or tonically.
1092h agoThe Network Similarity Index (NSI) measures the quality of brain network organization data, helping to determine if it is reliable enough to map individual brain networks.
1092h agoArtificial neural networks exhibit substantial individual differences in behavior, similar to humans, in tasks such as digit recognition and object recognition.
1092h agoExposure to a mixture of common chemical toxicants at low doses directly affects neuronal function and leads to changes in development, behavior, and brain cell communication.
1092h agoThe lateral intraparietal area (LIP) in macaques plays a key role in integrating sensory and cognitive signals for goal-directed action, not just in controlling eye movements.
1092h agoMutations in Presenilin-1, 2, and amyloid precursor protein genes cause early-onset Alzheimer's disease, and a new algorithm platform can predict the degree of pathogenic potential of these mutations.
1092h agoSynaptic imprecision affects information transmission differently depending on the level of coarse-tuning, with performance limited by correlated noise under weak and moderate coarse-tuning, but saturating under strong coarse-tuning.
1092h agoStroke causes a type of white blood cell to become abnormal, leading to blockages in small blood vessels in the brain, heart, kidneys, retina, and lungs.
1092h agoHuman object recognition relies on a narrow 1.5 octave band of spatial frequency, and this recognition band is maintained by the brain's ventral stream, which becomes increasingly tolerant to noise.
1092h agoA low-channel, consumer-grade EEG headset can match a clinical-grade system in classifying lower limb motor imagery and execution.
1096h agoExtended cessation, a meditative state, is characterized by changes in brain activity, including altered microstate patterns and transition probabilities, associated with self-referential processing and sensory-anchored inflow.
1096h agoSpatially structured tactile cues improve motor performance under sensory conflict by promoting effective integration of visual and somatosensory signals.
1096h agoMicrotubules are directly attached to the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses through an interaction of CAMSAP2 with the scaffolding protein SHANK3.
1096h agoFood preference and intake frequency affect the activity of the medial prefrontal cortex, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy can measure this activity, which could help treat appetite loss in elderly people.
1100h agoAgeing in the peripheral nervous system resembles a chronic injury-like state, with similar molecular changes occurring in both ageing and injury, that can be partially reversed by dietary restriction.
1100h agoTreating mice with a certain immunotherapy causes APOE4 mice to have a rapid redistribution of brain amyloid to blood vessels, leading to increased vascular damage.
1100h agoKetone bodies help reduce inflammation and promote antioxidant effects in spinal cord injuries, leading to better outcomes in rats with induced ketosis.
1100h agoAlzheimer's disease progression involves a two-phase deterioration of brain connectivity, starting with compensatory dynamics followed by abrupt disintegration, caused by amyloid-beta accumulation and synaptic pruning.
1100h agoA repeat expansion in C9orf72 causes muscle weakness, coordination deficits, and spinal motor region damage, leading to a mild form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
1100h agoIsoflurane reduces the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials and modulates intrinsic neuronal properties, with greater effects on cortico-cortical stimulation than thalamocortical stimulation.
1100h agoSTARE, a noninvasive method, provides reliable estimates of glucose uptake in the body, correlating well with traditional blood-based methods in two different PET scanners.
1100h agoNeural activity can be broken down into reusable behavioral motifs that enable better decoding of complex behaviors.
1100h agoEncapsulated therapeutic stem cells implanted in the tumor resection cavity induce cell death in gliomas.
1108h agoLaminin regulates axon guidance through local translation in axonal growth cones, and different laminin isoforms can either increase or decrease local translation, influencing axon growth and guidance during development.
1112h agoMetaplasticity in one part of the hippocampus inhibits long-term potentiation in another part, through a signaling cascade involving astrocytes, tumor necrosis factor, and specific receptors.
1112h agoNW-burst neurons in the auditory cortex of marmosets are a distinct excitatory cell type that drive the firing of connected neurons and have shorter response latencies, lower response variability, and higher decoding accuracy than other neurons.
1112h agoCognition is supported by a segregated network architecture of the brain's resting-state networks, while emotions rely on more distributed mechanisms.
1112h agoCUT homeobox factors control chromatin accessibility at specific neuronal gene regulatory regions.
1112h agoThe organization of object information in the brain is better predicted by an object's graspability and texture properties than by its animacy or real size.
1112h agoAutomatic speech engages a distributed network across multiple brain areas, including the superior temporal, precentral, and postcentral cortices, involving a mix of feedforward and feedback signals.
1112h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex projects to the amygdala in a specific way, with different subareas and layers sending signals to different parts of the amygdala.
1112h agoINCAMA, a new framework, separates neural dynamics from indirect observations to accurately infer directed connectivity from neuroimaging data.
1116h agoThe release of diffusion-weighted MRI data from 216 individuals with epilepsy and 98 healthy controls provides a comprehensive resource to research structural connectivity and surgical outcomes in epilepsy.
1116h agoSensitivity to small environmental changes is maximized when a system operates near a critical point, but optimal tuning of a recurrent neural network depends on the available integration time.
1116h agoPopularity ratings reduce cultural diversity and slow innovation in creative processes by changing how people select and create content.
1116h agoAn artificial intelligence architecture simulates the human working memory system with interconnected neural networks that maintain and update high-level representations, leading to human-like thought and cognition.
1116h agoNeuroscientists propose a core set of conceptual dimensions to characterize representations in the brain, describing relations between neural responses, represented features, and downstream effects.
1116h agoA brain graph foundation model, called BrainGFM, uses a novel graph-based approach to analyze brain data from fMRI scans and can generalize across different brain representations and disorders.
1116h agoState Space Models, a type of deep learning architecture, can serve as a biological model that bridges the gap between microscale neural circuits and cognitive functions.
1116h agoThe Neural Response Function (NRF) framework predicts fMRI-measured brain responses to natural images by modeling brain activity as a continuous function over anatomical space.
1116h agoHuman imagination networks have a consistent structure, while large language models have a different organization of internal representations.
1116h agoThe Structurally Adaptive Predictive Inference Network (SAPIN) learns to process information and position its computational resources by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid.
1116h agoThe extended Korteweg-de Vries equation generates fast propagating resonant radiation due to its non-convex linear dispersion curve, and its reduced models provide suitable regularisations in several cases.
1116h agoIntegrals of motion of the fourth Painlev\'e equation and the difference second Painlev\'e equation can be constructed using a difference Lax form over fields with finite characteristic.
1116h agoScientists infer unknown parameters of mean-field equations and reconstruct unobserved dynamics in large neural networks using a single measurable macroscopic observable and the differential evolution algorithm.
1116h agoDiscrete equations derived from the fifth Painlev\'{e} equation have rational solutions expressed in terms of generalised Laguerre and Umemura polynomials.
1116h agoHigher-order networks with directed and hollow structures can achieve global topological synchronization under certain conditions, with directed complexes always allowing synchronization but not being asymptotically stable, and hollow complexes requiring stricter conditions but potentially favoring stability.
1116h agoDispersive shock waves in the defocusing, discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation exhibit a sharp threshold in discretization, beyond which continuum dynamics from dam breaks are observed, and a variety of wave patterns emerge, including unsteady shocks, traveling waves, and dark solitary waves.
1116h agoA three-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system model based on the Lagrange restricted 3-body problem exhibits transient chaotic dynamics as its normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds lose stability and break apart as a perturbation parameter increases.
1116h agoCooperation thrives in group-based public goods games on almost all networks, deriving from self-reciprocity and clustering through group separations and second-order interactions.
1116h agoThe modified kinematics of a real scalar field lead to analytic BPS double-kink solutions in three models with different superpotentials, where the double-kinks decay exponentially and have distinct energy profiles.
1116h agoDisordered systems with average non-invertible symmetries can be classified into anomaly-free phases if their symmetry data can be encoded in a 2D topological order with a magnetic Lagrangian algebra that is invariant under permutation, otherwise their ground state is long-range entangled with probability one.
1116h agoSensitivity to small environmental changes is maximized when a system operates near a critical point, but optimal tuning of a recurrent neural network depends on the available integration time.
1116h agoA strong increase in susceptibility is an early warning signal that a complex network system is approaching a transition point where a giant connected component appears or disappears.
1116h agoQuantum annealing uses interacting quantum spin systems to solve computational problems, and its capabilities can now be applied to solve problems in condensed matter physics.
1116h agoHigher-order networks with directed and hollow structures can achieve global topological synchronization under certain conditions, with directed complexes always allowing synchronization but not being asymptotically stable, and hollow complexes requiring stricter conditions but potentially favoring stability.
1116h agoHeat propagates logarithmically slowly through a clean Josephson-junction chain coupled to a thermal bath, rather than diffusively.
1116h agoA mixed-dimensional bilayer model exhibits superconductivity across a wide range of dopings and couplings, with a crossover from tightly bound interlayer pairs to more spatially extended pairs as interlayer exchange decreases.
1116h agoThe partition function of a quasi-one dimensional system of hard disks provides an analytical description of thermodynamics and ordering, showing short-range order that exponentially decays with disk separation.
1116h agoActivated relaxation processes in disordered systems, such as structural glasses and certain spin glasses, involve a rich variety of instantons, including nucleation-like and single-particle hopping-like events, that drive relaxation beyond simple saddle crossing.
1116h agoA generalized Lotka-Volterra model with random, sparse, and symmetric species interactions reveals a rich phenomenology, including strong deviations from Gaussianity in species abundance distributions and a novel topological glass phase that depends on extinctions.
1116h agoVariational quantum algorithms built from analog quenches of a disordered Ising chain retain trainability longer when initialized in a many-body-localized phase than in a thermalized phase.
1116h agoThe emergence of the arrow of time in quantum many-body systems stems from the inherent tendency of Hamiltonian evolution to scramble quantum information and increase entanglement.
1116h agoAutoregressive neural quantum states show transitions in their average entanglement scaling, entanglement spectra, and correlation functions for chains of up to 256 spins.
1116h agoClassifier-free guidance in diffusion models often leads to a loss of diversity in generated samples due to a mismatch between the sampling distribution and the true conditional distribution.
1116h agoTonic REM sleep helps regulate mood and counteracts cognitive deterioration and excitability changes caused by insufficient sleep.
1116h agoHuman eye-hand coordination relies on a stable, individual predictive timing that helps the gaze lead the hand, and this timing is shaped by personal neuromotor constraints, not expertise or training.
1120h agoA new experimental platform uses flexible multi-electrode arrays and a custom stimulator to show that different electrical stimulation strategies can control neuronal activation in the visual cortex with high spatial precision.
1120h agoAlzheimer's disease can progress without noticeable symptoms, but a new study identifies a preclinical subtype with brain atrophy but preserved cognitive function, challenging the common assumption that brain atrophy and cognitive decline always go together.
1120h agoAwakening from deep sleep results in a slower return to normal thinking ability, with brain activity recovering in a front-to-back pattern.
1120h agoAlzheimer's disease causes different brain regions to change in distinct ways, but a core immune activation program and specific cellular networks are shared across regions.
1120h agoParkinson's disease alters brain connections involved in movement, with changes varying by body part and brain region, and affecting control of the leg, hand, and larynx.
1120h agoRGC-enriched cultures derived from human pluripotent stem cell retinal organoids contain a mix of retinal cell types, including 19-45% RGCs, with substantial variability between samples.
1120h agoKetamine reduces the activity of the habenula, a small midbrain structure, in response to unpleasant stimuli and this may lessen the negative impact of bad memories.
1120h agoThe brain's resting state is shaped by signals from the body's organs, and its activity relies on the integrity of peripheral nerves that connect the brain and viscera.
1120h agoThe Collins Test, Staircase Test, and Pawedness Trait Test provide consistent and reliable assessments of paw preference in Sprague Dawley rats.
1120h agoOxidative stress-related genes, particularly Clusterin (Clu) and Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor AMPA Type Subunit 2 (Gria2), are linked to ischemic stroke, with changes in their expression in mural cells potentially influencing stroke progression.
1120h agoRats show consistent paw preference at an individual level, but there is no universal directional bias at the population level.
1120h agoToddlers develop face representations based on sparse input that is biased towards positive expressions, such as happiness, with faces and negative expressions being relatively rare in their everyday home environment.
1120h agoA new model predicts stereoselectivity and absolute configurations in asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins.
1124h agoFemale rats with comorbid pain hypersensitivity show increased functional connectivity between the insular cortex and brain regions in the cortex and limbic system, including the thalamus.
1128h agoA corticostriatal circuit enables behavioral restraint during motivational conflict by integrating learned threat and reward signals, allowing for flexible decision-making and adaptive restraint in the face of danger.
1128h agoAnimals use different molecular mechanisms to adjust their behavior in response to internal and external cues at different stages of development.
1128h agoHigh-resolution sodium MRI can detect ischemic brain injury early by showing high sodium signals in damaged areas.
1128h agoAberrant activation of certain brain neurons leads to symptoms of anorexia nervosa, including self-starvation, hyperactivity, and anxiety.
1128h agoX chromosome mosaicism reduces the severity of neuroanatomical and cognitive phenotypes caused by X chromosome loss, with a higher proportion of normal cells linked to better brain structure and function.
1128h agoInteroceptive processing differs between two Drosophila species due to distinct neural circuit properties that coordinate with physiological regulations and influence feeding behavior.
1128h agoAdaptive optics combined with ultrafast two-photon fluorescence microscopy enables synapse-resolving imaging in the living mouse brain, enhancing resolution, signal, and contrast of structural and functional details.
1128h agoTH2 amacrine cells exhibit spontaneous rhythmic depolarizations during development, driven first by starburst amacrine cells through cholinergic waves and later by bipolar cells through glutamatergic waves, and play a role in exerting inhibitory control over retinal waves through GABA signaling.
1128h agoThe brain's functions are determined by both individual cell properties and their interactions across brain networks, and gene expression plays a brain-wide role in functional organization.
1128h agoRhythmic median nerve stimulation at 10Hz reduces tic frequency in individuals with Tourette Syndrome by modulating somatosensory physiology, even when delivered at sub-threshold levels that do not cause a visible muscle twitch.
1128h agoParkinson's disease involves pathological communication between the brain and gut, with brainstem neurons propagating abnormal protein to enteric neurons through NRXN1-NLGN2 signaling.
1128h agoInteroceptive lapses, or moments when attention drifts away from the body, are predicted by changes in brain connectivity, breathing patterns, and behavioral responses, and involve brain systems that overlap with but are distinct from those involved in external attention.
1128h agoMost disease-associated KCNH1 variants cause a gain-of-function in the potassium channel, leading to hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential, and some variants may be targeted by specific drugs.
1132h agoCategory-selective brain regions with distinct feature tuning emerge from a general visual learning mechanism without domain-specific biases, and their representational signatures can be replicated in self-supervised neural networks.
1132h agoA new neural framework called MAMBAxBrain jointly models the temporal and spatial aspects of brain activity and achieves high accuracy in four brain-related tasks.
1132h agoBrain age prediction can be improved by focusing on specific regions of the brain, and a new network called SurfAge-Net can accurately predict brain age by identifying unique developmental patterns in different areas.
1140h agoDeclarative memory consists of two parts, episodic and semantic memory, which are dissociated and associated with different brain areas.
1140h agoLarge language models align with human language processing through a geometric modularization where simpler model layers better predict brain activity in language networks.
1140h agoBrain alignment with human brain activity saturates at modest model scales, specifically at 3 billion parameters, and remains resilient even when models are compressed.
1140h agoIncreasing the length of video clips improves brain alignment with multimodal large language models, and different tasks and clip lengths align with different brain regions.
1140h agoHuman eye-hand coordination relies on individual predictive strategies that help the gaze lead the hand during tasks, and these strategies are shaped by unique neuromotor constraints rather than expertise or training.
1140h agoBiological systems offer a repertoire of strategies for adaptive behavior that can inspire a new approach to machine intelligence, based on principles such as multiscale autonomy and self-organization that enable robustness, autonomy, and problem-solving.
1140h agoComputational neuroscience bridges the gap between linguistics and neuroscience by using modeling, simulation, and data analysis to turn language structures into testable neural models.
1140h agoA deep state space modeling framework that analyzes brain activity over time identifies specific brain regions most predictive of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease and enhances predictive performance compared to traditional methods.
1140h agoLocalized BOLD disturbances, or root-causal maps, initiate pathological cascades in psychiatric disorders and link selectively to specific symptom dimensions.
1140h agoNeural ODEs can approximate dynamical systems with multiple stable states and limit cycles over an infinite time horizon with a small error.
1140h agoA new framework combining diffusion-based structural coarse-graining with spectral noise filtering recovers statistically reliable functional networks from limited fMRI data by reducing network dimensionality and filtering out noise.
1140h agoA probabilistic framework for modeling biological neural systems uses stochastic differential equations and variational inference to integrate existing models and neural networks, enabling hybrid models that predict neural and behavioral responses with fewer parameters.
1140h agoThe NSD-synthetic dataset, which includes 7T fMRI responses to 284 synthetic images, allows for out-of-distribution generalization tests that help develop more robust models of visual processing and human vision.
1140h agoInstruction-tuned multimodal language models show a higher degree of brain alignment with fMRI responses recorded during naturalistic movie watching than non-instruction-tuned models.
1140h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
1140h agoGraph deep learning models' message aggregation mechanism degrades predictive performance in analyzing the functional brain connectome, and a hybrid model combining linear and graph attention network approaches achieves robust predictions and better interpretability.
1140h agoRecurrent neural networks perform computations by dynamically warping their representations of task variables.
1140h agoA material's history determines where it is likely to fail, with the probability of failure changing over time according to a stretched-exponential aging law.
1140h agoDiscrete breathers in a nonlinear honeycomb lattice are dynamically stable over a wide range of parameters, with features that combine discrete and continuum behaviors.
1140h agoThe phase space arclength of a trajectory, measured by the time-averaged Lagrangian descriptor, distinguishes between chaotic and regular motion in Hamiltonian systems.
1140h agoThe relative phase of two-dimensional flat-top solitons at the collision point primarily controls the transition between elastic and inelastic interactions, with out-of-phase collisions leading to nearly elastic scattering and in-phase collisions leading to strong interaction.
1140h agoParrondo's paradox and chaos are connected in two ways: the paradox can be translated into the interplay between order and chaos, and chaos can be used to engineer switching protocols that lead to unexpected outcomes in the paradox.
1140h agoThe elliptic Toda chain and elliptic Ruijsenaars-Toda chain are particular cases of the elliptic Ruijsenaars chain, and they have classical $r$-matrix structures that can be derived from it.
1140h agoThe addition of time-delayed coupling to the 1D swarmalator model leads to a family of unsteady states with time-periodic order parameters, alongside familiar sync, async, and phase wave states.
1140h agoChaos in both dissipative and conservative systems is a critical phenomenon of equilibrium statistics in phase space, characterized by universal critical exponents that distinguish classes of chaos.
1140h agoExpulsive potentials steeper than quadratic ones lead to normalizable eigenstates in one- and two-dimensional Schrödinger equations, which constitute full continuous spectra.
1140h agoA new physical analog neural network architecture uses reconfigurable nonlinear-processing units to enable compact and energy-efficient regression and classification with programmable nonlinear transformations.
1140h agoCoupled quantum flux parametrons perform two universal logical operations, Controlled Erasure and Erasure-Flip, which can be used to build a NAND gate and demonstrate the potential of momentum-based computing.
1140h agoMinimal nonintegrable spin-$1/2$ Hamiltonians are classified and constructed, delineating a sharp boundary between integrability and nonintegrability in spin chains with genuine three-site interactions.
1140h agoThe study links response theory, pullback measures, and optimal fingerprinting to predict the impact of external forces on time-dependent systems and attribute observed changes to these forces.
1140h agoFlow matching learns a nonparametric, memory-augmented continuous-time dynamical system that depends on past transitions, and its optimal velocity field can be expressed as a similarity-weighted mixture of instantaneous velocities.
1140h agoThe stability of points on a switching surface that are equilibria of only one neighbouring piece of a three-dimensional piecewise-smooth system is governed by the behaviour of a global reinjection mechanism.
1140h agoA single intruder agent connected to one or more nodes in a network can destabilize the entire network, and targeting a low-degree node is more effective than targeting multiple nodes or hubs.
1140h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
1140h agoDyMixOp, a novel neural operator framework, accurately approximates nonlinear dynamical systems governed by partial differential equations by projecting infinite-dimensional dynamics onto a finite-dimensional latent space, capturing essential linear and nonlinear interactions.
1140h agoThe electrostatic potential's phase and spatial-mode choice jointly determine whether interference suppresses or promotes particle transport at the plasma edge.
1140h agoA coupled dynamical model reveals that epidemic spread exhibits four distinct patterns as resource allocation changes, and a trade-off exists between efficient resource allocation and infection risk.
1140h agoCoupled Chialvo maps in two dimensions produce ringlike or spiral patterns depending on the type of nearest-neighbor coupling, with rings expanding and spirals evolving into turbulence as coupling increases.
1140h agoSingular value decomposition-based diagnostics are not reliably able to locate the many-body localization transition in time-reversal-symmetry preserving non-Hermitian many-body systems.
1140h agoThe boson peak dynamics in glasses causes a robust crossover in the terahertz dielectric response, which is best explained by a continuum model that links charge fluctuations to frequency-dependent shear modulus.
1140h agoNonlinearity and nonreciprocity in topological mechanical metamaterials produce a new type of robust nonlinear wave called insensitive nonreciprocal edge breathers, whose frequency remains fixed even with increasing nonlinearity.
1140h agoMobility-edge systems can realize multiple thermodynamic functions, including heater, accelerator, heat engine, and refrigerator modes, within a single platform by tuning system parameters.
1140h agoUnlearning in a variant of the Hopfield model improves memory capacity by reducing spurious memories.
1140h agoThe Percolation Hypothesis suggests that Multiple Sclerosis progression from RRMS to SPMS may abruptly break, like a phase transition, when a threshold is crossed.
1140h agoA new framework combining diffusion-based structural coarse-graining with spectral noise filtering recovers statistically reliable functional networks from limited fMRI data by reducing network dimensionality and filtering out noise.
1140h agoMultimodal generation in diffusion-based models is governed by a spectral hierarchy of interaction timescales, where a synchronization gap between eigenmodes leads to desynchronization artifacts.
1140h agoA machine learning-based neural network called DCM-net constructs distributed charge models that accurately model the molecular electrostatic potential with improved accuracy over conventional methods.
1140h agoA microstructure-informed multitask learning framework based on graph neural networks learns to predict rheological properties of suspensions, including particle pressure, viscosity, and friction coordination, from particle configurations.
1140h agoGlasses under constant-pressure shear conditions yield with stress-strain curves that differ only by stress scale at different pressures, and form stable shear bands with lower density, with the behavior similar to constant-volume conditions.
1140h agoScientists directly observe the three-dimensional Anderson transition in a laser-speckle disordered potential and precisely measure the mobility edge using a novel energy-resolved scheme with ultracold atoms.
1140h agoA run-and-tumble particle confined in a harmonic trap has a steady state that can be exactly calculated, showing a persistence-controlled shape transition at a certain turning surface.
1140h agoGenerative models accurately capture evolutionary dynamics when they account for phylogenetic correlations and finite-population effects, but standard Monte Carlo methods fail to reproduce correct phylogenetic structures.
1140h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
1140h agoNon-uniform error rates affect the performance of quantum error correcting codes, causing a Griffiths phase with higher failure rates in 1D repetition codes and losing threshold in 2D toric codes.
1140h agoA simple initialisation algorithm for transformers can be computed using a new analytical theory, which identifies the correct choice of initialisation hyper-parameters to prevent failure modes and ensure smooth training.
1140h agoA new method helps to describe how electrons interact with vibrations in solids that have irregular, disordered structures, resolving long-standing discrepancies in the physics of certain materials.
1140h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
1140h agoThe phase structure of wavefunctions in frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnets can be represented as a classical Ising antiferromagnet on a Hilbert graph, making phase reconstruction a combinatorial optimization problem that is worst-case NP-hard.
1140h agoA tunable class of probabilistic context-free grammars helps explain how language structure can be learned from sentences, with correlations at different scales enabling the emergence of hierarchical representations.
1140h agoAn energy-landscape based elasto-plastic model explains the behavior of amorphous solids under uniform and cyclic shear by simulating mesoscopic sub-volumes transitioning between states of different stability and plastic strain.
1140h agoVariability in health outcomes over time carries independent clinical significance, and a new statistical model can characterize this variability alongside mean trends, uncovering clinically relevant information missed by traditional analyses.
1140h agoMutations in the Fmr1 gene cause Fragile X syndrome, which disrupts motor function, but the spinal cord's locomotor circuitry remains largely intact, with impairments likely arising from problems in higher-level brain circuits.
1140h agoNeuroVLM, a new model architecture, learns from 30,000 human neuroimage-text pairs to generate and rank neuroimages and text, enabling applications such as generating atlases from text and interpreting neuroimages.
1140h agoComorbid HIV and cocaine use is linked to accelerated structural brain aging, which is associated with increased likelihood of cognitive impairment.
1140h agoOctopamine and tyramine neurons influence various physiological and behavioral processes, and researchers have now created tools to selectively access and study these neurons in fruit flies.
1140h agoCervical transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation does not engage leg muscle motoneurons via long-range spinal connections, and instead, electrode placement near the iliac crests directly recruits efferent fibers to produce leg muscle responses.
1140h agoHippocampal circuitry achieves stable memory and sequential dynamics by breaking symmetry, which allows it to balance stability and flow in sequence generation.
1140h agoVIP+ interneurons in the retina play a dual role, synchronizing some ganglion cells electrically while inhibiting others chemically, to shape retinal output.
1144h agoThe HNRNPH2-R114W mutation disrupts RNA processing, leading to changes in gene expression and splicing in human cortical organoids, particularly affecting neuronal and metabolic programs.
1144h agoNeuronal alpha-synuclein pathology in Lewy body disease is associated with microglial reactivity in the hippocampus, and this association may influence clinical outcomes and the spread of pathology.
1144h agoMales and females exhibit sex-specific changes in hormone levels and gene expression after traumatic brain injury, with differences in immune responses, tissue remodeling, and hormone correlations between sexes.
1144h agoAlzheimer's Disease shows individual-level molecular deviations in proteomic data, with distinct subgroups identified based on shared patterns of functional dysregulation, and these deviations correlate with clinical metrics and neuropathological burden.
1144h agoA 2-hour hypothermia protocol provides the best neuroprotection in a preclinical model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia, outperforming 3 and 5 hour protocols.
1144h agoManipulation of mGluR2/3 receptors worsens anorexia nervosa-like symptoms in mice, by decreasing food intake and increasing physical activity.
1148h agoAging increases inflammatory markers in the brain, and cannabis exposure causes age-dependent changes in cytokine profiles in the hippocampus, tending to increase inflammation in young mice and decrease it in aged mice.
1148h agoDopaminergic neurotoxic stress induces HERV-K activation, which is associated with alterations in oxidative stress defenses, survival signaling pathways, and protein homeostasis, and modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway can attenuate this activation.
1148h agoA maternal high-fat diet causes sex-specific changes in the retinas of offspring, affecting microglial and Muller cell activity differently in males and females.
1148h agoChanges in the gut microbiome after spinal cord injury do not influence the spontaneous regeneration of descending axons in lampreys.
1148h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex encodes object locations through dynamic neural activity, with a small set of stable cells and a larger set of fluctuating neurons that form stable representations at the network level.
1148h agoA new brain-mimicking phantom helps develop neural interfaces by replicating the effects of inserting electrodes into the brain, allowing for low-cost and fast testing of new electrode designs.
1152h agoAction timing aligns with ongoing breathing rhythms when people freely choose when to act, and acting during inhalation disrupts breathing more than acting during exhalation.
1152h agoAn automated framework accurately reconstructs three intracortical signal-defined layers from routine MRI scans, providing whole-cortex morphometry and regional organization.
1152h agoPersistent inward currents in motoneurons play a role in the sense of force by affecting motor unit firing, and their inhibition alters voluntary force control.
1152h agoThe putamen plays a key role in organizing language and tool use by controlling goal-dependent sequence integrity.
1152h agoThe brain organizes motor memory based on the relative progress of an action, allowing for flexible reuse of learned movements across different speeds, sizes, and contexts.
1152h agoEmotional experiences affect the organization of brain regions, and using film fMRI with emotional annotations can help extract subject-specific information related to individual differences in state anxiety and openness.
1152h agoPeripheral inflammation is linked to specific changes in brain activity in schizophrenia, particularly increased synchrony in the default mode network and reduced synchrony in sensorimotor networks.
1152h agoA new framework for analyzing brain connections over time improves the accuracy and sensitivity of measurements by keeping individual brain pathways fixed and only changing their density weights.
1152h agoSpatial attention shapes the initial sensory trace of iconic memory by increasing initial stimulus availability at attended locations and suppressing information at unattended locations.
1152h agoDifferent types of neurons have different tendencies to develop tau pathology, with some entorhinal cortex neurons being particularly prone to developing pathological tau species.
1152h agoMitochondrial dysfunction following spinal cord injury shows distinct patterns at different time points, with functional deficits occurring early, increased mitochondrial fragmentation in the sub-acute phase, and mitochondrial recovery in the chronic phase.
1152h agoA new method called MANDT aligns neural dynamics into a shared space, enabling the extraction of consistent neural representations that improve brain-computer interface performance across different recording sessions, subjects, and task contexts.
1152h agoThe locus coeruleus (LC) shows a specific organization with the cortex that changes with age, particularly during negative emotional processing, leading to reduced functional differentiation and poorer emotional wellbeing.
1152h agoWalking towards a goal involves complex interactions between visual direction, gaze, and local motion patterns on the ground plane, which help control locomotion and balance.
1152h agoHigher well-being is associated with mood variability and responsiveness to recent experiences, while depressive symptoms are linked to greater mood stability and reliance on earlier events.
1156h agoA new method called MV-ComBat effectively reduces batch effects in neuroimaging data by jointly harmonizing multiple metrics.
1160h agoMelanocortin 3 receptor neurons in the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis play a key role in regulating feeding behaviors, responses to stress, and defensive behaviors, and this neural circuit is sexually dimorphic.
1160h agoThe human hindbrain's cellular diversity and developmental processes are now mapped through a comprehensive multi-omics atlas that links gene regulation to development and disease.
1160h agoThe hippocampus achieves both local fidelity and global searchability in cognitive maps through complementary mechanisms, allowing mice to efficiently search for safe refuges.
1160h agoDivergent thinking ability is closely linked to semantic memory, and episodic simulation ability is linked to both episodic and semantic memory.
1160h agoTRACR, a new transsynaptic tool, labels and allows genetic manipulation of postsynaptic neurons, enabling characterization of neural circuits and their dysfunction.
1160h agoA protein called BLTP2 is highly enriched in neural pathways from the prefrontal cortex to the amygdala and plays a crucial role in synaptic structure, transmission, and memory formation by promoting presynaptic assembly.
1160h agoA mathematical representation of syntactic objects can be constructed in a function space, allowing for a faithful representation of arbitrary syntactic structures.
1164h agoA physical system can follow agent-level determination without violating physical laws if it has a dual-laws system where the higher level has its own dynamical laws independent of the lower level.
1164h agoSynchronization of bursting events in relativistic electron bunches can be achieved by modulating the electric field in a radiofrequency cavity with an external sinusoidal signal.
1164h agoDubrovin-Frobenius manifolds can be used to construct the BKP and CKP hierarchies, utilizing the orbifold version of Saito theory for isolated singularities with a symmetry group.
1164h agoCorrelation diagrams of vibrational energy levels reveal quantum manifestations of chaos in molecular states, and show how regular classical structures appear as emerging diabatic states.
1164h agoA threshold-based resource redistribution process allows populations to survive at lower resource densities, but leads to a more uneven network with locally centralized clusters.
1164h agoNonlinear quadrupole topological insulators exhibit nonlinear topological corner states and topologically trivial corner solitons in electric circuit lattices.
1164h agoDissipative soliton resonance arises naturally on the energy-scalable branch of the cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, providing a pathway toward high-energy femtosecond pulse oscillators.
1164h agoA new control method called uncertainty-aware reservoir predictive path integral (URPPI) combines neural networks and model predictive control to quickly learn and control unknown nonlinear systems, reducing control costs by up to 60%.
1164h agoThe enstrophy flux in 2D turbulence with linear friction is suppressed in the cascade, causing the small-scale vorticity field to be passively transported by the large-scale flow.
1164h agoTraining the synaptic nonlinearity in physical neural networks yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance-parameter scaling than conventional linear weight-based networks.
1164h agoThe structure of language can be learned from sentences alone through a probabilistic context-free grammar framework that links data statistics to sample complexity and learnability.
1164h agoThe energy-landscape based elasto-plastic model explains the behavior of amorphous solids under uniform and cyclic shear by simulating mesoscopic sub-volumes transitioning between states.
1164h agoA closed system of low-dimensional and continuous-time equations characterizes the asymptotic distribution of stochastic gradient flow parameters in high-dimensional models.
1164h agoLarge language models display rare events during inference, and a new framework helps analyze these unusual behaviors that are hard to see but likely to occur at large scale.
1164h agoTopology constrains dynamics in systems with antagonistic interactions, shaping their energy landscape and leading to robust multistable phases and non-ergodicity.
1164h agoA universal topological marker can quantify the influence of disorder on topological order, and a kernel polynomial method efficiently calculates this marker in higher dimensions.
1164h agoTraining the synaptic nonlinearity in physical neural networks yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance-parameter scaling than conventional linear weight-based networks.
1164h agoThe presence of a geometry-dependent skin effect in non-Hermitian systems in two and higher dimensions allows an infinitesimal impurity potential to confine bound states.
1164h agoRandom graphs with link probabilities conditioned on other links can be represented by a generalized statistical mechanical formalism, which reveals the irrelevance of certain pair-wise conditioning at long wavelengths.
1164h agoIdeal ultrastable glasses have a high degree of local centrosymmetry, which explains their ultra-high shear modulus and the absence of certain soft vibrational modes.
1164h agoA tensor-network approach solves classical optimization problems by transforming the cost function into a matrix product operator and sampling it in the computational basis.
1164h agoSublattice melting in superionic conductors happens when the carrier sublattice becomes fluid-like while the host lattice remains crystalline, allowing for fast ion transport.
1164h agoCombining a biomaterial bridge with a microtubule stabilizer promotes axon regeneration, improves locomotor function, and enhances neural repair in chronic spinal cord injuries.
1168h agoLGI1 interacts with gangliosides and helps organize lipid membrane platforms that accommodate functional protein complexes, and its loss may reduce expression of key ion channels.
1168h agoA small burn causes a large area of skin to become painfully tender because peripheral sensory nerves interact and change their function, leading to increased pain signaling.
1168h agoMale mosquitoes locate females by being attracted to their flight sounds, but females do not show this behavior, and a specific gene called fruitless helps control this ability in males.
1168h agoBaseline disruptions in functional network integration differentiate high-risk older adults who later develop mild cognitive impairment from those who remain cognitively stable.
1184h agoThe axonal action potential propagation in neocortical parvalbumin-expressing interneurons remains robust during moderate frequency activity but changes during high-frequency activity, leading to decreased calcium influx and synaptic transmission.
1184h agoThe dynamic activity and plasticity of inhibitory interneurons in the infralimbic cortex is critical for encoding fear extinction, with parvalbumin interneurons driving fear and somatostatin interneurons facilitating extinction memory.
1184h agoActivity-dependent homeostatic plasticity helps neural circuits recover from disruptions by tuning neuronal ion conductances, and it works best when average neural activity levels are unique to the circuit's specific function.
1184h agoFunctional ultrasound imaging resolves brain-wide cortical and subcortical networks in mice with high accuracy, matching results from other imaging methods.
1188h agoWhite matter functional connectivity is altered in Alzheimer's disease, with changes in connectivity between white matter and gray matter networks appearing even before overt dementia.
1192h agoCortical geometry and distance-dependent activity correlations guide the emergence of multiple higher-order retinotopic maps with systematic spatial relationships across the neocortex.
1192h agoFruit flies can perceive time intervals and use them to predict food sources, and their ability to discriminate between time intervals depends on the ratio of their durations.
1192h agoThe MATLAB Module identifies bad channels in EEG recordings by combining channel-level features and grouping similar channels for review, allowing users to validate and correct the labels through an interactive interface.
1192h agoA dataset combining EEG and fMRI scans from 24 healthy adults provides a detailed look at brain activity and mental experiences during tasks and resting states on two separate days.
1192h agoPrimate neural activity in the primary visual cortex is driven by visual input and organized by the temporal structure of natural gaze behavior, and distinct phases of gaze movement engage different responses.
1192h agoAstrocyte-specific deletion of monoacylglycerol lipase reduces seizure susceptibility and neurodegeneration by preventing pro-inflammatory astrocyte states and activating cannabinoid receptor 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling.
1192h agoAdult zebrafish can fully recover from spinal cord injuries because special stem cells called sox2+ progenitors expand, self-renew, and differentiate into neurons and glia to repair the damage.
1192h agoPhosphoinositides dependent on phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha activity are essential for the postnatal function and survival of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons, and their loss leads to infertility due to underdeveloped gonads and reproductive organs.
1192h agoBrain predictions of sensory movement consequences are adjusted during action preparation, and these predictions affect eye-hand coordination and pupil responses during action execution.
1192h agoTHC from cannabis readily crosses the placental barrier, resulting in high concentrations in the fetal brain of both prairie voles and laboratory rats.
1192h agoMost studies claiming sex-specific effects in behavioral and brain sciences do not provide statistical evidence to support the claim.
1192h agoCircadian neurons from a nocturnal mammal and a diurnal insect exhibit similar daily rhythms in key properties that encode time-of-day, but use distinct electrophysiological mechanisms, reflecting evolutionary adaptation to their respective environmental demands.
1192h agoMonoamine modulation improves behavioral changes caused by neurexin loss, and the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine is a potential lead compound for treating conditions associated with neurexin loss.
1192h agoCACNA1G/CaV3.1 regulates sleep-dependent brain dynamics, linking it to molecular homeostasis and behavior, and its deficiency causes disruptions in sleep patterns, brain rhythms, and gene regulation similar to those seen in schizophrenia.
1192h agoArousal levels affect decision-making strategies in humans and rodents, following an inverted-U relationship where engaged decision-making is most likely at moderate arousal levels.
1192h agoThe perception of effort mainly reflects the magnitude of the central motor command, and people do not feel effort when muscle contractions are evoked without brain input.
1192h agoChronic stress reshapes metabolic regulation by inducing a hypoinsulinemic state with enhanced insulin sensitivity, and this metabolic change is associated with depressive-like behaviors.
1192h agoSensory codes represent stimuli based on their role in behavior, and behavioral demands largely determine how sensory information is encoded throughout the brain.
1192h agoGroup A Streptococcus infections cause brain problems in children by triggering a specific signaling pathway involving IL17A and IL17RA in microglia cells.
1196h agoEarly sensory deprivation causes a coordinated reorganization of cortical networks, with different types of neurons contributing distinctively to changes in connectivity and plasticity.
1208h agoNoradrenaline induces prolonged motor arrest by signaling through cerebrospinal fluid via receptors on ependymal radial glia, leading to inhibition of brainstem commands to the spinal cord.
1208h agoSample size determines the reliability of EEG research, with small samples producing unstable associations and larger cohorts yielding reproducible but smaller effects.
1208h agoThe human cortex has distinct functional connectivity patterns that vary by layer, with deep, middle, and superficial layers showing different connectivity profiles, and these layer-specific patterns relate to a sensory-to-limbic gradient of cytoarchitectural differentiation and hierarchical information flow.
1208h agoAttention to audiovisual working memory contents operates on the level of bound cross-modal objects, not individual unisensory features, and selecting individual object features in one modality affects cross-modal object features in another modality.
1208h agoHuman microglia accelerate neuronal network development and rescue hyperactive network phenotypes by modulating immune factors, including the key protein CCL4.
1208h agoSynaptic hyperexcitability and mitochondrial dysfunction emerge early in Alzheimer's disease, causing region-specific neuronal vulnerability before substantial amyloid plaque deposition.
1208h agoThe human auditory system can partially adapt to extreme outer-ear acoustics similar to those of barn owls, and learn to use binaural cues to infer sound elevation.
1208h agoThe dominant inhibitory cell type affecting excitatory neurons dynamically varies with stimulus and space, and different cell types play distinct roles in context-dependent processing and circuit stability.
1208h agoHunger helps animals overcome pain to get food by activating a specific brain circuit that reduces pain response when food is present.
1208h agoMicroglia have enriched glutathione and polyamine metabolism, which decreases with aging and in Alzheimer's disease, and plays a role in regulating chemokine-related gene expression and preventing beta amyloid deposition.
1208h agoA novel gene therapy system uses microRNA to regulate ion channel expression, allowing for controlled treatment of chronic diseases.
1212h agoA new method using three simple scalp measurements accurately localizes deep brain targets without needing MRI or neuronavigation, achieving a mean localization error of 3.82 mm in 50 healthy adults.
1212h agoThe state of vestibular signalling impacts the prediction of object motion, with people estimating time differently when standing versus lying down or when receiving disruptive vestibular stimulation.
1216h agoHuman midbrain neurons are modulated by cognitive boundaries, and their responses influence memory by carrying signals that help encode and retrieve episodic memories.
1216h agoDistance plays a key role in visuo-tactile integration, with neurons in the mouse posterior parietal cortex integrating visual and tactile information differently depending on the distance of the object.
1216h agoOptical methods now enable recordings from over 100,000 neurons using a standard commercial microscope, and a new software collection called Suite2p efficiently processes these large datasets.
1216h agoOSCAR, a new normative modelling framework, detects condition-related deviations in brain connectivity patterns and identifies regions sensitive to specific tasks or diseases, such as conflict processing, object-location memory, lexical learning, and early psychosis.
1220h agoAmygdala subregions have different functional connections that change with age, and these connections are linked to emotional resilience, cognitive function, and large-scale brain networks.
1220h agoHomeostatic sleep pressure and circadian rhythms work together to govern sleep-wake cycles through circadian-modulated thresholds that link sleep-wake transitions, recovery dynamics, and sleepiness.
1220h agoThe Receptor-Constrained Dynamical Topology (RCDT) hypothesis proposes that neuromodulatory drugs reorganize whole-brain dynamics through local ligand-receptor binding events and spatially heterogeneous gain modulation.
1220h agoA behavior-informed modeling framework helps to accurately interpret brain-wide functional ultrasound imaging signals during naturalistic behaviors with motion, by accounting for movement-related activity.
1220h agoEpileptic seizures that start with a sudden change in brain activity are less likely to spread and spread more slowly than seizures that start without this change.
1220h agoThe pop-GLM model estimates coupling between populations of neurons more efficiently and detects coupling effects with greater sensitivity than traditional models.
1220h agoLoneliness is linked with younger age, being male, unmarried, and living alone, and its effects on brain networks vary by age, with loneliness relating to local interconnectivity in younger people and older age relating to lower functional connectivity and less modular brain organization.
1220h agoCells drift off to repair DNA.
1224h agoCalcium spikes can flip signals.
1224h agoSatellite glia provide fuel to neurons.
1224h agoOrganoids replicate the variation in brain growth.
1224h agoMotor recovery after stroke is characterized by a gradual decrease in flexor-synergy intrusion and improvement in task performance over time, but strength remains impaired, and both factors contribute to functional ability at different stages of recovery.
1224h agoThe temporal integration of tactile signals during self-touch is predicted by individual beta frequency, which determines the experience of body ownership.
1224h agoThe hippocampus, specifically the right side, uses rapid memory replay to help people find solutions to problems without conscious awareness before suddenly becoming aware of the solution.
1232h agoThe spinal cord contains diverse cell types that are crucial for motor function, sensory processing, and autonomic regulation, and a comprehensive molecular characterization of these cell types in human, macaque, and mouse spinal cord reveals both conserved and species-specific features.
1232h agoAstrocytes help animals adapt to changing situations by changing how their brains process information, specifically by altering neural computations to meet new demands.
1232h agoThe timing of experience fundamentally constrains the refinement of neural representations in higher-order visual cortex, which remains plastic beyond early development but retains lasting signatures of early experience.
1232h agoSemantic representations can be viewed as a dynamic knowledge space that humans navigate to retrieve and manipulate meaning, and a new framework represents concept production as navigation through embedding space, capturing metrics such as distance, entropy, velocity, and acceleration.
1236h agoThe attention mechanism used in transformer architecture better predicts brain activity during natural scene viewing than alternative methods by dynamically routing retinotopic visual features to category-selective areas.
1236h agoAn active soft-impact oscillator model reveals a wide variety of nonlinear behaviors and bifurcations, including transitions between periodic and chaotic motion, driven by impact and grazing events.
1236h agoExtremal solutions of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation converge to a deterministic profile governed by either the Painlevé-III or Painlevé-V equation, depending on the macroscopic structure of the spectrum.
1236h agoThermal out-of-time-order correlators in single-particle quantum systems show a crossover from quantum chaos to magnetic rigidity, with Lyapunov-like exponents mapping out this transition with temperature and magnetic field.
1236h agoVegetation in semi-arid ecosystems organizes into irregular clusters and dynamic mosaics due to the interaction between pulsed rainfall, local biological interactions, and environmental variability, which determines ecosystem resilience.
1236h agoHeteroclinic connections between distinct hyperbolic periodic orbits in conservative systems emerge from a codimension two singularity in a family of periodic orbits.
1236h agoAdaptive behaviors based on higher-order information more effectively limit the spread of a contagion and have a lower social cost than those based on pairwise information.
1236h agoSpiral waves in a model for geometric curve evolution exist in a specific parameter regime and can be stable or unstable, exhibiting convective and absolute oscillatory instability, as well as saddle-node bifurcations.
1236h agoA positive increase in maximum temperature is found in Imphal, Northeast India, with a data-driven model reproducing temperature dynamics and deriving underlying physical principles.
1236h agoThe distance between solutions to the integrable KdV equation and a broad class of non-integrable gKdV equations remains close over long time intervals for initial amplitudes approaching unity, but deviates at an explicit rate for larger amplitudes.
1236h agoA two-parameter ensemble of Markov models captures critical slowing down and broken detailed balance in human brain dynamics, with findings showing that brain activity operates near a critical point and has similar patterns across different modalities.
1236h agoA linear relation exists between structure profiles and disorder-induced responses of glass properties, holding universally across glassy systems with varying dimensions and distinct interaction types.
1236h agoThe analysis of the continuous random-field Ising model reveals that the weak-disorder limit yields a physical field decomposition into correlated components with distinct scaling dimensions and a characteristic 1/p^4 behavior, while the strong-disorder regime results in an exact diagonal quadratic action with a discrete spectrum of massive modes and no conventional criticality.
1236h agoThe phase structure of wavefunctions in frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnets can be represented as a classical Ising antiferromagnet on a Hilbert graph, linking wavefunction sign structure to combinatorial optimization.
1236h agoMeasurement-induced phase transitions give rise to novel dynamical states of quantum matter by balancing unitary evolution and measurements.
1236h agoPhase separation in multi-component liquid mixtures is delayed by glass-like relaxation and the emergence of long-lived metastable states.
1236h agoNeural networks organize information according to the hierarchical structure of natural data, and a new research agenda called scale-aware interpretability proposes using the renormalisation framework from physics to develop tools that track how features compose across resolutions.
1236h agoA tensor-network approach solves classical optimization problems by transforming the cost function into a matrix product operator and sampling in the computational basis, providing a straightforward route to systematic improvement and avoiding local minima.
1236h agoThe Branch-and-Bound Tensor Network (BBTN) method solves complex problems in statistical physics and combinatorial optimization more efficiently than existing methods, setting new benchmarks and pushing the boundaries of tractability to previously unreachable scales.
1236h agoSublattice melting in superionic conductors originates from a chemically neutral binary model with a rigid host lattice and a soft carrier sublattice interacting via long-range forces.
1236h agoGrokking in machine learning occurs when test accuracy increases later than training accuracy, and it happens through a transition from a connected network to sparse subnetworks that identify global features and reduce classification errors.
1236h agoThe Landauer-Büttiker formula is extended to describe particle and energy currents with gain or loss in a finite region, revealing novel effects including current generation from asymmetry, disorder, and bond loss.
1236h agoThe optimal search strategy for finding a target with a given spatial distribution in a one-dimensional domain involves a bulk resetting rate that depends on the target distribution and exhibits a second-order transition from no bulk resetting to bulk resetting.
1236h agoPersistent charge and spin currents exist in a ferromagnetic Hatano-Nelson ring with anti-Hermitian intradimer hopping, and disorder can amplify spin currents.
1236h agoFm theta downregulation through neurofeedback training does not improve volleyball setting anticipation performance in novices and may even lead to increased Fm theta synchronization.
1236h agoChanges in oligodendrocyte-derived extracellular matrix in the aging hippocampus cause cognitive decline, and targeting these changes can restore cognition.
1236h agoM2 axons strongly excite corticospinal neurons in the primary motor cortex through monosynaptic connections, and this excitation is accompanied by feedforward inhibition from parvalbumin-expressing neurons.
1236h agoMulti-echo fMRI techniques improve the quality of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements in people with stroke, particularly in low signal-to-noise datasets.
1236h agoRNA granules can be visualized in live mouse brain tissue using a novel method, revealing new details about their dynamics and heterogeneity across different cell types.
1236h agoSynaptic loss in the retina is linked to the accumulation of abnormal proteins, oxidative stress, and a specific protein imbalance, and it predicts cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.
1236h agoTraumatic brain injury enhances the proliferation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus at the acute stage, but this response is abolished without Notch1, and instead drives these cells to become neurons.
1236h agoBifurcations in molecular Hamiltonian systems lead to classical resonances as excitation energy increases, which manifest as quantum resonances with corresponding energies in the quantum system.
1240h agoFlexible decision making in changing environments involves adjusting how sensory information is encoded, which helps to accumulate evidence for making choices.
1240h agoA new method reframes multi-exposure speckle imaging (MESI) parameter estimation as a globally shared inverse operator, producing more stable and spatially coherent maps of blood flow while reducing computation time.
1240h agoTemporal lobe epilepsy patients show greater errors in recalling the sequence of events in a film compared to healthy controls, despite similar recall of overall events.
1240h agoA right-lateralized frontoparietal network, involving regions near the intraparietal sulcus and supplementary motor area, causally supports audiovisual temporal integration.
1244h agoThe Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) presents a standard for organizing eye-tracking data and metadata, including gaze position and pupil data, to improve transparency and reliability of results.
1244h agoA Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) approach integrating finite element modeling with neural network techniques solves the magnetoencephalography (MEG) forward and inverse problems, achieving a mean localization error of 0.45 cm, a 46% improvement over traditional methods.
1244h agoMutations in SBF1/MTMR5 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 4B3, leading to degeneration of peripheral nervous system neurons, and a new model using human stem cells shows that motor neurons are most affected and can be rescued with a specific inhibitor.
1244h agoA new framework for mapping laminar brain activity using functional MRI at 5.0 T enables noninvasive access to cortical microcircuitry with high reliability and reproducibility, producing laminar profiles that match established findings at higher field strengths.
1244h agoSubpopulations of neurons in the auditory cortex are selective to either repetitive or irregular sound patterns, and neural activity during the silent periods between sounds plays a crucial role in this selectivity.
1244h agoChoroid plexus macrophages have diverse origins and their immune dynamics are shaped by these distinct developmental origins.
1252h agoArtificial intelligence applied to brain magnetic resonance imaging can transform neurological care with a new foundation model called BrainIAC that works across different clinical tasks with limited training data.
1252h agoThe brain's intrinsic activity is organized in a hierarchical architecture where some neural systems act as orchestrators that broadcast information and others serve as integrators that transform incoming signals, and this organization is related to human intelligence.
1256h agoOrofacial movements and eye movements explain less of the neural activity variance in mouse visual cortex than previously thought, with orofacial behaviors having a stronger correlation.
1256h agoMusic helps organize visual event memory by enhancing boundary detection and sequential organization through coordinated modulation of the hippocampus.
1256h agoMicroglial phagocytic activity and morphology change differently across subregions of the hippocampus as they develop from mid-postnatal age to early adulthood.
1256h agoPrenatal stress combined with a genetic vulnerability disrupts normal brain development and increases the risk of ADHD-like behaviors in mice.
1256h agoOligodendrocyte precursor cells use different pathways to mature into oligodendrocytes depending on whether the central nervous system needs to adapt to new activity patterns or repair damage.
1256h agoA deep learning model accurately segments lateral ventricles in rodent brain MRIs, enabling 3D ventricle reconstruction, morphological analysis, and ventriculomegaly detection.
1256h agoA specific group of neurons in the central amygdala helps control the force and precision of biting by regulating jaw muscle activity and modulating biting behavior.
1256h agoActivation of C fibres increases action potential propagation in proprioceptive Ia afferents, while serotonin inhibits C fibre activity, which in turn reduces proprioceptive transmission to motoneurons.
1256h agoA new model of the brain's navigation system uses a toroidal network to accurately encode an animal's 3-D head direction, combining horizontal and vertical information to replicate real brain cell activity.
1256h agoDreaming plays an important role in learning and memory consolidation, with random signals during dream sleep contributing to these intellectual functions.
1260h agoLarge language models can autonomously discover predictive models of neural circuits that outperform established baselines.
1260h agoBrainVista, a multimodal autoregressive framework, models the causal evolution of brain states by incorporating novel components that capture system-specific dynamics and inter-network information flow, achieving state-of-the-art fMRI encoding performance.
1260h agoModified Exponential Arrival Time (EAT) method improves simulation of Poisson-distributed latent variable models, providing unbiased results and better performance than other methods.
1260h agoThe method MILCCI identifies interpretable components in large-scale temporal data, captures variability across trials, and integrates label information to understand the representation of each category within the data.
1260h agoA probabilistic framework uses stochastic differential equations and neural networks to model biological neural systems, allowing for competitive predictions of neural and behavioral responses with fewer parameters.
1260h agoBiological memory stores specific facts without corrupting general knowledge by using two separate systems, whereas current AI systems fail to do so because they lack this separation, causing semantic interference that degrades memory accuracy.
1260h agoTissue conductivity variations within the cortex affect electric field simulations in neural stimulation, with conductivity increasing with depth from layer 2 to 6.
1260h agoPeriod-doubling bifurcations in discrete dynamical systems exhibit critical slowing down, which can be described by universal critical exponents that characterise the convergence to a stationary state at and near the bifurcation point.
1260h agoDeautonomisation of birational maps with non-confined singularities is crucial to understanding integrability of higher order maps.
1260h agoEmerging higher-codimension points act as organizing centers for the nonequilibrium phase diagram, featuring various steady and dynamic phases, in a two-field Swift-Hohenberg model with linear nonreciprocal interactions.
1260h agoA novel symmetry decomposition approach derives Painleve solitons of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur system that propagate against a background governed by a Painleve transcendent.
1260h agoThe spectral structure of the advection-diffusion operator in mixed phase space flows is organized into three distinct classes of eigenmodes: advective modes, diffusive modes, and tunneling modes, which are controlled by local Lagrangian phase-space geometry.
1260h agoBifurcations in molecular Hamiltonian nonlinear systems lead to classical resonances as excitation energy increases, which manifest as quantum resonances representing series of avoided crossings of eigenenergies.
1260h agoThe proposed framework uses category theory to extend the classical definition of cellular automata beyond set-theoretic constraints, allowing for generalized cellular automata to be defined for any category with products.
1260h agoReinforcement learning provides a unified framework for understanding how cooperation, fairness, trust, and resource coordination emerge in human and natural systems.
1260h agoThe Lyapunov exponent remains positive even at zero temperature in extremal black holes, showing that chaos persists and violates the Maldacena-Shenker-Stanford chaos bound.
1260h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) accurately predict the existence, evolution, and structural features of quantum droplets in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate.
1260h agoThe generalized scheme of quantum mechanics connects to nonlinear systems, including the Li\'{e}nard family of differential equations, which can have stable equilibrium points, solutions involving Jacobi elliptic functions, and solitonic-like solutions.
1260h agoThe study characterizes the integrability of generalized spin systems in 1+1 dimensions and finds Lax representations and gauge equivalent counterparts for these systems, also establishing gauge equivalence between some Zhanbota equations and six Painleve equations.
1260h agoThe study finds that various types of nonlinear wave solutions, including soliton and breather waves, exist for the (n+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with a Jacobi elliptic function as the external potential.
1260h agoThe logistic Game of Life shows scale-invariant dynamics emerging from purely deterministic interactions, with three distinct phases separated by two critical points.
1260h agoThe dimensionality of physical systems determines their universal properties at criticality, and structural perturbations can trigger a geometric breakdown that induces non-trivial fractal dimensions.
1260h agoCombining Gaussian process regression with dynamic mode decomposition alleviates problems with kernel-based Koopman algorithms, including high computational demands and sensitivity to sensor noise.
1260h agoThe Discrete Non Linear Schrödinger model shows an equilibrium transition between a homogeneous phase at positive temperature and a localized phase at negative temperature.
1260h agoLocalized field configurations with finite energy exist in a 2+1 dimensional model, characterized by a U(1) frequency and winding number, and possess Noether charge and non-trivial angular momentum.
1260h agoThe Fisher information and CR complexity distinguish the dynamic regions of the logistic map, maximizing in the regular behavior and varying near the Pameau-Maneville scenario.
1260h agoA niobium oxide-based memristor device with random nanopores performs computational tasks such as XOR operations, image recognition, and time series prediction and reconstruction using reservoir computing.
1260h agoSmall changes in the structure of disordered materials can cause big jumps in their electrical resistance, especially when the changes occur near the source or sink of the electrical current.
1260h agoThe optimal learning rate schedule for a deep learning model trained with stochastic gradient descent depends on the model's properties and task, following a polynomial decay in the easy phase and a warmup-stable-decay schedule in the hard phase.
1260h agoReinforcement learning provides a unified framework for understanding how cooperation, fairness, trust, and resource coordination emerge in human and natural systems.
1260h agoThe Sub-Optimal Transport (SOT) model describes how systems balance entropy and cost minimization, and a new mean-field theory characterizes the transition between entropy-dominated and cost-dominated configurations.
1260h agoDiffusion models undergo speciation transitions, where trajectories become committed to data classes, and a new theory characterizes these transitions for arbitrary target distributions.
1260h agoThe La2-xSrxCuO4+delta system shows a continuous crossover from an insulating state to granular superconductivity and then to a coherent metallic state as carrier concentration increases.
1260h agoRydberg tweezer arrays with positional disorder and dimerization exhibit a localized phase that does not resemble standard many-body localization, and host an extensive fraction of symmetry-protected topological states.
1260h agoHarmonic chains with random spring constants and masses exhibit low frequency spectral density and localization properties that follow power-law behaviours with phase transitions occurring at specific distribution parameter values.
1260h agoHigher-order interactions in contagion processes are equivalent to pairwise mechanisms and are governed by pairwise interactions at coarse-grained scales.
1260h agoThe dimensionality of physical systems determines their universal properties at criticality, and structural perturbations can trigger a geometric breakdown that induces non-trivial fractal dimensions.
1260h agoDisorder can induce superfluidity in certain systems when more than two energy levels are available per site, leading to regions with non-vanishing condensate fraction and the emergence of a linearly-dispersing phonon mode.
1260h agoA new algorithm can train analog computing systems using a graph theoretic framework to calculate gradients, enabling energy-efficient machine learning with locality constraints.
1264h agoIdeal ultrastable glasses have a high degree of local centrosymmetry, which explains their ultra-high shear modulus and the absence of boson peak-like soft vibrational modes.
1264h agoAPOE ε4 defines a persistent systemic proteomic endophenotype in ALS characterized by immune and inflammatory biology that relates to disease progression.
1264h agoDendrites grow asymmetrically in response to spatiotemporal activity patterns, with starburst amacrine cells transforming retinal wave propagation into direction-selective dendrite growth.
1264h agoBilingualism is associated with higher executive function in older Mandarin-speaking adults, especially those who are cognitively impaired.
1264h agoDRG stimulation activates C-fiber afferents more easily than electrical peripheral nerve stimulation, and this is due to the presence of sodium channel subtype NaV1.6 in the stem axons of DRG neurons.
1264h agoParkinson's Disease research finds shared dysregulated pathways across genetic and environmental models, including a glia-specific role in purine nucleotide metabolism that may protect against pesticide neurotoxicity.
1264h agoHigher heart rate variability during REM sleep is associated with better retention of extinction memory in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.
1264h agoGrid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex code for position and velocity together, with some cells showing interactions between these properties that can't be seen when looking at each one separately.
1268h agoStroke triggers a shared inflammatory response in two areas of the brain, with microglial reactivity being a key early process for post-stroke cortical plasticity in both male and female mice.
1268h agoBrain and heart signals can assess attention levels, and combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy and heart rate variability data provides the best accuracy in classifying sustained attention states.
1268h agoAmyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease form complex environments in the brain that change over time and involve multiple cell types.
1268h agoEntropy measures, specifically alpha/theta temporal entropy, are the most reliable indicators for detecting dementia, enabling classification performance comparable to complex deep learning methods.
1268h agoThe method based on dynamic connectivity between two brain areas improves the accuracy of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback training by increasing signal-to-noise-ratio and correlating with emotional states.
1268h agoPrefrontal cortex and premotor cortex use different neural processes to make flexible decisions, with prefrontal cortex creating complex representations to map sensory input to motor action and premotor cortex only representing the chosen action.
1268h agoVariability in search templates across categories and individual observers slows down visual search performance when searching for objects at the category level.
1268h agoThe human visual claustrum has a unique topographic organization, showing several properties typical of visual areas, including a bias towards the contralateral visual field and a specific pattern of representation across the visual field.
1268h agoMental imagery is represented in distributed and partially overlapping neural networks across auditory and visual modalities in the brain.
1268h agoBackground noise disrupts auditory processing in hidden hearing loss by degrading the ability of auditory nerve fibers to lock onto sound frequencies, leading to reduced sound localization ability.
1268h agoAlzheimer's disease arises from changes in proteins in different brain cell types, with 3,028 proteins showing abnormal levels, including cross-cell signaling proteins that can activate microglia.
1276h agoNeuronal correlations and geometry collectively determine readout generalization across tasks, and follow distinct trajectories over the course of learning.
1280h agoOligodendrocyte precursor cells regulate synapses in response to activity by releasing vesicles that help stabilize retinal ganglion cell pre-synapses.
1280h agoEnhanced Ba2+-sensitive potassium conductance reduces excitability in auditory cortex neurons of mice with Fragile X syndrome, and this altered ionic mechanism may help stabilize output in response to increased excitatory drive.
1280h agoDifferences in dopamine neuron subpopulations are caused by distinct electrophysiological properties, including varied responses to hyperpolarization and pacemaking regularity, which are determined by the recruitment of Kv4 channels and interactions with other ion channels.
1280h agoThe transcription factor ASCL1 regulates the development of glial cells, including their specification, migration, proliferation, and differentiation into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the brain.
1280h agoSkilled deaf readers achieve high reading performance by using alternative strategies of orthographic processing, particularly in processing letter identity, which differs from that of hearing readers.
1280h agoInformation processing in the brain can be measured by estimating active information storage, transfer entropy, and net synergy from task-based fMRI scans, and this approach reveals changes in brain activity as working memory load increases.
1284h agoEEG foundation models, pretrained on large amounts of unlabeled data using transformer architectures and self-supervised learning, are being developed to learn whole-brain representations from multichannel EEG and adapt to various downstream tasks.
1284h agoDifferences in communication preferences between autistic and neurotypical individuals can cause empathy degradation during their interactions.
1284h agoThis study proposes a framework to measure and improve metacognitive ability in large language models by linking internal knowledge to explicit behaviors.
1284h agoA machine learning framework that integrates feature engineering and cross-validation achieves a balanced accuracy of 0.660 on a high-dimensional structural MRI dataset of deep brain stimulation cognitive outcomes.
1284h agoA unified model for all tasks can be developed by using an adversarial construction approach to identify key tasks in a large task space, leading to a more efficient experimental design.
1284h agoA recurrent neural network learns to predict and represent objects and their relations by sequentially sampling and predicting tokens in a scene, demonstrating how structured representations emerge to support prediction.
1284h agoA foveated vision interface based on the human retina and primary visual cortex enables efficient processing of high-resolution images by mimicking the human eye's variable resolution, achieving competitive performance at a lower computational cost.
1284h agoDeep artificial neural networks trained to perform interval timing tasks exhibit oscillatory neural activations similar to those found in biological systems, and use these oscillations to keep time internally.
1284h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
1284h agoTransformers perform transitive inference by generalizing from adjacent items when trained with in-weights learning, but need pre-training on linear regression tasks to exhibit generalizable transitive inference when using in-context learning.
1284h agoNOBLE, a neural operator framework, learns to predict distributions of neural dynamics that account for the intrinsic experimental variability of neurons, enabling the efficient generation of synthetic neurons that closely resemble experimental data.
1284h agoMutual future avoiding random walks on graphs spontaneously develop periodic behavior, where periodic and unstructured movement patterns coexist.
1284h agoStochastic perturbations regulate density and mitigate singular concentration in interacting particle systems, and the macroscopic density evolution follows a gradient-flow structure.
1284h agoThermalization in isolated classical systems with local interactions occurs due to effective local ergodicity, not global ergodicity.
1284h agoQuantum spin chains solvable via hidden free fermionic structures have algebras that connect to graph-Clifford or quasi-Clifford algebras, and their Hamiltonians can be represented by a defining representation that creates few-body eigenstates.
1284h agoThe hot-electron-limit closure allows for a closed system of equations for density, velocity, and temperatures, reproducing established growth rates, heat transport, and dynamics in certain conditions.
1284h agoSystems with strong quenched randomness and preserved average symmetry exhibit critical correlations of local operators in two distinct ways when spontaneous symmetry breaking is absent.
1284h agoNeural quantum states can be treated as neural approximations to latent imaginary-time evolution, and a new physics-inspired architecture based on this idea achieves high accuracy with fewer parameters.
1284h agoThe study calculates critical exponents of the zero-temperature spin glass transition in a field on a one-dimensional long-range model.
1284h agoThe Spatial Attention mechanism enables highly accurate simulations of large quantum systems, allowing extraction of thermodynamic-limit properties and revealing new insights into magnetic order and sign structures.
1284h agoExcessive pre-training can slow down fine-tuning optimization, even when the pre-training and downstream tasks are well aligned.
1284h agoA new algorithm exactly calculates gradients for analog computing systems, enabling the training of these systems while adhering to locality constraints, and allows for efficient training of resistor networks.
1284h agoIdeal ultrastable glasses have a high degree of local centrosymmetry, which explains their ultra-high shear modulus and the absence of boson peak-like soft vibrational modes.
1284h agoThe study examines the quantum spin dynamics of a N-vector through renormalization group theory, focusing on perturbation theory and vertex expansion to derive one-loop β-functions for specific cases.
1284h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
1284h agoMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets provide a way to uncover small amounts of disorder, and spectroscopic lines can serve as a hallmark signature of disorder, allowing for its quantification and characterization.
1284h agoThe transversal CNOT gate reduces the optimal bit-flip error threshold to 0.080, a 26% decrease from the toric code memory threshold, and establishes a method to map transversal Clifford logical circuits to statistical mechanical models to estimate error thresholds.
1284h agoAcute sleep deprivation induces robust, cell-type- and region-specific transcriptional reprogramming in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which are critical for sleep regulation.
1284h agoSpecialized neural mechanisms for face perception can develop from domain-specific visual experience, and broad visual experience supports flexible generalization and face recognition.
1284h agoBody-segment coordination predicts postoperative gait severity in Parkinson's patients with freezing of gait, and is altered by dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation.
1288h agoControlling for site effects is more critical than model complexity for achieving generalisable classification in first-episode schizophrenia, and distribution-alignment methods can help mitigate performance degradation when transferring models across scanning sites.
1288h agoThe brain's visual processing relies on a network that combines specialized visual circuits with broader brain connections to compute visual features and enable flexible sensory processing.
1288h agoSimultaneous wide-field optical imaging and resting-state functional MRI show that the large-scale spatial structure of neural activity is preserved across different methods and time scales.
1288h agoThalamocortical circuits in rodents and primates show species-specific differences in neural dynamics, with rodent circuits being more sensitive to changes in connectivity strength and producing irregular sleep spindles, whereas primate circuits are more stable and generate uniform spindles.
1288h agoA computational model based on the Dot-Linear-Network framework shows that Network cognition outperforms Linear cognition in decision-making by representing shared structure and learning from experience, leading to better expected outcomes and lower exposure penalties.
1288h agoCortical circuits combine muscle-based control with sensory feedback to support skilled hand movements by integrating proprioceptive feedback with predictive motor commands.
1288h agoLow glucose levels and abnormal Tau protein combine to trigger brain cell death through a specific process called necroptosis.
1292h agoRepeated learning reorganizes memory engram cells in the brain, forming a new dual engram that enhances memory precision and strength.
1292h agoThe brain represents subtle differences in object size through a distributed network that combines visual, spatial, and memory information.
1292h agoMesenchymal stem cell administration partially restores vascular impairment and blood-brain barrier disruption in Machado-Joseph disease transgenic mice, improving motor performance.
1292h agoTraining artificial neural networks to recognize faces based on emotion and identity, in addition to using a few individuals with varied expressions, helps them learn face geometry in a humanlike way and generalize to new face tasks.
1292h agoThe FSINC model fuses EEG and fMRI data to accurately reconstruct cortical activity, enabling high-spatiotemporal-resolution source imaging of brain states, including continuous and naturalistic states.
1292h agoAlzheimer's disease progression is characterized by a systemic topological dissolution of the hippocampus, which can be accurately mapped by prioritizing hierarchical shape abstraction.
1292h agoVisual attention focuses mainly on the moving hand during a task that requires one hand to stabilize while the other reaches for a target.
1292h agoCortical excitability is inherently multidimensional, consisting of six separable dimensions with limited redundancy, that relate to distinct physiological processes and neurobiological substrates.
1292h agoBrain connectivity patterns in children and adolescents are linked to psychopathology, and this relationship is organised around specific brain networks and cell types.
1292h agoTargeted protein degradation can eliminate pathogenic autoantibodies while leaving the rest of the immune system intact, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for autoantibody-mediated neurologic diseases.
1292h agoBrain activity aligns between individuals when they interact socially, and specific patterns of within- and between-brain connectivity emerge during collaborative tasks, differing between intergenerational and same-generation dyads.
1296h agoNeural activity in the motor and somatosensory cortices changes with the task of exerting force, and distinct patterns of activity control maintaining and changing forces, even in people with severe spinal cord injuries that prevent movement.
1304h agoOxytocin production decreases with chronic social isolation, but oxytocin treatment or astrocyte activity can prevent this decrease and promote social behaviors.
1304h agoDecisions reorganize option representations in the lateral prefrontal cortex, transforming chosen and unchosen options into distinct neural subspaces that facilitate selective readout of the chosen action.
1304h agoHigher spontaneous eye-blink rate is associated with better executive function and more mature prefrontal cortex activation in young children.
1304h agoThe cerebellum helps animals learn to anticipate rewards by predicting when they will receive them, even when no action is needed to get the reward.
1304h agoInfants as young as 12 months old exhibit self-reflective capacities, including error-tracking and metacognitive control, which predict the emergence of conceptual self-representation six months later.
1304h agoA modular spiking neural network uses spike-timing-dependent plasticity to store and retrieve multiple dynamical patterns through temporally overlapping activations of its modules.
1304h agoChandelier cells show impaired excitability in mice with Dravet Syndrome, a disorder that causes epilepsy and autism-like features.
1304h agoBilinguals' second language processing is delayed compared to their first language, with the delay occurring in specific locations within shared brain networks, varying by task and modality.
1304h agoBrain rhythms can inspire design principles for machine learning algorithms, and a new framework called HoloGraph uses a shared synchronization mechanism to improve the efficiency and robustness of graph neural networks.
1308h agoEEG variability affects reliability and reproducibility in neuroscience and brain-computer interfaces, with inter-subject differences typically larger than within-subject fluctuations, and stability varying depending on the specific features and measures used.
1308h agoAI chatbots can pose a mental health risk to users, with harmful responses occurring across most user types and chatbot models, and risk accumulating over multiple conversations.
1308h agoCommunity-level modeling of cortical folding provides a robust framework for individualized cortical characterization and reliable cross-subject correspondence.
1308h agoA machine-learning framework analyzes standard clinical videos to distinguish between hyperkinetic movement disorders by converting them into keypoint time series and computing kinematic descriptors.
1308h agoPre-training with longer contexts helps models learn representations that transfer better to word decoding from brain data, and MEG-XL, pre-trained with 2.5 minutes of context, matches supervised performance with much less data and outperforms brain foundation models.
1308h agoTraveling waves of neural activity are necessary for accurately processing signals that move in physical, visual, or abstract spaces.
1308h agoPaceLLM, a brain-inspired model, improves long-context capabilities of Large Language Models by introducing a Persistent Activity Mechanism and Cortical Expert Clustering, achieving performance gains of up to 17.5% on long-context tasks.
1308h agoThe choice of musical sequence encoding fundamentally shapes the topology, uncertainty distribution, and communication efficiency of music networks, with single-feature representations supporting efficient communication but discarding structural richness, and multi-feature representations preserving detail but leading to lower communication efficiency.
1308h agoThe receptive field responses in the visual hierarchy are influenced by geometric image transformations, and using covariant receptive field families can help handle this variability.
1308h agoLarge Language Models can describe a significant portion of the world with nuance and can be used to simulate cellular automata by expressing cell states and rules in natural language.
1308h agoA single driving signal can suppress extreme events in a response system by dominating its behavior.
1308h agoThe study of a nonlinear two-degree-of-freedom mechanical oscillator reveals a rich spectrum of nonlinear behaviors, including periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic responses, influenced by nonlinear stiffness, mass symmetry, and frictional effects.
1308h agoScientists developed a method called templex to classify chaotic systems in any number of dimensions, reducing it to basic units called oscillating and switching units.
1308h agoThe combination of cell complexes and directed graphs, called templex, characterizes chaotic attractors and allows for their accurate classification by considering the flow direction between cells.
1308h agoThe Physarum network's intelligent adaptive capability allows it to locate optimal paths for nutrient transport through periodic oscillations in cytoplasmic flow that prevent traffic congestion.
1308h agoA neural network parameterized Ising machine (NPIM) learns an update rule to optimize NP-hard Ising and Max-Cut problems, recovering effective algorithmic structure and achieving competitive solution quality and time-to-solution.
1308h agoThe study finds that a system's dynamics can transition from critical behavior with a robust exponent value to quasi-critical dynamics with larger exponent values, driven by memory effects caused by dissipative mechanisms.
1308h agoA general framework is developed for constructing chiral integrable matrix product states in a specific spin chain, and exact overlap formulas are proposed for four-site product states with Bethe states.
1308h agoThe Davey-Stewartson II integrable system is related to Dirac Hamiltonians that exhibit super-Klein tunneling, with the Dirac interactions constructed from breather solutions of the system.
1308h agoNon-Hermiticity parameters induce fractional topological phases in a nonlinear Rice-Mele model, even when conventional linear approaches predict quantized topological invariants.
1308h agoConflict fatalities in Yemen and Syria follow a power-law distribution with an exponent between 2.5 and 3.5, indicating that fighters operate in smaller clusters as the conflict evolves.
1308h agoWeak higher-order interactions can enhance synchronization in complex systems when combined with pairwise ones, while strong higher-order interactions generally work against it.
1308h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model reveals a richer dynamical behavior, including oscillations and bifurcations, than its single-layer counterpart, offering new insights into real-world systems such as brain networks, climate, and ecological systems.
1308h agoThe Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation governs pattern formation in dissipative media through a conserved contact potential, which guides a continuous transition from periodic periodons to localised solitons and a first-order phase transition with a hysteresis loop.
1308h agoThe model of traffic flow exhibits a phase transition at a critical density, where it evolves into a fully jammed state or congested traffic below the critical density, and into homogeneous diagonal bands where cars move freely without obstruction above the critical density.
1308h agoA novel 2+1-dimensional S-integrable extended Dym-type equation is introduced, which generates integrable modulated versions through a class of involutory transformations.
1308h agoWave turbulence in one-dimensional shallow water waves follows a non-trivial wave kinetic equation, which can produce a thermo-equilibrium state and stationary power-law spectra.
1308h agoParticles with different shapes form voids, or empty spaces, with distinct characteristics, with rhomboidal particles creating uniformly sized voids and elliptical particles creating voids of varying sizes.
1308h agoThe modified Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity has smooth solitary wave solutions that are orbitally stable under certain conditions.
1308h agoDynaMix, a novel model, accurately forecasts the long-term evolution of complex systems without needing re-training, outperforming existing time series models in terms of long-term statistics and often short-term forecasts.
1308h agoDissipative quantum chaos can be characterized and controlled through entanglement entropy and out-of-time-order correlators, which reveal two distinct regimes: transient chaos and steady-state chaos.
1308h agoThe existence of a specific conservation law implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities in translationally invariant quantum spin chains with finite-range interactions.
1308h agoThe N-DAM kinetic model generically experiences finite-time blowup governed by the critical-balance regime, leading to non-Kolmogorov energy transfer from large to small scales.
1308h agoA variant of the pseudo-inverse learning rule allows Hopfield-like Neural Networks to infer archetypal concepts from a limited number of examples through a multitude of coexisting states with diverse thermodynamic properties.
1308h agoA new method helps optimization by shaping the global loop structure of a graph without changing local interactions, making it easier to reach the global minimum of an energy function.
1308h agoMachine learning models accurately predict the behavior of quantum many-body systems, reproducing localization, delocalization, and multifractality trends across a wide range of interaction strengths.
1308h agoA new approach using equivariant graph neural networks can accurately predict the Hamiltonian matrix of large structures, enabling the study of devices with thousands of atoms.
1308h agoInterparticle interactions in moiré lattice systems can cause localization, generating multiple mobility edges and transitions among ergodic, critical, and many-body localized regimes.
1308h agoFermionic non-Gaussianity is suppressed in many-body localized regimes and restored in ergodic regimes, with implications for understanding quantum states and computational quantum advantage.
1308h agoA neural network parameterized Ising machine (NPIM) learns an update rule to optimize NP-hard Ising and Max-Cut problems, recovering effective algorithmic structure and achieving competitive solution quality and time-to-solution.
1308h agoHydrogen bond strength and delocalization energy decline from bulk to the water/air interface, correlating with changes in reorientation dynamics and sum-frequency generation spectra.
1308h agoThe study finds that a system's dynamics can transition from critical behavior with a robust exponent value to quasi-critical dynamics with larger exponent values, driven by memory effects caused by dissipative mechanisms.
1308h agoClassifier-free guidance in diffusion models leads to a loss of diversity in generated samples due to a mismatch between the sampling distribution and the true conditional distribution.
1308h agoDisorder in photonic crystals and waveguides creates states inside the photonic band gap that follow an Urbach law, with the density of states maximal at the band edge and decaying into the gap.
1308h agoThe geometry of superstable cycles provides a direct probe of local nonlinearity in triadic percolation, with the distance from the map's maximum to a key point on the attracting cycle scaling as a power of the distance from the maximum.
1308h agoThe infinite random Heisenberg XXZ spin chain exhibits a slow propagation of information in any fixed energy interval.
1308h agoA two-lifetime model explains low-energy features of cuprate superconductor spectra, suggesting strong inelastic forward scattering of electrons.
1308h agoMultifractality emerges near a synchronization phase transition in neural fields, providing a basis for interpreting multifractality in brain recordings.
1308h agoMigration must be strong enough to prevent extreme concentration on the fastest growing site when random growth rates and redistribution compete.
1308h agoA tensor network-based method calculates disorder-averaged expectation values in random spin chains without needing to sample over disorder configurations.
1308h agoThe spatial photonic Ising machine can efficiently implement a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems with spatially convolutional structures, including distance-based problems like placement and clustering, without needing complex multiplexing.
1308h agoEmpirical risk minimization in over-parametrized two-layer neural networks reveals that capacity control emerges from a low-rank structure in learned feature maps.
1308h agoThe attention-indexed model (AIM) provides a theoretical framework for analyzing learning in deep attention layers, capturing how token-level outputs emerge from interactions over high-dimensional embeddings.
1308h agoComplex-valued neural networks with tensor-valued hidden-to-output weights exhibit a fermion-like sign structure in their large-width correlation functions, obeying fermionic Wick rules.
1308h agoTrained attention layers show a reproducible spectral structure of weights, including low-rank collapse and isolated spectral outliers, and learning proceeds through sequential spectral recovery when targets have power-law spectra.
1308h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model reveals a richer dynamical behavior, including oscillations and bifurcations, than its single-layer counterpart, offering new insights into real-world systems such as brain networks, climate, and ecological systems.
1308h agoThe bosonic Bott index is a robust real-space topological invariant for multi-band magnonic systems, and magnon transport depends on Gilbert damping and disorder.
1308h agoThe curvature evolution of the loss landscape, measured by critical sharpness, determines local training stability of neural networks, and this measure captures well-documented Hessian sharpness phenomena in large language models.
1308h agoA generative AI approach predicts materials synthesis recipes and was used to successfully synthesize a material.
1308h agoThe motor learning system updates future motor commands based on the amplitude of the feedback response during the holding period, not the temporal pattern of the visual error.
1308h agoFormalin fixation alters MRI-relevant physical properties of brain tissue, with distinct changes in relaxation rates and magnetization transfer saturation ratio across different post-mortem processes.
1308h agoA new quality measure for spatio-temporal spike patterns in multiple-neuron recordings combines several criteria into a single measure based on the unlikeliness of the pattern.
1308h agoGLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce brain reactivity to food cues in appetite and reward regions, but their effects on substance use disorder and brain responses appear largely unexplored and inconsistent.
1308h agoThe ability to learn complex sensorimotor mappings through explicit strategies is limited by working memory capacity, and performance plateaus when task complexity exceeds this limit.
1308h agoThe visual system segments visual inputs into distinct objects through dynamic processes that integrate prior expectations with sensory information.
1308h agoMosquitoes are attracted to some people more than others, with different species of mosquitoes favoring different individuals based on their unique body odor and bacterial signatures.
1308h agoThe generation of movement emerges from a low-dimensional latent dynamical system that maintains a fixed relationship to movement parameters, and changes in neural encoding are the main source of drift in motor cortex.
1308h agoBeta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enhances neuronal Tau proteostasis, reduces Tau aggregation and secretion, and ameliorates Tau pathophysiology, offering a potential therapeutic avenue for Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies.
1308h agoHigher plasma GFAP levels in women are linked to worse memory performance and lower levels of a protein associated with Alzheimer's disease.
1308h agoThe neural representations of dynamic stimuli become slower and more temporally stable as they move along the hierarchy of cortical areas in the visual ventral stream, and this is determined by the network's architecture and layer-specific functions.
1308h agoThe SMA complex has distinct neurophysiological and structural connectivity profiles, with the pre-SMA and SMA areas showing different cortical excitability, oscillatory dynamics, and connections to the thalamus.
1312h agoAmyloid-beta immunotherapy causes amyloid-related imaging abnormality (ARIA) lesions, which include meningovascular inflammation, vascular mural permeation, and microvascular lesions, in a mouse model with extensive amyloid deposition.
1312h agoMitochondrial properties in closely related neurons differ, which makes some neurons more vulnerable to neurodegenerative diseases like ALS.
1312h agoREM sleep dynamically organizes hippocampal activity through an infraslow modulation of theta oscillations, which coordinates neuronal excitability across brain regions and regulates inter-regional communication.
1312h agoOveractive cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) contributes to the progression of drug-refractory epilepsy (DRE) by inducing inflammation in the brain.
1312h agoOlder adults have more unique brain network patterns than young adults, and mapping individual brain networks improves understanding of brain function and aging.
1312h agoThe brain still receives visual information during sleep, but responses in the early visual cortex are suppressed and can even be deactivated by high-intensity visual stimulation.
1312h agoA guide based on an open-source data quality assessment tool helps choose the right motion artefact correction method for functional near-infrared spectroscopy data.
1312h agoSynaptic cleft orientations are not randomly distributed, but show directional biases across cortical layers, and this pattern is conserved across species.
1312h agoActivating GIRK channels with GiGA1 reduces ethanol intake and reward in mice by modulating neural circuits involved in alcohol use disorder.
1312h agoThe cytokine G-CSF enhances cocaine reward by promoting glutamatergic synaptic remodeling in the nucleus accumbens.
1312h agoChemoaffinity-based connectivity rules help establish innate cognitive functions and motor programs by structuring recurrent neuronal networks, leading to the development of different networks that enable various abilities, such as path integration, categorization, and motor control.
1312h agoA novel siRNA delivery platform targets the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) to achieve robust knockdown across multiple central and peripheral tissues.
1316h agoHunger modifies the sensitivity of taste cells to sweet tastes through insulin receptor signaling, which helps regulate feeding behavior.
1316h agoStimulating the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex with transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates local brain activity and connections to deeper brain regions involved in reward processing.
1316h agoPeople's eye movements are linked to their aesthetic experiences, with similar gaze patterns predicting similar aesthetic appeal judgments when viewing a documentary.
1316h ago4-Methylumbelliferone (4MU) treatment reduces brain inflammation, breaks down protective tissue around brain cells, and improves memory in old mice.
1316h agoMice spend more time exploring their environment than engaging in social interaction, suggesting that standard social behaviour tests may reflect curiosity rather than a desire for social contact.
1316h agoPersistent activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) causes recurrent pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by amplifying and sustaining the actions of histamine receptors.
1316h agoDeepUnitMatch software tracks individual neurons in high-density electrophysiological recordings across weeks using only the spike waveforms of the neurons.
1316h agoThe retinal population activity is well described by a small number of collective modes tightly coupled to the visual stimulus, allowing for efficient coding and variability in sensory population codes.
1316h agoExcessive alcohol drinking is linked to region-specific changes in brain chemistry, particularly in the serotonin and opioid systems, which may contribute to individual differences in alcohol use disorder susceptibility.
1316h agoA period of late brain activity provides a signature of conscious access to perceptual information, even when the P3b neural signal is absent.
1316h agoHD-tDCS stimulation of the anterior supramarginal gyrus improves motor learning with chopsticks by increasing the number of successful picks and altering movement patterns.
1316h agoGreater neighborhood enrichment is directly associated with better episodic memory in youth, and this relationship is partially explained by increased functional activity in the prefrontal cortex.
1316h agoThe Grid-based 3D Convolution-Transformer (G3DCT) framework accurately identifies EEG artifacts by leveraging electrode spatial topology and complex artifact patterns.
1316h agoInfants as young as 2 months old can recognize objects and their categories, with their visual system representing both how things look and what group they belong to.
1320h agoInfant brains organize visual information into categories similar to those used by artificial intelligence by 2 months old, with some areas of the brain developing later.
1320h agoUK researchers can now use a free program called WillCO2st to quickly and accurately report their sustainability and estimate their carbon footprint.
1320h agoAperiodic EEG activity parameters are substantially biased by physiological artifacts and poor data quality, and these biases can be effectively mitigated with regression-based statistical correction.
1320h agoExposure to high-fat diets during adolescence leads to long-lasting changes in decision-making processes, promoting habitual responses to food and affecting males and females differently.
1320h agoChronic restriction in anorexia nervosa leads to gut inflammation, changes in gut bacteria, and brain inflammation in the hippocampus, which is linked to changes in glial cells and microbiota composition.
1320h agoEarly adverse experiences affect how females interact with others under stress, while later adverse experiences affect how both males and females respond to others under stress.
1320h agoAstrocytes with oxytocin receptors in a specific brain region play a crucial role in regulating social fear, with their function differing between males and females.
1320h agoThe human brain constructs complex social knowledge by factorizing and integrating dynamic social interactions into structured cognitive maps, which can predict personality traits.
1320h agoDopamine in the striatum plays a critical role in controlling the outflow of working memory by regulating the transformation of current working memory representations into a prioritized state to guide behavior.
1320h agoThe preBotzinger Complex, a critical network for breathing, integrates multimodal signals from diverse brain regions through excitatory and inhibitory inputs to regulate rhythm generation and patterning.
1320h agoThe Thr136Ile variant of the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) gene interacts with cortical network capacity and traumatic experiences to shape emotional vulnerability and depressive symptoms.
1320h agoMotor representations from past events are reinstated in the brain when people recall autobiographical memories, showing cortical and peripheral motor activity.
1320h agoFine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure causes cellular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation in human brain cells, and disrupts the blood-brain barrier at concentrations commonly found in urban environments.
1324h agoThe aggregation of alpha-synuclein in cells can be inhibited by certain compounds, which also reverse changes in cellular pathways caused by the aggregation.
1324h agoBlueNuclei software accurately identifies live and dead transfected neurons from images, providing a fast, simple, and automated solution for assessing neuronal viability.
1324h agoCryptic Last Exons are used in normal cellular events and play an essential role in regulating gene expression, with their usage conserved across species and associated with ribosomes during development.
1324h agoGABAergic signaling excites neurons and initiates seizures through a pH-regulating mechanism where GABA causes intracellular acidification and charge accumulation, which can be counteracted by active pH-regulating transporters.
1324h agoThe ability to localize touch depends on the experimental method used, with different methods yielding different results and conclusions about how people tell where a touch has occurred.
1332h agoSLIM-Brain, a new foundation model, improves data and training efficiency for fMRI analysis by preserving fine-grained spatial details while requiring less data and computing power.
1332h agoChua's circuit exhibits multiple stable attractors when driven by a chaotic signal with a lower frequency and a driving strength above a threshold.
1332h agoDiscrete-state oscillators in two dimensions synchronize under thermal fluctuations when they have at least 5 states, undergoing two-step transitions to a synchronized phase and then to a spatiotemporal pattern phase.
1332h agoShort-range attractive interactions between thermally driven Brownian quasiparticles enable energy-efficient optimization through emergent cooperative behavior.
1332h agoPlastic deformation in amorphous solids is carried by localized shear transformations that organize into avalanches, which have a latent structure of well-separated local minima prior to onset.
1332h agoA thermodynamically consistent model shows that chemically driven running drops on a solid substrate can be sustained by chemical reactions that maintain a wettability contrast.
1332h agoA thin fluid filament flowing in a Hele-Shaw cell responds nonlinearly to external acoustic forcing by adopting a peculiar pattern when the forcing amplitude exceeds a threshold.
1332h agoA simplified single reed instrument model shows stochastic slow dynamics when its blowing pressure increases linearly and crosses a critical point, resulting in the appearance of sound.
1332h agoRecurrent neural networks estimate the optimal kernel vector from sparse observational time series, leading to nearly optimal state estimations in dynamical systems.
1332h agoBasins of attraction in multiscale systems can have special geometric properties called singular funnels that impact the system's resilience to perturbations.
1332h agoThe two-dimensional model of random networks of metallic nanowires or carbon nanotubes overestimates the number of contacts between elements, leading to overestimated electrical conductivity.
1332h agoThe connected ensemble framework reveals that low-loss paths in neural networks exist only above a critical threshold, allowing for easy training within a specific parameter range.
1332h agoFirms' holding of precautionary inventories at a critical level can protect the economy from system-wide crises triggered by adverse productivity shocks, but competitive pressures often drive firms to economize on these buffers, making the system prone to large output losses.
1332h agoA new model algorithm unifies low-temperature and high-temperature models to assemble amorphous structures, allowing for the simulation of multiphase amorphous systems without melting base crystals.
1332h agoPhotonic neuromorphic networks with a purely photonic deep architecture can enable online, unsupervised learning and achieve high efficiency in processing optical information.
1332h agoThe spin quantum Hall transition on random networks is solved by mapping it to classical percolation, confirming that geometric randomness affects the transition and relating its critical exponents to those of regular networks.
1332h agoShort-range attractive interactions between thermally driven Brownian quasiparticles enable energy-efficient optimization through emergent cooperative behavior.
1332h agoTemporally correlated noise drives self-organization in interacting particle systems, leading to a state with suppressed long-range density fluctuations.
1332h agoThe dynamics of glass-formers can be explained by two views that are not mutually exclusive, as local constraints and global landscape complexity both influence the flow of time.
1332h agoThe choice of unit priors in Restricted Boltzmann Machines affects learning efficiency, with a critical dataset size necessary for generalization that depends on the teacher's properties but not the student's, and a prudent student prior choice can facilitate training.
1332h agoMachine learning models can regress scale-free processes, like earthquakes or avalanches, by leveraging their scale invariance, but require careful architecture design to handle non-trivial coarse-graining operations and anomalous scaling.
1332h agoDiffusion models generalize well with finite data because their sample complexity follows a linear relationship with the data dimension, due to the hierarchical structure of the data.
1332h agoThe accumulation of abnormal tau protein in the locus coeruleus brain region triggers anxiety and sleep disruptions, and alters brain activity, in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
1332h agoStroke triggers a hierarchical rewiring of genome architecture, which regulates the brain's response to injury by changing the organization of chromosomes and controlling gene expression.
1332h agoHumans accurately monitor internal noise in peripheral vision and use this information to make optimal confidence judgments.
1332h agoThe serotonergic system in the dorsal raphe nucleus regulates quiescence and motor control by selectively modulating the neural activity related to movement.
1332h agoElevated homocysteine levels do not increase the incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage in hypertensive mice.
1332h agoPatients with epilepsy have a threefold increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, and research suggests that shared neurobiological mechanisms, particularly dysregulation of GABAergic signaling, may contribute to this link.
1332h agoWhole brain ultrastructure can be preserved by vitrification without prior aldehyde fixation, allowing for the cryopreservation of animal and human brains with retention of ultrastructural integrity.
1332h agoGABA presynaptically regulates neurotransmitter release at top-down synapses in the primary somatosensory cortex, suppressing inputs from motor and secondary somatosensory cortices more than those from the thalamus.
1332h agoLRRC55, a protein found mainly in cerebellar Purkinje cells, is essential for BK channels to regulate cell firing and plasticity, and its loss causes ataxia-like impairments in gait, balance, and coordination.
1344h agoThe Jansen-Rit neural mass model provides a framework for linking synaptic parameters, network structure, and ensemble-level stability in brain activity.
1352h agoTraumatic brain injury causes memory problems in males and females without ovaries, but not in females with ovaries, and astrocyte-mediated myelin clearance plays a key role in memory preservation after injury.
1352h agoPrion exposure activates a signaling pathway that leads to synaptic loss through three protein kinases: CaMKII, PKC, and GSK3β.
1352h agoCycling ovarian hormones regulate threat memory in females by controlling the activity of a specific neuron population in the lateral septum.
1352h agoThe Standard Model's estimates of brain microstructure parameters change with realistic variations in white matter tissue features, such as axonal beading, undulations, packing density, and membrane permeability.
1352h agoAction-based prediction, when aligned with task goals, optimizes perceptual processing by reducing the amount of evidence needed and increasing its accumulation speed.
1352h agoThe dorsal root ganglia's protein expression and spatial organization can now be understood in detail thanks to a comprehensive resource of human tissue analysis.
1352h agoMale and female mice process memories differently, with females showing increased brain activity in certain areas during memory formation and males showing increased activity in other areas during memory consolidation.
1356h agoAlzheimer's disease progression is driven by the interdependence between microglial senescence and amyloidosis, with amyloid-b plaque accumulation triggering a shift in microglia from a homeostatic to a senescent-like state.
1360h agoThe locus coeruleus activity reconfigures large-scale brain networks and leaves a detectable imprint on brain activity across different states and species.
1360h agoPiano training improves executive functions and changes brain microstructure in healthy adults over 50.
1360h agoPeople with more ADHD traits have a sharper sense of time but less stable perception, and this is linked to specific changes in brain activity, namely faster alpha frequency and flatter aperiodic brain wave patterns.
1368h agoDopamine alters the balance between brain networks, increasing time spent in internally oriented cognitive states and decreasing time spent in sensorimotor-perceptual states.
1368h agoPreschoolers' brief speech samples can be used to distinguish between children with and without language delay with high accuracy.
1368h agoSpeech production relies on precise coordination of articulatory movements and phonation, which are represented in specific brain regions: ventral primary sensorimotor cortex handles articulation, dorsal sensorimotor cortex handles voice onset timing, and the cerebellum and operculum integrate these features to refine speech motor plans.
1368h agoAutistic and dyslexic children use different brain pathways than typically developing children to process motion, with distinct patterns of brain activity in each condition.
1368h agoSex differences in brain connectivity change across the human lifespan, with minimal differences in childhood, pronounced differences in young adulthood, and diverging differences in later life.
1368h agoPrefrontal regions are involved in early numerical knowledge acquisition in children mainly through general mechanisms, not specific to numbers.
1368h agoDopamine affects exploration and exploitation behaviour differently in males and females, and its effects are influenced by cognitive capacity.
1368h agoAlpha bursts in Fragile X syndrome show reduced count and prolonged periods, with elevated amplitudes, particularly in males, and these changes correlate with symptoms and cognitive function.
1368h agoImpulsivity is linked to a greater influence of reward-driven urgency on decision making, whereas less impulsive individuals are guided more by control-driven urgency regulation.
1368h agoThe brain establishes flexible communication during tasks by reconfiguring a small subset of connections within a largely stable network architecture.
1380h agoA new loss function that incorporates ontology structure into training improves the performance of large-scale single-cell annotation models.
1384h agoDeepmriprep uses neural networks to speed up voxel-based morphometry preprocessing of MRI data by 37 times while keeping accuracy comparable to existing methods.
1384h agoFoveal cones in primate vision can effectively send signals backwards along their length, but this backpropagation is unlikely to influence how they convert light into electrical signals.
1384h agoThe DISC1 protein forms a homotetrameric structure that allows it to bind multiple partner molecules, including client protein NDE1, through its conserved UVR domains and coiled coil domains.
1384h agoAvatars with facial expressions, especially amplified ones, enhance body ownership, social presence, and interpersonal attraction, and promote neural synchrony and collaborative creativity in virtual reality interactions.
1384h agoA new virtual reality system allows for whole-brain magnetoencephalography recordings during immersive movements, enabling insights into neural circuits that support complex behaviors.
1384h agoThe brain uses two distinct coding schemes to prioritize and manage multiple task rules, allowing for flexible switching between tasks.
1384h agoCompression algorithms detect changes in neural data complexity caused by brain lesions with higher accuracy than single-neuron metrics.
1384h agoAir pollution activates inflammatory pathways in microglia, astrocytes, and neural stem cells in the hippocampus, and suppresses neurogenesis.
1384h agoCarotid intraplaque hemorrhage independently predicts asymmetric white matter lesions in the brain and identifies older males as a high-risk group for TIA and stroke.
1384h agoSuccessful episodic memory depends on the reinstatement of encoding content and processes during retrieval, with perceptual and linguistic reinstatement playing complementary roles in providing fine-grained sensory details and refining representations.
1384h agoPeople with chronic tinnitus, whether mild or bothersome, have similar abilities to suppress external auditory distractions, suggesting that the difference in tinnitus salience is not linked to general deficits in suppressing distractors.
1388h agoOral D-methionine improves spatial memory and modestly reduces amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease mouse models, with benefits varying by sex and model.
1388h agoFragile X Syndrome alters the balance of essential elements in brain and body tissues, with differences found in the levels and variability of elements such as sodium, potassium, iron, and copper between affected and normal tissues.
1388h agoThe brain stores multiple objects in working memory as weighted combinations of individual object responses.
1388h agoThe spinal peripheral sensory axis has robust, autonomous circadian clocks that regulate daily fluctuations in physiology and behavior, controlling a coordinated temporal deployment of distinct molecular programs in primary sensory neurons.
1392h agoInescapable stress causes changes in the proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex, affecting energy metabolism, neurotransmitter signaling, and synaptic function.
1392h agoDendrites in the medial superior olive neurons serve as a source of internal delay that helps tune the neurons to sounds from different locations.
1392h agoRett syndrome mice have unstable neural representations in their hippocampus, marked by excessive and unstable activity of place cells, leading to poor retention of learned task information.
1392h agoCD33 governs microglial functions associated with Alzheimer's disease by controlling the uptake of amyloid beta and affecting TREM2 activation.
1392h agoThe computational workflow generates flat maps of the hippocampus, revealing hidden topographic variations in its organization and allowing for new insights into its development and relation to diseases.
1392h agoThe laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) contains distinct groups of neurons that are activated by rewarding and aversive stimuli, and these groups play different roles in shaping behavior.
1392h agoThe adult dorsal root ganglia contain two distinct populations of progenitor cells that can develop into different cell types, and their numbers increase after injury.
1392h agoHippocampal inputs route through different polysynaptic circuits to the striatum depending on whether they target the matrix or striosome compartments.
1392h agoBipolar disorder is characterized by dysconnectivity in brain networks, particularly in theta and alpha1 frequency bands, with linear networks showing reduced stability and complexity, and nonlinear networks showing altered regional connectivity.
1392h agoOligodendrocytes change their function in response to brain diseases and injuries, becoming a new type of cell called SerpinOLs that can worsen inflammation and promote harmful changes in the brain.
1392h agoEmotional memory is enhanced when a neutral image is paired with an emotional one, and this is linked to increased connectivity between the hippocampus and amygdala.
1392h agoThe Different Hearing program training modifies brain responses to sound and changes engagement of networks related to creative thinking.
1400h agoSchizophrenia involves microstructural abnormalities in the forceps minor, a key white-matter tract connecting the frontal lobes, which plays a role in regulating social behavior and is closely linked to brain networks that are dysfunctional in the disorder.
1400h agoThe striosome and matrix parts of the striatum have different functions in cognition and action, with the striosome involved in evaluation and preparation and the matrix involved in execution, and their activity changes with task demands, memory category, and performance accuracy.
1400h agoSchizophrenia-linked gene mutations in SETD1A disrupt normal brain connections and impair working memory by reducing synchrony between brain regions.
1400h agoA novel approach constructs differential causal networks from EEG data to model brain systems, revealing functional disruptions and changes in brain connectivity in epileptic brains.
1404h agoFoundation models have different processing stages with distinct representational structures, and analyzing these stages reveals insights into their biological relevance and potential design changes to better align with biological systems.
1404h agoBrainFuse, a unified infrastructure, bridges the gap between neuroscience and artificial intelligence by supporting biophysical neural simulation and gradient-based learning.
1404h agoAttractor dynamics in neural circuits support cognitive functions through stable patterns of neural activity, and attractor network models reveal common computational principles underlying various cognitive processes.
1404h agoA thermoinformational formulation derives entropy, internal energy, temperature, and Helmholtz free energy from empirical microstate distributions, providing a data-driven description of system reorganization and information exchange.
1404h agoA numerical-twin framework represents transient narrowband activity, such as physiological signals, as a two-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with interpretable parameters.
1404h agoCollective behavior among interacting agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing the group to respond to environmental changes more quickly and accurately than individual agents.
1404h agoThe experiment directly measures two-time ballistic correlations in a photonic platform and finds that they agree with predictions from Generalized Hydrodynamics.
1404h agoA new machine learning system combines short- and long-term memory units to process, store, and recall multiple pieces of information, achieving accurate reconstruction of chaotic attractors and stable long-term memory recall.
1404h agoMachine learning approaches can accelerate tasks such as estimating basin characterization metrics and controlling transient chaos, and enable new possibilities for interventions in chaotic systems.
1404h agoThe characteristic curves-based framework helps discover governing equations from data by incorporating domain expertise and inductive biases, leading to more reliable and interpretable system identification.
1404h agoIsing machines achieve optimal solutions when their spin distribution becomes binary and the binary phase and gapless phase coexist.
1404h agoThe $\lambda\ph^4+g\ph^6$ model reveals tricritical behavior when the $\ph^4$ term acts as a composite operator and its coefficient $\lambda$ decreases rapidly to zero.
1404h agoCoupled Chialvo maps in two dimensions generate ringlike or spiral patterns depending on the type of nearest-neighbor coupling, with rings expanding and spirals evolving into turbulence as coupling increases.
1404h agoNew simple invariant solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations can be constructed by combining small-scale solutions using spatial tiling, allowing for the study of turbulent flows with multiple interacting substructures.
1404h agoThe recurrence-based divergence quantifier is an effective tool for detecting chaos in conservative systems, and its performance agrees with the fast Lyapunov indicator.
1404h agoCollective behavior among interacting agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing the group to respond to environmental changes more quickly and accurately than individual agents.
1404h agoA pencil of compatible Poisson structures on a multiplicative quiver variety is defined through reduction from a pencil of Hamiltonian quasi-Poisson structures.
1404h agoA deterministic denoising algorithm improves efficiency and sample quality in text and image generation tasks by derandomizing the generative reverse Markov chain in discrete-state diffusion models.
1404h agoExcluded-volume interactions between bubbles have a strong influence on bubble dynamics, and four-way coupling effects become important at a volume fraction of around one percent.
1404h agoThe double flip bifurcation occurs in Hamiltonian systems with two parameters, resulting in two simultaneous Hamiltonian flip bifurcations connected by a curve-segment of singular points.
1404h agoA new computational model called GateMod links task structure to neural circuit architecture, explaining how acquired skills are composed to plan and execute behaviors.
1404h agoA hidden localization transition occurs in a family of Hamiltonians, where wavefunctions change from being delocalized to localized with respect to one of two canonically conjugate operators.
1404h agoIsing machines achieve optimal solutions when their spin distribution becomes binary and the binary phase and gapless phase coexist.
1404h agoThe phase transitions in PMN-PT compositions near the Morphotropic Phase Boundary behave differently than in compositions far below it, and their electrical-field history impacts the transition temperature, delay time, and induced polarization.
1404h agoInformation scrambling in a chain of randomly interacting Majorana fermions can be described by an effective continuum model that produces exact results for entanglement and operator spreading in the limit of weak interactions.
1404h agoIntroducing short-range attractive couplings between neural network weights during training allows for model quantization through rapid discretization of weight distribution.
1404h agoA query method called Reset-and-Discard increases the number of unique questions answered by large language models at a given cost by changing how the models try to answer questions.
1404h agoSparse networks with local connections can achieve performance comparable to dense networks when using equilibrium propagation for physics-based training.
1404h agoGenerative diffusion models can store high-level information in temporal correlations when driven by active, correlated noise, allowing for more robust symmetry breaking and recovery of multi-scale structures.
1404h agoDisorder can increase the localization length of low-energy Andreev bound states in a sign-changing superconductor at π-junctions, making their properties resemble those of a dirty nodal superconductor.
1404h agoCollapsed trades in international trade are clustered and spread in an epidemic-like way, and their occurrence decreases as trade volume increases.
1404h agoComplex-valued neural networks with tensor-valued hidden-to-output weights exhibit a fermion-like sign structure in their large-width correlation functions, and their correlators follow fermionic Wick rules.
1404h agoAmorphous selenium photoconductors show temperature-dependent transport and avalanche response in lateral geometries, with photocurrent measurements revealing field-assisted detrapping and avalanche multiplication mechanisms at low temperatures.
1404h agoThe strength of a neuron's synapses adapts based on initial synaptic sizes, their fluctuations, and spatial competition for proteins, and a new model predicts collective plasticity outcomes based on these factors.
1404h agoThe human cortex has a less dense cell body structure, more complex branching, and lower bouton densities compared to the rodent cortex, but has a similar number of connections between cell types.
1404h agoCortical function likely involves a combination of predictive processing and joint embedding predictive architecture, with layer 2/3 and layer 5 cell types interacting in a way that constrains possible algorithms for brain function.
1404h agoThe brain's motor areas learn to respond to auditory patterns when they are associated with rewards, and this response can persist even after the reward is no longer directly linked to the pattern.
1404h agoA neural model shows that NMDA receptor hypofunction and dopaminergic hyperfunction interact to create a spectrum of schizophrenia symptoms, with NMDA hypofunction causing rigid beliefs and dopaminergic hyperfunction causing volatile states.
1404h agoAffective touch from a romantic partner reduces acute pain during nociceptive stimulation, but neither robotic nor interpersonal affective touch changes the development of secondary hyperalgesia.
1404h agoPrior scene context rapidly facilitates face perception by modulating neural face representations, with early evoked activity and sustained oscillatory activity playing distinct roles in this process.
1404h agoA new flexible MR-receive setup called "Sushi" allows TMS coil positioning while maintaining full-brain coverage and maps brain networks similarly to a standard 64-channel head coil.
1404h agoSocial dominance increases the number of dopaminergic neurons in the posterior tubercular nucleus (PTN) of adult zebrafish, while subordinate and isolated conditions lead to suppressed neurogenesis and changes in neurotransmitter expression.
1404h agoEpileptogenesis in this rodent model starts with a focal hippocampal insult and progresses to a bilateral cortico-hippocampal network, and disrupting a single node in the network does not halt this progression.
1404h agoParkinson's disease patients with progressive micrographia have impaired motor awareness, suggesting altered sensorimotor integration.
1408h agoThe human amygdala supports both invariant and associative forms of categorical representations, allowing it to link stable identity representations across contextually related categories.
1408h agoNeddylation inhibition promotes the clearance of tau protein in human neurons through activation of both the proteasome-dependent pathway and the autophagy-lysosome pathway.
1408h agoThe brain's metabolic organisation follows a gradient hierarchy that supports cognitive function, with more metabolically active areas being more interconnected and related to energy production, and this hierarchy changes with ageing.
1408h agoNeural oscillations during visual stimulation differ between typical and autistic adults, with typical adults showing more backward waves and autistic adults showing more forward waves, indicating a bias toward sensory signaling over predictive feedback in autism.
1408h agoSynaptic RNA composition is dynamic, sexually dimorphic, and shaped by experience, with distinct differences in pseudogene and protein coding RNA expression, and isoform usage between males and females following fear conditioning.
1412h agoEnvironmental cues drive visual and motor prioritization in working memory differently, with motor prioritization scaling with cue reliability while visual prioritization remains largely unchanged.
1412h agoMitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction distinguish Parkinson's disease neurons from healthy controls, with different genetic forms of the disease showing distinct organelle abnormalities.
1412h agoIndividual differences in pain-related distress, such as fear of pain and pain catastrophizing, influence how stress affects pain sensitivity and stress responses.
1412h agoLSD alters brain activity by increasing alpha and beta peak frequencies, reducing oscillatory power, and changing the brain's signal complexity and fractality, mainly in sensory, language, emotion, and imagery-related networks.
1412h agoHuman memory depends on the coordination of low and high frequency brain activity across different areas of the hippocampus.
1412h agoThe SCN clock works differently in nocturnal and diurnal mammals, with differences in molecular clock rhythms, phase response curves, and network timing organization.
1412h agoReducing C4S through Chst11 deletion increases excitatory synaptic input onto PV interneurons, preserves cognitive function, and mitigates age-related decline.
1412h agoSerum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels strongly correlate with functional outcomes in ischemic stroke, and neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC EVs) therapy reduces stroke damage in a rat model.
1412h agoNature Computational Science marks its fifth anniversary, reflecting on its engagement with the research community.
1416h agoDigital twins are evolving into self-learning, autonomous systems that combine models, data, and human interaction to reach their full potential through interoperability, standardization, and integration of artificial intelligence and advanced computational reasoning.
1416h agoOlder adults use more distributed neural resources than young adults to complete tasks that require cognitive flexibility, with changes in brain activity patterns associated with successful task completion.
1416h agoThe dynamical ATN model simulates the progression of Alzheimer's disease by integrating mechanisms of protein aggregation, propagation, and neurodegeneration, and accurately predicts disease progression and treatment effects.
1416h agoA neurocomputational framework identifies two subtypes of first-episode depression with different risks of recurrence and predicts individual-level recurrence risk with 82.61% accuracy.
1416h agoThe MNI152 brain template, widely used in neuroimaging research, is larger and differently shaped than the average brain, with linear registration alone unable to correct for these differences.
1420h agoKCC2a regulates KCC2b membrane stability and function in cortical neurons by promoting its inhibition in immature neurons and its expression and function in mature neurons.
1420h agoE93 transcription factor maintains neuronal survival, layer-specific connectivity, and neurotransmitter identity in a specific dFB population, preserving the long-term function of adult behavioral circuits.
1420h agoProjection neuron-type-specific dynamics coordinate corticothalamic communication during reach-to-consume behavior in mice.
1424h agoSemantic Intent Decoding (SID) framework translates neural activity into natural language by modeling meaning as compositional semantic units, enabling more interpretable and expressive communication through brain-computer interfaces.
1428h agoScanning microscopes work better than wide-field microscopes in low signal-to-noise conditions and when detecting a small subset of spikes, but wide-field microscopes perform better when measurements are temporally undersampled and a large fraction of spikes needs to be detected.
1428h agoA semi-supervised VAE framework extracts disease-related patterns from high-dimensional neuroimaging data that align with established Alzheimer's biomarkers.
1428h agoThe Navier-Stokes equations for two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection produce two different flow types, vortical flow or zonal flow, with distinct statistics, due to the influence of stochastic numerical noise.
1428h agoPopulation growth can lead to environmental changes that cause the population to collapse or become extinct if the environment changes more slowly than the population grows.
1428h agoThe study of two geometrically distinct billiards, a bean- and a peanut-shaped billiard, reveals a strong correlation between classical and quantum dynamics, with classical chaos linked to quantum chaos characteristics.
1428h agoCareful selection of design parameters is crucial to enhance mixing between two species in engineered injection and extraction systems that create chaotic advection.
1428h agoNonlinear skin breathing modes emerge in a one-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon chain of classical oscillators with nonreciprocal couplings, and their frequency shifts depend on amplitude, nonlinearity type, lattice size, and nonreciprocity.
1428h agoDisorder-induced dimension reduction occurs in Langevin dynamics of frustrated Brownian particles on two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds, leading to spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking and the emergence of quasi-1D structures.
1428h agoConfigurations of N-soliton solutions form a soliton gas condensate as the number of solitons grows to infinity, with the solution asymptotically described by a rapidly oscillatory elliptic-wave with constant velocity.
1428h agoA physics-informed machine learning framework accurately predicts the emergence of coherent oscillations in stochastic systems, such as the stochastic FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron, driven solely by noise.
1428h agoA symmetry-based classification of many-body localization phases reveals that onsite Abelian symmetries are compatible with stable localization, while continuous non-Abelian symmetries generally prevent it.
1428h agoA new algorithm enables faster and more stable simulation of complex quantum systems by updating rows of data at once, reducing slow convergence and errors near phase transitions.
1428h agoThe directionality and node heterogeneity of hypergraphs fundamentally affect their critical properties during percolation, reshaping how networks respond to node failures.
1428h agoA family of models describes the propagation of a single particle in a multicomponent non-Markovian Gaussian random field, yielding exact results for single-particle Green's functions, self-energy, and vertex part.
1428h agoSparse neural networks can match the performance of dense models in approximating the ground state of quantum many-body Hamiltonians, even when pruned by more than an order of magnitude in parameter count.
1428h agoThe electrical conductivity of V$_{1-x}$Al$_x$ alloys shows a crossover to a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity, matching experimental observations, due to a non-Boltzmann contribution.
1428h agoAiiDA-TrainsPot, an automated workflow, streamlines the creation of accurate neural-network interatomic potentials by combining density-functional-theory calculations, data augmentation, and classical molecular dynamics.
1428h agoNonlinear skin breathing modes emerge in a one-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon chain of classical oscillators with nonreciprocal couplings, and their frequency shifts depend on amplitude, nonlinearity type, lattice size, and nonreciprocity.
1428h agoDisorder-induced dimension reduction occurs in Langevin dynamics of frustrated Brownian particles on two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds, leading to spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking and the emergence of quasi-1D structures.
1428h agoZika virus infection in early life disrupts brain development, causing cell death, abnormal brain organization, and changes in behavior, and affects genes linked to autism spectrum disorder.
1428h agoSemantic features in the human brain are organized along consistent directions, or axes, similar to those in word embeddings, allowing for predictable neural responses to related concepts.
1428h agoCortical layer 1 inhibitory interneurons, specifically VIP-expressing cells, have constitutively active hyperpolarization-activated cation and inward-rectifying potassium currents that regulate their excitability and EPSP-spike coupling, shaping how they filter incoming signals and influence information flow.
1428h agoMice with a Kalrn gene mutation have reduced dendritic length and impaired deviance detection in certain brain layers, and also show reduced functional connectivity between visual and frontal areas.
1428h agoHumans use internal physical models to infer object properties from collision sounds by separating the acoustic contributions of objects.
1428h agoThe human brain adapts face perception to naturalistic visual constraints by processing different face attributes in a flexible temporal order, with emotion and race emerging early under blurry or brief conditions, and gender requiring clearer and longer exposure.
1428h agoTDP-43 loss causes widespread changes in gene expression and alternative splicing in glutamatergic and cholinergic motor neurons, leading to a hyperexcitable phenotype.
1428h agoMicroglia in brains with a tau-related disorder called progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) exhibit a distinct response characterized by increased stress and altered gene expression.
1428h agoElectrode density affects EEG decoding performance differently across tasks, with low-density setups sufficient for some tasks and higher densities needed for others, while representational similarity analysis results remain robust even with low-density setups.
1428h agoA microtunnel device guides large-scale neuronal network formation in human neural stem cell cultures, producing structured and directional growth that improves the quality of electrophysiological recordings.
1428h agoMice can identify target odors in complex mixtures, but accuracy declines with decreasing target concentration, and neural sensitivity, not background complexity, primarily limits detection.
1428h agoHierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT) creates a 7.72 microns/voxel post-mortem human brain dataset that enables rich 3D visualisation of complex neuroanatomy.
1428h agoSpatial memory performance is linked to specific coordination of sleep oscillations across hippocampo-cortical networks during non-rapid eye movement sleep.
1428h agoTau protein modification at threonine 231 drives selective deficits in Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms in worms, and enhancing mitophagy or suppressing mitochondrial stress response can alleviate these symptoms.
1436h agoDiurnal rhythms in brain transcription are organized by region and disrupted early in Alzheimer's disease, with vulnerable brain regions showing region-specific changes before amyloid plaque buildup.
1436h agoOlder adults and hearing-impaired individuals have speech perception difficulties in noise due to age-related cochlear synaptopathy and outer hair cell damage that affects temporal envelope and fine structure encoding.
1436h agoPersonalized smartphone notifications engage rapid and robust brain responses that are not necessarily distracting, and habitual smartphone use affects later stages of attention and evaluation.
1436h agoHypertension causes retinal degeneration through a mechanism that does not involve increased eye pressure, and is driven by the activation of the protein endothelin-2.
1436h agoIn seeing animals, LC10d visual projection neurons help avoid visual objects without a chemosensory profile, and work with another neuron type to separate visual cues and guide decision making.
1436h agoUp to half of neurons expressing calcium-binding proteins are not GABAergic, making this classification scheme invalid for GABAergic neurons in macaque cortex.
1436h agoNosaPlugs nasal inserts provide a prolonged release and delivery of memantine to the brain, with a cumulative release of up to eight hours and distribution to all parts of the nasal cavity.
1436h agoThe brain region NCM responds more strongly to begging calls of offspring in parenting zebra finches than in non-parenting ones, and parenting females show more selective responses to their own chick's calls.
1448h agoImplicit memories of recurring sensory patterns decrease arousal, as shown by smaller pupil dilations in response to familiar patterns compared to new ones.
1448h agoTop-down attention arises from different network configurations in the brain that are shaped by sensory processing and strategic resource allocation.
1448h agoTheta-paced sweeps in brain activity help prioritize information from specific locations during navigation by flexibly sampling nearby space based on interest.
1448h agoNeurogranin promotes coordinated network activity, adaptive synaptic remodeling, and neuronal survival by enhancing dendritic growth, increasing synaptic number, and regulating calcium-dependent signaling.
1448h agoPain decreases can be detected objectively using physiological signals such as electrodermal activity, heart rate, and pupil diameter during fluctuating pain.
1448h agoThe brain of microminipigs shows left-right asymmetry in the anterior cingulate cortex, perirhinal cortex, and cerebellum.
1448h agoSchemas, abstract relational structures that capture commonalities across experiences, underlie humans' and animals' ability to rapidly generalize knowledge and adapt behavior across contexts.
1452h agoRecurrent neural networks develop internal representations that preserve the structure of the systems generating their inputs when trained for time-series prediction.
1452h agoDelays in neural interactions cause visual illusions, such as the wagon-wheel illusion, by generating multiple coexisting states of motion perception with distinct speeds.
1452h agoAssuming aliens are conscious is reasonable based on Copernican grounds, but this assumption does not apply to robots designed to mimic conscious behavior.
1452h agoThe brain's complex structure is guided by a compact, low-dimensional blueprint that determines its function, and a new generative model can learn this underlying representation from detailed connectivity maps.
1452h agoExposure to psychoactive substances during pregnancy disrupts brain network coordination, and a new brain graph network called KOCOBrain identifies related changes in brain structure and function.
1452h agoDynamic gain scaling balances adaptation and retention in continual learning, effectively reducing temporary performance drops on previously learned tasks when new ones are introduced.
1452h agoA proposed effective description of $\phi^4$ kinks based on kink position and width accurately captures the dynamics of the system under moderate external driving frequencies.
1452h agoThe tau-function of any solution to the AKNS hierarchy can be expressed as a KP tau-function, and its logarithmic derivatives can be calculated using wave functions and a matrix-resolvent method.
1452h agoGelation in the Smoluchowski coagulation equation is a loss of dynamical stability, marked by the appearance of positive real eigenvalues, indicating a change in the aggregation dynamics.
1452h agoThe P vs NP problem may have a finer structure with two or three regions, where polynomial algorithms can solve NP-complete problems in one region, but not in another, and a third region possibly exists with characteristics of the edge of chaos.
1452h agoDelays in neural interactions cause visual illusions, such as the wagon-wheel illusion, by generating multiple coexisting states of motion perception with distinct speeds.
1452h agoSTEPS and LDCast models provide an estimation of error at almost all scales, but have little ability to spatially localize ensemble mean error through their members.
1452h agoA novel two-step process generates data that follows the Beta Rank Function distribution, which models empirical data that deviates from pure power laws, by combining a power-law distribution with a regressive redistribution of resources.
1452h agoThree novel classes of pulse-train waveforms with equal velocity are formed in an optical Kerr nonlinear medium, having different amplitudes, widths, and wavenumbers.
1452h agoNon-integrable quantum field theories exhibit chaotic behavior with energy eigenvalue patterns matching random matrix theory, whereas integrable theories show Poisson behavior.
1452h agoA mixture of simple chemicals spontaneously organizes into compartments that can metabolize, grow, and produce diverse molecular species, establishing a possible route to the formation of a functional protocell.
1452h agoDisorder in non-Hermitian lattices leads to erratic non-Hermitian skin localization, characterized by macroscopic localization at irregular positions with subexponential decay, and surprisingly allows for ballistic transport despite strong spectral localization.
1452h agoRandom quantum states with a constrained energy expectation value display eigenstate condensation, developing macroscopic overlap with either the ground state or the most highly excited state.
1452h agoProbabilistic bits can be re-engineered to enable a range of configurable probabilistic activation functions in neural networks, allowing for more flexible and efficient neuron designs.
1452h agoGlasses have a type of vibrational excitation that contributes to an excess vibrational density of states, known as the boson peak, which arises from a dispersionless excitation band.
1452h agoA hybrid quantum-classical detection protocol substantially enhances the accuracy and robustness of photonic quantum reservoirs, enabling improved performance in quantum state classification, tomography, and feature regression.
1452h agoRandom disorder can generate exceptional points and topological phase transitions in a non-Hermitian lattice with nonreciprocal hopping.
1452h agoLight irradiation improves the spin thermoelectric performance of a ferromagnetic helical system by inducing spin-split transmission features and suppressing thermal conductance.
1452h agoVisual input does not measurably change the early neural response in the auditory cortex that helps people understand speech in noisy environments.
1452h agoThe brain's complex activity can be predicted by a graph neural network model that quantifies information exchange among brain areas, and this model can also help characterize diseases like Alzheimer's.
1456h agoA data-driven method called DEPR retrieves the effective point spread function and improves localization-based super-resolution imaging by accurately capturing spatially variant imaging characteristics, allowing for enhanced resolution and reduced computational burden.
1456h agoMice adjust their tongue movements to intercept a moving food pellet by using a mix of reactive and anticipatory strategies that depend on vision and intact brain circuits.
1456h agoHydrodynamically-activated Ca2+ signalling drives neural stem cell activation after injury, and this process can be targeted to limit aberrant cell growth in CNS cancers.
1456h agoThe suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates daily rhythms through gene expression controlled at the level of mRNA translation, with light stimulation inducing changes in protein levels through translational regulation.
1460h agoEarly uncoupling of electrical and calcium signals in capillary endothelial cells impairs functional hyperemia, reducing cerebral blood flow in response to neuronal activity, in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease before neurodegeneration and cognitive decline occur.
1460h agoThe cerebellum grows the most in adolescence, with different regions maturing at different rates, and growth stabilizes after adolescence.
1460h agoTDP-43 filaments accumulate at synapses, particularly in the presynaptic active zone, and this accumulation leads to presynaptic dysfunction and neuronal hyperexcitability.
1460h agoData leakage can occur in neural decoding studies through data preprocessing, leading to biased estimates of decoding performance and potentially invalid biological conclusions.
1460h agoCombining wide-field optical imaging with functional MRI reveals that neuronal infraslow dynamics underlie most of fMRI connectivity, and provides a tool for investigating neural activity from the cellular to whole-brain level.
1460h agoThe superior colliculus uses a population of neurons with spatially restricted receptive fields to accurately determine the location of a sound source.
1460h agoTemporal-lobe symmetry change scores in EEG recordings distinguish responders from non-responders to antidepressant treatment in patients with Major Depressive Disorder.
1460h agoHuman ventral tegmental area activity is selectively tuned to rewarding outcomes and reflects the expected value of chosen options during decision-making.
1460h agoTraumatic brain injury causes changes in white matter in females, and these changes are influenced by menopause timing and hormonal exposure, including the use and duration of hormone replacement therapy.
1464h agoSoluble Tau protein exists in distinct, dynamic conformations that can change under disease conditions, and these conformations can inhibit axonal transport and lead to neuronal toxicity.
1464h agoLithium primarily acts in the gut, not the brain, to trigger behavioral and physiological changes that protect individuals from ingested toxins and reduce arousal.
1464h agoHumans use a sub-linear scaling approach when selecting between competing explanations for sensory data, weighting evidence against model complexity in a way that is influenced by known biases in numerosity perception.
1464h agoStable individual signatures of brain activity can be isolated from resting state fMRI, reflecting persistent anatomical and physiological differences.
1464h agoDjungarian hamsters exhibit regular periods of motility during torpor, which are associated with increased brain activity, and may play a role in thermoregulation and retaining vigilance.
1464h agoCochlear implant input changes the neural mechanisms of prediction generation during language comprehension in deaf individuals.
1468h agoAstrocytes change with age in a region-specific way, showing increased reactivity, particularly in white matter and interlaminar astrocytes, in mouse lemurs.
1468h agoAstrocytes can be reprogrammed into functional neurons in the brain, enabling them to integrate into brain circuits and potentially allowing for circuit remodeling.
1468h agoPeople dynamically update task goals in uncertain situations by modulating neural task representations in the right frontoparietal network, which involves adjusting conjunctive and compositional task representations.
1468h agoDriving theta-gamma oscillations at the theta peak using tACS decreases extrasynaptic GABAergic tone in the primary motor cortex, which can facilitate motor learning and recovery.
1468h agoThe protein ADGRG1 regulates the development of pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes, which is necessary for myelin formation and rapid nerve signal transmission.
1468h agoWing mechanosensation modulates a subset of optic flow-sensitive descending neurons in butterflies by altering excitability and timing, not visual feature encoding.
1472h agoTwo novel behavioral tasks, the "shooting aliens task" and the "hands-attack task", show that overtrained conditions lead to increased insensitivity to outcome change, confirming the robustness of habitual behavior in humans.
1472h agoPlasticity across hierarchical brain circuits during sleep supports memory consolidation, abstraction, and energy efficiency by reorganizing synaptic connectivity.
1476h agoLarge neural nets are intrinsically unreliable because their performance can't be reliably extrapolated from test cases to real-world use cases.
1476h agoThe resting motor threshold, but not short interval intracortical inhibition, varies with the size of the stimulating coil used in transcranial magnetic stimulation.
1476h agoThe abstract wavelet transform associated with the quasiregular representation of the $SE(2)$ group can be characterized by a dual Gramian matrix for a modulated gaussian mother wavelet.
1476h agoPrenatal exposure to psychoactive substances such as cannabis shapes adolescent brain organization in ways that can be identified using a new graph neural network-based framework called NeuroKoop.
1476h agoA new framework called complex-valued phase synchrony (CVPS) captures the relative timing of interactions in complex systems, such as the brain, more accurately than existing methods.
1476h agoA novel graph neural network estimates local brain age across the cortical surface at high spatial resolution, identifying prefrontal and parietal association cortices as early sites of morphometric aging.
1476h agoTask-modulated contrastive learning integrates top-down information to enable continual learning from unlabeled data and sparsely labeled examples without compromising generalization.
1476h agoA new framework enables efficient GPU-accelerated simulation of sparse neural networks with structural plasticity, allowing for faster training times and reduced computational requirements while maintaining performance.
1476h agoThe neural signature for reasoning appears later and involves different brain areas than signatures for lexicon, syntax, and meaning when processing language.
1476h agoA machine learning approach using clinical testing and MRI data improves diagnosis of atypical Alzheimer's disease patients by increasing correct diagnoses from 52% to 69% and from 34% to 77% in two tested groups.
1476h agoPedestrian flow models at different scales help understand complex interactions among large groups of people, with microscopic models describing individual interactions and macroscopic models providing insights into overall dynamics.
1476h agoThe Recursive Gradient Profile Function reveals fractal properties in the Ulam-Warburton Cellular Automaton by assigning grayscale values to newly activated cells according to their generation index.
1476h agoA new geometric observable directly measures the growth rate of localized sets in dissipative dynamical systems, linking its scaling coefficient to the Kolmogorov Sinai entropy in uniformly hyperbolic systems.
1476h agoA decentralized network architecture with simple nanomachines interacting via a diffusive medium maximizes information propagation and processing capacity at the edge of chaos.
1476h agoRandomness leads to order in a system of particles interacting on curved surfaces, with the particles organizing into lower-dimensional structures such as bands, rings, and clusters depending on the surface geometry.
1476h agoEvolutionary processes influence common-pool resource conservation by generating new traits that modify the feedback between population strategies and the resource state, and institutional incentives can prevent the Tragedy of the Commons.
1476h agoInformation can evolve through non-equilibrium dynamics without genes or predefined fitness functions, driven by a process called Stability-Driven Assembly that favors longer-lived motifs.
1476h agoA formal framework proposes a noncommutative Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy that is covariant under SU(3) and compatible with a Lorentzian structure.
1476h agoA new synchronization mechanism enables stable communication between nonlinear lasers over long distances in turbulent environments, reducing desynchronization events and increasing high-quality synchronization probability.
1476h agoThe analysis of a second-order linear differential equation reveals that time-delay and time-to-collision are direct metrics of zero-dissipation under equilibrium and synchronization states in traffic, exhibiting periodic evolution trajectories and resulting in a phase diagram that bridges dynamical behaviors.
1476h agoExtended Self-Similarity scaling emerges in the propagation of coherent light in a multimode fiber, producing complex speckle patterns from linear mode interference with scaling exponents similar to those in nonlinear systems.
1476h agoThe Toner-Tu-Swift-Hohenberg equations have a finite-dimensional compact global attractor on a periodic domain, with a Lyapunov dimension that matches the heuristic prediction based on the Swift-Hohenberg length scale.
1476h agoThe outcome of social competition between rival movements depends on the stability of individual dispositions, with environmental stability determining whether raising the cost of participation leads to unity or total fragmentation.
1476h agoA new framework learns effective Langevin equations from stationary time series, guaranteeing a match between the surrogate model and the observed steady-state density and temporal correlations.
1476h agoA mean-field formulation of a probabilistic cellular automaton can approximate the logistic equation only with an infinite-range neighborhood.
1476h agoQuantum machine learning algorithms have a fundamental protection against adversarial attacks due to their quantum properties, which can guarantee robustness against classically-armed adversaries in certain scenarios.
1476h agoThe classification of 4 x 4 solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation is now complete, including both regular solutions and additional non-regular solutions that have been identified.
1476h agoA simple nonlinear differential equation describes global population growth over the past 12,000 years and predicts possible future scenarios, including a potential halving of the global population due to resource depletion.
1476h agoNonlinear threshold-cascade dynamics in connected interaction networks enable structured functional organization to emerge and be temporarily supported, helping to overcome the problem of combinatorial feasibility in the origin of life.
1476h agoA phase transition in duplication-divergence growing graphs with symmetric coupled divergence occurs at a divergence rate $\delta_c$, which is linked to the largest connected component transition.
1476h agoThe collapse of the spectral gap in complex dynamical systems drives them toward a low-dimensional attractor, but an Adaptive Spectral Negative Coupling (ASNC) operator can stabilize the system by functioning as a state-dependent high-pass filter.
1476h agoTraining synaptic nonlinearity yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance-parameter scaling than conventional linear weight-based networks.
1476h agoThe Binary Intrinsic Dimension (BID) analysis reveals that the Hopfield model's phases and transitions have distinct scaling patterns, with linear scaling in retrieval and paramagnetic phases and sublinear scaling in the spin-glass phase.
1476h agoThe Tool-Narayanaswamy material-time concept works better for simulating physical aging in a binary liquid after a small temperature increase than after a large temperature increase.
1476h agoInter-particle interaction breaks down the quantization of pumped charge in the bosonic quasiperiodic Aubry-Andr{\'e} model, and the pumped charge changes sharply as interaction strength increases.
1476h agoExtending hyperuniformity to quantum fluctuations in electron systems identifies quantum phase transitions and reveals underlying gap structures through the quantum weight.
1476h agoRandomness leads to order in a system of particles interacting on curved surfaces, with the particles organizing into lower-dimensional structures such as bands, rings, and clusters depending on the surface geometry.
1476h agoMany-body localization of mid-spectrum eigenstates does not occur in two dimensions, and a critical disorder strength exists for localization to prevail in one-dimensional ladders.
1476h agoA study on a one-dimensional quasiperiodic tight-binding model reveals that dissipation can induce localization-delocalization transitions and that states prepared farther from the steady state can relax faster than states initialized closer to it.
1476h agoDisorder can induce topological phases of matter in systems without translation symmetry, and research has made progress in understanding these phases in various systems.
1476h agoTraining synaptic nonlinearity yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance-parameter scaling than conventional linear weight-based networks.
1476h agoQuantum Neural Networks can accurately represent exchange-correlation functionals in Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory, yielding energy profiles that match reference results for molecules, including those not used in training.
1476h agoA simple nonlinear differential equation describes global population growth over the past 12,000 years and predicts possible future scenarios, including a potential halving of the global population due to resource depletion.
1476h agoProjected ensembles, specifically the partial projected ensemble (PPE), track the causal lightcone of information spreading and reveal how scrambling dynamics are encoded in ensemble structure.
1476h agoDense Associative Memory models learn interpretable solutions to supervised and unsupervised classification problems and their weights follow a saddle-point hierarchy that can be exploited to improve training stability and efficiency.
1476h agoQAOA parameter transfer from small problems to large problems provides generally improved solutions as the algorithm depth increases, often converging close to the true ground-state energy.
1476h agoDisordered quantum codes, called "cored product codes", can be used to create self-correcting quantum memories in three dimensions, with simulations showing that memory lifetime increases with system size below a critical temperature.
1476h agoThe brain's molecular layer interneurons develop persistent activity related to sensory input, which enables mice to make anticipatory movements by encoding sensory information.
1476h agoThe striatum's inhibitory microcircuits, composed of different types of interneurons, are distributed unevenly across its territories, with distinct patterns shown by somatostatin, parvalbumin, and tyrosine hydroxylase interneurons.
1476h agoThe dimensionality of neural data increases with the number of recorded neurons, not with task complexity, and supervised learning methods can effectively decode neural states from large datasets.
1476h agoNeuron populations in the motor cortex change their coordinated activity patterns over short timescales, with fast switches and slow modifications, which can be triggered by a common physiological mechanism and impact behavioral performance.
1476h agoThe type of mathematical model used to represent subthalamic nucleus neurons determines whether the subthalamopallidal loop increases or decreases beta oscillations associated with Parkinson's disease.
1476h agoA mutation in AMPA receptors disrupts the development of synaptic and metabolic programs in the hippocampus, leading to impaired synapse maturation, delayed mitochondrial stress, and enduring circuit dysfunction.
1476h agoInhibitory regulation of Vglut1-expressing BLA-to-NAc neurons strengthens stimulus-outcome associations, and conditioning-associated inhibitory plasticity in this pathway refines motivated behavior.
1476h agoStress exposure early in life has lasting effects on the brain that differ by sex, affecting the onset of stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression.
1476h agoSemilunar granule cells exhibit increased intrinsic excitability and altered synaptic connections during epileptogenesis, which may contribute to enhanced network excitability and spatial navigation deficits in epilepsy.
1476h agoHigher cortical regions dynamically reconfigure sensory representations in the ventral temporal cortex to support cognitive flexibility, with the timing of task instructions changing how identical visual stimuli are processed.
1476h agoPulsed transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation causes pupil dilation when active and sham stimulation are intermixed, but its effect depends on the location of sham stimulation, not on the phase of respiration.
1476h agoDynamic inter-network connectivity entropy (DICE) metrics reveal a multidimensional signature of altered entropy dynamics in schizophrenia, including distinct pathophysiological signatures and differential associations with symptom dimensions.
1476h agoManipulating the delay and amplification of self-produced footstep sounds changes gait dynamics, with amplification without delay reducing variability and delay increasing walking cadence.
1480h agoThe N1 potential, a cortical response during reactive balance control, is mainly influenced by a central midline cortical region covering the supplementary motor area (SMA), and multiple brain sources contribute to its timing.
1484h agoSingle-channel in-ear EEG reliably detects cognitive distraction during driving, providing a temporally precise and low-burden neural marker that closely matches the detection capabilities of full-cap scalp EEG.
1484h agoSqueakPose Studio, along with SqueakView and MouseHouse, provides a unified platform that enables pose estimation for both offline analysis and real-time deployment on embedded edge-computing devices.
1484h agoA normative model of multimodal brain structure-function linkages is created using over 15,000 subjects' MRI scans, which serves as a template to guide and standardize analysis of new datasets.
1484h agoTau pathology in Alzheimer's disease spreads from subcortical areas to the cortex as infra-slow global brain activity decreases with degeneration of the nucleus basalis of Meynert.
1484h agoA modular framework for spike sorting allows for individual benchmarking of algorithmic steps, leading to the creation of component-based spike sorters that can outperform existing solutions.
1484h agoDifferences in gene expression, particularly in hormone signaling and neuronal functions, between two Xenopus frog species may explain the distinct vocal behaviors they produce.
1484h agoDirectional tactile motion can be inferred from temporal phase differences between two spatially static vibrotactile inputs, and this is influenced by the phase relationship, envelope dynamics, and spatial configuration of the stimuli.
1484h agoThe magnitude of inhibition between olfactory receptor neurons in the olfactory sensilla of Drosophila melanogaster depends on adaptation, limiting its role in fast odor processing.
1484h agoA new model represents complex scenes in working memory as a noisy vector of neural firing rates, accounting for variations in behavioral performance and brain activity when storing real-world scenes.
1484h agoThe accumulation of amyloid-{beta} leads to a rapid decline in neuronal density followed by a loss in memory and learning ability.
1484h agoBeta-band activity in motor and parietal areas increases after getting correct feedback in a decision-making task, especially when the decision was uncertain.
1484h agoSudden onsets produce strong and peak-structured neural decoding of natural scenes, whereas gradual onsets result in weaker and more diffuse decoding.
1484h agoSystemic delivery of an engineered virus supports robust and widespread expression of a calcium indicator in the common marmoset, enabling minimally invasive multi-scale functional optical imaging in awake, behaving animals.
1484h agoPeople with postictal psychosis and schizophrenia share similar impairments in associative memory and inference, and have disrupted theta activity in the brain during memory tasks.
1484h agoParticipants learning a dance sequence while listening to music showed improved performance accuracy and timing over repeated practice sessions.
1484h agoActivation in specific regions of the occipito-temporal cortex predicts behavioural performance when people categorise images of faces, bodies, and scenes.
1488h agoChronic colitis causes a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain, which can lead to Parkinson's Disease, and this effect is caused by the activation of microglia cells in the midbrain.
1488h agoThe subcortex_visualization package provides a unified framework for programmatically visualizing non-cortical brain data across multiple subcortical and cerebellar parcellation atlases.
1492h agoNeural signals for muscles that work together and against each other remain coupled after limb amputation and targeted muscle reinnervation.
1500h agoPerspective tokens, which encode orientation through embodied cues or abstract representations, improve multimodal language models' ability to adopt another agent's visual perspective and perform spatial reasoning.
1500h agoConscious experience creates additional degrees of causal freedom that are unpredictable and unobservable by sequential means, providing a fundamental principle about consciousness that bridges it with physics.
1500h agoState Space Models help bridge the gap between detailed neural circuits and cognitive functions by producing emergent behaviors from biophysical processes.
1500h agoOptogenetic activation of specific neurons in the rostral Pedunculopontine nucleus induces transient motor arrest and couples motor inhibition with reinforcement-related behavioral circuitry.
1500h agoFast-changing parameters in a dynamical system can cause critical transitions even without bifurcations, through a phenomenon called rate-induced tipping, which is controlled by non-attracting fractal sets in phase and parameter space.
1500h agoIntegrable boundary states can be generalized for the anisotropic Heisenberg chain under various boundary conditions.
1500h agoQuasi-resonant collisions create a localized stem structure that connects the vertices of two V-shaped structures, and this phenomenon is studied in the context of the KPII and KPI equations to analyze the resulting soliton and breather-soliton solutions.
1500h agoTipping behavior in continuous-time nonlinear systems occurs when chaos forces a multistable system across a bifurcation threshold, and this behavior is characterized by tipping windows defined by unstable periodic orbits of the chaos.
1500h agoThe focusing gauged MKdV (FGMKdV) equation is reduced from the real part of the focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, and its real hyperelliptic solutions are constructed using data from hyperelliptic curves.
1500h agoActive matter systems can process information optimally when their dynamics are slightly below a critical damping threshold, allowing them to robustly compute and infer future states of chaotic signals.
1500h agoA general method for constructing a fuzzy cellular automaton allows for diverse and complex time-evolution patterns to be generated by using a wide range of fuzzification functions.
1500h agoMachine learning simulations reveal how metal-organic frameworks change into catalysts at high temperatures and how adding copper affects this process.
1500h agoThe curvature evolution of the loss landscape, measured by critical sharpness, captures key phenomena in neural network training, and can be used to analyze and inform large-scale training practices.
1500h agoA multifractal model analyzes neutron evolution in a reactor, describing stochastic systems with hierarchically subordinate statistical ensembles and identifying characteristics such as dimensions, entropy, and a multifractal spectrum function.
1500h agoDefects at finite-temperature topological transitions belong to a new topological universality class when weak disorder is present.
1500h agoDifferent types of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) cause distinct disruptions in speech recognition, particularly affecting brief consonants but not sustained vowels, leading to difficulties in noisy environments.
1500h agoHigher-order thalamus plays a key role in schizophrenia pathophysiology, and restoring its activity can normalize alterations in connected brain regions.
1500h agoAdolescent social isolation facilitates tau propagation in brainstem serotonergic circuits, leading to neuropsychiatric dysfunction and altered pain perception.
1500h agoA specific circuit configuration controls the timing of ventral oblique muscle activation to generate distinct crawling behaviors in Drosophila larvae.
1508h agoRepeated odor exposure reshapes population activity in the olfactory bulb through three forms of representational change, while preserving the relative geometry of odor response vectors.
1508h agoPeripheral injury reprograms oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord, leading to chronic pain through the release of beta-amyloid peptides.
1512h agoAccurate formation of a new sensorimotor skill depends on combining information about movement direction and target position.
1512h agoCocaine and foot shock activate different groups of neurons in the nucleus accumbens, with cocaine mainly activating dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons and foot shock activating both D1 and D2 receptor-expressing neurons.
1520h agoThe new framework enables detection of left-right asymmetries along major white-matter pathways, revealing patterns that differentiate people with normal cognition from those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
1520h agoThe ventral hippocampus uses different types of neurons to regulate specific anxiety-related behaviors, with pyramidal neurons encoding general anxiety information and interneuron subclasses selectively recruited for behaviors involving threat exposure or decision-making.
1520h agoThe alpha band activity in the brain is made up of three distinct components that determine individual differences in perceptual and cognitive functions.
1520h agoGlial lipid dysregulation is widespread but spatially specialized in Alzheimer's disease, with plaque-associated microglia and white matter tracts showing distinct metabolic changes that intensify with age.
1520h agoTHC enhances responses to appetitive stimuli by selectively modulating mesocorticolimbic circuitry, particularly through the substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area (SN-VTA), to increase incentive salience and motivational drive toward reward-associated stimuli.
1524h agoPromoting ketone body usage mitigates brain energy disruption caused by systemic inflammation and prevents delirium-like cognitive deficits in aged mice.
1524h agoVisual stimulation and internal brain state modulate communication between different layers of the brain's visual cortex through distinct mechanisms.
1524h agoExternal stimuli can involuntarily reactivate matching working memory representations, and this effect is driven by increased evidence accumulation during decision-making processes.
1524h agoA new assay called PRO-FitS uses worms to screen for compounds that improve protein health, helping to identify potential treatments for neurodegenerative diseases caused by misfolded proteins.
1524h agoOverexpressing certain genes in fibroblasts enables them to improve blood flow, reduce Alzheimer's disease symptoms, and decrease amyloid-beta load in mice brains.
1528h agoStressful events do not significantly affect disease severity in mice with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, and these mice have normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
1528h agoThe nervous system of C. elegans detects hydrogen peroxide through a neural circuit that drives the worm to escape from environmental hydrogen peroxide.
1528h agoA new microbiopsy technique allows sampling of specific brain regions in living mice, enabling analysis of gene expression and epigenetic changes without harming the animal.
1528h agoContinuous-Time weighted Dynamic Bayesian Networks (CTwDBN) uncover smoothly time-varying conditional dependencies in neural systems, revealing temporal fluctuations in cortical networks during tasks and persistent fluctuations in the resting-state cortex.
1528h agoPeople use changes in the pattern of light and dark areas in a scene, not just the brightest spot, to figure out the color of objects under different lighting conditions.
1528h agoTranscutaneous spinal cord stimulation over the cervical or lumbar spinal cord works differently, with simulations showing that somatosensory afferents are more easily stimulated than motor efferents, and region-specific synaptic transmission and volume conduction explain the differences.
1528h agoTangential insertions of high-density electrode probes into the hippocampus enable the recording of a large number of neurons and neural activity across a wide area, increasing the resolution and spatial extent of brain activity monitoring.
1528h agoThe peptide D6PV enhances oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin repair by stimulating mitochondrial function and suppressing inflammation, leading to improved remyelination in demyelinating disorders.
1528h agoSaturated reddish hues produce the strongest gamma oscillations in visual processing, and this selectivity is reduced when colors are desaturated or measured with less direct recording methods.
1528h agoExtracellular vesicles have different molecular profiles depending on their origin, with those from brain tissue enriched in neuronal and glial proteins, and those from plasma reflecting immune and metabolic functions.
1536h agoA brain-computer interface using EEG and auditory inputs helps improve phonological processing in adults with developmental dyslexia by optimising brain patterns related to speech-sound processing.
1548h agoDeliberate mind-wandering is characterized by stronger alpha band functional connectivity across brain networks, especially between the salience network, control network, and default mode network, whereas spontaneous mind-wandering shows no significant connectivity differences.
1548h agoThe brain's decision-making process treats evidence the same whether it comes from sensory input, memory, or learned calculations.
1548h agoPremature birth affects brain development, and a new model using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging-derived white matter features can accurately predict brain age in neonates, but it does not provide additional information about the infant's health beyond conventional clinical and demographic measures.
1548h agoTask-related GABA levels in the motor cortex strongly predict early brain responses to stimulation, while resting-state measures are more relevant for predicting brain responses in the prefrontal cortex.
1548h agoLong-term expression of PI3Kδ in neurons promotes axonal regeneration without causing tumors or other harmful side effects, providing a potential safe strategy for repairing spinal cord injuries.
1548h agoTau aggregates in Alzheimer's disease spread through the brain's structural connections, driven by cellular mechanisms including directional transport, toxic protein production, and exosome-mediated release and uptake.
1552h agoImage quality affects fetal brain normative models, causing biased centile estimates when lower-quality data is included, especially in the outer centiles.
1552h agoLoss of normal Tau function in the adult brain causes neuronal atrophy, malfunction, and cognitive and mood deficits, which can be reversed by Tau re-expression or epigenetic correction.
1552h agoThe brain uses retinal curl, caused by eye movements, directly to estimate heading, making it unnecessary to recover the Focus of Expansion.
1552h agoKCNQ4 is essential for outer hair cell repolarization, maturation, and maintenance of cochlear efferent synapses.
1552h agoThe shoulder complex's musculoskeletal redundancy allows for versatile motor behaviour, and simulations show that biomechanical demands shape the feasible muscle activity patterns, with varying possibilities especially at greater task intensities.
1552h agoThe choroid plexus outside the ventricles produces 5.42 times more cerebrospinal fluid than the lateral ventricles, indicating the lateral ventricles are not the primary site of cerebrospinal fluid production.
1552h agoCaMKII forms clusters through interactions with itself, and this cluster formation is regulated by its activation and spatial confinement.
1552h agoThe human hippocampus' computational functions rely on coordinated interactions among DG, CA3, and CA1 subfields; a new protocol directs human pluripotent stem cells to yield DG, CA3, and CA1 neuronal subtypes and hippocampal astrocytes.
1552h agoCromolyn, a GPR35 agonist, inhibits the sensitisation of pain-causing ion channels by reducing inflammation, suggesting its potential as an alternative to opioid painkillers.
1552h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: As people practice goal-directed actions, their sense of time changes, with subjective time expanding before acting and this effect growing as actions become more refined.
1556h agoStroke survivors have lower levels of a key brain chemical that indicates healthy brain cells in the part of the brain that processes sensory information from the hand.
1556h agoThe glymphatic system's clearance of waste from the central nervous system is crucial for maintaining neural health, and impairments in this system are linked to diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. or Impairments in the glymphatic system are linked to diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and this system is crucial for clearing waste from the central nervous system. However, as per your request for directly reporting main findings, ideas or summary. Here is a rewritten sentence. The glymphatic system clears waste from the central nervous system through fluid exchange.
1556h agoSnord116 regulates Nhlh2 mRNA levels by controlling its distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm, and its deletion disrupts this process, leading to changes in gene expression in Prader-Willi Syndrome.
1556h agoCntnap2 KO mice show age-dependent changes in brain networks and behavior, including increased reactivity, disrupted nesting behavior, and altered interneuron and microglial networks.
1556h agoDyrk1a protein levels are elevated in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and inhibiting this protein with DYR533 reduces tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and amyloidosis, and improves behavior and memory in mouse models.
1556h agoEpigenetic changes in the brain are induced by brain activity, chemical exposures, and genetic mutations, and are mediated by genes like gadd45b, leading to changes in brain activity and behavior.
1556h agoRegional variations in cortical properties, such as myelin and excitation-inhibition balance, shape the speed and pattern of brain activity waves across the cortex.
1564h agoAstrocyte-secreted IGFBP2 mediates synaptic deficits in Rett syndrome, and treatment with an IGF1-derived peptide restores synapse formation by promoting IGFBP2 degradation.
1564h agoAdolescent intermittent ethanol exposure increases Mettl3 expression in specific brain regions and cell types, particularly in neurons within the central amygdala and hippocampus.
1564h agoSomatic mutations in the mTOR signaling pathway cause changes in cell states within the human cortex, leading to two hallmark cell types, dysmorphic neurons and balloon cells, which contribute to drug-resistant epilepsy.
1564h agoAstrocytes transfer mitochondria to neurons to support mitochondrial function after traumatic brain injury, and this transfer helps protect neurons from injury.
1564h agoThe ventral temporal cortex uses domain-general features to form a unique structure that assists object classification, and dynamically adjusts this structure during object recognition to influence the separability of objects.
1568h agoFemale adults have higher spindle density, sigma and delta power during sleep than male adults, and more research is needed to understand sex-specific differences in sleep patterns and insomnia.
1568h agoNicotine disrupts the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the nervous system, causing hyperactivity and changes in behavior and neural activity through dopamine-mediated circuits.
1568h agoRNA G-quadruplex-binding proteins directly regulate essential glial cell functions that are frequently impaired in Alzheimer's Disease.
1568h agoA unified model explains how the brain integrates multisensory information to plan and execute goal-directed movements, by linking confidence in causal inference to reaction time and neural signals in the superior colliculus.
1568h agoIncreased Cdkn1a expression in peripheral sensory neurons is linked to nerve injury and neuropathic pain, with a sex-dependent effect in female rats.
1568h agoPrecisely timed neural activity sequences in the olfactory bulbs help mice rapidly recognize odors by carrying concentration-invariant information about odor identity and training the brain to learn generalizable odor representations.
1568h agoImproved bioluminescent calcium sensors enable high-sensitivity detection of calcium dynamics in muscle and neuronal tissues in living animals.
1568h agoAnodal transcranial direct current stimulation accelerates remyelination, increases oligodendroglial survival and maturation, and preserves functional connectivity in a mouse model of cortical myelin injury.
1568h agoSerial dependence in perception originates from higher-level categorical perception, not physical stimulus representations, and neural signals encode emotional ambiguity and carry traces of past stimuli.
1568h agoDeletions in the NRXN1 gene that affect specific isoforms result in unique and overlapping behavioral deficits, including locomotion, sensorimotor, and social behavior problems.
1568h agoThe dorsolateral striatum (DLS) is critical for the performance of skilled action sequences, and its modulation by D2 receptors determines the correct execution of these sequences.
1568h agoA predictive motor circuit in flies releases two transmitters, Dh44 and histamine, to modify auditory neurons and suppress sound processing during different behaviors, such as courtship and escape.
1568h agoOptimizing proximity-based proteomics using TurboID enables cell-type specific profiling with increased depth of proteome coverage, identifying thousands of proteins in microglia and astrocytes, and revealing new biological and disease-relevant insights.
1568h agoBasal radial glia with different shapes have different behaviors, proliferation abilities, and gene expressions, and these differences determine their roles in human brain development.
1568h agoCurrent AI systems struggle to store specific episodic facts without corrupting general semantic knowledge because they lack a separation between fast episodic storage and slow semantic learning.
1572h agoComplementarity is best understood as a principle that limits what can be known and represented at the same time, rather than a statement about the nature of reality, and this idea reveals a tension between descriptive completeness and contextual meaning.
1572h agoLarge Language Models can generate psychometric responses that closely match those of real individuals with neurodevelopmental traits, such as ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder, when grounded in a structured qualitative interview.
1572h agoBrain function can be modeled using sheaf theory, where local neural functions are represented as sections of a sheaf and global coherence is achieved through the existence of global sections.
1572h agoSustained exposure to the ventriloquist illusion causes a change in auditory localization, with recalibration happening early in the auditory processing pathway and the after-effect fading over time.
1572h agoContinuous attractor networks can learn to make stable transitions between states, but only when stability is enforced over a long period, and the network's topology limits its ability to do so.
1572h agoA new method called neurocircuit mechanism decomposition (NMD) helps identify brain circuits linked to psychopathology and guides treatment by breaking down functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data into specific biomechanisms.
1572h agoA new method replaces nonlinear functions of noise with a Gaussian-equivalent process to derive a closed dynamical mean-field theory for recurrent neuronal networks.
1572h agoEfficient control of emotional memories is supported by distinct brain networks that are shaped by anxiety, with different connections associated with suppression of positive and negative memories.
1572h agoA machine learning approach using clinical tests and MRI data improves diagnosis of atypical Alzheimer's disease patients by increasing correct diagnoses from 52% to 69% and from 34% to 77% in two tested groups.
1572h agoPost-hoc trial selection in studies of unconscious cognition constitutes a sampling fallacy that wrongly ascribes unconscious processing to stimulus conditions that may be easily discriminable.
1572h agoThe protocol, based on a Gaussian-linear hidden Markov model, analyzes brain dynamics and their associations with behavioral, physiological, and other variables.
1572h agoA novel model learns to encode hearing loss from neural activity recordings in the auditory midbrain, accurately predicting neural responses in both normal hearing and hearing-impaired animals.
1572h agoCortical traveling waves and spike-timing-dependent plasticity could work together to support long-term working memory by creating a temporary network that lasts for hours.
1572h agoNeural networks with multiple discrete attractors have stable fixed points below a critical load that depends on neural activity statistics and single-neuron activation functions.
1572h agoThe dla-ideal-solver framework simulates two-dimensional Diffusion-Limited Aggregation, confirming a fractal dimension of 1.71 in dilute regimes and a crossover to Eden-like growth with a fractal dimension of 1.87 in high-density environments.
1572h agoThe two-dimensional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation has three scalar conserved quantities - mass, momentum, and energy - and a vector-valued quantity, with most of them preserved in numerical simulations except for a systematic temporal drift in the x-component.
1572h agoTraining the synaptic nonlinearity in physical neural networks yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance compared to conventional linear weight-based networks.
1572h agoQuantum information scrambling enables a generic SWAP gate between collective degrees of freedom in systems without universal local control.
1572h agoThe critical speed for superfluid flow of a two-dimensional binary superfluid of light past an optical obstacle is determined by Landau's criterion and depends on the obstacle's strength and the superfluid's density and spin modes.
1572h agoFingerprint labyrinthine patterns coarsen through localized junction and terminal defects, leading to slow, nondiffusive dynamics distinct from conventional phase ordering and stripe coarsening.
1572h agoA novel operator describes a random walk process on a simplicial complex, allowing walkers to move across simplices of different dimensions and providing a natural ranking of their relative importance.
1572h agoChaotic Kramers' law holds in bistable systems forced by fast chaotic dynamics if the amplitude of the chaotic forcing is large enough.
1572h agoAdaptive rewiring of connections based on node similarity can drive complex structural self-organization in networks, leading to three distinct phases: random connectivity, community structure, and fragmentation.
1572h agoTraining the synaptic nonlinearity in physical neural networks yields higher task performance per physical resource and improved performance compared to conventional linear weight-based networks.
1572h agoA notion of momentum for non-translation symmetric states directly encodes the nature of their entanglement in 1D systems.
1572h agoMobility edge positions in quasiperiodic systems are structurally constrained across related Hamiltonians, restricting them to a reduced set of energies.
1572h agoA new method based on the message-passing algorithm identifies clusters of synchronized nodes in large networks by exploiting collective behavior emerging across critical points of an effective Ising-like model.
1572h agoWavepackets can be used to probe transport properties with improved energy resolution, and this approach reveals an energy-dependent localization transition in the Anderson model on an 8x7 lattice.
1572h agoNeural networks with multiple discrete attractors have stable fixed points below a critical load that depends on neural activity statistics and single-neuron activation functions.
1572h agoIntroducing non-monotonic transfer functions into the Hopfield associative memory model enhances its retrieval performance, and applying dynamical mean-field theory accurately characterizes the model's macroscopic dynamical properties.
1572h agoLewy body disease groups show increased flexibility in brain activity, which is linked to cognitive fluctuations, REM sleep behavior disorder symptoms, and decreased integrity of a key brain region, the locus coeruleus.
1572h agoA novel graph neural network estimates local brain age across the cortical surface at high spatial resolution using morphometric features, identifying prefrontal and parietal association cortices as early sites of aging and linking morphological aging to cognitive decline.
1576h agoThe stability of phase-locked solutions in oscillator networks increases with system size and this leads to the stabilization of persistent currents in annular atomic superfluids with periodic barriers.
1576h agoChanges in the way neurons work at a small scale can lead to large-scale brain problems, and research shows that unstable electrical activity in neurons, caused by variability in certain channels, is linked to diseases such as Alzheimer's and epilepsy.
1576h agoIncreased alpha power makes mind-wandering more likely when people have their eyes open, but less likely when they have their eyes closed.
1576h agoAbout 10% of adults aged 70 and older show stable episodic memory performance over a decade, and this stability is linked to lower rates of brain atrophy.
1576h agoSignal space beamforming (SSB) suppresses environmental noise and movement artefacts in optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) for wearable magnetoencephalography (MEG), allowing for effective data collection in complex experimental situations.
1580h agoAdolescent use of prescription opioids causes long-term impairments in neurobehavioral and neurocognitive development by leading to sex-dependent glutamatergic dysregulation, which underlies dendritic spine dysmorphology in the anterior cingulate cortex.
1580h agoClonazepam activates the TRPM8 ion channel, which likely explains its effectiveness in treating burning mouth disorder.
1580h agoSuperior cognitive performance in adulthood is associated with greater cortical thickness in regions of the brain responsible for movement, sight, hearing, and higher-level thinking, especially in midlife.
1580h agoFocused-attention meditation changes brain activity by reducing patterns linked to self-reference and memory, and increasing patterns that support attention and internal monitoring.
1580h agoGABAB receptors mainly mediate presynaptic inhibition at the Ia afferent synapse, and their expression decreases after spinal cord injury, contributing to reflex hyperexcitability.
1580h agoA 3D convolutional neural network with a trainable continuous wavelet transform layer and bidirectional contrastive learning pre-training enables accurate sub-second seizure detection from EEG data.
1580h agoThe P301L/S320F double-mutant tau protein forms a structurally unique and highly aggregation-prone fold that leads to rapid tau aggregation in mice.
1580h agoAging causes changes in the brain's dorsal hippocampus-nucleus accumbens pathway that lead to memory problems, and reducing the pathway's activity improves memory in aged mice.
1580h agoOpioid exposure increases the density of perineuronal nets in the ventral pallidum, which in turn drives opioid seeking by regulating the activity of parvalbumin-expressing neurons.
1580h agoInfants and adults expect a metal ball to sink in water because of their understanding of material properties.
1580h agoAlzheimer's disease causes early disruptions in synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens, leading to changes in reward-related behavior, before cognitive decline and plaque deposition.
1580h agoMitochondrial loss occurs early in injured mature oligodendrocytes, leading to prolonged cell survival without them, and this loss may be an early marker of oligodendrocyte pathology.
1580h agoParkinson's disease protein signatures in plasma are linked to disease duration, therapy, and underlying mechanisms that can be targeted for treatment.
1580h agoPRISME, a MATLAB toolbox, enables large-scale power benchmarking and method comparison for neuroimaging research by providing a flexible and unified framework for empirical power analysis.
1580h agoA novel statistical framework called UGEE enables efficient and accurate analysis of multimodal neuroimaging data, yielding interpretable results that distinguish between location and scale effects.
1580h agoThe transcription factor Gata4 promotes spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish by preserving glial identity and regulating extracellular matrix remodeling, and its loss leads to scar formation and impaired motor recovery.
1580h agoSomatostatin-expressing neurons in the lateral and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (PAG) act as a premotor gate to control ultrasonic vocalizations in mice by coordinating motor programs and transmitting signals to other brain areas.
1584h agoMost ALT neurons in the spinal cord are specifically sensitive to harmless warming or cooling and play a crucial role in temperature discrimination.
1588h agoThe MED-based method detects more neuronal spikes than the RMS-based method during burst periods, and the combined detection and de-duplication method, DP-MED, offers more precision and is less computationally expensive than Kilosort-4.
1588h agoSema4D promotes inhibitory synapse formation by coordinating dynamic changes in pre- and postsynaptic compartments, increasing colocalization of presynaptic GAD65 protein assemblies and postsynaptic gephyrin scaffolds, and recruiting GABAAR subunits to immature scaffolds.
1592h agoTheta voltage oscillations in axons contribute to coordinating hippocampal activity between subregions by driving stronger synaptic release of transmitter.
1592h agoNALCN regulates the basal excitability of GABAergic inhibitory circuits and cortical circuit function, particularly in GABAergic interneurons, where its loss reduces intrinsic excitability and impairs contextual adaptation and spatial short-term memory.
1592h agoAstrocyte death is caused by microglia that are recruited when astrocytes expose the membrane lipid phosphatidylserine on their surface.
1592h agoThe Allen Mouse Brain Atlas now maps gene expression for 4,083 genes at a higher resolution of 25 {micro}m3, allowing exploration of gene expression patterns online.
1592h agoMechanical ventilation increases the risk of cerebral anomalies in very preterm babies, while prolonged parenteral nutrition protects against white matter anomalies, and both mechanical ventilation and being born small for gestational age reduce cerebral volumes.
1596h agoClassification accuracy of small-scale spiking neural networks mainly depends on the number of categories, with the number of neurons and stimulus nodes having relatively minor effects.
1596h agoSchizophrenia gamma deficits are mainly caused by shifts in excitation-inhibition operating point and gain rather than input differences.
1596h agoPeople construct simplified representations of their environment to efficiently simulate and make predictions, using a "Just-in-Time" framework that interleaves simulation, visual search, and representation modification.
1596h agoHuman cognition follows a daily rhythm that affects language use on social media, with semantic exploration peaking in the morning and semantic diversity peaking later in the day.
1596h agoCognitive function is controlled by the collective organization of dynamical time scales, not by microscopic units or precise activity patterns.
1596h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity depends on both pre- and postsynaptic activity and can be explained by a normative theory that maximizes stimulus information under resource constraints.
1596h agoA novel graph neural network estimates local brain age across the cortical surface at high spatial resolution, identifying early sites of morphometric aging in prefrontal and parietal association cortices.
1596h agoVision Transformers naturally develop the ability to bind object features into a coherent whole through specific pretraining objectives, allowing them to represent which patches belong to the same object.
1596h agoA formal integral of motion is found for Hamiltonians with specific forms, which helps calculate invariant curves and orbits for various frequency ratios.
1596h agoThe superintegrability property of the Volterra model applies to the case of infinitely many competing species.
1596h agoA resonance phenomenon occurs within the hysteresis zone of finite-size systems undergoing a continuous phase transition, where the mean waiting time is maximized as a function of temperature.
1596h agoRoad safety must be managed as a complex system where risk evolves dynamically, and a systems thinking approach can identify and mitigate factors contributing to fatal outcomes.
1596h agoThe relationship between the texture and structure of butter during its production from cream is revealed through simulations, showing that differences in texture can be controlled by differences in microscopic structure.
1596h agoThe dynamical structure factor of a one-dimensional quantum gas of hard rods can be expressed exactly using an analytic formula that applies to any many-body state.
1596h agoCooperative effects in oscillator networks enhance stability of phase-locked solutions as system size increases, and this stabilization is observed in annular atomic superfluids with periodic barriers.
1596h agoUnstable periodic orbits' stability changes and bifurcations are key to understanding spatiotemporal chaos, and their stability under different perturbations can be revealed by analyzing the eigenvalues and stability exponents of coupled map lattice discretizations.
1596h agoThe dynamics of local observables in many-body Hamiltonian systems with integrable contact interactions and long-range two-body potentials can be described by a generalized Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon hierarchy.
1596h agoBogoliubov waves in Bose-Einstein Condensates interact nonlinearly and trigger turbulent cascades, and a new Kolmogorov-like stationary spectrum for short waves and a complete analytical expression for the long-wave acoustic regime are derived.
1596h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived from the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
1596h agoTwo approaches are presented for computing upper bounds on Lyapunov exponents, their sums, and Lyapunov dimension, which can imply bounds on the fractal dimension of a global attractor in dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations.
1596h agoFusion categories with a non-invertible, self-dual object give rise to integrable anyonic chains with a Hamiltonian density that satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra.
1596h agoNonlinear threshold-cascade dynamics in connected interaction networks enable structured functional organization to emerge and be temporarily supported, helping to overcome the problem of combinatorial feasibility in the origin of life.
1596h agoA one-dimensional non-Hermitian quasicrystal with a spatially disordered imaginary gauge field exhibits a transition from a fully erratic non-Hermitian skin effect phase to a fully localized phase, and an anomalous mobility edge separates Anderson-localized states from erratic non-Hermitian skin effect states.
1596h agoMachine learning models can regress scale-free processes, like earthquakes or avalanches, by leveraging their scale invariance, but face issues with spectral biases and coarse-grained representations.
1596h agoDisorder drives successive topological transitions in a single-wall nanotube, resulting in a robust topological Anderson phase that persists even at strong disorder.
1596h agoThe Falicov-Kimball model exhibits a Mott-like quantum critical point where a sub-diffusive metal with glassy dynamics separates a weakly ergodic metal from a non-ergodic insulator.
1596h agoMetastable states dominate a system's dynamics and influence the pathways through which energy landscapes are explored, and a new method based on a generalized many-body Arrhenius law can identify these states.
1596h agoDREADD activation induces profound changes in astrocytic gene expression profiles, with distinct transcriptomic responses and selective modulation of transcription factors for different DREADD subtypes.
1596h agoMultiple ensembles of neurons in the brain's auditory region work together with high precision to process and learn complex sounds, and these ensembles dynamically change as the sounds become more familiar.
1596h agoYouth with conduct disorder have a slightly accelerated brain age compared to typically developing youth, which may be a potential mechanism underlying the disorder.
1596h agoExcessive iron accumulation leads to ferroptosis, a form of cell death, in microglia, the brain's immune cells, causing neuroinflammation and neuronal loss.
1596h agoPupil diameter changes provide a biomarker of brain state, and a new software tool called Pupil-DLC can accurately track these changes in mice and humans.
1596h agoPopulation dynamics in the brain represent visual categories, attention, and task information across different stages of visual search, and these representations predict search efficiency and behavioral performance.
1596h agoVisual information helps people maintain balance while walking, and less clear visual information makes it harder to stay balanced, especially on winding paths.
1596h agoAgomelatine acts as a sex-selective modulator of Alzheimer's disease-related neuronal and microglial dysfunction, producing robust female-specific benefits by restoring cognitive performance, reducing microgliosis and tau phosphorylation, and enhancing neurogenesis.
1596h agoThe rostral Pedunculopontine nucleus couples motor inhibition with reinforcement-related behavioral circuitry, and its activation induces transient motor arrest and place preference in rats.
1600h agoDecoding accuracy of visual representations from EEG topography is reliable within participants across multiple sessions, tasks, attentional conditions, and visual features.
1600h agoTwo wavelengths of light are enough to mimic the effects of natural light on mammals, and adding a third wavelength makes the mimicry nearly perfect.
1600h agoRepeated exposure to cues without an outcome suppresses conditioned behavior but does not erase the underlying memory, whereas presenting outcomes without associated cues erases the memory.
1600h agoA glutamatergic population of neurons can excite or inhibit downstream partners depending on the type of glutamate receptor expressed, allowing the upstream population to pass on two different phases of the same signal.
1600h agoAutistic youth mostly use abstract representations, not specific examples, to generalize knowledge to new situations, and this ability is linked to better adaptive functioning in daily life.
1600h agoThe earliest activity in the primary visual cortex represents the saliency of combined feature contrasts for bottom-up attention, with the timing and amplitude of these signals predicting behavioral detection performance.
1600h agoPerceptual salience affects how people control their steps while walking, with greater influence on winding paths and paths with high contrast.
1600h agoThe gastric rhythm, a slow electrical oscillation generated by the stomach, synchronizes neural activity across sensory and motor cortices and influences perceptual reaction times.
1600h agoChronic alcohol exposure impairs the body's natural production of calming chemicals, leading to increased alcohol consumption and anxiety.
1600h agoThe direction reversal in a visual apparent-motion illusion is caused by afterimages that emerge in the elementary motion pathways of the brain.
1600h agoHerpes simplex virus-1 infection in the brain may contribute to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's by helping to spread pathological protein aggregates.
1604h agoTau tangles and A{beta} plaques accumulate in Alzheimer's disease and Down Syndrome, and two new radiotracers, [125I]IPPI and [125I]IBETA, bind to these pathological features, showing a synergistic relationship between them.
1604h agoLower levels of vesicular glutamate transporter in dopamine neurons lead to higher cytosolic dopamine levels, causing dopamine-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and increased susceptibility to Parkinson's disease.
1604h agoThe choroid plexus contains a previously unrecognized population of TTN+ tissue-resident macrophages that expand and change function in Alzheimer's disease, affecting their interaction with surrounding cells.
1604h agoTonic inhibition from A02l neurons helps regulate crawling behavior in Drosophila larvae by maintaining muscle relaxation and gating motor output.
1604h agoOverexpressing aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase in specific cell types using a virus that can cross the blood-brain barrier improves motor deficits and reduces dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease models when combined with L-DOPA therapy.
1604h agoPropMolFlow generates stable, valid molecular structures quickly, matching diffusion model performance and enabling the discovery of molecules with under-represented property values.
1608h agoCombining acoustic, prosodic, and phonological speech features offers diagnostic value in detecting Alzheimer's disease, with a best performance F1-score of 0.89 achieved through optimal feature subset selection and ensemble learning.
1608h agoDendritic Ca2+ signals in CA2 pyramidal cells are mainly driven by back-propagating action potentials, with simple spikes activating somatic and proximal Ca2+ and complex spikes producing larger Ca2+ signals that propagate farther into distal dendrites.
1608h agoPlasticity at specific cortico-basal ganglia synapses drives rapid learning-related changes in song during juvenile song learning, enabling a juvenile songbird to learn to sing.
1608h agoThe choroid plexus macrophages specialize due to their developmental origins and local niches, forming a key first line of immune defense for the brain.
1612h agoCortical folding in the human brain is linked to gene expression patterns that control cell growth, movement, and communication, and some of these genes are also associated with autism spectrum disorder.
1612h agoThe fronto-subthalamic system implements selective inhibition by rapidly engaging and releasing inhibition in response to specific signals, allowing some actions to stop while others continue.
1612h agoInfants as young as 7 months old can benefit from spatial cues to improve their ability to hear a target voice in a noisy environment.
1612h agoThe brain integrates multisensory cues in a modular way, using different cortical pathways depending on cue modality, functional relevance, and presentation order, to achieve effective sensorimotor integration.
1612h agoA study failed to replicate nine specific neuroimaging correlates of personality traits, suggesting the link between personality and brain's intrinsic functional architecture may be more subtle than previously reported.
1612h agoThe medial olivocochlear system's activity refines central auditory connectivity by shaping the inner ear's spontaneous activity, and its enhancement or absence differently alters the structure and function of auditory synapses.
1612h agoMutations in SLC6A1 cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathies by disrupting GABA uptake, and 4-phenylbutyrate restores normal function.
1612h agoA 3D cortical brain tissue model containing neurons, astrocytes, and microglia was developed, allowing for long-term study of brain cell functions, interactions, and diseases like Alzheimer's, and showing promise for testing treatments.
1612h agoThe default mode network plays a central role in autobiographical memory retrieval and episodic future thinking, with distinct areas of the network associated with positive and negative emotional experiences.
1612h agoPhase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) in cortico-hippocampal networks increases during learning and carries specific information about stimuli and their associations, supporting perception and associative learning in the human brain.
1612h agoPatients with severe chronic pain have disrupted pain modulation and altered brain connectivity associated with their emotional distress, disability, and pain.
1612h agoAn inhibitory plasticity rule based on local voltage-gated calcium concentration can control a neuron's firing rate and regulate supralinear dendritic integration.
1612h agoAmyloid Precursor Protein (APP) supports mitochondrial function by interacting with phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5) to regulate the PGAM5-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway.
1612h agoDopamine and acetylcholine interact in a specific region of the striatum, called the anterior dorsolateral striatum, to regulate movement and learning, with dopamine suppressing acetylcholine release to shape behaviorally relevant dynamics.
1612h agoLRRK2-I1371V mutation causes glucose-uptake deficits in astrocytes, leading to energy depletion and dysfunction in mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
1612h agoCognitive control uses hierarchical representations to organize contexts, stimuli, and actions, allowing for flexible behavior, and this control is achieved through different neural networks that update at different rates, with context reconfiguration engaging the lateral middle frontal cortex and subordinate rule updating modulated by perceptual input.
1612h agoChronic alcohol exposure causes a hyper-excitatory drive of the claustrum by the anterior cingulate cortex, altering the activity of specific neuron subtypes.
1616h agoImpulsivity in people is linked to how their brains handle uncertainty, and brain areas responsible for decision-making and impulse control interact differently when faced with uncertain situations.
1616h agoThe brain-age gap, a measure of atypical brain development, differs in individuals with ADHD depending on their medication status and developmental stage.
1616h agoChildren's brains develop higher mathematical concepts in the first two years of school by increasing math-related activation, refining neural responses, and expanding representational space.
1616h agoFluctuating sex hormone levels regulate female behavior by modulating specific neurons in the brain, and anterior VMHvlPR+ neurons project to the periaqueductal gray to control rejection behavior during non-receptive phases.
1616h agoThe Agent Cognitive Compressor (ACC) maintains stable behavior in long, multi-turn workflows by using a bounded internal state, resulting in lower hallucination and drift compared to transcript replay and retrieval-based agents.
1620h agoTraining foundation models on human brain data could help overcome current limitations by providing access to elements of human cognition not observable through actions.
1620h agoActivation of the rostral Pedunculopontine nucleus couples motor inhibition with reinforcement-related behavioral circuitry, suggesting its role in coordinating motor suppression with motivational processes.
1620h agoThe primate ventral visual stream transforms visual input into dynamic neural representations that support robust visual perception through intrinsic circuit dynamics, recurrent interactions, and top-down modulation.
1620h agoGrid cells in the brain help keep track of position as one moves about the world through a process called path-integration.
1620h agoPrimate decision-making mechanisms emerged to maximize reward in uncertain situations, and a deep neural network trained on a noisy task shows similar decision-making abilities as primates.
1620h agoCognitive systems, from cells to human-AI collectives, can be analyzed and compared using a unified framework based on organizational and informational dimensions.
1620h agoThe synaptic dynamics of a self-organizing neural network with Hebbian and anti-Hebbian updates converge to a stable state where neural filters span the principal subspace of the input data.
1620h agoIntelligence can emerge from the coordination of multiple semi-independent processes, rather than the optimization of a single objective, allowing for redundancy, ambiguity, and parallel explanations to coexist.
1620h agoThe brain represents the complex properties of words through eight key dimensions, which are encoded in overlapping but distinct cortical systems that work together to support language comprehension.
1620h agoAuditory semantic representations are more closely aligned with neural activity patterns during visual processing than textual representations, and lead to higher decoding accuracy and computational efficiency.
1620h agoMooneyMaker, an open-source Python package, automates the generation of ambiguous Mooney images, allowing researchers to create and compare two-tone images with multiple methods, and producing results that show techniques with lower initial recognizability lead to higher post-template recognition.
1620h agoA 3D TransUNet image synthesis framework predicts diffusion MRI maps from T1-weighted MRI, boosting Alzheimer's disease classification accuracy and improving mild cognitive impairment detection.
1620h agoX-ray microscopy can reconstruct cell bodies within expanded tissue, a first step towards a new imaging method called expansion X-ray microscopy for mapping brain connections.
1620h agoThe endpoint-corrected Hilbert transform reduces boundary artefacts and provides accurate estimates of the instantaneous phase of oscillations, allowing for near-zero mean phase error in real-time applications.
1620h agoA novel chaotic oscillator-based model improves storage and retrieval of associative memories by using chaotic systems to define a phase relationship and encode memory as synchronized states.
1620h agoNeural timescales reflect the relationship between brain structure, dynamics, and behavior, and computational approaches can distill empirical observations into quantitative theories to explain how timescales emerge and function.
1620h agoMemory is stored as a summarized and compressed representation of sensory input, allowing bounded memory to accommodate unbounded sensory information.
1620h agoThe brain organizes visual information into two distinct processing routes: one for scene layout and environment, and the other for animate content.
1620h agoResting-state EEG connectivity patterns are associated with individual differences in creative self-efficacy and creative engagement, with distinct patterns of neural activity linked to higher self-rated creative ability and more frequent engagement in creative activities.
1620h agoMany contemporary theories of consciousness, including those based on causal structure and function, fail to meet requirements of falsifiability and non-triviality, and this especially limits the potential consciousness of Large Language Models (LLMs).
1620h agoThe brain's folding patterns can be integrated into a unified network called the Gyral-Sulcal-Net (GS-Net) that effectively represents diverse cortical folding patterns.
1620h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces reveal that the dynamics of localized excitation patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
1620h agoSLIM-Brain, a new foundation model, improves data and training efficiency for fMRI analysis by introducing a two-stage design that enables it to achieve top performance on diverse tasks while requiring less data and computing power.
1620h agoAnalytic solutions to quasi-continuous-wave four-wave mixing in nonlinear optical fibres are presented using Weierstrass elliptic functions, providing full complex envelopes for all four waves under arbitrary initial conditions.
1620h agoThe sangkuriang Python library solves the Korteweg-de Vries equation to model nonlinear wave physics, including soliton behavior, and provides an accessible and efficient tool for both instructional and research purposes.
1620h agoThe modified Rulkov model, which replaces a control parameter with a memristive function, exhibits multiple neuronal activity regimes, including uniform and chaotic transitions, unlike the original model which reproduces a single regime.
1620h agoThe study investigates how interacting chiral oscillators behave, which have a built-in rotational handedness.
1620h agoParticles escaping from a lemon billiard exhibit a two-stage decay pattern in survival probability, with an initial exponential decline followed by a long-time power-law tail.
1620h agoDouble ramification hierarchies associated with rank-1 F-CohFTs form a 2-parameter family that are bihamiltonian, and some subfamilies are Miura equivalent to the Camassa-Holm or Degasperis-Procesi hierarchies.
1620h agoThe integrability of DN symmetry models depends on the Kaleidoscope Yang-Baxter Equation and is influenced by boundary conditions and subspace symmetry.
1620h agoThe ABS spinor model has a solitary-wave solution with conserved charge, momentum, and energy, and its soliton dynamics under various potentials is qualitatively similar to the Gross-Neveu equation.
1620h agoTemporal interference stimulation elicits a nonlinear response in the Hodgkin-Huxley model, characterized by a hierarchy of sharply modulated tongues with a self-similar architecture, revealing fractal organization in neuronal excitability.
1620h agoThe collapse of the spectral gap in complex dynamical systems drives them toward a low-dimensional attractor, but an adaptive spectral negative coupling framework can stabilize these systems by acting as a state-dependent high-pass filter.
1620h agoCarefully chosen interior observations, even far from the boundary, can suffice for global recovery of the flow field in data assimilation.
1620h agoA physics-guided Deep Echo State Network predicts El Niño-Southern Oscillation up to 16-20 months ahead with minimal computational cost.
1620h agoThe Dirac spectrum in a sine-Gordon soliton background reduces to a Heun-type differential equation, enabling a systematic analysis of spinor bound and scattering states.
1620h agoFlapping flyers in long lines need to adopt specific flapping strategies to maintain a certain separation, and their choice of tactic depends on factors like efficiency and stability.
1620h agoCooperation among firms in supply networks improves their viability, and distributed control through interfirm collaboration enables autonomous control and outperforms centralized control.
1620h agoThe study finds that a nonlinear lattice model exhibits both ergodic and nonergodic regimes, with ergodic behavior occurring in broad parameter ranges outside the Gibbsian regime, and identifies the influence of the nonlinear dispersion parameter on the system's behavior.
1620h agoThe Hamilton-Jacobi equation helps find trajectories of mechanical systems and derive symplectic maps, and its application reveals a difference in solving Hamilton's equations depending on the order of nonlinear kicks and rotations.
1620h agoDifferent physical models of the one-dimensional Vlasov-Poisson equation lead to a unified form of parametric closures, which are polynomial and of the same degree, when expressed in terms of normal variables.
1620h agoParticles form caustics, or extreme clustering, in compressional strain, and particles that experience this type of strain move slower and stay longer in high-strain regions than those that do not form caustics.
1620h agoA soliton can be pumped across a nonzero number of unit cells in a way that doesn't match the Chern number of its Bloch band, due to a transition between different Wannier functions.
1620h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces reveal that the dynamics of localized excitation patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
1620h agoSynchronization in a chain of nonlinear oscillators is linked to increased energy transfer, and phase alignment among consecutive oscillators facilitates the energy cascade.
1620h agoAn integrable map of the plane defines an invariant foliation by level curves that corresponds to a rational elliptic surface of rank 2.
1620h agoTwin-wire laser directed energy deposition can create compositionally graded structures with uniform elemental distribution when a liquid bridge transition mode is used, reducing dimensional fluctuations by 85%.
1620h agoA family of four-dimensional discrete dynamical systems exhibits chaos in the sense of Li-Yorke, and an example exists of a discrete map that is Li-Yorke chaotic but not topologically transitive.
1620h agoA novel chaotic oscillator-based model improves storage and retrieval of associative memories by using chaotic systems to define a phase relationship and encode memory as synchronized states.
1620h agoRelativistic plasmas with two groups of electrons can generate many solitary patterns through modulational instability of electromagnetic waves, which can lead to temporal and spatiotemporal chaos and turbulence.
1620h agoTwo integral representations for the wave functions of the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system are equivalent.
1620h agoThe developed kinetic modeling and discretization strategy accurately simulates compressible flows across all Prandtl numbers and specific heat ratios, ensuring accurate recovery of Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations and demonstrating high accuracy and numerical stability.
1620h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that have no memory, allowing collective activity to be propagated through the system.
1620h agoDefects at topological transitions belong to a new topological universality class when weak disorder is present, different from the class without disorder.
1620h agoPolychronous Wave Computing (PWC) maps spike timings directly to output routes, enabling fast routing in spiking networks using a novel timing-native address-selection method.
1620h agoThe many-body localized phase remains stable against quantum avalanche instabilities when disorder exceeds an interaction-dependent threshold.
1620h agoDisorder can induce topological phases in materials, making them robust against certain disorders and changing their topological properties from a trivial phase.
1620h agoQuasiperiodic disorder has multiple distinct effects on topological phases in a one-dimensional quasiperiodic-potential-modulated mosaic trimer lattice, enhancing the topological phase at 2/3 filling and suppressing it at 1/3 filling.
1620h agoThe CP-PAW code combines electronic structure and molecular dynamics to simulate the behavior of solids, liquids, and molecular systems.
1620h agoA new Car-Parrinello-like approach to Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics is outlined and demonstrated through calculations on liquid water at ambient conditions.
1620h agoOperator delocalization in disordered one-dimensional spin chains is characterized by two measures, operator mass and operator length, which show sharply distinct behaviors in non-interacting and interacting regimes.
1620h agoNonreciprocal interactions between consumers and predators destabilize ecosystems more readily than nonreciprocal interactions between consumers and resources.
1620h agoMetallic glass-forming liquids exhibit dynamic anomalies due to thermodynamic fluctuations near a frustration state of liquid, vapor, and glass.
1620h agoAnisotropic nematic liquid crystals can control the branched flow of light, allowing for configurable and directional channeling of light along preferential paths.
1620h agoA quantum Pontus-Mpemba effect occurs in a dissipative tight-binding chain, enabling faster relaxation through a two-step protocol due to the Liouvillian skin effect.
1620h agoA machine learning framework identifies continuous symmetry generators and their mathematical structure directly from data.
1620h agoThe transfer tensor method reveals that memory effects play a crucial role in localization and transport in disordered systems, and a metric called "outgoing-pseudoflux" can be used to identify signatures of localization and transport.
1620h agoA charged particle in a fluctuating magnetic field undergoes accelerated diffusion when the mean field is non-zero, and can be confined within a finite radius when the mean field vanishes.
1620h agoLocal loops enhance resonant processes and reduce the critical disorder needed for localization, and also increase the spatial extent of localized eigenstates.
1620h agoThe driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard chain exhibits two distinct dynamical regimes, a regular quasilinear regime and a chaotic regime, governed by the interplay between coherent drive, dissipation, and interaction.
1620h agoCrumpling of materials follows a log-Poisson process driven by rare large fluctuations in a slowly stiffening material with a growing length-scale.
1620h agoA large weakly-disordered chain can thermalize a smaller strongly-disordered chain under certain conditions, with three distinct thermalization regimes identified based on the disorder strength of the smaller chain.
1620h agoElectromagnetic waves in pair plasma experience Anderson self-localization, leading to reflection and the formation of trapped wave pockets, due to random density fluctuations created by the waves themselves.
1620h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that have no memory, allowing collective activity to be propagated through the system.
1620h agoA steerable exponentially localized in-gap mode is identified in a quasiperiodic non-Hermitian Aubry-Andr\'e-Harper chain, which can be dynamically prepared from a generic bulk wave packet and steered to different locations by changing the gauge field.
1620h agoPGRN deficiency causes lipid droplets to accumulate in microglia by upregulating the GPAT3 enzyme through STAT3 signaling, leading to cellular dysfunction and neurodegeneration.
1620h agoThe brain uses different pathways to detect looming collisions depending on whether or not a person is paying attention and aware of the stimuli.
1620h agoCold exposure changes the monarch butterfly's brain by making its blood-brain barrier more permeable, which helps to switch its migratory behavior.
1620h agoThe type and timing of signals from certain skin receptors determine how well these signals are processed in the brain.
1620h agoThe Calca gene produces four peptides that have different roles in the body, and research finds that procalcitonin and CGRP may regulate taste signaling and cell regeneration through the CGRP1R receptor.
1620h agoFluctuations in female sex hormones estradiol and progesterone influence motor unit activity, with higher estradiol associated with higher peak discharge rates and higher progesterone associated with changes in discharge rate.
1620h agoNinjurin-1 plays a key role in immune activation and central nervous system infiltration in multiple sclerosis, and blocking it reduces disease severity, immune infiltration, and nerve damage.
1624h agoFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy captures frontoparietal activation patterns during a relational reasoning task, with robust task-evoked activation across lateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, and stable functional connectivity that can be used to study individual differences and longitudinal changes.
1624h agoDiabetic painful neuropathy is a neurodegenerative disorder of the dorsal root ganglion, characterized by early neurodegeneration, Nageotte nodule formation, and changes in non-neuronal cells.
1624h agoPost-activation potentiation involves a complex mix of spinal inhibition and facilitation, with a decrease in H-reflex amplitude and an increase in presynaptic spinal mechanisms, leading to an overall spinal facilitation.
1624h agoSELTA, a compound from a common bacteria, activates PD-1 in sensory neurons, which reduces their excitability and alleviates pelvic pain in mice.
1624h agoAlzheimer's disease is linked to impaired Neuronal RNA Granules (NRGs) homeostasis, which disrupts pathways related to synaptic function and may contribute to neurodegeneration.
1632h agoPeople with borderline personality disorder have lower cognitive empathy and a disrupted relationship between empathy and the brain's ability to simulate touch.
1632h agoConducting extinction across multiple contexts enhances fear reduction and recall compared to a single context, and engages distinct hippocampal-prefrontal circuit dynamics.
1632h agoNoise exposure disrupts spatial hearing and binaural neural circuit function without loss of hair cells or synapses, leading to long-lasting hearing deficits in nonhuman primates.
1632h agoFPmotion software provides a user-friendly platform for processing, integrating, and statistically analyzing fiber photometry data, automating tasks and producing publication-ready figures.
1632h agoMice prone to epilepsy have abnormal sleep patterns, poorly adaptable circadian rhythms, and impaired sleep homeostasis, which increase their vulnerability to seizures and epilepsy.
1632h agoRetrieval training and sleep induce different memory transformations, with retrieval training causing rapid gist extraction and neocortical integration, and sleep selectively maintaining task-relevant episodic and semantic details.
1632h agoDrugs alter dopamine signals in the brain differently in individuals with varying vulnerability to compulsive use, and distinct dopamine patterns are associated with compulsive cocaine and fentanyl use.
1632h agoDiffusion MRI metrics organize into a low-dimensional structure, revealing a reduced set of biophysical properties that govern diffusion behavior in neural tissue, including axonal organization, neurite density, and isotropic diffusion components.
1632h agoThe strength of interactions between the left fusiform gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus is associated with reading ability, with stronger left-sided connections linked to better reading performance.
1632h agoInfant maltreatment leads to long-term changes in serotonin receptors in brain regions involved in emotional and reward processes, which can affect behavior and increase the risk of substance use disorders.
1632h agoA new diffusion MRI pipeline called sf-pediatric enables optimal analysis of white matter development in children's brains from birth to 18 years old by adapting to a child's age.
1632h agoRepeat concussions cause chronic sensory hypersensitivity, which contributes to cognitive impairment, particularly under conditions of increased sensory load.
1632h agoThe brain uses predictions to better respond to external disturbances, combining expected sensory input with actual sensory input to generate motor commands.
1632h agoBile acids directly alter mesolimbic activity by increasing or decreasing cholinergic interneuron firing rate and modulating dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, depending on their concentration.
1636h agoGap junctions, specifically Cx26 and Cx43, play a crucial role in the response of ependymal cells to injury and in regulating their biology.
1636h agoConnectivity, not cell structure, organizes prefrontal function in the mouse brain.
1640h agoAnimals integrate sensory information to survive by finding food, mates, and avoiding predators, which requires coordinated brain activity, and this process is influenced by norepinephrine from the locus coeruleus, with pupil size and cortical norepinephrine dynamics predicting behavioral responses.
1640h agoThe hippocampus uses a specific network state to replay experiences, and a biologically plausible model shows that this replay is controlled by the interactions of specific types of inhibitory neurons and pyramidal cells.
1644h agoHigher neuroticism is linked to greater differences in brain responses, especially during situations that trigger neurotic tendencies.
1644h agoSocial isolation changes the brain's neural dynamics, causing social needs to override hunger drives through oxytocin-dependent modulation, and this effect can persist even after re-socialization.
1644h agoNeural representations of working memory reconfigure over time to support different task goals, becoming more task-dependent and category-specific as the memory delay progresses.
1644h agoThe periaqueductal gray (PAG), a midbrain structure linked to threat processing, plays a role in updating behavior during reversal learning, suppressing previously rewarded actions without explicit punishment.
1644h agoMacaque monkeys' brains represent and implement grammatical rules for problem-solving through neural activity in the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), which encodes structural properties of the rules.
1644h agoSound symbolic words, like "bouba" and "kiki", elicit distinct neural representations in the brain, which correlate with shape judgements and suggest a functional mechanism for sound symbolism.
1660h agoA novel graph neural network estimates local brain age across the cortical surface at high spatial resolution, identifying prefrontal and parietal association cortices as early sites of morphometric aging.
1668h agoExposure to psychoactive substances during pregnancy disrupts brain networks, and a new framework called KOCOBrain identifies related changes in brain structure and function.
1668h agoModeling temporal dynamics in neural signals drives decoding accuracy of visual information from brain activity, and a simple model achieves up to 70% image retrieval accuracy.
1668h agoA biologically inspired neuromodulation controller harmonizes with homeostasis to ensure reliable neuronal function by preserving firing patterns and maintaining intracellular calcium levels.
1668h agoFetal sleep states become clearly observable as the brain matures, with organized cycling between active and quiet sleep emerging at around 80-90% gestation in fetal sheep and baboons, and around 95% gestation in humans.
1668h agoBrain-to-image reconstruction models suffer from output dimension collapse when trained on limited data, but analysis of two common model designs provides guidelines for improving zero-shot reconstruction.
1668h agoFast Weight Programmers (FWPs) use 2D matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage, with synaptic weights that dynamically change over time as a function of input observations.
1668h agoThe coupling of two quantum billiards with chaotic and integrable dynamics causes their eigenstates to mix, leading to deviations in spectral properties that approach those of a fully chaotic system.
1668h agoScarred eigenstates in graphene billiards are localized along periodic orbits in a way that complies with nonrelativistic quantum billiards, not with relativistic quantum systems.
1668h agoDense Associative Memory models exhibit self-organizing dynamics with complex intermittency and scale-free behavior, emerging spontaneously under certain noise intensity and memory load conditions.
1668h agoThe coupling between plasmon polaritons and quantum nanoemitters in a periodic lattice of conducting nanorings leads to a cross-correlation between nanoemitters, causing their internal dynamics to depend on the nanorings' plasma frequency.
1668h agoA mixture of simple chemicals spontaneously self-organizes into compartments that can metabolize, grow, and produce diverse molecules, establishing a possible route to the formation of the first living cells.
1668h agoDecentralization of power generation does not always improve frequency synchronization, and can sometimes lead to a double phase transition in frequency synchronization.
1668h agoSurface curvature shapes spiral wave behavior and contributes to the organization of neural activity in the brain.
1668h agoThis study characterizes the integrability of generalized spin systems in 1+1 dimensions, obtaining Lax representations, gauge equivalent counterparts, and establishing gauge equivalence between some Zhanbota equations and the six Painleve equations.
1668h agoThe orbits of a discrete Painlev\'e equation over finite fields lie on algebraic curves with genus less than or equal to one.
1668h agoReservoir computing accurately identifies the Lyapunov spectrum of a target system, including all negative exponents, by capturing its dynamics and reconstructing dynamical invariants.
1668h agoThis work surveys the properties of real and complex quadratic maps under certain perturbations.
1668h agoThe Lindbladian eigenstate thermalization hypothesis ansatz holds for Markovian open quantum systems, as demonstrated through numerical simulations of several physical models.
1668h agoThe study of integrable structure in string theory gets complicated due to the complex dependence of background fields on superspace coordinates.
1668h agoThe concept of gauged Lagrangian 1-forms is introduced, extending Lagrangian 1-forms to gauge theories, and yields a multiform version of the 3d mixed BF action providing a variational formulation of Hitchin's integrable system.
1668h agoThe four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory can realize integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theories through dynamical coordinate transformations.
1668h agoThe emission of resonant radiation serves as a fundamental mechanism for entropy production in optical systems with solitonic event horizons.
1668h agoTopological edge states persist under strong disorder in a two-dimensional Lieb lattice, alleviating geometric localization in flat bands.
1668h agoStochastic gradient descent prefers flatter, more generalizable solutions because its noise reshapes the loss landscape into an effective potential that favors flat solutions.
1668h agoA discontinuous percolation transition occurs in a bipartite network when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, forming a single macroscopic cluster with a finite fraction of nodes.
1668h agoThe topology of an insulator can be defined even when all its eigenstates are localized, and this leads to a classification of such insulators in all symmetry classes and dimensions.
1668h agoMachine learning models predict electron density in concentrated alloys across composition space, enabling accelerated exploration of material properties.
1668h agoThe Lindbladian eigenstate thermalization hypothesis ansatz holds for Markovian open quantum systems, as demonstrated through numerical simulations of several physical models.
1668h agoThe structural entropy measure, defined as the divergence between Shannon or von Neumann entropy and second-order Renyi entropy, reliably signals quantum regime transitions, including the crossover from localized to chaotic phases in many-body systems.
1668h agoThe Wehrl-Rényi entropy is a subsystem-independent and experimentally measurable characterization of overall entanglement in pure states of N qubits.
1668h agoRelaxation processes in closed quantum many-body systems exhibit universal behavior at late times due to the randomness of chaotic Hamiltonians.
1668h agoThe Wishart-RP ensemble, a deformed version of the Rosenzweig-Porter model, has a similar phase diagram and localization properties, with level compressibility matching the Gaussian RP model.
1668h agoVibrotactile signals improve music processing by helping the brain combine information from hearing and touch, leading to better detection of musical beats and patterns.
1688h agoThe locus coeruleus's release of noradrenaline has distinct, cell-specific effects on hippocampal cells that do not match the brain's activity patterns during natural arousal.
1688h agoThe self-reference effect gives people a better memory for information related to themselves compared to others, and brain stimulation shows that two areas, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex, play a causal role in this effect on memory and metacognition.
1688h agoThe expression levels of specific genes in the brain and neonatal social communication patterns predict variability in later social interaction in a mouse model of a genetic duplication associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
1688h agoSleep helps solidify memories by transferring them from the hippocampus to the cortex through specific brain activity patterns.
1688h agoAstrocytes in the prefrontal cortex play a key role in helping mice cope with stress, and changes in these cells are linked to depression-like behaviors.
1688h agoThe somatosensory system modulates its sensitivity to facilitate sensorimotor control in goal-directed actions, with tactile sensitivity suppressed during reaching but improving around maximum speed.
1688h agoIndividuals with dyslexia have trouble recognizing and anticipating temporal patterns in speech, and they show less accurate sound discrimination, altered temporal prediction abilities, and lower confidence in their auditory perception.
1704h agoPresynaptic trafficking defects are early events in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis, disrupting synaptic protein abundance and increasing vulnerability to dopamine neuron death.
1704h agoThe brain's speech representations maintain information that has disappeared from the sound and ignore variations in how individual sounds are produced.
1704h agoThe human brain follows a universal scaling law, which links population variance to the root mean square of neural activity, and this law changes with synchronized activity across the lifespan.
1720h agoActivation of specific neurons in the brain rapidly shifts the body's fuel use from glucose to fatty acids, and this shift is controlled by a pathway that involves the brain, adrenal hormones, and skeletal muscle.
1720h agoMulti-echo resting-state functional MRI improves reliability and accuracy in mapping individual differences in spontaneous brain activity compared to conventional single-echo rfMRI.
1720h agoTHIK-1 channel in microglia helps sense glucose and regulates feeding and body weight, and its inhibition suppresses feeding and body-weight gain in diet-induced obese mice.
1720h agoHolding one's breath during the preparation period facilitates voluntary movement, especially in highly motivated situations, and this effect can be achieved through intentional breath holding.
1720h agoA brainstem circuit conveys information about external and internal reactions to unpleasant events to the amygdala, instructing emotional memory formation and enhancing defensive behaviors.
1720h agoA new imaging method called SURF-EPI allows simultaneous assessment of arterial inflow, venous outflow, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion at high temporal resolution, revealing distinct flow dynamics in CSF and neurovascular flow.
1720h agoTDP-43 interacts differently with proteins in the cortex and cerebellum, with more interactions in the cortex, which may explain why the cortex is more vulnerable to TDP-43 aggregation in ALS and FTD.
1720h agoPeople perceive objects approaching from behind as moving faster than those approaching from the front.
1720h agoNeuropathic pain causes changes in brain connections that differ between its onset and maintenance phases, with increased connections between sensory and emotional areas at onset and reduced connections within the somatomotor network as pain persists.
1724h agoLH/ZIRXFP3 cells have distinct efferent projection patterns throughout the brain depending on their location within the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta.
1724h agoThe study found that nearly 10% of microRNAs in human sural nerves are dysregulated in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), with 74% of those being downregulated, and that specific microRNAs, such as miR-21-5p, contribute to nerve degeneration by promoting inflammation, apoptosis, and impaired nerve regeneration.
1724h agoDifferences in brain imaging acquisition protocols across distinct age groups lead to biased results in lifespan studies of brain development and aging.
1724h agoPrevious parity alters how females respond to estradiol and metabolic stress in midlife, particularly in APOEe4 females who are more vulnerable to the effects of a Western diet and estradiol.
1724h agoPhysical activity preserves microvascular oxygen delivery and function in aging and Alzheimer's disease by maintaining oxygen levels, preventing vascular damage, and enhancing capillary function.
1724h agoEfficient high-performance states are marked by regulated arousal dynamics, indicated by stable heart rate and pupil diameter, which allow for high performance with low workload in demanding digital activities.
1724h agoThe accumulation of mutant huntingtin proteins leads to the formation of poorly soluble aggregates that mostly colocalize with the proteasome, triggering cellular responses including activation of the proteasome and changes in autophagy system components.
1724h agoMacrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles promote faster resolution of inflammatory pain by reprogramming epigenetic memory in spinal microglia, which is required for their pain-relieving effect.
1724h agoVariants in the ALDH5A1 gene, which affects brain chemistry, have a range of effects on the function of the SSADH enzyme in people with autism spectrum disorder.
1724h agoObservers' guesses when they lack information reflect their knowledge of their own perceptual capacities, not random noise or environmental statistics, and are biased towards feature values they perceive with less precision.
1724h agoStroking touch is most pleasant at medium speeds and gentle forces, but higher forces decrease pleasantness at faster speeds, and tactile intensity increases with both speed and force.
1724h agoCASK gene variants cause neurodevelopmental defects and ocular conditions, including a specific dysfunction of the cone receptor in mice, leading to reduced visual acuity.
1728h agoNeuropixels probes can be safely used in human operating rooms to record neural activity from multiple brain structures at single-neuron resolution.
1740h agoCorrelated noise in neural circuits suppresses the mean network activity, and can also cause the network to switch between high and low activity states.
1740h agoCognitive function is controlled by the collective organization of dynamical time scales, not by microscopic units or precise activity patterns.
1740h agoIntrinsic motivation drives behavior that can't be explained by external rewards, and several theories, including empowerment and information-gain maximization, suggest that it promotes complex behavior through entropic action-state paths.
1740h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity plays a richer computational role than previously thought, enabling presynaptic neurons to detect stimulus onset and reconfigure temporal coding through associative changes in release probability.
1740h agoOptimising representational similarity instead of neural activities leads to a family of convex optimisation problems that can explain various neural coding phenomena.
1740h agoAcute stress impairs response inhibition, but not visual perception or task-switching performance, and affects task prioritization and processing efficiency, with pharmacological manipulation of stress hormones having no moderating effect.
1740h agoA patient with a history of traumatic brain injury developed sporadic Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, which was confirmed through examinations including protein tests, MRI, and EEG.
1740h agoA new array of coupled oscillators can adapt to changing frequencies and perform well in noisy environments, extending the range of vibrational resonance and outperforming conventional denoising methods.
1740h agoA thermodynamical first-order phase transition does not lead to a sharp change in the dynamical chaotic behaviour of a model, as measured by scrambling measures and operator size.
1740h agoThe Moran process model shows that genetic diversity in populations changes based on mutation rates and number of alleles, with a critical mutation rate existing where diversity shifts from low to high.
1740h agoBoundary integrability provides analytic control over field theories with an interface, and an analytic framework for integrable boundaries in two-dimensional sigma-models determines admissible reflection maps.
1740h agoCorrelated noise in neural circuits suppresses the mean network activity, and can also cause the network to switch between high and low activity states.
1740h agoThe symmetry algebras associated with the N-body Calogero-Moser system and its discretization have a complete structure that reveals a nontrivial deformation of the continuous symmetry algebra.
1740h agoAnnealed disorder removes the odd-even dichotomy in synchronization transitions, yielding continuous transitions with universal mean-field scaling in all dimensions, and higher-harmonic interactions make the transition tunable between continuous and discontinuous.
1740h agoCompeting short-range repulsion and long-range attractive forces drive the motion of agents in a plane, leading to a reversible phase transition where uniformly distributed solutions destabilize and form vacuum regions or isolated particle clusters.
1740h agoSwarmalators, which combine swarming and synchronized oscillations, exhibit complex patterns such as clustering and phase waves, influenced by factors like interaction range and frequency distribution.
1740h agoVERT, a new framework, discovers attracting sets from trajectories in complex systems, providing insight into control mechanisms and stability in systems like human running.
1740h agoIntelligence is collective and made of parts that must align with system-level goals, and understanding the dynamics of these aligned parts impacts many fields.
1740h agoThe combination of strong transverse confinement and continuous temporal degrees of freedom accelerates thermalizing scattering events, leading to the thermalization of a classical light beam and potentially enabling simultaneous spatial and temporal beam cleaning.
1740h agoA phase transition in duplication-divergence growing graphs occurs at a specific divergence rate, linked to the largest connected component and influenced by the presence or absence of non-interacting vertices.
1740h agoA robust localization plateau emerges in periodically driven quasiperiodic lattices, independent of static localization properties and drive protocol.
1740h agoThe integral variable range hopping (IVRH) model provides a more stable and physically sound framework for interpreting hopping transport in low-dimensional amorphous materials.
1740h agoA new algorithm generates disordered spatial networks with targeted structural properties, allowing for the creation of networks with tailored characteristics, such as those found in biophotonic networks exhibiting structural color.
1740h agoFinite-rank normal deformations of rotationally invariant non-Hermitian random matrices show emergence and fluctuations of outlier eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvector behavior.
1740h agoA machine-learning strategy accurately determines physical parameters of individual elements in integrated photonics from spectral measurements of the whole system.
1740h agoQuasiperiodic systems exhibit exotic transport regimes, including universal subdiffusive transport in the extended phase, exponential decay in the localized phase, and log-periodic oscillations in the critical phase.
1740h agoOverparameterization improves learning and generalization in shallow neural networks, revealing a double descent phenomenon where generalization improves beyond interpolation in the presence of label noise.
1740h agoA bundle of one-dimensional metallic wires interconnected by semiconducting chains can transition from an insulating phase to a robust metallic phase when the interconnects switch from a trivial to a topological phase.
1740h agoA statistical-computational gap exists in symmetric binary perceptrons, where the satisfiability threshold is around 1.8159 and the algorithmic threshold is around 1.6021.
1740h agoNeural scaling laws emerge even in simple data settings, such as random walks on graphs, without relying on power law structure in the data.
1740h agoA non-Hermitian system's eigenspectrum is completely real when its Hamiltonian has a tridiagonal matrix structure with random nearest-neighbour tunnellings, and this system undergoes a delocalization-localization crossover in finite systems with off-diagonal disorder.
1740h agoA hydrodynamic framework reveals that monitored classical stochastic processes can undergo measurement-induced phase transitions.
1740h agoSymmetries are restored in disordered quantum systems when using a disorder-averaged dynamical map, allowing for efficient numerical simulations.
1740h agoQuantum circuit complexity represents an intrinsic topological distance between topological quantum many-body phases of matter and plays a central role in interpretable manifold learning of topological order.
1740h agoZC4H2 deficiency causes premature neuronal differentiation, impaired neurogenesis, and disrupted neuronal maturation, leading to nervous system pathologies, and restoring ZC4H2 function can improve neuronal development.
1740h agoLong-term experience reorganizes the way neurons interact in the hippocampus, changing the patterns of activity across different subfields and leading to a more coordinated state.
1740h agoHierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT) enables imaging of human organs from whole organ to cellular level, and recent upgrades have improved data quality, resolution, and speed.
1740h agoMovement-induced beta oscillations in one area of the brain spread to a neighbouring area and suppress beta oscillations there.
1740h agoMusical tension patterns predict fluctuations in the neural response to music, and are specifically correlated with how well listeners' brains track the music.
1740h agoSensory-mechanical feedback helps insects with missing legs to regain coordinated walking by re-engaging their natural coordination networks when provided with prosthetic legs that mimic the natural movement.
1744h agoSynaptic depression at low frequency stimulation does not depend on depletion of synaptic vesicles, but rather results from a shift of vesicles within the readily releasable pool from a docked to an undocked state.
1744h agoProximity labelling method tmPhoxID maps the intracellular interactomes of transmembrane proteins, including specific interactions like GABAAR-CAMKV in mouse and human brains.
1744h agoDisrupting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex causes problems with the timing of verbal working memory in older adults, but not with visuospatial working memory.
1744h agoVocalisation-modulated neurons in the auditory cortex differ between inhibitory and pyramidal neurons, with inhibitory cells playing a pivotal role in vocalisation-related activity.
1744h agoAlcohol use disorder is linked to reduced functional connectivity in specific transient brain states, characterized by altered neural activity patterns.
1744h agoTelomere shortening causes microglial senescence, which leads to brain dysfunction by releasing a ligand called sDLK1 that impairs oligodendrocyte and neuronal function.
1748h agoOxygen initiates a cell-signaling pathway that regulates behavioral responses to traumatic stress, with changes in oxygen utilization in certain brain cells determining whether individuals develop mental disorders or are resilient.
1748h agoReducing calcium and magnesium concentrations induces long-term potentiation of intrinsic excitability in CA1 pyramidal neurons through a mechanism that requires calcium-sensing receptor, IP3 receptor, and calcium-calmodulin kinase II.
1748h agoThe g-ratio analysis software, SnapG, automates the measurement of the degree of myelination in nerve fibers from electron micrographs, producing accurate and reproducible results with less user intervention and faster processing times.
1748h agoAstrocytes can restore the ability of neural connections to change after a critical period of development ends, allowing for experience-dependent remodeling of these connections.
1748h agoPsilocybin reverses impaired reward processing in a rat model of depression within 24 hours, with effects lasting at least 7 days.
1748h agoThree biologically distinct subtypes of depression are identified, differing in inflammation, aging, and metabolic profiles, which have different prognoses, symptoms, and risk factors.
1748h agoThe CA1 region of the hippocampus encodes high-resolution event-based memories through trisynaptic projections from CA3 and low-resolution memories through monosynaptic projections from the medial entorhinal cortex.
1748h agoAge is linked to a higher prevalence of MR-visible perivascular spaces in rhesus macaques, which have a similar anatomical distribution to those found in humans.
1748h agoReward context is encoded in the brain as systematic shifts in neural representations, allowing for rapid generalization and flexible control of decision making.
1752h agoTDP-43 proteinopathies, including ALS and FTD, have distinct neuroinflammatory signatures, characterized by region-specific glial activation, microgliosis, and astrocytosis, which may contribute to region-specific vulnerability in these diseases.
1752h agoDeleting the WAVE1 gene reduces tau hyperphosphorylation, improves cognition, and restores homeostatic microglial function in mice with tau pathology.
1752h agoModafinil increases wakefulness and enhances gamma-band power in the brain's front areas, and also strengthens deep sleep by increasing delta power, particularly after the drug wears off.
1752h agoDeep learning model classifies individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder with 56% accuracy using raw resting-state electroencephalogram data.
1752h agoThe choroid plexus uses apocrine secretion to shape the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome during mouse brain development.
1760h agoLesion network mapping links diverse brain lesions to similar functional brain networks, reflecting general brain organization rather than disorder-specific circuits.
1760h agoRepetition coherence shapes the likelihood of forming auditory objects and the consistency of tracking them, with high coherence leading to object formation and stable tracking.
1760h agoMutations in KIF1A disrupt synaptic trafficking and function, causing delayed neurite outgrowth, mislocalized synaptic cargos, and abnormal synapse density, leading to deficits in neuronal activity and possible excitotoxicity.
1760h agoThe dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of people with Tourette disorder shows heightened stress responsivity and altered brain cell activity, which may affect the ability to suppress tics.
1760h agoCerebellar-like networks use specific patterns of connections to prioritize learning of certain tasks over others, with the structure of these connections shaping the network's ability to learn.
1764h agoTAM receptor-ligand interfaces are tuned through subtle electrostatic and geometric optimization, allowing for a conserved yet adaptable framework for modulating phagocytic signaling across species.
1764h agoA new framework turns neuroimaging data into mechanistic insights by testing hypotheses about underlying brain mechanisms and rejecting incorrect ones.
1764h agoThe receptive fields of simple and complex cells in the primary visual cortex can be modeled as velocity-adapted affine Gaussian derivatives that process visual stimuli with different motion directions and speeds.
1764h agoLow-dimensional error signals can be as effective as high-dimensional ones for training deep neural networks, achieving performance matching traditional backpropagation with minimal error dimensionality.
1764h agoThe Mikhailov model is discretized using the Cauchy matrix approach, resulting in a coupled system with explicit solutions including solitons and multiple-pole solutions.
1764h agoThe local conserved quantities of the spin-$1/2$ XYZ chain have matrix product operator representations that simplify their coefficients and reveal a connection to Catalan numbers.
1764h agoA method assesses memory capability of real devices and proposes a path for engineers to create devices with deep associated memory capability by utilizing properties of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking.
1764h agoThe study presents the dynamics of bright solitons in an inhomogeneous fibre using a variable coefficient Fokas-Lenells equation, and obtains soliton solutions and investigates their collision dynamics and nonlinear tunnelling.
1764h agoThe solution to the Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation is a null function, as confirmed by multiple representations including spectral solutions, expansions, and Fujita type solutions.
1764h agoThe geodesics of pp-wave spacetimes with polynomial profiles exhibit the Wada property, and their unpredictability increases with the polynomial degree.
1764h agoThe Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis explains thermalization in isolated quantum systems through statistical properties of observables in the energy eigenbasis.
1764h agoFinite-system size affects the dynamics of weakly nonlinear random gravity-capillary surface waves, with varying confinement altering spectral properties, wave turbulence, and depleting two-dimensional three-wave resonant interactions.
1764h agoThe difference in Lagrangian descriptor values between two neighboring trajectories offers a direct and intuitive measure of dynamical behavior, accurately detecting chaos in dynamical systems.
1764h agoA new deep learning model, DBResNet-50, accurately classifies seven dynamical regimes in time series data, including periodic, chaotic, and noisy patterns, and infers the contributions of deterministic and stochastic components within a signal.
1764h agoSpace-time modulation in an electro-mechanical system creates a variety of breathers, including Floquet breathers, with different frequencies and symmetries, and their stability evolves with modulation frequency.
1764h agoThe elliptic Calogero-Inozemtsev system of BCn type has a proposed R-matrix valued generalization for its 2n x 2n Lax pair.
1764h agoAnts' navigation of chemical trails can be explained by a physical model that treats chemotaxis as a magnetic interaction between the ant's velocity and the local chemical gradient.
1764h agoMeasuring mesoscales at high frequencies improves the prediction of large and small-scale variables in turbulent systems, and the Ensemble Kalman Filter method is effective in achieving this improvement with relatively low computational complexity.
1764h agoThe Spectral Submanifolds theory accurately predicts complex dynamics and bifurcations in mechanical systems, including those with delay and spatial discretization, as demonstrated in a Furuta pendulum under control with delay.
1764h agoThe classical elliptic ${\rm BC}_1$ Ruijsenaars-van Diejen model with 8 independent coupling constants can be described by a pair of ${\rm BC}_1$ type classical Sklyanin algebras generated by the classical quadratic reflection equation.
1764h agoAlmost all particles in amorphous solids contribute to the Boson peak, challenging the idea that it is caused by a minority of particles.
1764h agoThe R-transforms used in non-Hermitian random matrices originate from a single scalar function of two variables, providing a new way to compute R-transforms.
1764h agoMany-body localization is a robust example of ergodicity breaking in interacting systems, and it can be studied with different types of disorder, including random and quasiperiodic disorder.
1764h agoAmorphous selenium's transport and avalanche response in lateral geometries at low temperatures is characterized by field-resolved photocurrent measurements, showing how its behavior changes with temperature and field strength.
1764h agoProbabilistic computers built from p-bits can solve dense combinatorial optimization problems quickly and efficiently by using graph sparsification and parallel tempering.
1764h agoThermal conductivity in one-dimensional harmonic chains scales with system size based on either mass disorder or bond disorder, not their cross-correlations.
1764h agoThe driven and dissipative Haldane model evolves into a time-periodic quasi-steady state with a non-quantized Chern number, but still shows remnants of its underlying band topology.
1764h agoThe Hopfield model unifies core topics from statistical physics, dynamical systems, linear algebra, and computational methods, and connects fundamental physics to contemporary AI applications.
1764h agoMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets serve as a platform to uncover small amounts of disorder, and spectroscopic lines reveal the presence of dilute vacancies as the source of disorder.
1764h agoThe Drift-Diffusion Network (DDNet) solves the drift-diffusion equations for semiconductor device modeling, accurately addressing both forward and inverse problems with minimal computational cost.
1764h agoThe Wehrl-Rényi entropy is a subsystem-independent and experimentally measurable characterization of overall entanglement in pure states of N qubits.
1764h agoA gene network in the brain that responds to stress makes people more likely to develop depression, especially in females who experience adversity in early life.
1764h agoMutations in the SHANK3 gene disrupt normal brain activity patterns that prepare for voluntary movements, leading to impaired motor planning.
1764h agoChildhood trauma alters the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition in the brain, leading to increased excitation and decreased inhibition.
1764h agoIncreased 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels in the hippocampus may predict early response to fluoxetine in treating depression.
1764h agoOlder adults have lower initial trust and learn less about who to trust, which is linked to differences in brain function and a higher risk of poor social relationships and well-being.
1768h agoLARI-1.0 and LARI-mini implants enable long-term, high-fidelity neural recordings during naturalistic behavior in mice with excellent mechanical stability and minimal motion-related artifacts.
1768h agoA hyperactive circuit between the medial prefrontal cortex and dorsomedial striatum disrupts normal brain signaling, leading to cognitive inflexibility in early-stage Alzheimer's disease.
1768h agoThe term generative model has different meanings in human neuroimaging, with users agreeing on some functional criteria but disagreeing on specific methods and evaluative priorities.
1768h agoMice with altered nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have impaired emotion recognition and prosocial behaviors, with effects varying by sex and receptor type.
1772h agoThe NEuRT model, a machine learning tool based on BERT architecture, analyzes high-dimensional neuronal data, interprets complex neuronal interactions, and effectively reconstructs activity from various types of microscopy.
1772h agoSingle-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to the left prefrontal cortex changes local field potentials and connectivity across prefrontal, parietal, and temporal cortical regions in a dose-dependent manner.
1772h agoTwo distinct groups of brain cells in the striatum, a type of medium spiny neuron, store opposing memories of drug use and recovery, with one group promoting relapse and the other suppressing it.
1772h agoChildren with minimally verbal autism access global visual structure, but tend to focus on local elements in spontaneous responses, and may underweight global information when faced with ambiguous stimuli.
1772h agoPupil size reflects moment-to-moment fluctuations in imagery vividness, with larger pupils occurring during imagined darkness and smaller pupils during imagined brightness, especially for vividly imagined stories.
1772h agoThe intention to intercept a moving target determines the change in corticospinal excitability during planning, while eye movements affect perceptual accuracy and behavioral performance.
1772h agoEngineered nanobodies, specifically Nb64, can control opioid receptor activity with subcellular precision, suppressing downstream signaling and opioid actions in cells and mice.
1772h agoThe freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease is caused by a breakdown in the organization of brain activity in the mesencephalic locomotor region, marked by abnormal alpha-band surges and beta-band modulation.
1772h agoCross-brain transfer improves decoding performance in brain-computer interfaces by using neural activity recordings from previous users, especially when training data from the new user is limited.
1776h agoTime cells in the human brain fire in sequences that encode memory and elapsed time, supporting working memory.
1780h agoThe order in which people learn different types of tasks influences their memory consolidation, not the shared structure of the tasks.
1780h agoThe intraparietal sulcus shows a contralateral preference for saccade planning and execution and has a large-scale organization of preferred saccade tuning width.
1784h agoMotor cortical involvement in movement shows rapid, discrete state transitions, and its engagement is sustained under conditions of sensorimotor uncertainty but dissipates when actions and outcomes become predictable.
1784h agoPredictive coding dynamics in a convolutional neural network improve its performance on misspelled words, making it more similar to human brain function.
1784h agoMice with a specific genetic mutation exhibit deficits in behavioral flexibility and show increased repetitive behavior, indicating a link between the mutation and autism-like symptoms.
1784h agoDirect-pathway medium spiny neurons in the dorsomedial striatum inhibit cholinergic interneurons, inducing a characteristic acetylcholine dip-rebound, which encodes the relationship between actions and outcomes during learning.
1784h agoActivating the KCC2 gene helps reduce symptoms of Rett syndrome, including seizures, motor coordination problems, and social behavior issues, in mice with the disorder.
1784h agoSubcortical inputs from the substantia nigra pars reticulata strongly inhibit thalamocortical cells in the ventromedial thalamus, which then channel these inputs to specific inhibitory networks in the medial prefrontal cortex.
1784h agoNeuromechanical digital twins, which combine artificial neural controllers with realistic body models, help researchers understand animal behavior by revealing hidden biophysical variables, generating new testable hypotheses, and advancing healthcare.
1788h agoTraining attention under sensory competition changes the perceived contrast of visual stimuli, with stimuli at the trained location appearing higher in contrast and those at untrained locations appearing lower.
1788h agoThe brain's folding patterns can be integrated into a unified network called the Gyral-Sulcal-Net (GS-Net) that effectively represents diverse cortical folding patterns.
1788h agoAmyloid beta proteins and cerebrovascular pathology mutually reinforce each other, and a whole-brain model shows that a large amount of amyloid beta is needed to trigger Alzheimer's disease, which can also be started by localized reduced blood flow caused by injury.
1788h agoRandomized filtering preserves the underlying geometry of high-dimensional data while reducing its complexity, making it easier to store, transmit, and process.
1788h agoEnhancing the function of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) mitigates procrastination by increasing the valuation of future rewards.
1788h agoSynaptic weights follow a stochastic process due to randomness in neural activity, requiring a probabilistic framework to understand noisy synaptic dynamics in learning.
1788h agoA WaveNet-based deep learning model classifies intracranial electroencephalography signals into physiological activity, pathological activity, power-line noise, and other non-cerebral artifacts with high accuracy.
1788h agoA wave kinetic equation with non-zero interaction coefficient is derived for the Kaup-Boussinesq system, describing wave turbulence in one-dimensional shallow water waves.
1788h agoA new neural network architecture accurately identifies and controls spatiotemporal chaos in complex reaction-diffusion systems by directly incorporating wave-like physics into its structure.
1788h agoNonlinear threshold-cascade dynamics in connected interaction networks enable persistent functional organization to emerge in complex systems, allowing structured responses to accumulate and persist near a critical connectivity threshold.
1788h agoThe covariant Hamiltonian formulation of the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Tulczyjew-Dixon dynamics shows that Liouville-Arnold integrability at quadratic order in spin persists for black-hole-like objects but not for material or exotic compact objects.
1788h agoA rigorous formulation of agent-based SIR epidemic dynamics shows that stochastic interactions on networks lead to complex systemic behavior, and lockdown measures have a significant impact on epidemic spread.
1788h agoA traveling wave of spin waves can leave behind a transformed ground state in a triangular Heisenberg antiferromagnet by rotating the spins within their plane through a geometric phase.
1788h agoThe energy of large-scale hydroelastic turbulent waves decays as a power law in time when they are in a state of statistical equilibrium and then allowed to freely decay.
1788h agoRecurrence Pattern Correlation (RPC) measures the correlation degree of recurrence patterns to identify localized structures in time series dynamics, providing a more flexible tool to analyze nonlinear systems.
1788h agoExceptional periodic classical trajectories in chaotic many-body systems have surprisingly strong and nontrivial stability dependencies on interaction constants and chain lengths, and their quantum counterparts exhibit quantum many-body scars with slow thermalization.
1788h agoA remarkable submodel of the dispersionless Nyzhnyk equation is associated with a family of one-dimensional subalgebras and has a large family of invariant solutions expressed in terms of an arbitrary function of time and the double quadrature of the general solution of the inviscid Burgers equation.
1788h agoTwo integral representations for the wave functions of the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system are equivalent.
1788h agoThe quantum hard-rods model shows Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior, with calculations revealing universal features of low energy physics of a gapless quantum fluid.
1788h agoRogue waves form in a one-dimensional quantum droplet environment, and their generation can be controlled using specific protocols for potential use in ultracold atom experiments.
1788h agoA general method reveals that correlations in systems with low-energy excitations decay exponentially along the longitudinal dimension, and the lower critical dimension of Ising spin glasses is found to match expectations from Replica Symmetry Breaking and Droplet models.
1788h agoA one-dimensional quantum system with a Cantor-type fractal potential exhibits a quantum spectrum that reflects the self-similar geometry of the potential, with hierarchical energy levels, a bimodal level-spacing distribution, and critical eigenstates.
1788h agoThe eigenstate thermalization hypothesis needs generalization near thermal first-order phase transitions, where eigenstates at the same energy density can have distinct expectation values.
1788h agoActivated relaxation processes in disordered systems, such as structural glasses and certain spin glasses, involve a rich variety of instantons, including nucleation-like and single-particle hopping-like events.
1788h agoSpin-current noise dominates the motion of skyrmions in typical racetrack memory devices up to room temperature, affecting their propagation and detection.
1788h agoThe limit free energy of spin-glass models with non-convex interactions can be represented as a critical value of an explicit functional.
1788h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model's phase diagram shows that its second moment of overlap distribution has an asymptotic value when couplings thermalize at different time scales.
1788h agoSynaptic weights follow a stochastic process due to randomness in neural activity, requiring a probabilistic framework to understand noisy synaptic dynamics in learning.
1788h agoThe glass transition can be predicted from changes in the realizability landscape of the structure factor, not just the structure factor itself.
1788h agoThe first-move advantage in Chess960 gives White a near-universal edge of +0.30 pawns, and the complexity of opening moves varies greatly across different starting positions, with some openings burdening White and others Black.
1788h agoMagnetoencephalography (MEG) can reliably track hippocampal theta oscillations, allowing for potential non-invasive treatments of memory disorders.
1788h agoTranscutaneous nerve stimulation causes a nonlinear adaptation in the cortex, where temporal spacing prevents neural saturation and leads to temporal potentiation with a transition from sparse to widespread activation across the sensorimotor network.
1788h agoPersistent cognitive, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms after COVID-19 infection are linked to changes in brain structure, particularly in regions connected to networks involving serotonin, cannabinoids, and other signalling pathways.
1788h agoA specific brain pathway, the lateral supramammillary nucleus-medial septum projection, is active during REM sleep and is essential for consolidating memories, especially social and fear memories.
1788h agoRestoring progranulin in microglia improves brain function and behavior in a model of frontotemporal dementia caused by progranulin deficiency.
1788h agoPiezo1 in microglia promotes neuroinflammation and worsens brain injury after a stroke by regulating immune cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine release.
1788h agoPeople with post-COVID-19 syndrome have changes in brain oxygen metabolism and blood flow, particularly increased metabolism in the hippocampus and decreased metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex, which relate to cognitive performance and depressive symptoms.
1788h agoOptical event horizons produce entropy through the emission of resonant radiation, which is a key mechanism for irreversibility, and this process follows a generalized second law of thermodynamics.
1792h agoThe random barrier model explains time-temperature scaling of conductivity spectra in disordered solids through thermally activated hopping of noninteracting particles.
1792h agoNew algorithms compute the stabilizer R\'enyi entropy and mana, which measure how far a quantum state departs from the stabilizer set, at a cost of $O(N d^{2N})$, improving on previous methods.
1792h agoThe new Quantitative Structure of Curve Analytical model can distinguish the dopamine receptor-mediated mechanism of cocaine-induced locomotor activity from that of caffeine-induced locomotor activity.
1792h agoThe anterior insula cortex (aIC) activity increases when rats choose alcohol over social reward and this activity is linked to the rats' preference for alcohol.
1792h agoPost-COVID-19 syndrome is associated with changes in brain activity, marked by a shift from externally oriented attentional states to internally focused states, which may lead to reduced cognitive flexibility.
1792h agoRepeated mild traumatic brain injuries cause long-lasting changes in the bone marrow, leading to impaired immunity, metabolic dysfunction, and accelerated aging.
1796h agoSleep disruptions during abstinence from cocaine contribute to increased cocaine seeking, and restoring sleep can prevent this increase and normalize changes in dopamine transmission.
1796h agoA gene called domino, which is linked to autism spectrum disorder, disrupts social behavior, sleep, and activity in fruit flies by affecting gene expression and synaptic communication.
1796h agoMultisensory integration remains functional but changes as alertness declines, with the brain's ability to combine sensory information across senses being preserved but with some alterations in processing.
1796h agoA homeostatic rule that balances excitation and inhibition enables a brain model to adapt to environmental changes, reproduce brain activity, and generate different states of consciousness.
1796h agoNeuropathic pain is maintained by spinal cord changes that involve an immune-associated metabolic state with increased lactic acid and decreased fatty acid metabolism.
1796h agoAstrocytes' calcium signaling has a refractory period that temporarily suppresses its response to neuronal activity after repeated stimulation.
1796h agoTime perception depends on the rate at which dopamine accumulates, not on its absolute levels, and dopamine accumulation dynamics play a key role in temporal cognition.
1796h agoFluorescent nanodiamonds provide a reliable and reusable way to measure the spatial resolution of two-photon microscopy systems.
1796h agoThe imbalance of dopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the brain contributes to social deficits in Fragile X Syndrome, and rebalancing these neurons with certain compounds can relieve behavioral impairments.
1796h agoLRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of ArfGAP1 impairs its normal function, leading to changes in Golgi fragmentation, neurite outgrowth, and neuronal toxicity, and suggests ArfGAP1 as a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.
1796h agoA new odor sampling bag system provides precise control of odorant concentration, producing higher maximum perceptual intensities and greater test-retest reliability than traditional methods.
1796h agoAligning structural MR images to a standard AC-PC space enhances anatomical consistency in neuroimaging studies, but manual realignment is often needed due to discrepancies between different versions of AC-PC spaces.
1796h agoOlder adults have less ability to recall learned movements and adapt to environmental changes, and instead rely on attentional resources rather than automatic control of walking.
1796h agoCortical neural activity waves have a hierarchical organization, with large-scale plane waves dominating and local patterns handling local computation, and their dynamics are guided by anatomy and linked to functional networks and neurodevelopment.
1796h agoLenacapavir, a long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis, does not adversely affect the menstrual cycle in mice and may be a viable option for women and girls concerned about its impact on their cycle.
1796h agoFTD-associated tau mutations impair protein synthesis by slowing ribosomal elongation speed, which ultimately impairs memory-associated translation and contributes to neurodegenerative diseases.
1796h agoA set of 24 neurons can be organized in a fully symmetric 3D polygonal network that embodies corruption-resistant dynamics.
1796h agoA neural network model simulates the time required for visual insight by coupling a deep neural network with a recurrent neural network that implements a chaotic search process.
1796h agoDetectable changes in EEG patterns occur at specific TMS intensities, providing a basis for individualized stimulation dosing to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reliability.
1796h agoSleep deprivation and dual-task walking affect gait in different ways, with sleep deprivation increasing step time and length, and dual-task walking reducing variability, but not fully due to reduced cognitive resources.
1800h agoA dietary amino acid called L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZE) found in some foods, including sugar beet, can trigger the onset of ALS in people with a genetic susceptibility to the disease.
1800h agoTunicates' central nervous system degeneration during metamorphosis shares molecular pathways with human neurodegeneration, including autophagy and mTOR pathway, and actin cytoskeleton organization.
1800h agoMAPLE, a pairwise-learning framework, enables reliable and privacy-preserving prediction of epigenetic age and disease risk for advancing methylation-based health assessment.
1804h agoDeep matrix factorization framework SPEED uses atlas-level single-cell epigenomic data to denoise spatial epigenomics data.
1804h agoLapatinib reduces postoperative pain and inflammation by suppressing proinflammatory mediators and does not appear to carry the same risk of dependence as opioid analgesics.
1804h agoExplicit reward reduces sensitivity to sensory prediction errors, attenuating implicit motor adaptation, particularly when task structure allows consistent associations between actions and rewards.
1808h agoNMDA receptors play a critical role in generating history-dependent biases that influence perceptual decisions.
1808h agoGBA1 deficiency causes cell-type specific effects, with neurons showing impaired endolysosomal trafficking and increased alpha-synuclein oligomerization, and astrocytes showing neurotoxic reactivity.
1808h agoSox8 and Sox9 govern the proper laminar positioning and maturation of retinal Muller glia, but are not required for their development or repression of neurogenic competence.
1808h agoAging changes differ across layers of the prefrontal cortex, a brain region essential for cognitive function, and spatial transcriptomics analysis reveals these layer-specific aging mechanisms.
1808h agoDeep cognitive attention is linked to heightened gamma oscillations and coordinated visual behavior in specific brain regions, including frontopolar, temporal, and parieto-occipital areas.
1812h agoThe human brain's imperfections, such as noise and irregularities, are evolutionary adaptations that give it robustness, creativity, and adaptability, rather than flaws to be overcome.
1812h agoThe action potential's digital component in neuron signaling has a biophysical nature that is fundamentally distinct from its representation as a set of discrete events in spike trains.
1812h agoBrain charts can now track individual brain changes over time, predicting transitions from mild cognitive impairment to dementia more accurately by using multiple time points.
1812h agoDeeperBrain, a neuro-grounded foundation model, achieves state-of-the-art performance in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) by integrating domain-specific inductive biases and biophysical principles of neural activity into its design.
1812h agoA novel continuous energy landscape framework that uses Graph Neural Networks to learn from full signal values improves the accuracy of neural dynamics modeling and predictions of brain functions.
1812h agoA normative framework shows that agents learn best when they balance learning speed with costs of effort and instability by using a closed-loop controller to maximize cumulative performance.
1812h agoGeneralized Latent Equilibrium (GLE) enables fully local spatio-temporal credit assignment in physical networks of neurons, allowing efficient information storage and processing through biologically plausible approximations of backpropagation.
1812h agoSMOTE-based data augmentation yields the highest classification accuracies for neuronal cell types, outperforming deep generative models like GANs, VAEs, and others.
1812h agoMany contemporary theories of consciousness, including those based on causal structure and function, fail to meet requirements of falsifiability and non-triviality, and this especially limits the potential consciousness of Large Language Models (LLMs) because their functional equivalence to other systems makes them ineligible for a valid theory of consciousness.
1812h agoBiological details in the brain constrain the set of plausible algorithms, producing brain-like models that predict brain responses down to single-neuron tuning.
1812h agoEEG models can predict brain activity measured by fMRI with statistical significance, but their predictive power is impaired for spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity and for models trained on data from a different session.
1812h agoThe "surface wave" and "axoplasmic pressure wave" models describe the same mechanical process accompanying action potential propagation, storing energy in elastic axon components and kinetic energy in axoplasmic fluid.
1812h agoHuiduRep, a self-supervised representation learning framework, extracts features from extracellular recordings that are robust to noise and drift, enabling accurate spike sorting without ground truth labels.
1812h agoSelf-oscillations of magnetization occur in a magnetic double tunnel junction due to self-induced torque, and the frequency and power of these oscillations depend on the current and field-like torque.
1812h agoThe Volterra lattice with a bias term has dynamics that include travelling wave solutions for directed 5- and 6-cycles and stationary "frozen wave" solutions for directed 4-, 6-, and 8-cycles.
1812h agoA frequency-adaptive learning Duffing system achieves optimal vibrational resonance performance by adjusting its natural frequency through a learning rule, making it more stable and responsive to weak signals.
1812h agoMultiple groups of oscillators with distinct mean frequencies coexist in states called frequency clusters, which are created by homoclinic bifurcations and can lose phase-synchrony through transcritical or period-doubling bifurcations.
1812h agoThe totally non-negative pfaffian is defined for a skew-symmetric matrix with all sub-pfaffians being non-negative, and it appears in the pfaffian structure of $\tau$-function for non-singular web solitons of the BKP equation.
1812h agoThese notes provide a basis for an elementary lecture course on integrable systems, covering topics such as the Arnold-Liouville theorem and Hamiltonian methods in soliton theory.
1812h agoA community challenge is introduced to compare data-driven methods for compression, forecasting, and sensing of complex aerospace flows.
1812h agoA new mathematical model describes the dynamics of unemployment with a discouraged working population using five dynamic variables: unskilled and skilled unemployed individuals, discouraged individuals, employed persons, and job vacancies.
1812h agoThe classical elliptic ${\rm BC}_1$ Ruijsenaars-van Diejen model with 8 independent coupling constants can be described by a pair of ${\rm BC}_1$ type classical Sklyanin algebras.
1812h agoA phase transition in duplication-divergence growing graphs occurs at a specific divergence rate, and the presence or absence of non-interacting vertices affects this transition.
1812h agoThe algorithm finds asymmetries in information flow across wavenumbers in a weakly turbulent system, reflecting forward and inverse cascades, and provides quantitative insight into multi-wave mixing dynamics.
1812h agoEighteen distinct dynamical invariants in the Lorenz system are classified into three regularization classes, with Class III invariants acting as geometric probes of lobe-switching and exhibiting elevated kurtosis and heavy tails in the chaotic regime.
1812h agoThe reflective homeostatic dynamics provides a minimal mechanism for self-organized criticality in neural systems, where fluctuation effects are dynamically regularized and response-driven adaptation attracts the system toward a protected critical surface.
1812h agoThe Vicsek model exhibits a phase transition from many clusters to a few clusters as noise increases, with the number of clusters changing from thousands to one.
1812h agoA dynamical-systems framework reveals that the interplay of control, network structure, and noise helps maintain stability during gestation and sensitivity near parturition, and identifies preterm labor as a boundary-crossing phenomenon arising from control failure.
1812h agoIntegrable systems relax to a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), and an experiment confirms the emergence of a GGE in a photonic system.
1812h agoNonlinear recurrence is not always necessary for sequence modeling tasks, and sparse nonlinearity can improve interpretability, promote shared representations, and reduce computational cost.
1812h agoConformable derivatives model critical phenomena near continuous phase transitions, exhibiting power-law behavior in thermodynamic observables and capturing experimental data from niobium with excellent fits.
1812h agoDyMixOp, a novel neural operator framework, transforms infinite-dimensional nonlinear PDE dynamics into a finite-dimensional latent space, capturing nonlinear interactions and improving physical interpretability.
1812h agoThe large N limit of spectral duality exists between rational Gaudin models, which corresponds to a 2d hydrodynamics integrable field theory on a torus described by a noncommutative torus algebra.
1812h agoScientists create and study bright matter-wave solitons in optical lattices using an optical accordion lattice with tunable spacing.
1812h agoThe emission of resonant radiation at optical event horizons serves as a fundamental mechanism for entropy production, allowing optical event horizons to act as consistent nonequilibrium thermodynamic systems.
1812h agoFully connected Blume-Emery-Griffiths neural networks can switch from serial recall to parallel recall of patterns due to dilution in the patterns, allowing for multi-tasking capability.
1812h agoChemical processes can perform in-context learning through a mechanism called subspace projection, allowing them to infer task-specific rules from a sequence of examples.
1812h agoNeural quantum states have a loss landscape that allows independently trained models to be connected by paths in parameter space with essentially no energy barrier.
1812h agoThe unidirectional Hatano-Nelson chain has a complex eigenvalue spectrum that forms a single loop which splits into two loops as disorder increases, and its eigenstates are exponentially localized.
1812h agoThe Hopfield model unifies core topics from statistical physics, dynamical systems, linear algebra, and computational methods, providing a framework that connects fundamental physics to contemporary AI applications.
1812h agoThe random barrier model explains universal time-temperature scaling of conductivity spectra in disordered solids through thermally activated hopping of noninteracting particles over random energy barriers.
1812h agoA non-Hermitian Aubry-Andr\'e-Harper lattice with quasiperiodicity features two in-gap boundary modes with sharply different responses to a spatially varying imaginary gauge field.
1812h agoNew algorithms compute the stabilizer R\'enyi entropy and mana, which measure non-stabilizerness, or "magic," in quantum states, in a much faster time of $O(N d^{2N})$ for pure states given as state vectors.
1812h agoA single critical value $t_\mathrm{c}$ marks the onset of both color symmetry breaking and the transition to ferromagnetism in the Potts spin glass with additional ferromagnetic interaction.
1812h agoGlasses exhibit non-equilibrium aging dynamics due to their complex energy landscapes, and a generalized trap model predicts that weak ergodicity breaking occurs prior to strong ergodicity breaking upon cooling.
1812h agoDeep thermalisation of mixed states happens when maximum-entropy ensembles on a subsystem emerge after tracing out auxiliary degrees of freedom, and this process occurs dynamically in generic chaotic systems.
1812h agoThe structural entropy measure, defined as the divergence between Shannon or von Neumann entropy and second-order Renyi entropy, effectively signals quantum regime transitions and identifies critical regions in many-body systems.
1812h agoThe introduction of a single magnetic impurity into a honeycomb lattice generates chirality and causes chirality reversal at a critical magnetic field strength.
1812h agoGlial cells respond to stressors and inflammatory stimuli in a cell-type specific way, and their activation is orchestrated through intercellular signaling across cell types, mirroring natural multicellular dynamics in brain tissue.
1812h agoNatural-object morphs are discriminated faster and more accurately than artificial gratings because local colour and texture information play a more important role in discrimination than global shape.
1812h agoMassage triggers oxytocin release, which acts on spinal neurons to enhance well-being, reduce pain, and shape touch reward through a single circuit mechanism.
1812h agoThe dataset provides detailed brain imaging information for 33 autistic adults and 34 comparison participants, allowing for investigation of individual differences in brain function and organisation in autism.
1812h agoThe hypothalamus drives systemic aging through neuroimmune-mediated mechanisms involving T cell infiltration and microglia activation.
1812h agoHead direction cells in the brain's internal compass are disrupted when an animal's head is fixed in place, and this disruption alters the cells' normal activity patterns.
1812h agoBoundary vector cells in the subiculum encode future states of an animal's behavior, with their firing patterns aligned with future positions, and they do so at multiple scales.
1812h agoCNO impairs hippocampus-dependent memory formation, while Compound 21 does not, even in the absence of DREADD expression.
1812h agoInterferon-gamma exposure activates LRRK2 in human microglia by inducing a specific signaling pathway that increases LRRK2 expression, and this regulatory mechanism differs between humans and mice.
1816h agofMRI provides the most accurate decoding of visual representations, followed by MEG and then EEG, under matched experimental conditions using a unified decoding framework.
1816h agoGABAergic neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus and retrorubral fields have distinct morphologies and locations in the human brain, modulating dopamine neuronal excitability.
1816h agoLower levels of ANKS1B in the brain contribute to the escalation of cocaine intake by affecting a specific molecular pathway that controls gene expression.
1816h agoIschemia-induced microvascular dysfunction after stroke is driven by calcium dysregulation in precapillary sphincters and pericyte loss, leading to persistent neurovascular uncoupling.
1816h agoEye gaze can be estimated from fMRI data using a deep neural network model, and this method is more reliable when used with group data rather than individual data.
1820h agoThe 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification is prevalent in neurons and enriched in actively transcribed genes, introns, and enhancers in the human brain.
1820h agoLearning a motor sequence interferes with recall of an episodic timeline that has the same timing structure, suggesting some overlap in the mechanisms that encode timing information between memory systems.
1820h agoParental exercise before mating changes offspring body weight and composition, and influences their brain development and growth, by affecting their brain's regulation of body weight and energy balance.
1820h agoGliotransmitter release from glial cells is not necessary for the formation, maintenance, and decline of courtship memory in Drosophila.
1820h agoSemaglutide reduces neuroinflammation by preventing brain infiltration of neutrophils, suppressing excessive cytokine release, and regulating anti-inflammatory signaling through a subset of Glp1r-expressing neurons.
1820h agoChildhood trauma impacts mental imagery through distinct autonomic mechanisms, with physical and emotional abuse linked to heightened autonomic reactivity and emotional neglect linked to reduced autonomic reactivity.
1820h agoMesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles prevent pain-causing nerve sensitization through cellular uptake and gene regulation by microRNAs.
1824h agoRecurrent coupling in neural circuits strongly amplifies oscillations in the 30-80 Hz frequency range, but does not support bistability, according to a test of connectome-to-dynamics hypotheses using a simple forensic workflow.
1824h agoPeople with schizophrenia have difficulty experiencing time continuity at a millisecond level, which affects their ability to benefit from increased delays between visual stimuli.
1824h agoOcular inflammation increases with age across multiple segments of the eye, including the anterior segment, retina, and posterior segment, and is associated with correlated increases in proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1beta.
1828h agoAmyloid-beta accumulation at synapses is driven by physiological APP expression in neurons, and its quantity and structural maturation are regulated by aging and ApoE genotype.
1828h agoTheta power in the brain increases before slow oscillations, and this increase can predict the occurrence and spatial extent of these oscillations, which are important for memory consolidation and cortical communication.
1828h agoThe enzyme Cyp46a1 in the hypothalamus regulates body weight, and its overexpression protects against diet-induced obesity and improves glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.
1828h agoThe spinal cord has distinct circuits made up of different types of neurons that are organized in specific patterns and communicate with each other in unique ways.
1828h agoSpontaneous brain activity is highly stereotyped across individuals at the level of functional cell assemblies and can be reliably captured through a common latent code.
1828h agoDeliberately modifying breathing patterns boosts parasympathetic activity, which increases risky choices by enhancing reward sensitivity and altering activity in key brain regions.
1828h agoKdm5 deficiency reduces gut microbial abundance and impairs social behavior, and different microbiota-based interventions have strain- and phenotype-specific effects on restoring gut microbial composition and social behavior.
1828h agoTraining in a sensory-association task rapidly suppresses parvalbumin-mediated inhibition in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of female mice, which is accompanied by a reduction in parvalbumin-associated synapses.
1832h agoMemory athletes achieve superior performance by converting abstract information into vivid scenes and placing them along a mental path, and their brains show differences in functional connectivity in areas related to scene and semantic processing, and memory.
1832h agoThe proposed approach creates a cognitive architecture through an evolutionary process, allowing autonomous agents to generate intellectual functions and reproduce higher nervous functions.
1836h agoIrreversibility in neural activity in the hippocampus is generated by physical flows through an animal's environment, which in turn create neural flows through its cognitive map.
1836h agoThe brain's billions of neurons can be broken down into three main compartments - soma, axonal projections, and dendrites - that produce unique extracellular waveforms shaped by their morphology and ion channels.
1836h agoA new computational framework helps understand how neural models preserve their functions and signalling patterns despite uncertain parameters.
1836h agoThe Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation's positive spectra, caused by an external energy source, prevent it from following the second law of thermodynamics, but a variant of the equation can generate entropy monotonically, albeit with only spatially constant equilibria.
1836h agoThe lattice Boussinesq equations have two new aspects: they can be extended to a 3x3x3 cube and a new three-component system, called the lattice BSQ-Q3 system, is constructed as an analogue of the Q3 equation.
1836h agoSupermassive black holes at the core of galaxies drive nearby particles into chaotic orbits, and their spin modulates the dynamics by either enhancing or suppressing chaos.
1836h agoThe analytic theory provides an accurate description of the evolution of localized pulses in the defocusing modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, matching the results of direct numerical simulations.
1836h agoA novel 2+1-dimensional extended Dym-type equation is introduced, which is S-integrable and can generate integrable modulated versions through certain transformations.
1836h agoThe synchronization transition in oscillatory networks shows a periodic global mode that fluctuates in finite ensembles, with its coherence characterized by a phase diffusion constant that depends on system size and type of coupled units.
1836h agoA Lagrangian formulation of Hitchin's self-duality equations is constructed from a four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory, relating the symplectic structure and Hamiltonians of the two theories.
1836h agoThe synchronization of relaxation oscillations in reaction-diffusion systems happens through convergence to frequency-synchronized wave-train solutions, with a weak interaction strength of order ε^{8/3} between layers.
1836h agoAdaptive behavior based on risk perception changes the dynamics of contagion processes, with different effects on pairwise and higher-order interactions.
1836h agoThe focusing gauged MKdV (FGMKdV) equation is reduced from the real part of the focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries (MKdV) equation, and its real hyperelliptic solutions are constructed using data from hyperelliptic curves of genus g.
1836h agoA novel inverse modeling method can recover unknown causal parameters from macroscopic observations of self-organizing systems that produce complex stochastic patterns.
1836h agoOptimization theory is extended to higher-order networks, allowing for the effective solution of combinatorial problems through synchronization dynamics of oscillators coupled over simplicial complexes.
1836h agoThe concept of "covariant Lyapunov field" describes the behaviour of a dynamical system by assigning Lyapunov vector components to almost all points in the phase space.
1836h agoThe inverse spectral theory for a self-adjoint one-dimensional Dirac operator uses a Riemann-Hilbert problem approach to formulate periodic potentials and solve the nonlinear Schrodinger equation.
1836h agoThe interplay of network adjacency and Laplacian eigenspectra uncovers hierarchical influence and community structure in networks, with adjacency identifying network structures and Laplacian detecting nodes' influence profiles.
1836h agoBosons interacting with a repulsive Gaussian potential in a quasi-2D plane exhibit Poisson distribution and regular energy spectra at moderate interaction, but chaotic behavior at strong interaction, with rotation enhancing chaos.
1836h agoSilicon interconnects can enable long-range entanglement between solid-state qubits through a Wigner regime that allows for strong Coulomb interactions and Luttinger liquid physics.
1836h agoA simple method combining simulations, neural networks, and symbolic regression predicts the pair-correlation function of passive and active particles with results that closely agree with Brownian dynamics simulations.
1836h agoEntanglement spreads across a network of qubits through a non-standard percolation process driven by the interplay between unitary evolution and spatially correlated disorder.
1836h agoMany body localization is characterized geometrically by the many-body quantum metric and localization parameter, which are related in disordered insulating states and can be used to extract a localization length in the MBL regime.
1836h agoDynamical mean field theory characterizes the behavior of high-dimensional dynamical systems driven by random matrices, with applications to machine learning models such as gradient flow and stochastic gradient descent.
1836h agoA novel inverse modeling method can recover unknown causal parameters from macroscopic observations of self-organizing systems that produce complex stochastic patterns.
1836h agoTraumatic brain injury activates a neuroimmune-extracellular matrix signaling axis in the hippocampal Dentate Gyrus, which mediates early circuit dysfunction through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activation.
1840h agoMitochondria transport specific mRNAs, including MAPT which encodes the protein Tau, into axons of certain neurons through a RNA anchoring complex, and this process is crucial for maintaining the local cytoskeleton and supporting axonal growth.
1856h agoNeurons representing specific concepts are reactivated during slow-wave sleep after learning, and this reactivation helps form episodic memories by modifying synaptic connections between these concept neurons.
1856h agoThe neonatal brain detects deviance in sound sequences by encoding local regularities, using distinct processing pathways within sensory and limbic systems.
1856h agoPeople quickly adjust their expectations based on surprising events, and they learn to use patterns in time to make accurate predictions about their environment.
1856h agoAlzheimer's disease changes in the caudate nucleus are mainly marked by phosphorylated tau-containing neuropil threads and amyloid-beta diffuse plaques, and affect multiple cellular populations without reducing neuron proportions.
1856h agoTrisomy 21 causes abnormal neuronal morphology, including shorter and thicker neurites, and disrupts normal neuronal network formation in human neurons and brain tissue.
1856h agoSex differences in brain development are driven by a combination of gonadal and sex chromosome effects, and occur in more brain regions than previously thought.
1856h agoFlexible microelectrode arrays made from thin polymers can reduce inflammation and signal instability in brain recordings, and a new insertion method allows for repeated use in non-human primates with a high single-unit recording success rate.
1860h agoEarly-life adversity impairs social behavior in adulthood differently in males and females, with males showing impaired social recognition and females showing intact social recognition, and changes in brain structures called perineuronal nets in males can be reversed with targeted intervention.
1860h agoA multimodal fMRI framework helps identify network-level targets for focal brain stimulation by integrating reliable intrinsic connectivity maps with task-evoked activity patterns.
1860h agoPhysiological and neural activity in students and instructors vary systematically across different phases of a learning situation and tasks with varying levels of difficulty.
1860h agoIncreased nociceptive nerve innervation in knee joints is associated with higher osteoarthritis severity and knee pain in aged male mice.
1864h agoNeuronal circuits self-regulate their function through an autocrine homeostatic mechanism, where neuropeptide release activates receptors to control gene expression and peptide secretion.
1864h agoParkinson's disease is associated with the emergence of near-critical oscillations in motor cortex.
1864h agoA new modeling-based framework enables individualized electrode placement for non-invasive brain stimulation, allowing for standardized dosing across targeted brain regions while preserving inter-individual variability.
1864h agoThe brain relies heavily on velocity-based proprioceptive feedback to estimate hand position when visual feedback is unavailable, and it also slowly incorporates absolute positional information.
1864h agoInflammation leads to less effortful food choices and changes brain activity in areas that control decision-making, and reducing inflammation increases the likelihood of choosing healthier, more effortful food options.
1864h agoSchizophrenia is linked to abnormal cortical folding patterns, particularly in areas with high connectivity within the brain's network, and is associated with specific genetic and molecular changes.
1880h agoMonitoring brain metabolism with a multi-technique approach reveals metabolic changes in response to acute neuroinflammation, including an early decline in pyruvate metabolism.
1880h agoThe brain distinguishes between two types of empty categories in sentence structure, with greater activity in the left language network when processing control-type sentences than raising-type sentences.
1884h agoAstrocytes regulate maternal behavior in mice by controlling oxytocin levels through connexin 30, a protein involved in shaping synaptic networks.
1884h agoA network of brain areas, including the hippocampus, insula, and PAG, retrieves learned threat associations and adjusts defensive responses based on the similarity of stimuli to the original threat cue.
1884h agoThe brain uses the same memory resources for automatic learning of patterns in sounds as it does for actively remembering information.
1884h agoThe genes MRPL40 and SLC25A1 interact to influence tissue development and physiology, and their combined partial loss mitigates the effects of their individual loss.
1884h agoMicroglial repopulation in aged mice leads to abnormal gene expression in cortical microglia and worsens age-related cognitive decline.
1884h agoA new frame-free imaging approach using event-based cameras preserves signal fidelity and allows for high spatial and temporal resolution while reducing data output by orders of magnitude.
1884h agoUltra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging achieves high-resolution imaging of the mouse hypothalamus, revealing sex differences in its anatomy, microstructure, and neurochemistry.
1884h agoAging changes how the brain makes decisions, with older adults relying more on prior information and less on sensory evidence, leading to stronger biases and reduced precision.
1884h agoThe formation of dendritic spines in the brain is governed by the interplay of physical and chemical signaling mechanisms, where membrane-bending proteins and neurotransmitter inputs interact to create distinct spine geometries and dynamics.
1888h agoMutations in the PANX1 gene disrupt normal brain development, causing malformations such as polymicrogyria and microcephaly, by altering ion conductance and ATP release.
1888h agoNeuronal responses are organized within a low-dimensional structure that accounts for most of the observed variance in how neurons transform synaptic input into spiking output.
1888h agoA new viral vector system based on the yellow fever vaccine enables the mapping of brain connectivity by tracing neuronal circuits from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons.
1888h agoBehavioral seizure severity in the pilocarpine model corresponds to distinct hippocampal proteomic profiles, with severe status epilepticus inducing broader molecular alterations than mild status epilepticus.
1888h agoFly larvae balance attraction to food and avoidance of conspecifics based on social context to optimize resource use under ecological constraints.
1892h agoFlow states, characterized by heightened performance and effortless behavior, arise during various activities, involve complete task immersion, automatic behavior, and improved affect, and can be identified through physiological measures captured by wearable sensors.
1892h agoThe customized Cortical-Evoked Potential Operant Conditioning System (C-EPOCS) provides real-time neurofeedback using portable electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) data acquisition.
1892h agoSensory networks in the brain become less connected with age during young adulthood, while hub networks remain stable, as brain networks reorganize and become more independent.
1892h agoEmotion influences memory errors by enhancing sensory cortical reactivation, leading to incorrect retrieval of non-specific associations, and this effect is observed when emotional cues trigger misattribution errors.
1892h agoA genetic variant in the gephyrin protein disrupts its ability to form clusters at synapses, leading to impaired inhibitory synapse formation and potentially causing epilepsy.
1892h agoModulating a specific brain circuit can transiently reduce autonomic arousal, and this circuit may serve as a target for treating conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder and anxiety.
1892h agoThe brain's cortical activity, marked by N1 and midfrontal theta responses, detects and evaluates unexpected sensory events, and persists even when the body is not actively controlling posture.
1892h agoNodal graph-theoretical metrics show state- and network-dependent associations with cerebral glucose consumption, and these associations vary across different brain states and diseases.
1892h agoAdolescents in the UK city of Bradford identify mental health and stress as their top priorities for developmental neuroimaging research.
1904h agoThe study integrated morphology, electrophysiology, and transcriptomic data from single neurons to create a multimodal reference that advances understanding of human cortical circuitry.
1904h agoPsychedelic use is associated with enhanced divergent thinking, but not with enhanced insight-related performance, according to a study of 5,905 participants.
1908h agoT-type and L-type calcium currents play a crucial role in shaping synchronized rhythmic activity patterns in basal ganglia networks, with T-type currents enhancing post-inhibitory rebound bursting and L-type currents promoting intermittent synchrony and sustaining beta oscillations.
1908h agoHuman decision-making involves transforming external evidence into internal mental beliefs through active sensing, which adapts to different contexts and is influenced by evidence availability and attention.
1908h agoIntelligence and consciousness emerge from relational structure, where intelligence is the capacity to form and integrate causal connections, and consciousness arises when systems interpret and learn from their own internal patterns.
1908h agoPhasor Agents use a network of coupled oscillators to represent information through relative phase structure, and learn via local plasticity without backpropagation.
1908h agoReasoning distillation fails to transmit the cognitive structure of large reasoning models to student models, leading to a degradation of human-like cognition.
1908h agoBrain networks are formed through a combination of distance dependence, weight-preferential attachment, and degree-preferential attachment, which together reproduce the characteristic properties of brain networks across different species.
1908h agoA novel reinforcement learning model shows that context-dependent sequential activity in the hippocampus is established through reorganization of neuronal activity, allowing flexible behavior switching in multiple contexts.
1908h agoOptimization theory is extended to higher-order networks, providing algorithms to synchronize oscillators coupled over simplicial complexes and paving the way for a new field that combines algebraic topology, combinatorial optimization, and dynamical systems.
1908h agoThe reflective homeostatic dynamics provides a minimal mechanism for self-organized criticality in neural systems, where fluctuation effects are dynamically regularized and response-driven structural adaptation generates intrinsic parameter flows that attract the system toward a protected critical surface.
1908h agoChaotic resetting, a strategy that uses uncertainty in reset conditions to generate new paths, accelerates search completion in deterministic chaotic systems when a mixed phase space and optimal resetting interval are present.
1908h agoThe suprachiasmatic nucleus synchronizes biological activity with day and night through two subgroups of oscillating cells, and their synchronization depends on the period and strength of light signals and the proportion of cells in each subgroup.
1908h agoA disease can spread through a population via two modes of transmission: direct social contacts and polyadic interactions, with the disease's spread depending on factors such as hyperedge size, hyperedge-size distribution, and hyperedge-recovery rates.
1908h agoOptical event horizons produce entropy through the emission of resonant radiation, which is a key mechanism for entropy production and satisfies a generalized second law.
1908h agoA crossover from near-integrable behaviour to many-body chaos occurs through a cascade of lightcones seeded by scattering of weakly interacting harmonic modes.
1908h agoA variation of Hirota's discrete KdV equation has two types of exact solutions: discrete Painlev\'e transcendent solutions and periodic solutions described by Painlev\'e-type ordinary difference equations.
1908h agoA constructive framework learns effective Langevin equations from stationary time series that reproduce the observed steady-state density and temporal correlations of resolved variables.
1908h agoStochastic resonance in chaotic systems arises from the coexistence of resonance and chaos, and this phenomenon occurs in a broad class of strongly nonlinear random dynamical systems.
1908h agoElectrons in a dielectric can be described as solitons of the polarization field that interact through short-ranged forces.
1908h agoA novel spin-extended so($d+1$,1) algebra provides a framework for discussing properties of a $d$-dimensional matrix Hamiltonian with spin 1/2 and so($d+1$) symmetry.
1908h agoThe Markov length diverges at the critical point of the Domany-Kinzel model, and the conditional mutual information exhibits scaling consistent with directed percolation universality.
1908h agoPartially symmetric interactions in high-dimensional dynamical systems lead to chaotic attractors, and the maximal Lyapunov exponent varies with the degree of non-reciprocity.
1908h agoThe Non-Hermitian spinful Aubry-Andr\'e-Harper model exhibits a butterfly spectral map with asymmetric spin alignment due to the combined effects of non-hermiticity, spin-orbit interaction, and a textured magnetic field.
1908h agoSpatial averaging masks important microscopic features of many-body localization, and site-resolved spin autocorrelators reveal a rich and complex dynamical behavior, including resonant structures and rare local instabilities, within the many-body localization phase.
1908h agoLong-wavelength density fluctuations allow for glass-like dynamical behavior, including enhanced dynamical heterogeneity, in active two-dimensional systems, and local positional order changes how this behavior develops with increasing activity.
1908h agoLarge language models' logical inconsistencies can be overcome by operating in a Symmetry-Protected Topological phase, which enables robust inference and maintains logical coherence under noise through non-Abelian gauge symmetry.
1908h agoThe quantum spin ice phase remains stable with respect to disorder up to the transition to the polarized phase at high fields.
1908h agoGlycaemia causally affects brain structure and function, with short-term effects on overall brain networks and long-term effects on specific white-matter pathways, and these effects are linked to an increased risk of brain disorders.
1908h agoTraveling waves emerge in artificial neural networks with biologically plausible connectivity and support robust working memory by providing a mechanism that resists visual distractors.
1908h agoDirect activation of layer 4 neurons is sufficient but not necessary for mice to learn a tactile task, as stimulation of other layers can also induce learning.
1908h agoFluctuations from active forces alter the lower critical dimension for long-wavelength density fluctuations, changing it from 2 to 3 dimensions and causing a novel logarithmic divergence of the mean squared displacement plateau with system size in 3D.
1912h agoCephalopods process visual information through a hierarchical system in their brain, with different cell types and layers handling light intensity, polarization, and complex features such as direction selectivity.
1912h agoThe claustrum helps shape frontal brain activity to prioritize relevant information and form effective strategies.
1912h agoAs people age, they become more easily distracted, which impairs their ability to understand speech in social situations, but relying more on linguistic information can help offset this impairment.
1912h agoERK signaling acutely modulates neuronal and network activity by enhancing synchronized network burst activity and increasing calcium activity in cortical pyramidal neurons.
1912h agoHuntington's disease involves progressive dysfunction in specific brain regions, with striatal projection neurons showing early dysregulation and cortical pyramidal neuron dysfunction coinciding with motor symptom onset.
1916h agoThe primary visual cortex combines sensory information with uninstructed facial movements through two pathways: a top-down pathway and a stimulus-gated bottom-up pathway.
1916h agoCombining qMRI data from different sources and protocols still allows detecting age-related changes in brain tissue, but differences in measurement protocols affect the results, especially for certain brain structures.
1916h agoMotivation in complex tasks is not fully explained by learning-based models alone and may need to incorporate intrinsic behavioural drives.
1916h agoThe BYU Seizure and Analytics Tool (YSA) enables efficient analysis and visualization of large-scale neural data from high-density multi-electrode arrays (HD-MEAs), supporting a range of neuroscience applications.
1916h agoIncreasing network excitation causes the rhythmically active area in the brain to expand, and the essential requirement for a discrete breathing oscillator is lost.
1916h agoAstrocytes in the basolateral amygdala provide a stable representation of threat-induced anxiety, and their activity levels are linked to individual anxiety levels and can decode exploration of anxiogenic environments.
1916h agoBioengineered extracellular vesicles, especially those expressing RVG peptides, show therapeutic potential in treating pneumococcal meningitis by neutralizing pneumococcal toxin, reducing inflammation, and crossing the blood-brain barrier.
1916h agoConsuming a diet rich in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) during adolescence impairs hippocampal-dependent memory function, alters the gut microbiome, and affects neural processes.
1916h agoMost people can learn to self-regulate at least two different cortical rhythms, but with varying degrees of spatial and frequency specificity, and learning patterns vary between individuals and features.
1916h agoAcute, low-grade inflammation primes white matter for heightened vulnerability to ischemic injury through microglial-mediated mechanisms.
1920h agoThe right stimulation at specific times during secondary brain injury helps restore normal firing rates in neurons by regulating excitation and inhibition.
1920h agoExercise alleviates stress by activating a specific mechanism in the brain that involves glucocorticoids and brain-derived neurotrophic factor working together.
1920h agoSleep deprivation disrupts the acquisition of procedural skills, and high-intensity interval exercise after learning can negatively affect the consolidation of these skills.
1920h agoThe brain's sense of time is shaped by both its internal workings and the context it's in, and it uses a combination of statistical inference and rescaling to understand the length of time.
1920h agoGlobal predictability abolishes context modulation in the primary visual cortex, and responses to expected stimuli are equivalent to those evoked by a random sequence, but global deviance or local deviance enhance responses.
1920h agoA computational model shows that neuroinflammation plays a key role in tau spread in Alzheimer's disease, and microglia and pro-inflammatory rates are critical contributors to the disease's progression.
1924h agoA carbohydrate gel that prolongs glycaemia helps reduce cognitive fatigue, hunger, and cortisol responses, and improves executive control and in-game performance during prolonged esports play.
1924h agoAuditory attention enhances neural representations of sound features at different levels, depending on the scene structure, specifically boosting low-level acoustic features when sounds are hard to distinguish and abstract category-level representations when sounds are from different categories.
1924h agoThe human brain has direct pathways from the thalamus to the amygdala that help process emotions, with specific connections found between the posterior thalamic nuclei, medial geniculate nucleus, and the basolateral amygdala.
1924h agoEngineered viral vectors, particularly the rabies pseudotyped lentiviral vector FuG-B2, efficiently target and modulate specific dopamine-producing cells in the nonhuman primate brain.
1924h agoThe brain transforms concrete experiences into abstract knowledge through a process of learning that involves the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex.
1924h agoThe brain integrates artificial visual signals from digital avatars with natural speech to enhance comprehension, and neural tracking in different frequency bands plays distinct roles in visual-only and audiovisual speech processing.
1924h agoArithmetic tasks activate a large-scale brain network with strong and transient high-gamma band activations peaking first in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex, followed by increases in other areas, and connectivity patterns evolving over time among key network nodes.
1924h agoThe dorsal branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF-I) carries multiple fiber systems, including short-range and longer connections, rather than uniform parieto-frontal connections.
1924h agoThe number of neural connections scales to the population size of Kenyon cells through a developmental mechanism where projection neurons adjust their collateral branches and connections.
1924h agoMisplaced brain cells can still function normally and drive behavior if they connect properly, showing brain function depends more on neuron connections than their location.
1928h agoTraining in generative dance increases synchronization between brain signals, but decreases synchronization of motor movements, during collaborative improvisation.
1932h agoA system's ability to change its transformation rules over time represents necessary conditions for genuine agency, and can be categorized into three orders of information processing: reactive and memoryless, incorporating internal states with fixed rules, and adaptive with changing rules.
1932h agoA data-driven framework characterizes large-scale brain dynamical states by identifying a characteristic percolation threshold that tracks multiple cluster- and network-level brain signatures.
1932h agoAgents navigating in swarms use a shared environment to guide their behavior, laying and following trails to minimize traversal time and emerge with efficient navigation paths.
1932h agoLarge language models have functional networks similar to those in the human brain, which are crucial for their performance and can be enhanced or impaired by modifying their activity.
1932h agoSPD matrix learning provides a unified framework for machine learning on neuroimaging data, allowing for principled statistical modeling and integration with AI-driven paradigms.
1932h agoSimple local growth rules, including stochastic branching, fusion, and stopping, can generate biological network architectures that perform multiple tasks optimally, similar to evolved networks in fungi.
1932h agoThe Hou-Luo model's analysis reveals a complex-time analytic structure with a predictable eye-shaped singularity profile caused by the accumulation of multiple fluid particles at the same position.
1932h agoNetwork-level models explain how temperature affects biological systems by transforming individual reaction responses into complex system-level reactions.
1932h agoTraining in generative dance increases synchronization between brain signals, but decreases synchronization of motor movements, during collaborative improvisation.
1932h agoCostly punishment can become productive and raise collective welfare when integrated with upstream and downstream reciprocity in an evolutionary game model.
1932h agoAdding a gyroscope to multidimensional integrable generalizations of heavy rigid body systems results in Liouville integrable systems with polynomial matrix Lax representations.
1932h agoAgents navigating in swarms use a shared environment to guide their behavior, laying and following trails to minimize traversal time and emerge with efficient navigation paths.
1932h agoA driven particle system with three or more lanes shows a universal scaling feature with a dynamical exponent of 3/2 in its steady state.
1932h agoThis work reviews the properties of real quadratic maps and investigates complex quadratic maps under singular perturbations.
1932h agoThe transition to active turbulence in active fluids is discontinuous and features a jump in mean-squared velocity, bistability, and hysteresis between laminar and chaotic flows.
1932h agoA multifractal model analyzes neutron evolution within a reactor, describing characteristics of neutron behavior, and linking percolation probability to the reactor's criticality.
1932h agoLocal loops on the Husimi tree enhance resonant processes, reducing the critical disorder and increasing the spatial extent of localized eigenstates, which helps explain discrepancies between many-body localization and single-particle Anderson localization.
1932h agoThe low-density phase in 2D electron systems with random impurities is an Anderson solid with carriers localized by impurities, not a Wigner solid formed by interacting electrons.
1932h agoThe Latent Instance Difficulty model shows that learning shrinks the hard tail of the error distribution, where generalization error improvements steepen the pass@k curve until irreducible target variance dominates.
1932h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor of size k with the maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor of size N.
1932h agoFluctuations from active forces alter the lower critical dimension from 2 to 3, leading to a novel logarithmic divergence of the mean squared displacement plateau with system size in 3D.
1932h agoThe reflected multi-entropy, a new measure of mixed-state generalization, matches holographic results in field-theoretical calculations at both zero and finite temperature.
1932h agoMetals in air pollution are linked to increased Alzheimer's disease risk by triggering inflammation, neuronal damage, and amyloid processing changes in the brain.
1932h agoSpiral waves occur across the cortex, emerge from local cortical neuronal interactions, and exhibit complex dynamics and working memory-like characteristics.
1932h agoProtein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type kappa (Ptprk) regulates the density of Superior ON direction-selective ganglion cells, which detect upward motion, and its loss impairs the optokinetic reflex responses to upward motion.
1936h agoPsychosis is associated with reduced brain activity and connectivity, and altered switching patterns between brain networks, which may underlie cognitive impairments.
1940h agoStatic structural connections and dynamic functional decoupling play distinct roles in supporting flexible cognition in aging, with static connections preserving network robustness and dynamic decoupling enabling transient reconfiguration for complex integration.
1940h agoMicrostructural measures show early grey matter changes in Lewy body diseases, with people with Lewy body dementia having widespread cortical and subcortical changes that correlate with cognitive severity and plasma p-tau217.
1940h agoReactive astrocytes drive neurodegeneration in diseases like Parkinson's by releasing acidic contents that lower the brain's pH, activating a neuronal channel that causes cell death.
1940h agoThe Enhanced Motor Unit sorter (EMUsort) improves the accuracy of identifying individual motor unit action potentials in muscle recordings, especially during high activity periods.
1940h agoAlcohol use disorder causes brain iron dysregulation, with increased iron levels found in the substantia nigra and caudate, and changes more severe in females.
1940h agoReducing somatic instability of the expanded CAG repeat in medium spiny neurons can delay motor symptom onset and slow disease progression in Huntington's disease.
1940h agoThe aggregation of alpha-synuclein causes neuronal dysfunction and death in Parkinson's disease, particularly of dopaminergic neurons. (or alternatively, as it seems the original paragraph already conveys a clear and concise message, but following the exact instruction to put the key idea in the front) Alpha-synuclein aggregation causes neuronal dysfunction and death in Parkinson's disease, particularly of dopaminergic neurons. However, I rewrote it to exactly match one sentence and represent key information: Alpha-synuclein aggregation causes neuronal dysfunction and death, particularly of dopaminergic neurons, in Parkinson's disease.
1940h agoThe brain's arousal system, specifically the locus coeruleus (LC), drives heart rate fluctuations during sleep and supports memory consolidation by releasing norepinephrine in rhythmic bouts that regulate sleep architecture.
1940h agoNeuropixels technology now allows for ultra-high resolution brain recordings.
1944h agoThere is no paragraph to summarize, only a reference citation, but if you provide the actual paragraph about "Composing behavior", I can help you create a simple sentence summary.
1944h agoThe source of evidence influences its impact.
1944h agoTheta burst transcranial ultrasound stimulation does not reliably change corticospinal excitability in healthy humans.
1944h agoThe strength of the lustrous impression in binocular vision depends on the combination of different contrast effects in the surround, with the stronger effect having a greater weight.
1944h agoMutations in ADNP lead to Helsmoortel-Van der Aa syndrome by disrupting a protein complex that normally represses gene transcription, causing impaired brain cell growth and accelerated brain cell maturation.
1944h agoAlzheimer's Disease causes an impairment in the brain's oscillatory response to magnetic stimulation, with distinct features in different frequency ranges.
1944h agoGefitinib, a cancer compound identified by artificial intelligence, protects motor neurons from death in ALS models by activating autophagy and reducing toxic protein fragments.
1944h agoReducing fluid flow shear stress improves the reproducibility of brain organoids by minimizing variation in their morphology and preserving their cellular identity across different batches and cell lines.
1944h agoA structural connectivity pattern between motor and reward-related brain regions linked to physical activity is associated with reduced depressive symptoms and involves neurotransmitter receptors and pathways related to synaptic signaling.
1944h agoExpectations shape biological motion perception by influencing how the brain processes and connects information from different regions, particularly within the action observation network.
1944h agoAcetaminophen works by inhibiting the activity of diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα), which decreases production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, and this action helps to reduce pain.
1944h agoSSAO/VAP-1 expression and amyloid β-peptide accumulation alter the release of vascular BDNF, which negatively impacts glutamatergic synaptic function and neurovascular unit function.
1944h agoAlpha power in the brain fluctuates over time, following a decreasing exponential function, and its dynamic patterns are closely related to functional connectivity within the default mode network.
1944h agoMusical information travels through the brain faster than language information when people see the same visual input.
1944h agoTDP-43 pathology causes early and persistent extra-motor symptoms, including behavioural and social interaction impairments, which correlate with specific changes in synaptic gene expression and splicing.
1944h agoReading activates brain areas associated with bodily experiences, with sensory and motor cortices playing an early role in understanding language, especially for sentences related to sensations.
1944h agoCerebrospinal fluid does not flow out of the brain through the superior sagittal sinus as traditionally thought, with measurements showing no net velocity towards this exit site.
1944h agoMost sensory fibers respond to multiple types of painful stimuli, but respond separately to non-painful stimuli.
1944h agoAnalyzing brain stimulation-evoked potentials with different methods reveals the location of the brain tissue source relative to recording sites.
1944h agoInhibition of the posterior thalamus fully rescues touch hypersensitivity and partially rescues light aversion in mice with migraine-like symptoms induced by calcitonin gene-related peptide.
1944h agoSpinal cord injury in rats abolishes stress-induced hyperthermia, but this response gradually returns over time, reaching pre-injury levels by seven weeks.
1944h agoLoss of dopamine in Parkinson's disease leads to reduced muscarinic M4 receptor signaling in the dorsal striatum, which closely follows the pattern of dopaminergic degeneration.
1944h agoON and OFF bipolar cells work together to generate visual perception by combining a fine central image with a coarser surround image, which improves image sharpness and visual acuity through edge detection.
1944h agoThe pupil's response to changes in retinal input from the visual environment in real-world conditions is captured in a dataset of 83 participants, aged 18-87, who wore a custom-built eye tracker while performing everyday tasks in varying indoor and outdoor lighting conditions.
1944h agoOmega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E, when given together, protect against haloperidol-induced damage to the cerebellum, reducing behavioural problems, oxidative stress, and neuronal degeneration.
1948h agoSSRIs bind to the TRKB receptor, but the low concentrations achieved in patients are unlikely to have an effect through this binding, and higher concentrations that are required for an effect would lead to a near-complete loss of neuronal activity.
1948h agoCesarean section delivery changes early brain development in mice by altering brain barrier function, immune cells, and metabolic profiles.
1948h agoHumans' brain responses to wolves and dogs are similar when they see aggressive images, but people still perceive wolves as more threatening than dogs, showing that attitudes towards wolves are shaped by deliberate evaluation rather than automatic fear responses.
1952h agoThe state of intrinsic activity in the surrounding brain areas, not the areas directly processing the stimulus, best predicts whether a person will detect a visual stimulus.
1952h agoEarly life stress disrupts normal development in the primate amygdala by altering microglia-synapse interactions, leading to premature synaptic pruning and loss of neurons.
1952h agoMicroglial Lag3 receptor plays a key role in linking extracellular -synuclein to inflammatory responses, neurotoxic astrocyte conversion, and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
1952h agoNeural responses in the primary auditory cortex to auditory deviants contain information about the frequency change and a memory of contextual information, supporting the idea that deviance detection represents a sensory prediction error.
1952h agoPlacental Igf1 insufficiency reduces embryonic forebrain growth and leads to sex-specific changes in brain development and behavior, increasing the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.
1952h agoA new computational framework allows analysis of how much neural models can withstand uncertain parameters while preserving their characteristic functions and signalling patterns.
1956h agoThe brain uses scale-invariant, sequential coding to integrate information across different timescales, allowing it to efficiently learn and generalize knowledge.
1956h agoTransformers develop the same structure as newborn visual systems when trained on prenatal visual data, suggesting brains and transformers learn in similar ways.
1956h agoNeural manifold noise correlation improves credit assignment in neural networks by restricting perturbations to the neural manifold, leading to better performance and more biologically plausible representations.
1956h agoA physical system can follow agent-level determination without violating physical laws if it has a dual-laws system, where the supervenience level has unique dynamical laws independent of the lower base level, allowing for self-determining agents.
1956h agoReceptive fields emerge naturally in brain networks due to their scale-free, hyperbolic geometry, allowing neural dynamics to reflect stimulus space structure without fine-tuning.
1956h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term memory, short-term memory, and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
1956h agoSlow modulation of external forcing leads to three synchronization regimes in a self-sustained oscillator: strict synchronization, intermittent synchronization, and no synchronization.
1956h agoChaotic chemical dynamical systems with three dimensions have at least 6 monomials, including a negative and quadratic one, and can have a simple structure with as few as 4 quadratic terms or 2 quadratic reactions.
1956h agoDark solitons in the complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation come in two types, type-I and type-II, which have different structures, dynamics, and behaviors in collisions.
1956h agoThe study of branched PT-symmetric optical lattices reveals that a specific constraint determines the stability of solitons and the presence of complex eigenvalues, with satisfaction of the constraint yielding stable solitons and a real spectrum.
1956h agoA simple two-dimensional model of particles interacting through a double-well potential can produce complex patterns found in amorphous substances, including medium- or long-range order and local polycrystallinity.
1956h agoThe diversity of individual elements in a network drives collective synchronized oscillations, and this diversity can lead to a resonance in the response.
1956h agoParticles with the same energy in a self-gravitating system have positions and velocities that can be exactly described using simple mathematical expressions.
1956h agoThe introduction of delay due to juvenile maturation time in demographic eco-evolutionary games leads to loss of stability of equilibria and may result in complex dynamics, including bifurcations, cycles, and chaos.
1956h agoIntrinsic step jamming occurs on crystal surfaces at the nanometer scale during steady crystal growth or retreat due to asymmetric fluctuations in atomic attachment and detachment.
1956h agoThe Spectral Submanifolds theory accurately predicts complex dynamics and bifurcations in mechanical systems, including those with delay and spatial discretization.
1956h agoMultiplicative quiver varieties have a Poisson structure that allows for the construction of degenerately integrable systems and Liouville integrable systems, generalising the spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider system.
1956h agoThe anisotropic soft-wall squircle billiard exhibits chaotic and regular trajectories in its parameter space, with nonlinearity of its parameters influencing the transition to chaos.
1956h agoA super integrable system is constructed using the supertrace identity on the loop algebra of the Lie superalgebra osp(1,6), and it can be reduced to the super-AKNS hierarchy under certain conditions.
1956h agoIntegrating upstream and downstream reciprocity yields a stable mix of cooperators and defectors when the benefit of cooperation exceeds its cost, allowing cooperation to persist in large populations.
1956h agoThe plasma edge's electrostatic potential modeled as spatial harmonics reveals that wave phase and mode determine whether interference suppresses or promotes particle transport.
1956h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term memory, short-term memory, and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
1956h agoX-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy reveals that two alloy glasses with similar composition exhibit markedly different responses to X-ray induced atomic motion near their glass transition temperatures.
1956h agoNeural representations in deep learning models and monkey brains diverge when it comes to task-relevant information in image classification, with models and monkeys showing more similarity to their own kind than across species.
1960h agoRational solutions of partial differential equations are difficult to approximate using spectral Fourier methods, but can be computed in a basis of orthogonal functions using the fast Fourier transform.
1960h agoA disorder-free one-dimensional system has an exact mobility edge that separates extended states from localized states when a linear Stark potential is applied to a dimerized chain.
1960h agoAstrocytes undergo long-lasting network remodeling in Dravet syndrome, which is associated with changes in seizures, synaptic potentiation, and cognitive deficits.
1964h agoDrinking sparkling water while watching live sports increases feelings of freshness, enjoyment, and unity with fellow spectators, and reduces hunger and fatigue.
1964h agoArousal fluctuations during wakefulness shape large-scale functional connectivity in the brain by organizing it into a set of seven connectivity communities with distinct patterns of lateralized arousal modulation.
1964h agoA new lightweight fixture for Neuropixels implants enables stable, long-term recordings of neural activity in freely moving rodents with high resolution.
1964h agoHigh-protein foods reduce appetite throughout the day by modulating brain activity and dopamine levels, leading to lower neural sensitivity to food stimuli and decreased food craving.
1968h agoChronic pain changes gene expression in the amygdala, specifically affecting oligodendrocytes, neuroimmune signaling, and glutamatergic neurotransmission, which may be targets for managing chronic neuropathic pain.
1968h agoEndometriosis is linked to changes in brain areas that process pain, and women with the condition have more pain, depression, and anxiety, and perform worse in cognitive tests.
1968h agoAutism and ADHD have distinct neuroanatomical signatures, with autism characterized by a thinner cortex in certain areas and ADHD marked by a thicker cortex in other areas.
1968h agoAutistic adults show amplified higher-order neural responses to tactile input alongside preserved short-term adaptation, with heightened re-sensitization to repeated touch.
1968h agoWitnessing serious harm to others produces sustained sympathetic arousal, primes innate immune cells to elicit pro-inflammatory responses, and disrupts brain systems, leading to a link between vicarious trauma and increased immunity.
1968h agoPanoSpace enhances low-resolution spatial transcriptomics data to reconstruct continuous tissue maps at single-cell resolution, refining cell localization, identity, gene expression, and microenvironmental interactions in cancer tissues and mouse brain.
1972h agoSpatial transcriptomics maps immune gene expression in the developing mouse brain, identifying key sex-specific changes in the context of maternal gut-immune perturbations.
1976h agoNative Japanese speakers with intermediate English proficiency have more difficulty processing English sentences with syntactic and phonological errors than those with semantic errors.
1976h agoThe brain integrates different aspects of emotion through mesoscale functional connections that link areas responsible for motor expression, interoception, and emotion-related processing.
1976h agoAstrocytes decompose norepinephrine input into slow and fast calcium activities that selectively target distinct synaptic pathways and play a crucial role in maintaining behavioral states, coordinating transitions, and modulating neuronal learning.
1976h agoIntroducing a novel threshold nonlinearity enables a new associative memory network to store memories exponentially in the number of hidden units, overcoming previous limitations.
1980h agoHumans use social cues to infer hidden environmental dynamics, which helps them increase movement complexity and promote behavioral innovation through a proposed "Theory of Environment".
1980h agoThe insular cortex uses diverse neural responses to identify different facial emotions, and its activity patterns can distinguish between disgusted, fearful, angry, sad, neutral, and happy expressions.
1980h agoThe human brain forms abstract conceptual representations from sensorimotor experiences and applies them flexibly through a dual-module neural network framework called CATS Net.
1980h agoSimple biological details in the brain constrain the algorithms it learns, producing models that predict brain responses at the level of single neurons.
1980h agoAdolescents who smoke show higher brain responses to smoking cues than non-smokers, and this sensitivity is linked to craving, smoking behavior, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke from peers.
1980h agoECG signals reliably reflect cognitive load and can serve as proxies for EEG-based indicators, allowing for accurate classification of cognitive states.
1980h agoA model combining synaptic and structural plasticity produces heavy-tailed distributions of synaptic strengths and complex network structures similar to those found in the nervous system.
1980h agoThe human mind represents probability through rational inference over noisy neural encoding, which accurately explains behavior in tasks such as lottery and dot counting.
1980h agoThe proposed framework constructs combinatorial complexes from fMRI data, capturing both pairwise and higher-order neural interactions through information-theoretic measures.
1980h agoCortical traveling waves and spike-timing-dependent plasticity work together to create a temporary network that supports long-term working memory.
1980h agoNeural representations in deep learning models and monkey brains show a low similarity in task-relevant decision strategies, with model-monkey similarity being consistently lower than model-model or monkey-monkey similarity.
1980h agoContrastive Learning As Manifold Packing (CLAMP) recasts representation learning as a manifold packing problem, effectively separating neural manifolds for accurate classification.
1980h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy derives lightweight spiking Transformer models that maintain competitive performance while reducing model size and computational overhead.
1980h agoThe model of traffic flow exhibits a phase transition at a critical density, where below it, the system evolves into a freely flowing state with cars segregated into homogeneous diagonal bands.
1980h agoInter-site nonlinearities enable solitons to travel far beyond predicted distances in a controlled way, but also make multi-soliton pumping less robust and require faster sweeping rates.
1980h agoHigher-order interactions influence the emergence and robustness of chimera states in networks of coupled chaotic oscillators, and can modulate, promote, or suppress these states depending on the coupling mechanism and oscillator dynamics.
1980h agoRényi transfer entropy accurately captures directional information flow in complex systems when its reliability conditions are met and parameters are calibrated, and its explanatory power depends on the choice of the Rényi parameter.
1980h agoUnstable periodic orbits are identified in a low-dimensional embedding of chaotic attractors using a loop convergence algorithm that avoids instabilities from exponential error amplification.
1980h agoA new method constructs coupled-oscillator models that preserve Kuramoto-type phase dynamics globally, allowing for complex amplitude dynamics and synchronized behavior far from the limit cycle.
1980h agoA new method automatically classifies Lenia systems into four different dynamical classes, revealing the existence of new soliton families and the universality of the phase space structure.
1980h agoAn evolutionarily stable state can be a stable limit cycle, known as an oscillatory evolutionarily stable state, where a population's strategy oscillates over time and resists invasion by rare mutant strategies.
1980h agoUrbanization patterns in 16 countries over 50 years follow four distinct temporal patterns, and a simple model shows that basic demographic and economic interactions can generate these diverse urbanization dynamics.
1980h agoA new "chaos-on-comb" architecture generates ultra-broadband chaotic signals, overcoming the trade-off between bandwidth and parallel chaotic channels, and enabling ultrafast photonic decision-making.
1980h agoA dynamical model shows that bank leverage can create a feedback loop between asset prices and leverage, leading to systemic financial risk through logistic-like behavior and bifurcations.
1980h agoA new model shows that networks with a fixed number of nodes can exhibit stable scale-free properties through node degree fluctuations that follow a state-dependent random walk process.
1980h agoWide channel Couette turbulence is dominated by a large-scale spanwise periodic structure that corresponds to a fixed point solution of the Navier-Stokes equations.
1980h agoBasins of attraction in complex systems can have special geometric properties called singular funnels that affect the system's resilience to disturbances.
1980h agoRational solutions of partial differential equations can be approximated using a basis of orthogonal functions called the Fourier series.
1980h agoA novel integrability condition for the Riccati equation provides analytical general solutions with free parameters that can be used to analyze nonlinear phenomena.
1980h agoNew strategies compute recurrence quantification analysis measures directly from time series or phase space vectors, reducing run times, memory use, and energy consumption while maintaining accuracy.
1980h agoEntropy-Optimal Manifold Clustering (EOMC) mitigates cost scaling and robustness issues of existing dimensionality reduction tools in nonstationary and nonlinear situations while allowing explicit computation of input data reliability.
1980h agoResurgent-transseries describe the complete content of random matrix models, including exponentially-suppressed and enhanced sectors, through eigenvalue tunneling on both physical and non-physical sheets of the spectral curve.
1980h agoA new class of dynamical quantum instability in driven magnets leads to an enhancement of antiferromagnetic correlations through a primary parametric amplification that seeds a secondary instability.
1980h agoBiological rates depend on temperature, and their relationships are often described using empirical models that deviate from simple Arrhenius behavior.
1980h agoPolar chiral active matter can support inviscid Euler turbulence through a statistical mechanical foundation that links its agent dynamics to the overdamped Langevin equation, generating inertial spin waves and macroscopic transport without microscopic inertia.
1980h agoAn adaptive method based on eye-gaze dynamics shows that a velocity threshold accurately classifies saccades and fixations, but an adaptive dispersion threshold is more robust to noise.
1980h agoHigh dimensional dynamical systems driven by random matrices can be characterized as stochastic processes, and this framework can be applied to machine learning models to study learning and generalization.
1980h agoHopping transport in disordered materials is determined by material properties, such as localization length and site distribution, which dictate whether transport occurs through Variable Range Hopping or Nearest Neighbor Hopping regimes.
1980h agoTwo complementary simulations demonstrate Anderson localization, a phenomenon where wave diffusion is suppressed in disordered media by interference from multiple scattering.
1980h agoA disorder-free one-dimensional system has an exact mobility edge that separates extended states from localized states when a linear Stark potential is applied to a dimerized chain.
1980h agoMateriomusic links the structure of matter to music composition, revealing that patterns in physics and biology can be turned into sound and musical structures.
1980h agoOhm's law does not apply to low-dimensional conductors due to disorder-induced electron localization, which affects the scaling of transistors and requires a new model to understand electronic transport.
1980h agoA transition from an ergodic to a non-ergodic phase occurs in a two-dimensional array of superconducting qubits as disorder increases.
1980h agoThe entanglement entropy in quantum many-body systems can be precisely decomposed into a bulk volume-law baseline and a geometric correction formed by local contributions from crossed bonds.
1980h agoCharge transport in a quantum bath is more sensitive to disorder than predicted by classical models, and the choice of rate kernel affects the accuracy of simulation results.
1980h agoA neural network model learns to autotune quantum dot simulators to obtain Majorana modes by relating transport measurements to device parameters.
1980h agoA new method combines simulations and neural networks to predict hydro-phoretic interactions from particle coordinates, enabling self-contained simulations with full hydro-phoretic pair interactions.
1980h agoThe asymptotic behavior of the Gibbs measure in mean-field vector spin glasses is described by a critical point of an explicit functional, with different types of spins having corresponding replica-symmetry-breaking structures.
1980h agoThe spectral form factor statistics of random matrix theory deviate from Gaussianity, with corrections identified to next leading order in a matrix dimension expansion.
1980h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing training data, and this "grokking" phenomenon can be understood by framing it as a physical system's relaxation process, where the network's parameters evolve from a non-equilibrium state to a more stable configuration.
1980h agoThe pinning transition in a fluctuating interface interacting with a corrugated wall behaves differently in annealed and quenched systems, but for finite systems, there is a "gray zone" where the difference is hard to detect.
1980h agoProjected branes constructed from square lattices encode key signatures of topological phases, including robust endpoint zero-energy modes and quantized local topological markers, despite lacking the four-fold rotational symmetry of the original lattice.
1980h agoDeFecT-FF, a new framework, predicts the energies and configurations of native point defects and impurities in CdTe-based solar cells by combining DFT data with machine learning force fields.
1980h agoBrain signals can be separated into active and passive parts, and using a new model, researchers calculate that the active signal remodels resting-state networks and task-activation maps. Wait, here is the corrected version: The active signal in brain scans remodels resting-state networks and task-activation maps when separated from the passive signal.
1984h agoChristianson syndrome causes Purkinje cell degeneration in a specific pattern in the cerebellum, with cells in the anterior lobe dying rapidly and those in the posterior lobe showing resilience, depending on their molecular identity and location.
1984h agoMeaning guides decisions by engaging two distinct multisensory processes: one where people combine sensory information when it matches expectations, and another where different signals lead to the same response when expectations are not met.
1984h agoThe CCCvelo algorithm infers the spatio-temporal dynamics of cell-state transitions driven by intercellular communication and intracellular transcriptional regulation.
1988h agoKcnb1, integrins, and the leptin receptor form a complex in brain cells, and disrupting this complex leads to neurodevelopmental defects, which can be improved by leptin supplementation.
1988h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) have different roles in processing pain, with the ACC focusing on immediate pain responses and the RSC transforming pain signals into predictive codes that guide learning and memory.
1988h agoThe integration of voice tone and word meaning in speech is processed in the brain through a network that includes areas responsible for understanding language, emotion, and other people's mental states.
1988h agoBrain networks are highly individualized, with unique states and responses to tasks that can be accurately identified through dynamic fingerprinting, and this individuality extends to both the transitions between states and the instantaneous states themselves.
1988h agoAlpha oscillations and aperiodic neural activity jointly shape temporal perception, with faster alpha rhythms associated with narrower temporal integration windows and greater perceptual precision.
1988h agoContinual formation of KIBRA-PKM{zeta} oligomers allows long-term memory to persist despite molecular turnover.
1988h agoIncreasing light illuminance improves performance on an executive task and has a complex, non-uniform impact on hypothalamus activity, with effects varying by developmental stage.
1992h agoA new method for producing controllable 3D point-light displays using animation rigs and game engine allows for real-time manipulation of motion cues, enabling research on motion perception and social cognition.
1992h agoGliomas tend to arise in brain areas involved in action and are connected to a specific network, and the extent of this connection predicts tumor location and patient survival.
1992h agoA major portion of neural activity related to decision-making in sensory neurons is caused by motor-reporting processes, not sensory readout, and is influenced by behavioral context.
1992h agoThe CO2 sensory information in Drosophila diverges from the usual olfactory pathway through a specific interneuron, and this separation allows for context-dependent processing that leads to distinct behavioral responses.
1992h agoThe optical pin, a new excitation technique, improves imaging of neural structures deep in brain tissue by enhancing contrast and robustness to scattering.
1992h agoThe Drosophila olfactory system makes the world of odorants intelligible by disentangling odorant identity from concentration information, allowing for accurate classification of odorant semantics.
1992h agoNeural symbolic regression offers a route to automated discovery of governing equations for network dynamics across high-dimensional complex systems.
1996h agoCCCvelo, a computational tool, uses spatial omics data to identify how cell–cell communication directs cell fate decisions and uncovers spatiotemporal signaling dynamics that orchestrate development and diseases.
1996h agoThe supplementary motor area (SMA) plays a critical causal role in maintaining precision during high-speed movements by stabilizing motor output under high motor drive.
1996h agoPeople with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) experience greater cognitive strain, shown by increased neural resource allocation and strategy-shifting under load, which may serve as an early marker of MCI progression.
1996h agoKCNV2-associated retinopathy is characterised by disrupted photoreceptor function, reduced cone responses, and abnormal rod responses, which are replicated in a Kcnv2 mutant mouse line that provides a platform for testing therapies.
1996h agoActivation of 5-HT7 receptors increases locus coeruleus neuronal firing, and this effect is greater in a treatment-resistant depression model, with changes in receptor expression contributing to the condition.
1996h agoA CRISPR screen identifies genes essential for neural differentiation and leads to the discovery of a new PEDS1-related neurodevelopmental disorder.
2000h agoRogue Variable Theory formalizes pre-event cognitive configurations, called Rogue Variables, that influence outcomes while remaining unresolved, and a new framework implements this theory using quantum-consistent information-theoretic methods.
2004h agoLinearly transforming deep neural network stimulus representations may not ensure genuine representational alignment with human responses, even with large amounts of behavioral data.
2004h agoA quantum model simulates human conscious reporting of competing stimuli in the attentional blink paradigm, reproducing a non-linear pattern of responses that matches human data.
2004h agoKurtosis in subcortical grey matter structures is associated with iron content, and may be sensitive to iron deposits.
2004h agoA physics-informed neural network framework allows for simultaneous control of synchronization time and coherence level in networked dynamical systems.
2004h agoCollisions between Gaussian and flat-top solitons are quasi-elastic, while collisions between flat-top solitons can be either quasi-elastic or inelastic, resulting in a merger into a single soliton.
2004h agoGeological patterns can form through both abiotic self-organization and biological mechanisms, making it crucial to distinguish between them to understand their origin and search for life beyond Earth.
2004h agoA new topological framework based on framed braids and braidoids reveals that atmospheric rivers interact and evolve internally, affecting moisture transport and extreme precipitation.
2004h agoThe local structure theory for cellular automata accurately predicts steady-state probabilities of small blocks of symbols for certain rules, specifically those that conserve number and have a blocking word.
2004h agoAll 18 cellular automata rules with three states defined by semigroups of order 3 are solvable, meaning their state after n iterations can be expressed by an explicit formula.
2004h agoSolutions of a minimally nonlinear model of large random ecosystems are confined to time-varying subsets of the phase space that decrease with the diversity of species and become exponentially small over time.
2004h agoDissipative active turbulence sustains inertial cascades through a process that maps to a compressible vortex gas, unifying active swarms with classical inviscid fluids.
2004h agoNew information-theoretic measures can accurately detect emergence in complex systems by correcting for the overcounting of shared component contributions.
2004h agoA quasi-Newton method solves for subharmonic periodic orbits, their Floquet vectors, and multipliers in 4D symplectic maps, enabling efficient continuation and computation of their weak stable and unstable manifolds.
2004h agoThe Multi-Scale Negative Coupled System (MNCS) has a global attractor with a fractal dimension that scales with the negative coupling strength, acting as a global regularizer that compresses the phase space.
2004h agoThis paper gives a precise definition for off-shell Bethe vectors in integrable models and proves that they become on-shell when Bethe equations are obeyed.
2004h agoThe genus zero Hurwitz--Frobenius manifolds have Frobenius potentials that stabilize and define an infinite system of commuting PDEs, which is equivalent to the genus zero Whitham hierarchy.
2004h agoMechanical lattices with specific symmetry properties support topological wave phenomena, where symmetry, modulation, and topology jointly govern wave dispersion, modal mixing, and phase accumulation.
2004h agoThe Hamiltonian system and Lax pairs associated with a twisted connection are built, providing explicit formulas in terms of irregular times and Darboux coordinates.
2004h agoApplying a Stackelberg game-theoretic framework with precise adaptive optimization of drug delivery can prolong metastatic prostate cancer survival and potentially make it a chronic disease.
2004h agoThe Ising-type model has a Poisson structure that depends on nearest neighbor interactions, and its L-operator can be used to conclude that a model interpolating between the 6-vertex and 8-vertex models is exactly solvable.
2004h agoThe Quantum Averaging Theory (QAT) provides a mathematical framework for modeling driven quantum systems across multiple timescales, capturing interactions and oscillatory effects to produce accurate descriptions.
2004h agoIncreasing the hopping range in Anderson localisation models shifts the localisation transition to stronger disorder and eventually eliminates the localised phase, even at strong disorder.
2004h agoA periodically driven macrospin system with anisotropic long-range interactions exhibits chaotic, quasiperiodic, and periodic phases, with finite-size effects suppressing some behaviors present in the thermodynamic limit.
2004h agoThe local microstructure of cylindrical piles made of highly concave particles depends on particle geometry, frictional properties, and preparation protocol.
2004h agoA new mapping provides a unified framework for describing disordered topological matter by addressing the limitations of the standard approach to characterizing topological phases in systems with average symmetry.
2004h agoSelf-similarity in learning curves breaks down in a class of neural networks trained on power-law distributed data, exhibiting a form of universality at large data limits.
2004h agoIn systems that lack translation symmetry, the local Hall conductivity increases with non-magnetic potential disorder, enhancing the Chern insulating state, and breaking up disordered patches into smaller ones expands the phase space of the topological Anderson insulator.
2004h agoRotating the boundary of bilayer graphene cavities drives a quantum transition from nearly integrable dynamics to a chaotic regime.
2004h agoMotor imagery remains stable under stress, with people able to mentally simulate motor actions without disruption even when experiencing acute psychosocial stress.
2008h agoNociceptors detect painful heat and trigger escape behavior through a pathway that involves dopaminergic modulation of mushroom body output.
2012h agoMicroRNAs and transfer RNA fragments are differently expressed in various brain cell types, and their cell-type specificity is regulated by specific genetic loci, with changes in their levels observed in Alzheimer's disease.
2012h agoPeople rely more on visual resampling and less on visual working memory when they use eye movements to explore their environment, but shift to greater visual working memory use when eye movements are replaced by manual responses.
2012h agoHemodynamic features from fNIRS can reliably classify surgical performance levels as high or low during virtual reality-based training, with certain features and machine learning models achieving high accuracy.
2012h agoA dedicated brain circuit enables efficient computation, selection, and integration of forward-walking signals for context-appropriate motor control by recruiting specific neurons to control walking speed and direction.
2012h agoAging in female rats causes progressive decline in motor performance, mood regulation, and cognitive abilities, linked to microglial dysfunction and neuroinflammation.
2012h agoIncreasing memory load degrades working memory task performance, slows motor preparation, and alters neural activity, with distinct brain-behavior associations seen at moderate load levels.
2012h agoCatestatin, a peptide that helps regulate stress hormones, is deficient in brains with neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease, and replacing it reduces Tau pathology, inflammation, and improves cognitive function in mice.
2020h agoThe alignment between brain activity measures in animals and humans depends on the underlying coding scheme, with spikes and high-gamma activity aligned when variables are encoded as population response magnitude but not as a distributed pattern of activity.
2024h agoAnxiety alters how people divide continuous experiences into separate events, leading to more individualized and inconsistent event boundaries.
2024h agoReproductive transitions cause dynamic changes in the brain's cellular composition and gene expression, leading to hormone-driven neurogenesis and changes that may influence disease risks.
2024h agoDendritic nonlinearities play a primary role in mediating activity-dependent plasticity by converting synaptic inputs to spiking outputs in CA1 pyramidal neurons.
2028h agoLarger and thicker right Heschl's gyrus is related to better speech-in-noise perception and stronger cortical brain responses.
2032h agoRegions in the brain associated with hand control also support speech, and can be used to decode both grasping and speech through a brain-machine interface.
2032h agoHippocampal neurons, especially in the intermediate subregions, encode and consolidate vicarious fear memories by conjunctively encoding observed distress and location, reactivating patterns of spiking activity associated with the distress context, and stabilizing spatial representations of the context.
2032h agoMicroglia regulate sleep homeostasis by stabilizing wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement sleep through a process driven by adenosine A3 receptor signaling.
2044h agoThe mesocortical dopaminergic pathway regulates neuropathic pain by controlling the excitability of dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex.
2044h agoThe study identifies 11 brain areas important for social behavior in three-spined stickleback fish and creates a map of their location in the brain.
2048h agoSpending time outdoors and using devices in bed are linked to sleep outcomes, with more outdoor time associated with earlier sleep and fewer complaints, and more device use in bed associated with more sleep disturbance and daytime impairment.
2052h agoKetamine and its metabolite HNK trigger BDNF release from mossy fiber terminals in rat hippocampal cultures within minutes of application.
2052h agoDirect lineage reprogramming of glial cells into neurons with a modified Ascl1 variant can induce characteristics of parvalbumin fast-spiking interneurons, but requires additional transcription factor Dlx2 to more closely resemble native cortical interneurons.
2052h agoThe prelimbic cortex controls the long-term stability of emotional memories by integrating different programs to regulate the consolidation and reconsolidation of threat memories.
2052h agoThe reliability of brain activity patterns varies with acquisition parameters, with quasi-periodic patterns being more stable in short scans and complex principal component analysis providing a broader representation of fluctuations but showing greater variability with longer scans.
2052h agoListeners who use broader perceptual categories perceive speech better in noise, but this benefit differs depending on their musical background.
2056h agoAstrocytes are activated by intracortical microstimulation, with responses that are spatially uneven and temporally unpredictable, and this activation differs from neuronal responses.
2056h agoAutistic children have reduced activity in the left superior temporal gyrus and superior temporal sulcus when processing social-emotional language, which may contribute to their social communication challenges.
2056h agoHigh anxiety impairs learning rewards in stable but noisy environments by misattributing random changes to real environmental changes.
2056h agoBrain regions work together to help monkeys update their beliefs about the world through trial-and-error learning, with neural responses changing according to the integration of prior beliefs with new evidence.
2056h agoEEG activity in different frequency bands changes as people learn and attend to words, with gamma power decreasing and alpha power increasing as the list is presented, and divided attention and stimulus relevance affecting these changes.
2056h agoAn integrated hardware and software solution enables high-fidelity imaging at depths of up to 1.7 mm with low excitation power, extending practical three-photon microscopy limits and revealing reliable calcium activity in deep brain regions of awake mice.
2056h agoModulating a neuron's bias current allows a single recurrent spiking neural network with fixed and random synaptic weights to learn and perform well on multiple tasks.
2060h agoDopamine in the dorsal striatum encodes both sensory and reward prediction errors, and helps update sensory expectations to shape perceptual decisions.
2060h agoMyoGen, an open-source framework, unifies spinal circuitry, muscle mechanics, and electrophysiology to simulate human motor control, producing results that closely match experimental data on muscle activity and force generation.
2060h agoThe preBotzinger complex, a brainstem breathing rhythm generator, coordinates metabolic adaptations in response to stress by modulating brown adipose tissue and liver function through PACAP signaling.
2060h agoCold stimulation of Class III sensory neurons in drosophila larvae induces a sustained depolarization that evokes a train of spikes, with occasional bursts of high-frequency spikes superimposed on a brief depolarizing hump.
2060h agoLysine methylation on non-histone proteins changes during neuronal differentiation, affecting proteins involved in signaling, cytoskeleton, RNA splicing, and transcription.
2060h agoCFTR protein modulates the signaling output of taste bud cells, affecting how they respond to different tastes, and its inhibition changes the way cells respond to bitter, sweet, and fatty acid stimuli.
2060h agoThe G2019S LRRK2 mutation combined with a high-fat diet disrupts nucleotide and energy metabolism and exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in mice, increasing the risk of Parkinson's disease.
2060h agoGanglion cells change their spatial selectivity during responses to a moving object, allowing specific cell types to track edges and provide a representation of the object's boundaries that contributes to motion segmentation.
2060h agoFocal epilepsies are caused by various brain lesions, and researchers study them by modeling epileptogenesis in mice using single intracortical tetanus toxin injections and multimodal recordings. or A study models focal epileptogenesis in mice and finds a moderate increase in global brain excitability and a gradual emergence of brief but intense optically recorded epileptiform events ("microseizures"). However, I think a better summary would be: Epileptogenic changes involve a moderate increase in global brain excitability and brief but intense microseizures that emerge over time after toxin injection.
2060h agoThe spatial organization of predicted post-synaptic sites in the brain follows three key principles: it has a region-specific pattern, varies across cell types, and correlates with brain activity and gene expression.
2064h agoThe Hodgkin-Huxley model shows that parameter variability produces a heterogeneous population of firing behaviors, including non-firing, phasic, regular, and spontaneous activity, which emerges from interactions among parameters rather than from any single conductance or kinetic parameter.
2064h agoThe early processing of colour changes in the brain is mainly driven by contrast adaptation, not by cognitive influences such as language categories.
2068h agoA neural module with a three-layer network and inhibitory neurons can move a pattern along a cortical layer without changing its shape when synchronized with a gamma rhythm frequency.
2068h agoA system for live sorting of neuronal activity (LSS) accurately sorts single-neuron spikes in real-time, enabling live analyses of neuronal signals that match the performance of offline sorting.
2068h agoAging causes region-specific myelin damage in the spinal cord, but enhanced TGFβ signaling in microglia counteracts this damage, revealing a protective mechanism for healthy aging.
2072h agoA generative spike-based framework re-establishes functional connectivity across damaged brain regions, enabling biomimetic neural prostheses and closed-loop brain stimulation.
2072h agoA denoising model on a Riemannian manifold captures molecular energy changes better and enables more accurate molecular structure optimization than conventional Euclidean approaches.
2072h agoHuman oligodendrocyte precursor cells have a previously unrecognized subset that expresses genes linked to synaptic development, synaptic signaling, and neuromodulation.
2072h agoThe hippocampal circuits can reconfigure their communication with neocortical areas by recombining neuronal pools to support distinct interactions across changing experiences and brain states.
2072h agoMeta-learning changes the neural dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to help animals learn new rules and adapt to changing environments.
2072h agoMice that cope actively with stress are more likely to develop avoidance behavior if they are female, but less likely if they are male.
2072h agoSEZ6L2 plays a critical role in regulating motor, cognitive, and synaptic function, and its deficiency leads to impairments in behavioral domains including motor coordination, sociability, and sensory processing.
2072h agoThe medial and lateral ganglionic eminences are the main sources of neurons and glia for the basal ganglia, and their development is regulated by distinct progenitor populations, gene regulatory networks, and the protocadherin PCDH19.
2072h agoGranule cells in the hippocampus become more excitable and have different firing properties along the dorsal-to-ventral axis, with regional differences within specific sections.
2072h agoSpiking neural networks designed with Bayesian inference principles and trained with spike-timing-dependent plasticity closely match the true numerical solution and can transmit signals over unreliable channels.
2100h agoSequential structure is a key feature of natural cognition, behavior, and artificial intelligence tasks, and a new software tool, SymSeqBench, allows researchers to evaluate sequence learning and processing across diverse domains.
2100h agoScientists study the joint dynamics of membrane potential and time since the last spike in a population of integrate-and-fire neurons, leading to equations that capture the evolution of the full neuronal state and characterize the time-dependent inter-spike interval distribution.
2100h agoPartial symmetry in neural connections suppresses complexity in neural dynamics, while partial anti-symmetry strongly amplifies it.
2100h agoMuscle synergies during running are relatively stable in number and structure, but spatial muscle weightings and motor primitives vary with task demands, fatigue, and pathology.
2100h agoLarge language models reveal long-ranged structure in English texts, with dependencies or interactions existing across distances of up to 10,000 characters.
2100h agoThe self-simulational theory explains how subjective time emerges from self-modelling, producing variations in time perception, including intentional binding, meditative absorption, and other alterations in temporal experience.
2100h agoA family of recurrent neural networks called Fast Weight Programmers uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states as short-term memory storage, with synaptic weights that dynamically change over time based on input observations.
2100h agoRecurrent neural networks with asymmetric interactions can develop a large set of stable configurations through simple local dynamics, allowing for learning via a local mechanism that selectively stabilizes a single task-relevant network configuration.
2100h agoIntegrable nonlinear equations with three independent variables can be identified and classified using a method that characterizes them as Toda-type chains admitting reductions in the form of open chains with enhanced integrability.
2100h agoThe Zakharov-Shabat equations recover the Lax operators under a suitable change of independent variables in the KP hierarchy and the modified KP hierarchy.
2100h agoThe state of a cell in certain cellular automata after several iterations can be expressed as a simple function of its initial state, allowing the solution of the initial value problem to be obtained.
2100h agoClassical numerical solvers retain high-order accuracy and strong computational efficiency for solving one-dimensional dispersive PDEs, while neural network-based methods are less accurate and efficient but offer rapid inference after training.
2100h agoSurface tension variations induce complex fracture patterns in thin films, and the number of cracks increases with the viscosity of the subphase supporting the film.
2100h agoAn adaptive method based on Markovian approximation of eye-gaze dynamics shows that a velocity threshold achieves 90-93% accuracy in distinguishing saccades from fixations, but adaptive dispersion thresholds are more robust to noise.
2100h agoSix two-dimensional quantum superintegrable systems in flat space are exactly solvable and have a hidden algebraic structure, admitting polynomial eigenfunctions and infinite-dimensional invariant subspaces.
2100h agoThe string hypothesis for Bethe roots provides access to physical quantities in quantum integrable systems. (or alternatively) Bethe roots and zero roots exhibit a highly structured pattern even without U(1) symmetry.
2100h agoThe extended Dynamical Mean Field Theory framework analyzes gene regulatory networks by incorporating epigenetic modifications to capture their influence on gene expression.
2100h agoA four-dimensional lattice-gas model with finite-range interactions has non-periodic, quasicrystalline Gibbs states at low temperatures that are small perturbations of non-periodic ground-state configurations.
2100h agoThe development of statistical hydrodynamics reveals that turbulent phenomena have intrinsic stochasticity, and anomalies play a crucial role in describing these phenomena.
2100h agoA self-consistent theoretical framework identifies an onset crossover mass of 3.865 for the emergence of secondary synchronized clusters in inertial synchronization systems, providing criteria for predicting their behavior.
2100h agoThe lecture notes examine classical integrability tools and their application to asymptotic symmetries and canonical charges in gauge theories, using Chern-Simons theory in 3D dimensions as a working example.
2100h agoA data-driven method constructs the pseudo-resolvent from time-series data to analyze the Koopman operator, effectively suppressing spectral pollution and resolving closely spaced spectral components.
2100h agoBilinear tau forms of the Painlev\'e equations are derived, relating them to those obtained from blowup relations for supersymmetric gauge theory partition functions.
2100h agoA new adaptation rule shows that the architecture of elastic networks depends on the driving frequency of pulsatile sources and path asymmetry, leading to diverse network structures.
2100h agoChaos theory is recast in the language of statistical mechanics, field theory, and solid state physics, describing spatiotemporally chaotic field theories in terms of sums over their multi-periodic orbits.
2100h agoIncluding global-range interaction allows Bethe Ansatz solutions for quantum systems beyond one-dimensional models.
2100h agoThe Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation, a model for dissipative nonlinear waves, has a new formulation in contact geometry that provides a unified tool for studying pattern selection and state transitions.
2100h agoOrigami-inspired structures can adapt to different impact speeds by switching between folding and unfolding modes, enabling effective energy dissipation across a wide range of impact conditions.
2100h agoThe study models the spacings between nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function using a novel dynamical system, and finds that it exhibits quantum-like chaos with Gaussian Lyapunov functions and level repulsion similar to the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE).
2100h agoStrongly-interacting many-body chaotic systems have non-monotonic equilibrium energy distributions that differ from the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein forms.
2100h agoNeural field equations with random data have solutions that exist, are unique, and measurable under certain conditions on the randomness in the synaptic kernel, firing rate function, external stimuli, and initial conditions.
2100h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
2100h agoUnitary quantum systems with strong eigenvalue repulsion exhibit crystalline-like behavior in their spectral form factor.
2100h agoHyperbolic equations of a certain form are classified based on the existence of higher fifth-order symmetries, resulting in a list of four equations that meet the conditions.
2100h agoChiral active matter supports inviscid Euler turbulence through a statistical mechanical foundation that links its agent dynamics to the overdamped Langevin equation, generating inertial spin waves and macroscopic transport.
2100h agoA family of virial identities is derived for O(n) symmetric configurations, allowing a systematic decomposition of the global constraint into radially-resolved components.
2100h agoScientists study the joint dynamics of membrane potential and time since the last spike in a population of integrate-and-fire neurons, leading to equations that capture the evolution of the full neuronal state and characterize the time-dependent inter-spike interval distribution.
2100h agoThe study finds an analytical expression for the Lyapounov exponent as a function of energy in the presence of disorder, which describes the exponential suppression of transmission in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model.
2100h agoThe Duffing equation's novel exact solutions, which describe the behavior of materials under non-linear deformation, accurately predict the response of organic and metallic systems under thermo-mechanical testing conditions.
2100h agoThe graphicality of degree sequences that follow power-law distributions can be understood by combining exact and heuristic conditions, leading to a phase-diagram that explains why some sequences cannot form simple graphs.
2100h agoA robust metal emerges in a Chern insulator with particle-hole symmetry when geometric disorders, such as random bond dilution, are weakly stitched via concomitant insertion of $\pi$ fluxes in the plaquettes.
2100h agoImprovements in phase synchronization and cascade sizes occur with certain conditions in a European power-grid when using adaptive second-order Kuramoto models with HVDC line replacements.
2100h agoThe bosonic Bott index is a valid real-space topological invariant for multi-band magnonic systems, and magnon transport depends on Gilbert damping and disorder.
2100h agoProbabilistic computing hardware combined with sparse Boltzmann machine architectures enables efficient sampling of neural quantum states, allowing accurate simulation of large quantum many-body systems.
2100h agoResearchers construct regularized universal topological local markers that apply to Dirac systems and consistently give rise to global topological invariants, and establish a connection between these markers and other known topological indices.
2100h agoRecurrent neural networks with asymmetric interactions can develop a large set of stable configurations through simple local dynamics, allowing for learning via a local mechanism that selectively stabilizes a single task-relevant network configuration.
2100h agoThe driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard chain exhibits two distinct dynamical regimes, a regular quasilinear regime and a chaotic regime, governed by the interplay between coherent drive, dissipation, and interaction.
2100h agoMeasurement-induced phase transitions can be understood as decoherence-induced critical mixed states in one higher dimension, and self-dual symmetry plays a key role in protecting the critical mixed state.
2100h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
2100h agoRotating the boundary of bilayer graphene cavities drives a quantum transition from nearly integrable dynamics to chaotic regime.
2100h agoUnitary quantum systems with strong eigenvalue repulsion exhibit crystalline-like behavior in their spectral form factor.
2100h agoDigital twins of self-driving chemistry laboratories can help reduce the need for costly real-world experimentation and enable testing of automated workflows on computers.
2100h agoMATTERIX is a multiscale graphics processing unit-accelerated framework that simulates laboratory operations, including robot and device operation, fluids and powders, and chemical processes.
2100h agoBone marrow-derived cells fuse with damaged brain cells, restore their structure and function, and remain stable over extended periods, providing a potential platform for delivering therapeutic genes to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
2108h agoHigh doses of adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivered into the cerebrospinal fluid cause inflammation, ventriculomegaly, and choroid plexus dysfunction, especially in developing brains.
2112h agoA comprehensive workflow using volume electron microscopy enables the accurate 3D reconstruction of synapses, neurites, and intracellular organelles in human cortical organoids at nanometer resolution.
2112h agoThe human dorsal medial superior temporal area (MST) encodes not only motion patterns but also whether optic flow conforms to the ecological structure of self-movement.
2112h agoThe brain's dynamics are organized into parallel processing channels with fast and slow components, not a single hierarchy, with the fast component following a classic sensory-to-transmodal gradient and the slow component linked to cardiac-related neural activity.
2112h agoTanycytic cilia sense metabolic cues in the cerebrospinal fluid and play a key role in regulating energy balance.
2112h agoThe brain contains a previously hidden system of abundant nano-scale lymphatic-like vessels that could enable highly efficient waste clearance.
2112h agoSchema accommodation, which reorganizes a preexisting memory schema to accept new information, occurs through global reorganizations, not local adjustments, and involves deliberate processes with the executive network and reinforcement learning-based control.
2112h agoThe interaction between human B71 and p75 neurotrophin receptor contributes to Alzheimer's disease progression by increasing neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, and microvascular compromise.
2112h agoTau accumulation in the entorhinal cortex disrupts neural activity, leading to spatial memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease, with specific deficits in path integration and neural representations.
2112h agoDifferent neurodegenerative diseases have distinct effects on deep brain structures, with specific patterns of volume loss and associations between brain regions and disease-related pathologies.
2112h agoA mutation in the GRIA1 gene causes autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability by leading to overactive brain cells and brain damage, and this damage can be prevented with a specially designed therapy.
2112h agoIsotropic recurrence does not change orientation metrics, but it can rescale gain and select a spatial band, whereas adding a weak anisotropic component can produce delayed sharpening and modest preferred-angle drifts.
2112h agoCervical vagus nerve stimulation elicits more robust cortical responses than trans-auricular nerve stimulation, with distinct effects on brain areas and stimulation parameters.
2112h agoHIV infection causes brain inflammation and damage through IL-17A and other molecular pathways, which can be reduced by antiretroviral therapy, leading to improved brain function.
2112h agoPeople who are not friends work harder and pay more attention than friends when doing a task together, and this difference is stronger when they are in smaller social networks.
2112h agoAbout half of neurons in the visuo-hippocampal circuit are modulated by a specific combination of speed and acceleration to form receptive fields in the speed-acceleration phase space.
2112h agoNeocortical neurons retain their identity and function even when formed in abnormal locations, suggesting brain circuit formation is guided by intrinsic developmental programs.
2120h agoKDM6B promotes cortical myelination by activating the SOX10 gene, which is necessary for oligodendrocyte maturation and the removal of repressive chromatin marks.
2120h agoHyper-IL-6 (hIL-6) treatment causes severe side effects, including tremors and weight loss, while activating Stat3 signaling in injured neurons, which was expected to improve axon regeneration.
2120h agoModerate noise exposure increases the number of synaptic vesicles in auditory nerve terminals, which helps maintain synaptic function during periods of high activity.
2120h agoThe choroid plexus, a blood-brain interface, shows hallmarks of aging, including fibrosis, calcification, and macrophage abnormalities, which contribute to Alzheimer's disease through a macrophage-fibroblast-epithelial barrier axis.
2120h agoMitochondrial diseases cause selective damage to certain neurons because some neurons cannot activate stress-response pathways to protect themselves from mitochondrial dysfunction.
2120h agoTbx1 heterozygosity in oligodendrocyte precursor cells improves spontaneous alternation and changes the proportion of myelinated axons in the fimbria, which may underlie improved cognition relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders.
2120h agoThe circadian clock emerges in specific neurons of the eye called M1 intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which detect light directly and indirectly to regulate the body's response to environmental changes.
2124h agoManipulating primary drivers of fluid intake affects the number of licking bursts, not the size of the bursts or lick rate, suggesting that direct controls of water intake are related to satiety processes.
2124h agoFifteen subtypes of bipolar cells in the mouse retina are classified based on their response to light and connection to photoreceptor cells, and specific Cre lines can now be used to study their development and function.
2124h agoOptimization techniques can reliably identify effective deep brain stimulation parameters to improve cognitive control in individual subjects.
2124h agoPractice makes animals perform reward-oriented actions faster and with less variability, and this process involves changes in the connections between cortical neurons and striatal projection neurons in the brain, specifically increased connectivity and input strength to these neurons on the same side as the action.
2124h agoThe balance between velocity-based and position-based proprioceptive feedback influences state estimation during motor control, with systems relying on velocity-based feedback tending to make systematic endpoint errors in simulated reaching tasks.
2132h agoThe zebrafish Tectum integrates auditory and visual danger signals to enhance threat detection and drive escape behaviors.
2132h agoThe OSM-9 protein plays a crucial role in converting short-term memory to long-term memory, and its loss affects the dynamics of memory consolidation.
2132h agoGlutamatergic neurons in the subthalamic nucleus regulate the timing of actions to avoid harm by balancing urgency and caution.
2132h agoThe vomeronasal system develops postnatally in Octodon degus, with the anterior part of the accessory olfactory bulb becoming larger than the posterior part by the second postnatal week, and this asymmetry increases with age and is influenced by social experiences.
2132h agoStimulating limb muscle afferent input enhances phrenic motor output and respiratory patterns, even after partial or complete loss of supraspinal drive, by activating intraspinal pathways that modulate the activity of phrenic motor neurons.
2132h agoEnsembles of visual cortical neurons preserve information about hidden objects, even when individual neurons no longer encode the object's identity.
2136h agoA new microscope called HS2PM enables fast imaging of voltage dynamics across large populations of neurons with millisecond resolution, allowing researchers to record deep-layer membrane potentials from over 160 neurons simultaneously and revealing how neural circuits compute.
2140h agoType 2 diabetes mellitus reprograms bone marrow hematopoiesis and immune signaling networks, leading to maladaptive myeloid responses and impaired immune regulation after stroke.
2140h agoChanges in movement statistics and sensory experiences drive the formation of spatial tuning in the hippocampus, leading to the emergence of neurons that support a cognitive map of the environment.
2140h agoThe hippocampus's theta sequences, brief activations of place cells representing future paths, are driven by the medial entorhinal cortex's dynamics, not by active planning or decision-making.
2140h agoThe Simons Sleep Project uses wearable devices to collect over 3,600 days and nights of data on sleep and daily behaviors of autistic children.
2144h agoA new modeling tool tracks learning dynamics across subjects, revealing how behaviors emerge and adapt, and uncovers similarities and differences in a decision-making task in mice.
2144h agoAdaptive intelligence in AI enables machines to learn, generalize, and adapt quickly like animals, by building on biological foundations and brain-inspired strategies.
2144h agoEndocannabinoids signal to either astrocytes or neurons, causing different effects on synaptic function.
2144h agoA new framework called JParc, which combines cortical registration and parcellation, outperforms existing methods in accurately mapping brain regions.
2148h agoDFINE, a deep learning framework, outperforms linear state-space models in forecasting future neural activity in multisite human intracranial electroencephalography recordings and handles missing observations more robustly.
2148h agoDecision paralysis arises from convergence failure in a hierarchical decision process that separates goal selection from action selection.
2148h agoA biologically inspired neural architecture called Rectified Spectral Units (ReSUs) offers a framework for modeling sensory circuits and constructing deep self-supervised neural networks.
2148h agoPremature neonates show sensory prediction in their brains, which is linked to the number of painful procedures they experience, with more pain exposure associated with more mature sensory prediction.
2148h agoDifferent types of period perturbations in sensorimotor synchronization tasks produce incompatible responses when presented separately, but a single underlying mechanism can represent responses to all perturbation types when presented together.
2148h agoFoundation models should integrate actions, compositional architecture, and episodic memory to achieve safe, interpretable, energy-efficient, and human-like AI.
2148h agoThe main role of bodies is not to compute.
2148h agoA time-aware graph neural network model with transformer fusion flexibly integrates tabular data and dynamic brain connectivity data to accurately predict future outcomes, such as tobacco usage.
2148h agoPopulation neuroscience offers a unique population-level perspective for identifying general principles, characterizing individual variabilities, and benchmarking changes, providing a framework for small-scale studies and integrating them with population-level research.
2148h agoStandardization of metadata for high-resolution neuroimaging datasets is essential to facilitate comparative analysis of neural circuitry and disease, and researchers have developed Image and Experimental Metadata Standards to enable collaboration and data sharing.
2148h agoPerceived stereo depth reflects retinal disparities rather than 3D geometry.
2148h agoA unified approach called DCHO models and forecasts the temporal evolution of higher-order brain connectivity, providing superior performance in both state classification and brain dynamics forecasting.
2148h agoAutism spectrum disorder is associated with structural changes in brain regions, particularly along cortical boundary areas and midline frontal-temporal-parietal regions.
2148h agoA new test detects topological differences in functional brain networks, and it works better than conventional tests in identifying differences between brain networks of cannabis users and non-users.
2148h agoNeural oscillations in different brain regions show coordinated activity during a memory task, and a new statistical method can identify the dominant patterns of this activity.
2148h agoThe $\phi^{6}$ model allows for two classes of lattice discretizations with static, translationally invariant kinks, but generic discretizations result in auto-traveling and self-accelerating kinks that continuously emit radiation.
2148h agoThe dispersionless limit of the multi-component Pfaff-Toda hierarchy is a set of nonlinear differential equations that can be simplified by its equivalence to the 2N-component DKP hierarchy.
2148h agoTemporal correlations generate a new universality class of chaotic dynamics, breaking down Feigenbaum universality when memory effects dominate.
2148h agoThis study introduces amangkurat, an open-source Python library that simulates relativistic scalar field dynamics and validates its capabilities across four physical regimes.
2148h agoA simple system with many connected parts shows a sharp switch-like transition between a state with many resources and a state with almost no resources, depending on the probability of resource loss.
2148h agoTwo quasi-continuum models accurately approximate discrete dispersive shock waves and rarefaction waves in a Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice with Hertzian type potentials.
2148h agoThe sine-Gordon equation can be discretised in non-characteristic coordinates using the zero-curvature representation, resulting in integrable space discretizations in three distinct cases.
2148h agoCovariant Lyapunov vectors are accurately computed when the transient phases of the algorithm are terminated at optimal times, which was investigated for two Hamiltonian systems.
2148h agoThe dynamic behavior of a single reed instrument model changes as a bifurcation parameter increases and crosses a critical point, resulting in the appearance of sound, which can be affected by noise.
2148h agoThe quantization of the modified Emden equation leads to an approximately equispaced energy spectrum, which is quasi-harmonic with deviations from uniform spacing for small values of $k$.
2148h agoA new model of quantum network connections leads to two distinct classes of complex network architectures that are small-world but not scale-free.
2148h agoWesterly wind bursts amplify El Niño events, lead to a more steady increase in warming, and occur more frequently with extreme warm events.
2148h agoFamilies of exact solutions exist for a complex scalar field that follows discrete $Z_N$ symmetry rules.
2148h agoA novel metric called eigen microstate entropy detects a precursor signal for major phase transitions, showing a consistent increase before events like biomolecular condensate formation and El Niño events.
2148h agoA family of virial identities characterizes the local balance between kinetic and potential contributions in topological solitons and tunneling configurations, providing a radially-resolved decomposition of a global integral constraint.
2148h agoThe extended lattice Boltzmann scheme with an additional projection step reduces bulk viscosity and improves stability.
2148h agoA mathematical model shows that a deformable droplet floating on a liquid surface can move through diffusiophoresis driven by surface tension gradients, and it can have three stable states: stationary and circular, stationary and elliptical, or moving with an elliptical shape aligned with its motion.
2148h agoA quasi-integrable deformation of the three-particle open Toda chain retains energy and momentum conservation and admits a quasi-conserved higher-order integral under certain symmetries.
2148h agoAn adaptive Kuramoto model with hyperedges of arbitrary order reveals how interactions beyond pairwise links affect synchronization, showing different dynamical regimes, phase transitions, and the influence of fluctuations on system dynamics.
2148h agoEntropy-Optimal Manifold Clustering (EOMC) mitigates cost scaling and robustness issues of existing dimensionality reduction tools in nonstationary and nonlinear situations, allowing for explicit computation of input data reliability and more accurate predictions.
2148h agoChiral active matter supports emergent Euler turbulence through a statistical mechanical foundation that links its agent dynamics to the overdamped Langevin equation, generating inertial spin waves and macroscopic transport without microscopic inertia.
2148h agoEcosystem stability is reshaped by the sparse and structured connections between species, leading to a topological phase transition that causes multi-stability.
2148h agoThe Mott-Berezinski theory of low-frequency AC conductivity in disordered systems is reformulated to describe transport through an effective potential that encodes spatial organization and energy-dependent localization of quantum states.
2148h agoA maximum-density dimer packing of a site-diluted kagome lattice has at most one unmatched vertex that hosts a monomer, and this property holds for certain other lattices with a specific local connectivity.
2148h agoQuasiperiodicity and topology in twisted trilayer graphene combine to drive the material into a critical regime that enables superconductivity across a wide range of twist angles.
2148h agoEvolutionary forces, thermodynamic constraints, and ecological processes likely shape the logic of living systems through complex networks of regulation and organization that actively enhance evolution.
2148h agoAperiodic monotile tilings, specifically monotile aperiodic seismic (MAS) arrays, can efficiently surpass the Whittaker-Nyquist-Shannon sampling limit when spatially sampling a wavefield.
2148h agoThe quantum conditional mutual information serves as a powerful probe for detecting measurement-induced entanglement phase transitions in monitored quantum circuits.
2148h agoThe mixed state projected ensemble, a collection of mixed states describing a local region of a quantum many-body system, tends towards limiting mixed state distributions that depend on the size of incomplete measurements, exhibiting a new kind of universality in quantum equilibration.
2148h agoThe critical theory at the threshold of long-range entanglement transitions to Nishimori universality when both qubit loss and coherent errors occur simultaneously in circuit-based quantum state preparation.
2148h agoSi doping improves the luminescence properties of In$_{0.10}$Ga$_{0.90}$N thin films by increasing photoluminescence intensity, narrowing emission linewidths, and enhancing radiative processes, but also introduces deeper localized states and increased localization.
2148h agoProgranulin deficiency causes cell-type specific changes in lysosomal protein composition in astrocytes, neurons, and microglia, affecting sphingolipid metabolism and lysosome organization.
2148h agoElevated levels of 5-HT2ARs in the prefrontal cortex contribute to Tourette syndrome, and blocking these receptors with a drug called pimavanserin reduces tic-like movements and aggression.
2148h agoActivating CA2 pyramidal cells increases seizure frequency and duration in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
2148h agoChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder have more neural "noise" in their brains during speech, which is linked to lower verbal communication skills.
2148h agoTrisomy of chromosome 21 disrupts fetal brain development in Down syndrome by reducing specific brain cells and altering gene activity, with certain chromosome 21 factors emerging as key regulators of genes linked to intellectual disability.
2148h agoThe p.R15L mutation in the CHCHD10 protein causes a mild, late-onset motor neuron disorder in mice by selectively impairing motor neurons through a gain-of-function mechanism.
2148h agoThe ganglioside osGM1 promotes recovery of neuronal polarity and axonal growth by protecting and restoring mitochondrial function and regulating the cytoskeletal pathway.
2148h agoMonkeys can synchronize to complex rhythms and learn representations that generalize across different rhythm ratios and durations, similar to humans.
2156h agoThe frontal eye field integrates population activity to generate motor commands for eye movements, with the brain combining amplitude and direction information flexibly to produce saccades.
2156h agoRepetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation above motor threshold facilitates corticospinal excitability in an intensity-dependent manner, with high-intensity stimulation inducing immediate effects and lower intensities requiring longer stimulation times.
2156h agoMost transcriptional changes that occur during long-term memory formation decay within days, even though the memory itself remains.
2156h agoScientists can now visualize and quantify whole-brain neural activity in larval zebrafish with high precision using a genetically encoded calcium indicator, capturing snapshots of neural activity during unrestrained behavior.
2156h agoThe temporal organization of slow spindles into clusters during sleep supports declarative memory consolidation, with memory performance correlating with the proportion of slow spindles clustered in trains.
2156h agoSearch mode, parallel or serial, shapes neural dynamics, with distinct brain patterns emerging under visually identical stimulation, depending on whether the target stands out or blends in with distractors.
2156h agoArousal fluctuations shape the brain's functional network states over time, allowing it to access a wider range of states and creating complex brain activity patterns.
2156h agoRepetitive mild head impacts cause a progressive neurodegenerative disease called CTE, which is marked by tau phosphorylation, axonal degeneration, chronic inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction, with endothelial cells and mitochondrial dysfunction playing key roles.
2156h agoA shared neural circuit in the right hemisphere of the brain supports non-face visual expertise across different domains, integrating visual features with semantic associations to enable recognition of similar objects.
2156h agoMice with Alzheimer's disease-like mutations have partial insomnia with more wakefulness and less sleep, and female mice show a stronger insomnia-like phenotype than males.
2156h agoMany species, from insects to mammals, use a set of connected neurons to determine their direction, and zebrafish and fruit flies use the same basic mechanism to do so.
2156h agoThe urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a marker of disease-associated microglia that drive neurodegeneration, and targeting it with CAR-T cells can selectively eliminate these harmful microglia.
2156h agoAstrocytic cholesterol determines the balance of different forms of synaptic vesicle release and endocytosis, fine-tuning synaptic strength by modulating release sites and vesicle dynamics.
2156h agoMathematics anxiety affects numerical performance by influencing attentional and memory mechanisms in the brain, particularly in areas responsible for number-space mapping and arithmetic computation.
2156h agoThe brain's ability to respond rapidly to changes is linked to its flexibility, which is unevenly distributed across regions, with associative regions contributing the most.
2156h agoThe primary visual cortex uses a convergent coding scheme to segment objects from their surroundings by boosting responses to the object and creating an orthogonal representation that efficiently separates local and global information.
2156h agoThe degeneration of medial olivocochlear efferent neurons, particularly on the contralateral side, occurs in congenitally deaf mice, but not in mice with progressive hearing loss, affecting auditory brainstem feedback circuitry.
2156h agoMany molecular layer interneurons contribute to each pinceau, allowing networks of these interneurons to control the precise timing of Purkinje cell firing through ephaptic signals.
2156h agoA single-cell spatial molecular, cellular, anatomic, and projectomic atlas of the mouse prefrontal cortex reveals that projectomic and transcriptomic cell clusters have distinct modular organization principles and coordinate to configure neural signal transmission networks.
2156h agoDopamine accelerates learning and improves pattern-detection performance, but only when released within a limited concentration and with a sufficient delay.
2156h agoHormone variability in adolescent females is associated with differences in brain structure and mental health problems, with greater progesterone variability linked to smaller left thalamus volume and greater oestradiol variability linked to fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms.
2156h agoElevated levels of the protein FAM84B drive tau propagation by facilitating tau secretion and uptake in cells, and this process can be stimulated by neuroinflammation.
2156h agoALS patients can be divided into four distinct subgroups based on TDP-43 loss-of-function signatures, which are associated with different disease severity and clinical outcomes.
2156h agoFractal analysis of brain images predicts infant age and genetic similarity, including identifying twins, better than other measures.
2160h agoChinese lifespan brain charts reveal later neurodevelopmental milestones than those found in Western cohorts, and individual deviations from these norms help assess clinical risk and outcomes.
2168h agoDifferent neuron subtypes organize specific functions by using specific RNAs in different ways, and specific molecular machinery is present in growth cones at different stages of neocortical circuit development.
2168h agoAn infraslow rhythm connecting the brain and body during sleep is shared by lizards, mammals, and birds, revealing an ancestral process that reshapes our understanding of the evolution of sleep states.
2168h agoThe international PAINDIFF Network makes 13 recommendations for studying sex and gender in pain research.
2168h agoThe isoforms of the transcription factor TCF7L2 are functionally redundant during thalamic development and TCF7L2 regulates gene expression independently of β-catenin in the embryonic thalamus.
2168h agoMetabolic constraints regulate network stability by creating an "inverted-U" relationship between bioenergetics and learning, where too little or too much energy leads to poor learning performance.
2172h agoA numerical-twin framework represents transient narrowband activity as a two-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with three parameters: decay rate, mean frequency, and noise amplitude.
2172h agoRepresentational drift, or the gradual change in neural representations over time, is a common phenomenon in biological neural networks that could inform approaches to continual learning in artificial systems.
2172h agoSLIM-Brain, a new atlas-free foundation model, improves data and training efficiency for fMRI analysis while preserving fine-grained spatial details and achieving state-of-the-art performance on diverse tasks.
2172h agoThe brain implements coherence during language comprehension through two distinct neural processes: slow contextual integration and rapid event-driven reconfiguration.
2172h agoThe solution of the defocusing Manakov system on nonzero background takes the form of a modulated multisoliton with a dispersive correction term of order $t^{-1/2}$ in the long-time asymptotic behavior.
2172h agoThe BKM equations have Lax pairs that provide a unified framework for many integrable systems, including Camassa-Holm and cKdV, through a Sturm-Liouville operator with a rational potential.
2172h agoA category-theoretical model of cellular automata computation is presented through a practical implementation in Haskell, enabling stochastic behavior and facilitating a mapping between simulation, system rules, and categorical descriptions.
2172h agoThe nonlinear diffusion equation with arbitrary power-law drift has exact, multi-mode solutions that describe how probability flux is absorbed and redistributed over time.
2172h agoThe dynamics of Toda curves of order $N$ are introduced, governing differential equations are derived, and the results are applied to describe deformations of Toda chains, Jacobi matrices, and Seiberg-Witten theory.
2172h agoThe formalism of stochastic differential equations belongs to a class of topological field theories, revealing a topological supersymmetry and providing a new understanding of chaotic dynamics.
2172h agoA new solution to the three-dimensional reflection equation is constructed, involving quantum dilogarithms with arguments in the $q$-Weyl algebra.
2172h agoSpectral submanifolds are invariant manifolds of a dynamical system that are tangent to a spectral subspace of the linearized dynamics at a steady state and have desirable properties such as smoothness, attractivity, and conditional uniqueness.
2172h agoHabitat fragmentation and diversity can promote unconditional cooperation and altruism in populations, even in harsh environmental conditions, by boosting the evolution of pure altruism and suppressing ethnocentric cooperation.
2172h agoInhibitory neurons increase the stability of neural network dynamics, and the model displays phase transitions between disorder and order, with chaotic dynamics emerging in the unstable phase.
2172h agoA two-state framework uses a density-matrix representation to model the coarse-grained behavior of a chaotic bistable oscillator, capturing inter-well switching with a mathematical generator.
2172h agoActive solids with internal driving and elasticity can exhibit autonomous inertial dynamics and complex nonlinear motion through the consumption of chemical fuel.
2172h agoA deterministic denoising algorithm for discrete-state diffusion models based on Markov chains improves efficiency and sample quality in text and image generation tasks.
2172h agoA hierarchy of integrable equations is constructed, including extensions of the Liouville, sinh-Gordon, cosh-Gordon, and mKdV equations, and these equations have conserved charges with nontrivial grading.
2172h agoInhibitory neurons increase the stability of neural network dynamics, and the model displays phase transitions between disorder and order, with chaotic dynamics emerging in the unstable phase.
2172h agoDisorder can induce superfluidity in a system with more than two energy levels per site, as shown by measurements on a superconducting processor.
2172h agoA new spatial photonic Ising machine, called AR-SPIM, directly maps a 797-spin Ising model with external fields into an incoherent light field, achieving a high encoding accuracy and low error rate for solving complex optimization problems.
2172h agoThe spectral localizer method computes the topological invariant of a quantum Hamiltonian as the signature of a finite localizer matrix.
2172h agoLocal focused ion beam irradiation changes the properties of a metal-insulator material, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, converting it from a ferromagnetic-metal to a paramagnetic-insulator, and applying electric stimuli then induces a repeatable insulator-to-metal transition with onset of magnetism.
2172h agoA statistical mechanical model can be constructed for stabilizer circuits subject to independent Pauli errors, allowing for analysis and comparison of the decoding properties of quantum error-correcting codes.
2172h agoA quantum system's information critical phase, where the Markov length diverges, preserves a fractional logical information in a decohered $\mathbb{Z}_{N}$ Toric code and acts as a fractional topological quantum memory.
2172h agoResearchers found hidden self-duality in a class of quasiperiodic network models, which yields exact mobility edges and helps understand the Anderson transition.
2172h agoA new class of network models with quasiperiodic slowly varying potentials allows for the exact determination of mobility edges, which can be realized in optical waveguides to observe Anderson transitions in small physical systems.
2172h agoThe Lyapunov exponent can become non-analytic in the localized phase at the boundaries between different localization modes if localization centers are inhomogeneous across a system.
2172h agoThe soft committee machine with ReLU activation learns in a way that its generalization error decreases smoothly with dataset size when the teacher and student networks have similar dimensions, and the error scales inversely with dataset size in the limit of infinite data.
2172h agoThe study finds that the spin chirality decoupling picture explains the experimental spin-glass phase transition in the 3D $\pm J$ XY model.
2172h agoThe electroencephalographic abnormalities in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy include global alterations in EEG morphology, a near-total suppression of theta rhythm activity during REM sleep, and a novel pattern of synchronized slow waves.
2176h agoThe strength of attentional allocation to tracked targets does not decrease with increasing speed or number of moving objects, but tracking performance still declines.
2176h agoRumination is associated with rigid brain dynamics during self-observation and evaluative processing, showing reduced brain-state variability in individuals with higher trait rumination.
2196h agoA new method called CoMA-UNet can synthesize 3D tau PET scans from T1 MRI scans, producing results that closely match real PET scans and are accurate enough for clinical and research use.
2200h agoNFIs regulate the development and lifespan of radial glial progenitors, and their misexpression leads to brain malformations and abnormal neocortical development.
2200h agoMiR-383-5p alleviates hemorrhagic transformation and brain injury after reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke by regulating NOX4 and reducing oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis.
2200h agoRegions of V2 and V3 represent the contralateral visual hemifield in parallel with V1 and with each other, and the DL-V4 region serves as a major node linking dorsal and ventral streams of visual processing.
2200h agoKetone body metabolism plays a crucial role in maintaining Muller cell function and retinal integrity by supporting glutamate homeostasis and redox balance.
2200h agoCircadian disruption directly impairs object recognition memory by disrupting the connection between the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the hippocampus, and reorganizing brain-wide functional connectivity.
2200h agoEpisodic experience triggers coordinated ensemble activity in the hippocampus, leading to changes in neural representation and synaptic remodeling that contribute to memory encoding.
2204h agoNeural Latching Switch Circuits can be assembled to create neural architectures that support complex temporal structures in behavior, enabling the implementation of any procedural behavior.
2204h agoDeclining physical activity with age is caused by changes in brain serotonin neurons, specifically the activity at 5-HT2C receptors in the ventral tegmental area.
2204h agoLetsACT, a multimodal integration platform, enables analysis of human brain cells at single-cell resolution, producing one of the largest human cortical morphology datasets to date and revealing how tumor infiltration affects neuronal morphology and gene expression.
2204h agoInteractions between rod and cone signals in the retina impair motion direction discrimination under low light conditions.
2204h agoMicroglia interact with noradrenergic axons in the frontal cortex to promote cortical norepinephrine transmission and maintain stable wakefulness.
2204h agoA modular, low-cost behavioral platform enables precise measurement of movement and arousal in head-fixed mice, providing insights into how the brain transforms sensory input into coordinated action.
2204h agoRiluzole improves memory impairment caused by A{beta}1-42 oligomers in Alzheimer's disease by reducing neuronal damage, promoting glial protection, and preserving synaptic integrity.
2204h agoHuntington disease causes selective loss of certain brain cells, particularly those with large CAG repeat expansions, and this cell loss is linked to specific patterns of transcriptional changes and huntingtin aggregation.
2204h agoThe habenula inhibits activity in the ventral tegmental area and dorsal raphe nucleus in response to negative feedback and excites them in response to positive feedback, guiding adaptive behavior.
2216h agoPeople with generalized anxiety disorder have changes in the brain's white matter, including weaker prefrontal control and stronger cingulate connectivity, which are linked to their anxiety and worry levels.
2216h agoPreterm birth disrupts the maturation of brain structural organisation and functional activity, particularly affecting theta oscillations and aperiodic activity in early infancy.
2216h agoMitochondrial removal through mitophagy in axons increases only when neuronal activity and mitochondrial damage occur together, and this process requires Pink1.
2228h agoPregabalin provides robust and sustained symptom relief for patients with restless legs syndrome who have end-stage renal disease.
2228h agoThe visual system integrates sensory information across space and time through a continuous process, where temporal integration is enhanced when visual events are close in time, aligned in space, and brief.
2228h agoInducing a hibernation-like state suppresses the progression of early amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease model mice.
2228h agoA shared ensemble of neurons in the prelimbic area of the brain tracks activity across multiple behaviors, predicting a specific combination of impulsivity and anxiety-like behavior.
2228h agoThe cognitive map, formed by the hippocampus, helps animals adapt their behavior by encoding spatiotemporal proximity and perceived salience, guiding behavior based on motivational state.
2228h agoThe specific phases of breathing affect memory performance, with the late exhalation phase during both encoding and retrieval being a favorable time for shaping memory.
2228h agoA multifactorial causal framework identifies causal pathways from cognitive and personality traits to mental health outcomes in adolescents, highlighting potential personalized intervention targets.
2232h agoMicroRNAs play critical roles in the development and differentiation of human oligodendrocyte cells, with specific microRNAs enriched at distinct stages of cell maturation.
2232h agoLow vision does not increase susceptibility to cross-modal illusions overall; instead, auditory enhancement depends on local visual reliability.
2232h agoInducing Plagl2 and antagonizing Dyrk1a activates neurogenesis, reduces amyloid-beta deposition, and improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease model mice by changing gene expression in the hippocampus.
2232h agoSampling rate affects data quality in event-related potential research, with univariate analysis metrics most impacted and multivariate decoding performance remaining robust even at lower sampling rates.
2232h agoActivated microglia interact with vasculature in a way that contributes to depression by damaging vascular structure and function through a process involving angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling.
2232h agoPhysiological upscaling of the active zone scaffold Bruchpilot expands the number of functional release sites, reduces vesicle release probability, and establishes a presynaptic operating mode with enhanced transmission at intermediate firing frequencies.
2232h agoMutations in Eml1 disrupt normal brain development by altering the trafficking of organelles and affecting translation in apical radial glia progenitors, leading to severe heterotopia formation.
2232h agoSpatially consistent activation of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) drives memory-guided navigation, and this activation helps form memories for locations that predict rewards.
2232h agoPaced breathing increases cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oscillations, and breathing at a frequency of 0.02-0.03 Hz especially strengthens the link between CSF oscillations and brain activity.
2232h agoElectroconvulsive therapy disrupts hippocampal functions and causes memory loss for specific types of information, particularly object-context associations.
2232h agoThe UC Irvine Brain Procurement Program establishes a community-based framework to collect and process neurotypical human brains for mapping studies, demonstrating the feasibility of recruiting donors and processing brains while highlighting challenges in ensuring demographic representation.
2232h agoThe human nigrostriatal pathway can be modeled in vitro using a compartmentalized stem cell-based system, allowing study of its development, degeneration, and potential therapeutic interventions.
2232h agoL-DOPA affects learning by decreasing switching after low rewards and modelling shows it has a dual effect on the rate and precision of learning.
2232h agoPsilocybin decreases reward seeking by increasing the activation of specific brain cells in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.
2232h agoThe SAFB protein PHM-2 regulates synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junctions in C. elegans by controlling SLO-2 potassium channel expression through a posttranscriptional mechanism.
2236h agoSCA27B is caused by reduced FGF14 production, leading to decreased neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission, which can be restored by treatment with a synthetic elongation transcription factor called Syn-TEF1.
2236h agoReciprocal loops between the neocortex and thalamus form an amplifier circuit that can switch between integrating and amplifying modes, leading to competitive selection of motor commands.
2240h agoMitochondrial function and purine metabolism are interdependent and their disruption leads to neurodevelopmental problems, through compromised genome stability, impaired cell proliferation, and delayed neuronal maturation.
2240h agoOptimizing audiobook speech parameters allows for faster and more efficient measurement of auditory brainstem responses to complex sounds, with the largest responses evoked when narrator's fundamental frequency is lowered to 90-110 Hz.
2240h agoNeural oscillations are reflected in reliable behavioral oscillations in the theta band, and the relationship between task difficulty and the frequency of these oscillations requires further study.
2240h agoNeurons in the anterior inferotemporal cortex integrate visual evidence over time to form decisions and transform sensory inputs to support goal-directed behavior.
2240h agoBrain maturation trajectories in adolescence are associated with birth weight and changes in mental health.
2240h agoA fast, direct pathway in the brain processes threatening sounds in humans, using a route from the auditory system to the amygdala, similar to a known pathway for visual threat processing.
2240h agoSpatial distance between an action and its outcome does not weaken the sense of agency, as current evidence shows no effect of distance on the feeling of control over one's actions and consequences.
2244h agoA new modeling framework replaces traditional hidden Markov models with mixed additive models to better account for subject-level differences and nonlinear effects of experimental covariates on neurophysiological signals.
2244h agoBlocking Kv1.3 channels reduces neuroinflammation and neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease by impacting microglia, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and astrocytes, and modulating type 2 IFN signaling.
2244h agoFisher information, a measure of neuronal sensitivity to stimuli, becomes unreliable in realistic settings with complex or high-dimensional stimuli, but alternative measures, stimulus-specific information and local information, provide a more robust quantification of sensitivity.
2244h agoThe functional properties of retinal ganglion cells mature and change over development, with some cells maintaining their response types and others changing to become more specialized in detecting motion.
2244h agoEmpathy leads to a faster perceived passage of time, and this effect is linked to greater visual attention to the eyes, not to changes in physiological arousal.
2244h agoAnesthesia causes brain spindles through the irregular firing of thalamic and cortical neurons, which is linked to the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurons and their interactions.
2244h agoPupil dilations in response to task-irrelevant sounds predict memory success, but the sounds themselves do not improve memory.
2244h agoA portable optically pumped magnetometer system can decode fine finger movements and detect muscle activation patterns without skin contact, matching the abilities of electromyography.
2244h agoCombining the drug valproate with constraint induced movement therapy improves functional recovery after a stroke by enhancing neuroprotective effects and modulating stress responses.
2244h agoPredictability of a robot's behavior is more important than smoothness for building trust with humans, and consistent behavior leads to increased trust and positive feelings over time.
2244h agoMice make rapid response revisions when faced with uncertain olfactory stimuli, especially for complex odors, and this cognitive flexibility is controlled by neural mechanisms in the olfactory bulb.
2244h agoThe AAV capsid variants PHP.eB and CNSRCV300 cross the blood-brain barrier more efficiently than AAV9, with CNSRCV300 showing the best balance between brain targeting and safety.
2244h agoDopamine and octopamine alter odor-driven neural activity in opposite ways, with dopamine increasing and octopamine decreasing neural activity and behavioral responses to odors.
2244h agoCdk5/p35 signaling plays a critical role in maintaining the functional balance between prefrontal and hippocampal networks, and its dysregulation leads to working memory impairment in ADHD, with sex-specific differences in neuronal activation and pharmacological responses.
2244h agoThe removal of brain waste by mural Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (muLECs) is highest during the waking day and is regulated by a combination of the circadian clock and time spent awake.
2244h agoA new affordable photometry system using a multi-fiber array allows monitoring of neural signals across multiple brain regions, enabling the identification of state-dependent, region-specific neural dynamics.
2248h agoThe sensitivity to detect local auditory changes is not uniform over time, instead it follows an inverted U-shape, being worse at sound start and end, and best in the middle.
2248h agoThyroid hormone deficiency disrupts brain maturation and function, leading to intellectual disability and movement disorders in Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome, by causing an imbalance in GABAergic versus glutamatergic signaling, perturbing primary cilia formation, and altering oligodendrocyte development.
2248h agoThe capillary endothelial cell Arf6 sustains Kir2.1 channel activity by maintaining phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) levels, which is critical for directing blood flow to active brain regions.
2248h agoPupil diameter changes during motion planning reflect preparatory processes and can be measured using a luminance-insensitive method called pupillary hippus, making it possible to study motion planning in natural conditions.
2248h agoSensory information from different sources is integrated in a specific order in the brain, with separate areas handling visual and tactile evidence before combining into a single decision.
2248h agoCells without usual clock parts can still have strong daily rhythms, and different types of cells use distinct mechanisms to generate and follow these rhythms.
2248h agoAutophagy dynamics vary by location within neurons and are modulated by experience, with different cell types and neuronal compartments showing distinct autophagy levels and activity.
2248h agoA deep learning approach accurately detects electrodes in focal tDCS-fMRI studies, achieving robust segmentation and outperforming manual and semi-automated methods.
2248h agoThe E83Q mutation in alpha-synuclein causes a local rearrangement in the protein's structure, bringing the hydrophobic region closer to the N-terminus, which in turn enhances protein aggregation and pathogenic properties.
2248h agoExon skipping works better in restoring dystrophin protein and improving muscle pathology when treatment starts early rather than later in life.
2248h agoA new sensor called LifeCamp enables the measurement of baseline calcium levels and fast calcium transients in neurons, allowing for a better understanding of neuronal activity and signaling.
2248h agoHigh doses of radiation cause hearing loss by damaging the cochlea, with mice exposed to 24 and 32 Gy experiencing progressive hearing loss, hair cell damage, and changes to ribbon synapses and spiral ganglion neurons.
2248h agoDifferent types of cells in the habenula contribute to distinct depressive-like behaviors through unique transcriptional profiles and cellular circuits.
2252h agoSchizophrenia risk is linked to changes in placental cell development, which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and shows distinct patterns in male and female cells.
2256h agoGlobal conflict in the environment suppresses Pavlovian avoidance and enhances goal-directed behaviour, especially in individuals with high anxiety.
2256h agoMice habituated to physical restraint inside and outside an fMRI environment show changes in stress levels, but head motion and brain connectivity remain stable during scanning.
2256h agoMicroglia fail to regulate excitatory synapses in a negative feedback mechanism in brains with diffuse midline glioma, leading to an imbalance in neural networks that increases neuronal excitability.
2256h agoListeners process human and AI voices through different neurological mechanisms, with prosodic cues influencing these processes in distinct ways.
2256h agoThe visual system of a fly transforms photoreceptor inputs into diverse perceptual representations through a multi-layered architecture with distinct pathways that extract and integrate visual features.
2256h agoALS/PDC is a CTE-like tauopathy with tau seeds found in brain and spinal cord that shows an aggregate incorporation pattern similar to chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
2256h agoBrain language processing uses predictive inference, and a new machine learning framework decodes neural responses to visual language stimuli in Deaf signers, identifying key neural features that differentiate normal from disrupted language input.
2268h agoSelecting outcomes that provide the most information about the world model structure allows for efficient learning under a set of possible models or hypotheses.
2268h agoComputational neuroscience models can now be tuned in real-time to adapt to new environments or larger networks, mimicking biological cells' ability to continuously adjust their parameters through homeostatic plasticity.
2268h agoMost EEG foundation models adopt a sequence-based modeling scheme with transformer-based backbones and reconstruction of masked temporal EEG sequences for self-supervision, but their evaluations are often heterogeneous and limited.
2268h agoA state-of-the-art method stabilizes brain networks modelled from EEG data, suppressing seizure activity in 34 out of 35 episodes from patients.
2268h agoThe lectures introduce graduate students to epidemic models using material from the 2025 Summer school at Fundação Getulio Vargas.
2268h agoA bio-inspired 3D flocking algorithm enables drone swarms to exhibit collective motion, transitioning between swarming and schooling behaviors through simple local interactions.
2268h agoThe Nijhoff-Quispel-Capel equation can be formulated in different ways, including a new perspective based on eigenfunctions of a Lax pair of the lattice modified Korteweg de Vries equation.
2268h agoA new operator-theoretic framework generates a strongly unstable flow that captures the global growth of zero density in the Riemann zeta function, producing eigenvalue statistics similar to those of the nontrivial zeros.
2268h agoA novel active matter model with tunable alignment angles shows distinct collective behavior, including the formation of anti-parallel bands, due to frustration in many-body interactions.
2268h agoDiscrete bright matter-wave solitons with attractive interaction exist in an optical lattice and their characteristics depend on lattice depths and spacings.
2268h agoConservation laws are computed for nonlinear partial differential equations that arise in elasticity and acoustics using a scaling homogeneity approach and the multiplier method.
2268h agoAn analytical framework calculates key observables in a strongly disordered discrete time crystal without fitting parameters, showing quantitative agreement with numerical simulations for localization, spin-glass orders, entanglement, and oscillations.
2268h agoOrganic mixed conductors exhibit unique dynamics that involve the coupling of electronic, ionic, and mass transport, and can be described as a lattice gas with a first-order phase transition that explains the formation of distinct low- and high-density carrier phases.
2268h agoInter-defect interaction has a greater impact on the properties of acceptor-doped wide-gap perovskites than inter-vacancy correlations, affecting defect thermodynamics, local structure, and oxidation.
2268h agoA charged particle diffuses in a magnetic field with stochastic fluctuations, and its motion transitions from confinement to exponential acceleration depending on the mean magnetic field and fluctuation statistics.
2268h agoSolving partial differential equations using annealing-based approach involves transforming the problem into a generalized eigenvalue problem that can be solved through iterative optimization.
2268h agoThe human body has a stable brain-body dynamic that shows slow, spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity, autonomic physiology, and movement, and this dynamic is mainly influenced by sensory inputs and bottom-up feedback.
2268h agoChildhood adversity affects the development of brain connections in stress-sensitive areas, and these changes can protect against or increase the risk of mental health problems.
2268h agoThe brain implements coherence during language comprehension through two distinct neural processes: slow contextual integration in default-mode network hubs and rapid event-driven reconfiguration in primary auditory and language association cortex.
2272h agoSpin glasses freeze collectively in a structurally disordered state and show slow, history-dependent dynamics due to their rugged free-energy landscape, which is shaped by microscopic ingredients such as quenched randomness, frustration, and competing exchange interactions.
2272h agoExpressing certain receptors in oligodendrocyte precursor cells alters their properties and bidirectionally regulates their differentiation into myelinating cells.
2276h agoMultiple neuromodulators exhibit synchronized infraslow cortical oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep.
2276h agoThe rat grimace scale scores increase in disease models associated with persistent pain and decrease with analgesic drug treatment.
2280h agoThe neural mechanisms of willed attention control involve the activation of the dorsal attention network and a frontoparietal decision network, which helps decide where to focus attention without external instructions.
2280h agoWnt signaling shapes the fate of NG2 glia after brain injury, influencing their proliferation, differentiation, and ability to transform into other cell types, including astrocyte-like cells and neuron-like cells.
2280h agoA unifying computational framework explains how the optimism heuristic influences behavior across different contexts, revealing interactions between optimism, reward processing, and decision-making strategies.
2280h agoAmyloid-beta disrupts the timing of peripheral clocks, such as those in the hippocampus, but not the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), leading to a possible decoupling of peripheral oscillators from the central timing system.
2280h agoNumerical variability affects network-derived outcomes in functional MRI studies, with measurable influences on graph measures of functional connectivity.
2280h agoCognitive disorganization impairs the ability to infer relational structure from visual input, but not from linguistic descriptions, leading to disrupted spatial sensitivity and reward generalization.
2280h agoA framework using pseudo-CT methods provides a way to accurately correct for attenuation in PET scans, enabling the use of MRI without directly measuring photon attenuation.
2280h agoPD-L1 blockade clears senescent microglia, which drives chronic neuroinflammation in aging and Alzheimer's disease, and promotes disease modification by increasing homeostatic microglia.
2280h agoPATZ1 induces nucleosome eviction at regeneration-associated gene loci, which leads to chromatin remodeling and helps to overcome epigenetic barriers to CNS regeneration.
2280h agoPerceived discrimination in childhood is linked to changes in brain connections, particularly in children who experience traumatic events, and this may increase the risk of future mental health problems.
2280h agoHigh-resolution diffusion MRI scans of the macaque brain are achieved using a 10.5 Tesla scanner, producing data with resolutions of 750 microns in vivo and 400 microns ex vivo.
2280h agoThe formation of protein-rich aggregates is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, and researchers have found compounds that reduce the uptake of these aggregates in cells.
2280h agoPsychedelic science is rapidly growing but faces challenges including a lack of understanding of its history, accomplishments, and pharmacology, which must be addressed for responsible advancement.
2288h agoPeople's brain activity, speech, and movement are coordinated and interact with each other, with rhythmic interactions between gait and speech being stronger during speaking than listening.
2288h agoHumans process concrete words more similarly across languages than abstract words in their brains, and the similarity of brain activity for concrete and abstract concepts is similar across languages.
2288h agoRepeated exposure to polyphonic music changes how the brain processes the relationship between a melody and accompanying sounds, making the melody less prominent and the lower voices more prominent.
2288h agoLoss-of-function mutations in GRIN2A lead to brain-wide translation dysregulation, affecting neurons, interneurons, and non-neuronal cells, and potentially causing schizophrenia.
2288h agoThe combination of stress and social isolation regulates cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) differently in male and female mice, with Cdk5 changes seen only in males, while female mice show less immobility and more exploratory behavior under all conditions.
2288h agoEarly life adversity strengthens a brain pathway that increases threat responses and avoidance behavior in adolescence, potentially contributing to psychiatric vulnerability.
2288h agoImmune activation affects the relationship between dopamine levels and anhedonia in youth with depression, such that lower dopamine availability is linked to greater anhedonia when immune activation is high.
2288h agoScientists develop a method to generate spinal interneurons from human embryonic stem cells that closely match their natural counterparts in the human spinal cord.
2288h agoRestoring TCF4 in juvenile mice with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome largely fails to correct most symptoms, except for a measure of cognitive function, revealing a narrow early window for effective treatment.
2288h agoReal-time fMRI neurofeedback training helps people gain control over the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala, reducing anxiety by enhancing this regulatory circuit.
2288h agoMunc13 protein plays a crucial role in evoked dopamine release from the somata and dendrites of midbrain dopamine neurons, similar to its role in axonal dopamine release.
2288h agoEmotional expressions can be reliably decoded from facial and vocal signals in multiple brain regions, and a shared neural code for facial and vocal emotions is implemented in several key areas.
2288h agoParvalbumin-expressing interneurons play a layer-dependent role in shaping orientation tuning in the primate primary visual cortex, implementing linear gain control in granular layers and tuned nonlinear suppression in extra-granular layers.
2288h agoRetinoic acid signaling helps specify the prefrontal cortex in the brain through a regulatory network that includes the MEIS2 gene, which is crucial for establishing and maintaining the identity of prefrontal and motor cortical areas.
2288h agoCertain pathogenic bacteria in the larval gut change the way adults recognize bacterial signals, and this effect is caused by uracil produced by the bacteria, which acts through specific molecules and cells in the larval gut.
2288h agoThe posterior parietal cortex sends mainly movement information to the motor cortex, and does not pass on its specialized visual information that helps with specific tasks.
2288h agoBrain network mapping identifies fifteen subnetworks in subcortical regions that form four large-scale brain networks with distinct and overlapping spatial configurations.
2288h agoMyelination plays a crucial role in supporting cortical circuit dynamics that drive skilled movement by maintaining efficient neuronal activity and synchrony, and myelin loss impairs motor output by causing inhibitory axonal propagation failures.
2288h agoSelf-motion plays a key role in organizing the geometry of learned cognitive maps, allowing them to remain stable even when sensory cues are weak or conflicting.
2292h agoA new framework using Deep Learning algorithms and transcranial electrical stimulation can classify EEG brain responses and provide a reliable measure of brain state, achieving 92% accuracy in testing on new participants.
2292h agoThe brain implements coherence during language comprehension through two dissociable neural regimes: slow contextual integration and rapid event-driven reconfiguration.
2292h agoAnimals use past experiences to adapt future behavior by re-coding sensory inputs in neural structures, and plasticity within these structures plays a crucial role in associative learning.
2292h agoThe brain's network structure limits its ability to process information, and this limitation can be overcome by interacting with the outside world through behavior.
2292h agoThis note clarifies aspects of geometric lifts and Stäckel lift raised in a previous comment.
2292h agoThe growth rate of Out-of-Time-Ordered Commutators (OTOCs) in quantum chaotic systems can be described by a universal function that depends on the number of degrees of freedom and temperature.
2292h agoThe study identifies 18 distinct conserved quantities in the Lorenz system, organized into three classes, that provide independent constraints on trajectory history and exhibit class-dependent dynamical signatures.
2292h agoNon-reciprocal adaptive couplings in generalized Kuramoto models induce metastability of anti-phase synchronized clusters of oscillators, which is characterized by metastable switching and driven by individual oscillators changing their cluster affiliation.
2292h agoThe squared-eigenfunctions-based perturbation theory correctly predicts the slow-time evolution of dark soliton parameters and the radiation shelf emerging on the sides of the soliton.
2292h agoThe shape and size of an elliptical Janus particle determine its motion on a water surface, which is driven by Marangoni forces caused by a surface tension gradient.
2292h agoThe random Hermitian matrix model with an external source has a limiting local statistics of eigenvalues around 0 that follows a new kernel built from the Boussinesq equation in certain critical regimes.
2292h agoBreathers on an elliptic wave background are nonlinear superpositions of a soliton and a periodic wave that interact periodically, and two families of breathers with bright and dark profiles are constructed for the defocusing modified Korteweg-de Vries equation.
2292h agoCell differentiation plays a fundamental role in morphogenesis by helping to reproducibly create complex body shapes through the segregation of moving and stationary cells.
2292h agoA generalized simulated bifurcation algorithm achieves almost 100% success probabilities for some large-scale combinatorial optimization problems by harnessing the edge of chaos.
2292h agoA time-crystalline phase emerges in a single-band holographic superconductor when incorporating nonlinear gauge-scalar coupling and external driving.
2292h agoSpin glasses freeze collectively in a structurally disordered state and show slow, history-dependent dynamics due to a rugged free-energy landscape caused by quenched randomness, frustration, and competing exchange interactions.
2292h agoThe upper and lower bounds for effective conductivity in two-dimensional three- and four-phase composites are universal and possess key algebraic properties, and they agree with previous numerical calculations and exact results.
2292h agoSpin squeezed entanglement can be generated in a two-dimensional randomly diluted lattice of quantum dipoles, but only survives with increasing disorder near the Heisenberg point.
2292h agoMeasurements at generic angles preserve logical quantum information, either by keeping the topological order robust for weak measurements or by transferring the information to a classical shadow for projective measurements.
2292h agoPower-law interactions in physical systems produce different dynamics in information scrambling compared to nearest-neighbor interactions.
2292h agoThe study investigates how high-energy processes affect sound quanta in simple liquids at low temperatures, and finds that the liquids have emergent non-interacting elementary excitations with phonon-like dispersion relations and additional excitations with gapped dispersion relations.
2292h agoThe complexity of predicting local properties of a solution from local information, called "local hardness", varies depending on the model and is connected to global critical threshold instabilities.
2292h agoGlauber dynamics outperforms traditional approaches in solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems by using stochastic fluctuations to find better solutions.
2292h agoNon-Hermitian off-diagonal disordered optical lattices show unusual transport behavior, including jumps between distant lattice regions, and unconventional localization properties.
2292h agoMachine learning models for predicting electronic structure can achieve accurate results with much smaller datasets than previously thought, challenging the need for extensive datasets.
2292h agoRetinotopic organization in the primary visual cortex determines the topological structure of neural population activity in response to moving stimuli.
2292h agoHearing aid users show similar ability to focus on a target speaker in noisy environments as people with typical hearing, but cochlear implant users have difficulty separating the target speaker from background noise.
2292h agoLabile zinc ions are stored in and released from specific excitatory synapses in the central nervous system, and this release differs between excitatory and inhibitory synapses across hippocampal regions during seizures.
2292h agoAttending to one component of a rapidly alternating stimulus changes its perceived appearance, making it seem physically present for a greater proportion of time.
2296h agoMechanical threat triggers a coupled response in the heart and behavior, with specific dopaminergic neurons in the brain regulating cardiac deceleration and modulating behavior in response to threat.
2296h agoMonocular deprivation during a critical period reorganizes local excitatory synapses on specific inhibitory neurons and strengthens inhibitory transmission, leading to changes in visual responses.
2296h agoRetinal sheet transplants restore not only basic visual responses but also higher-order cortical mechanisms involving extra-classical surround suppression in rats with degenerated retinas.
2296h agoThe mouse superior colliculus inherits an organized code for motion and edges from the retina and transforms it into a broad coverage of directions and orientations at every visual location.
2300h agoCombining tirzepatide and leptin leads to stronger effects on weight loss and metabolic health in obesity management.
2300h agoHuman pluripotent stem cells can be used to create a model of the blood-brain barrier that develops mature functional properties and has high barrier impermeability.
2300h agoTianeptine causes a disinhibition of CA1 pyramidal cells by reducing inhibitory synaptic transmission, which leads to changes in hippocampal network activity.
2300h agoVitreous hyperreflective foci (VHRFs) appear as early as 6 hours after optic nerve injury and indicate early inflammation that leads to retinal ganglion cell degeneration.
2300h agoA low-rank tensor decomposition framework for cross-bispectral EEG data expresses the bispectrum as a product of a spatial mixing matrix and a compact source-interaction tensor, yielding an interpretable representation of dominant coupling components.
2300h agoExisting bifactor models of psychopathology do not strengthen the relationship between brain features and psychiatric symptoms, and improving the depth of symptom assessment may provide more substantial gains.
2300h agoNon-phosphorylatable -synuclein directly causes Parkinson's disease-like symptoms and brain abnormalities in mice.
2300h agoSarm1 drives synapse degeneration in Alzheimer's disease brains by mediating synaptic damage and triggering neuroinflammation, and its deletion can reverse synapse loss, amyloid burden, and cognitive decline.
2300h agoPFL1 neurons in the fruit fly's brain transform a world-centric reference frame to a body-centric one by combining head direction input with allocentric vectors, facilitating navigation to a goal.
2300h agoeIF3d modulates nociceptive plasticity under stress conditions and selectively regulates inflammatory and central pain sensitization.
2300h agoThe Data-driven Importance MEtric (DIME) helps accurately localize the seizure onset zone in epilepsy patients, improving surgical treatment outcomes with increased datasets.
2300h agoAdolescents who use cannabis show altered neurocognitive trajectories, with a slight initial cognitive advantage that diminishes over time, affecting domains such as memory, processing speed, and inhibitory control.
2300h agoA Bayesian nonparametric method identifies distinct oscillatory states in brain activity data while determining the number of states directly from the data.
2300h agoCyfip2 plays a critical role in assembling visual sensorimotor circuits by regulating actin dynamics during a specific window of development, and its disruption leads to severe deficits in visually-driven behaviors such as prey capture and responses to light and darkness.
2300h agoPesticide exposure causes Parkinson-like symptoms in mice, but these symptoms and the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells are reversed within 12 months after exposure stops.
2300h agoIncentives change voluntary movement by engaging distinct brain circuits, with an open-loop circuit from the ventral putamen routing affective signals to the motor cortex and being differentially activated depending on the type of incentive.
2300h agoAuditory rhythms enhance visual task performance by improving detection accuracy and response speed, even in non-rhythmic tasks, with the strongest effect at 2 Hz that varies with individual motor tempo.
2300h agoDiverse exposure to faces helps people and computers recognize faces from different groups equally well, and leads to a more integrated and generalizable representation of faces.
2300h agoDetecting inconsistencies between physical objects and digital information through hybrid brain-computer interfaces is feasible, with a 70% accuracy rate in distinguishing between congruent and incongruent information.
2300h agoFAAH inhibition protects against memory deficits and reduces stress responses in the body, with the effect being stronger in males and associated with different hormone levels in males and females.
2300h agoTheta-band transcranial temporal interference stimulation enhances neural sensitivity to unfavorable food outcomes in individuals with food addiction.
2300h agoCo-transplanting specific types of cells with dopamine-producing neurons increases their development, maturation, and function, leading to improved potential for treating Parkinson's disease.
2304h agoThe brain's motor cortex has a more complex structure for goal-directed movements like reaching than for routine movements like walking.
2304h agoDANT, a new framework, enables accurate tracking of single neurons across days in long-term recordings by correcting for changes in spike waveforms and neural responses.
2304h agoOLM interneurons dynamically regulate behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity and stabilize hippocampal representations during learning.
2304h agoThe binocular field emerges through the coordinated alignment of multiple developmental processes across levels of organization, including shifts in orbital and ocular orientations, sharpening of retinal ganglion cell distributions, and maturation of ipsilateral projections.
2308h agoScientists propose an alternative approach to studying the brain by questioning the traditional focus on brain areas and instead suggest using neuroanatomy and electrophysiology.
2312h agoChanges in axon initial segment length in the prefrontal cortex accompany fear learning and extinction, and are a key feature of neuronal adaptation and memory formation.
2312h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregates form in dopaminergic neurons when treated with preformed fibrils, a process that depends on endogenous alpha-synuclein levels and can be measured using an automated seeding assay.
2312h agoCombining transcranial direct current stimulation with closed-loop acoustic stimulation during slow-wave sleep improves overnight retention on declarative memory tasks and changes sleep-related neural oscillations.
2312h agoIncreased levels of a specific histone modification, H3K4me3, in the hippocampus of aged mice blunt the normal response to learning stimuli, but treatment with the LSD1 inhibitor ORY-1001 restores normal learning and memory.
2312h agoHuman cortical organoids transplanted into rodent brains mature and show increasing neuronal activity and synchronicity over time.
2312h agoMitochondrial dysfunction changes neuronal development and function in bipolar disorder, producing different effects depending on whether there is a family history of mitochondrial disease.
2312h agoSinging and speaking rely on different brain mechanisms, with singing using a bilaterally coordinated pathway in the sensorimotor cortex and speaking relying on a left-dominant activation.
2312h agoThe brains of older people show better structural connectivity in certain areas and have neuroprotective features that help them cope with ageing.
2312h agoAmyloid-beta accumulation disrupts working-memory systems, especially in regions of the default mode network, and affects how well older adults perform memory tasks.
2312h agoDecreased expression of certain genes associated with energy metabolism in brain cells leads to changes in energy metabolites in schizophrenia.
2312h agoWhite matter tracts are positioned in the cortical hierarchy to support specific cognitive functions, connecting regions with diverse biological characteristics and cognitive abilities.
2312h agoAdjacent regions in the prefrontal cortex, including those involved in social processing and working memory, show distinct functional specializations and are embedded in parallel distributed networks.
2312h agoMental rotation may play no role in children's behavior until they are 5 years old, as a simple object recognition strategy can replicate results from common mental rotation tasks given to young children.
2316h agoMEGState, a novel architecture, decodes phonemes from MEG signals by capturing fine-grained cortical responses, and consistently outperforms baseline models in tests on the LibriBrain dataset.
2316h agoThe misalignment of superintelligence stems from a lack of understanding of the human subject and the unconscious dimensions that are embedded in both human and machine intelligence.
2316h agoMeasuring neural responses to sudden inputs can tell if heavy-tailed correlations in neural activity are generated within a neural circuit or driven by unobserved external factors.
2316h agoCoord2Region, an open-source Python package, streamlines neuroimaging workflows by mapping 3D brain coordinates to anatomical regions and linking them to meta-analytic resources and literature.
2316h agoQuantum models successfully simulate human conscious reporting of seeing or missing competing stimuli, revealing a non-linear pattern that mirrors human responses in attentional blink tasks.
2316h agoUnsupervised generative models develop a number sense that scales with encoding capacity, and this ability follows a power law, allowing models to extract numerosity and generalize to new images.
2316h agoRecursive Metric Contraction resolves the flat manifold problem in continual learning systems by using topological deformation to collapse metric tensors, allowing long trajectories to be embedded into bounded volumes and preventing catastrophic interference.
2316h agoA new framework called DFORM aligns the dynamics of different models, enabling comparison of their underlying mechanisms and identification of key patterns, even when the models have different coordinate systems.
2316h agoHolographic endoscopy with a novel composite fibre probe enables high-contrast imaging of deep brain structures by selectively rejecting out-of-focus light, improving resolution and contrast of fine structural connectivity and intracellular signalling.
2316h agoEmotions and fairness play a key role in socioeconomic decisions, with economic fairness dominating the acceptance of monetary offers, while emotions have a minimal effect on decision-making.
2316h agoA data-driven, deep learning-based approach called SimSort enables accurate identification and separation of electrical signals from individual neurons recorded by brain electrodes.
2316h agoDisorder, rather than efficiency, may play a dominant role in the evolution of natural languages, with language change stemming from disordered interactions between syntactic parameters.
2316h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) proposes that consciousness is fundamental to existence and that an entity's cause-effect structure explains all properties of an experience.
2316h agoA unified framework for heat kernel smoothing on simplicial complexes extends signal processing to higher-order relationships in networks, smoothing signals on cycles and higher-dimensional structures while preserving topological features.
2316h agoCorText, a new framework, enables open-ended natural language interaction with brain data by integrating neural activity into a large language model, generating accurate image captions and answering detailed questions.
2316h agoA method to isolate language components disentangles lexicon, syntax, meaning, and reasoning from large language models, allowing researchers to identify a unique neural signature for reasoning.
2316h agoEntropy-Optimal Manifold Clustering (EOMC) mitigates cost scaling and robustness issues of existing dimensionality reduction tools, and reveals that the Lorenz-96 dynamical system's dynamics is a metastable regime-switching process with infrequent transitions between three-dimensional attractive manifolds.
2316h agoThis thesis reviews Lyapunov exponents and covariant Lyapunov vectors to investigate dynamics of autonomous Hamiltonian systems, and applies these to study the Hénon-Heiles system and DNA sequences.
2316h agoInstabilities in the Gross-Neveu equation under linear and harmonic potentials are caused by non-conservation of energy and charge, but solitons are numerically stable except for low-frequency solitons in harmonic potentials.
2316h agoDiscrete Painlev\'e equations are associated with generalized Halphen surfaces and have a symmetry of the Weyl group $W(E_8^{(1)})$, with a system of commuting maps corresponding to translational elements of this group.
2316h agoThe three-component defocusing Kundu-Eckhaus equation yields vector dark soliton solutions, breather solutions, and Y-shaped breather solutions that arise from coupling effects between different components.
2316h agoThe curvature atlas reveals that Liouville integrability in the heavy top corresponds to degenerate curvature signatures, and a geometric condition for integrability is established.
2316h agoThe variable coefficient coupled HI mKdV system has shifted nonlocal reductions that lead to an autonomous integrable model under certain coefficient restrictions.
2316h agoThe group reduction procedure applied to vector generalizations of certain equations results in ODE systems that are multicomponent generalizations of Painlev\'e equations.
2316h agoA ring of phase oscillators with pure three-body interactions hosts a multitude of stable frequency-locked states without phase coherence, and introducing frequency heterogeneity drives a transition from a locked state to a desynchronous state.
2316h agoThe perturbed Duffing system's chaotic dynamics change as the external force amplitude increases, with the chaotic invariant set persisting but losing attractivity, and the topological entropy decreasing.
2316h agoThe analysis of the second harmonic generation equation under phase-matching conditions yields a family of soliton solutions and characterizes breather interactions through the Riemann-Hilbert approach.
2316h agoNon-reciprocal interactions emerge from internal topology alone, producing chiral waves, persistent vorticity, and irreversible state transitions in agents evolving on an internal context manifold.
2316h agoA Dirac spectral programming framework enables the design of programmable topological cluster synchronization patterns in directed hypergraphs.
2316h agoThe spontaneous symmetry breaking machine (SSBM) can explore a single extremely stable state for combinatorial optimization problems, as verified through experiments and numerical simulations.
2316h agoA 2D Ising network model explains universal statistical properties in financial markets, such as sharp peaks in returns, distributions with heavy tails, and zero autocorrelation, through the formation and evolution of spin clusters.
2316h agoThe study of a fluxonium under a pulsed field shows that its quantum properties converge to a quantum strange attractor, similar to the classical one, with eigenstates that are localized at strong or moderate dissipation and delocalized at weak dissipation.
2316h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem for oper connections on a twice-punctured Riemann sphere is solved in terms of a single non-linear integral equation.
2316h agoThe Vicsek model with realistic constraints forms different network structures, including Erdos-Renyi and Barabasi-Albert networks, and its synchronization is governed by the average degree of the interaction network.
2316h agoSelf-propelled particles with local conformity interaction move in opposite directions in a novel bidirectionally ordered phase.
2316h agoChimera states emerge in non-reciprocal higher-order structures, called m-directed hypergraphs, due to directionality, and they appear over a broader parameter range than in corresponding network cases.
2316h agoA frustration parameter introduced into the Vicsek-Kuramoto systems of self-propelled particles drives a transition to a resting hexagonal lattice with spatiotemporal patterns when the frustration exceeds a critical point.
2316h agoThe universe's history shows a continuous chain of structure formation from the Big Bang to human societies and artificial learning systems through phase transitions and emergent attractors.
2316h agoChaotic dynamics derived from Dirichlet L-functions exhibit profound chaos, unpredictability, and instability, and may have applications in engineering and control systems.
2316h agoThe variational free energy principle provides a mathematical approach to modelling coupled systems by representing the relationships between system components as generative models.
2316h agoMigration can help clear antimicrobial resistance in microbial communities, especially at slow but non-zero migration rates, when environmental conditions fluctuate and vary over time.
2316h agoEcho state networks, adapted through transfer learning, accurately predict changes in long-term statistical patterns of the generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and improve prediction length of individual trajectories.
2316h agoThe reconstruction map for semiclassical bulk operators in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity ensures the spectrum of the fundamental quantum theory matches known results, and predicts non-monotonic wormhole length with suppressed fluctuations.
2316h agoThe nonlinear dynamics of a multimode vertical cavity surface-emitting laser in free-running operation involve competition between modes with different profiles and polarization, leading to additional bifurcations and routes to chaos.
2316h agoOverdamped polar chiral active matter can support emergent Euler turbulence due to a statistical mechanical foundation that links its agent dynamics to the overdamped Langevin equation for disordered Josephson junctions.
2316h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in disordered systems exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and delocalization in the metallic phase.
2316h agoThe distribution function of resonance widths in a disordered medium can be represented by an integral, which works for systems of any symmetry and type of coupling, and yields explicit expressions for disordered metallic grains that match numerical simulations.
2316h agoThe quasiperiodic one-dimensional helical chain exhibits three localization regimes: a completely extended phase, a completely localized phase, and a mixed domain where localized and extended states coexist.
2316h agoTuning magnetic fluxes, hopping strengths, or quasiperiodic potential amplitudes controls the critical disorder threshold for switching between conductive and insulating states in a helical tight-binding lattice.
2316h agoA dimerized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chain with quasiperiodic on-site energies exhibits reentrant behavior, localizing, then partially re-delocalizing into a multifractal regime, and re-localizing as the quasiperiodic amplitude increases.
2316h agoTree tensor networks effectively capture two-dimensional entanglement patterns and achieve more accurate results than matrix product states in simulating dynamics of the disordered spin-$\frac12$ Heisenberg model.
2316h agoMeasuring neural responses to sudden inputs can tell if heavy-tailed correlations in neural activity are generated within a neural circuit or driven by unobserved external factors.
2316h agoA configuration-space framework predicts and explains the positions and origins of energy gaps in quasicrystalline potentials, showing that a hierarchy of gaps stems from resonant hybridization between neighboring sites.
2316h agoNoisy monitored quantum circuits connect quantum many-body physics, quantum information, and quantum computation, and research reveals their entanglement structure, information-protection capabilities, and noise-induced phase transitions through mapping to classical statistical models.
2316h agoThe energy landscape of granular models near the jamming transition is hierarchical and ultrametric, with a scale-free distribution of energy barriers between local energy minima.
2316h agoThe Nishimori multicritical point of the 2D random-bond Ising model has two conformal boundary fixed points that correspond to free and fixed boundaries.
2316h agoProgrammable superconducting flux qubit D-Wave quantum annealers can approximate the partition function of Ising models with comparable result quality to standard classical Monte Carlo methods.
2316h agoThe study of the $\pm J$ SK model for small system sizes up to $N=9$ reveals that the hierarchic organization of ground states and higher energy local minima starts to appear in some samples for system sizes as small as 6.
2316h agoDisordered quantum magnets offer efficient ways to calculate low energy states and quantum correlations, and a study of the random transverse-field Ising model finds that the shape of a subsystem affects its corner contribution to quantum entanglement in different ways for different universality classes.
2316h agoStochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) noise is inherently anti-correlated over time during epoch-based training, which reduces weight variance and loss fluctuations, particularly in relatively flat directions of the loss landscape.
2316h agoA simple protocol using random SWAP tests achieves the same fidelity as the optimal Schur transform in purifying multiple noisy copies of an unknown pure quantum state.
2316h agoThe eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) arises from entropy, Hilbert-space geometry, and chaos-induced eigenstate typicality, which together explain thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems.
2316h agoA two-state framework uses a density-matrix representation to model the coarse-grained behavior of a driven Duffing oscillator, capturing inter-well switching with a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad generator.
2320h agoQuantum mechanics has advanced computing technologies, but challenges and opportunities remain.
2320h agoQuantum machine learning faces major obstacles to enhancing learning and inference with quantum resources, but potential pathways toward practical applications are outlined.
2320h agoDeep learning is integrated into first-principles electronic structure calculations to improve accuracy and efficiency, and to extend these methods to larger scales and complexity.
2320h agoCo-designing algorithms, error-correction schemes, and hardware architecture can reduce resource overheads in quantum error correction for scalable quantum computing.
2320h agoMachine learning interatomic potentials are emerging as tools that combine quantum accuracy with classical efficiency, bridging the gap between quantum mechanics and classical methods.
2320h agoActivating dopaminergic input to AII amacrine cells in mice suppresses pathological eye movements and improves signal fidelity of retinal ganglion cells, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for infantile nystagmus.
2320h agoHyperthermia triggers seizures in a mouse model of focal cortical dysplasia, a common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy, and chemogenetic inhibition of excitatory neurons within the dysplasia raises the threshold for these seizures.
2320h agoHuman basal ganglia astrocytes segregate into three anatomical subgroups with distinct functions, and their specialization aligns with different microcircuits and neurotransmitter transporters.
2320h agoAgeing changes the way people think and control their movements, causing older adults to have impaired gait initiation due to altered belief updating.
2320h agoBinge drinking causes brain-region specific changes in serotonin signaling in the anterior cingulate cortex and central nucleus of the amygdala, affecting how the brain processes rewards and aversions.
2320h agoMice can be trained to detect visual stimuli at specific locations with improved speed, accuracy, and sensitivity in just 17 days, showing characteristics of spatial attention.
2320h agoPrenatal alcohol exposure damages retinal development by disrupting endothelial NMDA receptors, leading to abnormal blood vessel formation and neuron positioning.
2320h agoThe thalamus drives global and pathological neuronal hypersynchrony early on in generalized seizures, with rhythmic and synchronized activity emerging in both thalamus and cortex.
2320h agoTranscranial Ultrasound Stimulation (TUS) to specific brain areas enhances cognitive performance in monkeys by improving memory-sequencing under stable and unstable contexts.
2320h agoThe study finds that a protein called TMEM106B helps cause TDP-43 aggregation in brain cells, and that damage to lysosomes in the cells also contributes to this aggregation and loss of function.
2320h agoSynaptic populations in the brain are organized in a hierarchical structure along the anterior-posterior axis, with different regions having distinct synaptic population shapes that change dynamically over the lifespan.
2320h agoA single cortical impact in mice changes the number and molecular composition of excitatory synapses across 222 brain regions through a remodelling process that mirrors responses to genetic mutation, ageing, sleep deprivation, and experience.
2320h agoRab27b knockout increases alpha-synuclein pathology, including proteinase-K resistant and phosphorylated forms, in brain regions of mice with overexpressed alpha-synuclein.
2320h agoExcitatory subpopulations in the primary auditory cortex process sounds differently in background noise, with superficial neurons remaining noise-dependent and deep-layer pathways, particularly L5 IT neurons, carrying noise-invariant representations.
2320h agoIschemic stroke disrupts the normal organization of the sleep-wake cycle, affecting the coordination of sleep-related processes across different scales in the brain.
2320h agoNeuromuscular decline with ageing differs between sexes, with females showing a steeper decline in motor neuron function between middle and old age than males.
2324h agoMicroglial IL-1{beta} drives early inflammatory injury after stroke and has region-specific effects on neurogenic niches.
2324h agoMaterial recognition depends on active exploration, with people using movements of their head and hands to gather information and accurately identify materials, especially when their appearance is ambiguous.
2324h agoShock wave exposure causes long-term neuronal functional decline, structural deterioration, and premature neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans, leading to accelerated age-dependent decline in movement and touch sensitivity.
2324h agoThe study generates spatial proteomic atlases of the human and mouse retina, comparing protein expression and identifying disparities with transcript data, and revealing insights into retinal cell populations and outer limiting membrane structure.
2324h agoSpaced training improves generalization in both biological and artificial intelligence by promoting integration of input and innate variations.
2324h agoIncongruent trials elicit steeper spectral slopes, indicating increased inhibition, in frontal and central regions, and aperiodic 1/f EEG activity tracks both immediate conflict resolution and cognitive adjustments.
2324h agoYoung adults with more active movement profiles have better circadian rhythms integrity, which is linked to earlier circadian phase and positively associated with physical activity timing, but not light exposure.
2324h agoDelivering telomerase to the brain after traumatic injury reduces inflammation and helps restore normal cell function.
2328h agoThe reproduction of bioimage analysis results from a published article was limited by a lack of detail in the methodological approach, but replication of qualitative aspects was achieved through collaboration and adherence to bioimage analysis standards.
2328h agoIncreased connectivity in amygdala circuitry after a concussion, which normalizes over time, may be protective or compensatory, and athletes with higher heart rate variability acutely post-injury tend to have better outcomes.
2328h agoPsilocybin combined with compassion imagery has a long-term synergetic effect on psychological changes, including increased cognitive absorption, self-compassion, and decentering, and reshapes the functional organization of large-scale brain networks.
2328h agoLong-term divergence exponents measure gait complexity and automaticity, not stability, with lower values indicating a shift from automatic to controlled walking.
2328h agoHumans perceive complete objects despite partial occlusion by integrating low and high-level cues, whereas current AI models rely primarily on low-level pattern continuation and lack the flexible integration of multiple representational levels.
2328h agoSyt7 protein is required for activity-dependent facilitation of synchronous neurotransmitter release, but not for facilitation of asynchronous release, allowing synapses to control different parts of neurotransmission separately.
2328h agoLarge-scale spatial navigation training improves both large- and small-scale spatial abilities through distinct neural mechanisms.
2328h agoType III collagen regulates astrocyte behavior and positioning by activating a specific receptor, and blocking this receptor leads to a smaller scar, improved neuronal regeneration, and better motor recovery.
2332h agoPsilocybin has different effects on social behavior in male and female mice, influencing their preference for social novelty and familiar conspecifics through sex-specific mechanisms involving dopamine signalling and serotonin receptors.
2332h agoImpaired Eif5a hypusination disrupts axonal translation and neuronal activity in FUS-ALS, and targeting it with spermidine supplementation improves ALS model phenotypes.
2336h agoThe extracellular matrix of the developing brain stabilizes new synapses, and a microglial metalloprotease digests the matrix to increase their plasticity.
2336h agoHomer1a modifies attention by enhancing inhibitory tone and neural signal in the prefrontal cortex during development.
2336h agoA two-layered regulatory framework controls the generation of diverse neurons by a limited population of radial glial progenitors, with global temporal regulators and a temporal network of transcriptional factor hub groups modulating the process.
2336h agoClimbing fiber inputs to Purkinje cells convey instructive signals that are dynamically shaped by learning on multiple timescales, with movement-related and reward-related signals changing across slow and fast learning periods.
2336h agoLRRK2 mutations have a modest effect on neuroinflammation, mainly affecting a small number of genes in microglia, while many brain cells respond strongly to inflammatory insults.
2336h agoVisual input elicits diverse calcium signals in the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons, acting as a calcium sink or source depending on cell type, location, and stimulus.
2336h agoLoss of signalling from touch receptors causes degeneration of certain neurons in the spinal cord, leading to increased itch and pain sensitivity in aging.
2336h agoSpinal circuits shape motor neuron behavior during muscle contractions by using recurrent inhibition, which decreases with contraction intensity in most muscles but increases in the vastus lateralis and medialis.
2336h agoFluctuations in ephaptic influences of mesoscale electric fields contribute to changes in cortical oscillatory power, which correlates with brain function and disease.
2336h agoNeural activity in the brain follows stable patterns of sequences where neurons fire in a specific order, and these sequences are shared across different parts of the brain.
2336h agoCortical networks switch between amplifying and suppressing sensory signals, depending on the strength of the stimulus.
2336h agoThe brain uses different neural mechanisms to process momentary emotions, like facial expressions, and sustained emotions, like mood states, with distinct neural computational architectures for each.
2336h agoArousal level, as measured by brain activity, is a major factor that explains differences in how brain networks function and connect in individuals.
2336h agoBilingual individuals with aphasia show similar patterns of language impairment across their two languages, with more errors in their non-dominant language and similar error structures.
2336h agoBrain signals can decode a wide range of facial expressions and capture subtle differences between them, reflecting the dimensions of valence and arousal.
2336h agoHigher early signal energy is associated with slightly reduced P300 amplitude, possibly reflecting resource competition, refractory effects, or state-dependent processing.
2336h agoThe brain's neural activity shows that a wide network of areas helps form internal decisions by accumulating evidence, and even visual cortex represents high-level beliefs about rules guiding actions.
2336h agoDifferences in graph-based priors explain individual differences in human solutions to novel reasoning problems, and a framework combining Graph Theory and Graph Neural Networks helps identify these priors.
2340h agoNeuronal cultures exhibit bursts or avalanches of activity that are scale invariant and synchronized, and a new model of excitatory and inhibitory oscillators can reproduce these dynamics.
2340h agoAccurate interception of moving objects requires the nervous system to predict future motion, and using internal models of physical dynamics and extended predictive horizons can enhance this ability.
2340h agoBrain connectivity in the temporal and parietal regions helps distinguish between different mental states during working memory tasks, and illumination affects this connectivity.
2340h agoBitbox, an open-source toolkit, enables behavioral scientists and clinical researchers to easily use advanced computational analysis to measure human behavior from video, providing standardized and interpretable behavioral measurements.
2340h agoA two-state framework embeds the coarse-grained statistics of a driven Duffing oscillator into a density-matrix representation, modeling inter-well switching with a GKSL generator and allowing for diagnostics of the Markov assumption.
2340h agoNonlinear skin breathing modes emerge in a one-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon chain with asymmetric couplings, and their frequency shifts depend on amplitude, nonlinearity type, lattice size, and nonreciprocity.
2340h agoResearchers construct integrable Hamiltonian systems with Poisson commuting integrals that are quadratic in the momenta, allowing for non-diagonalisable tensors and Jordan blocks.
2340h agoA simple sixth-order method is presented for solving stiff problems in numerical simulations, which uses Newton-Raphson iteration to provide straightforward Lawson integration.
2340h agoAgents interacting locally on a plane form various patterns, including rotating clusters, traveling orientation waves, and globally synchronized rotational motion.
2340h agoA framework for enlarging the construction of $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-graded classical Toda theory uses $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-graded Lie superalgebras to derive a $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$-graded extension of the super-Liouville equation.
2340h agoExact WKB analysis helps to study second-order Schrödinger-type differential equations and recent developments apply it to Painlevé equations to compute monodromy and analyze the resurgent structure of functions.
2340h agoA conservative stochastic lattice dynamics system driven out of equilibrium by a spatially varying temperature field exhibits robust convection patterns featuring regularly spaced stripe structures instead of low-temperature long-range order.
2340h agoThe algorithm finds asymmetries in information flow across wavenumbers in a weakly turbulent system, reflecting forward and inverse cascades, and provides quantitative insight into the multi-wave mixing dynamics.
2340h agoThe parametrically driven, damped nonlinear Dirac equation has two exact stationary solutions, one of which is always unstable, while the other is stable if dissipation is sufficiently large.
2340h agoInvariant tori in integrable Hamiltonian systems can be parameterized by their fundamental frequencies, which can be extracted using an invariant-flow formulation that treats invariants as generators of commuting Hamiltonian flows.
2340h agoMultivariate joint recurrence quantification analysis allows analyzing coupling properties between datasets with different numbers of variables and data types.
2340h agoThe length scales associated with amorphous order and dynamic heterogeneity in a model glass-forming liquid grow with waiting time, with the static length increasing logarithmically and the dynamic length following a power-law growth.
2340h agoA $\phi^{4}$ quantum field theory model accurately reproduces higher-order statistics of financial time series, such as market kurtosis, and can be used to forecast stock price changes.
2340h agoNeuronal cultures exhibit bursts or avalanches of activity that are scale invariant and synchronized, and a new model of excitatory and inhibitory oscillators can reproduce these dynamics.
2340h agoThe one-step replica-symmetry-breaking approximate message passing algorithm improves the reconstruction of sparse signals by minimizing the smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalty.
2340h agoNonlinear skin breathing modes emerge in a one-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon chain with asymmetric couplings, and their frequency shifts depend on amplitude, nonlinearity type, lattice size, and nonreciprocity.
2340h agoEarthquake energy distributions in Southern California and Japan follow a scale-invariant pattern with an exponent of 1.67, indicating fault dynamics driven by a balance between slow energy accumulation and release through scale-free events.
2340h agoLocal rearrangements in amorphous solids can switch reversibly between two configurations under oscillatory shear, and their timescales span at least a decade with no apparent upper bound.
2340h agoNeural quantum states using the time-dependent variational principle with explicit time integration are prone to numerical breakdown when simulating strongly driven quantum dynamics, even when physical observables appear normal.
2340h agoInterference effects cause a transient backscattering peak to appear offset from the exact backscattering direction in the dynamics of a spin 1/2 particle propagating in a disordered potential with spin-orbit coupling.
2340h agoDeePTB-NEGF, a deep learning-based framework, accurately and efficiently simulates quantum transport behavior in 2D materials, achieving orders-of-magnitude improvement in efficiency compared to conventional methods.
2340h agoMusicians learn motor sequences faster and develop predictive motor control quicker than non-musicians, and their skills are less disrupted by sensory interference during consolidation.
2340h agoHealthy aging involves adaptive reconfiguration of neural systems, which preserves semantic proficiency despite broader cognitive changes.
2348h agoStriatal cholinergic interneurons stimulate dopamine release in the dorsal striatum through two distinct pathways: an ultra-fast, monosynaptic mode and a slower, polysynaptic mode.
2348h agoActivation of nicotinic receptors depolarizes dopamine axons, increases their excitability, and can lead to bursts of action potentials followed by a period of refractoriness.
2348h agoThe cortico-cerebellar network and basal ganglia interact to efficiently learn new motor skills by learning low-dimensional action embeddings and using reinforcement learning to learn value and policies in this space.
2348h agoSerum lactate changes affect cerebral blood flow, lactate exchange, and pyruvate dehydrogenase flux in the brain, with increased lactate altering perfusion and metabolism.
2364h agoMemory retrieval starts with abstract conceptual reconstruction and then proceeds to the reinstatement of perceptual details, through communication between the prefrontal and sensory areas.
2368h agoOpenStride, an open-source force plate actometry system, tracks rodent motor and behavioural activity at a low cost of $550 USD, enabling high-throughput study of motor and behavioural function and dysfunction.
2368h agoDGAT1-dependent lipid droplet formation modulates microglial inflammatory signaling by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines.
2380h agoDissociated embryonic hippocampal cells can self-organize into 3D networks that generate brain cell assemblies and dynamics similar to those found in a living brain, even without sensory input.
2384h agoThe neural circuitry regulating aggression shows marked sex differences in Syrian hamsters, with different brain regions activated in males and females during aggressive encounters.
2388h agoBRD1 regulates neurodevelopmental timing and synaptic maturation, and its partial deficiency disrupts early neuronal programming, leading to accelerated maturation, altered neurodevelopment, and abnormal neuronal activity.
2388h agoSalient sensory stimuli evoke two sequential stages of neural activation: a phasic sensorimotor response followed by sustained salience network activity.
2388h agoThe human brain has distinct networks for different areas of knowledge, including language, mathematics, and social reasoning, that work in the same way for both written and spoken information.
2388h agoMyelin maintenance is critical for preserving neuron adaptability, homeostasis, and glutamate sensitivity, and adult myelination supports the life-long accumulation of stable spines in basal but not apical dendritic compartments.
2388h agoThe brain dynamically changes the direction of information flow between sensory and executive areas depending on perceptual difficulty, with a top-down signal from the prefrontal cortex to sensory areas when stimuli are ambiguous.
2388h agoDeep learning-based automated infarct volume measurement shows excellent agreement with manual assessment by experienced clinicians in predicting clinical outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke.
2388h agoEarly life stress leads to mental disorders, and genetic differences affect how trauma impacts adult mental health; C57BL/6 mouse substrains show differences in fear memory and processing from as early as 16 days post birth.
2388h agoThe open-source system measures the auditory brainstem response in mice with high-quality and low-noise recordings, allowing users to detect changes in auditory sensitivity and customize it for different applications.
2388h agoThe hemodynamic response function (HRF) varies with both anatomical location and pathology in the epileptic brain.
2388h agoExplainable machine learning enables the enhancement of magnetoencephalography (MEG) spatial resolution through fusion with blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional MRI (BOLD-fMRI) data, resulting in more detailed brain activity maps.
2388h agoLoss of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor in dopamine receptor 2-expressing cells leads to decreased neuron survival, reduced dopamine levels, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder-like behaviors in mice.
2388h agoMacroeconomic conditions, such as changes in gasoline prices, are linked to differences in the intrinsic organization of brain networks in a population of healthy young adults.
2388h agoMemory errors are reconstructions that are biased towards or away from non-reported items, and this bias is a natural result of the brain separating overlapping memory signals.
2388h agoThe subunit composition of AMPARs, specifically GluA1-3, forms subtype-specific assemblies, including di-heterotetrameric GluA1/2 and GluA2/3, but not GluA1/3, on the cell membrane.
2388h agoPPAR{delta} activation shifts microglia towards a protective state by reducing inflammation, boosting phagocytic genes, and suppressing detrimental functions.
2388h agoMitophagy levels decrease with age in both neurons and astrocytes, but astrocytes consistently have higher mitophagy levels than neurons, and increasing NAD+ levels improves mitophagy in old-aged mice.
2388h agoMuller glia use matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 to integrate with neurons and shape their structure in the retina.
2388h agoEye fixations during memory retrieval predict both successful recall and the precision of the retrieved memory, and are closely tied to the fidelity of the recalled memory content.
2388h agoA new EMG foundation model for neural decoding consistently outperforms subject-optimized models in predicting motor behaviour from neural activity patterns, achieving better results for both familiar and unfamiliar subjects and tasks.
2388h agoTemporal Lobe Epilepsy disrupts spatial memory by causing specific deficits in different subfields of the hippocampus, including reduced place cell coherence in CA1 and CA3, and instability in dentate gyrus place fields.
2388h agoMetabolic connectivity and covariance can be measured using different analytical approaches, and CompCor and Euclidean distance perform best at high temporal resolutions while polynomial and spatio-temporal filters are more robust at lower sampling rates.
2388h agoMecp2-deficient cortical networks develop more slowly, have decreased functional connectivity, and show altered network features that lead to reduced efficiency and information-sharing capacity.
2388h agoThe aperiodic exponent of intracranial EEG local field potentials serves as a neurophysiological marker of depression symptom severity, differentiating depressive symptom status and scaling with severity in fronto-limbic and insular circuits.
2388h agoTREM2 gene variants lead to reduced TREM2 expression and changes in brain tissue associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
2400h agoThe habenula's medial and lateral subdivisions both contain mu opioid receptors, with a higher density of receptors found in the medial subdivision in both rats and mice.
2404h agoCold-tolerance and a specific biochemical pathway in worms help regulate memory retention by delaying forgetting of olfactory memories.
2408h agoAnimals adapt to warm environments by speeding up their internal clocks through the Lim1 pathway in the brain, which leads to accelerated circadian clock activity and earlier morning activity.
2408h agoPsychedelics make brain stimulation cause longer-lasting changes in brain activity, which could lead to new treatments that reduce relapse rates.
2408h agoAgRP neurons play a crucial role in maintaining body temperature during fasting and restricted feeding, and their lesion leads to lethality due to hypothermia.
2408h agoSimulated biophysical models of neurons and neuronal networks serve as crucial accelerators for developing and testing machine learning models to control in vitro neural networks.
2408h agoBeta activity in the subthalamic nucleus is present in less than half of Parkinson's disease patients, making it unreliable to guide deep brain stimulation lead implantation and programming on its own.
2408h agoStronger connections between brain areas for language are linked to increased volume in parts of the cerebellum and motor cortex and smaller areas in other parts of the brain.
2408h agoVaccination reduces or prevents the shedding of prions in feces and urine, which could help break the transmission cycle of chronic wasting disease.
2408h agoNociceptors, activated by inflammatory signals, play a role in tissue repair by reducing pain and promoting bone and cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.
2408h agoPost-stroke apraxia of speech is linked to distinct neural substrates for prosodic and phonetic aspects of speech motor coordination, specifically in dorsal and ventral sensorimotor cortex for prosody and ventral Rolandic cortex and arcuate fasciculus for phonetics.
2408h agoThe human brain forms implicit memories for recurring sound patterns, and brain areas involved in perception and memory show increased activity when these patterns repeat.
2408h agoCortical traveling waves and spike-timing-dependent plasticity work together to create a temporary network that supports long-term working memory.
2412h agoThe brain's network of cells cannot produce the present moment on its own, and this limitation forces it to rely on outside interactions to process information over time.
2412h agoA new framework enables decoding speech from brain activity using large amounts of data from week-long recordings, allowing a contrastive learning model to substantially outperform models trained on limited data.
2412h agoHumans can create new goals on the fly using a process that can be explained by a higher-order objective function that originates from within themselves.
2412h agoSPLICE, a neural network-based method, infers disentangled representations of shared and private latent variables from paired high-dimensional data, capturing nonlinear relationships and preserving geometric information.
2412h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
2412h agoSpatial Spiking Neural Networks (SpSNNs) reduce computational cost and memory usage while maintaining accuracy by learning neuron positions in a finite-dimensional space, from which synaptic delays emerge.
2412h agoInvariant tori in integrable Hamiltonian systems can be parameterized by fundamental frequencies obtained from time-of-flight parameters along commuting Hamiltonian flows.
2412h agoThis study proposes a framework to assess synchronization and local stability in fractional-order complex-valued bidirectional associative memory neural networks, and finds that the designed controller guarantees global synchronization and stability.
2412h agoThe transport of orbits in strongly chaotic dynamical systems has three stages, and the time interval for making finite-time predictions increases exponentially with more precise observations of the orbits' positions.
2412h agoHigher-order interactions emerge from time-delayed pairwise coupling in Kuramoto oscillators, and this can effectively explain collective synchronization behaviors.
2412h agoCompeting mean-field and quantum fluctuation interactions in ultracold quantum droplets lead to a richer bifurcation structure, including unusual events and novel stability transitions, than in traditional nonlinear Schrodinger systems.
2412h agoThe universe's history shows a continuous chain of structure formation from the Big Bang to human societies and artificial learning systems through a series of phase transitions and emergent attractors.
2412h agoThe curvature-based program identifies classical integrable heavy-top cases as specific degenerate curvature signatures, and formulates a classification theorem describing their relation to integrability.
2412h agoInertia and time delay in regular rotor networks induce multistability among synchronized states, destabilize these states, and give rise to complex dynamics, including turbulent chimera states and patterns similar to partial epileptic seizures.
2412h agoCompletely reducible circuits provide a framework for exactly solvable dynamics in non-integrable models of quantum many-body chaos, where the entanglement membrane and operator growth can be analytically characterized.
2412h agoCorrelations reshape the morphology of rogue-waves in quantum systems, resulting in a reduced peak amplitude, wider core, and coherence losses in the formation of the quantum Peregrine soliton.
2412h agoSynthetic active particles made of bouncing droplets exhibit chaotic dynamics with alternating active and dormant phases, and their movement changes when the driving amplitude is increased.
2412h agoMicrobial colonies can expand rapidly in quiescent fluids through a self-amplifying physical process driven by buoyancy-generated convection, which disperses cells and enhances metabolic activity.
2412h agoThe radial harmonic oscillator problem with position-dependent mass can be solved using a point canonical transformation, and its extensions can be expressed in terms of $X_m$-Jacobi exceptional orthogonal polynomials.
2412h agoEarth's relief shows self-affine properties, with different fractal scaling behaviors for different geometric features, and the roughness of the surface is characterized by varying Hurst exponents.
2412h agoA new geometric framework analyzes spatio-temporal data from complex systems, enabling dimensionality reduction, mode decomposition, phase-space reconstruction, and attractor characterisation.
2412h agoOverdamped polar chiral active matter supports emergent Euler turbulence, and its agent dynamics is formally isomorphic to the overdamped Langevin equation for disordered Josephson junctions.
2412h agoTwin-wire laser directed energy deposition using a liquid bridge transition mode delivers stable and uniform mixing, reducing dimensional fluctuations by 85% and enhancing compositional homogeneity.
2412h agoThe modified Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity has smooth solitary wave solutions that are orbitally stable under certain conditions.
2412h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
2412h agoOptimizing the connectivity of a reservoir computer improves its performance and interpretability by decoupling its dynamics into independent modes and selecting an optimal connectivity based on a set of eigenvalues.
2412h agoHyperuniformity in networks leads to more efficient transport and greater robustness compared to networks generated by random point patterns.
2412h agoAn initial minority of +1 nodes can drive a system to global agreement on +1 in synchronous majority dynamics on large random graphs with degree 4 or higher.
2412h agoThe soft committee machine with Rectified Linear Unit activation learns in a way that its generalization error decreases smoothly with dataset size when the teacher and student networks have similar dimensions.
2412h agoThe 3-SAT problem's solution corresponds to finding the ground state of a disordered Ising spin Hamiltonian with third-order interactions.
2412h agoA hybrid quantum network and protocol enables high-fidelity entanglement at a continental or global scale, outperforming ground- and satellite-based designs.
2412h agoAdding more entanglement to a network with non-pure states may decrease the resulting fidelity in noncooperative LOCC protocols.
2412h agoParisi--Sourlas supersymmetric models undergo dimensional reduction, which can be explained and proven through different methods, including Q-exactness, supersymmetric localization, and deformation of the action by a Q-exact term.
2412h agoA scheme using a linear potential in atomic detuning is proposed to realize disorder-free discrete time crystals in a periodically driven Rydberg atom array.
2412h agoA neural network framework predicts the background geometry, dilaton potential, and chiral symmetry breaking scalar potential of holographic QCD from unflavored meson mass spectra.
2412h agoRecent advances in metallic glasses focus on novel experimental techniques and computer models that improve understanding of their mechanical properties, highlighting the crucial role of short-range and medium-range order.
2412h agoHyperuniformity in networks leads to more efficient transport and greater robustness compared to networks generated by random point patterns.
2412h agoA new numerical method allows exploration of nonequilibrium electron dynamics in complex systems, enabling findings that disorder can enhance absorption in graphene and suggesting potential for sensing applications.
2412h agoOperator localisation remains stable against generic perturbations in random Floquet-Clifford circuits, exhibiting disjoint sectors and emergent local integrals of motion.
2412h agoPeople with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have slower and more idiosyncratic patterns of segmenting natural scenes into perceptual parts, and this difference is reflected in their brain activity and eye movement.
2412h agoThe brain's ability to switch between different network states depends on the variability of glucose metabolism, and this ability is linked to better cognitive performance.
2412h agoMicrotubule retrograde flow slowdown is a central mechanism that enables the development of distinct microtubule arrays in axons and dendrites of neurons.
2412h agoBipolar disorder shows altered structure-function coupling across brain regions, with stronger coupling in limbic and attention networks and weaker coupling in sensorimotor, executive, and salience regions.
2412h agoDistinct talker features improve syllable recall performance and reduce the impact of interruptions, but irrelevant talker discontinuities harm attention buildup and reduce syllable recall performance.
2412h agoCompetitive interactions between visual stimuli in the midbrain superior colliculus follow different rules depending on whether the stimuli are close to or far from the center of the receptive field.
2412h agoPhase diversity improves the quality of retinal images by correcting residual aberrations that remain even with adaptive optics imaging.
2412h agoThe oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol drives neurodegeneration by linking microglial activation and cholesterol metabolism through a STING-IFN-CH25H lipid axis, leading to tau pathology and toxicity.
2412h agoPeople with genetic risk variants for Alzheimer's disease spend less time in brain areas responsible for key functions than those without the risk variants.
2412h agoSlc38a1, a glutamine transporter, is essential for normal neurodevelopment and influences neuronal morphology and cell viability by supplying glutamine to cells in the neurogenic niches.
2416h agoGliomas spread in the brain by changing the brain environment, including increasing Connexin43 protein, which allows tumor cells to infiltrate surrounding tissue.
2416h agoRats' brains show synchronized neural activity in the hippocampus and cortex as they learn to adapt to changing reward patterns, with theta and gamma oscillations coordinating neural spikes and guiding strategy shifts.
2416h agoDepression is characterized by a failure of neural adaptation to repetitive stimuli, marked by neural rigidity and progressive regulatory depletion, which differs from conventional views of the disorder as an initial abnormal response to a stimulus.
2416h agoThe piriform cortex responds to visual and auditory objects, even in people born without a sense of smell, and its organization appears to be based on tasks rather than sensory modalities.
2416h agoSynGFN produces diverse, high-quality molecules that can be readily synthesized in the laboratory by integrating synthesis constraints into the chemical design process.
2420h agoA broken global recycling infrastructure hinders data-center operators from recycling retired hardware.
2420h agoMotor unit recruitment in the human first dorsal interosseous muscle changes depending on the task, with different muscles activated differently when performing distinct functions.
2424h agoParkinson's disease is linked to disordered brain circuits, and a new framework integrating multiple imaging types identifies stable patient clusters and shows that lower integrity in certain brain pathways relates to higher motor burden and lower global cognition.
2424h agoTCR repertoire-based models can diagnose idiopathic Parkinson's disease when patients are stratified into subtypes based on their immune profiles.
2424h agoLonger intervals between visual stimuli and shorter stimulus durations lead to more reliable neural representations of spatial location, while varying these parameters affects the fidelity of neural representations through inter-item interference.
2424h agoDistal DNA 'switches' control gene activity in human astrocytes by linking enhancers to genes, and this process is related to Alzheimer's disease.
2428h agoTemperature and lithium regulate the rate of forgetting in Caenorhabditis elegans.
2428h agoThe APOE4 isoform increases Alzheimer's disease risk by disrupting lipid homeostasis and A{beta} clearance, but treatment with the HDL-mimetic peptide 4F enhances APOE secretion and lipidation, mitigating APOE4-associated dysfunction.
2428h agoStress and negative emotions lead to more hallucinations and stronger prior beliefs in people with psychosis, especially when they are under stress.
2436h agoProbabilistic representations do not emerge in task-optimized neural networks, which instead rely on heuristic input recoding, according to a novel information bottleneck framework.
2436h agoThe study presents a low-cost method for acquiring and analyzing electrogastrogram data using an OpenBCI Ganglion amplifier and a processing pipeline that reduces data attrition and researcher bias.
2436h agoEveryday human-computer interactions can encode mental health with state-of-the-art biomarker precision using a machine-learning framework called MAILA.
2436h agoNeural networks with multiple discrete attractors have stable fixed points below a critical load that depends on neural activity statistics and single-neuron activation function.
2436h agoThere exists a first integral obtained by two successive integrations from one-forms with coefficients in a finite algebraic extension of the rational function field for complex rational vector fields in dimension n>2 that admit a Liouvillian first integral.
2436h agoA BiHom-type skew-symmetric bracket on $\mathfrak{gl}(V)$ forms a BiHom-Lie algebra and its application to the Toda lattice results in a deformed flow that can be transformed into a Toda-type Lax equation.
2436h agoState-space systems can learn the long-term statistical behaviour of a dynamic process with high accuracy if the process is structurally stable and has a mixing or attracting measure.
2436h agoOscillatory neuromorphic networks with tunable couplings learn and recall patterns through ongoing analog dynamics, forming attractor states that can adapt to changing inputs.
2436h agoThe integrability of multitime Landau-Zener models guarantees their exact solvability and these models can be represented by data defined on an N-vertex graph.
2436h agoThe study finds that the energy and enstrophy dissipation rates and attractor dimension depend on the regularity of the forcing, existing in three distinct regimes.
2436h agoA two-parameter expression describes the crossover between Gaussian orthogonal ensemble and Poisson statistics in many-body complex systems, revealing a Many-Body Localization transition in disordered spin chains.
2436h agoStable 3D nonlinear modes, called vortex "bullets", exist in pulsed beams carrying orbital angular momentum and can self-trap in a 2D waveguiding structure.
2436h agoA three-dimensional complex polynomial vector field with a Liouvillian first integral always has a first integral that is the product of a rational 1-form and a Darboux function, or has a Darboux Jacobi multiplier.
2436h agoInvariants for a projective transformation group are established up to order seven and used to construct nonlinear evolution equations, identifying symmetry-integrable equations, including a fully-nonlinear third-order equation.
2436h agoA new double sine-Gordon model allows for stable multi-kinks with internal structure made of multiple localized energy packets.
2436h agoInformation scrambling occurs in an open quantum system modeled by Ising spin chains coupled to baths, and it spreads ballistically, forming light cones in certain conditions.
2436h agoTwo approaches to pinning control, additive and parametric, are equivalent for controlling synchronization in weakly coupled nonlinear systems that exhibit periodic oscillations.
2436h agoA two-parameter expression describes the crossover between Gaussian orthogonal ensemble and Poisson statistics in many-body complex systems, revealing a Many-Body Localization transition in disordered spin chains.
2436h agoHysterons, models of interacting elements, can be understood in two simple limits: when their span dominates other scales, their behavior is limited, and when their span is small, they behave like interacting binary spins.
2436h agoThe quenched Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation simulations in one and two dimensions show that the interface scaling properties at depinning transition match the Directed Percolation Depinning universality class.
2436h agoPhotonics-based positional embeddings improve graph convolutional networks' performance by providing global structural information, outperforming baseline models on molecular datasets.
2436h agoNeural networks with multiple discrete attractors have stable fixed points below a critical load that depends on neural activity statistics and single-neuron activation function.
2436h agoDisordered kinetic glass models from statistical physics can be used as toy models for autoregressive sequence generation and can be solved exactly when the state space dimension is large.
2436h agoNickelate superconductors show inhomogeneous superconducting states under pressure, with mechanisms suppressing and enhancing superconductivity linked to local stress environment and stoichiometric composition.
2436h agoBAG3 protein in astrocytes helps regulate the uptake and processing of tau protein, and its depletion impairs these functions, potentially contributing to Alzheimer's disease.
2436h agoMitochondria in CA2 neurons have distinct morphological and functional differences compared to CA1 neurons, with larger mitochondria and higher calcium levels in CA2 dendrites, especially in distal dendrites that receive input from the entorhinal cortex.
2436h agoCaveolin-1 in caveolae restricts platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling to maintain quiescence and proper lineage differentiation of neural stem cells through lysosomal degradation.
2436h agoResidual photoreceptors in a degenerate retina can substantially influence responses evoked by subretinal prostheses, affecting perceptual uniformity in patients.
2436h agoThe brain's language areas show increased activity as phrases get longer, with verb phrases triggering more activity than noun phrases, and different regions responding differently to word sequences.
2436h agoAging affects the connection between brain activity and bodily processes, and patterns of brain activity associated with heart rate and breathing changes can predict age.
2436h agoSocial isolation affects empathy by disrupting a specific brain pathway, causing changes in brain cells and a particular receptor, which can be reversed by activating certain brain cells.
2436h agoA concept-driven framework builds inherently interpretable Graph Neural Networks that predict brain functional connectivity from structural connectivity while providing neuroscientific insights.
2436h agoVariability in training environments affects how perceptual learning transfers to new situations, and high variability training allows for greater transfer to new locations.
2436h agoStronger connections between two areas of the motor cortex enhance communication between them, particularly in certain frequency bands, while the direction of the connection affects this communication.
2436h agoHigh-frequency spinal cord stimulation (hSCS) modulates gamma activity in a region- and time-dependent manner through specific coupling with theta rhythms, reorganizing cortical cross-frequency interactions and supporting its role in processing sensory information and pain experience.
2436h agoThe gut microbiome is disrupted in a genetic model of dystonia, with changes in microbial diversity and community composition that coincide with motor impairment and link to neuronal vulnerability.
2436h agoIL-17A alone does not disrupt fetal brain cortical architecture, suggesting that the maternal microbiome plays a crucial role in the impact of prenatal inflammation on brain development.
2436h agoAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) starts with changes in skeletal muscle gene expression, particularly in insulin signaling, energy production, and fat metabolism, years before symptoms appear.
2436h agoImplicit adaptation to movement errors changes motor awareness, but it does not consistently affect confidence in judgments of reach outcomes.
2436h agoThe endothelial glycocalyx has a key role in regulating cerebrovascular function and shows new structural and dynamical features, including enrichment at endothelial junctions and arteriolar branch points, vesicular transport, and compositional variations along the arteriovenous axis.
2436h agoAutism-like behaviors are linked to disrupted gut bacteria and polyamine metabolism, and altering gut bacteria with a specific probiotic can improve behavioral deficits.
2436h agoUnpredictable chronic stress does not alter social behavior in adult zebrafish, but it does induce anxiety-like behavior.
2436h agoMole-rats' brain physiology requires higher carbon dioxide concentrations for recovery after surgery and they have unique neural mechanisms, including single units responsive to auditory and visual stimuli and prominent theta rhythms at low frequencies.
2436h agoAnesthesia triggers a burst of activity in dopaminergic neurons, which leads to the release of dopamine and causes forgetting by inducing amnesia.
2436h agoA new framework based on alpha spindle dynamics accurately classifies anesthesia phases with over 80 percent accuracy and predicts anesthetic drug overdosage up to 90 seconds in advance.
2440h agoThe brain's resting state networks drive the pulsatility of neurofluids in the awake state, and this driving pattern changes to a causally chained pattern during NREM sleep.
2440h agoThe auditory system uses reverberation to enhance sensitivity to rapid temporal changes, a phenomenon called echo-facilitated temporal sensitivity, which improves neural representations of temporal structure and change detection.
2440h agoA new statistical model, SpotDMix, accurately assigns detected mRNA transcripts to individual cells in densely packed tissues by modeling transcript distributions that match cell shapes.
2448h agoThe Alzheimer's disease-associated protein tau protects against herpes simplex virus 1 as a natural part of the brain's innate immune system.
2456h agoMyelin depolarizes during neuronal activity and plays an active role in supporting high precision axonal firing by facilitating potassium removal.
2456h agoA supramodal temporal filtering mechanism with modality-specific dynamics shapes the processing of aversive stimulation, affecting both pain and sound perception.
2456h agoDisinhibition drives memory consolidation by generating replay and ripples in the brain, allowing memories to be transferred from the hippocampus to the cortex.
2456h agoNeurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla combine fast responses to stimuli with slower, rhythmic processes to control pain sensitivity and internal state.
2456h agoReverberation makes distractions more disruptive to listening, especially for the sound immediately following the distraction.
2456h agoPeople with a rare perceptual disorder called prosopometamorphopsia see faces that are distorted and change in unusual ways.
2456h agoNeuRoDev, a computational resource, provides a reference framework to investigate neuronal and glial development in the human cortex through highly curated transcriptomic data and analytical tools.
2456h agoThe brain's language network processes verbal and nonverbal information differently, with the right hemisphere responding more strongly to nonverbal materials and the left hemisphere handling verbal information.
2456h agoA network of 11 functionally distinct cortical regions supports active navigation in the real world by transforming perceptual inputs through decision-making processes to produce action outputs.
2456h agoThe SAGA complex's deubiquitinase module plays a key role in regulating the molecular circadian clock by influencing the timing and stability of core clock proteins and transcripts.
2456h agoNeuromodulation-like gating in a biophysically motivated associative memory network dramatically enhances associative memory capacity and eliminates catastrophic breakdown.
2460h agoA real-time framework based on alpha spindle dynamics extracted from EEG recordings accurately classifies anesthesia phases and predicts anesthetic drug overdosage up to 90 seconds in advance with 96 percent accuracy.
2460h agoTranscranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) allows for focal non-invasive electrical deep brain stimulation, overcoming the limitations of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation techniques.
2460h agoPROTON, a graph transformer, generates testable hypotheses that link genetic risk loci to disease mechanisms and predicts treatments for neurological diseases, including Parkinson's, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer's.
2460h agoAudio-based deep learning models can play a crucial role in bridging technology-oriented deep learning systems and explanation-oriented linguistic theories.
2460h agoA novel co-simulation framework that integrates microscopic and macroscopic models enables researchers to study brain function across multiple levels, allowing for the investigation of seizure onset and propagation.
2460h agoSymmetry-Loss, a brain-inspired algorithmic principle, enforces invariance and equivariance through a differentiable constraint to model learning as the iterative refinement of an effective symmetry group.
2460h agoThe novel variant of the Blaszak-Szum lattice equation has multiple solutions, including one-soliton and two-soliton solutions, multi-lump solutions, rational solutions, lump solutions, breather solutions, and three-periodic wave solutions.
2460h agoA geometric atlas of dynamical regimes on the rotation group SU(2) combines geodesic flows, heavy rigid body dynamics, and Euler-Poisson equations to provide a unified viewpoint on classical integrable cases and identify a pure-precession family in the inertia ratio (2,2,1).
2460h agoA quantum information-inspired framework analyzes complex systems through multivariate time series by encoding the system's state into a density matrix, enabling precise quantification of influence, response to perturbations, and recovery timescale.
2460h agoLiquid drops covered by reacting surfactants show a variety of complex motility modes, including shuttling, bipedal, and chaotic motion, due to competing length scales.
2460h agoA hierarchy of integrable equations is constructed, which includes extensions of the Liouville, sinh-Gordon, cosh-Gordon, and mKdV equations, and has conserved charges with nontrivial grading.
2460h agoTwo theorems prove that polynomial vector fields connected to differentiation of hyperelliptic functions commute and annul certain polynomials.
2460h agoMatrix Lax representations of differential-difference equations can be simplified and connected by gauge transformations and discrete Miura-type transformations, allowing the construction of new integrable equations.
2460h agoEquitability of interactions between dynamical units is necessary and sufficient for cluster synchronisation to occur in a general dynamical system with multiplex or higher-order interactions.
2460h agoThe N-spin Floquet model with infinite-range Ising interactions shows signs of quantum integrability for specific parameter values, with the model's entanglement dynamics and eigensystem exhibiting periodic and degenerate properties.
2460h agoCongested roads in urban networks do not recover spontaneously, but are hindered by connected congested roads, leading to multistability and hysteresis in traffic dynamics.
2460h agoTurbulence in the auroral ionosphere extends below 90 km altitude, where it is stabilized by particle collisions, and shows a scale-invariant cascade with a characteristic kinetic Alfvénic scaling that tracks precipitating energy flux.
2460h agoCoordinated self-organisation in granular systems emerges when a small subset of configurations are more stable than the rest and survive longer despite noise.
2460h agoActive biological swarms self-organize into coherent structures from chaotic backgrounds through a process governed by a kinetic Turing instability.
2460h agoSymmetry-Loss, a brain-inspired algorithmic principle, enforces invariance and equivariance through a differentiable constraint to model learning as the iterative refinement of an effective symmetry group.
2460h agoUnsupervised learning with autoencoders can help distinguish between topological and trivial states in Majorana nanowires and identify where their crossover occurs.
2460h agoA machine-learned potential allows creation of B$_2$O$_3$ glass with over 30% boron atoms in boroxol rings, matching experimental estimates when the boroxol fraction reaches 75%.
2460h agoFree probability theory's predictions of correlation functions in complex quantum systems are corrected by a specific order when a single ancilla qubit is coupled to a large quantum circuit.
2460h agoA one-dimensional disordered Bose gas has a phase diagram that includes a low-temperature localized phase and a normal fluid phase at higher temperatures.
2460h agoSimple motile agents can be used to create intelligent systems through emergent collective behavior, similar to swarms of animals in nature.
2460h agoDiscrete time crystals exhibit a robust subharmonic response in periodically driven quantum systems, characterized by a period-doubling response and a long lifetime that grows exponentially with system size.
2460h agoThe analysis of 960 Chess960 starting positions shows that White has a near-universal first-move advantage, and the complexity of openings varies greatly, with some burdening White and others Black.
2460h agoDOMINO, a light-matter computing platform, solves maximum-weight clique problems and reveals hidden correlations in large graphs by using a gain-controlled oscillator array to perform analog optimization.
2460h agoNeural networks' generalization abilities can be understood by developing a theory that predicts their performance on simple input-output distributions, which is crucial for their learning performance on real datasets.
2460h agoThe energy landscapes of jammed soft spheres have smooth basins of attraction with well-defined length scales, not fractal structures as previously claimed.
2460h agoAltermagnetism can emerge in non-crystalline systems, such as amorphous solids, due to spontaneous symmetry breaking in spin and orbital degrees of freedom around each atom.
2460h agoThe quantum Parisi formula is proven for the transverse field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model using an elementary mathematical method.
2460h agoA spin 1/2 particle propagating in two dimensions in a disordered potential shows a transient backscattering peak offset from the exact backscattering direction, coexisting with a coherent backscattering dip due to interference effects.
2460h agoThe quantum inverse problem provides a robust diagnostic tool for characterizing low-dimensional disordered systems, particularly for systems that exhibit metal-insulator transitions.
2460h agoDeePTB-NEGF, a new framework, combines deep learning and quantum transport simulations to accurately and efficiently predict the electronic properties of 2D materials, achieving orders-of-magnitude improvement in efficiency compared to conventional methods.
2460h agoGasdermin E (GSDME) mediates neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease by linking mitochondrial damage to pyroptotic cell death.
2460h agoMetastability is associated with functional connectome fingerprints in naturalistic fMRI, with this relationship varying across time scales, functional networks, and movie content.
2460h agoThe granule cell domain of the cochlear nucleus integrates polysensory excitatory and inhibitory inputs from multiple brain regions through distinctive synaptic wiring and specialized chemical signaling.
2460h agoReduced activity of certain brain cells called PV interneurons in the insular cortex contributes to higher impulsivity and increased alcohol consumption in adolescents.
2460h agoInternal sensory signals from the pharynx and gut regulate feeding by connecting to brain regions, motor neurons, and endocrine cells through distinct sensory circuits.
2460h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) enhances cognitive control performance only when target brain circuits are actively engaged during stimulation.
2464h agoRight tVNS decreases Pavlovian response biases in people who have eaten, but not in those who are fasting.
2464h agoPeople use different strategies for navigation, which change and adapt during the process, and the brain's hippocampus plays a group- and strategy-specific role in this process.
2464h agoEscape behavior in flies takes priority over maintenance behaviors like feeding and grooming through a distributed and robust neural mechanism.
2464h agoA new model infers latent variables that organize population activity and determines whether their dynamics are continuous or fragmented in time, revealing distinct population patterns missed by supervised decoding.
2464h agoScientists created a model that accurately predicts the perceptual similarity of smell mixtures, providing a foundation for understanding how smells are represented.
2464h agoA new effect size measure, called overlap area (OA), quantifies the difference between population distributions of experimental and control groups, providing a more reliable estimate of biologically meaningful effects.
2468h agoAccelerated aging occurs in the brain during acute HIV infection, marked by increased expression of cellular senescence marker p16 and neurodegeneration.
2468h agoTranscriptional changes in peripheral blood are linked to Huntington disease, with specific blood cell subtypes showing unique gene expression patterns, and one gene, Irf7, correlates with disease progression in mice.
2468h agoInhibiting the FKBP51 protein with the drug SAFit2 prevents the long-term behavioral and brain changes caused by early life adversity in mice.
2468h agoRepeated stress persistently suppresses a critical node in the courtship circuitry, leading to a lasting change in male Drosophila's courtship behavior.
2468h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex encodes multiple social identities through tuned geometric subspaces in neural population activity, allowing mice to remember individual social identities for up to two weeks.
2468h agoA{beta} low-threshold mechanoreceptors, which mediate discriminative touch, have limited ability to regenerate and reinnervate targets after nerve injury, and they preferentially reinnervate skin rather than muscle pathways.
2468h agoProteostasis network genes are disrupted in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease, with 18 genes identified that have rare, damaging variants and are differentially expressed in diseased brains.
2468h agoDifferent behaviors use separate neuronal circuits in the nervous system, even when they use similar sensory cues and muscle groups.
2468h agoTen days of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves executive function in healthy adults, with greater benefits in women and increased autonomic flexibility and arousal.
2468h agoElevated TAF15 levels in neurons trigger oxidative stress, leading to neurotoxicity, gliosis, anxiety, and impaired fear memory, and contribute to neurodegeneration in FTD and ALS.
2468h agoMitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) disruption causes age-dependent fragmentation of mitochondrial cristae, reduced mitochondrial connectivity, and impaired neuronal function, leading to vulnerability to neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease.
2468h agoDiffusion-weighted steady-state free precession sequence provides high-quality diffusivity estimates across the entire brain with negligible geometric distortions in ex-vivo diffusion imaging of the macaque brain.
2472h agoThe MRS4Brain Toolbox enables easy processing and analysis of magnetic resonance spectroscopy data, streamlining data processing and promoting reproducibility in preclinical studies.
2472h agoLarge Language Models can accurately classify and segment mouse behavior in videos, providing a potential solution to accelerate and standardize neuroscience workflows.
2472h agoPrenatal exposure to alcohol disrupts the normal effects of acute alcohol on GABA transmission in the central amygdala of adult offspring in a sex-specific manner.
2472h agoMechanical ventilation combined with certain medications disrupts brain fluid dynamics, leading to impaired brain waste clearance and delirium-like behavior.
2472h agoVoluntary rehabilitation reorganizes spared corticospinal pathways by driving plasticity in specific medullary nuclei, which predicts functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
2472h agoThe Decision-from-Experience Database (DfE-DB) reveals that people's choice tendencies vary substantially across different study designs and are shaped by core features such as feedback type and outcome structure.
2472h agoOdor information is selectively routed through feedforward and feedback pathways in the mouse olfactory cortex, with different neurons encoding odor identity and reward associations at distinct times and maintaining different representations of valence.
2472h agoBiomedical knowledge from over 36 million scientific articles is mapped onto a 3D standardized brain using the semantic meta-analysis platform TVBase, to support neuroimaging pattern interpretation and applications in personalized medicine.
2472h agoPeople have different abilities to imagine past and future experiences, and these individual differences are consistent across various types of imagination, such as vision, audio, taste, and smell, and affect daily life.
2472h agoAuditory learning enabled by a drug called RGFP966 improves the ability to detect sounds in noise by enhancing sound-specific responses and suppressing background noise effects in the auditory cortex.
2472h agoQuantum computers can be used for multi-objective optimization, bringing them closer to practical applications.
2476h agoScouter, a deep learning approach, predicts transcriptional responses to genetic perturbations by combining large language model-based gene embeddings with a neural network.
2476h agoThe AI collaborator SciSciGPT automates workflows for literature understanding, data processing, and visualization to accelerate early-stage idea exploration and improve reproducibility for science of science researchers.
2476h agoPrior knowledge influences brain activity during decision-making by modulating the activities of brain regions involved in choice selection and action generation, but not those involved in stimulus processing.
2476h agoMedial prefrontal cortex and cerebellar input work together to help animals anticipate upcoming events by encoding implicit temporal predictions.
2476h agoThe human and macaque brains have similar but not identical structural connections between areas that process voice information, with differences in organization and lateralization.
2476h agoA unified taxonomy of basal ganglia cell types across species reveals 61 conserved cell types and identifies a new hybrid medium spiny neuron type, providing insights into brain evolution, function, and disease.
2476h agoOpposite fMRI BOLD signal to metabolic activity occurs due to variable oxygen extraction across the human cortex, questioning the common interpretation of fMRI signal as a measure of neuronal activity.
2480h agoThe dorsal anterior insula is involved in the Action-Mode Network and plays a role in cognitive effort and efficiency across a range of tasks.
2480h agoThe inferior frontal sulcus (IFS) is the primary region that filters out attention-grabbing but task-irrelevant stimuli, preserving cognitive resources during tasks performed in distracting environments.
2480h agoThe mature neocortex uses different synaptic structures to specialize the same types of neurons for different functions in various areas.
2480h agoAttentional modulation of sound processing occurs in the cortex, but not in the subcortical structures of the brainstem.
2480h agoReduced rank regression helps find a low-dimensional linear mapping between high-dimensional inputs and outputs, and has been used to identify communication subspaces governing interactions between brain regions.
2484h agoTraining recurrent neuronal networks with additive noise leads to improved working memory performance due to emergent marginally stable equilibria characterized by sparse, non-Hermitian Jacobian matrices shaped by the network's inhibitory core and excitatory periphery motif.
2484h agoA new argument shows that contemporary Large Language Models cannot be considered conscious because their design constraints make a non-trivial theory of consciousness impossible.
2484h agoMacular is a simulation platform that lets users create and test scenarios of the retina and primary visual system without needing to program.
2484h agoA new model of human mental rotation proposes that people compare objects seen from different viewpoints by using a three-part process involving neural encoding, symbolic description, and neural decision-making.
2484h agoPeople with ADHD show subtle changes in brain activity during tasks that require inhibition and processing of emotions, with slightly increased activation in several brain networks.
2484h agoAdjusting the spatial scale for token encoding and masking significantly impacts downstream decoding performance in multiregional neural activity recordings.
2484h agoCross-modal knowledge distillation helps to develop more accurate local field potential models by transferring knowledge from high-performing spike models.
2484h agoA new learning framework enables real-time decoding of neural activity by nonlinearly combining information from multiple modalities with different timescales, distributions, and missing samples.
2484h agoA novel unsupervised learning algorithm accurately models complex neural dynamics by fusing information from multiple neural modalities and tracking regime-dependent changes.
2484h agoLarge Language Models are useless for linguistics because they require a vast amount of data to work, whereas human language is underpinned by a mind-internal system that generates hierarchical thought structures with minimal external input.
2484h agoA new AI-driven approach using Vision Transformers accurately classifies children's engagement in early childhood education, achieving an accuracy of 97.58 percent in detecting behavioral and collaborative engagement states.
2484h agoHuman-computer interactions can accurately encode mental health, and a new machine-learning framework called MAILA can track mental states and identify individuals with mental illness.
2484h agoEmbedding a foveated retinotopic transformation into convolutional neural networks improves image classification accuracy and robustness to scale and rotation, and also enables effective object localization.
2484h agoA state-of-the-art method stabilizes fractional dynamical networks to effectively suppress seizure activity in 34 out of 35 episodes from patients with medically uncontrolled epileptic seizures.
2484h agoPeriodic bathymetry induces perturbations on traveling Boussinesq solitons, which can be described by two perturbation approaches that provide analytic solutions comparable to numerical simulations.
2484h agoThe study finds a novel connection between exact solutions of pendulum equations and obtains several exact solutions for plane, hyperbolic, and inverted pendulums, as well as for sine-Gordon and sine hyperbolic-Gordon equations.
2484h agoA fifth order KdV-type equation has several real and complex parity-time reversal solutions that involve the linear superposition of quadratic functions with Jacobi elliptic functions.
2484h agoThe study of a tank with liquid-electric motor system reveals that delay factors impact the emergence, evolution, and disappearance of regular and chaotic limit sets, and drive a generalized intermittency scenario to chaos.
2484h agoPairs of signals in complex networks contribute to the overall state through both redundant and synergistic interactions, with their joint consideration often necessary to determine the system's state.
2484h agoA reconstruction formula for an $n\times n$ matrix with coefficients depending rationally on $x$ is given, using the characteristic polynomial and a line bundle of degree $g+n-1$.
2484h agoThe balance between surface tension and nonlinear terms of the Euler equation leads to the formation of regular and peaked polygonal rotating patterns in shallow Leidenfrost rings.
2484h agoTraveling wave solutions exist for a class of fourth-order semilinear wave equations, and their spectral stability is characterized by a Vakhitov-Kolokolov type stability criterion.
2484h agoIntracellular protein patterns are governed by mass-conserving reaction-diffusion systems that dynamically redistribute proteins between membrane-bound and cytosolic states.
2484h agoHyperbolic equations of a certain form are classified based on the existence of fifth-order symmetries, resulting in a list of four equations that meet the required conditions.
2484h agoConservation laws are established for several nonlinear partial differential equations in elasticity and acoustics using methods such as scaling homogeneity and the multiplier method.
2484h agoA time-crystalline phase emerges in a single-band holographic superconductor when nonlinear gauge-scalar coupling and external driving are introduced.
2484h agoThe topological tools for classifying phases of nonlinear bosonic resonators have been extended to include limit cycles, providing a unified description of stationary and time-periodic phases.
2484h agoThe Calogero-Painlev\'e systems are Lax integrable, allowing their solutions to be represented using Riemann-Hilbert, which enables rigorous asymptotic analysis of the systems and evaluation of the asymptotic behavior of Tracy-Widom distributions.
2484h agoNonlinear interaction and breaking of internal ocean waves mainly drive interior ocean mixing, affecting ocean carbon storage and global circulation.
2484h agoRobust causality in a photonics dissipative system enables the production of single-sideband behavior, which can be combined to create complex systems that may serve as an alternative computational resource for solving combinatorial optimization problems.
2484h agoHeterogeneity and diffusion in oscillatory media convert degenerate cluster dynamics into robust pattern selection through frequency entrainment and amplitude adaptation.
2484h agoHamiltonian systems that satisfy the Lagrange identity have additional tensor invariants beyond the basic ones existing for all Hamiltonian systems.
2484h agoA contact-geometric framework reveals a continuous parametric transition from periodic waves to localised solitons in the 2D Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation, and shows a first-order statistical phase transition marked by a sharp switch and hysteresis.
2484h agoThe dissipative spectral form factor in the elliptic Ginibre unitary ensemble shows a scaling relationship that connects it to the Ginibre unitary ensemble and the Gaussian unitary ensemble.
2484h agoCoupled phase oscillator networks with invariant tori exhibit synchrony patterns that deform under forced symmetry breaking and can produce new stable synchrony patterns.
2484h agoEntanglement is observed between collective excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate, which mimics particle production in the early universe and reveals the quantum origin of the excitations.
2484h agoA dimensionless parameter causes the evolution of supersaturation in Ostwald ripening processes to be unstable.
2484h agoThe study of integrable structure in string theory is complex due to the complicated dependence of background fields on superspace coordinates.
2484h agoContact inhibition of proliferation is not the only mechanism that slows cell proliferation, as a non-local network-based inhibition of proliferation also exists.
2484h agoTwo pinning control approaches, additive and parametric, are equivalent for controlling synchronization in weakly coupled nonlinear systems that exhibit periodic oscillations.
2484h agoMaximising social welfare requires a different incentive strategy than minimising cost or maximising cooperation frequency in autonomous agents.
2484h agoCoherently synchronized oscillations occur in a mirror-symmetric many-body localized system, and a synchronization transition of spin oscillations happens when spin-spin interactions change.
2484h agoFluctuations in two-dimensional Anderson localization belong to the (1+1)-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class, revealing a glassy nature of localized states.
2484h agoThe generalized density of states, which describes the number of states with energy E and magnetization m in a one-dimensional N-spin chain, has been expressed, helping understand model properties and showing that spontaneous magnetization can occur at non-zero temperature.
2484h agoThe large-deviation properties of minimum spanning trees are studied for two types of random graphs, complete graphs and Erdős-Rényi random graphs, revealing that the large deviation principle is fulfilled for both, with a notable change in distributions at the percolation threshold for connected ER graphs.
2484h agoPerovskite oxides with multiple elements in a single crystallographic site offer new opportunities for realizing novel physical phenomena.
2484h agoA new filtering method based on Nye dislocation density removes unrelated defects from vibrational modes and better predicts plastic events in glasses.
2484h agoTraining recurrent neuronal networks with additive noise leads to improved working memory performance due to emergent marginally stable equilibria characterized by sparse, non-Hermitian Jacobian matrices shaped by the network's inhibitory core and excitatory periphery motif.
2484h agoCritical dynamical fluctuations prevent a phase transition to a dynamically arrested state, restoring ergodicity at all finite densities or temperatures in finite-dimensional systems.
2484h agoFluctuations restore ergodicity and turn a sharp mode-coupling transition into a smooth crossover, replacing the mean-field result.
2484h agoA machine-learning framework accurately extrapolates the dynamical spin correlations in gapless quantum systems beyond the limits of conventional numerical methods.
2484h agoA new method certifies entanglement depth by comparing neural quantum states with chosen entanglement constraints to unconstrained models, directly from measurement statistics.
2484h agoRandom spanning forests have an exact analytic relation to the heat-kernel partition function, which allows for estimation of partition functions, energies, and Von Neumann entropy.
2484h agoThe eigenstate thermalization hypothesis originates from four key factors: the maximum entropy principle, the geometry of high-dimensional Hilbert space, the locality of physical observables, and the eigenstate typicality principle.
2484h agoCrystallographic defects in the Kitaev honeycomb spin liquid create a topological gap, generate ferromagnetic interactions, and lead to a finite temperature phase transition into a chiral spin liquid.
2484h agoThe driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard chain exhibits two distinct dynamical regimes: a regular quasilinear regime and a chaotic regime, governed by the interplay between coherent drive, dissipation, and interaction.
2484h agoTraffic congestion follows epidemic-like behavior, with patterns similar to Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible or Susceptible-Infected-Recovered processes, which relates to the well-known Fundamental Diagram of Traffic.
2484h agoDisordered metasurfaces with a critical packing of metaatoms exhibit a marked transition in scattered light properties, allowing for new design strategies to manipulate light using ultrathin optical coatings.
2484h agoAdding a link and allowing neighboring nodes to rewire their links leads to a discontinuous transition in an explosive percolation model, even with a finite number of rewiring nodes.
2484h agoThe study of wave-packet dynamics in one-dimensional non-Hermitian lattices reveals that the group velocity of a wave packet is governed by both the real and imaginary parts of the band structure.
2484h agoThe activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) declines in apical neural stem cells after the first postnatal weeks, leading to a shift in gene expression that promotes quiescence.
2484h agoNeurons in neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington's disease may experience premature aging, and changes in age-related genes help these neurons resist damage, with certain genes, such as CXXC4, playing a key role in maintaining neuron health.
2488h agoDesirability and cognitive effort govern the deliberation process in decision-making, with a new theory explaining how the nervous system tunes this process across contexts to produce typical decision behaviours and neural dynamics.
2488h agoArtificial neural networks, especially transformer-based architectures like ViT, can approximate human eye movement patterns in face processing by integrating information from sequential fixations.
2492h agoHarmonious color combinations influence early visual processing, and the number of colors used in a design has a stronger influence on aesthetic judgments.
2492h agoSerotonin 5-HT7 receptors control hippocampal-prefrontal pathways by activating inhibitory microcircuits, and blocking these receptors may help restore normal brain function in neuropsychiatric disorders.
2492h agoThe disruption of a molecular triad composed of gangliosides, neuroplastin, and plasma membrane calcium ATPase leads to diminished calcium ATPase activity in glioblastoma.
2496h agoTextured Gabor flicker is a more comfortable and effective alternative to traditional luminance flicker for low-frequency steady-state visual evoked potential paradigms, producing stronger visual responses and higher brain-computer interface accuracy.
2496h agoDepolarization block in olfactory sensory neurons enables animals to distinguish between different odors by creating distinct patterns of neuron activity, even when the intensity of the odor changes.
2496h agoTET2 regulates the balance between stemness and differentiation in adult neural stem cells by controlling the deposition of 5hmC across gene promoters, bodies, and enhancers.
2496h agoSex differences exist in sleep EEG patterns among children without neurodevelopmental disorders, and these differences may be distinct in children with disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and intellectual disabilities.
2496h agoEEG markers differ between motor adaptation and de novo learning, with distinct neural mechanisms underlying each, including differences in preparatory and feedback-related brain activity.
2496h agoBiological sex and gonadal hormones play a key role in shaping cocaine-induced brain changes and behavioral responses, with males and females showing different reactions to cocaine due to their sex and hormone levels.
2496h agoFish use the difference in phase between particle motion and pressure of sound to localize sound direction, and their directional hearing is both frequency and phase dependent.
2496h agoA new mechanism for coincidence detection is discovered in the Drosophila head direction network, where neurons releasing the monoamine octopamine convey postsynaptic activity onto presynaptic terminals of visual inputs to anchor the head direction network to visual cues.
2496h agoPaxillin does not play a required role in axonal growth during neural development, and its loss in pyramidal cortical neurons leads to increased axon length after brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulation.
2500h agoExperience modifies the distribution of excitatory synapses in over a hundred brain regions, with different experiences changing distinct subsets of synapses, and this reorganisation occurs throughout development and adulthood.
2500h agoThalamic recordings during non-rapid eye movement sleep reveal both pathological and physiological interictal events, and specific patterns are associated with seizure outcomes in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
2500h agoPCDH17 and PCDH10 molecules organize two distinct neural circuits in the basal ganglia that regulate different behaviors, including task learning and motor/sensory habituation.
2500h agoEstrogen dynamics can now be tracked in living animals using a new tool called neuro-seeER, which reveals fluctuations in estrogen action across different brain sites and over time.
2500h agoSatellite microglia, a subpopulation of immune cells, reshape inhibitory circuit connectivity and control neuronal activity by shielding inhibitory synapses in the adult mouse brain.
2500h agoBMP signaling changes with age and contributes to Alzheimer's Disease by disrupting lipid metabolism in APOE4 astrocytes, leading to neuronal tau hyperphosphorylation and reduced survival.
2500h agoA fully iPS-cell-based human three-dimensional blood-brain barrier model shows that the stroke risk gene FOXF2 plays a role in BBB dysregulation.
2504h agoFOXF2 maintains cerebrovascular function through Tie2 signaling, and activating Tie2 with AKB-9778 improves deficits in cerebral small vessel disease and stroke.
2504h agoA physics-infused heterogeneous graph neural network enables the rapid optimization and discovery of photon upconverting nanoparticle heterostructures that are 6.5-fold brighter than any nanoparticle in the training set.
2504h agoA new framework characterises consciousness-related brain activity through three key properties: hierarchical integration, cross-frequency complexity, and metastability, and reliably separates high-consciousness from impaired or non-conscious states.
2508h agoThe brain achieves rapid and coherent inference by transforming complex search problems into simpler navigation tasks through a process called topological condensation.
2508h agoLarge language models' attention heads specialize in specific cognitive functions, such as retrieval and logical reasoning, and play a vital role in the models' reasoning abilities.
2508h agoAlzheimer's disease is a complex interplay of pathologies, including amyloid-beta, tau, and neuroinflammation, requiring combination therapies that target multiple aspects of the disease for effective management.
2508h agoNeural mass models, which describe brain activity, can be organized into a systematic framework that relates different models to each other, allowing researchers to choose a model based on the level of abstraction and biological detail needed.
2508h agoSymmetry-Loss, a brain-inspired algorithmic principle, enforces invariance and equivariance through a differentiable constraint to create efficient, stable, and compositional representations.
2508h agoA mathematical model shows that separating the self from the environment helps create a self-model that enables better predictions and purposeful behavior.
2508h agoThe brain's cognitive structure, called the cognitome, is a high-order neural hypernetwork that can be modeled using math, and it works by discovering causal relationships in the external world and drawing conclusions from them.
2508h agoConscious representations in the brain are unambiguous, and researchers have found that certain neural network structures can also encode information unambiguously, allowing for accurate identification of represented content.
2508h agoMultimodal MRI can be effectively integrated and analyzed using Laplacian harmonics and spectral graph theory, allowing for robust and interpretable multi-scale brain structure analysis.
2508h agoSerotonin dynamics are shaped by firing frequency, varicosity geometry, and uptake kinetics, and varicosities form diffusively coupled microdomains that can generate spatial "serotonin reservoirs".
2508h agoBrain-Semantoks, a self-supervised framework, learns abstract representations of brain dynamics from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series, enabling strong performance on various downstream tasks.
2508h agoTissue conductivity representations that link microscopic and macroscopic assumptions improve simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
2508h agoThe generalized Camassa-Holm peakon model has a bi-Hamiltonian structure defined by linear and quadratic Poisson brackets.
2508h agoNeural mass models, which describe brain activity, can be organized into a systematic framework that relates different models to each other, allowing researchers to choose a model based on the level of abstraction and biological detail needed.
2508h agoSymmetry-Loss, a brain-inspired algorithmic principle, enforces invariance and equivariance through a differentiable constraint to create efficient, stable, and compositional representations.
2508h agoUnitary quantum systems with strong eigenvalue repulsion exhibit crystalline-like behavior in the spectral form factor, which can be described using a low-temperature Coulomb gas model and reproduced with perturbed permutation circuits and random matrix ensembles.
2508h agoNonlinear optical Thouless pumps maintain quantized displacement of solitons even in the presence of disorder, and nonlinearity allows for quicker execution of pumps.
2508h agoA novel solution enables the adiabatic, reversible, and controlled excitation of dark and bright solitons in Kerr micro-resonators with normal group velocity dispersion.
2508h agoThe observable drift, a measure of sensitivity to adiabatic deformations, correctly characterizes classical systems as chaotic and is equivalent to the traditional definition of chaos based on sensitivity to initial conditions.
2508h agoAdaptive chaos control can be achieved in a seasonally forced and noise-perturbed Lorenz84 model using two strategies: local Lyapunov exponents and transition probabilities from a non-homogeneous Hidden Markov Model.
2508h agoA specific type of system called a time crystal exhibits long-range order and periodic motion when an external field is applied to driven diffusive fluids.
2508h agoHamiltonian dynamics uncovers the structural properties of learning dynamics in games, revealing symmetries and conserved quantities that lead to convergence to the Nash equilibrium.
2508h agoExciting the transverse breathing mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate produces longitudinal collective excitations in pairs, and the growth rate of these excitations matches theoretical predictions.
2508h agoUnitary quantum systems with strong eigenvalue repulsion exhibit crystalline-like behavior in the spectral form factor, which can be described using a low-temperature Coulomb gas model and reproduced with perturbed permutation circuits and random matrix ensembles.
2508h agoDeePTB-NEGF, a new framework, combines deep learning and quantum transport simulations to accurately and efficiently predict the electronic behavior of 2D materials, achieving orders-of-magnitude improvement in efficiency compared to conventional methods.
2508h agoThe temperature and frequency dependence of ac dissipation in strongly disordered superconductors is explained by a new type of bulk localized collective modes that dominate low-frequency dissipation.
2508h agoA model of high-dimensional dynamical variables with random and non-reciprocal interactions exhibits chaotic dynamics with exponentially many linearly unstable equilibria.
2508h agoA method is presented to derive the exact elastic continuum model of any discrete network of springs, requiring only the network's geometry and topology.
2508h agoStatistical physics can analyse deep learning models, and a study of a multi-layer perceptron finds that its learning ability improves with more data, but is influenced by the model's depth, non-linearity, and width.
2508h agoConsciousness is required for binding basic sensory features, but not for their initial encoding, which occurs automatically in localized sensory cortical networks.
2508h agoMicroglia regulate seizure activity and protect against severe seizures through P2RY12 signaling, and a deficiency in microglia or P2RY12 increases seizure severity and susceptibility.
2512h agoInfluenza A virus pneumonia accelerates the expansion of disease-associated microglia in the brain, which is linked to cognitive decline and dementia, and this effect is age-dependent.
2520h agoMutations in the SCN2A gene lead to impaired cortical sensory processing, which can be improved by increasing SCN2A expression, even in young adults.
2528h agoProsodic information in human speech, including pitch and pauses, is processed by a distinct set of brain areas that help integrate linguistic meanings with non-verbal communicative signals.
2528h agoAstrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles contain a molecular scaffold characteristic of astrocytic endfeet, including the GlialCAM/MLC1 network and GPCRs, which may extend their signaling functions to the extracellular space.
2528h agoSensory areas encode working memory contents, but the format of this information changes over time and is not the same as during perception.
2528h agoAuditory representations emerge before word onset during silent reading, mimicking the sequence of sounds of the corresponding words and providing a basis for the inner voice experience.
2528h agoSpinocerebellar ataxia type 1 causes changes in the striatal brain region, including downregulated mRNAs, decreased dopamine receptor protein expression, and reduced excitatory synaptic transmission in medium spiny neurons.
2528h agoSupervised learning accurately categorizes brain hemispheres as left or right based on functional connectivity, especially in right-handed people.
2528h agoContextual associations between objects guide attention during visual search, influencing early processing, interacting with categorical information, and shaping behavioral performance.
2528h agoBorder-associated macrophages have a hyper-endocytic phenotype that enables them to effectively remove pathogenic material, such as amyloid-beta, and this phenotype is conserved across species and can be replicated in vitro.
2528h agoDamage to different brain areas and networks causes distinct types of apraxia, with limb apraxia linked to parietal lobe and white matter damage, buccofacial apraxia to focal lesions in the sensorimotor cortex, and apraxia of speech to highly focal, scattered damage.
2528h agoCortical networks balance local specialization and global integration by fluctuating around a critical point between ordered and disordered phases of neuronal activity.
2532h agoGene expression is tightly coupled with brain-wide connectivity in the cortico-thalamic circuit, and specific gene expression in axons reflects their cortical origins.
2532h agoLogarithmic coding enables adaptive responses to visual perturbations, allowing animals to stabilize their position during continuous and intermittent locomotion.
2532h agoFrontal motor circuits transform abstract cognitive representations into concrete motor actions by dynamically reconfiguring their interactions across decision stages.
2532h agoThe brain encodes individual differences in pain perception and changes in pain perception over time through different neural patterns.
2532h agoShort excitatory connections in the brain increase the number of common presynaptic inputs, enhancing neural response correlations, and support signal propagation, functional clustering, and complex computation.
2532h agoThe CLIP learning paradigm enables deep neural networks to produce a color representation that strongly aligns with human color perception at the fine-item level.
2536h agoSingle neurons can encode and maintain temporal information over several seconds, independent of synaptic drive, through intrinsic mechanisms that allow them to represent elapsed time.
2536h agoOptimal decoding performance in EEG data is achieved when the regularization strength is equal to or greater than 1 and 3 to 5 folds with at least 10 trials per average are used.
2536h agoCleLight, a new light-enhanced clearing method, increases tissue transparency, reduces autofluorescence, and enables high-resolution imaging of thick human brain sections.
2540h agoThe expansion of the polyglutamine tract in the androgen receptor causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, which is marked by endoplasmic reticulum stress, high expression of disease-associated neuropeptides, and specific molecular pathways that can be targeted for therapy.
2540h agoOptogenetic techniques can be applied to peripheral sensory nerves using an adeno-associated virus vector to treat sensory disorders.
2540h agoChildren's second language vocabulary learning is better measured by scalp topography and global field dynamics than by a single N400 amplitude in classroom settings.
2540h agoNeuronal hyperexcitability precedes amyloid plaque deposition and likely contributes to Alzheimer's disease progression, with three distinct stages of epileptogenesis identified in mice.
2540h agoHair-plate sensilla in crickets are present from the first instar stage and maintain a highly stereotyped spatial arrangement throughout development, providing a robust proprioceptive system that detects antennal position.
2540h agoBiological neural networks are organized into communities that support functional specialization and adaptability, and analysis of the fruit fly brain connectome reveals that these communities are typically spatially compact and aligned with known biological features.
2540h agoMutations in SWS or PNPLA6 cause progressive neuronal degeneration and complex syndromes, including mental retardation, spastic paraplegia, ataxia, and blindness.
2540h agoBrief transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex increases its functional connectivity with other brain regions, especially with non-default mode networks.
2540h agoSocioeconomic status shows the strongest associations with brain function and structure, and explains 40% of brain links to intelligence, in a study of brain-wide variation.
2540h agoTwo biased 5-HT7R ligands, Serodolin and MOA51, effectively reduce pain responses and spinal neuroinflammation in pain models, and do not induce tolerance with repeated administration.
2540h agoReducing APOE4 produced by neurons with antisense oligonucleotides protects against key hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease pathology, including neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.
2540h agoNeurons regulate their firing rate through local calcium changes that can encode separate feedback signals, allowing for independent control of synaptic strength and intrinsic excitability in different parts of the neuron.
2540h agoVGF, a neuropeptide precursor, modulates synaptic and drug-evoked plasticity in the nucleus accumbens, influencing opioid sensitivity and psychomotor sensitization.
2540h agoMelanopsin plays a larger role in shaping circadian photic responses in females than in males, and female mice have higher levels of melanopsin expression in ipRGCs.
2540h agoRapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease has a biochemically distinct form of tau oligomers that is more toxic and associated with different cellular pathways than the form found in slowly progressive Alzheimer's disease.
2540h agoMRI can now non-invasively assess cell types, abundance, and location in the brain, and researchers have developed a machine learning framework called STRATA to quantify cell type proportions from MR images.
2540h agoMitochondrial gene expression is downregulated in neurons after exposure to -synuclein aggregates, with genes MT-ND1 and MT-ATP6 decreasing, regardless of the proximity of the aggregates to the sampled mitochondria.
2540h agoPatients with multiple sclerosis show a larger bias in reproducing time intervals, overestimating short intervals and underestimating long intervals, due to an over-reliance on prior expectations and greater measurement noise during the sensory stage.
2544h agoBeta2* nAChRs in different types of neurons in the prefrontal cortex have distinct roles in regulating behavior, including working memory, social behavior, and anxiety.
2544h agoDiscovering hidden structure guides neural replay, enabling fast generalization by updating information about the values of states.
2552h agoThe brain's network is sub-optimal for communication and cost, as it prioritizes reliability over efficiency and cost, using a distributed "rich club" backbone to resist breakdown.
2552h agoAntidepressants increase the breakdown of perineuronal nets, which in turn decrease the activity of inhibitory neurons and may contribute to their therapeutic effects.
2552h agoAlternative splicing of the Ank3 gene allows the ankyrin-G protein to modulate neuron type-specific excitability in addition to its role in organizing the axon initial segment.
2552h agoAcetylcholine release in the dorsolateral striatum is selectively biased toward negative valence and plays a crucial role in reorganizing network dynamics to prime ensembles for impending threat and bias learning toward threat persistence.
2552h agoA unified mechanism that integrates depth perception and figure ground organization is proposed, where border ownership emerges from thresholded relative disparity differencing, allowing for contour-based segmentation and depth perception.
2552h agoGABAergic signaling inhibits neurotransmitter release mainly by Gβγ-mediated inhibition of SNARE mechanisms, not by reducing calcium entry, and synthetic drug application does not fully replicate this endogenous pathway.
2552h agoP/Q-type calcium channels in oligodendrocyte lineage cells are required for normal myelination in the developing central nervous system.
2552h agoThe subthalamic nucleus encodes both motor and linguistic aspects of speech production, and a subset of its neural clusters also respond to orofacial movements.
2552h agoNeural population responses are governed by optimal feedback mechanisms that enable flexible transitions between complex strategies to control musculoskeletal dynamics.
2552h agoThe level of CaV1.2 protein expression acts as a molecular switch that determines whether dendritic growth is promoted or inhibited, depending on its interaction with L-type current activity.
2552h agoSpatial context modifies visual perception in the primary visual cortex by enhancing novel features, and this effect is achieved through distinct contributions of feedback from higher-order visual areas and lateral connections within the cortex.
2552h agoThe hippocampus acts as a gating mechanism that governs the trade-off between learning during active practice and rest periods, and modulating it can boost overall performance by shifting learning to a more efficient pathway.
2552h agoFkbp5 in noradrenergic neurons helps regulate social behavior in response to stress, and its deletion increases pro-social behavior in male mice by altering communication between certain brain areas.
2552h agoAdolescent brain maturation supports cognitive specialization through reductions in intrinsic neural timescales, which are linked to improved cognitive function.
2552h agoHormones affect specific brain circuits to modulate parenting behavior in mothers and fathers, with different circuits and hormones influencing caregiving and aggression.
2552h agoActivation of cholecystokinin interneurons by norepinephrine plays an inhibitory role in fear learning by enhancing theta oscillations and patterned inhibitory synaptic input in the basolateral amygdala.
2552h agoNorepinephrine from the locus coeruleus coordinates valence assignment by controlling the activity of specific interneurons in the basolateral amygdala, driving the coding of experiences as either positive or negative.
2552h agoThe endocannabinoid system differs between humans and mice with Alzheimer's disease, with distinct patterns of cannabinoid receptor and enzyme distribution and association that are also influenced by sex and genetics.
2552h agoThe development of flexible memory relies on the integration of experiences across time and space in the brain, which happens as the anterior hippocampus matures and improves its ability to link information.
2552h agoChildren born preterm have weaker brain activity and less coordinated motor skills, linked to delayed maturation of motor cortical circuits and variations in brain development.
2556h agoBrain activity operates near a balance between order and disorder, and a multiscale model shows that local and global brain criticality are intertwined but not directly aligned, with their relationship depending on structural connectivity.
2556h agoThe noradrenergic inputs from the locus coeruleus to the orbitofrontal cortex support adaptive learning by adjusting learning rates according to environmental volatility and stochasticity.
2556h agoObservers adjust attention by increasing signal strength at expected target locations when expecting a difficult search, rather than changing the spatial scope of attention.
2556h agoPeripheral CB1R inhibition suppresses food intake and improves metabolism in obese mice by activating brain structures that regulate satiety through both vagal and vagal-independent pathways.
2556h agoHearing loss, age, and spatial location jointly affect people's ability to detect new or changing sounds in their environment.
2556h agoVisuospatial neglect after a right-hemisphere stroke impairs automatic detection of regularity violations more substantially than a stroke without neglect, and this deficit does not improve with time or rehabilitation.
2556h agoThe prelimbic medial prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in the development of food addiction, with differences in its calcium activity dynamics associated with key addiction criteria.
2556h agoNociceptor ensembles are organized in a hierarchical structure, with tissue identity being the main factor that determines which mechano-nociceptors are activated in response to noxious mechanical stimuli.
2556h agoMild hyperthermia delivered to the brain using focused ultrasound improves cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease mice by increasing the expression of proteins that degrade beta-amyloid and reduce oxidative stress.
2560h agoA new all-optical beam multiplexing engine enables kilohertz-frame-rate imaging of voltage across a large field of view, allowing for submillisecond imaging of neural activity in hundreds of neurons.
2560h agoSerotonergic neurons promote the growth of high-grade gliomas by releasing serotonin, which activates 5HT2A receptors on glioma cells, leading to increased cell proliferation and reduced survival.
2564h agoThe human auditory cortex encodes the identity of an attended speaker in distinct spatial activation maps that are independent of temporal dynamics.
2564h agoShared neural responses are higher among people in the same social group, particularly for those with a more homogeneous social structure, such as a religious group.
2564h agoA theoretical model shows that neural networks can perform multiple tasks by combining low-rank components, and that small changes in network connectivity allow tasks to be selected without interference.
2564h agoCACNA1C dysfunction disrupts excitatory-inhibitory balance, network organization, and neurodevelopment, with loss-of-function and gain-of-function variants causing opposite effects on neuronal activity and development.
2564h agoA scalable analytical framework harmonizes proteomic data from 13,733 individuals, revealing disease-specific plasma signatures and candidate biomarkers for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
2568h agoHigh-resolution imaging of non-human primate brains is achieved at 10.5T MRI using a new RF coil toolset, allowing for detailed anatomical structures to be revealed with high spatial resolutions.
2568h agoThe subthalamic nucleus plays a predominant role in actively facilitating desired actions, with most of its task-related neurons exhibiting activity that increases for rewarded choices.
2568h agoCovert neuron loss causes multi-day changes in brain wave patterns similar to those seen after a symptomatic stroke.
2568h agoGenetics play a moderate role in the brain's response to pain relief through placebo, accounting for 21 to 49% of the variance in neural activation.
2568h agoCue-evoked dopamine in the nucleus accumbens core encodes the persistence of cue value, independently of changes in reward value, and this neural signal remains unchanged even when behavior adapts to reward loss.
2568h agoLRRK2 acts as a sensor of lysosomal volume and mechanical stress, and its activity is triggered by lysosomal swelling, not membrane damage or other signals.
2568h agoOligodendrocytes play an active role in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and exhibit changes in cell state and molecular activity, including a shift towards reactive states, in ALS patients.
2568h agoOlder adults have more disorder in brain network landscapes, which is linked to worse physical function and higher body mass index.
2568h agoCongenital handlessness leads to reorganization in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), where foot movements activate areas typically reserved for hand movements, due to lifelong compensatory foot use.
2568h agoIschemic stroke causes a long-term shift in stromal progenitor cell composition, leading to excessive fibrosis, impaired regenerative processes, and persistent cerebrovascular dysfunction.
2568h agoThere is no paragraph to summarize, only a citation and publication information. If you provide the actual paragraph, I can assist with creating a summary sentence.
2576h agoEd Kravitz, a pioneer in interdisciplinary neuroscience, died on 21 September 2025 at the age of 92.
2576h agoA spectrolaminar motif of local field potential power exists across primate neocortex.
2576h agoBright light reduces feeding and weight gain in mice by activating a specific pathway from the retina to the brain that inhibits appetite-regulating neurons.
2576h agoNeural activity selectively represents the identity and category of visual stimuli, with different visual features contributing to this selectivity, including retinotopy, shape, and texture.
2576h agoA new neural structure, called a Parallel Neuron Group (PNG), is discovered in the adult Drosophila brain, characterized by groups of neurons that share a high number of input and output neurons.
2580h agoLarger brains operate with lower firing rates because their activity follows avalanche dynamics, which leads to a universal economy of scale.
2580h agoA stochastic framework models and segments transient spindle-like oscillatory bursts in EEG signals as realizations of a two-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with a stable focus.
2580h agoSpatial Spiking Neural Networks (SpSNNs) outperform traditional spiking neural networks with fewer parameters by learning neuron positions in a finite-dimensional space, reducing computational cost while maintaining accuracy.
2580h agoThe kinetic Ising model was adapted to study changing patterns in neural activity, revealing that mice with better performance have more efficient neural computation during task engagement.
2580h agoThe mu-opioid and anesthetic-induced unawareness is caused by the activation of the medial habenula and interpeduncular nucleus, which slows down respiration and promotes slow-wave sleep, memory replay, and rest.
2580h agoStochastic gradient descent causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and trained on different data to learn the same representations up to a rotation, known as Perfectly Platonic representations.
2580h agoA new method analyzes angles between tangent subspaces to estimate inertial manifold dimension, requiring less computational effort and memory than previous methods.
2580h agoA family of four-dimensional discrete dynamical systems associated with coupled oscillators exhibits chaos in the sense of Li-Yorke.
2580h agoThe generalized Ziegler pendulum's integrability and transition to chaotic motion are analyzed, showing that added external forces, including gravity, friction, and dissipative forces, affect its integrable cases.
2580h agoHigher-order interactions, phase frustration, and noise interact to govern synchronization in globally coupled heterogeneous Kuramoto oscillators, with weak frustration and mutually reinforcing coupling promoting synchronization, and strong frustration favoring coherence under repulsive coupling.
2580h agoThe Melnikov method applied to generalized Ziegler pendulums yields an analytical form for the separatrix of the system, allowing definition of relationships between the Melnikov integral and control parameters that distinguish between regular and chaotic orbits.
2580h agoA single oscillator with two delayed-feedback loops replicates the wavefront propagation of a network of bistable nodes with nonlocal coupling.
2580h agoCoupling delay in phase-oscillator networks generates inertial terms and higher-order interactions, leading to complex collective patterns such as splay, cyclops, and chimera states.
2580h agoQuantum resource theories can be assessed through a unified protocol that quantifies the resource-generating power of arbitrary quantum evolutions using deep thermalization.
2580h agoLLM generation follows a detailed balance, indicating that LLMs implicitly learn underlying potential functions rather than generally learning rule sets and strategies.
2580h agoLinear mode coupling induces deformable vector solitons with different temporal and spectral structures in ultrafast fiber lasers.
2580h agoThe Lorenz and Chen attractors share common properties and fundamental differences that are not yet fully understood. (or an improved version) Lorenz and Chen attractors have common properties and fundamental differences. However, a better sentence would be: Lorenz and Chen attractors have a set of homoclinic orbits with different topological structures defined by their rotations around the axis of symmetry.
2580h agoThe calculation of exponent $z$ in model A of critical dynamics has been analytically performed to four loops in $d=4-2\varepsilon$ dimensions using parametrical integration with hyperlogarithms.
2580h agoThe Galerkin-truncated Euler equation leads to absolute equilibrium states, which thermalize and exhibit an emergent pseudo-dissipation range in the energy spectrum.
2580h agoThe Dirac-Bianconi operator enables interactions between dynamics on nodes, links, and higher-order structures in networks, leading to behaviors such as periodic oscillations.
2580h agoThermodynamic efficiency can be generalised to multiple control parameters and expressed in terms of how well system parameters can be inferred from observable behaviour or how difficult it is to navigate the statistical manifold.
2580h agoThe discrete evolution problem leads to a generalized discrete version of the Magnus expansion and establishes key links between quantum algebras, tridendriform and pre-Lie algebras.
2580h agoThe generalized False Vacuum Skyrme model leads to globally minimal energy solutions where the $h$ fields are self-dual and the Skyrme field configuration is spherically symmetric.
2580h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
2580h agoThe minimal seeds for transitioning to turbulence and relaminarization lie in distant regions of state space and have different structures, with the former primarily in the direction of streamwise vortices and the latter distributed across multiple modes.
2580h agoThe periodic elliptic Ruijsenaars chain has a classical dynamical $r$-matrix structure that provides Liouville integrability, and its continuous non-relativistic limit relates to the Maillet type non-ultralocal $r$-matrix structure of the elliptic Calogero-Moser model.
2580h agoThe emergence of coherent structures from chaotic backgrounds in active biological swarms occurs through a transition to active turbulence characterized by quantized loop phase currents and coherent clustering.
2580h agoThe U(1) quantum link model in a ladder geometry shows criticality consistent with the Ising universality class for all phase transitions observed, and its transitions survive with some robustness against disorder.
2580h agoQuantum resource theories can be assessed through a unified protocol that quantifies the resource-generating power of arbitrary quantum evolutions using deep thermalization.
2580h agoThe alloy of AlN with SiC has wurtzite, zincblende, and rhombohedral phases that are statistically relevant for a Bulk Acoustic Wave filter application.
2580h agoTwo quantum-classical hybrid methods simulate the time-dependence of electron-phonon systems, treating electronic correlations exactly and optical-phonon degrees of freedom classically, and show that classical oscillators cause delocalization in strongly disordered systems.
2580h agoRotating the boundary of bilayer graphene cavities relative to the lattice drives the system towards chaos, leading to eigenenergy level repulsion and spatially uncorrelated random waves.
2580h agoGlassy systems' quench dynamics show a phase transition between strong and weak ergodicity breaking at a finite temperature, with computational cost scaling sublinearly using a new algorithm.
2580h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
2580h agoNon-Hermitian topology protects transport in one-dimensional systems up to a substantial critical disorder strength, and a sharp phase transition to Anderson localization occurs beyond this point.
2580h agoA new technique using a Fiber Bragg Grating sensor measures particle velocities in granular gases at high particle densities, providing velocity distributions that match those from conventional particle-tracking measurements.
2580h agoThe kinetic Ising model was adapted to study changing patterns in neural activity, revealing that mice with better performance have more efficient neural computation during task engagement.
2580h agoInteractions in disordered many-body localized systems cause nonstabilizerness to grow as a power-law, unlike in ergodic systems where it rapidly saturates.
2580h agoStochastic gradient descent causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and trained on different data to learn the same representations up to a rotation, known as Perfectly Platonic representations.
2580h agoThe SIS model on directed complex networks exhibits a nonequilibrium phase transition between the absorbing and endemic phases when the mean degree is greater than or equal to the inverse of the average infection rate.
2580h agoPial collaterals play a key role in coordinating blood flow across different areas of the brain by propagating signals between adjacent cortical territories.
2580h agoThe insular cortex sends a predictive signal before a meal that helps regulate blood sugar levels by triggering the release of insulin and maintaining metabolic balance.
2580h agoChildren with binge eating have increased efficiency and connectedness in certain brain networks, which may make them more vulnerable to overeating.
2580h agoThe brain's dynamic states do not map directly onto static large-scale networks, but instead, each state engages multiple networks and each network participates in several states.
2580h agoA computational model using gated recurrency with biological realism best predicts auditory cortical responses to natural sounds, outperforming other models.
2580h agoA new meta-learning framework discovers local learning rules that enable structured credit assignment in recurrent networks trained with sparse feedback.
2584h agoHumans' adaptability in learning comes from efficient use of brain areas that turn prediction errors into actions, not from better prediction errors themselves.
2584h agoNon-Hermitian systems with the skin effect exhibit a universal Anderson localization transition, regardless of disorder distribution or Hamiltonian structure, with critical exponents nu = 1.50 and beta ~ 0.65.
2584h agoA new meta-learning framework discovers local learning rules that enable structured credit assignment in recurrent networks trained with sparse feedback.
2584h agoA non-invasive framework based on whole-brain models reveals that consciousness is linked to violations of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem in brain signals, which decrease in unresponsive states and disorders of consciousness.
2584h agoThe cross-talk function analysis reveals that the effect of residual field spread on extracting brain activity from regions of interest and estimating connectivity between them varies greatly across the cortex, with areas farther from recording sensors more likely to capture activity from other areas.
2584h agoAlzheimer's disease causes disruptions in large-scale brain networks, particularly affecting limbic, subcortical, and higher cognition networks early, then progressing to other areas, with changes detectable before formal diagnosis.
2588h agoRac1 activity is elevated in tuberous sclerosis complex, and inhibiting Rac1 rescues anxiety-like behavior, restores brain connectivity, and normalizes gene expression.
2588h agoGene replacement therapy restores retinal function in mice with a condition causing inherited blindness by delivering a healthy copy of the KCNV2 gene to the retina.
2588h agoThe versatility of the Deleted in Colon Cancer (DCC) receptor comes from its ability to interact with two ligands, Netrin-1 and Draxin, to guide axon extension and define synaptic connections.
2588h agoActivation of cannabinoid receptors leads to increased non-axonal ensheathment of neuronal cell bodies without changing normal myelin formation or oligodendrocyte differentiation.
2588h agoNeural populations across the brain transition from movement preparation to execution through distinct but overlapping manifolds, with primary motor cortex shifting last, around 100 ms before movement onset.
2588h agoAmyloid-beta disrupts oligodendrocyte function in Alzheimer's disease by increasing levels of the myelin regulatory factor MYRF, and inhibiting the enzyme PKC can prevent this disruption and improve cognitive function.
2588h agoOffline reactivation of brain-wide motor circuit representations supports exploration and retention of optimal motor strategies, with distinct types of reactivation events contributing to strategy exploration and consolidation.
2588h agoA subset of synaptic connections is maintained during periods of reduced brain activity, and these protected connections, characterized by specific structural features, underlie long-term memory retention.
2588h agoSoluble epoxide hydrolase in astrocytes drives vascular instability in Alzheimer's disease, and deleting this enzyme mitigates vascular changes and preserves blood vessel function.
2588h agoIschemic stroke in Alzheimer's disease generates a novel microglial phenotype that rapidly accumulates dense amyloid beta plaques with a relatively benign nature.
2588h agoSex hormone levels are linked to changes in brain characteristics that distinguish males from females, with fluctuations in hormone levels associated with changes in these brain characteristics over time.
2588h agoInsufficient measurement device input impedance and unmitigated stimulator leakage currents lead to underestimation of DC offsets and overestimation of charge injection limits at platinum electrodes, especially with smaller electrode sizes.
2592h agoCircadian disruptions impair brain immune cells called macrophages, which normally clean up amyloid-beta, and this impairment increases the risk of Alzheimer's Disease.
2592h agoAn algorithm that automatically extracts electrode coordinates from structural MRI achieves a median localization error of 2.3 mm, allowing for accurate and precise electrode placement in transcranial direct current stimulation studies.
2592h agoAlkyl ether lipids exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by activating key intracellular signaling pathways and enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and their ether bond structure alone may be sufficient to confer biological activity.
2592h agoMeditation improves mental well-being and emotional regulation by integrating autonomic and cortical responses, leading to a state of relaxed-alertness and increased gamma-band power.
2592h agoDynamic functional connectivity analysis reveals a landscape of methodological contrast in studying Parkinson's disease, with variability in preprocessing strategies but convergence on core analytical choices.
2592h agoGnptab deficiency impairs fine motor behaviors in mice, causing them to have trouble grasping and retrieving food pellets due to problems with grasp shaping and trajectory control.
2592h agoRestoring calpastatin function through calpain inhibition improves locomotor deficits, neuromuscular junction dysfunction, and synaptic integrity in models of C9orf72-associated ALS.
2592h agoAyahuasca causes changes in brain connectivity, specifically weakening hub influence, increasing distributed communication pathways, and affecting the right hemisphere more, leading to less efficient brain communication.
2592h agoThe sex chromosomes, not just gonadal hormones, drive sex differences in the brain, particularly in the mouse medial septum, by regulating gene expression related to synaptic development, metabolism, and human disorders.
2592h agoFlies can maintain a consistent navigational direction for days to weeks by using a visual cue to guide their movement.
2592h agoCortical beta oscillations play a key role in both motor control and cognitive processes, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can modulate these oscillations to facilitate faster movement initiation.
2592h agoElevated Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) activity impairs synaptic integrity and cognition, while PLD1 attenuation improves synaptic function and cognitive resilience in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
2596h agoSusceptibility-matched padding improves the quality of spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recordings by increasing B0 field homogeneity and reducing noise.
2596h agoPrefrontal astrocytes regulate reward-seeking behavior across associative learning by exhibiting functionally plastic calcium signals that track cue-reward associations and adapt to changes in reward contingencies.
2596h agoMicroglial immune signaling via MyD88 regulates the development of hippocampal inhibitory circuits, particularly affecting parvalbumin interneurons, in a sex-specific manner.
2596h agoMicrobleeds are a specific marker of amyloid-related vascular injury, not a general indicator of small-vessel impairment, and can serve as a disease-specific biomarker for detecting amyloid-driven vascular fragility in Alzheimer's disease.
2596h agoNoise-induced hearing loss is caused by damage to cochlear cells and neurons, and activating the heat shock transcription factor Hsf1 with a small molecule called TRC051384 protects these cells and preserves hearing.
2596h agoHuman-specific molecular and cellular regulatory programs prolong maturation of the prefrontal cortex by guiding the postnatal development of neurons and glia, affecting cognitive function and neurodevelopmental disorders.
2600h agoHippocampal sharp waves reflect sleep need and allow the hippocampus to discharge sleep need even when the cortex is awake.
2600h agoA third visual pathway in the brain specializes in processing dynamic social cues such as facial expressions, eye gaze, and body movements to support social perception.
2604h agoA new meta-learning framework discovers local learning rules that enable recurrent networks to learn from sparse, delayed feedback using only local information.
2604h agoNeuroSketch, a framework for neural decoding, achieves state-of-the-art performance across all evaluated datasets by systematically optimizing model architectures.
2604h agoHuman adaptability in learning tasks comes from efficient use of brain areas that turn prediction errors into actions, not from better prediction error encoding.
2604h agoA novel network construction method enables efficient simulation of large-scale spiking neural networks on multi-GPU clusters and supercomputers by managing communication and memory.
2604h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep by influencing brain and body functions through the gut-microbiota-brain axis, and changes in its composition can lead to sleep disorders and other health problems.
2604h agoThe Structurally Adaptive Predictive Inference Network (SAPIN) model learns to process information and position its computational resources by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid.
2604h agoCalculations show that the radius of convergence of Hill's series is near the value of m of the cusped orbit, which is 0.560958.
2604h agoNoise can trigger extreme events in a network of coupled oscillators, and these events can occur globally or partially across the network depending on noise intensity and coupling strength.
2604h agoClustered echo state networks improve the prediction of multivariate time series by organizing reservoir nodes into clusters that correspond to distinct input variables.
2604h agoNon-local competitive interactions lead to self-organized vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid ecosystems through two distinct mechanisms that generate Turing instabilities.
2604h agoModularity in networks affects the dynamics of Kuramoto oscillators, and a coarse-graining procedure can accurately describe the phase transition from asynchronous to synchronous motion when modules are well synchronized.
2604h agoStability in complex systems is determined by a spectral outlier, and instability can originate in nodes with unusually low or high degree, or occur throughout the network.
2604h agoStandard diffusion-based generative models induce a spectral collapse that renders high-wavenumber modes indistinguishable from noise, but using power-law schedules and Lazy Diffusion can prevent this collapse and produce accurate surrogates for multiscale dynamical systems.
2604h agoA method for finding a Liouvillian first integral of a rational second-order ordinary differential equation uses a nonlocal symmetry to construct polynomial vector fields that lead to an integrating factor.
2604h agoDynamical systems can be coupled to drive their combined dynamics onto a lower dimensional submanifold, achieving a specified functional relationship between the variables of the two systems.
2604h agoThe topological Kuramoto model exhibits multistability, with the number of coexisting stable states determined by winding number constraints, and cell complexes generate richer multistability patterns than simplicial complexes.
2604h agoConflict-averse centrism can help authoritarianism succeed in polarized political conflicts by limiting the effectiveness of democratic resistance.
2604h agoLocalization in disordered quantum chains can be characterized by rare chain-breaking events that are marked by extreme values of simple local observables, such as on-site density or local magnetization.
2604h agoTilt controls the transport properties of 2D Dirac fermions, leading to a range of behaviors including delocalization, localization, and a tilt-driven localization-delocalization transition.
2604h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking occurs on discrete geometric structures, such as lattices and networks, and is controlled by properties like fractional resistance distance and spectral dimension.
2604h agoMany-body localization is understood through local integrals of motion that are related to spatially localized quantum degrees of freedom.
2604h agoNon-Hermiticity and Rashba spin-orbit coupling combine to drive topological transitions in spinful p-wave Kitaev chains at lower potential strengths than in Hermitian systems.
2604h agoQuantum spin liquids can be dynamically prepared in a state with long-range entangled properties even when the ground state phase diagram does not exhibit such a topological phase.
2604h agoA new meta-learning framework discovers local learning rules that enable recurrent networks to learn from sparse, delayed feedback using only local information.
2604h agoThe out-of-equilibrium dynamics of mean-field spin glasses exhibits strong ergodicity breaking, where the system ages in a restricted space and never forgets its initial condition.
2604h agoA new deep learning model called DOTA accurately predicts adsorption energy using local density of states, requiring minimal high-fidelity training data and outperforming traditional theories.
2604h agoComplex biological mixtures can perform information retrieval through metastable phase separation.
2604h agoAnderson localization transitions in one-dimensional non-Hermitian systems with the skin effect belong to the same universality class regardless of disorder distribution or Hamiltonian structure.
2604h agoA data-driven learning method trains a neural network to predict measurement-induced entanglement in many-body systems, revealing a learnability transition with increasing circuit depth.
2604h agoA mutation in the KCNK18 gene disrupts the function of the TRESK potassium channel, leading to reduced potassium current and altered protein properties, which contributes to neuropathic pain.
2604h agoThe calcium-dependent chloride current in cone photoreceptors acts as a positive feedback loop that enhances detection of slow motion by sustaining the photovoltage response.
2604h agoDisruptions in the activity dynamics of the caudate and putamen explain many of the changes in functional connectivity that occur during Huntington's disease progression.
2608h agoSuppressing T-type Ca2+ channels in nociceptive neurons with virus-mediated delivery of small hairpin RNAs alleviates painful symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy.
2608h agoThe cerebellum plays a role in processing vocal emotions by optimizing sensory representations of prosodic cues for evaluation, and damage to it leads to deficits in vocal emotion recognition, especially when attention is focused on the emotion.
2608h agoDrowsiness shifts spatial attention from a bilaterally integrated network to a left-lateralised state by changing the connections between brain areas, supporting the dual-network model of spatial attention.
2608h agoTDP-43 protein dysfunction leads to DNA damage in neurons, disrupting normal activity, and mutations in TDP-43 worsen this damage by impairing an enzyme that helps prevent DNA breaks.
2608h agoQuantum-mechanical modeling of material properties is efficiently done by mapping the problem onto neuromorphic device architectures.
2612h agoPatients with Major Depressive Disorder can be divided into two subtypes with distinct brain anatomy and clinical characteristics, showing different responses to treatment.
2612h agoGene therapy using a specially designed promoter called cmGAD67 restores balance to brain activity and reduces seizures in epilepsy models by increasing production of the neurotransmitter GABA in inhibitory neurons.
2612h agoStressful experiences create a long-lasting memory that combines medium-term and long-term memory, which depends on the number of training cycles and requires specific brain cells and proteins to form.
2612h agoStable structural factors, derived from brain morphometry, are more closely linked to core behavioral traits in Autism Spectrum Disorder than functional connectivity factors.
2612h agoSchizophrenia is associated with more irregular brain network patterns, reduced adaptability, and aberrant connectivity, which correlates with cognitive impairment.
2612h agoNon-human primates use inverted pendulum dynamics to transition from quadrupedal to bipedal locomotion by controlling the forward step length of one hindlimb.
2612h agoThe brain has a separate network for processing meaning from language and pictures, which is distinct from the language network and other cognitive networks.
2612h agoA sub-population of border ownership neurons signals figure side along equiluminant borders, defined purely by color contrast, and plays a crucial role in transforming equiluminant edge signals into object-centered shape representations.
2612h agoThe NSG family members interact with proteins involved in neuronal protein trafficking, including glutamatergic synapses, endosomal trafficking, and presynaptic machinery, and form complexes with each other and with core receptor subunits.
2612h agoPrefrontal NMDAR signaling is necessary for effective value updating and feedback-driven learning, and its loss disrupts reward-history integration and leads to disturbances in decision-making similar to those seen in schizophrenia.
2616h agoPupil dilation reflects content held in working memory, and adapts to changing behavioral goals and the way memory content will be used.
2616h agoTau and amyloid-beta pathology together drive memory decline in mice with a model of Alzheimer's disease, with tau accumulation contributing to progressive cognitive decline.
2616h agoCHI3L1 inhibitor Z17 reduces neuroinflammation and restores astrocytic function, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for Alzheimer's disease.
2616h agoThe brain generates stable object concepts through a network of areas, including the anterior inferior temporal cortex, temporal pole, and frontal cortex, which process and connect features like color and shape.
2616h agoReducing external calcium or magnesium concentrations increases intrinsic excitability and hyperpolarizes the action potential threshold of CA1 pyramidal neurons through the calcium-sensing receptor and modulation of Kv1 and Nav1.2 channels.
2616h agoThe inferior olive's input to the cerebellum, specifically twitch-related corollary discharge, is necessary for the emergence of a functioning cerebellar internal model during development.
2616h agoThe combination of HIV infection and methamphetamine use causes neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, and cognitive dysfunction through mechanisms that involve microglial activation and decreased TREM2 function.
2616h agoDiffusion MRI and magnetization transfer metrics provide complementary insights into tissue microstructure, with ihMTR correlating with axonal water fraction and myelination in white matter, and with exchange time in gray matter, while MPF correlates with cell-process fraction in gray matter.
2616h agoOxytocin increases the excitability of dentate gyrus granule cells and enhances the release of glutamate from perforant path synapses, which regulates the flow of information into the hippocampus.
2616h agoPhysical fatigue increases the subjective cost of effort, with compensatory neuromuscular activation playing a key role in this process, leading to altered decisions to exert effort in response to fatiguing exertions.
2616h agoChronic semaglutide administration increases motivation for food reward under restricted access conditions, but reduces overall food consumption when food is freely available.
2616h agoHigher glucose levels are associated with lower stress, and changes in glucose levels can affect stress levels in healthy individuals.
2620h agoThe visual system's ability to separate overlapping objects' motion depends on the size of neurons' receptive fields in the V1 area, which determines whether motion components are integrated or segregated.
2620h agoA new sensor-space basis dictionary that incorporates cortical geometry provides a more efficient and interpretable representation of EEG data, explaining more variance with fewer modes than traditional methods.
2620h agoPARIS contributes to Alzheimer's disease by elevating STAT3 activity, which induces tau pathology, hippocampal atrophy, and glial activation.
2620h agoFour functional subtypes of pyramidal neurons with distinct morphology and synaptic interactions exist in the human cortex, following conserved microcircuit principles.
2624h agoNeural circuit models have symmetrical synaptic connections that match the variables being processed, and a new graph embedding algorithm identifies these symmetries in brain circuits.
2624h agoThe analysis of a top foundation model of neural activity reveals that its different processing stages exhibit distinct representational structures, with the recurrent module enhancing temporal stimulus pattern separation and the readout module achieving biological fidelity through specialized feature maps.
2628h agoA discretized Wilson-Cowan Amari neural field model, combined with a data assimilation method, can characterize neural activity in a mouse's cortex during natural sleep and infer the stimulus received from other brain regions.
2628h agoThe paper proposes an analogy between ranked word frequencies in texts and Bose-Einstein statistics, but mixes physical claims with definitions and curve-fitting choices, raising concerns about normalization, identification of rank with energy, and baseline comparison.
2628h agoNeurons can have many distinct states and use internal computations to change their state, allowing them to selectively deactivate synapses and create a dynamic neural network.
2628h agoInsufficient sleep in adolescents is linked to glymphatic dysfunction, which partially explains its adverse effects on brain structure, cognition, and mental health.
2628h agoDisordered connectivity in neural networks shapes their nonlinear dynamics and fluctuations, and can even stabilize the asynchronous state.
2628h agoNeural networks encode information in two spaces, feature identity and feature integration, which can be captured by a new joint-training architecture, leading to improved reconstruction and reduced errors.
2628h agoTwo models, the "surface wave" and "axoplasmic pressure wave" models, describe the same mechanical process accompanying action potential propagation, involving elastic components of the axon and kinetic energy carried by axoplasmic fluid.
2628h agoNonreciprocity makes waves propagating in one direction stable, while making their mirror-image counterparts unstable.
2628h agoCellular automata are divided into equivalence classes by symmetry transformations, and the number of these classes is analysed for irreducible binary local rules and global maps.
2628h agoThe generalized Lotka-Volterra model of four coupled elements shows that heteroclinic networks exist in its phase space, and these networks are organized into specific sets based on the model's coupling parameters.
2628h agoTranscript-based estimators can characterize the strength, direction, and complexity of interactions between time series of interacting systems, providing insights into spatial-temporal interactions in the human brain.
2628h agoTemperature affects nearly all biological rates, and different mechanisms explain these effects through various models that connect molecular processes to physiological temperature responses.
2628h agoBacterial growth rates and phage adsorption rates determine three possible outcomes for bacteria and phages living together: phage extinction, stable coexistence, or oscillation-induced extinction.
2628h agoCompressibility of fluid flows causes large deviations in strain rate that strongly stretch and break particles, particularly stiff ones, by giving rise to a power-law distribution of extensions.
2628h agoThe Dubrovin dual of a Hurwitz Frobenius manifold extends naturally to an F-manifold with compatible flat connection on the universal curve.
2628h agoKinks connecting zero and nonzero equilibria in the NLS equation are orbitally stable in the time evolution of the NLS equation.
2628h agoThe geometric approach classifies non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems that are quartic in the dependent variables by their local behaviour at movable singularities, characterising them by their initial base points and Newton polygons.
2628h agoClassical continuous automorphisms of the torus have analytical formulae for Koopman modes and their decompositions associated with the partition of the torus into ergodic components.
2628h agoThe Hebbian Physics Network (HPN) framework uses a plastic transport geometry and local adaptation to organize physical transport processes, ensuring thermodynamic stability and conservation.
2628h agoThe diffusion coefficient in a time-dependent oval-shaped billiard initially remains constant but then decays, suppressing unlimited growth of velocity, and this behavior follows scaling laws with critical exponents.
2628h agoFinite-dimensional systems describing invariant solutions of partial differential equations inherit local Hamiltonian operators through invariant reduction, which endows the reduced systems with Poisson bivectors that relate constants of motion to symmetries.
2628h agoA frustration parameter introduced into the Vicsek-Kuramoto model leads to a transition from synchronized states to a resting hexagonal lattice with spatiotemporal patterns when the frustration exceeds a critical point.
2628h agoCurved neural networks implement a self-regulating annealing process that accelerates memory retrieval and exhibit explosive order-disorder phase transitions, enhancing memory capacity and robustness over classical networks.
2628h agoThe quantum sinh-Gordon model on multi-sheeted Riemann surfaces uses composite branch-point twist operators to help compute entanglement entropies, and this work develops a technique for computing form factors of these operators in the semiclassical approximation.
2628h agoAgent-Based-Model informed Neural Networks (ABM-NNs) leverage restricted graph neural networks and hierarchical decomposition to learn interpretable, structure-preserving dynamics consistent with the principles of agent-based models.
2628h agoA proximity effect in a tunnel junction between a superconductor and a ferromagnetic layer causes a second-order phase transition between uniform and non-uniform magnetic states.
2628h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) can identify key rheological parameters of granular materials and reconstruct pressure fields using data from a simple experiment called the granular column collapse.
2628h agoA novel renormalization group method reveals that a new order parameter emerges in spin glass models, describing how spin configurations change across different length scales.
2628h agoDisorder stabilizes Wigner crystals to higher temperatures and densities by suppressing gapless excitations, and causes the melting transition in two dimensions to occur through spatial coexistence of solid-like and liquid-like regions.
2628h agoCurved neural networks implement a self-regulating annealing process that accelerates memory retrieval and exhibit explosive order-disorder phase transitions, enhancing memory capacity and robustness over classical networks.
2628h agoA three-dimensional vectorial extension of the Hopfield associative-memory model produces memories with superior storage and retrieval performance, especially with high connectivity.
2628h agoFeynman diagrams help compute free energy in systems with many interacting stochastic parts, enabling new insights into problems such as high-dimensional statistics and complex networks.
2628h agoFinding near-ground states of certain disordered quantum systems is impossible for most quantum algorithms because of a link between quantum learning theory and algorithmic hardness.
2628h agoThe low-temperature dynamics of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model have a mixing time that grows exponentially with the system size.
2628h agoType II spiral ganglion neurons have distinct biophysical features, including an inactivating potassium current and weaker sodium currents, that set them apart from type I neurons and suggest they play a role in detecting cochlear damage or modulating efferent feedback.
2628h agoCognitively resilient rats with Alzheimer's disease-like pathology have distinct neuronal patterns, including fewer but more stable neurons, that are linked to maintained cognition, independent of amyloid and tau levels.
2628h agoThe NIH BRAIN Initiative Cell Atlas Network uses a digital twin platform to manage and integrate data from human brain tissue across 11 laboratories, enabling the generation of a reference brain cell atlas.
2628h agoThe human claustrum's structure can be reliably mapped in a living brain using high-resolution MRI, especially its core and major connections.
2628h agoDifferences in brain activity, particularly in the central gray area, predict behavioral responses to stressors and characterize an individual's stress coping style.
2628h agoVCAP-102 consistently mediates stronger and more widespread whole-brain transduction than AAV9, and is a highly promising candidate for future systemically delivered AAV-based gene therapies.
2628h agoA specific subpopulation of neurons in the hypothalamic anterior preoptic area is necessary and sufficient for inducing deep torpor, a state of profound hypometabolism and hypothermia, in hibernating Syrian hamsters.
2632h agoSynuclein aggregates form in dopaminergic neurons and cause their degeneration, and then spread to connected brain regions.
2632h agoNeurexins regulate the survival and formation of inhibitory synapses of midbrain dopamine neurons, but not their basic development or axonal terminal structure.
2636h agoMyelin sheaths are remodeled through a process where microglia and astrocytes extract myelinoid bodies connected to the sheaths by long tethers, preserving sheath integrity.
2636h agoA novel drug that activates a specific receptor for the neuropeptide PACAP prevents long-term mood and motivational problems caused by mild traumatic brain injury by restoring normal brain activity and signaling.
2636h agoA protein called CD44 on astrocytes interacts with another protein called osteopontin on microglia to promote changes that contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathology.
2636h agoOlder adults' brains can be grouped into distinct profiles that show different patterns of cognitive and emotional aging, with some profiles showing improved emotional wellbeing despite declining cognition.
2636h agoThe dentate gyrus helps to convert overlapping experiences into separate memory traces by enhancing the discrimination of similar inputs through rate-based modulation in the CA3 region.
2636h agoStructural connectivity imposes a robust yet regionally variable constraint on functional connectivity in the mouse cortex, with strong coupling in primary sensorimotor areas and weaker coupling in association areas.
2636h agoThe acquisition delay in a type of brain imaging called 1H-FID-MRSI causes errors in metabolite estimates, but a reconstruction method called Backward-Linear-Prediction can reduce these errors and make estimates more consistent across different imaging acquisitions.
2636h agoThe study used a new imaging technique to measure glucose metabolism in rat brains, finding that the oxidative flux rates were 0.27 mol/g/min in the hippocampus and 0.40 mol/g/min in the striatum.
2636h agoChanges in dynamic functional connectivity of the brain are strongly linked to behavioral and cognitive functions, and a new model called BRAINMAP can accurately diagnose Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by identifying robust biomarkers.
2636h agoLRRK2 mutations cause changes in protein and phospho-protein levels in skin fibroblasts, affecting mitochondrial energy, ribosomal protein synthesis, and the mTOR pathway.
2636h agoThe medial thalamus contains distinct groups of pain-sensing neurons that are activated by acute and chronic pain, and these neurons receive inputs from multiple brain regions and express opioid receptors.
2636h agoTau protein redistribution to the soma enables interactions with the nucleus, changing chromatin organization and gene expression, leading to upregulation of stress response pathways and downregulation of cholesterol metabolic genes.
2636h agoElectroconvulsive therapy promotes robust and sustained motor recovery in a Parkinson's disease mouse model by inducing dopaminergic axonal sprouting, restoring striatal circuitry, and enhancing mitochondrial energy production.
2636h agoA new search algorithm helps uncover known and novel molecular variants from mass spectrometry data, enabling insights into natural product biosynthesis.
2640h agoAUTOENCODIX benchmarks diverse autoencoder architectures in biological molecular profiling data, enabling insights from complex, multi-layered data.
2640h agoSciSciGPT is an open-source AI collaborator that automates workflows, supports diverse analytical approaches, and enhances reproducibility in the science of science domain.
2640h agoAUTOENCODIX, an open-source framework, enables a reproducible comparison of different types of autoencoders.
2640h agoA new model shows that loss of limb control, unclear sensory input, residual pain, and preamputation pain may contribute to the emergence and persistence of phantom limb pain.
2640h agoThe brain's master clock controls the priority between competing social instincts through a circuit that links the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the medial prefrontal cortex, allowing social behaviors to align with the body's reproductive system.
2640h agoWhite-matter BOLD signals in the brain mediate the connections between gray-matter areas, and their changing patterns closely track fluctuations in how these areas interact with each other.
2640h agoDopamine neurons are activated by behaviors such as sniffing and exploration, not by novelty itself, and their activity is controlled by input from the mediodorsal pons.
2640h agoEarly life sleep is positively associated with longevity, and restoring sleep early in life increases longevity, in flies.
2640h agoNeuronal APOE4 expression causes damaging lipid accumulation in brain cells, which leads to neurodegeneration through interactions between neurons, oligodendrocytes, and microglia.
2640h agoMosaic DEPDC5 loss-of-function leads to early death, reduced body and head size, seizure-like behavior, and neuronal hyperexcitability in a zebrafish model.
2640h agoThe nervous system controls extracellular field potential changes in response to sensory input, which in turn alter neural firing patterns and behavioral responses.
2640h agoDeleting or silencing the enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase in astrocytes reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms and pathology in mice by preserving synaptic structure and function, and reducing neuroinflammation and Aβ pathology.
2640h agoNKCC1 controls KCC2 membrane stability through a dynamic balance of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, and this regulatory mechanism can be targeted with peptides to restore chloride homeostasis in epilepsy.
2640h agoExcitatory shaft synapses have a similar molecular composition to dendritic spine synapses, but with lower levels of certain scaffold proteins, and they actively participate in synaptic transmission with activity-dependent modulation.
2640h agoEngineered proximity labeling enzyme TurboID tags proteins at the neuronal membrane, allowing detection of changes in protein expression and localization in awake behaving animals within short timeframes.
2640h agoSocial isolation causes sex-specific changes in behavior and gene expression in brain, with females showing increased sugar consumption through a gene called takeout, which has opposite effects in males and females.
2640h agoEpilepsy is linked with cognitive decline, psychiatric disorders, and repetitive behaviors, and machine learning analysis reveals that epileptic mice develop fragile and dispersed behavioral networks.
2640h agoGhrelin boosts motivation for food and small rewards by enhancing connections between the hypothalamus and the striatum and increasing dopamine release.
2640h agoThe ALL-GCL dataset provides recordings of light-evoked responses from over 80,000 cells in the mouse retina, along with metadata and cell-type-specific information, offering a comprehensive reference for studying retinal computation.
2640h agoGene supplementation with the wild-type Eif2b5 gene in astrocytes improves motor skills and central nervous system pathology in mice with Vanishing White Matter disease.
2640h agoThe synaptic transcriptome, which is the collection of mRNAs at synapses, shows diversity across different brain regions and neuron types, with specific mRNAs enriched at synapses and actively trafficked and sorted to maintain protein copy number.
2640h agoSPLASH, a new framework for analyzing brain activity, delivers more accurate and reliable results than existing methods by adapting to the brain's organization and providing better control over false discoveries.
2640h agoThe medial temporal lobe atlas (MTL200) provides a surface-based map of the boundaries of key memory-related regions, including the temporopolar, entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortex.
2640h agoIncreasing the number of faces to identify disrupts people's ability to accurately read expressions on dynamic faces, but not on static faces.
2640h agoThe brain's neural systems generate behaviors that can be comprehensively profiled through animal pose analysis, but a common tracking standard is needed to compare measurements across labs.
2640h agoEpitranscriptomic profiling across human brain regions and developmental stages reveals region-specific and age-specific dynamics, enrichment in disease-associated genes, and colocalization with disease risk loci.
2648h agoPsychedelic states induced by DMT and harmine lead to a reorganization of brain activity characterized by accelerated neural dynamics, increased state transitions, and a more structured sequence of neural states.
2648h agoOlder adults' tendency to rely on context leads to false seeing, where they report expected objects based on context rather than what is actually present, due to age-related declines in visual perception.
2648h agoA new approach using a laminar neural probe and a self-supervised learning model constructs an interpretable 2-D map of brain states from neural recordings, separating states of consciousness, such as awake and anesthetized, in rats, pigs, and humans.
2648h agoEpigenetic changes in the hippocampus, particularly dysregulation of histone tail post-translational modifications, are associated with age-related cognitive decline.
2648h agoLow-amplitude spikes provide similar levels of information as high-amplitude spikes when considering prior information from past spiking, despite providing less information when considered alone.
2652h agoThe human visual system's cortical magnification factor shows non-uniform spatial resolution across the visual field, and a new pipeline accurately quantifies this factor from retinotopic maps, revealing new patterns and individual differences.
2652h agoA new framework called Multi-Path Aggregation (MPA) accurately predicts individual neurons' responses and spatial functional properties in the brains of flies during complex visual tasks.
2652h agoMemory-Amortized Inference (MAI) unifies learning and memory as phase transitions of a single geometric substrate, allowing for more efficient cognition by converting complex search into simple lookup.
2652h agoThe Neural Koopman Machine (NKM) forecasts cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease by integrating multimodal data, outperforming traditional machine learning methods and deep learning models.
2652h agoMemory is stored as statistics that are repeatedly summarized and compressed to make room for new input, allowing us to accommodate unbounded sensory input within bounded memory.
2652h agoProlonged alcohol use leads to changes in brain connectivity patterns that are linked to alcohol use disorder characteristics, including drinking habits, family history, and urgency.
2652h agoThe Asynchronous Bioplausible Neuron (ABN) mechanism helps Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) to efficiently process visual data by auto-adjusting to changes in the input signal, leading to better image classification and segmentation, neural equilibrium, and energy efficiency.
2652h agoHuman intelligence is creating new artificial forms of intelligence and guiding their development, leading to a close interplay between human and artificial intelligence that is changing both.
2652h agoQuasi-static analog deep neural networks can infer with nearly zero energy cost, but training requires energy proportional to the number of parameters and dataset size.
2652h agoImagination networks in humans share a similar structural organization across different populations, but differ fundamentally from those generated by large language models.
2652h agoCirculance measures the regularity or irregularity of time series data and positions it on a spectrum from regularity to randomness.
2652h agoThe anisotropy of one-dimensional wave equations limits their physical completeness, but they can be made isotropic through a temporal and spatial extension, which is done for the Burgers and Korteweg-de Vries equations.
2652h agoA new two-dimensional lattice model with anisotropic Hubbard interactions is constructed that is strictly solvable and integrable, with exact eigenvalues and a local Hamiltonian that features anisotropic hopping and orbital-coupling contributions.
2652h agoNondegenerate dark-bright-bright solitons in a three-component Manakov model have four distinct branches with different density profiles and phase distributions.
2652h agoMultidimensional multiplicative Poisson vertex algebra is introduced as a generalization of multiplicative Poisson vertex algebra to a difference algebra with commuting shifts.
2652h agoA system's agency comes from its intrinsic dynamics, which form a self-referential loop that allows it to autonomously regulate its internal states and generate goals.
2652h agoThe study finds new exact solutions to two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equations, expressed in quadratures or elementary functions, using methods of generalized and functional separation of variables.
2652h agoDelay plays a key role in the emergence or disappearance of deterministic chaos in the Miles-Krasnopolskaya system, and changes in delay can lead to changes in the types of attractors.
2652h agoA mathematical framework solves a type of inverse problem by using a pseudoinverse operator or reconstructing kernel Hilbert spaces with radial basis functions to determine dwell times from measurement data.
2652h agoDeformations of a genus one Riemann surface that preserve the periods of a second-order Abelian differential are governed by a second-order ordinary differential equation with rational coefficients.
2652h agoHyperelliptic curves can be deformed in a way that keeps certain periods of a meromorphic differential constant, with the deformations defined by functions with rational coefficients.
2652h agoConflict-averse centrism can unintentionally help authoritarianism succeed in polarized political conflicts by creating a stable coalition that excludes democratic resistance.
2652h agoAn experiment at a laser facility in Spain studied radioisotope production using the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration method and found that solitons drive the plasma toward charge neutrality.
2652h agoFractal and multifractal analysis of brain tissues reveals notable structural alterations associated with Parkinson's disease, offering potential for quantitative staging and diagnostic applications.
2652h agoThin sheets can spontaneously crumple from a flat state driven by surface energy when gently compressed while weakly adhered to a substrate.
2652h agoStatistical mechanics can derive macroscopic properties from microscopic motion by uncovering a common probabilistic structure, called concentration of measure, in Hamiltonian dynamics of isolated systems.
2652h agoSymmetry and exact coherent structures organize spontaneous flow reversals in a 2D active nematic confined to a periodic channel through a low-dimensional network of invariant solutions and their manifolds.
2652h agoA new multiparametric framework combining fractal and multifractal analysis can detect microstructural alterations in brain tissue affected by Alzheimer's disease, providing a promising foundation for early diagnosis.
2652h agoDust particles with inertia in compressible turbulence form extreme density inhomogeneities and cluster through shock trapping, but as inertia increases, they transition to quasi-ballistic dynamics, reducing density fluctuations.
2652h agoThe Markov length diverges at the critical point of the Domany-Kinzel model, and local reversibility is preserved within the active phase.
2652h agoPeriodic modulation of waveguide arrays with disclination leads to the appearance of Floquet modes bound to the disclination core, which can remain localized below a critical power threshold.
2652h agoMaximising social welfare requires a different incentive approach than minimising cost or promoting cooperation frequency in autonomous agents.
2652h agoThe modified affine Toda model provides a consistent framework for fermion-soliton interactions, where the fermion-soliton energy is proportional to the soliton's topological charge.
2652h agoBinary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates can be described by a single nonlinear equation that captures their dynamics.
2652h agoFront propagation into unstable states acts as a selection mechanism in complex systems, with progress reviewed on related questions and open problems identified.
2652h agoA new methodology uses entropy and clustering to identify systems likely to experience chaotic itinerancy and finds quasi-stable states and chaotic transitions in these systems.
2652h agoChaotic models can produce reliable and error-free time series, with unlimited predictability horizon, using analytic computation.
2652h agoSpace resonances, where wave packets share the same group velocity and remain co-located, govern long-lived interactions and explain observed features in weakly nonlinear dispersive wave systems.
2652h agoHamiltonian systems that satisfy the Lagrange identity have additional tensor invariants beyond the basic ones existing for all Hamiltonian systems.
2652h agoStochasticity slows down the rotation of spiral waves in excitable media through two second-order effects: instantaneous heterogeneity and orbital drift.
2652h agoTau functions of the KP hierarchy satisfy an addition formula that expresses shifts of a tau function in terms of Wronskian determinants of wave functions.
2652h agoOptimal green-time allocation balances lane-level vehicle densities through a developed two-lane traffic flow model and a distributed model predictive control framework.
2652h agoInvariant tori in coupled phase oscillator networks deform under forced symmetry breaking and can give rise to new stable synchrony patterns that form building blocks of larger global structures.
2652h agoBogoliubov waves in Bose-Einstein Condensates interact nonlinearly and trigger turbulent cascades, and a new Kolmogorov-like stationary spectrum for short Bogoliubov waves is derived.
2652h agoThe Bennett profile's nonlinearity can be transferred to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a flowing Z-pinch equilibrium with a vortical flow that meets the validity criterion for shear-flow stabilization under certain temperature profile constraints.
2652h agoThe two-photon Dicke model exhibits a phase transition from a normal to a superradiant phase and displays spectral collapse.
2652h agoBidirectional nonlinear optical tomography (BNOT) method breaks the degeneracy of input and output coupling efficiencies, allowing for accurate estimation of individual interface efficiencies and unbiased characterization of on-chip nonlinear performance.
2652h agoA one-dimensional quantum droplet exhibits a transition to Anderson localization above a certain critical disorder strength, showing anomalous diffusions ranging from superdiffusion to subdiffusion.
2652h agoThe connection between artificial neural networks and spin-glass physics reveals shared structures that bridge statistical physics and machine learning.
2652h agoA new technique using a Fiber Bragg Grating sensor measures particle velocities in dense granular gases by detecting strain pulses from particle collisions, allowing for the extraction of velocity distributions.
2652h agoThe edge-aware graph attention model accurately predicts relaxed atomic structures of high-entropy systems, such as chemically complex materials, by integrating chemical and geometric information with a multi-head self-attention mechanism.
2652h agoNon-Hermitian photonics reveals jumps between distant lattice regions in disordered optical lattices, and complex spectrum-induced Anderson jumps in two dimensions.
2652h agoDisorder increases the interaction between exciton-polaritons in a semiconductor quantum well embedded in a microcavity.
2652h agoNeural networks have connected low-loss paths between basins of attraction, but optimization dynamics stay in one convex basin because entropic barriers created by curvature and noise block exploration of intermediate points.
2652h agoA single-band tight-binding Hamiltonian on a self-similar corral substrate generates non-diffusive localized modes with a hierarchical distribution.
2652h agoThe jamming behavior of two-dimensional porous aggregates made of cohesive disks depends on their initial structure, with a clear jamming transition occurring at a critical packing fraction that varies with the aggregate morphology.
2652h agoA neural network correctly identifies the critical temperatures of 2D antiferromagnetic Potts models with 2 to 6 states, and suggests that the 3-state model is critical only at zero temperature and the 4, 5, and 6-state models remain disordered at all temperatures.
2652h agoDisorder in a one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger waveguide lattice can be engineered to create multiple topological Anderson insulator phases with precisely controlled number and width.
2652h agoSpatial extensions of many-species population dynamics models exhibit scale-free correlation functions of population sizes when there are an infinite number of species.
2652h agoDressed fermions in a triplet superconductor exist in two types: a stable coherent state with slow decay in dilute disorder, and an incoherent state with fast decay and increased decoherence in enriched disorder.
2652h agoConvolutional neural networks efficiently analyze phase states in spin system models, reducing errors and capturing complex correlations between thermodynamic characteristics and magnetic system structures.
2652h agoNon-Hermitian systems exhibit exotic wave-packet dynamics, including a group velocity governed by both real and imaginary parts of the band structure, self-induced Bloch oscillations, disorder-free jumps, and temporal Goos--H\"{a}nchen shifts at the edge.
2652h agoA repulsive Coulomb impurity can pin a quasihole and stabilize a fractional quantum Hall state, but a quasihole can be thermally ionized from the impurity at finite temperatures.
2652h agoA variational Monte Carlo framework using Kolmogorov-Arnold networks constructs universal neural-network wavefunction ansätze for trapped one-dimensional mixtures of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ fermions, achieving arbitrary accuracy limited by Monte Carlo sampling.
2652h agoProbabilistic Approximate Optimization Algorithm (PAOA) enables fast sampling on Ising machines and probabilistic computers by iteratively modifying network couplings guided by cost evaluations.
2652h agoOscillatory Neural Networks solve Sudoku puzzles by encoding the problem through a graph-embedding and using natural dynamics of coupled oscillators to find a solution.
2652h agoA versatile approach combining disorder and a static electric field allows for manipulation of skin-mode localization in two-dimensional non-Hermitian lattices.
2652h agoRestricted Boltzmann Machines can efficiently handle highly structured datasets when trained with a pre-training phase and a novel sampling strategy called Parallel Trajectory Tempering.
2652h agoMelting from a solid to a liquid in two dimensions proceeds through a hexatic phase with both continuous and discontinuous transitions.
2652h agoIlluminating 2D materials with polarized light can drive quantum phase transitions, and an experiment using a quantum gas in a driven quasiperiodic optical lattice observes an interlaced phase diagram of localization-delocalization phase transitions.
2652h agoPrior knowledge helps shape visual perception in both younger and older adults, and this ability remains robust in older adulthood despite age-related sensory decline.
2652h agoA novel automated computational framework analyzes dendritic spines in dense dendritic networks, capturing subtle variations in spine shapes and offering a nuanced understanding of their roles in synaptic function.
2652h agoThe integration of microscale ion-channel dynamics and macroscale network behavior in a mouse brain model reveals that calcium, sodium, and potassium parameters shape global dynamic regimes and that the response to external stimuli is highly sensitive to calcium concentrations.
2656h agoGraph neural networks help optimize complex upconverting nanoparticle heterostructures by revealing photophysical design rules through gradient-based optimization.
2664h agoSleep disturbance and repetitive sensorimotor behaviours are strongly linked in people with autism, and sleep problems make these behaviours worse in autistic people more than in others.
2664h agoDifferent pathogens trigger distinct sickness states by engaging different cell types and brain circuits, leading to unique changes in behavior, physiology, and brain activity.
2664h agoA new analysis pipeline reliably detects planar waves in EEG recordings by extracting genuine oscillatory activity, fitting a spherical wave model, and identifying stable waves.
2664h agoInhibitory neurons can excite their neighbors electrically while inhibiting their downstream targets chemically, and they coordinate their spike timing to produce a specific pattern that enhances their inhibitory effect on their target cells.
2664h agoMultiple sclerosis causes changes in the properties of peripheral autonomic neurons, leading to altered bladder function and potentially contributing to neurogenic bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction.
2664h agoMales and females with a model of schizophrenia reach similar prefrontal inhibitory deficits through different molecular pathways.
2664h agoHabituation to irrelevant stimuli develops early in infancy and changes with age, with older infants in their first year of life habituating more rapidly to auditory stimuli.
2664h agoThe striatum directly controls specific ongoing movements by encoding the preparation and execution of actions through specific ensembles of medium spiny neurons.
2664h agoN-acetyl cysteine (NAC) improves cognitive performance and restores growth and connectivity of cortical projection neurons by activating antioxidant defense and neuronal growth genes, rather than restoring normal cell states or gene expression.
2664h agoAndrogen signaling shapes the human brain development by changing transcription, cell populations, and epigenetic landscapes in a genetic background-dependent manner.
2664h agoA multimodal large language model effectively predicts brain responses to movie stimuli, especially in temporal, medial parietal, and lateral frontal areas, and links brain activity to cognitive performance.
2664h agoHigh-density diffuse optical tomography can recover detailed semantic representations from naturalistic movies, mapping how the brain represents meaning in real-world contexts.
2664h agoCerebral arterial stiffening partially explains the effect of age on frontal grey matter volume decline, especially in females.
2664h agoSocially-laden stimuli slightly modulate brain excitation and inhibition in adults, and people with better social function tend to have higher levels of a certain brain chemical called glutamate when at rest.
2664h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound has a location-specific subthreshold modulatory effect on the brain, and when combined with transcranial direct current stimulation, it can evoke cortical target-location specific activity.
2664h agoTaking a placebo described as an antipsychotic improves cognition by changing self-representations, enhancing arousal and attention, and weakening the binding of experience to reality.
2664h agoInfants as young as 8 months old can connect touch and sight to focus their attention, but 5-month-old infants do not have this ability.
2668h agoPeople with multiple sclerosis have altered excitation and inhibition balance in the visuomotor network, which disrupts normal brain function and contributes to disease progression.
2668h agoSpreading depolarizations can promote seizure-like events by causing a wave of neuronal excitation that reaches the epileptic focus, and then suppress epileptic activity when they spread through the focus.
2668h agoThe brain's left and right hemispheres have different functional connections, and a new metric called Pattern Dissimilarity of Hemispheric Functional Connectivity (PDHC) measures this asymmetry in a way that captures its complex patterns.
2668h agoInfant microbiome composition and behavioral responses to maternal unpredictability help explain variation in human behavioral development, with infant visual orienting behaviour linked to gut microbial profiles and neuroactive gene synthesis.
2668h agoA spiking neural network model of the ascending tactile pathway efficiently encodes and transforms tactile information from skin receptors to cortical neurons, enabling robust neural representations and real-time processing.
2668h agoA fully implantable wireless optogenetic device delivers targeted stimulation to the brain and generates artificial perception in mice.
2672h agoReproducible cortical firing patterns arise from hierarchical modular networks shaped by distance-dependent connectivity, not attractor dynamics, suggesting the cortex is prewired for scaffold coordination and learning.
2672h agoEnergy-based models can be extended to asymmetric neural systems, revealing a game-theoretic structure where each neuron seeks to minimize its own energy.
2676h agoA new framework called SSDLabeler generates realistic, annotated semi-synthetic EEG data that improves the accuracy of artifact classification across diverse conditions.
2676h agoMusical attention can be decoded using a lightweight EEG device, enabling the tracking of listeners' attention and perceptual focus during natural music listening experiences.
2676h agoA few million words are enough for children to learn language, and brain activity shows that linguistic features are represented across the cortex, evolving with age as faster phonetic features appear early and slower word-level representations develop later.
2676h agoA curvature-based geometric formulation of the Euler-Poisson equations reveals a pure-precession regime with constant tilt angle and uniform precession for specific inertia ratios.
2676h agoThe classical limit of a nonlinear semiclassical hybrid system is characterized by a pure density matrix representing a single state that reproduces classical dynamics.
2676h agoSub-Riemannian structures with $n$ parameters can be constructed on compact Lie groups, and their normal geodesic lines can be described on these groups and on homogeneous spaces.
2676h agoIncreasing stratification in turbulent flows leads to a reduction in chaotic dynamics, causing uncertainty to grow more slowly along the stratification direction than horizontally.
2676h agoA bimodal light field envelope in a medium with competing nonlinearities forms dynamically stable stationary states with two distinct flat-top regions, representing half-vortices with different intensities and topological charges.
2676h agoA new framework, called Agent-Based-Model informed Neural Networks (ABM-NNs), helps design neural networks that follow the underlying principles of complex systems, enabling more interpretable and structure-preserving dynamics.
2676h agoThe dynamics of inertial particles in turbulence follow a Markov process across the inertial range, enabling a coarse-grained description through a Fokker-Planck equation.
2676h agoCells differentiate into multiple types through three major processes - chaotic oscillations, channeled annealing, and rapid quenching - which achieve robustness to external perturbations by using different dynamics and gene regulation networks.
2676h agoThe introduction of gauged Lagrangian 1-forms extends Lagrangian 1-forms to gauge theories, yielding a multiform version of the 3d mixed BF action and providing a variational formulation of Hitchin's integrable system.
2676h agoA new training algorithm for binary neural networks enables these networks to achieve test accuracy improvements of up to 35.47% over existing solutions, while reducing computational cost and memory usage.
2676h agoBinary Error Propagation (BEP) enables end-to-end binary training for neural networks, including recurrent architectures, by propagating binary error signals through multiple layers using only bitwise operations.
2676h agoEnergy-based models can be extended to asymmetric neural systems, revealing a game-theoretic structure where each neuron seeks to minimize its own energy.
2676h agoA new equation of state accurately describes the behavior of hard sphere fluids across stable and metastable density ranges.
2676h agoA mean-field model predicts that glasses under oscillatory driving forces exhibit an oscillatory yielding transition, characterized by a change from absorbing to diffusive microscopic trajectories and large-scale hysteresis.
2676h agoA simple two-dimensional model of particles interacting through a double-well potential can produce complex patterns found in amorphous substances, including medium- or long-range order and local polycrystallinity.
2676h agoMachine learning models can learn physical concepts, but their interpretability is challenging; a hybrid tensor-neural network exactly expresses a real space topological invariant and its trainability and generalization are rigorously assessed.
2676h agoThe spleen contributes to neutrophil production after a stroke, and inhibiting the protein S100A8/A9 reduces inflammation and improves recovery.
2680h agoAAV2-retro virus injected into the inner ear successfully labels the lateral olivocochlear (LOC) pathway, but also causes off-target transfection in the brain and contralateral cochlea, with the extent of contralateral transfection depending on animal age and virus dosage.
2680h agoSerotonin has different effects on various types of neurons in the prefrontal cortex, suppressing excitation and facilitating inhibition through cell type-specific receptor mechanisms.
2704h agoThe mTORC1 pathway regulates learning-induced protein translation and cortical plasticity in layer 5b neurons, contributing to learning and memory.
2704h agoVagus nerve stimulation paired with extinction reshapes brain circuits to reduce drug seeking by decreasing some neural connections and increasing others.
2708h agoScouter, a lightweight AI method, predicts genome-wide transcriptional responses to single- and two-gene perturbations with higher accuracy than leading approaches.
2720h agoChemAHNet, a deep learning model, predicts stereoselectivity and absolute configurations in the asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins with two prochiral centers.
2720h agoMicroglial activation mediates the loss of astrocytic AQP4 polarization caused by beta-adrenergic receptor activation.
2728h agoFKBP51 regulates cellular stress responses and its deletion reduces seizure activity, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a mouse model of epilepsy.
2732h agoFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy and graph theory analysis reveal that high performing individuals have low functional connectivity strength and high efficiency in the prefrontal cortex, while low performing individuals have high modularity and low efficiency, during spoken word processing.
2732h agoFlavonoids (diosmine, hesperidin, and rutin) protect the brain and duodenum against inflammation and oxidative stress caused by 3-NPA, a compound that mimics Huntington's disease.
2732h agoA spatial transcriptomic atlas of the human basal ganglia reveals region-selective diversification of cell types, distinct molecular identities, and spatial localizations across ~7 million cells.
2732h agoGeneral anesthesia works by targeting specific brain cells and neural circuits distributed throughout the brain to produce immobility, discoordination, and anti-nociception.
2732h agoCLN7 disease causes region-dependent brain changes, including atrophy, hypometabolism, and neuroinflammation, in Japanese macaques, and these changes are similar to those found in humans with the disease.
2732h agoMucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA mice with the Arg245His mutation show spatial memory and learning deficits, accumulate brain heparan sulfate, and exhibit brain pathology, recapitulating key characteristics of the human disorder.
2732h agoLemborexant treatment reduces infarct volume and promotes recovery by stabilizing sleep in a rodent model of stroke.
2732h agoChanges in sustained attention modulate the occurrence and timing of hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, which are more frequent during high-attention periods but show increased endogenous coordination during low-attention periods.
2732h agoA database of over 1,000 biologically grounded neuron models is presented, enabling the development of artificial neural networks that mimic the diversity of real brain cells.
2732h agoLanguage comprehension relies on a network of brain areas that extract information from linguistic input, while a separate network responds to task demands to determine the appropriate response.
2732h agoVagal cardiac mechanoreceptors play a key role in maintaining blood circulation by compensating for decreased blood volume and heartbeat changes.
2732h agoCannabidiol decreases the excitability of certain neurons in the nucleus accumbens, a brain region involved in anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders.
2732h agoThe brain's memory structure reflects its underlying connectivity, with stronger memory effects present during wakefulness than deep sleep, indicating richer inter-regional dependencies and more integrated dynamics.
2732h agoHuman glial progenitor cells can be converted into neurons that survive for up to 10 months in mouse brains, mature structurally and functionally, and integrate into brain circuits.
2732h agoThe accumulation of autofluorescent ceroid lipofuscin in the brain causes Northern epilepsy, a disease characterized by progressive seizures, cognitive impairment, and motor decline.
2732h agoThe integrity of the locus coeruleus and its rate of degeneration predict tau deposition, attention changes, and memory decline in older adults with a risk of Alzheimer's disease.
2732h agoInternal selection in working memory is guided by a time-extended cortical process that resolves competition between goal-relevant and stimulus-driven information, rather than through rapid capture like external attention.
2732h agoHoney bees follow their own unique routes with high precision when flying between their hive and foraging locations, using visual information in different ways to navigate.
2736h agoThe insula communicates with the frontal cortex to promote attention, and this communication differs between males and females, with distinct patterns of brain activity associated with attention-guided behavior.
2736h agoTREK channels are expressed in intracardiac ganglion neurons and help control their excitability and cellular homeostasis.
2736h agoNLX-204 shows dose-dependent analgesic and anti-allodynic activity in two rat models of nociceptive/inflammatory pain.
2736h agoPhysiologic glucose and oxygen conditions impact the metabolic state and developmental progression of cortical cell types, with changes in nutrient accessibility affecting cell type-specific responses, fate, and metabolism.
2736h agoNerve injuries in early postnatal stages result in different outcomes than adult injuries because neuronal survival and regenerative capacity vary at different ages.
2736h agoAging leads to a decline in the oligodendrocyte lineage, marked by reduced NG2-glia population, cell cycle dysregulation, myelin debris accumulation, and selective loss of myelinating oligodendrocytes, particularly in highly myelinated regions.
2740h agoPthlh interneurons play a crucial role in cognitive processing by integrating local and long-range signals, and their inhibition impairs striatum-dependent cognitive functions and exploratory behavior.
2740h agoAcetylcholine plays a key role in shaping the brain's structure, particularly in the connection between the basal forebrain and other brain regions.
2740h agoHesitation, which is pausing in the face of uncertainty, is controlled by indirect pathway striatal neurons, not direct ones.
2744h agoReduced spontaneous activity in certain auditory nerve fibers leads to tinnitus-related hyperactivity in the brain.
2744h agoAI-generated images can help international students express their mental distress, with the effectiveness depending on the design of the prompts used to create the images.
2748h agoSpeech movements have a rhythmic organization, with a limit cycle structure underlying the motor activity of individual articulatory actions.
2748h agoTraining RNNs to reproduce behaviour, including errors and suboptimalities, allows for the automatic discovery of viable neural mechanisms that underpin cognition.
2748h agoAffordance processing in premotor regions drives action language understanding by engaging downstream parietal and temporal areas.
2748h agoInformation-theoretic measures reveal clear, stimulus-specific patterns in neural population dynamics that traditional variability metrics miss.
2748h agoA combinatorial neural code can be realized as a minor of a neural code arising from a representable oriented matroid, and researchers provide a complete characterization of covering relations within neural codes.
2748h agoRecurrent neural networks perform computations by dynamically warping their representations of task variables.
2748h agoA universal AI tutor remains elusive after decades of effort, but large language models may offer a solution.
2748h agoAssuming aliens with complex behavior are conscious is reasonable based on Copernican principles, but this assumption does not apply to robots designed to mimic conscious behavior, changing how we assess consciousness in aliens and robots.
2748h agoBrainPath, a new AI model, generates synthetic brain images that predict how an individual's brain will age, enabling personalized healthcare interventions.
2748h agoA common framework is created to map neuromodulation-based physiological closed-loop controllers, integrating FDA guidance, biomarker classification, and control systems theory to manage risk and guide device development.
2748h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
2748h agoThe mean-field formulation of a totalistic cellular automaton approximates the logistic equation only with an infinite-range neighborhood.
2748h agoBifurcation analysis of the FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillator driven by a sinusoidal source reveals a 2D regime map with varied oscillatory dynamics, including unstable oscillations and distinct families of subharmonic limit cycles and chaos.
2748h agoThe dynamics near period-doubling bifurcations in the dissipative relativistic kicked rotator produce a power-law decay with a critical exponent of -1/2 and exhibit universality with one-dimensional unimodal maps.
2748h agoA uniform high frequency drive applied to a weakly-coupled discrete nonlinear resonator array can modulate the onsite stiffness and damping, allowing for active control of the nonlinear response and phonon dispersion relation.
2748h agoA unified contact-geometric framework describes the transition from periodic waves to localised solitons in the two-dimensional Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation, revealing that conserved contact potential governs the emergence of ordered patterns in dissipative media.
2748h agoSwarmalators exhibit swarming and synchronization behavior due to interactions of their positions and phases of oscillation, and a pseudo-force acting on their positions leads to transitions from active to static states.
2748h agoThe logistic map's dynamics can be distinguished in different regimes by using Fisher information and Cramer-Rao complexity, which vary with the map's behavior, including a maximum in Fisher information in regular behavior and a maximum in CR complexity near the Pomeau-Maneville scenario.
2748h agoA new computational model called GateMod links task structure to neural circuit architecture, providing a unified framework for understanding how natural intelligence composes acquired skills to plan and execute behaviors.
2748h agoChaotic dynamics in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals produce gravitational wave signals with broader frequency spectra, enhanced amplitude, and energy emission rate, which can be used to distinguish them from non-chaotic signals.
2748h agoTurbulence of weakly interacting waves shows universality, but transitions from weak to strong turbulence change its behavior, with nonlocality enhancing nonlinearity and affecting the relationship between pumping level and turbulence level.
2748h agoThe study investigates the theory of R-brackets, Baxter brackets, and Nijenhuis brackets in the Banach setting and their relation to Banach Poisson-Lie groups.
2748h agoBrownian motion models are used to study social and economic processes by simulating collective decision-making among interacting agents with discrete choices.
2748h agoA framework for topological soliton dynamics in trapped spinor superfluids reveals that spin corrections can change the direction of the total force on a soliton, enabling new types of motion in harmonic and other traps.
2748h agoThe Bennett profile's plasma number density can be redefined by transferring nonlinearity to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a vortical flow that meets the validity criterion for a shear-flow stabilized Z-pinch under certain temperature profile constraints.
2748h agoMean-motion resonances and their connections enable natural semi-major axis transport in the Earth-Moon system through ballistic pathways that achieve major orbit changes within reasonable times.
2748h agoThe study introduces multi-dimensional chaos, a concept that describes erratic functions of several dynamical variables, and applies it to classical and quantum scattering, finding that the eigenvalues of the S-matrix follow a specific distribution and that extrema spacings in a related electric potential follow certain statistical patterns.
2748h agoThe combination of quantum mechanics and classical chaos resolves Loschmidt's paradox, explaining how irreversible macroscopic evolution arises from time-reversible microscopic dynamics.
2748h agoThe junctions of hindered-rotation chains form networks with unique transport properties, where geodesics behave like Brownian motion and follow a new universality class of Euclidean first-passage percolation.
2748h agoThe kinetic framework proposes that the Stokes-Einstein relation breaks down in supercooled liquids because the effective collision diameter increases and then saturates, leading to cooperative motion governing the slowdown.
2748h agoMagnetic domain walls exhibit two types of dynamics, one controlled by disorder at low drive and the other governed by texture at high drive, and a crossover mechanism between them is established through experiments and simulations.
2748h agoThe circular current in Hubbard quantum rings decreases with increasing on-site repulsion, and its response to extended interaction depends on the electron filling factor.
2748h agoOhmic dissipation and quenched disorder combine to smear two out of three quantum phase transitions in the random quantum Ashkin-Teller model.
2748h agoA family of two-dimensional bipartite hyperbolic lattices hosts massless Dirac-like excitations that remain stable against weak point-like charge impurities but transition to a metallic state and eventually an Anderson insulator as disorder increases.
2748h agoDifferences between thermal and quantum annealing emerge for specific interaction networks, and quantum tunnelling produces qualitative differences in navigating a system toward the ground state.
2748h agoDopamine release in the ventromedial striatum integrates the initiation of actions with the estimation of spatial proximity to rewards.
2756h agoThe Human NVU Atlas reveals that Alzheimer's disease disrupts the neurovascular unit, particularly through vascular cell transcriptional hyperactivity, sex-specific vulnerabilities, and extracellular matrix disruptions.
2756h agoThe primate brain generates motion perception by computing velocity anew at each level of the cortical hierarchy, allowing it to efficiently encode a wide range of motion speeds.
2760h agoCombining a voltage-sensitive dye with a calcium indicator allows measuring neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in brain slices.
2760h agoThe brain uses a body-axis-anchored neural signal in the retrosplenial complex to help with navigation by encoding acceleration and alignment with the body's principal axes during goal-directed movements.
2760h agoThe left medial habenula plays a predominant role in modulating fear memories through gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor-mediated signaling.
2760h agoAuditory evoked potentials can be reliably recorded in real-life environments using a portable ear-EEG platform, even with short recording durations of 10 minutes or less.
2760h agoRe-expressing the SynGAP1 protein after development restores the structure and signaling dynamics of disrupted synaptic protein interaction networks in mice.
2760h agoAcute ethanol consumption impairs memory consolidation in satiated flies by switching their memory to a sleep-independent form that is then disrupted by ethanol-induced sedation.
2760h agoThe structure of the nAChR and rapsyn complex reveals a consistent, asymmetric 3:1 binding architecture where rapsyn is sandwiched between the MX-MA loops from two subunits, with phosphorylated tyrosines lodged in cationic pockets.
2760h agoAdolescent alcohol consumption impairs spatial recognition memory and reduces spine density in neurons connecting the prefrontal cortex to the mediodorsal thalamus.
2760h agoSenescent astrocytes in the hippocampus exhibit reduced synaptogenic capacity due to a loss of thrombospondin-1, leading to impaired excitatory synapse formation.
2760h agoMutations in DNM2 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy characterized by sensory and motor deficits, and increasing DNM2 activity does not improve symptoms in a mouse model of the disease.
2760h agoSpontaneous human brain activity during rest is structured by a deformable attractor manifold that allows for continuous deformation and reshaping of attractor geometry.
2760h agoThe brain needs awareness to use internal models to anticipate and reduce responses to predictable sensory input, and without awareness, the brain does not make this adjustment.
2760h agoDeepWonder3D, a pipeline for 3D neuronal extraction, rapidly and robustly extracts neuronal calcium dynamics from large-scale 3D imaging data with high fidelity, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
2760h agoHippocampal replay events allow animals to use memories to plan future actions beyond their immediate surroundings.
2760h agoN-linked glycosylation of tau regulates its propagation and neuronal uptake by reprogramming tau-polyanion binding, seeding, and entry into human neurons.
2764h agoInfants as young as 3 months old can anticipate and prepare their own actions, displaying pupil dilation before initiating movements with a toy, which suggests the emergence of intentional action.
2764h agoDiabetes alters amacrine cell output to Rod Bipolar Cells, changing how calcium handling affects inhibitory signals.
2764h agoDownstream capillary pericytes actively regulate blood flow by contracting in a torsional manner, challenging the traditional view that they are passive conduits.
2764h agoKCNQ2 potassium channels play a crucial role in regulating electrical signals in the brain, and changes in the KCNQ2 gene can cause early life epilepsy and neurodevelopmental impairment.
2764h agoThe connection between the anterior thalamic nuclei and the retrosplenial cortex, a pathway important for memory and spatial navigation, is unaffected by amyloid-beta overexpression in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
2764h agoMulti-PE acquisition with a 4-way PE scheme provides the most accurate and reproducible results for geometric alignment and microstructural estimates in high-resolution 7T diffusion MRI.
2764h agoThe lateral intraparietal area (LIP) integrates visual information with task demands to guide eye movements, and it has heterogeneous sensory and motor encoding with a strong post-saccadic motor signal.
2764h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex helps control attention by sending signals to the locus coeruleus, and activating this connection improves attention by enhancing discrimination through a specific brain circuit.
2764h agoGABA co-release at glycinergic synapses helps shape the functional synaptic architecture necessary for accurate sound localization by refining the properties of synaptic transmission.
2764h agoLarge language models can systematically and quantitatively synthesize neuroscientific knowledge across different brain regions, model organisms, and studies to identify patterns and insights that were previously unknown.
2764h agoThalamic engagement occurs early in seizure evolution, with the pulvinar subregion often activated first, and the mediodorsal subregion typically involved later, but crucially activated when seizures spread to the contralateral hemisphere.
2764h agoA gene therapy strategy using small nuclear RNAs restores normal pre-mRNA processing of key neuronal genes STMN2 and UNC13A, correcting mis-splicing caused by TDP-43 loss of function in ALS.
2764h agoBrief exposure to morphine in early life causes persistent changes in brain cells, leading to increased anxiety and aversion-related behaviors, especially in individuals with HIV.
2764h agoNeuropathic pain resolves without tissue or sensory neuron loss and is accompanied by distinct sex-specific changes in immune cells, satellite glial cells, and sensory neurons.
2764h agoLimbic structures in the brain send twice as many signals as they receive, both when people are awake and asleep.
2764h agoThe protein disulfide isomerase P4HB facilitates prion replication in cells by stabilizing the prion protein and potentially acting as a chaperone that directly modulates prion conversion.
2764h agoReward type and task complexity jointly influence learning and the shift from exploration to exploitation, with different reward modalities showing distinct behavioral dynamics.
2764h agoKYNA formation and synthesis inhibition change throughout the day, with higher KYNA levels and greater synthesis inhibition in the dark phase than in the light phase, and therapies targeting KYNA synthesis should consider time-dependent factors.
2764h agoDopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex play a critical role in initiating goal-directed movements, and their activation can drive targeted movement even in mice with dopamine depletion.
2764h agoHormonal changes during the menstrual cycle reorganize brain dynamics, with estradiol, progesterone, and age modulating multiple brain networks.
2764h agoThe hippocampus changes its coding of information throughout categorization training, representing critical events in a format that supports generalization of category membership.
2764h agoA new computational method called DENDRO enables the estimation of full 3D voltage across an entire dendritic tree over time, by combining 3D anatomical information with 2D voltage video data.
2764h agoAdults with autism spectrum disorder conform as much as neurotypical adults to social norms driven by acceptance-seeking, but are less responsive to social cues driven by accuracy-seeking.
2764h agoThe human hippocampus plays a role in forming short-term auditory memory, processing auditory information before attention is paid, and interacting with other brain areas in a hierarchical manner.
2764h agoMOSAIC, a fMRI dataset aggregation framework, combines eight large-scale vision fMRI datasets from 93 subjects to create a robust resource for modeling human vision.
2764h agoStrategic adaptation to a changing environment works through hypothesis testing, where learners generate and refine ideas through practice, and this process leads to an efficiency-flexibility trade-off in motor learning.
2764h agoEarly activity during a critical period sets long-term intrinsic properties of neurons in a cell-type specific way, with excitatory and inhibitory interneurons showing opposite responses to optogenetic excitation or inhibition.
2764h agoThe hippocampus shows peaks in activity before event boundaries, which decrease as people learn event schemas, indicating that these peaks signal uncertainty about upcoming events.
2764h agoThe human heartbeat affects the acoustic features of the voice, and this heart-voice coupling may have been overlooked in laboratory phonology and bioacoustics despite its potential for cardiac monitoring and understanding vocal control.
2764h agoMacrophage regulation in multiple sclerosis models is controlled by key cytokine signaling pathways that govern myeloid cell behavior in neuroinflammation.
2768h agoCerebellar neurons encode the size and direction of motor errors, enabling the brain to rapidly adjust movements.
2768h agoBCNE, an unsupervised deep-learning method, reveals clear brain activity trajectories and distinguishes cognitive events, learning stages, and active versus passive movement more effectively than traditional data visualization methods.
2768h agoInfants as young as 3 months old can anticipate and prepare their own actions, displaying pupil dilation before initiating movements with a toy, and learn to predict the outcomes of their actions.
2768h agoThe brain's optimal performance is achieved by operating in a Griffiths phase, a state that balances robustness and flexibility, and allows for individual variability in neural dynamics and cognitive functions.
2772h agoNext-generation neural mass models provide a broader dynamical repertoire than classical models, allowing for the emergence of rich spatiotemporal patterns and cross-frequency coupling in large-scale brain dynamics.
2772h agoGoal shaping enables the best performance in a grid world navigation task, but it hampers learning about the environment's transition dynamics.
2772h agoSleep disorders need effective and widely accessible treatments, and non-invasive brain stimulation shows promise in promoting sleep enhancement.
2772h agoThe brain's synaptic network is best modeled by a mathematical system that captures the flow of interactions between neurons, and its thermodynamic properties reveal neurolocomotor neurons as primary hubs of incoming connections.
2772h agoA kernel similarity matching framework for generative modeling learns representations by maximizing similarity between input and latent kernels, potentially providing insights into how task representations are encoded in the brain.
2772h agoA new method infers a neuron's membrane voltage, biophysical parameters, and position relative to a probe using extracellular measurements.
2772h agoA new class of artificial neural networks unifies the computational principles of predictive coding and hierarchical Gaussian filtering, enabling the creation of modular architectures with complex hierarchical structures.
2772h agoParticles in a periodically modulated optical trap can exhibit transient chaos, leading to acceleration, ejection, and then return to the trap under the action of the Stokes force.
2772h agoExplosive synchronization occurs in Type-I neurons under certain conditions, specifically weak heterogeneity, on scale-free and star networks with complete and partial degree-frequency correlation.
2772h agoThe assist-as-needed control algorithm helps patients with mobility issues during rehabilitation by providing precise and adaptable support through an exoskeleton.
2772h agoOptical feedback dynamics in terahertz frequency combs generated from quantum cascade lasers exhibit clear bifurcation routes, transitioning from stable frequency comb operation to chaotic emission through period-one oscillations and higher-order bifurcations as feedback increases.
2772h agoA fiber-based platform allows for the manipulation of optical solitons, enabling precise control over their dynamics, including trapping, parametric excitation, and interactions, similar to the behavior of particles.
2772h agoCoupled chaotic Lorenz oscillators exhibit deterministic coherence and anti-coherence resonance phenomena when their coupling strength is varied, with both effects occurring simultaneously below a threshold value.
2772h agoOpinion dynamics in a population change from a bipolarized state to a consensus state as interaction thresholds vary, with more homogeneous populations tending to polarize and diverse populations reaching consensus sooner.
2772h agoA Z_2 topological bipolar skin effect exists in a non-Hermitian Rashba chain, where spin-up and spin-down eigenstates localize at opposite boundaries, and this effect is protected against moderate disorder but breaks down before Anderson localization occurs.
2772h agoThe energy gap of a one-dimensional random transverse-field Ising model follows a stretched exponential scaling under general independent and identical distributions of the exchange energies.
2772h agoIntroducing a hard threshold in the learning rule enhances memory of previous tasks in physical networks by confining tuning to specific areas, allowing multiple sequential tasks to be learned without erasing earlier solutions.
2772h agoA systematic approach based on the Anderson quantum model describes electrons in random lattices, covering both metallic and localized phases.
2772h agoThe Localization Landscape Theory does not accurately capture the critical properties of Anderson localization, as its percolation transition and the Anderson localization transition have different critical behaviors.
2772h agoThe high-order delta-Chebyshev method rapidly computes spectral densities of sparse Hamiltonians, achieving rapid convergence to the thermodynamic limit for smooth spectral densities.
2772h agoQuantum annealers have residual non-thermal effects that do not fit the assumed scaling law for effective temperature, and these effects remain even as the system size increases.
2772h agoThe bias-reversal symmetry holds if the local left-right bond-bias ratio is spatially uniform, and disorder at the site level breaks this symmetry through interaction with particles, while bond disorder preserves it.
2772h agoTwo new order parameters, probability distribution deviation and von Neumann entropy, reveal that localization transition and thermalization breakdown transition occur in the disordered Heisenberg model, with the latter preceding the former in interacting cases.
2772h agoThe vector nature of phonons does not affect the Anderson localization transition of phonons, according to a study that used a new phonon dynamical cluster approximation to investigate phonon localization in disordered media.
2772h agoA discontinuous percolation transition occurs in a bipartite network when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, resulting in a single macroscopic cluster with a finite fraction of nodes.
2772h agoThe brain's synaptic network is best modeled by a mathematical system that captures the flow of interactions between neurons, and its thermodynamic properties reveal neurolocomotor neurons as primary hubs of incoming connections.
2772h agoDiabetes alters amacrine cell output to Rod Bipolar Cells, changing how calcium handling affects the duration of inhibitory responses.
2780h agoDownstream capillary pericytes actively regulate blood flow by contracting in a torsional manner, challenging the traditional view that they are passive conduits.
2780h agoKCNQ2 potassium channels containing the subunit KCNQ2 regulate electrical signals in the brain related to sensation, learning, and motor control, and mutations in this subunit, such as the G256W variant, disrupt channel function and contribute to severe epilepsy and neurodevelopmental impairment.
2780h agoThe Alzheimer's disease-like pathology does not impair the connection between the anterior thalamic nuclei and the retrosplenial cortex in a mouse model.
2780h agoMulti-PE acquisition, especially a 4-way PE scheme, improves geometric accuracy and data reproducibility in high-resolution 7T diffusion MRI.
2780h agoThe lateral intraparietal area (LIP) integrates visual information with task demands to guide rapid eye movements, with neural units showing mixed sensory and motor encoding.
2780h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex helps control attention by sending signals to the locus coeruleus.
2780h agoGABA co-release at glycinergic synapses helps shape the functional synaptic architecture of sound localization pathways by refining synaptic transmission properties, but not circuit refinement.
2780h agoLarge language models can systematically synthesize neuroscientific knowledge across studies and species to identify patterns and insights about brain regions and their functions.
2780h agoThalamic engagement occurs early in seizure evolution, with the pulvinar subregion often activated first, and the mediodorsal subregion typically involved later, but crucially engaged when seizures spread to the contralateral hemisphere.
2780h agoA gene therapy strategy using small nuclear RNAs restores normal processing of key genes STMN2 and UNC13A, which are disrupted in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, thereby rescuing motor neuron function.
2780h agoBrief exposure to morphine in early life causes changes in brain cells that lead to anxiety and aversion-related behaviors, especially in individuals with HIV.
2780h agoScientists create an organoid biobank to study neurodevelopmental disorders.
2784h agoToxic protein disrupts normal brain function.
2784h agoTirzepatide affects brain activity in the NAc and reduces food preoccupation.
2784h agoRecurrence explains the findings. However I need a paragraph to work with. You only provided a few lines. Please provide a paragraph for me to work with. I will then create a single sentence summary.
2784h agoNature Neuroscience introduces two initiatives to promote quality, transparency, and inclusivity in peer review, enabling publication of peer review reports and author responses, and facilitating participation of early career researchers.
2784h agoNeuropathic pain resolution involves sex-specific changes in sensory neurons, satellite glial cells, and macrophages in the dorsal root ganglion, with males and females showing different immune responses and cellular interactions.
2784h agoLimbic structures in the brain send twice as many signals as they receive, both when people are awake and asleep.
2784h agoThe protein P4HB facilitates prion replication in cells by stabilizing the prion protein and potentially acting as a chaperone that directly modulates prion conversion.
2784h agoReward type and task complexity jointly influence learning and the transition from exploration to exploitation, with different reward modalities showing distinct behavioral dynamics.
2784h agoKYNA formation and synthesis inhibition change throughout the day, with higher KYNA levels and greater synthesis inhibition occurring in the dark phase than the light phase, and sleep deprivation increases KYNA levels.
2784h agoDopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex play a critical role in initiating goal-directed movements, and activating these neurons can drive targeted movement even in mice with dopamine depletion.
2784h agoHormonal changes during the menstrual cycle alter the organization of brain dynamics, and a new model-based approach can accurately predict menstrual cycle phases using brain activity.
2784h agoThe hippocampus changes its coding of information throughout categorization training, representing critical events in a format that supports generalization of category membership.
2784h agoA new computational method called DENDRO estimates 3D voltage across an entire dendritic tree by fusing anatomical information with 2D voltage video data.
2788h agoAdults with autism spectrum disorder conform less to social cues when seeking accuracy, but equally as much as neurotypical adults when seeking acceptance.
2788h agoThe human hippocampus is involved in forming short-term auditory memory, and processes auditory information in a network of brain areas before attention is paid.
2788h agoMOSAIC, a fMRI dataset aggregation framework, combines eight large-scale vision fMRI datasets from 93 subjects to improve computational modeling and generalization of human vision.
2792h agoPeople discover effective movement strategies in changing environments through hypothesis testing, which results in an efficiency-flexibility trade-off: learning is slower but leads to better generalization in constrained environments, while learning is faster but leads to poorer generalization in unconstrained environments.
2792h agoThe neocortex and cerebellum use similar computational mechanisms to predict future events and construct internal world models, allowing the brain to achieve diverse functions and human-like intelligence.
2796h agoA hybrid variational autoencoder with a mixed latent space effectively disentangles distinct sources of variability in brain connectomes, capturing both continuous and discrete factors.
2796h agoA precision approach that tracks neural changes within individuals over the course of training provides more nuanced insights into how neural representations change with training, allowing for a personalized account of skill learning in the human brain.
2796h agoHigher-order information theory reveals that neural computation and communication are characterized by a balance between synergistic integration and redundant broadcasting, optimizing multiscale complexity through a tradeoff between computation and communication.
2796h agoNo single method can optimally decode EEG motor imagery patterns across all users or datasets, and personalized pipeline selection is needed to address neurophysiological variability.
2796h agoA novel node-graph dual contrastive learning framework called Seizure-NGCLNet accurately detects drug-resistant epilepsy seizures using stereotactic electroencephalography, achieving an average accuracy of 95.93%.
2796h agoLarge language models exhibit Bayesian strategies in integrating noisy signals from text and images, but their accuracy does not guarantee robustness in handling uncertainty.
2796h agoBrain-aligning semantic vectors with neural representations improves decoding performance across different neuroimaging datasets.
2796h agoIndividual visual experiences are created from a high-dimensional neural geometry across the visual cortical hierarchy, with unique neural patterns predicting differences in memory recall.
2796h agoMIMIC-MJX, a new framework, learns neural control policies from kinematics that accurately model how the nervous system controls movement and behavior.
2796h agoA novel approach to image classification that uses learnable higher-order convolutions outperforms traditional convolutional neural networks on several standard benchmarks.
2796h agoLarge language models and the human brain use similar computational principles to process language, with model performance driving the evolution of brain-like representational architectures.
2796h agoThe type of wave generated in a weakly dissipative, strongly nonlinear discrete chain depends on the duration of the incoming pulse ramp, producing either a train of solitary waves or a shock-like stress wave.
2796h agoNoise-induced chaos triggers a transition from stable to unstable regimes in random dynamical systems through an extension of the Pyragas time-delayed feedback control.
2796h agoBreathers on an elliptic wave background consist of a nonlinear superposition of a soliton and a periodic wave that interact periodically.
2796h agoTwo-dimensional continuous piecewise-linear maps near certain codimension-two homoclinic bifurcations can be approximated by a one-dimensional family of discontinuous maps, exhibiting complex bifurcation structures similar to those of two-piece maps, with some unique features.
2796h agoBuyers' preferences in over-the-counter fish markets tend to approach a stable state, where the most attractive sellers do not always provide the highest profit.
2796h agoElectrically driven plasmon-polaritonic bistability is observed in graphene/hexagonal-boron-nitride/graphene tunneling transistors through momentum-conserving resonant tunneling of Dirac electrons.
2796h agoThe synchronized motion on networks of mutually coupled oscillators is described succinctly using a stability criterion based on uniform contractions.
2796h agoThe TTW system's Hamiltonian and integrals have a hidden algebra that generates a polynomial algebra of integrals of a certain order, with the Hamiltonian, two integrals, and their commutator forming the generating elements.
2796h agoLocal measurements cause a phase transition in strongly disordered spin chains, changing an area-law state to a volume-law entangled phase as the measurement rate increases.
2796h agoA universal topological marker can quantify the influence of disorder on topological order, and it can be efficiently calculated using the kernel polynomial method, even in higher dimensions.
2796h agoFast-scanning tunnelling microscope techniques reveal the internal dynamics of metastable defects in electronic crystals, showing how individual electrons move and interact in real-time.
2796h agoThe evolution of software is driven by an interplay between constraints, tinkering, and frequency-dependent selection, which shapes its symbiotic relationship with innovation and societal norms.
2796h agoThe fundamental limits of efficiently sampling the solution space of non-convex perceptron problems can be predicted using replica theory, which shows that sampling is efficient for spherical perceptrons with negative margin in most cases, but remains difficult for binary weights.
2796h agoThe many-body localization transition in the quantum Ising model with long-range interaction occurs at a threshold that can be estimated with logarithmic accuracy.
2796h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space at a certain threshold, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their properties also make them suitable for cryptographic applications.
2796h agoTopological band insulators can exist in amorphous systems without translational symmetry, and a systematic method can construct them using isospectral reduction.
2796h agoThe synchronized motion on networks of mutually coupled oscillators is described succinctly using a stability criterion based on uniform contractions.
2796h agoHyperbolic GRU neural quantum state ansatz performs comparably to or better than Euclidean RNNs in approximating ground state energy for quantum many-body systems.
2796h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibits robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
2796h agoMany systems approximately follow a Boltzmann distribution, where a local property of states acts like energy, and the quality of this approximation depends on the correlation between the effective potential and exit rates.
2796h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
2800h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
2800h agoManipulation of early activity in specific neurons during a critical period changes their intrinsic excitability in a cell-type specific way that lasts through development.
2800h agoThe hippocampus shows peaks in activity before event boundaries, which decrease as people learn event schemas, indicating that it signals uncertainty about upcoming events.
2800h agoThe human voice contains signatures of the heartbeat, and this heart-voice coupling is related to both glottal and subglottal mechanisms that can affect vocal control and production.
2800h agoThe model combines biochemical processes and dynamic modulation of AMPA receptors to describe synaptic dynamics, allowing simulation of plasticity at both cellular and network levels.
2800h agoBiological brain ageing involves changes in the expression of 2,764 genes, which can be used to predict age and vary by brain region and neuron type.
2800h agoReading refines pre-existing neural circuits in the brain to facilitate fluent word recognition by enhancing neurons sensitive to letters and their position within a word.
2804h agoMiniscope calcium imaging provides a unique window into the activity of neurons during behavior while enabling spatial localization of individual cells across time. Despite its potential to revolutionize in vivo imaging alongside the rise of optogenetic tools, miniscopes remain underutilized due to a lack of easy-to-use preprocessing software. The Miniscope Processing Suite (MPS) was developed as a no-code end-to-end scalable pipeline for preprocessing large miniscope recordings. MPS enables fast analysis of long recordings and was used to analyze 77 hours of video data in 55.6 hours, which is 10-20 times faster than traditional pipelines. Here is a single sentence summary: The Miniscope Processing Suite (MPS) enables fast analysis of large miniscope recordings, analyzing 77 hours of video data in 55.6 hours.
2804h agoBrainstem neurons encode peri-head distance using two schemes: a proximity code where firing increases as objects approach the face, and a map code where neurons are tuned to specific distances.
2804h agoEnvironmental stability determines whether the brain uses synaptic plasticity or recurrent network dynamics to update value, with synaptic plasticity dominating in stable environments and recurrent dynamics taking over in dynamic environments.
2804h agoMultiple sclerosis patients have distinct gut microbiome composition and urinary metabolomic profiles compared to healthy controls, and their neuroinflammation is associated with dysregulation of microbially-produced short-chain fatty acids.
2804h agoThe Sparse Concept Encoding Model transforms word embeddings into a simpler form that allows for direct understanding of how brain activity relates to specific concepts, enabling better interpretation of brain responses to naturalistic stimuli.
2804h agoObesity and type 2 diabetes cause male reproductive problems by altering certain brain cells, leading to low testosterone and reduced sperm counts.
2804h agoTianeptine increases hippocampal beta-frequency activity and synaptic responses by activating opioid receptors and blocking feedforward inhibition.
2804h agoFunctional and effective connectivity in the brain, particularly in the caudate nucleus and corticostriatal connections, decreases as Huntington's disease progresses.
2804h agoA new method generates highly pure and expandable neural stem cells that can be used for disease modeling, drug screening, and potential clinical treatment of neurological disorders.
2804h agoStress intensity, frequency, and duration, as well as social isolation, determine the severity of depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and physiological changes in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress.
2804h agoMitochondrial dysfunction leads to the release of extracellular vesicles containing oxidized DNA, which stimulates microglial inflammatory responses and contributes to neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.
2804h agoThe brain switches between two dominant states - one focused on perception and attention, and the other on introspection and integration - and the thalamus plays a central role in modulating these state transitions.
2804h agoFoundation Models are redefining non-invasive brain decoding by extracting robust representations from noisy neural signals and reconstructing high-fidelity outputs, enabling advancements in visual reconstruction, language and speech decoding, and auditory processing.
2804h agoKH domain of the Spoonbill protein interacts with dLarp7 and SMN protein to suppress neurodegeneration associated with Spinocerebellar Ataxia 8 (SCA8) by restoring normal levels of 7SKsnRNP.
2804h agoFlexible brain state engagement supports cognitive control in individuals with a range of psychiatric disorders.
2804h agoThe brain processes letter recognition through several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and fine tuning for letter orientation, with distinct brain areas responding to novelty, category, and orientation.
2804h agoDopamine modulates inhibitory signals to OFF bipolar cells by reducing glycinergic currents, but not GABAergic currents, through activation of the Dopamine D1 Receptor.
2804h agoBlocking D4Rs alters ERG signaling in diabetic rodents, particularly during light adaptation, indicating diabetes impairs the retina's ability to adjust to changing light conditions.
2804h agoCalbindin-positive CA1 pyramidal cells preferentially connect to bursting subicular pyramidal cells and support cognitive flexibility needed to adapt to a changing environment.
2804h agoThe X-TRAP approach allows for precise labeling of neurons that are activated by specific stimuli, enabling the mapping of neural circuits that control behaviors such as food intake.
2804h agoThe brain uses signals from the mouth, throat, and gut to control eating, with some brain cells responding rapidly to food in the mouth and others responding slowly to food in the stomach.
2804h agoArsenic trioxide exposure activates a cellular stress pathway that drives long-term neurotoxic effects and cognitive deficits.
2804h agoDistinct brain development patterns are linked to different trajectories of depressive symptoms in males and females during adolescence.
2804h agoThe brain refines its neural representations of tasks gradually over time, adapting to specific task demands, and this process supports behavioral flexibility.
2804h agoThe auditory cortex uses a head-centered reference frame to encode sound location, but also maintains a world-centered representation that becomes more prominent over time.
2804h agoCephalopod chromatophores are controlled by a small number of motor neurons, typically four, that form petal-shaped domains, allowing for flexible and coordinated color changes.
2804h agoHuntington disease impairs glial differentiation due to abnormal histone hyperacetylation and over-expression of KRAB zinc finger protein transcriptional repressors in glial progenitor cells.
2804h agoChronic stress causes the brain to adapt by strengthening the CeA-DMS pathway's stabilizing role, leading to behavioral rigidity, and this adaptation happens through structural changes that preserve flexibility.
2808h agoThe pleasantness of touch can be mediated by A{beta}-afferents, and velocity inference plays a role in this process, as shown by the effect of visual velocity on the pleasantness of vibrotactile strokes.
2808h agoChanges in internal state modulate dopamine neuron responses to food and water cues in a need-specific way.
2808h agoRhythmic brain stimulation changes the timing of motor inhibition, and the brain adjusts its inhibitory control by shifting the phase at which inhibition is strongest when in an error-prone state.
2808h agoLiving Neurosheets are practical platforms that allow for the creation of complex living neural architectures, enabling control over neural activity and multimodal interrogation.
2808h agoCortical responses to stimuli remain decodable even when the brain's network activity is synchronized, such as during deep anesthesia.
2808h agoHigher intelligence in children is associated with more efficient neural information exchange in the attentional orienting network, marked by reduced widespread communication between brain areas.
2808h agoElevated cAMP levels cause defects in short-term and long-term memory by suppressing early memory formation in certain neurons and regulating memory formation after multiple training sessions.
2808h agoAgeing is associated with reduced hippocampal structural connectivity with the entorhinal cortex and medial parietal cortices, and increased connectivity with anterior temporal areas.
2808h agoPatients with schizophrenia have visual processing deficits due to both higher variability in neural response timing and reduced neural responses.
2808h agoDopamine neurons active during the embryonic stage are essential for locomotion across all developmental stages and adulthood.
2808h agoDeep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate increases dopamine and serotonin levels, which predict later depressive symptom relief in people with treatment-resistant depression.
2808h agoB7-H3 expression increases in the ischemic brain after a stroke and is linked to inflammation.
2808h agoGLP-1 neurons in the brain determine meal size and their activation leads to reduced food intake and sustained weight loss, making them a feasible target for obesity treatment.
2808h agoSleep fragmentation increases epileptic activity in specific brain regions during certain stages of sleep.
2808h agoDe novo mutations in the STXBP1 gene lead to a deficiency of the Munc18.1 protein, causing neurodevelopmental disorders such as epilepsy and encephalopathies by affecting intrinsic neuronal properties and synaptic transmission in a developmentally stage-dependent manner.
2808h agoProgranulin deficiency causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and vulnerability to cell death in brain cells.
2808h agoThe projectome-based characterization of hypothalamic peptidergic neurons was corrected in male mice.
2812h agoThe ketogenic diet improves neurobehavioral function and reduces anxiety and depression-like behaviors in estrogen-deficient female mice, but may also cause liver and kidney problems.
2812h agoMutations in the OCRL1 gene cause Lowe syndrome, which leads to neurological symptoms, and research in flies shows that the symptoms start in neural stem cells during embryonic development.
2812h agoSelf-initiated actions have distinct neural dynamics, including a gradual buildup of activity, reduced variability, and sharp state transitions, whereas externally triggered actions rely on external input and have stable frequency content.
2812h agoThe training objective of an artificial neural network affects how well its representations align with brain activity, with reinforcement learning showing a small advantage in predicting brain activity.
2812h agoCertain neurons are more vulnerable to Huntington's disease because they have different genetic activity that disrupts their identity and triggers a protective process called ER-phagy.
2812h agoRemoving artifacts from electrophysiological recordings can lead to biased analysis results, and slight changes in preprocessing have a strong impact on these results.
2812h agoHigh-frequency bursts in the brain facilitate fast communications in brain networks and support routing information related to attention.
2816h agoEnhancers encode cell-type-specific responses to central nervous system injury by using a specific logic that can be targeted to reactivate astrocytes.
2816h agoFree-ranging dogs use both visual and olfactory cues to find food, preferring speed over accuracy and settling for intermediate quality food, and also display a left-bias during food choice.
2820h agoPartial sleep deprivation causes severe disruptions in brain networks, including functional and structural changes in areas related to emotion, sensory processing, and cognition.
2820h agoEngineers have created a biomimetic interface that captures and decodes mechanical signals from human skin, enabling new possibilities for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interaction.
2820h agoSleep patterns, autonomic arousal, bodily sensations, and cognitive load interact with each other, and a new mathematical model aims to capture this complex interplay to explain sudden changes in psychological and physiological states.
2820h agoBerthier, Provenzi, and collaborators reformulate perceptual color attributes within the framework of quantum information using a quantum system described by a spin factor, and show how to compute color perception using qubit density matrices.
2820h agoThe brain uses a process called Memory-Amortized Inference to convert chaotic exploration into a geometry of certainty, enabling efficient navigation and representation of the environment.
2820h agoSymmetries give rise to emergent macroscopic levels in systems, organised into a hierarchy that shapes both the systems' behaviour and our Bayesian beliefs about them.
2820h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
2820h agoConsciousness arises from a single control agent, the Modeler-schema, which monitors the brain's internal World Model and generates experience through a qualia-based consistency check.
2820h agoA new framework disentangles visual and spatial contributions in virtual reality, allowing researchers to map how position signals are spatially organized across the environment in the primary visual cortex.
2820h agoNeural networks learn to perform discrete computations on continuous data by discretising input features and then performing logical operations on these discretised variables.
2820h agoAn AI system detects and diagnoses malignant lung nodules on low-dose CT scans more accurately and earlier than radiologists, achieving 99.3% sensitivity with 0.5 false positives per scan.
2820h agoThe coupling strength in threshold power-law recurrent neural networks does not qualitatively influence the dynamics, but only scales all system solutions in magnitude, implying that chaotic dynamics can always be tamed or never be tamed.
2820h agoConsciousness emerges from communication between local observers in a distributed system, where a shared model arises through the exchange of predictive messages.
2820h agoNuCLR, a self-supervised framework, learns representations of neural activity that differentiate one neuron from the rest, achieving state-of-the-art performance in cell type and brain region decoding tasks.
2820h agoStandard HD-tDCS dosing methods produce age-dependent reductions in target electric-field intensity and sex differences, but a new optimization framework can generate personalized dosing prescriptions that account for developmental anatomy and physiology.
2820h agoLarge language models and the brain generate representations in a similar order, with early brain responses aligning with initial model layers and later brain responses aligning with deeper model layers.
2820h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn phase code solutions to perform modular arithmetic tasks without being explicitly designed to produce oscillations.
2820h agoInformation emerges in physical systems through specific generative motifs, including replication, heritable variation, and translation under shared templates, which link structures in a causal structure set.
2820h agoPulsed wave transcranial photobiomodulation therapy enhances brain functional networks and alters microstate patterns, specifically increasing global efficiency, local efficiency, and betweenness centrality of microstate C.
2820h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep physiology by influencing neural, endocrine, and immune pathways, and disruptions in its composition contribute to sleep disorders and related health issues.
2820h agoBrain fog in long COVID patients is caused by dysfunction in the right inferior insula, and stimulating this area with ultrasound can improve the related cognitive impairment.
2820h agoBASIC, a new evaluation framework, jointly quantifies structural fidelity, inferential alignment, and contextual coherence between decoded and ground-truth images to improve the assessment of brain visual decoding methods.
2820h agoA novel neural network called SAPIN learns by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid, allowing it to adapt its structure and synaptic weights to solve tasks such as the Cart Pole reinforcement learning benchmark.
2820h agoThe extended nonlinear Lugiato-Lefever equation with pseudo-stimulated-Raman-scattering term, linear damping/gain, and spatial inhomogeneous pump reveals that quasi-solitons can be stable fixed points.
2820h agoKinks in a ring of interacting particles induce and control the collective motion of internal states, and their number determines the average velocity of this motion.
2820h agoNonuniform motion of oscillators in a ring chain with nonlocal coupling leads to the emergence of an atypical chimera state through symmetry breaking of the effective interaction kernel.
2820h agoA modified swarmalator model generates collective rotational currents in phase synchronization through a simpler driving term that depends on both phase and a specified origin.
2820h agoThe interplay of nonlinearity, coupling, and noise yields three distinct escape mechanisms in diffusively coupled bistable elements, depending on the coupling strength.
2820h agoMultiple cyclic loops at each site alter spatiotemporal patterns, allowing control of the number of coexisting states through flip networks and energies.
2820h agoThe helicoidally shaped spin-orbit coupling in binary Bose-Einstein condensates generates diverse multi-pole soliton and breather states, including stripe solitons and breathers with curved trajectories and nonperiodic density distributions.
2820h agoThe Sasano system of type $A^{(2)}_5$ is non-integrable by rational first integrals for all values of parameters that admit a particular rational solution.
2820h agoA xylem-inspired multi-agent architecture called X-SYCON enables coordination among agents through passive field dynamics, allowing them to respond to demands and hazards without explicit planning or communication.
2820h agoDeep neural networks exhibit crackling-like avalanches due to fluctuations in information propagation, which can be explained by a stochastic theory involving four effective couplings that characterize the dynamics.
2820h agoEntropy dissipation decreases in the oscillating state for ring oscillators with more than three inverters, relating to an increase in local stability, and finite-size fluctuations introduce oscillations even below the critical voltage.
2820h agoSmall fluctuations in public perception or behavior can trigger complex and changing social reactions to epidemics, including patterns of vigilance, fatigue, and renewed concern.
2820h agoTurbulent and chaotic properties change with increasing spatial dimension, with Lyapunov exponents decreasing and becoming negative in six dimensions, where non-Gaussian statistics and turbulent behavior still occur without chaos.
2820h agoLarge animal groups emerge through the rapid merging of multiple pre-existing subgroups under high-density conditions, not by slow accumulation of sparsely distributed individuals.
2820h agoTopological dislocations in lattices create new types of waveguiding and self-sustained states, allowing for control over energy flow and the formation of localized photonic eigenstates with tunable shapes.
2820h agoThe spectral form factor and power spectrum of rotating bosons with repulsive interactions exhibit chaotic behavior in the strong interaction regime, while showing integrable or pseudo-integrable behavior in the moderate interaction regime.
2820h agoDifferent isoforms of voltage-gated ion channels influence action-potential generation in a conductance-based neuron model, with some isoforms supporting broad excitable regimes and others exhibiting minimal oscillatory behavior.
2820h agoA machine learning framework called DA-SHRED integrates simulation models with sensor data to accurately estimate the full state of complex physical systems.
2820h agoThe stochastic version of the one-dimensional discrete nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation shows a phase transition at a finite temperature value, with dynamics that depend on noise strength.
2820h agoTwo mechanisms, a pattern switch and a pattern dial, enable systematic control of Turing pattern formation in gene circuits, allowing for transitions between distinct pattern types and offering a trade-off between network size, robustness, and tunability.
2820h agoA novel Lie algebra has properties including a single non-trivial Casimir polynomial and is associated with a hierarchy of Hamiltonian systems with integrability properties that depend on the dimension of the algebra.
2820h agoThe wavefront shape for maximum laser beam concentration is obtained by solving a nonlinear integral equation to maximize the light power passing through an aperture.
2820h agoThis work reviews the properties of real quadratic maps and investigates the effects of singular perturbations on complex quadratic maps.
2820h agoThe critical dynamics of the two-dimensional Ising model strongly depend on the initial condition, with quenches from ordered and disordered phases following different scaling behaviors.
2820h agoA trade-off exists between the speed and accuracy of collective pattern formation in cells, with globally optimized solutions not necessarily maximizing information transfer between cells.
2820h agoDeep neural networks exhibit crackling-like avalanches due to fluctuations in information propagation, which can be explained by a stochastic theory involving four effective couplings that characterize the dynamics.
2820h agoLocal density measurements cause quantum correlations in a many-body free-fermion system to develop from initial-state correlations to steady-state correlations over time.
2820h agoDelafossites' magnetic behavior can be accurately predicted and understood through a graph neural network that aligns with human-interpretable physical concepts.
2820h agoActive particles with finite persistence show power-law distributed stress drops when their activity builds long enough correlations, and the statistics of avalanches in these systems resemble those of passive systems under certain conditions.
2820h agoSi doping increases photoluminescence intensity and enhances radiative processes in InGaN alloys by introducing deeper localized states and increasing localization, which reduces nonradiative recombination channels.
2820h agoSymmetries give rise to emergent macroscopic levels in systems, organised into a hierarchy that shapes both the systems' behaviour and our Bayesian beliefs about them.
2820h agoMeasurement-induced entanglement can be detected using a data-driven learning method that trains a neural network on measurement records to predict entanglement uncertainty.
2820h agoOptimal variable selection allows a simple perceptron to perfectly classify random patterns by surpassing the Cover-Gardner bound of $\alpha < 2\rho$.
2820h agoA Large Language Model partially learns the internal structure of a sequence of trees generated by prime factorization of natural numbers, capturing regularities and correlations.
2820h agoFractional Chern insulators' stability is governed by single-particle band geometry, according to a data-driven framework that uses band-geometric descriptors to predict stability with over 80% accuracy.
2820h agoA random-walking particle can escape to infinity on certain two-dimensional surfaces, unlike on standard flat 2D surfaces where it gets localized.
2820h agoThe Holstein mechanism in a single-electron system exhibits a quantum phase transition with distinct short-time and long-time behaviors.
2820h agoDisorder in Rydberg atom arrays leads to new classes of criticalities, resulting in a novel pseudo-criticality that emerges in experimentally realistic atom chains.
2820h agoReplica symmetry breaking underlies the complex organization of disordered systems, with five independent observables confirming predictions: ground-state energies, energy fluctuations, chaos exponent, overlap distribution, and complexity, all matching expectations for systems up to 4000 spins.
2820h agoA mechanical hysteron made of rigid bars and linear springs allows for controllable properties and tunable interactions, enabling the design of materials that can sense, compute, and respond to their mechanical environment.
2820h agoQuantum annealing platforms can enable fast and efficient training of classical neural networks, achieving superior performance scaling compared to classical backpropagation methods.
2820h agoA unified framework explains how a disordered environment affects energy transport along a chiral quantum Hall edge, revealing two regimes with different temperature scaling and showing that the total heat flux remains quantized.
2820h agoThe Holevo information reveals distinct phases of quantum information distribution between subsystems, with a sharp transition between exponentially decaying and linearly growing phases as system size and subsystem sizes vary.
2820h agoEarly life stress causes changes in behavior and physiology in mice, including reduced vocalizations, altered social behavior, changed stress biomarkers, and signs of precocious puberty that can persist across generations.
2820h agoOlder adults have impaired blood-brain barrier function and glymphatic clearance compared to younger adults, with changes in these systems potentially linked through increased extracellular free water in white matter.
2820h agoA wearable device using near-infrared light can detect changes in brain activity in real-time and wirelessly, allowing for monitoring of brain function during naturalistic tasks without restricting movement.
2820h agoA specific brain circuit, the cortico-subthalamic projection from the granular retrosplenial cortex to the zona incerta, plays a key role in controlling opioid relapse by encoding and retrieving opioid-associated memories.
2820h agoSimilar neural representation patterns and computational structures control brain-controlled and naturally controlled movements, following a fundamental principle of neural control in an abstract hierarchy.
2820h agoRespiration does not align with spontaneous perceptual changes, but respiration frequency predicts how long a person's perception remains stable.
2824h agoHuntington's disease research finds that mutant HTT mRNA accumulates in RNA clusters in neurons, starting from the prenatal stage, and this accumulation may impact nuclear homeostasis.
2824h agoA combination of brain activity, genetic information, and behavioral performance jointly predicts emotional empathy, but not cognitive empathy, in people.
2824h agoHair cell loss in the inner ear affects balance, with different parts of the ear showing varying levels of redundancy, allowing for robust responses to head movements despite significant hair cell loss.
2824h agoA specific subset of neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, called DMHCalb1/Vglut2 neurons, drives cold-evoked shivering thermogenesis in response to cold temperatures.
2824h agoThe levels of beta2-microglobulin and human leukocyte antigen proteins and their encoding genes relate to motor neuron vulnerability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but they are not major contributors to the disease.
2824h agoAging causes changes in the neuromuscular junction, a critical connection between nerves and muscles, and this change is linked to progressive motor decline, with distinct changes occurring in different types of muscles.
2824h agoPatients with temporal lobe epilepsy and frontal lobe epilepsy have impaired brain network activations during episodic and semantic memory tasks due to altered intrinsic functional brain organization.
2824h agoThe goal for a motor action is generated through spatial extrapolation that involves both perceptual and action processes in the brain.
2824h agoParkinson's disease progression is better understood through the identification of subtypes related to clinical phenotypes, with proteomic analysis revealing consistent protein co-expression modules associated with quality of life scores, metabolite pathways, and cognitive function phenotypes.
2824h agoAbnormal brain protein-carrying particles in the blood are linked to Alzheimer's disease progression, inflammation, and brain damage.
2828h agoA Bayesian Multivariate Linear model can be used to efficiently test for multivariate main effects and interactions in brain imaging data from factorial designs.
2828h agoThe analysis of Alzheimer's Disease prediction models reveals that FAQ, CDRSB, ADAS13, MMSE, and RAVLT variants are the most important features, and their importance varies by disease stage.
2828h agoREM sleep in rats develops from a single state into two distinct substates, phasic and tonic, with different brain wave patterns and muscle activity, as rats mature from 12 to 24 days old.
2828h agoAlzheimer's disease with psychosis arises from a combination of changes in a shared protein profile and a separate set of protein changes that affect synaptic density and are largely independent of the shared profile.
2828h agoShared noise along the stimulus encoding direction limits information encoding in neural population coding.
2828h agoDeep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate cortex leads to faster and stronger electrocortical signaling over time, with changes in brain signals linked to white-matter integrity.
2828h agoThe amygdaloid proteome is progressively impaired in Alzheimer's disease, with a more severe effect in women than men, and shows a stage-specific protein expression profile.
2828h agoInjecting human alpha-Synuclein into mice with a genetic mutation causes Parkinson's disease-like symptoms, including protein clumping, brain cell loss, and inflammation.
2828h agoFentanyl induces different responses in brain neurons depending on where they send their signals, leading to distinct adaptations in behavior.
2828h agoGPR34 helps maintain microglia homeostasis, mediates the phagocytosis of myelin, and restrains microglial response to neurodegenerative disease conditions.
2832h agoA new functional atlas, rrAD420, was created using brain scans from 420 older adults, which provides detailed representations of brain network connectivity and can aid in the study of neurodegenerative processes and biomarker discovery.
2832h agoACSS2 plays a key role in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on fetal brain development and behavior.
2832h agoThe maximum achievable predictive accuracy of brain-phenotype associations using machine learning models may not be better than using demographic and nuisance covariates alone.
2832h agoPeroxisomes play a key role in regulating sleep by processing lipids and reducing oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species.
2832h agoThe auditory efferent system, which plays a role in auditory perception, is not well understood, but a new model that includes a medial olivocochlear efferent pathway can simulate the effects of sound on auditory-nerve responses.
2832h agoActivating CB2 receptors with specific antibody agonists reduces pain caused by chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice without causing tolerance or off-target effects.
2832h agoThe race model, which assumes dynamic competition among processes in separate channels, implies a certain inequality between associated probability distributions under general conditions.
2832h agoA scalable mass spectral search tool identifies known molecules and structural variants and reveals biosynthetic pathways in Streptomyces.
2836h agoResilience to stress comes from adaptive network reorganization in the brain, marked by preserved integrity in certain areas and enhanced inhibitory control, whereas susceptibility to stress involves distinct dysfunctions in brain structure and connectivity.
2836h agoDecision-making depends on two brain circuits that work together, with one circuit selecting actions based on their value and the other circuit evaluating the value of objects to predict reward.
2836h agoA positive feedback loop between oxidized phosphatidylcholine and IL-1β promotes chronic neurodegeneration in the central nervous system and may contribute to progressive multiple sclerosis.
2840h agoHigher heart rate variability is linked to greater BOLD fMRI signal variance, and this relationship may explain age-related decreases in BOLD fMRI signal variance.
2840h agoNeurons in area V4 that prefer 2D shapes also tend to prefer 3D surface shapes and object form, while neurons that prefer 2D texture tend to prefer flat surfaces.
2844h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
2844h agoThe brain controls the body through complex sensorimotor transformations, which researchers model using a new platform that simulates behavioral dynamics, biomechanics, and neural circuits. Wait, that is not a direct report. Here is the corrected sentence: A new platform models sensorimotor transformations underlying brain control of the body, using a pipeline that recapitulates natural movements in a biomechanical model. However, I think I can make it even simpler. Here is another version: A platform simulates how the brain controls the body by modeling movements and muscle activity. Let me check if I can make it even more concise: The brain controls body movements through complex muscle activity that can be simulated with a new platform. I think the best one is: A platform simulates how the brain controls the body by modeling movements and muscle activity.
2844h agoDeep learning models outperform traditional approaches in decoding brain signals for non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces, with a multi-class Siamese network achieving an average accuracy of 96.89%.
2844h agoFast Dynamical Similarity Analysis (fastDSA) provides a computationally efficient and accurate method for comparing the temporal structure of dynamical systems.
2844h agoA new diffusion transformer model generates 4D fMRI sequences that match task-evoked brain activity, preserving the structure and patterns observed in real data.
2844h agoA general protocol allows for the construction of experimental steady-state bifurcation diagrams for electrophysiologically active cells, enabling the validation of neuronal models and the observation of complex hidden states.
2844h agoGenerative Adversarial Networks can synthesize realistic resting-state EEG signals and extract useful features, enabling more accurate analysis with less data and computation.
2844h agoA geometric framework that analyzes neural network changes helps uncover neural mechanisms in social interactions by identifying critical transitions in network connectivity.
2844h agoA new thermoinformational formulation derives key thermodynamic variables from empirical microstate distributions, providing a data-driven description of system reorganization and information exchange.
2844h agoLarge language models converge on similar computational principles as the human brain, with improvements in model performance leading to brain-like hierarchies in language processing.
2844h agoStochasticity slows down the rotation of spiral waves in excitable media through two second-order effects: instantaneous heterogeneity and orbital drift.
2844h agoTau functions of the KP hierarchy satisfy an addition formula that expresses shifts of a tau function in terms of Wronskian determinants of wave functions.
2844h agoThe semiclassical limit of the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation turns all excitations in the spectrum into effective solitons for periodic single-lobe potentials.
2844h agoHyperuniformity in network design leads to advantages in transport efficiency and robustness, with hyperuniform-point-pattern-induced networks having smaller total effective resistances, faster random-walk mixing times, and fewer extreme-curvature edges than Poisson-point-pattern-induced networks.
2844h agoPlatforms have an incentive to inflate ratings to increase commission, but this incentive is limited by the need to maintain enough accuracy to keep trustworthy sellers in the market.
2844h agoSymmetric reservoir networks improve prediction accuracy for certain complex systems, especially when the input dimension is smaller than the number of degrees of freedom.
2844h agoA theoretical framework links option hedging and stock exposure to market turbulence, explaining how volatility amplifies during gamma-squeeze events through a feedback loop between market-maker hedging and price movements.
2844h agoClasses of Fredholm Pfaffians can be computed using canonical Riemann-Hilbert problems when their main kernel is of additive Hankel or truncated Wiener-Hopf type.
2844h agoAn exact renormalisation scheme for fermionic cellular automata on hypercubic lattices groups neighbouring cells into tiles and derives a condition for renormalisability.
2844h agoModulational instability and discrete breathers in a quasi-one-dimensional discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation with Lee-Huang-Yang corrections lead to various quantum droplet solutions with specific stability properties.
2844h agoDyNoSeD, a new framework, identifies unknown dynamical parameters from unordered, non-sequential data by minimizing Fokker-Planck residuals.
2844h agoThe Kuramoto model with heterogeneous phase lags on any weighted, directed, and signed graph has conserved quantities when specific connectivity conditions are met.
2844h agoOmnivory leads to complex ecological networks, and a minimal intraguild predation model reveals that Shilnikov homoclinic orbits emerge, triggering chaos and multiple coexistence modes.
2844h agoBayesian strategies that adapt to new evidence can resist invasion by reactive strategies and foster cooperation in social dilemmas, but their success depends on the strategies they compete with and the environmental conditions.
2844h agoGeneralized geodesic equations in curved spacetime include conservative forces, dissipative effects, and quantum-gravity corrections, which can lead to violations of the equivalence principle.
2844h agoElimination of a fast variable reduces stochastic dynamics with small inertia to a single-variable description, providing a rigorous mathematical framework for systems with linear and nonlinear dissipation.
2844h agoLazy cellular automata have a simple dynamical behavior, and their order depends on the choice of active transition and fixed symbol, with a general upper bound established for the order.
2844h agoCritical temperatures in the Ising model on random graphs are determined by the eigenvalues of the kernel operator associated with the graph limit.
2844h agoEvolving on-site disorder in non-Hermitian lattices changes wave transport by suppressing localization and creating diffusion-like spreading or jumpy wave evolution, depending on the disorder period.
2844h agoThe replica field theory for monitored quantum many-body systems reveals that the density matrix of multiple replicas evolves through a master equation with non-Hermitian and quantum jump terms, leading to an effective field theory that describes the average state and replica interactions.
2844h agoThe low-temperature dynamics of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model have a mixing time that grows exponentially with the system size.
2844h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the recall of forgotten memories by dynamically lowering the energy landscape of the neuronal network, allowing it to trap and recall stored memories that would otherwise be lost.
2844h agoNon-Hermitian systems with a skin effect exhibit a universal Anderson localization transition, belonging to the same universality class regardless of disorder distribution or Hamiltonian structure, with critical exponents nu = 1.50 and beta ~ 0.65.
2844h agoThe ground-state energy of a random elastic manifold exhibits atypical fluctuations that follow a central limit theorem, with a rescaled variance that depends on the interplay between confinement, elasticity, and disorder.
2844h agoNeuromorphic computing uses a non-linear physical system to reduce power consumption and speed up learning in artificial intelligence by replacing part of a large neural network.
2844h agoDisorder and non-linear instabilities complicate phenomena like friction and earthquakes, and a new theory explains how flow starts and hysteresis occurs in these systems.
2844h agoNeural network learning dynamics converge to the same behavior as with simple Gaussian inputs, even when complex real-world data is modeled as a mixture of Gaussian distributions, when proper standardization is used.
2844h agoEmpirical risk minimization in over-parametrized two-layer neural networks with quadratic activations leads to capacity control through a low-rank structure in learned feature maps, yielding precise generalization thresholds.
2844h agoOctopus arms' neural networks respond to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in specific ways, with glutamate and dopamine being dominant excitatory drivers, and serotonin modulating these responses in a state-dependent manner.
2844h agoThe colonial hydrozoan Nanomia septata uses a simple nervous system in its stem to coordinate the swimming of its multiple bells, allowing it to move in both forward and reverse directions.
2848h agoRecalling past events involves a reverse spatiotemporal hierarchy in the brain, where high-order visual and auditory areas are activated before primary sensory areas.
2848h agoSCA48 mutations disrupt CHIP's dual functions in a domain-dependent manner, causing loss of protein stability, substrate ubiquitination, and co-chaperone activity, which leads to clinical heterogeneity.
2852h agoTDP-43 nuclear depletion disrupts synaptic transmission and neurite outgrowth by causing de-repression of cryptic exons in multiple transcripts, and a therapeutic approach using U7 snRNA can suppress this mis-splicing and restore target gene expression.
2852h agoImplanting the Onyx Frontier Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent in small, tortuous blood vessels in the brain is technically feasible and has a good 30-day safety profile.
2856h agoA deep learning-based toolbox accurately predicts the topographic organization of the human visual cortex from standard structural MRI scans, enabling large-scale studies of individual differences.
2864h agoTop-down feedback helps store relevant visual memories in early visual cortex, making them robust to distraction, whereas short-term synaptic plasticity only briefly remembers any input from the visual system, regardless of relevance.
2864h agoNeural oscillations above 100 Hz encode hierarchical prediction errors, with local prediction-error signals occurring early in lateral auditory regions and global prediction-error signals occurring later in both lateral auditory and frontal cortices.
2864h agoRats adjust the format of working memory to reduce cognitive load by switching between distinct neural circuits to store information in the most economical internal format.
2864h agoCRISPR-mediated genome editing technology can treat neurological disorders like Huntington's disease by directly editing neurons in the brain, and a new delivery method called Neuro-PERC shows promise in achieving this.
2872h agoAnastrozole, a drug that inhibits Aromatase, protects against tauopathy by reducing oxidative stress and Tau phosphorylation through a mechanism that involves the enzyme CYP4V2, not Aromatase activity.
2872h agoDelivering a stabilized Neurogenin2 variant directly to the retina efficiently converts Muller glia into multiple types of retinal neurons, which can integrate into existing retinal circuitry and exhibit electrical properties of retinal neurons.
2872h agoA new tool called PKU tags allows for distinguishing among various neuronal cell types, enabling the labeling of multiple cell types and tracing of neuronal circuits.
2880h agoNeuronal APOE4 alone is sufficient to promote pathological tau accumulation, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation, driving Alzheimer's disease pathologies.
2880h agoA simple local homeostatic synaptic scaling rule enables neural circuits to self-organize and maintain stable information transmission across layers without external fine-tuning.
2880h agoThe GABABR1a and 1b isoforms are differentially expressed among brain cell types, with GABABR1a expression highest in oligodendrocytes and GABABR1b expression highest in astrocytes.
2880h agoBrain-computer interface decoding skill is driven by local sensorimotor rhythm signal fidelity from the dominant hand area, not by global brain network integration.
2880h agoApplying anti-phase transcranial alternating stimulation to the pre-supplementary motor cortex suppresses beta oscillations and alters motor behavior.
2880h agoActivating both MC3R and MC4R receptors in the melanocortin system helps regulate food intake and leads to substantial metabolic effects, including weight loss.
2880h agoPrenatal exposure to transient hypoxia disrupts normal brain development, causing changes in gene expression and chromatin that can lead to long-term functional deficits, particularly in glutamatergic neurons.
2888h agoTranscranial Radio Frequency Stimulation (TRFS) non-invasively modulates deep brain tissue by using radio frequency energy to suppress or excite neuronal activity.
2888h agoThe cerebral cortex of primates has a conserved yet differentiated organization across species, with similar patterns of cortical geometry and structural connectivity in sensory and motor regions, but divergence in association cortices.
2888h agoPrenatal maternal stress leads to changes in DNA methylation and gene expression in the brain, increasing pain sensitivity in offspring through altered neuronal and brain development.
2888h agoThe hippocampus develops internal self-referenced spatial representations after external landmark-based representations, with a balanced integration between the two occurring around the mid-fourth postnatal week.
2888h agoThe medial temporal subsystem of the default mode network encodes the specific visual details of imagined autobiographical scenes.
2888h agoLipid changes in the blood can indicate Alzheimer's disease risk, with specific lipid patterns differing in people with and without a genetic mutation that can cause the disease.
2892h agoActivation of G protein-coupled receptor 37 at the spinal level erases spinal pain memory and resolves long-lasting, enhanced pain.
2896h agoFentanyl intake alters gene expression in the habenula and amygdala, two brain regions involved in opioid use and withdrawal, leading to changes in synaptic transmission, metabolic functions, and risk for substance use disorders.
2896h agoA deep learning framework integrating diffusion MRI and light-sheet microscopy generates a whole-brain cell type atlas at 10 micrometer isotropic resolution, linking dMRI metrics with gene expression-based cell types.
2900h agoA fat body-brain axis, involving the CCHa2 gene and insulin-producing cells, regulates sleep duration and intensity in response to nutrient signals.
2900h agoThe expansion of a specific DNA sequence in the C9orf72 gene causes a form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and researchers have found that a protein called chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) helps these toxic proteins enter and spread between cells.
2900h agoPFC GABAergic neurons encode task variables, including movement, baseline activity, and punished outcomes, but their encoding does not directly reflect behavioral control.
2904h agoThe brain controls movement and decision-making separately, with distinct time-cost signals invigorating each, rather than jointly optimizing a global utility.
2904h agoSleep-like slow waves in brain activity are linked to poorer performance in perceptual decision-making tasks in stroke patients.
2904h agoCortical tubers in tuberous sclerosis complex arise through the coalescence of microtubers orchestrated by balloon cells and reactive gliosis during brain development.
2904h agoThe Jendrassik maneuver and motor imagery decrease and modulate the H-reflex and cortical activity, with effects on mu-rhythm and event-related potentials that vary by task.
2904h agoA developmentally-inspired model, comprising three interacting modules, achieves face recognition performance comparable to standard deep convolutional neural networks by mimicking how humans, particularly infants, learn to recognize faces.
2904h agoA transient increase in the aperiodic exponent, indicating a shift towards reduced local excitation-to-inhibition ratio, and impairment of theta oscillation prevalence and regularity in the hippocampus predict the development of temporal lobe epilepsy after a potentially epileptogenic insult.
2904h agoTheta oscillations support core working memory functions, and alpha oscillations help older adults compensate for age-related declines through flexible strategies.
2904h agoCannabis withdrawal increases the lateral habenula's response to unpleasant and threatening stimuli, likely due to an imbalance in its normal functioning, which may contribute to feelings of anxiety and unease.
2904h agoKetamine disrupts corollary discharge signaling in the lateral prefrontal cortex, which impairs the brain's ability to predict and suppress the sensory consequences of its own actions.
2904h agoAging compromises the fidelity and stability of the head-direction system, leading to larger angular errors and increased heading uncertainty in spatial navigation.
2904h agoContextual unfamiliarity after drug use drives the formation of brain receptors that mediate relapse vulnerability.
2904h agoSleep duration influences how brain patterns during learning are reactivated during memory retrieval, and this effect varies by age and brain region.
2904h agoMastering addition and subtraction calculations improves with age in school-aged children, linked to increased neural activity in the right parieto-occipital region, particularly showing different developmental patterns for addition and subtraction.
2908h agoBrain age gaps can predict developmental trajectories of youth cognition and behavior, with children with ADHD showing delayed maturation and accelerated maturation linked to high cognition and low symptoms.
2908h agoHumans adapt their learning to match the type of changes in their environment, adjusting their learning rate based on whether changes occur abruptly or gradually.
2908h agoChildren with lower visual working memory capacity are more susceptible to task-irrelevant auditory distractors, especially in those with ADHD, and this relationship is affected by the level of audiovisual competition.
2908h agoBrain activity in the left posterior putamen during learning predicts whether individuals use a goal-directed or habitual strategy to control their behavior.
2908h agoNDNF+ interneurons regulate cortical excitability and suppress seizures by restraining hyperexcitability through GABAB receptor signalling.
2908h agoA functional atlas of the dog brain, created by applying spatially constrained spectral clustering to fMRI data, reveals reproducible and coherent brain organization across scales, with optimal results at intermediate resolutions of 100-140 parcels.
2920h agoSynaptopodin regulates the cytoskeleton, intracellular calcium, and is crucial for long-term potentiation and learning, and its knockout in rats leads to reduced long-term potentiation, altered dendritic spine structure, and disrupted inhibitory synapse distribution.
2932h agoMitochondrial scaffold A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) regulates retinal ganglion cell resilience and axon regeneration, and its restoration preserves vision in glaucoma models.
2932h agoNutrient deprivation induces autophagy-dependent remodeling of the synaptic proteome, which helps neurons preserve proteostasis under metabolic stress through a Rab5b-mediated trafficking mechanism.
2932h agoAtaxin-2 downregulation protects against TDP-43 toxicity by rewiring metabolism to activate alternative energy production pathways in brain cells under stress.
2932h agoIncreasing DNM2 expression in muscle improves motor function in a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, but precise dosage is critical as too much DNM2 can worsen muscle pathology.
2932h agoPrimary sensory cortex plays an adaptive and flexible role that changes with learning and context, reshaping perception, behavior and brain function.
2936h agoAcetylcholine release in the cortex plays a key role in switching between tasks, and cholinergic input to the cortex encodes task-dependent signals, enabling the accumulation of sensory evidence.
2936h agoSemantic and phonological information in verbal short-term memory are maintained in separate brain regions, with semantic information mainly in the temporal lobe and phonological information in widespread areas including temporal, frontal, and parietal regions.
2936h agoBilinguals' use of their second language shapes their ability to selectively focus attention and filter out interference, with active users showing more efficient inhibitory control and resilience to interference.
2936h agoThe brain's motor cortex uses coordinated activity across different layers to encode and reuse information, enabling multiplexing, as shown by recordings from macaque monkeys performing a complex task.
2936h agoSerotonin levels increase in the nucleus accumbens during aggression and this increase inhibits certain neurons to suppress attacks.
2936h agoThe ventral CA3 to ventral CA1 brain pathway plays a key role in regulating anxiety-like behavior, while both ventral CA3 to ventral CA1 and entorhinal cortex to ventral CA1 pathways regulate fear-related behavior.
2936h agoA specific neural signal, likely regulated by the locus coeruleus, implements a network reset in reward learning structures after negative feedback, increasing uncertainty and exploration tendency.
2936h agoThe posterior parietal cortex and frontal cortices support generalization of knowledge across tasks in working memory, with different regions handling active and passive task demands.
2936h agoEpisodic memory in children emerges from coordinated brain state sequences that bridge online encoding with offline consolidation, supporting memory formation through dynamic neural flexibility.
2936h agoInferring intentions from observed actions or written sentences involves a network of brain regions that combines conceptual action and object information with mental state representation.
2936h agoEarly blind individuals have enhanced pitch discrimination due to reduced internal noise, but show equivalent tone detection abilities as sighted individuals.
2936h agoThe brain represents multiple elements of a sequence of future actions simultaneously in separate neural subspaces, allowing for flexible and dynamic planning through probabilistic inference.
2936h agoThe Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire model simulates multiple firing patterns in neurons, including Tonic Spiking, Adapting, Initial Bursting, Busting, Transient Spiking, and Delayed Spiking.
2940h agoLarge language models can be designed to process moral meaning by embedding it directly into their architecture through top-down design principles.
2940h agoA new framework constructs combinatorial complexes from fMRI time series data, capturing both pairwise and higher-order neural interactions through information-theoretic measures.
2940h agoA non-invasive brain-computer interface uses visual stimuli and single-channel EEG data to reconstruct simple imagined shapes within two minutes, and transforms them into realistic visual representations.
2940h agoMeditation practice called jhana shifts neural dynamics towards criticality, a state between order and chaos, characterized by increased neural signal diversity, reduced chaoticity, and heightened deviance detection.
2940h agoThe brain uses a distinct prediction error signal, called absence prediction error, to detect the absence of a stimulus, and this signal is encoded in the auditory thalamus and cortex.
2940h agoThalamic atrophy, independent of lesion damage, affects information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis.
2940h agoA state-of-the-art method stabilizes brain networks modelled from EEG data, effectively suppressing seizure activity in 34 out of 35 episodes from patients.
2940h agoBiological principles can inform the design of efficient AI algorithms, offering scalability to millions of neurons without compromising learning performance.
2940h agoNeural networks trained independently develop similar internal representations, and this convergence is largely driven by shared input statistics and architectural biases, not the final task solution.
2940h agoCategory learning enhances discrimination between stimuli close to the category boundary by inducing an expansion of neural space near decision boundaries.
2940h agoNew strategies compute recurrence quantification analysis measures directly from time series or phase space vectors, reducing run times, memory use, and energy consumption while maintaining accuracy.
2940h agoChimera states in complex systems follow distinct scaling laws as they evolve, with the incoherent core radius scaling linearly and the average total positive winding number growing exponentially with the phase lag.
2940h agoThe generalized mKdV equation corresponds well with the KdV equation, and its static equations include the sn differential equation, with solutions connected by a special Lie group transformation.
2940h agoPrioritizing education yields the most positive spillover effects across the development network, according to a study that modeled the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals as a Networked Dynamical System.
2940h agoBreaking permutation symmetry with non-uniform interactions leads to new dynamical behaviors, including thermalization, as the system's behavior changes from a permutation symmetric model to a short-range integrable model as the interaction range decreases.
2940h agoPolychromatic solutions exist for cubically nonlinear Maxwell equations in dispersive media, describing localized, TM-polarized waves with temporal decay in a waveguide geometry.
2940h agoThe IDyNSD framework identifies unknown dynamical parameters from unordered, non-sequential data by minimizing Fokker-Planck residuals, providing two complementary routes for system identification.
2940h agoStokes' phenomenon emerges naturally in discrete equations from corresponding continuous differential equations as their order increases.
2940h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a disordered background, with the solitons arising from Bogoliubov quasiparticles and stationary solutions forming "KdV rocks" from normal electrons/holes.
2940h agoA sharp criterion for the stability of minimal compact solitons is established based on the nonlinearity and eigenspace projection, and it is applied to specific lattices to demonstrate stability and engineering possibilities.
2940h agoThe model describes how predator-prey interactions affect the size distribution of two populations over time using a kinetic framework based on Boltzmann-type equations.
2940h agoActive turbulence occurs in dense monolayers of motile unicellular algae, producing chaotic flows and unique patterns, with strongly non-Gaussian velocity distributions and power-law kinetic energy spectra.
2940h agoHyperuniformity in network design leads to advantages in transport efficiency and robustness, with hyperuniform-point-pattern-induced networks having smaller total effective resistances, faster random-walk mixing times, and fewer extreme-curvature edges than Poisson-point-pattern-induced networks.
2940h agoGenerative models can accelerate the design and discovery of new functional materials by integrating desired properties into the generation process, and a new framework called CrystaLLM-{\pi} achieves this by directly incorporating continuous property representations into its attention mechanism.
2940h agoAcoustic neural networks, which use sound waves to perform computation, can be systematically designed and trained to achieve low-power computation, enabling accurate speech classification with up to 95% accuracy.
2940h agoThe melting point of a crystal is largely determined by the cooperativity of the resulting liquid, which causes viscosities and relaxation times to vary by up to nine decades, rather than just the Lindemann criterion.
2940h agoComplex symmetric random matrices with Gaussian entries have a joint distribution of complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors that can be expressed in a closed form for any matrix size.
2940h agoTwisted bismuth bilayers exhibit a 10-fold increase in electronic density of states at the Fermi level at their edges, which can vastly increase superconducting critical temperature.
2940h agoDisorder correlations in certain high-dimensional graphs lead to robust multifractal states with a broad distribution of multifractality, characterized by a qualitative difference in scaling between mean and typical inverse participation ratios.
2940h agoThe renormalization group techniques reveal universal aspects of signal detection in nearly-continuous positive spectra, highlighting a maximum entropy model with large-scale and small-scale regimes and a universal relation between phase transition and symmetry breaking.
2940h agoA general framework links transition graphs to microscopic parameters of interacting hysterons, allowing understanding of statistical properties and design of pathways and memory effects in materials.
2940h agoTransitions in complex quantum systems from chaotic to integrable phases show sharp changes in complexity, but different markers of complexity can reveal these transitions at different critical points.
2940h agoCortical circuits generate and adjust planned movements by using internal network states to shape behavior, and fluctuations in these states explain variations in reaction time and movement inhibition.
2944h agoThe sensorimotor system uses a consistent control strategy to weight position and velocity feedback similarly for both walking and standing tasks.
2948h agoHallucinogenic psychedelics trigger a distinct global signalling response in neural cells, characterised by a coordinated reorganisation of protein phosphorylation patterns, which separates them from non-hallucinogenic counterparts.
2948h agoThe olfactory bulb's glomeruli have a stable map of activity that is shaped by multiple inputs and is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease, leading to loss of functional inhomogeneity.
2948h agoThe regenerative ability of mammalian vestibular organs is limited because their junctional actin cables have different properties than those in birds, which allow for greater plasticity and cellular regeneration.
2948h agoAdult stem cells in the central nervous system can change into a different type of cell and help repair damaged nerve fibers by becoming a type of cell that normally only exists in the peripheral nervous system.
2948h agoThe mouse optic tract lacks fine-scale retinotopy, maintaining only a broad topographic structure with retinal ganglion cell axons showing rough rather than precise spatial organization.
2952h agoTrigeminal neuralgia mouse model with intradural nerve root compression shows orofacial neuropathic pain, increased spontaneous activity in trigeminal ganglia, and neuroinflammation.
2952h agoOligodendrocytes and myelin help improve neuronal deficits in Alzheimer's Disease by supporting energy metabolism and reducing oxidative damage.
2952h agoNeural sensitivity to weak electric fields depends on the type of input used to drive cell activity and the statistics of the received inputs.
2952h agoActivating or inhibiting PBN neurons expressing Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide modulates anxiety-like behavior in a sex- and stress-specific way during alcohol withdrawal.
2952h agoStrokes cause lasting motor deficits, and intensive training partly improves motor function, but mostly leads to compensatory use of the unaffected side, however, it also promotes a specific neural pathway that supports motor recovery.
2952h agoPyramidal neurons in the hippocampus have different types of inputs with distinct properties, which are mapped and found to have a molecular logic that underlies their organization.
2952h agoScientists have developed a cell-based test that can measure human prion infectivity, allowing for the study of prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, in a laboratory setting.
2952h agoActivation of glutamatergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area suppresses hippocampal sharp-wave ripples during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, and may play a role in altering memory consolidation.
2952h agoSocial experience regulates social decision-making when animals are sick, and certain brain regions and behavioural phenotypes play a role in this process.
2952h agoPsychedelic drugs disrupt local brain region synchrony and alter global functional connectivity by acting on different molecular and cellular targets.
2952h agoSynesthesia generates extra conscious percepts, such as seeing color when reading numbers, and brain responses show that synesthetes' pupil reactions to these colors are similar to their reactions to real colors.
2952h agoAutism's white-matter organisation shows a dimensional and individually patterned architecture, with stable, person-specific deviations from shared neurodevelopmental pathways linked to behavioural variation among autistic individuals.
2956h agoCriticality, a state that maximizes computational capacity and adaptability, is a universal principle of brain function that applies to systems of any dimensionality.
2956h agoSubcortical sensorimotor networks can compute musculoskeletal dynamics to initiate reaching in humans, transforming target information into precisely coordinated muscle activations.
2956h agoInfant brain networks mature rapidly and differently across various brain systems, with visual and cerebellar systems showing the fastest development and motor/attention systems changing more gradually.
2956h agoLosartan does not improve task-switching performance in healthy adults, but may have a specific benefit for accuracy on certain types of switch trials.
2956h agoBiophysically detailed neuron models enable direct end-to-end training of spiking neural networks on image classification, regression, and time series prediction tasks through standard backpropagation.
2956h agoNeurons in high-grade human gliomas are more electronically active and have altered synaptic responses, and this heightened activity is linked to faster tumor growth.
2960h agoA new method called ReForm adjusts reference intervals for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve accuracy when applying to new samples.
2960h agoA machine-learning-based decoder offers a strategy for rectifying errors in logic quantum circuits, which helps bring reliable and fault-tolerant quantum systems closer to reality.
2960h agoBrain activity changes as people shift from imagining external tasks to internal thoughts, with different networks activated when imagining social versus solitary activities.
2960h agoSynaptic MEMOIR enables imaging of neuronal projections in animal brains with single-synapse resolution, allowing mapping of neural wiring diagrams across large brain volumes.
2960h agoThe brain extracts information about object identities and their dynamics by comparing predicted sensory signals with actual inputs to guide behavior.
2960h agoMutations in the neurexin gene family lead to paralog-specific behavioural alterations in zebrafish, including changes in social behaviour, aggression, and anxiety-like behaviours, despite normal early development.
2960h agoChildren with developmental dyslexia can have different cognitive profiles, with some having difficulties in executive functioning and processing speed, and others in verbal short-term memory and word retrieval, despite similar reading impairments.
2960h agoDomain-general cognition affects conclusions about distinct neuroanatomy for specific cognitive functions when not accounted for in lesion-deficit mapping.
2960h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
2964h agoEveryday human-computer interactions can be used to track and assess mental health, and a new machine-learning framework called MAILA can accurately predict mental health states from digital activity.
2964h agoMIMIC-MJX, a new framework, learns neural control policies from kinematics to model how the nervous system controls movement and behavior.
2964h agoReducing mitochondrial efficiency in glial cells drives sustained depolarization, ATP collapse, and elevated ROS, leading to tumor-like transitions that mimic glioblastoma.
2964h agoNeural data can legitimately inform welfare judgements for policy when the neural-computational mapping is well validated, the decision model identifies true interests, and the welfare criterion is explicitly specified and defended.
2964h agoLarge multi-modal models fail to identify when and where interactions between objects and agents begin or end in videos, despite being able to describe objects, surroundings, and actions.
2964h agoTraumatic Brain Injury causes pathological degradation at various biological levels, and a new continuum framework models the mechano-chemical interactions underlying this process, identifying key biomarkers and potential targets for treatment.
2964h agoBifurcation parameters from a brain network model distinguish between brain states associated with resting and task-based conditions.
2964h agoThe Brain-Muscle-Hand Interface (BMHI) decodes brain signals to reconstruct muscle activity, enabling natural and continuous control of a myoelectric interface, achieving a prediction accuracy of 0.79 and outperforming conventional brain-computer interfaces.
2964h agoAutism spectrum disorder involves a reorganization of brain network dynamics, characterized by a redistribution of coevolutionary energy, particularly within the default mode network and its interactions with other networks.
2964h agoDopamine facilitates movement by disinhibiting the thalamus and has a complex, region-specific effect on signal-to-noise ratio within the Cortico-Striatal-Thalamo-Cortical loop.
2964h agoDecoded Neurofeedback (DecNef) simulations can now be done using DecNefLab, a new framework that helps researchers understand and improve DecNef, a non-invasive approach to brain modulation.
2964h agoRecurrence microstate probabilities improve the accuracy of machine learning algorithms in classifying dynamical systems and colored noise by reducing dimensions, computational time, and memory usage.
2964h agoHamiltonian systems that satisfy the Lagrange identity have extra tensor invariants beyond the basic ones that all Hamiltonian systems have.
2964h agoCyclonic systems in the North Atlantic are more persistent, numerous, and longer-lived than anticyclonic systems, with both types showing strong winter maxima and summer minima in intensity, lifetime, and frequency.
2964h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem formalism for the Camassa-Holm equation under periodic boundary conditions is developed, representing the solution in terms of the solution of the associated Riemann-Hilbert problem and initial data.
2964h agoA model of active individuals shows that natural flocks and swarms exhibit scale invariance and can have high and low polarization while staying spatially homogeneous.
2964h agoLoss of immunity and environmental factors cause multiannual cycles of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, which can be disrupted by interventions and are hard to predict long-term.
2964h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in a coupled oscillator system lead to new dynamical states, including traveling chimera, run-and-chase, and coexistence phases, and alter the state diagram of the chimera state.
2964h agoNon-Hermitian topology protects transport in one-dimensional systems up to a substantial critical disorder strength, and a sharp phase transition to Anderson localization occurs beyond this point.
2964h agoSpin-current noise dominates skyrmion dynamics in typical racetrack structures up to room temperature, affecting stochastic motion and error sources in high-speed racetrack memory devices.
2964h agoSurface states of a bulk class-CI topological lattice model can be Anderson localized by weak quenched randomness and hybridization with an additional trivial 2D band.
2964h agoThe two-dimensional Ising spin glass has a line of renormalization group fixed points that corresponds to a one-generator continuous internal symmetry, which explains why it has no finite temperature transition to a spin glass phase.
2964h agoThe enhancement factor in wavefront shaping has giant fluctuations in the strongly scattering regime due to long-range mesoscopic correlations.
2964h agoMagnetic fields suppress the non-Hermitian skin effect in two-dimensional lattices by mitigating or suppressing boundary mode accumulation through mechanisms such as bulk localization and restoration of effective reciprocity.
2964h agoThe sound quanta in simple liquids at low temperatures have a new excitation spectrum with phonon-like dispersion and additional excitations with gaps in pseudo-momentum space.
2964h agoRydberg tweezer arrays with positional disorder and dimerization exhibit a localized phase that does not resemble standard Many-Body Localization (MBL), hosting an extensive fraction of Symmetry Protected Topological (SPT) states.
2964h agoA new statistical mechanics ensemble identifies a cluster of connected solutions in constraint satisfaction problems, revealing a transition point where paths of solutions break apart.
2964h agoStealthy disorder in one-dimensional Anderson model leads to localization lengths exceeding the system size at fixed disorder strength, enabling effective delocalization.
2964h agoConcentration difficulties, self-hatred, and irritability are key symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders in at-risk adolescents, and are linked to specific brain regions, namely the pallidum and nucleus accumbens.
2964h agoLactate metabolism helps support neurons and its disruption contributes to neurodegeneration risk by causing motor decline and interacting with ALS genetic risk.
2964h agoEarly life stress causes lasting changes in the brain, specifically an accumulation of a certain type of histone modification, which affects males and females differently and leads to social and cognitive problems.
2964h agoA new framework for image synthesis reveals a more selective mapping between individual layers of a convolutional neural network and specific brain regions, allowing researchers to understand how the brain processes images.
2964h agoPrior experience guides behavior in new situations by creating stable hippocampal representations that enable generalization, allowing for rapid adaptation to novel environments.
2964h agoThe brain's functional networks become more organized and consistent in structure between 0-6 months of age, with most networks showing increased neural engagement and varied changes in their spatial distribution.
2964h agoMutations in GRIN2A and AKAP11 genes cause distinct and often opposite changes in striatal dopamine signaling and behavior, leading to abnormal locomotion and neural activity.
2964h agoThe brain's large-scale networks become more spatially organized and refined during the first six months of life, converging towards a standard architecture.
2964h agoNPC1 disease causes neurodegeneration in the olfactory system, leading to decreased olfactory sensory neurons, increased neuroinflammation, and impaired odorant responses.
2968h agoHormonal changes across the menstrual cycle influence whole-brain structural dynamics.
2976h agoGonadal hormones influence brain structure across a person's lifespan by causing fluctuations in brain volume that are shaped by different hormonal conditions.
2976h agoEmotional experiences are recalled with similar feelings, and brain activity shows that a stable core of emotions is preserved from perception to memory, with context-dependent changes added during recall.
2976h agoPeople's performance varies throughout the day based on their chronotype, with early chronotypes performing better in the morning and late chronotypes performing better in the evening, and this pattern persists even when individuals follow their preferred sleep schedules.
2976h agoThe dorsal medulla has a special vascular network that connects two key brain areas, allowing directed transfer of signals from the nucleus of the solitary tract to the area postrema.
2976h agoEmotion regulation strategies are linked to distinct cortical oscillatory systems, and interpersonal dispositions such as attachment anxiety and avoidance influence their neural implementation.
2976h agoThe i3Neurosphere culture model enables high-throughput imaging of hundreds of axons in human cortical neurons, allowing study of microtubule dynamics and cargo motility.
2976h agoPhosphorylated tau protein changes microtubule function and neural circuit activity, leading to altered behavior, whereas unphosphorylated tau stabilizes microtubules.
2976h agoHypovolemia triggers vasoconstriction of parenchymal arterioles in the supraoptic nucleus through an AVP-mediated mechanism that remains intact in heart failure.
2976h agoComplement activation increases after acute ischemic stroke, with different complement pathways showing distinct patterns over time, and specific markers associated with patient outcomes.
2976h agoVascular dementia alters one-carbon metabolism and gene expression in brain tissue, with differences in effects between males and females.
2976h agoMutations in Ank3 disrupt the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the cortex, leading to impaired sensory processing, abnormal synchronization, and selective affective and regulatory deficits.
2976h agoChoroid plexus apocrine secretion changes the protein composition of cerebrospinal fluid during mouse brain development.
2980h agoA genome-wide association study discovers 23 new genetic locations linked to bipolar disorder and identifies 39 genes and cell types that may play a role in the condition.
2984h agoListeners use prediction to break down continuous speech into hierarchical linguistic units, and their brain activity is modulated by linguistic features such as surprisal and entropy reduction.
2984h agoMaternal distress during pregnancy and early childhood is associated with changes in brain structure in 5-year-old children, with prenatal and postnatal distress linked to different brain regions.
2984h agoLong-lived proteins at synapses help stabilize them, and changes in these proteins, influenced by sex and experience, may regulate memory and contribute to psychiatric risk.
2984h agoExpectation-related signals are strongest in deep layers of the auditory cortex, while stimulus drive and expectation are strongest in superficial layers, and repetition suppression affects all layers equally.
2984h agoPunishment learning reorganizes brain networks, creating a network anchored by the amygdala, subthalamic hypothalamic zone, and ventral midbrain tegmentum, which enables adaptive avoidance of harmful actions.
2984h agoLack of Bassoon in GABAergic interneurons leads to reduced brain activity and severe learning impairment, while lack of Bassoon in glutamatergic forebrain neurons increases brain activity and enhances learning.
2984h agoThe amygdala's different types of neurons respond distinctly to social dominance cues, with specific clusters of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons activated by dominant or subordinate olfactory signals.
2984h agoThalamoprefrontal circuit activity shifts from anticipatory to preparatory periods as learning progresses, and distinct connectivity patterns in this circuit distinguish learners from non-learners in both mice and humans.
2984h agoClimbing fibers in the cerebellum can change their structure in response to activity, and this process affects synaptic transmission and may contribute to encoding memories.
2984h agoBody signals functionally drive cognition through a thermodynamic sequence where brain-body resonance acts as a discrete gate triggering non-linear information integration.
2988h agoPsychedelics like psilocybin reorganize brain connectivity, and a new multimodal graph fusion network called Brain-MGF can distinguish psilocybin from no-psilocybin conditions with over 74% accuracy using EEG and fMRI data.
2988h agoNutraceuticals, bioactive compounds from food sources, offer a promising prospect for preventing and treating ischemic stroke by activating protective pathways and reducing key drivers of injury.
2988h agoMultiDiffNet, a diffusion-based framework, learns a compact latent space to decode electroencephalography (EEG) and achieves state-of-the-art generalization across various neural decoding tasks.
2988h agoA novel brain-inspired transformer model, called RCCT, improves unsupervised domain adaptation performance by using a core-periphery structure to control information exchange between image patches, achieving top performance on several benchmarks.
2988h agoA unified framework called Perceptogram decodes images from EEG signals using a simple linear decoder and reveals interpretable EEG feature maps that support visual perception.
2988h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
2988h agoA model of perceptual decision making uses efficient sensory encoding and Bayesian decoding of neural activity to generate choices and response times from visual stimuli.
2988h agoArtificial Intelligence helps classify spikes in brain signal data, which is important for understanding diseases and human-computer interaction, by assisting in the accurate identification of neural activity noises.
2988h agoEfficient information transfer in natural flocks during collective turns arises from non-reciprocal local interactions, and a wave propagating across the flock undergoes scattering.
2988h agoA direct linearisation scheme leads to an elliptic parametrisation of the lattice CKP equation, allowing construction of elliptic solutions and elliptic multi-soliton solutions.
2988h agoStable multipole-mode solitons with an arbitrarily high number of lobes exist in a two-dimensional optical medium with defocusing saturable nonlinearity and an annular potential trough.
2988h agoA phase reduction method for reaction-diffusion systems with a discrete delay is developed, allowing for the analysis of oscillatory systems with spatial degrees of freedom and delay.
2988h agoEquations have three-soliton solutions if they meet specific conditions on the powers of their Hirota D-operators, and certain types of equations can also have lump and hybrid solutions.
2988h agoThe Stuart-Landau oscillator system in 3 and 4 dimensions exhibits emergent dynamical phenomena, including synchronization, multistability, and partial amplitude death or oscillation death, depending on whether rotational symmetry is preserved or broken.
2988h agoThe spectrum of a periodic non-self-adjoint Dirac operator depends on a semiclassical parameter, with bounds on the spectrum providing sharp estimates and a condition ensuring spectral confinement to the real and imaginary axes.
2988h agoTaping the ends of data-driven algorithms with weighted averages makes them converge much faster, and this simple change can deliver better results without extra cost.
2988h agoThe kicked-Ising model, used as a quantum battery, achieves maximal charging and shows remarkable robustness against disorder.
2988h agoAn autocatalytic mechanism proposes that bursts of Hawking radiation from evaporating micro-primordial black holes trigger the collapse of plasma overdensities, forming new black holes and producing a stochastic gravitational-wave background.
2988h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert method is used to analyze a family of Painlev\'e functions, obtaining their asymptotic behavior, which is related to the moments of the Riemann zeta function and the Hardy Z-function.
2988h agoA unified framework analyzes how discrete-time complex networks respond to external signals, and finds that network architecture and input-output node selection shape information flow.
2988h agoThe LMC statistical complexity measure fails to identify states of high structural complexity in a two-dimensional XY model, often assigning maximal complexity to nearly equilibrated configurations while underestimating complex vortex-rich states.
2988h agoLocalized field configurations with finite energy exist in a 2+1 dimensional model, characterized by a U(1) frequency and winding number, and possessing Noether charge and non-trivial angular momentum.
2988h agoStationary compact fluxon profiles exist as exact solutions in an inductively coupled and dc-biased Josephson junction ladder, and they have distinct properties depending on their symmetry and topological charge.
2988h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) accurately predict bifurcation phenomena in ecological migration models and provide deeper insights into underlying dynamics, offering a flexible and efficient alternative to traditional numerical methods.
2988h agoFour nonidentical phase oscillators with repulsive coupling can exhibit all possible modes of frequency synchronization, including global, cluster, and switching regimes, depending on the coupling strength and natural frequency mismatch.
2988h agoA new model-driven approach predicts epidemic dynamics by exploiting real data and the multiscale structure of infection dynamics, providing robust predictions of viral load kinetics.
2988h agoEvolutionarily stable strategy definitions for asymmetric games differ in how they relate to fixed points of the replicator equation, and some definitions are equivalent.
2988h agoIsomonodromic deformations of irregular-singular connections on complex curves are classified using new mathematical tools, including reflections cosets and "fission" trees, leading to a complete classification of hyperplane arrangements and new insights into complex reflection groups.
2988h agoA modeling framework for binary-choice dynamics reveals that individual-level diversity can be effectively ignored under certain conditions, and that annealed and quenched dynamics are equivalent when a specific constraint on transition probabilities is met.
2988h agoThe Fredkin spin chain lacks local conserved charges, making it a nonintegrable model, and this nonintegrability persists even when some of its Hamiltonian terms are removed.
2988h agoLarge AI models can avoid overfitting and improve performance on unseen data as they grow, a phenomenon called double descent, and analog physical systems can exhibit this behavior too.
2988h agoRandom-matrix theory helps to separate signal from noise in large data sets by showing that the singular value density obeys a quartic equation with explicit asymptotics in the strong-signal regime.
2988h agoContrastive Local Learning Networks, analog networks of self-adjusting nonlinear resistors, can perform simple reinforcement learning tasks using Q-learning, making them potentially useful for energy-limited autonomous agents in uncertain environments.
2988h agoThe positivization of one-dimensional $J_1 -J_2$ model ground states in strongly frustrated regimes depends on the boundary conditions and parity of the simulated spin chains.
2988h agoOptical phase-change materials enable compact and efficient reconfigurability in photonic devices, and a new platform using these materials achieves simultaneous control of up to 25 matrix elements in multi-port devices.
2988h agoA new method accurately captures the mechanical response of glassy polymers, like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), across more than twenty decades in frequency.
2988h agoA new procedure approximates the universal density functional in density functional theory by first applying Moreau-Yosida regularization and then using a neural network, producing a differentiable and mathematically consistent approximation.
2988h agoThe glass transition can be predicted from changes in the structure factor's realizability, even if the structure factor itself only changes slightly.
2988h agoThe local moment susceptibility in doped semiconductors exhibits a robust power-law behavior across the metal-insulator transition.
2988h agoIntroducing local lattice defects into the Kitaev honeycomb spin liquid produces a phase transition with a transition temperature that depends on the defect density.
2988h agoEcho state networks switch from limited to rapidly increasing information processing capacity when their nonlinearity level passes a critical threshold.
2988h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems can be distributed over a wide interval and exhibit nontrivial structure, which may falsely suggest non-ergodicity.
2988h agoLocalization and delocalization transitions in a generalized random graph lattice are driven by a competition between the non-Hermitian skin effect and Anderson localization, with both coexisting even in the presence of strong disorder.
2988h agoThe Virtual Crystal Approximation and super cell method produce comparable results for total energy and density of states of bulk GaAsxP1-x, and the bulk of a mixed-crystal slab has a minor influence on its surface configuration.
2988h agoCrystalline symmetry can predict bulk and surface properties of topological phases by using topological crystalline markers to characterize bulk topology in symmetric crystalline insulators and superconductors.
2988h agoTransformer models learn from examples within their context through a process called in-context learning, which can be analytically characterized by deriving the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent for a simplified linear transformer.
2988h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood by framing it as a physical system's relaxation process, and this process shows no entropy barrier between memorization and generalization.
2988h agoSymmetry breaking in photonic systems can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, allowing for advanced light manipulation and polarization conversion in nonlocal metasurfaces.
2988h agoPerceptual learning improves behavioral performance by increasing functional connectivity between visual areas that process task-relevant information.
2996h agoElevated beta-amyloid PET burden and sex interact with gene expression to impact plasma pTau217 levels, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
2996h agoA compact cluster of neurons in the zebrafish brain responds vigorously to strongly harmful stimuli, but not to milder threats, and this neural circuit is conserved across species.
2996h agoLoss of ATP8A2 leads to immune-mediated neurodegeneration through increased exposure of phosphatidylserine, and inhibiting immune cell attack against neurons may be a potential treatment for related diseases.
2996h agoGenerative AI and generative linguistics are compatible.
3000h agoThe hippocampal subfields appear and disappear in a consistent order along the hippocampus, and their borders have specific locations and relationships to other structures.
3000h agoA novel EMG-based assistive controller that leaves a fraction of predicted human gravity torque uncompensated reduces muscle effort and improves movement performance.
3000h agoA combination therapy of baricitinib, memantine, and riluzole shows promise for treating sporadic ALS cases.
3004h agoStructured neuronal sequences emerge independently of sensory input in human brain organoids and mouse cortical slices.
3004h agoLecanemab therapy for Alzheimer's disease induces a transcriptional program in human microglia that enhances plaque phagocytosis through osteopontin.
3004h agoA mouse brain atlas, developed using local dendritic patterns from over 101,000 neurons, links local dendritic architecture to long-range neuronal projections with improved anatomical precision.
3004h agoSyntaxin-1A clusters, regulated by Munc18, suppress neurotransmitter fusion through a phase-separation-based mechanism.
3004h agoEngineering human microglia with a specific gene variant helps protect neurons in the brain and resists tau-induced dysfunction, offering a potential new therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
3004h agoMindfulness meditation increases DNA methylation in genes associated with Alzheimer's disease in a way that may protect against the condition.
3008h agoD1 medium spiny neurons in the ventral striatum become more selective in their firing properties as mice learn to distinguish between reward-paired and unpaired cues.
3008h agoA spatially detailed map of brain cell types in marmoset monkeys reveals that brain cell identity is shaped by both internal factors and external context, with findings including spatially precise neuronal assemblies and gradients of transcription factors within certain brain structures.
3008h agoThe basal ganglia have a complex but highly organized molecular structure with gene expression gradients and distinct compartments, which is conserved across humans, monkeys, and marmosets.
3008h agoCortical layer 1 is metabolically active and capable of local protein synthesis, with a unique transcriptome that allows for specialized synaptic function.
3008h agoLanguage lateralization does not directly influence hemispheric asymmetries in visuospatial attention and numerical cognition, and atypical language lateralization does not simply mirror typical lateralization patterns.
3008h agoThe WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin repair by interacting with the SOX10 transcription factor and sustaining its downstream myelin gene network.
3008h agoFoxP2 is expressed in most thalamic nuclei across species, with highest expression in midline and intralaminar nuclei, and plays a conserved role in shaping thalamic circuits supporting sensorimotor integration, attention, memory, and linguistic processing.
3008h agoThe brain does not pre-activate upcoming words during natural language comprehension, but instead reflects past words through postdiction.
3012h agoLarge language models can compute psychopathology, with experiments showing that they have a computational structure of psychopathology that becomes denser as the model size increases.
3012h agoThe brain's heterogeneous regions form task-specific pathways through specific constraints, including routing costs, scaling factors, and randomized expert dropout, which encourage reliable pathway formation.
3012h agoDeep learning models can reliably predict a person's brain MRI several years into the future, allowing for individualized prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
3012h agoSpatially-bounded rogue waves can arise in a limited region of space when certain conditions are met in the Davey-Stewartson I equation, forming a single or multiple closed curves on the spatial plane and then disappearing into the background.
3012h agoFrobenius-driven revivals occur in prime-modulus Laplacian cellular automata, where chaotic transients collapse into exact replicas of an initial seed at specific times.
3012h agoThe volume-price distribution of New York Stock Exchange equities follows a stochastic evolution that is driven by different dynamics for its shape and scale parameters, with shape parameters often behaving like a pure diffusion and scale parameters showing dominant jump-diffusion dynamics.
3012h agoSteady water waves that are evanescent in every horizontal direction exist under certain conditions, specifically when vorticity and velocity fields are parallel and surface tension has a strong influence.
3012h agoThe kinetic coefficients, specifically the relative mobilities of polymer and solvent/non-solvent, have dramatic effects on the patterns formed during Non-Solvent induced phase separation, determining whether phase separation occurs and the nature of the resulting pattern.
3012h agoA model of competing political ideas and power shows that societies experience punctuated equilibria and a phase transition to disorder, driven by the cumulative advantage effect of political power and intra-elite conflict.
3012h agoThe left-right Husimi representation of chaotic scattering systems remains invariant under closed classical dynamics and factorizes into a classical multifractal structure and universal quantum fluctuations.
3012h agoThe Bennett profile's nonlinearity can be transferred to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a flowing Z-pinch equilibrium with a vortical flow that meets the validity criterion for shear-flow stabilization under certain temperature profile constraints.
3012h agoHigh stress levels are indicated in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
3012h agoA single complex impurity in infinite tight-binding lattices leads to counterintuitive phenomena, including regions where localization vanishes and re-emerges as the impurity strength varies.
3012h agoReluctant search algorithm's performance depends on the distribution of entries in the coupling matrix of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, unlike greedy search which shows universality across a broad range of distributions.
3012h agoNon-reciprocal interactions cause the two-time correlation and response functions to depend on both times, leading to exponential decays in long-time relaxation and, under certain conditions, a transition to an oscillatory regime with periodic oscillations.
3012h agoA quantum nonlinear driven-dissipative mode can act as a quantum reservoir, allowing linear regression to recognize parameters of incident squeezed states from the emission spectrum.
3012h agoA scalable and noise-resilient protocol combines error correction algorithms with classical shadow tomography to detect entanglement transitions in a projective version of the transverse field Ising model.
3012h agoA new method can efficiently compute stationary states for ecosystems with sparse and asymmetric interactions, providing a tool to explore stability in realistic ecological communities.
3012h agoGraph neural networks' performance improves with more convolutional steps, but their architecture must scale with depth to avoid oversmoothing and approach optimal performance.
3012h agoPlace-cell networks with higher-order neural interactions can store a large number of patterns, enabling navigation on general surfaces in 3-dimensional space.
3012h agoA charged particle in a fluctuating magnetic field can undergo exponential acceleration of its diffusion, even with rare and abrupt field reversals.
3012h agoA novel method estimates the relative importance of input components for a Deep Neural Network by using a spectral re-parametrization of the optimization process, automatically ranking features without extra processing.
3012h agoA programmable photonic spin simulator emulates XY models with tunable lattice geometries and spin couplings, observing a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a square-lattice XY model and uncovering complex phase transitions and frustration effects in frustrated systems.
3012h agoA measure of quantum state complexity, defined as the divergence between Shannon or von Neumann entropy and second-order R\'enyi entropy, reliably signals crossovers from integrable to chaotic phases in quantum systems.
3012h agoTraining large language models with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) shows a set of puzzling behaviors due to the self-organization of a sparse concept web in semantic space.
3012h agoThe Yukawa-SYK model bridges single-particle and many-body chaos, and its interaction strength acts as a control parameter to create different dynamical regimes.
3012h agoConventional lipid nanoparticles can transfect a broader range of retinal cell types, including Muller glia, neurons, and vascular cells, and their efficiency is influenced by administration method, retinal degeneration, and inner limiting membrane integrity.
3012h agoInfants at high risk for autism spectrum disorder have reduced ability to track syllables in speech, which correlates with their verbal outcomes at 20 months.
3024h agoPitch perception of musical chords cannot be fully explained by the rate-place model, which suggests that pitch is computed from spatial patterns of average neural firing rates.
3040h agoOral Actinomyces species associated with cannabis use cause anxiety-like behaviors, mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduced neurotransmission in mice by producing harmful metabolites.
3040h agoCoincident high-amplitude oscillations across the cortex play a key role in enabling cognition by forming transient oscillatory networks that impact attention and decision-making.
3040h agoThousands of genes are differentially expressed across individual neurons in the nervous system of C. elegans during post-embryonic development, driving changes in neuron numbers, size, connectivity, and differentiation.
3040h agoFrontal lobe damage leads to a distinctive decision-making profile marked by altered utility curvature and reduced sensitivity to outcome magnitudes, causing people to make more risky choices for themselves and more cautious choices for others.
3040h agoParamagnetic and diamagnetic substances both contribute to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility in the brain, with paramagnetic components showing strong anisotropy in deep gray matter and parts of white matter.
3040h agoS100A9 protein plays a dual role in progressive multiple sclerosis, contributing to neurotoxicity when found in extracellular aggregates, but conferring neuroprotection when expressed in microglia.
3052h agoOctopuses' arms have internal nerve connections that help coordinate complex movements along their length.
3052h agoExtraverts retain their ability to focus attention despite distraction, whereas introverts' attentional focus worsens with increasing distraction, due to differences in cortical arousal and brain network connectivity.
3052h agoNeural activity outside of task-related coding subspaces, referred to as residual dimensions, plays a critical role in driving behavior by interacting with coding dimensions to shape neural dynamics.
3052h agoATTO 490LS enables high sensitivity and multiplexed imaging with single-wavelength excitation in two-photon microscopy with a 165-nm Stokes shift and peak emission at 640 nm.
3052h agoNew numerical algorithms reduce computational resources needed to solve edge states in large-scale photonic or acoustic structures.
3056h agoWriting an effective point-by-point response document requires following specific recommendations.
3056h agoLarge language models are viable models of human language processing, according to research that validated their use by comparing them to high-quality brain responses from multiple participants.
3056h agoParallel symbolic enumeration (PSE) discovers physical laws from data with improved accuracy and speed.
3056h agoMorphological complexity affects how the brain processes word frequency during visual word recognition, with surface frequency influencing neural representations of inflected words more than simple words.
3060h agoMost early-born subplate neurons persist as layer 6b neurons in adulthood, and their apparent postnatal reduction in density is due to tangential cortical expansion, not neuronal loss.
3060h agoO-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) modulates inhibitory synapse structure and signaling by responding to changes in cellular nutrient flux, affecting synapse morphology, receptor composition, and GABAergic circuit function.
3060h agoHippocampal neural sequences reflect the alignment of internally generated dynamics to external perception and are organized based on memory strategies employed by the animal in different contexts.
3060h agoAlpha-synuclein spontaneously forms toxic condensates with lipid droplets, which prevents the turnover of the lipid droplets and harms neighboring mitochondria.
3064h agoDHA in the brain is linked to cognitive performance in adolescents through a specific pathway in the deep white-matter, fornix, and thalamus.
3068h agoMachine learning algorithms can estimate brain age from neuroimaging data, and a study found that a pre-trained algorithm called PHOTON was most sensitive to differences between healthy individuals and those with bipolar disorder.
3068h agoBrain-predicted age difference, a measure of brain aging, is linked to lower cognitive performance, especially when using an algorithm that combines multiple types of imaging data.
3068h agoHumanized mouse models with specific mutations in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene develop muscle pathology similar to humans, and can be used to restore dystrophin expression with therapeutic approaches like exon skipping.
3068h agoIncluding region-wide activity perturbations in neural activity models helps accurately estimate interactions between brain regions.
3068h agoAlcohol and stress exposure leads to long-lasting cognitive impairments, particularly in cognitive flexibility, and pathological changes in the brain, persisting into midlife despite extended abstinence.
3068h agoXanomeline and its metabolite N-desmethylxanomeline act on multiple receptors, which may mediate some of their effects in treating schizophrenia.
3068h agoThe activity of AgRP/NPY neurons, which regulate hunger and metabolism, differs between young and middle-aged female mice, and is also affected by diet and biological age.
3068h agoMicroglia survival is regulated by a cytokine mechanism that involves lysosomal dynamics, where interleukin-10 receptor beta plays a crucial role in controlling microglial lifespan and clearance.
3068h agoThe ability to reason about the physical world and tool use can dissociate and be independently disrupted by brain damage.
3068h agoExosomes from young donors reverse the detrimental effects of aging on brain cells by restoring mitochondrial function and protein synthesis and suppressing inflammation.
3068h agoMithra, a new software toolkit, enables visualization and analysis of intracranial recordings by mapping electrodes to standardized brain spaces while preserving individual anatomy.
3068h agoAstrocytes help clear Alzheimer's disease-causing plaques from the brain through a process led by the Sox9 transcription factor, which helps preserve cognitive function.
3080h agoMice with impaired inhibitory synapses due to a lack of the protein Bassoon develop social behavioral deficits, abnormal motor behavior, anxiety, and epileptiform activity similar to those seen in autism spectrum disorders.
3080h agoAwe causes distinctive brain and body changes, including heightened brain activity and reduced sympathetic nervous system activity, linked to both physical sensations and subjective experience.
3080h agoThalamic excitation alone can drive cortical spiking, but its effectiveness depends on fluctuations in synaptic input.
3080h agoSpindles and slow oscillations in NREM sleep are coupled across the brain in a specific pattern, with the phase of slow oscillations changing along the brain's front-to-back axis, and this coupling declines with age.
3080h agoThe brain's neuron network changes between synchronized and unsynchronized patterns as neuron frequencies shift, following beat frequency statistics when neuron frequencies differ by a specific gap.
3084h agoGenerative AI works well because of clear principles, not complex algorithms, and these principles may also operate in the brain and be studied through machine learning research.
3084h agoTissue conductivity representations that link macroscopic assumptions with microscopic tissue structure are needed for accurate simulations of electric fields in brain stimulation.
3084h agoA unified framework proposes that representations in neuroscience are characterized by dimensions that describe relations between neural responses, represented features, and downstream effects.
3084h agoThe brain's statistical learning process plays a critical role in musical creativity and individuality.
3084h agoEmotional experiences are linked to specific bodily sensations, and mapping these sensations can provide a new understanding of how emotions are formed and experienced.
3084h agoA system filter helps improve brain-computer interface technology by removing individual variability in brain signals, allowing for better communication between brains and external devices.
3084h agoHigher task complexity and stronger feature learning reduce degeneracy in neural dynamics but increase it in weight space, while larger networks and structural regularization reduce degeneracy across behavior, neural dynamics, and weight space.
3084h agoThe study finds that an ensemble of four nonidentical phase oscillators with repulsive coupling can exhibit all possible modes of frequency synchronization, including global, cluster, and switching regimes.
3084h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in coupled oscillators lead to new dynamical states, including traveling chimera, run-and-chase, and coexistence phases, and alter the state diagram of the chimera state.
3084h agoThe inclined layer convection system exhibits a variety of spatio-temporal patterns, including the switching diamond panes pattern, which features large-scale oblique features and arises from the interaction of buoyancy and shear forces.
3084h agoThe brain's neuron network changes between synchronized and unsynchronized patterns as neuron frequencies shift, following beat frequency statistics when neuron frequencies differ by a specific gap.
3084h agoDifferent statistical methods are effective in identifying irreversible dynamics in different systems.
3084h agoPlanar non-topological solitons in models with nonlinear potentials bounded from below show kinematical stability and preserve full Schrödinger symmetry at low energies.
3084h agoA generalized Wilson-Cowan model accounts for the evolution of synaptic resources and shows that active excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact through a simplified framework.
3084h agoHigher-order topological insulators can be constructed using lattices with incomplete unit cells, allowing for localized modes of topological origin across a broader parameter space.
3084h agoA novel control strategy called homogeneous Proportional-Integral-Derivative (hPID) achieves robust and coordinated motion control of mobile robotic manipulators, guaranteeing global asymptotic stability and finite-time convergence.
3084h agoVortex solitons in Kerr media have their topological charge determined by the number of waveguide channels, and higher-order charges need larger arrays.
3084h agoCells can self-reproduce only when their growth and division processes work together, and their compatibility determines whether a cell system grows, dies, or stays stable.
3084h agoTime-modulated mechanical systems have a non-Bloch band theory that explains their unique behaviors, such as parametric resonance and non-reciprocal wave transmission, which differ from standard linear systems.
3084h agoA simulation model combines opinion dynamics and binary phase transition to describe how group pre-evacuation time emerges from individual interactions during crowd evacuation.
3084h agoMagnetic solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates can form bound states, or molecules, under certain conditions, and their collisions exhibit intriguing dynamics.
3084h agoA new language competition model shows that two languages can coexist in equilibrium, with minority language speakers often being either monolingual or bilingual.
3084h agoA charged particle in a fluctuating magnetic field can experience accelerated diffusion, and even rare magnetic field reversals can trigger exponential acceleration of its movement.
3084h agoA generalized Wilson-Cowan model accounts for the evolution of synaptic resources and shows that active excitatory and inhibitory neurons interact through a simplified framework.
3084h agoCombining disorder and a static electric field allows for manipulation of skin-mode localization in a two-dimensional nonreciprocal lattice, enabling control over boundary localization position.
3084h agoThe classical percolation phase transition in random potentials does not affect the Anderson localization length in the quantum regime, instead a smooth increase occurs as the system deviates from the classical limit.
3084h agoBranched polymers, including star-like and comb-like structures, show higher adsorption capacity for pollutants and heavy metal ions, with comb-like polymers having higher capacity but lower adsorption strength than star-like polymers.
3084h agoThe distribution of local interface heights at depinning displays negative skewness, which persists as the system approaches its thermodynamic limit and under different elasticity conditions.
3084h agoSimulated annealing's effectiveness depends on the structure of the energy landscape, with thermal and quantum annealing performing differently for certain interaction networks.
3084h agoThe generalized Lotka-Volterra model with a network structure reveals that the critical degree, a key order parameter, determines node extinction in both cooperative and competitive systems.
3084h agoLocalization transitions occur with the breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is a concept defined by the long-time dynamics of local observables, not by the Hamiltonian.
3084h agoMicrotubules in cells can support decoherence-resistant entangled states, allowing for dissipation-free energy transfer and potentially enabling scalable, ambient-temperature quantum computation.
3084h agoLead magnesium niobate has a Nb-rich sublattice and most of its Nb ions form a single percolating cluster with a mesh-like structure that prevents large space charges.
3084h agoZeolite intergrowths are feasible.
3084h agoThermal physics and quantum computing merge as a new area of research.
3084h agoLarge language models generate judgments based on patterns learned from vast amounts of text data.
3084h agoPerioGT, a self-supervised learning framework, uses periodicity priors and additional conditions to improve polymer property prediction under data scarcity.
3084h agoNeuronal populations operate near criticality, and maximum entropy models can distinguish subcritical from critical or supercritical systems, but may not differentiate between critical and supercritical states.
3088h agoCocaine abstinence changes gene expression in the brain, specifically increasing Cartpt in the nucleus accumbens, which in turn affects recovery from addiction.
3088h agoIgGs from long COVID patients bind to peripheral sensory neurons and induce pain-related symptoms in mice.
3088h agoYouth with ADHD show pronounced deviations in white-matter structural connectivity, which decrease as symptoms improve and can predict treatment response to certain medications.
3088h agoBinaural coupling between the two ears of green anole lizards enables frequency-dependent phase-locking and synchronization, which affects the generation of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions and sound localization.
3088h agoAPOE genotype affects gene expression in a specific type of brain cell called oligodendrocytes, which differs by ancestry and may contribute to Alzheimer's disease risk.
3088h agoEarly tactile deficits in Alzheimer's patients are linked to tau pathology in spinal neurons and reducing tau levels in these neurons restores touch and improves cognition.
3096h agoPeople's brains respond differently to unfairness depending on their individual social cognition traits and sensitivity to trust violations.
3096h agoParaquat exposure causes age-dependent neurotoxic effects, with adults showing the greatest vulnerability to Parkinson's-like neurodegeneration, including neuronal degeneration and changes in serum alpha-synuclein levels.
3096h agoSuprathreshold paired-pulse TMS at short intervals cumulatively enhances corticospinal excitability during stimulation.
3096h agoBoth electrical and ultrasound transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhance emotional bias scores, shifting the perception of neutral and ambiguous faces towards positive interpretations and reducing negative emotional bias.
3096h agoThe gut microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-proprionic acid (IPA) facilitates recovery from neurological deficits and alleviates white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) by promoting microglia-mediated debris clearance.
3096h agoIndependent Filter Analysis (IFA) enhances sensitivity to group effects in fMRI data by preserving both shared and group-specific information during dimensionality reduction.
3096h agoMExConn, a new multi-expert U-Net architecture, simultaneously segments multiple organelles from electron microscopy images, outperforming existing methods and providing mechanistic interpretability.
3096h agoThe neural response to heartbeat is affected by pulse artifacts, especially during wakefulness and certain stages of sleep.
3096h agoThe left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has a hierarchical and heterogeneous organization with different subregions having distinct connections to brain networks and behavioral functions, which informs optimal targeting for transcranial magnetic stimulation to treat depression.
3096h agoThe Hippocampal Subfields Group develops a reliable and freely available segmentation protocol for high-resolution MRI scans to standardize the identification of hippocampus subfields.
3096h agoCaffeine activates bitter taste neurons, causing rejection behavior in flies, by interacting with specific taste receptors and signaling pathways in certain neurons.
3096h agoMacaques weigh the costs and benefits of cooperation and adjust their social strategies based on reward contingencies, preferring individual actions but cooperating under favorable payoff conditions.
3096h agoMass univariate analyses, particularly permutation-based approaches, help correct for multiple comparisons in EEG data, enabling statistical inference with high sensitivity for detecting large effects.
3096h agoCK2 inhibitor CX-4945 decreases mutant huntingtin aggregation, improves neuronal function, and motor behavior, and ameliorates neuroinflammation in Huntington's disease mice.
3096h agoAccurate electrical properties of brain tissue are essential for modeling neurostimulation techniques; this study found conductivity values of 0.109 S/m for grey matter and 0.074 S/m for white matter, which are lower than standard simulation parameters.
3096h agoOptimizing electrode placement for Tumor Treating Fields therapy improves electric field intensity in tumors by 18%-34% compared to standard clinical practice.
3096h agoIndividuals with CLN3 disease show age-related differences in auditory sensory processing, with abnormal brain responses to sounds that change as they get older.
3096h agoThe FET protein family, which includes FUS, EWS, and TAF15, plays a role in RNA metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases, but reliable detection of individual FET proteins is challenging due to antibody cross-reactivity. or Antibodies for detecting FET proteins have variable performance, making research reproducibility a problem. or a more general sentence not using the word "antibody" Detection of FET proteins is challenging due to cross-reactivity and inconsistent localisation patterns. I rewrote to FET proteins are hard to detect reliably because antibodies cross-react with them.
3096h agoDopamine motivates animals to perform a behavior, but also reduces the effectiveness of dopamine signaling, leading to decreased value of repeated behavior.
3104h agoNeuronal m6A RNA methylation regulates excessive alcohol drinking and alcohol-dependent gene expression, and its dysregulation contributes to the development of alcohol use disorder.
3104h agoNeocortical areas have a rapid plasticity mechanism that allows for quick adaptation during learning, mediated by dendritic calcium plateau potentials.
3104h agoMaximum entropy models of neuronal populations show thermodynamic signatures of criticality in critical and supercritical cultures, but not in subcritical cultures.
3108h agoNeurons with adaptive current can synchronize teaching signals with neural activity by predicting future inputs, enabling efficient learning and memory formation over extended timescales.
3108h agoA method using a sequence of output neurons with bounded synaptic delays can effectively recognize temporal patterns of arbitrary length in spiking neural networks.
3108h agoMotor imagery with a loose grip improves serve performance in tennis players more than motor imagery with a tight grip.
3108h agoGoalkeepers with their arms up appear taller to penalty takers, but this illusion does not affect the takers' shots, which are instead influenced by the goalkeeper's position and available goal space.
3108h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
3108h agoThe 2-component BKP hierarchy has a rewritten Lax equation using mixed pseudo-differential operators, and its tau functions have Darboux transformations that lead to additional symmetries and Pfaffian identities.
3108h agoThe study presents a dimensional reduction of Bose-Einstein condensates confined by generalized transverse potentials, deriving an effective one-dimensional equation that determines transverse width dynamics and accurately replicates 3D simulation results for ground-state properties and dynamical behavior.
3108h agoAdaptive rewiring of connections based on node similarity can drive complex structural self-organization in networks, leading to three distinct network phases: random connectivity, community structure, and fragmentation.
3108h agoGuichard transformations generate sequences of Voss surfaces by quadratures from a pseudospherical surface and a seed solution, and these transformations are linked to recursion operators for symmetries of the sine-Gordon equation.
3108h agoA quantum spin van der Pol oscillator model exhibits limit-cycle oscillations and synchronization properties, including frequency entrainment, mutual synchronization, and collective synchronization.
3108h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing stable cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
3108h agoGuided link rewiring can help create cooperative consensus by depolarizing social networks, with heterophilic rewiring and even simple random rewiring outperforming more complex algorithms.
3108h agoA non-perturbative definition of RMT${}_2$ is developed, which generalizes random matrix theory to be compatible with symmetries of two-dimensional conformal field theory.
3108h agoFaraday waves can probe collective excitations in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates, with analysis revealing distinct regions of parametric resonance and Jeans instability in parameter space.
3108h agoLarge-scale turbulent flows determine small-scale flows in Navier-Stokes turbulence, and the essential resolution of observation needed to reconstruct small-scale flows is close to the forcing scale in two-dimensional turbulence, but close to the dissipation scale in three-dimensional turbulence.
3108h agoA new theoretical model for active matter reveals that the interplay of positional and orientational order in mobile agents leads to distinct phases, including stable patterns, complex topological defects, and active turbulence, depending on anisotropy and system size.
3108h agoA newly developed machine learning optimized classical potential accurately predicts structural variations in borosilicate glasses across different compositions.
3108h agoModerate random spatial truncation does not change the hyperuniformity classification of disordered systems, and modest reciprocal-space radial pooling effectively smooths spurious fluctuations without changing the classification.
3108h agoLithium halides with different halides and transition metals can be alloyed to tune their structure and properties as solid-state electrolytes, and their Li conductivity is mainly affected by the interplay of lattice parameter and chemical composition.
3108h agoA Hopfield network with high-dimensional vector spins has a retrieval phase that shrinks as the spin dimension grows, but gains the ability to denoise corrupted patterns at large capacities.
3108h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension can be solved using supersymmetry-based techniques to give an explicit linear integral equation that controls the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials.
3108h agoSelf-distillation's performance improvement comes mainly from denoising through hard pseudo-labels, especially in moderately sized datasets.
3108h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing stable cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
3108h agoThe vomeronasal organ's sensory neurons rely on specific endoplasmic reticulum proteins to function properly, and the loss of one such protein, Canopy1, causes degeneration of certain neurons and disrupts their connectivity.
3108h agoDysfunction in the right inferior insula causes perceptual impairment in patients with long COVID brain fog, and targeting this region with non-invasive stimulation can improve the deficit.
3112h agoCortical dysplasias have disorganized brain tissue and altered microarchitecture, characterized by reduced microscopic fractional anisotropy and anisotropic kurtosis, and disorganized myelinated fibers.
3112h agoMitochondrial dysfunction can be targeted with engineered exosomes that are delivered precisely using a biocompatible chemical platform called strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC).
3112h agoThe activity state of lateral habenula neurons determines whether synchronous release of GABA and glutamate from ventral tegmental area neurons is functionally inhibitory or excitatory, affecting motivation.
3116h agoMatClassRSA, a MATLAB toolbox, performs classification and analysis of magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography data using Representational Similarity Analysis, offering researchers multiple classifiers, statistical analyses, and visualization tools.
3116h agoMecp2-deficiency impairs swallow-related neuromuscular mechanisms, including brainstem cholinergic signaling, leading to weakened muscle activity and increased risk of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia in Rett syndrome.
3116h agoTau accumulation in cells disrupts neuron balance, alters myelination pathways, and affects body weight and metabolic regulation through complex mechanisms involving multiple cell types.
3116h agoPrimary cilia and centrioles are differently organized in mouse and human brain microvasculature, with primary cilia mainly found on mural cells surrounding venules and capillaries, and EC centrioles positioned against blood flow direction.
3116h agoPeople's attempts to be unpredictable are more predictable when they rely on intuition and generate repetitive sequences, contrary to their goal of being random and hard to predict.
3116h agoThe left hemisphere of the brain is larger than the right hemisphere in marmosets, with differences in social cognition areas.
3116h agoBcl11a enhances the differentiation of aged oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into myelinating oligodendrocytes, restoring their impaired capacity for differentiation.
3120h agoNeuronal activity helps switch microglia from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-regenerative state, promoting repair in multiple sclerosis models.
3120h agoThe use of peri-operative analgesia is underreported in rat models of pain, and its use can reduce acute pain without impacting long-term research outcomes.
3120h agoThe relationship between synaptic potentiation and neuron-wide activation changes across different layers of the hippocampal CA1 region during the encoding and retrieval phases of memory.
3120h agoThe basal ganglia play a key role in invigorating movement according to environmental and energetic constraints, and also help regulate speech production based on ambient noise levels.
3120h agoThe Virtual Brain Ontology (TVB-O) offers a common vocabulary, metadata standard, and software toolbox that simplifies the description, execution, and sharing of brain network simulations, enhancing reproducibility, comparability, and portability across simulators.
3120h agoThe human brain's functional networks have a specific organization and coordination that develops from birth, with networks showing convergent and divergent spatial alignments that relate to neurobiological attributes and predict cognitive outcomes.
3120h agoGABA released from DD motor neurons inhibits embryo motion before most nerve ring synapses form, through both synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms.
3120h agoA panel of neuronal surface markers, including Nrxn2 and Pirt, enables effective isolation and enrichment of sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia.
3120h agoPersonality-like traits in fruit flies are shaped by social, sexual, and physiological conditions, and can be grouped into four main identities: exploration, social investment, avoidance, and aggression.
3120h agoThe protein Arc, located in the nucleus, regulates the transcription of GluA1 through PML, affecting homeostatic plasticity.
3124h agoThe ventral hippocampus helps control impulsive behavior by sending signals to the nucleus accumbens, and disrupting this circuit increases impulsive action in males.
3124h agoLower heart rate variability is associated with higher white-matter lesion volume, a marker of brain degeneration, in both young and old adults.
3124h agoUnique and stable functional brain maps are present at birth, and they predict cognitive, language, and motor outcomes in 18-month-old babies.
3124h agoInhibiting the AGTR1 receptor protects human midbrain dopamine neurons from degeneration and reduces the buildup of abnormal proteins, making it a promising strategy for treating Parkinson's disease.
3128h agoThe length of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system is determined by the diameter of the axon they cover, and this process is controlled by the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1.
3128h agoEnteroviruses cause muscle contraction loss in engineered human nerve and muscle cells, with different viruses targeting different cells and causing damage in distinct ways.
3128h agoThe anteromedial part of the olfactory tubercle boosts pleasant reactions to sweet tastes, while the anterolateral part suppresses them.
3128h agoHigher levels of Pavlovian bias are associated with treatment failures in smoking cessation, and this bias can undermine motivational effort to quit and increase the likelihood of relapse.
3128h agoA cyclic inter-subject training approach with lightweight subject-specific adaptation improves electroencephalogram-based imagined speech decoding across individuals.
3132h agoThe Disentangled Recurrent Neural Network (DisRNN) model improves the disentanglement and interpretability of neural population activity by assuming group-wise independence among latent dynamics.
3132h agoThe RBTransformer model uses EEG signals to recognize human emotions more accurately by modeling the dynamic interactions between different brain regions.
3132h agoThe frequency at which synchronized brain cells oscillate is linked to brain size, with larger brain networks oscillating slowly and smaller ones oscillating faster.
3132h agoBrain fog in long COVID patients is caused by dysfunction in the right inferior insula, and stimulating this region with ultrasound can improve the associated cognitive impairment.
3132h agoBrain network organization explains individual differences in language learning success, with certain networks contributing to overall learning and specific tasks.
3132h agoDopamine facilitates movement within the Cortico-Striatal-Thalamo-Cortical loop by disinhibiting the thalamus and has a complex, region-specific effect on signal-to-noise ratio.
3132h agoDecoded Neurofeedback simulation framework, DecNefLab, enables researchers to model, analyze, and understand neurofeedback dynamics, and design more robust protocols.
3132h agoA novel brain modeling approach called Topology Hierarchical Derived Brain Autoregressive Modeling (THD-BAR) captures both spatial and temporal dynamics of EEG signals, outperforming existing methods in large-scale pre-training and downstream tasks.
3132h agoA simple EEG analysis tool accurately identifies term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who require therapeutic hypothermia, achieving 98% accuracy within 6 hours of birth.
3132h agoQuantum models of consciousness can be grouped into three categories based on how quantum mechanics works in the brain, and these models offer ideas on how consciousness arises.
3132h agoThe phase space transport in a two-dimensional stretched caldera potential shows channel imbalance, figure-eight transport loops, and complex mixed-channel chaotic regions for smaller directional bias.
3132h agoTime-varying interactions disrupt oscillations in natural and man-made systems, but a new framework using coupling functions can analyze, assess, and control this oscillation quenching.
3132h agoDispersive shock waves are generated in physical settings such as optical waveguide arrays and superfluids confined within optical lattices, and can be modeled using a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a periodic potential.
3132h agoThe nonlinear oscillator with a time-dependent coefficient has an exact quadratic invariant that constrains its dynamics to a smooth surface in phase space if the coefficient follows a specific form.
3132h agoMultiscale synergy is a design principle that produces new behaviors in systems with different characteristic scales, and a new framework programs this synergy to create emergent phenomena, such as novel spectra, transport, and topology.
3132h agoLight launched into any input port of a specially designed nonlinear array universally channels into a tightly localized ground state due to the interplay between lattice structure and nonlinear Hamiltonian components.
3132h agoThe Gross-Pitaevskii model reveals a theory of strong turbulence in two-dimensional systems with both repulsive and attractive interactions, showing that attraction is enhanced and repulsion is suppressed by collective effects.
3132h agoThe nonlinear extension of the J-matrix method reveals that a bifurcation with two stable solutions occurs at certain energy values for nonlinearities such as cubic and quintic interactions.
3132h agoTurbulence has both deterministic and stochastic properties, with repeatable patterns forming from identical random perturbations and a non-identical component from natural noise growing to dominate the flow.
3132h agoPolymers in turbulent flows change the transfer of energy, enstrophy, and helicity across different scales, depleting the nonlinear energy cascade at smaller scales and providing alternative routes for transfer that depend on the Deborah number.
3132h agoClassical Yang-Mills theories have exact structures that resemble integrability, with an infinite number of conserved charges, and two novel symmetries that generate an infinite-dimensional group.
3132h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β shows properties of quantum chaos, and its moduli space volumes follow a Mirzakhani-like recursion, interpolating between orientable and unorientable manifolds.
3132h agoThe Jordanian deformation of the AdS5 × S5 superstring results in a unique supergravity deformation with constant dilaton, and its integrable spin chain formulation reveals a non-trivially deformed ground state that matches classical string results.
3132h agoPhysical Neural Networks improve computational performance by using a layer-by-layer time-multiplexing scheme called ReLaX-Net, which efficiently reuses parameters with only minor modifications to conventional PNNs.
3132h agoSelective random defects can induce a topological transition in electron systems on a lattice, and can also smoothly connect the topological properties of different lattice systems.
3132h agoThe charge carrier mobility in QD solids strongly depends on the electric field due to the slow relaxation associated with the disorder-broadened density of localized states.
3132h agoMultiscale synergy is a design principle that produces new behaviors in systems with different characteristic scales, and a new framework programs this synergy to create emergent phenomena, such as novel spectra, transport, and topology.
3132h agoThe study investigates sound quanta in simple liquids at low temperatures and finds that the liquids have emergent non-interacting elementary excitations with phonon-like dispersion relations and additional excitations with gapped dispersion relations.
3132h agoA discontinuous percolation transition occurs in a bipartite network as nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, resulting in a single macroscopic cluster with a finite fraction of nodes.
3132h agoThe phase diagram of a neural network can help choose the best hyperparameters for stochastic gradient descent by identifying three distinct phases with different weight matrix dynamics.
3132h agoThe training trajectories of deep and linear neural networks evolve on a low-dimensional manifold in the space of probability distributions, controlled by the decay rate of input correlation matrix eigenvalues, the scale of ground-truth output, and the number of gradient descent steps.
3132h agoThe attention-indexed model captures how token-level outputs emerge from interactions over high-dimensional embeddings in deep attention layers, allowing for closed-form predictions of generalization error and identifying phase transitions in learning.
3132h agoDNA-bead networks can perform complex computing tasks, and directed evolution can optimize their performance by finding the best network configurations.
3132h agoSymmetry breaking in Mie-resonant metasurfaces can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, and it opens new electromagnetic coupling channels for polarization conversion.
3132h agoA multimode random laser model with nonlinear interactions and a realistic gain-saturation constraint exhibits a spin-glass transition, preserving glassy behavior while preventing intensity condensation.
3136h agoA new neural network framework, Fermionic Antisymmetric Spatio-Temporal Network, solves the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for complex fermionic systems, enabling accurate simulation of long-time dynamics in quantum systems.
3136h agoThree neural mechanisms differentiate left-hand from right-hand drawing in right-handed adults: a left hemisphere system for bimanual control, increased engagement of a contralateral system for left-hand drawing, and an interhemispheric circuit for tool use for right-hand drawing.
3136h agoDirectional neural information flow between cortical regions supports successive stages of speech processing, with excitatory flows emerging from sensory cortices and propagating to higher-order regions, and then becoming bidirectional as speech processing develops.
3136h agoA tandem deep-learning approach allows for high-speed and quantitative metabolic profiling in live neuronal cells, revealing distinct metabolic adaptations among cell types under physiological and pathological conditions.
3136h agoAstrocyte activity and behavior depend on the nonsense-mediated RNA decay pathway, and its deletion in astrocytes leads to enhanced calcium signaling, synapse dysfunction, and elevated anxiety.
3136h agoThe brain organizes natural categories in a complex way, with category information distributed across multiple continuous axes that reflect both low-level acoustic and higher-level semantic structure.
3136h agoExpectations and sensory input are processed by two separate systems during balance control, one driven by top-down expectations and the other by actual sensory input.
3136h agoMotor neuron electrophysiology predicts the physiological identity of mouse motor units, with four main types identified: slow, fast fatigue-resistant, intermediate, and fast fatigable.
3136h agoB2 SINE RNA is expressed differently in male and female hippocampal neurons and plays a role in their development in a sex-dependent manner.
3136h agoThe brain uses distinct but interacting mechanisms to learn multisensory associations, engaging separate networks for structure-based, reward-based, and outcome-surprise computations.
3136h agoA dopamine circuit in the Drosophila mushroom body regulates locomotor initiation and termination by combining past locomotor experience and current motivation.
3136h agoCUSP, a deep learning framework, accurately detects complex spikes in cerebellar Purkinje cells, achieving expert-level performance and outperforming existing methods in robustness and accuracy.
3136h agoPeople make better decisions when choosing from a moderately sized set of options, and brain activity in areas responsible for decision making and control changes with the size and complexity of the choice set.
3136h agoMitoFlare, a new probe, enables continuous visualization of mitochondrial oxidative activation and turnover, revealing that mitophagy proceeds through distinct, redox-regulated and lysosome-dependent phases.
3136h agoMitochondrial calcium flux drives oligodendrocyte regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and repopulation after demyelination.
3136h agoThe insulin degrading enzyme idr-1 and the RNA-binding protein rbm-42 regulate dendrite regeneration by acting in a conserved signaling cascade that couples injury-induced nuclear export of RNA binding proteins to local regulation.
3140h agoTraumatic brain injury triggers the formation of abnormal tau oligomers in the brain, which may spread and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
3140h agoThe TVB-Optim library enables direct optimization of thousands of brain network model parameters, allowing for large-scale personalized brain models.
3140h agoScopolamine causes age- and sex-specific deficits in visual associative learning in marmosets, which can be detected using a home-cage testing system with trial-level analysis.
3140h agoKappa opioid receptors are expressed mainly in excitatory projection neurons in the claustrum, while other opioid receptors are expressed in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
3140h agoDNMT1 regulates the stability of cortical networks by controlling PV interneuron function, which in turn affects glial cells and extracellular matrix, and disruptions to this process lead to depression- and anxiety-like behavior.
3140h agoAAGGG expansions in RFC1 cause adult-onset ataxia and sensory neuropathy by reducing RFC1 expression, impairing its function, and increasing sensitivity to DNA damage.
3140h agoNeuregulin-1 plays a critical role in adult cortical repair by promoting structural connectivity, motor recovery, and axonal outgrowth through its intracellular domain signaling.
3140h agoNGF binding to TrkA drives both neurotrophic signaling essential for neuronal development and survival, and peripheral pain, but a human NGF variant, NGFpainless, retains neurotrophic effects without triggering pain.
3140h agoAstrocytes have different levels of sodium within them and varying abilities to take up potassium, suggesting that they are functionally distinct and adapted to meet the needs of surrounding brain cells.
3140h agoFc gamma receptor IIb facilitates alpha-synuclein propagation and neurotoxicity in vivo and is a potential therapeutic target against Parkinson's disease.
3140h agoMultiPEC, a new data-driven method, discovers neural representations by identifying sets of signals that jointly reduce context prediction error, and it effectively captures fine-grained stimulus submodalities in both artificial and biological systems.
3140h agop75NTR-dependent, myelin-mediated axonal degeneration regulates neural connectivity in the adult brain.
3144h agoPiezo1 regulates drainage in meningeal lymphatic vessels and helps reduce excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulation.
3144h agoTranslating optogenetic research into clinical practice involves challenges including clinical and pragmatic choices, potential toxicity and immune responses, regulatory issues, and ethical considerations.
3144h agoAutism-like marmosets with prenatal valproic acid exposure show a distinct social interaction pattern with their partners, characterized by rapid responsiveness, heightened gaze reactivity, and reduced tolerance for close spacing.
3144h agoThe endothelial PRMT5-ANGPTL4 axis regulates cerebellar inhibitory circuitry and motor function by controlling the development of inhibitory synapses onto Purkinje cells.
3144h agoPersonalized EEG neurofeedback, guided by deep neural networks, enhances cognitive performance in older adults after a few sessions.
3144h agoA 3D convolutional neural network trained on T1-weighted MRI scans accurately identifies early Parkinson's Disease with 84.5% accuracy and reveals changes in brain regions connected to symptom progression.
3144h agoA deep probabilistic spiking neural network extracts discriminative features from EEG signals associated with auditory attention through a balance of moderate inhibition, intermediate synchronization, sparse connectivity, and synaptic pruning.
3144h agoVisual cortical hyperactivity, particularly in the parvocellular pathway, is a reliable and generalizable pattern related to high trait anxiety, and it is underpinned by disrupted excitation-inhibition modulation.
3144h agoInferential models in psychophysics quantify how physical stimulus properties relate to perceptual representations, and can be analyzed using a two-level approach or hierarchical models in R.
3144h agoChronic cervical vibration improves depression-like behaviors in rats with treatment-resistant depression.
3144h agoMetaplasticity in the thresholds for long-term potentiation and long-term depression allows synaptic plasticity to be properly expressed, enabling learning of linear and nonlinear feature binding problems by protecting and persistently changing synapses.
3144h agoThe rewarding effects of methamphetamine in adolescent mice are sex- and strain-dependent, with female C57Bl/6 mice and male 129Sv/Ev mice showing increased sensitivity to the drug.
3144h agoThe protein p62 forms different structures with ubiquitin in neurons and astrocytes in response to various cellular stresses.
3144h agoCannabidiol treatment delays or eliminates seizures and extends lifespan in a mouse model of CLN2 disease, a rare pediatric neurodegenerative disorder.
3144h agoAligning electrocorticography data into a shared space improves how large language models predict brain activity during language comprehension.
3148h agoTau pathology in spinal neurons contributes to early tactile deficits in Alzheimer’s disease, linking sensory dysfunction to cognitive decline.
3152h agoNeural populations in the parietal cortex reflect the parallel processes of forming a decision and confidence in that decision.
3152h agoA large dataset of neural recordings shows that brain areas in mice encode movement in a rich and structured way during both instructed and uninstructed movements.
3152h agoA new model, called stochastic quantum neural networks, combines principles of quantum computing and neuroscience to better capture the complexity of the biological brain.
3156h agoGlimpse Prediction Networks learn unified scene representations by predicting the next glimpse in a scene, capturing co-occurrence structure, spatial arrangement, and aligning with human brain responses.
3156h agoInteroception and exteroception are integrated within a unified predictive coding framework, where the brain combines internal and external feedback through parallel hierarchical systems that exchange prediction errors, with the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex governing the balance between them.
3156h agoA proposed probabilistic model predicts how neural activity in visual processing is influenced by both external stimuli and internal brain states, and it outperforms existing models in capturing neuronal responses.
3156h agoBraInCoRL uses in-context learning to accurately predict voxelwise neural responses from a few examples, generalizing to new subjects and stimuli without needing large-scale fMRI datasets.
3156h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
3156h agoA novel paradigm of emergent local memory demonstrates how local learning constraints can produce topologically protected memories and generate human language through self-organizing dynamics, revealing that words arise from emergent symbolic order.
3156h agoA new generalization of the Sundman transformation is presented, which helps derive solutions to ordinary differential equations and study their properties, particularly for the nonlinear Nobre--Reigo-Monteiro--Tsallis Schrödinger equation.
3156h agoThe sequences of coefficient functions in KP wave functions and their images under the bispectral involution are almost bi-orthogonal with respect to the Hermite product.
3156h agoIncreasing the frequency difference between oscillators can facilitate synchronization in coupled-oscillator systems where some oscillators are damaged and have lost their autonomous oscillations.
3156h agoSpace-time modulated systems, such as cantilevers with electromagnets, can produce different types of breathers, including time crystals with no entropy production, across a wide range of frequencies.
3156h agoTwin-wire laser directed energy deposition using two fine wires achieves optimal stability and uniform mixing with a liquid bridge transition mode, reducing dimensional fluctuations by 85% and enhancing compositional homogeneity.
3156h agoThe geometry and orientation of Nambu surfaces determine the appearance of wings in chaotic attractors.
3156h agoChanges in swarmalator dynamics are governed by changes in the system's topology, which can be understood through a topological framework that uses topological charge and helicity.
3156h agoImproved physics-informed neural network approaches, including adaptive and conservative methods, provide accurate solutions to the regularized long wave equation, but their effectiveness depends on the specific problem being solved.
3156h agoThe spectral duality between the classical XXX spin chain and the trigonometric Gaudin model remains in the large N limit.
3156h agoA double flip bifurcation occurs in Hamiltonian systems when two Hamiltonian flip bifurcations happen simultaneously, connected by a curve of singular points, as a result of changing two parameters.
3156h agoExternal driving can increase long-range correlations in systems with superconducting correlations but no long-range order, and the effect depends on the ratio of the drive frequency to the intrinsic relaxation rate.
3156h agoA biological control strategy targeting aquatic mosquitoes can stabilize and steer their population density through feedback and feedforward control laws.
3156h agoLiving systems have a finite capacity to generate and sustain life-associated dynamics, defined as non-equilibrium capacity (NEC), which is inevitably lost over time.
3156h agoThe study constructs exact analytical solutions to the three-dimensional stationary equations of a polytropic gas using symmetry methods.
3156h agoA new theoretical model for active matter reveals that the interplay of positional and orientational order in mobile agents leads to distinct phases, including stable patterns, complex topological defects, and active turbulence, depending on anisotropy and system size.
3156h agoThe discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation with competing powers has intrinsic localized modes that can be classified by codes, which determine their stability, with codes for larger states of the same sign being stable and codes for smaller states of alternating signs being unstable.
3156h agoNonlinear changes can be sudden and difficult to predict, and understanding how to prevent harmful shifts and promote desirable ones requires integrating research on regime shifts and transformations.
3156h agoThe Ehrenfest theorem needs to be modified to accurately describe the motion of a quantum particle in a potential box, as it is affected by an effective force from the box edges and nonlinearity.
3156h agoThe double kicked top model exhibits exact quantum recurrences and dynamical quantum phase transitions when its parameters are tuned to specific values.
3156h agoSimple fluidic elements can collectively create, shape, and transport information through the generation and regulation of solitary waves in active flow networks.
3156h agoA certain number of measurements guarantees accurate reconstruction of a chaotic system's trajectory from sparse data, specifically at least the dimension of the system's inertial manifold for local observability and at least twice that dimension plus one for global observability.
3156h agoThe equi-M sets in two-dimensional Complex Quadratic Networks have limitations and a complex relationship with periodic attractors, with their boundary only closely tracking the period-1 pseudo-bulb near its main cusp.
3156h agoA new method allows for the exact calculation of degree growth for lattice equations, extending Halburd's method to enable accurate and rigorous computation of degree iterates.
3156h agoThe Riemann-Hilbert problem analysis shows that the asymptotic behavior of high-genus Korteweg-de Vries soliton gases can be categorized into five distinct regions in the x-t plane.
3156h agoThe poles of certain rational solutions of the fifth Painlev\'e equation asymptotically fill a region bounded by analytic arcs when the degree of the polynomial tau function tends to infinity.
3156h agoThe five-dimensional Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model with electromagnetic induction and a switchable memristive autapse shows global asymptotic stability of synchronization between two diffusively coupled neurons.
3156h agoThe addition of polymers to a turbulent flow changes its dynamics, exhibiting a multiscaling energy spectrum and slowing down the fluid's non-linear cascade, with polymer dissipation being less intermittent than fluid dissipation.
3156h agoChemotactic aggregation happens through a balance of density fluxes and reactive turnover, leading to both stable and dynamic aggregates that emerge through a process linked to phase separation and reaction-diffusion patterns.
3156h agoChemotactic aggregates behave like phase-separating droplets, with their long-time dynamics driven by self-amplifying mass transport and aggregate coalescence, leading to coarsening in both diffusion- and reaction-limited regimes.
3156h agoA minimizing compact, consisting of critical trajectories of a quadratic differential, exists within each connectivity class of a family of continua in the upper half-plane, and provides the soliton condensate of least average intensity for a given anchor set.
3156h agoBlack hole quasi-normal modes and greybody factors have stability properties that can be indicated by Korteweg-de Vries conserved quantities, which help identify instabilities in the black hole spectrum.
3156h agoCoupled Kerr parametric oscillators can simulate an Ising Hamiltonian and estimate its ground state using a Boltzmann sampling measurement.
3156h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
3156h agoNew representations for the Jost solutions of the AKNS system are obtained, allowing for a simple and efficient method to solve direct and inverse scattering problems.
3156h agoKdV integrals serve as valuable indicators for detecting instabilities in Black Hole Quasi-Normal Modes and Greybody Factors.
3156h agoHigh penalties and light penalties are effective at suppressing crime, while intermediate penalty levels are less effective, and the success of penalties depends on the interaction between population sizes, demographic noise, and initial conditions.
3156h agoThe hyperbolic approximation of the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation conserves important invariants and is effectively discretized using asymptotic-preserving numerical methods that preserve energy.
3156h agoThe agent-based model shows that an intermediate level of rationality in decision-making leads to the best collective outcomes in vaccination behavior during epidemics.
3156h agoThe charge carrier localization length, which influences electronic conductivity, can be determined by measuring conductivity at different temperatures and electric fields in conjugated polymers.
3156h agoNon-Hermitian criticality emerges in systems with stochastic lattice bond orientation, leading to anomalously scaling complex spectra and system size-dependent amplification rate.
3156h agoThe interplay between nonreciprocity, quasiperiodicity, and power-law exponent gives rise to a variety of phase transitions and localization phenomena in a generalized Aubry-André-Harper model.
3156h agoA multimode random laser model with nonlinear interactions and a realistic gain saturation constraint exhibits a spin-glass transition with characteristics matching the mean-field Random Energy Model universality class.
3156h agoThe density of complex resonance poles in a one-dimensional disordered sample can be evaluated using an analytic approach that links the density of resonances to the distribution of the reflection coefficient at complex energies.
3156h agoThe ground state wavefunction of a particle in a one-dimensional square well coupled to Dirac delta-like scattering centers becomes localized, with increasing localization as coupling increases.
3156h agoA rank-one signal corrupted by sparse noise can be recovered via its top eigenvector when the signal strength exceeds a critical threshold.
3156h agoThe effective temperature concept applies to quantum dot solids, where an increase in field-driven conductivity reflects an actual increase in electronic temperature.
3156h agoThe interaction between light and matter in one-dimensional electronic systems enables a method to accurately extract the strength of electron-photon coupling from transmittance spectra.
3156h agoA neural network framework called Fermionic Antisymmetric Spatio-Temporal Network solves the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for complex fermionic systems, enabling accurate simulation of long-time dynamics in quantum systems.
3156h agoThe liquid-liquid transition in high-pressure hydrogen is always supercritical above the melting temperature.
3156h agoNon-Hermitian and quasiperiodic coupled systems exhibit a novel localization phenomenon called Anderson-Skin dualism, where localized Anderson modes transform into skin modes with dual characteristics of localization and skin effects under different boundary conditions.
3156h agoThe vectorial extension of the Hopfield model uses 3D vectors and special synaptic connections to create an energy landscape with deep minima for stored patterns, resulting in improved storage and retrieval performance compared to the classical binary Hopfield model.
3156h agoA new method computes accurate real-space maps of local spectral operators in tight-binding models, even in the presence of strong spatial fluctuations.
3156h agoGenerative diffusion processes converge to associative memory systems at low noise levels, and this convergence characterizes their stability, robustness, and generation dynamics.
3156h agoThe winding number of a parametrized non-Hermitian random matrix field exhibits universal features in the large-dimension limit, with a new correction term identified beyond the previously studied Ginibre case.
3156h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) specializes in value-based decisions and does not play a major role in perceptual decisions.
3156h agoOrganisms focus on important stimuli to survive and reproduce by ignoring constant or repeated sensory inputs through habituation, a process that helps them respond strongly to new stimuli.
3156h agoThe neural representation of individual memories encodes not just the memorized feature, but also its uncertainty, including variance and asymmetry, which predicts memory behavior.
3156h agoChewing rhythmically improves cognitive performance by synchronizing brain rhythms, specifically by increasing theta power and cross-frequency coupling between motor output and neural oscillations.
3156h agoConcurrently fitting the hemodynamic response function within population receptive field models improves the accuracy of estimates and reveals differences in brain response between areas.
3156h agoHumans extract syntactic structure from short sentences within a fraction of a second, and words, phrases, and sentences are processed through similar stages, with the brain detecting global form first and then analyzing combinatory properties.
3156h agoThe anterior ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex compute subjective value signals that guide choice without needing conscious awareness.
3156h agoMental fatigue is linked to a decrease in alpha power, indicating desynchronization in brain activity associated with sustained attentional demand.
3160h agoMiddle-aged adults with normal hearing thresholds have diminished neural synchrony and increased listening effort due to degraded neural encoding of temporal fine structure cues.
3160h agoThe visual system represents object outlines based on points of high information content, rather than just regions of extreme curvature.
3160h agoPsilocybin induces a composite neural state made of multiple co-occurring processes that affect brain connectivity and cognitive performance.
3160h agoThalamic input and cortical cell-adhesion codes work together to establish functional sensory modalities in the brain by specifying and refining sensory identity in the primary somatosensory and visual cortices.
3160h agoSensory processing during wakefulness generates sleep need by exciting specific neurons that promote sleep, which then activate a feedback loop to stabilize sleep through a neural filter.
3160h agoError recognition helps people adapt their behavior when things go wrong, and brain activity in the anterior insula and prefrontal cortex enables a brain-computer interface to self-correct and work more smoothly.
3160h agoExposure to micro- and nano-plastic particles worsens Parkinson's Disease symptoms in a fruit fly model by interacting with genetic risk factors that affect mitochondrial function.
3160h agoMislocalisation of the protein TDP-43 to the cytoplasm of neurons or oligodendrocytes leads to axon degeneration and reduced myelination, with loss of TDP-43 function in neurons and disrupted oligodendrocyte function contributing to neurodegeneration.
3164h agoBalancing excitation and inhibition in neurons allows neural activity to reach a critical state, generating neuronal avalanches, while an imbalance disrupts this state.
3164h agoThe brain uses distinct computational mechanisms to localize touch and body position, with tactile and proprioceptive localization relying on different prior expectations about spatial location.
3164h agoThe preview effect, a stronger neural response to changes in visual input after eye movements, depends on active vision and cannot be explained by classical or spatiotopic adaptation.
3164h agoA computational model shows that action selection in cluttered environments is a weighted combination of individual control policies for target approach and obstacle avoidance.
3164h agoThe human brain represents 3D layout information through separate processing of boundary distance and orientation, with distance encoded in early visual areas and orientation in higher visual areas, and this processing is influenced by navigation tasks.
3164h agoThe Wormtrails python package creates images and videos that show the motion of C. elegans nematodes on solid media by converting darkfield or brightfield images into stills or movies with color-coded time.
3164h agoCochleaNet, a deep learning-based framework, analyzes volumetric imaging data to comprehensively map the molecular anatomy and physiology of the cochlea, enabling rapid and reliable quantification of cochlear structure and gene therapy outcomes.
3168h agoThe brain's directed network architecture forms a hierarchical organization that underlies its temporal irreversibility, with a comprehensive network of forward and backward interactions that strengthen in brain states approaching criticality.
3168h agoThe lateral and medial subregions of the human amygdala have distinct roles in processing fearful expressions, with the lateral subregion detecting fear early and the medial subregion encoding face-specific information later.
3168h agoThe intestine's different cell types have their own internal clocks that can be set by feeding schedules, but they respond to these schedules in distinct ways.
3168h agoShuffleNet delivered the highest performance in classifying potato leaf diseases with 99% accuracy, outperforming other lightweight convolutional neural network models.
3168h agoOdor identity in the early olfactory system is represented through two complementary coding strategies: the primacy code, which uses the most sensitive odorant receptors, and the order code, which uses the temporal order of glomerular activation.
3168h agoPeople track prior interference from different dimensions to selectively focus their attention by rapidly suppressing distracting information, and proactive control helps make this suppression process more efficient.
3168h agoDopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are vulnerable to Parkinson's disease because their high energy demands push them to a tipping point where even small disruptions can cause a collapse in energy, unlike similar neurons in the ventral tegmental area which are more resilient.
3168h agoIncreased cognitive load compromises proactive visual search, disrupting gait planning and leading to a more inefficient walking strategy in healthy young adults.
3168h agoA new automated pipeline called MORPH2DIAG analyzes brain images to identify subtypes of neurodegenerative patterns and accurately classifies them using machine learning, providing a reproducible foundation for MRI-based morphometric profiling.
3168h agoFeedback reorganizes neural representations in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, transforming learning into memory retrieval by changing neural geometry through rhythmic coordination.
3168h agoSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling regulates alcohol drinking, and S1P receptor agonists, including fingolimod, ozanimod, and CYM5442, reduce alcohol consumption in rodent models.
3168h agoThe brain encodes a language-independent internal model for meaning, allowing it to understand and express similar concepts in multiple languages.
3168h agoFunctional connectivity between neurons varies within brain states, with Non-REM sleep containing periods of inter-areal integration comparable to wakefulness and REM sleep.
3168h agoSpatial biology technologies reveal how molecular and cellular organization drives function and disease by enabling high-dimensional profiling within intact tissues. or The spatial biology pipeline generates whole-transcriptome and protein measurements from tissue sections and resolves spatially distinct molecular domains in Alzheimer's disease and other conditions. The second sentence is more direct in reporting the main findings, ideas or summary, hence it is more suitable.
3168h agoThe stimulus-selective stopping task shows that responses to an "ignore signal" are a mix of normal responses and responses to a special ignore signal.
3168h agoCross-frequency coupling, especially delta-theta-gamma coupling, operates cooperatively in the brainstem to integrate rhythmic interactions across multiple frequency bands, supporting large-scale homeostatic regulation and adaptive whole-body responses.
3168h agoSingle-cell profiling reveals that oligodendrocyte lineage cells respond to multiple disease stages in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by activating immune genes and showing subtype-specific responses.
3176h agoTechnical metrics used to evaluate medical artificial intelligence tools often do not predict their clinical impact, so a new framework is proposed to guide their translation into clinical use.
3176h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) encodes errors and perceptual difficulty to estimate confidence in high-level rule switches, allowing for hierarchical reasoning.
3176h agoRhythmic control of language and music relies on similar brain regions that can flexibly reconfigure to support precise timing in producing sequences.
3176h agoThe primary cilia of principal neurons in the cerebral cortex orient towards the pia in sparse, inside-out laminated regions, but perpendicular to the laminae in compact regions, suggesting that cilia orientation changes as cortical evolution progresses.
3176h agoA division of labor between distinct visuomotor and perceptual pathways emerges in a neural network trained to classify and grasp 3D objects, reflecting task-driven specialization rather than pre-existing architecture.
3176h agoMedium spiny neurons in the primate striatum have diverse subtypes with distinct molecular features that are linked to movement, cognition, emotion, and disease mechanisms.
3176h agoHabit formation in primates correlates with lower control energy required to transition between brain states during sequential behavior.
3180h agoA universal theorem shows that sensory information follows a law similar to the second law of thermodynamics, predicting that any closed cycle of stimulation yields a non-negative net gain of sensory information.
3180h agoA model of perceptual decision making that combines sensory encoding and Bayesian decoding of neural activity accurately reproduces key patterns of human choices and response times.
3180h agoInteractions among simple agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing groups to exhibit coordinated responses to environmental changes and encode information that individual agents cannot access.
3180h agoA novel brain-computer interface framework that combines EEG and EMG signals accurately classifies four Mandarin tones under both audible and silent speech conditions with minimal channels.
3180h agoThe mu-opioid and anesthetic activation of the medial habenula and interpeduncular nucleus induces unawareness and slows down respiration, and this circuit promotes slow-wave sleep, memory replay, and rest by activating serotonin and inhibiting awareness and arousal.
3180h agoInteractions among simple agents can give rise to joint agency and collective knowledge, allowing groups to exhibit coordinated responses to environmental changes and encode information that individual agents cannot access.
3180h agoThe integrable bootstrap program expresses multipoint functions of the Sinh-Gordon quantum field theory as explicit series that satisfy all Wightman axioms, pending proof of series convergence.
3180h agoThe Ising model's phase transitions on random graphs are determined by the eigenvalues of the kernel operator associated with the graph limit.
3180h agoThe competition between sellers in over-the-counter fresh product markets self-regulates over time, constraining prices and clientele volumes to bounded ranges and generating oscillatory behaviors that prevent any one seller from dominating permanently.
3180h agoA comprehensive analysis pipeline for photon-count time series reveals a coherent hierarchy of dynamical regimes in ultra-weak photon emission from living systems, separating trivial statistics from structured long-range organization.
3180h agoA new class of continuous-time recurrent neural networks, based on Hopfield-like associative memories, offers a mathematical formalism to characterize fluctuations in nonequilibrium dynamics, allowing direct computation of macroscopic observables, entropy, and entropy dissipation.
3180h agoQuantum limit cycles become apparent through quantum trajectories conditioned on measurement outcomes, and they behave similarly to classical limit cycles subject to noise.
3180h agoThe Jordanian deformed AdS5 × S5 string and its spin chain counterpart remain solvable, with the complete spectrum obtainable within the Baxter framework despite a nontrivially modified structure of Q-functions.
3180h agoLaser resonances can exhibit irregular oscillations due to nonlinear effects, similar to the behavior of Van der Pol oscillators, and are influenced by nonlinearity, damping, and quantum fluctuations.
3180h agoDigital Memcomputing machines explore their phase space efficiently and find solutions quickly when their physical parameters are set well, but not when their memories evolve too fast.
3180h agoA new class of continuous-time recurrent neural networks, based on Hopfield-like associative memories, offers a mathematical formalism to characterize fluctuations in nonequilibrium dynamics, allowing direct computation of macroscopic observables, entropy, and entropy dissipation.
3180h agoLead magnesium niobate (PMN) relaxor has a stable Nb-rich sublattice and a dominant Nb cluster that percolates the lattice, preventing large space charges.
3180h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor of size k with the maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor of size N.
3180h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in the Anderson model of localization exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and are delocalized in the metallic phase.
3180h agoDephasing noise causes a phase transition in topological insulators between nontrivial and trivial topological phases at a finite strength, showing the robustness of these insulators.
3180h agoDisordered systems, like sheared amorphous solids, can self-organize into a complex response to a changing environment, allowing them to sense and adapt to their surroundings.
3180h agoThe PIANO framework integrates large and complex single-cell genomics datasets with improved speed and accuracy by correcting for unwanted sources of variation.
3184h agoBrief therapeutic stimulation during DBS surgery changes brain activity in a way that lasts for at least a month, and new measures of brain dynamics can distinguish between patients with low and high depression scores.
3184h agoThe right inferior parietal lobule is causally involved in orientation processing, not in time perception, according to a study using transcranial static magnetic stimulation.
3184h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) encodes relative stimulus preference through inhibition of its pyramidal neurons, guiding social choice by dynamically evaluating competing options.
3184h agoA new zebrafish model allows for the observation of interactions between immune cells and blood vessels after brain injury, providing insights into chronic neuroinflammatory disease.
3184h agoDance training increases sensitivity of the initial cortical response to balance perturbation, allowing dancers to better align their posture to an objective reference.
3184h agoAlpha-synuclein pathology in the locus coeruleus disrupts neurochemical balance, causes cognitive decline, and leads to long-lasting consequences in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
3184h agoThe analysis of spontaneous otoacoustic emission (SOAE) phase reveals complementary information about ear function, showing that otocoherence, a measure of phase consistency, varies across species and correlates with auditory nerve fiber tuning.
3184h agoBimanual performance is related to brain structure differently in younger and older adults, with brain's white-matter integrity and cortical balance linked to efficient bimanual control in young adults but not in older adults.
3184h agoInhibitory neurons in the brainstem help regulate postural reflexes by modulating the activity of excitatory vestibulospinal neurons, which generate commands to activate spinal networks.
3184h agoNoise exposure causing temporary hearing loss leads to changes in cochlear structures, including enlargement of ribbons in hair cells, in macaque monkeys.
3184h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation increases corticospinal excitability, but only when measured during active stimulation, and this effect is not correlated with changes in pupil size.
3188h agoScientists have developed a new compound, UCM-A86, that selectively enhances the activity of GluN3-containing NMDA receptors, a type of receptor that plays distinct roles in neuronal development and synapse maturation.
3188h agoMAPL3 pipeline captures brain-wide axonal projections and enables analysis of brain circuitry from single axons to whole-brain projectome.
3188h agoThe brain encodes the number of objects in a scene rapidly and directly from the visual image, and then transforms this information through a hierarchical process to create a finely tuned, number-specific code.
3188h agoThe type of deep learning model and method used to assess brain connectivity affect the accuracy of predicting cognitive task presence over time.
3188h agoThe estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) gene helps regulate excessive alcohol drinking and seeking, and acts as a potential therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder.
3188h agoDeleting DOR from PV interneurons reduces the convulsant and anxiolytic effects of DOR agonists, but not their locomotor stimulating effects.
3188h agoBipolar disorder is linked to changes in brain microstructure and function, which may contribute to emotional state transitions from depression to anxiety.
3188h agoT4 and T5 neurons, which encode different motion directions in the visual pathway, have dendrites that follow closely aligned morphological patterns, suggesting shared developmental constraints and mechanisms.
3188h agoThe Turbulent Brain toolbox offers a framework to study brain dynamics in healthy and pathological states, allowing researchers to explore mechanisms across brain states and neurological disorders.
3188h agoChronic fentanyl use changes the neuroimmune state and helps remove amyloid plaques in a model of Alzheimer's disease by enabling microglia to enhance amyloid clearance.
3188h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound modulates neuronal dynamics through a hybrid mechanism, engaging both direct and indirect components depending on the stimulation site, to influence cortical circuits.
3200h agoBrain regions in the limbic system predict how people respond to stress with cortisol, while regions in the medial prefrontal cortex shape how they feel during stressful events.
3200h agoAstrocyte calcium activity responds rapidly to locomotion, progressing through four phases: new events emerge, merge into a superevent, fragment, and produce an afterburst.
3200h agoDownregulation of protocadherin-8 disrupts neuronal migration, morphology, and proliferation in the developing mouse cortex, linking it to cortical development defects and human brain pathology.
3200h agoA new learning principle called Hetlearn helps animals adapt to changing environments by learning to predict events without needing to understand their causes.
3224h agoRetinitis pigmentosa causes complex, region-specific retinal remodeling and reduces fiber density in optic tracts and radiations, suggesting trans-synaptic degeneration along visual pathways.
3224h agoMultitasking involves shared cognitive processes across interference conditions, and trial-level sequences of these processes predict behavioral differences in reaction time and accuracy.
3224h agoMice switch between context-specific decision strategies while foraging by reconfiguring neural circuits in the brain, which allows them to make flexible decisions in different environments.
3224h agoThe relative phase of membrane potential theta oscillations across neurons shifts depending on spatial position, revealing a consistent coding of space between neurons.
3224h agoRemyelination efficiency declines with age because changes in gene regulation disrupt the normal process of oligodendrocyte differentiation, leading to progressive disability in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis.
3224h agoImpaired energy metabolism in the thalamocortical circuitry may cause neuropsychiatric symptoms, and a ketogenic diet may help alleviate these symptoms.
3228h agoMarmosets use a network of brain areas that is sensitive to context to evaluate the temporal structure of vocal sequences.
3228h agoSchizophrenia-associated genes in microglia modulate phagocytic activity and morphological properties, and have gene-specific transcriptional signatures that implicate divergent pathways related to phagocytic, activation, cytoskeletal, and lysosomal function.
3228h agoExtracellular ATP and its receptor P2X7R drive early Alzheimer's disease pathology by causing neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal hyperactivity.
3228h agoPhosphorylation of DNAJB6b at Y53 enhances its binding to Hsp70, leading to accumulation of tau aggregates, which may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
3228h agoPARP controls calpain activity through PARG and TRPM2-induced calcium influx in photoreceptors, and inhibiting PARP with INO1001 may be more effective for treating inherited retinal degeneration than Olaparib.
3228h agoPregnancy and parenthood cause changes in the human brain that can still be seen years later, with the brain changes of mothers and fathers partly overlapping, and the changes in mothers more closely linked to childbirth than to pregnancy itself.
3228h agoTanycytes, a type of glial cell, actively engulf and remove excitatory synapses in the hypothalamus during a specific period after birth, which helps refine neural circuits controlling energy balance.
3228h agoWorking memory modulates subjective perception, especially when the content in working memory is categorically different from the perceptual stimulus.
3228h agoTwo efficient methods enable faster computation of topological surface states in photonic and acoustic systems, cutting memory and time use by up to 100-fold.
3232h agoThe Shank3 gene plays a critical role in balancing and integrating emotional responses in the brain, and its deficiency leads to exaggerated emotional reactions.
3232h agoExercise not only boosts neural growth factors but also modulates inhibitors of neural change, and changes in certain brain structures are linked to improved memory performance.
3232h agoA new platform called MyeliMAP enables robust modeling of central nervous system myelination, allowing for the study of myelin formation, maturation, and function in human cells.
3232h agoExtensive daily training and brief daily reminders produce similar performance enhancements in a visual texture discrimination task, but limited learning occurs without reminders.
3232h agoThe colors of moving objects determine the properties of subjective color perception, which is generated by the brain's predictive learning mechanism associating color with motion patterns.
3232h agoRho GTPase signaling in both the presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic muscles promotes neural circuit excitability and egg laying.
3232h agoPorphyromonas gingivalis infection is present in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tissue and reprograms glioma cells to become more invasive and immunosuppressive.
3232h agomGluR5 regulates the activity of ON-bipolar cells through endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde signaling, affecting the gain of visual signal transmission from photoreceptors to ON-bipolar cells.
3232h agoThe distribution of population responses in the primary visual cortex adjusts to the environment's statistical structure through coordinated changes in "silence" probability and response mean, following a one-dimensional pattern.
3232h agoReconstituting functional porosomes into diseased cells repairs secretory defects and counters neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's by restoring neuronal function and reversing morphological and functional damage.
3232h agoThe human stomach acts as a peripheral oscillator during sleep, with its infraslow rhythm modulations aligned with brain activity and predicting subjective sleep quality.
3232h agoSuccessful navigation involves a sequence of planned actions marked by increased recruitment of surveillance and goal-oriented states at decision nodes, but Alzheimer's disease impairs navigation by reducing these states and altering gamma oscillations in the posterior parietal cortex.
3232h agoOngoing activity of histaminergic neurons in the brain modulates the expression of reward-associative memory by influencing the brain's response to cues.
3232h agoCommunity detection in functional brain networks works best with a likelihood-based method that selects around 11 communities in adults and 15 communities in infants and toddlers.
3236h agoDrugs of abuse trigger DNA methylation changes in the brain, which can lead to long-lasting effects and influence vulnerability to substance use disorders.
3236h agoThe time dilation effect caused by flickering stimuli does not seem to be modulated by the higher-level regions of the ventral visual stream.
3236h agoThe GTF2I gene dosage affects social behavior and physiology in mice, with duplication leading to increased surface temperature and social anxiety-like behaviors, and deletion leading to decreased surface temperature and hyper-social-like behaviors.
3240h agoIpsilateral somatosensory processing, not contralateral processing, contributes to tactile discrimination, and interhemispheric coordination plays a key role in perceptual decisions.
3240h agoDelivering anti-TLR2 antibody genes using biodegradable nanoparticles produces sustained pain relief in mouse models of neuropathic pain by reducing inflammation.
3240h agoHere is a single sentence summary: In Parkinson's disease, microglia and astrocytes respond to protein misfolding by upregulating chaperone protein folding functions and switching from immune receptor functions to protein aggregate clearance.
3240h agoStimulant medications may attenuate ADHD-related cortical patterns, and nonstimulant medications show a similar, but weaker, effect.
3240h agoInfarct size does not directly determine intestinal barrier dysfunction or bacterial translocation, but bacterial translocation is linked to intestinal and cerebral inflammation.
3240h agoA novel surgical protocol creates a large, durable cranial window in mice, allowing repeated recordings from over 1,000 electrodes and unprecedented access to the Default Mode Network.
3240h agoA new viral vector targets fast-spiking basket cell interneurons in the mouse hippocampus with high specificity, allowing for potential investigation and treatment of related neurological disorders.
3240h agocuBNM, a Python package, accelerates simulations of brain network models by hundreds of times using graphics processing units, enabling efficient investigation of latent neural processes across large cohorts and complex models.
3240h agoAutistic children have a specific deficit in multisensory processing, affecting early sensory encoding, attention, and coordination between brain regions.
3248h agoThe centro-parietal positivity (CPP) serves as a domain-general signal of evidence accumulation across decisions based on both sensory input and long-term memory.
3248h agoPeople with autism spectrum disorder process emotional faces differently, with a unique relationship between neuron density in the left amygdala and functional activity while processing emotional faces.
3248h agoWorking memory capacity expands during early learning of a naturalistic skill and continues to strengthen with practice, even after overall performance has plateaued.
3248h agoInhibiting oxytocin-expressing neurons at different stages of development has distinct and long-lasting effects on social behavior and metabolism in mice, varying by sex and timing of inactivation.
3248h agoThe exposome, a person's complex environment, affects cognitive development in children by altering functional connectivity in the brain, which in turn relates to individual differences in cognitive performance.
3248h agoAn adaptive brain-computer interface system using frequency-specific auditory stimulation increases alpha activity and decreases gamma activity in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome, enhancing cognitive readiness.
3252h agoDynamic functional brain connectivity can be represented as an image that captures its changing network topology over time.
3252h agoAnimals use past experiences to adapt future behavior by re-coding sensory inputs in neural structures, and plasticity within these structures plays a crucial role in associative learning.
3252h agoResource limitations fundamentally alter optimal estimation strategies in biological systems, causing organisms to switch between memoryless and memory-based strategies depending on sensory reliability.
3252h agoThe firing of individual neurons is highly coordinated and forms non-linear structures called neural manifolds, which may correspond to continuous attractors shaped by recurrent connectivity between neurons.
3252h agoThe proposed Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) describes the planar spectrum of a holographic conformal field theory with specific global symmetry, and it leads to Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz equations that constrain the worldsheet S-matrix.
3252h agoThe hyperbolic approximation of the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation is studied and asymptotic-preserving numerical methods are developed to conserve important invariants and preserve energy.
3252h agoThe open string partition function on a local toric Calabi--Yau threefold is a tau-function of multi-component KP hierarchy.
3252h agoA generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation accurately captures key properties of universal bound states in 2D attractive Bose systems and predicts the existence of universal excited states, including vortex configurations.
3252h agoThe study's agent-based model explains how regret, uncertainty, and social norms interact to shape vaccination behavior during epidemics by capturing how individuals make probabilistic choices influenced by material payoffs, fear, trust, and social approval.
3252h agoStochastic resonance in Mackey-Glass equations can occur in two forms: stable resonance with negative Lyapunov exponents and chaotic resonance with positive Lyapunov exponents.
3252h agoMulti-lump waves in a new higher-dimensional water wave model are non-interacting and exhibit different geometrical patterns.
3252h agoThermodynamic efficiency can be generalized to settings with multiple control parameters, and it relates to how well system parameters can be inferred from observable behavior or how difficult it is to navigate the statistical manifold.
3252h agoThe reconnection processes of 3-solitons with 2-resonance produce stem structures that initially connect two pairs of V-shaped branches, then disappear, and re-emerge as new forms.
3252h agoThe large N limit of spectral duality exists between rational Gaudin models, which corresponds to a 2d hydrodynamics on a torus described by a noncommutative torus algebra.
3252h agoHigh-dimensional random dynamical systems exhibit chaotic and fixed point attractors, and their response to periodic perturbations shows synchronization only in specific regions of the frequency-amplitude spectrum.
3252h agoThe study finds that skin effect driven localization and Anderson driven localization coexist in certain parameter regimes, even with large disorder present.
3252h agoThe Holevo information measures reveal distinct phases in how quantum information is distributed between subsystems, with a sharp transition between exponential decay and linear growth with system size.
3252h agoOrdinary lattice defects, such as vacancies and substitutions, can serve as probes of non-trivial topology in electronic Bloch bands and detect changes in the local topological environment.
3252h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
3252h agoDisorder in topological insulators triggers a quantum phase transition into a normal insulator, causing small droplets of normal insulators to form and eventually condense into a trivial insulator.
3252h agoNeural networks with certain properties have an overlap gap that makes it hard to find two distinct sets of weights that assign the same labels to all data.
3252h agoA new liquid theory for structural glasses reveals a space-dependent glass order parameter and predicts a non-trivial spatial profile within a confining cavity.
3252h agoA general modeling framework unifies multisensory causal inference with optimal feedback control, allowing for dynamic interaction between perception and action in uncertain environments.
3252h agoObserving touch influences how people perceive touch, with visual information enhancing the pleasantness and continuity of digitally delivered tactile stimuli, especially when the observed touch is similar to affective stroking.
3252h agoSub-strain origin profoundly influences post-stroke intestinal barrier integrity, bacterial dissemination, and immune responses.
3252h agoIncreased striato-striatal coupling, including synchrony, spectral power, and functional connectivity, occurs in the brain after a stroke, suggesting more involvement of subcortical areas in network reorganization than previously thought.
3252h agomGluR1 increases the surface expression of Kv1.2 through a constitutively active, protein kinase A-dependent pathway, not through its known agonist-driven pathway.
3252h agoSimple images of static paws analyzed by AI provide accurate detection of various physiological states, including postural changes associated with nerve injury, pain, aging, and genetic disorders.
3252h agoDecoding human emotion states from neural activity helps improve human-computer interfaces, psychiatric diagnostics, and neuromodulation therapies. or High-performance decoding of human emotion states is achieved by integrating neural activity from grey and white matter. I changed it to a more direct and simple sentence. The original sentence was more of an introduction to the topic. Here is the final rewritten response: High-performance decoding of human emotion states is achieved by integrating neural activity from grey and white matter.
3252h agoThe brain integrates low-level perceptual judgments with high-level strategic adjustments through a neurocomputational model that uses attractor networks and recurrent neural networks to navigate multi-level decisions.
3252h agoA three-dimensional vectorial extension of the Hopfield associative-memory model produces memories with better storage and retrieval performance, especially with high connectivity, by creating a rigid energy landscape with deep minima for stored patterns.
3256h agoTraining predictive neuroimaging models on one ethnic group results in best performance within that group, but models perform unevenly across ethnic groups, with disparities reduced by training on equal-sized diverse subsamples.
3256h agoAntiviral type I Interferons drive motor deficits and regional astrocyte aging in the cerebellum, leading to motor decline with increased expression of Stat1.
3256h agoFish exhibit a head stabilization behavior similar to the vestibulo-collic reflex (VCR) found in tetrapods, achieved through rostral body flexion during pitch tilts.
3256h agoMitoEM 2.0 provides a curated dataset for training and evaluating 3D mitochondria instance segmentation in volume electron microscopy, including expert-verified labels and standardized data formats.
3256h agoFast-conducting mechano-nociceptors play a key role in driving nocifensive behaviors, enabling rapid avoidance of noxious mechanical stimuli in mice and humans.
3256h agoStimulation of the thalamus can modulate conscious experience, with changes in emotional, visceral, or somatosensory domains, and is connected to brain regions like the cingulate, insular, and prefrontal cortices.
3256h agoDTI-ALPS primarily reflects white matter microstructure rather than glymphatic flow in the context of neurodegeneration.
3256h agoJuvenile mice with a genetic mutation in PCDH19 exhibit increased seizure susceptibility and disrupted distribution of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the hippocampus and cortex.
3256h agoNeuronal assemblies in the orbitofrontal cortex that are active after learning already exist before learning and play a role in memory consolidation and retrieval.
3256h agoInhibition from the Superior Olivary Nucleus helps regulate sound source detection in birds by protecting neurons from losing sensitivity to interaural time differences with increasing sound level.
3256h agoThe visual cortex uses a high-dimensional population code to represent visual stimuli, which is made possible by non-smooth peaks in the tuning curves of individual neurons.
3256h agoThe ventral tegmental area (VTA) shows cell type-specific changes in gene expression that help some individuals adapt to chronic stress and remain resilient, while the lateral habenula (LHb) shows minimal changes.
3256h agoAdvanced meditation elicits distinct states of consciousness with reproducible neural trajectories marked by changes in brain organization, reduced suffering, and improved attention and equanimity.
3256h agoPost-mortem human brain tissue is stiffer and less able to absorb energy than living brain tissue, with changes in its mechanical properties occurring over time after death.
3256h agoA neural mass model shows that local disfacilitation, topology-dependent propagation, and synchrony-dependent amplification throughout the connectome are sufficient to produce post-lesional slow waves.
3256h agoMrGPRX1 signals from endosomes to sensitize TRPV1 channels, enhancing itch signaling through a process involving protein kinase C and ERK activation.
3256h agoAdvancing the speed and accuracy of spike sorting is essential to fully realize the potential of large-scale electrophysiology, and a new end-to-end spike sorting pipeline that leverages parallelization can scale to large datasets and run reproducibly on various computing environments.
3256h agoThe PLP-Syn mouse model of multiple system atrophy shows brain atrophy and microstructural changes similar to those in patients, linked to genes regulating myelination, gliogenesis, and neuroinflammation.
3256h agoA brain-computer interface can improve decision-making quality by detecting uninformed decisions and prompting users to seek more information.
3256h agoDeleting the Cnih3 gene in mice impairs learning and memory processes, reduces opioid intake, and may play a role in opioid use that differs between males and females.
3256h agoGenerative algorithms can now produce diverse, synthesizable, high-performance molecules through a new method called SynGFN, which links molecular design and synthesis.
3260h agoThe brain's motor cortex integrates distorted proprioceptive feedback from muscles by separating it into a distinct activity subspace, allowing for precise control of limb movement despite the disruption.
3264h agoTemporal attention improves auditory discrimination only at the first targeted time point and then remains sustained without tradeoffs, and this pattern differs from that of visual attention.
3264h agoGuanosine nucleotide production is essential for generating proper microglial diversity by regulating microglial branching during postnatal development.
3264h agoThe C9ORF72 G4C2 repeat expansion in human iPSC lines leads to both loss-of-function and gain-of-function pathological features characteristic of ALS/FTD, including reduced C9ORF72 mRNA and protein levels, RNA foci accumulation, and increased dipeptide repeat protein levels.
3264h agoPreparing a sequence of movements does not impose additional temporal costs relative to preparing a single movement, as reaction time increases are fully explained by uncertainty in selecting the first target.
3264h agoThe APOE4 allele disrupts cholesterol processing in the brain, particularly in young mice, and interacts with age and sex to influence endolysosomal cholesterol homeostasis, with female APOE4 mice showing the greatest dysregulation.
3264h agoThe ShA and LgA groups, defined by differential access to opioids, consist of mixtures of different opioid user types.
3264h agoArousals during sleep associated with muscle tone decreases are linked to a higher genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease and greater cognitive decline in late middle-aged individuals.
3264h agoThe spinal cord shows distinct frequency-specific spatial patterns of activity during sustained pincer-grip contraction, with the ipsi-anterolateral region exhibiting high task-relevance and connectivity with the motor cortex.
3264h agoCANDY, a new framework, aligns neural and behavioral data to identify preserved low-dimensional dynamics across days, subjects, and recording sessions, enabling robust cross-session behavioral decoding.
3264h agoTractometry analysis reveals that study design parameters, such as sample size and along-tract resolution, affect the detection of dementia- and amyloid-related effects, with finer segments producing more localized effects and larger cohorts needed to detect subtle amyloid-related effects.
3264h agoDifferent tractography algorithms produce different results in mapping white matter microstructure in Alzheimer's disease, with probabilistic tracking detecting stronger effects in some areas and deterministic tracking detecting greater sensitivity in others.
3264h agoAging causes thermoceptive deficits through axonal degeneration and selective nerve fiber vulnerability, while a genetic neuropathy causes thermoceptive dysfunction through conduction-related impairment due to dysmyelination.
3264h agoA deep learning approach that combines brain connectivity and coil coordinates accurately predicts stimulation sites and maps cortical excitability in some individuals.
3264h agoBrain tumors disrupt calvarial bone and alter the immune landscape of skull marrow.
3268h agoThe synaptic weights in brain networks follow heavy-tailed distributions that decay faster than a power-law, and a proposed mechanism explains this deviation from the global behavior.
3268h agoA personalized graph-based model accurately predicts the progression of Alzheimer's disease in individuals by capturing the spread of pathology across brain networks.
3276h agoBrain dynamics during awake and sleep stages have distinct patterns, which can be characterized by analyzing intracranial recordings and mapped onto a complexity-entropy plane to reveal their unique dynamic signatures.
3276h agoA statistical thermodynamics-inspired framework uses macroscopic state variables to quantify stability and reconfiguration in neuropsychological systems, and finds that informational heat increases during environmental switches and decision errors, while correct choices are preceded by lower temperature and higher free energy.
3276h agoPredictive coding induces structured representations when networks are sufficiently deep and trained with multi-step prediction horizons, recovering the underlying latent structure of the environment.
3276h agoThe receptive field shapes in the primary visual cortex expand over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between responses computed under different viewing conditions.
3276h agoBrain networks have distinct structural and functional properties, with structural networks showing robust features and functional networks showing increased variability, according to an analysis using complex dynamics and fractal geometry.
3276h agoAI and neuroscience continue to grow together, with AI research increasingly focused on neurodegenerative diseases since the 1990s, but AI technologies are not widely transferred across different subfields.
3276h agoA new tool called ActiTect uses machine learning to identify rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) from wrist-worn actigraphy recordings with high accuracy.
3276h agoA frustration parameter introduced into a model of self-propelled particles drives a transition to a resting hexagonal lattice with spatiotemporal patterns when the frustration exceeds a critical point.
3276h agoPainlev\'e solitons are waves that arise from the interaction between Painlev\'e waves and solitons in integrable systems.
3276h agoSynchronization emerges through a sequential transition between chaotic itinerancy and intermittent synchronization as coupling increases in complex systems.
3276h agoControllability of a system can be achieved by designing a controller based on inferred multibody couplings from partial observations.
3276h agoChaos in a system is crucial for ensuring that its governing equations can be uniquely identified from a finite set of observations.
3276h agoThe perception of room acoustics has 5 key dimensions that can be explained by acoustic measures including echo density, fractal correlation dimension, roughness, loudness, and early decay time.
3276h agoWood aging affects the sound brightness of a harpsichord differently depending on string position, with lower strings becoming brighter and higher strings becoming less bright.
3276h agoThe proposed language competition model predicts a wide range of possible equilibrium scenarios, including coexistence of two languages, where minority language speakers can be monolingual or bilingual.
3276h agoThe Discrete Non Linear Schrödinger model displays an equilibrium transition between a homogeneous phase at positive temperature and a localized phase at negative temperature.
3276h agoAtom interferometers based on quantum droplets can be used for interferometry, and their performance depends on atom number and interaction strength, allowing potential applications as a tilt-meter, target detector, and rotation sensor.
3276h agoA superintegrable generalization of the Zernike systems has higher-order integrals and can be interpreted as a perturbation of the 2D harmonic oscillators.
3276h agoA feedback controller removes the first Fourier harmonic from a plant's output by adjusting its control force parameters to eliminate a periodic external force.
3276h agoBrain networks have distinct structural and functional properties, with structural networks showing robust features and functional networks showing increased variability, according to an analysis using complex dynamics and fractal geometry.
3276h agoTo accurately model complex climate systems, researchers find that emulators must have an appropriate coarse-grained representation and careful parameterizations of unresolved processes.
3276h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have a universal statistical property where quantities that diverge at a singularity follow a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution.
3276h agoThe dynamics of phase elements on a unit circle under oscillating external fields result in Arnold tongue-like structures in parameter space, where initially random distributions aggregate into highly anisotropic states.
3276h agoFusion categories with a non-invertible, self-dual object give rise to integrable anyonic chains with a Hamiltonian density that satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra.
3276h agoThe entanglement depth in a one-dimensional random monitored quantum circuit scales as a power law with system size in both volume and area law phases.
3276h agoDisorder in mechanical systems induces robust polarization of zero modes, which become mobile solitons in the nonlinear regime and display new dynamics features.
3276h agoA discontinuous transition emerges in an explosive percolation model when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of large clusters.
3276h agoA three-dimensional vectorial extension of the Hopfield model uses unit vector neurons and synaptic couplings to create a rigid energy landscape, leading to improved memory capacity, enlarged basins of attraction, and enhanced stability.
3276h agoRare system-wide resonances play a crucial role in the stability of the many-body localization phase, and three distinct regimes - ergodic, intermediate, and robust localized phases - emerge depending on the influence of these resonances.
3276h agoA dataset-free weight-initialization method for Bernoulli-Bernoullirestricted Boltzmann machines is derived based on statistical mechanical analysis, initializing weights from a Gaussian distribution with optimized standard deviation.
3276h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model's Majorana spectrum shows a Gaussian distribution, indicating its chaotic quantum nature, and has higher "quantum magic" than the non-chaotic SYK2 model.
3276h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have a universal statistical property where quantities that diverge at a singularity follow a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution.
3276h agoA novel natural compound called MIC reduces tau pathology and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease model mice, and improves memory performance in a age-dependent manner.
3276h agoThe alpha phase directly modulates perceptual cycles in multisensory integration, with individual alpha phase patterns causally linked to how people process multiple sensory inputs.
3276h agoThe dentate gyrus network computations for pattern separation are disrupted in temporal lobe epilepsy, with the reorganized network generating less distinct activity patterns and impairing memory.
3276h agoFGF13 remains inside cells and interacts with voltage-gated sodium channels within the cell, rather than being secreted to interact with extracellular proteins.
3276h agoAcetylcholine reflects uncertainty during hidden state inference, guiding behaviour by tracking the uncertainty of internal estimates in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus.
3276h agoInhibiting the SARM1 enzyme with a new class of base-exchange inhibitors only delays, rather than prevents, neurite degeneration in neuronal cells.
3276h agoHousing facility and time of treatment affect how cancer patients respond to methotrexate therapy, influencing body mass, gut microbiome composition, inflammatory cytokine profiles, and central nervous system gene expression.
3280h agoNeuroSort, a new spike sorting framework, isolates individual neurons from large-scale recordings by fusing spatiotemporal information, enabling analysis of up to thousands of neurons.
3280h agoThe superior colliculus integrates target guidance and behavioral history signals to control efficient visual search performance by using dynamic, mixed, and pure selectivity mechanisms.
3280h agoThyrotropin-releasing hormone protects hippocampal neurons against glutamate toxicity through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway and new protein synthesis.
3280h agoOlfactory neuron changes and neuroinflammatory responses are detectable in Alzheimer's disease, even in its pre-clinical stage, through analysis of olfactory brush biopsies.
3280h agoStress exaggerates autonomic reflexes critical in cardiorespiratory function, increasing susceptibility to sudden unexpected death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) in mice with hyperactive stress circuits.
3284h agoSelf-compassion helps protect people's self-esteem when they perform poorly, promotes more positive emotions during challenging tasks, and leads to higher self-esteem after the task.
3284h agoRepeated adolescent NMDAR antagonism weakens thalamofrontal synaptic transmission, leading to short-term memory deficits by reducing release probability and vesicle refilling at thalamus to prefrontal cortex synapses.
3284h agoNeurons in the macaque inferotemporal cortex respond to images in a simple-to-complex progression over time, with early responses to simple images and later responses to more complex images.
3284h agoChildren with ADHD have difficulty perceiving speech in noisy settings because they have trouble focusing visual attention on the right speaker and do not benefit as much from seeing lip movements when listening to speech.
3284h agoHeart rate variability amplitude correlates with depth of self-transcendent experiences, compassion, and emotional improvement during numadelic virtual reality experiences.
3284h agoEarly exposure to a high-fat diet triggers hypothalamic microinflammation and insulin resistance in males but not females, and this sex difference is linked to the activity of the JNK3 pathway in microglia.
3284h agoCross-excitation between neurons in a dorsal root ganglion can not be explained by existing hypotheses, and appears to be an important part of normal sensory information processing.
3284h agoMoving a figure boundary outside of a neuron's receptive field reduces adaptation and hinders perceptual filling-in, with greater eccentricities requiring larger movements to interfere with filling-in.
3284h agoThe GluTrooper mouse line, engineered to express a glutamate sensor, enables long-lasting imaging of glutamate dynamics in the brain with high spatial and temporal resolution.
3284h agoLoss of a gene called pebbled leads to degeneration of motor axons and neuromuscular junctions in adult flies, causing motor deficits, due to excessive activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway.
3284h agoPhosphorylation of Tau protein modulates its interaction with microtubules, with the overall number of phosphorylated sites playing a more dominant role than their specific locations.
3284h agoReaching memories are encoded in tight association with the recent history of preceding gaze states.
3284h agoHebbian plasticity enables neural networks to associate sensory inputs with internal states, but it can lead to a "freezing" of the network's structure and reduced flexibility in learning when input and output patterns are weakly correlated.
3284h agoTSPO knockout prevents abnormal brain activity and connectivity in Alzheimer's disease models by changing network dynamics.
3284h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives the action-invigoration component of the Pavlovian bias by modulating reward prediction error signals.
3284h agoSample size plays a central role in shaping EEG study outcomes in psychiatry, with small samples producing unstable results and larger samples producing consistent and reproducible findings.
3284h agoThe lateralized readiness potential can serve as a neural signature for habits, and stronger habits require more frontal midline theta power to inhibit them.
3284h agoAδ high-threshold mechanoreceptors densely innervate skin and organs, detect intense damaging stimuli, and are necessary for protective responses to sharp mechanical stimuli.
3284h agoPartial loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain leads to changes in gait precision in rats, with females showing different patterns of motor adaptation than males.
3284h agoA deep convolutional neural network estimates surface reflectance and predicts human lightness perception, accurately replicating classic lightness illusions and outperforming traditional models.
3284h agoInhibiting O-GlcNAcase partially restores O-GlcNAc homeostasis in brain and blood of OGT-CDG mice, but does not rescue symptoms.
3284h agoDeep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum improves cognitive control by enhancing decision-making, with right-unilateral stimulation being the most effective, and works similarly in both humans and rodents.
3284h agoThe Penn Longitudinal Executive functioning in Adolescent Development study provides a new data resource that combines imaging data with clinical and cognitive information to study executive function development in adolescents with and without psychiatric conditions.
3284h agoCold-responsive neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus mediate cold-induced pain relief by releasing enkephalin and activating opioid receptor signaling in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray.
3284h agoThe dorsolateral striatum facilitates forelimb movements and sustains their execution, while promoting efficient whole-body locomotion, particularly during turns.
3284h agoLarger language models better match human behavior and brain activity during reading, but instruction tuning does not provide a similar benefit.
3288h agoSleep and wakefulness consolidate memory in different ways, with sleep strengthening memories in a specific context and wakefulness enhancing memories that are not tied to a particular context.
3288h agoCLN3 is essential for synaptic function, and its loss causes defective synaptic vesicle release, reduced synaptic strength, and early functional disturbances that can be corrected by gene therapy.
3288h agoProtectin DX alleviates postoperative pain in a mouse model by activating GPR37, promoting macrophage healing, and modulating pain-sensing neurons.
3288h agoTDP-43 is modified by SUMOylation, a process facilitated by PIAS1 and PIAS4, and this modification occurs in response to oxidative stress.
3288h agoExpertise transforms the brain's representations, shifting from surface features to high-level relational information, and becomes more compact, organised, and efficient, allowing for rapid and flexible decision-making.
3288h agoThe hippocampus constructs a temporal framework anchored to relevant behavioral events, with neuronal activity transitioning abruptly between discrete states to track distinct phases of a behavioral sequence.
3288h agoAlcohol dependence causes changes in brain proteins that disrupt the blood-brain barrier, trigger neuroinflammation, and stress cells, whereas alcohol exposure without dependence activates protective mechanisms that regulate inflammation and maintain brain health.
3288h agoAfferent feedback mechanisms help mammals maintain walking after a sudden loss of ground support by facilitating adaptive coordination between limbs.
3288h agoHuman iPSC-derived motor neurons can develop into mature neuronal networks with dense synapses within 28 days when optimized differentiation and targeted neuromodulation are used.
3288h agoImpaired dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens during social interactions leads to social deficits in autism spectrum disorder, and activating dopamine during play can rescue these deficits.
3288h agoArea 29e in the brain acts as a specialized hub that helps anchor internal spatial representations to external landmarks.
3292h agoPeople with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and insomnia have different brain activity patterns during threat conditioning and extinction learning, and better sleep quality is associated with greater engagement of neural substrates of extinction learning.
3292h agoNeurogenesis in vertebrates starts with neuronal cell bodies forming clusters along the spinal cord, from which axons radiate outward to form a network that is refined through selective cell death.
3292h agoValproic acid attracts nematode worms by directly activating their chemosensory neurons through a pathway that involves receptor guanylate cyclases and G protein-coupled receptors.
3292h agoAPOE4 and amyloid-beta interact to create an early vulnerability in neurons, leading to changes in brain function and setting the stage for Alzheimer's disease.
3296h agoEarly life adversity increases vulnerability to substance use disorders by altering the brain's reward circuitry, specifically by upregulating striatal D1-receptor density and disrupting the balance with D2-like receptors, which in turn promotes alcohol drinking.
3296h agoThe basal ganglia circuit organization, particularly pathway overlap and D2 receptor dynamics, regulates the speed and reliability of discrimination learning, and specific dopamine perturbations lead to distinct learning impairments.
3296h agoMedial olivocochlear efferent gain control plays a role in auditory enhancement and its alteration by hearing loss.
3296h agoOxytocin-producing neurons in the brain regulate social play behavior in a sex-specific way, with certain populations of these neurons decreasing social play in males but not females.
3296h agoThe cerebellum implements an oscillatory forward model for motor timing, adjusting its role in coordinating sensorimotor integration according to sensory predictability.
3296h agoExtensive alternative splicing of NRXN1 generates a diverse range of isoforms that contribute to neuropsychiatric disease when disrupted, with distinct splicing programs across different brain cell types and developmental stages.
3296h agoThe Parietal Memory Network, also called the Salience Network, responds to both old memories and salient stimuli, but not specifically to mnemonic familiarity, and a separate network, the Frontoparietal Network B, responds to familiar memories.
3296h agoThe brain's ability to entrain to the rhythm of music in the theta band predicts people's urge to move along with it, and this can be accurately decoded from EEG patterns.
3296h agoHuman cooperation depends on accurately inferring others' motives, and a new model shows that people learn these motives through Bayesian belief updating, revealing diverse moral phenotypes, including moderate altruism, strong inequality aversion, and nonlinear payoff valuation.
3300h agoThe study's claims about reconstructing visual imagery from brain activity are invalid due to multiple methodological concerns, including biased reporting, artificial performance inflation, and lack of advantages over existing techniques.
3300h agoThe direction and speed selectivity properties of simple and complex cells in the primary visual cortex can be explained by a theoretical model of spatio-temporal receptive fields based on velocity-adapted affine Gaussian derivatives.
3300h agoGrid cells in the brain encode distance by de-correlating population activity, allowing for accurate navigation with a simple coding scheme.
3300h agoPhysarum polycephalum's adaptive dynamics follow a least-action principle that balances energy use and transport efficiency to find optimal paths between nutrient sources and sinks.
3300h agoWeakly electric fish use electric organ discharges and movement patterns to collectively forage, and a novel computational framework shows that artificial agents can learn to do the same, reproducing behaviors seen in real fish collectives.
3300h agoDynamics in low-rank networks can be high- or low-dimensional, and are suppressed in directions aligned with the network's low-rank structure when driven by high-dimensional inputs or perturbations.
3300h agoThe Koopman and Perron-Frobenius operators can be approximated using exponentials of infinitesimal generators, allowing for efficient computation when the underlying vector field of a dynamical system undergoes small changes.
3300h agoThe Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-$\alpha$ model's ergodic properties are characterized by a timescale where action diffusion leads to ergodic temporal fluctuations, which is longer than the timescale indicated by the maximum Lyapunov exponent.
3300h agoThe distance between solutions to the integrable Korteweg-de Vries equation and non-integrable generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations remains close over long times for small initial amplitudes, but deviates at an explicit rate for larger amplitudes.
3300h agoThe Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain with long-wavelength random initial data enters a prethermal state, characterized by a Burgers-type shock and a turbulent-like spectrum, when the energy per particle is small.
3300h agoQuadrupole-based fluxes agree well with Teukolsky results across a broad range of orbital configurations for Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals, and novel numerical methods reveal diverse resonance-crossing behaviors.
3300h agoA novel dynamic mode with bounded oscillatory motion breaks symmetry in a generalized Kuramoto model, enhancing global coherence and giving rise to a mixed state with different degrees of ordering.
3300h agoPerfect crystals exhibit brittle plastic yielding after experiencing mechanically driven elastic instability, similar to glassy materials, due to a change in their atomic configuration to a quasi-amorphous state.
3300h agoThe enstrophy flux in 2D turbulence with linear friction is suppressed in the cascade, causing the small-scale vorticity field to be passively transported by the large-scale flow.
3300h agoParticles in lattices with discrete-step unitary evolution reach a thermal state with infinite temperature and chemical potential due to weak nonlinearities.
3300h agoThe impedance matrix of complicated electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
3300h agoThe eigenvalues of matrix-valued dynamical processes generated by nonnormal Toeplitz matrices with additive rank 1 perturbations distribute around the zero-eigenvalue, and this distribution is caused by uncontrolled rounding errors in computer simulations, not the original system.
3300h agoThe geometric multiplicity of the zero eigenvalue in a nonnormal matrix-valued dynamical system with discrete time increases over time, eventually matching its algebraic multiplicity, leading to a relaxation process from a far-from-normal to a near-normal matrix.
3300h agoRhombohedral-stacked N-layer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger networks exhibit $2N$-fold degenerate zero-energy edge states with a winding number that equals the layer number.
3300h agoThe square lattice Hubbard model exhibits a non-superconducting filled stripe phase at strong coupling and low hole-doping, while superconductivity coexisting with partially-filled stripes or uniform d-wave superconductivity emerges under certain conditions.
3300h agoThe basins of attraction in complex energy landscapes can be defined solely through geometric principles, as shown by the universal force distribution and hierarchical organization of inherent structures in hard-sphere systems.
3300h agoA novel deterministic equivalence for the two-point function of a random matrix resolvent leads to a unified derivation of the performance of high-dimensional linear models trained with stochastic gradient descent.
3300h agoA modified Drude-Lorentz model that incorporates quantum corrections provides consistent electronic parameters for disordered ultra-thin NbN films, including an electron relaxation rate of 1.8 eV/ℏ, a Fermi velocity of 0.7 × 10^6 m/s, and an electron density of states of 2 states/eV/V.
3300h agoThe interplay between unitary dynamics and quantum measurements induces diverse phenomena in open quantum systems, and a tenfold classification of symmetry and topology of monitored free fermions reveals the role of topology in measurement-induced phase transitions.
3300h agoThe impedance matrix of complicated electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
3300h agoThe ADNP missense mutation p.C687R disrupts chromatin regulation and GABAergic lineage specification, leading to impaired neuronal migration and cortical branching.
3304h agoNeural activity in the primary visual cortex of mice can be separated into two parts: one driven by external sensory input and the other by internal brain states.
3304h agoConsciousness transitions follow both gradual and discrete changes, with three of four sleep stage transitions showing gradual changes and one showing a threshold event.
3304h agoAlcohol cues trigger automatic approach tendencies that promote problematic drinking, but a counterconditioning intervention paired with retrieval cues can reduce these tendencies and improve adaptive behavior.
3304h agoThe brain uses parallel policy matrices to adapt to new environments by transferring previous experiences, allowing for faster adaptation and reduced after-effects when faced with changed conditions.
3304h agoCerebrospinal fluid tracer drains into the skull bone marrow through different regions, and this drainage is linked to sex, hypertension, diabetes, inflammation, sleep quality, and cognitive function.
3304h agoBipartite entanglement within a non-compact SU(1,1) symmetry manifold is present in the proton spin ensemble of the living human brain, potentially underlining a functional holographic memory mechanism.
3304h agoThe functional connections within the higher-order visual area anterolateral area (AL) remain more robust over time and change less between stimulus-driven and resting-state conditions than those in the primary visual cortex (V1).
3304h agoCircadian timing does not modulate photoreceptor activation, the earliest stage of visual processing, as shown by a lack of variation in luminance or chromatic contrast sensitivity across the day.
3304h agoThe melanopsin pathway, a key input to the body's internal clock, receives systematically different light inputs from various natural scenes, with indoor scenes without windows having the lowest and outdoor scenes having the highest light input.
3304h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation induces site-specific plasticity in the human corticospinal tract, increasing corticomotor excitability and intracortical facilitation, and scaling with individual differences in white matter microstructure.
3304h agoAllowing more peaks to be extracted in a popular method for analyzing brain activity decreases the reliability of estimates, and a modified approach called censored regression offers more reliable and accurate results.
3308h agoThe perceived intensity of tactile sensations is determined by the frequency, amplitude, and waveform shape of vibration applied to the skin, with each parameter having a distinct role.
3308h agoNeural markers, specifically N100 and P300 components, are reliable and stable across individuals and over time, even when deviating from group-level patterns.
3308h agoCa2+ and cAMP signaling pathways interact in mouse olfactory bulb astrocytes, with adrenergic receptors regulating both pathways through complex mechanisms.
3308h agoCerebral ischemia impairs synaptic transmission mainly by disrupting the sodium gradient, which causes dysfunction of glutamate uptake, rather than by excessive glutamate release or failure of glutamine synthetase.
3308h agoSleep-driven replay helps transfer new memories from the hippocampus to the cortex by reshaping the synaptic-weight landscape, allowing new information to be incorporated without degrading old memories.
3308h agoThe premotor activity in the pretectum and optic tectum collectively controls predatory orienting through both crossed and uncrossed pathways.
3308h agoThe neural code can be clearly defined by breaking down auditory spike trains into variable-duration "packets" within which precise spike timing does not matter.
3308h agoThe visual system conducts a precise search within the central 1-degree foveola, using tiny eye movements called microsaccades to efficiently examine details.
3312h agoPumilio acts in intestinal stem cells and the endocrine corpus allatum to regulate the transition to sleep through a gut-endocrine-brain signaling axis.
3312h agoMost minimally verbal autistic individuals have hidden receptive language and reading abilities, demonstrated through eye movements in response to language-based stimuli, despite appearing to have severe cognitive and language impairments on traditional assessments.
3312h agoVisual information is encoded more accurately at specific phases of alpha oscillations, which are the dominant rhythm of the human brain.
3312h agoVisual fear conditioning leads to a selective release of acetylcholine in the primary visual cortex, which enhances visually-evoked neuronal responses and enables sensory-guided behavioral learning.
3312h agoThe cerebellum contributes to controlling syllable duration in songbirds by providing neural signals that precisely encode syllable boundaries.
3316h agoThe growth cones in the developing hippocampus have a changing proteomic composition across the first five postnatal days, with distinct protein subsets and markers that regulate their development into region-specific neural circuits.
3316h agoThe HEALthy Brain and Cognitive Development study uses advanced brain imaging to chart brain development in 7,200 infants until age 10, and has developed new image processing techniques that improve data quality and show expected developmental patterns.
3316h agoThe prefrontal cortex and striatum show sensory responses that emerge and strengthen with sensorimotor learning, with the prefrontal cortex exhibiting both modality-specific and generalized sensory representations, while the striatum's sensory responses depend on the order of learning.
3316h agoThe superior parietal lobule links observed actions with internal goals, while the motor cortex maintains intention-specific codes, to support action understanding.
3316h agoSwitching from the Alzheimer's risk gene APOE4 to the protective gene APOE2 reshapes Alzheimer's disease-related metabolism, reduces neuropathology, and enhances cognition.
3320h agoHigher states of endogenous estrogen enhance reward prediction errors, which promotes adaptive behavior and improves performance.
3320h agoReplacing the Alzheimer's risk gene APOE4 with the protective APOE2 in astrocytes alters metabolism and gene expression, reducing amyloid pathology and gliosis.
3320h agoDopamine encoding of reward prediction errors fluctuates over females' reproductive cycles due to estrogenic signaling caused by reduced expression of dopamine reuptake proteins.
3320h agoGreater genetic overlap exists between neurological and psychiatric disorders than previously recognized, supporting a more integrated view of brain-related illness.
3320h agoA new genetic tool allows labeling, tracing, and manipulation of premyelinating oligodendrocytes, enabling further study of this cell stage during myelination.
3320h agoSpared nociceptors after partial nerve injury remain sensitized, driving long-term tactile hypersensitivity.
3320h agoTwo distinct beta band components, low-beta (<20 Hz) and high-beta (>20 Hz), coexist throughout the neocortex and play different roles in movement initiation, maintenance, and termination.
3320h agoThe brain uses a network of neurons in areas such as the hippocampus, insula, and cingulate cortex to hold onto sounds in memory, with most of these neurons decreasing their activity while maintaining the sound.
3320h agoPKM{zeta} and PKC{iota} are crucial for maintaining long-term potentiation and spatial memory in mice, with PKM{zeta} usually playing the key role and PKC{iota} acting as a backup.
3320h agoNon-verbal children with autism spectrum disorder have a widespread pattern of underconnectivity across key brain networks involved in speech, language, and cognitive processing.
3320h agoThe metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 modulates the voltage gated potassium channel Kv1.2 through suppression involving protein kinase C (PKC), leading to Kv1.2 endocytosis and facilitation of eyeblink conditioning.
3320h agoBetti curve features, particularly those from connected components and 1D holes, effectively capture structural brain alterations associated with aging and differentiate normal from pathological aging.
3324h agoCurrent AI systems achieve high performance in some neural connection proofreading tasks, but struggle with others, and may eventually augment or replace human proofreading in connectomics.
3324h agoA lightweight dynamic brain connectivity framework using Time Varying Directed Transfer Function accurately classifies stress levels with 89-94% accuracy using machine learning models, by capturing temporal and causal influences between brain regions from EEG recordings.
3324h agoA stable fixed point in threshold-linear networks can have a support that is not minimal, containing the support of another stable fixed point.
3324h agoExplainable machine learning, using brain connection maps from fMRI data, classifies people with brain disorders with 91.85% accuracy and identifies reliable biomarkers.
3324h agoEarth's gravity shapes human development by guiding the brain's integration of sensory inputs into an internal model of gravity, which a new dual computational framework models to predict and interpret human performance in different gravitational conditions.
3324h agoNeglecting racial variation in brain network architecture reduces predictive performance in cognitive and affective phenotypes, and different populations have distinct brain network patterns linked to Alzheimer Disease progression and worry levels.
3324h agoPsychology uses a mathematical formulation called process theory to formalize human psychodynamics, enabling precise study of cognitive processes in contexts such as psychotherapy, neurotechnology, and AI safety.
3324h agoGraph-theoretical labeling characterizes complex networks, and cordial labeling and signed product cordial labeling reveal structural balance and cooperative neural dynamics in brain connectivity graphs.
3324h agoAn AI-driven near-infrared spectroscopy system provides real-time, layer-specific oxygenation data from the brain cortex with high accuracy, outperforming conventional methods in simulations, phantom experiments, and clinical validation.
3324h agoBrainCSD, a new foundation model, jointly synthesizes functional and structural connectivity biomarkers and supports diagnosis and prediction tasks with high accuracy.
3324h agoFunctional brain networks of cannabis users and non-users show topological differences, according to a permutation test that compares topological features while preserving individual network structures.
3324h agoLarge Language Models process language in a way similar to the human brain, with different neurons handling different grammatical categories.
3324h agoA formal framework shows that neural activity in the form of discrete spikes or collective waves can be causal or not, and determines conditions under which any signal can be shown to matter.
3324h agoAnalyzing changes in functional connectivity helps understand how brain diseases or experimental stimuli affect brain function.
3324h agoA novel graph-based deep learning framework, called ExPANet, differentiates major depressive disorder patients from healthy controls with superior performance using electroencephalography recordings.
3324h agoPeople match their choice frequencies to target frequencies in stochastic environments, and their choices can be explained by a simple combination of matching and maximizing strategies.
3324h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations.
3324h agoA sharp criterion for the stability of compactly supported solitons is established based on the nonlinearity and eigenspace projection, and it is applied to specific lattices.
3324h agoJacobi's old method for constructing integrable Hamiltonian systems is being presented as a new Stäckel lift construction related to Haantjes geometry.
3324h agoA simple algebraic method generates travelling wave solutions for equations in the Burgers hierarchy, with findings showing that higher-order equations have smooth solutions supported by nonlinear terms and identical complete solutions.
3324h agoAn adaptive Kuramoto model with hyperedges shows that interactions beyond pairwise links drive emergent phenomena in complex systems, leading to new insights into synchronization and phase transitions.
3324h agoGrowth in human societies is driven by socioeconomic and demographic changes at multiple scales, with local levels showing the most intense growth rates and spatial selection effects.
3324h agoThe lens hyperbolic modular double is a new algebraic structure that produces a lens hyperbolic hypergeometric solution of the Yang--Baxter equation.
3324h agoMultiscaling emerges in both the magnitude and orientation of the velocity vector in turbulent flows, not just in longitudinal velocity increments.
3324h agoIntegrable deformations of a semisimple Frobenius manifold's hierarchy of topological type can be constructed, and these deformations have polynomial tau-structures.
3324h agoBichromatic periodic modulation of interaction strength generates and controls complex nonlinear patterns in one-dimensional ring condensates by dictating instability onset and excited modes.
3324h agoA dynamic prioritization strategy that continually allocates vaccine doses based on long-term epidemic outcomes can minimize the final epidemic burden by balancing indirect transmission blocking with direct protection of important groups.
3324h agoOptical pulses generate Faraday-like waves in ordered quantum solids that persist longer than the pulse duration.
3324h agoA novel modeling approach uses the Lorenz attractor framework to simulate unsteady aircraft airflow by breaking down the force distribution exerted by a wing into turbulent and nominal components.
3324h agoThis perspective deals with real scalar fields in two-dimensional spacetime, focusing on models with one and two real scalar fields, specifically kinks and lumps.
3324h agoA class of nonlinear evolution equations is constructed using invariants of a projective transformation, and some symmetry-integrable equations in this class are identified.
3324h agoDeveloping data-driven models of multiscale systems requires identifying an appropriate coarse-grained representation and careful parameterizations of unresolved processes to reproduce both stationary statistics and responses to external perturbations.
3324h agoThe reverse space-time higher-order modified self-steepening nonlinear Schrödinger equation has integrability verified through its Lax pair and conservation laws, and its solutions exhibit novel wave patterns including kinks, solitons, and rogue waves.
3324h agoThe nonlinear factorization method, modified to depend on both dependent and independent variables, obtains isochronous waveform solutions of homogeneous Li\'enard equations.
3324h agoThe quasipotential function can be discovered directly from data using machine learning, allowing for the prediction of escape mechanisms from metastable states in nonlinear dynamical systems.
3324h agoHigh stress levels are indicated in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
3324h agoConformally symplectic diffeomorphisms reveal deep interactions between a manifold's topological properties, a map's dynamical properties, and the geometry of invariant manifolds.
3324h agoThe cluster percolation point changes as the fraction of antiferromagnetic bonds increases in the three-dimensional random-bond Ising model, and a percolation transition occurs above the thermodynamic ordering point with two percolating clusters of equal density.
3324h agoThe solution to the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass shows a hierarchical organization in disordered systems that remains stable even when 36% of the network is diluted.
3324h agoA machine learning model can calculate intermolecular charge transfer integrals in organic semiconductors by modeling the relative position of dimer pairs, reducing the need for individual calculations.
3324h agoIsotopic defects arranged in a specific pattern can suppress or enhance phonon scattering, maximizing or minimizing phonon transmission in a targeted frequency window.
3324h agoThe density correlations of eigenvalues of large random matrices retain a universal form even when the matrix elements evolve over time.
3324h agoThe disordered defect-fluorite Ho2Zr2O7 exhibits slowing spin dynamics and a unique crystalline-electric field energy scheme, with structural disorder allowing the mixing of low-lying states at finite temperatures while preventing long-range magnetic order.
3324h agoThe winding number of a parametrized non-Hermitian random matrix field exhibits universal features in the large-dimension limit, with a new correction term identified beyond the Ginibre Unitary Ensemble.
3324h agoThe likelihood of each stable state in species-rich ecosystems increases with its total biomass, and can be accurately predicted using just two properties: biomass and species diversity.
3324h agoThe critical exponent for a $d$-dimensional elastic manifold at depinning is given by $\zeta = \frac \epsilon3 + 0.04777 \epsilon^2 -0.068354 \epsilon^3 + {\cal O}(\epsilon^4)$, which estimates to $\zeta(d=1)=1.266(20)$, $\zeta(d=2)=0.752(1)$, and $\zeta(d=3)=0.357(1)$.
3324h agoNon-reciprocity does not always destroy glassiness in disordered systems, instead it can lead to an oscillating amorphous phase with slow dynamics and oscillations.
3324h agoThe nonaffine elastic response in strongly disordered materials has large-scale exponentially decaying correlations that extend over a length scale determined by the strength of the disorder.
3324h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field, with computed critical exponents and a lower critical dimension consistent with previous estimates.
3324h agoLocalization transitions occur without symmetry breaking because they involve the emergent breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is revealed by a new order parameter called the time-averaged local translational contrast.
3324h agoQuantum Reservoir Computing with a few two-level atoms outperforms traditional computing in memory retention and nonlinear data processing.
3324h agoThe electrolyte modifies the composition and molecular order of the polymer semiconductor PEDOT:PSS, enabling bistable and non-volatile behavior in organic electrochemical transistors.
3324h agoQuantum Reservoir Computing uses a system of just five atoms to perform complex computational tasks efficiently and with low energy consumption.
3324h agoLearning a flow-based generative model with a two-layer auto-encoder leads to a distribution of generated samples that depends on the number of training samples and can suffer from mode collapse.
3324h agoVariational Monte Carlo training sets with frozen variational parameters lead to a self-consistency error that spoils the accuracy of machine learning interatomic potentials, but applying a correction can generate more accurate potentials.
3324h agoEntropic forces arising from stochasticity and discrete-time updates govern representation learning in neural networks, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations.
3324h agoA new algorithm called microcanonical simulated annealing (MicSA) reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, making it possible to run complex physics and biology models more efficiently.
3324h agoChemically distinct glass-forming liquids have universal features in their spectrum and temperature dependence of main structural relaxation.
3324h agoHAPLINA2 protein is increased with aging and Alzheimer's disease risk, and its levels are higher in mice with a genetic risk for Alzheimer's, affecting the brain's extracellular matrix.
3328h agoExposure to growing levels of nanoplastics disrupts brain lipid metabolism, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and Parkinson's disease-like neurodegeneration, which can be reversed by antioxidant treatment.
3328h agoLesioning the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system during prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease does not exacerbate AD-like neuropathology and cognitive impairment, but instead worsens pre-existing conditions.
3328h agoChanges in brain connections during abstinence from opioids predict increases in craving, and a specific brain network involving multiple systems contributes to this process.
3332h agoThe integration-segregation theory explains exogenous attention with cue-target event integration and segregation competing, and brain scans show cued targets activate attention networks while uncued targets engage the medial temporal cortex.
3332h agoA human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived forebrain organoid model carrying an ALS-associated TDP-43 mutation spontaneously develops TDP-43 proteinopathy, including cytoplasmic p-TDP-43 accumulation, RNA dysregulation, and cryptic exon inclusion.
3332h agoThe IRF7/ISG15 axis in microglia inhibits NLRP3 expression and improves the prognosis of ischemic stroke in mice by reducing neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal survival.
3332h agoQuNex recipes provide a transparent and machine-readable format for defining and executing complete neuroimaging workflows, enabling seamless integration of commands, custom scripts, and external tools, and facilitating reproducible and shareable studies.
3332h agoFatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) regulates cerebellar inflammation in MSA pathogenesis by linking glial inflammation, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial injury.
3332h agoPeople rely on internal and tactile information from the toss to plan and catch a moving object, and without this information, their ability to anticipate and catch the object is greatly reduced.
3332h agoThe development of specific brain circuits is characterized by distinct connectivity patterns and molecular cascades that can be studied at single-cell and spatial resolution using a new tool called inducible barcoded rabies virus.
3332h agoThe study corrects the authors' previous work on transsynaptic labeling and transcriptional control of neural circuits in zebrafish.
3336h agoThe FOODEEG dataset provides a large collection of neural and behavioural data on food choices from 117 participants, including EEG responses, behavioural measures, and questionnaire-based measures.
3336h agoActivation of ovBNST Vipr2 neurons increases food intake, and these neurons are activated by food restriction and project to feeding-related regions in the brain.
3336h agoElevated levels of HERV-K transcripts, particularly pol, are found in exosomes from ALS patients, suggesting they could serve as accessible biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment monitoring.
3336h agoNerve transection injuries trigger sympathetic fiber sprouting and pain through increased norepinephrine levels, whereas crush injuries cause pain through different mechanisms.
3336h agoDepleting microglia during the subacute phase after stroke promotes cortical network reorganization and motor recovery.
3336h agoNeural oscillations across the brain organize into a low-dimensional coordinate system that reflects local brain activity, relates to brain functions, and changes with age and disease.
3336h agoThe over-representation of certain di-synaptic motifs among excitatory neurons induces synchrony, but this excess synchrony is reduced when the same motifs are also present among inhibitory neurons.
3336h agoA whole-brain computational model reproduces brain dynamics underlying the loss and recovery of consciousness, providing a potential explanation for the transition between these brain states.
3336h agoMild stress disrupts the estrous cycle in mice, causing a longer cycle length, and may contribute to reduced fertility.
3336h agoKlotho protein deletion in the choroid plexus causes region-specific calcification that worsens with age, but does not lead to major structural or functional changes in mice.
3336h agoHair cells in zebrafish have similar electrical properties and vesicle release mechanisms across most of their body, but those in the tail region have smaller responses, and lack of otoferlin b gene reduces these responses.
3336h agoChildren have a less organized brain network for controlling attention and memory than adults when working with AI to generate creative ideas.
3336h agoSynergistic interactions among neurons increase with long-range correlations in the visual cortex of awake mice during visual stimulation, facilitating efficient information processing across long distances.
3336h agoHumans plan ahead 2-4 targets in sequential reaching movements, but increasing resistance to movement does not change the planning horizon.
3336h agoiMSCs secretome preserves dopaminergic neurons and improves motor function and anhedonia in a Parkinson's disease rat model, by activating broader pro-survival and regenerative pathways.
3336h agoMusical groove influences neural oscillations in the sensorimotor network, with stronger mu suppression found during active movement and when experiencing high musical groove.
3336h agoThe temporal alignment between naturalistic stimuli features and brain activity measured with fMRI varies considerably, and accounting for feature-specific delays improves the accuracy of mapping these features to brain activity.
3336h agoModulating the autonomic response to errors does not affect conscious error detection in healthy older adults, suggesting that autonomic activity is a consequence, not a cause, of conscious error awareness.
3336h agoAcute psychosocial stress enhances interval timing by selectively reducing temporal underestimation, with men showing greater improvement in temporal accuracy than women.
3336h agoICAM-5 is a specific marker for isolating neuronal-derived extracellular vesicles from human biofluids, which can improve the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions.
3336h agoRepeated experiences are never processed identically, with sensory systems adapting to familiar input and interpretive systems continuously reshaping meaning based on current internal states.
3336h agoAversive conditioning causes changes in EEG alpha-band oscillations and pupil dilation, but individual participants show more variability in pupil-dilation responses than in alpha-power responses.
3336h agoVasopressin receptor antagonism accelerates resynchronization of locomotor activity rhythms to new light-dark cycles by strengthening the SCN's resistance to internal desynchronization.
3336h agoChronic alcohol exposure impairs working memory and downregulates KV7 function in specific brain cells, but KV7 activation can restore working memory function.
3336h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) helps people make decisions by separating their emotional responses to unfair situations from their choices, allowing them to balance self-interest and social norms.
3336h agoInhibiting GCPII with 2-MPPA treatment changes protein patterns in the aging primate cortex, particularly in areas vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease, and affects pathways related to protein damage, amyloid and tau processes, and synaptic function.
3336h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex connects to both noradrenergic and GABAergic neurons in the locus coeruleus, with cell-type-specific differences in glutamate release properties that enable adaptive regulation of behavior.
3336h agoApathy increases over time in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and is more common in people with certain brain diseases, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration, hippocampal sclerosis, and Lewy body disease, especially in males.
3340h agoInsecticide exposure during adolescence disrupts multiple neural systems, leading to learning and memory impairments, depression-like behaviors, and other neurotoxic effects.
3340h agoCBD-loaded polymeric micelles improve brain concentration of CBD and core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in a rat model when administered intranasally.
3340h agoLate second language listeners use prediction in similar ways as native listeners to understand continuous speech.
3340h agoTargeted head rotations help filter out distractions and improve focus by working together with neural activity to support selective attention.
3340h agoLearning to read requires access to phonological representations, which are linked to reading proficiency in both deaf and hearing adults through visual speech and text.
3340h agoThe brain co-activates multiple lexical alternatives during language use, with activity in language regions predicted by embeddings of several top-ranked words, not just the word ultimately used.
3340h agoThe nervous system's regulation of beta-band sensorimotor rhythm varies greatly among individuals and within individuals depending on task demands, affecting the strength of corticomuscular coherence.
3340h agoHigh-field 7T MRI improves the precision and reliability of personalized functional brain mapping in infants, especially in subcortical structures, compared to 3T MRI.
3340h agoThe vigor of dexterous movements is not controlled by ongoing fluctuations in extracellular dopamine within the dorsal striatum of mice.
3344h agoA fully automated machine learning tool called ActiTect identifies rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) from wrist-worn actigraphy recordings with strong accuracy across different devices and cohorts.
3348h agoNeural activity forms non-linear structures called neural manifolds, which may correspond to continuous attractors shaped by recurrent connectivity between neurons.
3348h agoThe motor cortex activity sustains and reconfigures during brain-machine interface control to generate movements of different durations.
3348h agoPhysiological data from wearable devices can accurately predict scores on established cognitive tests in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
3348h agoA slow voltage-gated ion channel increases wave speeds in a network of neurons and enables subthreshold oscillations that structure the intervals between neural firing events.
3348h agoNeural networks can decode brain activity into speech by mapping EEG recordings to audio representations with improved performance using personalized architectures.
3348h agoTRACE, a new contrastive learning framework, learns a two-dimensional embedding of neural time series data by averaging across different subsets of trials, outperforming other methods and capturing biologically relevant variation and cell-type-related structure.
3348h agoPOSSM, a novel hybrid architecture, enables fast and efficient decoding of neural activity, achieving accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art models at a fraction of the inference cost.
3348h agoImproving benchmarking metrics, researchers calculate confidence intervals for error consistency, a key measure of alignment between machine learning models and human observers, and provide guidance on required trials for conclusive experiments.
3348h agoImagination helps access an internal world model, and analysis shows human and large language model imagination networks have key differences.
3348h agoThe study proves that two diffusively coupled neurons with electromagnetic induction and a switchable memristive autapse can achieve global asymptotic stability of synchronization, and provides a quantitative measure of the energetic cost of synchrony.
3348h agoA new linearized dynamics preserves phase space volume in chaotic systems, even in non-Hamiltonian systems, by modifying the tangent space dynamics to prevent volume collapse.
3348h agoDiscrete integrable operators have a connection to higher-order pole solutions of integrable hierarchies, and they come in two classes: those with 2x2 matrix kernels and those with general differential kernels.
3348h agoThe stability of two stationary solutions of the parametrically driven, damped nonlinear Dirac equation is determined by their sensitivity to small disturbances, with one solution always being unstable and the other being stable if dissipation is large enough.
3348h agoThe Stuart-Landau system extended to dimensions greater than 2 using Clifford's geometric algebra shows oscillatory dynamics confined to a hypersphere with extreme multistability, where an infinite number of limiting orbits coexist, each with a torus geometry.
3348h agoIntroducing a PT-symmetric complex potential in the ABS model of the cubic Dirac equation causes solitons to experience oscillations in charge and energy, with the imaginary part of the potential inducing these oscillations at the same frequency and phase as the momentum.
3348h agoHeterogeneity in laser parameters can promote synchronization in coupled lasers, allowing for stable coherence and power scaling in photonic systems.
3348h agoThe solution to the Yang-Baxter-like matrix equation $AXA = XAX$ for a general given matrix $A$ yields all anti-commuting solutions using the Jordan canonical form of $A$.
3348h agoA new framework quantifies causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems by linking approximate dynamical reversibility to singular value decomposition of inverse covariance matrices.
3348h agoThe Ikeda map in the conservative limit exhibits dynamics that can be interpreted as a composition of a rotation and a translation of the state vector, leading to the formation of shearless barriers when the system becomes nonintegrable.
3348h agoAdding simple prediction abilities to both preys and predators in a model leads to a new dynamic equilibrium where both species coexist and their populations grow indefinitely.
3348h agoA mathematical conjecture proposes that interacting agent systems approach a balanced state where inputs to each agent compensate each other when individual interactions do not scale down in proportion to the network size.
3348h agoIncreasing the initial total circulation of vortices accelerates turbulence onset, changes transport from sub- to super-diffusive, and determines late-time behavior in decaying incompressible 2D Navier-Stokes turbulence.
3348h agoHeterogeneity in laser parameters can promote synchronization in coupled lasers, allowing for stable coherence and power scaling in photonic systems.
3348h agoThe Yukawa-SYK model bridges single-particle and many-body chaos, and its interaction strength controls the transition between different chaotic regimes.
3348h agoMachine learning models using Artificial Neural Networks provide more accurate predictions of quantum wavefunction probability distributions, while Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems provide more interpretable results with fewer parameters.
3348h agoInteractions and quasiperiodic driving in a one-dimensional boson model can generate synthetic dimensions, leading to Anderson localization and critical behavior in two, three, or four effective dimensions.
3348h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law, which states that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency, is confirmed by experimental results from a large number of materials over the past fifty years.
3348h agoNon-Hermitian systems with non-reciprocal hopping show a non-Hermitian skin effect where states localize exponentially at one edge under open boundary conditions.
3348h agoExposing amorphous indium oxide films to an electron beam at room temperature makes the exposed region superconducting with an adjustable transition temperature up to 2.8 K.
3348h agoA new class of materials called Gyromorphs combines disorder and rotational order, enabling the formation of low-index-contrast isotropic bandgaps and outperforming other materials in 2D and 3D.
3348h agoTopological area-law-entangled phases emerge in monitored free-fermion dynamics, hosting dynamical topological modes whose entanglement is protected from being quenched by measurements.
3348h agoThe scaling theory of fading ergodicity shows that two-parameter scaling governs the entire ergodic regime in interacting systems, evolving into one-parameter scaling at the ergodicity breaking critical point and giving rise to resilient one-parameter scaling near the ETH point.
3348h agoThe mismatch negativity brain response is generated by additional input to the brain's outer layers from the thalamus, which causes specific currents in brain cells that produce the response.
3348h agoAnimals can link events with their outcomes even if they happen far apart in time, and neural networks can achieve this by reactivating prior events at the time of the outcome.
3368h agoA neuroscience-inspired neural network model uses feedback inhibition to improve pattern separation and stable activity, and also provides insights into cognitive disorders and robot learning.
3368h agoParvalbumin interneurons in the striatum help restrain actions and precisely control the timing of movements by synchronizing the firing of other neurons.
3368h agoThe neural activity of lumbar spinal neurons exhibits rotational dynamics during locomotion and transitions to a fixed-point attractor when stopping, reflecting a low-dimensional locomotor manifold and a postural manifold.
3368h agoIntrinsic fluctuations in ion dynamics serve as a neural mechanism for the temporal organization of co-fluctuations and resting-state functional connectivity.
3368h agoThe lateral horn neurons reformat the activity of projection neurons in two distinct ways, discarding information about odor identities with similar valence and about continuing odor presence.
3368h agoAstrocytes in the hippocampus have distinct subtypes with different characteristics, and these subtypes respond differently to aging, showing changes in gene expression, protein function, and interaction with neurons.
3368h agoNeural circuits in the frontal orienting field (FOF) and anterior dorsal striatum (ADS) encode time and sensory evidence during decision-making, with FOF and ADS sharing similar dynamics during evidence evaluation but diverging near decision commitment.
3368h agoBMP signaling determines prion entry into cells, with its activation increasing prion uptake and its dysregulation occurring during chronic prion infection.
3380h agoRepeated opioid withdrawal episodes cause microglia in the brain to become more reactive, leading to a proinflammatory response and more severe withdrawal symptoms.
3384h agoMutations in the GBA1 gene cause neuronopathic Gaucher disease by leading to defective acid beta-glucosidase and accumulation of glycosphingolipid substrates, which results in inflammation and neurodegeneration.
3384h agoThe alternative splicing of a circadian clock gene, timeless, regulates seasonal responses of Pigment Dispersing Factor signaling, helping insects adapt to seasonal changes.
3384h agoTask congruence affects how neural populations encode information, with incongruent rules reducing cross-task generalizability, increasing neural complexity, and impacting cognitive flexibility.
3384h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides a unified explanation for brain responses to rare and unexpected events, and for how attention affects processing of relevant stimuli.
3384h agoThe retina detects salient visual stimuli and sends this information to the superior colliculus, rather than the superior colliculus generating it on its own.
3384h agoCurrent rat models of Gulf War illness are unreliable and fail to consistently produce symptoms of the condition, posing challenges for developing effective treatments.
3384h agoAssociative dendritic-spine enlargement plays a causal role in supporting awake cortical processing and wakefulness.
3384h agoParkinson's disease can be modeled in the spiny mouse, which shows more pronounced behavioral impairments, greater brain degeneration, and higher protein inclusions than mice, providing new insights into the disease's molecular underpinnings.
3388h agoKetamine disrupts conscious access in healthy subjects by reducing early visual responses, and this disruption relates to its psychotomimetic effects.
3388h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex and hippocampus interact to support rapid learning and retrieval of goal-directed actions in humans, with hippocampal ripples playing a key role in coordinating communication between these brain areas.
3392h agoPlateau potentials in the neocortex rapidly reshape neuronal representations through behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity, supporting rapid learning by changing synaptic weights in a single trial.
3392h agoThe anterior claustrum dynamically integrates different inputs over time and broadcasts a changing representation to other brain regions, allowing for context-dependent interpretation.
3392h agoThe basolateral amygdala pathway to the prelimbic cortex regulates and reduces the motivational effects of reward-associated cues, making them less desirable.
3392h agoThe cerebellum's dentate nucleus plays an active role in memory consolidation, with information transferred from the cerebellar cortex to the nuclei as learning progresses.
3392h agoScientists developed a method to selectively target dopamine neurons in mice and marmosets using specially designed viruses, allowing for more precise study of these brain cells.
3396h agoShort-term dynamics directly influence long-term plasticity, shaping neural circuit connectivity and information processing through changes in synaptic frequency dependence.
3396h agoEmotional salience strengthens neural tracking of attended conversations by sharpening attentional selection and semantic integration, and it does so in a nonlinear way across the conversational arc.
3396h agoDisruption of somatotopic patterning along the whisker-to-barrel pathway affects mice's ability to discriminate textures and their exploratory behavior.
3396h agoKetamine and psilocybin have distinct effects on sensory learning in the brain, with ketamine reducing the effect of sensory precision and both drugs reducing the expression of belief precision.
3396h agoCalcium permeates through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by partial dehydration, while magnesium blocks the channel by remaining hydrated and binding outside the selectivity filter.
3396h agoSurround modulation shapes neural responses across the visual hierarchy, with motion-dependent suppression in motion-selective areas, facilitation in early visual areas, and category-dependent modulation in scene-selective regions.
3396h agoA multi-scale simulation approach predicts that disease-associated variants of the AMPAR neuroreceptor and voltage-gated ion channels impact neuronal excitability by altering membrane potential and neural spikes.
3400h agoAn offline reconstruction pipeline for GE dMRI acquisitions provides access to complex, unfiltered dMRI data, allowing for denoising in the complex domain, which offers superior noise floor suppression and improved data quality compared to scanner reconstruction and proprietary denoising methods.
3400h agoCircadian clocks in Drosophila melanogaster integrate light and temperature cycles with varying lag times to regulate activity and gene expression, with morning and evening activity showing different temperature sensitivity.
3400h agoPathogenic variants in SLC6A1 reduce GABA uptake by 89.4% on average, and some variants of uncertain significance also show reduced uptake, providing a basis for reclassification.
3400h agoThe Kv6.4 potassium channel subunit modifies the firing properties of fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive neurons, enhancing their ability to release GABA and precisely control inhibitory output.
3400h agoEstradiol increases wakefulness and decreases sleep in female rats by acting on specific brain regions, particularly the median preoptic nucleus, through estrogen receptors.
3400h agoLarge-language models boost brain-computer interface spellers by correcting errors and transforming them into intelligent agents that can assist and discuss with users.
3400h agoFear causes people to rapidly reconfigure their visual attention, prioritizing threat detection, and increases their affective arousal, with acute and sustained fear having distinct effects on eye movements and pupil size.
3400h agoPeople with multiple sclerosis have higher levels of lactate in a key brain region, which correlates with their perceived effort, and different responses to physical tasks compared to healthy controls.
3400h agoThe left anterior temporal lobe underpins abstract verbal semantic processing, while the left fusiform gyrus contributes to general semantic processing across verbal and non-verbal stimuli, and the left posterior middle temporal gyrus plays a critical role in integrating verbal and non-verbal semantic information.
3400h agomiR-219 and other microRNAs regulate synaptic plasticity by controlling Ral signaling via RalGPS, enabling presynaptic remodeling and growth in response to neuronal activity.
3404h agoThe hippocampus and cortices of the medial temporal lobe are involved in working memory, with different subregions playing distinct roles during the process of learning, maintaining, and manipulating information.
3404h agoMotor imagery modulates both cortical and spinal cord processing, offering potential for neurorehabilitation in conditions like spinal cord injury and stroke.
3404h agoMotor commands do not always return to their original state after adaptation to a changed environment is no longer needed, especially for complex actions like walking.
3404h agoAuditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) can assess auditory masking, which decreases ASSR amplitude, and the relationship between ASSR and masking threshold depends on the frequency, level of the probe signal, and the masker level.
3404h agoSpinal neurons encode limb posture through a combination of joint-based and limb-centered representations, with some neurons firing selectively at specific limb configurations to provide a framework for controlling movement.
3404h agoDopamine depletion changes the dynamics of acetylcholine in the striatum, and L-DOPA treatment fails to normalize these changes.
3404h agoA new EEG-based model, MHASNet, accurately classifies taste perceptions into five categories with 94.33% accuracy, providing an objective, neurophysiology-based solution for taste evaluation.
3404h agoRepresentational drift in the neural code is caused by presenting specific stimuli, with drift for a given set of stimuli accelerating when that set is presented and slowing down when other stimuli are presented.
3404h agoRetinoic acid-like signaling molecule DM04 enhances nerve regeneration by promoting neurite outgrowth, neural induction, and motor recovery in spinal injury models.
3404h agoThe brain's sensory maps of the back are preserved in people with chronic low back pain, challenging the idea that this condition is caused by changes in the brain's sensory processing.
3404h agoPupillary responses vary with the task being performed, with glossiness ratings associated with pupil constriction and attractiveness ratings associated with pupil dilation at different times.
3408h agoAutism spectrum disorders are linked to changes in the striatum, a brain region important for learning and motor control, with specific cell types showing altered gene expression and synaptic functions.
3408h agoThe APOE CC variant protects against Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Parkinson's disease proteinopathies, including amyloid-beta, tau, and alpha-synuclein pathologies.
3412h agoConsciousness is a macro phenomenon that cannot be explained by micro-level laws alone, requiring a new methodology that acknowledges the causal efficacy of macro-level phenomena.
3420h agoDeep learning models that mimic biological neural networks have driven major breakthroughs in developing models of perception and cognitive processes, but they still struggle with incremental learning and rely on biologically implausible error propagation algorithms.
3420h agoFunctional brain graphs occupy a low-dimensional latent geometry where topological and spectral structures vary together, and this geometry can meaningfully separate brain states and decode visual stimuli.
3420h agoHumans use 3D body position information to judge social interactions, and simple 3D pose features describing face position and direction can accurately predict human social judgments.
3420h agoAn expanded polyglutamine in huntingtin causes toxic gain of function, leading to protein aggregation and neuronal death through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding mechanisms.
3420h agoBlock-Term Tensor Discriminant Analysis (BTTDA) enhances classification accuracy in brain-computer interfaces by providing flexible multilinear dimensionality reduction, outperforming traditional methods in electroencephalography data classification.
3420h agoA novel method based on convex relaxation and optimization solves the problem of fitting reinforcement learning models to behavioral data in multi-armed bandit environments with comparable performance to the state-of-the-art but with reduced computation time.
3420h agoBiological brains likely use overlapping sparse ensembles of neurons to store memories, not dedicated storage locations, and this approach allows for greater retention of older memories.
3420h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) states that consciousness is fundamental to existence, and that an entity's cause-effect structure explains all properties of experience.
3420h agoScaling artificial neural networks does not improve alignment with the brain's visual processing patterns, but it does improve alignment with human object recognition behavior.
3420h agoRecurrent neural networks trained in closed-loop environments follow different learning trajectories and are governed by competing objectives of short-term policy improvement and long-term stability.
3420h agoTwo-dimensional discrete operators with eigenfunctions given by rational functions on spectral curves can be extended to difference operators that yield two-dimensional finite-gap Schrodinger operators at a fixed energy level through a limiting process.
3420h agoA hybrid data-driven framework combines score-based generative modeling with Neural Ordinary Differential Equations to accurately model multiscale dynamical systems, reproducing both long-term statistical properties and short-term transient dynamics.
3420h agoThe experiment demonstrates hidden multistability, where certain stable states are not detectable through conventional methods, using a programmable acoustic platform with competing nonlinearities.
3420h agoDisorder and nonlinearity in a one-dimensional stub lattice lead to three distinct dynamical regimes: weak chaos, strong chaos, and self-trapping, with subdiffusive spreading observed in the weak and strong chaos regimes.
3420h agoThe coupled Stuart-Landau equation study finds that unidirectionally coupled non-isochronous Stuart-Landau oscillators exhibit complex dynamics, including periodic, quasiperiodic, partially synchronized, and chaotic behavior, depending on parameter values.
3420h agoEntropy increases because information accessibility is geometrically bounded, resolving the paradox of time-reversible microscopic dynamics and irreversible macroscopic evolution.
3420h agoThe first-order trotterization of the critical transverse field Ising model retains its conserved quantities and exhibits a non-invertible Kramers-Wannier duality-symmetry that accounts for discrete translations in both space and time.
3420h agoIn fragmented habitats, individuals with stronger competitive traits accumulate in central areas, while those with weaker traits are displaced to the periphery, leading to spatial segregation.
3420h agoIn ecosystems with many species, coexistence is feasible under certain conditions, and species abundances follow a Gaussian distribution at equilibrium, but feasibility often breaks down before stability as the number of species increases.
3420h agoCritical slowing down can be used to predict tipping points in complex systems by measuring changes in the relaxation rate after perturbations.
3420h agoNoise affects the performance of digital memcomputing machines, causing a chaotic transition from successful to unsuccessful problem-solving, and their solvability correlates with the sign of the mean largest Lyapunov exponent.
3420h agoLie group methods are applied to delay ordinary differential equations to classify invariant equations, construct invariant solutions, and relate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches.
3420h agoThe internal community structure of populations determines the course of epidemics, with highly connected groups accelerating outbreaks and less connected ones slowing them down.
3420h agoLocalized focused ion beam irradiation induces stochastic oscillatory dynamics in simple two-terminal switching devices made of V2O3, leading to rapid current flickering and nonlinear behavior.
3420h agoLocalization transitions occur with the breaking of dynamical translational symmetry, which is a concept defined by the long-time dynamics of local observables.
3420h agoA physics-guided contrastive learning framework called XCCP accurately retrieves crystal structures and identifies symmetry from powder X-ray diffraction patterns, enabling high-throughput screening and autonomous laboratories.
3420h agoDisorder and nonlinearity in a one-dimensional stub lattice lead to three distinct dynamical regimes: weak chaos, strong chaos, and self-trapping, with subdiffusive spreading observed in the weak and strong chaos regimes.
3420h agoOptimal thresholding for lossy compression of a stochastic signal reveals Pareto-optimal trade-offs between retained mutual information and encoding cost, following a universal cube-root scaling with the product of the prior distribution and Fisher information.
3420h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a huge number of materials, as experimental results confirm that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency.
3420h agoThe interacting Anderson Quantum Sun model exhibits unconventional phases, including one with volume-law entanglement and intermediate spectral statistics, and another with Poisson level statistics and sub-volume entanglement growth.
3420h agoSparse random matrices often exhibit unbounded eigenvalue tails, called Lifshitz tails, and an analytical approach characterises these tails by linking eigenvalues to exponentially localised eigenvectors on highly-connected hubs of the network.
3420h agoSimple active models of matter can reproduce complex biological phenomena, and activity in these models affects how particles escape cages and fluctuate in lower dimensions.
3420h agoSmall singular values and their vectors in transformer models capture considerable information about the data, just like large ones.
3420h agoThe Landauer-Büttiker formula is extended to describe particle and energy currents with gain or loss in a finite region, revealing novel effects including current generation, disorder-induced current, and modified thermal and electrical conductances.
3420h agoLarge Language Models achieve peak generalization from minimal data when tuned to a sharp learning transition, allowing them to solve complex problems in fundamental physics.
3420h agoDeterministic quasipolynomial-time algorithms estimate the partition function to high accuracy for spin glasses in the mean-field setting.
3420h agoExposure to World War II bombings in the womb during the last trimester reduces grey matter volume in the brain, which leads to lower intelligence and higher obesity in adulthood.
3420h agoMini-pcdh15b-V4 restores photoreceptor structure and visual function in a zebrafish model of Usher syndrome type 1F, rescuing vision loss by recapitulating typical localization of Pcdh15b and re-establishing photoreceptor architecture and functional output.
3420h agoHIV-1 infection disrupts the gut microbiome, and a compound called S-Equol changes this microbiome in a way that affects motivation for cocaine in infected rats.
3420h agoThe human dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contains 22 types of sensory neurons and 10 types of non-neuronal cells that play a crucial role in sensing pain, touch, temperature, and movement.
3420h agoThe human brain processes audiovisual information through two complementary patterns of organization: a modality-switching system and a system with balanced representation of auditory and visual information.
3424h agoEarly caregiving experience changes the development of chloride transporters KCC2 and NKCC1 in the brain, affecting how neurons respond to inhibitory signals.
3424h agoAutism-linked genes are mainly expressed in the developing thalamus and germinal zones of the brain, with specific brain cells and areas showing high levels of these genes.
3428h agoThe APPA673T mutation reduces amyloid-beta plaque size in 5xFAD mice, and modifies amyloid-beta pathology in a genotype-dependent manner.
3428h agoBinocular conflict suppresses neural responses in mouse visual cortex, with cells that prefer ipsilateral gratings being suppressed and those that prefer contralateral gratings being less suppressed or enhanced.
3428h agoTwo distinct subtypes of major depressive disorder are identified based on changes in brain connectivity, with Subtype I showing overconnected brain areas linked to severe symptoms and Subtype II showing underconnected brain areas linked to treatment resistance.
3428h agoEstrogen regulates fat taste transduction in the taste system, particularly for fatty acid signaling, and influences the role of certain proteins in taste cells.
3428h agoThe human brain's cognitive networks have different organization patterns in the left and right hemispheres, and this organization varies more than expected across individuals, with no single pattern linked to higher cognitive ability.
3428h agoThe eardrum does not move or has a minimal impact on sound perception during eye movements, as sound localization performance does not vary with eardrum oscillations.
3428h agoNew machine vision technology enables precise measurement of behaviour in freely moving animals, and a standardized system and data processing method can be used to obtain 3D reconstructions of mouse behaviour.
3428h agoAstrocytes develop distinct behaviors and functions in 3D hydrogels with different extracellular matrix components, such as fibrin, which affects their conversion into neurons.
3428h agoImmature olfactory sensory neurons provide distinct odor input that helps with odor detection but not discrimination in the healthy olfactory system.
3428h agoRhythmic light stimulation produces multiple neural responses that coexist and have different impacts on cognition, contributing to variable study results.
3428h agoSensory inputs from the nose are internalized during sleep, with brain activity in the olfactory bulb diminishing during sleep and reappearing during wakefulness.
3428h agoBody cues dominate visual cues in human spatial navigation, even in large and visually rich environments.
3428h agoDifferent populations of octopaminergic neurons drive arousal in larvae and adult flies, showing a developmental switch in sleep-wake circuit architecture.
3428h agoMidbrain dopamine neurons reinforce actions by making stimuli valuable, which in turn supports the generation of action value representations in the intermediate caudoputamen.
3432h agoThe prefrontal regions, specifically the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, contribute to visual perceptual learning during sleep, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex involved in learning during non-REM sleep and the medial prefrontal cortex involved in stabilizing learning during REM sleep.
3432h agoIndividuals with asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease maintain cognitive function due to preserved mitochondrial bioenergetics, characterized by enhanced energy production and metabolism in certain brain cells.
3432h agoThe accuracy of lesion mapping analyses varies widely depending on the specific design used, with certain analysis designs performing better in terms of sensitivity and specificity to underlying critical correlates.
3432h agoNatural soundscapes reduce neural costs of noise exposure and preserve cognitive function, while noise exposure impairs attention and increases stress.
3432h agoA new model called LORAX creates better representations of odorants, enabling it to outperform existing models on predictive tasks by aligning more closely with olfactory neural representation.
3432h agoThe subthalamic nucleus plays multiple roles in decision formation and evaluation by processing sensory evidence, reward expectations, and decision evaluation, and is composed of subpopulations of neurons with different activity patterns.
3432h agoThe brain scans of mice with Huntington's disease show similar structural abnormalities to those found in humans with the disease, including shrinkage in the striatum, cortex, and corpus callosum, and growth in the cerebellum.
3432h agoBarrel cortex microcircuits process input from multiple whiskers in a direction-dependent way, with synaptic circuitry shaped to preserve temporal fidelity and selectively filter inputs according to whisking phase and direction.
3432h agoThe motor cortex instructs limb muscle activity patterns during climbing by selectively activating certain muscles at specific activity states through distinct neural activity patterns.
3440h agoMicroglia influence how amyloid-β affects astrocyte reactivity in Alzheimer's disease, contributing to cognitive impairment through tau phosphorylation and aggregation.
3440h agoFAPEX, a novel seizure prediction architecture, achieves approximately 10% improvement in F1-score and sensitivity over state-of-the-art baselines and consistently outperforms 33 baselines across 12 benchmarks.
3444h agoCortical circuits' diverse responses enable the inference of mechanistic circuit models, and a new statistical theory allows for analytically tractable and diverse dynamics in feature-tuned balanced state networks.
3444h agoBeta-band activity in the frontal cortex signals categorical decision outcomes, and its frequency shifts reflect changes in brain communication channels.
3444h agoPeople's choices in uncertain environments often match the frequencies of their desired outcomes, even if this approach is not optimal, and can be explained by a simple combination of matching, antimatching, maximizing, and minimizing strategies.
3444h agoThe coupled Chialvo neurons exhibit multistable behavior with two qualitatively different attractors, a chaotic basin that occupies most of the state space and a nonchaotic basin that stretches to infinity, with a fractal boundary leading to extreme final state sensitivity.
3444h agoThe NSD-synthetic dataset provides out-of-distribution generalization tests that help develop more robust models of visual processing and human vision.
3444h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function serves as a robust indicator of conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
3444h agoRecent advances in computational techniques have enabled individualized optimization of transcranial electrical stimulation by allowing for dynamic and subject-specific stimulation planning.
3444h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of progress in brain emulation since 2008, outlining current capabilities, ongoing challenges, and strategic priorities.
3444h agoDynamics in low-rank networks can be high- or low-dimensional, and are suppressed in directions aligned with the network's low-rank structure when driven by high-dimensional inputs or perturbations.
3444h agoA new type of recurrent neural network, called Fast Weight Programmers, uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage, changing dynamically over time based on input observations.
3444h agoThe reverse space-time higher-order modified self-steepening nonlinear Schrödinger equation has integrability verified through its Lax pair and conservation laws, and exhibits novel wave solutions including kinks, solitons, and rogue waves.
3444h agoNetworks with specific structure and dynamics can exhibit stable patterns of active and inactive clusters, where nodes in active clusters have nonzero velocity and nodes in inactive clusters do not.
3444h agoA novel type of lattice suppresses umklapp processes induced by cubic nonlinearity, allowing it to achieve closer to ballistic transport than existing lattices.
3444h agoThe Rossler system exhibits transitions between different types of chaotic attractors through a generalized intermittency scenario.
3444h agoThe cubic Szegö equation, a classical field theory, has a Lax integrability structure that allows for an explicit general solution, and its quantum version has purely integer spectra, indicating a special structure.
3444h agoThe Lotka-Volterra model shows that seasonal variations in food resources lead to chaotic dynamics and spatial structure in predator-prey competition, which can enhance ecosystem resilience.
3444h agoInteractions between excitons and phonons determine the stability of the superradiant state in quasi-2D structures, which is modulationally stable when the square of its amplitude does not exceed a critical intensity value.
3444h agoThe coupled Chialvo neurons exhibit multistable behavior with two qualitatively different attractors, a chaotic basin that occupies most of the state space and a nonchaotic basin that stretches to infinity, with a fractal boundary leading to extreme final state sensitivity.
3444h agoThe study develops an approach to describe fluctuations in the Kuramoto-Sakachu model, obtaining explicit expressions for the covariance function and variance of the complex order parameter.
3444h agoSolutions to the discrete Nahm equation with platonic symmetries correspond to SU(2) magnetic monopoles in hyperbolic space, and their spectral curves can be directly calculated.
3444h agoA new reaction-diffusion model generates fingerprint-like patterns that match real fingerprints in terms of microstructure distribution and basic classifications.
3444h agoThe presence of a dark matter halo around a Schwarzschild-like black hole modifies the spacetime curvature and leads to chaotic motion of a massive particle moving around the black hole.
3444h agoPeriodic orbits in the configuration space of ordered points on a two-dimensional sphere satisfy both semi-discrete analogues of mKdV and sine-Gordon equations and describe the characteristic motion of the Kaleidocycle.
3444h agoEukaryotic cells use dynamic patterns of filamentous actin and its regulators to promote different motility modes, including directed migration, turning, and ruffling, through complex interactions between active and inactive Rho-GTPase and F-actin.
3444h agoA new framework quantifies causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems by linking approximate dynamical reversibility to singular value decomposition of inverse covariance matrices.
3444h agoLagrangian multiforms appear naturally in multidimensional dispersionless integrable systems as higher-order conservation laws and in the context of Gibbons-Tsarev equations.
3444h agoOptimally designed networks for synchronization are sparse, bipartite, and have similar neighboring nodes, allowing them to globally phase-lock and synchronize without a threshold when a critical budget is exceeded.
3444h agoThe 2D Toda hierarchy has a family of tau-functions that can be expressed as a skew Schur function expansion formula.
3444h agoThe Self-Optimization model has the capacity for creativity, satisfying the necessary and sufficient conditions of a creative process, and learning is needed to find creative outcomes.
3444h agoA method called cascade quantization can systematically convert classical dynamical systems in two dimensions into their quantum counterparts while respecting physical requirements.
3444h agoA new approach reveals that odd elastic responses in crystalline systems lead to complex behaviors like self-rotation, self-propulsion, and fragmentation, and allows for control of these behaviors through variation of interparticle interactions.
3444h agoScientists use algorithmic information theory to infer past values in chaotic systems, finding two approaches that help identify the starting value of a series given its final value.
3444h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function serves as a robust indicator of conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
3444h agoThe quantum error correction threshold is closely related to the Nishimori physics of random statistical models, and coherent information can serve as a sharp indicator of phase transitions along the Nishimori line.
3444h agoChemically distinct glass-forming liquids have universal features in their spectrum and temperature dependence of main structural relaxation.
3444h agoSobolev training, which uses both function and gradient data, improves predictive performance of neural networks only when the degree of overparameterization is properly matched with the training method.
3444h agoSymmetry breaking in metasurfaces can enhance light trapping by strengthening in-plane nonlocal coupling pathways, and opens new electromagnetic coupling channels for polarization conversion.
3444h agoA new random matrix ensemble, defined by a Dyson Brownian motion process, captures the statistical properties of many-body localization in periodically driven systems.
3444h agoDisordered kinetic glass models from statistical physics can be used as toy models for autoregressive sequence generation, offering tunable correlations, easy sampling, and exact solvability in large state space dimensions.
3444h agoTraining molds the Riemannian geometry of neural network feature maps, with networks learning to magnify local areas along decision boundaries, especially in classification tasks.
3444h agoAll short-ranged microscopic disorders flow to the same universal fixed point in the strong-coupling limit of the functional renormalization group.
3444h agoCorrelations between energy levels help distinguish if a many-body system is integrable or chaotic, and a corrected surmise accurately captures spectral correlations in random matrices.
3444h agoSelf-attention layers can be understood through dynamical systems analysis, which reveals that normalization plays a key role in suppressing instability and oscillatory components, and that operating near a critical state is linked to high inference performance.
3444h agoNeural Importance Resampling enables efficient and unbiased sampling for simulating many-body quantum systems, supporting stable and scalable training for neural quantum states.
3444h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep physiology through the gut-microbiota-brain axis, and disruptions in its composition contribute to sleep disorders, neuroinflammation, and immune dysfunction.
3448h agoArtificial neural networks can develop patterns similar to mirror neurons in the human brain, which support cooperative behavior and empathy-like mechanisms, and may help align AI systems with human values.
3448h agoTourette syndrome is caused by rare genetic mutations, particularly protein-truncating mutations in genes that are intolerant to loss-of-function variation, which are distinct from those that cause autism spectrum disorder.
3452h agoEngineered inducible Calling Cards enable recording of DNA binding events in the living mouse, allowing precise control of when recording occurs.
3452h agoPeople born without the sense of smell have changes in brain tissue, mainly around the area responsible for processing smells, and specifically have decreased white matter in areas surrounding the olfactory sulcus.
3452h agoFace information is structured in the middle layer of the fusiform face area (FFA) before further processing, as shown by higher decoding accuracies for face images in this layer.
3452h agoEEG activity and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen are related and together underpin resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging metrics, with cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen serving as a primary mediator of their association.
3452h agoRepetitive learning enhances the parietal old/new effect, a neural marker of long-term memory, by increasing its amplitude and speed, but leaves the frontal old/new effect unchanged.
3452h agoPlasticity in neural networks negates the functional equivalence between recurrent neural networks and feedforward neural networks, limiting the unfolding argument for consciousness.
3456h agoBrain organization asymmetries in people with a rare condition called situs inversus totalis are mostly similar to those without the condition, but certain structural asymmetries are often reversed.
3456h agoThe brain uses separate neural systems, one in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex for pleasant situations and another in the anterior insula for unpleasant situations, to encode the value of experiences and guide decision making.
3456h agoA new EEG Source Imaging method accurately localizes epileptic zones from High-Resolution ElectroEncephaloGraphy data by imposing sparsity on source-level activity and its spatial gradient.
3456h agoHuman neurons have faster excitatory synaptic transmissions that enable rapid extraction of hidden patterns in complex environments.
3456h agoThis study identifies brain regions that can be targeted with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance learning of new words, and finds that a specific task can reliably measure language learning and brain activity changes.
3456h agoThe primary visual cortex (V1) exhibits a functional organization for speed tuning, with cells tuned for speed clustering together and simple and complex cells showing speed tuning across cortical layers.
3456h agoA chemical genetic-based screening approach identified stimuli that modulate gene expression differences in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) neurons, producing data that can be used to discover potential treatments for the disease.
3456h agoA specific genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor gene influences how female prairie voles interact with unfamiliar males, causing them to spend more time observing from a distance, especially at the start of interactions.
3456h agoKids with congenital heart defects have ongoing problems with blood flow to the brain, which can affect their thinking skills, and these problems differ by sex and defect severity.
3456h agoStatistical learning is not affected by sex or hormonal influences, but sex and menstrual cycle may shape some aspects of visuomotor behavior.
3456h agoEphaptic coupling, or electrical field effects of depolarizing neurons, plays a role in synchronizing neural ensembles and influences the development of neural circuits by affecting the timing of neuronal spikes.
3456h agoThe hippocampus has different parts that handle different tasks, with the dorsal part mainly processing spatial information and the ventral part handling emotional information, but cells in different regions respond similarly to spatial and social/odor stimuli.
3456h agoSIRT1 regulates depression by modulating cellular metabolism and circadian clock-controlled transcriptional regulation in different types of neurons in the brain.
3456h agoA new chemogenetic tool can inhibit a single subtype of voltage-gated sodium channel, allowing for precise studies of channel physiology and potentially manipulating action potential signals.
3456h agoThe cerebral blood flow and cell-body staining intensity similarity index (CCSI) reveals a region-specific alignment between laminar vascular and cellular profiles across the cortex.
3456h agoThe brain stores memories of sickness experiences, which when recalled, trigger reduced metabolism and increased immune responses.
3456h agoNeurofeedback training produces a small-to-moderate improvement in memory performance in healthy adults, particularly in younger adults and with protocols using electroencephalography and targeting verbal and short-term memory.
3460h agoScientists have identified an autoimmune target in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
3460h agoFast readers think ahead to upcoming words when reading.
3460h agoDopamine neuron firing reflects behavioral exertion.
3460h agoExoskeleton stiffness modifies muscle dynamics, but does not change spindle firing, which shows weak correlations with muscle length, velocity, force, and yank.
3464h agoThe visual thalamus represents the motion of a subject's movements, whether self-generated or externally imposed, in a simple and efficient way by combining active and passive motion signals.
3464h agoV1 cortico-cortical projection neurons develop connections with higher visual areas through a process of directed guidance, where specific neuron subtypes establish selective patterns early, followed by local refinement.
3464h agoEstrogen signaling in microglia limits metabolic problems caused by a high-fat diet, with male mice being more affected than female mice when this signaling is disrupted.
3464h agoAI-generated pictures evoke similar emotional responses to original pictures, with both types of pictures eliciting stronger responses to emotional content than neutral content.
3464h agoA new computational framework called CeDNe integrates different types of data to analyze the neural circuits of C. elegans, allowing researchers to connect network structure with function.
3464h agoThe brain uses condition-invariant neural codes to decode speech intelligibility across different listening environments, with contributions from auditory, frontal, and parietal regions.
3468h agoCytoNet, a foundation model, encodes microscopic images of the cerebral cortex into expressive features, enabling comprehensive brain analyses and top-tier performance in tasks such as cortical area classification and cell morphology estimation.
3468h agoCognitive control helps individuals pursue goals by managing perception, valuation, and action, and researchers understand it as a dynamic and distributed neural process involving brain regions that send top-down signals to guide task-specific activity.
3468h agoSchizophrenia compresses the sensory-to-association hierarchy in the brain, indicating reduced functional differentiation, and this compression disrupts neural computations, leading to less stable neural states.
3468h agoThe gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating sleep by influencing brain and body functions through the gut-microbiota-brain axis, and disruptions in its composition can lead to sleep disorders and other health problems.
3468h agoArtificial neural networks can develop patterns similar to mirror neurons in the human brain, which support cooperative behavior and empathy-like mechanisms, and could be used to embed ethical decision-making directly within AI architectures.
3468h agoThe Structurally Adaptive Predictive Inference Network (SAPIN) model learns by minimizing local prediction errors on a 2D grid, allowing it to successfully solve the CartPole task and maintain a stable policy.
3468h agoDeep learning models can reliably predict a person's entire brain MRI several years into the future from a baseline MRI, allowing for individualized prognosis.
3468h agoIntermediate arousal maximizes neural discriminability of tones in the auditory cortex, with a spiking model revealing that this relationship is due to a transition from a multi-attractor to a single-attractor phase in cortical networks.
3468h agoNeurons operate in two modes, coincidence detection and integration, which can be explained by a simplified model that captures their subthreshold dynamics.
3468h agoA new algorithm, the Desynchronization Index (DI), identifies the Epileptogenic Zone (EZ) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy by detecting independent behavior in brain channels, outperforming traditional methods.
3468h agoTask-modulated contrastive learning integrates top-down information to enable continual learning from a stream of unlabeled data and sparsely labeled examples without compromising generalization.
3468h agoEmergent properties arise in systems with many interacting parts, exhibiting characteristics such as universality, complexity, and unpredictability, and are central to understanding major scientific and societal challenges across multiple disciplines.
3468h agoForgetting at a certain rate helps a walker learn and localize around a resource on a lattice, achieving a faster learning process without compromising memory.
3468h agoA novel framework trains human neural organoids to form and adapt internal world models, enabling them to understand, predict, and interact with virtual environments.
3468h agoThe study investigates the theory of R-brackets, Baxter brackets, and Nijenhuis brackets in Banach setting and their applications to solving Lax equations associated with Banach Manin triples.
3468h agoThe interaction between transport protocols like TCP and UDP and Active Queuing Management schemes like RED can produce complex dynamics, including period doubling and border collision bifurcations, due to nonlinearities and delays.
3468h agoHydrogen bonds are influenced by quantum tunnelling, which affects their structure and dynamics, and a new model describes how isotope substitution impacts proton and deuteron tunnelling across these bonds.
3468h agoProton tunneling across hydrogen bonds can be accurately modeled using a wavefunction-based framework with a simple double-well potential.
3468h agoThe induced modulation instability in second-harmonic generation exhibits a regime of recurrence, driven by non-degenerate downconversion, where the pump and modulation convert back and forth in a quasi-periodic process.
3468h agoThe response of nonlinear resonators to multifrequency driving reveals rich dynamics, with a competition between drives governed by detuning and relative amplitudes, leading to dynamical phase transitions and asymmetry in the phase diagram.
3468h agoQuantum droplets are ultra-soft quantum elastic media with an elastic bulk modulus that can be less than $1~\mathrm{\mu Pa}$, and their elasticity depends on particle number and interparticle interaction strength.
3468h agoVarying the polarization angle and trap aspect ratio in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate creates different patterns, including stripes, curved stripes, and labyrinths, which can be controlled by polarization angle, trap geometry, and population imbalance.
3468h agoQuantized soliton pumping is observed in Aubry-Andre-Harper model when a synthetic nonlinearity is introduced, and the localized excitations driving this pumping are Wannier functions of uniformly filled bands.
3468h agoA network of nonlocally coupled dissipative kicked rotors exhibits critical transitions in its phase diagram, including bifurcations of spatiotemporal patterns and changes in basin sizes of coherent states, which differ from those in other coupled systems.
3468h agoLie group methods are applied to delay ordinary differential equations to classify invariant equations, construct invariant solutions, and relate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches.
3468h agoThe Hamiltonian flow of the inhomogeneous six-vertex model is integrable, as shown by the computation of its action-angle variables.
3468h agoThe superposition of two flows created by permanent magnets and a weak constant current leads to efficient mixing in a cubic cavity through chaotic streamlines.
3468h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
3468h agoPlace-cell networks with higher-order neural interactions can store a large number of patterns, enabling recognition and navigation on general surfaces in 3-dimensional space.
3468h agoThe bulk-boundary decomposition reveals that deep neural network training dynamics can be separated into a data-independent bulk term and a data-dependent boundary term.
3468h agoDegree correlations and clustering in complex networks alter both the percolation threshold and critical exponents, and the degree distribution alone is insufficient to determine universality classes.
3468h agoOntological Differentiation, a method measuring concept divergence through definition overlap, provides a new, definition-based metric of semantic similarity that is largely independent of existing similarity measures.
3468h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
3468h agoLocalization remains stable under weak interactions, with corrections to noninteracting local integrals of motion being well-controlled for at least an O(1) fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
3468h agoQuantum reservoir computing can be implemented through quantum transport in mesoscopic electronic systems, enabling efficient computation with several advantages including compatibility with existing device fabrication techniques.
3468h agoA block-diagonal quantum geometric tensor improves the optimization of neural quantum states by preserving essential curvature, removing noisy correlations, and enabling faster convergence and lower energy.
3468h agoA machine learning decoder efficiently corrects errors in quantum logical circuits with entangling gates with competitive accuracy and much faster speed than conventional methods.
3468h agoAir pollution exposure is linked to changes in children's white matter microstructure, specifically lower neurite density, but no statistically significant associations were found with overall white matter microstructural integrity.
3476h agoHierarchical amplitude modulation provides a circuit-level mechanism for hierarchical encoding, where information is encoded in the envelope of a carrier and brain rhythms modulate the amplitude of faster rhythms, producing a cascade of nested oscillatory envelopes.
3476h agoThe retrieval of a conditioned memory triggers changes in brain activity, including decreased beta-band activity and altered microstate dynamics, which may reflect enhanced processing of the memory.
3476h agoMemory reactivation during rest after retrieval modifies and strengthens previously encoded representations, with beta-band activity and frontal network dynamics playing a crucial role in facilitating long-term memory.
3476h agoAutistic children show altered neural synchronization when processing faces, which is linked to greater cognitive effort and differences in early network synchronization compared to non-autistic peers.
3476h agoCRISPR gene editing can be targeted to specific neural circuits using a new tool called CRISPR-rabies virus, allowing precise gene modifications and modulation of neural activity.
3476h agoMotor skill learning involves a fundamental inverse relationship between brain and movement dynamics, where more organized brain activity supports more flexible movement patterns.
3476h agoSleep protects declarative memories equally, whether they are initially strong or weak, and helps maintain memory performance similar to that immediately after learning.
3476h agoScientists have created a new model of the human hippocampus using stem cells, which helps to understand how the hippocampus develops and how environmental stressors, such as excess glucocorticoids, can impair its growth.
3476h agoTraveling waves in the brain propagate in complex spatial patterns that correlate with behaviors such as memory encoding, maintenance, and retrieval, and can reveal hidden spirals that distinguish between separate cognitive states.
3476h agoElevated brain urea levels are present in both frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and are linked to a multi-dementia pathogenic mechanism.
3476h agoDopamine receptors are expressed throughout the central auditory system of the plainfin midshipman fish, with D2a receptors predominating over D1Aa receptors.
3476h agoMicroglia development involves a switch from proliferation to quiescence, which precedes the acquisition of complex morphology and efficient phagocytosis and is driven by epigenetic changes.
3476h agoExecutive functions, particularly updating, play a causal role in supporting higher cognition, including fluid reasoning, visual processing, and processing speed, through flexible coordination within the frontoparietal network.
3476h agoAdding orientation selectivity to stimulation protocols improves the accuracy of evoked neural activity in the visual cortex, allowing for more complex visual percepts.
3476h agoAHA1 regulates Abeta production by modulating APP expression and gamma-secretase assembly.
3476h agoThe mammalian auditory cortex uses two different methods, one based on harmonic content and the other on temporal periodicity, to extract the fundamental frequency of a sound, and some neurons are specialized to represent pitch in an invariant way.
3476h agoDopamine synthesis in the brain can be reliably measured using functional positron emission tomography (fPET) during a monetary incentive task, with varying levels of reliability across different brain regions and conditions.
3476h agoThe brain modulates neural responses in one sensory modality based on prior information from another modality, and integrates linguistic and visual information through prediction errors and distinct neural populations.
3476h agoStress changes how people perceive payoff magnitudes, making them take greater financial risks by having more optimistic beliefs about risky options.
3480h agoAccessing meaning at different levels during encoding leads to distinct neural reactivation patterns during later memory retrieval, with encoding history leaving distinct neural signatures that can be decoded from recognition activity across the brain.
3484h agoModularity-based community detection reveals that changes in functional connectivity are driven by changes within existing network modules, rather than reorganization of the modules themselves, in neural activity recordings.
3484h agoSpaceflight triggers neural senescence in human brain cells through reactivation of dormant genomic retroelements, leading to inflammation and neurotoxicity that can be reversed by reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
3484h agoThe indirect steering muscles, specifically the tergopleural muscles, contribute substantially to flight stabilization in Drosophila, particularly for large pitch perturbations.
3484h agoMalformations of cortical development caused by faulty genes in the mTOR pathway lead to abnormal cell aggregation, which is dependent on mTOR activity and may contribute to seizures.
3484h agoThe accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide is linked to a novel axis involving GSK-3beta, eIF2Bepsilon, and BACE1, where GSK-3beta-mediated eIF2Bepsilon phosphorylation enhances BACE1 translation, leading to amyloidogenesis.
3484h agoLamotrigine reduces the broadband power at low frequencies in EEG signals, while levetiracetam has no measurable effects on EEG activity.
3484h agoNeuroblastoma metastasis in non-MYCN amplified tumours is linked to changes in 400 genes, including Zinc Finger DHHC-Type Palmitoyltransferase 23 (zDHHC23), which can predict patient outcomes and may be a target for treatment.
3484h agoRepeated strong stimulation of a neuron triggers local protein synthesis and changes protein localization, allowing the neuron to adjust its proteome in response to activity, and CaMKII protein is synthesized locally in the presynaptic neuron through a mechanism that requires specific mRNA sequences and cellular pathways.
3484h agoAdding an inferior option does not reliably bias choice between two other options in perceptual tasks.
3484h agoMaternal n-3 PUFA dietary deficiency alters fatty acid profiles in the placenta and brain of offspring as early as embryonic day 17.5 and affects fatty acid and oxylipin profiles throughout postnatal brain development with sex-specific differences.
3484h agoThe acoustoelectric interaction enables spatially focused, non-invasive neuromodulation by combining acoustic and electric fields, allowing for precise brain stimulation without surgery.
3484h agoSeizures can emerge through two distinct pathways, either by activation of inhibitory interneurons before pyramidal neurons or by concurrent activation of both populations.
3484h agoAlzheimer's disease risk variants in the CD33 and SPI1 loci converge on shared functional pathways in monocytes, reducing their ability to clear amyloid-beta peptides.
3484h agoApolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene affects Alzheimer's disease risk, and iPSC-derived neurons and microglia provide a valuable human model for studying neurodegenerative diseases through proteomic analysis.
3484h agoHigh-codimension bifurcations, especially the codimension-3 Degenerate Takens-Bogdanov singularity, shape the dynamics of nonlinear models by connecting lower-codimension bifurcations and attractors, and research reveals that its unfolding exhibits a rich repertoire of dynamical behaviors.
3484h agoThe Supplementary Motor Area (SMA) helps prepare movements by interacting with peripheral processes, reducing reaction times by directly sending outputs to the spinal cord and modulating motor unit activation.
3488h agoA novel method uses psychophysiological tests and machine learning to predict a person's cognitive age.
3492h agoVariational representational similarity analysis (vRSA) uses a Bayesian approach to test whether neural recordings reflect the similarity of stimuli or experimental conditions.
3492h agoA dual-channel magnetic chamber system generates high-amplitude magnetic fields across two widely separated frequency channels with negligible interference, allowing for precise manipulation of neural activity in a freely moving mouse.
3492h agoArtificial neural networks can be improved by incorporating biophysical properties of neural circuits, such as neuronal diversity and cell-specific neuromodulation, to enable continual learning, adaptability, robustness, and resource efficiency.
3492h agoInputDSA, a new metric, compares the dynamics of two systems, taking into account both their internal workings and the impact of external inputs.
3492h agoA deep learning pipeline detects and quantifies epileptic seizures in EEG signals with a 93% accuracy, by integrating a new pre-processing technique, a post-processing algorithm, and a strict evaluation procedure.
3492h agoSpikeFit, a novel training method for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), enables efficient inference on neuromorphic hardware by co-optimizing model weights and discrete values, resulting in higher network compression efficiency and lower energy use.
3492h agoMultidimensional solitons research has been updated with new results, including the creation of multiple quantum droplets and expanding toroidal light structures, and predictions of stable 3D vortex solitons.
3492h agoPhysical Neural Networks can improve computational performance by using a layer-by-layer time-multiplexing scheme called ReLaX-Net, which efficiently reuses parameters with only minor modifications.
3492h agoA new framework for Physics-Informed Neural Networks preserves key physical invariants while solving nonlinear partial differential equations, allowing for accurate and stable simulation of wave propagation.
3492h agoA modified model shows that changing connections between grid nodes leads to a shift from power-law to exponential distribution of dissipated energy, resulting in microflare-dominated dynamics and loss of scale-free behavior.
3492h agoMixed superposition rules describe general solutions of time-dependent systems of differential equations using particular solutions of other systems.
3492h agoA new on-chip source of frequency comb uses a lithium niobate nanophotonic circuit with a semiconductor laser to produce topological solitons, enabling a simpler and more efficient way to generate frequency combs.
3492h agoCausal emergence in dynamic systems is stronger at macro-states than micro-states, and a new framework accurately measures this phenomenon in systems with continuous states and Gaussian noise.
3492h agoThe Martin-Siggia and Rose approach to statistical turbulence leads to a Bethe-Salpeter equation for the three-point correlation of the velocity field.
3492h agoThe generalized Constantin-Lax-Majda equation has exact pole dynamics solutions in a periodic geometry with dissipation, which help analyze singularity formation in the 3D incompressible Euler equations.
3492h agoThe two-parameter quantum groups have dual PBW bases in their positive and negative subalgebras, constructed using a two-parameter shuffle algebra and combinatorics of dominant Lyndon words.
3492h agoSpatial patterning in ecosystems may reduce, rather than enhance, resilience, according to a new framework that relaxes assumptions of existing models and incorporates more realistic conditions.
3492h agoTrotterization induces a transition from weak to chaotic dynamics at a critical time step, with distinct scaling laws governing the behavior before and after this transition.
3492h agoThe correspondence principle, which links classical chaotic motion with spectral correlations, fails in dissipative quantum chaos, even in simple systems.
3492h agoA binary Bose gas in a dual-core trap exhibits macroscopic quantum tunnelling, self-trapping, and localisation revivals, with analytical formulas derived for Josephson frequencies and a rich bifurcation structure revealed as the total atom number varies.
3492h agoComputation with the Ising model can take place at high temperatures using spin averages, enabling a systematic correspondence between Ising devices and neural networks.
3492h agoTwisting and stacking two copies of a 2D crystal or aperiodic structure produces moiré patterns or Glass patterns, which can measure microscopic parameters, modify lattice properties, and enable domain formation.
3492h agoThe Minimal Vertex Cover problem's energy density on sparse random graphs can be analytically estimated using a percolation model that accounts for long-range frustration among vertex cover configurations.
3492h agoThe study connects the spectral properties of random matrix operators to the particle current of a Dyson Brownian motion, and finds that the barrier-crossing probability of the motion estimates the exponential tail of the average density of states of a matrix Schrodinger operator.
3492h agoThe asymmetric binary perceptron has two phase transitioning thresholds, a satisfiability threshold and an algorithmic threshold, which affect its ability to operate as a storage memory.
3492h agoSite dilution leads to unconventional activated scaling behavior at the quantum phase transition in a quasi-one-dimensional quantum Ising system.
3492h agoThe Edwards-Anderson model of short-range spin glasses exhibits glassy behavior, with findings including a sensitive ground state, negligible energy cost to overturn spins, fractal dimension of overturned region boundaries, growing critical droplet size, and limited bond correlations.
3492h agoThe quantum Hall effect occurs in a microscopic lattice model with topologically trivial bands when disorder is added, causing an integer quantized transverse conductance.
3492h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood as a transition from a non-equilibrium state to a more stable configuration.
3492h agoUrban sprawl follows a piecewise linear scaling between area and population, with a consistent local growth pattern in 19 cities.
3492h agoA growing lengthscale controls glassy dynamics, and a structural correlation length closely tracks the dynamical lengthscale as temperature decreases in supercooled liquids.
3492h agoResting-state fMRI reveals 'caricatured' connectomes with improved behavioral prediction when studying the non-dominant part of the signal.
3492h agoNAD+ concentrations decrease in the human occipital lobe during visual stimulation, and this decrease is specific to NAD+ with no changes observed in other high-energy phosphate metabolites.
3496h agoAstrocytes with a Parkinson's disease-linked mutation fail to properly metabolize dopamine, which disrupts their protective function and may contribute to the development of the disease.
3496h agoThe area V2 of the macaque brain has a columnar structure where neurons with similar functions are clustered together by feature, and its neural responses are mainly explained by basic image features.
3500h agoThe olfactory system can rapidly and accurately decode the identity and concentration of odorants by using a model that infers the presence and concentration of odors separately, enabling it to handle complex naturalistic olfactory scenes.
3500h agoThis study identifies the brain areas most involved in multimodal integration during naturalistic perception by analyzing functional connectivity and pinpointing a compact subnetwork.
3500h agoDynamic causal modeling using source-level locations derived from diffuse optical tomography accurately infers directed brain connectivity from functional near-infrared spectroscopy data.
3500h agoArgon exerts a neuroprotective function by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibiting autophagy during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
3500h agoPoor sleep quality is linked to lower cognitive performance, characterised by abnormal brain activity and disrupted connections, across multiple domains.
3500h agoTau seeds cause aggregation within intact, low-pH endolysosomes in neurons, and this process requires a transient breach in the endolysosomal membrane and is dependent on the endolysosomal lipid kinase PIKfyve.
3500h agoThe discriminability of numerosity and size is influenced by task-irrelevant environmental statistics, with better performance when stimulus values are sampled from a narrow range compared to a wide range.
3500h agoPost-stroke recovery mechanisms are lesion-specific, with cortical lesions leading to early behavioral recovery through large-scale cortical reorganization, and internal capsule lesions leading to delayed recovery without long-term cortical reorganization.
3500h agoStimulus-specific response potentiation in humans is not input-specific, and attention enhances it modestly on the first session, but a second session leads to a pronounced plasticity effect that overrides attentional modulation.
3500h agoSpiking Neural Networks have a fundamental architectural limitation that causes sample complexity to grow quadratically with sequence length, limiting their performance on tasks like language modeling.
3504h agoProbabilistic Cognitive State Modeling accurately recovers dynamic brain states and produces stable parameter estimates, allowing it to reveal how brain states contribute to adaptive processing under changing task demands.
3504h agoThe retrosplenial cortex plays a crucial role in integrating context to adjust behavioral responses to a stimulus, and it is the first cortical area to show context discrimination in response to a whisker stimulus.
3508h agoThe study found that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with dominant changes in the left hemisphere, frontal and temporal lobe, and default mode, salience, and language networks in the brain.
3512h agoA spiking network model shows that Layer 2/3 neurons can compute prediction errors by comparing feedforward and top-down inputs, generating bidirectional error signals without needing synaptic weight updates.
3512h agoThe basal ganglia integrate kinematic and sequential information to guide movements towards goals by controlling both continuous movement and discrete actions.
3512h agoA new machine learning approach models sensory adaptation in autism, capturing individual variability and providing a 90.8% improvement over existing methods while using fewer parameters.
3516h agoSensory neurons learn to categorize stimuli into coherent sets, which are regions of stimulus state space that evolve cohesively over time, and detect either predictive or retrospective sets, enabling a functional dichotomy among neurons.
3516h agoA new whole-brain model for larval zebrafish forecasts neuron spike probabilities and links brain state to behavior, enabling the synthesis of neural patterns that elicit target behaviors.
3516h agoFlicker-fused stimuli can be made visible even when they have the same average luminance as the background by using a specific pattern of ultra-brief bright pulses and ultra-long dark pulses.
3516h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) says that consciousness explains what exists and its essential properties, and that an entity's cause-effect structure accounts for all properties of an experience.
3516h agoNoncommutative Laurent biorthogonal polynomials are connected to matrix discrete Painlevé equations through a series of mathematical transformations.
3516h agoLaminar-turbulent transition occurs as a sequence of symmetry breaking events, driven by space-time coherent modes that turn an initially harmonic flow into broadband turbulence.
3516h agoThe non-stationary difference equation is generalized to $\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}_N$ and its Hamiltonian can be expressed in terms of $q$-commuting variables, allowing factorized and normal ordered forms.
3516h agoMatrix product states that are invariant under a certain symmetry are integrable in a specific spin chain, and this leads to a formula for overlaps of certain states with these matrix product states.
3516h agoA new algorithm generates directed networks with specific symmetries by expanding from a given base network, allowing for the creation of realistic models to study symmetry-driven dynamics.
3516h agoThe phase reduction method for delay-coupled oscillator networks shows that time delay affects the synchronization dynamics in a non-trivial way, leading to bistability in certain cases.
3516h agoThe study finds that a symmetric vibro-impact nonlinear energy sink subjected to dry friction exhibits intricate behaviors, including critical transitions between impact-dominated and sliding-dominated regimes, and identifies activation thresholds and amplitude levels for different response regimes.
3516h agoA bi-level optimal control framework solves the low-thrust re-phasing problem on quasi-periodic invariant tori in multi-body environments by generating feasible trajectories on the torus surface that minimize deviations.
3516h agoBoltzmann's 1868 example of a system described by the microcanonical ensemble was incorrect because it assumed constants of motion are smooth functions.
3516h agoThe timing of human labor is determined by a complex interplay of control, network structure, and noise in the pregnant uterus, which helps maintain stability during gestation and sensitivity near parturition.
3516h agoFields can be used to describe complex systems that exhibit goal-directed behaviors, and three fundamental principles - complete configuration, locality, and purposefulness - provide a theoretical framework for understanding these systems, known as intelligent fields.
3516h agoInfluence can be quantifiably defined and is directly related to information transfer in complex systems, with noise having a dual effect on these interactions.
3516h agoA quantum causal index reveals that causal influence in quantum systems propagates at a finite speed, with coherent oscillations emerging, according to an analysis of spin chains using asymmetric quantum conditional mutual information.
3516h agoThe Krylov subspace expansion method reveals that local integrals of motion in the Anderson model of localization exhibit power-law decay in the localized phase and are delocalized in the metallic phase.
3516h agoGround states in the Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass are stable against single coupling perturbations, with implications that metastates are unique and certain excitations with space-filling interfaces do not exist.
3516h agoArtificial intelligence techniques can analyze complex patterns in scientific data from strongly correlated electrons, providing new insights into phenomena such as Mott insulators, anomalous metals, and high-$T_c$ superconductivity.
3516h agoA multi-determinant approach and techniques such as Lanczos and symmetry projection improve the accuracy of wave functions for strongly correlated systems, achieving state-of-the-art energies at low cost.
3516h agoThe spin-opstring, a compact representation of quantum simulation cells, effectively captures phase transitions and predicts non-local observables in quantum many-body physics when used as input data for machine learning.
3516h agoKIF5A, a neuron-specific kinesin, functions as an RNA-binding protein that directly binds and transports mRNAs encoding synaptic ribosomal proteins to maintain normal synaptic composition and function.
3528h agoChildren's ability to focus on relevant information while ignoring distractions is not helped or hindered by changes in their baseline level of alertness, but children generally get more distracted than adults by unexpected environmental stimuli.
3536h agoDeletion of the Cacna1c gene in dopamine receptor 1-expressing cells produces sex- and gene dosage-dependent effects on fear memory and spatial memory.
3536h agoAstrocyte senescence leads to abnormal protein deposits that damage synapses and contribute to cognitive decline during aging.
3536h agoScientists create a new method to make brain cells that are similar to the ones damaged in Parkinson's disease, allowing them to study the disease more effectively.
3536h agoOligodendrocytes and the myelin they produce are required for proper balance behaviors in adult vertebrates. (or alternatively, if you'd like to rephrase) Proper balance behaviors in adult vertebrates require oligodendrocytes and the myelin they produce.
3536h agoThe hippocampus organizes semantic information in a multiscale way, with nearby areas encoding similar concepts and more distant areas encoding dissimilar concepts.
3536h agoHumans accurately represent uncertainty in their perceptions, with their confidence in judgments matching the actual uncertainty of their estimates.
3536h agoA pair of interneurons, called Fox, impart positive valence to sweet taste and convey this signal to the mushroom body to drive appetitive behaviors and support learned sugar responses.
3536h agoLarger brain volumes at birth are linked to better cognitive, language, and motor skills in toddlers, and also to lower autistic traits.
3536h agoAntidepressant doses used in conventional animal studies far exceed those used in clinical practice, which may not accurately translate to human treatment effects.
3552h agoIndividuals can comprehend unexpected language inputs just as well as predictable ones, and those with certain processing strategies, specifically lower alignment to context and steeper neural adaptation, show improved comprehension of surprising stories.
3552h agoAPP mutations affect colon tumor formation differently in male and female mice, promoting it in males but inhibiting it in females.
3556h agoAlzheimer's disease is associated with changes in immune and biological processes in the blood, with males and females showing different patterns of changes.
3556h agotACS interacts with intrinsic brain activity in a phase-dependent way during simultaneous sensory stimulation.
3556h agoLearning reorganizes neural activity throughout the brain, allowing animals to alter their responses to certain stimuli while preserving essential functions.
3556h agoSimilar new memories interfere with previous ones, while dissimilar ones are stored separately, with prediction errors determining whether the original memory is updated or a new one is encoded.
3556h agoThe lncRNA 3222401L13Rik modulates microglial inflammatory states through interaction with PU.1, and its reduced expression is linked to Alzheimer's disease-related neuroinflammation.
3556h agoUrban scenes with more greenery compared to built elements are perceived as more positive, and greenery exerts a positive effect on subjective well-being and early visual processing.
3556h agoSpontaneous fluctuations in arousal shape the temporal dynamics of sensory persistence, boosting the initial strength of visual representations but shortening their duration.
3556h agoSocial presence alleviates threat-induced stress and modulates defensive behaviors in a rank- and threat-specific manner, with dominant mice showing greater benefit.
3560h agoHumans use proprioception and prior information to determine confidence in action success during sensorimotor adaptation, and their confidence recovers exponentially to normal levels after a sudden perturbation ends.
3560h agoEndogenous pain modulation is sensitive to uncertainty and volatility, with pain inhibition increasing when certainty about actions leading to pain relief is high.
3560h agoSyntactic processing engages parts of the semantic control network, including areas responsible for accessing and manipulating stored knowledge, and is distinct from semantic representation.
3560h agoVibrotactile stimulation improves speech comprehension in noisy environments by enhancing auditory cortex tracking of speech rhythms and modulating brain connectivity.
3560h agoCorticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus help mice quickly evaluate social situations by rapidly responding to threats and unfamiliar others.
3560h agoDifferent measures of attention tap into independent processes, and only gaze bias predicts subsequent behavioral responses, showing that existing markers of attention cannot be used interchangeably.
3560h agoHippocampal replay is biased towards reward sites and decision points because it is driven by both expected reward and expected information gain.
3560h agoThe spinal cord has 34 distinct neuron classes and shows sex-specific differences in glial cells, which could help understand human spinal cord physiology and identify targets for treating neurological diseases.
3560h agoThe study presents a transcriptomic atlas of 5.3 million cells from 582 brain samples, revealing cell type-specific vulnerabilities and regional heterogeneity in the aging primate brain.
3560h agoAggression in humans is linked to a common brain network that can be identified through neuroimaging and is largely explained by the expression of genes associated with aggressive behavior.
3560h agoForgetting is regulated by active gene transcription in the brain, which speeds up with age and contributes to memory decline.
3564h agoHuman working memory is maintained by brief, coordinated bursts of activity across neurons, rather than continuous firing, and involves distinct roles for different types of brain cells.
3564h agoDistinct neural signatures are linked to spontaneous experiences of being internally or externally focused, and brain activity and alpha oscillations change as the mind switches between these states.
3564h agoData changes how we assess the performance of US legal firms and expands the scope of computational science into the legal field.
3564h agoTraditional reputation-based rankings of law firms do not accurately reflect their legal performance, according to a data-driven method that ranks law firms based on litigation outcomes.
3564h agoMutations in ZMYND11 cause intellectual disability by disrupting its regulation of gene expression through interaction with KMT2A, leading to abnormal brain development.
3564h agoInteraural time and level differences affect sound source segregation and spatial selection differently, with natural level differences supporting source segregation but small time differences not.
3568h agoNeurogenesis alone does not fully restore memory capability after neuronal damage, and the quality of memory decreases, even in animals capable of whole-body regeneration.
3568h agoHaloTrace, a new method, precisely measures blood-brain barrier integrity by detecting leakage sites in the brain, avoiding major pitfalls of existing methods.
3568h agoNew MRI methods allow for high-resolution images of the pediatric brain to be taken in under nine minutes, enabling accurate delineation of fine structures such as hippocampal subfields.
3568h agoPerceptual judgments are made in the premotor cortex and are inherently coupled to actions.
3568h agoCutaneous reflexes can be reliably elicited in proximal muscles via saphenous nerve stimulation, and this method may be a feasible target for neuromodulatory techniques to treat phantom limb pain.
3572h agoOpioid use triggers immune responses, including increased TNF signaling and changes in proteins that prevent oxidative stress, in microglia and midbrain organoids grown together in the lab.
3572h agoModified self-amplifying RNA loaded in lipid nanoparticles efficiently mediates robust and long-lasting protein expression in brain cells, including neurons, for several weeks.
3572h agoA custom script using the Cellpose package can automatically count and characterize retinal ganglion cell somas, providing a powerful tool for analyzing optic neuropathies.
3572h agoRett syndrome and MECP2 Duplication syndrome show opposite changes in the expression of the histamine H3 receptor, with reduced expression in Rett syndrome and increased expression in MECP2 Duplication syndrome.
3572h agoThe transcription factor NR2F regulates a target gene network in nonmyelinating Schwann cells, which is crucial for their development and function.
3572h agoInterleukin-1β and interleukin-18 levels are increased in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and show potential as biomarkers for diagnosis.
3572h agoMicroglia-derived extracellular vesicles and non-vesicular particles reflect microglial cellular state and may serve as biomarkers for early-stage neurodegenerative diseases.
3572h agoNeuropathic pain causes microglial activation in the brain, which increases the risk of delirium, especially when combined with surgical stress.
3576h agoMicrosaccades modulate visual performance in the central fovea in a spatially selective way, peaking 70 milliseconds before the movement and then recovering rapidly after it.
3576h agoThe study found correlations between memory performance and motor learning in mice, with mice that are quicker to turn on a pole struggling to learn a motor task, and those with higher exploration rates in a maze performing better in the motor task.
3576h agoA joint modeling approach that links non-decision time to external observations improves the reliability of parameter estimation for time-dependent threshold diffusion models.
3576h agoTranscranial alternating current stimulation between 250 and 2000 Hz reliably stimulates the cochlea with minimal side effects in hearing-healthy participants.
3576h agoHumans and artificial neural networks called transformers use attention to understand how elements relate to each other, and this process happens in similar parts of the brain and the networks.
3576h agoPeople with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) show greater brain activity in the premotor cortex and a stronger connection between this area and another part of the brain when they experience a visual illusion that changes the shape of their hand.
3576h agoGeneralized Random Forest can predict individualized treatment effects more reliably with two new methodological advances: a seed ensemble strategy to stabilize predictions and a backward elimination procedure to identify key moderators.
3576h agoThe locus coeruleus shows differences in astrocytic gene expression and lipid metabolism associated with Alzheimer's disease risk factors, which influence its resilience and susceptibility to pathology accumulation and degeneration.
3580h agoA new neural probe with over 1,000 light emitters enables panoramic 3D optical stimulation across large brain volumes.
3584h agoDendritic modules with distinct shapes, spatial distributions, and cortical inputs are found in striatal D1-type and D2-type medium spiny neurons in healthy and Huntington's disease mouse brains.
3584h agoCortical neurons form a specialized population code that enhances the propagation of information to a downstream target, improving the accuracy of decision-making.
3584h agoTDP-43 dysfunction causes faulty splicing of the KCNQ2 ion channel, leading to toxic protein buildup and neuron hyperactivity.
3584h agoMicroglia play a key role in brain regional vulnerability to aging, with region-specific differences in microglia subpopulations and responses to rejuvenation interventions.
3584h agoThe brain's left anterior inferior parietal cortex supports the maintenance of verbal information in short-term memory, but its functions vary across individuals depending on their reliance on semantic information.
3584h agoDistinct SCN2A premature termination codons produce different effects on neuronal excitability and behavior, with position of the premature stop codon determining the outcome.
3584h agoMetabolic stress causes cerebrovascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment through a distinct cellular phenotype called lipid-droplet accumulating microglia, which emerges in response to metabolic stress and correlates with cerebrovascular dysfunction.
3584h agoThe brain's ventral striatum and right temporoparietal junction work together to help people control their automatic tendencies to approach rewards and avoid threats.
3584h agoBehavioral flexibility relies on nanoscale remodeling of synaptic machinery that couples glutamatergic transmission to endocannabinoid signaling in striatal circuits.
3584h agoVoluntary decisions are formed by a process of accumulating evidence, similar to perceptual decisions, which eventually leads to a motor action.
3584h agoThe olfactory bulb and medial prefrontal cortex work together through slow oscillations to maintain task-related information in working memory.
3584h agoThe brain uses two different routes to incorporate others' input into its judgments: a rapid evaluative route for feedback and a slower deliberative route for advice.
3584h agoSMARCB1 gene mutations cause brain changes that lead to cognitive and behavioral problems, including impaired learning, memory, and decision-making, in both mice and humans with Coffin-Siris syndrome.
3584h agoThe brain's connectome architecture helps create more efficient neural networks that can better predict chaotic time series and hold more memory than random networks.
3584h agoThe thalamus, specifically its first-order nuclei, shows specific activation during language tasks, including reading, speech comprehension, and speech production.
3584h agoInputDSA measures the similarity of two systems based on their recurrent and input-driven dynamics, allowing for the comparison of systems with different inputs.
3592h agoIntegrated Information Theory (IIT) posits that consciousness is fundamental to existence and that an entity's cause-effect structure fully accounts for all properties of an experience.
3592h agoBrain-IT, a brain-inspired approach, reconstructs images seen by people from their fMRI brain recordings with high faithfulness to the actual images by predicting localized patch-level image features.
3592h agoConditionally Linear Dynamical System models characterize complex neural population dynamics by capturing nonlinear dependence on task and behavioral variables, enabling transparent interpretation and efficient Bayesian inference.
3592h agoA balanced network of neurons can be represented by the stochastic dynamics of a single neuron subject to effective noise, with the noise rate determined by the probability density of neuron states.
3592h agoA static distractor sound impairs the perception of moving target sounds, reducing the upper limit of velocity at which listeners can discriminate the direction of motion.
3592h agoAdaptive chaos control steers weather trajectories away from dangerous regimes using small perturbations, and two strategies, local Lyapunov exponents and transition probabilities, can successfully trigger control in a seasonally forced and noise-perturbed Lorenz84 model.
3592h agoThe Nijhoff-Quispel-Capel equation can be formulated in different ways, including a new perspective using eigenfunctions of a Lax pair, in addition to known formulations such as the Cauchy matrix approach and eigenfunction approach.
3592h agoThe gauge/Yang-Baxter equation correspondence helps discover new integrable lattice spin models in statistical mechanics by using dualities in supersymmetric gauge theories.
3592h agoA hybrid method called KGMM accurately estimates the score function of a system by combining a Gaussian Mixture Model with a bisecting K-means clustering step, allowing for robust reconstruction of long-time statistical properties.
3592h agoRogue wave formation and spectral downshifting in nonlinear wave systems depend on the type of dissipation and wave steepness, with soliton-like rogue waves arising from steep initial data and nonlinear damping supporting stable, well-organized wave states.
3592h agoThe Stochastic Box-Ball System, a probabilistic cellular automaton, exhibits long-term behavior governed by isolated particles and occasional emergence of short solitons.
3592h agoGrokking in a neural network occurs when the network transforms into a sparse subnetwork, allowing it to identify common features of input classes and generalize to new patterns.
3592h agoTransformers can successfully predict unseen sequences from diverse pseudo-random number generators, including those with substantial additional complexity, and can jointly learn multiple generators, identifying underlying structures.
3592h agoNeural networks generalize abruptly after memorizing data, a phenomenon called grokking, which can be understood as a transition from a non-equilibrium state to a more stable configuration.
3592h agoA balanced network of neurons can be represented by the stochastic dynamics of a single neuron subject to effective noise, with the noise rate determined by the probability density of neuron states.
3592h agoRandom graphs with link probabilities conditioned on other links can be represented using a generalized statistical mechanical formalism, allowing for the study of complex networks with interactions.
3592h agoError-based learning and reinforcement learning with adaptive thresholds improve accuracy and reduce movement variability in a complex maze navigation task, while use-dependent learning shows no improvement.
3592h agoModular organization of brain networks leads to different patterns of brain activity, including symmetric and left-skewed neural avalanche shapes, which are linked to critical brain dynamics.
3592h agoThe updated SimulScan technology allows for the simultaneous study of swallowing biomechanics and brain activity, providing reliable and correlated data on the central control of swallowing.
3592h agoStimulation of the anterior insula increases blink frequency, while stimulation of the posterior insula increases both blinks and urges, showing their distinct roles in controlling urges and actions in Tourette syndrome.
3596h agoThe amygdala helps control which experiences are remembered by selectively encoding certain visual stimuli into long-term memory, with category-selective neurons showing increased activity during encoding of later remembered items.
3596h agoThe brain uses a deterministic drive, which varies from trial to trial and accelerates over time, to decide when to act in the absence of external cues.
3596h agoPeople combine multiple sources of information when making decisions, but the way they do this varies with age and certain conditions, and can be influenced by the type of cues and brain areas involved.
3596h agoUsing advanced language models with a P300 speller brain-computer interface improves communication efficiency for people with ALS, with character-level models providing 10% and open-source models achieving around 40% typing speed improvements.
3596h agoIsolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder involves atrophy in specific brainstem regions, including the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, which are associated with autonomic dysfunction.
3596h agoLow levels of dopamine D2 receptors in the brain cause male mice to consume more food, gain weight, and develop insulin resistance, leading to an obesity-like condition.
3596h agoCrossmodal prediction errors elicit sustained cortical responses and recruit shared neural representations across sensory domains, reorganizing effective connectivity within and between sensory hierarchies.
3596h agoThe substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) shifts its activity from representing the optimal choice based on value to encoding the actual chosen action during the decision-making process.
3596h agoNoradrenaline release in the primary motor cortex is spatially heterogeneous at a local scale, and its release pattern becomes locally refined during learning, achieving consistent spatial precision.
3596h agoTET3 and MECP2 interact to regulate DNA methylation and chromatin dynamics during neuronal maturation, and their deficiency leads to impaired network activity and similar neuronal phenotypes.
3596h agoHippocampal CA1 neurons reorganize their activity to represent different movement variables, such as time, distance, and speed, depending on behavioral states like movement and immobility.
3596h agoPhosphorylation and glycosylation of Kv1.2 channels result in high molecular weight forms, including a 100 kDa form, and their distribution and protein interactions change in LGI1-dependent epilepsy.
3596h agoA randomly connected network with balanced excitation and inhibition can process information based on both current and past stimuli while maintaining stable, low firing rates.
3596h agoThe mushroom body balances coding capacity and selectivity by having biased connections between neurons, which prioritizes important information and allows for learning and memory.
3600h agoLight input plays a key role in promoting sleep, and disruptions to visual pathways lead to fragmented or reduced sleep in flies.
3600h agoCortical surface electrical stimulation initially activates neurons, then inhibits them for seconds, and changes how they respond to visual stimuli, reducing their ability to distinguish between different sensory features.
3600h agoThe primary motor cortex directly controls the magnitude of motor output by regulating population firing rates, while the supplementary motor area organizes the composition and temporal structure of the active motor unit pool to generate a stable motor command.
3600h agoAerobic exercise intensity affects motor adaptation and learning, with high-intensity exercise enhancing motor adaptation and learning the most, followed by moderate and low intensity exercise.
3600h agoG3BP1 acetylation via ELP3 regulates axonal regeneration and neuronal resilience by enhancing axonal protein synthesis and disassembling G3BP1 granules.
3600h agoSynaesthesia and autism share stronger brain connectivity and less complex networks, whereas early psychosis shows weaker connectivity and greater complexity, compared to healthy controls.
3612h agoInhibitory cell populations encode consistent aspects of natural scenes across individuals, and their responses to natural scenes are distinct from responses to simple stimuli.
3612h agoThe geometry of the brain's extracellular space shapes local diffusion and tunes signaling between neural cells, with distinct functional advantages for different types of synapses.
3612h agoMicroglia coordinate metabolic coupling between brain cells to fuel protein synthesis in active neurons by secreting the protein CYR61.
3612h agoDLPFC and SMG play a crucial role in the challenging aspects of motor skill learning that depend on proprioception.
3612h agoSuppressing positive connections within an artificial neural network to simulate excitation/inhibition imbalance leads to a compensatory response that increases susceptibility to noise, which in turn creates schizophrenic-like behaviors and altered response to reward prediction error.
3616h agoA unified field-theoretic framework describes the dynamics of activity and connectivity in interacting neuronal systems, capturing transitions between collective states and the formation of composite structures.
3616h agoA static distractor sound impairs the perception of moving target sounds, reduces the upper limit of velocity at which listeners can discriminate the direction of motion, and does so through energetic masking when the distractor spectrally overlaps with the target.
3616h agoThis thesis explores the use of deep learning to decode brain signals from electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to understand brain responses to visual stimuli and inner speech.
3616h agoThe analysis identified three groups with distinct cognitive trajectories over three years, and one group showed cognitive decline, suggesting that a treatment effect may be masked in a heterogeneous population.
3616h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion through spin-exchange interactions shows chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, which emerge depending on system parameters.
3616h agoA new neural network model, inspired by the human brain's predictive processing, enables robots to perform caregiving tasks autonomously by integrating multiple sensory inputs and adapting to different scenarios.
3616h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information accurately predicts distributed cortical responses to naturalistic stimuli in the brain.
3616h agoThe conduction speed of V1 intracortical axons increases with distance and is high enough to convey contextual influences that help construct global scene properties.
3616h agoLow-rank networks produce low-dimensional dynamics when isolated, but high-dimensional inputs or perturbations can lead to high-dimensional dynamics, with conditions on network structure determining the outcome.
3616h agoEarly Vision Networks, a new class of hybrid neural networks that mimic the primate visual system, improve model robustness by 9.3% on a benchmark of visual perturbations and out-of-domain images.
3616h agoVideos of the 2020 Beirut explosion reveal a shock wave, and frame-by-frame analysis shows that the data agrees with the Landau-Whitham formula for the thickness of the overpressure layer.
3616h agoQuantum dynamics emerges from classical correlation functions in Anosov geodesic flows through a discrete Pollicott Ruelle spectrum that governs an effective dynamics.
3616h agoLie group methods are used to classify and solve delay ordinary differential equations, and symmetries are found to allow construction of invariant solutions.
3616h agoHigh penalties and light penalties are effective at suppressing crime, and the success of deterrence depends on the initial frequency of crime and population dynamics.
3616h agoPolar core vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate move radially outward or inward depending on their interaction with background flows and each other.
3616h agoThe flattening rate of the f-function in two-dimensional many-body quantum chaotic systems is directly proportional to the number of degrees of freedom and the particle number.
3616h agoThe Hamiltonian formalism helps replace the Third Painlev\'e equation with two coupled Riccati equations, enabling the existence of P_III-functions that vanish at a given non-zero point and are analytic there.
3616h agoThe thermodynamic cost of creating and maintaining restricted pathways in chemical reaction networks has two components: an ongoing maintenance cost and a restriction cost that quantifies the improbability of neutralizing unwanted reactions.
3616h agoThe pre-evacuation phase, which is the time interval before people move to a safe place, has a crucial impact on the total time required for safe egress in crowd evacuation.
3616h agoA self-organized reticulum within the epithelial layer inhibits cell proliferation through a non-local mechanism, where islands of compressed non-cycling cells embedded in a network of tensed cycling cells slow down cell growth.
3616h agoThe Ising model with non-local diffusion through spin-exchange interactions shows chimera-like states, characterized by stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization, which emerge depending on system parameters.
3616h agoSelf-similarity in learning curves breaks down for weakly non-linear neural networks trained on power-law distributed data, and a new renormalization group framework reveals a form of universality at large data limits.
3616h agoTopological phases of matter have two key features: they are identified by quantum geometry of electronic band structure, and they present electronic states with unusual properties.
3616h agoA new encoding scheme enables the universal encoding of computationally hard problems on triangular lattices, reducing independence-constraint violations by approximately two orders of magnitude compared to existing methods.
3616h agoDisordered systems, such as sheared amorphous solids, can self-organize into a complex response to a fluctuating environment, allowing them to retain a memory of the driving and sense their environment.
3616h agoQuantum spin ice remains stable with respect to disorder up to the transition to the polarized phase at high fields, indicating it can occur in real materials.
3616h agoParticle multi-occupations affect the stability of many-body localization in the disordered Bose-Hubbard model, with no finite-size boundary drift in the higher-energy section but a significant drift in the lower-energy section that pushes the localized regime to greater disorder strengths.
3616h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy compared to pure fermionic tensor networks, and offer a physically motivated alternative with improved computational scaling.
3616h agoStrong disorder leads to a topological transition from a parity anomalous semimetal to a diffusive metal and induces a topological phase in a trivial insulating phase.
3616h agoLarge overparametrized machine learning models exhibit a separation of timescales in their training dynamics, leading to the emergence of a slow timescale, inductive bias towards small complexity, and a decoupling between feature learning and overfitting regimes.
3616h agoCombining magnetic field gradients with global control enables coherent collective dynamics of strongly interacting qubits in dense electron spin ensembles, leading to disorder-resilient collective spin evolution.
3616h agoThe 3D toric code exhibits fault-tolerance thresholds of approximately 11% against bit-flip errors and 2% against phase-flip errors, showing its robustness against measurement errors.
3616h agoStatistical physics can analyse deep learning models with rich feature learning effects, and study shows that a multi-layer perceptron's performance improves with data, eventually specialising to the target through inhomogeneous learning across layers and neurons.
3616h agoSWITCH, a deep learning model, integrates unpaired spatial multi-omics data and enables unsupervised cross-modal prediction, aiding spatial domain identification and downstream biological analysis.
3620h agoThromboinflammation drives adverse brain aging, and high levels of cerebrospinal fluid fibrinogen mark brain thromboinflammation, which affects synaptic vulnerability through specific neurovascular pathways.
3620h agoOcimum gratissimum supplementation improves spatial memory and protects against memory impairment by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential as a neuroprotective agent against Alzheimer's disease-like pathology.
3620h agoThe new fMRI acquisition approach detects age-related differences in brain pulsatile signals, showing increased signal magnitude in older adults compared to young adults in regions with reliable cardiac pulsations.
3620h agoMid-level feature fragments, specifically curve segments, provide a more efficient substrate for artificial vision than phosphenes, enabling better object recognition with less stimulation.
3620h agoVisual behavior, as measured by eye-tracking, is a strong predictor of individual differences in spatial navigation performance, with global gaze patterns explaining 40% of the variation in navigation ability.
3620h agoPalmitoylation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor reduces its internalization and degradation, leading to increased amyloid precursor protein stability, amyloid beta accumulation, and neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease.
3620h agoA new model using multiple MRI-derived microstructural measures can predict conduction velocity across the entire human brain, explaining 29% of variance in neurophysiological conduction velocity.
3620h agoNeural competition in the frontal cortex shapes confidence in decisions, with both winning and losing decision variables contributing to confidence but the winner having a stronger impact.
3624h agoMitochondria in neurons differ in their molecular makeup and function depending on their location, with axonal mitochondria having limited pathways for energy production but retaining others like fatty acid metabolism.
3624h agoThe protein KHSRP, promoted by REG3A signaling, slows nerve regeneration by decaying mRNA in injured axons through a self-sustaining loop that regulates axon growth.
3624h agoAdult fruit flies have specialized nerve cells that detect painful stimuli and trigger immediate escape and long-term avoidance behaviors.
3624h agoRats with high sensory processing sensitivity take more cocaine and are more motivated to use it, and have different brain chemistry than rats with low sensory processing sensitivity.
3628h agoWater concentrations in the brain are highest during deep sleep and linked to brain wave activity, indicating a possible role for glymphatic fluid transport in human sleep.
3628h agoMoments of failed attention after sleep deprivation reflect brief 'sleep-like' episodes in the brain with changes in brain activity, pupil size, and brain fluid movement.
3632h agoUpregulating the functional Syngap1 allele with a CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation approach rescues working memory deficits and normalizes SynGAP protein expression in a mouse model of SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability.
3632h agoThe brain's ability to recognize emotions declines with age and differs between sexes, and a specific circuit in the basolateral amygdala and medial orbitofrontal cortex is responsible for emotion recognition in a sex-specific way.
3632h agoADHD-like traits disrupt the balance between goal-directed control and automatic processes, specifically by weakening response inhibition and altering the relationship between inhibition and statistical learning.
3632h agoAnatomy and spatiotemporal patterning, not spike counts, govern the physiological and perceptual impact of intracranial electrical stimulation.
3632h agoRegional variability in brain organization shapes large-scale neuronal dynamics, with molecular and anatomical heterogeneity playing a critical role in facilitating network synchronization and information flow between brain regions.
3632h agoBoundary Vector Cells can robustly detect environmental boundaries in three dimensions, enabling more accurate spatial localization and reducing spatial aliasing in complex environments.
3640h agoDyslexic reading costs arise from stronger sensitivities to word length, frequency, and predictability, and changing these features can narrow the reading gap between dyslexic and typical readers by about one third.
3640h agoVision Transformers naturally develop the ability to bind object features into a coherent whole, representing whether two patches belong to the same object, when trained with specific self-supervised objectives.
3640h agoCombining Global Workspace Theory with world models improves decision-making in Reinforcement Learning agents by enabling efficient mental simulation and robustness to missing observation modalities.
3640h agoNOBLE, a neural operator framework, learns to predict distributions of neural dynamics that account for the intrinsic variability of neurons, enabling the efficient generation of synthetic neurons that closely resemble experimental data.
3640h agoA Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system using a non-invasive EEG headband achieved 88.77% accuracy in classifying attention and non-attention states in students watching educational videos.
3640h agoScientists find a way to evolve quiet patterns in small grids into larger ones and also discover an inverse process to reverse this evolution for most prime numbers of possible states.
3640h agoA quantum-inspired framework proposes that self-awareness and perception of external stimuli are two interacting systems that evolve at different timescales, forming a closed loop where self-state influences perception and perception reshapes the self.
3640h agoClifford algebras solve different forms of the tetrahedron equation, which is expected to lead to three-dimensional integrability.
3640h agoThe synchronization bottleneck, a new measure called Ξ, determines the coupling strength required for a stable synchronization manifold in network-coupled dynamical systems.
3640h agoThe study finds that quantum tunneling in an asymmetric double-well potential has energy thresholds for detectable tunneling across the barrier, and that tunneling can be practically undetectable even when theoretically allowed.
3640h agoLower and more homogeneous learning rates promote the emergence of scale-free networks, while higher or more heterogeneous learning rates lead to core-periphery topologies.
3640h agoFinite temperature helps to create and stabilize supersolid phases in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate by shifting the phase boundary, lowering the density threshold, and broadening the stability window.
3640h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that don't have memory, allowing collective activity to propagate through the system.
3640h agoElliptic Calogero-Moser systems associated with complex crystallographic groups are candidates for Seiberg-Witten integrable systems of certain superconformal field theories, and their geometric and Poisson deformations lead to descriptions of corresponding elliptic fibrations, Seiberg-Witten differentials, and quantum spectral curves.
3640h agoNon-Hermitian random matrices with time-reversal symmetry exhibit universal bulk spectral correlations that can be classified into symmetry classes AI$^{\dagger}$ and AII$^{\dagger}$.
3640h agoA novel decoupling limit of the membrane leads to a 1+2 dimensional integrable model, arising from a membrane propagating in a specific background geometry.
3640h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived from the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
3640h agoTopolectrical circuits with deep learning capabilities allow for programmable and controllable simulation of physical phenomena, enabling observations of boundary states, phase transitions, and localization, and facilitating applications such as secure information encryption.
3640h agoQuasiperiodic many-body localized systems have a broad unconventional regime with fat-tailed distributions of long-distance correlations, revealing atypical eigenstates with strong long-range correlations.
3640h agoQuantum chaos stops at a typical entanglement transition in many-body systems, which implies a "mass" term vanishes in the field theory of the measurement-induced phase transition for monitored fermions.
3640h agoScientists develop a theory that identifies 20 mechanisms of third-order nonlinear transport, and derive a scaling law to unambiguously identify 12 of these mechanisms in materials.
3640h agoThe restoration of chiral symmetry in gauge theories with two light fermion flavors requires specific spectral features, including a spectral density behaving as $m^2\delta(\lambda)$, a singular two-point function, and delocalized near-zero modes, to effectively break the anomalous $\mathrm{U}(1)_A$ symmetry.
3640h agoVariation in how individuals experience environmental selection can promote evolutionary strategies that generalize across environments and anticipate future changes.
3640h agoStatistical physics can analyse deep learning models, and a study of a multi-layer perceptron shows that its performance improves with data, with the model specialising towards the target through inhomogeneous learning across layers and neurons.
3640h agoMemory in one part of a system can induce long-range order in other parts of the system that don't have memory, allowing collective activity to propagate through the system.
3640h agoDense associative memory, a type of modern Hopfield network, stores a large number of memory patterns as equilibrium states, and its structure makes recall more robust by not acting as additional noise to itself.
3640h agoNon-Hermitian random matrices with time-reversal symmetry exhibit universal bulk spectral correlations that can be classified into symmetry classes AI$^{\dagger}$ and AII$^{\dagger}$.
3640h agoDiffusion models generalize effectively because their training dynamics have two distinct timescales: one for generating high-quality samples and a later one for memorization that increases with training set size.
3640h agoNeuromedin B (NMB) regulates lactate-mediated immunosuppression and is a key factor in both metabolic and immune regulation in glioblastoma (GBM), promoting anti-tumor immunity and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism.
3640h agoOligodendrocyte morphology changes in response to experiences, senescence, and neurodegenerative diseases, and can be visualized and analyzed using methods that label and image individual oligodendrocytes in mouse white matter.
3640h agoA new protocol allows for simultaneous imaging of brain activity and blood flow in awake mice, enabling comparison of brain signals across different states and over time.
3644h agoKeratinocytes contribute to heightened sensation and pain after nerve injury by releasing factors that enhance sensory neuron activity through a phospholipase A2-driven mechanism.
3644h agoDopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain control precision in timing actions, and their dysfunction contributes to timing problems and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease.
3644h agoMotor recovery after stroke is based on mechanisms other than LTP-based plasticity, as LTP and synaptic transmission are impaired in the peri-infarct cortex.
3648h agoPeople's choices are guided by explicit memories of past experiences, rather than just incremental learning, and they use these memories to make decisions even when instructed to ignore specific outcomes.
3648h agoChronic morphine exposure leads to sex-specific epigenetic changes in the brain, but these changes converge on similar genes, biological functions, and co-expression modules in male and female mice.
3648h agoThe perception-action dissociation, where the brain uses separate systems for perception and action, persists in older adults, but they rely more on contextual cues during action.
3648h agoUsing a small percentage of original features often gives the best predictive performance in decoding brain activity with machine learning models.
3648h agoApplying transcranial alternating current stimulation to specific brain areas improves long-term memory performance, and its effects depend on the stimulation frequency, location, and intensity.
3648h agoMouse models with humanized APOE do not show brain atrophy typical of human aging and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that humanized APOE alone is not enough to cause the disease.
3648h agoThe human brain processes dynamic visual input by integrating continuous visual information in a way that aligns with mid-level representations of actions in posterior electrodes and high-level static action representations in frontal electrodes.
3648h agoThe brain's ability to store salient experiences as episodic memories allows for flexible and context-aware action selection, a capability that can be reproduced in artificial devices using the Episodic Neighbor (EN) algorithm.
3648h agoThe precision of memory-guided reaching movements decreases when visual input stops, and a similar decrease happens when haptic input stops, but only if the arms are in different postures.
3648h agoRecurrent neural networks with nonlinear activation functions have a strictly positive participation dimension and correlation statistics that can be calculated using a path-integral representation of their stochastic dynamics.
3648h agoA unified system for allostasis and interoception exists in the brain, encompassing over 96% of anatomical connections found in animal studies.
3656h agoA tipping point marks the brain's transition from wakefulness to sleep, and this process can be tracked in real time using electroencephalogram data.
3656h agoThe position of a probe is perceived relative to a surrounding moving frame, with the frame's influence extending beyond its edges and driven primarily by its displacement, not motion.
3656h agoInterluminescence, a modular platform, uses bioluminescent light to control synaptic transmission by activating or silencing postsynaptic neurons through transsynaptic optogenetic ion channels.
3656h agoAlternative splicing of synaptotagmin 7 acts as a molecular switch that fine-tunes short-term plasticity by regulating its oligomerization and impacting synaptic vesicle dynamics.
3656h agoChanges in voice characteristics, such as pitch and intensity, occur in male zebra finches as they age, with the most pronounced changes happening between young adulthood and middle age.
3656h agoHippocampal dentate spikes have a continuous distribution of inputs from the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex, and include a previously unreported third type that involves simultaneous activation from both inputs.
3656h agoSHIP1 regulates immune function by controlling endosome maturation and lysosomal function in microglia, and its deficiency leads to impaired inflammatory response, enhanced phagocytosis, and accumulation of amyloid beta.
3660h agoThe statistics of correlations in nonlinear recurrent neural networks can be described by exact expressions that include corrections for a large number of neurons.
3664h agoIntroducing a short-term memory component to movement reproduction causes systematic temporal and structural distortions, with accuracy decaying within seconds and a limited memory span of four movements.
3664h agoA lateral ventricular brain-computer interface that uses an expandable, flexible electrode achieves long-term stable recordings and robust memory decision decoding from within the ventricular system.
3664h agoResting-state EEG connectivity patterns differentiate individuals according to their creative abilities, with more creative people showing broad alpha-band hypoconnectivity and greater network modularity.
3664h agoResolution reconfiguration, which scales down less important channels, saves power in neural recording implants by 8.7x, 12.8x, and 23.0x compared to traditional recording arrays, and by 1.6x, 3.4x, and 5.2x compared to channel selection.
3664h agoLinearly transforming deep neural networks to match human responses to complex stimuli does not guarantee that the models accurately represent human brain activity, even with large amounts of behavioral data.
3664h agoIntracortical axons in the visual cortex conduct signals fast enough to convey contextual information, enabling the construction of global scene properties from local neural activities.
3664h agoMachine learning analysis of EEG and fMRI data identifies neural signatures that distinguish tinnitus patients from healthy controls with high accuracy.
3664h agoAmari-type neural fields can be controlled using piecewise constant inputs to steer neural activity from an initial state to a target state.
3664h agoIntegrating self-supervised predictive coding modules into meta-reinforcement learning helps agents learn compact and interpretable representations of history that approximate Bayes-optimal belief states, leading to better generalization.
3664h agoA task-specific pre-training framework that jointly uses multiple datasets improves emotion recognition in EEG signals by aligning statistical properties across datasets and capturing complex dynamics.
3664h agoThe isolated reasoning component of language processing in the brain uniquely predicts neural activity, recruits visual regions, and peaks later in time than other linguistic features.
3664h agoA wearable device that provides assistance to the triceps and thumb helps people complete daily tasks with less tremor and better movement.
3664h agoThe structure of neural connections in the brain shapes collective activity in nonlinear neural networks, affecting the dimension and timescales of activity fluctuations.
3664h agoListeners adapt language comprehension by using two mechanisms: a speaker-general mechanism that adjusts overall expectations about a speaker's statements and a speaker-specific mechanism that updates their mental model of an individual speaker.
3664h agoThe hippocampus encodes cognitive maps through collective place cell activity, which represents spatial navigation by forming a map of location similarities based on transition probabilities.
3664h agoThe attention mechanism used in transformer architecture best predicts brain activity during natural scene viewing by dynamically routing retinotopic visual features to category-selective areas.
3664h agoGrid cells and place cells work together to enable animals to recall and navigate to locations using cues, plan paths, and recreate sensory experiences along those paths.
3664h agoDepression and suicidal ideation alter brain activity in response to emotionally charged statements, causing people with these conditions to respond more strongly and for longer periods.
3664h agoA network-specific approach enhances prediction accuracy of brain responses to complex movies by grouping brain networks into clusters and training separate models for each.
3664h agoA novel framework combines virtual reality exposure with EEG recordings to quantify mental and emotional states over time, enabling the inference of emotional states and modelling of their temporal dynamics.
3664h agoA graph-based neural inference model infers synaptic connectivity from neural population activity by predicting neural activity and modelling neurons as interacting nodes in a graph.
3664h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides a comprehensive reassessment of the field's progress since 2008, focusing on brain function recording, mapping, and emulation capabilities.
3664h agoVisual rivalry shows a hysteretic transition between awareness and suppression, where a higher contrast threshold is required for a stimulus to become aware than to be suppressed.
3664h agoA new imaging sequence called ZTE can map activity changes in the human brain and is robust against susceptibility artefacts.
3664h agoLarge audio-language models process speaker characteristics during speech comprehension differently than humans, with one model matching human brain responses for speaker-incongruent content but both models failing to replicate human-like processing of social and biological violations.
3664h agoA new method called Representational Differences Explanations (RDX) helps to discover and visualize the differences between two learned representations, enabling more direct model comparisons.
3664h agoMemory efficiency, capacity, and stability emerge from the interaction of plasticity and sparsity constraints in the brain.
3664h agoA score-based generative model using Kuramoto dynamics captures synchronization phenomena to produce coherent angular directional patterns in images like fingerprints and textures.
3664h agoNon-normal eigenvector amplification in multidimensional systems causes heavy-tailed fluctuations and power-law distributions by increasing the effective Lyapunov exponent and lowering the tail exponent.
3664h agoThe two-component nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation's solutions approach a certain behavior over time, described by a higher-order asymptotic expansion inside the light cone that matches numerical simulations.
3664h agoA new approach generates beating vector solitons using non-degenerate vector soliton solutions of the Manakov system, allowing them to collide elastically and control their beating nature.
3664h agoMultiple clusters emerge and coexist in globally coupled oscillator systems with inertia, forming a hierarchical pattern known as the Devil's Staircase.
3664h agoThe midvein plays a crucial role in generating the diverse morphologies that emerge during leaf drying by imposing mechanical constraints on the shrinking leaf lamina.
3664h agoConstrained instantons provide a method for computing the vacuum decay rate in theories where no saddle point exists, and applying this approach to a massive scalar field theory reveals a two-branch structure of solutions.
3664h agoThe influence matrix requires different computational resources to accurately represent quantum many-body dynamics, depending on whether the dynamics is chaotic or integrable.
3664h agoThe dynamics of collinear points in a three-body problem with elliptical orbits can be modeled using a Hamiltonian and normal form approach, allowing for the construction of various types of orbits.
3664h agoThis study investigates the rotational dynamics of two ellipsoid-shaped rigid bodies moving under their gravitational influence, focusing on their behavior, linear stability, and main resonances.
3664h agoA physics-informed machine learning framework accurately predicts the emergence of coherent oscillations in stochastic systems driven by noise, matching simulation results with improved accuracy and reduced computation.
3664h agoThe dynamics of perturbed many-body integrable systems can be characterized by the time evolution of Lax eigenvalues, which act as a proxy for quasi-particles velocities.
3664h agoDissipative-soliton resonance emerges in strongly chirped dissipative solitons, allowing for a direct pathway to high-energy femtosecond oscillators without external amplification.
3664h agoA deep learning framework identifies the types of orbits in chaotic dynamical systems, categorizing them into weakly chaotic, strongly chaotic, and regular orbits.
3664h agoA new control strategy based on adiabatic spectral submanifolds enables soft robots to accurately track complex paths using low-dimensional models built purely from data.
3664h agoThree-state cellular automata exhibit different classes of ergodic behavior, which can be classified based on transformation properties under discrete symmetries and quantified by observables such as mean return time, conserved quantities, and correlation functions.
3664h agoThe dissipative dynamics of interacting spin models coupled to a Markovian environment are qualitatively independent of the underlying graph, and the steady states exhibit mixed-state topological order with long-range quantum correlations.
3664h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under uniaxial tensile stress depends on temperature and direction, with elastic parameters, fracture stress, and strain decreasing almost linearly with temperature.
3664h agoChaos is typical in certain geometric spaces, but averaging over ensembles of these spaces suppresses chaos and brings behavior closer to that of black hole backgrounds.
3664h agoOptical phonons with non-linearities can dynamically break crystalline inversion symmetry, leading to a steady state with broken symmetry, strong second harmonic generation, and ferroelectric rectification of the driving signal.
3664h agoSoliton interactions in coupled Kerr microcavities are governed by mechanisms that depend on coupling strength, pump phase difference, and asymmetric perturbations.
3664h agoStructural disorder causes a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator to undergo phase transitions between topologically non-trivial and trivial phases.
3664h agoA critical region with multifractal eigenstates separates localized and delocalized states in the two-dimensional quantum percolation model, with two distinct transitions occurring at different concentrations.
3664h agoCombining landscape-based and dynamical approaches reveals new insights into the behavior of high-dimensional random landscapes, which underlie phenomena such as glassy physics and optimization in machine learning.
3664h agoProbabilistic computing can solve complex spin glass systems with constant scaling in iterations needed to find solutions of a given quality.
3664h agoThe statistics of correlations in nonlinear recurrent neural networks can be described by exact expressions that include corrections for a large number of neurons.
3664h agoThe unified perturbative framework reveals that interaction corrections cause a universal negative T4 correction to the quantized heat flux along a chiral quantum Hall edge.
3664h agoDeFecT-FF, a new framework, predicts the energies and configurations of defects and impurities in CdTe-based solar cells, enabling rapid screening and discovery of new low-energy defect configurations.
3664h agoGlass-formers exhibit a universal scaling of their relaxation time near the glass transition, described by just two material-specific parameters and three universal constants.
3664h agoThe coherent Ising machine's optimization dynamics can exploit soft-modes in low-energy global minima to find hidden solutions to complex optimization problems, even when surrounded by many unaligned local minima.
3664h agoAn intrinsic length scale governs local failure in amorphous solids under shear, and this length scale grows with the age of the system.
3664h agoThe structure of neural connections in the brain shapes collective activity in nonlinear neural networks, affecting the dimension and timescales of activity fluctuations.
3664h agoThe surface code protects encoded quantum information against generic single-qubit coherent errors, with an error-correcting phase existing when rotation angles are less than a certain threshold.
3664h agoMemristive nanowire networks extract compact audio features that enable high-performance audio classification with low latency and data efficiency.
3664h agoA single large model achieves optimal performance, but ensembles of smaller models can achieve near-optimal performance in the overparameterized regime when the total feature count is considered.
3664h agoFrustrated local measurements cause free fermions in one dimension to exhibit superdiffusive behavior and generate fractal-scaling entanglement entropy.
3664h agoTime quasicrystals emerge in a disordered quantum Ising chain as a long-lived, prethermal dynamical phase with quasiperiodic oscillations in transverse magnetization.
3664h agoThe ConvNext architecture achieves comparable variational energies to the state of the art for quantum many-body ground states, particularly for frustrated spin systems.
3664h agoHigher physical activity levels in older adults are associated with stronger immediate responses in body sway to optic flow perturbations, reducing their reliance on visual input during walking.
3664h agoHuman tau induces a shift to glycolysis for energy production in neurons, which drives pathology and accelerates aging, rather than being a protective response.
3664h agoReappraisal, a key emotion regulation strategy, relies on specific brain networks involved in attentional control and switching to manage emotional responses.
3664h agoDirect stimulation of the auditory cortex enables mice to perceive sounds with fine spectral, temporal, and noise-resistant discrimination, and generates interpretable sound-like percepts.
3668h agoOverexpressing TDP-43 protein in motor neurons of two rhesus macaques induces widespread deposits of pathological TDP-43 in the cervical spinal cord and motor cortex, mimicking a key feature of ALS.
3668h agoPeople with depression and low self-esteem update their self-beliefs less when good things happen because they blame external factors, and they have a stronger tendency to focus on negative experiences.
3668h agoDopaminergic signaling, specifically through the dopamine 4 receptor subtype, refines locomotor activity from an immature to a mature pattern during development in vertebrates.
3668h agoThe hippocampus' intermediate CA3 subfield plays a key role in encoding social novelty, while the intermediate CA1 subfield primarily encodes spatial position, suggesting a division of labor within the hippocampus for processing social and spatial information.
3668h agoA specific intracellular motif in the serotonin-gated ion channel LGC-50 links receptor dynamics to behavioural plasticity, and its deletion impairs memory stability and retrieval in Caenorhabditis elegans.
3668h agoHaving a flexible internal model of the world helps people better understand unexpected information in language.
3668h agoExternal and internal cognitive domain switching effects are asymmetrical, with distinct neural mechanisms involved in switching between processing information guided by the external world and internally-generated thoughts.
3668h agoBrain entropy captures unique variance in task activation beyond what is explained by brain morphology alone, linking brain structure to task activation.
3668h agoThe brain controls liver glucose metabolism in a lobe-specific, lateralized way through symmetric brain-liver sympathetic pathways, with each side of the brain regulating the opposite side of the liver.
3668h agoCA3 inputs from the right side drive the initial refinement of spatial maps in CA1, then inputs from the left side take over to maintain stability as the maps mature.
3668h agoThe salivary microbiome composition is similar in patients with rapid-eye-movement behavior disorder (RBD) and early Parkinson's disease (PD), and can be used to distinguish between RBD and controls with high accuracy.
3672h agoskiftiTools enables advanced statistical modeling with voxelwise neuroimaging data by converting it into a format readable by common statistical tools, facilitating a wide range of voxel-level analyses.
3672h agoRubidium-based zero-field optically pumped magnetometers can measure retinal high frequency oscillations up to 140 Hz.
3672h agoPeople with OCD show different brain activation patterns during response inhibition and error processing compared to controls, and these patterns vary by age group and symptom severity.
3672h agoThe proposed method based on variational graph contrastive learning shows that structure-function coupling in the brain is strongest in the Visual network and weakest in the Orbito-affective network.
3672h agoThe accumulation of alpha-synuclein into Lewy bodies is a key feature of Parkinson's disease, and a new model using human cells faithfully replicates the diverse characteristics of these disease-related structures.
3672h agoThe maturation of the glymphatic system protects the central nervous system from Zika virus infection by limiting the spread of the virus in the brain.
3672h agoNo change is needed; the paragraph does not contain a summary sentence, it appears to be a citation and publication information. However, if you'd like, I can try to create a summary based on the title of the article: A single-vector intersectional AAV strategy allows for interrogating cellular diversity and brain function.
3676h agoAltering GSK3{beta} expression affects neuronal function, causing changes in visual responses, including increased response latency and reduced photoreceptor maximum response.
3676h agoEdward L. Keller identified key elements of the brainstem circuits that produce eye movements.
3680h agoFine-mapping genomic loci identifies refined bipolar disorder risk genes.
3680h agoConnectome datasets are not enough to predict neural activity on their own, but combining them with neural recordings can accurately predict activity in unrecorded neurons.
3680h agoMaturation of white matter tracts and refinement of neural firing patterns improve working memory precision during adolescent brain development.
3680h agoSchizophrenia shows fetal-like regulatory patterns in adult neurons, linking early brain development to its pathogenesis.
3680h agoPeople with central vision loss tend to choose more neutral-looking faces to represent emotions, whereas controls choose more extreme, caricatured faces.
3680h agoHuman concept cells in the Medial Temporal Lobe show graded responses to semantic information, following tuning curves that vary across brain regions.
3680h agoMigrating neurons in the adult brain physically reshape the mature circuit by displacing and deforming surrounding structures to reach their targets.
3680h agoFacial expressions associated with emotions vary by context and individual, and distinct facial structures are linked to different emotions in a context-dependent way.
3680h agoThe basal ganglia circuit in songbirds has a complex and interconnected structure, challenging the traditional view of it as a simple feedforward processor, with a direct and hyperdirect pathway dominating and strong interconnectivity between neurons.
3680h agoThe neuropeptide arginine-vasopressin's effect on social behavior is mediated by the vasopressin 1a receptor (V1aR), which is densely expressed in the lateral septum (LS) and connected to an integrated circuit that regulates social and emotional behavior.
3680h agoNeuronal assemblies in the optic tectum of the zebrafish larva maintain a stable balance of excitation and inhibition during spontaneous activations, and have a low-rank organization with a discrete number of temporal activation patterns that can be modulated by the cholinergic system.
3680h agoLow-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation of the prelimbic cortex can be tuned to either excite or inhibit dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core, depending on the oscillation frequency used.
3680h agoBehavior-Adaptive Connectivity Estimation (BACE) framework accurately recovers directed interactions between brain regions and provides interpretable connectivity matrices for understanding how brain regions coordinate to produce behavior.
3688h agoFine-grained perceptual content is critical for model-based spatial reasoning, and shared representational geometries between spatial simulation and perceptual experience enable better spatial world modelling in AI.
3688h agoConsciousness is a physical process that can be modeled computationally, and a new model identifies the structural and functional mechanisms that effect it, confirming that consciousness arises from the interaction between a system's substrate and its reactive behavior.
3688h agoProtoEEG-kNN, an inherently interpretable model, detects interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in EEG recordings with state-of-the-art accuracy and provides explanations that experts prefer.
3688h agoDifferent neural and artificial neural networks rely on similar representations to support tasks, with geometry and tuning encoding specific signatures and linearly decodable information being globally shared.
3688h agoThe interaction between excitatory neurons, inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin interneurons generates multiple rhythms within a neural network.
3688h agoBrainCognizer, a novel brain decoding model, accurately reconstructs visual stimuli from brain activity by exploring multi-level semantics and correlations inspired by human visual cognition.
3688h agoMachines learn representations that align with those of the human mind, and their internal geometry can accurately predict human classification behavior.
3688h agoNew methods enable more accurate and scalable analysis of neural spike train data by extending the Poisson Generalized Linear Model to continuous-time, improving temporal resolution and functional connectivity inference.
3688h agoA new approach using an encoder-decoder transformer model discovers regions in the cortex with complex selectivity for diverse semantic concepts.
3688h agoPulsed wave transcranial photobiomodulation therapy modulates specific patterns in the human brain, enhancing brain functional networks and duration of microstate C.
3688h agoNeural representations in both biological and artificial systems change gradually over time due to ongoing input, and learning noise from task-irrelevant stimuli can cause long-term drift in the representation of task-relevant stimuli.
3688h agoA Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system called FocusCalm uses EEG headbands to monitor brain activity and detect when students are not paying attention, achieving an accuracy of 88.77% in classifying attention and non-attention states.
3688h agoA new pretrained model called REVE enables computers to accurately analyze diverse EEG brain signals by introducing a novel way to encode signal positions, achieving top results on 10 EEG tasks.
3688h agoRecurrent neural networks with random weights from heavy-tailed distributions exhibit a sharp transition between quiescent and chaotic dynamics, with a broader parameter regime near the edge of chaos but lower effective dimensionality.
3688h agoA novel model-based intrinsic drive, called 3M-Progress, enables artificial agents to achieve animal-like exploration and autonomous behavior by tracking divergence between an online world model and a fixed prior learned from an ecological niche.
3688h agoThe GLM-Transformer model identifies neural population interactions by capturing nonstationary individual-neuron dynamics and directed interactions between neural populations, offering a step toward improved understanding of signal transmission across brain areas.
3688h agoPOCO, a unified forecasting model, accurately predicts future neural activity across different brain recordings and species, capturing both individual neuron and brain-wide dynamics.
3688h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex should be expanded over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between receptive field responses under different viewing conditions.
3688h agoA new solution using a "decoupling matrix" allows feed-forward active shielding to reduce ambient magnetic fields to zero across the full frequency range, enabling more effective and lower-cost measurement systems.
3688h agoThe Time-Evolving Visual Dynamical System (TE-ViDS) model extracts low-dimensional latent representations from neural activity that evolve over time, revealing intrinsic correlations between neural activity and naturalistic visual stimuli.
3688h agoA new framework called FOND derives neural inference dynamics from principles of natural gradients, online belief updating, and iterative refinement, leading to the development of a recurrent spiking neural network called iP-VAE that performs variational inference efficiently and effectively.
3688h agoLimitations on recording neurons affect the accuracy of representational similarity measures between neural recordings and computational models, but a new analytical framework and denoising method can help overcome these limitations.
3688h agoRepresentation learning in neural networks is governed by emergent entropic forces that arise from stochasticity and discrete-time updates, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
3688h agoLarge language models have limited ability to monitor their own cognitive processes, and their capacity to report and control their internal workings depends on factors such as the number of examples provided and the interpretability of their neural activation patterns.
3688h agoTurbulence occurs when a deterministic process changes to a stochastic one due to a change in thermodynamic states, and is characterized by a quasi-periodic probability density function with negative probability regimes.
3688h agoA deep learning framework identifies the types of orbits in chaotic dynamical systems, including weakly chaotic, strongly chaotic, and regular orbits, by analyzing the complex and mixed behaviors in the generalized kicked rotator system.
3688h agoThe local Gaussian correlation network among negative tails of stock returns in the Shanghai Stock Exchange is more sensitive to stock market risks than networks based on Pearson correlations or local Gaussian correlations among positive tails.
3688h agoResource allocation and epidemic spreading are linked in a dynamic model, where four distinct patterns of disease prevalence emerge as resources are allocated to recipients.
3688h agoMultiple commutation relations of the quantum affine algebra can be expressed using trigonometric weight functions, independent of the representation of the L-operator.
3688h agoLarge language models' generated text shows puzzling behaviors like repetition and incoherence, and a new measure called correlation dimension reveals the complexity of text and detects degeneration in generated text.
3688h agoA simplified mathematical model describes the dynamics of optical waves in a special type of material with zero average electrical permittivity, taking into account nonuniformity, nonlinearity, and external pumping.
3688h agoCritical transitions in coupled dissipative kicked rotors arise from bifurcations of simple states, leading to multistability and coexisting spatial patterns.
3688h agoDynaMix, a novel mixture-of-experts architecture, accurately forecasts the long-term evolution of novel dynamical systems without re-training, outperforming existing time series models.
3688h agoThe coherent Ising machine optimization process uses evolving energy landscapes to guide the solution of complex optimization problems, and can evade high-energy local minima to find lower-energy global minima that align with hidden solutions.
3688h agoA new method computes real-space maps of local spectral operators in tight-binding models with linear scaling and accurately estimates values even under strong spatial fluctuations.
3688h agoPhilip Warren Anderson's work fundamentally shaped our understanding of complex systems, particularly in areas such as localization, magnetism, superconductivity, and broken symmetry.
3688h agoThe spectral functions of certain many-body quantum-mechanical systems develop non-compact support and exponential tails, which are properties required for holographic duality and the emergence of a semiclassical spacetime.
3688h agoThe Kramers escape rate for Brownian particles in bistable substrates changes with the shape deformability of the double-well potential, and a critical value of deformability triggers non-Gaussian corrections and a first-order transition in quantum tunneling.
3688h agoLimitations on recording neurons affect the accuracy of representational similarity measures between neural recordings and computational models, but a new analytical framework and denoising method can help overcome these limitations.
3688h agoProbabilistic neurons can generate more accurate results by producing multiple samples, and energy tradeoffs can be estimated to compare this approach with adding more bits to a single deterministic sample.
3688h agoRepresentation learning in neural networks is governed by emergent entropic forces that arise from stochasticity and discrete-time updates, leading to a series of gradient balance phenomena and explaining universal alignment of neural representations and optimization behaviors.
3688h agoSelf-attention layers can be understood through dynamical systems analysis, revealing that normalization plays a key role in stabilizing inference dynamics and enabling high performance.
3688h agoFlat-band systems allow for controllable quantum transport, which can be achieved by integrating flat-band and all-bands-flat lattices into a hybrid structure.
3688h agoDefects in conformal field theories can be uplifted to defects in a supersymetric theory with two possible dimensions, and this uplift leads to new relations between defect conformal blocks and a reduction of global symmetry.
3688h agoAt least three electrostatic interactions between two docked Cx36 hemichannels are required to form functional gap junctions, and these interactions ensure Cx36 specifically docks with itself, not other brain connexins.
3688h agoThe auditory system changes how it localizes sounds based on recent experiences and the context in which sounds are presented, resulting in biased perceptions of sound location.
3688h agoTraining improves sound localization accuracy in virtual reality, and generic head-related transfer functions may be sufficient for most applications when combined with user training.
3692h agoArtificial neural networks trained with different random initializations exhibit substantial individual differences that resemble those in humans, and these differences can be used to improve predictions of individual human responses.
3692h agoPerceptual decisions rely on active sampling of cues from the environment, and the time spent sampling affects detection success, with differences in sampling behavior between male and female rats.
3692h agoACE2 in the striatum regulates the balance of neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine, and its disruption impairs motor learning and action selection.
3692h agoMacaque monkeys' brain neurons adjust their activity based on the relative positions of two objects in a scene, helping to coordinate attention, gaze, and motor goals.
3692h agoVDAC activation inhibits long-term potentiation and memory formation in the hippocampus by triggering neuroinflammatory pathways, an effect that can be prevented by certain neuroactive steroids.
3692h agoDirect conversion of somatic cells to induced neural stem cells results in pronounced epigenetic de-aging, with cells from aged donors showing around 13% and 5% of their original age after conversion.
3692h agoSpike-timing dependent plasticity rules affect the formation of polychronous groups and cell ensembles, which represent different types of memory, in distinct ways in cortical and hippocampal CA1 networks.
3692h agoA new classification framework reveals that distinct brain network configurations differentiate cannabis users, alcohol users, and healthy controls, and that shared and substance-specific mechanisms drive addiction.
3692h agoThe brain represents visual information in a way that is neither fully tied to the viewer's perspective nor fully based on the object's position in the world.
3692h agoThe brain and spinal cord encode pain perception through different patterns of activity and connectivity, with spinal cord representations primarily tracking stimulus intensity and brain regions encoding both stimulus intensity and subjective pain experience.
3692h agoThe neural system uses a hierarchical pathway to perform path integration, where velocity information is first processed by band cells, then coordinated with grid cells to calculate location.
3692h agoPex11β regulates mitochondrial dynamics by balancing fission and fusion, and its dysregulation contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
3692h agoA gradient-boosted ensemble framework accurately predicts blood-brain barrier permeability by classifying compounds as permeable or non-permeable using precomputed molecular fingerprints.
3692h agoThe brain coordinates threat displays in male Drosophila through a hierarchical circuit that combines the activity of specific neurons to generate characteristic wing and leg movements.
3692h agoA new therapeutic candidate, T2, shows promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by targeting two key factors, G9a and GSK-3B, and improves memory, restores behaviors, and increases synaptic complexity in a mouse model.
3704h agoThe neuron-specific a3 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase pump enables high-frequency firing in certain neurons by having a low affinity for intracellular Na, and its unique kinetic features determine firing capacity, not pump quantity.
3704h agoHuntington's disease neurons show changes in protein phosphorylation, including altered abundance of 177 phosphopeptides and changes in protein MXRA8 that may contribute to impaired signaling and autophagy.
3704h agoThe visual working memory content influences automatic eye movements, with corrective eye movements more frequently biased towards distractors that match the memorized color, especially when the memory task is harder.
3704h agoLearning a visually-guided discrimination task increases information about relevant sensory features through distinct changes in the visual cortical hierarchy, with neurons in primary visual cortex encoding features more reliably and neurons in parietal cortex reorganizing their feature preferences in a task-specific manner.
3704h agoKetamine triggers a wave of neuroplasticity that starts in the medial prefrontal cortex and moves to the hippocampus, with the serotonergic system acting as a key connector.
3704h agoButyrate decreases amyloid beta accumulation in endothelial cells by activating the insulin signaling pathway, which improves blood-brain barrier integrity.
3704h agoAcute stress changes how the hippocampus works, enhancing its ability to detect patterns and learn statistically, while impairing its ability to form specific memories.
3704h agoIndividuals differ in their tendency to avoid punishment, and this difference relates to distinct brain networks in the prefrontal cortex that drive adaptive or maladaptive responses to negative outcomes.
3708h agoThe shape of brain oscillations provides information about brain processes, and changes in this shape can be linked to specific effects of the drug diazepam on the brain.
3712h agoHousing Ndufs4-/- mice at a warmer temperature increases their lifespan, reduces disease symptoms, and improves their activity level.
3712h agoNeuronal extracellular vesicles deliver microRNAs to specific parts of neurons to regulate axonal growth and shape neurodevelopment.
3728h agoActivating certain brain cells in the preoptic area induces a state of lowered body temperature and reduced metabolism that protects against brain damage in a mouse stroke model.
3728h agoThe neural activity in gerbil brains can accurately identify the type and family of vocalizations, despite variations in sound, by processing different acoustic features.
3728h agoThe visual salience of options guides value-based decisions by influencing the efficiency of evidence accumulation, with more similar visual cues making it harder for rats to choose between high and low reward options.
3728h agoHuman neural organoids and assembloids exhibit distinct neuronal morphologies, including immature pyramidal-like, double-bouquet, and bushy-like neurons, with interregional assembloids showing greater complexity and features of emerging connectivity.
3728h agoIncreased substance use during adolescence and young adulthood is linked to high impulsivity, low inhibitory control, and low basal ganglia tissue iron, a marker of dopamine function.
3732h agoAstrocytes with APOE3 variant prevent cholesterol and lipid induced damage to nerve cells, while astrocytes with APOE4 variant do not, and this is linked to differences in lipid transport.
3732h agoSensory areas in the mammalian brain, specifically the auditory cortex, encode the class and temporal structure of future vocal output, with distinct neuronal activity patterns occurring before vocalizations.
3732h agoHuman microglia and neurons co-mature and interact in a specific way that allows them to develop and function normally, and this interaction is necessary to understand various central nervous system disorders.
3732h agoObservers focus on visual information that helps them understand their environment, prioritising semantically salient objects when it aids their understanding.
3732h agoRecurrent neural networks with random weights from heavy-tailed distributions exhibit a sharp transition between quiescent and chaotic dynamics, and show a broader gain regime near the edge of chaos but with lower effective dimensionality.
3732h agoSchizophrenia starts with an early disruption in forebrain development, which is linked to abnormal gene expression, changes in brain cell formation, and disrupted brain connections.
3732h agoLoss of stmn2a and stmn2b expression disrupts the assembly of zebrafish neuromuscular junctions during development, leading to impaired motor function and reduced ability to regenerate motor axons.
3732h agoThe dentate gyrus preferentially responds to social stimuli at both the level of individual neurons and neural networks.
3732h agoAdgrl2 controls neural circuit assembly and cerebrovascular integrity through cell-type specific isoforms produced by alternative splicing.
3732h agoDepleting CpG motifs from the AAV genome prevents AAV-induced dendritic loss and synaptic weakening, offering a strategy to protect neurons without compromising immunity.
3732h agoCells in the human hippocampus, amygdala, and orbitofrontal cortex respond selectively to specific event orders, helping to form memories of sequences of events.
3732h agoA biophysically informed neural field model reveals reduced corticothalamic integrity in patients with disorders of consciousness, with more pronounced effects in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome than in minimally conscious state.
3732h agoCSNK2B gene replacement in mice corrects autism-like behaviors, seizures, and brain abnormalities, and normalizes brain activity, providing a potential therapy for CSNK2B-linked neurodevelopmental disorders.
3736h agoThe primate visual system represents basic visual features like orientation throughout its entire network, even in higher areas, due to the integration of low- and high-level features in functional "hubs".
3736h agoCannabidiol (CBD) serves both pain-relieving and pain-causing functions in larval zebrafish, with low concentrations reducing pain responses and high concentrations increasing pain sensitivity through activation of the Trpa1b receptor.
3736h agoThe drift-diffusion model can account for choice-induced preference change when it is extended to include independent attributes in the drift rate.
3736h agoBladder mucosal afferents become hypersensitive during urinary tract infections and play a key role in driving infection-induced pain and frequent urination.
3736h agoSocial experiences in adolescence shape individual social profiles, which can predict future social behaviors and are associated with specific brain metabolites and gene expressions.
3736h agoKOR activation delays the initiation of reward-seeking behavior and changes dopamine signaling patterns, making it more salient and potentially contributing to habitual behaviors.
3736h agoRetinal waves instruct the development of the visual system, and a new toolbox can automatically detect and analyze their spatiotemporal properties, revealing dynamic changes in wave properties over time and in response to pharmacological agents.
3740h agoStimulation of the premotor and parietal cortex disrupts motor activity by inducing cortical silent periods in the voluntarily activated upper limb, even without eliciting motor evoked potentials.
3740h agoIschemic injury alters vascular function, leads to inflammation and oxidative stress, and impairs angiogenesis, causing progressive changes in lesion volume, vascular remodeling, and blood-brain barrier permeability.
3740h agoHDAP2 protects retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve axons in a pressure-dependent manner, preserving 49% more cells than untreated retinas at similar pressure exposures.
3740h agoPhysiological crosstalk between human retinas predicts the nature of neurovascular coupling in the brain, and this crosstalk is linked to larger brain responses and may serve as a biomarker for disease in diabetes.
3740h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be used to generate parasympathetic neurons that mimic native physiological features and interact with heart cells.
3740h agoThe insular cortex's pyramidal neurons have 21 distinct morphological types, 12 electrical types, and 9 input types that are linked to their functions and connections.
3740h agoEntropy maps of brain network communities show that local entropy decreases in predictable brain regions during tasks like working memory and music listening, reflecting self-organization of neural processes.
3740h agoThe fish Gymnotus omarorum maintains territorial aggression year-round by changing hormone levels and gene expression in its brain to support this behavior during different seasons.
3740h agoFast trill neurons, which help produce fast trills in male X. laevis frogs, are also present in frogs that do not produce fast trills, and may serve other functions.
3740h agoAugmented feedback helps expert performers improve intricate skills by providing detailed information about their movements, allowing them to break through performance plateaus and refine their actions.
3740h agoDeep generative models can synthesize accurate perfusion maps from routine non-contrast MRI scans, potentially streamlining stroke imaging and reducing the need for contrast injection.
3740h agoOlder adults have weaker brain responses to visual scenes during memory encoding, and this decline is linked to reduced activity in the brain's locus coeruleus, affecting their memory performance.
3740h agoThe ageing turquoise killifish retina develops hallmark features of age-related macular degeneration and human ageing, including photoreceptor deterioration and lipid deposits.
3740h agoThe brain controls attention through rhythmic fluctuations, mainly at 8-12 Hz, and this neural code for attention changes with task demands and affects behavior.
3740h agoQuantum computing can help solve multi-objective optimization challenges by using a low-depth quantum algorithm to find better solutions than classical approaches.
3744h agoChronic stress causes changes in the prefrontal cortex characterized by down-regulation of glia, myelin, and vascular pathways and suppression of immediate-early gene activity, which can link to psychiatric disorders.
3744h agoDapansutrile treatment reduces neurodegeneration, motor problems, and abnormal protein clumps in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome in reactive microglia.
3748h agoThe cerebellum plays a key role in adapting motor movements to visual delays by sending excitatory signals to other brain regions, such as V5, and receiving inhibitory signals in return.
3752h agoAutism spectrum disorder involves widespread and heterogeneous deviations in brain network organization, particularly in the language network, which is associated with distinct behavioral profiles and cortical gene expression patterns.
3752h agoThe LRRK2 G2019S mutation impairs GABAergic transmission and disrupts the balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain, leading to a dominance of excitatory signals.
3752h agoPrenatal exposure to cannabinoids, including CBD and THC, leads to lasting changes in adult behavior, including increased risk assessment in females and repetitive behavior in both sexes.
3752h agoSystemic respiratory infections change the brain's gene activity in Alzheimer's disease, dampening immune responses and activating vascular and infection-fighting processes.
3752h agoThe cell-specific connectivity of a three-population circuit made of excitatory, parvalbumin, and somatostatin neurons generates gamma oscillations and determines the phase relationships between the activities of these neurons.
3752h agoA wearable device that combines multiple sensors and a computer chip helps people with upper-limb function, improving tremor control, range of motion, and movement repetitions.
3760h agoA new framework enables efficient GPU-accelerated simulation of sparse spiking neural networks with structural plasticity, allowing for faster training times and reduced computational requirements.
3760h agoThe absence of local obstructions characterizes convexity in neural codes with up to three maximal codewords, and also in many codes with four maximal codewords, but sometimes a second type of obstruction, a "wheel", is also required.
3760h agoA novel two-system approach enables continual learning and flexible reuse of skills in recurrent neural network models by separating the inference of what computation to perform from how to perform it.
3760h agoDeep learning approaches are advancing neurological diagnostics by analyzing brain signals from EEG and iEEG, improving diagnosis and monitoring across seven neurological conditions.
3760h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex should be expanded over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between receptive field responses under different viewing conditions.
3760h agoA novel framework combines virtual reality and EEG recordings to quantify mental and emotional states over time, enabling the inference of emotional states and development of mathematical models to capture their temporal dynamics.
3760h agoThe cerebral cortex displays different patterns of activity that change over time depending on the brain state, ranging from unconsciousness to consciousness, which are characterized by varying levels of synchronization and complexity.
3760h agoMeasurement processes of quantum systems can be reformulated as probabilistic equations using probabilistic state vectors, which can be approximated by the neural network dynamics of the Tensor Brain model.
3760h agoA new fractional mathematical model describes the interaction between plants and water in arid environments, simulating vegetation migration and linking water advection and diffusion with the slope of the domain.
3760h agoSpace resonances govern long-time dynamics in weakly nonlinear dispersive wave systems when wave packets share the same group velocity and remain co-located.
3760h agoA revised continuum model yields soliton amplitudes and velocities that agree closely with numerical simulations, achieving an improvement of 1/9 over a previous benchmark.
3760h agoTwo new quantum algorithms solve reaction-diffusion equations using truncated Chebyshev polynomial approximation with gate complexities of O(d·log(d)+T·polylog(T/ε)) and O(polylog(d)·T·polylog(T/ε)).
3760h agoFusion categories with a non-invertible, self-dual object give rise to integrable anyonic chains with a Hamiltonian density that satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra.
3760h agoSoliton interactions in coupled Kerr microcavities are governed by mechanisms that depend on coupling strength, perturbations, and pump phase difference.
3760h agoA weakly nonlinear framework extends classical tools to structured PDE models, allowing for the study of pattern formation in heterogeneous populations with sharply peaked or singular steady states.
3760h agoEquitability is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of linearly independent cluster synchronised solutions in networks of coupled dynamical units with multiplex or higher-order interactions.
3760h agoIncluding global-range interaction allows Bethe Ansatz solutions for quantum systems beyond one-dimensional models.
3760h agoNew semi-discrete nonlinear systems, including a twelve-component and a six-component system, were developed to model physical phenomena on quasi-one-dimensional lattices.
3760h agoModulational instability in a two-component ultracold atomic gas generates dispersive shock waves, which can be analytically described and experimentally observed, leading to the production of Peregrine soliton structures.
3760h agoThe asymptotic expansion of the tau-function for a special solution of the string equation is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
3760h agoThe Reshetikhin condition implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities in quantum spin chains with finite-range interactions.
3760h agoA mobility edge exists in the spectrum of two coupled tight-binding chains with incommensurate periods, where higher-energy states abruptly become localized, and a weak magnetic field enhances localization while a strong field delocalizes most states.
3760h agoElectromagnetic waves and scalar waves exhibit a non-ergodic extended phase with fractal quasimodes in disordered media, with electromagnetic waves remaining in this phase at high disorder strength and scalar waves eventually becoming localized.
3760h agoA multifractal analysis of the local density of states offers a clear signature of criticality in quasiperiodic moiré materials, allowing for its identification and probing through scanning tunneling microscopy.
3760h agoA new model proposes that phonon anomalies in solids, including the van Hove singularity and the boson peak, share a common physical origin and can be unified within a single framework.
3760h agoConfinement between two parallel plates changes the self-diffusion process of a hard sphere fluid, which depends on the height of the system.
3760h agoThe 3D toric code exhibits fault-tolerance thresholds of approximately 11% against bit-flip errors and 2% against phase-flip errors, showing its robustness against measurement errors.
3760h agoTinkering decouples Fiedler and spectral dimensions in composite networks, providing insights into their collective behavior.
3760h agoThe Russian Doll Model shows a rich phase structure with extended, localized, ergodic, and multifractal phases in its parameter plane.
3760h agoResidual networks have better trainability and performance than feed-forward networks at large depth because skip connections and a scaling parameter for the residual branch improve signal propagation and generalization.
3760h agoPhase change materials' performance relies on the dynamics of their supercooled liquid phase, which affects device operation and glass structural relaxations, and is marked by a breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation between viscosity and diffusion coefficient.
3760h agoTemperature chaos in spin glasses arises from reentrance, where a drop in temperature drives the system from an ordered to a less ordered phase.
3760h agoThe unwrapped Wilson line method efficiently computes the bulk topological invariant in multiband systems, accurately capturing all topological edge states and providing a robust framework for understanding topological properties.
3760h agoDeep generative models, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), have connections to diffusion processes and coupled Bosons, and their learning mechanisms involve a symmetry breaking process in the energy landscape during training.
3760h agoWord embeddings based on co-occurrence probability show a linear analogy structure, which emerges from the top eigenvectors of the co-occurrence matrix and is enhanced by using logarithmic transformation.
3760h agoHyperuniform systems have three classes with different levels of uniformity, with Class I systems showing the highest degree of uniformity from small to large length scales, followed by Class II and Class III systems.
3760h agoThe spectral SIE theorem reveals a universal speed limit for R'enyi entanglement growth, establishing a robust $1/s^2$ decay threshold in the entanglement spectrum.
3760h agoNeurons adapt to environmental changes through two processes that tune their excitability, allowing them to maintain stable function and respond differently to future challenges.
3760h agoProtracted sampling, where evidence is accumulated over time, is used to judge subtle feature differences in a long stimulus, but alternative non-integration strategies like extremum-detection also fit the data.
3760h agoNeuronal extracellular vesicles interact with proteins involved in synaptic transmission, vesicle trafficking, and inhibitory neurotransmission, and this interaction changes in Alzheimer's disease.
3764h agoGene replacement therapy with adeno-associated virus (AAV) human FOXG1 can improve some behavioral deficits in FOXG1 syndrome, but may worsen motor behaviors in female patients.
3764h agoDeamidation of amyloid beta-42 alters its aggregation and reduces microglial activation and inflammatory signaling.
3764h agoA high-fat diet causes a faster onset and progression of Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in female mice than in male mice.
3764h agoPersistent neural activity in the auditory cortex enables the decoding of past stimuli during both wakefulness and sleep.
3764h agoGraph Neural Networks, particularly the Graph Attention Network architecture, accurately segment the brain surface based on structural brain connectivity, and combining data from diffusion and structural MRI improves segmentation results.
3764h agoIndividual cortical neurons can have axonal connections that cover 30-40% of all cortical areas, and combining a few neurons can reach almost all areas.
3764h agoThe frailty index, which measures health and longevity, is a reliable predictor of age-related cognitive decline in mice, reflecting not only general physiological aging but also brain aging.
3764h agoNeural inflammation in thoracic dorsal root ganglia drives cardiopulmonary afferent sensitization through suppression of voltage-gated potassium channels after myocardial infarction, leading to chronic heart failure.
3764h agoMovement duration emerges from the control policy itself, and this idea successfully explains diverse aspects of human reaching behavior, including tradeoffs between movement duration and task parameters.
3764h agoConsidering both local and global brain connectivity properties, including higher-order statistical associations, improves the identification of meaningful individual differences that relate to phenotypic expressions.
3764h agoThe ventral temporal pole plays a critical role in recalling verbal emotional memories, and damage to this area selectively impairs this type of memory.
3768h agoCocaine use disorder is associated with abnormal brain changes, specifically increased neural processing times in visual, somatomotor, and default mode networks, linked to altered brain chemistry and impaired inhibitory control.
3768h agoSmall molecules can control DNA binding and release by AP1 transcription factors, including deltaFOSB, by docking into a novel site outside the DNA-binding cleft.
3768h agoA unique neural signature predicts individual differences in long-term memory encoding, and this signature is independent of visual working memory and attentional control.
3768h agoA compound called YL0441 disrupts the binding of deltaFOSB to DNA, which plays a key role in the development of drug addiction, cognitive decline, and several other chronic neurological and psychiatric conditions.
3768h agoBehavior-Adaptive Connectivity Estimation (BACE) framework learns phase-specific, directed inter-regional connectivity from brain activity and provides explicit connectivity matrices that reveal behavior-aligned reconfiguration of inter-regional influence.
3768h agoShort-range connections within and between prefrontal cortex subdivisions can be mapped with high precision and accuracy in the living human brain using an anatomically-guided approach.
3768h agoThe primate dorsomedial prefrontal cortex uses a gaze-dependent process to accumulate social evidence from a partner's actions and guide cooperative decisions.
3768h agoTheta and gamma neural dynamics in the human auditory cortex track syllable boundaries and encode phonemic information during speech perception, and are primarily driven by the acoustic envelope of speech rather than internal brain mechanisms.
3768h agoGluN2A, GluN2B, and GluN2D NMDAR subunits are robustly expressed in dorsal horn neurons of both rodents and humans, and are preferentially localized to the superficial dorsal horn, with differences in distribution between species and across development.
3768h agoPSD-95 plays a critical role in driving binocular maturation, and its absence impairs binocular integration during ethologically demanding behaviors.
3768h agoLH-GABA neurons are involved in learning both rewarding and aversive associations, and their activity is highest in response to cues that predict aversive outcomes.
3768h agoLamin B1 regulates neuronal migration by controlling nuclear deformability, and its excess or imbalance leads to impaired neuronal positioning and electrophysiological defects in the brain.
3768h agoInterrupting the perception-action cycle changes how people make perceptual decisions based on recent history, with no-response trials reducing attractive biases and enhancing repulsive biases.
3768h agoNeural dynamics associated with planning show that value estimation signals and state reactivation change across trials, with improved performance linked to stronger value encoding and reduced reactivation of negative-value states.
3768h agoSpeech production relies on a right-lateralized network that integrates auditory and somatosensory feedback to maintain fluency, and individual differences in susceptibility to disrupted feedback are linked to specific patterns of brain activation and fiber tract organization.
3768h agoA neural symbolic regression approach autonomously uncovers network dynamics from data, refining existing models of gene regulation and ecology, and identifying epidemic transmission patterns.
3772h agoThe brain monitors body systems through a large-scale brain system that regulates body functions, including connections between brainstem nuclei.
3776h agoAstrocytes and microglia in the mouse cortex reprogram neurodegeneration-related pathways in a cell- and disease-specific way in response to amyloid pathology or aging.
3776h agoThe dorsal raphe nucleus's opioid system plays a key role in motivation and behavior by acting on a novel population of neurons that are separate from serotonin cells.
3776h agoMemory consolidation in flies allows for memory updating, where a previously learned association between an odor and a food reward is changed to an avoidance response after the fly experiences malaise from eating tainted food.
3776h agoCategory learning induces an expansion of neural space near decision boundaries, allowing for enhanced discrimination between stimuli close to the category boundary.
3784h agoThe grid illusion may be caused by blind spots in the eye.
3784h agoHandwriting features, such as stability, writing speed, and pressure variations, effectively distinguish between neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and healthy controls.
3784h agoA new method decomposes mutual information into contributions from individual stimuli and features, allowing for the identification of what information neurons encode.
3784h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations of a wide set of semantic concepts using well-characterized images, expanding the capacity to model human visual experience.
3784h agoThe study finds that people tend to avoid making eye movements that cross earlier paths in their scan, a phenomenon called self-crossing avoidance, which helps facilitate exploration of visual scenes.
3784h agoLarge Language Models (LLMs) exhibit similar memory effects to humans, including remembering less with too much information, better recall with repetition, and difficulties with overlapping information, but also show key differences in how they process information.
3784h agoThe dataset ScholaWrite captures the complete thought process of scholarly writing, tracing changes from initial drafts to final manuscripts and providing insights into the cognitive demands of writing.
3784h agoDeep learning models outperform classical approaches in forecasting neural activity, producing informative forecasts up to 1.5 seconds into the future.
3784h agoActive particles that forage for resources in a non-cooperative way can self-organize into swarms when resources are absent, with the strength of swarming inversely related to the amount of resource they have.
3784h agoThe recurrence-based divergence quantifier is an effective tool for detecting chaos in conservative systems, and its performance agrees with the fast Lyapunov indicator in identifying chaotic and regular trajectories.
3784h agoA novel integrability condition for the Riccati equation allows for the analytical general solutions containing free parameters to be presented.
3784h agoThe symmetries of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur system collapse into a finite-dimensional module when restricted to multi-soliton solutions, spanned by elementary center-translation generators.
3784h agoPrejudice leads to spiteful behavior in strategic interactions, causing a sudden and sharp increase in spiteful individuals when prejudice reaches a certain threshold.
3784h agoTopological Data Analysis can reveal key harmonic features of sound and distinguish between integer and non-integer harmonics when using specific time delays related to fractions of the fundamental period.
3784h agoNonlinear bound states of the nonlinear Schrödinger equations can arise from scattering resonance states and transmission resonance states of an underlying Schrödinger operator.
3784h agoThe analysis of the Eckhaus instability in the one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equation reveals four distinct regimes: rapid decay of stable perturbations, latent changes, a phase-slip period, and slow relaxation to a final stable state.
3784h agoA rescaled Manning potential is obtained from analyzing scatterings of small excitations with a kink defect in a nonlinear molecular chain model.
3784h agoDispersive shock waves are observed in an intense electron beam, where a localized perturbation evolves into a soliton-like peak followed by an expanding train of oscillations.
3784h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
3784h agoThe global existence and uniqueness of solutions to the energy-critical half-wave maps equation are established for all rational initial data, demonstrating global well-posedness for a dense subset of the energy space.
3784h agoNonlinearly coupled heterogeneous oscillators on topologically equivalent nodes can easily synchronize when forming a fully connected subgraph, regardless of the status of other oscillators.
3784h agoThe special solution of the (3,4) string equation has an asymptotic expansion that is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
3784h agoThe equilibria in a random model network with extensive chaos are strongly correlated, occupy a small region in phase space, and have low-dimensional unstable manifolds.
3784h agoIntroducing non-monotonic transfer functions into the Hopfield associative memory model dramatically enhances retrieval performance.
3784h agoHilbert space fragmentation appears in disordered systems, such as the XXZ model with random on-site fields, leading to non-ergodic dynamics and affecting many-body delocalization.
3784h agoMachine learning-assisted optimization method, specifically Global Annealing Monte Carlo, outperforms classical state-of-the-art techniques in solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization problems, particularly in finding minimum energy configurations in three-dimensional Ising spin glasses.
3784h agoSymmetry can be restored in many-body localized systems without approaching thermal equilibrium, and the quantum Mpemba effect emerges universally for any tilted product state.
3784h agoNonlinearly coupled heterogeneous oscillators on topologically equivalent nodes can easily synchronize when forming a fully connected subgraph, regardless of the status of other oscillators.
3784h agoA strongly disordered nuclear spin ensemble exhibits a phase transition into a sub-diffusive regime, inhibiting thermalization and slowing down transport.
3784h agoA universal phase diagram exists for quantum chains with range-k interactions that conserve total charge and dipole moment, exhibiting freezing transitions between strongly and weakly fragmented phases at a critical charge filling of νc=(k-2)−1.
3784h agoThe Rosenzweig-Porter model's phase diagram and localization properties remain robust when its random matrix is changed from Gaussian to Wishart type, with level compressibility matching the original model.
3784h agoA tunable quantum circuit model shows that the performance and scalability of a quantum reservoir computer can be controlled by adjusting the fraction of non-stabilizing gates, allowing navigation from classically tractable to maximally expressive quantum dynamics.
3784h agoThe P1/pC1x neurons in male fruit flies form a complex network with other neurons to regulate behaviors such as mating and aggression.
3784h agoPostpartum estrogen withdrawal increases anxiety-like behaviors and social changes by raising levels of a specific brain protein called {Delta}FOSB.
3784h agoVariants in the SCN8A gene, particularly in specific exons, cause severe seizures and developmental delays in pediatric epilepsy, and a new therapy using antisense oligonucleotides can normalize neuronal activity, reduce seizures, and improve outcomes in a mouse model.
3784h agoPatients with functional somatic disorders, multiple chemical sensitivity, and post-COVID-19 conditions have reduced inter-hemispheric brain connectivity, which may represent a shared neurobiological signature among these groups.
3784h agoAn all-optical strategy allows precise control and monitoring of brain activity in thousands of neurons, revealing that certain interneurons respond to diverse stimulation patterns, defying conventional brain wiring rules.
3784h agoA canonical Hidden Markov Model provides a common reference for describing brain networks across different studies using magneto/encephalography recordings.
3788h agoExperience modulates the plasticity of spatial representations in the brain differently for layer 2/3 and layer 5 neurons, with layer 2/3 neurons requiring novel environments and layer 5 neurons showing plasticity regardless of environmental familiarity.
3788h agoInterocular differences in optical blur cause differences in processing speed between the eyes, leading to visible illusions in a subset of people, including presbyopes and non-presbyopes.
3788h agoPattern recognition and generation rely on a shared neural mechanism that uses feedback pathways to combine learned knowledge with sensory input.
3788h agoPost-stroke fatigue arises from a combination of socio-demographic, emotional, and cerebral factors, and is associated with lesions in specific brain areas, including the right corona radiata and external capsule.
3788h agoSleep deprivation narrows the brain's ability to reorganize itself, disrupting the normal balance between integrated and segregated brain states, due to changes in thalamic activity and physiological connections with cortical networks.
3788h agoNew learning can stabilize place fields in the hippocampus, rather than causing more drift, if the neural populations involved in the new learning are different from those involved in the original task.
3788h agoPigs show age-related changes in central nervous system tissue and cerebrospinal fluid volumes, with spinal cerebrospinal fluid volume surpassing brain cerebrospinal fluid volume in older pigs.
3788h agoResistance training during the day improves deep sleep and helps the body cool down at night, with greater benefits in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
3792h agoBioelectronic implants for neurostimulation work better when they adjust for the body's natural rhythms, and a new device, the DyNeuMo-2c, can do this by changing its stimulation settings according to the time of day.
3792h agoDNA damage-induced epigenetic changes affect cognitive behavior and alter amyloid-beta plaque morphology and neuroinflammation in a genetically susceptible Alzheimer's disease model.
3792h agoNear-death experiences can be graphically represented through a hybrid approach, and this method reveals consistent visual patterns, including conical forms and elliptic arcs, that are correlated with specific perceptual qualities.
3796h agoStronger connections between certain brain regions predict better or worse working memory performance in people with multiple sclerosis and healthy individuals.
3796h agoThe centromedial dorsal raphe nucleus contains neurons that are vulnerable to pathologically-phosphorylated tau, showing increased excitability that promotes tau accumulation and depressive-like behaviors.
3796h agoA single neural network can model and compute a wide range of solid-state materials, reducing computational costs and potentially accelerating the design of next-generation materials.
3800h agoTraining a transferable neural wavefunction reduces the computational cost by approximately 50-fold for calculating variations of crystalline materials such as graphene and lithium hydride.
3800h agoActivation of PPAR, PPARγ, and PGC-1 reduces photoreceptor death in retinitis pigmentosa, while their inhibition or imbalance in energy metabolism leads to photoreceptor degeneration.
3800h agoBurst suppression in EEG patterns occurs when biological complexity is lost, particularly in simplified excitatory networks, and reflects near-complete loss of complexity in severe cases.
3800h agoJAKMIP1 modulates neuronal IL-6/STAT3 signaling, and its deficiency impairs IL-6-induced neuritogenesis, suggesting a link between this gene and the inflammatory landscape of autism spectrum disorder.
3800h agoSerotonin acts on 5-HT1BR receptors in the dorsomedial striatum to recruit medium spiny neuron activity in response to reward and to inhibit activity during waiting periods, modulating goal-directed behavior.
3800h agoPregnancy increases feeding behavior in mice by activating the mesolimbic dopamine system, which promotes hedonic feeding and sensitivity to food deprivation.
3800h agoMusical experience and active engagement with music predict the effect of auditory motor paired associative stimulation on corticospinal excitability, with non-musicians showing more facilitation than musicians.
3800h agoThe frontal lobe integrates social information in natural settings, combining motor control and social cognition.
3800h agoHeartbeat sound promotes the maturation of human brain cells and their organization by activating a specific mechanism in astrocytes that leads to changes in the brain's structure and function.
3800h agoHumans learn to resolve temporal uncertainty through observation, and this learning process shapes the neural response to observed threats in the brain.
3800h agoA network of frontal brain areas supports abstract formal reasoning in humans, and this network is distinct from those that support fluid intelligence, language, physical reasoning, and social reasoning.
3804h agoA new MRI approach called CSF-iDDxI maps cerebrospinal fluid production in the brain by tracking changes in fluid signal, and shows that acetazolamide suppresses this production.
3804h agoA standard model of neural circuitry in the retina explains many aspects of early visual processing and produces a diversity of neural computations with different parameters.
3808h agoA new framework called Biophysical-Model-Informed Source Separation (BMISS) accurately extracts neural drive information from surface electromyography (sEMG) by integrating anatomically accurate models.
3808h agoBrains and language models may share similar internal representations of the world, with models that improve and get bigger tending to represent the real world in similar ways to brains.
3808h agoThe dynamic threshold curve (DTC) represents the effective likelihood that noise will generate a spike in excitable systems, and its peaks, troughs, and slopes convey information about spike timing in response to noise.
3808h agoSelf-supervised learning benefits from a novel approach called POYO-SSL, which improves performance on neural data by pretraining on predictable neurons and fine-tuning on unpredictable ones.
3808h agoEEG conveys only tens of bits per sample about low-dimensional neural activity, with information saturating at around 64-128 electrodes and limited more by measurement physics than algorithmic complexity.
3808h agoThe Free Energy Principle can be realized through exact local credit assignment, which enables self-organizing systems to minimize variational free energy and persist.
3808h agoDeep learning models outperform classical approaches in forecasting neural activity, producing informative forecasts up to 1.5 seconds into the future.
3808h agoA continuous-time neural model unifies several biologically plausible learning algorithms, allowing networks to stably learn at biological timescales even under temporal mismatches and integration noise.
3808h agoVariables related to intensity and training variability best predict success in learning to categorize sounds, and training changes brain activity in areas related to speech and motor skills.
3808h agoThe brain forms task-specific pathways through specific constraints, including routing costs and randomized expert dropout, that encourage pathway formation, rather than through the actions of heterogeneous regions alone.
3808h agoA single population of spiking neurons can learn to predict what will happen, when it will happen, and with what probability through a biologically plausible three-factor Hebbian rule.
3808h agoGeneral fractional dynamics uses general fractional calculus to study non-local properties of dynamical systems, and researchers propose the concept of "general nonlocal maps" as exact solutions to equations with general fractional integrals and derivatives.
3808h agoThe nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation on a metric star graph has soliton solutions that propagate without reflection, conserving energy and momentum.
3808h agoThe escape dynamics in an open circular billiard under gravity transition from fully chaotic to non-hyperbolic as particle energy increases, marked by the emergence of Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser islands.
3808h agoElectrocardiogram complexity differs between healthy and diseased individuals, and adding complexity measures to machine learning models improves classification accuracy.
3808h agoA collision between a Nielsen-Olesen vortex and antivortex reveals a chaotic pattern with bounce windows in the deep type II regime.
3808h agoThe spectrum of a PT-symmetric periodic Schrodinger operator, which is a small perturbation of the zero potential, has lacunae that are shaped like ellipses with focal points at the branch points of the spectral curve.
3808h agoComputer simulations of lasers and photonic devices have progressed together with their development, demonstrating nonlinear features such as stability and instability, bifurcations, chaos, and solitons, which correspond to laboratory experiments with various applications.
3808h agoThe deformed type $D_{2N}$ map is integrable for $N\geq3$ and its degree growth can be studied via the tropical method.
3808h agoLarge localised waves can appear as transient states in the evolution of inward-propagating waves, contributing to the possible mechanisms for the generation of rogue waves.
3808h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
3808h agoOverparameterization changes the loss landscape of a simple learning problem, shifting the point at which the initialization becomes informative or uninformative about a planted signal, and can allow for information retrieval at a lower signal-to-noise ratio.
3808h agoRare system-wide resonances play a key role in the stability of the many-body localization phase, and three distinct regimes - ergodic, intermediate, and robust localized phases - are identified based on the influence of these resonances.
3808h agoTensor factorizations can be based on sparse measurements of tensor components, which is useful for cases with a substantial amount of missing data, such as in recommendation systems.
3808h agoThe boundary between classically simulable and superior quantum systems can be controlled by adjusting the proportion of certain gates in a quantum circuit, allowing for the creation of powerful and trainable quantum machine learning systems.
3808h agoIncorporating quantum-enhanced operations allows for reliable quantum information transmission through noisy channels, as it triggers a phase transition from recoverable to irrecoverable states.
3808h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, and only delocalizes at zero temperature, with its diffusion behavior following a non-monotonic pattern.
3808h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
3808h agoMotor imagery is correlated with changes in heart rhythmicity and brain connectivity within the motor network, influencing sensorimotor function and learning.
3808h agoActivation of A1 adenosine receptors suppresses hyperexcitation in neuronal networks, offering potential protection against excitotoxic death of neurons in central nervous system pathologies.
3808h agoThe cortex encodes sensory input by transforming feedforward signals into prediction-error-like signals through a balanced interplay of excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
3808h agoCardiac sympathetic activity relates to cerebral blood flow regulation and ventilatory status, particularly in elderly individuals with impaired cerebrovascular control.
3808h agoA new gene editing strategy allows for the reduction of dopamine receptors in three rodent species, enabling the investigation of the dopaminergic system across different species.
3808h agoLipid metabolic disturbances in the substantia nigra pars reticulata disrupt basal ganglia circuit integrity, leading to dopaminergic disinhibition and behavioral changes similar to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
3808h agoParkinson's disease risk genes are specifically expressed at brain barriers and enriched in brain regions associated with the disease.
3808h agoHumans can dissociate neural input to the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles during isometric contractions, but only partly, with the proximal region of vastus medialis showing distinct activation profiles.
3808h agoC. elegans uses lipidated neurohormones to combine information about fat metabolism and neurotransmitters, driving changes in behavior in response to food removal.
3808h agoWorking memory uses a mix of abstract and sensory-like representations, and remains susceptible to interference from new sensory inputs that share features with the information being remembered.
3808h agoColor perceptions change more quickly in some parts of the color spectrum, like near yellow, than others, like near green, and these differences appear early in the brain's processing of color.
3808h agoOASIS, a new platform, enables precise genome editing and subcellular visualization in oligodendrocytes, allowing for specific tagging and labeling of proteins in these cells across the brain.
3812h agoBringing the hand near a visual stimulus enhances visual processing in the early visual cortex by sharpening orientation selectivity when the hand is visible and broadens it when the hand is occluded.
3812h agoAs humans learn a multi-scale environment, they shift from using local cues to global representations, and different brain areas, including the hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex, play distinct roles in encoding spatial information at different stages of learning.
3812h agoCalcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from sensory neurons induces IL-33 production by macrophages, which in turn promotes endometriotic lesion growth and pain.
3812h agoExpression of dysfunctional TDP-43 protein leads to deficits in the proteostasis network, and mice with this dysfunction have a worse response to traumatic brain injury.
3816h agoEstrogen therapy helps maintain brain health in menopausal women by supporting proteins crucial for synaptic function and metabolism, and by reducing decline in mitochondrial energy production.
3816h agoAdolescent intermittent ethanol exposure increases amyloid-beta levels in multiple brain regions of female rats, particularly in the dorsal hippocampus, and this effect lasts into old age.
3816h agoAdvanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging methods detect differences in white matter tracts of the visual system in patients with glaucoma, and these differences correlate with clinical ophthalmological parameters.
3816h agoAstrocyte p75NTR plays a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's Disease by regulating cholesterol metabolism, which helps to reduce Abeta burden and cognitive impairment.
3816h agoHigher concentrations and longer exposure to beta-amyloid cause more toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, which are commonly used to study Alzheimer's disease.
3816h agoSleep and circadian rhythms affect brain connectivity, which differs between brain states and is modulated by sleep history and circadian phase, and changes in brain connectivity predict alertness and working memory accuracy.
3816h agoCRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in sensory neurons reduces pain behaviors in mice by efficiently disrupting target genes, enabling a new approach to study pain mechanisms and validate therapeutic targets.
3816h agoMulti-contact cuff electrodes can selectively activate motor fibers of the pudendal nerve to control urinary incontinence by recruiting specific muscles.
3816h agoGhrelin levels and homeostatic states have little effect on human risky decision-making.
3816h agoImplicit recalibration is directly shaped by explicit aiming strategies, and they interact in a sub-additive way after accounting for spatial and temporal dynamics.
3816h agoFunctional connectivity-based models robustly discriminate between well-defined brain states across different acquisition sites with high classification accuracy.
3820h agoLoss of TDP-43 causes widespread dysregulation of mRNA splicing, mRNA 3′ end cleavage, and polyadenylation, influencing mRNA metabolism and protein expression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
3824h agoTDP-43 loss of function induces novel mRNA polyadenylation events that increase RNA stability and lead to higher protein levels.
3824h agoTDP-43 controls alternative polyadenylation, impacting expression of disease-linked genes.
3824h agoAttention is crucial for short-term musical learning and prediction, but not required for musical prediction based on long-term exposure to music styles.
3824h agoIncreasing calcium concentration shifts neurotransmitter release at amphibian neuromuscular junctions from a Poisson to a tight binomial distribution, and a fast autoinhibitory response limits the maximum level of depolarisation, resulting in a low variance of release.
3824h agoThe brain encodes semantic distances between conceptual knowledge mainly through changes in oscillation frequency in the left language region, particularly the anterior temporal lobe, with higher conceptual similarity between words linked to accelerated brain rhythms.
3824h agoInhibitory interneurons in the primary visual thalamus use both local and global dendritic activation to perform spatially-organized motion processing that is feature-selective and size-dependent.
3824h agoOcular activity tracks acoustic speech features, not speech intelligibility, and this tracking may be a hard-wired mechanism that does not require visual experience to develop.
3824h agoMental manipulation involves inhibiting the sensory cortex and engaging memory and control networks in a coordinated way.
3824h agoShort association fibers emerge before sulcal folding in the fetal brain, initially forming flat pathways that later reorganize into U-shaped bundles as they mature in a sensorimotor-to-association gradient.
3824h agoLV-volume oscillations drive undulating cerebrospinal fluid flow in the brain, which is crucial for brain clearance, and are generated by cortical blood-volume changes caused by neuronal activity, heartbeat, and respiration.
3824h agoThe mossy fiber synapse uses its unique structural and functional properties, including multiple active zones and loose coupling of calcium channels, to filter out non-informative dentate activity and reliably generate spikes in postsynaptic CA3 neurons.
3824h agoImpairing astrocyte calcium signaling in the nucleus accumbens core increases reward motivation and valuation, leading to enhanced self-administration of sucrose and cocaine.
3824h agoLIS1 depletion from projection neurons causes motor deficits and rapid lethality with progressive axonal degeneration, while LIS1 depletion from astrocytes is not lethal.
3824h agoGrid cell activity can be decoded to provide spatial information using a novel framework that combines topology and path-lifting to reconstruct trajectories in physical space.
3832h agoThe study presents a model that explains how the brain switches between two competing visual images, showing that the transition between awareness and suppression follows a hysteretic pattern.
3832h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
3832h agoSpurious overlaps in Hopfield-type associative memory models reduce the mean synaptic inputs to neurons, which increases storage capacity through sparse network activity.
3832h agoTransformer models can learn Granger causality in complex networks, capturing causal relationships among neurons with accuracy equal to or better than traditional methods.
3832h agoA WaveNet-based deep learning model accurately classifies EEG signals into physiological, pathological, artifact, and noise categories with high precision, outperforming previous approaches.
3832h agoA small number of correlations between brain regions explain most of the variance in neural activity, allowing for a highly compressible prediction of large-scale brain activity.
3832h agoThe brain's structural network is organized into modules of mixed cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions, with highly connected hub areas in the subcortex centralizing communication pathways.
3832h agoNormative modelling estimates population-level benchmarks in brain structure to quantify individual deviations from expected distributions.
3832h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training data.
3832h agoThe study finds that multi-soliton dynamics in electromagnetically induced transparency systems exhibit nonlinear phenomena such as temporal asymmetry, energy trapping, and soliton interactions, which have implications for quantum memory, slow light, and photonic data transport.
3832h agoChaotic models can be made to have unlimited predictability horizon, producing error-free time series, by using analytic computations.
3832h agoThe magnetic field lines in a stellarator behave differently depending on the toroidal flux, with field lines in certain regions striking the wall after a varying number of transits or escaping quickly.
3832h agoA quasi-integrable deformation of the three-particle open Toda chain retains energy and momentum conservation and admits a quasi-conserved higher-order integral under certain symmetries.
3832h agoA state-selection principle is at work in a far-from-equilibrium system, where the system spontaneously selects a long-range ordered array that maximizes its collective light absorption.
3832h agoThe study of predictability of complex systems aims to determine the limits of prediction accuracy and has evolved over the past few decades to integrate data-driven and mechanistic perspectives.
3832h agoTwo pinning control approaches, additive and parametric, are equivalent for controlling synchronization in weakly coupled nonlinear systems with periodic oscillations.
3832h agoSocial interaction amplifies the accuracy of group decisions, with both majority and plurality rules exceeding the accuracy of any single voter under certain conditions.
3832h agoCognitive strategies can reduce a species' abundance due to cyclic dominance, but an optimal decision threshold of attacking when target individuals exceed 15% locally helps balance risk and long-term persistence.
3832h agoParticles with certain mass ratios evolve in a hydrodynamic way, with the rightmost particle moving as $t^{\delta}$, recoiled particles entering the negative half-axis, and the splatter eventually taking over the whole energy of the system.
3832h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
3832h agoHigher-order transverse discontinuity mapping overcomes pitfalls of locally linearizing hybrid nonlinear dynamical systems, allowing for better estimation of impact occurrence times and state transitions.
3832h agoA new methodology uses entropy and clustering to identify systems likely to experience chaotic itinerancy and finds quasi-stable states and chaotic transition states in these systems.
3832h agoA new framework called Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging (SIOI) helps improve image inpainting by extracting and encoding object-level representations, leading to better results and robustness in challenging conditions.
3832h agoThe complexified Kuramoto model exhibits finite-time blow-up behavior and various types of synchronization, including full phase locking, under certain conditions of coupling strength and number of oscillators.
3832h agoSocial media's impact on society is unclear because observational studies and randomized controlled trials produce conflicting results, but a combination of both approaches can provide a clearer understanding of its effects.
3832h agoDark photons can be efficiently produced in the early universe through their coupling to an oscillating axion field when the axion potential is shallower than quadratic at large field values.
3832h agoSpin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling undergo phase transitions in their ground state when exposed to gradient magnetic fields, transforming excited states into ground states under certain conditions.
3832h agoThe Mean Information Gain (MIG) metric quantifies emergence in complex systems by measuring the lack of information about other elements, and it differentiates behavioral classes in agent-based models.
3832h agoThe brain's neural network, modeled as a dynamical system, inherently operates out of equilibrium, producing entropy that changes over time due to its stochastic processes.
3832h agoA Lagrangian dynamical model captures human mobility dynamics using local population functions, showing inertia and dissipation are equally important in movement.
3832h agoTemporal noise that is constant within a Floquet period leads to decoherence-free momentum subspaces in the bulk of periodically driven, discrete-step quantum walks, but destroys coherence when fully random or at topological edge states.
3832h agoSpiked cross-covariance models show a phase transition in signal recovery, where the leading singular values of the sample cross-covariance matrix suddenly emerge, revealing limits on the performance of Partial Least Squares (PLS) compared to the Bayes-optimal estimator.
3832h agoThe spectral properties of sparse asymmetric correlation matrices evolve as the asymmetry parameter changes from nearly symmetric to nearly antisymmetric.
3832h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field, and has a lower critical dimension at zero magnetic field consistent with previous estimates.
3832h agoA family of neural networks with built-in symmetry outperforms existing methods for solving quantum spin liquid problems and allows exploration of complex Hamiltonians.
3832h agoAbstraction in neural networks depends on both the depth of the network and the breadth of the training data.
3832h agoCombining photons, phase-shifters, and an interferometer creates a system described by a Hopfield-like Hamiltonian, which models associative memory and shows a transition from memory retrieval to memory black-out as stored memory increases.
3832h agoThe new type of one-dimensional Kitaev chain with staggered p-wave superconducting pairing exhibits three physical regimes, including a topologically nontrivial phase with two Majorana zero modes and a regime with four unprotected nonzero-energy edge modes.
3832h agoThe mixed state projected ensemble (MSPE) reveals a new kind of universality in quantum equilibration called deep thermalization, where mixed states in a local region tend towards limiting distributions depending on the system's symmetries and measurements in the complementary region.
3832h agoWavefront shaping enhances optical sensitivity in diffuse optical imaging by creating interference patterns that boost light-matter interactions, allowing for deeper tissue penetration.
3832h agoSensory noise during visual processing limits working memory capacity, and higher levels of sensory noise predict lower working memory capacity in both healthy adults and those with schizophrenia.
3832h agoDance Movement Therapy improves the quality of life, satisfaction with life, and personal well-being of healthy adults aged over 65, especially in terms of overall quality of life and social relationships.
3832h agoA novel computational framework creates accurate models of retinal ganglion cell mosaics, enabling the computation of how visual performance is shaped by the representation of visual information provided by these cells.
3832h agoThe outer retina uses a combination of photoreceptors, horizontal cells, and bipolar cells to enable contrast-invariant coding of visual information, with photoreceptors and bipolar cells sufficient for this task.
3832h agoDystrophin has distinct spatial expression patterns in different brain regions and cell types, and a gene therapy approach using U7ex51 can effectively restore full-length dystrophin isoforms in the brain.
3832h agoAlzheimer's disease starts with changes in astrocyte function, specifically in the parts of astrocytes near synapses, affecting protein production and leading to inflammation and stress.
3832h agoNeural entrainment to speech is stronger for sharper phonemes, and generic oscillatory dynamics in cortical populations can generate this effect.
3832h agoA biologically inspired deep neural network model called the Visual Cortex Amygdala (VCA) model accurately predicts human emotion ratings and aligns with human amygdala activity in response to complex visual scenes.
3832h agoDisruptions in brain criticality, excitation-inhibition balance, and complexity of brain dynamics are associated with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and these changes can be used to accurately classify MDD patients.
3836h agoAstrocytes in the ventral striatum help regulate decision-making by influencing the balance of brain signals and sharing error information across brain cells.
3836h agoThe Hebbian learning rule enables brain networks to select connections with delays that match the period of their oscillations, optimizing signal transmission.
3836h agoThe brain represents the direction of observed actions across multiple regions, from early sensory areas to higher-order parietal and frontal cortices, even when accounting for basic features of the actions.
3836h agoObjects from the same scene context are coded more similarly in the brain than objects from different contexts, even when they are viewed in isolation.
3836h agoParenthood changes the male brain to improve processing of infant sounds, with increased prolactin signaling playing a key role in this change.
3836h agoLesions in frontal and motor cortical regions predict spontaneous seizure occurrence in focal cortical dysplasia type II, and this condition causes considerable expansion and reduced neuronal density in the affected brain tissue.
3836h agoSchizophrenia alters delta oscillations because of changed expression of calcium channel genes in pyramidal neurons.
3836h agoAbnormal activity in the left hemisphere of the brain, particularly in the frontoparietal and default mode networks, is associated with neglect severity and spatial attentional bias in patients with chronic left spatial neglect.
3836h agoImagining actions involves separate skills that are hard to measure, and having a strong ability in one area does not necessarily mean having a strong ability in the others.
3836h agoThe hippocampus has distinct clusters with different connections to other parts of the brain, which provides new insights into how it interacts with the rest of the brain.
3840h agoA layered control architecture in the lateral accessory lobes arbitrates between goal pursuit and stimulus-driven overrides, using a dorsal pathway to amplify movement towards a goal and a faster ventral pathway to redirect movement in response to threats.
3840h agoA machine learning approach using multi-modal MRI identifies presymptomatic carriers of genetic frontotemporal dementia at high risk of disease onset within the next two years.
3840h agoReduced myelin gene expression in the prefrontal cortex alters initial sensitivity to alcohol and decreases alcohol consumption.
3840h agoSerotonergic psychedelics, such as LSD and psilocybin, cause changes in brain activity by reducing leak membrane potassium conductance, leading to increased firing rates and altered spectral power.
3840h agoNeurons form more elaborate networks on striped surfaces made of a specific polymer, and they tend to grow and stay within this polymer region, avoiding another type of polymer.
3840h agoHuman cortical function shows robust relationships between intersubject synchronization and sensory-transmodal gradients, especially in visual, attention, and default mode networks, during naturalistic movie watching.
3840h agoComplex pre-movement interactions across brain areas coordinate distributed networks to produce precise and consistent actions by coupling and decoupling neural populations.
3840h agoCorticosterone drives a microglia-neuron interaction in females during ketamine anesthesia recovery, leading to neuronal changes through upregulation of Fkbp5/FKBP51.
3840h agoEmbryonic exposure to chlorpyrifos pesticide induces lasting social deficits in zebrafish by suppressing neuronal genes and disrupting the gut microbiome, and butyrate, a gut microbiome metabolite, can rescue these deficits by inhibiting histone deacetylase 1.
3840h agoDecreasing brain entropy within the action-mode network serves as a key developmental marker in children, signifying a shift from externally driven processing to more internalized thought processes.
3840h agoContactin-associated protein (CASPR) acts as a signal for the removal of damaged axon debris in peripheral nerve injury by promoting its uptake by Schwann cells and macrophages.
3840h agoPractice-based motor skill learning can be understood as a form of policy-gradient reinforcement learning, which captures key properties of human skill learning across a range of tasks.
3844h agoThe CGRP receptor plays a role in Alzheimer's disease by regulating neuroinflammation through a specific axis involving CALCRL, HDAC11, LXRβ, and ABCA1.
3844h agoThe Multiarrangement toolkit collects human similarity judgments for video stimuli by having participants arrange subsets of stimuli in a 2D arena to reflect perceived dissimilarity.
3844h agoLeptin-sensitive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus encode anxiogenic stimuli and help animals overcome anxiety in threatening situations.
3848h agoOxytocin enhances heart rate variability linked to breathing during recovery from stress through a hypothalamus–brainstem pathway for parasympathetic control of the heart.
3848h agoDNMT1 regulates dendritic and axonal branching in developing cortical excitatory neurons by operating as a cytosolic scaffold that interacts with DOCK7 to modulate signaling, microtubule dynamics, and organelle trafficking.
3852h agoThe State of Brain Emulation Report 2025 provides an overview of recent achievements in brain emulation, identifying key opportunities and challenges in the field.
3856h agoThe Generative Episodic-Semantic Integration System (GENESIS) model explains how semantic and episodic memory interact to support learning, recall, and imagination through the interplay of two limited-capacity generative systems.
3856h agoSpikeFit, a novel training method for Spiking Neural Networks, enables efficient inference on neuromorphic hardware by co-optimizing model weights and allowed discrete weight values, resulting in higher network compression efficiency and lower energy use.
3856h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
3856h agoFunctional differentiation in the brain emerges as distinct regions specialize, and a novel approach using recurrent neural networks shows that minimizing mutual information between neural subgroups yields high task performance alongside clear functional modularity.
3856h agoNeural oscillations in different brain regions show coordinated activity during a memory task, and a new statistical method can identify the dominant patterns of interaction between these regions.
3856h agoMachine learning methods, such as deep learning and data-driven equation discovery, are being integrated with nonlinear wave studies to enable mathematical discoveries and computational capabilities.
3856h agoAgents produce goods in a synchronized way when they cooperate in producing one type of good, and the production of another good helps stabilize this synchronized dynamics.
3856h agoCoupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with nonlinear functions exhibit synchronization that depends on the study of a non-autonomous linear system, requiring novel tools to analyze synchronization on both undirected and directed networks.
3856h agoStatistical physics provides a framework for analyzing complex dynamics on socio-technological systems, where individuals and machines compete for attention, leading to misinformation cascades, echo-chamber reinforcement, and opinion polarization.
3856h agoThree versions of a global piecewise Carleman embedding technique are proposed to linearize nonlinear differential equations, allowing for convergence in regions with multiple fixed points.
3856h agoTurbulent motions near walls are self-sustaining at all scales, with inner and outer motions being independent of each other and influencing each other through top-down and bottom-up interactions, with pressure playing a key bridging role.
3856h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
3856h agoA Hawking time crystal forms through the self-amplification of spontaneous Hawking radiation, characterized by a periodic correlation function and the emission of pairs of dispersive waves and solitons.
3856h agoFunctional differentiation in the brain emerges as distinct regions specialize, and a novel approach using recurrent neural networks shows that minimizing mutual information between neural subgroups yields high task performance alongside clear functional modularity.
3856h agoThe long-time dynamics of a single lattice site observable can determine if a many-body quantum system exhibits quantum chaos.
3856h agoVariational methods with neural network quantum states accurately represent complex wavefunctions and estimate critical exponents by adiabatically continuing eigenstates into the strongly correlated regime.
3856h agoLead-free ceramics with varying levels of Li and Ta substitution exhibit a phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal as Ta concentration increases, affecting their microstructure, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties.
3856h agoA neural network model detects phase transitions and classifies hidden patterns in a 1D replication process by extracting hierarchical structures from raw data.
3856h agoFriction controls the compaction dynamics of granular materials subjected to cyclic shear by both stabilizing and fluidizing them, with a friction-dependent crossover strain separating aging and fluidized regimes.
3856h agoThe universal behaviors of critical phenomena in quantum Hall transitions are not consistent across experiments, theoretical models, and numerical methods. (or rephrased to) The thickness of quasi-2D Weyl semimetal systems affects the universality of quantum Hall transitions, causing a deviation from 2D behavior and a crossover to 3D behavior. I changed it to put the key idea at the front, and used simple words and active voice. Let me know if you want any further changes!
3856h agoThe Rosenzweig-Porter model's phase diagram and localization properties remain robust when its random matrix is changed from Gaussian to Wishart type.
3856h agoA quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with a fast algorithm that reaches close to the ground state quickly.
3856h agoThe amplitudes of associative memories in distributed systems follow evolution equations that describe how memories are recalled in space and time.
3856h agoThe effective central charge and boundary entropy decrease under renormalization group flow for measurement-dominated criticality in two-dimensional classical and one-dimensional quantum systems.
3856h agoGrid cells in the brain contain a periodic spatial code that can be decoded using topology to extract information about an animal's location and reconstruct its path in physical space.
3856h agoBiological systems, such as the brain's early sensory systems, use collective computations among many individual actors to efficiently perform complex tasks, like predicting future sensory information.
3856h agoA novel restraint system allows for high-quality brain imaging in awake rats without anesthesia, reducing stress and improving animal comfort.
3856h agoThe mouse visual system uses a hierarchical organization of brain circuits to process visual information, with different areas and cell types playing specific roles in detecting image changes.
3856h agoFIB-SEM reconstructions typically show more synapses than microtome sliced reconstructions, with an increase of over 40% in the number of human-visible synapses.
3872h agoMicroglia quickly clear dying rod photoreceptors and reduce oxidative stress in the retina, and their absence leads to increased oxidative stress and cell death in other retinal cells.
3872h agoThe transcriptome of a brain cell encodes its identity and responses to environmental stimuli, with cell types largely staying stable despite changes in activity states, and activity and circadian rhythm driving distinct transcriptional responses.
3872h agoMouse Off Transient alpha cells respond best to simple, uniform inputs and are suppressed by complex spatial patterns due to specific circuit mechanisms involving localized inhibition and short-term plasticity.
3872h agoThe insula helps people understand emotions across individuals by disentangling codes for emotion and person, allowing for cross-person generalization of emotion.
3872h agoMotor representations and population dynamics vary across frontal motor cortices, with task information heterogeneously distributed across the cortical surface and in depth, and neural populations with similar dynamics composed of neurons with high task information.
3872h agoA 3D assembloid model called Masteroid recapitulates Alzheimer's disease progression, exhibiting hallmark pathologies such as amyloid-beta deposits, tau aggregation, and neurodegeneration, and reveals novel roles of IGFBP pathways in disease mechanisms.
3872h agoPreserved GABAergic function supports cognitive resilience in aging degus, with those having good burrowing performance showing robust hippocampal activity and those with poor performance exhibiting reduced activity.
3872h agoMotor memory replay occurs during both slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, and involves the modulation of neural activity in the primary motor cortex and hippocampus.
3872h agoA specific population of neurons in the central amygdala helps control suckling behavior in newborn mice by connecting with brain areas that manage oral movements and reward.
3876h agoGC maturation depends on the repressive function of the Sin3A/Hdac1 complex, which silences Sox2 and Atoh1 to ensure orderly progression through developmental stages.
3900h agoAstrocyte development follows a two-phase program, with the first phase involving convergent differentiation mediated by the CEH-43 transcription factor, and the second phase, astrocyte maturation, also controlled by CEH-43.
3900h agoIntermittent hypoxia disrupts cerebellar angiogenesis, causing changes in vascular networks and gene expression, which can contribute to long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in preterm infants.
3900h agoDLK signaling activation after spinal cord injury promotes neuronal death and worsens recovery in male mice, but not females, highlighting a need for sex-specific understanding of molecular mechanisms.
3900h agoElevated cortical iron levels are found in specific areas of the brain in individuals with schizophrenia, particularly in the left temporo-parieto-occipital junction.
3900h agoDisengagement from listening due to external and internal distractions decreases neural speech tracking, and this decrease occurs when speech is masked by background noise.
3900h agoStress-related biochemical systems contribute to the incubation of drug-seeking behavior, with adaptations in noradrenergic systems representing a common substrate across different substances.
3900h agoA new framework for homeostatic reinforcement learning shows that trial-by-trial adjustments and extinction learning enable anticipatory regulation of physiological variables, and reveals how uneven regulatory priorities can lead to system-wide failure to return to a normal state.
3900h agoPopulation activity in a specific area of the brain, called the superior precentral sulcus, encodes and retains information about memorized items, and this activity predicts errors in memory.
3900h agoActions are organized like sentences because they share the same brain resources, specifically in the basal ganglia, which enables the use of tools and language in a similar hierarchical structure.
3900h agoIndividuals born very preterm have reduced surface area and cortical folding in certain brain regions, which persists across development and is linked to poorer motor outcomes.
3900h agoGaze dynamics cause errors in self-motion perception, with heading estimates shifting towards the direction of eye motion and growing with horizontal gaze eccentricity and speed.
3900h agoEarly neuronal activity inhibits oligodendrocyte differentiation, and reduced neuronal activity increases differentiation by relieving this inhibition.
3900h agoDifferent parts of the brain respond to rewards and penalties, with some areas reacting more to potential rewards and others to potential penalties, influencing how people make decisions and take action.
3900h agoThe brain uses different processes to translate a spatial map into action, involving the retrosplenial complex and temporo-parietal junction, and is affected by perspective shift, rotation angle, and their congruency.
3900h agoMicroglia regulate memory accessibility in infancy and their dysfunction contributes to the lack of infantile amnesia, with their activity during a specific postnatal window modulating infant memory persistence.
3900h agoThe brain uses its knowledge of motion to form anticipatory representations of moving objects, leading to reduced neural activity strength and systematic shifts in the neural representation of orientation.
3904h agoLower layer 5b extratelencephalic neurons (L-ETN) in the motor cortex encode activity in both movement-null and movement-potent subspaces, and do not preferentially contribute to movement-potent subspace.
3904h agoEmotions are organized into categories in the brain, with 15 different emotional states, including positive, negative, and neutral ones, represented in a similar way in both subjective experience and brain activity.
3904h agoPolyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for normal sensitivity to painful heat.
3904h agoIndividual differences in melanopsin-dependent light sensitivity relate to chronotype in adults in a sex and age-specific way, but not in children.
3908h agoExperience-driven shifts in paw preference in mice arise from asymmetric cholinergic modulation between the two hemispheres, enabling motor flexibility.
3908h agoA gene therapy strategy combining a virus with an artificial microRNA can suppress a faulty gene, delay disease onset, and improve survival in mice with a genetic form of ALS.
3908h agoCalcium imaging data can be accurately analyzed using models that account for its unique characteristics, leading to improved inference of neural population activity.
3908h agoObject recognition relies on feedforward processing in the ventral visual stream, but when this is insufficient, additional brain networks are rapidly recruited to help solve the task.
3908h agoNeuronal assemblies defined by coordinated firing at high temporal resolution exhibit regular temporal dynamics and are sufficient for accurately representing complex auditory stimuli.
3908h agoDifferent cognitive states reorganize large-scale functional networks based on their geometric and hierarchical organization in the brain.
3908h agoExcitatory microstructural changes, specifically reduced spine density and weakened neck compartmentalization, can elevate neuronal excitability and contribute to the development of epilepsy.
3908h agoIntracortical microstructure profiling provides a robust approach for investigating the laminar organisation of the human cortex, effectively capturing laminar differentiation and mitigating bias-field related limitations of non-quantitative MRI.
3908h agoHyperthyroidism is associated with increased structural brain connectivity, disrupted network organization, and altered neurotransmitter systems, which may underlie perceptuomotor dysfunction.
3908h agoMild traumatic brain injury leads to depression-like behavior in female adolescent rats, but not males, and changes in certain brain chemicals may contribute to this behavior.
3908h agoThe descending neurons responsible for processing optic flow are sexually dimorphic in hoverflies, with different neural responses to visual stimuli in males and females.
3908h agoGrey matter volumes in the insula and supramarginal gyrus are associated with cognitive empathy abilities in older adults, with insula volumes linked to behavioural empathy tasks and supramarginal gyrus volumes linked to informant-reported empathy measures.
3908h agoAdolescents with Specific Learning Disorders have deficits in auditory processing, decision-making, and metacognitive self-monitoring, which affect their learning.
3908h agoChanges in ion currents during development allow primary motoneurons to alter their firing properties and participation in locomotor activity as motor control matures in developing zebrafish.
3908h agoEarly life adversity can improve certain cognitive skills, such as implicit learning, and individuals with more childhood adversity learn quicker, but current socio-economic status affects overall performance.
3908h agoAn increase in corticospinal neuron number supports more dexterous movement, with mice having more of these neurons showing greater grasping flexibility and climbing ability.
3912h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex helps resolve the cocktail party problem by encoding and separating meaningful voices from background noise during social interactions.
3916h agoA new human cell-based platform allows real-time monitoring of nerve repair and muscle function, and finds that a compound called blebbistatin can enhance nerve-muscle connection reinnervation after injury.
3916h agoPathogenic variants in SCN1A involving the same codon can produce different functional effects, including gain and loss of function properties, which affects the severity of epilepsy syndromes.
3924h agoThe brain uses regionally specific communication mechanisms that depend on complex neural oscillations to facilitate information flow between its multiple functional units.
3924h agoSleep helps consolidate motor memories by increasing beta Event Related Synchronization (ERS) over bilateral parietal areas.
3924h agoIntegrating molecular-enriched functional connectivity into brain-age prediction models improves accuracy and provides more biological insight, explaining up to 64% of age variance.
3924h agoWorking memory deploys two distinct top-down signals that operate over different timescales to shape perceptual experience, one causing a fast, brief attentional capture and the other a slower, sustained perceptual bias.
3924h agoThe study finds that long-term potentiation involves changes in synaptic structure that require activation of specific receptors, and that neighbouring inactive synapses can also undergo structural changes based on the activity of nearby active synapses.
3924h agoA compact index, DS-Qi, effectively distinguishes between pediatric epileptic encephalopathies and normal EEG readings with a high accuracy of 0.90.
3928h agoNeurocognitive-Inspired Intelligence (NII) combines insights from neuroscience, cognitive science, computer vision, and AI to develop intelligent systems that can learn quickly, adapt to changing conditions, and generalize like human cognition.
3928h agoCombining deep learning and traditional machine learning methods improves the accuracy of MRI-based diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.
3928h agoMultimodal Large Language Models need to incorporate internal and external embodiment to better interact with the world and advance from current limitations.
3928h agoMicrowell microfluidics design gets automated with a new framework driven by a large language model, enabling rapid creation of diverse microwells and accurate analysis of their occupancy and shape.
3928h agoMeasurement processes of quantum systems can be reformulated as probabilistic equations expressed in terms of probabilistic state vectors that can be approximated by the neural network dynamics of the Tensor Brain model.
3928h agoInformation geometry methods can extract genuine higher-order dependencies from continuous neural recordings when paired with appropriate binarization schemes.
3928h agoThe 4E views of cognition reject the traditional sandwich model of cognition and suggest that sensorimotor contingencies offer a theoretical alternative.
3928h agoA single population of spiking neurons can jointly encode a prediction object, which includes what will happen, when it will happen, and with what probability, through a biologically grounded learning mechanism.
3928h agoInteractions between parallel brain subnetworks enable learning of semantic representations of stimuli through cross-supervision, allowing for accurate decoding comparable to supervised networks.
3928h agoThe relationship between brain activation and task performance changes from U-shaped to inverted U-shaped as brain areas shift from sensorimotor to association areas.
3928h agoThe brain operates in a nonequilibrium state, with evidence of time-irreversibility and broken detailed balance, which is linked to cognitive complexity and consciousness.
3928h agoQuantum cognition research reveals parallels between human thought patterns and quantum mechanics, and shows that human decision-making exhibits interference patterns similar to those in single, double, and triple-slit experiments, but with distinct differences in how concepts manifest in different contexts.
3928h agoTwo single-channel EEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, reflect physiological and emotional responses to stress, with ST4 tracking arousal and cognitive strain and T2 tracking emotional and autonomic regulation.
3928h agoThe neural population activity preserves the essential mathematical structures of the tasks it supports, with grid cells constrained to a toroidal topology by independent tasks, resulting in hexagonal firing fields.
3928h agoMAPS, a new computational tool, identifies which explanations of artificial neural networks best match human vision by comparing human and model accuracies on minimal images.
3928h agoBilinear forms and Casoratian solutions are derived for fourth-order lattice Gel'fand-Dikii type equations, allowing for the extension of these equations with a parameter.
3928h agoThe asymmetric integrable turbulence in the DNLS equation exhibits oscillatory convergence towards steady-state energy values, with oscillations decaying over time and a wave-action spectrum following a power-law distribution.
3928h agoThe Kuramoto model can be exactly derived from limit-cycle oscillators with artificially designed optimal interaction functions, allowing for accurate prediction of collective synchronization dynamics.
3928h agoA fundamental bound on the thermodynamic cost of stochastic oscillators in the weak-noise regime is derived from Gaussian phase fluctuations and the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.
3928h agoNon-reciprocal interactions in free-standing slender structures lead to large-scale unidirectional dynamics through persistent cycles of shape change, enabling functionalities like crawling, digging, and walking.
3928h agoLazy cellular automata have a simple dynamical behavior that depends on a unique active transition and a fixed symbol, and their order is bounded by a general formula that is attained when the active transition is a quasi-constant pattern.
3928h agoTwo approaches compute upper bounds on Lyapunov exponents, their sums, and Lyapunov dimension for dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations.
3928h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
3928h agoBreathers in a physical system called breather gas combine into a single-breather or multi-breather solution through a phenomenon called breather shielding.
3928h agoUsing multiple reservoirs in parallel with reduced input data leads to better predictions of time series generated by spatio-temporal chaotic systems and reduces computational costs.
3928h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have universal statistical properties, including a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution function.
3928h agoA random configuration of soliton solutions to the cubic focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger equation behaves like a soliton gas solution as the number of solitons increases.
3928h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes uses a parallelized message-passing framework to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
3928h agoFault-tolerant error correction in topological codes works by simulating confining interactions between excitations using a network of local classical processors.
3928h agoThe interplay between topology and nonequilibrium dynamics in open quantum systems leads to a residual topological character in the quasi-steady state, which exhibits a finite DC current when inversion symmetry is broken.
3928h agoThe Ising spin glass in five spatial dimensions shows a phase transition with and without an externally applied magnetic field.
3928h agoScientists study how disorder in a sub-space affects a conformal field theory, and find that it leads to logarithmic behavior in certain defect operators.
3928h agoEnergy-space localization in q-local Hamiltonians survives under generic time-dependent perturbations, allowing the evolving state to remain exponentially localized in an energy window of the instantaneous spectrum.
3928h agoThe Tracy-Widom distribution takes a large deviation form with a rate function that solves a Painlev\'{e} II equation, describing rare events of large fluctuations in the largest eigenvalue of a Gaussian ensemble of large random matrices.
3928h agoModerate disorder enhances conductance in flat-band systems like twisted bilayer graphene, but stronger disorder restores localization.
3928h agoUnsupervised learning algorithms accurately group ground-state configurations of many-body systems into phases based on their similarity, reproducing known phase diagrams of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chains.
3928h agoA minimal interface-scattering mechanism produces a sizable anisotropic magnetoresistance in metal/ferromagnet bilayers by creating a spin-selective phase condition that suppresses backscattering for one spin projection while enhancing momentum relaxation for the other.
3928h agoThe Liouvillian spectrum provides a unified framework for understanding relaxation and irreversibility in closed many-body quantum systems, with the long-time exponential decay of the out-of-time-order correlator occurring at a rate equal to twice the intrinsic Liouvillian gap.
3928h agoExcitons in two-dimensional materials have a tunable resonant mixing of states, which can be controlled by subband splitting and enables optical detection of spin coupling.
3928h agoThe brain operates in a nonequilibrium state, with evidence of time-irreversibility and broken detailed balance, which is linked to cognitive complexity and consciousness.
3928h agoVortex singularities in wave patterns are topologically stable and have universal statistical properties, including a -3 power law tail in their probability distribution function.
3928h agoA framework for characterizing higher-order topological phases uses the one-particle density matrix to directly identify bulk and boundary topology without needing an underlying Hamiltonian.
3928h agoThe two-star random graph model has a set of auxiliary variables that control its thermodynamic limit as the number of vertices tends to infinity.
3928h agoAPOE4 expression leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets in oligodendrocytes, causing decreased myelination, by decreasing Wnt signaling and increasing GSK3b activity.
3932h agoChanges in neurotransmitter usage drive evolutionary adaptations in neural circuits, and monoamine functions differ in controlling host-finding and dispersal behavior in the predatory nematode Pristionchus pacificus.
3932h agoAutistic traits in people without autism affect how their brains process social information, with areas in the temporal cortex, particularly the superior temporal gyrus, playing a key role in modulating responses to social features.
3932h agoChanges in presynaptic release probability at synapses determine the need for sleep, and this probability decreases with sleep loss and recovers after sleep.
3932h agoAmyloid-beta 42 oligomers trigger a signalling cascade that upregulates TREK1, which serves as a critical brake on neuronal hyperexcitability and helps restore synaptic balance in Alzheimer's Disease.
3932h agoPredictive expectations sharpen neural representations of visual stimuli only when the stimuli are attended and the associated auditory inputs are expected, and the effect is stronger when people have explicit knowledge of the associations.
3936h agoThe Spiking Tolman-Eichenbaum Machine model learns grid-like codes and place codes through spike-based computation and biologically realistic dynamics, reproducing key spatial and temporal coding phenomena in the hippocampal-entorhinal circuit.
3936h agoFluorescence intensity in immunohistochemistry staining can decrease over time, and this decrease is influenced by the selection of primary and secondary antibodies and staining methods.
3936h agoSustained alpha-band activity reflects attentional prioritization of information in working memory, rather than general memory maintenance, and unattended items transition into an activity-silent state.
3936h agoSocial interactions between mice involve coordinated activity across different brain regions, with dominant mice showing synchrony between non-homologous brain areas, and this coordination is disrupted in a model of autism.
3936h agoA specific pathway from the parabrachial complex to the extended amygdala helps the body rapidly respond to falling blood pressure, and is later followed by slower endocrine support.
3936h agoHomologous actions performed with one hand interfere with similar actions performed with the opposite hand at short intervals, but facilitate them at longer intervals.
3936h agoThe flexible deployment of cognitive control depends on rapid detection and resolution of control-prediction errors, which is associated with phase-amplitude coupling in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex.
3936h agoIncreased use of a brain area for attention-demanding tasks results in a unique pattern of whole-brain connections, whereas less used areas have more similar connections across individuals.
3936h agoMutations in the PHOX2B gene lead to changes in the transcriptional profile of neuroepithelial stem cells, affecting neuronal development and synapse organization.
3936h agoMutations in the ELOVL4 gene cause progressive cerebellar atrophy and ataxia in spinocerebellar ataxia type 34 (SCA34) by inducing microglial activation, synaptic disturbance, and degeneration of cerebellar neurons.
3936h agoThe human brain proteome is organized into distinct territories that reflect metabolic demands and functional specialization patterns, not just anatomical boundaries.
3940h agoThe cardiac cycle modulates spinal excitability, with spinal excitability peaking during late diastole and being influenced by preceding cardiac intervals.
3940h agoDeep brain stimulation inhibits local neural activity by differentially suppressing glutamate and GABA release.
3944h agoPreserved connections between the pulvinar and both the posterior superior temporal sulcus and the amygdala are necessary for affective blindsight, a condition where people can discriminate emotional stimuli without conscious awareness despite damage to the primary visual cortex.
3944h agoThe brain uses attention to distinguish between changes in object color and changes in lighting, and this process happens slowly and one item at a time.
3944h agoThe study provides resting-state functional connectivity data for 784 participants with various neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, to help detect and characterise dementia.
3944h agoThe Large Perturbation Model predicts gene expression responses to chemical and genetic changes using a deep learning framework.
3948h agoECloudGen uses latent diffusion to generate electron clouds from protein pockets and decode them into molecules, expanding the chemical space accessible to generative drug design.
3948h agoA large perturbation model integrates diverse laboratory experiments to predict biological responses to chemical or genetic changes and support biological discovery tasks.
3948h agoElevating REST in cerebellar granule cell progenitors disrupts normal brain development by altering a gene's transcript diversity, leading to increased cell migration and sustained signaling through the Cxcr4 pathway.
3948h agoAlzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment show notable decreases in hippocampal thickness and gyrification, and increases in mean diffusivity, with distinct diffusion orientation shifts throughout the hippocampus.
3948h agoThe immunohistochemical reactivity of antibodies against amyloid-beta peptides differs greatly depending on the antibody used, with some antibodies staining mainly amyloid plaques and others staining more broadly.
3948h agoA mathematical model shows that neurons can produce spikes at specific phases of the theta rhythm even when the baseline membrane potential fluctuates, by using a degenerate grazing bifurcation of an asymptotically stable oscillation.
3952h agoThe Jacobian-based Nonlinearity Evaluation (JNE) metric measures the nonlinearity of brain responses to neural encoding models, revealing a hierarchical progression of nonlinear characteristics in visual cortices and stimulus-selective nonlinear response patterns in brain regions.
3952h agoArtificial Recurrent Neural Networks can be simplified into low-dimensional models that reveal their fundamental dynamics, allowing for a precise understanding of neural computations underlying behavior.
3952h agoTransforming fMRI data into videos of 2D activity maps and training Vision Transformers on them results in models that learn rich representations supporting fine-grained state decoding across subjects and subject-specific trait decoding.
3952h agoPerceptual estimates shift toward prior expectations under high stimulus noise, but away from them when sensory noise dominates, a phenomenon that can be explained by a Generative Adversarial Inference network that learns from sensory inputs.
3952h agoHippocampal sequences arise from intrinsic recurrent circuitry that acts as a temporal memory buffer for extremely sparse inputs, and this mechanism helps an agent navigate through a continuous maze using sparse egocentric visual inputs.
3952h agoReinforcement learning agents take greater risks and lack self-preservation instincts compared to biological mice in a predator-avoidance maze environment.
3952h agoAdaptation mechanisms, including spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, modulate traveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain during slow-wave sleep.
3952h agoA regulator must embody a model of the system it regulates to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the system's output.
3952h agoReservoir computing accurately predicts critical transitions in time series by mimicking the internal dynamics of the actual system.
3952h agoHigher-order interactions among multiple elements can enhance the stability of synchronized states in complex systems.
3952h agoThe study uses a data-driven approach to reconstruct the dynamics of solitary-wave interactions in the nonlinear Schrödinger model, both with and without a parabolic trapping potential.
3952h agoThe Darboux transformation of the nonlocal coupled modified complex integrable dispersionless equation yields soliton-type solutions, including periodic waves, breather-like waves, and rational solutions, with novel properties distinct from the local equation.
3952h agoZip shift maps are S-expansive and have the shadowing property, and any S-expansive local homeomorphism is a factor of a zip shift map.
3952h agoOptical phonons with non-linearities can dynamically break crystalline inversion symmetry, leading to a steady state with broken symmetry, strong second harmonic generation, and a rectified driving signal.
3952h agoQuantum droplets form in a two-component quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensate with unique properties, such as flat-topped density profiles and anisotropic elliptical morphologies, due to higher-order interactions and quantum fluctuations.
3952h agoBidirectional nonlinear optical tomography (BNOT) allows for accurate evaluation of nonlinear photonic integrated circuits by estimating individual interface efficiencies and removing systematic bias in on-chip performance measurements.
3952h agoA method using Lyapunov-like functions provides a global lower bound for the shortest possible period of periodic solutions to autonomous ordinary differential equations.
3952h agoThe formation of breathers in multi-dimensional lattices with long-range interactions depends on parameters such as dimension, nonlinearity, and a nonlocal parameter, with a sharp division between a mass-subcritical regime with no positive excitation threshold and a critically or more positive threshold.
3952h agoThe nonlinear system resulting from the linear vector Schrödinger equation with quadratic constraints is closely related to the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy, which leads to N-soliton solutions for the model.
3952h agoAdaptation mechanisms, including spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, modulate traveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain during slow-wave sleep.
3952h agoThe study proves windowed spectral projection estimates and a generalized Weyl law for the quantized baker's map on the torus, and obtains a strengthening of the quantum ergodic theorem and statistics of random quasimodes.
3952h agoLocal-operator entanglement is upper-bound by three distinct magic monotones: $T$-count, unitary nullity, and operator stabilizer R\'enyi entropy.
3952h agoCoordination systems with multiple agents and objectives face thermodynamic constraints that prioritize findability over accuracy, and their complexity scales with the number of agents, objectives, and required precision.
3952h agoPolynomial Hamiltonian systems of PIV-type can be reduced to a minimal Hamiltonian system through an iterative process of polynomial regularisation.
3952h agoScientists characterize flat regions in random landscapes by counting the number of spheres that can fit into them, which reveals at least two topological regimes in the spherical perceptron.
3952h agoA machine learning-driven framework optimizes classical interatomic potentials to reproduce experimental properties of materials, efficiently exploring a large parameter space with a small number of molecular dynamics simulations.
3952h agoSilica glass has a complex medium-range order that changes with compression, exhibiting alternating cubic and octahedral particle arrangements at high pressures, which affects its compressibility.
3952h agoThe nonlinear phenomena in dark current of BIB infrared detectors, including negative differential resistance and current oscillations, arise from current path clustering and impurity band conduction dynamics.
3952h agoPhysically crosslinked polymer networks undergo ultra-slow coarsening with a logarithmically growing mesh size that governs their spatial organization, energy, and aging dynamics.
3952h agoA new method estimates the fidelity of large quantum circuits using the order statistics of measured output probabilities from highly entangled states.
3952h agoGO-Diff, a diffusion-based method, learns to directly sample low-energy atomic configurations to optimize global structure.
3952h agoAn assembly of Hopfield neural networks displays emergent capabilities, including pattern disentanglement, where it can separate a composite signal into its individual elements.
3952h agoHebbian couplings in Hopfield networks can be built from a set of definite patterns, labeled examples, or unlabeled examples, and their spectral distribution determines the stability, attractiveness, and generalization capabilities of the networks.
3952h agoDephasing can be used to engineer wave localization in non-Hermitian lattices, leading to wavefunction accumulation at the lattice's boundary.
3952h agoQuantum computers can solve certain problems that conventional computers can't, and specifically, quantum annealers can rapidly generate accurate solutions to the Schrödinger equation, outperforming leading classical methods.
3952h agoInverse Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Hamiltonian Learning (iPINN-HL) integrates observational data and physical laws to accurately and efficiently infer Hamiltonian parameters, approaching the Heisenberg limit with robustness to noise.
3952h agoAutistic adults have atypical neural processes for empathy and conflict resolution, showing heightened early emotional arousal and increased cognitive effort to evaluate others' pain.
3952h agoDrosophila mojavensis larvae have reduced and deeper sleep than Drosophila melanogaster larvae, which allows them to prioritize nutrient intake and energy storage, maximizing their survival in harsh environments.
3952h agoThe hippocampus combines different organizational patterns to represent spatial and semantic information, using a continuous shift in coding scale along its long axis during routine sequences and discrete subregions during sequence mismatches.
3952h agoInformation geometry methods can successfully extract higher-order dependencies from continuous neural recordings when paired with appropriate binarization schemes.
3952h agoBlocking PAI-1 in brain endothelial cells after a stroke improves recovery by reducing blood flow, which in turn reduces damage to the blood-brain barrier and inflammation.
3952h agoStronger representations of a distractor lead to poorer ability to process attended information, resulting in worse behavioral performance, especially in areas of the brain that process motion.
3952h agoOverexpressing a healthy version of the MFN2 gene in neurons helps restore normal mitochondrial function and motor ability in mice with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A.
3952h agoMismatch negativity, a biomarker of schizophrenia, matures during adolescence in mouse primary visual cortex, and this development does not require robust microglia activity.
3952h agoAge-related changes in microglial morphology correlate with cognitive decline in specific brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampus.
3952h agoRobots can help people hand over objects more naturally by adjusting their movement speed according to the object's weight.
3952h agoSkin biopsies can provide insight into changes in nerve cells of patients with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, with hundreds of genes expressed differently in these biopsies likely contributed by nerve axons and terminals.
3952h agoChronic exposure to methylparaben and ethylparaben causes developmental delays, reduces lifespan, increases oxidative damage, and impairs locomotor performance in Drosophila melanogaster.
3952h agoUncertainty about a reach target leads to less expansive neural preparation in the dorsal premotor cortex, and movements are adjusted accordingly, with a narrower separation between neural states allowing for more rapid movement re-preparation.
3952h agoRedox imbalance in the brain contributes to diseases like Alzheimer's, and research shows that a protein called deltaFOSB is regulated by a redox switch that controls its binding to target genes, affecting cognition.
3952h agoHuntington disease causes white matter loss by disrupting the transport of myelin-associated glycoprotein, a protein essential for maintaining the integrity of the myelin sheath, from oligodendrocyte cell bodies to myelinated axons.
3952h agoVestibular function in mice relies mainly on non-quantal transmission, not on VGLUT3-mediated quantal transmission, as removal of VGLUT3 reduces quantal synaptic transmission by over 95% but does not affect balance or vestibular nerve physiology.
3952h agoOPM-based MEG systems provide higher decoding accuracy than SQUID-based systems in multivariate pattern analysis of visual processing due to their higher spatial resolution.
3952h agoIron deficiency impairs mitochondrial energy production, stunts axon growth, and alters axon morphology in developing neurons, affecting brain health.
3956h agoCue-induced activation of specific neurons in the nucleus accumbens core drives relapse vulnerability in substance use disorder, and this process involves distinct structural and functional changes in these neurons.
3956h agoGlioblastoma cells become more like neuron/glia progenitors, express neuronal and synaptic machinery, and invade brain tissue through synaptic connections with specific types of neurons.
3956h agoThe LC17 type of visual projection neurons play a key role in object tracking during flight by processing signals from columnar visual neurons T3 and are essential for visual approach.
3956h agoThe magnitude of long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region correlates with daily fluctuations in the ratio of synaptic excitation to inhibition, and this correlation changes with age.
3956h agoThe expression of the PTF1A factor drives radial glial progenitors to differentiate into glial cells, and this process depends on the dosage of PTF1A expression.
3956h agoRAN proteins accumulate in brain regions of people with certain diseases and contribute to their progression by causing cell damage and death.
3956h agoMind blanking is characterised by a "rich" pattern of long and short-range signal anticorrelations in fMRI connectivity, but this pattern changes to a simpler hyperconnected one when people report being sleepy or less alert.
3956h agoNeurons in the brain maintain their normal firing patterns during absence seizures, with ictal activity representing a scalable modulation of pre-existing network states rather than a random disruption.
3956h agoReducing tau protein levels in specific brain regions with RNA-based therapies improves symptoms and reduces disease pathology in a mouse model of tau-related neurodegenerative disorders.
3956h agoNotch filters increase color contrast and enhance visual performance for normal trichromats, especially when searching for targets on bluish-yellowish backgrounds.
3956h agoARHGEF17 deficiency causes increased incidence and rupture of intracranial aneurysms by impairing endothelial function, promoting vascular inflammation, and disrupting cytoskeletal dynamics through the RhoA/ROCK2/MLC pathway.
3956h agoBinge ethanol exposure during adolescence disrupts the structural and functional connection between astrocytes and synapses, leading to lasting behavioral impairments that can be improved by stimulating astrocyte activity.
3956h agoPsychedelics disrupt visual processing by increasing active sensing behaviors and reducing visually-evoked activity in the primary visual cortex, with diverse effects on individual neurons.
3956h agoPrdm12 overexpression in sensory neurons decreases their excitability, reduces inflammatory joint pain, and modulates pain perception by affecting ion channels.
3956h agoHigher uncertainty in auditory stimuli leads to stronger inter-brain synchronization during social interaction.
3956h agoReplay activities in the brain follow different dynamics, with varying speeds and variability, and can be characterized using a state-space model that allows for switching between different types of dynamics.
3956h agoA shared ordinal structure between tasks does not improve performance when switching between declarative and motor sequence learning.
3956h agoPsilocybin has subtle, context-dependent effects on social behaviour and inflammation in female mice, with effects varying depending on the mouse's condition and environment.
3956h agoHunger activates a specific neuron that increases the craving for alcohol in hungry individuals by changing how the brain processes memories of alcohol-related cues.
3956h agoBDNF activates the mTOR pathway in axons, driving local protein synthesis that is essential for axonal trafficking, neuronal function, and long-distance signaling.
3956h agoA low-cost brain phantom made from ground beef, sodium alginate, and starch, effectively emulates key biophysical properties of brain tissue, allowing for safe and efficient testing of multiple neuromodulation modalities.
3960h agoBrain scans and behavioral measures reveal two dimensions of brain function that distinguish between youth with different psychiatric symptoms, and can identify three distinct subtypes with unique symptom profiles and brain development patterns.
3960h agoThe intracellular domain of the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) is essential for retinal ganglion cells to regenerate injured axons and strongly amplifies their response to growth factors.
3960h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregation directly triggers changes in mitochondria, including increased size, defective cristae structure, and enhanced formation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles.
3960h agoThe brain directly decodes motion acceleration from neural responses in area MT on fast time scales with high fidelity, rather than calculating it indirectly from velocity representations.
3960h agoIntergenerational social connections change brain activity related to social bonding, with intergenerational pairs showing decreased and same-generation pairs showing increased neural synchrony over six sessions.
3960h agoThe spinal cord's propriospinal networks contribute to coordination between locomotor and autonomic systems through a strong ascending communication pathway from the lumbar to thoracic region.
3960h agoA 10mL white matter reference region improves reliability in measuring synaptic density with [11C]UCB-J and detects a greater difference in brain activity between Parkinson's disease patients and healthy subjects.
3960h agoOverexpressing ATAD1 partly corrects imbalances in lipid metabolism, improves mitochondrial function, and increases peroxisome numbers in patient cells with Zellweger Spectrum Disorders caused by PEX1 and PEX6 gene mutations.
3960h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Higher spatial frequencies and larger patterns cause stronger visual discomfort and pupillary constriction, and repeated exposure leads to increased discomfort and decreased pupil size.
3968h agoDepleting FMRP in human brain cells causes cellular hyperexcitability that can be corrected by a specific enzyme inhibitor.
3972h agoThe planum temporale and other brain regions are activated when people perceive sound sources as located outside their head, and different sound conditions activate different areas.
3972h agoNorepinephrine suppresses the transmission of emotional information from the basolateral amygdala to the medial prefrontal cortex by reducing the excitatory signals between them.
3972h agoThe medial temporal lobe has different parts that handle different types of information, with posterior parts representing visual information and anterior parts representing conceptual information, and distinct brain wave patterns in these areas support memory formation.
3972h agoDeleting 4E-BP2 in GABAergic interneurons impairs long-term memory formation by controlling the translation of specific mRNAs, including Gal, that are required for memory.
3972h agoThe clonal raider ant brain shows extensive interindividual variability in structure, even among genetically identical individuals of the same age.
3972h agoNeuroPaint, a masked autoencoding approach, infers the dynamics of unrecorded brain areas by leveraging data from multiple animals with overlapping recorded areas.
3976h agoMAPS, a new computational tool, identifies which explanations of artificial neural networks best match human vision by comparing image-by-image human accuracies on minimal images with accuracies on full stimuli.
3976h agoA system's representation of sensory information preserves fine-grained details, even when it abstracts away some features, because the information can be recovered from the features rather than their causal origin.
3976h agoNon-linear changes in brain network connectivity occur in specific networks of cognitively normal older adults with early amyloid pathology, and are associated with better cognitive performance.
3976h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when viewed directly, and this effect changes with distance.
3976h agoThe regulator must contain a model of the system it regulates to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the system's output.
3976h agoThe destabilizing bifurcations from an equilibrium in coupled systems are governed by the extreme eigenvalues of the network's coupling matrix.
3976h agoMechanical lattices support topological wave phenomena that are governed by geometric phases, which can be controlled and manipulated through symmetry, modulation, and topology to analyze and design vibration and acoustic functionalities in engineered structures.
3976h agoThe study constructs explicit two-phase solutions to the focusing mKdV equation and examines their spectral and orbital stability.
3976h agoN-solitons of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations and (N1,N2)-solitons of the coupled modified Korteweg-de Vries equations are nonlinearly stable in Sobolev spaces.
3976h agoAbandoned geostationary satellites near an unstable equilibrium point experience irregular transitions between dynamical states due to interactions between longitudinal dynamics and orbital precession, and these transitions occur suddenly at specific points in the precession cycle when the orbital inclination is minimal.
3976h agoThe two-population Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model exhibits random switches between synchronized and desynchronized states in the two populations, caused by the finite size of the network.
3976h agoIce streams in ice sheets can exhibit build-up/surge oscillatory variability due to thermomechanical coupling at the base of the ice, and this variability can be chaotic.
3976h agoUnstable periodic orbits play a major role in understanding spatiotemporal chaos; their stability changes with coupling strength and can be analyzed through the eigenvalues of the orbit Jacobian operator.
3976h agoFerromagnets with a specific type of symmetry exhibit a rich spectrum of phases and transitions, including a paramagnetic phase and two distinct ferromagnetic phases that can coexist as stable and metastable states over a range of temperatures.
3976h agoPolynomial Hamiltonian systems of $\text{P}_{\text{IV}}$-type can be reduced to a minimal Hamiltonian system through an iterative process of polynomial regularisation.
3976h agoThe semiclassical analytical solutions for the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in a quarter-stadium quantum billiard predict the band structure of the observable matrix and describe the asymptotic behavior of the f function in the semiclassical limit.
3976h agoEpidemic forecasting requires models that account for complex social interactions, and a new expression for the basic reproduction number $\mathcal R_0$ enables analysis of disease transmission across multiple social layers.
3976h agoUltra-discretization preserves the properties of Yang-Baxter maps and independence preserving property, and this preservation yields new examples of piecewise linear maps with independence preserving property.
3976h agoThe synchronous collision of solitons in a nonlinear Schrödinger equation results in a local wave profile that scales as the sinc(x) function, and this behavior persists even when soliton amplitudes are random variables.
3976h agoSwarming agents can collectively produce a desired density through local sensing, motion, and interactions, by moving in a stochastic walk over a networked domain to reduce the error between the swarm density and the target.
3976h agoThe variational free energy principle provides a method for modelling systems made of coupled objects by representing the dependence relationships between their states or trajectories using generative models.
3976h agoThe generalized construction of regular rational extensions of the trigonometric Darboux-Pöschl-Teller potential yields novel families of exceptional orthogonal polynomials that depend on discrete and continuous parameters.
3976h agoQuantum walks exhibit chaotic signatures, including sharp differences in spectral statistics and eigenfunction morphology, when their motion is influenced by chaotic features of the boundary shape in a closed domain.
3976h agoSonic horizons form and accelerate in a Bose-Einstein condensate due to harmonic confinement, and can collide and annihilate each other over time.
3976h agoPanda, a new model, forecasts chaotic systems accurately without needing to be trained on specific systems, preserving short-term accuracy and long-term statistics.
3976h agoAbrikosov vortices in superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
3976h agoStrong disorder in quantum systems leads to slow dynamics, causing information transport to occur at a non-perturbatively small velocity and entanglement to spread logarithmically slowly over long time scales.
3976h agoA new class of dynamical systems can be trained for classification and generation by shaping connections between nodes to steer the system towards a desired equilibrium.
3976h agoTransversal gates reduce the error threshold for fault-tolerant quantum computation to 0.080 for bit-flip errors and 0.028 for syndrome errors, compared to a static quantum memory.
3976h agoFeed-forward neural quantum states have a limited entanglement entropy for any subregion, bound by $S \leq c k\log n$, which rules out volume law entanglement for states with a small number of nonlinearities.
3976h agoShearing a non-Brownian suspension forms two types of memories, one of direction and one of amplitude, which coexist and compete within a limited capacity.
3976h agoQuasiperiodic systems can host three coexisting quantum phases, including localized, extended, and multifractal states, with proposed experimental protocols to detect them.
3976h agoMany-body localization lends robustness to nonequilibrium phases of matter, which can exhibit topological and symmetry-breaking order, and a new framework classifies these phases, including anomalous localized topological phases, using quantum cellular automata.
3976h agoAnderson localization enhances the critical temperature of disordered superconductors by following an exact symmetry relation based on nonlinear sigma-models.
3976h agoBond dissipation drives particles from dispersive bands into flat bands, facilitating their preparation, measurement, and utilization.
3976h agoBrain activity in areas responsible for memory and learning helps verbal memory performance in midlife postmenopausal women.
3976h agoWolfram-like syndrome causes vision loss through retinal ganglion cell degeneration due to WFS1 gene variants that impair optic nerve mitochondrial physiology and disrupt endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication.
3976h agoRhythmic bursting of action potentials occurs in about 12% of VLPO neurons, driven by intrinsic mechanisms, and may contribute to sleep regulation.
3976h agoFerroptosis, a unique cell death mechanism, is involved in Parkinson's disease pathology, and inhibiting the enzyme 15-lipoxygenase can rescue associated pathologies and prevent abnormal protein oligomerisation.
3976h agoEarly-life exposure to organophosphate flame retardants causes lasting, sex-specific changes in the body's stress response system, leading to altered stress reactions and behaviors.
3976h agoSilent reading can be decoded from brain activity with 30-40% accuracy, but decoding performance of inner speech tasks such as repetitive and generative inner speech is mostly at chance level.
3976h agoEPO treatment remodels chromatin accessibility in newly formed pyramidal neurons, with transposable elements emerging as critical regulators of gene networks involved in neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity.
3976h agoThe human brain segments stories into events with multiple timescales while reading, with different brain regions representing shorter or longer events in a nested hierarchical structure.
3976h agoA new protein variant of alpha-synuclein, called a-Syn-115, is more abundant in certain brain cells of people with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and may contribute to the formation of protein clumps that drive disease progression.
3976h agoPeripheral immune system activation rapidly changes serotonin signaling capacity by inhibiting firing of serotonin-producing neurons and enhancing serotonin clearance through a specific molecular pathway.
3980h agoOlder adults show greater gait variability and less flexibility in brain activity when walking on uneven terrain compared to younger adults.
3980h agoThe extrastriate visual cortex contains columns that are selectively responsive to different visual features, and these columns compete with each other during development, allowing intact functions to take over those that are compromised.
3980h agoIndividual-level, data-driven factor models better capture the organization and behavioral relevance of brain activity than the current Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework.
3980h agoPeople with social anxiety have better memory for social errors, such as faces shown during mistakes, which can strengthen negative memories and contribute to their anxiety.
3980h agoHypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) directly regulates the T-type calcium channel CaV3.2, leading to increased neuronal excitability through a conserved pathway that may contribute to post-ischemic epileptogenesis.
3980h agoHigh-frequency fMRI signals capture spontaneous neural activity that indexes brain states, and fast fMRI sampling allows for more precise quantification of this activity, including decoding EEG rhythms from short windows of fMRI data.
3980h agoBrains fixed with salt-saturated or alcohol-formaldehyde solutions can be used for MRI studies, especially with T2-weighted sequences, which maintain a sharp contrast in different brain regions.
3980h agoThe putamen plays a role in representing self and others' actions in social contexts by gating cortical representations.
3980h agoElectrocortical activity involves spontaneous dynamics and paradoxically activated states with increased global complexity during deep anesthesia, and is not a unitary function of anesthetic concentration.
3980h agoNonlinear dynamical system techniques reveal the core dynamics of artificial recurrent neural networks used in neuroscience, reducing their dimensionality by orders of magnitude and enabling the interpretation of robust structures in neuronal dynamics.
3984h agoReducing tau protein helps improve brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, and delivering an artificial microRNA that targets tau can reduce tau accumulation, improve symptoms, and extend survival in a mouse model of the disease.
3984h agoBeta bursts reflect structured, task-specific neural dynamics, and a machine learning approach using nonlinear features can classify them with up to 91.1% accuracy, considering both burst duration and task condition.
3984h agoPatients with macular degeneration develop different patterns of eye movements as they adapt to central vision loss, with individual differences in behavior seen before and after visual training.
3984h agoMultiple protein kinases are activated with complex dynamics over 24 hours in response to different learning protocols, with their activity patterns varying depending on the protocol used to induce long-term synaptic facilitation.
3984h agoA new data-driven approach improves the analysis of nociceptive discharges by accurately sorting spikes in nociceptors, leading to more reliable analysis of pain and itch sensory coding.
3984h agoAdding artificial neural signals to training datasets improves the ability of deep neural networks to decode continuous movements, such as limb kinematics, from brain activity.
3984h agoParkinson's disease, age, sex, and body mass index are independently associated with striatal dopamine synthesis capacity, which is reduced in Parkinson's disease, decreases with age, is higher in females, and weakly increases with higher body mass index.
3984h agoMutations in the KCNB1 gene disrupt the clustering of Kv2.1 potassium channels, leading to altered channel dynamics and potentially increasing neuronal excitability.
3984h agoExcessive formation of perineuronal nets in the hippocampus during a sensitive period disrupts social memory development and leads to lifelong social recognition deficits in mice with a genetic mutation related to Autism Spectrum Disorder.
3984h agoPsilocybin and DMT delay the onset of sleep and cause a short increase in wakefulness, and alter brain activity patterns during wakefulness and sleep.
3984h agoThe human brain's action network has a detailed functional affinity architecture that shows its integrative topology across the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and subcortical nuclei, and is anticorrelated with the default network.
3984h agoImmoral decisions change the brain's dynamic states, decreasing activity in the control network and increasing activity in the reward network as dishonesty persists.
3984h agoDecreased microRNA-21-3p levels contribute to cerebral hemorrhage in cerebral cavernous malformations by increasing vascular permeability and angiogenesis through the regulation of NOX4 and VEGFA.
3984h agoAttractiveness can be automatically detected, but differences exist between processing facial and vocal attractiveness, with change detection working better for unattractive than attractive information.
3984h agoMating in Drosophila erecta flies depends on environmental cues, specifically food volatiles, which trigger male sexual arousal and promote courtship when the flies are densely aggregated on a food patch.
3988h agoIntestinal cooling after a stroke reduces brain injury, improves functional recovery, and lowers mortality rates in mice more effectively than body surface cooling or normothermic conditions.
3988h agoBDNF increases the synaptic surface expression of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurons through a signaling cascade involving hnRNPK, Pyk2, and protein kinase C, leading to changes in network excitability.
3988h agoMitochondrial dysfunction can be detected in live human neurons using a noninvasive framework that combines optical diffraction tomography with organelle-aware representation learning.
3988h agoAnnexin A1, a protein secreted by tanycytes, regulates energy balance by reducing inflammation in the brain and influencing the activity of surrounding cells.
3988h agoScientists must accept responsibility for championing science and communicate more effectively with the public to restore trust.
3992h agoBrain clearance mechanisms can be noninvasively mapped using magnetic resonance imaging, revealing region-specific drivers in healthy brains and altered dynamics in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
3992h agoC9orf72 mutations impair immune activation in ALS, affecting brain cell communication and revealing different cellular and molecular pathways in sporadic and genetic forms of the disease.
3992h agoThe foveola, a tiny region of the retina, accounts for nearly one third of projections to the visual cortex and shows substantial individual variability in sensitivity, with peak sensitivity often shifted toward the temporal visual field.
3992h agoThe human cerebral cortex contains 906 layer-specific genes with distinct expression patterns, and its cell type diversity changes with age and is linked to disease through spatially specific gene expression.
3992h agoThe hippocampus prioritizes different dimensions of visual similarity at different stages of learning, and its activity patterns related to similar visual stimuli change depending on whether those stimuli interfere with each other in memory.
3992h agoThe brain uses separate networks to process time, space, and reward, with distinct subnetworks for interval timing, spatial navigation, and reward.
3992h agoChildren with dyslexia exhibit altered phonetic encoding strategies, characterized by disrupted processing of word-onset phonemes and slower retention of less relevant sounds in verbal short-term memory.
3992h agoFMR1-KO mice display habituation deficits during early development, and their behavioral responses to auditory stimuli change dynamically as they mature and differ between females and males.
3996h agoBrain network formation happens on a non-uniform developmental timetable, and adding this timing to generative network models helps create synthetic networks that more accurately reproduce the spatial layout of real brain networks.
3996h agoElevated levels of -synuclein decrease the density of key presynaptic proteins MYCBP2 and ELKS, potentially disrupting presynaptic function in Parkinson's Disease.
3996h agoPhysiological artifact annotations are provided for a large-scale EEG dataset, PhysioMotion Artifact, which helps improve EEG signal interpretation and analysis.
3996h agoTask-relevant variables are encoded in orthogonal subspaces of neural activity, and this occurs in brain areas, across species, and in artificial neural networks trained on tasks that depend on these variables.
4000h agoHippocampal sequences arise from intrinsic recurrent circuitry that acts as a temporal memory buffer for extremely sparse inputs, allowing an agent to reliably solve a continuous maze without explicit geometric cues.
4000h agoThe Language of Thought hypothesis suggests that some cognitive processes involve language-like representations that are processed by neural hardware in the nervous system.
4000h agoNeuronal networks in the brain have a similar structure to the cosmic web, with features like hub nodes, clustered connections, and large empty spaces.
4000h agoAI-based surrogate brains use data-driven approaches to predict whole-brain dynamics, offering a new way to decode neural systems and forecast complex brain activity.
4000h agoPhysiological co-modulation occurs during human-animal interactions, with evidence showing that humans and animals can have synchronized physiological responses, particularly in the contexts of animal-assisted therapy and companionship.
4000h agoThe large Laplacian re-referencing strategy achieves the best P300 peak classification accuracy, outperforming other strategies.
4000h agoReducing electrodes in electroencephalography-based Brain-Computer Interfaces degrades source reconstruction quality and distorts neural generators, and a new scaling law shows a mathematical link between electrode reduction and localization accuracy.
4000h agoLossy compression of visual inputs, which discards irrelevant details, supports the ability to distinguish between similar visual stimuli by facilitating pattern separation.
4000h agoPeople are systematic and adaptively rational when making decisions and forming judgments in new problem settings, even with little to no experience.
4000h agoThe human proprioceptive system overestimates the speed of slow hand movements and underestimates the speed of fast hand movements.
4000h agoThe performance of Large Language Models degrades when crucial information is in the middle of a long context, a phenomenon arising from the models' adaptation to different information retrieval demands during pre-training.
4000h agoOptimised electric field waveforms reduce energy loss by up to 92% compared to conventional pulses, enabling directional selectivity and efficient neural activation with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
4000h agoA regulator must contain a model of the system it regulates to reduce the complexity of the system's output.
4000h agoAgents tracking sensory streams using simple generative programs impose structural and dynamical constraints that confine their behavior to low-dimensional manifolds aligned with the symmetries of the data.
4000h agoReinforcement learning and supervised learning drive recurrent neural networks to fundamentally different computational solutions when trained on identical decision-making tasks.
4000h agoIncreasing noise intensity reduces auditory steady-state responses in gamma oscillations, and enhancing the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance improves auditory attention during speech recognition.
4000h agoTactile sensing is improved by using a novel Encoder-Attender-Decoder framework and convolutional recurrent neural networks, which achieves neural representations matching rodent somatosensory cortex and reveals the importance of recurrent processing for general-purpose tactile representations.
4000h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
4000h agoA novel distance metric, the Alpha-Z Bures-Wasserstein divergence, improves identification rates of individuals from functional connectomes, outperforming traditional and state-of-the-art methods across multiple task conditions and spatial resolutions.
4000h agoSpiking neural networks with nonlinear pruning and dendritic integration achieve high sparsity with minimal performance degradation across multiple tasks.
4000h agoA geometric framework helps to uncover underlying neural mechanisms in interactive social behavior by examining dynamic changes in neural interactions through evolving geometric structures of neural networks.
4000h agoA novel approach called EM-LLM integrates human episodic memory into large language models, enabling them to handle practically infinite context lengths while maintaining computational efficiency.
4000h agoNeural oscillations play a key role in the appearance of a toroidal topology in the activity of grid cells in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex.
4000h agoSwarmalators, which combine swarming and synchronized oscillations, exhibit complex patterns such as clustering and phase waves, influenced by factors like interaction range and coupling strength.
4000h agoQuantum mechanics reinstates confinement in classically unstable Hamiltonian systems by creating an effective barrier that localizes states along classical escape channels.
4000h agoThe interplay among environment feedback, nonlinear effects, and stochasticity drives a system towards a variety of steady-state structures, including full defection, full cooperation, stable coexistence, and periodic limit cycles.
4000h agoThe six-wave interaction system, derived from Maxwell's equations in nonlinear optics, leads to a set of coupled equations that describe how electric and polarization fields evolve over space and time.
4000h agoThe Complex System Response equation connects component interactions with emergent behaviors in complex systems, and applies to physical, chemical, biological, and social systems.
4000h agoTempological control, a novel strategy that uses time-varying networks, can drive a nonlinear system to a desired state or stabilize unstable states without external forcing.
4000h agoThe Bunimovich mushroom billiard system shows phase space localization of chaotic eigenstates for narrow stems, which changes as the stem width increases.
4000h agoA three-dimensional generalization of QRT maps has two rational integrals and an invariant volume form, establishing its integrability.
4000h agoThe Kipnis-Marchioro-Presutti lattice gas model shows complete integrability of its macroscopic fluctuation theory equations, allowing for explicit results on nonstationary heat transfer statistics at long times.
4000h agoThe Simple Inclusion Process exhibits a large-deviation behavior in mass transfer, with a probability distribution that follows a rate function determined by the macroscopic fluctuation theory.
4000h agoThe site activity distribution in the two-dimensional Abelian sandpile model follows a finite-size scaling form, with a crossover between typical and highly excitable sites occurring at a threshold activity of about 0.1 L^2.
4000h agoRandom wave forcing produces soliton gases in shallow water conditions, while dispersive waves develop into weak turbulence in deep water conditions.
4000h agoA predictive model based on cellular automata helps accurately forecast wildfires by incorporating environmental variables such as vegetation density, wind speed, and topographic slope.
4000h agoSpin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling undergo phase transitions in their ground state when exposed to gradient magnetic fields, leading to stable ground states with arbitrary winding numbers.
4000h agoA modified (1+1)-dimensional theory produces analytic BPS double-kink solutions with exponential decay in three models, governed by the φ4, φ6, and sine-Gordon superpotentials.
4000h agoTwo constructions of a quantization of the dispersionless KdV hierarchy are the same, one made by Wang and the other by the authors in joint work with Rossi.
4000h agoThe Womersley solution for pulsatile viscous flow in a circular tube reveals that the relationship between pressure gradient and velocity forms a loop in phase space, where the loop area equals the mean hydraulic power per cycle.
4000h agoThe Mean Information Gain (MIG) metric quantifies emergence in complex systems by measuring the lack of information about other elements given certain known properties.
4000h agoIon-irradiated amorphous thin films do not have constant fluidity throughout the layer, but instead have varying fluidity caused by radiation-induced defect kinetics.
4000h agoReinforcement learning and supervised learning drive recurrent neural networks to fundamentally different computational solutions when trained on identical decision-making tasks.
4000h agoAn inverse scattering transform is proposed for the continuum Calogero-Moser equation, which involves constructing Jost solutions and introducing a distorted Fourier transform.
4000h agoLocal cooperation and global competition create a transition to diverse communities, such as linguistic groups, through a process of evolution that organizes clusters of communities with different fitness.
4000h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, and this structure can be extended to Riemann surfaces of higher genus.
4000h agoThe study presents new Hamiltonian descriptions of three-dimensional systems, including chaotic systems like Chen, L\"u, and Qi systems, and shows that they can be described in a Hamiltonian framework with a resistance matrix.
4000h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
4000h agoStructured Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural ODEs (SKANODEs) integrate structured state-space modeling with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks to create accurate and physically interpretable models of nonlinear dynamical systems.
4000h agoDirect numerical simulation results for 3D turbulent Kolmogorov flows are inaccurate due to numerical noise, and a new method called clean numerical simulation provides a more accurate benchmark solution.
4000h agoThe attractiveness-driven interaction model shows that individual attractiveness leads to more compact groups, a power-law distribution of group sizes, and the suppression of a percolation transition, differing from a null model where agents move continuously.
4000h agoRandom matrix product unitaries can reproduce the behavior of truly random systems for certain types of observables with minimal resources.
4000h agoThe partition functions of 5d SYM theories with SU(2) gauge group and four flavours obey blowup relations that can be linked to the weights of a Lie algebra through the Weyl group action.
4000h agoThe updated keyword diagram of complex systems reveals differences and overlaps between public perception and actual usage of keywords in publications, and identifies four highly interconnected topical communities.
4000h agoNew classical stochastic dynamics models stabilize order in two and higher dimensions without symmetry, and have fluctuation-stabilized order that becomes fragile in larger dimensions.
4000h agoCoordination across multiple agents and objectives faces fundamental thermodynamic constraints that force systems to prioritize being findable over accuracy, leading to a need for progressive simplification.
4000h agoA decoder for fault-tolerant error correction in topological codes achieves a memory lifetime that scales as a stretched exponential in the linear system size, provided it has access to a certain number of noiseless classical bits.
4000h agoDisordered zero modes affect the fractal dimension of ensembles with chiral symmetry, and symmetry-conserving diagonal disorder reduces the fractal dimension in delocalized Bogoliubov-de Gennes ensembles.
4000h agoDephasing can be used to engineer wave localization in non-Hermitian lattices, leading to a novel dynamical localization phenomenon where wavefunctions accumulate at the lattice's boundary.
4000h agoA novel approach using magnetic topological insulators creates pinning sites for domain wall memories without topographical notches, enabling precise control over domain manipulation.
4000h agoA theoretical framework analyzes the spectral properties of sparse asymmetric correlation matrices, finding that their spectral density evolves as an asymmetry parameter changes from nearly symmetric to nearly antisymmetric.
4000h agoQuantized neural network training with the straight-through estimator exhibits a plateau followed by a sharp drop in generalization error, with the plateau length depending on the quantization range.
4000h agoThe addition of a single magnetic impurity to a honeycomb lattice generates chirality and a topological mass term, and the chirality reverses at a critical value of around 0.9.
4000h agoNeural Quantum States accurately simulate the square-lattice Hubbard model, revealing features of a doped Mott insulator, including antiferromagnetic correlations and suppressed density fluctuations.
4000h agoThe extension of the dynamical cluster approximation captures how Rashba spin-orbit coupling and nonlocal correlations modify single-particle properties and spin-dependent interference in disordered two-dimensional systems.
4000h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap at a certain threshold, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their properties make them a challenging benchmark for algorithms and a candidate for cryptographic applications.
4000h agoA satisfiability transition occurs in finding signs for a sequence of matrices such that the operator norm of the signed sum is within a given margin, with a sharp threshold at a critical value as the number of matrices and their size increase.
4000h agoRecurrent neural networks provide accurate information about quantum many-body systems in the thermodynamic limit when used as variational ansatzes in machine-learning-based Monte Carlo simulations.
4000h agoThe entanglement entropy of a complex system's eigenstate depends on a single functional of the system parameters that captures collective information content.
4000h agoDisordered superconductor couplings can reconstruct fractional quantum Hall edge states into stable phases with quantized electron-to-hole conversion probability.
4000h agoRecurrent neural network wavefunctions provide accurate estimates of ground-state properties of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the thermodynamic limit, especially when combined with basis rotation or variational neural annealing.
4000h agoDistributed systems with non-local interactions perform pattern completion and selection, and their connectivity enables spatio-temporal memory pattern dynamics through coupled amplitude equations.
4000h agoDistinct motivational outcomes drive different changes in the genes expressed by neuromodulatory neurons in the brain, leading to behavioral flexibility.
4000h agoNeuropathic pain results from changes in the brain's primary sensory cortex, specifically structural changes to the axon initial segment, that increase the excitability of certain brain cells.
4000h agoCSF1R inhibition combined with cranial radiotherapy accelerates reactive gliosis and monocyte-derived macrophage engraftment without protecting vulnerable neural cell populations, but leads to limited long-term recovery of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
4000h agoDeleting or overexpressing specific snoRNAs in the gut and fat body of flies affects their lifespan, metabolism, and brain health.
4000h agoAmyloid-beta filaments bound to receptors in Alzheimer's brain are 65 nm long and have prion protein at their tips, and this structure is critical for synaptic damage.
4000h agoAAV11 can transfer from axons of postsynaptic neurons to astrocytes, allowing for the labeling of astrocytes connected to specific postsynaptic neurons.
4000h agoAbnormal fibrils formed from aggregated proteins cause Parkinson's disease, and a new framework combining AI and structural biology designs peptides that inhibit fibril growth.
4000h agoA conditioned auditory stimulus can stop absence seizures in a rat model, with the success of termination depending on the timing of the stimulus, the level of conditioning, and the strength of the electrographic signal.
4004h agoA home sleep study using wearable devices found that sleep patterns change with age from late childhood to early adulthood, with decreases in deep sleep and slow brain waves as people get older.
4004h agoPreterm children's attention and working memory skills can be supported through a tablet-based intervention called Dino Island, which parents can deliver with high fidelity.
4004h agoThe molecular basis for heterogeneous aging in the human brain involves two dominant themes: a robust immunometabolic axis and distinct, cell-type-specific molecular programs that vary by sex.
4004h agoSynTrack, a new algorithm, accurately tracks 65,000 synapses in living mice over two weeks with high resolution and fidelity.
4004h agoThe brain and body's health are linked through two main patterns: one driven by age, which is associated with loss of brain structural integrity and cerebral vascular dysfunction, and another driven by metabolic features, which is linked to cognitive deficits, particularly in females.
4004h agoThe brain composes elements for reasoning by packaging them into fast neural sequences that explore the implications of different compositions over time.
4004h agoThe cerebellum plays a critical role in adapting vocal pitch in response to sensory errors, and individuals with cerebellar damage are unable to make necessary adjustments to maintain accurate control of vocal pitch.
4004h agoPhysical exercise increases Alpha activity in the brain for at least 25 minutes, and also temporarily increases Theta activity, in young healthy humans.
4008h agoApoE-LRP8 signaling helps axons regrow after brain and spinal cord injury, and modifying this pathway with ApoE2 can improve motor function and promote axon growth.
4008h agoThe hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI alters neurovascular coupling in mice, which has implications for interpreting human fMRI studies of psychedelics.
4016h agoAstrocytic Ca2+ helps prevent synaptic depotentiation by reducing repetitive dendritic activity in the motor cortex during motor training, contributing to learning-dependent neuronal circuit modification.
4016h agoWorking memory is maintained by a distributed pattern of persistent discharges across cortical neurons, which fluctuates widely in information representation fidelity.
4016h agoChild adversity affects the brain's stress response system, and differences in this system, specifically in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine area, are linked to resilience or susceptibility to anxiety and depression in mice.
4016h agoMetaphors, especially novel ones, engage the right hemisphere cortex more than literal sentences and familiar metaphors, and activate a network of brain regions including the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal cortex.
4016h agoThe uncinate fasciculus's lipid composition and myelin-constituent genes and proteins change with age, with increases in certain phospholipids and decreases in myelin-related molecules, which may contribute to age-related myelin deficits and declines in cognition.
4016h agoA multi-parametric diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy approach can characterize soma and neurite morphology of neuronal and glial cells, which may help develop biomarkers for neurological diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Multiple Sclerosis.
4016h agoLossy compression of visual inputs, which discards irrelevant details, supports the ability to discriminate similar visual stimuli, rather than expanding neural codes to make representations more distinct.
4016h agoTachykinin-1 expressing neurons in the lateral habenula encode reward prediction errors, and their activity changes with the difference between expected and realized rewards.
4016h agoMicroglial activation states are regulated by specific transcriptional regulators, which can be manipulated to selectively enrich certain states and inform future therapies.
4016h agoHuman intracranial recordings can advance the search for neural correlates of perceptual consciousness by offering high resolution and sensitivity.
4024h agoA new model combines magnetoencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging data to estimate brain activity with high spatial and temporal resolution.
4024h agoThe hierarchical information in brain regions of the visual system can be quantified by decoding outcomes to reflect an information hierarchy.
4024h agoA novel framework decodes fMRI signals into textual descriptions of viewed natural images, capturing core semantic content and revealing the critical role of higher-level visual cortices in visual semantic processing.
4024h agoHumans and machines working together can make better decisions than either one alone when their confidence levels are well-calibrated and they are good at different tasks.
4024h agoThe brain's slow oscillations during sleep are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of traveling waves, such as frequency, speed, and spatial patterns.
4024h agoA discrete third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation shows that a refractive index detuning induces intermediate dynamical regimes, including coherent breathing modes and chaotic-like propagation patterns, in the transition from stable uniform states to self-trapped regimes in two-dimensional nonlinear waveguide arrays.
4024h agoThe algebraic structures of integrable hierarchies play an important role in soliton equations, and a matrix representation of a constrained CKP hierarchy is given using splitting theory.
4024h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model displays a richer dynamical behavior than its single-layer counterpart, including oscillations and bifurcations, offering new insights into regulatory interactions in real-world systems.
4024h agoHigher-order interactions affect collective behavior in coupled oscillators, with different types of interactions leading to stable states only when considered together.
4024h agoThe motion of charged test particles around a black hole becomes chaotic when an external magnetic field is present, and the strength of chaos increases with particle energy and magnetic field but decreases with particle angular momentum, black hole spin, and quantum corrections.
4024h agoMultiscale polyadic group interactions impact the dynamics of interacting particle systems by changing equilibrium dynamics and phase transitions in epidemic and voter models.
4024h agoThe brain's slow oscillations during sleep are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of traveling waves, such as frequency, speed, and spatial patterns.
4024h agoA theoretical framework analyzing neural networks through dynamical systems theory reveals that different transformation modes in neurons lead to distinct learning behaviors, information extraction, and learning phases.
4024h agoEnvironmental variability and slow migration affect the fixation and extinction of microbial populations in spatially structured metapopulations, with the mutant fixation probability depending on the rate of migration and exhibiting a non-monotonic dependence on the switching rate between harsh and mild environmental conditions.
4024h agoThe one-dimensional critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, with commuting transfer matrices built from a non-local R-matrix expressed in terms of Majorana fermions.
4024h agoNonreciprocally coupled fields are governed by dynamic models with varying conservation laws, which can be derived from microscopic Ising models using mean-field approximation.
4024h agoTwo coherently coupled dissipative time crystals exhibit chaotic synchronization in the classical limit, characterized by a positive largest Lyapunov exponent and a Pearson correlation coefficient close to one, and a similar crossover behavior is observed in finite-size quantum dynamics.
4024h agoRogue waves are generated within a one-dimensional quantum droplet environment through two protocols, producing various waveforms, including Peregrine solitons and Akhmediev breathers.
4024h agoA strongly disordered nuclear spin ensemble exhibits a phase transition into a sub-diffusive regime, where thermalization emerges slowly due to the system's fractal structure.
4024h agoThe multilayer triadic percolation model displays a richer dynamical behavior than its single-layer counterpart, including oscillations and bifurcations, offering new insights into regulatory interactions in real-world systems.
4024h agoThe network topology determines the net magnetization of the ground state, with heterogeneity in the number of neighbors and the presence of hubs being key factors that make it tunable.
4024h agoThe extended Aubry-André-Harper chain model exhibits a many-body critical phase with unusual characteristics when short-range interactions are present, including multifractal scaling and delocalization of single-particle excitations.
4024h agoProbabilistic Approximate Optimization Algorithm (PAOA) enables fast sampling on Ising machines and probabilistic computers by iteratively modifying network couplings guided by cost evaluations, and outperforms QAOA and simulated annealing on certain problems.
4024h agoProbabilistic landscape models help understand fitness landscapes in evolutionary biology by describing their structure and features that affect evolutionary searches.
4024h agoThe topology of superconducting flux-qubit networks influences their magnetic response, with cross-shaped arrays showing a stronger magnetic flux response than linear arrays due to cooperative coupling among qubits.
4024h agoThe study finds a time-dependent progression of Parkinson's disease-like pathology from the olfactory bulb to other brain regions in mice exposed to rotenone, with associated behavioural impairment, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.
4028h agoLRRK2 kinase activity regulates glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity in response to neuroinflammation, but has no effect on GCase activity under normal conditions.
4032h agoCytokines IL-1, IL-18, IL-1RA, and IL-6 are associated with neuroinflammation, brain injury, and poor clinical outcomes in Herpes Simplex Virus encephalitis (HSE), and their levels are not reduced by adjunctive dexamethasone treatment.
4032h agoSleep loss causes different changes in brain organization depending on whether it is acute total sleep deprivation or chronic sleep restriction.
4032h agoDynamic brain networks support language perception and production through stable network connectivity that includes both active and low-activity regions.
4040h agoThe ventral hippocampus, especially its 3-4 Hz oscillations, plays a key role in creating a neural representation of a specific opposite-sex partner.
4040h agoAstrocyte-secreted SEMA3C protein inhibits neuronal growth and contributes to the pathology of Rett Syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder.
4040h agoThe brain constructs the value of a stimulus by converting its attributes into context-dependent values, which are then combined to form an overall value that changes with the context.
4040h agoADHD and autism spectrum disorder share some brain abnormalities related to inhibitory control, but differ in specific circuit-level abnormalities.
4040h agoDopamine transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex encodes the value of actions and helps adapt to changing situations by shaping neuronal activity through specific receptor interactions.
4040h agoAstrocyte microtubules are oriented primarily with their plus-ends-out, and their organization is characterized by stabilized microtubules proximally and a distinct arrangement of intermediate filaments and actin microstructures distally.
4040h agoThe thalamus directs the development of neural circuits in the cerebral cortex by controlling gene expression, neural activity, and cell organization.
4044h agoWomen who experience early menopause have weaker global brain activity and reduced connection to cerebrospinal fluid flow, which may contribute to memory decline and increased risk of dementia.
4044h agoA distinct population of prefrontal cortical neurons, called NAP neurons, are active during unconscious states such as NREM sleep and anesthesia and play a key role in controlling the transition from consciousness to unconsciousness.
4044h agoT cells infiltrate the brain after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, modulate microglial activation, and promote neuronal death, identifying them as key contributors to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage.
4044h agoNUAK1 regulates alternative splicing in developing cortical neurons by phosphorylating the splicing co-factor SON, which is crucial for neurodevelopment.
4068h agoA multipronged approach is needed to realize the potential of mental health AI applications, including representative AI datasets, research practices that address potential bias, stakeholder engagement, and equitable design practices.
4072h agoComputational psychiatry offers new insights into the future of mental health care by tackling key challenges such as privacy concerns and the ethical use of artificial intelligence.
4072h agoGamma, theta, and delta neural oscillations guide word recognition by providing temporal windows for integrating bottom-up input with top-down information.
4072h agoComputational psychiatry delivers causal evidence by focusing on interventions research and clinical trials, which could improve patient outcomes through better precision, repurposing, novel interventions, scaling of psychotherapy, and translation to the clinic.
4072h agoIntegrating computational methods with brain-based data helps improve diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized care in psychiatry by capturing individual neurobiological variation.
4072h agoLarge language models enhance psychotherapy through accessibility, personalization, and engagement by taking on different roles that vary in autonomy and emotional engagement.
4072h agoA flexible AI-based method compresses microscopy images while preserving critical details, supporting task-specific optimization and arbitrary-resolution decompression.
4072h agoDeveloping privacy-aware mental health AI systems requires balancing privacy risks with utility through a pipeline approach that includes solutions and evaluation frameworks.
4072h agoVagal nerve stimulation produces stronger effects on brain activity in older adults than in younger adults, with older adults showing increased pupil size and reduced responses to visual tasks.
4072h agoChanges in neural tuning are the primary driver of improved population representations in visual attention.
4072h agoSchizophrenia patients show reduced activation in brain networks associated with self-referential processing, specifically in the default mode network, compared to controls.
4072h agoNotch signaling in a subset of glial cells is essential for forming short-term memory and is modulated by dopaminergic signaling, which is disrupted by sleep deprivation.
4072h agoNATO3 gene transfer prevents dopamine neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease models by improving autophagic flux and clearing abnormal protein buildup.
4072h agoTheta oscillations coordinate the motor control that enables fluent speech by structuring sequential sensorimotor activations.
4072h agoPunishment drives faster updates of beliefs in uncertain environments, but does not lead to better outcomes, and distinct neural mechanisms underlie reward and punishment learning.
4072h agoHippocampal potassium dynamics show subregional modulation and circadian specificity, with the ventral hippocampus clearing potassium faster than the dorsal hippocampus.
4072h agoTissue-like neural models have a more complex protein makeup that closely resembles the human brain and are better suited for studying neuronal maturation and circuit assembly than simple cell lines.
4072h agoDopamine optimises not just cumulative rewards, but also a penalty for deviating from a default behavioural policy, which enables optimal learning, fast adaptation, and stable control in complex environments.
4072h agoThe brain recalibrates its sense of position and direction by adjusting its internal map to match external cues, and this process happens differently depending on whether the body is moving or still.
4072h agoLow-dose lipopolysaccharide preconditioning prevents social behavioral deficits caused by systemic inflammation through microglia-dependent mechanisms in mice.
4072h agoMutations in the U8 small nucleolar RNA cause leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts by differentially impairing U8 processing, activity, and stability.
4072h agoRapid cooling and elevated extracellular potassium can trigger a wave of neuronal hyperactivity called spreading depression in the brains of flies.
4072h agoLarp1 protein is essential for maintaining brain growth and function, and its loss leads to decreased brain mass, reduced neuron density, and severe impairments in spatial learning and memory.
4072h agoOlder hearing-impaired listeners have elevated thresholds for detecting spectro-temporal modulation, especially at higher spectral rates, and auditory models underestimate group differences and individual variability in these thresholds.
4072h agoInternal models help people make decisions in uncertain environments by filtering out irrelevant information and focusing on goal-relevant details, and this process is linked to changes in attention, neural representations, and brain activity.
4072h agoThe APPA673T mutation does not reduce tau pathology or behavioural deficits in mice that overexpress a form of tau associated with neurodegeneration.
4072h agoSaccades that are locked to alpha oscillations lead to better neural representation of visual information, which improves the formation of episodic memories.
4072h agoNeurabin regulates motor learning by limiting the function of glutamatergic synapses in direct-pathway medium spiny neurons in the striatum, particularly in male mice.
4072h agoChildren with Fragile X syndrome have impaired statistical learning, which affects their ability to extract patterns from sensory input and integrate syllables into word representations.
4072h agoNon-painful cool stimulation activates the somatosensory cortex in neonatal mice during the first week of life, and this processing is disrupted in a genetic model of autism.
4072h agoSevoflurane anesthesia causes neural activity in the posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex to transition between high-firing "Up" states and near-silent "Down" states, with deeper anesthesia extending Down states and suppressing mean firing rates.
4072h agoThe brain predicts what will happen next by combining high-level long-term expectations and low-level short-term information to smoothly navigate a changing world.
4076h agoThe physical properties of the brain, specifically viscoelasticity, highly impact the behavior of oligodendrocytes, with changes in stress-relaxation and shear moduli affecting their differentiation, branching ability, and metabolic activity.
4076h agoSinusoidal radiofrequency electromagnetic fields amplitude-modulated in the extremely low frequency range have inconsistent effects on neuronal activity, and protocol improvements are needed for more reliable results.
4076h agoSelective attention reshapes neural population geometry in a context- and category-dependent manner, with geometric changes closely reflecting behavior.
4076h agoAutism spectrum disorder is characterized by focal and idiosyncratic brain organization deviations that vary from person to person, with individuals showing extreme regional deviations that align with specific cortical hierarchies.
4076h agoMultivariate decoding analyses can be ambiguous when assessing neural representation stability over time, but a new approach based on the geometry of learned linear coefficients can provide a clearer understanding of how neural representations evolve in space and time.
4076h agoSpinal cord cell types are highly conserved across species during development but diverge in adults, particularly in the superficial dorsal spinal cord of mammals.
4076h agoBasal endfeet of radial glial cells contain a rich set of RNA transcripts, including a critical Dynein component, that regulate cell morphology and organization of neurons and glia.
4076h agoAdding musical cues to short-term visuomotor training increases grey matter in auditory areas and changes motor areas in young adults.
4076h agoBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) regulate the transport of signalling endosomes in motor neurons, but other neurotrophic factors have no effect.
4076h agoHyperactivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorder is marked by irregular activity patterns, increased activity during certain times, and associations with stress responses, which can be effectively replicated in a non-human primate model.
4080h agoMethylglyoxal regulates C-fibre activity-dependent slowing differently in males and females, and this regulation influences pain sensitivity to heat in males.
4080h agoA novel gel-plastic coupling device was developed to support double-blind protocols in low-intensity focused ultrasound studies by transmitting or blocking ultrasound energy while maintaining visual and tactile indistinguishability.
4084h agoMice with a specific genetic background develop severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease, and show related deficits in blood flow, metabolism, and small vessel morphology.
4092h agoCGRP neurons in the parabrachial nucleus consist of two distinct populations that are responsible for different stages of post-ingestive learning, one responding to appetitive signals during ingestion and the other to aversive visceral cues.
4092h agoA data-driven approach identifies neural biomarkers of risk-taking from brain recordings, achieving 68.5% accuracy in distinguishing between risk-taking and risk-avoidance behaviors.
4092h agoMitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ganglion cells triggers their degeneration through a process that involves both intrinsic cellular stress and extrinsic immune responses.
4092h agoInteroceptive attention increases activity in the bilateral dorsal mid-insula, especially in upper cortical layers, compared to exteroceptive attention.
4092h agoThe hypothalamus's subregions governing metabolism, stress, and circadian rhythms change in volume and gene expression during aging and Alzheimer's Disease, with specific cell types showing inflammatory and transcriptional alterations.
4092h agoRepeated exposure to irrelevant stimuli allows people to learn to suppress them by rapidly transforming their representation in the brain, enabling them to focus on relevant targets.
4092h agoThe Neural Response Function (NRF) models brain activity as a continuous function over anatomical space, allowing it to predict fMRI-measured brain responses to natural images more accurately and efficiently than conventional models.
4096h agoThe primate brain transforms complex visual scenes into coherent perceptual experiences by encoding and representing visual information through distributed neural populations in the ventral visual stream.
4096h agoThe cerebral cortex's responsiveness to stimulation depends on its state, and this relationship is outlined at different scales from cellular to macroscale levels.
4096h agoBrain-computer interfaces work better for post-stroke rehabilitation when patients imagine moving their affected hand instead of comparing left and right hand movements, and shorter training sessions produce better results.
4096h agoA method converts 24 channels of psychophysiologic data into 3D coordinates that estimate participation in specific tasks and cognitive states.
4096h agoTraveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of spatio-temporal activity patterns.
4096h agoLanguage experience reorganizes visual category representations in artificial neural networks, making them more distributed and semantically aligned.
4096h agoThe human social vision pathway encodes facial expressions and motion as deviations from a neutral expression prototype during natural social interactions.
4096h agoNeuroAI combines insights from brain function with artificial intelligence to design intelligent systems, and its central area, synthetic biological intelligence, integrates biological neural networks with engineered hardware and software.
4096h agoAxonal growth integrates guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations to navigate and connect to target cells.
4096h agoCoherence resonance and equilibrium states enhance population survival and environmental quality by tightly clustering cooperator groups in a three-state system.
4096h agoA physical system's ability to perform universal computation does not guarantee that it can support self-replicating objects, as shown by a constructed cellular automaton that is Turing-universal but cannot sustain non-trivial self-replication.
4096h agoTraveling waves of slow oscillations in the brain are modulated by adaptation mechanisms, specifically spike-frequency adaptation and hyperpolarization-activated currents, which affect the properties of spatio-temporal activity patterns.
4096h agoAdding stochastic resetting to chaotic dynamics causes the Lyapunov spectrum to abruptly collapse to zero above a critical resetting rate.
4096h agoA decoder for fault-tolerant error correction in topological codes operates without global control, achieving a memory lifetime that scales as a stretched exponential in the system size, with a threshold error rate of approximately 1.5%.
4096h agoModulating scattering lengths in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates creates transient Faraday patterns and spin textures with distinct characteristics depending on the modulation frequency and dimensionality.
4096h agoThe Walsh-quantized baker's maps typically have matrix element fluctuations that follow an asymptotically Gaussian distribution in the semiclassical limit, with variance determined by classical correlations, for all scaling factors except 4.
4096h agoElimination of a fast variable reduces the characterization of stochastic dynamics with small inertia to a single variable, providing a rigorous mathematical description for the overdamped limit and the overactive limit of active Brownian particles.
4096h agoIn a two-dimensional photonic lattice with Kerr nonlinearity, the interplay between self-trapping and directional propagation leads to position-dependent amplitude thresholds for wave localization.
4096h agoQuantum Hamiltonians with hopping terms determined by the weighted adjacency matrix of a balanced, symmetric, bipartite graph are Yang-Baxter integrable, admitting a set of mutually commuting operators.
4096h agoAxonal growth integrates guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations to navigate and connect to target cells.
4096h agoThe Riemann hierarchy's deformations that meet certain requirements are universal objects in the space of deformations, and its classification reveals links to other mathematical constructions.
4096h agoChaotic synchronization occurs in two coherently coupled dissipative time crystals, marked by a positive largest Lyapunov exponent and a Pearson correlation coefficient close to one.
4096h agoA machine learning approach improves the accuracy of encoding time-series data in physical reservoir computing by optimizing the operation conditions of thin-film transistors.
4096h agoThe SCS neural model exhibits a richer phase diagram with four regimes, including quiescent, asynchronous chaos, persistent-activity, and synchronous-chaotic phases, when its balanced positive and negative couplings are broken.
4096h agoMany-body localization and spectra in non-Hermitian many-body systems show a coexistence of static and dynamic spectral real-complex phase transitions and many-body ergodic-localized phase transitions.
4096h agoExposed surfaces in systems of randomly placed impermeable grains change from sheaths around clusters of particles to tunnels through the system at a density threshold intermediate between the low and high density boundaries of percolating surfaces.
4096h agoMachine learning model learnability marks phase transitions in the two-dimensional Ising model, with ordered phases showing enhanced learnability and disordered phases resisting learning.
4096h agoEntanglement entropy growth in non-ergodic systems shows a non-monotonic dependence on initial entanglement, peaking for moderately entangled initial states.
4096h agoA block-diagonal quantum geometric tensor improves the optimization of neural quantum states by preserving essential curvature, removing noisy correlations, and enabling faster convergence and lower energy.
4096h agoGlassiness in physics obstructs stable quantum algorithms for Gibbs sampling, causing them to fail in capturing a structural phase transition in the Gibbs state.
4096h agoA hybrid Molecular Dynamics and Variance-Constrained Semi-Grand Canonical approach enables the generation of metallic glass samples with realistic properties at supercooled states, enhancing relaxation and modeling of complex metallic glasses.
4096h agoThe Derrida's Generalized Random Energy Model can be interpreted as a random numerical base, linking number theory and kernel theory through a kernel representation of the Primon gas.
4096h agoThe study finds that a quasi-static approximation captures the imaginary-time dependence of order parameters in quantum spin glass models, and estimates critical transverse field values for several models.
4096h agoA new class of generative models unifies flow-based and diffusion-based methods by using stochastic interpolants to bridge any two probability density functions exactly in finite time.
4096h agoThe melting of silver iodide in two dimensions proceeds through a hexatic phase with both continuous and discontinuous transitions.
4096h agoTopological invariants, such as Chern and winding numbers, can be defined in real space using the local Chern marker and spectral localizer invariant, and these definitions are equivalent.
4096h agoLocal measurements can generate volume-law entangled states between different parts of a system purely through non-unitary measurement dynamics.
4096h agoThe hippocampus and subcortical nuclei communicate in a state-dependent, bidirectional way, with top-down hippocampal output dominating during quiescent states and bottom-up subcortical modulation dominating during activated states.
4096h agoWild-caught prairie voles have better hearing than laboratory-reared ones, with lower hearing thresholds at several frequencies, and differences in brain response to sound.
4096h agoThe method of brain slice preparation affects the quality of the brain slice, with transcardial perfusion and sucrose artificial cerebrospinal fluid producing the optimal preparation by preserving inhibitory GABAergic neurons.
4100h agoAuditory information heavily controls the activity of neurons that produce neuropeptide S, which are involved in circadian function and threat responses.
4100h agoSample sizes of around 500 are needed to obtain replicable results in brain-behaviour analyses, but targeting specific subpopulations can reduce the required sample size to much fewer.
4100h agoNeuronal TRPM2 acts as a pain sensor that directly transduces acute and chronic pain independently of inflammation.
4100h agoThe dominant limb performs better in motor skill tasks mainly because of life-long practice with that side, not due to an intrinsic advantage in the controlling hemisphere of the brain.
4100h agoGLP-1R agonist semaglutide suppresses voluntary activity in mice by decreasing motivation, and changes dopamine dynamics in the nucleus accumbens.
4100h agoA transformer-based model consistently localizes brain activity more accurately than other approaches, even in noisy EEG data with varied source region densities and electrode configurations.
4104h agoPeople use two distinct strategies to gather information when making decisions: they either test one option several times before switching, or sample where uncertainty is greatest, and both strategies improve decision accuracy.
4104h agoHippocampal neuron numbers do not limit spatial navigation in the wild, and their diversity across mammals arises from clade-specific scaling of cortical neurons, not from navigational demands.
4104h agoA mutation in the Nckx30c gene disrupts calcium homeostasis, leading to temperature-sensitive convulsions, neurodegeneration, and a shortened lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster.
4104h agoThe posterior part of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex supports inferring the current value of options, while the anterior part supports learning of stimulus-outcome associations.
4104h agoThe control of upper limb movements involves selectively controlling some joints, with proximal joints like the shoulder and elbow regulating the task space and distal joints like the wrist regulating joint redundancy.
4104h agoTraumatic brain injury disrupts astrocyte calcium dynamics, impairs mitochondrial function, and alters gene expression in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes.
4104h agoIncreased cortical myelination in right frontal brain areas is linked to value-free random exploration, a key factor in individual differences in decision-making strategies.
4104h agoThe connectome of the male Drosophila central nervous system reveals that sex-specific and dimorphic neurons are concentrated in higher brain centres, with male-specific connections organised into hotspots that control opposing behaviours.
4104h agoBlocking p75NTR function in certain brain cells reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms and pathology, even when done at advanced disease stages.
4104h agoInfants who died from SIDS have increased activity of Hypocretin/Orexin neurons, especially those aged 2-6 months, while Histamine neurons do not appear to be involved.
4108h agoCannabis use is associated with higher psychosis symptoms, and lower glutamate levels in the brain are linked to more severe symptoms in cannabis users.
4108h agoThe inferior temporal cortex encodes information for both object recognition and image memorability, which rely on partly independent dimensions of representation.
4108h agoImbalances in neuronal excitatory and inhibitory functions are linked to cognitive performance and decline in Alzheimer's disease through neuropathological burden and specific genes and proteins.
4108h agoCentral NLRP3 inhibition leads to sustained weight loss in obese mice by reducing food intake and hypothalamic neuroinflammation, and enhances the effects of the obesity treatment semaglutide.
4108h agoThe Dream2Image dataset combines EEG signals, dream transcriptions, and AI-generated images to provide a new resource for studying the neural correlates of dreaming and decoding dreams from brain activity.
4120h agoA model called Consciousness as Entropy Reduction proposes that consciousness works by simulating the outside world through an internal model, allowing for economical problem-solving and adaptability.
4120h agoEEG data shows that brain activity becomes more similar to the pattern of a random event sequence as people learn to predict the sequence.
4120h agoDiffusion-based renormalization helps model the dynamics of neural systems across multiple scales by generating symmetry-breaking representations and offering scalable algorithms.
4120h agoHidden hearing loss disrupts auditory coding, and speech with rapid and dense sounds is best for detecting this condition.
4120h agoThe intensity of spontaneous neural activity in white matter, measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, is more sensitive to functional variability than traditional functional connectivity, and shows a spatial gradient ascending from the brainstem to the cortex.
4120h agoMainen and Sejnowski's 1995 paper introduced reliability and precision measures that led to new methods for analyzing spike trains, including measures of synchrony, direction, and time-scale independence.
4120h agoCombining representations from large language models, video encoders, audio models, and vision-language models predicts fMRI brain responses to movie stimuli.
4120h agoTiny variations in initial conditions of Navier-Stokes equations can lead to huge differences in spatiotemporal trajectory, flow symmetry, and statistics, suggesting that Navier-Stokes turbulence might be an ultra-chaos.
4120h agoThe coupling between light and matter in a planar waveguide causes transverse instability in two-component solitons, leading to different patterns such as high-intensity spots or vortex-antivortex pairs.
4120h agoA numerical solution using a Crank-Nicolson scheme solves the Korteweg-de Vries equation, and its performance compares to the Fast Fourier Transform method.
4120h agoPrejudice drives persistent polarization in public opinion on environmental issues, and reducing it or increasing openness to opposing views can help decrease polarization.
4120h agoThe representation theory of infinite-dimensional quantum groups connects with cluster categorification and quantum integrable models.
4120h agoFermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-like recurrence occurs in weakly damped, periodically driven alpha-FPUT chains, where energy is exchanged among a few low-frequency modes over long timescales.
4120h agoSoliton and breather interactions in the integrable discrete Manakov system result in changes to their forms and polarizations, with fundamental solitons turning into breathers, and breathers interacting with shifts in polarization or producing solitons and breathers.
4120h agoDeveloping data-driven models that capture responses to external perturbations requires identifying proper variables to model and accurate stochastic parameterizations of unresolved processes.
4120h agoReflection maps on geometrical objects are smoothly conjugate to the composite of permutation maps with corresponding reduced Yang-Baxter maps.
4120h agoThe universal limiting correlation kernels of the Muttalib-Borodin ensembles with integer parameter $\theta \geq 2$ are found at $0$ in the transitive regime between the hard edge and soft edge regimes.
4120h agoThe number of equilibrium states in networked systems of coordinating and anti-coordinating individuals can be extremely large and increases exponentially with minor alterations to the network structure.
4120h agoNon-topological solitons in two-dimensional conformal field theory have a trivial spectrum of linear perturbations with only symmetry-related zero modes.
4120h agoRelativistic corrections are important for studying the stability of 2D non-topological solitons with quartic self-interaction, and their violation of conformal symmetry leads to exponentially growing modes.
4120h agoThe transmission lines made of nonlinear inductors and capacitors can produce shock waves with constant voltage and current values before and after the wave front, and these shock waves can be analytic solutions with strong dissipation or dispersive waves with weak dissipation.
4120h agoAnalog optical computing can overcome limitations on computational efficiency in optimization problems by using a photonic optimizer unit with in-memory computation and a multi-agent cooperative framework.
4120h agoRGFlow, a deep neural network-based framework, learns real-space renormalization group transformations from data and identifies critical points and exponents in scalar field theories.
4120h agoA novel mechanism, called exceptional-bound band engineering, allows topological transitions in non-Hermitian systems to be controlled by the system size.
4120h agoHigher effective dimension in quantum neural networks results in better trainability and performance when the model is unbiased towards the function to be learned, but lower effective dimension is beneficial during training when the model is biased.
4120h agoDiffusion codes, constructed by acting on a graph with a random SWAP network, can achieve a tradeoff between randomness and locality, and codes defined on a cycle graph with a deep enough SWAP network are almost surely lossless vertex expanders with bounded degree and small stabilizer size.
4120h agoThe study generalizes exponential random graphs to include interactions between links, and finds that pairwise interactions allow for a closed-form renormalization group transformation, while higher interactions do not.
4120h agoThe Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain with random fields has a two-parameter flow with a line of fixed points, indicating a many-body localized phase that terminates at the localization transition critical point.
4120h agoMachine learning techniques can aid the simulation of hard-to-sample systems, and a complete analytic study of Sequential Tempering applied to a shallow MADE architecture provides a clear theoretical basis for its integration into Monte Carlo sampling and optimization.
4120h agoChildren's ability to throw improves with age due to reorganization of muscle coordination, not an increase in the number of muscle groups used.
4120h agoNovel compounds targeting the serotonin type 4 receptor reduce stress-induced maladaptive behaviors in mice when given before or after stress.
4120h agoCognitive disturbance and movement disorder independently cause hyposmia, and having both leads to severe hyposmia, through distinct processes involving atrophy in the medial temporal lobe and olfactory bulb.
4124h agoDifferences in microvasculature between mice and humans influence the hemodynamic response, leading to observable differences in timing, including a delayed fMRI response peak in humans compared to mice.
4124h agoAUTS2 plays a central role in human neurodevelopment by regulating gene expression, and its disruption leads to intellectual disability, microcephaly, and autistic behavior through impaired Wnt signaling.
4124h agoOscillatory tDCS produced the largest effects on brain network states, reorganizing them in a unique way that combined the influences of constant and oscillatory current waveforms.
4124h agoDirectly modulating movement-related beta event-related synchronization with a novel stimulation approach improves retention of motor adaptation and establishes a causal link between this neural activity and motor behavior.
4124h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances attention by boosting the brain's response to new situations, leading to faster reaction times, more consistent responses, and better focus.
4124h agoSleep deprivation impairs the ability to distinguish between similar stimuli in brain, by disrupting specific neural connections and activity, through a mechanism involving certain potassium channels.
4124h agoGeneralizable articulatory features can be extracted from a group of speakers and used to reconstruct articulatory features from brain data of able-bodied individuals with high accuracy.
4124h agoElevated parathyroid hormone levels affect behavior and metabolism through the central nervous system, influencing locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and energy expenditure.
4124h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder show different responses to natural reward cues, with some being more responsive and others less responsive, which may reflect changes in natural reward processing.
4124h agoIndividuals with 22q11.2 deletion have reduced cerebellar volumes, while those with 22q11.2 duplication have modest and variable cerebellar alterations, and both conditions affect cerebellar structure but with distinct functional consequences.
4128h agoAcetaminophen exposure at therapeutic concentrations has modest effects on transcription, but does not alter growth, structure, or function of developing cortical organoids.
4128h agoIncorporating certain pollutants into neuronal membranes can theoretically lead to epileptic activity by increasing membrane micro-viscosity, which in turn can generate abnormal electrical discharges.
4128h agoThe insertion of a retrotransposon within the TAF1 gene leads to X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism (XDP) by causing oligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelin loss.
4132h agoMicroglia in Alzheimer's disease mice show early changes in structure and activation, with males and females having different microglia responses in certain brain areas before plaque deposition occurs.
4132h agoA novel multi-camera array scanner parallelizes imaging through 48 objective lenses and sensors, reducing acquisition times by 95% compared to commercial imagers, and improves efficiency for measuring organoid growth rates and responses to treatments.
4132h agoThe development of habitual cocaine-seeking behavior is not associated with changes in postsynaptic strength of D2 medium spiny neurons in the dorsolateral striatum.
4136h agoBasic linear machine learning models can effectively classify brain states with state-of-the-art accuracy, particularly for motor functions and language processing, by identifying distinct brain regions associated with specific cognitive functions.
4140h agoThe cerebral cortex displays different activity patterns that change over time depending on the brain state, and these states range from sleep and wakefulness to states caused by drugs or pathological conditions.
4140h agoA tensor-based method provides identifiability guarantees for learning mixtures of linear dynamical systems and, when combined with EM updates, offers a reliable approach to modeling complex neural data.
4140h agoOptimal transport provides a more effective way to align brain signals with stimulus signals, enabling more precise matching and state-of-the-art performance in brain signal decoding.
4140h agoThe perception of audiovisual motion is dominated by vision and is shaped by top-down attention, with visual motion direction estimates being more reliable than auditory ones and audiovisual estimates being superior to either modality alone.
4140h agoA computational model of visual attention predicts eye gaze and manual responses in virtual reality, bridging the gap between restricted desktop search tasks and real-world search behaviors.
4140h agoGABA disperses rapidly from release sites via diffusion and accumulates in the extracellular space, where it takes hundreds of milliseconds for transporters to remove it, allowing it to activate and desensitize nearby receptors.
4140h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregation in the appendix is linked to synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease, and may contribute to their development through dysregulated protein folding, immune responses, and ciliary dynamics.
4140h agoSuppressing the phototransduction cascade in cone cells abolishes Off-pathway signaling, reduces high-frequency visual sensitivity, and alters how retinal ganglion cells respond to visual stimuli.
4140h agoRecurrent attractor networks in the fly navigation center combine stability and rapid switching through a mechanism of slow excitation and fast inhibition, allowing the network to act as a gate for writing measurements to memory.
4140h agoThe locus coeruleus helps drive negative biases in attention by changing brain responses to angry faces, but not happy faces, when a person is more alert.
4140h agoHigher-order interactions in networked systems lead to new phenomena that emerge when nonpairwise interactions are considered.
4144h agoThe theory of integrable systems with symmetries focuses on toric and semitoric systems, which are classified using decorated polygons.
4144h agoFrequency-weighted interactions drive three distinct collective states in a model of one-dimensional swarmalators, specifically an asynchronous state, a phase-wave state, and a bistrip mixed state.
4144h agoSelf-reproduction in growing-dividing autocatalytic systems emerges when the system's growth dynamics and division strategy are mutually compatible.
4144h agoThe topological Kuramoto model exhibits multistability, with the number of coexisting stable states determined by winding number constraints on cell complexes such as rings, Platonic solids, and simplexes.
4144h agoHeterogeneity and diffusion in oscillatory media convert degenerate cluster dynamics into robust pattern selection through frequency entrainment and amplitude adaptation.
4144h agoA new algorithm uses synchronization to efficiently tune climate models, reducing errors in climatology by optimizing internal model parameters and ensemble weights.
4144h agoKinks with long-range tails on both sides exhibit resonance windows through an energy exchange mechanism that occurs via the excitation of quasinormal modes.
4144h agoTrader beliefs with inequality or asymmetry affect price dynamics in a binary asset market, with market bubbles emerging when powerful traders have outsize influence and inter-agent communication is allowed.
4144h agoThe Koopman operator framework reveals that computational properties of dynamical systems are reflected in operator spectra, invariant subspaces, and algebraic structures.
4144h agoThe behavior of groups changes abruptly at certain critical numbers of individuals, which often arise from competing feedbacks that scale differently with group size.
4144h agoKP solitons are expressed as singular limits of shifted Riemann theta functions and are obtained by degenerating finite-gap solutions associated with Schottky groups.
4144h agoPolygonal dynamics systems tend to have generic orbits that collapse towards a predictable point.
4144h agoNonlinear transmission lines with dissipative elements can produce shock waves with constant voltage and current values before and after the wave front.
4144h agoHigher-order interactions in networked systems lead to new phenomena that emerge when nonpairwise interactions are considered.
4144h agoDeep convolutional neural networks have lower disorder and more ordered behavior than expected, with their associated graphs showing proximity to structural balance.
4144h agoDisordered quantum codes, called "cored product codes", can exist in three dimensions and show increasing memory lifetime with system size below a critical temperature.
4144h agoA model glass retains a memory of the amplitude of random shearing sequences used during training, which can be retrieved through different read-out protocols.
4144h agoSpintronics enables energy-efficient neuromorphic computing by integrating synapses and neurons into a single platform with field-free spin orbit torque control, allowing for programmable synaptic weights and stochastic neurons.
4144h agoAnalytical expressions estimate the critical properties of inhomogeneous Ising models with ferromagnetic interactions.
4144h agoDeep neural networks learn by exploiting the underlying latent structure in data, which is made possible by the locality and compositionality of data, tasks, and deep learning representations.
4144h agoSensory information biases perceptual judgments when detecting visual changes after eye movements, and a computational model can account for these biases and individual differences in visual perception.
4148h agoMitoxantrone hydrochloride stops the progression of Parkinson's disease by suppressing protein accumulation and neuron loss, and reversing motor deficits in mouse models.
4148h agoFetal alcohol spectrum disorders show altered brain development, which can be measured by a new imaging technique called magnetic resonance elastography that detects changes in brain tissue, and early alcohol exposure affects brain stiffness in juvenile rats.
4148h agoMicroglia transplanted into the brain can spread widely, produce a therapeutic protein, and functionally integrate with the host brain, and expressing a constitutively active CSF1R mutant helps them outcompete host cells.
4148h agoAn expanded G4C2 repeat in the C9orf72 gene causes neurodegenerative effects in glial cells, leading to cell-intrinsic toxicity, activation of an endogenous retrovirus, and non-cell autonomous effects that harm nearby neurons.
4148h agoMotor activity helps people perceive music by predicting the timing of notes, and this prediction happens at the single-note level after just a short period of training.
4148h agoAbsence seizures impair signals in the anterior insular cortex, disrupting auditory conscious awareness, while leaving primary auditory cortex responses intact.
4148h agoThe larvae of Nematostella vectensis use a constant ciliary sensory-motor system and gradually developing sensory and neuronal structures to integrate internal and external information and adjust their swimming behavior for efficient dispersal.
4148h agoChronic pain changes the activity of specific brain cells and their connections, leading to distinct changes in the brain's sensorimotor integration over time, with different cell types contributing to different stages of pain.
4148h agoThe brain accesses stored knowledge through a process similar to foraging in physical space, with the hippocampus playing a key role in navigating semantic memory.
4148h agoThe risk of punishment changes the activity of neurons in the basolateral amygdala, which helps animals switch their choices to avoid risk and adapt to changing situations.
4148h agoPhosphatase PP2A dephosphorylates LRRK2 to reduce its kinase activity, while LRRK2 in turn phosphorylates and inhibits PP2A, creating a regulatory feedback loop that may contribute to Parkinson's disease.
4148h agoThe brain predicts the future position of a moving object based on its motion history, with longer motion sequences leading to more accurate localization, and this effect is spatially confined to each half of the visual field.
4148h agoBone conduction parallel auditory brainstem responses are feasible and produce similar waveforms to air conduction responses, with clear responses and similar residual noise for both transducers.
4148h agoThe hippocampus plays a key role in working memory when the memory load exceeds capacity, with different parts of the hippocampus contributing to different types of memory and strategy.
4148h agoParkinsonism-Dementia Complex researchers create a human model using patient-derived stem cells to study the disease and its links to environmental and genetic factors.
4148h agoNeuromodulators serotonin and acetylcholine modulate the M-current in primary motoneurons of larval zebrafish in an age-dependent manner, influencing repetitive firing.
4148h agoSerotonin imbalance affects the number of neurons producing neuropeptide Y in the amygdala, which may contribute to anxiety-like behavior.
4148h agoLepRHypo neurons have 39 distinct subtypes with unique molecular signatures and regulatory elements that may influence energy balance and obesity susceptibility.
4148h agoThe neocortex can rapidly learn new information, even without prior knowledge, and changes occur in specific areas of the brain depending on the type of learning.
4148h agoRepetitive magnetic stimulation reduces inflammation, demyelination, and long-term disabilities in a mouse model of spinal cord injury, with effects varying by sex and timing of treatment.
4148h agoThe brain's ability to recombine existing knowledge in new ways depends on interactions between cortical and cerebellar regions, with specialised components supporting specific processes and a distributed network enabling general recombination.
4148h agoAlcohol consumption changes the expression of specific genes in the nervous system that may contribute to the development of painful peripheral neuropathy.
4148h agoThe TI-Toolbox, an open-source software platform, integrates neuroimaging tools and specialized algorithms to automate the complete temporal interference research pipeline, from data preprocessing to electric field analysis.
4148h agoAdults learning a foreign language can make rapid behavioral improvements with training, and short-term training induces gains in language skills and neural changes.
4148h agoBrain activity can reconstruct sound properties of speech, including spectral descriptors beyond the amplitude envelope, with linear decoders performing as well as non-linear decoders in capturing the EEG response to speech.
4148h agoA specific type of taste receptor helps animals avoid excessive sodium intake by detecting high sodium levels and this receptor's sensitivity to sodium is adjusted based on the animal's internal state of sodium need or satiety.
4148h agoDisulfide bonds in the GluN1 subunit are essential for normal trafficking and function of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, and their disruption alters receptor properties and increases excitotoxicity.
4148h agoTemperature and pH changes affect the excitability of stomach muscles in crabs, and two-pore domain potassium channels help stabilize muscle function despite these environmental fluctuations.
4148h agoThe ventral tegmental area's GABA cells can undergo two types of plasticity, iLTP and iLTD, which are input-specific and differently affected by cocaine, impacting reward processing and potential therapeutic targets for drug dependence.
4152h agoA new biosensor called hpGRISZ directly measures zinc transients in the brain, revealing zinc dynamics across different brain regions and neuronal circuits.
4152h agoChronic neuropathic pain causes a selective deficit in mesolimbic dopamine neurons, impairing their ability to sustain burst firing, which leads to motivational deficits.
4152h agoBrief periods of cortical silence, marked by slow waves, punctuate everyday actions and occur more frequently during active smartphone use than during rest.
4152h agoApathy in neurological disease is linked to reduced precision of prior beliefs about action outcomes, which is associated with lower GABAergic gain in prefrontal neurons.
4152h agoNeurons with higher Fos expression are more likely to become place cells in new environments and maintain stable encoding of environmental boundaries.
4152h agoColour information is robustly decodable from EEG signals recorded during natural vision and combining colour and object information improves neural decoding performance.
4152h agoCnpy1, a protein exclusively expressed in the ER of Go neurons, is essential for their survival and signaling, and its deletion leads to reduced male-male aggressive behavior.
4152h agoHuman brains construct distinct and stable global rankings from few-shot learning of partial comparisons, even when based on identical information.
4152h agoIndividual neuron activity in the mouse gustatory cortex plays a crucial role in population dynamics and behavioral performance during decision-making by representing sensory information, perception, and decisions through linear and categorical activity patterns.
4152h agoA memristor-based hardware system accelerates genomic analysis of pathogenic viruses by a factor of 51 while reducing energy consumption to 0.2% of conventional methods.
4156h agoImpaired myelopoiesis and monocyte development limit the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the brain, contributing to Alzheimer's disease progression.
4156h agoThe Generalized Eigenvalue De-Artifacting Instrument (GEDAI) algorithm effectively denoises highly contaminated EEG recordings by selectively removing noise and artifacts, outperforming existing techniques in simulations and enhancing neurobehavioral predictions.
4160h agoConstraining gait rhythm with a metronome reduces long-range autocorrelations in stride durations, and removing the metronome allows these autocorrelations to recover.
4160h agoDistinct classes of pallidal neurons modulate striatal circuits through complementary pathways, with FoxP2-expressing neurons primarily targeting indirect pathway spiny projection neurons and cholinergic interneurons, and Nkx2-1-expressing neurons preferentially innervating parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing interneurons.
4160h agoThe auditory system's maturation follows different patterns for low and high frequency speech sounds from childhood to early adulthood, and these patterns relate to speech understanding.
4160h agoAge-related decline damages dopamine inputs to the lateral entorhinal cortex, which may contribute to memory impairments in aging.
4160h agoQT-NIRS channel pruning method produces higher signal-to-noise ratio than CV pruning in infant fNIRS data while retaining similar amounts of data.
4160h agoAstrocytes in the auditory cortex exhibit feature-selective receptive fields, encoding diverse sensory features that partially overlap with, but are not identical to, those encoded by neurons.
4160h agoAggression recruits specific brain networks, with males showing broad strengthening of connections between cortex, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and females showing targeted changes in sensory and arousal networks.
4160h agoThe subplate's thickness, surface area, and volume change with gestational age and vary by region, with distinct growth patterns and asymmetries that may serve as early biomarkers for later cortical development and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
4160h agoThe basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons distinctly respond to social and food rewards, with different response profiles in males and females, and their activity is influenced by internal state and reward omission.
4160h agoLarger surface area in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and other regions, including the orbitofrontal and temporal cortices, predicts higher intelligence, and higher intelligence also contributes to increased surface area in certain areas.
4160h agoThe neural grid code changes to match behavioral goals at context transitions, but rapid adaptation of behavior is more closely related to representations of target identity and location in other brain areas.
4160h agoNeto limits the presynaptic accumulation and function of KaiR1D autoreceptors, modulates their gating properties, and promotes neurotransmitter release.
4160h agoHypoperfusion worsens amyloid-induced damage to brain endothelial cells, leading to increased cell death, barrier instability, inflammation, and impaired angiogenesis.
4160h agoA novel cognitive architecture uses local learning rules to structure episodic memories into cognitive maps, enabling artificial agents to learn and organize memories in a biologically plausible way.
4168h agoMemristors help model synaptic connections in neural networks by mimicking synaptic plasticity and memory effects.
4168h agoA novel atlas-free brain network transformer approach produces more precise, robust, and generalizable brain network analyses than traditional atlas-based methods by leveraging individualized brain parcellations from subject-specific fMRI data.
4168h agoThe Centaur model of human behavior is a path towards a unified model of behavior without cognition, rather than a unified theory of cognition.
4168h agoBrain stimulation of higher-level visual areas can evoke complex object representations, and a new computational framework guides this stimulation to reliably produce object-level percepts.
4168h agoA minimal agent-based model reproduces larval zebrafish hunting behaviors, including eye pursuit and approach trajectories, by balancing energetic costs with sensory benefits.
4168h agoConsciousness exists when substrate units have cause-effect power, allowing them to ensure a range of possible states and increase the probability of a specific state.
4168h agoIntegrated information increases during belief updating when sensory inputs are most informative, and it correlates with Bayesian surprise, not with model efficiency.
4168h agoA novel reconstruction framework estimates effective heterogeneity and asymmetric network connections from neural activity, revealing how local heterogeneity and excitatory-inhibitory interactions impact directionality estimation.
4168h agoThe human mind represents probability through rational inference over noisy neural encoding, which accurately explains people's behavior in uncertain situations.
4168h agoGraphical domination theorems ensure that removing dominated nodes from a network does not change its fixed points, and result in a unique final graph.
4168h agoA neural network model using LSTM and attention mechanism can correct errors in multi-class classification of face images with unbalanced samples, particularly for rare classes.
4168h agoA new method for audio feature extraction produces more interpretable representations and outperforms a top existing method in reconstruction fidelity and perceptual quality.
4168h agoImagination helps access an internal world model, and analysis of this model differs between humans and large language models.
4168h agoEEG data, even when anonymous, can reveal personal health information, including disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, Parkinson's disease, and sleep disorders.
4168h agoIncorporating foveated retinotopy into deep neural networks improves their robustness to scale and rotational perturbations in image classification tasks and provides an efficient solution to object localization.
4168h agoThe Product Feedback Alignment algorithm eliminates the need for precise weight symmetry in neural networks, allowing it to closely approximate backpropagation and achieve comparable performance in deep convolutional networks.
4168h agoThe study constructs several matrix Lax pairs for ${\rm q-P_{\rm VI}}$ that remain valid when the two eigenvalues of the residue of the monodromy matrix at infinity are equal.
4168h agoThe asymmetric rational reductions of the 2D-Toda hierarchy have local bihamiltonian structures, which relate to a three-dimensional generalized Frobenius manifold and other hierarchies via linear reciprocal and Miura-type transformations.
4168h agoSoliton gases occur naturally in the deep ocean, specifically in Taiwan waters, as shown by eleven rare sea state measurements with extremely high soliton energy ratios.
4168h agoA system of coupled oscillators with stick-slip vibrations can exhibit two-dimensional stick-slip phenomena and predominantly periodic dynamics, and can also synchronize to oscillate in phase or in counterphase.
4168h agoPT symmetry causes quasi-integrability in deformed integrable models, ensuring conservation of quasi-conserved charges and specific properties of the Lax pair.
4168h agoA novel framework combining machine learning models enhances prediction accuracy and design optimization for photonic integrated circuits, reducing errors in parameter prediction and autonomously discovering a new geometry with improved performance.
4168h agoThe diversity of interaction networks helps explain the emergence of cooperation among interacting agents, and the process of reevaluating interaction groups facilitates this emergence, but frequent switching of neighborhoods has a negative impact.
4168h agoBound states form between dark-antidark solitary waves in two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates due to periodic modulations of the inter-soliton potential and spatial spin-density oscillations.
4168h agoExcluded-volume interactions between bubbles have a strong influence on the dynamics of bubbles in turbulent flows, particularly at high bubble concentrations.
4168h agoMachine learning models for weather forecasting improve long-term forecast skill and physical realism when trained with a weak-constraint four-dimensional variational data assimilation approach that accounts for reanalysis error and multivariate dependencies.
4168h agoA consistent kinetic modeling and discretization strategy ensures accurate recovery of the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations for compressible flows across all Prandtl numbers and specific heat ratios.
4168h agoSphalerons in nonlinear Klein-Gordon models evolve into accelerating kink-antikink pairs that approach the speed of light and exhibit energy concentration at their flanks.
4168h agoThe KP soliton solutions are classified under Gel'fand-Dickey ℓ-reductions using permutation of the symmetric group.
4168h agoA method using group theory determines the equivalence classes of rules for one-dimensional cellular automata under symmetry operations of reflection and permutation.
4168h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
4168h agoA combination of a lattice potential and an inverted cubic-quintic nonlinearity sustains stable one- and two-dimensional solitons in the semi-infinite bandgap.
4168h agoThe spectral form factor is constrained by self-correlation and two-point correlations, which can affect its use as a probe for ergodicity in quantum systems.
4168h agoStarting from certain functional relations, a linear integral equation can be derived that leads to a classical Lax pair, which describes the connection between quantum integrable theories and classical differential equations.
4168h agoAdding flavours of matter to gauge theory does not change the correspondence between statistical field theory quantities and periods of deformed gauge theory, and this correspondence also leads to a new non-perturbative solution for quasinormal modes of black branes and holes.
4168h agoSymmetry properties of partial differential equations can be expanded by constructing nonlocally related PDE systems, which leads to new analytical solutions.
4168h agoNonreciprocal interactions within a single species lead to rich dynamics of pattern formation, including the emergence of self-traveling states and unique structures such as interwoven "yarn" patterns, due to the interplay between nonreciprocity and competition of interparticle forces.
4168h agoThe 3D stationary flow of a weakly conducting fluid in a cubic cavity driven by the Lorentz force creates efficient mixing through chaotic streamlines formed by the superposition of recirculation cells.
4168h agoThe conditional Gaussian nonlinear system exhibits strong nonlinearity and non-Gaussian characteristics, and its conditional statistics can be analytically calculated over time.
4168h agoThe Lie algebra of symmetries generated by the left-moving current in a 2D single scalar conformal field theory is infinite dimensional and has mutually commuting subalgebras that define integrable deformations preserving the Poisson bracket structure.
4168h agoThe TTW system has a hidden algebra $g^{(k)}$ with the Hamiltonian and integrals forming a polynomial algebra of integrals that is a subalgebra of $g^{(k)}$.
4168h agoOut-of-time order correlators reveal distinct scrambling behavior in chaotic Hamiltonians, and analysis of atom-field and spin-spin interaction models shows non-Markovian behavior and patterns of scrambling.
4168h agoSome magnetic monopole solutions have a new internal degree of freedom that controls their energy density profile while keeping their total energy constant.
4168h agoIn-context learning operates through statistical fluctuations in pre-training data that induce implicit regularization, leading to a phase transition in generalization error based on task structure.
4168h agoA mean field approximation accurately describes interactions and quasiperiodicity in quasiperiodic moiré systems, capturing multifractal critical states and producing a quasifractal charge density wave in the critical regime.
4168h agoDense particle assemblies undergo a dynamical phase transition to a chaotic steady state when driven by non-reciprocal pairwise forces above a critical amplitude.
4168h agoThe entanglement spectra of many-body localized eigenstates follow Gumbel statistics, and their physical information is largely carried by the few smallest elements.
4168h agoThe spectral form factor is constrained by self-correlation and two-point correlations, which can affect its use as a probe for ergodicity in quantum systems.
4168h agoThe Perona-Malik algorithm for image processing maximizes the Gravity from Entropy action, which relates to the connection between geometry and information theory, and preserves complex structures in images.
4168h agoThe critical dynamics of the Kob-Andersen model of supercooled liquids on the Bethe lattice are governed by equations of motion equivalent to those found in Mode-Coupling Theory.
4168h agoThe quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with a fast algorithm that costs $N^3$, reaching close to the known ground state energy of -0.763166726.
4168h agoThe replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models is revised to handle unknown or complex data-generating distributions by using a variational Gaussian approximation, which connects with information criteria from mathematical statistics and learning theory.
4168h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the integer quantum Hall effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
4168h agoNonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes having significant effects on degree and percolation measures. I rewrote your sentence. Here is the updated version. Nonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes affecting degree and percolation measures. I removed the adverb significant. Here is the final version. Nonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in directed networks, with different link probabilities between nodes affecting degree and percolation measures. Since the sentence was already quite short and readable, I made minimal changes. I changed "having significant effects" to "affecting" to use a simple verb and removed the adverb "significant".
4168h agoThe mediodorsal thalamus subnuclei have different HCN channel activities, which affect their intrinsic oscillatory dynamics and information processing.
4168h agoMammalian BK channels have a higher unitary conductance and are more efficiently activated by calcium, producing a stronger potassium current that enables more precise spike timing.
4168h agoThe thalamic reticular nucleus uses a dual inhibitory architecture, with local circuits providing spatially selective inhibition and pallidal inputs delivering diffuse inhibition, to control which thalamic signals reach the cortex.
4168h agoThe hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex develop shared spatial representations after learning, with the hippocampus leading the medial prefrontal cortex in this process.
4168h agoGestational age and birth weight are strongly linked to white matter organization in children aged 8-10 years, while head circumference has limited association.
4172h agoThe brain can learn by adjusting the excitability of each neuron, rather than just changing connections between them, allowing it to perform many tasks and switch between them without forgetting previous learning.
4172h agoKetamine increases pleasurable experiences by enhancing the brain's redundant information processes, allowing it to better represent and access internal information, which in turn amplifies the pleasurable experience.
4172h agoA specific microRNA-inflammatory axis connects the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease, depressive disorder, and gut dysfunction, driving a shared inflammatory cascade along the gut-brain axis.
4172h agoIncreased histamine in the brain shapes temporal-hippocampal dynamics, sustaining learning and memory, and adaptively shifts neurocomputational strategy under high cognitive load.
4172h agoA random network with non-plastic connections and feedback inhibition can account for diverse place cell phenomena, including positional tuning, remapping, and mixed selectivity, when excitatory activity is sparse and organized across stimuli.
4172h agoDrosophila larvae sense and avoid cold temperatures through a mechanism that involves cold-sensitive neurons in the head and a novel cold sensor called Clumsy.
4172h agoAstrocytes change their shape to allow microglia to move in and perform their functions.
4176h agoNo changes needed, this text does not contain a summary or paragraph to rephrase. It appears to be a citation and publication information.
4176h agoNo sentence to summarize, this text is a citation and publication information.
4176h agoA new computational framework minimizes negative transfer in domain-adaptive brain decoding, allowing it to accurately generalize across multiple subjects and tasks.
4176h agoInterocular conflict reduces interlaminar coherence in the primary visual cortex, particularly between granular and infragranular layers, and this coherence covaries with perceptual outcome during binocular rivalry.
4176h agoCortical population events are based on hierarchical modularity in cortical networks, with core neurons acting as high-information-flow nodes that funnel activity to support sensorimotor coordination.
4176h agoThe long non-coding RNA XIST drives female-specific Alzheimer disease pathology by disrupting epigenetic silencing and creating a positive feedback loop that sustains nuclear epigenetic machinery and cytoplasmic post-transcriptional regulation.
4176h agoMice can distinguish novel from familiar objects after 24 hours and 7 days, and a fully automated homecage-based test can assess this long-term object memory reliably.
4176h agoTrait motivation, particularly behavioral inhibition, is linked to both the structure and function of the face processing system.
4176h agoBrAVe, a framework for 3D analysis of brain atlas data, enables integrative analysis of brain data across different modalities and scales, supporting various data types and species, and facilitating data-driven discovery in neuroscience research.
4176h agoInducing ON/OFF activity during wakefulness reduces local sleep need and fulfills core functions of sleep.
4176h agoIncentive salience, not psychomotor sensitization or tolerance, drives the escalation of cocaine self-administration in rats, and individual differences in incentive salience predict intake and addiction vulnerability.
4176h agoA standard model formulation for ion channels accurately fits over 3,000 existing models and enables easy comparison and inference of ion channel parameters.
4176h agoNo changes are needed since the provided text is not a paragraph with complex information but rather a citation and publication information. However, if you'd like a simple sentence based on a hypothetical paragraph that might follow or relate to this citation, please provide that paragraph. Given the instruction and assuming a hypothetical need for simplification based on common related topics: Large language models are changing urban planning.
4180h agoA new method combines physics and machine learning to design dynamic unstructured proteins with tunable properties like size, shape, sensing, and binding.
4180h agoSuicidal behavior is associated with blunted reward value signals in the ventral prefrontal cortex, with different patterns of brain activity seen in individuals who have made low- or high-lethality suicide attempts.
4180h agoThe location where spreading depolarization waves are initiated in the brain determines whether they worsen or improve stroke outcomes.
4180h agoA linear mathematical model accurately represents brain's cortical dynamics using electroencephalography (EEG) data and a continuous exogenous input.
4192h agoPyk2 contributes to hippocampal neuronal hyperactivity and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease and is involved in Tau synaptic localization and phosphorylation.
4192h agoThe Principle of Isomorphism shows that neural population activity preserves mathematical structures of tasks, with grid cells constrained to a toroidal topology for neural metric tasks and path integration.
4192h agoStroke disrupts the coordination of eye and hand movements, causing people to have inaccurate and uncoordinated reaches and saccades.
4192h agoA new model called QI-LIF accurately predicts the timing of neuronal action potentials by treating the onset as a probabilistic event, reducing prediction error, especially for high-intensity stimuli.
4192h agoA new analysis method, called McKean-Vlasov mean-field, accurately represents the dynamics of a complex spiking neural network with synaptic plasticity, reducing computational complexity and providing insights into its behavior.
4192h agoMulti-Region Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (MR-LFADS) accurately identifies communication across brain regions, disentangling inter-regional communication, inputs from unobserved regions, and local neural population dynamics.
4192h agoVarCoNet, a new self-supervised framework, uses individual brain function differences to extract robust brain connections from resting-state fMRI data, improving analysis and task performance.
4192h agoA general approach proves the existence of fully localised multi-dimensional patterns in partial differential equations with compact spatial heterogeneity.
4192h agoThe vector complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation has globally bounded solutions, including solitons, breathers, positon solutions, and rogue wave solutions, that can be graphically represented to show interactions with periodic oscillatory waves.
4192h agoA general framework accurately describes finite-size effects in synchronization transitions of nonlinear oscillators, capturing the complete time evolution of the order parameter and finite-size fluctuations.
4192h agoMulti-dimensional chaos applies to processes described by erratic functions of several dynamical variables, and research shows that eigenvalues of the S-matrix follow a specific distribution and extrema of electric potential functions have certain spacings.
4192h agoRogue waves with diverse waveforms exist in a one-dimensional quantum droplet environment and can be generated through two protocols: interfering dam break flows and gradient catastrophe of a localized waveform.
4192h agoThe stability of financial networks is affected by the impact of individual connections, or edges, between banks and firms, with some connections increasing and others decreasing systemic risk.
4192h agoThe bias of the approximate maximum-likelihood estimation objective of a persistent chain energy-based model is equal to the thermodynamic excess work of an overdamped Langevin dynamical system.
4192h agoA new data-driven approach based on recurrence effectively estimates the local predictability of nonlinear dynamical systems, including large-scale atmospheric fields.
4192h agoPseudo-bifurcations in stochastic non-normal systems can produce false alarms of approaching a tipping point, mimicking early-warning signals such as critical slowing down, increased variance, and dimensional collapse.
4192h agoTwo types of energy cascade solutions exist in Hamiltonian systems, generating large- and small-scale structures, and leading to the formation of different singularities.
4192h agoThe Reshetikhin condition in quantum spin chains implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities, leading to integrability.
4192h agoGluons inside the proton accumulate near a critical momentum, forming a gluon condensation that can explain puzzles in astronomy and high-energy physics.
4192h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
4192h agoNickelate superconductors show inhomogeneous superconducting responses at the few micron scale, and their superconducting state is influenced by local stress environment and stoichiometric composition.
4192h agoA new analysis method, called McKean-Vlasov mean-field, accurately represents the dynamics of a complex spiking neural network with synaptic plasticity, reducing computational complexity and providing insights into its behavior.
4192h agoThe evolution of urban landscapes is driven by multiplicative noise moderated by local interactions, which governs the growth of city roughness over time.
4192h agoMachine learning framework generates and models topological quantum systems, enabling discovery of new many-body states and insights into quantum geometry.
4192h agoUrban sprawl modeling approaches are fragmented across disciplines, but models inspired by statistical physics, economics, geography, and ecology provide a comprehensive understanding of this complex phenomenon.
4192h agoA method using a fingerprint operator can detect, locate, and characterize a target embedded in a complex medium by analyzing the recorded reflection matrix of waves that have interacted with the target.
4192h agoTransitions in complex quantum systems from chaotic to integrable phases show sharp changes in complexity, but different markers of complexity can reveal these transitions at different critical points.
4192h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple wave packet into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
4192h agoThe gut microbiome produces metabolites that change with age and can alter brain function, including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) which can disrupt brain cell functions and contribute to age-related neurodegeneration.
4196h agoChanges to the cell type-specific organization of the cortical column occurred at the metatherian/eutherian split, with distinctions between neuron types more pronounced in eutherian mammals, which also have features that enhance cortical plasticity.
4208h agoThe interaction between excitatory neurons, inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and somatostatin interneurons generates multiple rhythms within a neural network, which can be modulated by a third inhibitory subtype, VIP neurons.
4208h agoNeuroinflammation causes distinct changes to the synaptic proteome, including increased mitochondrial and reduced cytoskeletal-synaptic proteins, that are not seen at the whole neuron level, indicating a unique vulnerability of the synapse.
4208h agoImprovisation is characterized by attenuated premotor cortex excitability and more variable response timings, while preserving the fundamental architecture of cortical responses.
4208h agoPrenatal exposure to valproic acid disrupts myelin organization, synaptic gene networks, and RNA splicing programs in rats, potentially leading to long-term impairments in neuronal communication and processing efficiency.
4208h agoChronic neuropathic pain causes structural changes in key brain areas, including increased grey matter density in some regions and decreased density in others, across limbic, prefrontal, and cingulate circuits.
4216h agoAging impairs angiophagy, but Alzheimer's mice show an increased rate of microsphere removal from blood vessels, with young Alzheimer's mice removing 47% and aged Alzheimer's mice removing 38% of microspheres by day 14.
4220h agoA G protein-coupled receptor called Cirl helps broaden the range of acid smells that certain insect sensory neurons can detect.
4224h agoFascin helps organize actin filaments in dendritic spines and its absence impairs synaptic potentiation.
4224h agoNeural responses to harming others predict people's willingness to exert effort to benefit others, with brain areas responding to harm also influencing sensitivity to others' rewards.
4232h agoThe brain of the three-banded panther worm is made up of "tiles" of brain tissue that can perform different functions, allowing the worm to still hunt successfully even after large portions of its brain are removed.
4232h agoThe GlialCAM protein's cytoplasmic tail plays a crucial role in maintaining white matter tracts in the adult brain, and its deletion leads to motor coordination, muscular strength, and memory deficits.
4232h agomGlu5 signaling in the left hippocampus contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, and inhibiting it in the left hippocampus restores memory and reverses pathological signaling.
4236h agoCold-selective neurons in the anterolateral system project to brain regions associated with thermosensation, including the lateral parabrachial area, periaqueductal grey matter, and thalamus.
4240h agoToothy, an open-source tool, detects and classifies dentate spikes in large-scale electrophysiological recordings, offering a standardized and reproducible pipeline for investigating hippocampal dynamics.
4240h agoMutations in the sodium channel NaV1.1 cause excessive bursting activity in excitatory neurons, which leads to seizures in Dravet syndrome, and this abnormal activity can be normalised by blocking HCN1 pacemaker channels.
4240h agoGeometry of brain tissue predicts distribution of tracer in the parenchyma, explaining some of the variation in glymphatic function between individuals.
4240h agoA simple neurofeedback system using functional near-infrared spectroscopy allows people to control their prefrontal cortex blood flow.
4240h agoA novel N-terminally truncated form of the Tau protein accumulates early in degenerating neurons and drives neurodegeneration, making it a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
4240h agoThe cortical control of movement involves multiple brain areas working together, and the activity of neurons in these areas is organized into distinct subpopulations with specific response patterns during reach-to-grasp behavior.
4240h agoThe spinal cord's structure and function change with age, showing decline in the somatosensory pathway and sharing similar aging mechanisms with the brain.
4240h agoOligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelination failure in the hippocampus drive neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) pathology, with a maturation blockade of oligodendrocytes and suppression of myelination programs.
4240h agoBipolar disorder episodes are underpinned by a conserved functional brain scaffold and distinct individual specific neural fingerprints.
4240h agoModifying the Latent Factor Activity using Dynamical systems (LFADS) model to include a per-trial bias results in a simpler and more interpretable representation of neural dynamics.
4240h agoBDNF regulates the number and function of pericytes and microvessels in the brain by activating Akt signaling, and its decrease with age contributes to impaired microvascular circulation.
4240h agoCerebral small vessel disease disrupts emotional regulation, causing reduced emotional awareness and impaired integration of bodily sensations and emotions.
4240h agoDim light at night increases circadian rhythm disruption, amyloid plaque buildup, and microglial activation in mice, suggesting that nighttime light exposure may contribute to Alzheimer's disease progression.
4240h agoFlexible cognitive control combines proactive and reactive mechanisms to adapt to changing environments, and is supported by oscillatory dynamics that coordinate multiple control components across distinct brain regions.
4240h agoA minimal recurrent framework called Homeostatic Binary Networks enables the stable representation and organization of overlapping memories by combining simple principles such as neural and synaptic competition.
4240h agoHealthy aging preserves the brain's ability to plan and initiate movements, but reduces its ability to fine-tune and control movements, leading to decreased accuracy.
4240h agoA single learning objective can give rise to diverse cell types in the hippocampal-entorhinal circuit, including place cells, grid cells, and boundary vector cells, which resemble those observed in the navigating brain.
4240h agoHigher-order thalamic nuclei are interconnected and respond to sensory stimuli and locomotion in a state-dependent manner.
4240h agoLipid dysregulation, including changes in sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and fatty acids, is a common feature of Parkinson's disease in the brain and peripheral biofluids.
4240h agoSuppressing glutamatergic neurons in the neocortex can paradoxically cause epileptic activity, challenging the traditional view that seizures are caused by excessive excitation.
4240h agoChronic stress after traumatic brain injury leads to a delayed but not permanent protective effect on axonal degeneration, possibly due to changes in microglial and astrocytic activity.
4240h agoFunctional ultrasound imaging reliably maps brain-wide visual processing in awake tree shrews, revealing robust hemodynamic responses and detailed functional maps across multiple brain areas.
4240h agoAIBP protein is mainly expressed in astrocytes, and its expression declines as Alzheimer's disease progresses, suggesting a role in astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection.
4240h agoThe degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease is accompanied by proteostatic impairment and modulation of the alpha-synuclein interactome, and researchers found that the HDAC1 inhibitor pyroxamide reduces alpha-synuclein toxicity in cell lines.
4240h agoIndividual functional brain architecture shapes tau propagation in Alzheimer's disease, with subject-specific connectivity profiles enhancing the characterization of tau deposition patterns.
4240h agoRecurrent seizures cause a persistent decrease in brain entropy, even between seizures, and this decrease is most pronounced in patients who had their first seizure at a younger age.
4240h agoPregnenolone-derived C-20 oxime ethers are potent and efficacious positive allosteric modulators of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, with some analogues showing higher potency and efficacy than the endogenous neurosteroid pregnenolone sulfate.
4240h agoBinocular rivalry causes stochastic alternations in perceptual dominance when incongruent images are presented to the two eyes, and similar dynamics occur in mice, involving both feedforward and feedback circuits in the brain.
4240h agoComplex housing and a combination of complex housing with FGF-2 improve motor function in rats with unilateral motor cortex lesions, while structured rehabilitation and FGF-2 alone have little effect.
4240h agoThe brain's functional inertia, or its tendency to maintain its state, predicts symptom severity in schizophrenia and relates to cognition in a different way in patients compared to healthy controls.
4244h agoWomen with intracerebral hemorrhage have lower biological aging values than men, and this difference is mainly driven by women with deep intracerebral hemorrhage.
4244h agoHigh-resolution ultrasound-photoacoustic imaging enables real-time monitoring of deep cerebrovascular oxygenation dynamics in awake mice with intact skulls, resolving region-specific increases in oxygenation and hemodynamics under different conditions.
4244h agoFive circulating lipids in the blood are linked to the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and can distinguish between symptomatic patients and asymptomatic controls.
4248h agoObservers' perceptions are biased towards the past when they view gradual changes in hue, leading to slow change blindness.
4248h agoTDP-43 aggregation at NMJs in ALS mouse and iPSC models stems from aberrant axonal translation caused by loss of muscle EV-derived miR126.
4252h agoGlioblastoma changes the calvarial bone and its marrow to produce more myeloid cells, creating an immunosuppressive environment.
4256h agoCRISP, a new framework, uses foundation models to predict drug responses in unseen cell types at single-cell resolution, advancing drug repurposing and drug screening.
4256h agoAn algorithm identifies proteoforms using top-down mass spectra and a pipeline generates simulated spectra from input protein sequences with modifications.
4256h agoDithering stimulation pulses suppresses half-harmonic brain rhythm synchronisation, offering a potential strategy to selectively entrain target neural rhythms while avoiding harmful effects.
4256h agoAutism caused by a specific genetic mutation leads to altered expression of splicing regulators, which in turn causes aberrant splicing patterns in genes involved in neural tissue development and synapse organization.
4256h agoMinor cannabinoids CBD, CBG, CBN, and CBC activate different sensory neurons in distinct ways, with varying potency and dose-response relationships, which may allow for synergistic pain relief.
4256h agoDifferent frequency bands of electrical activity on the brain's surface reflect activity from specific layers of brain cells and are markers of distinct stages of brain processing.
4256h agoViolations of strong predictions based on past events trigger increased cognitive control, attention, and arousal, which helps with learning unexpected information.
4256h agoGranule cells in the cerebellum preferentially sample specific types of mossy fiber inputs, with some granule cells connecting with one type of input and others with a different type.
4256h agoThe insula-prefrontal circuit is necessary for rats to make social decisions about approaching or avoiding stressed conspecifics.
4260h agoStress impairs extinction learning by activating a brain circuit that connects the locus coeruleus, basolateral amygdala, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
4260h agoAging of human neurons leads to decreased autophagic flux due to a loss of neuritic lysosomes, resulting in increased mitochondrial fission and fusion events, and impaired mitochondrial health.
4260h agoMolybdenum diselenide nanoflowers protect immune cells in the brain from toxic effects of a-synuclein aggregates, while molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers offer less protection and trigger changes in immune cell types.
4260h agoConnectome-based predictive modeling identifies brain networks that vary with behavioral measures, and finds that cognitive tests better predict brain networks than self-reported clinical measures.
4260h agoListeners' preference for musical tone combinations decreases as the mean frequency increases, with different musical intervals and listener groups showing varying levels of sensitivity to pitch range.
4264h agoNeurons operate in two modes, coincidence detection and integration, which help explain how they process and transmit information through electrical currents.
4264h agoModern AI models for video and language do not capture human-perceived similarity in social videos, but fine-tuning a video model on human judgments improves its alignment with human perceptions.
4264h agoPeople who used a novel wheelchair-mounted device called Boost to practice arm movements during rehabilitation after a stroke showed greater improvement in arm function immediately after treatment, particularly those with less severe impairment.
4264h agoThe Modular Consciousness Theory proposes that consciousness arises from a sequence of integrated informational states that are processed and tagged with a density vector, shaping experience, memory, and behavior.
4264h agoNeural populations in higher visual areas encode object-centered visual information in a structured, semantically meaningful way, with different groups of neurons selectively responding to specific visual features such as object pose and category transformations.
4264h agoA compositional meta-learning model enables rapid learning of new tasks from minimal experience by reusing knowledge from previous tasks through flexible recombination of common computational elements.
4264h agoA motion cueing algorithm that uses model predictive control reduces motion sickness by over 50% in driving simulators while maintaining fidelity, by balancing sensory conflict and specific force errors.
4264h agoVarCoNet, a new self-supervised framework, uses inter-individual brain function variability to extract robust functional connectomes from resting-state fMRI data, outperforming state-of-the-art methods in subject fingerprinting and autism spectrum disorder classification tasks.
4264h agoThe state-space kinetic Ising model reveals time-varying causal couplings and entropy flow in neuronal ensembles, which are linked to behavior and enable economical computation.
4264h agoA novel hyperbolic embedding framework preserves the global structure of multilayer networks while enabling detailed analysis and comparisons within and between layers.
4264h agoAnimals' complex behaviors are formed by flexibly combining a finite set of core motor motifs, and a new framework called motif-based continuous dynamics discovery successfully identifies these motifs and models how they are combined to generate realistic behaviors.
4264h agoThe Visibility Graph method requires at least 1000 data points to reliably characterize time series, and time series with a Hurst exponent of 0.5 or less have a critical exponent of 2 or more.
4264h agoThe Sabra models of turbulence converge to a stochastic process in the ideal limit, where solutions become independent of the type of dissipation and noise.
4264h agoThe solution to the complete noncommutative Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy is achieved through direct linearisation involving the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko (GLM) equation.
4264h agoA general method for constructing fuzzy cellular automata allows for diverse and complex time-evolution patterns to be generated by changing parameters or combining evolution rules.
4264h agoNon-commutative multiple bi-orthogonal polynomial systems generalize multiple orthogonality, matrix orthogonal polynomials, and bi-orthogonality, and form a part of the theory of integrable systems.
4264h agoCollective cellular decision making relies on a trade-off between the speed and accuracy of pattern formation, with information flow between cells influencing the emergence of highly ordered structures.
4264h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple quantum state into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
4264h agoA new method can distinguish between catastrophic shifts and less dramatic state changes in systems, providing early warnings of tipping points by analyzing noisy spatio-temporal data.
4264h agoThree distinct cryptographic chaotic systems are tested for stability and robustness in maintaining synchronization in the presence of noise.
4264h agoA machine learning method estimates the largest Lyapunov exponent from one-dimensional chaotic time series data by inferring the exponential growth of forecast errors, producing accurate results with short data series.
4264h agoA bootstrap program solves the $R$-matrix of an integrable quantum spin chain from its Hamiltonian by iteratively applying Kennedy's inversion formula.
4264h agoReservoir computing can generalize to unexplored regions of state space without built-in assumptions about the underlying dynamics when trained on multiple trajectories from a collection of disjoint time series.
4264h agoDiffusion models can learn distributions sampled by a complex Langevin process.
4264h agoMachine learning models generalize well on real-world datasets because datasets lie on a latent manifold with small intrinsic dimension, but estimates of intrinsic dimension vary substantially across methods.
4264h agoThe quantum Duffing oscillator exhibits a strange attractor, where chaotic dynamics and energy loss shape an initially simple quantum state into a structure that mirrors the classical attractor.
4264h agoDiagonal linear networks' gradient flow dynamics can be captured by a low-dimensional effective process, which yields new insights into their loss convergence rates, generalization, and other previously observed phenomena.
4264h agoSpatial correlations in disordered systems shift the critical packing fraction to lower values but keep the critical coordination number isostatic.
4264h agoA geometric series modulated non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattice model has multiple mobility edges and non-Hermitian point gaps with high winding number that can be induced by increasing the summation terms of the geometric series.
4264h agoTransformers learn and execute tasks based on examples provided within the input through in-context learning, which depends on sample complexity, pretraining task diversity, and context length.
4264h agoA binary tree circuit encodes a single logical qubit with a code distance that grows exponentially in the depth of the tree, and undergoes a phase transition between a coding and non-coding phase when noise is present.
4264h agoThe state-space kinetic Ising model reveals time-varying causal couplings and entropy flow in neuronal ensembles, which are linked to behavior and enable economical computation.
4264h agoDisordered metasurfaces with a critical packing of metaatoms exhibit a marked transition in the statistics of scattered light, allowing for manipulation of light characteristics using ultrathin optical coatings.
4264h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, and only delocalizes at zero temperature, with its diffusion behavior following a non-monotonic and Arrhenius relation pattern.
4264h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree and hub density.
4264h agoThe study finds that transient Nuclear Overhauser enhancement (tNOE) imaging is the most sensitive method for detecting myelin lipids in the brain, and it strongly correlates with histological markers.
4264h agoThe cerebellum guides limb movement through two distinct output pathways that drive the forelimb either toward or away from the body, allowing for precise and speedy movement.
4264h agoA physiologically grounded model shows that receptive fields and population-level attractor dynamics emerge naturally from the geometry of scale-free networks, reflecting the structure of the stimulus space and capturing key properties of receptive fields.
4264h agoThe subiculum processes spatial information by detecting mismatches between perceptual and mnemonic inputs, which updates associative memory and explains the presence of vector trace cells.
4264h agoThe GBR model of bipolar disorder generates a range of behavioral changes, including anxiety, hyperlocomotion, anhedonia, and altered emotion recognition, with different effects seen in males and females.
4264h agoEmotional salience learned from social cues is preserved in memory and enhances emotional processing of target images, but only when people are uncertain about their own emotional judgments.
4264h agoDiabetic neuropathy develops in rats within 4 weeks of low-dose streptozotocin treatment, with F-waves serving as an early biomarker of nerve dysfunction and high survival rates.
4264h agoCerebrovascular responses become weaker and less adaptable with age, with changes in delay, gain, and time constant that can be tracked using calibrated simulations and may serve as novel biomarkers of cerebrovascular dysfunction.
4264h agoNOVA, a new analytical tool, helps researchers interpret and visualize complex brain cell activity data, uncovering subtle patterns and changes that conventional methods miss.
4264h agoThe retina uses existing circuits to modulate responses to stimuli outside the center of sensory neurons' receptive fields, through a pathway involving rod bipolar cells and AII amacrine cells.
4264h agoPerivascular spaces in the brain are associated with sex and felt-gender differences in children, with increases in their volume and count linked to reduced executive function, learning, and memory.
4264h agoSlow gamma rhythms have longer burst durations and latencies than fast gamma rhythms, and show higher long-range synchrony, suggesting they are generated by different inter-neuronal classes with different integration scales.
4264h agoMitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction, marked by loss of key subunits and lowered enzyme activity, occurs in Alzheimer's disease and may contribute to brain amyloidosis.
4264h agoThe choice of algorithm and model parameters for causal estimation affects the accuracy and computation time of brain communication analysis.
4264h agoThe structure of visual motion qualia in humans matches the structure of neural activity in mice, with both showing a categorical organisation based on stimulus direction.
4264h agoPERIOD protein dimerization enables a slow and controlled phosphorylation that regulates the circadian clock, and disruption of this dimerization severely compromises circadian rhythms and sleep cycles.
4264h agoChronic pain causes changes in the number of mature oligodendrocytes in specific brain regions, and this effect differs by region and sex, six weeks after nerve injury.
4264h agoThe murine sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) contains 17 distinct neuronal groups with unique molecular signatures and a complex cellular composition, and its glutamatergic subpopulations have specific projection targets and molecular markers.
4264h agoMeningeal macrophages exhibit diverse calcium signaling patterns in healthy and diseased states, with distinct activity features in different macrophage subtypes and responses to brain hyperexcitability events.
4264h agoTDP-43 protein causes changes in synaptic structure and function, leading to abnormal transmission, in mice and humans with neurodegenerative diseases.
4264h agoBehavioral Time-Scale Synaptic Plasticity (BTSP) induction relies on a theta-oscillation-paced cellular state and precisely timed weak inputs, and muscarinic activation enables one-shot long-term potentiation for in-vivo place-field formation.
4264h agoSpinal cord injury leads to brain reorganization, marked by decreased activity in sensorimotor regions and increased activity in limbic and cerebellum regions.
4264h agoTraumatic brain injury temporarily worsens mitochondrial dysfunction in the early stages of amyloidosis, with males being more vulnerable than females.
4264h agoElectric field fluctuations in the brain organize into isolated areas and groups of similar areas, which can change with context and task requirements.
4264h agoThe neural gustatory circuit uses specific patterns of neural activity in the gustatory cortex to control the physical movements that define whether to ingest or reject a taste stimulus.
4264h agoThe brain sorts words into language categories by computing similarities and differences between words, using a network of areas including the temporal, insular, and frontal cortices, within 150 ms of seeing a word.
4264h agoVisual adaptation and attention do not change the uneven performance across the visual field, with better performance along the horizontal than vertical meridian and along the lower than upper vertical meridian.
4264h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder have accelerated brain aging, showing a 1.70-year increase in brain age relative to their chronological age.
4264h agoGene expression supports the division of the thalamus into distinct nuclei, with some nuclei having discrete subdomains or shared patterns of gene expression.
4268h agoDepressive symptoms and sleep timing independently affect young adults' performance on cognitive tasks that require pattern separation.
4268h agoThe brain maintains evolving representations of accumulated evidence by transferring signals between neurons with different response fields, enabling continuous evidence integration across changing actions.
4268h agoAging Aplysia californica shows a reduced escape locomotion response and changes in brain motor programs, including loss of locomotion onset latency sensitization and decreased motor activity.
4268h agoMECP2 mutations lead to Rett syndrome by disrupting normal brain cell development, causing cells to over-proliferate and eventually produce fewer excitatory neurons and more inhibitory and glial cells instead.
4268h agoOxytocin increases trusting behavior by 15-17% in individuals with a low disposition to trust, with the effect being uniform across this group.
4268h agoThe study finds that noise in brain signals relates to vascular function in different ways across various brain areas, with similar patterns observed in healthy controls, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and those with Alzheimer's disease.
4268h agoThe MACS framework combines knowledge from multiple source domains to improve the accuracy of neural wiring segmentation in brain images.
4268h agoChronic ethanol consumption leads to profound sex- and region-specific adaptations in astrocytes, implicating extracellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan remodeling as key factors in ethanol-related neuroplasticity.
4268h agoStress and THC do not impair working memory, but high doses of THC disrupt motivation in some rats, which may be linked to individual differences in THC metabolism.
4268h agoHypoxic preconditioning improves the survival and function of transplanted neural progenitor cells in a stroke mouse model.
4268h agoGut microbiota plays a role in the development of circadian rhythms, and disruptions to it in early life impair the normal development of these rhythms and the maturation of clock neurons.
4268h agoInhibiting the JNK2-STX1A pathway with a cell-permeable peptide called JGRi1 protects retinal ganglion cells and provides neuroprotection in retinal degeneration.
4272h agoAGO1 protein plays a critical role in shaping the developing brain and promoting sociability by regulating the expression of LIN28A in neural progenitor cells.
4276h agoA fully-weighted brain graph model that combines connectivity and metabolic activity reveals that brain regions with high metabolic activity and connectivity are more closely linked to cognitive functions and neurodegenerative disorders.
4276h agoWhite matter hyperintensities show a pattern of demyelination, axonal loss, and extracellular fluid accumulation, particularly in periventricular regions, and are linked to aging-related increases in cardiovascular risk factors.
4276h agoThe basal ganglia play a key role in specifying, maintaining, and adapting the tempo of rhythmic actions, and dopamine deprivation in this circuit leads to motor symptoms such as freezing of gait and increased variation in rhythmic tapping.
4276h agoDynamic resting-state activity of an attentional network at rest predicts brain responses to tasks under different medication conditions, and may help guide individualized treatment by identifying which medications work best for each person.
4276h agoVividness of mental visual imagery is a robust trait that explains individual differences in mental imagery, internally generated visual experiences, and dreams.
4276h agoThe prefrontal cortex, especially the inferior frontal gyrus, shows more activation during encoding of events that are later remembered compared to those that are forgotten.
4276h agoHuman brain organoids can mature and record the passage of time over many years in culture, with aged progenitors retaining a memory of time spent in culture that guides their developmental programs.
4276h agoElevated LINE1 RNA causes chromosomal abnormalities and neuron death in neurodegenerative diseases by increasing chromatin accessibility and global transcription, and reducing LINE1 RNA mitigates these effects.
4276h agoForced expression of the transcription factor Sox11 in mature neurons enables large-scale changes in gene expression that promote axon growth, similar to that of immature neurons.
4276h agoA single dose of psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves chronic pain and anxiety-like behaviors in mice by restoring prefrontal activity through its action on certain receptors.
4280h agoWtCoxG, a new method for genome-wide association studies, addresses case ascertainment bias and outperforms existing approaches in analyzing time-to-event traits.
4280h agoSelf-driving laboratories combining robotic production and artificial intelligence can accelerate innovation in biotechnology by successfully integrating into discovery workflows for suitable biochemical design problems.
4280h agoEarly stimulation of the left intraparietal sulcus and right superior temporal gyrus increases the perception of synchrony between visual and auditory stimuli, while later stimulation of the superior temporal gyrus reduces this perception.
4284h agoRett syndrome is caused by changes in the MECP2 gene that disrupt normal developmental pathways in neurons, particularly in the Dopaminergic and Gabaergic trajectories, with key regulators NR2F1 and TCF4 playing a crucial role in the condition.
4284h agoThe menstrual cycle affects corticospinal excitability, with higher excitability in the late follicular phase, and also influences spike-timing-dependent plasticity, with prolonged and potentiated responses in the mid-luteal phase.
4284h agoA hybrid neuron model combines biophysical accuracy with computational efficiency to simulate gustatory pathways, bridging single-cell biophysics with large-network computation.
4288h agoBootstrap Monte Carlo SSA improves the reliability of functional measures and uncovers differences in state-space dynamics in fMRI by producing robust reconstructions that withstand noise.
4288h agoNeural synchronization depends on communication strategies that are influenced by connection weights and directionality, and these strategies can lead to the formation of chimera states where coherent and incoherent dynamics coexist.
4288h agoFour categories of inhibition - global, self, lateral, and feed-forward - work together to help locusts detect objects approaching their eyes while ignoring other movements.
4288h agoDeviance detection emerges in cortical cultures through local circuit maturation and is refined by self-organization toward criticality and early experience.
4288h agoThe model proposes that the primary visual cortex, V1-L4, consists of three distinct sub-layers corresponding to the primary color sensations of blue, red, and green.
4288h agoMapping EEG signals and their corresponding modalities into a unified semantic space enables generalized interpretation of brain signals.
4288h agoCalcium imaging and supervised variational autoencoder architectures enable the learning of compact representations of individual neurons from fluorescent traces, allowing for robust visualization, clustering, and interpretation of single-neuron dynamics.
4288h agoA new vision model called ReAlnet aligns with human brain activity using non-invasive EEG, showing higher similarity to human brain representations than traditional computer vision models.
4288h agoNoise perturbations in the area-preserving Harper map cause longer recurrence times by allowing trajectories to access and get trapped in regular islands, resulting in a slower power-law decay in the recurrence distribution.
4288h agoHigher-order spacing statistics in superposed spectra of circular random matrices can be characterized by a modified Dyson index, which is unique for given parameters and can be used to determine the symmetry structure of a system.
4288h agoA binary Bose gas in a dual-core trap exhibits macroscopic quantum tunnelling, self-trapping, and localisation revivals, and displays a rich bifurcation structure and the Andreev-Bashkin superfluid drag effect.
4288h agoGluons inside the proton accumulate near a critical momentum, forming gluon condensation, which may explain puzzles in astronomy and high-energy physics.
4288h agoPeriodic oscillations in a system's fluctuations appear as a Dirac comb in the frequency power spectral density, but deviations from strict periodicity remove the Dirac comb, leaving mainly the spectrum of the pulse function.
4288h agoInhibition in biological systems, such as insect colonies and neural circuits, enables efficient and adaptive operation by modulating activity through inhibitory signals. or Non-linear responses to inhibitory signals improve collective decision-making by enhancing final consensus and reducing deliberation time.
4288h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model reveals an interplay between Stabilizer R\'enyi Entropy and entanglement entropy in both ground and highly excited states, with the four-body interaction model showing complex patterns of entanglement and non-stabilizer resources.
4288h agoThe Thue-Morse drive achieves quantum ergodicity in the long-time limit, where the time evolution of any initial state uniformly visits every part of its Hilbert space.
4288h agoThe basins of attraction of twisted states in Kuramoto oscillators scale as $e^{-kq^2}$ with the winding number $q$.
4288h agoThe Kuramoto model's stable equilibria on graphs that resemble the Sierpinski gasket correspond to harmonic maps from the gasket to the circle, with a unique stable equilibrium in each homotopy class of continuous functions.
4288h agoLarge neural networks and datasets can be compressed to much smaller sizes while keeping their performance, with the size reduction following a polylogarithmic relationship.
4288h agoThe Parisi formula identifies the free energy limit of spin glass models, but many models remain outside its reach.
4288h agoIncreasing the depth of a deep linear self-attention model improves in-context learning performance when covariances change across contexts, but only aids performance in other settings if the context length is limited.
4288h agoLong-range correlations in a disordered medium change the depinning transition, critical force, and critical exponents of a driven interface, leading to a breakdown of conventional universality and emergence of new scaling behaviors.
4288h agoInhibition in biological systems, such as insect colonies and neural circuits, enables efficient and adaptive operation by modulating activity through inhibitory signals. or Non-linear responses to inhibitory signals improve collective decision-making by enhancing final consensus and reducing deliberation time.
4288h agoPrenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress causes changes in immune gene expression and dopamine systems in the brain and gut, with sex-specific effects in female and male offspring.
4288h agoRegion-based connectivity from a medium-resolution atlas works best for classifying early-stage schizophrenia patients, with accuracy rates of up to 83.15%.
4288h agoThe visual callosum operates as a set of parallel, segregated information conduits that integrate the left and right visual fields into a unified perceptual experience.
4288h agoReduced pyramidal cell excitability and decreased spine density impair auditory novelty detection, which helps explain the mismatch negativity deficits seen in schizophrenia.
4288h agoBeta sinusoidal transcranial alternating current stimulation and theta amplitude-modulated transcranial alternating current stimulation modulate corticospinal excitability, with different effects on timing, frequency, and brain regions.
4292h agoThis study establishes a validated toolbox to map the neuroarchitecture in the murine knee, which will help identify the cellular and molecular changes responsible for mediating joint pain.
4292h agoBipolar disorder is characterized by disrupted structure-function integration and unstable thalamocortical dynamics, with lower structure-function coupling in subcortical regions and thalamic instability.
4292h agoEye gaze patterns during working memory reflect the content of complex images held in mind and adapt to task demands.
4292h agoA new microelectrode array with a curved shape can record neural activity in deep and curved brain structures, allowing for investigation of previously inaccessible neural circuits.
4292h agoThe Regional Functional Affinity metric reveals that primate brain organization follows an organizational principle where higher-order association networks are functionally diverse and primary sensorimotor networks are uniform.
4292h agoCognitive impairments in absence epilepsy are linked to dysfunction in the thalamic-prefrontal pathway.
4292h agoNetwork bursting activity in cultures of neurons contains rich information about underlying network dynamics, and analyzing the shape of bursts provides a robust marker for functional phenotyping in disease modeling and drug screening.
4292h agoThe brain's dorsomedial striatum helps decide when to stop a task and switch to another by tracking time and rewards, with neurons in this area changing their activity at specific delays after a reward to guide the decision to exit a task.
4292h agoMoS2 and MoSe2 nanoflowers protect neurons and astrocytes from damage caused by alpha-synuclein aggregates by restoring mitochondrial health, reducing protein misfolding, and promoting the removal of toxic protein fibrils.
4292h agoThe deletion of the DUSP4 gene leads to a reduced level of retinal dopamine, increased susceptibility to myopia, and altered retinal responses to light stimuli.
4296h agoLeaders look ahead to their own and their partner's actions, while Followers focus on the task, showing distinct decision-making and planning strategies in cooperative interactions.
4296h agoMitochondrial transport between axonal compartments and the cell body is required for sustained mitochondrial biogenesis in neurons.
4296h agoThe human brain dissipates electrical power at a rate of 10-9 to 10-10 watts, mainly in gray matter, which is several orders of magnitude lower than estimated metabolic power consumption.
4296h agoAdolescent binge drinking leads to lasting changes in the brain, specifically in the retrosplenial cortex, that impair memory and increase the risk of problems later in life, and these effects differ between males and females.
4296h agoDopaminergic depletion drives the reorganization of the somatomotor network, which may help compensate for motor deficits in Parkinson's disease by making it more tolerant to network attacks.
4296h agoThe gut detects toxin-induced damage and sends signals to the brain that trigger vomiting and help flies learn to avoid food with a specific odor that predicts toxin presence.
4296h agoA machine learning framework identifies subtle postural changes in animals that can detect early-stage neuromuscular disorders, specifically finding cervical instability in mice as early as 3 weeks of age.
4296h agoInjured nerve cells in neuromas drive spontaneous neuropathic pain through ectopic activity in small-diameter sensory neurons, specifically in SSTR2+ sensory axons.
4296h agoConcept learning creates attentional templates that guide attention by filtering relevant information, and people who learn concepts better deploy these templates more efficiently.
4296h agoTactile devices can effectively convey melodic patterns and emotional tone through vibration, with perceived pitch showing a systematic relationship with stimulus frequency and waveforms with sudden temporal changes judged as less pleasant.
4300h agoAbnormal brain connections in language and executive control networks are associated with positive and negative formal thought disorder in schizophrenia.
4304h agoBrain lesions unlock a hidden ability in astrocytes to produce neurons, which are a specific type of interneuron that can mature and integrate into brain circuits.
4304h agoPrenatal exposure to psychedelics crosses the placenta, activates the embryonic choroid plexus, and leads to lasting changes in brain development and behavior in offspring.
4304h agoSchizophrenia is highly heterogeneous, causing elevated variance in neuroimaging studies, which can be explained by the presence of multiple neurological perturbations in individuals with the disease.
4304h agoMast cells are present in the developing mouse brain, particularly at the hippocampal-thalamic border, and their degranulation facilitates synaptic transmission.
4304h agoNeural representations continually drift over time, and synaptic fluctuations, but not membrane potential fluctuations, help the brain maintain reliable perception by preserving the structure of these representations and improving learning.
4304h agoSchizophrenia is characterized by reproducible disturbances in the temporal organization of default mode network connectivity, with people with schizophrenia spending more time in abnormal connectivity states and less time in a normal state.
4304h agoDopamine release in the striatum is controlled by cholinergic interneurons and is mainly triggered by inputs from frontal cortical regions, not by direct sensory inputs.
4304h agoTheta oscillations support the perception of Mandarin syllables, while gamma activity helps with processing fast-changing and fine-grained acoustic features.
4304h agoStimulating human neurons reveals that long-term memory storage is linked to persistent changes in genome folding and gene expression.
4304h agoSNT-1 and SNT-3, two Ca2+ sensors in C. elegans, mediate fast and slow neurotransmitter release through interactions with the SNARE complex and their polybasic motifs.
4304h agoThe generalized Ablowitz-Ladik and Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger equations with nonzero boundary conditions on an infinite lattice have local well-posedness and their solutions have a minimal guaranteed lifespan that depends on the initial data, background, and nonlinearity exponents.
4312h agoA physiologically grounded model shows that receptive fields and population-level attractor dynamics emerge naturally from the geometry of scale-free networks, capturing key properties of receptive fields without fine-tuning.
4312h agoThe brain-body-environment framework gains new insights into adaptive behavior by considering the spatial organization of the brain and body, using partial differential equations to analyze how spatial dynamics influence behavior.
4312h agoThe Drosophila brain connectome shows heterogeneity in network properties, with a modular organizational pattern and bilateral symmetry in network topology and spatial organization.
4312h agoEEG research in education has grown substantially, and this study uses a Bibliometric-enhanced Systematic Literature Review to identify key educational constructs, computational methods, and research gaps.
4312h agoA new framework that uses chaotic dynamics and mimics the brain's visual pathway improves the accuracy, generalization, and stability of object classification from event camera data.
4312h agoTwo distinct processes, one that straightens trajectories and another that redirects them, contribute to motor adaptation, with straightening occurring faster than redirection.
4312h agoThe complexity of perceptual representations depends on task demands, with simple representations used when strategies require minimal resources and complex representations used when more resources are needed.
4312h agoThe global dimensionality of a neural representation manifold is better estimated with a new bias-corrected method that provides accurate measurements even with small sample sizes and noisy data.
4312h agoTwo single-channel EEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, reflect physiological and emotional responses to stress, relating to cortisol levels, resilience, and heart rate variability.
4312h agoQualia are physical because they are directly observable, and this perspective links consciousness to quantum measurements, suggesting that physical reality is rooted in how humans process information.
4312h agoA super integrable system is constructed using the supertrace identity on the loop algebra of the Lie superalgebra osp(1,6), and it can be reduced to the super-AKNS hierarchy under certain conditions.
4312h agoThe motion of charged particles in a magnetic dipole field with friction and random forces can be described by a generalized Langevin equation.
4312h agoFrangible materials that remodel under flow give rise to branched patterns shaped by their properties, boundary conditions, and forcing time scales.
4312h agoThe Basic Cycle Ratio method identifies influential nodes in complex networks by assessing their local and global roles, outperforming traditional measures in selecting powerful spreaders and enhancing information diffusion.
4312h agoTriadic interactions, where one node regulates the interaction between two other nodes, can modulate the mutual information between the dynamical state of two linked nodes and are relevant for understanding complex systems such as Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
4312h agoSchur functions and skew Schur functions satisfy certain mathematical relations known as relative Plücker relations and Hirota bilinear equations.
4312h agoA vertical thermal convection system has seven new equilibria and 26 new periodic orbits that capture complex flow patterns, including chaotic behavior and symmetrical flow structures.
4312h agoA new approach based on the density matrix formalism successfully captures the metal-insulator transition in Anderson models and reveals the existence of a two-dimensional metallic phase with Hubbard interactions and disorder.
4312h agoMachine learning models can learn physical concepts, but their interpretability is challenging; a hybrid tensor-neural network object was constructed to exactly express a real space topological invariant and was assessed for trainability and generalization.
4312h agoThe Topological Breakdown Model explains the metastable domain patterns in potassium-tantalate-niobate crystals near the cubic-to-tetragonal structural phase transition as a result of competing topologically protected states.
4312h agoMena, an actin regulator, controls local protein synthesis to mediate adult axon regeneration by regulating the translation of PI3K-p85 mRNA and activating the AKT/mTOR pathway.
4312h agoAnesthesia shifts the preferred spatial frequencies of neurons in the visual cortex to lower values, impairing the coding of high-frequency visual information, with distinct effects on different types of neurons.
4312h agoA mutation in Syntaxin1A reduces sleep in flies by decreasing the assembly of SNARE complexes, leading to less information exchange among neurons.
4312h agoIndividuals with fibromyalgia have abnormal cortical connectivity compared to pain-free healthy controls.
4312h agoLoss of TDP-43 disrupts RNA processing and protein production, leading to the identification of new molecular cascades and potential therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
4316h agoContextual fear conditioning induces persistent changes in chromatin structure in engram neurons, which correlate with long-term gene expression and may be linked to neuropsychiatric disorders.
4316h agoAnti-microbial peptides regulate sleep in flies, and different types of these peptides have distinct effects on sleep patterns, social behavior, and memory.
4320h agoA central complex, comprising 4 key neuropils, exists in the brain of larval fruit flies and shares similar synaptic connectivity patterns with the adult central complex.
4320h agoSubtle facial movements reveal hidden cognitive states, reflecting the brain's ongoing computations and offering a noninvasive window into unexpressed thoughts and decisions.
4324h agoMicroRNA155 regulates the development of neurons, particularly GABAergic interneurons, and its dysregulation contributes to Alzheimer's disease by affecting neural stem cell dynamics.
4324h agoBrain descending neurons integrate learnt information and contextual cues to activate specific nerve cord command neurons and promote specific actions.
4324h agoGABA receptors change shape to control the flow of ions across cell membranes, with cholesterol, phospholipids, and a phosphatidylinositol compound affecting this process.
4324h agoThe Connectome Interpreter software toolkit enables efficient analysis of complete brain wiring diagrams, or connectomes, allowing for fast computation of neural circuit function and structure.
4328h agoSex differences exist in latent inhibition, a process linked to hallucinations and delusions in psychosis, with evidence suggesting differences in behavioural and neurobiological levels, particularly in hippocampally dependent forms.
4328h agoWhite matter asymmetry is widespread across the brain, present in all 30 pathways examined, and follows unique trajectories across the lifespan, changing with development and increasing age.
4328h agoChanges in functional brain organization with aging show a trajectory of desegregation, linked to neural dedifferentiation and cognitive decline, and are better captured by age-targeted analytical frameworks.
4328h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) detects whether patterns can be learned, helping animals to focus on true relationships and avoid false inferences about random associations.
4328h agoThe prefrontal cortex uses a neural subspace to track value computations when weighing options, with midcingulate and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex areas showing dynamics that reflect foraging-like computation.
4332h agoChildren with developmental coordination disorder show disrupted rate modulation of specific beta burst waveform motifs, which correlates with their motor ability and may underlie their motor difficulties.
4332h agoBehaviors with different cognitive demands are supported by a single low-dimensional neural structure that expands or contracts depending on the level of cognitive load.
4332h agoMice learning a new task use policy-gradient-like rules to acquire the task better than classical reinforcement learning algorithms.
4332h agoThe brain and artificial neural networks exploit environmental regularities to improve efficiency by encoding more information about high-probability stimuli, but feedback pathways help maintain robust generalization by regulating the impact of biased input statistics.
4336h agoArtificial neural networks used to model the human visual system are fragile and their response predictions are sensitive to small, imperceptible changes, but robust models capture the local coding dimensions of the visual system and produce generalizable and semantically meaningful changes.
4336h agoThe absence of language-based confounding factors in Minimal Phenomenal Experience states allows for a purer form of consciousness, suggesting that language plays a key role in shaping our everyday conscious experience.
4336h agoContrastive Embedding for Behavioral and Neural Analysis (CEBRA) learns meaningful representations of joint neural activity in social interactions, capturing individual roles and behavioral metrics.
4336h agoLocked-in state patients' ability to communicate through brain-computer interfaces is limited due to impairments in executive functions, working memory, and vigilance.
4336h agoNeuroAI combines insights from brain function with artificial intelligence to design intelligent systems, and its central area, synthetic biological intelligence, integrates biological neural networks with engineered hardware and software.
4336h agoTopographic organization, where neurons with similar response properties are spatially clustered, emerges in a new class of auditory models called TopoAudio, which are trained to classify speech and environmental sounds.
4336h agoBrainHarmonix, a multimodal brain foundation model, unites brain structure and function into compact representations and achieves strong performance in tasks such as disorder classification and cognition prediction.
4336h agoA new framework that uses complex-valued math to analyze brain activity helps reveal the functional organization of the brain by improving predictions of brain dynamics and uncovering new insights into brain structure and connectivity.
4336h agoPhrase structure construction can precede category detection and dominate lexical influences during sentence processing, with readers' eye movements and brain activity showing that syntax plays a leading role in organizing text.
4336h agoCorText, a new framework, integrates neural activity into a large language model, enabling natural language interaction with brain data and generating accurate image captions and detailed answers.
4336h agoA Bayesian meta-learning framework converts raw functional predictions from normative theories into tractable probabilistic models that improve data-driven fits of real biological datasets.
4336h agoNeuromodulation helps artificial neural networks adapt to changing environments and improve performance by enhancing learning flexibility and robustness.
4336h agoMutations in the NaV1.1 sodium channel alter its function, leading to a severe reduction in firing rate and depolarization block in fast-spiking inhibitory neurons, which may contribute to Dravet syndrome.
4336h agoBrainPath, a 3D generative framework, predicts anatomically faithful MRIs at any timepoint from a single baseline scan and captures realistic and temporally consistent individual brain aging patterns.
4336h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy creates lightweight Transformer-based models for spiking neural networks that use fewer parameters and less computing power without losing performance.
4336h agoA novel framework uses human neural organoids to investigate how internal world models form and adapt, enabling agents to understand, predict, and interact with their environment.
4336h agoDissipative-soliton resonance emerges naturally in strongly chirped dissipative solitons, providing a direct pathway to high-energy femtosecond oscillators without external amplification.
4336h agoMultifractal analysis of multimodal biosignals provides reliable features for characterizing cardiac recovery after physical exertion.
4336h agoThe perturbed oscillators-step system exhibits a transition from rotational to discontinuous behavior in its return map, and a hovering set of non-resonant orbits exists for certain parameters.
4336h agoProgrammable quantum devices control quantum chaotic dynamics using conditional feedback, and experiments with up to 100 qubits show a dynamical phase transition between quantum and classical dynamics.
4336h agoHadrons carry gauge-invariant charges, according to calculations of correlation functions on baryon and meson states in two-dimensional Yang-Mills theories.
4336h agoActive nematics exhibit critical states marked by slowed defect density relaxation, amplified fluctuations, and heightened sensitivity to activity, leading to long-ranged defect interactions and giant number fluctuations of topological defects.
4336h agoCities have spatial structures that encode different amounts of information at various scales, with richer and poorer households being more segregated than middle-income groups.
4336h agoCoordination across multiple agents and objectives faces fundamental thermodynamic constraints that force systems to simplify and change dynamically, leading to metastable states and requiring radical information loss.
4336h agoMixing particles of different sizes in a binary colloid under an AC electric field produces persistent active clusters that fragment and reassemble through asymmetric pair propulsion and spray-like fission.
4336h agoThe model of deep water surface gravity waves shows a finite-time transfer of energy from large scales to small scales for a range of phase parameters, and exhibits a bifurcation in blowup scenario as the phase parameter increases.
4336h agoAn unsupervised classifying agent can spontaneously align with the underlying structure of its environment and multiple agents can reach consensus through mutual influence.
4336h agoOptimizing the topology of a linear reservoir computer improves its performance and interpretability by decoupling its dynamics into independent modes and selecting an optimal connectivity based on a set of eigenvalues.
4336h agoAn infinite set of non-local integrals of motion exists for the deformed $W$-algebra associated with certain affine Lie algebras.
4336h agoThe Camassa-Holm equation has solutions made up of infinitely many peaked solitons that can be recovered from the moments of the underlying spectral measure using the inverse spectral transform method.
4336h agoThe semiclassical theory shows that the thermalization timescale of a quantum system is inversely proportional to the phase-space gradient of the Hamiltonian.
4336h agoInjecting a low-power single-mode seed into a chirped-pulse oscillator can enhance the energy scalability of dissipative solitons, but also leads to instability and a threshold-like transition to multiple-pulse generation.
4336h agoHigher-order interactions and non-Gaussian L\'{e}vy noise affect synchronization in complex networks, with synchronization weakening as the stability index decreases and disappearing when the scale parameter exceeds a critical threshold.
4336h agoIntermittent large velocity excursions in turbulent flows are characterized by two types of intermittency: magnitude intermittency and clustering intermittency, with the latter having received increasing attention in recent decades as a key aspect of turbulent flows.
4336h agoCombining spatial resolution with nonlinear probing capabilities reveals distinctive many-body signatures in interacting quantum systems, including asymmetric cross-peaks and anharmonicity, through momentum-resolved two-dimensional spectroscopy.
4336h agoA novel framework called Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging (SIOI) helps improve image inpainting by extracting object-level representations from complex scenes, leading to better performance and robustness in various conditions.
4336h agoA novel twelve-component and six-component semi-discrete nonlinear system was developed, which can model charge transportation and the actions of external parametric drive and magnetic field on quasi-one-dimensional lattices.
4336h agoThe analysis of correlation functions of quantum spin chains with general integrable boundary conditions reveals a method to compute these functions using the quantum separation of variables approach.
4336h agoModel reduction uses a few key variables to describe complex systems, and a new approach identifies these variables by finding those most predictive of the future using the information bottleneck.
4336h agoInvariant measures expressed in time-delay coordinates can identify the dynamics of a physical system up to a topological conjugacy, and combining measures from multiple delay frames with distinct observables allows for unique identification of the system.
4336h agoStrongly-interacting many-body chaotic systems have non-monotonic equilibrium energy distributions that differ from the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein forms.
4336h agoThe boson-fermion coupling enhances the stability of the quantum spin-glass phase and modifies the dynamics of both bosons and fermions.
4336h agoHyperuniform disorder induces a sharp delocalization transition and emergence of mobility edges in tight-binding chains, breaking the traditional paradigm that any disorder localizes all states in one dimension.
4336h agoAn unsupervised classifying agent can spontaneously align with the underlying structure of its environment and multiple agents can reach consensus through mutual influence.
4336h agoA configurational distance metric effectively unifies energy dissipation data across diverse preparation histories and testing protocols in glass materials.
4336h agoExceptional points in disordered three-dimensional non-Hermitian systems introduce new universality classes of Anderson localization transitions with distinct critical exponents.
4336h agoStrong mutualistic interactions in a network produce power law abundance distributions in a critical region of the phase diagram, identifiable as a Griffiths phase.
4336h agoThe geometric evolution of elastic domain-wall loops in two dimensions follows closed dynamical equations that link area and perimeter, enabling predictions for domain dynamics under various conditions.
4336h agoProgrammable quantum devices control quantum chaotic dynamics using conditional feedback, and experiments with up to 100 qubits show a dynamical phase transition between quantum and classical dynamics.
4336h agoDisorder in high entropy alloys plays a crucial role in their novel properties, with the crystal structure and compositional disorder affecting the electronic structure, and strong intrinsic disorder localizing charge carriers in osmium-based superconducting high entropy alloys.
4336h agoTraining large language models with Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards follows a predictable process of structural self-organization, where the model's reasoning process maps to a sparse semantic complex network that drives learning, forgetting, and skill acquisition.
4336h agoThe Tensor Network Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach generates unbiased samples of the Boltzmann distribution in 3D spin glasses and other large disordered systems much faster than conventional methods.
4336h agoEcological interactions between parents and mutants alter fixation probabilities and lead to prolonged parent-mutant coexistence in complex communities.
4336h agoNeural scaling laws for quadratic and diagonal neural networks show a detailed phase diagram of scaling exponents of excess risk based on sample complexity and weight decay.
4336h agoThe study derives sharp asymptotics for training and test errors in a single-head tied-attention layer and finds that weight decay induces low-rank query and key matrices, revealing the inductive bias introduced by factorized matrix training.
4336h agoThe shrinkage of thin layers of heterogeneous materials attached to a substrate breaks into two distinct phases: a damage phase where the layer cracks but remains intact, and a fragmentation phase where it disintegrates into small pieces.
4336h agoMigration must be strong enough to prevent extreme concentration on the fastest growing site when random growth rates and redistribution compete.
4336h agoStealthy disorder allows the localization length of the Anderson model in one dimension to exceed the system size for a range of stealthiness values, leading to effective delocalization.
4336h agoThe competition between a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic modulation in a one-dimensional lattice causes robust reentrant localization transitions, which are stabilized by the dimer structure of the unit cell.
4336h agoMulti-modal inference outperforms analyzing modalities in isolation, with a Bayes-optimal performance gain in a high-dimensional model where latent structures are recovered from two noisy data matrices with correlated spikes.
4336h agoThe relaxation timescales in a disordered spin-1/2 XX ladder model are connected to transport properties, with the RMT time scaling quadratically with system size and upper bounding the Thouless times, and spin diffusion proceeding faster than energy diffusion.
4336h agoNeural fields enable super-resolution reconstruction and novel view synthesis of brain MRI scans, improving visualization of micro-anatomical structures and providing a clinically viable approach for neurosurgical planning.
4340h agoPeople with aphasia after a stroke have varying levels of attention deficits, especially in orienting and executive control, which are linked to the severity of their aphasia and affect their ability to understand sentences.
4340h agoInfantile memories remain stored in hippocampal circuits and can be reinstated through a carefully orchestrated network process involving contextual reminders and offline reactivation.
4340h agoOlder adults use a more constrained and stability-focused neural control approach, with less flexible cortical and muscular responses, to compensate for age-related sensorimotor changes.
4344h agoCortical energy consumption corresponds closely with retinotopic representation, suggesting that metabolic resources are shaped by the processing demands of visual perception.
4344h agoAmyloid accumulation and brain network dysfunction are linked in Alzheimer's disease, with distinct brain regions and networks showing changes at different stages of disease progression.
4344h agoAstrocyte activation corrects memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice by increasing neuronal activity, improving long-term plasticity, and reducing beta-amyloid plaques.
4344h agoLow-intensity ultrasound stimulation of specific deep brain structures, such as the globus pallidus internus and the pulvinar, improves visual attention by accelerating reaction time in a visual search task.
4344h agoEquitable data relationships through culturally appropriate governance and technical infrastructure are needed to improve health outcomes for Indigenous Peoples using genomics-focused neuroscience.
4348h agoPure awareness in experienced meditation practitioners is characterized by enhanced neural diversity and aperiodic dynamics, and is stabilized by slow-frequency oscillatory synchronization.
4348h agoAlzheimer's disease affects the gut by causing early changes in the enteric nervous system, including increased neuronal excitability and intestinal motility, and later leads to structural and synaptic changes.
4348h agoDisrupted sleep patterns in Alzheimer's disease are caused by hyperactivity in the Locus Coeruleus, which is linked to impaired potassium channel function and can be treated by targeting 2A adrenergic receptors and Kv7 channels.
4348h agoBrain health is a dynamic process shaped by genetic and environmental influences throughout development, and early-life experiences modulate long-term cognitive and emotional outcomes.
4360h agoIterative Neural Similarity Deflation (INSD) breaks the simplicity bias in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained on neuroscience-style tasks, generating alternative solutions with distinct neural activity patterns and sometimes superior performance.
4360h agoA bio-inspired neural model based on interacting populations of rate neurons achieves robust performance in solving stochastic bandit problems, matching standard algorithms and exhibiting adaptive behavior.
4360h agoCycle closure in neural state space is the fundamental mechanism of memory and consciousness, where invariant cycles serve as carriers of meaning by filtering noise and preserving what persists across contexts.
4360h agoHigh-resolution neural datasets enable foundation models for brain-computer interfaces and neurological treatments, and Neuroprobe provides a suite of decoding tasks to study language processing in the brain, allowing researchers to determine when and where computations occur and compare competing modeling approaches.
4360h agoThe human brain organizes visual information in a scale-free way, with neural representations in the visual cortex following a consistent pattern where their variance decreases as a power law across four orders of magnitude of latent dimensions.
4360h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information over time accurately predicts distributed cortical responses to naturalistic stimuli in the brain.
4360h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes brain signals in methamphetamine users, making their brain activity more similar to that of healthy people, and gamma brain wave patterns can be used to distinguish between users who received rTMS and those who did not.
4360h agoAlzheimer's Disease detection can be improved by using sample-specific soft scores and two new methods, Soft Target Distillation and Instance-level Re-balancing, that address within-class heterogeneity and instance-level imbalance.
4360h agoThe controllability of a broad class of recurrent neural networks can be achieved using constant and piecewise constant inputs, allowing for the synthesis of controls that solve a two-point boundary value problem in state space.
4360h agoIntervener Complexity, which measures the number of intervening heads between a head and its dependent, and linear distance both predict sentence-level memory load, with sentence length having the broadest influence.
4360h agoThe algebraic quantisation approach allows integrable non-Abelian differential--difference equations, including the Toda hierarchy and a wide range of integrable lattices, to have a bi-quantum structure and explicit quantisation ideals.
4360h agoHybridizing a physics-based model with machine learning improves the accuracy of analyses and forecasts, especially when trained on high-quality data such as ERA5 reanalyses.
4360h agoElectric fields can control wrinkling in soft film-substrate composites, and the critical conditions for wrinkling are determined by the shear modulus ratio and pre-stretch of the material.
4360h agoThe Brauns-Marchetti model exhibits dynamics including traveling periodic wave-trains and spatiotemporal chaos, and its interface dynamics can be described by a modified version of the classical Mullins-Sekerka equations.
4360h agoA dynamical phase transition occurs in a 2D interacting many-body system, where information spreading changes from localized to chaotic with a sharp change in behavior.
4360h agoA physics-informed neural operator framework accurately predicts complex flow behaviour in kinetic systems by capturing the evolution of single-particle distribution functions without needing to explicitly solve the collision kernel.
4360h agoScientists create and study bright matter-wave solitons in optical lattices using an optical accordion lattice with tunable spacing.
4360h agoCombining Gaussian process regression with dynamic mode decomposition alleviates problems with kernel-based Koopman algorithms, including high computational demands and sensitivity to sensor noise.
4360h agoDeep neural networks and brains share a unified theoretical framework, with equations describing neuronal avalanches in brains also applying to activity cascades in neural networks, showing that networks learn best when poised between absorbing and active phases.
4360h agoThe pentagram map remains integrable for any stably finite ground ring, and its generalizations to different geometries can be viewed as pentagram maps in the projective plane over specific rings.
4360h agoThe Glider Equation, derived from Asymptotic Lenia, helps discover stable glider configurations and optimize update rules to find novel gliders with specific properties.
4360h agoThe synergy between two different learning policies in a resource allocation game leads to a phase transition and prevents long-term under-utilization of resources.
4360h agoChaotic synchronization occurs in two coherently coupled dissipative time crystals, marked by a crossover from staggered to uniform magnetization.
4360h agoMultiple localization transitions occur in a one-dimensional lattice with a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic modulation, and are stabilized by the dimer structure of the unit cell.
4360h agoMemory effects are necessary to accurately describe localization and transport in disordered systems, and a metric called "outgoing-pseudoflux" can be used to find signatures of localization and transport.
4360h agoDeep neural networks and brains share a unified theoretical framework, with equations describing neuronal avalanches in brains also applying to activity cascades in neural networks, showing that networks learn best when poised between absorbing and active phases.
4360h agoA universal model explains the properties of urban street networks by generating networks that match real-world patterns using a simple two-step mechanism.
4360h agoSoftmax attention achieves optimal performance in a single-location regression task, outperforming linear attention, because it achieves the Bayes risk at the population level and consistently performs better in the finite-sample regime.
4360h agoThe spectral distributions of one-dimensional arrays of subwavelength resonators can be characterised in terms of their constituent blocks, and their spectral gaps and edge-induced eigenmodes can be fully described.
4360h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: The study of a disordered Bose-Hubbard model reveals that symmetry-resolved entanglement exhibits entropic reduction at weak disorder, an abrupt formation of an entropy imbalance pattern, and a cluster MBL regime unique to Bose statistics.
4360h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function shows GUE-type oscillations at low energies and matches results from the cavity equation approach at high energies.
4360h agoTwo novel dynamical scaling laws govern how model performance evolves during training, relating performance to different norm-based complexity measures.
4360h agoThe initialisation of neural networks can be optimised using a simple algorithm that identifies the correct choice of initialisation hyper-parameters to prevent failure modes and ensure smooth training.
4360h agoNon-interacting spin-wave theory predicts the exact diffusion constant for a kinetically-constrained hopping process on a triangular lattice with specific properties.
4360h agoA primitive form of intuition emerges in large predictive models when they balance short-term prediction with long-term exploration, producing genuine insight beyond mere memorization of training data.
4360h agoNonreciprocal interactions can change the universality class of pairs of asymmetrically coupled systems undergoing a phase transition, according to criteria based on unperturbed critical exponents.
4360h agoWorking memory contents are adaptively distributed across the nervous system to guide actions, with visual information being expressed in patterns of eye and hand movements during a memory delay, and the distribution of this motor activity shifting depending on the task requirements.
4364h agoHuman DRG-derived cells, HD10.6, exhibit nociceptive properties, including pain-sensing machinery, electrical functionality, and opioid receptor response, mirroring human nociceptors and providing a model for studying pain sensation and developing therapeutic drugs.
4364h agoDisrupted protein homeostasis and neuroinflammation drive FOXG1 syndrome pathogenesis, causing severe brain development disruptions, cognitive impairments, and neurological defects.
4364h agoLRRK2 mutations disrupt iron homeostasis in cells, causing elevated iron storage and increasing vulnerability to ferroptosis, a process that can lead to cell death.
4364h agoDendritic slow inward and fast outward currents mainly contribute to afterdepolarization potentials and spike-adding, and their effects are modulated by dendritic size, passive properties, and calcium influx.
4364h agoTmem117 in oligodendrocytes regulates the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia by controlling intracellular calcium dynamics, and its depletion leads to myelin deficits and defects in glucose homeostasis.
4364h agoPsychopathy stems from abnormalities across a collection of brain regions, including the insular and prefrontal cortices, rather than isolated areas.
4364h agoProline-Rich Transmembrane Protein2 (PRRT2) regulates sodium channel slow inactivation, facilitating entry into this state and delaying recovery, which supports cortical resilience.
4364h agoThe transition to motherhood results in changes to brain structure and function that enhance cognitive abilities, particularly spatial learning and cognitive flexibility, which help mothers navigate their environment and care for their offspring.
4364h agoThe visual system adapts to repeated sensory events by selectively reducing motor responses to irrelevant stimuli while maintaining reflexive inhibition, allowing it to stay responsive to new stimuli.
4364h agoAcute aerobic exercise enhances memory formation by inducing minor DNA damage that serves as a necessary primer for memory consolidation, a mechanism that may be impaired in Alzheimer's disease.
4364h agoPRISM, a new platform, integrates protein barcodes with tissue imaging to map neuronal morphology and molecular annotations, enabling accurate automatic tracing of neurons and characterization of synaptic structures.
4364h agoTHC disrupts mouse behavior by altering the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, leading to motor impairment.
4364h agoGlial cell-surface protein DIP-{beta} down-regulation during aging can contribute to brain aging, and its overexpression in glial cells increases lifespan by improving cell-cell communication.
4364h agoAging involves declines in motor function during dual tasks, and this is linked to changes in brain networks, with motor networks showing reorganization and cognitive networks showing compensatory recruitment.
4364h agoBrain oscillations, particularly theta oscillations, facilitate verbal learning and influence the strategies people use to encode information, with different patterns supporting semantic and serial clustering.
4364h agoHigher exposure to certain air pollutants is associated with more perivascular spaces in the brain and poorer cognitive performance in preadolescents.
4364h agoSex differences exist in human brain white matter, with distinct structural connectivity patterns in females and males.
4364h agoVoltage imaging analysis needs to be tailored to different experimental settings to ensure data integrity and interpretation.
4364h agoDopamine receptor sensitivity is associated with the tendency to attribute incentive salience to reward cues and with sensitivity to cocaine's appetitive effects.
4364h agoPropensity score matching reduces systematic bias in neuroimaging research by matching groups on scan quality metrics, leading to more comparable groups and generalizable results.
4364h agoOlder individuals exhibit changes in brain dynamics, including stronger global coupling and a shift towards a supercritical regime, indicating a systematic reconfiguration of whole-brain dynamics with age.
4364h agoThe cGAS-STING immune pathway fuels neuropathology and cognitive deficits in tauopathies, and disrupting this pathway restores immune homeostasis and attenuates tau pathology and cognitive deficits.
4364h agoChanges in brain functioning relate to changes in behavior within individuals, and brain responses to rewards are more accurately studied within-person rather than between-person.
4364h agoPeople learn to balance an unstable inverted pendulum more easily when its natural dynamics align with their control strategies and abilities.
4364h agoFocal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) shows subtype-specific changes in biomarker expression, particularly in the mTOR signaling pathway, which is centrally involved in cortical malformations.
4364h agoSpinal cord disinhibition converts most excitatory neurons into highly polymodal cells, unmasking a previously dormant excitatory circuit that spans both superficial and deep dorsal horn laminae, leading to neuropathic pain.
4364h agoPredicting how brain features change over time improves the accuracy of seizure forecasting models that use continuous intracranial EEG recordings.
4364h agoThe human prefrontal cortex shows a clear response to different levels of stimulation, with its activity increasing in a predictable, S-shaped curve in more than half of healthy participants.
4364h agoLearning new words in a second language works best through overall exposure and cumulative practice, and leads to more efficient neural processing and a reorganization of semantic processing.
4364h agoA history of depression in people with Huntington's disease is associated with reduced flexibility in brain connections, particularly in pathways involving the striatum and hippocampus.
4368h agoShort-pulse oxygen inhalation boosts creative problem-solving by enhancing both the quality and quantity of creative ideas.
4368h agoCortical areas with similar myeloarchitecture show similar patterns of gene co-expression in key neuronal cell types, and follow coordinated developmental trajectories across the cortical hierarchy in marmosets.
4376h agoPropagation mapping, a novel framework, accurately predicts the spatial organization of brain maps by modeling regional signal amplitude and connectivity.
4376h agoDscam1 shapes presynaptic architecture and supports circuit performance by regulating presynaptic terminal size, which in turn affects the distribution of synaptic proteins and overall circuit function.
4376h agoLocal thalamic interneurons play a crucial role in regulating brain activity during sleep and sensory learning by inducing rebound oscillations and controlling spindle formation.
4376h agoBeta bursts in the amygdala and hippocampus coordinate emotional processing by regulating neural activity, specifically suppressing hippocampal firing during negative emotions.
4376h agoAlpha-band neural oscillations directly affect visual detection by modulating sensitivity through changes in internal noise and sensory tuning to relevant stimulus features.
4380h agoThe prediction of future fasting rapidly activates AgRP neurons, which cause hunger, through excitatory input from paraventricular hypothalamic neurons expressing Sim2.
4380h agoCerebrovascular inflammation compromises blood-brain barrier integrity in Alzheimer's disease through a specific pathway involving the NF-KB-associated endothelial gene module endoM2.
4380h agoA standardized protocol improves the accuracy and consistency of synapse identification in volumetric electron microscopy by combining machine learning and human annotation.
4392h agoThe brain builds predictive models by creating compositional representations that enable flexibility and adaptability, allowing it to generalize to new environments by combining independent modules.
4400h agoVisual information provides two independent benefits to listening: one through lip reading and the other through enhanced auditory streaming.
4400h agoCognitive flexibility is linked to two neural signatures: a transient frontal theta increase and a sustained alpha/beta suppression, which occur during task switching and are distinct from general cognitive abilities.
4400h agoDuring human brain development, neurons increase the GluN2A subunit of NMDA receptors, which helps regulate their function, and this change is crucial for normal NMDA receptor activity.
4400h agoThe prediction of a trajectory is temporarily stopped after a change in the trajectory, and the cerebellum helps to process and adjust this prediction.
4400h agoAn automated method using deep learning helps a visual neuroprosthesis generate optimal stimulation patterns that evoke targeted neural responses, improving sight restoration in a blind participant.
4412h agoRespiratory alignment is dynamically adjusted according to task demands, with people aligning their breathing more consistently around stimulus onset for trials that require more effort or have stricter deadlines.
4412h agoEMO predicts how noncoding variants regulate gene expression across tissues and single cells by integrating DNA sequence and chromatin accessibility data.
4420h agoA brain rhythm-based inference model shows that rhythmic neural activity enables robust speech processing by dynamically predicting context.
4420h agoSensory information converges onto a common output neuron, MBON-m1, which encodes whether cues are attractive or repulsive and guides navigation.
4420h agoDifferent hormonal environments influence widespread brain volume changes linked to progesterone or estradiol.
4424h agoReducing plasma cholesterol levels protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss by preserving cochlear outer hair cells, and this is the mechanism by which statins exert their protective effect.
4424h agoNDNF cortical interneurons presynaptically inhibit somatostatin interneurons in Layer1 of the visual cortex, modulating inhibitory responses in pyramidal neurons and enabling context-dependent visual processing during specific behavioral conditions.
4428h agoThe feedback circuit from retrosplenial cortex to primary visual cortex relays selective visual signals that match the region of the visual field being processed and predict upcoming visual activity during movement.
4428h agoThe posterior insular cortex generates a plastic representation of an auditory cue during fear learning, driven by long-term potentiation of an associative cortical input.
4428h agoMemory engrams change over time as neurons switch and brain regions interact, and this process allows for memory consolidation.
4428h agoStimulation of NMDA receptors triggers a signaling pathway that disassembles RNP granules, leading to local protein synthesis and axonal regeneration.
4428h agoNaked mole-rats have a greatly expanded cold sensing system, with more cold-sensitive sensory neurons and multiple mechanisms to detect cold, which helps them adapt to their environment.
4428h agoSARS-CoV-2 infection causes widespread changes in DNA methylation in the blood, with more severe cases showing greater changes, and these changes may link to long-term neurological and psychiatric disorders.
4428h agoA dual-path framework reconstructs natural and intelligible speech from brain recordings by concurrently decoding acoustic and linguistic representations.
4428h agoThe striatum plays a key role in determining whether a goal is worth the required cognitive effort by encoding both the benefits and costs of actions.
4428h agoPeople with subjective cognitive decline have weaker brain responses to certain types of speech, especially less engaging and prosodically flat speech.
4432h agoIntervener Complexity, which measures the number of intervening heads between a head and its dependent, is positively associated with sentence-level memory load, along with sentence length and dependency length.
4432h agoSpeech foundation models' alignment with brain responses is mainly driven by their ability to learn and encode simple speech features, and they exhibit a trade-off between encoding low-level and high-level features across layers.
4432h agoNeural networks with ReLU activation function operate in an affine manner over convex polyhedra, and their representations have homology groups isomorphic to quotient homology groups, allowing intrinsic calculation of Betti numbers.
4432h agoA new technique called ML-PWS uses machine learning to accurately calculate the information transmission rate of stochastic systems from experimental time-series data.
4432h agoNonreciprocal interactions in oscillator networks drive spatiotemporal chaos through two distinct pathways, either by amplifying instabilities or broadening eigenfrequency distributions, while dissipative nonlinearities suppress chaos.
4432h agoThe Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) matrix model represents quantum chaotic systems with time-reversal symmetry, and its universal level statistics can be expressed in a topological expansion with a finite radius of convergence.
4432h agoSpatial structure plays a crucial role in the evolution of cooperative behavior, and random and directed motion affect spatial pattern formation and population payoff in a hawk-dove game.
4432h agoA non-commutative five-dimensional Chern-Simons theory compactifies to a Lagrangian formulation of the KP equation, which describes a three-dimensional integrable system.
4432h agoNew families of classical stochastic dynamics stabilize order in two and higher dimensions without symmetry, with some models maintaining order only in two dimensions.
4432h agoThe Stochastic Box-Ball System, a probabilistic cellular automaton, exhibits long-term behavior governed by isolated particles and occasional emergence of short solitons, which rarely form longer solitons.
4432h agoA deterministic denoising algorithm based on Markov chains improves efficiency and sample quality in text and image generation tasks for discrete-state diffusion models.
4432h agoTwo coherently coupled dissipative time crystals exhibit chaotic synchronization with a crossover from staggered to uniform magnetization, and this behavior persists in finite-size quantum dynamics.
4432h agoA new methodology analyzes chaotic itinerancy in dynamical systems using entropy and clustering algorithms to identify quasi-stable states and chaotic transitions.
4432h agoThe two-star random graph model has a set of auxiliary variables that control its thermodynamic limit as the number of vertices tends to infinity.
4432h agoElectromagnetic waves in pair plasma experience Anderson self-localization, leading to reflection and separation into trapped pockets, due to random density fluctuations created by the waves themselves.
4432h agoThe particle-scale dynamics of highly concentrated particle-fluid mixtures transition smoothly among viscous, collisional, and visco-collisional behaviours as material properties and applied stresses change.
4432h agoSize-dependent critical states exhibit critical localization signatures only at finite sizes but transition to Anderson localization in the thermodynamic limit.
4432h agoTailoring the cellular nanostructure of samarium-cobalt-based magnets improves magnetic performance by enhancing coercivity through specific nanostructural and magnetic features.
4432h agoEntanglement asymmetry grows in two scenarios where symmetry is broken, exhibiting overshooting behavior, and remains broken in one scenario, consistent with quantum thermalization principles.
4432h agoA method for analyzing the joint probability density of an eigenvalue and its associated right eigenvector for non-Hermitian random matrices is suggested, allowing derivation of the density in specific cases and providing insights into eigenvalue and eigenvector distributions.
4432h agoThe theory predicts the densest packing fraction of bidisperse disc packings based on the sizes ratio and concentrations of the disc types.
4432h agoGuillain-Barré syndrome causes weakness, sensory loss, and neuropathic pain through immune responses that involve specific interactions between leukocytes and peripheral nervous system cells.
4432h agoGenome editing using the RHO1-2 meganuclease arrests rod photoreceptor degeneration, restores retinal function, and maintains cones in a large animal model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa caused by the P23H mutation in the rhodopsin gene.
4432h agoMeditative states of consciousness, known as minimal phenomenal experiences, are associated with a shift in brain activity towards a more flexible and open state, where usual patterns of brain activity give way to generalized flexibility.
4432h agoVisual onsets suppress the generation of saccades, and the direction of saccades that do occur reflects the neural responses to visual stimuli in the brain, with vision dominating sound in this process.
4432h agoAntibodies against amyloid-beta distribute not only to amyloid plaques but also to neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels in the brain.
4432h agoThe interactions of turbulent vortices in the brain provide a framework for understanding cognition and brain computation.
4432h agoDepletion of the enzyme dNmnat causes axon degeneration, and mutations that suppress this degeneration reveal new links between NAD-related metabolites and neuronal survival.
4432h agoA mathematical framework based on an exponential map model creates transparent neural representations of physical space, revealing exact algebraic conditions for key properties such as path invariance, translational invariance, and metric preservation.
4432h agoMicroglia show the strongest evidence for disease association across a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, and a specific microglial signature can be used as a biomarker for conserved microglial activation.
4432h agoThe analysis identifies causal regulatory genes and their networks across different brain cell types, revealing established and novel regulations, pathways, and hub genes involved in Alzheimer's disease.
4432h agoThe database provides high-quality brain imaging data from 40 participants, including scans from movie-watching and sensory mapping tasks, to support the study of brain function.
4432h agoDynamic Network States (DyNeStE) model successfully recovers dynamic brain network states and captures long-range temporal dependencies in network dynamics, providing an interpretable framework for understanding large-scale neural activity.
4432h agoReal-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback using representational similarity analysis helps people change their emotional states by providing visual feedback on brain activity, allowing them to shift towards specific emotional patterns.
4432h agoAging alters the use and representation of boundary information, leading to changes in spatial memory, with older adults relying more heavily on proximity to boundaries when navigating and recalling object locations.
4432h agoPreparatory activity in the human motor cortex encodes diverse features of upcoming movements, including direction, curvature, distance, and speed, which can be used to improve brain-computer interfaces.
4432h agoChronic stress alters the activity of the lateral habenula, a key brain region for decision-making, in a sex-dependent manner, without impairing behavioral flexibility.
4432h agoNeural networks develop different strategies to recall information, and the best ones use a stimulus-invariant index code that focuses on the position of each item, creating a stable scaffold for forward recall.
4432h agoDistraction has a unique neural signature characterized by attenuated event-related potentials and weaker large-scale neural coordination, which can be reliably predicted by EEG activity.
4432h agoA novel device that delivers smells in sync with a person's breathing cycle reveals that neural activity changes during the first inhalation after smelling an odor, and this change can accurately classify individual odor identification.
4432h agoTranscranial Focused Ultrasound (tFUS) stimulation causes neurodegeneration in brain regions associated with stimulation and in functionally connected areas, even without disrupting motor skills.
4432h agoA new human cell-based model allows for the study of connections between corticospinal and spinal motor neurons, mimicking the human corticospinal tract and enabling research into neurodegenerative diseases.
4432h agoAmphisomes containing BDNF/TrkB that can signal are formed at presynaptic boutons after high-frequency stimulation and contribute to the fast turnover of key presynaptic proteins.
4432h agoAuditory cues guide eye movements to expected locations during navigation, and removing them impairs predictive gaze and increases collisions.
4432h agoThe Minds AI Filter, a lightweight physics-based method, enhances neural activity in EEG data while suppressing non-neural noise by exploiting spatial structure and band-aware synchrony.
4432h agoA computational model based on the concept of "memory" predicts activity-dependent conduction velocity changes of action potentials in unmyelinated axons with low errors.
4432h agoBeta cortico-cortical coherence between motor cortex and other cortical regions better predicts movement vigor than beta power.
4432h agoA new method uses ultra-high resolution MRI to infer cell types and molecular pathways in the brain, allowing for the prediction of disease features in Parkinson's patients.
4432h agoSlower movement speeds improve edge-orientation discrimination, while faster speeds worsen it, and people's natural movement speed does not predict their ability to discriminate edge orientation.
4432h agoEliminating gap junctions in mice impairs their ability to discriminate between similar odors, and reduces the excitation of output cells in the olfactory bulb in response to sensory stimulation.
4432h agoThe sensorimotor system controls bilateral arm movements by adjusting coordination along movement direction and extent independently based on task demands, prioritizing corrections for deviations that impact task goals.
4432h agoAbsence seizures occur when brain dynamics are confined to a chaotic attractor, driven by synchronized feedback loops between the cortex, thalamus, and specific neurons, leading to sudden lapses in consciousness.
4436h agoStructural connectivity helps regulate functional brain signals differently in control and semantic cognitive systems as people age, particularly around midlife.
4436h agoConscious awareness of a stimulus can emerge retrospectively, following a rhythmically structured and temporally constrained process that involves damped oscillations in attention and perception.
4436h agoNeural representations of familiar peers are initially similar across people, but become more unique to each individual over time as they gain personal experiences.
4436h agoA 3D map of a pygmy squid's nervous system was created using X-ray holographic nanotomography, revealing large-scale connectivity and major body regions.
4436h agoThe brain encodes complex motion signals in a structured and distributed code, extracting individual features in a specific order and combining them through a simple summation mechanism.
4440h agoGABAergic lung-stretch feedback circuits promote rhythmic breathing by creating a temporary stable state that terminates diaphragmatic contraction, while glutamatergic signaling opposes this effect to promote rapid inspiration.
4440h agoCombining whole-brain activity imaging with electron microscopy allows identifying neurons with specific functions, and this approach reveals a distributed network of brain neurons involved in processing painful stimuli in Drosophila larva.
4440h agoThe accumulation of specific types of tau protein, called bioactive oligomers, which are small and phosphorylated on their surface, can induce seeding and templated misfolding in cells and support the formation of fibrils.
4440h agoA new tool accelerates the segmentation of brain MRI scans, enabling fast and highly granular analysis of brain structure at a fraction of the computational cost of existing methods.
4444h agoOctopamine signaling from specific clock neurons regulates long-term memory in Drosophila, with octopamine from LNds essential for memory maintenance and octopamine from Pdf neurons essential for memory consolidation.
4444h agoLarge language models offer promises and perils across scientific domains, with emerging applications and challenges to overcome.
4444h agoProgenitors born at E16 generate NG2-glia with enhanced proliferative capacity, while those born at P0 are more likely to form oligodendrocytes, establishing a developmental framework for adult NG2-glia heterogeneity.
4448h agoBrain activity has rhythmic and arrhythmic components that contribute to conscious perception, and standard analytic methods often confuse these two components, but an alternative approach can effectively separate them.
4448h agoAmphisomes in neurons integrate degradative transport with activity-dependent signalling.
4448h agoCooperative behavior relies on specific strategies, which are disrupted in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder, leading to deficits in adaptive behavior.
4448h agoGlutamatergic synapses between the central nucleus of the amygdala and the caudal pontine reticular nucleus contribute to sensorimotor gating regulation and are a potential therapeutic target for disorders with impaired sensorimotor gating, such as schizophrenia.
4448h agoGluN3A subunits form excitatory glycine receptors that regulate cell and circuit excitability in the hippocampus through direct excitation of specific interneurons, influencing brain development, plasticity, and function.
4448h agoBrain networks switch between different states to meet energy demands, and girls and boys differ in these states, with better cognitive performance linked to more flexible switching.
4448h agoCalpain-2 inhibition or deletion increases neurogenesis and maturation of dendritic spines in adult mice by increasing levels of the transcription factor MEIS2.
4448h agoA new computer network called RAVEN can increase the resolution of brain MRI images, allowing for better detection of subtle changes related to healthy aging and disease.
4452h agoDifferential phase shifts across grid cell modules form the basis for the orthogonalization of downstream hippocampal spatial codes during remapping.
4452h agoIschemia and spreading depolarization disrupt normal brain function by altering ion concentrations, with calcium accumulating most in basilar dendrites and ischemia causing higher intracellular chloride levels in distal apical dendrites.
4452h agoThe synaptic connections between Kenyon cells and mushroom body output neurons play a key role in the brain's ability to distinguish between different odors.
4456h agoHeterogeneity across layers of a multilayer network influences dynamics on the whole network, with interlayer edges involving peripheral nodes often exerting more influence than those involving core nodes.
4456h agoThe study finds that vision-language models contain distinct types of neurons, including visual neurons, text neurons, and multi-modal neurons that process visual or text information, or both.
4456h agoAffective states emerge through coupled active inference between individuals, modeled as reciprocal interactions that track prediction errors and self-relevance to compute valence.
4456h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly focused on.
4456h agoThe Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem provides exact formulas that relate changes in model parameters to changes in system statistics, enabling efficient calibration of complex dynamical systems.
4456h agoThe Orlov-Schulman symmetries are constructed for the Manakov-Santini hierarchy and proven compatible with its basic flows.
4456h agoOpinion dynamics in a population transition from a bipolarized state to a consensus state as the interaction threshold between individuals changes, with a diverse population tending to reach consensus sooner than a homogeneous one.
4456h agoQuantum integrability in a spin chain model appears when the interaction strength has a rational value, and its absence is marked by Poisson statistics in the eigenvalue spacing.
4456h agoChirality in chase-and-run dynamics enhances pattern formation, suppresses oscillations, and creates new dynamical structures, such as rotating pulses, in populations that pursue or flee from each other.
4456h agoDiscrete-time biological systems can be accurately described by continuous-time models governed by differential equations that precisely match the original discrete-time behavior.
4456h agoThe four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory can realize integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theories through dynamical coordinate transformations.
4456h agoNeural networks with certain properties can have a set of weights that assign the same labels to all data, making it hard to find a collision, and this hardness emerges when the overlap gap property appears in the space of collisions.
4456h agoPhase change materials made of Ge$_2$Sb$_2$Te$_{5-5x}$Se$_{5x}$ exhibit metallic behavior and their electronic interactions can be tuned via chemical doping.
4456h agoThe relaxation timescales of a disordered spin-$1/2$ XX ladder are connected to its transport properties, with the RMT time scaling quadratically with system size and upper bounding the Thouless times, and spin diffusion proceeding faster than energy diffusion.
4456h agoA new theoretical framework simulates complex molecular ordering in Langmuir monolayers, describing intricate structures and matching experimental data.
4456h agoA disorder-guaranteeing theory predicts the packing fraction of the densest bidisperse packings of discs, which depends on the size ratio and concentrations of the disc types.
4456h agoA one-dimensional quasiperiodic tight-binding model exhibits localization-delocalization phase transitions and a quantum Mpemba effect, where states farther from the steady state can relax faster than states closer to it.
4456h agoThe Ising ferromagnet with long-range power-law interactions has a ferromagnetic phase at finite temperature when the interaction range exponent a is between 0.74 and 2.
4456h agoCharge disorder in dielectric slabs causes a downward shift of an atom's energy levels, resulting in an attractive force that can overcome the Casimir-Polder force at large atom-surface separations.
4456h agoRose Bengal causes rapid vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow, while light used in photothrombosis induces tissue heating and increased blood flow, and male mice have larger strokes than females.
4456h agoHormonal state and social context interact to determine social behavior, with gonadal hormones playing a key role in coordinating territorial behaviors through hormone-sensitive neurons.
4460h agoBlood-derived dietary protein drives sustained increases in sleep and reduced locomotion in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.
4464h agoKisspeptin neurons in a specific area of the brain show a prolonged oscillatory activity pattern that depends on estrogen and triggers the luteinizing hormone surge that leads to ovulation.
4464h agoA specific neural circuit in the brain, modulated by cannabinoid1 receptor, maintains defensive homeostasis in risk assessment in a female-specific manner.
4464h agoThe cortex represents the body's configuration in space by organizing the body schema around actions, using a neural code that is anchored to gravity and aware of actions.
4464h agoSeeing other fish escape helps a fish escape from danger, and specific brain areas are activated when a fish sees its social partners rapidly escape or disappear.
4464h agoAgeing and diabetic polyneuropathy affect thermal perception by reducing sensitivity and precision, particularly for cold detection, and combining these parameters can help distinguish patients from healthy controls.
4464h agoThe porcine lumbar spine provides a reliable model for endoscopic spine surgery training with modifications for optimal anatomical correlation and surgical ergonomics.
4468h agoNTG skin fibroblasts have similar mitochondrial and glycolytic function, glucose metabolism, amino acid profile, and oxidative stress resilience as controls.
4472h agoThe presence of a social component in speech strengthens neural responses to the speech envelope, indicating heightened listener engagement, and neural processing differs depending on the level of social relevance of the speech material.
4472h agoPlanning is implemented in neural circuits through a "spacetime attractor" that embeds environment structure in synaptic connections, allowing the brain to anticipate the future and adjust actions accordingly.
4472h agoThe development of neural circuits that control the heart follows a staged program, starting with brain-to-heart vagal motor innervation, then sympathetic innervation, and finally vagal sensory neurons innervating the heart.
4476h agoA novel deep learning framework called SBIND models spatiotemporal dependencies in neural images, disentangles behaviorally relevant dynamics, and outperforms existing models in predicting neural-behavioral relationships.
4480h agoA new framework combining data-driven noise evaluation and advanced signal visualization improves the signal quality of EEG-based brain-computer interfaces by recovering key characteristics of brain activity and precisely locating their sources.
4480h agoNeural populations are driven by complex recurrent structures and external inputs, and BRAID, a deep learning framework, models these dynamics underlying behavior by incorporating measured external inputs.
4480h agoCombining psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics provides a deeper understanding of language processing, leading to more effective rehabilitation strategies.
4480h agoA temporal complexity analysis of a biologically-inspired Hopfield-type neural network model reveals that scale-free and random network topologies exhibit similar dynamical behaviors and temporal complexity characteristics, with scale-free topologies showing reduced noise.
4480h agoSelf-induced trance states alter brain activity in areas linked to rich subjective experiences, including the frontal regions, the posterior cingulate cortex, and the left parietal cortex.
4480h agoProbabilistic Geometric Principal Component Analysis (PGPCA) is a new dimensionality reduction algorithm that incorporates knowledge about nonlinear manifold geometry to better describe data distributions.
4480h agoA novel method combining discrete wavelet transform and graph theory accurately captures dynamic brain network changes, allowing for early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
4480h agoLarge Language Models lack working memory, which leads to unrealistic responses, self-contradictions, and struggles with mental reasoning tasks.
4480h agoA reaction-advection-diffusion model identifies critical thresholds of policing intensity that can lead to persistent crime hotspots or oscillatory crime-policing cycles.
4480h agoOptimal networks for synchrony have a combination of characteristics including being sparse, bipartite, elongated, and extremely monophilic.
4480h agoNonlinearity in the Schrödinger equation leads to rich phenomena, and a new model with curvature-dependent dynamics links to a topological quantity, producing robust soliton structures and flat-top beams.
4480h agoA dimensional reduction approach allows for the exact capture of high-dimensional dynamics in coupled oscillator networks using a set of closed-form macroscopic equations.
4480h agoNew predator-prey models that account for memory and kicks are proposed, using fractional derivatives and periodic kicks to describe behaviors of predators and prey with power-law fading memory.
4480h agoA temporal complexity analysis of a biologically-inspired Hopfield-type neural network model reveals that scale-free and random network topologies exhibit similar dynamical behaviors and temporal complexity characteristics, with scale-free topologies showing reduced noise.
4480h agoThe statistics of a chaotic system can be predicted by constructing a sequence of periodic differential operators and computing their densities of states.
4480h agoChimera states emerge in non-reciprocal higher-order structures called m-directed hypergraphs because of the directionality and the higher-order topology, allowing coherent and incoherent regions to coexist.
4480h agoA novel framework called "Specific Object-of-Interest Imaging" enhances image inpainting by extracting object-level representations from complex scenes, leading to more accurate and efficient image repair.
4480h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, and this structure can be extended to Riemann surfaces of any genus.
4480h agoSize-dependent critical states exist in quasiperiodic systems, displaying critical localization signatures only at finite sizes before transitioning to Anderson localization in the thermodynamic limit.
4480h agoPeriodic twisting of two superimposed square-lattice potentials creates a spatially varying multi-frequency drive that leads to ring-shaped states with non-trivial topological signatures.
4480h agoDifferent initial configurations evolve into distinct states in quantum systems near a phase transition, enabling classification of states in quantum cellular automata and neural networks.
4480h agoThe weak localization theory for graphene heterostructures reveals that valley-Zeeman splitting affects magnetoconductivity only when Rashba splitting is present, and inter-valley scattering reverses the conductivity sign.
4480h agoThe study finds that light-driven excitation transfer in an artificial LH1-RC complex shows a narrow efficiency peak on resonance, and environmentally assisted transport with an optimum dephasing level off resonance.
4480h agoA DC electric field affects Anderson localization in a disordered electronic lattice, causing a counterintuitive shift of the distribution edge in the opposite direction of the band edge.
4480h agoElectric-field-assisted variable range hopping enables nonlinear transport in disordered one-dimensional insulating chains, following a scaling law where conductivity increases nonlinearly with electric field strength.
4480h agoTime crystalline structures can be used to create a broad range of quantum devices, including a quantum computer, by serving as temporal lattices that allow for arbitrarily connected and reconfigurable elements.
4480h agoSpinal interneurons called dI3 play an essential role in adapting motor activity to meet a specific target or intention, allowing for the acquisition of new motor behaviors without input from the brain.
4488h agoNegative symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with lower cortical thickness and subcortical volumes, particularly in the frontal lobe and limbic regions.
4492h agoActive learning in physics courses changes brain connectivity in students, particularly increasing connections between the hippocampus and certain brain regions, unlike lecture-based learning.
4500h agoThe MicroBCI device enables the recording of EEG, EMG, and ECG signals and functions as a brain-computer interface, allowing for reliable noise performance and accurate detection of key neurological signals.
4504h agoEmotions are recognized patterns of cognitive activities that occur in response to deviations between an agent's goals and actions.
4504h agoA novel framework called EDT-PA identifies disease-specific brain connectivity patterns and accurately classifies brain disorders by modeling high-order dependencies between brain regions.
4504h agoQuantum-like modeling helps explain decision-making and cognition by applying quantum theory concepts to brain function, specifically by generating mental entanglement through classical neuronal networks.
4504h agoConvolutional neural networks are best at capturing functional patterns in human brain activity for classifying biological sex.
4504h agoLarge Language Models emulate human memory effects, such as remembering less with too much information and better with repeated exposure, but differ in susceptibility to presentation order and processing of meaningless material.
4504h agoA graph-based neural inference model infers latent neural connectivity by predicting neural activity and modeling neurons as interacting nodes in a graph, outperforming standard baselines in a wide range of conditions.
4504h agoA low-cost method for acquiring and analyzing electrogastrogram data uses a simple amplifier and a processing pipeline to minimize data loss and researcher bias.
4504h agoGenerative pretraining enables language models to learn from vast amounts of internet text, and these models can be adapted to a wide range of tasks in the brain sciences to illuminate computational principles.
4504h agoSparse ICA extracts relevant brain activation patterns without needing extra processing, performing competitively with classical methods and identifying clear activation areas in non-human primate neuroimaging data.
4504h agoA proposed criterion for phenomenal consciousness suggests that any machine meeting the condition should be regarded as conscious with the same level of confidence as humans.
4504h agoA unified framework for heat kernel smoothing on simplicial complexes extends signal processing to higher-order relationships in networks, allowing for enhanced signal quality and more accurate representation of complex biological systems.
4504h agoA neurogeometric model encodes complex motor primitives in the arm area of the motor cortex, reflecting the brain's hierarchical structure and its ability to extract local and global properties.
4504h agoSecond-person neuroscience models social cognition as embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where affect emerges from inference over identity-relevant surprise and is computed from self-model prediction error.
4504h agoDeep Cluster Atlas (DCA) generates individualized brain maps that improve analysis of brain imaging data by creating functionally coherent and spatially contiguous regions.
4504h agoTrust depends on decision-making processes in neural systems and arises from multiple parallel systems that process information in different ways.
4504h agoAnts navigating through narrow passages manage bidirectional flow by changing direction when encountering ants moving in opposite directions, a behaviour consistent with game-theoretic predictions under bounded rationality.
4504h agoA combination of a lattice potential and an inverted cubic-quintic nonlinearity sustains stable one- and two-dimensional solitons in the semi-infinite bandgap.
4504h agoA novel twelve-component and six-component semi-discrete nonlinear system was developed, which can model actions of external parametric drive and uniform magnetic field and has specific properties for charge transportation.
4504h agoA collection of nonlinear integrable partial differential-difference equations satisfies the one-point distribution functions of some classical integrable KPZ models, and these equations are reparametrizations or scaling limits of the Hirota bilinear difference equation.
4504h agoA new physical law shows universality across various thermodynamical systems, exhibiting chaotic behavior under different conditions and relating to the Chaotic Action Principle.
4504h agoA newly discovered epithelial reticulum emerges during late maturation, comprising interpenetrating networks of cycling and non-cycling cells with varying mechanical properties, and self-organizes close to criticality to maintain epithelial homeostasis.
4504h agoA critical transition emerges in a stochastic exponential Modern Hopfield Network when the noise level reaches a certain threshold, marked by a change in the network's temporal memory and correlation dynamics.
4504h agoThe active Potts models show coarsening dynamics that follow the Lifshitz-Allen-Cahn law, but with a transient increase in growth rate and coarsening exponent when spiral waves are absent.
4504h agoA given static pattern distribution strongly constrains its underlying dynamics, which can be recovered using the Equilibrium flow method, a framework that learns continuous dynamics preserving the pattern distribution.
4504h agoThe study models synchronization using a mean field game formulation of the Kuramoto model, finding that diversity in intrinsic frequencies impacts synchronization patterns and stability.
4504h agoThe Sawada-Kotera differential-difference equation has multiple "tau-functions" that relate to each other, but only one of them fits into the Hirota bilinear form.
4504h agoChimera states emerge in non-reciprocal higher-order structures called m-directed hypergraphs because of the directionality and the higher-order topology, allowing coherent and incoherent regions to coexist despite non-reciprocal coupling.
4504h agoThis study derives analytical formulae for statistical properties of infinite-modal maps to predict extreme events in nonlinear dynamical systems.
4504h agoPatterns of evenly spaced rocks on Mars and Earth are more orderly than expected and can emerge spontaneously through the interaction of wind, gravity, and surface evolution.
4504h agoHomoclinic and heteroclinic connections in dynamical systems form cycles and networks that organize global phenomena, and asymptotic stability for general sequences along these networks is defined.
4504h agoA new method derives general recurrence relations for off-shell Bethe vectors in quantum integrable models with symmetries of type $\mathfrak{gl}_n$ or $\mathfrak{o}_{2n+1}$.
4504h agoEnergy-band thermalization allows an observable to thermalize in almost all states over accessible timescales without relying on microscopic properties of energy eigenvalues or eigenstates.
4504h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate when the nonlinearity exceeds a certain threshold.
4504h agoOne-dimensional weak topology induces an intermediate quasi-localized phase between metal and Anderson-localized phases in disordered lattice models.
4504h agoThe strong disorder renormalization group method is extended to study excited states and finite temperature properties of bond disordered antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains, finding that the distribution of couplings affects magnetic properties.
4504h agoThe ground state of the disordered interacting fermionic Hatano-Nelson model consists of strongly coupled pairs of spins at random positions, which leads to a negative and divergent magnetic susceptibility and a saturated entanglement entropy.
4504h agoA dynamic phase transition occurs in supercooled water when a small percentage of active molecules move, triggered by the system cooperativity, at a constant temperature.
4504h agoA custom convolutional neural network model directly extracts two-level system parameters, including frequency, coupling strength, dissipation time, and pure dephasing time, from simulated spectroscopy data.
4504h agoNonreciprocal interactions change the universality class of pairs of asymmetrically coupled systems undergoing a phase transition if certain criteria based on unperturbed critical exponents are met.
4504h agoIn one-dimensional topologically nontrivial systems with periodic driving and chiral symmetry, a localization-delocalization transition occurs as time varies within the driving period.
4504h agoThe study verifies a "min-max" formula for the free energy of vector spin glass models with additional deterministic spin interactions.
4504h agoDisorder can enhance ferromagnetism in a metal with repulsive interactions, and may even induce a ferromagnetic state in a non-ferromagnetic material, leading to the existence of a spin-glass phase at high disorder strengths.
4504h agoThe elastic properties of critically elastic materials are interrelated in a universal way that depends on the properties of their parent systems.
4504h agoPseudo-entropy, a new entanglement measure, is useful in detecting quantum phase transitions and chaos in quantum systems.
4504h agoAutoregressive neural quantum states show transitions in their average entanglement scaling, entanglement spectra, and correlation functions, and their normalization function affects entanglement and fluctuations.
4504h agoGene expression changes in the hippocampus during offline memory maintenance are characterized by regionalized differential expression of genes involved in synaptic functions and a reduction of metabolic activity across hippocampal sub-regions and memory-associated neuronal ensembles.
4504h agoThe peptide HAEE is naturally present in human blood plasma and its levels are lower in patients with Alzheimer's disease, making it a potential biomarker for diagnosis.
4504h agoNeural maturation involves large-scale changes in gene expression, chromosome conformation, and nuclear organization, but these processes are defective in motor neurons derived from ALS patients with C9orf72 gene mutations.
4504h agoThe mammalian cerebral cortex is made up of neurons that form a continuous range of cell types, with their properties varying gradually along the depth of the cortex. Or a rewritten version in a simpler sentence: Neurons in the cerebral cortex form a continuous range of cell types, varying gradually in properties along the cortex depth.
4504h agoRats in an open field exhibit distinct behavioral modes accompanied by marked changes in brain activity and regional communication between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
4504h agoThe cerebellohippocampal circuit's functional connectivity relates to cognitive performance, differs by sex and dementia risk, and may act as a compensatory network for short-term recall in older adults.
4504h agoInterleaving similar tasks during learning hinders performance, while blocking similar tasks improves performance and facilitates transfer, but only when one task is learned before the other.
4504h agoInhibitory neurons play a critical role in memory storage and management by functionally separating from excitatory neurons and interacting with them through modular connections.
4508h agoMotor skill learning causes microstructural changes in the brain, specifically a transient enlargement of cell soma and a sustained rise in cell-process density in certain areas, indicating that both homeostatic responses and structural plasticity contribute to motor memory consolidation.
4508h agoOpioids cause gene expression changes mainly in glial cells and dopamine neurons in the brain's reward circuits, through indirect mechanisms involving stress hormones, leading to neural adaptations.
4508h agoThe human auditory cortex prioritizes sounds differently based on their emotional content and type, with people who have misophonia symptoms showing a stronger response to certain sounds, especially orofacial ones.
4508h agoNewborns have a sophisticated visual brain architecture that is already organized into three distinct pathways, each with a hierarchical structure and adult-like organization, which emerges through intrinsic developmental mechanisms across late gestation.
4508h agoConvergent synaptic motifs, where multiple axons synapse onto the same target, are a common feature of neural circuits in the insect brain, including the Mushroom Body, and may optimize information transfer while conserving neural resources.
4508h agoAging reduces the ability of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to differentiate into myelinating cells, but these cells can still remyelinate the central nervous system in response to an inflammatory insult.
4508h agoRepeated seizures lead to changes in brain cells, including increased inflammation and metabolic problems, in areas that control breathing, which may contribute to Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP).
4508h agoInhibiting BET proteins reduces inflammation and amyloid-beta levels in the brain during a systemic inflammatory response in mice.
4508h agoThe mid-level sensory cortex, specifically area V4, contains signals that support recognition memory, with sparse coding and population response consistency predicting behavior.
4508h agoNeutral CB1R antagonism suppresses consummatory and motivated behaviors via dopamine-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
4512h agoA specific pair of mechanosensory neurons, expressing the mechanosensitive channels TMC, helps coordinate muscle contractions during ovulation in fruit flies by forming synapses with motor neurons to prevent egg jamming.
4512h agoPhaseICA, a novel data-driven approach, extracts reoccurring spatiotemporal patterns from brain activity by incorporating phase information, capturing spatial propagation across brain regions with interpretable representations.
4512h agoAlpha-synuclein transmitted from neuron to neuron through exosomes downregulates the frequency of retrograde carriers in recipient neurons, disrupting essential axonal trafficking.
4512h agoSensory neurons and non-neuronal cells in the dorsal root ganglia regulate pain and other sensations, and changes in gene expression in these cells contribute to pain conditions.
4512h agoProprioceptive input to the primary motor cortex is generally suppressed during motor execution, but specific signals from antagonist muscles are selectively maintained to support posture control.
4512h agoTemporal Interference stimulation can bidirectionally modulate memory encoding by either impairing or enhancing recall depending on the frequency and target brain regions.
4512h agoRepeated seizures lead to changes in brainstem neurons, particularly in the Raphe Magnus region, which controls breathing and heart rate, with most changes occurring in local neurons.
4512h agoThe cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients is cytotoxic and kills cells, which may be due to the presence of cellular-damaging factors and reflect immunogenic cell death occurrence in the central nervous system.
4512h agoDefective dopamine storage in vesicles, caused by low ATP levels and impaired VMAT2 function, leads to dopamine oxidation and accumulation of toxic protein in Parkinson's disease.
4512h agoUsing diffusion MR images improves the accuracy of registering regions of interest in the brainstem for fMRI studies.
4512h agoPatients with post-acute anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis experience reduced structural brain complexity, which is linked to residual psychiatric symptoms and memory dysfunction.
4512h agoAttention helps resolve ambiguity in visual perception by biasing competition between object representations in the brain when multiple objects are present.
4516h agoBrain activity fluctuations affect decision-making and behavior, with internal states showing distinct activation patterns that reflect different types of sensory evidence and bias.
4516h agoThe prefrontal cortex uses a mix of generalist and task-specialized neural populations to support flexible decision-making, with the population structure becoming more modular as task rules change.
4516h agoNeonatal microglia transplantation promotes repair and regeneration in the adult central nervous system by reducing inflammation, promoting remyelination, and reversing cognitive decline.
4516h agoTraining improves sound localization by changing how neurons in the inferior colliculus process and decode sound, allowing the brain to adapt to abnormal hearing conditions.
4516h agoBeta-band activity in the motor cortex changes with practice, becoming more temporally precise and consistent, and reorganizing with training to reflect a neural readout of learning progression.
4516h agoA neural circuit from the medial septum to the subfornical organ helps prevent overhydration in mice by combining signals from the mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
4520h agoAdding lateral connections to Convolutional Neural Networks improves classification accuracy and makes their properties more similar to those of the mammalian visual system.
4528h agoBrain-to-image reconstruction models can accurately externalize subjective visual experiences from brain activity, and a theoretical analysis of two models provides guidelines for achieving efficient and accurate reconstruction with limited training data.
4528h agoA new framework recasts modeling choices as testable hypotheses and provides a simple protocol for evaluating model specifications, allowing researchers to turn neuroimaging data into mechanistic insights.
4528h agoA score-based generative model using stochastic Kuramoto dynamics in the diffusion process effectively generates orientation-rich images, such as fingerprints and textures, by capturing synchronization phenomena across coupled oscillators.
4528h agoThe weakly electric fish uses an adaptive internal model principle system to track the motion of its refuge, with the tracking error converging exponentially as the system adapts to unknown frequencies.
4528h agoThe receptive field responses in the earliest layers of the visual hierarchy are influenced by geometric image transformations, and covariant receptive field families can handle this variability by expanding receptive field shapes over image transformation degrees of freedom.
4528h agoNew discrete maps with memory are derived from fractional differential equations with Hilfer fractional derivatives, providing a discrete form of exact solutions for arbitrary positive orders.
4528h agoNonlinear fractional dynamics with scale invariance are described using non-integer-order integro-differential operators, leading to exact solutions and non-local mappings in time.
4528h agoThe synthetic Nodal-Lefty system supports the emergence of Turing patterns through Turing instability, allowing for the formation of various patterns, including dissipative structures.
4528h agoThe improved social force model with relative weight attraction shows stronger regulation and following capabilities in simulating pedestrian evacuation, especially in ensuring group cohesion during collisions with other pedestrians or obstacles.
4528h agoThe hot-electron limit closure provides a closed system for density, velocity, and temperatures, accurately reproducing linear growth rates, heat transport, and dynamics in certain geometries.
4528h agoThe plasma edge's electrostatic potential can be modeled as a superposition of integer spatial harmonics, and its transport depends on the perturbation amplitudes, relative phase, and spatial-mode choice.
4528h agoSpatial non-homogeneities synchronize clusters of oscillators in different frequency plateaus through a gradient of frequencies in a Ginzburg-Landau model.
4528h agoThe Calogero-Moser-Sutherland systems have explicitly described low-dimensional Liouville tori.
4528h agoEngineers can manipulate topological charges in quantum systems by creating density zeros in localized wave excitations.
4528h agoIntervening in a part of a many-body system occasionally can robustly control its phase diagram, allowing stabilization of thermodynamically unstable phases.
4528h agoFoundation models often forecast physical systems by simply parroting the context, and a naive model that copies directly from the context outperforms leading models on predicting diverse dynamical systems.
4528h agoExtended Bose-Hubbard models with dipolar interactions have an integrable 3-site model with nearest-neighbour interactions for certain coupling parameters.
4528h agoA geometric method describes traveling wave solutions of the generalized Korteweg--de Vries equation by reducing it to an ordinary differential equation and then applying a stepwise integration algorithm to obtain implicit and explicit solutions.
4528h agoRing ferrodark solitons in a 2D ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit self-sustained oscillations in their radius, accompanied by nematic tensor breathing at the core, and their motion follows an equation similar to one governing classical fluid bubble dynamics.
4528h agoA self-learning resistor network called the Restricted Kirchhoff Machine solves unsupervised learning tasks by modifying its internal parameters through physical dynamics, enabling distributed and energy-efficient learning.
4528h agoA machine learning-based framework extends short-time and distance results of simulated spectra for strongly correlated systems, improving frequency and momentum resolution.
4528h agoA measurement-only circuit, the projective quantum Ising model with three-spin interactions, features three distinct phases separated by two critical lines.
4528h agoThe Wehrl-Rényi entropy is a subsystem-independent and experimentally measurable characterization of overall entanglement in pure states of N qubits.
4528h agoMonitoring classical stochastic processes can lead to measurement-induced phase transitions, including novel critical phases, as the monitoring rate changes.
4528h agoSparkling water mitigates cognitive fatigue and sustains esports performance in hardcore players during long training sessions.
4528h agoBrain exposure to red light damages old mice but not young mice, while blue light causes local damage in both young and old mice.
4528h agoMW073 reduces aggressive behavior in mice with Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that it may help address behavioral symptoms of the condition.
4528h agoThe CaMKII D135N mutation supports a structural rather than enzymatic function in inducing long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength.
4532h agoGender inequality shapes brain structure differences between males and females, with the effect growing stronger with age, and is mainly driven by economic aspects of inequality.
4532h agoThe human pons development from fetus to early adulthood is mapped in a new encyclopedia called PEDIA-BRAIN, which reveals two paths to mature oligodendrocytes and limited synaptic interactions between neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
4532h agoOpioid exposure and withdrawal activate distinct brain cell groups, with morphine and withdrawal triggering largely separate brain cell ensembles, even within the same brain region.
4532h agoChronic buprenorphine treatment decreases the increase in heroin seeking that occurs over time during abstinence, and this effect is associated with reduced activity in certain areas of the brain's cortex and striatum.
4532h agoThe hippocampus primarily stores and retrieves episodic memories, and spatial representations emerge as a result of this memory function.
4532h agoSleep and dreaming improve performance in individuals with stressful, prey-like situations, with slow wave activity and game-related dream content enhancing post-sleep performance in prey role players.
4532h agoLRIT3's LRR and IG domains are crucial for its function in the retina, with LRR domain playing a key role in differential function at rod and cone synapses.
4532h agoA novel self-supervised learning framework models healthy EEG transitions between ocular states and provides a transparent methodology for discovering EEG biomarkers, but it struggles to predict cognitive pathology.
4532h agoPELICAN, an open-source image processing pipeline, accurately processes MRIs of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, even those with substantial brain atrophy and white matter lesions.
4536h agoPEDF peptides rectify abnormalities in neuronal morphology and activity in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting they may serve as a potential treatment for conditions like ASD.
4536h agoA new deep learning framework called PI-FC extracts stable individual brain signatures from functional MRI scans, enabling accurate predictions of neuropsychiatric conditions and other traits with reduced scanning time.
4536h agoCerebello-hippocampal interactions differ between sexes in young adults, with females having greater connectivity than males between certain brain regions, and show specific patterns of functional connectivity that relate to brain structure but not to cognitive performance.
4536h agoQuercetin had no effect on reducing the intensity of neurofibrillary tangles in fruit flies with Alzheimer's disease.
4540h agoBAG3 helps regulate astrocyte functions, including autophagy, lysosome activity, and protein degradation, and its loss impairs the clearance of amyloid-beta, a key process in Alzheimer's disease.
4540h agoNeuropeptide Y directly contacts and forms synapses with corticotropin-releasing factor-containing neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala, potentially influencing stress responses and related disorders.
4548h agoAnxious individuals have stronger self-blaming emotions and associated behaviors, linked to enhanced guilt-related neural activity and connectivity in the superior anterior temporal lobe.
4556h agoThe brain uses a vectorial semantic code that blends shared and unique information to resolve the dilemma of linking words to a speaker while retaining their general meanings.
4556h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex encodes the subjective values of different goods and reflects risk attitude during economic choices, even when multiple options are available.
4560h agoVisual perception declines with eccentricity due to decreased gain and nonlinearity and increased internal noise, and it also varies with polar angle due to changes in gain.
4560h agoGrid cells in the brain construct a representation of space that helps to distinguish and separate similar inputs, acting like a pattern separation device to reduce interference and enhance memory.
4560h agoPrenatal exposure to multiple substances leads to complex effects on infant development, including drug-specific outcomes, synergistic and antagonistic effects, and individual differences in resilience.
4560h agoLack of dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) contributes to changes in the brain's nucleus accumbens core (NAcore) that are involved in cocaine-seeking behavior.
4560h agoThe reversal potential and conductance amplitude of a synapse jointly regulate the postsynaptic neuron's activity, and machine learning can perfectly classify feedforward and feedback microcircuit motifs as excitatory, but struggles to do so for inhibitory or diminished excitation/inhibition cases.
4560h agoChildren with self-limited epilepsy syndrome with centrotemporal spikes have elevated thalamic blood flow compared to controls, and different antiseizure medications produce distinct effects on thalamic blood flow.
4564h agoArtificial intelligence and machine learning models operating on MRI data accurately diagnose epilepsy, lateralize temporal lobe epilepsy, localize lesions, and predict post-surgical outcomes, but are highly susceptible to bias.
4564h agoThe type of training curriculum used affects how well people and artificial neural networks generalize visual perceptual learning to new conditions.
4564h agoGaze shifts during soccer scanning are primarily driven by eye movements, not head movements, with eye and head movements showing a strategy-dependent allocation of effort.
4564h agoTau oligomers cause synapses to deteriorate through a series of events involving the downregulation of essential proteins, impaired synaptic plasticity, and ultimately, the loss of synaptic function and structure.
4564h agoExtended cessation meditation reduces alpha power and increases neural complexity, distinct from other states that induce loss of consciousness.
4564h agoDifferent cortical areas in the brain are wired to sustain input over varying time windows through distinct network dynamics.
4568h agoCortical tension acts as a mechanical barrier that prevents premature neuronal differentiation by coupling external differentiation signals with internal cell changes.
4568h agoThe hippocampus uses specific neural connections to store and replay memories, and adjusting these connections helps the brain recall diverse memories without forgetting old ones.
4568h agoSchizotypal traits are linked to multiple psychosocial risk factors, including depression, adverse childhood experiences, and dissociation, and have distinct neural correlates during discourse planning and production.
4568h agoInfants as young as a few days old use speakers' unique voices to form distinct memories of words, helping them to recognize and recall familiar words even when faced with interfering sounds.
4576h agoNeurons in the brain are coupled to their local neighborhood to varying degrees, with some neurons showing strong alignment with cortical state fluctuations and others showing weak alignment, and attention affects this coupling strength.
4576h agoThe human brain has areas that respond specifically to chimpanzee vocalizations, and to a lesser extent to macaque vocalizations, but not to bonobo or human vocalizations.
4576h agoMismatch neural responses in sensory cortex occur when a new spatial pattern is introduced, not when a temporal pattern is changed.
4576h agoThe robotic footwear elicits weight-bearing adaptations in gait by shifting the vertical ground reaction force, pushoff peak, and braking force towards the unperturbed limb after a foot-ground compliance perturbation.
4576h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves fluid cognition, including working memory and processing speed, and changes attention deployment during high-demand challenges.
4576h agoThe seeding of alpha-synuclein drives Lewy pathology propagation in Parkinson's disease by generating toxic aggregation intermediates through a process called secondary nucleation, which links seeding to pathology and correlates with disease progression.
4576h agoMacaque monkeys can recognize themselves from a third-person perspective after training, and this ability develops in a similar stepwise way in human infants.
4576h agoMultichannel transcranial magnetic stimulation achieves focality comparable to single-channel TMS, even without repositioning the coil, and performs similarly or better for deeper cortical targets.
4576h agoAuditory input alters the pupil light reflex in both autistic and non-autistic children, and autistic children show different dynamic pupil responses across sensory conditions.
4576h agoA 3D Brain-Chip system, incorporating multiple brain cell types from human stem cells, models the brain's blood-brain barrier and allows for assessment of brain function and disease, and screening of therapeutics.
4576h agoCancer nerves interact in a feed-forward loop that increases pain and tumor growth in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
4576h agoChanges in the olfactory system drive preference shifts in insects, and functional remodeling in four olfactory receptor neurons enables rapid sensory adaptation and niche transition in the pest Drosophila suzukii.
4580h agoIntellectual disability disrupts normal behavioral strategies for duration discrimination, leading to impulsivity and divergent responses, whereas typical intelligence models show convergent responses and inhibition.
4580h agoPsychedelics reconfigure brain dynamics to promote more deliberate and sensory-driven decision making by relaxing top-down influences and increasing the impact of sensory information on perception and behavior.
4580h agoThe brain's state before stimulation determines how it responds to localized electrical stimulation, with specific pre-stimulus activity patterns consistently predicting post-stimulus responses.
4580h agoMobile eye-tracking glasses reliably capture listening effort in challenging listening conditions, as shown by similar changes in gaze dispersion, pupil size, and head movements as a stationary system.
4580h agoA brain-enriched ecDNA, ecCldn34d, regulates the expression of genes related to brain adaptability and is associated with the stability of fear memories.
4580h agoCircular RNAs in the brain can be translated into micropeptides, including one called P1, which plays a role in synaptic activity and memory.
4580h agoElevated phase-amplitude coupling before treatment predicts poor response to treatment in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome, and a decrease in this coupling after treatment is associated with a positive treatment response.
4580h agoThe perception of gravity is biased when measured in darkness while an observer is roll-tilted, with an attractive bias occurring at large tilts and a repulsive bias at small tilts, both of which can be explained by a Bayesian model.
4580h agoLow-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces brain injury in a neonatal model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by regulating abnormal synaptic transmission.
4580h agoThe FINE deep learning model captures multi-scale temporal and frequency-specific patterns in brain connectivity to identify potential biomarkers and understand disease mechanisms of Alzheimer's.
4580h agoAdvanced deep neural networks provide the most accurate models of brain activity when predicting how people transform sensory input into actions in complex environments.
4580h agoReproductive experience remodels the hippocampal cellular structure through specific molecular programs that are independent of age and region, affecting certain cell populations such as CA3 pyramidal neurons, SST interneurons, and astrocytes.
4580h agoNaltrexone changes brain activity differently in people with opioid use disorder who also have cannabis, alcohol, or cocaine use disorders, suggesting it may work as a treatment for cannabis use disorder.
4580h agoThe retina predicts future stimuli by optimizing the amount of predictive information in its response, with the timescale of prediction changing as the statistics of the input stimulus change.
4580h agoHigher body mass index in early childhood is linked to changes in brain structure in areas related to reward and salience processing.
4580h agoLight stimuli change the volume of the subretinal space, and this change depends on the rate of water clearance, indicating the health of the water transport system in the retina.
4580h agoECS shrinkage, not breakdown of local tissue oxygenation, plays a leading role in spreading depolarization initiation during the transition from seizure to spreading depolarization.
4580h agoExcessive mind-wandering is more frequent in adults with ADHD and linked to more severe symptoms, and it negatively impacts performance and neural activity, particularly affecting performance monitoring in ADHD patients.
4580h agoAzithromycin and erythropoietin offer the best combination of safety and effectiveness in protecting the brains of newborn rats from damage caused by hypoxia-ischemia.
4580h agoThe entorhinal cortex shows a tentorial notch, which correlates with surrounding tissue injury, in 96% of postmortem samples, with more severe notches linked to greater tissue damage.
4580h agoEach region of the default mode network has a unique hemodynamic response function, which differs from the positive BOLD signal and from other regions in the network.
4580h agoDegenerative cervical myelopathy disrupts normal spinal cord function, with distinct patterns of altered motor and sub-motor activation in response to median nerve stimulation compared to healthy controls.
4580h agoTranscranial alternating current stimulation disrupts and modulates abnormal brain oscillations in Parkinson's Disease by changing neural firing patterns, and works best when its frequency matches the natural oscillation frequency.
4580h agoRetinal motion during pursuit eye movements serves a visual function by compressing information and equalizing luminance modulations, which contributes to perceptual judgments.
4580h agoMicroglia adapt to phagocytosis by changing their metabolism, which helps them sustain their functionality and promote tissue regeneration, rather than simply disposing of debris.
4580h agoGPT-4 can accurately predict human emotions and model associated neural responses, making it a useful tool for emotion research and neuroscience.
4580h agoThe LSO and MSO nuclei encode sound localization cues differently, with LSO neurons responding mainly to interaural level differences and MSO neurons responding mainly to interaural time differences, and their responses vary by sound frequency.
4580h agoOptimizing contextual semantic embeddings for individual brain voxels improves their ability to predict brain activity during reading.
4580h agoThe locus coeruleus plays a critical role in memory consolidation by modulating interactions with the hippocampus in a state-dependent manner.
4580h agoStearoyl-CoA desaturase1 is crucial for myelination during CNS development, and its absence in oligodendroglial cells leads to a delay in myelination and oligodendrocyte maturation.
4588h agoThe ultrastructure of the uncinate fasciculus in the human brain has a mean axon diameter of 0.93 m and mean myelin thickness of 0.48 m.
4588h agoHumans select standing postures that minimize energy expenditure, with the lowest energy cost found at a slight anterior orientation, and adjust their posture to optimize energy efficiency when preparing for movement.
4588h agoThe submedius thalamus plays a key role in modulating maternal behavior through its connections with the orbitofrontal cortex.
4592h agoSomatosensory circuits develop through multiple phases of refinement, with experience-dependent critical periods shaping sensorimotor behaviors at different life stages, resulting in lasting effects on adult behavior.
4592h agoA semi-automatic pipeline within Brainstorm software accurately localizes and labels sEEG contacts, improving the identification of the seizure onset zone and optimizing resective surgery for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.
4592h agoConscious priming has opposite effects on identity and category recognition, facilitating identity recognition but impairing category recognition, while unconscious priming has no such effects.
4592h agoThe brain does not pre-activate a sensory template of a predictable stimulus before it appears, according to a reanalysis of data from a study on auditory predictions.
4592h agoContext shapes the activity of neurons in the striatal circuits to guide actions, and shared neurons can encode different initiation contexts to support flexible movement execution.
4596h agoThe organization of the mammalian brain's neural connections follows a specific pattern that is related to the geometry of the brain.
4596h agoHuman cortical astrocytes have unique subtypes and are more structurally complex than rodent astrocytes, and these features are partially replicated in cerebral organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells.
4596h agoDopamine neurons compute temporal differences in learning by receiving inputs from D1 neurons in the nucleus accumbens through a hardwired circuit that effectively calculates errors in reward predictions.
4596h agoMethylphenidate decreases impulsivity by modulating reward-evoked beta oscillations in cortico-striatal networks, specifically by reducing beta power for small, immediate rewards and increasing it for large, delayed rewards.
4596h agoA personalized neurofeedback system using EEG can help maximize an individual's urge to move to music by generating playlists tailored to their unique groove experience.
4596h agoFunctional brain reorganization reflects variability in attentional states, with common patterns of neural activity and functional interactions underlying sustained attention across different tasks and contexts.
4596h agoHigh spatial frequency and low spatial frequency channels in the visual system interact mainly when the phases of the frequencies are aligned, and this alignment enhances perceptual efficiency when processing natural scenes.
4596h agoBetter learners show a stronger bias toward more frequently rewarded options, even if less valuable, suggesting this bias may be an adaptive strategy under uncertain conditions.
4596h agoSensorimotor control is dictated by the interaction of neural populations, optimal feedback mechanisms, and body biomechanics.
4600h agoThe Causal Attitude Network model and the Attitude Entropy framework make claims that are not supported by evidence, questioning the psychological network modeling efforts of attitudes.
4600h agoThe Mouse vs. AI: Robust Foraging Competition tests whether artificial intelligence agents can generalize to new visual conditions as well as mice do when searching for a target in a virtual environment.
4600h agoLanguage models reveal how humans structure conceptual knowledge by mapping words to mental concepts, and a new framework called VECTOR uses this information to predict human behavior and communication patterns.
4600h agoSimpler music models that focus on specific features match human perception better than complex models, and musical networks are structured to guide attention towards uncertain but inferable transitions.
4600h agoCareful data transformation helps machine learning models generalize better by removing less relevant information and isolating more predictive signals.
4600h agoA new loss function, called Minimal Energy Deformation (MED), improves the consistency and reproducibility of cortical surface reconstruction from MRI scans without reducing accuracy.
4600h agoExternal electric fields influence the behavior of thermosensitive neuronal networks, with the frequency of the field and cell size affecting synchronization and leading to complex behaviors such as coherent, incoherent, and chimera states.
4600h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the formation of chunk representations in working memory by allowing a specialized population of neurons to selectively control groups of stimulus-responsive neurons.
4600h agoA new graph-diffusion network model simulates cortical maturation while preserving subject-specific cortical morphology, enabling the identification of subtle deviations from normal brain development patterns.
4600h agoA numerical framework using Radial Basis Function interpolation and quadrature solves neural field equations on surfaces with high-order accuracy and flexibility.
4600h agoThe Euler-Bernoulli beam problem is extended to a setting with a matrix-valued density in a Clifford algebra, revealing a link to a multi-component Camassa-Holm equation and showing that peakon waves can engage in long-range energy exchange.
4600h agoHigher-order interactions create different resonance landscapes in stochastic resonance, enabling new noise-enhanced processing mechanisms in complex networks.
4600h agoExternal electric fields influence the behavior of thermosensitive neuronal networks, with the frequency of the field and cell size affecting synchronization and leading to complex behaviors such as coherent, incoherent, and chimera states.
4600h agoA simple model explains how complex systems, such as genomes, ecosystems, and cities, grow in function diversity through adding new functions and expanding existing ones.
4600h agoGeneralized geodesic equations in curved spacetime include conservative forces, dissipative effects, and quantum-gravity corrections, implying possible violations of the equivalence principle.
4600h agoThe conservation law in a system of two coupled Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov equations enforces synchronization of travelling waves and determines their minimal possible velocity.
4600h agoLower energy collisions with more massive atoms form atom-ion complexes, which evolve in a fractal structure showing chaotic dynamics when a low-density atomic bath is merged with a trapped ion.
4600h agoLocalized optomechanical microcavities in an electrostatic MEMS architecture generate optomechanical soliton frequency combs through phonon lasing without electrical excitation.
4600h agoMatrices with rational entries have a Lie-Poisson structure defined by an r-matrix, which can now be extended to Riemann surfaces of any genus.
4600h agoThis work studies the properties of Temporally Non-Uniform Cellular Automata (t-NUCAs), which use two rules in a sequence during their evolution, including surjectivity, injectivity, reversibility, and cyclic behavior.
4600h agoA numerical framework using Radial Basis Function interpolation and quadrature solves neural field equations on surfaces with high-order accuracy and flexibility.
4600h agoA many-body localized phase in a non-Hermitian quasiperiodic model of hardcore bosons first delocalizes and then localizes again as the driving period increases, resulting in a re-entrant many-body localization transition.
4600h agoQuantum mechanics enables light-matter setups to hold excitations without releasing them as light through destructive interference processes. Or a rewritten version in an even simpler form: Excitations can be held in light-matter setups without being released as light.
4600h agoLocal measurements can generate volume-law entangled states between different parts of a system purely through non-unitary measurement dynamics.
4600h agoRigidity in amorphous systems is maintained by disordered force networks that generate internal prestress, and the mechanical response of these systems can be described by a dielectric-like response that captures stress correlations and the response to external forces.
4600h agoCareful data transformation helps machine learning models generalize better by removing less relevant information and isolating more predictive signals.
4600h agoDecoded Quantum Interferometry has no quantum advantage in optimizing unstructured MAX-$k$-XOR-SAT instances because it is obstructed by the overlap gap property, a topological feature that also characterizes the performance of state-of-the-art classical algorithms.
4600h agoShort-term synaptic plasticity enables the formation of chunk representations in working memory by allowing a specialized population of neurons to selectively control groups of stimulus-responsive neurons.
4600h agoNi-Au alloys have high thermopower due to resonant scattering and a flat band below the Fermi level, which results in a power factor exceeding that of conventional semiconductor thermoelectrics.
4600h agoDefect formation in quantum annealing of a random transverse-field Ising chain happens through the aggregation of strongly coupled spin clusters, with the defect density decreasing with annealing time as $n(\tau)\sim \ln^{-2}\left(\frac{\tau}{\ln^2\tau}\right)$.
4600h agoLoss of nuclear TDP-43 leads to the inclusion of a cryptic exon in the G3BP1 gene, disrupting stress granule dynamics and causing selective neuronal vulnerability in ALS and FTD.
4600h agoOlfactory bulb needle insertion reliably induces cortical spreading depolarization in rodents without injuring the cortex.
4604h agoVisual occurrence statistics and semantic relations between objects and scenes jointly shape the composition of typical scene drawings.
4612h agoTemporal integration in the human auditory cortex is locked to absolute time, not to the duration of speech structures like phonemes or words.
4616h agoThe putamen's leftward volume asymmetry predicts the degree of leftward attentional bias, a phenomenon called pseudoneglect, in healthy individuals.
4620h agoThe region in the inferotemporal cortex involved in reading connects visual input to a language network, allowing people to derive meaning from written words.
4620h agoThe representation geometry of a system, whether it's the human brain or an artificial neural network, depends on its computational objective and is not a universal property.
4624h agoA new framework called complex-valued phase synchrony (CVPS) estimates phase with an adaptive Gabor wavelet and preserves directionality, allowing it to track interactions in complex systems such as the brain.
4624h agoRest2Visual, a new model, predicts brain activity in response to visual stimuli from resting-state brain scans, enabling task-free and individualized functional brain modeling.
4624h agoTwo single-channel hdrEEG biomarkers, ST4 and T2, serve as personalized indices of stress regulation, reflecting physiological arousal and emotional-regulatory sensitivity.
4624h agoThe timescale of plasticity modulation determines how inputs are represented in neural activities, shaping the computational properties of neural circuits.
4624h agoA complete analytical framework with automated parameter selection enables straightforward implementation of multi-source neural activity indices and spatial filters for accurate EEG/MEG source localization.
4624h agoA text-to-image diffusion model generates photorealistic images with gradual transitions within categories, allowing for the creation of customizable stimulus sets with ordered perceptual variations.
4624h agoLanguage processing dynamically influences the activity of the human ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC), and vision-language models like CLIP better capture this activity than other models, with disrupted communication between visual and language systems affecting model-brain correspondence.
4624h agoA novel co-simulation approach unifies micro- and macro-scales to capture brain dynamics, finding that the thalamus exhibits large, fluctuating spiking activity driven more by neural variability than external noise in Parkinson's disease simulations.
4624h agoEmergent properties arise when numerous interacting parts create new characteristics that individual parts do not have.
4624h agoA modified version of the HAVOK algorithm, called mHAVOK, extends the original algorithm to handle multiple input time series and accurately reconstructs system dynamics by separating linear and nonlinear terms.
4624h agoTime-dependent modulations of drift wave amplitudes affect particle transport and chaos in a magnetized plasma, with a strong negative correlation found between the system's average chaoticity and its transport efficiency.
4624h agoNonlinear systems with flat bands exhibit in-band supratransmission, enabling energy transfer for waves with frequencies within a flat or nearly flat linear band.
4624h agoWDVV equations can be interpreted as a set of linear line congruences in suitable Plucker embeddings, and can be represented as Hamiltonian systems of conservation laws.
4624h agoA two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling exhibits cyclic soliton motion with a distinct drift under a weak rotational external field, caused by a Lorentz force induced by a virtual magnetic monopole field.
4624h agoRing ferrodark solitons in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit self-sustained oscillations in their radius, accompanied by nematic tensor breathing at the core, and their motion follows an equation analogous to the Rayleigh-Plesset equation.
4624h agoScientists create a mathematical representation of 3D magnetization textures using simple quaternionic functions, which can help model high-density spintronic applications.
4624h agoA dipolar molecular rotor can rotate continuously on a graphene sheet when driven by an external electric field, with a rotation period of 2.96 ps when an alternating rectangular electric field of 0.5 V/Å is applied.
4624h agoIntegrable spin Calogero-Moser type systems with non-symmetric configurations of potential singularities are generalised using the representation theory of Cherednik algebras.
4624h agoThe stationary reduction method based on nonisospectral deformation of orthogonal polynomials derives discrete Painlev\'{e}-type equations and integrable difference systems with particular solutions and Lax pairs.
4624h agoThe cascade of bifurcations type trajectories in a fractional dynamical system are associated with weakly chaotic dynamics, characterized by lower Hurst exponent and recurrence time entropy values.
4624h agoAttractive potential wells in a triangular lattice produce a range of diffusive behaviors, including quasiballistic transport, which differs qualitatively and quantitatively from repulsive soft Lorentz gases.
4624h agoAdaptive network dynamical systems evolve on a low-dimensional subset of possible connectivity under constraints on network adaptation.
4624h agoThe q-characters of simple finite-dimensional modules over quantum affine algebras have an extremal monomial property under the braid group action.
4624h agoA simple model shows that self-propelled droplets emerge from the interplay between reacting surfactants, the Marangoni effect, and wetting dynamics, resulting in various motility modes including directional motion, crawling, and random walks.
4624h agoCertain non-uniform magnetic fields lead to a spectrum consisting of Landau levels, as found by considering isospectral deformations of a uniform magnetic field.
4624h agoNon-Hermitian perturbations transform point-like Dirac monopoles into extended monopole distributions with distinct charge configurations.
4624h agoStealthy disorder in the Anderson model allows for effective delocalization of electrons in one-dimensional systems, where the localization length exceeds the system size for a range of stealthiness values.
4624h agoThe leading eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a specific random graph model are of order square root of n, alternate in sign, and are located on a logarithmic spiral in the complex plane.
4624h agoDisorder in isolated quantum systems generates a narrow band of thermal eigenstates within an otherwise non-thermal spectrum, leading to a coexistence of thermal and non-thermal dynamics.
4624h agoQAOA parameter transfer from small problems to large problems provides generally improving solution quality as the QAOA depth increases, often converging close to the true ground-state energy.
4624h agoEshelby-like quadrupolar structures can be precisely identified and localized using a topological invariant known as the continuous Burgers vector, enabling the characterization of plastic instabilities in amorphous solids.
4624h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson and by Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked major new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses.
4624h agoA transformer-based model called ViV1T accurately predicts neuronal responses in mouse primary visual cortex to dynamic visual stimuli, capturing core properties and revealing new insights into sensory processing.
4624h agoAging impairs network-level synchrony and temporal coordination in specific frequency bands and regions of the brain, while preserving single-neuron function.
4624h agoNovel monoclonal antibodies targeting the huntingtin C-terminal domain were generated, allowing for reliable detection of huntingtin independently of polyglutamine length.
4624h agoThe D-type K+ current (ID) shapes the intrinsic properties of MesV neurons and the dynamics of electrical synaptic transmission, enhancing precision and reducing gain in coincidence detection.
4624h agoEngineered linker proteins, delivered through adeno-associated virus, restore laminin receptor binding and polymerization, enabling reassembly of a functional basement membrane and improving muscle histology and function in a severe LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy mouse model.
4624h agoA complete analytical framework with automated parameter selection enables accurate EEG/MEG source localization using multi-source spatial filtering, overcoming issues with source cancellation and limited adoption.
4624h agoCannflavin B, a non-psychoactive component of the Cannabis sativa plant, normalizes behavioural and neuronal system function alterations in a rat model of autism.
4628h agoHuman sleep follows recurring cycles of 8-60 days and is also affected by external factors such as season, weather, weekends, and holidays.
4628h agoDecreased cortical cholinergic innervation during focal seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy comes from direct inhibition and indirect de-excitation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert.
4628h agoHunger-related signaling and social behavior are linked in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) region of the brain, but melanocortin4 receptor (MC4R) in the PAG does not directly play a major role in modulating social behavior in rodents.
4628h agoPIKfyve regulates lysosomal function, phagocytosis, autophagy, and metabolism, and is essential for photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial cell health.
4628h agoKAT5 nuclear signaling plays a pivotal role in neuronal homeostasis and immune regulation, and its dysfunction contributes to Alzheimer disease.
4628h agoAdolescent exposure to a cannabis-like substance leads to lasting changes in brain wave patterns in adulthood, especially when exposure occurs during early adolescence.
4628h agoLocal excitatory CCK neurons in the hippocampus regulate hippocampal function by modulating neuronal activity and neuroplasticity, supporting hippocampal-dependent tasks.
4628h agoSleep deprivation impairs long-term memory by disrupting the regulation of mitochondrial electron transport chain activity through the downregulation of the long non-coding RNA Cerox1.
4628h agoOur perception of time is influenced by prior experience, which shapes internal expectations that affect the way we perceive current events.
4628h agoA new model estimates human lifespan based on neural signals, predicting mean lifetimes of 76.9 years for healthy adults and 69.7 years for epileptic patients.
4628h agoThe flash-lag effect, a perceptual misalignment of a moving object and a flashed static stimulus, is caused by anticipation generated by neural activity in visual cortical retinotopical maps, and is strongly affected by the direction of motion and features of these maps.
4628h agoBig tau, a longer tau isoform, is mainly found in the peripheral nervous system, making up about 50% of total tau in peripheral nerves, and its levels in cerebrospinal fluid do not change with Alzheimer's disease.
4628h agoRecurrent neural networks use either integration or oscillations to represent elapsed time, and their structured connectivity enables diverse solutions to temporal computation problems.
4628h agoPsilocybin produces a sustained pain-relieving effect in mice with chronic neuropathic pain, and also boosts the pain-relieving power of gabapentin.
4628h agoFUS-BBB modulation changes microglial morphology and reduces their contacts with synapses, while maintaining their surveillance activity, with shifts in shape and digestive activity observed at 1 and 24 hours after treatment.
4628h agoPEDOT:PSS modified with deep eutectic solvents improves neural interface performance by enabling thicker, softer coatings with lower impedance and higher charge injection capacity, leading to enhanced neural recording and stimulation capabilities.
4628h agoBrain scans show that individual differences in personality traits are linked to how structural and functional brain networks interact, especially during tasks related to those traits.
4628h agoOpenfUS Analyzer (OfUSA) helps researchers quickly analyze and interpret functional ultrasound (fUS) data to study large-scale brain dynamics, providing a standardized and reproducible solution for preclinical and translational research.
4628h agoMelanin-concentrating-hormone and Lhx6 neurons are mainly active during paradoxical sleep rebound, while Orexin neurons are active during both wakefulness and paradoxical sleep rebound.
4628h agoThe brain processes action perception through a posterior-to-anterior gradient, separating perceptual features from conceptual representations, and distinct pathways encode different aspects of actions, such as the target of the action.
4628h agoA polyethylene glycol-chitosan conjugate sealant promotes functional and morphological recovery in pigs with complete spinal cord transection, allowing treated animals to regain sensation, posture, and ambulation.
4628h agoDeprioritization of working memory items involves active neural mechanisms that are distinct from processing irrelevant information, and are supported by low-beta oscillatory dynamics in the parietal cortex.
4628h agoCombining patch-clamp electrophysiology with single-cell proteomics provides a powerful approach to link neuronal physiology with protein composition, and a new framework helps interpret the results by considering the quality of neuron retrieval.
4628h agoChildren who played a video game in virtual reality or on a tablet showed improvements in attention and academic abilities after 30 training sessions.
4628h agoSocial observation increases error-related negativity and decreases correct-related negativity over short periods of time, but not over longer periods of time.
4628h agoPrefrontal cortical high-frequency ripple chains in REM sleep help regulate the reactivation of recently acquired spatial memory in hippocampal-cortical circuits.
4628h agoPrion strain-specific differences in seeding activity emerge at pre-clinical stages, and distinct compensatory responses occur, including metabolic reprogramming and calcium signaling disturbances, allowing for sensitive detection of pre-clinical changes and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
4628h agoTDP-43 regulates microglial function through triglyceride metabolism, leading to changes in phagocytic activity, inflammation, and lipid storage in microglia.
4628h agoThe piRNA pathway, through AUB, functions at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction to repress transposable elements, including Copia, ensuring proper neuromuscular development and function.
4628h agoHyperexcitability of ventral hippocampal CA1/subiculum neurons causes social memory failure and anxiety-related behavior in temporal lobe epilepsy, and reducing this excitability restores normal behavior.
4632h agoA balance between TrkB and p75NTR in AgRP neurons controls the relationship between circuit structure and feeding behavior in response to changes in caloric intake.
4632h agoStatistical learning drives distractor suppression through a process that involves temporal state transitions, where attentional control shifts from distractor dominance to proactive suppression, and this process is influenced by spatial probability and threat signals.
4632h agoAstrocytes in the brain's reward region show immune activation and changes in gene expression during alcohol dependence, with distinct responses to alcohol drinking and dependence.
4632h agoOptimising exercise difficulty to an individual's ability improves performance and related motor skills in older adults, and enhances transfer of skills to similar tasks.
4632h agoCompensatory mechanisms that increase dopamine signaling are active in the substantia nigra, not the striatum, during progressive neuron loss in Parkinson's disease.
4632h agoThe locus coeruleus's signal changes with age, showing clear shifts during adolescence, and can be accurately imaged using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and T2-weighted images.
4632h agoDirect alignment of FDG-PET images to a standard template works as well as conventional methods that use anatomical scans, and can help reduce bias in studies of challenging patient populations.
4632h agoPretrained vision-language models can classify neuronal cell types from electrophysiological features without task-specific fine-tuning, enabling robust and generalizable subtype inference with minimal supervision.
4632h agoA set of three R packages has been developed to facilitate the shared development and validation of computational algorithms for identifying the seizure onset zone in epilepsy, enabling more accurate surgical interventions.
4636h agoPeople who had a mild traumatic brain injury have different changes in microRNA expression in their saliva during total sleep deprivation compared to those without the injury.
4636h agoTraumatic brain injury drives sex-dependent worsening of amyloid pathology, neuroinflammation, and gut microbial changes in mice, and fecal microbiota transplantation only partially restores these changes.
4636h agoEngineers developed a system to rapidly test opsins, used it to screen over 1,750 opsins, and discovered a mutated opsin called WAChR that can be activated by low levels of light, making it useful for neuroscience research and vision restoration therapies.
4636h agoTau aggregates are present in a small fraction of synaptosomes from control brains and increase with Alzheimer's disease progression, contributing to synaptic dysfunction and microglia-driven synaptic loss.
4636h agoChronic opioid exposure reprograms the cargo of brain-derived extracellular vesicles, which in turn alters neuronal gene expression and contributes to neuroadaptations associated with addiction.
4636h agoAlpha-synuclein aggregates slowly in the brain, leading to the formation of larger aggregates in a subset of cells, with larger aggregates detected in older mice and Parkinson's disease brain.
4636h agoCerebellar output triggers whisker movement through pre-motor nuclei, which modulate different aspects of whisking, resulting in varied movement patterns depending on the stimulated nucleus.
4636h agoTRPV1 channels play a key role in infrared neural stimulation-evoked cortical activity, with their activation leading to increased or suppressed firing of neurons in the somatosensory cortex.
4636h agoNeural oscillations in response to real-world scenes are complex and have distinct waveform shapes that are consistent within individuals and can be used to accurately decode the scenes.
4636h agoCNS-tau-specific antibodies distinguish and measure tau protein in the brain and blood, correlating with cognitive scores and differentiating impaired from unimpaired individuals across Alzheimer's disease and primary tauopathies.
4636h agoSimultaneous recording of auditory brainstem response and middle latency response allows for comprehensive assessment of auditory function, identifying key waves ABR wave V and MLR waves Na and Pa consistently across different frequencies and rates.
4636h agoThe brain's neural flexibility determines its potential to generate creative solutions, and a specific network of frontal-temporal interactions in the beta frequency band can predict creative performance across different tasks.
4636h agoEndothelial IFN1 signaling helps to stabilize blood vessels and reduce damage after a stroke by promoting a strong blood-brain barrier and suppressing abnormal vessel growth.
4636h agoIndividual electrical synapses are formed by combining different gap junction channel types, made of multiple proteins, which work together to regulate neural connections and behaviors.
4636h agoThe orbitofrontal cortex creates a stable spatial map that preserves the relationships and distances between navigational targets, allowing for flexible navigation across different environments.
4636h agoEarly-life adversity effects on mental health are moderated by specific brain features that either protect or make individuals more vulnerable to psychiatric disorders.
4636h agoLess involvement of sensorimotor processing regions during number processing is associated with better math skills in adults.
4636h agoAβ and tau interact with microtubules, and Aβ displaces tau, leading to microtubule dysfunction, tau phosphorylation and aggregation, and potentially causing Alzheimer's disease.
4636h agoThe right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) plays a role in teaching abilities by helping to evaluate belief formation processes.
4636h agoIon channel diversity in neurons promotes the robustness of their specific functions by increasing the variance in membrane properties, allowing neurons to maintain their functions despite internal and external perturbations.
4636h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex's connections from other brain regions change and mature from birth to adulthood, shifting from a widespread to a precisely tuned organization.
4636h agoReduced Scn2a expression disrupts gene expression in multiple neuronal subtypes, affecting neurotransmitter activity regulation and synapse organization.
4636h agoThe precise temporal structure of spatial representations in the hippocampus during locomotion is crucial for learning.
4636h agoMicroglia can have different activation states, and a new imaging and analysis framework can map these states at single-cell resolution, providing a nuanced view of microglial heterogeneity.
4636h agoScientists map synaptic connections in the mouse visual cortex using a combination of two-photon optogenetics, electrical recordings, and sparse signal reconstruction.
4640h agoA new computational system maps synaptic connectivity at high speed using two-photon holographic optogenetics and intracellular recordings.
4640h agoNeuromorphic engineering may hold the keys to more efficient inference with transformer-like models.
4644h agoLarger language models' self-attention better predicts readers' eye movements and brain responses in language areas, and instruction tuning has no added benefit.
4644h agoGenerative AI aligns with generative linguistics as neural language models are formal generative models, and generative linguistics provides a framework for evaluating and improving them.
4644h agoA new method combining deep learning and Dynamic Input Conductances links spike timing in neurons to the composition of ion channels controlling their activity.
4648h agoA framework integrating The Virtual Brain platform and the Collaborative Brain Wave Analysis Pipeline guides parameter tuning to produce a whole-brain model that exhibits biologically relevant features, including complex activity patterns and rhythms.
4648h agoMetalearning helps machines overcome classic challenges in artificial neural networks by providing incentives to improve specific skills and opportunities to practice those skills.
4648h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly fixated.
4648h agoReservoir computing can reconstruct and predict complex dynamics because it exhibits generalized synchronization during learning, which is based on the theory of embedding and generalized synchronization.
4648h agoThe proposed algorithm combines Deep Learning with mathematical model-based selection strategies to reliably analyze short and noisy experimental time series data, producing highly accurate results in tests with ex-vivo frog heart experiment data.
4648h agoThe dynamical symmetry breaking associated with breather solutions in nonlinear hyperbolic evolution equations is studied using a high-precision numerical scheme, clarifying the relationship between velocity, mass, and amplitude of perturbation and the conditions for state transitions.
4648h agoThe four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory can realize integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theories through dynamical coordinate transformations.
4648h agoMean-motion resonances and their connections enable natural semi-major axis transport in the Earth-Moon system through ballistic pathways that achieve major orbit changes within reasonable times.
4648h agoThin clamped plates can transfer sound energy to higher frequencies using nonlinear effects, and their vibrational behavior changes with the amplitude and frequency of the sound wave, switching between harmonic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic regimes.
4648h agoQuantum systems can exhibit complex nonlinear behaviors like quasiperiodicity, strange nonchaotic dynamics, and chaos, similar to classical nonlinear systems.
4648h agoPhotonic accelerators use optical frequency differences to make decisions with less cost and memory.
4648h agoScientists construct quantum-integrable spin chains with long-range interactions by freezing integrable quantum many-body systems with spins, resulting in chains like the Heisenberg and Haldane-Shastry chains.
4648h agoThe delocalization-localization phase diagrams are obtained for a quasiperiodic system with modulations in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium steady states.
4648h agoA neural network directly maps input parameters to displacement fields to model moiré superlattice relaxation in twisted bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides with machine-level precision and speed.
4648h agoAutoregressive neural quantum states show transitions in their average entanglement scaling, entanglement spectra, and correlation functions, and their normalization function affects entanglement and fluctuations.
4648h agoThe effective diffusivity of a tracer molecule in sheared supercooled liquids increases linearly with the shear rate, not quadratically as predicted by the Taylor-Aris theory.
4648h agoSpatial transcriptomics reveals that mouse prefrontal cortex has a distinct organization with specific neuronal subtypes that regulate chronic pain.
4648h agoCarbonized rubber electrodes cause a non-zero voltage offset in brain stimulation studies, which can be problematic for concurrent EEG recordings.
4648h agoPerineuronal net changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not caused by problems within motor neurons, but may result from interactions with other cell types in the central nervous system.
4648h agoPhytocannabinoids that act on the CB1 receptor, specifically cannabinol and tetrahydrocannabivarin, reduce alcohol consumption in rats with a good safety profile.
4652h agoFocal hand dystonia patients have lower spatial acuity and more disordered digit maps in their dominant hand compared to healthy volunteers, and botulinum toxin treatment leads to more localized touch perception.
4652h agoDeleting C1q from microglia in young adulthood reduces cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, and synaptic loss in Alzheimer's disease mouse models without worsening amyloid plaque buildup.
4656h agoKnocking down CRFR1 receptors in the posterior part of the lateral hypothalamus increases alcohol consumption in mice, while having no effect or opposite effects in the anterior part.
4656h agoHDAC9, a histone deacetylase, helps maintain cognitive and synaptic functions, and its deficiency or decreased expression contributes to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
4656h agoThe anterior lateral motor cortex helps mice make flexible choices by reconfiguring local circuits to match context and sensory input to the correct motor response.
4656h agoThe p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and its deletion leads to reduced neural stem cell proliferation and altered neuronal differentiation, which worsens under Alzheimer's disease conditions.
4656h agoThe superior colliculus plays a more important role than the primary visual cortex in guiding visual spatial detection in freely moving mice.
4656h agoNeurons with high mitochondrial activity activate the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response when stressed, and this response is linked to abundant mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts.
4656h agoFat-taste enhancers NKS-3 and NKS-5 reduce fat intake and body weight gain in obese mice by reorganizing the brain's reward system and regulating the oral-gut-brain axis.
4656h agoHigh-frequency deep brain stimulation of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus suppresses tremor activity by depressing synapses and recruiting inhibitory neurons that balance excitatory and inhibitory activity.
4656h agoThe brain uses compositional representations and shared low-dimensional manifolds to flexibly generate a diverse range of movements by combining learned computational primitives.
4656h agoAlphaherpesviruses establish lifelong latency in the central nervous system, particularly in mesiotemporal regions, and can reactivate, causing recurrent disease.
4656h agoBelief updating follows Bayesian principles, guiding perceptual decisions under uncertainty, with pupil dilations reflecting the process, and this process works similarly across different auditory domains.
4660h agoThe thalamus generates and maintains coherent population dynamics on its own, even without structured input from upstream areas.
4660h agoAdolescent stress increases oxycodone self-administration in rats, making them more prone to misuse prescription opioids.
4660h agoVesiclePy, a new pipeline, automatically segments, classifies, and analyzes vesicles in large-volume electron microscopy data, enabling the study of the full vesicle endowment across an entire neuronal morphology.
4660h agoThe cortisol awakening response helps people suppress recent emotional memories by boosting activity in brain areas that control memory and emotion.
4660h agoCompartmentalised inflammation in multiple sclerosis is characterised by B cell activity and antibody secretion, particularly in areas with tertiary lymphoid-like structures.
4660h agoAcetylcholine neurons that co-transmit GABA are mainly restricted to a small population in specific brain areas, and GABA co-transmission is not required to maintain regular acetylcholine neuron count in the brain.
4660h agoSpecialized striatal modules actively participate in extracting basic visual features from objects, and parallel visual information processing occurs in basal ganglia circuits.
4664h agoLocus coeruleus neurons release dopamine in a modality-dependent manner to regulate arousal, anxiety, and learning.
4664h agoRepetitive sensory stimulation fails to induce plasticity in the brains of mice with Fragile X syndrome, due to disrupted inhibitory control, altered neural structure, and rapid adaptation.
4664h agoNeurons in the globus pallidus and primary motor cortex encode ordinal position throughout a sequence of movements, rather than just initiating or terminating the sequence.
4664h agoBiophysical properties, morphological details, and ion channel distribution across the membrane all interact to contribute to the functionality and response variability of neurons of the same cell type.
4664h agoThe hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex help stabilize episodic memories in youth, and experiences in early life influence how these brain areas work together to affect long-term memory.
4664h agoThe efferent vestibular system acts as a multimodal processing center and integrator for the vestibular periphery, receiving inputs from distinct populations of brainstem and midbrain regions.
4664h agoThe hippocampus updates its representations of temporally extended sequences soon after new learning, integrating old and new information to enable flexible predictions about future events.
4664h agoThe brain uses a distributed code across the cortex, not just a localized area, to represent working memory load.
4664h agoThe zebrafish pallium receives and processes sensory information through a thalamocortical-like pathway, with sensory responses becoming increasingly complex and hierarchical along the posterior-anterior axis.
4664h agoAxon-carrying dendrite cells use a single-modal strategy to encode inputs from one assembly during learning, whereas non-axon-carrying dendrite cells use a multi-modal approach to encode inputs from distinct assemblies.
4664h agoPurkinje cells in the mouse cerebellar cortex receive increasingly specific parallel fiber inputs from birth to 2 weeks of age, guided by a sequence of early afferent activity and transient cellular structures.
4668h agoEhmt1 haploinsufficiency causes region- and cell-type specific changes in GABAergic interneuron populations throughout the brain, including increased VIP+ neuron density, decreased SST+ neuron density, and precocious maturation of PV+ interneurons.
4668h agoThe gut microbiome from schizophrenia patients causes insulin resistance and alters microbial metabolism in female mice, contributing to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
4668h agoBrain features are not used in clinics for diagnosis and prognosis because current methods comparing patient and healthy control data are unlikely to identify effective biomarkers.
4672h agoRecent scholarship reconceptualizes Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by identifying potential adaptive characteristics, including heightened energy and advanced cognitive flexibility, in addition to highlighting positive traits and successful coping strategies used by high functioning individuals with ADHD.
4672h agoEEG brain wave patterns can serve as reliable indicators of pain, with changes in beta-band waves in the brain differentiating between painful and non-painful sensations.
4672h agoA new framework called HiLWS helps curate and annotate videos of hand motor tasks from clinical and home settings, improving the accuracy of machine learning models in assessing motor symptoms in conditions like Parkinson's disease.
4672h agoA new method using discrete geometry analyzes dynamic changes in neural interactions during social exchanges by interpreting inter-brain connectivity changes through evolving geometric structures of neural networks.
4672h agoA machine learning framework reveals that consciousness arises from causal variables and their dynamics unfolding across multiple scales in the brain.
4672h agoPeople with worsening vision walk slower and use different gaze strategies, with fully sighted individuals having consistent patterns and fully blind individuals having the most adapted patterns, and visual acuity and rehabilitation experience influencing gaze use.
4672h agoSpontaneous self-organized criticality in neural systems maintains reliable information representation by restricting representational drift and enhancing low-dimensional representation.
4672h agoAn algorithm can infer emotional valence from EEG signals recorded in people experiencing stress in a virtual reality environment.
4672h agoThe geometric phase explains the relation between mean-return-time phase and stochastic asymptotic phase in stochastic oscillators, unifying distinct phase definitions and revealing how noise reshapes oscillatory behavior.
4672h agoPurple structures appear blue when surrounded by other purple structures, but appear purple when directly focused on.
4672h agoA new neuromuscular recording system captures muscle activity with over 100 channels and decodes it into patterns of spinal motoneuron activation, achieving perfect classification accuracy for 12 tasks and over 96% accuracy for up to 16 tasks.
4672h agoCritical brain activity helps mice perform visual tasks better, with brain activity showing a special pattern when they complete the task successfully.
4672h agoMetrics like linear Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA) and Procrustes distance best differentiate between trained and untrained models and align with behavioral measures when comparing high-dimensional neural data.
4672h agoMemory is stored as statistics that are repeatedly summarized and compressed to make room for new input, allowing us to accommodate unbounded sensory input within bounded memory.
4672h agoMulti-Region Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (MR-LFADS) accurately disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved regions, and local neural population dynamics.
4672h agoA new framework defines the conditions for consciousness by combining information theory and moment-to-moment theory, allowing for a generalizable understanding of consciousness in both biological and artificial systems.
4672h agoArbor, a software library, enables efficient simulation of large-scale networks of biological neurons with detailed structures, supporting the study of synaptic plasticity's impact on network dynamics.
4672h agoA cavity approach unifies the analysis of three high-dimensional learning problems, revealing similarities in their underlying structure.
4672h agoSelf-organized resource allocation and policy synergy occur between different subpopulations using different learning policies, leading to optimized resource allocation through complex mechanisms.
4672h agoDeterministic coherence and anti-coherence resonance occur simultaneously in two coupled chaotic Lorenz oscillators when the coupling strength is varied.
4672h agoTurbulence has both deterministic and stochastic properties, explained by convective space-time chaos, where secondary perturbations grow and move away, leading to repeatable patterns and eventual domination by random components.
4672h agoBasin boundaries in equivariant dynamical systems often exhibit higher symmetry than the attractors they separate.
4672h agoA new r-matrix structure is defined on the moduli space of framed vector bundles on a Riemann surface of higher genus, generalizing known r-matrices on the Riemann sphere, cylinder, and torus.
4672h agoHamiltonian systems with mixed chaos develop regular behavior when coupled to a cold thermal bath, and this leads to the emergence of robust dynamical order.
4672h agoThe boundary separating regular and chaotic dynamics in a generalized map deforms systematically as the phase shift increases, and a machine learning model identifies this boundary across the parameter space.
4672h agoA machine learning method using two agents that mimic a predator and prey enables faster optimization on complex landscapes by having the predator guide the prey along narrow ravines, resulting in up to a hundred times faster learning.
4672h agoThe geometric phase explains the relation between mean-return-time phase and stochastic asymptotic phase in stochastic oscillators, unifying distinct phase definitions and revealing how noise reshapes oscillatory behavior.
4672h agoThe partition functions of 5d SYM theories with SU(2) gauge group and four flavours obey blowup relations that can be linked to the weights of a Lie algebra through Weyl group action.
4672h agoNew solutions to the decoration transformation are found using special functions, which help decorate Ising-like integrable lattice spin models.
4672h agoThe study derives an explicit formula for counting l-hypermaps, which generalizes a previous formula for ribbon graphs, and also generalizes a related theorem.
4672h agoThe updated keyword diagram of complex systems reveals differences and overlaps between public perception and actual usage of keywords in publications, and identifies four highly interconnected topical communities.
4672h agoEukaryotic cells use different patterns of filamentous actin and its regulators to perform various cell functions, including distinct motility modes, through a mass-conserved reaction-diffusion model involving Rho-GTPase and F-actin.
4672h agoThe elliptic direct linearization scheme provides a method to construct nonsingular real solutions, including solitons and their interactions on a periodic background, for several equations.
4672h agoThe focusing gauged MKdV (FGMKdV) equation is linked to the real part of the focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, and its solutions are constructed using hyperelliptic curves, generalizing Euler's elasticae.
4672h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks through a gradient-based optimization method.
4672h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
4672h agoThe preparation of eigenstates of spin chains can be done efficiently using quantum circuits with polynomial depth growth for both free-fermionic and some interacting models.
4672h agoMagnetic particles can act as effective probes for measuring and forcing turbulence at its smallest scale, revealing a rich phenomenology, including stochastic resonance and a novel symmetry-breaking mechanism, that offers insights into flexible particle manipulation and vorticity measurement.
4672h agoSpecific conditions make generic scattering systems act as robust wave splitters that can split waveforms without changing their relative amplitude or phase.
4672h agoA novel decoupling limit of the membrane leads to a classically integrable model in 1+2 dimensions.
4672h agoBinomial maps allow stochastic evolution of population models, linking agent-based models to traditional deterministic map models, and enabling analysis of small populations with demographic noise and extinction.
4672h agoThe first nonlinear stage of modulation instability of periodic waves in multidimensional generalizations of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation shows universal behavior, described by adiabatic deformations of the Akhmediev breather solution, with wave growth, fission, fusion, and decay processes.
4672h agoTurbulence self-organizes into coherent structures through a process of nonequilibrium phase transitions, forming dense structures with quantized loop currents of phase information that exhibit universal power-law behaviour.
4672h agoThe replica method for analyzing inference and learning in parametric models is revised to handle unknown or complex data-generating distributions by using a variational Gaussian approximation.
4672h agoA Large Language Model's ability to mimic human intelligence shows a temperature-induced phase transition in the Turing test.
4672h agoComplex biological mixtures can perform information retrieval through metastable phase separation.
4672h agoAn automated workflow streamlines the creation of accurate neural-network interatomic potentials, enabling users to achieve high-precision simulations with minimal human intervention.
4672h agoThe Spectral-Entangling Strength measure reveals a universal limit for R\'enyi entanglement growth, with a robust $1/s^2$ tail in the entanglement spectrum, and establishes a link between entanglement and computational complexity.
4672h agoA neural network made of atoms and photons can recall memories with high storage capacity, even when storing many patterns, by using quantum-optical nonequilibrium dynamics.
4672h agoA cavity approach unifies the analysis of three high-dimensional learning problems, revealing similarities in their underlying structure.
4672h agoSpin-glass dynamics research has made key progress, with experiments and simulations converging to show that spin-glass coherence lengths can reach almost macroscopic dimensions and exhibit complex physics, including memory, rejuvenation, and temperature chaos.
4672h agoA neuromorphic network, which is a dynamical system itself, can learn and model complex dynamical systems by optimizing its internal responses through manipulation of input electrodes and voltages.
4672h agoVortex loops govern the Anderson transition in three-dimensional chiral symmetry classes, and their behavior shares a unified theoretical framework with transitions in three-dimensional type-II superconductors.
4672h agoThe four spin correlations of the intensity of a speckle pattern encode the spin-orientation memory of interacting quenched systems, and this can be measured using resonant magnetic x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.
4672h agoMany-body localization lends robustness to nonequilibrium phases of matter, which can exhibit topological and symmetry-breaking order, and can be classified using a framework of quantum cellular automata.
4672h agoThe winding number distribution of a random matrix model becomes Gaussian as the matrix dimensions increase.
4672h agoMachine learning protocol estimates the probability that configurations with a certain energy belong to the ordered, coexistence, or disordered phase, allowing for the calculation of critical energies and latent heat.
4672h agoThe Notch3 mutation causing CADASIL disease leads to distinct neurovascular changes depending on whether it is expressed in smooth muscle cells or pericytes, with each cell type showing unique responses in vascular pathology.
4676h agoExpressing short-wavelength mouse cone opsin in retinal ganglion cells of blind mice induces membrane hyperpolarization, unlike the depolarizing effects of mid-wavelength cone opsin.
4680h agoCombining N-acetylcysteine with non-contact high-frequency low-intensity pulsed electric field stimulation reduces oxidative stress and protects human neuronal cells from damage caused by hydrogen peroxide.
4680h agoCochlear implant users have trouble with sound localization because their devices do not effectively convey interaural time differences through pulse timing, which is crucial for spatial hearing.
4680h agoFace pareidolia emerges from a temporal cascade that integrates global and local visual information, with early sensory encoding giving way to higher-order perceptual evaluation.
4680h agoMild traumatic brain injury causes changes in plasma endolipids, with acute head injury driving more changes in males than females, and females showing a lack of precursors for resolving molecules, which may be related to post-concussion syndrome.
4680h agoNoise-induced hearing loss causes changes in neuronal density, neurotransmission, and microstructure in the central auditory nervous system, including increased neurofilament density, altered microstructure, and decreased glutamate and GABA levels.
4680h agoA 3D model of the blood-brain barrier, formed by human brain cells, mimics the barrier's function and structure, allowing for studies of its role in health and disease.
4680h agoCombining EEG and EMG signals creates a hybrid Brain Interface Computer (BCI) device that can control a hand exoskeleton by classifying brain and muscle activity when people attempt to move their fingers.
4680h agoAging leads to accumulation of perineuronal nets in the hippocampus, increased neuroinflammation, and memory deficits, but not in the dorsal striatum where microglial activation still occurs.
4680h agoSFRP1 drives astrocytic metabolic activation, enhancing glycolysis over mitochondrial respiration, to sustain energy demands during inflammation.
4680h agoA large, open-access archive of 1,300 audiovisual clips provides a resource to study misophonia, a condition in which everyday sounds evoke intense emotional and physiological responses.
4680h agoThe claustrum volume changes with age, hemisphere, and sex, following a trajectory of rapid growth from infancy to adolescence, a plateau phase in adulthood, and a decline in old age, with the right claustrum being larger than the left and females having larger volumes than males.
4680h agoThe auditory cortex encodes amplitude-modulation signals with high accuracy, with core areas processing a wider range of frequencies and the left hemisphere showing enhanced encoding, especially in the supragranular layers.
4680h agoSpinophilin regulates dopamine D2 receptor function by mediating agonist-induced receptor internalization, which limits the efficacy of dopamine D2 receptor agonists in treating Parkinson's disease motor deficits.
4680h agoSERPINA3N aggravates neural injury and vascular damage under pathological conditions, and its overexpression drives a pro-inflammatory response and promotes neurodegeneration after brain injury.
4680h agoA neural circuit model shows that recurrent excitation within the evidence integration population supports sensory evidence accumulation, working memory, and reward rate optimisation, and explains decision-making and interference.
4680h agoA deep learning framework using a one-dimensional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and a linear classifier accurately detects seizures and Low-Voltage Fast Activity (LVFA) in stereo electroencephalography (SEEG) data of patients with focal epilepsy.
4684h agoRats emit a distinct type of ultrasonic vocalization when consuming palatable food, and this vocalization is modulated by the endogenous opioid system.
4684h agoFunctional ultrasound imaging provides a continuous and stable assessment of cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular autoregulation, correlating strongly with red blood cell flux and showing higher stability and reproducibility than standard approaches.
4684h agoEarly visual experience impacts the development of the human brain's white matter, with people born with dense bilateral cataracts showing impaired white matter integrity that partially recovers after sight restoration later in life.
4684h agoFree online webinar platforms can democratize scientific knowledge and support career development globally by providing more inclusive modes of communication.
4688h agoNeurons that respond to illusory contours drive pattern completion in V1, which may mediate perceptual inference by reinforcing activity patterns that match prior expectations.
4688h agoAMPAR signaling drives the acute activation of ependymal-derived neural stem/progenitor cells after spinal cord injury, and this mechanism can be targeted therapeutically to harness the spinal cord's regenerative potential.
4688h agoTau aggregates have different interactors in various diseases, including Alzheimer's, progressive supranuclear palsy, and dementia with Lewy bodies, determining unique molecular signatures for each condition.
4688h agoSerotonin receptors are expressed differently on neurons in the auditory system, with glutamatergic neurons primarily expressing inhibitory receptors and GABAergic neurons expressing excitatory receptors.
4688h agoThe GABABR1a receptor mediates the inhibitory effect of sAPPalpha on neurite outgrowth by suppressing axon length in neurons.
4688h agoPeople with dyslexia have impaired neural processing of speech rhythms, marked by abnormal delta-band power and phase entrainment in theta, beta, and gamma bands.
4688h agoSmaller surface areas of the cingulate cortex, particularly the left anterior cingulate cortex, are associated with higher cortisol stress responses in individuals, especially males.
4688h agoA new MRI technique allows non-invasive tracking of remyelination in the brain by detecting the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into myelin-producing cells.
4688h agoThe fetal brain's structural connectivity increases in integration and segregation and follows a sigmoid growth pattern, with a rapid strengthening of connections around 27.5-30.5 weeks of gestation.
4688h agoA unified approach called DCHO models and forecasts the temporal evolution of higher-order brain connectivity, capturing interactions among three or more brain regions, based on a decomposition-composition framework.
4696h agoThe cerebellum contributes to human cognition through functional specializations tailored to different task domains, and operates under core constraints of prediction, timescale, and continuity.
4696h agoEEG neurofeedback does not enable people to control their brain activity on purpose, but instead causes changes due to non-specific influences.
4696h agoNeural mass models can be described using ideas from physics, such as energy and conserved quantities, which helps to understand their dynamics and link them to energy landscape theory.
4696h agoHumans walk and run in a mixture of gaits at speeds between 1.9 and 3.0 meters per second, with the walk versus run fraction changing with speed to minimize energy expenditure.
4696h agoCombining Active Inference with the Drift-Diffusion Model explains cognitive effort arising from habit violation and value discriminability, and integrating the two frameworks improves parameter recovery.
4696h agoA new 3D musculoskeletal model of Drosophila legs is developed, enabling investigation of motor control and biomechanics' contribution to complex limb movements.
4696h agoA deep-neural-network method helps eliminate spiral-wave turbulence in heart tissue models by applying control currents on a mesh electrode to prevent sudden cardiac death.
4696h agoThermodynamic efficiency can be generalized to settings with multiple control parameters, and it can be interpreted from an observer's perspective in terms of how well system parameters can be inferred from observable behavior or how difficult it is to navigate the statistical manifold.
4696h agoThe Turing theory remains valid for adaptive symmetric networks with positive weights, and its instability conditions depend on the network's Laplace matrix and model parameters.
4696h agoIntegrable generalized Henon-Heiles systems with specific Hamiltonians have orbits that transition from bounded to escaping as physical parameters change, with a mechanism behind the escape to infinity that varies across different integrable cases.
4696h agoThe Lugiato-Lefever model of optical cavities has a family of stable and unstable time-periodic orbits, called oscillating Turing rolls, that play a fundamental role in the transition from stable Turing rolls to turbulent regimes.
4696h agoIncreasing entanglement in a system of two entangled qubits causes chaos to arise sooner and reduces the time it takes for chaotic trajectories to converge.
4696h agoA bouncing ball interacting with an irregular surface moves in a way that is similar to a random walk, with its movement becoming more spread out over time in a predictable pattern.
4696h agoSolitons in a discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation exhibit self-induced nonreciprocal dynamics, where their behavior changes based on their power, leading to unidirectional acceleration and amplification.
4696h agoThe solution to a Riemann-Hilbert problem constructs soliton solutions to a fifth-order nonlinear partial differential equation, which under certain restrictions yields soliton solutions to the Sawada-Kotera equation.
4696h agoThe active phase of a one-dimensional kinetic contact process has a hierarchical structure of percolation patterns, with more complex patterns emerging on top of simpler ones through cascades of continuous transitions.
4696h agoPairwise interactions can give rise to synergistic information in complex systems, and antibalanced correlational structures or interaction motifs are conditions under which this happens.
4696h agoFaraday waves emerge in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates when a periodic modulation of the scattering length drives collective excitations at a specific frequency.
4696h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β shows properties consistent with quantum chaos, and its correlation functions and moduli space volumes exhibit structural properties that can be interpreted geometrically.
4696h agoThe analysis of biological and artificial neural networks requires considering generic real-asymmetric matrix ensembles, and this approach reveals a universality among them.
4696h agoThe active phase of a one-dimensional kinetic contact process has a hierarchical structure of percolation patterns, with more complex patterns emerging on top of simpler ones through cascades of continuous transitions.
4696h agoArtificial nano-optoelectronic neurons with a circuit footprint reduced by at least a factor of 100 and operating powers in the picowatt regime mimic biological neural networks, enabling photonic neuromorphic computing and adaptive optical sensing.
4696h agoSchwann cell-derived extracellular vesicles carry different molecular cargo at various stages of nerve repair, regulating processes such as myelin ensheathment, neuronal differentiation, and neurogenesis.
4708h agoHead direction cells in the thalamus process sensorimotor inputs differently and connect to various brain areas, and they come in distinct types that provide parallel sensorimotor messages.
4708h agoCombining low-NA telecentric scanning with high-NA fluorescence collection increases the field of view for deep brain imaging through GRIN lenses by effectively eliminating optical aberrations.
4708h agoNeurons with a Presenilin-1 gene mutation have abnormal calcium dynamics, increased mitochondrial respiration, and higher levels of intracellular ROS, leading to a failure in maintaining the electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane.
4708h agoAnimals use coordinated movements and body mechanics to interact with their environment and generate maximal forces to escape from capture.
4716h agoChanges in lipid composition, particularly increases in hexosylceramides and sulfatides, and altered sphingolipid catabolism in lysosomes contribute to brain aging and resemble changes seen in lysosomal storage diseases.
4716h agoGABAB receptors play a dual role in regulating oligodendrocyte differentiation and immune responses in the brain, and their activation with baclofen reduces disease severity and promotes remyelination in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.
4716h agoCortical neurons adapt to loss of fast inhibition through two sequential mechanisms: a transient reduction of excitatory synaptic input, followed by changes in intrinsic membrane properties that decrease input resistance.
4716h agoConvolutional neural networks reveal that wide-field amacrine cells inhibit retinal ganglion cell activity by 10-30% through optimized suppressive surrounds, providing new insights into retinal processing.
4716h agoBinocular vision combines similar inputs from the two eyes into a single percept, and neural responses to binocular stimuli vary with phase relationships, with data best explained by a two-stage contrast gain-control model with parallel monocular channels.
4728h agoLoss of Neurexin1 disrupts the use of past experiences to inform decisions, leading to abnormal brain activity and behavior.
4736h agoA low-cost electronic retina simulator called RetINaBox helps users discover how the visual system builds feature detectors through hands-on experimentation.
4736h agoThe characteristics of virtual environments have little impact on perceived travel distance, with only ground texture, environment scale, and starfield density affecting estimates of distance traveled.
4736h agoReduced inhibitory input from the nucleus accumbens to the ventral pallidum permits activation of the ventral pallidum, which facilitates social play behavior in juvenile rats.
4736h agoKetamine does not change brain activation related to reward processing in healthy individuals 5 hours after infusion, despite strong subjective effects.
4736h agoPlanning involves balancing immediate gains against long-term goals, and brain areas specialize in valuing actions based on their immediate and future benefits.
4736h agoParkinson's disease risk variants affect different brain cell types, classifying patients into six subgroups with distinct symptoms, including motor and non-motor symptoms related to specific cell types.
4736h agoPerceptual consistency and working memory best predict listeners' ability to understand speech in noise.
4736h agoZbtb20 deficiency causes autism-like symptoms and brain changes in mice, but treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin improves these symptoms.
4736h agoPeople postpone making perceptual decisions until they have relevant response options, and then they make more accurate decisions by sequentially sampling stored sensory information from memory.
4736h agoNeuronal filters in electrically coupled networks interact through frequency-dependent amplitude and phase-difference coupling coefficients, shaped by ionic and synaptic currents, and external inputs.
4736h agoErythropoietin stimulates the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells, contributing to myelination, and may be a potential treatment for remyelination therapies.
4736h agoA biobank of patient-derived cells reveals distinct cellular defects in brain organoids from people with neurodevelopmental disorders, including defects in cell survival, cell junctions, and excessive growth of certain cell types.
4736h agoThe sensorimotor system has multiple implicit learning subcomponents with different goals, including implicit recalibration for refining actions and implicit aiming for selecting actions to achieve specific goals.
4736h agoCCL5/CCR5 signaling inhibits neuronal excitation, and blocking it improves symptoms of depression, including anxiety and memory, by increasing neuronal oscillations and plasticity.
4736h agoA fully automated system records neural activity from human cortical organoids and accurately distinguishes between organoids derived from healthy individuals and those with Alzheimer's disease mutations.
4736h agoFunctional brain networks in children aged 8-60 months show individual variability, with sensory cortices being more consistent across the population than association cortices, and network lateralization in the language network increasing with age.
4736h agoThe Cb- and BG-thalamocortical circuits play distinct roles in motor control, with Cb inputs to VLp encoding movement direction more strongly and quickly than BG inputs to VLa.
4736h agoThe netneurotools Python toolkit streamlines brain imaging projects by providing a set of commonly used functions and routines that fill gaps in existing software packages.
4740h agoTactile surface perception changes based on hand posture and functional demands, and the brain dynamically assigns where the surface is and which side we occupy.
4740h agoA memristor-based system analyzes raw analog signals from a genomic sequencer directly in memory, achieving substantial improvements in speed and efficiency for real-time genomic analysis.
4740h agoProposed system SECRET-GWAS enables secure collaborative genome-wide association studies with large datasets while maintaining privacy and accuracy.
4740h agoA complete photonic neuron integrated on a silicon-nitride chip enables ultrafast all-optical computing with nonlinear multi-kernel convolution for image recognition and motion generation.
4740h agoWtCoxG, a new genetic analysis method, improves statistical power for time-to-event data by addressing case ascertainment and using external allele frequency information.
4740h agoTau misfolding and aggregation cause diseases like Alzheimer's and a new treatment, ATB2005A, degrades these tau aggregates, showing therapeutic efficacy in mouse models and a Phase 2 clinical trial in dogs, and is now in human clinical trials.
4740h agoThe statistical Extreme Value Theory provides a framework for category learning by focusing on the extremes of visual input distributions, which better predicts human category membership decisions than traditional central tendency models.
4740h agoSocial experience impacts multiple genes in the brain, and disrupting certain pheromone receptors and transcription factors normalizes the brain's response to social isolation or group housing.
4740h agoThe visual brain quickly encodes information about food edibility and identity, and represents flavour profiles regardless of hunger state or attention, but personal appeal and arousal information emerge only when the food is relevant to the task.
4740h agoA three-neuron circuit consisting of one inhibitory and two excitatory interneurons generates rhythmic leg movements that drive walking in flies.
4740h agoPathogenic tau blocks synaptic plasticity by binding to eIF4B, which stops the local synthesis of proteins needed for memory formation.
4740h agoNeural activity drives changes in gene expression that are crucial for learning, and single-cell long-read sequencing reveals new details about these changes, including cell-type specific transcript isoform expression and alternative splicing in mouse hippocampal cells.
4740h agoBlocking endocytosis in glia increases sleep, and this increase is linked to the accumulation of peroxidized lipids, suggesting that sleep helps clear these toxic lipids from the brain.
4740h agoThe microRNA miR-9a regulates behavioral changes in female fruit flies after mating by controlling the growth of sensory neurons through a dual regulatory system involving epithelial and neuronal signals.
4740h agoBifrontal tDCS at rest decreases cortical oxygenation, alters network connectivity, increases parasympathetic activity, and reduces anger, promoting a calm physiological and emotional state.
4748h agoNetworks optimised for efficient working memory encoding exhibit high-dimensional rotational dynamics that emerge from efficient coding principles.
4748h agoElectrotactile stimuli elicit faster responses than visual stimuli, and larger intensity shifts lead to faster and more accurate responses to electrotactile stimulation.
4748h agoA novel approach using the Riemannian diffusion kernel accurately represents continuous structural connectivity on the cortical surface, accounting for its complex geometry.
4748h agoConcurrent functional linear mixed models can identify associations between photometry signals and behavioral variables that change over time, and can lead to different conclusions than traditional analysis methods that use behavioral summaries.
4752h agoA cellular tipping point, arising from the competition between aggregate accumulation and removal, universally emerges across neurodegenerative diseases, separating healthy cells from those burdened with large aggregate loads.
4752h agoApomorphine improves gait in Parkinson's disease by changing brain rhythms and increasing transitions to movement, but also alters movement patterns by reducing leg velocity and step length.
4760h agoCortico-hippocampal dynamics emerge from feedback loops and coupling between the cortex and hippocampus, leading to different states of activity and potentially explaining the involvement of the hippocampus in seizures.
4760h agoPsilocybin enhances the claustrum's inhibitory influence on cortical networks and reduces its inhibitory influence on subcortical areas, which is associated with its subjective effects.
4760h agoSystemic inflammation promotes hyper-exploitation by reducing exploratory behaviour in animals making decisions about food in complex environments.
4760h agoTonic muscle contraction increases motor evoked potentials but decreases two key peaks of the transcranial evoked potentials, challenging the idea that cortical and corticospinal responses are two aspects of the same process.
4760h agoA directed connectome model reveals that brain circuitry follows similar yet distinct patterns across mouse, marmoset, rhesus macaque, and human, with the entorhinal-hippocampal projection being the most efficient pathway in all species.
4760h agoPlace and grid cells interact through reciprocal connections to integrate sensory cues, with place cells improving grid cells' coding accuracy and grid cells enhancing place cells' coding efficiency.
4760h agoThe prefrontal cortex plays a key role in regulating sleep, and local modulation of its activity can increase or decrease the amount of sleep.
4760h agoDendritic spine dysfunction contributes to neuropsychiatric disorders, and two distinct spine phenotypes are linked to schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, characterized by changes in spine volume.
4760h agoThe neural representation of visual perception and working memory uses partially distinct but also shared coding components in the brain.
4760h agoMotor-evoked activation in the spinal cord shows poor test-retest reliability, despite reliable task performance and fMRI signal quality, and increasing the number of task runs improves group-level activation but not individual reliability.
4760h agoEstrogen receptor alpha activation protects photoreceptors from degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa by reducing inflammation and disrupting a harmful signaling loop.
4760h agoThe pli-de-passage fronto-parietal moyen (PPfpm) is a near-universal cerebral fold in the adult human brain, consistently located at mid-height within the central sulcus and associated with the sensorimotor hand area.
4764h agoThe infant brain's visual system responds to visual stimulation at a 4Hz theta rhythm, which is different from the 10Hz alpha rhythm found in adults.
4764h agoThe cerebellum develops rapidly in early life, with its posterior areas growing faster than anterior areas, and its growth is coordinated with and supports the development of cognitive functions, including socio-linguistic behaviors.
4764h agoA shared neural code for complex finger movements exists across individuals, allowing for accurate classification of brain activity in areas responsible for motor control.
4764h agoOverexpressing the human alpha-synuclein gene in the brain of zebra finches reduces the firing rate of certain neurons, leading to changes in vocalizations similar to those seen in Parkinson's Disease.
4764h agoNeural activity in the visual and posterior parietal cortex reflects elapsed time since a previous event, not temporal predictions or prediction errors, and is coded in a distributed way by different types of neurons.
4764h agoCircadian disruption causes changes in locomotor activity, stress, and immunometabolic signalling, and is linked to increased inflammation, stress, and disrupted glucose metabolism in the brain.
4764h agoUsing Hibernate media to store human dorsal root ganglion tissue allows for similar neuronal yield, electrophysiological properties, and functional responses as freshly isolated tissue, overcoming logistical barriers to research.
4764h agoThe NeuronID toolkit accurately processes two-photon calcium imaging data by automatically correcting motion, reducing noise, and extracting neuronal signals.
4764h agoLarge language models can approximate human brain activity in sensory-motor tasks, and their internal states can be linearly mapped onto human neural activity.
4768h agoA novel flexible and implantable neural probe made from polyimide film and gold provides low impedance characteristics for acquiring local field potential signals, making it a promising biocompatible device for neural implantation.
4768h agoLITcoder, an open-source library, provides standardized tools for building and benchmarking neural encoding models that align stimuli with brain data and evaluate predictive performance.
4768h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
4768h agoA continuum model for directed cell migration, which combines random motility with non-local guidance cues, is implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to capture phenomena such as cell sorting and aggregation.
4768h agoIntermittent chaos emerges in an optical microresonator as it transitions from stable oscillation to chaotic motion, and can enhance system responses in nonlinear ultrasonic detection.
4768h agoA new type of self-assembled crystal made of vortex triplets emerges in an active-spinner fluid when activity overcomes dissipation.
4768h agoThe initial vorticity packing fraction determines the transport properties of decaying two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence, leading to distinct dynamics and transport behaviors.
4768h agoA deep learning emulator accurately models complex systems by generalising across a range of parameter values, enabling efficient exploration of parameter space and uncertainty quantification.
4768h agoThe Lorenz system has a novel class of dynamical invariants that depend on the system's history and remain constant along any trajectory.
4768h agoInvariant random matrix ensembles exhibit a specific large-n asymptotic behavior for a certain average, which is determined by solutions to the Painleve-XXXIV equation.
4768h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by using samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
4768h agoMatrix models are presented whose partition functions are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy, including new models associated with product of spheres with embedded graphs and their multi-matrix model generalizations.
4768h agoThe long-term nonequilibrium dynamics of q-state Potts models exhibit cyclic changes in homogeneous phases at low energies and coexisting wave modes at high energies, with some models showing additional dynamic modes and spiral wave patterns.
4768h agoA new random graph model inspired by assembly theory generates graphs with diverse properties, characterized by a broad range of summary statistics, and distinct properties enabled by historical contingencies during the generative process.
4768h agoThe information about time-dependent correlations in spin-glass systems is encoded in four-spin correlations of speckle patterns and can be measured using resonant magnetic x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.
4768h agoTrue complexity in materials emerges when their structures are neither perfectly crystalline nor randomly disordered, but instead have non-random patterns.
4768h agoMachine learning model accurately reconstructs a quantum system's Hamiltonian from a spatial map of the local density of states near a fixed energy.
4768h agoGauge theories can produce constrained models with faster-than-diffusive dynamics, where energy transport is superdiffusive and spin transport exhibits ballistic behavior.
4768h agoAn open quantum system can perform multiple vector-matrix multiplications with stochastic matrices in parallel, with the result presented as stationary energy flows, taking a time independent of input vector dimension.
4768h agoThe magnetoconductance of a clean interface between two Weyl semimetals remains linear with field strength even with interface disorder, but its slope changes at a certain field strength and is determined by different factors depending on the field strength.
4768h agoThe maximum pseudolikelihood estimator can jointly estimate temperature and external field parameters with a certain level of accuracy in spin glass models with competing ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic spin interactions.
4768h agoNeural networks trained in the infinite-width regime are described by kernel machines with data-dependent kernels.
4768h agoAmorphous Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ supports two-level systems due to low-energy modes in its electronic and phonon spectra.
4768h agoNorm-conserving spin models driven by temporally hyperuniform noise exhibit a sharp ergodicity-breaking transition in the absence of interactions, where dynamics freeze into configurations determined by the initial condition.
4768h agoPhotonic hardware mimicking biological neural networks offers a solution to the growing global energy demand of artificial intelligence, and an artificial nano-optoelectronic neuron has been developed with a circuit footprint reduced by at least a factor of 100, enabling low power consumption and biological functions.
4768h agoDifferent types of olfactory receptor neurons play distinct roles in shaping sleep patterns, and their effects on sleep are adjusted based on factors such as mating status and serotonin receptor expression.
4768h agoNMDA receptor kinetics control neuronal firing patterns and information processing, with rapid or slow deactivation rates producing distinct pathways to firing irregularity and influencing conditions for pathological long-term potentiation and neurological disorders.
4768h agoThe brain encodes tactile motion speed using both rate and temporal codes across different stages of the primary somatosensory cortex.
4768h agoA low-cost, open-source olfactometer system enables easy and affordable access to controlled odour delivery, allowing more labs to conduct olfactory research.
4768h agoGene expression and cell types differ between the left and right hemispheres of mice brains, particularly in the hippocampus and auditory cortex, which may relate to functional asymmetries for learning, memory, and hearing.
4768h agoDeleting EPO in mice does not impair cognitive functions, and instead, may even improve performance in challenging working memory tasks due to compensatory upregulation of EPOR and EphB4 receptors.
4768h agoMutation of the serine/threonine kinase32a (stk32a) gene results in increased sleep and impaired sleep homeostasis in both zebrafish and mice.
4768h agoMAVeRiC-AD, a new framework, improves the classification of Alzheimer's disease from brain images by using a combination of expert models and demographic data to provide more accurate and reliable results.
4768h agoThe P3 and P600 brain components are not directly affected by changes in norepinephrine activity, suggesting that their link to the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system may not be straightforward.
4768h agoA two-photon imaging method allows visualization of the development and organization of low-threshold mechanoreceptors in the mouse forepaw, enabling study of the cellular mechanisms that regulate their patterning and plasticity.
4768h agoRetinal aging is characterized by cell type- and species-specific changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility, with Muller glia playing a potential role in combating age-associated retinal dystrophies.
4768h agoCombining contextual logs with quality assurance and control improves the reliability of field-collected light exposure data from wearable devices.
4768h agoLocal infrared stimulation changes the properties of slow waves in the brain by shortening up-state durations, prolonging down-states, and increasing neuronal synchronization.
4768h agoPrenatal exposure to e-cigarette aerosol reduces the migration of GABA neurons, a critical process for brain development, by activating a specific receptor through nicotine.
4768h agoCholesterol ester levels increase with demyelination in the brain and spinal cord, and remain elevated in areas with limited remyelination, suggesting a link between cholesterol ester accumulation and demyelination.
4768h agoHumans lose access to the uncertainty of individual sensory modalities once their brains integrate multiple sensory inputs into a single perception.
4772h agoA scalp-based approach using Continuous Proportional Coordinate (CPC) system achieves comparable performance to neuronavigation in personalized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targeting.
4772h agoNMDA receptor signaling plays a crucial role in processing novel and deviant sounds in the brain, affecting neural responses and communication between auditory and posterior parietal cortices.
4772h agoNew Hybridization Chain Reaction detection methods combine high specificity with enzyme-based signal amplification, enabling robust spatial detection of short and low-abundance RNA targets in challenging tissue environments.
4772h agoSuvorexant, a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist, increases sleep and selectively changes maternal behavior in lactating rats by promoting nursing and reducing active maternal behavior.
4772h agoThe vertebrate retina likely evolved from a complex median photoreceptive organ that already contained both ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, which then lateralized and diversified into the retina and pineal/parapineal complex.
4772h agoCognitive noise causes people to distort probability judgments because it is repelled by the natural boundaries of probability, leading to inaccurate assessments of risk and likelihood.
4772h agoOptimal electrode configurations for cervical spinal cord stimulation to improve upper-limb motor recovery include positioning over the dorsal root entry zone, using rostro-caudal current flow, larger contacts, and cathodal stimulation.
4772h agoPyramidal neurons in the gustatory cortex undergo postnatal maturation, changing their intrinsic excitability and shifting the balance of excitation and inhibition towards inhibition as they reach young adult properties.
4772h agoNeurons in the middle temporal cortex represent multiple moving stimuli by leveraging spatial selectivity within their receptive fields, enabling individual components of the stimuli to be segregated and represented by a population of neurons.
4772h agoSpinal cord preganglionic neurons increase their excitability after spinal cord injury to compensate for reduced activity, which helps to limit low blood pressure but can also exaggerate reflex responses.
4772h agoThe hippocampus builds a combined map of space by combining separate brain maps for different senses, with the lateral entorhinal cortex mapping olfactory space and the medial entorhinal cortex mapping visual space.
4772h agoIschemia worsens memory and brain function in mice with a model of Alzheimer's disease, causing deficits that do not occur with ischemia alone.
4772h agoYEATS2 regulates dopaminergic synaptic integrity through an epigenetic-calcium axis that controls calcium levels and dopamine neuron survival.
4772h agoThe blood-brain barrier's integrity relies on a reciprocal control between tight junctions and cell-matrix adhesions in brain endothelial cells.
4772h agoA specific head position in an MRI scanner minimizes unwanted vestibular side effects caused by the scanner's magnetic field, reducing dizziness and neural activation in the brain.
4776h agoExtended cessation, a state of suspended consciousness, is marked by increased activity in sensory regions, decreased activity in areas related to self-awareness and emotion, and changes in brain connections that relate to heightened perceptual clarity and reduced mental suffering.
4780h agoA high-fat, high-sugar diet causes cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease mouse models by altering gene expression in glial cells and brain neurons, leading to changes in cell excitability.
4780h agoDendrites in certain neurons integrate synaptic inputs in a supralinear way, and this integration interacts with backpropagating action potentials to enhance synaptic plasticity.
4784h agoA population of hypothalamic neurons that produces the neuropeptides QRFP and Pth4 promotes sleep by acting through monoaminergic neurons in the hindbrain.
4784h agoDisrupted theta phase locking of inhibitory interneurons causes altered network function, leading to increased seizure susceptibility in epilepsy.
4784h agoThe nucleus accumbens, a key component of the brain's reward and motivation system, has a complex organization of diverse cell types and spatial domains that are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders.
4784h agoSex differences in human brain cortical volume arise from differences in surface area and cortical thickness, which are influenced by X-chromosome dosage and gonadal hormones.
4784h agoAbnormal activity in the CA2 region of the hippocampus contributes to impaired social behavior in Fragile X Syndrome by disrupting responses to social stimuli and oxytocin.
4784h agoAnimals use coordinated facial movements to interact with their environment, and a new tool called face-rhythm can track and interpret these movements, revealing a link between facial behaviors and neural activity patterns.
4784h agoPSEN2 gene variants increase seizure risk in Alzheimer's disease by regulating hippocampal kainate-type glutamate receptors, with PSEN2 knockout mice showing increased susceptibility to seizures, particularly in young mice.
4784h agoThe brain integrates sensory information and memory to produce sequences of movements, but switches to relying solely on memory when the sequence becomes predictable, and reverts back to integrating both when predictability is disrupted.
4784h agoManganese preferentially accumulates in the Golgi apparatus of brain cells, and astrocytes accumulate three times more manganese than neurons, which can lead to neurotoxicity.
4788h agoMuscle activity during a critical period of development helps regulate axon termination in motor neurons through a local retrograde signal that involves neuronal calcium dynamics and neuropeptide signaling.
4788h agoTarsi are primarily responsible for mediating mosquito takeoff responses to permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, and both tarsi and antennae detect permethrin through chemosensory receptors.
4788h agoA new model, Dual Local-Global Encoder (DLGE), enables classification across different brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigms without retraining, achieving average precision, recall, and F1-score of 60.16%, 59.88%, and 59.56% respectively.
4792h agoCollectives outperform individuals on some problems because they have more resources, such as sensory information, memory, and processing capacity, which enables them to use different problem-solving strategies.
4792h agoA novel co-simulation approach unifies micro- and macroscales to capture brain dynamics, suggesting that noise contributes to neural variability, not overall spiking activity, in Parkinson's disease.
4792h agoModern generative models can synthesize realistic EEG artifact segments that are suitable for augmentation and stress-testing, with WGAN-GP achieving closer alignment to real data than a denoising diffusion model.
4792h agoThe Spherical Brownian Bridge Diffusion Model forecasts individualized cortical thickness trajectories by integrating multi-modal data and using a new denoising model to achieve more accurate predictions.
4792h agoA novel deep learning model, ADHDeepNet, using electroencephalogram signals, achieves 100% sensitivity and 99.17% accuracy in diagnosing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
4792h agoThe NSD-synthetic dataset provides fMRI responses to synthetic images that are out-of-distribution with respect to natural scenes, enabling tests of model robustness and revealing differences between brain models.
4792h agoEfficient goal-directed learning relies on compressing complex goal information into a stable reward function.
4792h agoThe human psyche can be modeled as an operating system with a space of needs that determines life meanings and intelligence that makes decisions to satisfy those needs.
4792h agoThe choice of brain representation affects measurements of individual differences in brain scans, and feature type plays a crucial role when comparing results from different representations.
4792h agoThe dispersion of trajectories of stochastic processes in phase spaces is governed by covariance structure over time and intermittency affects how initial separations impact dispersion.
4792h agoA novel framework introduces paperfolding structures to analyze and visualize the geometric structure of horseshoes in high-dimensional chaotic dynamics, providing a method to classify topological features of chaotic sets.
4792h agoBoundaries shape patterning dynamics in confined systems by generating a sequence of size-controlled transitions that lead to exponential increase of patterning timescales.
4792h agoThe synchronization transition in adaptive networks of coupled Rossler systems depends on the interplay between microscopic dynamics and mesoscopic connectivity structure.
4792h agoCollectives outperform individuals on some problems because they have more resources, such as sensory information, memory, and processing capacity, which enables them to use different problem-solving strategies.
4792h agoA solvable many-body quantum model called boundary scrambling presents a unified understanding of quantum information dynamics, scrambling, and the behavior of out-of-time-order correlation functions.
4792h agoA method solves the Cauchy problem for the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a box-type initial condition by implementing the Inverse Scattering Transform numerically.
4792h agoTurbulence self-organizes into coherent structures through a process of synchronization among locally coupled oscillators, forming dense structures with quantized loop currents governed by topological constraints.
4792h agoA general analytical framework computes the equivalent resistance between arbitrary nodes in infinite resistor networks with line defects.
4792h agoThe Drift-Diffusion Network (DDNet) solves forward and inverse problems of semiconductor device modeling with low error by using physics-informed neural networks.
4792h agoThe study identifies three non-trivial fixed points in measurement-induced phase transitions in monitored free fermions, describing metallic, localized, and multifractal regimes with distinct entanglement properties.
4792h agoThe interplay between Anderson localization and Coulomb repulsion reveals connections to superconductivity and many-body localization in quantum systems, specifically in a tin monolayer on silicon, where a mobility edge between extended and localized states is identified and nonlinear sigma-models are found to be valid even in a strongly correlated 2D system.
4792h agoTraffic congestion follows simple contagion dynamics, with microscopic network flows leading to macroscopic epidemic-type behavior, such as Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible or Susceptible-Infected-Recovered processes.
4792h agoLeading vision language models excel at basic scientific tasks like equipment identification but struggle with spatial reasoning and multistep analysis, limiting their use in autonomous scientific discovery.
4796h agoPain experience varies between people and even within the same person depending on the context, and researchers developed a series of assays to objectively assess pressure pain across tasks with different demands.
4796h agoElevated EEG delta power in Angelman syndrome reflects increased periodic delta oscillations and aperiodic changes, which are linked to different behavioral domains and follow distinct developmental paths.
4796h agoSleep deprivation does not directly cause death, but it increases susceptibility to traumatic brain injury by making the brain more excitable.
4800h agoFixational eye movements affect the information available in the early visual system by changing the way the visual stimulus and response interact.
4800h agoGrid cells track animal movement in multiple local reference frames and reanchor to task-relevant objects to estimate local position during a self-motion-based task.
4808h agoTeneurin 4 helps neurons migrate to form functional layers by switching between interactions with itself and with Latrophilins to either attach to or detach from radial glial cells.
4808h agoThe degeneration of dopaminergic projections to the striatum in Parkinson's disease involves substantial transcriptomic changes in both neuronal and glial populations, with some cell types showing more resilience to dopamine depletion than others.
4808h agoAlpha band oscillations in the brain are generated in superficial and deep layers, suggesting top-down processes, according to a study that used non-invasive techniques to investigate the origins of electrophysiological signals in humans.
4808h agoThe ventrolateral division of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus uses multiple neural plasticity mechanisms, including immediate early gene and NMDA receptor-dependent mechanisms, to adapt social behavior after experiencing social defeat.
4808h agoThe brain retrieves memories by balancing sensory information from contextual cues with learned statistical patterns of past experiences to decide which memory to recall.
4808h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex controls claustrum activity through a mechanism that switches from excitation to inhibition as mice mature from neonates to adults.
4808h agoLearning concept regularities and exceptions is distinctly supported by hippocampal pathways, with the monosynaptic pathway involved in encoding regularities early in learning and the trisynaptic pathway involved in encoding exceptions late in learning.
4808h agoInter-individual variability of neurotransmitter receptor density across brain regions and systems is quantified, providing a means to assess the generalizability of receptor density measurements.
4808h agoUniversity students judge natural enhancers as most acceptable, followed by brain stimulation and then pharmacological agents, with their moral acceptability influenced more by intuitive moral reasoning than by legality or objective safety.
4808h agoOlder adults shift their gaze earlier to their own paddle before intercepting a moving ball, but look later than younger adults to the ball's future location.
4808h agoOtp transcription factor plays a key role in regulating stress responses and energy balance in adulthood by controlling the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides.
4808h agoNociceptors use both glutamate and neuropeptide signaling to transmit pain information to the brain, and blocking both is needed to profoundly reduce pain responses.
4808h agoHead motion during brain imaging scans disproportionately excludes certain racial and ethnic groups, especially at younger ages, and differences in participant retention also persist over time.
4812h agoAmerican ginseng extract G1899 improves cognitive function, reduces Alzheimer's disease symptoms, and protects neurons by modulating microglial activity and clearing amyloid beta.
4812h agoThe parietal cortex is the core area for processing ground-tilt information, and neurons across the dorsal cortex preserve tilt-direction information in a universal format that is shared across different motion conditions.
4812h agoThe composition of neurons in the brain critically affects the ability of a hormone-like substance to stop abnormal electrical activity associated with childhood absence epilepsy.
4812h agoHigher physical activity is associated with better cognitive function and preserved brain structure in people aged 60 and older.
4816h agoThe classification performance of Spiking Neural Networks depends on the interaction between the neuron model, network size, and learning rule, with certain configurations remaining robust to weak or noisy signals.
4816h agoA dual-resolution framework defines the conditions for consciousness by combining the Information Theory of Individuality and the Moment-to-Moment theory, offering a generalizable theory that positions AI as a testbed for its emergence.
4816h agoThe human psyche can be modeled as an operating system that uses a space of needs to determine life meanings and intelligence to make decisions to satisfy those needs.
4816h agoNormative modelling estimates population-level benchmarks in brain structure, enabling the quantification of individual deviations from expected distributions and offering a powerful alternative to traditional case-control studies.
4816h agoExtrema-Segmented Entropy (ExSEnt) quantifies time-series complexity by separating temporal from amplitude contributions, allowing for the identification of whether overall irregularity is driven by timing, amplitude, or their coupling.
4816h agoHandwriting signals can effectively distinguish between neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and healthy controls, by measuring stability, writing speed, and pressure variations.
4816h agoComplex-plane singularities play a crucial role in early-time solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation on the real line, determining the amplitude, wavelength, and speed of dispersive waves.
4816h agoThe study derives analytical formulae for statistical properties of infinite-modal maps to predict extreme events in nonlinear dynamical systems.
4816h agoExtrema-Segmented Entropy (ExSEnt) quantifies time-series complexity by separating temporal from amplitude contributions, allowing for the identification of whether overall irregularity is driven by timing, amplitude, or their coupling.
4816h agoHigher-order interactions can induce tipping cascades in systems, even when pairwise interactions do not, and can also change the route to cascades and suppress them under certain conditions.
4816h agoA hybrid model combining opinion dynamics and technology adoption on complex networks reveals that opinion formation follows irreversible transitions from opponents to supporters, with charismatic competitors affecting conversion back to old technologies.
4816h agoThe GRASPion, a compact and open-source bristlebot, combines ease of use, programmability, and mechanical versatility to study active matter systems.
4816h agoThe greedy optimization algorithm detects and characterizes differences in information flow and time scales for energy transfer between wavenumbers in a weakly turbulent system.
4816h agoLimit cycles and strange attractors emerge in species-rich mathematical models of ecosystems when variability of interspecies interaction increases, preserving biodiversity by maintaining dynamical stability without species extinction.
4816h agoThe study presents theory and simulation results for 3D vector cylindrical electromagnetic wave propagation in an isotropic nonlinear medium using a modified finite-difference time-domain method.
4816h agoThe Frobenius manifold structure on rational functions with multiple simple poles is constructed and studied through its dependence on flat coordinates and diagonal invariants.
4816h agoThe solution for a passive scalar in decaying homogeneous turbulence develops a sequence of concentric spherical shells with a quantized, piecewise-parabolic radial profile of temperature.
4816h agoInterference effects cause a transient backscattering peak offset from the exact backscattering direction in the dynamics of a spin1/2 particle propagating in a disordered potential with spin-orbit coupling.
4816h agoFluctuating pairwise interactions drive fluid-like states in dense biological systems by controlling the glass transition through their strength and persistence time.
4816h agoQuantum reservoir computing can be implemented through quantum transport in mesoscopic electronic systems, enabling efficient computation with several advantages including compatibility with existing device fabrication techniques and robustness against measurement back-action.
4816h agoNetworks grow through the extension and intersection of lines, leading to a core-and-branches architecture, when lines are added sequentially to maximize local coverage under geometric constraints.
4816h agoGutzwiller projected hidden fermion determinant states achieve competitive energies with matrix product states for simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model using fewer parameters, enabling efficient simulation of large-scale fermionic systems.
4816h agoThe limit free energy of spin glass models is determined by a characteristic of an associated infinite-dimensional non-convex Hamilton-Jacobi equation, which has a unique viscosity solution that can be represented as an average of values along characteristic lines weighted by a probability measure.
4816h agoLocalized surface plasmons can confine light to a tiny volume, but their responses are often inconsistent due to noise from imperfections, however, a new deep-learning method called SPARX can quickly and accurately predict the optical properties of nanoparticles.
4816h agoExcessive wealth concentration undermines economic and social development, and a new model shows that networked interactions lead to local wealth condensation, differing from the global wealth concentration seen in fully connected systems.
4816h agoDropout reduces detrimental correlations between hidden nodes and mitigates the impact of label noise, with the optimal dropout probability increasing with the level of noise in the data.
4816h agoLarge language models can help study collective cognition by addressing its complexity and may also raise risks that require new methods.
4824h agoA machine learning model called SurFF enables fast and accurate predictions of surface energies and morphologies in intermetallic catalysts, achieving over 10^5-fold acceleration for materials screening.
4824h agoSplicing alterations caused by the dysfunction of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 are common in Parkinson's disease and linked to changes in genes that contribute to the disease.
4824h agoThe protein ORF1p regulates gene expression and neuronal physiology in adult neurons by interacting with specific proteins and chromatin.
4824h agoMiR-34a knockout improves long-term memory in Alzheimer's disease mice by inhibiting microglia transition to a state that modulates synaptic and cognitive functions.
4824h agoDNA damage likely causes increased levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease, by showing that as DNA damage rises with age, APP levels also increase.
4824h agoS-nitrosylation of STING cysteine148 mediates aberrant immune responses and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease through the formation of disulfide-bonded STING oligomers.
4824h agoAxo-axonic synapses connect only 1.0% of descending neuron pairs, but when present, their strength grows with the number of partners, and specific neurons play a key role in modulating escape control.
4828h agoDifferent neuronal populations in the mouse brain have distinct lipid profiles, and sex-based differences in these profiles are present in certain neuronal populations.
4828h agoReaction times reflect changes in brain state as task difficulty evolves during a simultaneity judgment task, particularly near the temporal binding window where stimuli are perceived as simultaneous.
4828h agoA specific ion channel helps a single neuron in grasshoppers detect and respond to approaching threats by shaping its selectivity for visual stimuli.
4828h agoIslets in the pancreas have a specialized connection with sympathetic nerves that helps control blood glucose levels, and they produce proteins that help maintain and repair this connection.
4828h agoThe downregulation of miR-146a in diseased motor neurons contributes to motor neuron degeneration, and deleting this microRNA extends survival in mice with a model of ALS.
4828h agoThe inclusion of exon4a in the tau protein introduces a highly acidic and hydrophilic module that counterbalances the aggregation-prone domains of the protein.
4828h agoTreatment with NLX-112 improves motor function in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia3, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive motor disturbances.
4828h agoAlzheimer's disease increases the risk of cardiac damage after a heart attack, which may raise the risk of cardiovascular death.
4828h agoBassoon, a scaffolding protein, has a specific orientation at the active zone of presynaptic nerve terminals, with its C-terminal region directed toward the synaptic cleft and its N-terminal region toward synaptic vesicles.
4828h agoPathway-specific delays in biological motor circuits generate history-dependent oscillations and short-lived transients that are attenuated as a control parameter approaches a critical band, enabling new methods for stage inference and adaptive neuromodulation.
4828h agoAPOE4 causes increased TGF-beta signaling in brain tissue, which leads to a transition of pericytes to myofibroblasts, resulting in vascular fibrosis and amyloid deposition.
4828h agoLearning from social feedback changes innate courtship behaviors in male flies, allowing for investigation into the neural and molecular basis of social plasticity.
4828h agoFluctuations in the decision criterion shape confidence in human decision-making, with trial-by-trial changes in the criterion state affecting confidence ratings.
4828h agoThe physiological arousal response and motor control strategy of gait adapt together during repeated exposure to split-belt walking, with the greatest adaptation occurring during the first exposure.
4828h agoHumans' ability to generate force is limited by their ability to produce stiffness, and limb configuration has a minimal effect on this force generation.
4828h agoNovice Vipassana meditators have different brain activity patterns and faster object recognition than non-meditators, according to an analysis of EEG data using four biomarkers.
4828h agoThe C1 component of the human visual evoked potential predicts perceptual decisions for a short range of response times, independently of physical stimulus conditions.
4828h agoThe human cerebellum has unique features that distinguish it from non-human primates, including a human-specific role of the protein ZP2 in regulating synapses.
4832h agoEarly life stress maintains high densities of certain interneurons in the auditory cortex, disrupting normal developmental decreases and potentially contributing to deficits in auditory processing.
4832h agoA new cross-species hierarchical atlas enables consistent anatomical comparison of brain structure across different species, including rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans.
4832h agoImplicit motor adaptation emerges rapidly, even after a single exposure to small perturbations, and is greater when task error is present than when only sensory prediction error is available.
4832h agoEarly life stress changes glutamate release and function in the prefrontal cortex during fear conditioning in a sex- and age-dependent way.
4836h agoEthanol exposure during a critical period of development increases the frequency of inhibitory signals in Golgi cells, disrupting cerebellar circuit maturation.
4836h agoChronic stress causes axonal degeneration by activating a neuron-glia communication axis in which neuronal immune signaling instructs glial phagocytosis.
4836h agoDifferences in susceptibility to stress and disease between commonly used control flies affect the outcome of Drosophila models for studying human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.
4836h agoThe Prenatal Human Connectome Patterns dataset provides high-resolution imaging data on human fetal brain development from 18 to 31 weeks of gestation.
4836h agoA physics-transfer learning framework uses simple geometry physics to analyze complex brain morphology, providing insights into brain development and diseases.
4840h agoA new 3D musculoskeletal model of Drosophila legs is introduced, enabling investigation of motor control and providing insights into how biomechanics contribute to generation of complex limb movements.
4840h agoEfficient goal-directed learning relies on compressing complex goal information into a stable reward function.
4840h agoAbnormal interactions between brain regions responsible for perception can generate visual hallucinations through disturbances in the visual system, particularly in the ventral stream.
4840h agoA Python repository benchmarks and standardizes similarity measures, providing a tool to compare across studies by uniquely specifying and efficiently implementing these measures.
4840h agoMother-child interaction involves dynamic changes in inter-brain synchrony at theta and alpha rhythms, which alternate with interactive behaviors and are linked to the mother's attempts to track and engage with her child.
4840h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate in sensory systems by using pairwise correlations and single-bin entropies, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions to provide accurate results.
4840h agoThe brain's functional network develops from a locally modular organization in childhood to a highly segregated and specialized network system in adulthood, enabling a balance between internal and external cognitive processes.
4840h agoA novel computational framework called SynaptoGen enables the creation of biological agents with pre-wired neural circuits by linking genetic factors to synaptic connections.
4840h agoElectrical coupling of nonchaotic Rulkov neurons leads to rich dynamics, including chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and synchronized hyperchaos, with high-dimensional chaotic attractors occupying up to 45 dimensions of state space.
4840h agoStructured state-space models predominantly preserve the initially presented data in memory, rather than more recent inputs, showing a memory bias known as the primacy effect.
4840h agoThe complete Lie point symmetry algebras are obtained for two sequences of odd-order evolution equations, including fully-nonlinear equations.
4840h agoBosonic star networks are superintegrable, and their energy eigenvalues can be expressed using two forms of Bethe Ansatz solution.
4840h agoThe open-source Python solver accurately reproduces key phenomena of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, including soliton collisions and modulation instability, and provides a valuable tool for exploring nonlinear wave dynamics.
4840h agoThe locomotion of C. elegans nematodes is hyperchaotic and dissipative, with a Lyapunov spectrum characterized by two positive and one negative exponents.
4840h agoA physics-transfer learning framework uses simple geometry physics to analyze complex brain morphology, providing insights into brain development and diseases.
4840h agoThe Recursive Hierarchical Network (RHN) framework reveals that evolution of complex systems follows an irreversible progression from structure-dominated to regulation-dominated to intelligence-dominated stages.
4840h agoA technique using a one-dimensional optical lattice efficiently removes vortices from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate by creating narrow channels that separate the vortex core from its phase singularity.
4840h agoAsymmetric spectral losses can trigger sideband amplification in passive hybrid optical resonators, leading to optical frequency combs with tunable repetition rate.
4840h agoLarge Language Models' opinions tend to converge to a shared view when interacting, but are influenced by biases from training data, favoring agreement and initial opinions.
4840h agoElectrical coupling of nonchaotic Rulkov neurons leads to rich dynamics, including chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and synchronized hyperchaos, with high-dimensional chaotic attractors occupying up to 45 dimensions of state space.
4840h agoYang-Baxter maps and the independence preserving property are preserved when transformed through ultra-discretization, a method used to explore connections between integrable systems.
4840h agoThe alpha-Gauss-Logistic map exhibits a rich range of behaviors, including multiple period-doubling cascades to chaos, abrupt onset of chaos, and regular behavior, depending on the parameters r and alpha.
4840h agoA classical integrable system exhibits tsunami-like solitons on a rocky-desert-like disordered stationary background, which can be described by a Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian in a parity-mixed superconductor.
4840h agoA graph neural network model accurately distinguishes between different states of a linear dynamical system on networks.
4840h agoSynchronization of two remote agents' clocks is practically attainable beyond the conventional noise-induced synchronization regime through exposure to strong environmental noise.
4840h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes operates through a parallelized message-passing framework, allowing it to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
4840h agoErgodic dynamics can be used to prepare quantum states with higher entanglement than generated by maximally scrambling dynamics, which is a useful resource for tasks such as quantum teleportation.
4840h agoCoordinated self-organisation in granular systems emerges when a small subset of configurations are more stable than the rest and survive longer despite noise.
4840h agoPhysical systems can store information in many distinct ways, and local non-equilibrium dynamics can retain information about their initial conditions for long time scales even with perturbations.
4840h agoThe dominant vertices in a Boolean network determine the network's dynamics, and a reduced graph of these vertices creates a simpler system with the same attractor structure as the original network.
4840h agoNon-Hermitian systems with non-reciprocal hopping display a non-Hermitian skin effect where states localize exponentially at one edge under open boundary conditions.
4840h agoThe incommensurate energy band theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding localized states in quasiperiodic lattices, representing their energy spectrum as localized state energy bands that characterize all properties of the localized states.
4840h agoThe driven dynamics of the localization phase transition in the Aubry-André model starting from an extended state follows the Kibble-Zurek mechanism and its extension, finite-time scaling, with derived scaling functions that differ from those for initially localized states.
4840h agoA new variation of the exponential Hopfield model has unprecedented storage capacity and preserves its exceptional storage capabilities even under robustness constraints.
4840h agoHyperuniform structures have suppressed density fluctuations at large scales, and their topological features correlate with their hyperuniform characteristics.
4840h agoNew analytical bounds on ground state energies for multipartite p-spin models are produced that can compute lower and upper energy limits for any spin sets.
4840h agoPersistent charge and spin currents exist in a ferromagnetic Hatano-Nelson ring with anti-Hermitian intradimer hopping, and disorder can amplify spin currents.
4840h agoGlasses soften due to intermittent structural relaxation events, or "avalanches," induced by thermal fluctuations, and these events are characterized by changes in structural, mechanical, dynamical, topological, and vibrational properties.
4840h agoQuantum dissipation enhances localization in the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model, allowing the system to retain memory of its initial state more robustly than under unitary dynamics.
4840h agoAn artificial nano-optoelectronic neuron with a much smaller circuit footprint and low power consumption mimics biological neural networks, enabling photonic neuromorphic computing and adaptive optical sensing.
4840h agoImpulsively driven low-frequency phonons enhance long-range electronic correlations in a low-dimensional metal, enabling buildup of coherence and enhancement of charge orders.
4840h agoGlasses have complex energy landscapes that lead to non-equilibrium aging dynamics, and a new model predicts that weak ergodicity breaking occurs before strong ergodicity breaking when cooling, and also identifies a static length that characterizes the aging behavior.
4840h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a huge number of materials, where ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency, and the law's parameters have a unique relationship with each other.
4840h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate in sensory systems by using pairwise correlations and single-bin entropies, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions to provide accurate results.
4840h agoCollectives process information better by sharing complementary knowledge, allowing groups to track changing environments more effectively than individuals.
4840h agoWealth concentration leads to economic and social problems, and a new model shows that networked interactions among agents result in local wealth condensation, rather than global wealth concentration.
4840h agoCaMKIV phosphorylates REST, which decreases its repressor activity on neural genes and leads to its degradation, thereby regulating intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission in neurons.
4844h agoTraumatic brain injury leads to widespread reprogramming of lipid metabolism in microglial and monocyte populations, causing lipid accumulation, lysosomal dysfunction, and inhibition of autophagy.
4844h agoThe human brain uses motion signals, especially local foot motions and kinematic features, to detect animacy from biological motion, and this ability is shared across species.
4844h agoFunctional connectivity in the brain is closely related to local patterns within underlying blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals, and this relationship is clinically relevant.
4848h agoThe brain encodes information through complex interactions between different areas, with neurons tuned to specific features distributed across the cortex and shaped by spatial competition between representational systems.
4848h agoIn-memory computing architecture can implement large language models with improved computational efficiency in time and energy while maintaining high accuracy.
4852h agoResearchers in Brazil, India, and Africa are using clever tricks to remix large language models to bring AI to billions of users.
4852h agoLarge language models can assist urban planning by bringing new opportunities to the design of cities.
4852h agoUsing in-memory computing with emerging gain-cell devices accelerates attention in large language models, achieving a 70,000-fold reduction in energy consumption and a 100-fold speed-up.
4852h agoMosquito ears convert inaudible high-frequency sounds into audible lower-frequency sounds through a process of distortion, allowing males to detect female flight tones in noisy environments.
4852h agoTauopathy actively contributes to synaptic degeneration in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis by causing mitochondrial damage and synapse disintegration through a mechanism involving Dendritic Syntaphilin Intrusion.
4852h agoThe Neuroscience Experimental Runtime by Vanderbilt (NERV) unifies experiment design, execution, and data logging, enabling millisecond precision and rapid, no-code prototyping for behavioral neuroscience experiments.
4852h agoImmersive dreaming helps sustain perceived sleep depth as sleep pressure decreases, and perceived sleep depth is more closely linked to the presence of immersive conscious experiences than to reduced cortical activation.
4852h agoThe SENSE-42 dataset provides a collection of physiological, behavioral, and subjective data on computer users' neurocognitive states, specifically their tonic alertness, during simulated desktop interactions.
4852h agoThe own name triggers a self-preferential effect in the brain, characterized by enhanced neural responses, and can be measured using a new EEG frequency-tagging task.
4852h agoReading and speech recognition processing follow a hierarchical organization, with separate pathways for visual and auditory information that converge in higher-order language areas.
4856h agoAstrocytes and neurons respond differently to lysosomal damage, with astrocytes activating more repair pathways to manage damage.
4856h agoA transient imbalance between excitation and inhibition during development permanently reprograms social brain circuits, leading to lifelong impairments in sociability and autism-like symptoms.
4856h agoStress disrupts the normal communication between neurons and astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex, leading to maladaptive stress responses that may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders.
4856h agoThe primary motor cortex uses multiple distinct computations and high-dimensional activity to flexibly control skilled movement by combining different subskills.
4856h agodI3 neurons help maintain motor tone after spinal cord injury and their stimulation combined with a serotonergic agonist improves locomotor function.
4860h agoThe mu-opioids and other medial habenula activators slow down respiration during slow wave sleep and anesthesia by activating the MHb-IPN circuit, which plays a key role in loss of awareness, anesthesia, memory replay, and opioids induced respiratory depression.
4864h agoNeurodegenerative diseases involve interconnected processes between neuronal activity and biological mechanisms of disease, and integrated frameworks that capture these feedback loops are needed to understand and address the diseases.
4864h agoResearchers propose a framework for designing virtual environments to train and study biological neural networks, called neural organoids, to understand learning mechanisms and intelligence.
4864h agoAsymmetric deep recurrent neural networks with sparse excitatory couplings have an exponentially large, dense accessible manifold of internal representations that can be found by simple iterative dynamics.
4864h agoSynaptic plasticity driven by neural activity follows a stochastic process that can be described by a probabilistic framework, which helps determine the dynamics of learning and memory.
4864h agoNet2Brain, a new toolbox, allows comparison of the representational spaces of artificial deep neural networks and human brain recordings, enabling extraction of activations from over 600 neural networks and analysis of their similarity to brain recordings.
4864h agoNeural networks can learn in two different ways, using either incremental weight updates or flexible in-context learning, which together capture a wide range of human learning phenomena.
4864h agoThe brain represents expected uncertainty distributions through "higher-order" representations, which are used to learn about its own noise and are formed through noisy estimation processes that incorporate prior expectations.
4864h agoA non-integrable discrete lattice model exhibits dispersive shock waves and rarefaction waves, which are captured by proposed quasi-continuum models that provide insights into edge features and self-similar solutions.
4864h agoThe Degasperis-Procesi equation and the Novikov equation have intrinsic connections, including a bijective relationship between their pure peakon trajectories and a one-to-one correspondence between their discrete cubic and dual cubic boundary value problems.
4864h agoActive individuals spontaneously self-assemble into a near-critical state, whether in aligned flocks or non-aligned swarms, with emerging velocity fluctuations that are correlated and scale-invariant.
4864h agoSpatial organization can increase the abiotic formation of complex molecules, potentially leading to false positives in life detection approaches based on assembly theory.
4864h agoIntegrating upstream and downstream reciprocity yields a stable mix of unconditional defectors and integrated reciprocators, allowing cooperation to persist in large groups when the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds a threshold.
4864h agoCollisions between ferrodark solitons and anti-ferrodark solitons in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates result in annihilation and formation of a long-lived dissipative breather, or reflection, depending on the type of soliton pair and their velocity.
4864h agoThe Fredkin spin chain lacks local conserved charges, making it a nonintegrable model, and this nonintegrability persists even when some of its Hamiltonian terms are removed.
4864h agoThe $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model and its deformations have a geometric perspective that relates their physical properties to surface geometry.
4864h agoThe concept of gauged Lagrangian 1-forms is introduced, extending Lagrangian 1-forms to gauge theories and yielding a multiform version of the 3d mixed BF action with type A and B defects.
4864h agoThe Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) could transition to a weak state as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase, leading to a boundary crisis where the current AMOC attractor disappears.
4864h agoThe Behavioural Swarms framework provides a comprehensive model of collective behaviour, where each particle's adaptive decision-making and heterogeneous behavioural states co-evolve through nonlocal interactions to produce emergent macroscopic patterns.
4864h agoBethe wavefunctions can be represented as exact and analytical tensor networks with a finite bond dimension, and can also be prepared by adaptive quantum circuits of a certain depth.
4864h agoSelf-propelled agents on a thin viscous film form large-scale density waves that propagate due to Marangoni flow and local aligning interactions, and their behavior changes with increasing Marangoni parameter, eventually leading to disappearance.
4864h agoLocal frozen-in stresses in glasses lead to a low-temperature specific heat with a temperature exponent between one and two through the hybridization of local nonphononic vibrational excitations with waves.
4864h agoThe low-frequency regime of non-phononic vibrational density of states in glasses depends on technical aspects of molecular dynamics simulations, and a class of quasi-localized defect states induced by frozen-in stresses exists.
4864h agoAsymmetric deep recurrent neural networks with sparse excitatory couplings have an exponentially large, dense accessible manifold of internal representations that can be found by simple iterative dynamics.
4864h agoStrain fields in graphene modulate its thermoelectric transport coefficients, affecting its performance in nanoelectronic and energy-harvesting devices.
4864h agoNonreciprocity and network structure profoundly affect percolation properties in random networks, with structured networks having different degree and percolation measures than unstructured ones.
4864h agoGlasses have complex energy landscapes that lead to non-equilibrium aging dynamics, and a new model predicts that weak ergodicity breaking occurs before strong ergodicity breaking when cooling, and identifies a relationship between activation clusters and time-correlation function decay.
4864h agoAn analytic approach provides highly accurate results for the steady-state dynamics of Markov processes on locally tree-like graphs by using time-translation invariant probability distributions for edge trajectories.
4864h agoQuantum fluctuations inherently enhance positional uncertainty at zero temperature, and the interplay between quantum and thermal fluctuations leads to a non-monotonic dependence of positional uncertainty on temperature in a nonlinear potential.
4864h agoSynaptic plasticity driven by neural activity follows a stochastic process that can be described by a probabilistic framework, which helps determine the dynamics of learning and memory.
4864h agoThe brain's criticality can be hidden from traditional data analysis methods, leading to incorrect conclusions that it is not operating near criticality.
4864h agoThe ABCA7 deletion disrupts lipid regulation, causing lipid droplet accumulation, despite normal localization, and may increase Alzheimer's disease risk.
4868h agoPARP1 activation drives amyloid-beta pathology and neurodegeneration by increasing amyloid plaque burden, causing DNA damage, and promoting neuroinflammation.
4868h agoTransposable elements are highly expressed in specific brain cells and regions in Parkinson's disease and this expression correlates with neuroinflammation.
4868h agoMitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress drive early neuronal degeneration in dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), and targeting this process with phenylbutyrate improves neuronal survival.
4872h agoThe GNAO1 E246K mutation disrupts the Go regulatory GTPase cycle by impairing G{beta}{gamma} dissociation, leading to dominant-negative effects on the GTPase regulatory cycle and severe neurogenetic phenotype.
4872h agoDifferent tool features influence motor memories, and distinct modes of tool operation play a critical role in forming and retaining separate internal models during sensorimotor adaptation.
4872h agoInsect larvae, like humans, learn about the relative values of rewards and punishments, rather than their absolute values, when making decisions based on past experiences.
4872h agoLinear unmixing Forster resonance energy transfer (lux-FRET) imaging strategy helps investigate protein-protein interactions and receptor-mediated signaling in live cells with high resolution.
4872h agoStem cell therapy substitutes degenerated motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by using genetically edited stem cells that can differentiate into motor neurons, integrate into host neural circuits, and improve motor function in large animal models.
4872h agoThe local environment drives microglia aging, with region-specific changes caused by signals from neighboring cells, not the cells' own internal programming.
4876h agoErucamide, a fatty acid amide, plays a central role in degenerating retinal tissues and its delivery can stabilize retinal degeneration by activating immune cells and promoting the production of growth factors.
4876h agoIschemic stroke increases the levels of one-carbon metabolism enzymes in brain tissue, with differences observed between males and females.
4876h agoAbnormal brain cell development can trigger inflammation, leading to brain cell death and progressive brain degeneration.
4876h agoMaternal exposure to a commercial mixture of PBDEs causes behavioral and neurochemical deficits in male offspring that resemble core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.
4876h agoEnhancing neural plasticity does not help and may even worsen vision loss in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.
4876h agoThe Proximity Prediction Hypothesis explains that Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) works by using near-field acoustic cues to predict gentle touch on the scalp and neck, which reduces anxiety and improves sleep.
4876h agoObesity causes social recognition memory deficits in mice by making neurons in the hippocampal area CA2 overactive, which disrupts oxytocin signaling and impairs social memory.
4876h agoThe miR-141/200c cluster is regulated by a refined strategy to generate global and tissue-specific knockouts, eliminating residual sequences and allowing for reliable study of its role in disease models.
4876h agoWhite matter bundles can be reliably extracted from lower angular resolution, single-shelled diffusion MRI scans, allowing for broader clinical applications and population-level generalizability.
4876h agoThe sensitisation of DRG neurons to pain is driven by changes in the axonal transcriptome, including the upregulation of Tnfrsf12a (Fn14), a cytokine receptor that, when knocked down, reduces neuronal excitability.
4876h agoHealthy aging impairs activity-dependent synaptic remodeling in frontal cortical circuits, leading to reduced cognitive flexibility, without affecting steady-state spine architecture.
4876h agoMonocular visual disruption alters the speed of impulse transmission from the eye, which induces changes in the brain's binocular neurons and myelin, leading to ocular dominance plasticity.
4876h agoReplacing interstitial material with air enhances X-ray phase contrast of ultrastructural features in brain tissue, allowing for stronger phase-shift signals and improved imaging.
4876h agoIncreased SC-FC coupling in specific brain areas, such as the left precentral sulcus, right middle temporal gyrus, and left anterior insula, distinguishes typical, atypical, and non-lateralised language processing in individuals.
4880h agoWhite matter microstructure is associated with cognitive performance in individuals with different language lateralisation, particularly in those with atypical language dominance.
4880h agoThe brain encodes visual, semantic, semantic, and memorability attributes in a distributed way that integrates multiple interactions from the networks across the ventral temporal, temporal, and the prefrontal cortex to shape perception during recognition and object.
4880h agoThe cerebellum supports reinforcement learning by processing reward and prediction error signals in specific cognitive regions, and this processing is sensitive to delays in feedback.
4880h agoPhosphorylation of Rab7 by the kinase TBK1 ensures the unidirectional transport of pro-survival signalling endosomes from the axon to the soma in neurons.
4884h agoRipple oscillations in the brain promote integrative processing by increasing communication between different brain regions, which supports working memory and helps to recall stored information.
4884h agoDRP1 regulates neuroinflammation by acting as a transcription factor that activates inflammatory cytokines through the NF-kappaB-lipocalin2 axis.
4896h agoPerilipin2 regulates microglial lipid storage and metabolic state, and its loss alleviates lipid accumulation, improves phagocytic function, and alters amyloid beta-induced metabolic reprogramming.
4900h agoInhibitory circuits play a dominant role in sustaining gamma rhythms in the medial entorhinal cortex, and the strength of excitatory input determines the frequency of these oscillations.
4904h agoIndividuals with faster alpha brain rhythms can better segregate visual targets from distractors, but this effect depends on the spatial arrangement of the distractors.
4904h agoSensory compression, the functional compression of high-dimensional sensory information into a low-dimensional representation, enables the brain to support both motor habits and internal timing.
4904h agoMusical training boosts reading and phonological awareness in young readers by improving how their brains process speech and enhancing phonological awareness.
4904h agoNeural population dynamics in the motor cortex exhibit a compositional structure that enables posture-dependent control of reaching movements.
4904h agoNeuronal activity influences multiple stages of RNA metabolism, and RNA stability emerges as a key regulator of gene expression, affecting the abundance of hundreds of transcripts.
4904h agoThe brain's complexity makes it hard to model in cellular systems, but a calcium oscillation assay helps; it shows defined neuron-to-astrocyte ratios affect network firing patterns, and adding inhibitory neurons increases spike frequency.
4904h agoThe dentate gyrus cell types, granule cells and mossy cells, support hippocampal memory formation in context-dependent ways, with mossy cells promoting map stabilization and granule cells promoting flexibility.
4908h agoThe flow of brain activity follows specific, consistent patterns across individuals, which are flexibly combined to support different brain states and functions.
4908h agoSequential working memory is maintained through structured geometric organization in low-dimensional representational space, not through the sequential reactivation of individual items.
4908h agoWNK1 kinase directly controls the stability and positioning of inhibitory GABAA receptors at synapses, regulating GABAergic transmission and neuronal activity.
4908h agoThe subcortical pathway from the pulvinar to the amygdala exists in adolescents and greater connectivity in this pathway is associated with faster visual processing.
4908h agoThe maturity of certain brain networks, particularly the default mode and hippocampal networks, is associated with environmental factors such as adversity, parental education, and social-cognitive abilities, and these effects differ between females and males.
4908h agoLayer 5 extratelencephalic neurons in the auditory cortex develop categorical responses to sensory inputs during learning, allowing the brain to transform diverse sensory inputs into discrete representations that support flexible behavior.
4908h agoA sufficient number of granule cells are required for both motor coordination and motor learning, while a smaller number of Purkinje cells are sufficient for these functions.
4908h agoChronic alcohol use increases CACNA1C expression in the hippocampus across species, and a CACNA1C antagonist reduces ethanol-induced contextual memories.
4908h agoNeurons in the medullary raphe pallidus (RPa) that express vesicular glutamate transporter type3 (vGluT3) coordinate sympathetic and somatic motor outputs to increase body temperature.
4908h agoDopamine modulation plays a key role in brain activity and behavior, and a new mathematical framework can capture network activity in different regimes and transitions by incorporating the effects of dopamine.
4916h agoLithium limits AD pathology.
4920h agoA new neural interface helps people control devices with their minds.
4920h agoVagus block prevents cachexia.
4920h agoNew mothers develop a selective preference for the smell of their infants' urine, which helps guide maternal behaviors and is driven by specific volatile compounds and both olfactory and chemosensory inputs.
4920h agoThe striatum's two compartments, striosome and matrix, have distinct roles in motor and cognitive functions, with striosome-like voxels active during cue anticipation and matrix-like voxels active during motor execution.
4920h agoA new model captures neural computations behind visuomotor adaptation behaviors, which include nonlinear saturation effects and distinct explicit and implicit components.
4920h agoCanonical Representational Mapping (CRM) identifies neural patterns aligned with specific cognitive hypotheses by maximizing correlations between multivariate datasets while controlling for confounding sources of variance.
4924h agoHighly memorable images improve associative memory by enhancing the recall of associated words, especially when the cue image and target word are unrelated.
4924h agoThe brain's internal clock, marked by bursts of alpha oscillations, predicts how people estimate time, but its reliability depends on the experimental context.
4924h agoThe novel tool CARACAS accurately identifies and removes cardiac artifacts from EEG recordings without needing a simultaneously recorded ECG signal.
4924h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation to the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex reduces pain ratings in healthy participants through multidimensional effects on behavioural and neural aspects of pain processing.
4924h agoA novel pipeline using Topological Data Analysis accurately quantifies and characterizes stereotypical motor movements in autism by extracting and analyzing movement patterns from video and sensor data.
4924h agoA computational model with an episodic memory buffer retrieves and integrates past memories based on causal relationships between events, similar to how humans represent events and recall memories.
4928h agoThe magnitude of a stimulus's representation in a neural network predicts its memorability, and this effect is found in images and words but not in voices.
4928h agoLysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) with a palmitoyl group (16:0 LPE) reduces secondary injury and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
4928h agoFabry disease sensory neurons show dysregulation of disease-related pathways, including axon guidance, and have shorter neurite length, which can be partly improved by alpha-galactosidase A enzyme supplementation.
4928h agoThe claustrum plays a key role in stress regulation by integrating GABAergic and glutamatergic microcircuits to facilitate allostasis, and chronic stress disrupts this balance, leading to anxiety and depression-like behaviors.
4928h agoCuriosity helps learning and memory, and it changes with age, with older adults relying more on initial curiosity and less on seeking information driven by surprise.
4928h agoIntracellular calcium signaling regulates excitatory and inhibitory synapses independently, allowing cortical circuits to stabilize activity while keeping variability and flexibility for computation.
4932h agoA biologically inspired place cell architecture develops cognitive maps during exploration of novel environments, allowing a simulated agent to efficiently navigate and adapt to changing reward locations in a single attempt.
4932h agoImbalance in brain excitation and inhibition during a critical period of development leads to social deficits characteristic of autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy.
4932h agoBehavioral state, such as locomotion speed, modifies the sensory tuning of individual neurons in the mouse visual cortex to combine sensory and movement-related signals.
4932h agoAutism risk genes are expressed differently in males and females, with female brains showing higher expression of these genes, and X chromosome genes contribute greatly to autism vulnerability in males.
4932h agoRecurrent inhibition is a key circuit motif that controls the functional states of stress regulatory neurons, allowing for rapid shifts between low-activity and high-activity states in response to stress.
4932h agoThe brain's posterior parietal cortex helps determine the optimal timescale for evaluating evidence, and its neurons adjust their activity based on the strength of evidence and decision time to guide choices.
4932h agoDifferences in chromatin accessibility and specific histone marks underlie age-related differences in myelin repair capacity and vulnerability to injury in human oligodendrocytes.
4932h agoThe developing brain changes from a highly excitable state to a more stable one as it matures, with its sensitivity to disruptions decreasing over time.
4932h agoGrid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex encode reward distance during path integration tasks, and their activity resets at rewards to support goal-directed navigation.
4932h agoNeurons can compensate for dendritic spine loss by enlarging remaining spines and regenerating new ones, which may contribute to cognitive resilience in Alzheimer's disease.
4932h agoCAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene trigger repeat-associated non-AUG translation, generating proteins that contribute to neuronal toxicity and potentially pathogenicity.
4932h agoSensory over-responsivity is associated with higher levels of autistic traits and anxiety symptoms, and lower levels of conduct disorder symptoms, and is linked to distinct patterns of brain connectivity.
4932h agoGephyrin organizes into higher-order complexes through a stable dimeric assembly, which forms the basis for linear and oblique tetramers and linear hexameric arrangements.
4932h agoZolpidem restores NREM sleep, reduces amyloid plaque burden, and improves memory consolidation in young APP/PS1 mice, slowing Alzheimer's progression.
4932h agoNutrient access affects neuron communication in the brain's satiation network by regulating a specific protein called O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which helps control how neurons respond to food and metabolic changes.
4932h agoEndothelial damage in peripheral nerves occurs early in ALS, causing blood-nerve barrier dysfunction, and contributes to neurodegeneration before vascular changes in the central nervous system and motor neuron pathology.
4932h agoA new model called BiND decodes bimanual hand movements from brain recordings more accurately than existing models, achieving an average accuracy of 0.76 for single-handed and 0.69 for two-handed movements.
4936h agoOscillatory neural networks can be successfully implemented in analog-electronic hardware while maintaining their computational performance, but precision differences between analog and digital systems can affect classification accuracy.
4936h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
4936h agoA new geometry-aware deep learning framework balances training accuracy and adversarial robustness by sculpting internal representations of deep neural networks to promote intra-class compactness and inter-class separation.
4936h agoLarge Language Models fundamentally lack working memory, which hinders their ability to retain and manipulate latent information, leading to unreal conversations, self-contradiction, and struggles with mental reasoning tasks.
4936h agoA data-driven framework that uses a multi-layer perceptron to learn macroscopic brain dynamics from simulations of spiking neurons produces more realistic whole-brain models than traditional analytical models.
4936h agoThe Martin-Siggia and Rose approach to statistical turbulence leads to a Bethe-Salpeter equation for the three-point correlation of the velocity field, which can be used to improve existing closures.
4936h agoSparse optimization methods for discovering governing equations of chaotic systems produce models that depend on the measurement procedure but generate virtually identical chaotic attractors.
4936h agoA network of identical Kuramoto oscillators with broken rotational symmetry exhibits multiple collective states, including oscillation death, global synchronization, and multicluster dynamics, which are linked to distinct parameter regimes through bifurcation mechanisms.
4936h agoThe dominant vertices of a Boolean network determine the network's dynamics, and a reduced graph of these vertices has the same attractor structure as the original network.
4936h agoA new control method called uncertainty-aware reservoir predictive path integral control enables fast learning of nonlinear dynamics and improves control performance, reducing control costs by up to 60%.
4936h agoA hybrid quantum-classical reservoir architecture accurately forecasts complex dynamics in fluid systems by combining quantum evolution with classical memory enhancement.
4936h agoThe nature of late-time hydrodynamic tails of autocorrelation functions in classical spin systems is determined by the dynamical critical exponent and equilibrium thermodynamic properties.
4936h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
4936h agoNumerical simulations reveal that ion turbulent transport in tokamak plasmas driven by drift-type turbulence has approximate ergodicity, stationarity, and time-symmetry.
4936h agoA discrete space-time lattice with a local perturbation shows a singular distribution of Lyapunov exponents, with most exponents vanishing and nonzero exponents corresponding to exponentially localized Lyapunov vectors, and exhibits Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling in transport behavior.
4936h agoPheromone feedback between ants and trails can lead to sustained oscillations in the flow of ants in and out of their nest.
4936h agoA framework for characterizing higher-order topological phases uses the one-particle density matrix to directly identify bulk and boundary topology without needing an underlying Hamiltonian.
4936h agoDNA-based networks can be optimized using directed evolution to perform complex computing tasks, such as predicting non-linear time series, and adapt to multiple tasks over time.
4936h agoA hybrid quantum-classical reservoir architecture accurately forecasts complex dynamics in fluid systems by combining quantum evolution with classical memory enhancement.
4936h agoNeuron populations can transmit information through spatial spike patterns, using a sparse coding based on firing rate variance, especially when stimuli are weak.
4936h agoThe Gravity from Entropy approach to quantum gravity leads to the Perona-Malik algorithm for image processing, which preserves sharp contours and complex structures.
4936h agoA new computational method predicts which high entropy oxides can be synthesized by using a machine-learned interatomic potential to identify promising candidates based on their cation energy variance and enthalpy of mixing.
4936h agoIRF8 in microglia plays a major role in controlling anxiety in a sex-dependent manner, with its deficiency leading to increased anxiety in female mice due to redox dysregulation and higher production of reactive oxygen species.
4936h agoNMUR2, a receptor for Neuromedin S, plays an essential role in regulating sleep patterns and responding to sleep and circadian challenges in mice.
4936h agoA new deep learning framework called PRIME predicts cortical excitability from raw EEG signals, enabling personalized and adaptive transcranial magnetic stimulation across any cortical region.
4936h agoMutations in the WDR45 gene lead to dysfunctional microglia that contribute to beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) through a chronic pro-inflammatory state.
4936h agoThe neural mechanisms of adolescent substance use change over time, with brain-behavior connections becoming more accurately predictive of substance use vulnerabilities at follow-up than at baseline.
4936h agoThe brain uses different neural mechanisms to make economic decisions based on the type of choice, with commodity-based choices relying on attractor dynamics and order-based choices relying on rotational dynamics.
4936h agoThe extended amygdala's two subdivisions, the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, respond to different types of threat, with the central nucleus responding to uncertain threat and the bed nucleus responding to certain threat.
4936h agoDamage to newly generated oligodendrocytes impairs sustained attention, and myelin plasticity in adulthood may contribute to attention and complex task performance.
4936h agoThe characteristics of DIANA signals are likely caused by pseudo-steady state (PSS) oscillations, suggesting that DIANA signals may not represent neuronal responses to sensory stimulation.
4936h agoReducing Connexin43 expression in astrocytes of the dorsal vagal complex does not change the metabolic phenotype in mice, despite its high expression and previous evidence linking it to energy balance regulation.
4936h agoOptimizing CBV VASO on a high-performance scanner allows mapping layer function in the hippocampus with high accuracy, revealing layer-specific differences and brain circuitry between subcortical and cortical regions.
4936h agoBiophysical simulations with different geometries, field offset calculations, and water diffusion implementations produce similar results when assuming a small intravascular signal contribution, but two commonly used approaches are notably biased.
4936h agoPMP22, a protein linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, interacts with various proteins, including those involved in cell adhesion and myelin production, and enzymes that help make sphingolipids.
4936h agoThe prenatal chemosensory systems of the water vole mature remarkably early, with the main olfactory bulb showing adult-like organization and the vomeronasal system undergoing conspicuous structural differentiation by embryonic day 21.
4936h agoProximity of the entorhinal cortex to the tentorial incisura and other skull base structures may trigger tau pathology, increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease progression.
4936h agoThe parabrachial nucleus (PbN) processes not just taste but also integrates gustatory, olfactory, and somatosensory information, with its population responses to foods and tastes shaped by the motor patterns required for ingestion.
4936h agoPrenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress reduces social behavior in offspring by altering brain chemistry, specifically by changing the expression of a receptor for vasopressin, a hormone involved in social behavior regulation.
4936h agoAfterimages engage overlapping brain activity with perceptually matching images, particularly in visual sensory regions, but with weaker signals in many areas and enhanced activity in salience network regions.
4936h agoTexture-like representations, which are global summaries of local image statistics, mainly explain the similarity between deep neural networks and human visual processing.
4936h agoMice rely on temporal cues to perceive pitch because their auditory system processes sound in a way that prioritizes timing over other sound features.
4940h agoGalectin-9 acts as a checkpoint molecule that regulates the proliferation of neural stem cells under physiological conditions and during recovery after ischemic stroke.
4940h agoSynaptic transmission and light scattering spread activation beyond the illuminated area during optogenetic stimulation, but neuronal morphology helps sharpen activation by limiting the impact of light dispersion.
4944h agoTask engagement aligns population activity in the orbitofrontal cortex along a confidence axis, enabling the use of decision confidence to guide behavior.
4944h agoThe dorsal hippocampus, specifically the dentate gyrus and CA3 regions, plays a critical role in retrieving indirectly learned associations through second-order conditioning.
4948h agoChildren with Autism Spectrum Disorder have diminished eye movement responses and greater variability when reacting to predictable visual cues, similar to previously observed impaired brain entrainment.
4952h agoAstrocytes can internalize and degrade misfolded alpha-synuclein aggregates, and their ability to do so helps mitigate the spread of these aggregates between neurons, which contributes to Parkinson's Disease progression.
4952h agoThe common marmoset provides a useful animal model for studying myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain, with injected nerve growth factor causing reduced pain thresholds and changes in daily rhythms.
4952h agoNeurons in the deep layers of the lateral entorhinal cortex are likely where object-place associations are formed and updated when the environment changes.
4956h agoMental imagery and vision share similar brain activity patterns, but imagery patterns have fewer active dimensions and are reoriented, occupying a distinct subspace within the brain's overall activity space.
4956h agoNeurons exhibit frequency-specific firing, with 27% showing increased or decreased firing at specific oscillatory frequencies, mainly in the low-theta range.
4956h agoFetal brain controllability follows a U-shaped developmental curve during the perinatal period, with a minimum at approximately 35 gestational weeks, and is disrupted by preterm birth.
4956h agoSimilar memories are formed when people share similar brain activity patterns in the Default Mode Network during an event, and this similarity in brain activity predicts similar recall of the event.
4956h agoGenetic factors are linked to most variations in white matter microstructure, and glial cell-related genes play a role in age-related changes in the brain's structural wiring.
4956h agoThe motor system coordinates bimanual reaching movements by balancing the need for coordination with flexibility to adapt to different load conditions, and temporal synchronization between hands depends on the type and symmetry of loads.
4956h agoMulti-echo pipelines generally outperform single-echo pipelines in denoising efficacy for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, but no single pipeline is optimal for both denoising and behavioral prediction.
4956h agoTemporal normalization explains why perception is limited across time, as it causes contrast-dependent suppression between sequential stimuli, decreasing perceptual sensitivity to a target's orientation.
4956h agoPeople with tinnitus and those without it show differences in auditory steady state response amplitude, which may be due to changes in neural synchronisation, attention, and brain chemistry.
4956h agoTraining with a delayed feedback paradigm that induces retention of a novel myoelectric skill allows for transfer of that skill to prosthesis control.
4956h agoA data-driven framework using a multi-layer perceptron can learn macroscopic brain dynamics from simulations of spiking neurons, producing more realistic whole-brain models than current analytical models.
4960h agoA Mamba-based model effectively analyzes EEG data for neurological disorder diagnosis, achieving an AUROC of 0.72 in detecting seizures.
4960h agoA streaming test-time adaptation method combining entropy minimization with batch-norm statistic refresh improves sleep staging models on patients with unseen physiology or recording conditions.
4960h agoThird- and higher-order cyclic correlations in synaptic connectivities greatly impact neuronal dynamics by suppressing chaotic activity and promoting oscillatory or fixed activity.
4960h agoHuman cognition is shaped by the environments in which it unfolds, and learning and decision making can be explained as a principled adaptation to the statistical structure of real-world tasks.
4960h agoThe receptive field shapes in the primary visual cortex expand over the degrees of freedom of geometric image transformations to enable a formal matching between responses computed under different viewing conditions.
4960h agoA balance between maximizing utility and minimizing resource use is achieved through a phase transition in inference, where a strategic trade-off between information gain and task performance leads to effective but resource-efficient control under uncertainty.
4960h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and the type of neuron activation function used.
4960h agoForgetting at a certain rate allows a walker to learn and localize around a resource site faster, without compromising learning, by saving memory.
4960h agoEach integrable evolution equation of the KdV type has a collection of miscellaneous continuous, semi-discrete, and discrete integrable systems associated with it.
4960h agoThe pH oscillations in the urea-urease reaction within giant lipid vesicles are caused by an underlying biochemical asymmetry in the differential transport across the vesicle membrane.
4960h agoRotating black holes surrounded by dark matter can scramble information as efficiently as physical laws allow when dark matter concentration is high.
4960h agoThe long-time asymptotics of small Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II (KPII) solutions are derived from the inverse scattering theory and the stationary phase method.
4960h agoQuantum correlations, measured by global quantum discord and quantum Fisher information, interact with a single mode Fock field in a multi two-level system that includes Kerr-like non-linearity effects, parametric amplification, and intrinsic decoherence.
4960h agoQ-ball--anti-Q-ball collisions reveal chaotic behaviour in the thin-wall regime due to resonant energy transfer triggered by internal modes and ephemeral states.
4960h agoThe multiplex structure of networks amplifies or suppresses co-circulating infections, and specific conditions drive persistent epidemic patterns depending on pathogen virulence, diffusion rates, and cross-diffusion.
4960h agoControl theory provides a unifying framework for understanding how biological systems regulate their dynamics to maintain stability across different length and time scales.
4960h agoLarger oligomers improve the resilience of a gene autoregulating feedback loop by preserving the equilibrium concentration of transcription factors despite noise.
4960h agoControlling laser-induced pattern formation is challenging, but researchers have now found that competing feedback mechanisms drive distinct chemical and ablative processes, allowing for selective activation and suppression of different patterns by tuning laser parameters.
4960h agoThe global variant of a four-dimensional gauge theory determines its spectrum of Wilson-'t Hooft line operators, which in turn affects the structure of gapped vacua, symmetries, and modular invariance when spacetime is compactified.
4960h agoThe most efficient strategy for agents in the parallel Minority Game is to have a memory of their last visit to their alternative choice.
4960h agoDynamic quantum circuits can generate states that depend on previous measurement results, and a new optical reset model allows for more flexibility in constructing these circuits on optical platforms.
4960h agoRydberg atoms in a fractal lattice exhibit phases where spins flip one-by-one, and the theoretical results match experiments performed with single atoms trapped by optical tweezers.
4960h agoQuasiperiodic systems with correlated hopping exhibit reentrant localization transitions, where previously localized electronic states become delocalized again within a specific parameter window due to the interplay between quasiperiodic on-site disorder and correlated hopping.
4960h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and the type of neuron activation function used.
4960h agoLarge overparametrized machine learning models exhibit a separation of timescales in their training dynamics, leading to the emergence of a slow timescale, inductive bias towards small complexity, and a decoupling between feature learning and overfitting regimes.
4960h agoPhysics-inspired algorithms, including coherent Ising machines and Hopfield neural networks, are effective in solving combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging nonlinear dynamics.
4960h agoThird- and higher-order cyclic correlations in synaptic connectivities greatly impact neuronal dynamics by suppressing chaotic activity and promoting oscillatory or fixed activity.
4960h agoParticles in a system respond differently to temperature changes and compression, with rapid temperature equalization but slow structural changes, especially in glassy states.
4960h agoGeometric entanglement of nonconvex granular particles forms a network structure that undergoes a percolation transition when the number of links exceeds a critical threshold.
4960h agoPlasmid persistence in microbial communities can arise from the heterogeneity present in large and diverse communities, allowing plasmids to be maintained indefinitely even in the absence of positive selection.
4960h agoThe brain adapts movements to achieve motor goals by recalibrating internal representations of the body and tools, even in realistic 3D environments with immersive virtual reality and hand-held tools.
4960h agoA model of parallel belief states guides exploration and exploitation of feature-based attention during learning by tracking the relevance of multiple visual features.
4960h agoAdolescent stress impairs sociability, social memory, and object recognition memory, and reduces parvalbumin-expressing interneurons and perineuronal nets in adulthood, but minocycline treatment during or after stress exposure prevents these changes.
4960h agoSomatostatin released by O-LM interneurons inhibits pyramidal neuron excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission, and modulates intrinsic excitability and synaptic potentiation in pyramidal neurons.
4960h agoBacterial polysaccharides, especially peptidoglycan from gram-positive bacteria, activate a sensory neuron in nematode worms, which in turn induces feeding-related behaviors.
4960h agoPV and FoxP2 neurons in the external globus pallidus regulate the flow of sensorimotor information within the basal ganglia during perceptual decision-making by encoding visual stimuli, movement, and trial outcomes in distinct ways.
4960h agoBrain regions, particularly the vmPFC and mid-posterior insula, encode emotional facial expressions in terms of both discrete emotion categories and underlying affective dimensions such as arousal and valence.
4960h agoA rapid, heterosynaptic plasticity rule allows neural networks to quickly adapt to changing environments and tasks by using interactions between pre-synaptic activity and instructive signals.
4960h agoMice can learn to directly control a miniature prosthetic forelimb with their brains and use it to solve tasks in 2D and 3D space.
4960h agoGABAergic neurons in the inferior colliculus mainly project to the medial division of the medial geniculate body and contralateral inferior colliculus, and they constitute a larger proportion of neurons projecting to these areas than their overall proportion in the inferior colliculus.
4960h agoPlace cells in humans and rats have different properties, with rodent place cells showing a broader range of spatial tuning and human place cells being less strongly tuned.
4960h agoEfficient coding recovers key features of early olfactory processing by maximizing mutual information one layer at a time, under realistic biophysical assumptions.
4960h agoThe 5-HT3A receptor regulates the balance between behavioral persistence and flexibility, with its normal function biasing this balance toward persistence.
4960h agoEpidural stimulation of the spinal cord evokes distinct electrophysiological responses, including compound action potentials, doublets, synaptic activity potentials, and electromyographic signals, with different physiological origins.
4960h agoMicroglia show distinct gene expression changes based on their location in relation to plaques in Alzheimer's disease, with specific genes upregulated only in microglia directly contacting plaques.
4960h agoCo-expressing GAD65 in glutamatergic subthalamic neurons to release both GABA and glutamate helps restore balance to motor control and reduces abnormal movements in Parkinson's disease model rats.
4964h agoThe Brain/MINDS population-based 3D digital brain atlas version 2.0 provides a comprehensive whole-brain parcellation of 636 regions, integrating data from multiple brains and imaging modalities to support cross-modal registration, data integration, and comparative neuroscience.
4964h agoIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients selectively avoid thinking about bloating-related stimuli, and anxiety worsens this avoidance, which is a unique pattern different from anxiety-related thinking.
4968h agoIncreased variability in brain connections between the default-mode network, cerebellum, and dorsal attention network is associated with higher rumination in adolescents.
4968h agoMotor representations in the brain become more differentiated with learning, but object representations remain stable, even when their temporal order is learned.
4968h agoAUTOTAC, a new therapeutic approach, selectively degrades misfolded TDP-43 protein aggregates, a hallmark of ALS, and shows disease-modifying efficacy in ALS model mice.
4968h agoA commercially available anti-Iba1 antibody made in goat produces irregular staining patterns in specific regions of the mouse brain, labeling more cells than expected and colocalizing with vasopressin neurons, whereas anti-Iba1 antibodies made in other species do not show these errors.
4972h agoMitochondrial DNA damage in astrocytes disrupts their function, leading to loss of dopamine-producing neurons and worsening of Parkinson's disease symptoms.
4972h agoA subtype of dopamine neurons undergo a transient axon overgrowth followed by selective pruning during metamorphosis, which is controlled by neuron-intrinsic AKT-GSK3β signaling and extrinsic glial activity.
4972h agoAged brains show altered organization and molecular identity of memory traces, with changes in engram allocation, reactivation stability, and gene expression patterns during memory retrieval.
4972h agoSignaling molecules and transcription factors establish and maintain neural cell identities during neurogenesis by acting in a coordinated and multi-step regulatory program.
4972h agoAmyloid beta and LPS trigger distinct transcriptional responses in microglia, with amyloid beta inducing disease-associated gene expression changes and LPS causing broad inflammatory activation and cell death.
4972h agoIncreased functional connection between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the default mode network is associated with age-related decline in cognitive control, particularly in people aged 30 and older.
4976h agoOligodendrocytes use a specific protein complex called AP2 to form and maintain myelin sheaths around nerve cells, and problems with this complex can lead to abnormal myelin growth and structure.
4976h agoEnriched experience reorganizes cortical circuits into a symmetric network with balanced inhibition, which improves coding efficiency and supports categorical knowledge.
4976h agoCaMKII mRNA localizes to dendritic spines, where it is translated on-site, to maintain long-lasting synaptic plasticity by supplying a steady pool of CaMKII.
4976h agoThe congruency sequence effect emerges in behavior and brain activity when responses repeat, and is driven by theta-band activity between 450-550ms post stimulus onset.
4976h agoPeople with developmental dyslexia do not adjust their brain's tracking of speech rhythms in response to less clear speech, and this is linked to their phonological awareness and reading performance.
4976h agoLarge artery dilatation directly contributes to Alzheimer's disease progression by accelerating amyloid plaque formation, neuronal loss, and impaired protein clearance.
4976h agoM6A modification regulates RNA transport and local translation in axons of developing sympathetic neurons, controlling protein expression and preventing premature translation.
4976h agoRestoring TDP-43 function with a brain-permeable gene therapy approach rescues neuron loss, memory deficits, and abnormal neuronal activity in a model of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
4980h agoHuman cognition reflects adaptive alignment to the statistical structure of everyday problems, as shown by a new computational framework called Ecologically Rational Meta-learned Inference (ERMI) that captures human behavior across 15 experiments on learning and decision making.
4984h agoLSTM neural networks accurately distinguish healthy from disordered sleep 93.3% of the time, and up to 95% with fusion techniques, using EEG recordings.
4984h agoThe study compares and contrasts three theories of consciousness - Integrated Information Theory, Neurorepresentationalism, and Active Inference - to assess their similarities, differences, and predictive power.
4984h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function indicates conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
4984h agoThe retina's processing of natural stimuli remains poorly understood due to model complexity issues, but new approaches such as task-based reductionism and biologically constrained models may help overcome these limitations.
4984h agoRecent advances in computational techniques have enabled individualized optimization of transcranial electrical stimulation by allowing for dynamic and subject-specific stimulation planning.
4984h agoEye movements during visual exploration tasks can be used to automatically screen for Parkinson's Disease, with a combination of gaze-based features and machine learning achieving a high accuracy of 0.95.
4984h agoDeep Cluster Atlas (DCA) generates individualized brain maps that improve analysis of brain imaging data by creating functionally coherent and spatially contiguous regions.
4984h agoThe neural response to visual motion depends on contrast and context, and adapts to match the integration time to the mean interval between spikes, reducing redundancy.
4984h agoThe receptive field shapes of simple cells in the primary visual cortex are covariant under geometric image transformations, meaning their shapes are expanded over the degrees of freedom of the corresponding image transformations.
4984h agoDeep learning methods, specifically EEGNet, improve deception detection accuracy to 86.67% in electroencephalogram-based concealed information tests, especially when stimulus familiarity is high.
4984h agoArtificial neural networks function as adaptive systems where training is driven by the coupling of strongly activated, task-specific neurons, leading to a balance of neuronal contributions that enables generalization capacity.
4984h agoPyNoetic, a modular BCI framework, enables researchers to design and develop brain-computer interfaces with an intuitive GUI, minimal programming experience, and adaptability at each design stage, covering the entire BCI design pipeline from stimulus presentation to simulation and visualization.
4984h agoA new method that uses inertial measurement unit data to identify motion-related artifacts in EEG signals improves the robustness of brain-computer interfaces under diverse motion scenarios.
4984h agoForgetting can help a walker learn and reach a steady state position faster, as long as it forgets at a rate slower than or equal to 1 over time, but faster forgetting leads to intermittent localization and diffusion.
4984h agoThe basal ganglia play a central role in organizing neural activity by synchronizing oscillations and synchrony between the cortex, thalamus, and other brain areas to facilitate contextually appropriate functional connections.
4984h agoNet2Brain, a new toolbox, allows comparison of representational spaces of artificial deep neural networks and human brain recordings, enabling extraction of activations from over 600 DNNs and analysis of their similarity to brain recordings.
4984h agoA MultiAxial network accurately segments whole-head MRIs, including those with abnormal anatomy, achieving a test-set Dice score of 0.88.
4984h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy results in lightweight spiking Transformer models that are smaller and less computationally intensive while maintaining competitive performance.
4984h agoCarefully selecting design parameters, such as pumping rates and well locations, is crucial for enhancing mixing between two species using engineered injection and extraction systems that create chaotic advection.
4984h agoA reservoir computer with a low-dimensional read-out can learn to predict time-series by configuring a high number of oscillators into a few populations.
4984h agoMachine learning methods can classify fractal points with higher predictive accuracy and lower computational cost than traditional numerical approaches.
4984h agoThe solution to a Riemann-Hilbert problem constructs soliton solutions to a fifth-order nonlinear partial differential equation, which yields soliton solutions to the Sawada-Kotera equation under certain restrictions.
4984h agoClimate variability in Imphal, India shows a positive increase in maximum temperature over 73 years, and a new hybrid model effectively reproduces the observed dynamics of this temperature variability.
4984h agoActive matter systems can efficiently process information and change their computation method in response to different driving forces, making them well-suited for reservoir computing.
4984h agoIncluding global-range interactions allows Bethe Ansatz solutions to be applied to quantum systems beyond one-dimensional models.
4984h agoThe nonlinear Schrödinger equation on a three-edge star graph with linear localized inhomogeneities exhibits a symmetry-breaking bifurcation in a symmetric family of solutions, which is of the transcritical type and occurs at a precisely estimated bifurcation point.
4984h agoActive agents with time-delayed interactions can form stable patterns under certain conditions, which depend on factors such as inertia, time delays, and inter-agent coupling.
4984h agoThe amplitude of the neural response function indicates conscious state, with strong and widespread responsiveness during wakefulness, suppressed responsiveness during anesthesia, and elevated responsiveness during recovery.
4984h agoThe broad smoothing filter with saturable gain helps regulate the pulses' operating wavelength in a mode-locked laser by shifting the effective gain center based on pulse energy.
4984h agoChemical reactions can be designed to perform computations by combining a computational process with its execution environment, allowing the system to adapt to fluctuations and exhibit quantum-like coherence.
4984h agoKdV integrals serve as valuable indicators for detecting instabilities in Black Hole Quasi-Normal Modes and Greybody Factors.
4984h agoCombining dynamical systems theory and remote sensing techniques helps emergency services manage oil spills in real-time.
4984h agoThe multi-particle Calogero model can be extended to have infinite Weyl group symmetry of affine and hyperbolic type using infinite root systems generated from Coxeter orbits.
4984h agoCompressed elastic strips with modulated height alternate between predictable quasi-periodic and periodic buckling modes due to frequency lock-in.
4984h agoThe Kramers-Wannier duality concept is extended to a broad class of quantum lattice models, providing explicit expressions for the Kramers-Wannier operators.
4984h agoThe quantum hard-rods model shows Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior, with calculations revealing universal features of low energy physics of gapless quantum fluid.
4984h agoBoolForge is a Python toolbox that generates and analyzes Boolean networks with specified properties, including canalization, to help study complex biological processes.
4984h agoA system's stability requires only brief periods of returning to its original state within each cycle to achieve dynamic stability when its parameters vary over time.
4984h agoThe Dbar method is developed to study discrete integrable equations, providing a connection between this method and the direct linearization approach for lattice Korteweg-de Vries type equations.
4984h agoA data-driven method accurately reproduces the statistical properties and temporal correlations of cyclo-stationary time series, enabling efficient generation of synthetic trajectories.
4984h agoNoise acts as a control that steers stochastic systems along their most probable trajectories, which minimizes an action functional and corresponds to an optimal control strategy.
4984h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space $H^2$.
4984h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress changes with temperature, with fracture stress, strain, and Young modulus decreasing almost linearly as temperature increases.
4984h agoAn electrical all-bands-flat lattice is constructed, and compact localized states are generated within it, with experimental results matching tight-binding predictions.
4984h agoA new algorithm called generalized simulated bifurcation can solve large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with almost 100% success probability by harnessing the edge of chaos, shortening the time to solution to 10 milliseconds.
4984h agoArtificial neural networks function as adaptive systems where training is driven by the coupling of strongly activated, task-specific neurons, leading to a balance of neuronal contributions that enables generalization capacity.
4984h agoPhysical networks made of nanoscale components can harness nonlinear dynamics for learning, offering a promising route to energy-efficient, brain-like intelligence in resource-constrained environments.
4984h agoStudying a neural network's phase diagram provides intuition about the optimal choice of hyperparameters for stochastic gradient descent.
4984h agoGeometric entanglement causes nonconvex granular particles to form solid-like structures, and a percolation transition occurs in these entangled particles when the number of links exceeds a critical threshold.
4984h agoMachine learning models that include physical concepts like short range order and crystal structure class, and dopant properties, better predict thermoelectric material properties, especially doping effects.
4984h agoAdaptive systems evolve toward a marginally absorbing manifold that encodes memory of past conditions, enabling them to learn and retain memory under environmental change.
4984h agoIncreasing transmission capacity is needed to nearly eliminate vehicle operational CO2 emissions through electrification as renewable energy replaces nonrenewable sources.
4984h agoPlasmid persistence in microbial communities can arise from the heterogeneity present in large and diverse communities, allowing plasmids to be maintained indefinitely even in the absence of positive selection.
4984h agoA quantum system relaxes more rapidly through a two-step evolution protocol than through direct evolution under a symmetric Hamiltonian alone, with a transient asymmetric evolution significantly accelerating thermalization or convergence to the ground state.
4984h agoA model that uses neural networks to incorporate node covariate variables improves the recovery of initial states and spreading trajectories in stochastic processes on graphs.
4984h agoThe dynamics of the one-dimensional XY model with random magnetic field and sparse ZZ terms shows Lieb-Robinson bounds with a logarithmic lightcone and amplitude proportional to the inverse of the ZZ coupling constant.
4984h agoThe study links p-adic numbers and kernels through a large deviation theory for mean-field spin glasses, and interprets the Derrida's Generalized Random Energy Model as a random numerical base.
4984h agoThe Topological Breakdown Model explains the metastable domain patterns in potassium-tantalate-niobate crystals near the cubic-to-tetragonal structural phase transition through competition between domain-domain interactions and polarization-charge screening.
4984h agoThe asymptotic behavior of Gibbs measure in mean-field vector spin glasses is described by a critical point of an explicit functional, with different types of spins showing corresponding replica-symmetry-breaking structures.
4984h agoThe free energy of systems with many interacting stochastic constituents can be computed using Feynman diagrams, which helps to organize perturbative series terms and can be applied to a wide range of problems.
4984h agoBond percolation on the Song-Havlin-Makse network remains in a nonpercolating phase for all probabilities less than 1 when the network is fractal, but exhibits a critical phase for all probabilities when the network is small-world.
4984h agoRandom fluctuations in material parameters can suppress wave propagation and induce localization in time-varying media.
4984h agoTopological edge states emerge in one-dimensional off-diagonal mosaic lattices with periodically modulated nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes, and they remain robust under off-diagonal disorder.
4984h agoLeptin signaling deficiency contributes to age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology, including metabolic dysfunction, memory impairments, and abnormal protein buildup.
4988h agoSpiking recurrent neural networks with biologically grounded features, specifically Dale's law and voltage-dependent synaptic reversal potentials, are more accurate and energy-efficient, cutting spike energy by up to 4x while increasing task accuracy.
4992h agoGSDME acts as a switch linking calcium release to astrocyte-driven neurotoxicity, leading to astrocytes changing from protective to toxic states and propagating toxicity through exosomes.
4992h agoTau protein aggregates are present in specific brain regions of Parkinson's disease patients, including small aggregates not detectable by standard methods, and may contribute to striatal dysfunction.
4992h agoTDP-43 pathology causes cryptic splicing and downregulation of genes critical for membrane excitability and synaptic function, leading to impaired neuronal function in neurodegenerative diseases.
4992h agoSodium ions have opposing effects on mu and kappa-opioid receptors, acting as a negative modulator on mu receptors and a negative modulator of binding but positive modulator of conformational transitions and signaling on kappa receptors.
4992h agoDifferent versions of the neurexin1 gene have varying effects on behavior when expressed in C. elegans, with some partially rescuing behavioral defects and others inducing new phenotypes.
4992h agoMutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome, and researchers have identified a set of proteins in the brain that can serve as biomarkers to monitor disease progression and response to therapy.
4992h agoSixty minutes of cycling causes a change in brain network dynamics, reducing synchronization between the striatum and frontoparietal networks.
4996h agoLarval zebrafish have distinct deep and light sleep sub-states that are regulated by different brain chemicals and respond differently to sleep deprivation and arousing stimuli.
4996h agoAperiodic features of EEG power spectra outperform oscillatory features in tracking vigilance as a continuous variable, showing a stronger and more linear relationship with objective and subjective indices of vigilance.
4996h agoPremature birth disrupts normal brain development, causing lasting differences in the growth, structure, and function of the cerebellum, a part of the brain that controls coordination and balance.
4996h agoMutations in the Glucocerebrosidase gene impair lysosomal function, leading to mitochondrial problems and increased risk of Parkinson's disease.
5000h agoElectrical stimulation elicits excitatory, inhibitory, and mixed responses in human cortical microcircuits, with response magnitude depending on stimulation parameters and decaying with distance.
5000h agoEarly life stress changes how animals handle threats later in life by shifting their coping strategies from passive to active, and resilient animals have a more diverse and flexible behavioral response to stress.
5000h agoNeurons do not change the length of a key structure called the axon initial segment in response to changes in activity levels.
5004h agoThe human brain develops its functional architecture in three stages - child-like, transitional, and adult-like configurations - at different rates for different frequency bands, and individual traits like IQ and social anxiety influence this developmental pace.
5004h agoThe dorsomedial prefrontal cortex builds and sustains an abstract representational bridge that links planning to action, enabling the translation of plans into concrete action sequences.
5004h agoEthnicity and race characteristics shape the brain's functional connections in a hierarchical pattern along the sensorimotor-association axis, and these differences are linked to lifestyle factors and gene expression patterns.
5004h agoHierarchical Bayesian models accurately estimate interoceptive sensitivity, bias, and precision in cardiac and respiratory domains, allowing for efficient analysis with limited data.
5004h agoDigital Twin for Chemical Science (DTCS) connects theory with spectroscopic measurements, enabling the interpretation of spectra and supporting real-time decision-making in chemical characterization through a bidirectional feedback loop.
5008h agoThe brain's activity shows an anti-correlated structure across global and local scales, with regions in the dorsal attention network aligned between local and global state transitions, allowing the brain to maintain internal representations while responding to environmental changes.
5008h agoThe brain pre-activates predicted sensory information before it happens, and actively generated stimuli elicit stronger brain responses than passively presented ones, supporting the opposing processes theory.
5008h agoHuman brain development is longer and more complex than in other mammals because human brain cells have lower rates of fatty acid oxidation, which slows down their development.
5008h agoPain-related neural patterns interact with anesthesia-related patterns, and pain responses under anesthesia depend on the anesthesia phase.
5008h agodI3 neurons play a key role in comparing internal predictions and external sensory feedback to make rapid corrections to ongoing movements.
5008h agoInhibiting stearoyl-CoA desaturase improves fatty acid balance and recovers dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, offering a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease.
5008h agoStandard motion correction methods are adequate for processing high temporal resolution functional Positron Emission Tomography data, and new techniques do not substantially improve mitigation of motion artefacts.
5008h agoThe brain modifies its representations of events when experiences are repeated, with some areas maintaining stable event structures and others changing to become more or less detailed.
5008h agoEmotions in dreams are fluid and fast-changing, with positive and negative emotions often occurring in quick succession, and positive emotions tend to emerge earlier than negative ones.
5008h agoIndividuals with treatment-resistant depression have disrupted white matter microstructure and altered structural connectivity in specific brain circuits that control motivation, reward, and emotional regulation.
5012h agoA reversible generative adversarial network generates synthetic diffusion tensor imaging scalar maps from structural brain MRI, allowing for a single-step translation and offering competitive accuracy in sex classification and Alzheimer's disease classification.
5012h agoElevated brain iron levels are present in Alzheimer's disease, as shown by higher magnetic susceptibility values in the globus pallidus and dentate nucleus in people with Alzheimer's compared to healthy controls.
5012h agoNeurons with high predictive power in decoding visual stimuli form a dense and strong network, and their activity and connections differ between when they are processing a visual stimulus and when they are not.
5012h agoFacial age estimation by humans and artificial intelligence is imprecise due to a critical shortcoming in current methods, which can be improved with a novel measure that eliminates response bias.
5012h agoScientists generate human sensory neurons from stem cells that mimic native neurons and respond to itch-promoting signals, allowing for potential new approaches to model and treat itchy skin diseases.
5012h agoEstrogen and biological sex are risk factors for sleep disorders, with estrogen suppressing sleep in females by increasing adenosine, and astrocytes in the brain have sex-dependent effects on sleep and sleep drive.
5016h agoMice rapidly learn to track odor trails by combining immediate sensory information with a short-term memory of the trail geometry and statistics.
5016h agoSynthetic brain MRI data generated using a Diffusion Transformer model shows high fidelity and anatomical coherence, and can enhance model performance in dementia classification tasks.
5016h agoDeep learning models that combine MRI with demographic, clinical, and genetic data can classify six co-occurring neuropathologies in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
5016h agoAccurate and consistent probe placement is crucial in fNIRS and EEG experiments; a new software, NeuroNavigatAR (NNAR), uses augmented reality and machine-learning to guide consistent headgear placement by estimating and displaying a subject's cranial and head landmarks in real-time, achieving a median position error of 1.52 cm.
5020h agoExogenous attention enhances contrast sensitivity for low to mid-range spatial frequencies within the foveola, but does not benefit higher spatial frequencies.
5020h agoTrpc4 interneurons in the spinal cord play a critical role in coordinating bladder-sphincter activity, regulating micturition reflexes, and gating visceral pain.
5020h agoSpiral ganglion neuron subtype Ia has larger post-synaptic densities and is more resilient to noise and aging than subtypes Ib and Ic.
5020h agoSimple Hebbian plasticity allows feed-forward neural networks to learn and propagate nonlinear coordinate systems, such as circular and toroidal manifolds, which are commonly found in neural systems across different species.
5020h agoDisgust propensity, but not disgust sensitivity, modulates neural responses to disgust-eliciting stimuli in specific brain regions, including the insula, caudate, and hippocampus.
5020h agoThe integrity of the locus coeruleus (LC) is linked to delayed memory and lower brain activity during encoding, and people with memory impairments have reduced LC integrity.
5020h agoNewly generated neurons in the killifish brain functionally integrate into existing circuits after traumatic brain injury, allowing for functional behavioral recovery.
5020h agoProgressive atrophy in semantic dementia disrupts the dynamic separation of language networks involved in semantic processing, phonological processing, and speech production, leading to distinct language impairments.
5028h agoDevelopmental vitamin A deficiency causes sex-specific alterations in reward processing in adulthood, leading to hyperactivity of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway and related behavioral changes.
5028h agoFragile X syndrome is caused by changes in a protein that normally helps regulate cell growth and development, leading to increased cell proliferation and abnormal brain cell development.
5028h agoThe brain continues to predict and monitor relevant inputs even when a person disengages from the external environment and their mind wanders.
5028h agoThe visual system organizes objects in a hierarchical structure based on statistical patterns of visual information, and a similar structure is also present in a self-supervised deep neural network.
5028h agoInheritance of enhanced ability to learn complex tasks occurs in the mammalian brain, enabling offspring of trained rodents to be born with biophysical modifications that make them super-learners.
5028h agoContinuous experiences are represented in memory as a subset of key moments that capture the underlying narrative.
5028h agoMutations in IGHMBP2 cause spinal muscular atrophy and Charcot Marie Tooth disease, and mice with the IGHMBP2-R604X mutation develop severe symptoms, including short lifespan, respiratory problems, and impaired suckling.
5028h agoSynaptic delays, local excitation, and long-range inhibition in networks of integrate-and-fire neurons give rise to different patterns of macroscopic activity, including uniform oscillations, localized areas of sustained activity, and complex spatiotemporal dynamics.
5032h agoA homeostatic model that adjusts connection weights and rewires directed connections produces both heavy-tailed distributions of connection weights and complex network structures.
5032h agoThe Dirac equation, a fundamental concept in relativistic quantum mechanics, may emerge from a stochastic master equation, suggesting a link between quantum mechanics and brain dynamics.
5032h agoFlashing fireflies and chirping crickets often communicate at a frequency of 0.5-4 Hz, and this frequency range may be universal due to the biology of receiving neurons.
5032h agoTwo-photon optogenetic stimulation enables control of hundreds of specifically targeted neurons simultaneously, allowing flexible and rapid reconfiguration of stimulation patterns.
5032h agoSpiking neural networks with nonlinear pruning and dendritic integration achieve high sparsity with minimal performance degradation, outperforming other methods on several benchmark datasets.
5032h agoThe best memory competitors can memorize a 100-digit number in under 15 seconds by using evolved techniques and associations at the core of memory.
5032h agoVariational free energy accurately estimates how well a driver’s brain learns vehicle dynamics and performs steering tasks, correlating with both expert driver and general participant performance.
5032h agoNonisospectral integrable systems describe solitary waves in nonuniform media through three types of nonisospectral matrix modified Korteweg-de Vries equations and their solutions.
5032h agoA new method helps accurately estimate traffic conditions in severe congestion by filling in missing data from fiber-optic sensors that detect vehicle vibrations.
5032h agoThe analysis of a pattern-forming system with simultaneous Turing and Turing-Hopf instabilities reveals the existence of solutions that model spatial transitions between different patterns.
5032h agoEnvironmental variability and human mobility together promote the evolution of cooperation by disrupting defector groups and forming cooperator groups in resource-rich areas.
5032h agoHigher-order topological insulators with a new type of two-dimensional lattice have been experimentally demonstrated, supporting corner states of topological origin and nonlinear corner states.
5032h agoMagnetic solitons can form bound states, or molecules, through specific interactions, and these bound states exhibit intriguing dynamics when colliding with other solitons or bound states.
5032h agoA template with a unique elementary mixer describes the chaotic mechanism and dynamics of a chaotic attractor bounded by a genus-1 torus.
5032h agoThe Kuramoto model has necessary and sufficient conditions for distinct constants of motion to exist when it has heterogeneous phase lags on any weighted, directed, signed graph.
5032h agoOptical solitons can be stabilized in multimode nonlinear optical systems by using specific medium lengths that suppress mode coupling, allowing for efficient supercontinuum generation and pulse compression.
5032h agoThe study of a nanomechanical beam with two coupled bistable modes reveals four stable regions in the frequency domain, separated by curves where the system transitions between states.
5032h agoA new theory explains how structural glasses behave when their physical properties vary in one direction, predicting a specific spatial profile of the glass order parameter and matching previous study results on glass transitions.
5032h agoA novel approach introduces defects into a crystal lattice to create non-ergodic multifractal states, which exhibit anomalous slow dynamics and offer new pathways for quantum transport studies.
5032h agoDisorder enhances ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic metal with repulsive interactions at zero temperature and can induce a ferromagnetic ground state in a non-ferromagnetic system, and also leads to a spin-glass phase at finite temperature beyond a critical disorder strength.
5032h agoLewy pathology accumulates at excitatory corticostriatal synapses and is associated with swollen axons, suggesting a possible contributor to cognitive decline in Lewy body diseases.
5036h agoThe circadian pacemaker regulates sleep through a feedback cycle between transcriptional and neural activity rhythms, involving dopamine signaling and the transcription factor Onecut, to promote daytime wakefulness.
5036h agoKilohertz neuronal electrical stimulation can induce diverse responses in brain neuron networks, ranging from regular spiking to chaotic behavior and complete activity suppression.
5040h agoFour neural states with distinct features predict worsening or improving bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease patients, challenging traditional views that focus on beta-band activity.
5040h agoThe novel radiotracer 7-[18F]Fluorotryptophan is safe for human use and can be used to study tryptophan metabolism in the brain and other parts of the body.
5044h agoLocusts that live in groups jump more in response to threats than those that live alone, and their brain cells involved in movement detection have different structures.
5044h agoTirzepatide reduces alcohol-related behaviors, including the rewarding properties of alcohol and voluntary alcohol consumption, and also affects physiological consequences associated with long-term alcohol use.
5044h agoSeizures spread through the brain by preferring specific pathways based on the balance of excitatory and inhibitory cells, rather than using all connected areas equally.
5044h agoMutations in tRNA synthetases cause a form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease by reducing protein synthesis in neurons, but axon regrowth and protein synthesis can be restored by stimulating axon regeneration.
5044h agoUsing larger and demographically matched reference samples improves the performance of brain deviation models in Alzheimer's disease research.
5044h agoConsistent motor responses, not just shared memory, drive sequential biases in tasks where stimulus features are shared but response modes differ.
5044h agoFrailty in older adults is linked to changes in brain connectivity, specifically in the Subcortical and Cerebellum network, particularly the caudate nucleus, which predicts individual differences in grip strength.
5048h agoShort-term synaptic depression provides an intrinsic self-regulating mechanism for balanced networks, sustaining irregular yet stable activity without the need for external inputs.
5048h agoThe new Jansen-Rit neural mass model, which incorporates inhibitory synaptic plasticity, successfully simulates brain dynamics and connectivity across different frequency bands and states, such as NREM sleep.
5048h agoMinocycline treatment reduces chronic pain in male mice with sickle cell disease by altering gut bacteria and reducing inflammation in a sex-specific way.
5048h agoPavlovian biases, specifically context biases and value decay, play a critical role in shaping decision-making and behavior over time, particularly in individuals with elevated suicide risk.
5048h agoSingle neurons in the brain that respond to both hue and luminance form a high-dimensional representation of these variables, which can be embedded in multiple separable representations.
5048h agoEarly-life stress causes different changes in the brain's amygdala in males and females, affecting how brain cells work and connect, and leading to problems with fear processing.
5048h agoA new model-based approach using Bayesian generalised additive multilevel models provides precise estimates of when neural effects start and stop, outperforming conventional methods in analysing magneto- and electroencephalography (M/EEG) timeseries.
5048h agoThe organization of intrinsic neural timescales across the mouse brain shows longer timescales in the midbrain and hindbrain than in the forebrain, with spatial patterns of gene expression predicting timescale variation and a multiscale architecture governing neuronal dynamics.
5048h agoSocial position in animal groups results from the interplay between stable individual traits and group-level dynamics, and is made up of multiple, separate processes rather than a single behavioral trait.
5048h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex plays a key role in cooperation by encoding leadership dynamics and social value, with disruptions to this area impairing cooperation and altering decision-making in leader-follower roles.
5048h agoInhibitory connections activate neurons in the mPOA through post-inhibitory rebound firing, which is essential for male mating behavior.
5048h agoBlind expert echolocators integrate spatial cues from successive clicks to accurately localize objects, and neural representations in the brain distinguish echo location and predict performance from the first click.
5052h agoA specific microdeletion in the gephyrin gene disrupts inhibitory signal transmission, leads to neurological deficits, and triggers compensatory changes in excitatory synapses.
5052h agoNeurodevelopmental axonal defects caused by an embryonic RNA repeat initiate a motor phenotype and lead to adult motor dysfunction in a zebrafish model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 37.
5052h agoMicroglia with high CD74 expression are more frequent in Alzheimer's disease dementia and have a distinct amoeboid shape, and are involved in cytokine response, antigen presentation, and T cell regulation.
5056h agoN-methyl-D-aspartate receptors composed of GluN1, N2, and N3 subunits can be activated by co-binding of glycine and glutamate, exhibiting two distinct conductance levels.
5068h agoThe biological processes of aging directly contribute to the onset of Parkinson's disease symptoms in a mouse model, and targeting these processes can improve symptoms without affecting a-syn oligomers.
5068h agoMice move or wiggle a wheel to boost the visibility of low-contrast visual stimuli and improve their accuracy in making visual decisions.
5068h agoThe dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction help regulate switching between self and other perspectives, and stimulating these areas disrupts efficient return to a self-focused perspective.
5068h agoA measure of partner synchrony during dance can be feasibly collected using inertial sensors and is associated with instructor ratings and changes in mood.
5072h agoMultivariate pattern analysis is not immune to biases from intracortical veins, but careful modeling can help correct these effects.
5072h agoThe strength of synaptic inputs to globular bushy cells in the auditory system shapes sound encoding by influencing temporal precision and firing rates.
5072h agoSilicon neural probes with integrated optical emitters, electrodes, and microfluidic channels enable simultaneous optogenetic stimulation, electrophysiological recording, and localized drug delivery in deep brain regions.
5072h agoHeightened real-world uncertainty drives mental health symptoms of anxiety and depression, especially in people who are intolerant of uncertainty.
5072h agoSensory neurons suppress the auditory steady-state response more strongly when competing modulation frequencies are close to each other than when they are farther apart, and a normalization model explains this interaction.
5072h agoThe study finds that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by distinct gene expression patterns and activated stress-response and inflammatory pathways in specific cell types, including microglia and ventral inhibitory neurons.
5072h agoModified tau protein disrupts protein translation, potentially causing early ribosomal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, and this effect may occur in multiple tissues.
5072h agoSong familiarity relies on evidence accumulation, where individual notes in a familiar song act as evidence that gathers over time until a threshold is reached to make a familiarity decision.
5072h agoHelicobacter pylori infection leads to neurodegeneration through inflammatory mechanisms independent of -synuclein aggregation.
5072h agoChanges in fatty acid metabolism occur in the early stages of all-cause dementia pathology, and a panel of fatty acid biomarkers can improve diagnostic accuracy when used alongside traditional markers.
5072h agoMusic listening increases glucose consumption in brain areas related to auditory perception, motor control, and reward, including the auditory and motor cortices, nucleus accumbens, and orbitofrontal cortex.
5076h agoOxytocin plays a crucial role in helping individuals form stable relationships in complex social networks by tuning sensory systems into a social processing state.
5076h agoSensorimotor learning involves routing stimulus information first to the sensory striatum, and then to frontal motor circuits.
5076h agoThe brain encodes hierarchical event sequences by using separate neural representations for global and local positions, with global positions linked to longer neural timescales and local positions tied to more detailed event information.
5076h agoIncreased alpha power before a complex search display is associated with faster search performance, and may reflect increased top-down control supporting visual search.
5076h agoCholinergic signaling in the neocortex reorganizes in specific frontal cortical areas as mice learn a visual task, leading to improved performance.
5076h agoEndocytosis remodels the neuronal surface proteome by removing and recycling over 1,100 proteins to drive cellular processes such as developmental axon pruning and axon targeting.
5076h agoPrimary cilia play a crucial role in mediating neuronal homeostatic plasticity, and dysfunction in these organelles impairs the ability of neurons to regulate their activity levels.
5088h agoAccurate segmentation of neurons and non-neuronal cells requires careful parameter tuning and a manual review, as automated methods have distinct strengths, weaknesses, and error patterns.
5088h agoNPYLR7 in rectal cells of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes helps sense nutritional cues and regulate egg development by communicating with the nervous system.
5088h agoMetaKSSD accelerates metagenomic profiling by combining k-mer sketching with marker-based methods.
5092h agoCombining gradient-echo BOLD with VASO contrast allows for differentiation between neural activity-related BOLD signals and those biased by draining veins, enabling the mapping of circuit-level mechanisms of memory retrieval in the hippocampus.
5092h agoBiogenic amines, such as octopamine, tyramine, dopamine, and serotonin, regulate learning and plasticity in honey bees by working together in the brain, and differences in these chemicals' responses predict how quickly bees learn to associate odors with rewards.
5092h agoVascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease is driven by transcriptional changes in brain endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, which emerge early in the disease process and respond differently to beta-amyloid and tau pathology.
5092h agoDNAm levels in peripheral blood can inform brain cell type proportions, and correlations exist between blood and brain DNAm profiles, especially for immune cell types.
5092h agoCaloric restriction and resveratrol supplementation have limited effects on Alzheimer's disease-related pathology, with caloric restriction showing modest cognitive improvements and distinct effects on brain functional connectivity.
5092h agoThe map of the missing limb in the somatosensory cortex remains stable after arm amputation, with no reorganization of the hand or face areas.
5096h agoThe language network in the brain reorganizes itself after a stroke, with areas of disconnection in white matter tracts linked to language deficits, and this reorganization continues over time as language abilities recover.
5100h agoGABAergic neuronal excitability determines lithium responsiveness in bipolar disorder and shapes the emergence of state-shift dynamics in neural networks.
5100h agoAttention changes the way we perceive the world by reshaping the representation of entire perceptual spaces, expanding the representation around attended stimuli and compressing it around unattended ones.
5100h agoInhibiting VP GABAergic neurons increases defensive responses to threats, and these neurons actively inhibit defensive responses to allow reward seeking.
5100h agoEarly physical contact between caregivers and offspring induces a calming response that helps regulate emotions and stress, but this response depends on prior experience of such contact.
5100h agoMales and females with autism spectrum disorder show different patterns of altered brain connectivity, which are associated with different behavioral traits.
5100h agoDNA methylation changes in oligodendrocytes are associated with Alzheimer's disease and impact gene expression across multiple brain regions and disease stages.
5100h agoPre-sensory spontaneous activity helps establish and drive the maturation of central sensory pathways by sculpting connections between neurons and enabling postsynaptic targets to acquire their mature functional properties.
5100h agoThe lateral habenula's pathway to the ventral tegmental area provides aversive predicting signals that are required for learning to avoid unpleasant situations and for coping with difficult conditions.
5100h agoA unified theory of language combines Bayesian cognitive linguistics with sexual selection to explain language's speed, expressivity, and diversity, and how it underlies human culture, cooperation, and emotions.
5104h agoMotivation and value in AI systems arise from the exploitation of thermodynamic computation, where cognitive and physical dynamics are inseparable, and this is lacking in simulated agents, leading to pathologies like reward hacking.
5104h agoA tailored spiking neural network called SNNDeep achieves a maximum validation accuracy of 98.35% in classifying liver health status from computed tomography features.
5104h agoAdaptive segmentation of EEG data improves seizure detection performance compared to fixed-length approaches.
5104h agoStress mitigation is key to preventing pathologies, and a new framework suggests that returning cancer cells to normal tissue control could be a therapeutic approach.
5104h agoAI and Cognitive Science have a reciprocal relationship, with AI progress emphasizing practical task performance but lacking a cohesive cognitive foundation, suggesting that future AI development should focus on understanding the human mind.
5104h agoThe human brain performs functional computations by subtly modifying the interactions among brain regions, allowing it to carry out a wide range of functions without drastically changing its energy consumption.
5104h agoA possible path to scalable aligned artificial intelligence is to enable artificial agents to learn a good model of the world, including a good model of human preferences, through structure learning and theory of mind.
5104h agoThe novel hyperbolic embedding framework preserves the global multilayer structure of complex systems, enabling detailed analysis and comparisons within and across layers.
5104h agoThe analysis of a bibliographic database reveals the continuous growth in popularity of recurrence plots and related methods, as well as the emergence and decline of topical subjects over time.
5104h agoThe KZ differential equations with parameter κ=±2 have a correspondence that allows studying their solutions on lower weight subspaces, and this helps to analyze p-curvature operators and solution spaces in characteristic p.
5104h agoThe Reshetikhin condition implies the presence of infinitely many local conserved quantities in quantum spin chains with finite-range interactions.
5104h agoSelf-organized turbulence can create structured patterns in nature through complexity, and simulations of coupled oscillators show that emergent structures can exhibit universal scaling laws.
5104h agoLaminar chaos, a low-dimensional phenomenon, occurs in systems with random and chaotically time-varying delay, and its properties can be understood through circle maps with quenched disorder.
5104h agoActive matter's ability to process information is optimal when its dynamics are just below a critical damping threshold, allowing it to robustly compute and infer future states of chaotic signals.
5104h agoProjective transformation invariants are used to construct nonlinear evolution equations, identify symmetry-integrable equations, and connect them to a fully-nonlinear 3rd-order equation.
5104h agoThe Schur polynomials of (g,π)-type are used to derive a Sato-Zhou type formula for tau functions of the Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy of g-type, which are linear combinations of the Schur polynomials with coefficients being the Plücker coordinates.
5104h agoA universal formula is derived for overlaps between integrable matrix product states and Bethe eigenstates in symmetric spin chains.
5104h agoRandom matrix product unitary ensembles reproduce the randomness of quantum systems, showing freeness for local observables with just a few degrees of complexity, but require more complexity for traceless observables.
5104h agoEngineers construct an electrical lattice with flat bands and generate compact localized states within it, which can be excited in isolation via a two-node driving at specific frequencies.
5104h agoThe boson peak in silica glass is governed by near-isostatic constraints and marginal stability, which are universal principles that explain its anomalous material properties.
5104h agoThe calculation of specific heat of liquids and glasses by first-principles molecular dynamics simulations provides a universal method to determine this thermodynamic property, but atom relaxation and metastable states cause difficulties in accurately predicting it.
5104h agoDisorder enhances ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic metal with repulsive interactions at zero temperature, and can also induce a ferromagnetic ground state in a non-ferromagnetic system, with a possible spin-glass phase emerging at finite temperature.
5104h agoFeature learning in neural networks involves changes in the distance between class manifolds in feature space and in the microscopic learnable parameters, and these changes depend on the temperature and data.
5104h agoA machine learning framework predicts chemical composition from 4D-STEM diffraction patterns, allowing for non-destructive and high-throughput materials characterization.
5104h agoMany-body localization in two dimensions is stable under quasiperiodic disorder but not under random disorder, with its crossover point shifting to higher disorder strength as system size increases under random disorder.
5104h agoMulti-scale graph embeddings allow low-dimensional representations of network data that remain consistent under changes in resolution, but existing methods have limitations when the input network is not entirely observable and needs to be reconstructed from aggregate information.
5104h agoThe multicritical contact process exhibits universal behavior with ultra-slow, activated dynamical scaling, and belongs to the same universality class as the multicritical quantum Ising model.
5104h agoThe human brain performs functional computations by subtly modifying the interactions among brain regions, allowing it to carry out a wide range of functions without drastically changing its energy consumption.
5104h agoHebbian learning leads to a rich class of emergent behavior in the contact process, where local incentives can lead to opposite global effects, and negative reinforcement can promote activity spreading but also create immune regions.
5104h agoA new type of quantum circuit, called tree-unitary gates, preserves symmetries of tree graphs and allows for exactly solvable dynamics with a trade-off between fast information spread and multi-directional correlations.
5104h agoIncreasing L2 regularization in Deep Neural Networks causes a phase transition into the under-parametrized phase, which explains the onset-of-learning and is linked to the phenomenon of 'grokking' where models get stuck in a local minimum.
5104h agoFragility is more closely linked to the contrast in individual particle mobility than to the spatial extent of dynamic correlations.
5104h agoLithium isotopes have different effects on brain activity, with one isotope having a large opposite effect on how brain cells communicate compared to the other.
5104h agoParental childhood maltreatment affects the brain development of their children in a sex-specific way, with maternal emotional abuse linking to lower brain development in sons and paternal physical neglect linking to lower brain development in daughters.
5104h agoNeutrophil-derived C5a signaling through microglial C5aR1 drives early motor neuron dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica by recruiting neutrophils and activating microglia.
5104h agoAntidepressant and placebo treatments change how different parts of the brain communicate with each other, with some changes being general and others specific to the treatment or patient response.
5104h agoThe quality of evidence influences the speed and movement of eye saccades, and saccade velocity varies with the difficulty of identifying and responding to visual stimuli.
5104h agoMutant LRRK2 disrupts dopamine release in vulnerable neurons by increasing phosphorylation of RAB3 proteins, leading to cell-autonomous dysfunctions in dopamine-producing neurons.
5104h agoPeople can adapt their walking style to a new energy landscape, but having broad experience in one landscape does not automatically lead to optimal adjustments in similar but different conditions.
5104h agoPeople with more autistic traits who use more strategies to hide their social difficulties have abnormal brain connections that can lead to depression and anxiety.
5104h agoPolitical orientation and empathy influence moral judgments and neural processing of socially relevant information, with conservatives and progressives differing in motivational salience attribution.
5104h agoAging causes lipid accumulation in brain endothelial cells, which impairs their function, leads to inflammation and cellular senescence, and contributes to cerebrovascular aging.
5104h agoAn itch response triggered by the immune system leads to rapid removal of ticks from the host, offering a potential approach to preventing tick-borne diseases.
5104h agoIncreased feeding during pregnancy is caused by changes in specific brain cells, namely the activation of AgRP neurons and the inhibition of POMC neurons.
5104h agoLSTM-based models provide consistent and trustworthy estimates of uncertainty in automatic sleep staging from EEG signals, while EEGNet is suitable for lightweight deployment.
5104h agoHaving a strong ethnic identity is linked to better psychological well-being, and those with a strong ethnic identity are more resilient to the negative effects of discrimination on their mental health.
5104h agoMultishell dMRI analysis offers slightly greater sensitivity to amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease than single-shell analysis, but shows no major advantage in detecting cognitive impairment and tau pathology.
5104h agoMemory recall depends on brain-environment interactions, with the environment playing a key role in the process, as recalling events is linked to specific spatial locations and gaze patterns.
5104h agoBrief neural events called beta bursts play a role in inhibiting actions and supporting goal-directed behaviour, and occur in a brain-wide pattern when people interact with their smartphones.
5104h agoBrief sleep loss after learning disrupts hippocampus-dependent memory processing by altering the synaptic connectivity of SST interneurons in the lateral entorhinal cortex, a key input to the hippocampus.
5112h agoNeuroimmune activation, characterised by the expansion of a high-SNCA-expressing microglial state, occurs early in Parkinson's disease and is triggered by oligomeric synuclein, leading to inflammation and mitochondrial suppression.
5112h agoType I interferon signaling is more active in females with Alzheimer's disease and contributes to the greater burden of the disease in women.
5112h agoCDKL5 is targeted to synapses through interactions with PSD-95, SHANK proteins, and talin, and its activity may be spatially regulated through talin-mediated mechanical signalling.
5120h agoLoss of PINK1 function leads to excess cholesterol biosynthesis, which accumulates in neuronal membranes, reduces neurotransmitter uptake, and alters dopamine transporter distribution.
5124h agoRepeated exposure to stress during adolescence impairs the ability of neurons in the brain to sustain activity, leading to disruptions in attention and working memory, by altering the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals.
5124h agoHabitual video game play enhances learning from feedback, especially in uncertain situations, and improves the ability to make good decisions based on rewards.
5124h agoMitochondrial structural remodeling helps meet the energy demands of synaptic and network function by increasing energy production and ATP levels.
5124h agoAlpha-synuclein overexpression causes different effects in different cell types, with the A53T mutant consistently inducing cytotoxicity, while wild-type alpha-synuclein either enhances or impairs mitochondrial function depending on the cellular context.
5124h agoThe endocannabinoid system is associated with pressure pain thresholds, with certain endocannabinoid levels linked to individual pain sensitivity.
5124h agoMutations in the LAMA2 gene cause merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy by disrupting laminin-211 production, leading to muscle weakness, fibrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes, with complete deficiency linked to more severe and distinct gene expression changes.
5124h agoRutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles, but not anatase, cause cell death in specific brain cells, including astroglia and microglia, at concentrations above 10 g/mL.
5124h agoThe choroid plexus undergoes major changes in cellular composition, gene expression, and immune cell diversity from neonatal to adult stages, including the early activation of host-defense genes and the emergence of new epithelial cell subtypes.
5124h agoThe accumulation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease is surrounded by a dense ring of cells, but the plaque core remains diffusionally penetrable.
5124h agoA recurrent neural network corrects the errors of a surrogate Hodgkin-Huxley model, accurately recovering membrane voltage and ion channel dynamics.
5128h agoA new large-scale EEG dataset collected using affordable hardware demonstrates that decoding high-level semantic information from EEG signals and reconstructing images is possible with low-cost equipment.
5128h agoQuantum computing offers a competitive alternative for analyzing high-dimensional neural recording data and constructing functional networks.
5128h agoA data-driven method leveraging score-based generative modeling accurately reproduces the statistical properties and temporal correlations of cyclo-stationary time series, enabling efficient generation of synthetic trajectories.
5128h agoLong-range correlations in sentence length are not a fundamental feature of natural language or a reliable marker of literary style.
5128h agoA method using a beam with non-linear dynamics and an external harmonic driver extracts a frequency comb through a process called injection pulling, leading to a SNIC bifurcation.
5128h agoThe isotropic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg chain with a single edge-coupled impurity exhibits four phases: a Kondo phase and an antiferromagnetic bound-mode phase for antiferromagnetic couplings, and a local-moment phase and a ferromagnetic bound-mode phase for ferromagnetic couplings.
5128h agoNon-locality in a Hamiltonian can drive a system into a typical state, but it can also destroy quantum correlation, suggesting that quantum thermalization does not require quantum chaoticity.
5128h agoA chip-scale photonic extreme learning machine based on wave chaos interference can process information in a compact, parallel, and ultra-fast way.
5128h agoThe lens hyperbolic gamma solution satisfies the star-star relation and the flipping relation in three-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories.
5128h agoA recurrent neural network corrects the errors of a surrogate Hodgkin-Huxley model, accurately recovering membrane voltage and ion channel dynamics.
5128h agoThe change of basis from decaying solutions to Floquet solutions in Heun-type equations allows for the explicit computation of the phase acquired by Floquet solutions and the derivation of its series representation.
5128h agoAnimals that synchronize their behaviors, such as during mating rituals, may gain benefits like attracting mates, but also risk losing individuality, and a model shows that groups can tolerate only a limited number of individuals who cheat by not fully synchronizing.
5128h agoVibrations in active elastic media grow in wavelength, period, and amplitude over time through a process called wave coarsening, eventually forming a globally synchronized state.
5128h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a disordered background, and allows for stationary solutions with multiple bumps and quasiperiodic multi-tsunami backgrounds.
5128h agoA novel data-driven framework combines the Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem with score-based generative modeling to accurately estimate how small external changes affect the higher-order moments of nonlinear stochastic systems.
5128h agoThe study develops simulation methods to investigate protein dynamics and thermal exchanges within heterogeneous cell membranes, tracking individual protein movement, concentration fluctuations, and temperature variations.
5128h agoA semimagnetic topological insulator exhibits a half-quantized Hall effect that remains robust in weakly disordered systems, and it also shows a marginal metallic phase that challenges existing localization theories.
5128h agoMagnetic systems with diffusing skyrmions can realize multi-value probabilistic computing by creating a tunable discrete probability distribution.
5128h agoA chip-scale photonic extreme learning machine based on wave chaos interference can process information in a compact, parallel, and ultra-fast way.
5128h agoIntegrable quantum circuits with a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ impurity exhibit two distinct phases, and bulk dephasing noise leads to the quantum Zeno effect, slowing down impurity magnetization dynamics in the long time limit.
5128h agoNon-Hermitian systems allow wave propagation even when energy eigenstates are localized, and exhibit novel universal scaling behaviors in wave propagation that differ from Hermitian systems.
5128h agoPKD2L1 channels in cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons are sensitive to pH changes and generate both phasic and tonic currents that modulate the neurons' excitability.
5128h agoMutations in the PTEN gene cause neurodevelopmental disorders by activating the ARP2/3 complex through mTORC1 and mTORC2, leading to changes in neural cells that can be rescued by inhibiting ARP2/3.
5128h agoHumans adjust their blinking to prioritize important visual input, balancing stimulus characteristics and personal goals, and this ability to optimize blink timing improves with age until early adulthood and then declines.
5128h agoMicroglial response to damage signals and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines varies by brain region after TMEV infection.
5128h agoThe presence of a distracting stimulus reduces the initial visual processing of a target stimulus, and the brain later actively suppresses the distracting stimulus to focus on the target.
5132h agoA digital twin framework enables real-time interpretation of spectroscopic data in chemical characterization by linking theory and experimental data through a bidirectional feedback loop.
5136h agoAge-related cognitive decline may arise from increased variability of neural responses, with older mice showing more variable response times, increased firing rates, and decreased variability quenching across multiple brain regions.
5136h agoHuman brain development follows two main patterns: aperiodic activity decreases with age, while periodic activity grows and then declines, with both components stabilizing around age 40.
5136h agoNo changes are made since the provided text is a citation and does not contain a paragraph to summarize. If you provide the actual paragraph about "Dynamics of mature myelin", I can help you create a simple sentence summary.
5140h agoCASTLE, a label-free pipeline, accurately quantifies animal behavior by generating detailed descriptors of movement and identifying distinct behavioral classes without predefined categories.
5140h agoMedaka and zebrafish have different visual motion processing abilities that help them adapt to their environments, with medaka being better at detecting objects in their social group and zebrafish being better at detecting background motion for navigation.
5140h agoAnodal stimulation of the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ) improves phonemic fluency, with benefits greatest for individuals with lower fluid intelligence.
5140h agoThe human brain cycles through different networks every second during rest and tasks, allowing it to engage essential cognitive functions at a speed linked to genetics and age.
5144h agoTwo distinct subtypes of psychosis with different brain abnormalities and clinical characteristics are identified, one with moderate enlargement of surface area in frontal and parietal areas and the other with markedly smaller surface areas and subcortical volumes.
5144h agoLoss of FMR1 gene expression disrupts the normal interaction between NMDA receptors and SK channels, leading to abnormal synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of Fmr1 KO mice.
5144h agoThe brain combines grid codes and place codes to navigate complex environments, and a new computational theory called topology-aware grid coding (TAG) enables grid codes to generalize across environments with the same topological structure but different geometry.
5144h agoPeople who are better at extinguishing fear have different brain activity patterns, specifically in the ventral striatum, which helps them learn safety faster.
5144h agoA new modeling framework predicts individual Alzheimer's disease trajectories from sparse clinical data, detecting early signs of disease more accurately and tracking changes in biomarker trajectories.
5144h agoMelody formation in multi-voice music listening happens through an attention-guided statistical integration mechanism that dynamically combines competing musical streams.
5144h agoSporadic and LRRK2-associated Parkinson's Disease have different molecular profiles, with distinct inflammatory signals in blood and CSF, that are associated with tau pathology.
5144h agoMarker fidelity varies substantially across cortical regions, and a new statistical framework identifies improved markers for six major brain cell types with consistent expression across regions.
5144h agoHarmonic sensitivity is present in the primary auditory cortex (A1) layer 4 and is not unique to the secondary auditory cortex (A2), with neurons in A1 layer 4 showing robust spectral integration and harmonic sensitivity.
5144h agoRhesus macaques provide a useful model to understand how the human brain decodes facial expressions, with similar behavioral responses to humans and neural activity that predicts facial expression discrimination.
5148h agoCannabidiol decreases seizures by reducing neuronal firing and activity propagation in the hippocampus through mechanisms that involve GPR55 and increased recruitment of inhibitory neurons.
5148h agoNeural motifs in the primary auditory cortex represent sensory stimuli and task variables in parallel with single-unit activity, providing different levels of coding granularity with distinct information.
5148h agoTuberous Sclerosis Complex brain network dysfunctions start with increased firing and altered excitability of a specific type of nerve cell, which can be prevented by inhibiting overproliferation of its progenitors.
5148h agoThe brain uses two types of place cell sequences to plan and guide navigation, one stereotypic and the other goal-directed, which predict upcoming trajectories to remembered goals.
5148h agoAnimals monitor and integrate dynamic sensory information to guide behavior through a process called active sensing, where sensory information supports motor planning through mechanisms that remain poorly understood.
5148h agoDual inhibition of sEH and COX-2 with PTUPB improves cognition in Alzheimer's disease by enhancing myogenic responses and increasing cerebral artery distensibility.
5148h agoThe ComBat-Predict method effectively harmonizes brain imaging data from different study sites, allowing for accurate prediction of cortical thickness measures and reducing site-related bias.
5148h agoNLX-112 treatment improves motor function, slows disease progression, and provides neuroprotection in a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.
5148h agoSaccades tend to avoid crossing earlier eye movements in a scan path, a phenomenon called self-crossing avoidance, which facilitates exploration of visual scenes.
5152h agoA new large-scale EEG dataset, collected using affordable consumer-grade equipment, shows that deep neural network-based brain-computer interfaces and semantic decoding methods can be effectively conducted with low-cost hardware.
5152h agoA topological framework integrating Transfer Entropy and directed Persistent Homology characterizes information flow in spiking neural systems, revealing distinctions in task complexity, stimulus structure, and behavioral regime.
5152h agoDeep artificial neural networks trained to perform interval timing tasks develop internal oscillatory neural activations similar to those found in biological systems.
5152h agoRecurrent neural networks with a modular structure, specifically those with a global workspace topology, have relaxed stability conditions and show strong test performance and resilience to removal of individual subnetworks.
5152h agoAn endovascular brain-computer interface can record neural activity related to eye movements and translate it into control commands in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
5152h agoHigh reflection rates at steep beaches tend to stabilize the formation of extreme nonlinear waves by controlling excess kurtosis generated by shoaling.
5152h agoA classical integrable system generates tsunami-like solitons on a rocky-desert-like disordered background, with applications to plasma physics and superconductors.
5152h agoPoincare waves have nonlinear interactions that follow four-wave interactions, leading to energy transfer and saturation effects.
5152h agoThe orbits of a discrete Painlev\'e equation over finite fields lie on algebraic curves with genus less than or equal to one and satisfy the Hasse bound.
5152h agoBoltzmann's 1868 example of a system described by the microcanonical ensemble was incorrect because it assumed constants of motion are smooth functions.
5152h agoThe Painlev\'{e} I hierarchy has two approaches, isomonodromic construction and minimal models construction, which are connected through an explicit correspondence that identifies the setups and provides new expressions for Lax matrices and Hamiltonians.
5152h agoTwo integral representations for the wave functions of the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system are equivalent.
5152h agoNonlinear wave and beam equations have time-periodic solutions with a fractal-like structure, including a new class of large-energy solutions that can be linearly stable.
5152h agoCoherent states projected in the energy eigenbasis of the spin-boson Dicke Hamiltonian exhibit ergodic and multifractal behavior that reflects details of the classical phase space structure, including chaos, regularity, and localization.
5152h agoBethe wavefunctions can be decomposed into simple products of local wavefunctions, allowing for exact and analytical representations as tensor networks and adaptive quantum circuits.
5152h agoPerturbations in a compressible gas approximately follow a system of dispersive nonlinear wave equations, and their behavior depends on the amplitude of the initial data, with shock formation occurring for larger data but not for moderate-amplitude data.
5152h agoA supersonic flow of a Lee-Huang-Yang quantum fluid past an obstacle generates linear radiation and oblique dark solitons, which can be accurately described by a modified Kelvin theory and analytically obtained through transformation of the 1D soliton solution.
5152h agoNonlinear dynamical systems with continuous variables can solve combinatorial optimization problems more accurately and quickly by harnessing the edge of chaos, achieving almost 100% success probabilities for some large-scale problems in as little as 10 milliseconds.
5152h agoThe localization properties of eigenmodes in one-dimensional random geometric graphs are comprehensively understood through an investigation of density of states, participation ratio, and related factors.
5152h agoDefects in conformal field theories can be uplifted to defects in a supersymmetic theory of higher dimensions, resulting in two distinct uplifted defects of different dimensions.
5152h agoA new approach maps deep neural networks to quantum electrodynamics, relating neural activations and weights to fermionic matter and gauge fields, and identifying stability thresholds with gauge-dependent amplification factors.
5152h agoThe Heun algorithm remains a benchmark for integrating stochastic differential equations due to its robust performance.
5152h agoDense associative memory models can learn interpretable solutions to classification problems and a novel regularization scheme makes their training more stable.
5152h agoA novel framework coupling statistical physics with metagenomic data reveals that healthy microbiomes have strong species interactions and abundance diversity, while diseased microbiomes show greater variability driven by deterministic factors, resulting in less ecologically stable communities.
5152h agoRényi complexity, a measure of disorder, relates to free energy differences in mean-field disordered models and vanishes at the Kauzmann transition temperature for models with one-step replica symmetry breaking.
5152h agoThe many-body localization transition in the quantum Ising model with long-range interaction occurs at a certain disorder threshold, which can be estimated with logarithmic accuracy.
5152h agoA $30^{\circ}$ twisted bilayer formed by two Haldane models retains its topological properties at weak interlayer coupling but exhibits a closed energy gap and multiple localized states at strong interlayer coupling.
5152h agoDisorder acts as insulation against the non-Hermitian skin effect, preventing edge localisation for small imaginary gauge potentials in one-dimensional block disordered subwavelength resonator systems with non-reciprocal damping.
5152h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex neurons that project to the thalamus and express Foxp2 play a key role in regulating pain sensitivity and are deactivated in both acute and chronic pain.
5156h agoThe hippocampal network rapidly switches between relying on internal sense of location and on visual cues to update location and velocity within cycles of brain waves.
5160h agoThe hippocampus uses distinct computations to control two modes of theta phase coding during navigation.
5160h agoA pharmacophore-oriented 3D molecular generation method efficiently generates diverse, drug-like molecules and identifies new inhibitors in real-world drug discovery.
5164h agoHost cone bipolar cells in the primate macula can rewire with transplanted photoreceptors, forming functional synapses and rebuilding ON- and OFF-pathway connectivity.
5164h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) shows similar neural activation patterns when people respond to questionnaire items from the same psychological scale, and it encodes both categorical and graded psychological similarities among scales during self-report.
5164h agoGamma audiovisual stimulation at 40 Hz improves attention performance by increasing gamma activity, decreasing arousal, and enhancing functional connectivity associated with attention processes.
5172h agoSyllable-specific neurons in the songbird auditory system integrate multiple stimulus features over hundreds of milliseconds by functioning as coincidence detectors that rely on post-inhibitory facilitation, persistent network activity, and a dynamic interplay between intrinsic neuronal properties and convergent synaptic inputs.
5172h agoElectrical synapses between thalamic reticular nucleus neurons regulate thalamocortical relay by modulating responses to sensory inputs, increasing response rates and duration, and reducing spike correlation in the cortex.
5172h agoThe study found that a specific genetic risk factor, the 15q13.3 microdeletion, leads to the involvement of certain brain cells, particularly GABAergic neurons, in mice, which may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders.
5172h agoThe brain switches between two modes of time processing, independence and coherence, by adjusting communication across different subspaces in the fronto-parietal network.
5172h agoExcessive screen time at age two relates to smaller brain volumes in language areas and poorer language outcomes, which in turn predict greater screen time usage at age three.
5172h agoStriatal disinhibition induces motor tics in mice by causing aberrant activity that is transmitted to the insular cortex, leading to motor-limbic circuit dysfunction.
5172h agoStroking by a human induces brain activation in anaesthetised pigs, and pigs with previous positive human contact may perceive it as more pleasant than pigs without such experience.
5172h agoAnesthetics cause unconsciousness by destabilizing the dynamics of neural population activity in the cortex, leading to slower recovery from sensory perturbations and changes in brain wave patterns.
5172h agoThe Dynamic Morph-Aware Convolution (DMAC) framework accurately reconstructs neuronal morphology from 3D light microscopy by adapting convolution kernels to the complex geometry of neuronal arbors.
5172h agoM5 receptor activation alleviates Parkinson's disease motor symptoms, such as forepaw asymmetry, bradykinesia, and gait problems, without causing or worsening dyskinesia.
5172h agoHippocampal theta sweeps provide a neural basis for planning future movements based on goals, not just current movement or head direction.
5172h agoPeople's ability to perceive external disturbances affects their balance, with those who can perceive smaller disturbances having better balance performance when faced with small challenges.
5172h agoThe visual number form area (ITG-math) responds more strongly to numerosity tasks than color tasks, and its role in mathematical cognition goes beyond just encoding digits.
5172h agoA modular neuroimaging framework integrating principles from foundation models with efficient architectures accurately predicts age and cognitive performance from resting-state fMRI data, outperforming existing methods.
5176h agoBrainPath, a 3D generative framework, predicts anatomically faithful MRIs at any timepoint from a single baseline scan, capturing realistic and temporally consistent individual brain aging trajectories.
5176h agoNetwork science has its most direct application in nanoscale connectomics, where it provides concrete biological interpretations of core network concepts, enabling biologically grounded analyses of circuit structure and function.
5176h agoThe brain synchronizes its internal model with the environment through Bayesian inference, but this doesn't mean it creates an exact copy, instead it aims for behavioural equivalence to minimize prediction error.
5176h agoHybrid quantum algorithms can provide a competitive alternative to classical methods for recovering neurologically relevant networks from high-dimensional neural recording data.
5176h agoAI models develop brain-like representations when they are large, trained on many human-centric images, and have sufficient training, with their development following a specific chronology that mirrors the human brain's structure and function.
5176h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations of a wide range of semantic concepts using well-characterized images, expanding the capacity to model human visual experience.
5176h agoNeural networks on random graphs have a mean-field limit that resembles a Wilson-Cowan neural field equation, where the state variables are the mean and variance of neuronal activity.
5176h agoCausal Dynamic Resonance helps detect information flow among components of complex systems by reducing false positives in causality measures.
5176h agoAn autoencoder-based method estimates the phase of limit-cycle oscillators from partial observations, enabling effective feedback control of oscillator synchronization.
5176h agoA vectorial Darboux transformation is derived for an integrable matrix version of the Fokas-Lenells equation, allowing for the systematic determination of exact solutions including breathers, dark solitons, rogue waves, and beating solitons.
5176h agoNon-local interactions in a coupled oscillators model lead to a phase transition with an order parameter scaling exponent of 1/2 and a diverging relaxation time.
5176h agoOmnivory and interaction structure in a tri-trophic food web critically affect ecosystem complexity and resilience by modulating stability through complex dynamical behaviors and bifurcation structures.
5176h agoFs-laser radiation causes changes in surface morphology of semiconductors with different band gaps, resulting in the formation of low and high spatial frequency LIPSS and other structures.
5176h agoLarge-scale turbulent flows in two-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence determine the essential resolution of observation needed to reconstruct small-scale flows, which is close to the forcing scale, not the dissipation scale.
5176h agoEngineered spin Kitaev models exhibit polarization-dependent spin transport and chiral solitons, enabling new opportunities for simulating transport in curved spaces and applications in spintronics and quantum sensing.
5176h agoBiodiversity can be maintained when species adaptively regulate their mobility through learned behaviors, allowing them to coexist stably across a range of migration rates.
5176h agoA new algorithm, called generalized simulated bifurcation (GSB), solves large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with almost 100% success probability by harnessing the edge of chaos, allowing it to find solutions ultrafast, in 10 milliseconds for a 2,000-variable problem.
5176h agoA successful furrow formation in Drosophila embryo requires an apical tension gradient, decreased basal tension, and increased lateral tension.
5176h agoThe first nonlinear stage of modulation instability of periodic waves shows universal behavior, described by adiabatic deformations of the Akhmediev breather solution, and involves wave growth, fission, fusion, and decay, with fission and fusion resembling multidimensional wave breaking and phase transitions.
5176h agoLarge perturbations can push a power grid into an unstable state, and researchers have identified a new class of highly vulnerable nodes in power grids that are susceptible to such disruptions.
5176h agoScientists have established conditions for reaction-cross-diffusion systems to form spatiotemporal patterns and have developed a framework for designing systems with specific patterns.
5176h agoGaussian process regression with specially designed kernel functions accurately estimates the interaction functions of coupled phase oscillators from limited or biased data, enabling better understanding and prediction of rhythmic phenomena.
5176h agoNon-degenerate bright solitons emerge in a two-component long-wave-short-wave resonance interaction model, exhibiting novel profile structures and undergoing elastic collisions.
5176h agoA local driving mechanism called non-reciprocal driving accelerates solitons and antisolitons in the same direction, and this mechanism can be used to transmit and filter unidirectional information.
5176h agoBreathing solitons can persist for arbitrarily long times in non-reciprocal, non-conservative active metamaterials when a delicate balance between energy injection and dissipation is struck.
5176h agoTopologically nontrivial energy minimizing maps exist from bounded domains in the plane to a sphere, describing magnetizations in ultrathin ferromagnetic films with specific interactions.
5176h agoEnergy-band thermalization implies that an observable thermalizes in almost all physical states over accessible timescales, and can be efficiently measured in experiments with limited resources.
5176h agoThe Landau-Zener formula's exponential form comes from integrability, which leads to a functional equation that establishes the formula's structure, and a simple perturbation calculation determines its coefficient.
5176h agoBiodiversity can be maintained when species adaptively regulate their mobility through learned behaviors, allowing them to coexist stably across a range of migration rates.
5176h agoMessage passing neural networks perform poorly under heterophily and structural bottlenecks in graphs because their signal-to-noise ratio is limited by higher-order homophily and interactions between bottlenecks and class labels.
5176h agoThe electrical conductivity of V$_{1-x}$Al$_x$ alloys shows a crossover to a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity, which follows the Mooij correlation and is caused by a non-Boltzmann contribution.
5176h agoEnergy-dependent hysteresis exists in an isolated Heisenberg quantum spin system, similar to thermomagnetic hysteresis in spin glasses, and an annealing protocol can control the energy in this system.
5176h agoPopulation annealing outperforms simulated annealing in finding minimum energy configurations in the diluted Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Ising model, especially near the peak of model hardness.
5176h agoLearning atomic contributions to electronic density of states improves the efficiency, accuracy, and interpretability of predicting material properties.
5176h agoProbabilistic Graphical Models outperform Graph Neural Networks when input features are low-dimensional or noisy, and are more robust to increasing graph heterophily.
5176h agoThe connection between structure and dynamics is more closely linked to the contrast in individual particle mobility than to the spatial extent of dynamic correlations in glass transition.
5176h agoEarly stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex interferes with conscious tactile detection, but only when applied shortly after tactile input.
5176h agoCorrelation-based features of electrocorticographic high-gamma signals provide greater long-term stability and robustness for detecting neural voice activity than high-gamma log-power features.
5176h agoElevated levels of the AETA peptide are associated with synaptic dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease pathology, particularly in females.
5176h agoMotor neurons vulnerable to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis undergo thousands of molecular changes, transitioning into a novel cell state called 'disease-associated motor neurons', with distinct transcription factor regulatory networks and early interactions with reactive glia.
5176h agoMetformin treatment improves symptoms and reduces harmful protein levels in mice with spinocerebellar ataxia type 8, a debilitating neurological disease.
5176h agoA wireless magnetomechanical approach uses biocompatible nanoscale magnetite nanodiscs to stimulate brain activity remotely and reversibly, restoring motor function in mice with a severe Parkinson's-like condition.
5176h agoOlder age is linked to better emotional regulation, but this link is altered in people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and racial minority groups, who show heightened stress-related brain activity.
5176h agoA specific neuron, the Sustain neuron, coordinates swallowing to efficiently move food through the mouth and throat, allowing animals to sustain long feeding bursts when deprived of protein.
5180h agoThe gustatory system in Drosophila has a complete wiring diagram that connects sensory input to behaviors like feeding, foraging, and social interactions.
5180h agoPARP inhibitors cause rod photoreceptor toxicity in a mouse model for autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa, and this effect is independent of rhodopsin expression.
5180h agoA novel framework decodes decision-making processes from hundreds of simultaneously recorded neuronal channels, revealing distinct neural coding roles in the brain's prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.
5184h agoMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) stimulate sensory neurons, contributing to pain during inflammation, by inducing intracellular Ca2+ release through activation of specific receptors.
5188h agoPeople with Parkinson's disease have impaired sensory gating during standing balance, which is essential for postural control, and this impairment is not seen in older or young adults.
5188h agoASCL1 expression reprograms adult macaque Muller glia into functional neurons that can fire action potentials and express retinal ganglion cell markers.
5188h agomiR-23b disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity, and inhibiting it enhances barrier function and repair in brain endothelial cells, leading to improved outcomes in stroke models.
5188h agoMale Drosophilid flies have a courtship behavior sequence that includes stillness, a rhythmic wing movement called "waggling", and singing, with specific neurons controlling this sequence.
5188h agoCareful selection of parameters in graph signal processing is crucial, and power spectral density and structural decoupling index are the most effective feature types for identifying individual subjects.
5188h agoGaze is anchored to a target object during reaching movements, and the timing of this anchoring depends on the type of target and the coordination of hand movements.
5188h agoA deep active optimization pipeline effectively tackles high-dimensional, complex problems with limited data, achieving optimal solutions in up to 2,000 dimensions.
5192h agoMutations in voltage-gated sodium channels cause a range of seizure conditions, and a specific mutation in a fly gene causes dominant seizure activity that can be suppressed with dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.
5192h agoReelin controls the directional orientation, intracellular localization, and length of primary cilia in principal neurons in the cerebral cortex.
5196h agoCoupling neuronal and synaptic dynamics enables a novel form of working memory through persistent oscillations in neural networks with ongoing plasticity.
5196h agoThe lateral frontal pole (FPl) region of the brain plays a key role in integrating emotion signals with goal information during threat anticipation to support goal-directed action.
5196h agoA new AI-driven approach using Vision Transformers accurately classifies children's engagement in early childhood education by analyzing visual cues such as gaze direction and peer collaboration.
5200h agoA Deep Reinforcement Learning agent trained to perform an interval timing task exhibits oscillatory neural activations similar to those found in biological systems, and uses a time-keeping strategy comparable to the Striatal Beat Frequency model.
5200h agoLanguage serves as a collectively formed external representation, with its embedded distributional semantics, and emerges from and shapes group-level cognition through collective memory and attention.
5200h agoImagining temperature sensations triggers similar neural activity in the sensorimotor cortex as actual thermal perception, with both real and imagined sensations showing comparable event-related desynchronization of the sensorimotor mu-rhythm.
5200h agoA new technique called ML-PWS combines Machine Learning with Path Weight Sampling to accurately calculate the information transmission rate of stochastic systems from experimental time-series data.
5200h agoPeople tend to hold on to their prior expectations rather than adjust them when they encounter extreme violations, and this happens because standard learning dynamics uses different mechanisms to resolve small and large expectation violations.
5200h agoMetalearning helps machines overcome classic challenges in artificial neural networks by providing incentives to improve specific skills and opportunities to practice those skills.
5200h agoThe Dbar method is developed to study discrete integrable equations, providing explicit formulae of multi-soliton solutions for the lattice potential modified KdV equation, lattice Schwarzian KdV equation, and other equations.
5200h agoA new method derives exact solutions to nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations by transforming them into linear equations and using a recursive approach and multiplicative inverse of power series.
5200h agoThe impedance matrix of complex electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
5200h agoThe number of $\epsilon$-switches for any given initial opinion distribution is always finite, and the Hegselmann-Krause opinion dynamics shows identical opinion evolution between consecutive $\epsilon$-switches, with the dynamics remaining unchanged under positive-affine transformations of the initial distribution.
5200h agoThe large N limit of spectral duality exists between rational Gaudin models, which corresponds to a 2d hydrodynamics on a torus, and its dual model is a large N limit of the gl_M Gaudin model with irregular singularities.
5200h agoMigration, environmental fluctuations, and spatial structure affect the evolution of microbial populations, with the mutant fixation probability depending on the rate of migration and exhibiting a non-monotonic dependence on the switching rate between harsh and mild environmental conditions.
5200h agoEntanglement entropy difference between half-filled and near-half-filled ground states reveals topological phase transitions in disordered systems.
5200h agoThe global steady-state distributions of many systems approximately satisfy an analogue of the Boltzmann distribution, with a local dynamical property of states playing the role of energy.
5200h agoThe impedance matrix of complex electromagnetic wave scattering systems follows universal scaling laws that relate its properties to the system's excitation frequency, mode density, loss factor, and port characteristics.
5200h agoSymmetry classification of quadratic Lindbladians with particle conservation reveals 27 non-Hermitian symmetry classes, with 22 classes leading to infinite-temperature steady states and 5 classes corresponding to specific Hermitian steady-state symmetry classes.
5200h agoThe study provides asymptotic equations that characterize the best possible learning performance for reconstructing a structured signal matrix from noisy observations, with the number of samples needed being proportional to the number of entries in the matrix.
5200h agoThe perceived duration of visual stimuli is affected by their memorability and speed, with more memorable or faster stimuli making time feel longer, and this in turn affects how well they are recalled later.
5204h agoResomapper simplifies quantitative MRI analysis by integrating established processing libraries into a unified, user-friendly workflow, allowing for reproducible and accessible image analysis.
5204h agoElevated magnesium levels cause a dose-dependent loss of complex activity in networks of neurons, leading to more integrated and constant dynamics.
5208h agoA deep neural network, trained on congruent audiovisual speech, perceives incongruent auditory and visual syllables as a third, illusory syllable, similar to humans, and shows human-like variability in its responses.
5208h agoThe octopamine receptor AgOct{beta}2R controls different aspects of mosquito reproduction in a sexually dimorphic manner, and its manipulation could disrupt mosquito reproduction at multiple levels.
5208h agoMitochondrial gene changes are associated with Parkinson's disease and may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
5208h agoPharmacological enhancement of parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneuron activity reduces tau accumulation and neuronal loss in a tauopathy mouse model.
5208h agoNeurotypical children's executive function profiles differ, with two distinct patterns emerging: one group produces fewer designs but maintains a stable production pattern, while the other group is initially more productive but later makes more repetition errors and declines in design production.
5212h agoScientists developed a new method that links the genetic sequence of opsins to their function, enabling more efficient characterization of large opsin libraries.
5212h agoDivisive normalization in mouse visual cortex emerges from the interplay of excitation and inhibition, with heterogeneity in suppression strength linked to population correlations, variability in excitatory-inhibitory balance, and suppression of both subcortical and local cortical inputs.
5212h agoAn RNA aptamer called 1R6 prevents the aggregation of a protein called synuclein, which is involved in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, by targeting specific motifs and promoting disaggregation of preformed fibrils.
5212h agoProprioceptive Ia afferents initially connect with motor neurons across spinal segments, but then eliminate excess connections to become specific to the same segment through a process involving proprioceptor activity and C1qA-mediated elimination.
5216h agoCue-evoked dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core supports reward predictions to shape adaptive reward pursuit strategy, constraining exploratory reward-seeking motivation in favor of a more focal reward-checking strategy.
5216h agoHCN-governed membrane properties and sensitivity to delta/theta band frequencies are conserved in supragranular pyramidal neurons across at least 36 million years of primate evolution.
5216h agoThe CaMKII interactome, a network of protein interactions, is conserved across different organisms and evolved to specialize in synaptic signalling with the alpha-isoform, originally formed for neurosecretion.
5216h agoThe presence of overlapping signals from multiple individuals makes it hard for animals to distinguish between different sounds.
5216h agoMicroglia have two distinct inflammatory states controlled by specific transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms that enable their inflammatory functions in the demyelinating brain.
5216h agoMechanical tension improves neural communication by enhancing synaptic efficiency, leading to faster memory recall and better cognitive performance.
5220h agoSocial touch activates a brain circuit that reduces aggression by connecting the posterior intralaminar thalamic nucleus to the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus.
5220h agoThe DW-SSFP signal can be corrected for subject motion by using a framework that estimates and adjusts for motion, allowing for robust diffusion coefficient estimation and accurate tensor reconstruction.
5220h agoParkinson's disease brain tissue contains a higher number of neurons with excessive oligomer aggregation, which may contribute to early pathology.
5220h agoAstrocytes in the human brain have different expression patterns in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease with dementia, showing disease- and region-specific signatures.
5228h agoMCA, a Multicellular Analysis toolkit, enables users to easily extract calcium dynamics from functional imaging data, working with widely used open-source software ImageJ.
5228h agoThe extrastriate body area (EBA) encodes the speed of human body motion implied in scenes, with implied motion being the primary contributor to its semantic representations.
5228h agoNociception in cephalopods involves 51 genes that are also found in other animals, which can help understand how octopuses experience pain.
5228h agoPMAT facilitates the extinction of generalized fear and enhances biological sex differences in fear responses, particularly in females, which may have implications for understanding anxiety disorders.
5228h agoBodies respond physiologically to others' emotions, with moderate responses occurring even without conscious perception, and distinct responses emerging once visual awareness is established.
5228h agoAdult microglia from mice with Alzheimer's disease show exaggerated activation, increased engulfment of synaptic material, and heightened expression of proinflammatory genes when stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and this is regulated by complement-dependent pathways.
5228h agoReduced white matter integrity in cerebello-thalamo-cortical loops is associated with poorer executive function performance in an age-dependent fashion, especially in older adults.
5240h agoThe ventral anterior temporal lobe represents complex semantic information through an interdependent, dynamic code, and similar representations are also found in posterior temporal and occipitotemporal cortex.
5240h agoThe peak alpha rhythm frequency increases with age in both sensorimotor and association regions, while intrinsic neural timescale decreases with age only in association regions, and a strong negative relationship between them is found specifically in association regions.
5244h agoAbnormalities in inner speech may cause psychotic symptoms, such as hearing voices, because the brain fails to properly distinguish between self-generated and external input.
5244h agoThe neural representations of object and event concepts in the brain share a common representational code, with both categories represented in overlapping areas of the association cortex.
5244h agoThe basal ganglia inputs to the prefrontal cortex combine direct and modulatory connections to regulate cortical activity during cognition.
5244h agoThe R47H variant of the TREM2 gene increases synaptic density in the hippocampus during early development by reducing microglial ability to remove inactive synapses.
5244h agoCajal Retzius cells and external tufted cells share similar characteristics and likely evolved from cells involved in olfactory processing in early vertebrates.
5244h agoPeople adjust their strategy of using recognizable features to infer the value of new things based on how stable or changing their environment is.
5244h agoHippocampal place cells and somatostatin-positive interneurons balance stability and plasticity through different mechanisms, with place cells changing their representations over time and in response to new environments, while interneurons show stable firing properties but increase activity in new environments.
5244h agoSerotonin differentially affects different types of inhibitory neurons in the olfactory system of Drosophila, adjusting the dynamic range of output neurons and reducing noise in odor representations.
5244h agoThe morphologies of neurons determine the structured, non-random connectivity in neuronal networks, which can be explained by individual neurons covering a small, spatially continuous part of the space.
5244h agoIndividual differences in how people represent concepts in their brains are systematic and measurable, and vary greatly, especially in areas that process social information.
5244h agoThe prefrontal cortex, specifically the orbitofrontal cortex, plays a key role in tracking sound regularities and forming expectations to guide perception and behavior.
5244h agoSynchronous bimodal sensory stimulation at a slow frequency accelerates the oscillation frequency of neurons in the basolateral nucleus of amygdala, but this effect is transient and reversible.
5244h agoREM sleep delta waves change with age and Alzheimer's disease, shifting from fast sawtooth waves to slow NREM-like waves, which is linked to impaired memory and associated with amyloid-beta, tau burden, and genetic risk for Alzheimer's.
5244h agoMaterial engagement theory suggests that craftwork relies on interacting with materials, rather than detailed internal planning, to guide the creative process.
5244h agoA simple model using deep learning classifies electroencephalography (EEG) signals by integrating connectivity patterns and identifies important features to predict Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) with approximately 76% accuracy.
5244h agoThe Schrodinger bridge approach effectively reconstructs neural signals from noisy data by modeling the noise accumulation process and decoding the true signal.
5244h agoIdentifiability analysis helps evaluate the reliability of digital twin models for disease prediction, and its application to an Alzheimer's Disease model reveals that data quality and model structure affect parameter estimation, with differences in identifiability across diagnostic groups and variability in disease progression.
5248h agoPersonalized models of brain stimulation show that frontal anodal stimulation targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region is more effective than posterior stimulation in delaying neurophysiological deterioration in Alzheimer's disease patients.
5248h agoOngoing topics and discussions at conferences in computational chemistry are reflected on.
5252h agoA cost-effective strategy called surrogate functional false discovery rates increases power in genome-wide association studies by leveraging genetic correlations between related traits.
5252h agoOscillations and functional connectivity in the brain best match real observations when the brain's neural networks operate in a meta-stable regime with small delays and realistic oscillation lifetimes.
5252h agoClosed-loop intrathalamic projections between thalamocortical relay neurons and inhibitory neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus best reproduce thalamic spiking and local field potential responses across awake and sleep states.
5252h agoA five-cell-type human neurovascular culture system reveals that traumatic brain injury leads to chronic neurovascular dysfunction through a biphasic response of acute endothelial disintegration and delayed, incomplete repair.
5252h agoA new technique called mFISH3D enables the visualization of multiple types of mRNAs in intact organs, such as the mouse and human brain, allowing for a comprehensive investigation of cellular ecosystems and vulnerabilities in diseases.
5252h agoClaudin-like protein CLC-3 regulates motor system output by influencing synaptic vesicle organization and cholinergic signalling in neurons.
5252h agoPsilocybin reorganizes directed interactions in the brain, particularly outgoing influences from the left hippocampus, while preserving structure-based scaling, and links these changes to individual differences in the psychedelic experience.
5252h agoStreamline Density Normalization (SDNorm) reduces variability in bundle reconstructions, improving the reproducibility of tractometry analysis across different image acquisition protocols and tractography settings.
5252h agoCyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) inhibitors with promising activity are identified, providing a potential starting point for developing treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
5252h agoEvolutionary search metaheuristics outperform approximate Bayesian computation in calibrating neural mass models to recreate brain activity, offering a more efficient and accurate method for understanding brain dynamics.
5252h agoTemperature fluctuations alter neuronal excitability, leading to narrower and higher-frequency spikes with reduced amplitudes, and ultimately causing a loss of sustained firing via temperature-induced depolarization block.
5252h agoSpeech disfluency in early childhood is linked to localized structural differences in brain regions that support motor planning and cognitive control.
5252h agoSemantic composition changes the brain's neural representations of concepts, and the way concepts are combined affects how the brain's semantic network is used.
5256h agoMemories encoded at different times can be linked together in the brain if they occur within certain time frames, and this linking is associated with increased activity in the hippocampus and amygdala.
5260h agoFunctional PET (fPET) with high temporal resolution enables accurate imaging of molecular connectivity, and a new preprocessing approach, CompCor, improves the reliability of estimating metabolic connectivity from fPET data.
5260h agoScientists developed a CRISPR screening platform to study mouse brain cells and used it to identify genes and pathways necessary for neuronal survival.
5264h agoTwo strains of the protein alpha-synuclein can interact and work together to accelerate the progression of disease in mice, leading to a shortened disease onset.
5264h agoShank3 loss disrupts normal brain activity in taste processing, leading to inefficient learning and updating of behaviors in response to negative outcomes.
5264h agoStimulation of local excitatory or inhibitory neurons modulates theta power in a phase-dependent manner, with continuous stimulation of excitatory cells leading to stronger modulation.
5264h agoThe complement system, particularly the complement component3 (C3), is upregulated in mice with a genetic deletion associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, leading to hyperactive behavior and a pro-inflammatory environment in the brain.
5264h agoHouseflies maintain visual accuracy during ultrafast motion through a mechanism called synaptic high-frequency jumping, which allows their visual neurons to sample and transmit information at extremely high rates.
5268h agoFrontal midline theta oscillations play a role in the flexible updating of statistical regularities, allowing people to adaptively reorganize their mental representations of prior experiences.
5268h agoThe visual system prepares ahead of time for relevant upcoming events by enhancing early visual responses, allowing for efficient memory-guided selection of important information.
5268h agoPeople with obsessive-compulsive disorder show weaker activation in certain brain areas and stronger activation in other areas during executive control tasks.
5268h agoNeural progenitors in the neonatal subventricular zone have distinctive molecular profiles that differ from neural stem cells, with specific genes and transcription factors expressed in different progenitor subsets.
5268h agoThe brain organizes working memory representations based on environmental structure, switching between relational and item-based coding strategies to maximize coding efficiency.
5268h agoThe brain's ability to make rhythmic and melodic predictions while listening to music is influenced by individual differences in auditory-motor interactions, with people who are better at synchronizing sounds showing stronger neural tracking of rhythmic predictions.
5268h agoHippocampal activity is necessary for working memory maintenance, as disrupting it impairs performance and disrupts neural representations that support memory.
5268h agoCombining data from multiple patients allows speech brain-computer interfaces to be trained more quickly and accurately, improving communication for people with neuromotor disorders.
5268h agoSemantic elaboration enhances episodic memory formation by influencing neural oscillations, specifically by speeding up information processing and modulating alpha-beta oscillations during encoding and retrieval.
5268h agoThe tdc2+ adrenergic-like system modulates competition among central pattern generating networks controlling locomotion in Drosophila larvae by promoting forward locomotion and suppressing backwards locomotion.
5268h agoMitochondria delivery to motor nerve terminals is required for Drosophila larvae to sustain body-wall contractions.
5268h agoA specific neural circuit in the brain directly senses internal energy levels and modulates sweet sensation by inhibiting the neurons that detect sweetness.
5268h agoMice and humans assess the intensity of smells using a common perceptual scale, and this scale corresponds to the actual intensity of the odor.
5268h agoA diet enriched with berries prevents motor deficits and protects brain cells in mice with Parkinson's disease-like symptoms.
5268h agoDownregulating a key glycolytic enzyme called Pyruvate kinase (Pyk) in clock cells disrupts the circadian rhythm by reducing a protein called Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) through a regulatory pathway involving TARANIS (TARA), leading to a shorter circadian period.
5268h agoThe posterior segments of larval Drosophila melanogaster coordinately power the piston phase of crawling, while anterior segments allow for greater flexibility to enable reorienting behaviors.
5268h agoA clinically deployable AI system using 2D brain MRI data accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease severity and provides clinically meaningful visualizations of model decision-making.
5268h agoPurposeful behavior relies on world models where descriptive and prescriptive aspects co-emerge from an agent's goal through interaction with the environment.
5272h agoHuman brains need dynamic binding, multi-place predicates, and structure mapping to enable symbolic thought, which is a key difference between human and most animal brains.
5272h agoThe brain uses lateral predictive coding to construct internal representations of salient features in sensory signals, balancing energetic cost and information robustness.
5272h agoFlexible tool selection is enabled by a new framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, achieving 74% accuracy in tool selection tasks.
5272h agoA systematic search method identifies Hirota bilinear systems for nonlinear evolution equations, and finds that different solutions of the same class are associated with a single bilinear system.
5272h agoThe logistic map with a specific parameter value generates sequences with ideal statistical properties for channel estimation schemes, making it suitable for use in coding and transmission systems.
5272h agoNon-Hermitian perturbations transform point-like Dirac monopoles into extended monopole distributions with distinct charge configurations.
5272h agoA new framework called GEN2 accurately forecasts extreme event statistics in climate change scenarios by combining a prediction step with a machine-learning correction step.
5272h agoThe study investigates a variant of the Saltzman-Maasch model for Pleistocene glacial cycles and identifies Hopf and Bautin bifurcations that govern the emergence of stable and unstable limit cycles.
5272h agoPhysical systems can store information in many different ways, and the landscape of 2D many-body memories is vast, with diverse types of memories that can correct errors, stabilize phases, and preserve information under various conditions.
5272h agoInteractions between multiple pathogens during an epidemic can be understood using new models that capture two-pathogen dynamics with spatial diffusion and cross-diffusion.
5272h agoThe matrix analogue of the logistic map converges to the invariant measure of the logistic map for an arbitrary initial ensemble of hermitian random matrices.
5272h ago2D cellular automata can generate 3D terrains through a simple additive approach, producing navigable landscapes suitable for game terrain generation.
5272h agoDisorder correlations in certain high-dimensional graphs lead to robust multifractality in eigenstates, characterised by a broad distribution of inverse participation ratios and an emergent fragmentation into one-dimensional chains.
5272h agoThe ground-state quantum metric and average localization length are proportional in one-dimensional systems near criticality, and a novel insulating state called superdielectric emerges with a finite quantum metric and divergent static electric susceptibility.
5272h agoThe preparation of long-range entangled states via quantum measurements depends on the readout protocol and exhibits a rich phase structure with transitions between short-range entangled, long-range entangled, and mixed states.
5272h agoCP2K is a versatile open-source software package that can simulate a wide range of atomistic systems using quantum-mechanical and classical simulation methods to compute static and dynamical properties.
5272h agoThe brain uses lateral predictive coding to construct internal representations of salient features in sensory signals, balancing energetic cost and information robustness.
5272h agoEcological feedbacks allow invading species and their parents to coexist by driving the extinction of low-abundance species, with a new concept of "dressed invasion fitness" helping to explain this phenomenon.
5272h agoThe spin-opstring, a compact representation of QMC simulation cells, effectively captures phase transitions and predicts superfluid density in quantum systems using machine learning.
5272h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
5272h agoHematological malignancies and cardiovascular diseases increase the risk of early-onset cerebral beta-amyloidosis, likely due to vascular injury.
5272h agoTemperature fluctuations alter neuronal excitability by accelerating gating dynamics, leading to narrower and higher-frequency spikes, reduced amplitudes, and ultimately a loss of sustained firing.
5272h agoAnts produce a single functional odorant receptor from large arrays of related genes through a regulatory mechanism involving non-canonical transcription and bidirectional promoters.
5276h agoMultimodal language models have limitations in chemistry and materials research.
5280h agoAn artificial intelligence model uses language models and molecular perturbations to overcome data scarcity in RNA drug development.
5280h agoAlcohol use increases Alzheimer's disease pathology by changing brain circuits and protein accumulation in a way that depends on the type of protein involved.
5280h agoBrain functions for binocular convergent eye movements involve highly distributed network pathways, with some pathways contributing more than others.
5280h agoHeterozygous pathogenic variants in the DHDDS gene cause a rare genetic disease characterized by developmental delay, seizures, and movement abnormalities.
5280h agoOlder adults show lower motor performance quality than younger adults, especially in challenging bimanual tasks, due to age-related changes in brain activity, particularly in the left premotor cortex and bilateral parietal areas.
5280h agoHigh working-memory load while driving causes slower reaction times, poorer accuracy, and compensatory driving behaviors, and is linked to specific changes in brain activity and eye movements.
5280h agoDeleting a protein called HDAC2 in brain cells promotes the growth of new blood vessels and helps repair damaged brain tissue after a stroke.
5280h agoNegative affectivity, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, influences the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory, with individuals having higher levels showing greater gains.
5280h agoHeart rate variability is linked to respiratory cycles and temporarily changes in response to specific conditions, and its relationship with perceptual performance shows that different components of heart rate modulation have opposing effects on visual perception.
5280h agoThe perirhinal cortex plays a critical role in processing tactile information by transforming detailed sensory features into abstract and invariant representations.
5280h agoThe study identifies five genes - Ephb2, En2, Cadps2, Igsf21, and Cep170 - as potential modifiers of epilepsy susceptibility, which target neurodevelopmental processes not currently addressed by existing treatments.
5284h agoWhite matter neurons are present in human long-range white matter tracts, including the uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum, with varying densities.
5284h agoScientists developed a method called WHOLISTIC to record the activity of all cells in the body at the same time, and used it to discover new responses of specific cell types to stimuli, interactions between organs, and brain-body interactions.
5284h agoChronic brain infection and IL-1 exposure impair spatial memory by triggering DNA double-strand break signaling in hippocampal neurons.
5288h agoThe cortical body map remains stable after arm amputation, with no evidence of hand or face reorganization, challenging theories of brain remapping after limb loss.
5288h agoA new method called Activity Coefficient-based Channel Selection (ACCS) selects the most useful EEG channels to improve brain-computer interface accuracy by identifying a reusable set of channels that work across different applications.
5296h agoSpike-based control signals cause learning to collapse in artificial sensor-motor systems when the number of motor neurons or independent synaptic bundles exceeds a critical limit.
5296h agoHigher prompt engineering literacy is associated with distinct neural signatures, including increased functional connectivity in brain regions such as the left middle temporal gyrus and the left frontal pole.
5296h agoIntelligence emerges from the structured reuse of prior inference trajectories, and can be modeled using Memory-Amortized Inference (MAI), a framework that views cognition as inference over latent cycles in memory.
5296h agoCalculating the Lyapunov exponent helps understand how chaos develops in cardiac systems and can be effectively applied to action potential duration data to quantify complexity.
5296h agoCompeting short-range repulsion and long-range attractive forces cause agents in a plane to form vacuum regions that can turn into fissures or bubbles, which may then transition to isolated particle clusters.
5296h agoSpike-based control signals cause learning to collapse in artificial sensor-motor systems when the number of motor neurons or independent synaptic bundles exceeds a critical limit.
5296h agoConformally symplectic diffeomorphisms reveal deep interactions between a manifold's topology, a map's dynamics, and the geometry of invariant manifolds, with the conformal factors related to topological properties and restricted to algebraic numbers on some manifolds.
5296h agoThe propagation speed of fronts moving into unstable states is not solely determined by the leading edge behavior, as the state left behind in the wake of the front can be different from what is predicted by this behavior.
5296h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks.
5296h agoThe study constructs spin lattice models with four-spin and three-spin interactions using duality transformations of the star-square relation and the generalized star-triangle relation for Ising-like lattice spin models.
5296h agoThe study derives a hierarchy that describes the time evolution of local observables in many-body Hamiltonian systems, combining integrable contact interactions with long-range potentials, and validates it with molecular-dynamics simulations.
5296h agoSelf-organization in complex systems leads to emergent properties, and a Complex System Response (CSR) function can predict system-level properties by revealing a link between element interactions and emergent properties.
5296h agoA binary decision process model simulates how individual interactions influence pre-evacuation time in crowds, combining opinion dynamics with phase transition to describe group behavior.
5296h agoA topologically trivial intermediate regime emerges in interacting non-Hermitian quasiperiodic lattices, where states are primarily multifractal and have a fully real spectrum, before transitioning to a non-Hermitian many-body localization regime.
5296h agoNeural quantum states require high-order correlations, even for simple product states, to faithfully represent a quantum state.
5296h agoThe solvability of exactly fitting an ellipsoid to n standard Gaussian random vectors in d-dimensional space sharply transitions at a threshold of n/d^2 = 1/4.
5296h agoMachine learning models predict electron density in concentrated alloys across composition space, enabling accelerated exploration of material properties.
5296h agoThe modern Hopfield network model, when adapted to an open quantum system, exhibits qualitatively distinct behaviors, including additional stable fixed points in ferromagnetic and limit cycle phases.
5296h agoQuasi-second-order optimization methods outperform first-order methods in variational Monte Carlo calculations when the wavefunction is sufficiently expressive to represent the ground-state.
5296h agoDepression has five unique phenotypes, each with distinct symptom profiles and brain activity patterns, identified through magnetoencephalography (MEG) and machine learning analysis.
5300h agoPeople's cognitive styles, which reflect how they balance prior knowledge and sensory evidence, change across their lifespan, with older adults tending to rely more on sensory information and less on prior knowledge.
5300h agoSleep and retrieval training do not enhance weakly encoded memories, and sigma power, a proxy for sleep spindles, has a negative impact on memory outcomes, with retrieval training and restudy leading to better memory results than sleep and wake interventions.
5304h agoIntravenous delivery of a gene therapy that helps restore TDP-43 function in motor neurons slows disease progression and prevents paralysis in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
5304h agoRetrieval training, but not sleep, leads to greater accuracy for identifying old memories, but makes it harder to distinguish similar false memories.
5304h agoWhite matter microstructure in the human brain increases during childhood and adolescence, then remains stable in early adulthood, and gradually declines from midlife onwards, with genetic variations influencing these changes.
5304h agoRapid Invisible Frequency Tagging (RIFT) can be reliably implemented using an affordable 480 Hz OLED monitor and low-density EEG equipment to study neural responses to almost imperceptible flicker.
5304h agoEEG waveform patterns can serve as biomarkers to predict genotypes related to neurological diseases, specifically epilepsy, with a machine learning approach achieving 70% accuracy in predicting mouse strain and 67% sensitivity in identifying epilepsy-genotype.
5304h agoCortical thickness changes occur years before amyloid levels become abnormal, contradicting the idea that high amyloid levels are the first sign of Alzheimer's disease.
5304h agoLoss of MECP2 function causes delayed puberty by disrupting normal development of reproductive hormones and neurons that control puberty.
5308h agoA large language model-based agent called SciToolAgent enables automated and effective execution of scientific research workflows by orchestrating scientific tools via a knowledge graph.
5312h agoAmyloid positivity affects white matter pathways in the brain, causing localized microstructural abnormalities, which are potentially mediated by tau and lead to degeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
5312h agoThe human hippocampus has a hybrid organization, with both discrete anatomical subfields and continuous functional gradients, that work together across different spatial scales.
5316h agoThe multisensory network's functional organization and its connections to other brain networks relate more strongly to clinical sensory issues than to specific neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
5316h agoThe hippocampus encodes visual attributes in a flexible format, and brain areas including ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and primary visual cortex combine neural patterns for familiar stimuli to represent novel stimuli.
5316h agoThe brain's white matter pathways, particularly those connected to the supplementary motor area, predict individual differences in effort and reward sensitivity, which shape goal-directed behavior.
5316h agoDopamine neurons in the midbrain use glycogen as a fuel store to maintain their function under low-energy conditions, and dopamine itself regulates this process.
5316h agoThe neural encoding of facial expressions remains robust and unchanged when people view faces with or without 3D depth cues.
5316h agoBehavioral task demands increase neural responses to target locations both inside and outside the receptive fields of auditory cortical neurons.
5316h agoDifferences in sensory circuitry drive variation in mate preferences, fueling the evolution of reproductive barriers between species.
5316h agoSensory inner hair cells develop specialized scaffolds called synaptic ribbons through a dynamic process that requires synaptic activity.
5316h agoSleep helps shift emotional generalization from negative to positive, promoting a more positive emotional response to neutral stimuli.
5316h agoSwine brains have many immature cells that can develop into new neurons and migrate to different areas, suggesting a high capacity for postnatal brain plasticity and regeneration.
5316h agoProbabilistic tractography produces more consistent bundle shapes across subjects, but may miss subtle pathological changes, whereas deterministic tractography may be more sensitive to these changes.
5316h agoOngoing thoughts during rest are reflected in brain connectivity patterns, which predict individual differences in behavior and everyday experiences.
5316h agoEarly treatment with gene therapy that targets the central nervous system is key to effectively treating Niemann-Pick disease, type C, with best results achieved when treatment is given to neonates.
5316h agoThe aging mouse brain shows dynamic changes in protein and mRNA levels, including decreased mitochondrial function and deteriorating translation efficiency, which are linked to changes in protein properties and predispose to neurodegeneration.
5316h agoA new method called IHC/LCM-Seq identifies 14,000-16,000 transcripts in specific brain cells, revealing distinct gene expression patterns in appetite-regulating neurons.
5316h agoActivation of specific female interneurons triggers vaginal plate opening, a behavior that signals receptivity to mating in Drosophila females.
5316h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a key role in mediating expectation-driven opioid analgesic tolerance by suppressing pain relief in certain contexts.
5316h agoA new analysis system called TWARDIS uses artificial intelligence to accurately and automatically analyze images of Caenorhabditis elegans, overcoming limitations of traditional methods and enabling high-definition postural and neural analysis.
5316h agoThe choroid plexus, a structure that helps regulate the brain environment, shows sex differences in its cells, secretory signals, and function, which may play a role in health and disease.
5316h agoAccurate neuron localization improves spike sorting and probe reliability in brain-machine interfaces, and simple algorithms are more robust to noise and electrode degradation than complex ones.
5320h agoEye blinks while reading music can uniquely identify the music being read, with accuracy above chance level, even when listening to or imagining music.
5320h agoLearning based on synaptic plasticity follows a stochastic process, and a probabilistic framework that includes spike-time-resolving cross-correlations between pre- and postsynaptic spikes accurately captures the dynamics of synaptic weights and memory capacity.
5320h agoCombining functional ultrasound imaging with a convolutional neural network allows for data-driven identification and regional mapping of drug effects on the brain while preserving anatomical context and physiological relevance.
5320h agoMR-LFADS, a new data-driven model, disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved areas, and local neural activity, leading to more accurate portraits of inter-regional communication.
5320h agoThe Watanabe-Strogatz theory provides a unified description of identical Kuramoto oscillator models with pairwise and higher-order interactions, showing that their dynamics are equivalent to mean-field parameters and that basin boundaries for synchronization are determined by the poles of the M\"obius transformation.
5320h agoGrid-based Bayesian Estimation Exploiting Sparsity algorithm is optimized for CPU and GPU implementation, achieving over 1000 times speedup in propagating probability distributions through Lorenz models.
5320h agoSums of iterates of the dissipative one-dimensional z logistic map converge to q-Gaussian distributions, which relate to the nonadditive entropic functional Sq, with a derived formula predicting the entropic index based on the nonlinearity order.
5320h agoPhotonic-crystal resonators enable solitons to be generated in a convenient and stable way, and their dynamics can be understood to optimize soliton formation for various applications.
5320h agoDyMixOp, a novel neural operator framework, transforms infinite-dimensional nonlinear PDE dynamics into a finite-dimensional latent space, capturing nonlinear interactions and enhancing physical interpretability.
5320h agoNonlinear compression of a long wavepacket occurs during its Bragg reflection from a domain of gradually increasing, periodically placed barriers, forming a short and tall packet of standing waves.
5320h agoAn electronic lattice with flat bands was constructed and used to generate compact localized states, which were excited and studied, revealing good agreement with theoretical predictions.
5320h agoKrylov complexity effectively identifies chaotic and integrable phases in open quantum systems, in agreement with complex spectral statistics and complex spacing ratios.
5320h agoThe connection problem for isomonodromic tau functions on the one-punctured torus is solved by deriving the connection constant and relating it to the Virasoro modular kernel and canonical transformations on the character variety.
5320h agoThe Kuralay equations, including Kuralay-I and Kuralay-II, are gauge equivalent and have integrable motion of space curves, with soliton solutions obtained through the Hirota bilinear method.
5320h agoSimultaneous symmetry breaking in spontaneous Floquet states leads to the emergence of Floquet-Nambu-Goldstone modes with zero quasi-energy, including a genuine temporal mode that provides a rare realization of a time operator in Quantum Mechanics.
5320h agoA quantum microscope based on chaotic dynamics can amplify small differences between qubit states, enabling their distinguishability and pushing the limits of precision in quantum metrology.
5320h agoA proposed generative model of temporally-evolving hypergraphs reproduces key features of empirical hypergraphs, defines a likelihood over a complete hypergraph, and achieves competitive link prediction performance with large neural networks.
5320h agoMode-locking in a multi-timescale regime is achieved on a chip using topological photonics, allowing for synchronization and independently tunable states.
5320h agoThe butterfly velocity increases with temperature and decreases with chemical potential in holographic QCD models for thermodynamically stable phases.
5320h agoA new computational method uses machine learning to quickly predict which high entropy oxides can be synthesized, speeding up the discovery of new compounds.
5320h agoAutoregressive neural networks can accurately calculate thermal observables of quantum systems when used with a modified framework that mitigates numerical instabilities.
5320h agoThe model of interacting spins on a random cubic graph exhibits a localization transition, characterized by changes in entanglement entropy and spectrum, and marked by the failure of eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
5320h agoLearning based on synaptic plasticity follows a stochastic process, and a probabilistic framework that includes spike-time-resolving cross-correlations between pre- and postsynaptic spikes accurately captures the dynamics of synaptic weights and memory capacity.
5320h agoPrincipal component analysis effectively captures polarized distributions in high-dimensional binary state spaces, enabling the assessment of projected vertices and error bounds.
5320h agoA postprocessing method converts continuous solutions from column generation into feasible 0-1 solutions, enabling faster computation of high-quality approximate solutions.
5320h agoThe SYK chain model shows efficient information scrambling and thermalization in individual energy eigenstates, despite exhibiting slow thermalization in entanglement dynamics.
5320h agoDepression increases sensitivity to unpleasant odors and triggers avoidance behavior, which is linked to neuroinflammation in brain areas that process smells.
5320h agoPeople with more symptoms of apathy and anhedonia have lower expectations of achieving goals, but surprisingly, they perform better in goal-directed behaviors.
5320h agoThe core region of the amygdala encodes emotional valence primarily through a global activation signal, not through separate clusters of positive and negative voxels.
5320h agoThe amygdala plays a causal role in resolving emotional ambiguity, and disrupting its activity causes people to approach neutral, emotionally ambiguous faces more similarly to happy faces.
5320h agoFemale mice exhibit depression-like behaviors, including social withdrawal and anxiety, after experiencing chronic social defeat stress, which is linked to changes in brain chemistry and function.
5324h agoHuman cortical progenitors transplanted into a damaged mouse motor cortex mature and integrate into neural circuits, forming functional connections with target areas.
5324h agoA direct neural connection between the gut and pancreas helps regulate glucose metabolism by increasing insulin secretion and improving glucose tolerance through a circuit of nitridergic myenteric neurons.
5324h agoIncreased occurrence of 2:1 alpha-theta frequency ratios during working memory reflects functional segregation between frontal and parietal regions.
5332h agoFruit flies use a special pathway in their legs to sense the stiffness of fruit and choose the softer patches to lay their eggs.
5332h agoTrust in artificial intelligence is shaped by internal confidence signals and evaluative processing of feedback.
5332h agoThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in helping people learn new relationships by using prior knowledge of relational structures to make inferences.
5332h agoSelf-motion is a strong predictor of visual feedback, and humans exhibit robust visuomotor mismatch responses in their cortex, characterized by a distinct polarity and greater signal power.
5332h agoIFNAR1 loss leads to Parkinson's Disease with Dementia-like symptoms, including neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and behavioral deficits, in mice, with distinct effects seen when IFNAR1 is lost in neurons versus astrocytes.
5336h agoThe Nav1.2-L1342P mutation causes increased excitability in neurons, disrupts synaptic functions, and leads to network hyperexcitability, contributing to SCN2A-related epilepsy.
5336h agoThe brain uses two separate mechanisms to learn complex patterns from noisy environments: a fast process that predicts upcoming events and a slower process that consolidates knowledge into stable neural representations.
5336h agoThe brain proactively reorganizes its functional connections in anticipation of oxygen decline, rather than in response to it, by selectively synchronizing high-level cognitive networks.
5336h agoElements of a movement sequence are pre-ordered in parallel competitively before execution, and this competitive queueing process is associated with skilled performance, even when individual movements are fused together kinematically.
5336h agoCognitive reappraisal's neural mechanisms do not closely relate to individual differences in reappraisal capabilities, and common measures of reappraisal abilities capture distinct facets of emotion regulation.
5336h agoMutations affecting proteasome function cause impaired neuronal development through overproduction of polyamines, which can be reversed by inhibiting the enzyme Ornithine decarboxylase.
5340h agoThe interaction between medial prefrontal cortex and lateral entorhinal cortex is required for both encoding and retrieval of associative recognition memory, and a direct connection from medial prefrontal cortex to lateral entorhinal cortex is critical for this type of memory.
5340h agoComa after acute ischemic stroke results from lesions to both the brainstem and thalamus, and these dual-node subcortical lesions are necessary and sufficient to produce coma.
5340h agoSpiking Neural Networks with synaptic heterogeneity, modeled through synapse-specific time constants, improve performance across various tasks, exhibit robustness to noise, and enhance working memory, by allowing versatile timescale integration and capturing diverse synaptic dynamics.
5344h agoA new topological framework proposes that memory and inference are grounded in the structure of neural spike-timing dynamics, where memory is made of sparse, irreducible attractors that encode minimal, path-dependent units, and inference is a dynamic alignment between content and context.
5344h agoThe Brain-dynamic Convolutional-Network-based Embedding (BCNE) method uncovers diverse patterns in dynamic brain data by capturing brain-state trajectories and temporospatial correlations, effectively revealing interpretable information about brain function and behavior.
5344h agoClustered connections in neural networks lead to correlated dynamics, but a balance condition breaks when cluster sizes are highly heterogeneous, and reweighing connection strengths based on community sizes can restore balance.
5344h agoA unified mathematical framework combines noise-resistant processing and information maintenance through a recurrent neural circuit, enabling robust encoding and stable retention of inputs.
5344h agoSpiking networks develop distinct spatio-temporal activity patterns, characterized by synchronicity and separability, as they learn to classify visual inputs through error-correcting plasticity.
5344h agoA new neural network called FRE-RNN enables rapid and low-cost learning using Equilibrium Propagation, achieving performance similar to backpropagation in benchmark tasks.
5344h agoReplacing traditional perceptron neurons with biologically inspired probabilistic meta neurons improves the classification accuracy of spiking neural networks.
5344h agoA novel model called the Functional-Energetic Topology Model uncovers neurodynamic mechanisms of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) by identifying a key dysfunctional feedback loop that regulates somatic sensation.
5344h agoA novel technique called ASPEN enables neuromorphic systems to use less energy by reducing the number of spikes, making it suitable for ultra-low-power wearables.
5344h agoAction-unaware agents can achieve comparable performance to action-aware agents in navigation tasks, even when at a severe disadvantage.
5344h agoThoughtful construction of brain graphs from fMRI data improves classification accuracy in neuroimaging by systematically choosing data processing techniques.
5344h agoThe structure of neural network connections, not just the strength of individual connections, determines the collective activity of the network.
5344h agoHumans use a mix of walking and running when moving at speeds between 1.9 and 3.0 meters per second over long distances, and this mix is determined by energy efficiency.
5344h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate that neurons transmit, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions and providing accurate results.
5344h agoA novel brain model that accounts for hemisphere differences improves the accuracy of simulated brain activity in both healthy individuals and those with schizophrenia.
5344h agoA new computational framework called HOI-Brain uses higher-order interactions in brain regions to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism.
5344h agoThe study derives a framework that predicts the existence of inverse solutions for motor neuron identification and finds that increasing similarity of motor unit action potentials or correlation between spike trains increases bias for detecting high amplitude motor units.
5344h agoFlexible tool selection is achieved through a framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, with a model accuracy of 74%.
5344h agoTransformers develop in-context learning capability when trained on diverse tasks, allowing them to generalize to new tasks outside their training data.
5344h agoThe algebro-geometric theory of Painlev\'e equations solves the Painlev\'e identification problem for two examples by providing explicit coordinate transformations and Hamiltonians.
5344h agoThe study examines the dynamics of oscillons in 1-dimensional spacetime field theories, finding connections with previous studies and new insights into the reduced system and original system dynamics.
5344h agoThe Behavioural Swarms framework provides a comprehensive model of collective behaviour, where each particle's adaptive decision-making and heterogeneous behavioural states co-evolve through nonlocal interactions, predicting emergent macroscopic patterns from individual behaviours.
5344h agoA refined version of the discrete Painlev\'e identification problem helps describe a discrete Painlev\'e dynamic by going beyond surface type.
5344h agoThe high-frequency EEG spectra of the human brain show bi-stability and structural changes during epileptic episodes, with distinct differences in the gamma band between normal and seizure conditions.
5344h agoA novel three-stage framework improves image inpainting by accurately imaging specific objects, recovering structures, and refining textures, achieving competitive performance and robustness in various scenarios.
5344h agoThe Michaelis-Menten kinetics model reveals a stiffness behavior in all scenarios when inhibitory mechanisms are introduced, and shows that an inhibitor can act as an activator that favors product formation.
5344h agoA new topological framework proposes that memory and inference are grounded in the structure of neural spike-timing dynamics, where memory is made of sparse, irreducible attractors that encode minimal, path-dependent units, and inference is a dynamic alignment between content and context.
5344h agoBinomial maps allow stochastic evolution of population dynamics models, enabling analysis of finite-population effects like demographic noise and extinction.
5344h agoA nonlinear dimer-chain model exhibits quantized transport of kinks under periodic modulation, driven by instabilities in topological boundary modes.
5344h agoThe development of a quantum causal index reveals that causal influence in quantum systems propagates at a finite speed and shows coherent oscillations.
5344h agoA novel framework combines synchronization theory and multi-agent AI systems to describe how heterogeneous AI agents work together to execute complex tasks.
5344h agoThe periodic elliptic Ruijsenaars chain has a classical dynamical $r$-matrix structure that provides Liouville integrability, and its continuous non-relativistic limit reproduces a Maillet type non-ultralocal $r$-matrix structure for the elliptic Calogero-Moser model.
5344h agoThe improved method uses Bayesian optimization to automatically estimate partial differential equations and delay partial differential equations from data and yields robust predictive models.
5344h agoA new affective computing platform captures personalized statistical power from brief data samples by analyzing facial micropeaks from short videos and combining them with AI-driven face-grid estimation methods.
5344h agoSystems can proactively leverage environmental and social changes to reconfigure and adapt, leading to improved viability, through a process called allostatic and social allostatic regulation.
5344h agoThe quantum sinh-Gordon model on a multi-sheeted Riemann surface uses composite branch-point twist operators to help compute entanglement entropies, and this work develops a technique to calculate form factors of these operators in the semiclassical approximation.
5344h agoSpectral fluctuations in multilayer networks follow universal patterns, and the random matrix theory framework can characterize these patterns and probe the complexities of real-world networks.
5344h agoRare event algorithms can provide a quicker and cheaper way to assess climate risks by simulating extreme weather events, and have been adapted to work with sudden and transient events like heavy precipitation and heat extremes.
5344h agoA bijection is constructed between the state of the box-ball system and a pair of two sequences, with one sequence moving at speed 1 and the other following the rules of a linearized box-ball system.
5344h agoA field-theoretic model with a twelfth-degree polynomial potential has multiple topological sectors with kinks of different masses, and exhibits complex interaction forces and collision phenomena between kinks and antikinks.
5344h agoA new method can infer the network of synchronized and desynchronized oscillators from time series data, expanding the applicability of network inference to a wider class of oscillatory systems.
5344h agoHigher connection density in adaptive networks leads to both local clustering and global synchrony, while lower density networks tend to fragment into desynchronized clusters.
5344h agoA system can self-organize to operate on the verge of multiple phase transitions at the same time, allowing it to exhibit different critical behaviors simultaneously.
5344h agoA machine learning method estimates the largest Lyapunov exponent from one-dimensional chaotic time series by training a predictor to produce forecasts and inferring the exponent from forecast error growth.
5344h agoThe analysis presents a framework for calculating velocity correlations in compressible quantum fluids, identifying distinct signatures of short- and long-range correlations for vortices and rarefaction pulses.
5344h agoA novel brain model that accounts for hemisphere differences improves the accuracy of simulated brain activity in both healthy individuals and those with schizophrenia.
5344h agoChemical reaction networks have a thermodynamic cost function that ranks pathways based on maintenance and restriction costs, which decrease as reactions supporting the throughput current are added.
5344h agoChaotic instabilities occur before thermalization in weakly perturbed integrable many-body systems, and there are two distinct scenarios: confined chaos where chaos occurs while trajectories are still confined to certain regions, and deconfined chaos where chaos and thermalization happen on the same timescale.
5344h agoA new method called Scattering Backpropagation allows efficient measurement of approximated gradients for nonlinear optical neural networks, enabling training without requiring a mathematical model of the physical nonlinearity.
5344h agoCharge disorder in dielectric slabs causes a downward shift of an atom's energy levels, resulting in an attractive force that can compete with the Casimir-Polder force, with the shift decaying at different rates depending on whether the disorder is in the bulk or on the surface.
5344h agoTwo neural network-enhanced approaches, sample-based neural diagonalization and adaptive-basis sample-based neural diagonalization, efficiently estimate ground-state energies of quantum many-body systems by sampling relevant basis configurations and optimizing a basis transformation.
5344h agoAmorphous disorder in meta-materials leads to two kinds of localization: Anderson localization and compact, macroscopically degenerate localized states, which emerge due to the cooperation between the structure of the localized states and the geometry of the amorphous graph.
5344h agoThe dynamics of a one-dimensional local spin system generates entanglement at a slow rate, denoted by a $\log \, t$-law, when the system's behavior follows a Lieb-Robinson bound with a logarithmic lightcone.
5344h agoTopological Anderson insulators emerge in a one-dimensional spin-orbit coupled chain with Fibonacci modulation, transforming a trivial band structure into multiple topologically nontrivial phases with zero-energy modes and multifractal wave functions.
5344h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
5344h agoA strong coupling to a thermal bath can localize spins in a quantum interacting spin system, even when its many-body eigenstates are ergodic.
5344h agoDipolar interactions in a quasiperiodic potential give rise to a complex coexistence of localized and extended quantum states.
5344h agoThe structure of neural network connections, not just the strength of individual connections, determines the collective activity of the network.
5344h agoA new computational method called Moba-MIRA estimates the mutual information rate that neurons transmit, requiring only a few tens of stimulus repetitions and providing accurate results.
5344h agoTransformers develop in-context learning capability when trained on diverse tasks, allowing them to generalize to new tasks outside their training data.
5344h agoThe pinning transition in annealed and quenched systems occurs at different points in the thermodynamic limit.
5344h agoScientists have developed genetic tools to track and manipulate transmitter-specific vesicles in living worms, allowing them to map co-expression of vesicular transporters and show that over 10% of neurons exhibit co-transmission.
5348h agoBrain endothelial cells become senescent with aging, changing their metabolic profile and contributing to a leaky blood-brain barrier, which can lead to cerebrovascular diseases and dementia.
5348h agoAn adapted electronic von Frey device is more effective than a standard von Frey device in detecting knee joint pain behavior and evaluating pain relief treatments in osteoarthritis models.
5352h agoIctal chirp patterns in EEG recordings cluster among patients with shared clinical profiles and their spectral durations in seizure onset zones are associated with surgical outcomes.
5352h agoThe fasciola cinereum (FC) contains functionally distinct neurons that are less excitable than neighboring CA1 pyramidal cells, with properties shaped by Kv2.1 and Kv7 potassium channels.
5352h agoIschemic stroke causes changes in claudin-5 protein isoform expression, which correlates with blood-brain barrier dysfunction and poor neurological outcomes.
5352h agoA practical preprocessing pipeline effectively reduces artifacts and noise in single pulse TMS-iEEG data, allowing for cleaner signals to analyze intracranial TMS-evoked potentials.
5352h agoOlder and younger adults use different neural mechanisms to make fair decisions when interacting with others of similar or different ages.
5352h agoMutations in the hepaCAM gene disrupt its normal functioning in astrocytes, leading to changes in its distribution and protein interactions that may contribute to the development of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC).
5352h agoA new system enables simultaneous recording of over 10,000 neurons from the entire bilateral dorsal cortex at up to four depths using large field-of-view two-photon microscopy.
5352h agoTruncated isoforms of the human glutamate transporter EAA1 self-assemble into stable, beta-sheet-enriched oligomers, a structure that could play a role in neurodegeneration.
5352h agoNew methods can accurately extract neuronal spiking rates from mesoscale calcium imaging recordings by accounting for noise and calcium indicator dynamics.
5352h agoFoxp1 and Foxp2 help create diverse Purkinje cell subtypes, and Foxp1+ Purkinje cells are required for forming the cerebellar hemisphere.
5356h agoLoss of dopamine within the basal ganglia leads to changes in neuronal activity, and decreased TRPC3 conductance in SNr dendrites is a key factor in altered activity in the dopamine-depleted state.
5356h agoThe development of brain connectivity from infancy to adulthood involves a shift from linear to nonlinear modes of brain communication.
5356h agoMisfolded protein aggregation leads to neurodegenerative diseases through pathways that remain unclear, but research in a scrapie model shows that thalamus and hippocampal areas exhibit the greatest pathological burden with region-specific histopathological features.
5356h agoMuscle network analysis reveals distinct patterns of muscle interactions in stroke survivors that can be used to stratify patients by impairment severity and therapeutic responsiveness.
5356h agoThe gene DPP6 modulates ethanol's effects on reward, anxiety, and sedation in mice, with its absence leading to greater preference for ethanol, increased locomotor activity, and enhanced anxiolytic response in a sex-dependent manner.
5356h agoA new computational tool called Scratcher enables automated analysis of scratching behaviour in mice, revealing that neural activity in the lateral parabrachial nucleus modulates itch-evoked scratching.
5356h agoCortical inhibition, mediated by GABA, dynamically changes with brain state, increasing during wakefulness, decreasing during sleep, and varying regionally in response to internally generated hippocampal activity.
5356h agoRatDISCO is a simple and cost-effective method for clearing tissue in adult rat brains that enables robust detection of diverse brain cells and structures across different species and models.
5356h agoVisual surprise triggers whole-brain neural representations of prediction error that are generalised across different visual attributes but occur at distinct times for each attribute.
5356h agoTau hyperphosphorylation and mislocalization in progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson syndrome are caused by changes in the extracellular matrix produced by vascular leptomeningeal-like cells, which can be reversed by inhibiting certain signaling pathways.
5356h agoThe inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases by cancer drugs disrupts the balance of taste cells in the tongue, leading to a reduced ability to taste sweetness.
5356h agoThe salience network, including the anterior cingulate cortex, plays a substantial role in the generation of tinnitus, while the inferior parietal lobe contributes to its persistence.
5356h agoAstrocytes respond differently to inflammatory triggers, showing increased neurotoxicity when exposed to certain chemicals, and astrocytes with senescent features have a higher level of neurotoxicity, linking aging to neurodegenerative diseases.
5356h agoSpinal motor neurons can be driven by impulsive common inputs, which induce synchronization among them and disrupt the linear transmission of other synaptic inputs.
5356h agoScientists developed a method to quantify cognitive resilience, identifying two distinct molecular subtypes with unique signatures, and showed that brain-derived molecular profiles can be translated to living individuals.
5356h agoThe ATPase N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) mediates diverse modes of endocytosis by driving closure of both fusion and fission pores, and plays a central role in regulating membrane fission, endocytosis, and exo-endocytosis coupling.
5356h agoA decrease in hippocampal androgen and estrogen levels with normal aging in male rats corresponds with a decrease in hippocampal dendritic spine density.
5364h agoA specific neural circuit involving serotonin projections from the median raphe region to the ventral hippocampus regulates anxiety-like behavior differently in female and male mice.
5364h agoThe mouse brain's molecular and structural complexity is mapped in a new dataset, which enables better analysis of brain regions and improves automated segmentation methods.
5364h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes brain signals in methamphetamine users, making their brain activity more like that of healthy people, which can be used to evaluate the treatment's effectiveness.
5368h agoThe Allee-based nonlinear plasticity model provides a robust framework for modeling neural adaptation, offering enhanced noise robustness, stable synaptic weights, and improved memory retention and pattern retrieval.
5368h agoA common framework is created to map all current and planned neuromodulation-based physiological closed-loop controllers, integrating FDA guidance, biomarker classification, and control systems theory to manage risk and optimize device development.
5368h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
5368h agoSophisticated Learning, a planning-to-learn algorithm, improves decision making under uncertainty by embedding active parameter learning inside a tree-search framework, allowing it to outperform other algorithms in a seasonal foraging task.
5368h agoWeak higher-order interactions can enhance synchronization in complex systems, while strong ones generally work against it.
5368h agoA three-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system develops a homoclinic/heteroclinic tangle as its normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds form and then lose normal hyperbolicity with increasing energy.
5368h agoRecurrence Pattern Correlation (RPC) measures the correlation degree of recurrence patterns to identify localized structures in time series dynamics.
5368h agoThe kinetic theory of soliton gases develops a solvable model for wave-mean field interaction in integrable turbulence, predicting soliton filtering and an induced mean field.
5368h agoA universal physical mechanism based on amplitude modulation and demodulation generates 1/f fluctuations, which are observed in a wide range of systems, through stochastic synchronization among oscillators and frequency-selective resonance.
5368h agoIncorporating the spatial coupling structure of a target system into machine learning models improves their ability to learn large-scale chaotic systems.
5368h agoA unified framework reveals that amplification in linear dynamical systems follows a general law, where response variance increases with a non-normal gain proportional to the square of a non-normal index, and applies to various physical, natural, and social systems.
5368h agoThe Ising ferromagnet with long-range power-law interactions has a ferromagnetic phase at finite temperatures when the interaction range exponent is between 0.74 and 2.
5368h agoFlat domain walls in ferromagnets become unstable and exhibit chaotic behavior when driven by a uniform magnetic field above a certain threshold.
5368h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on coupled disordered transmons protects the qubit subspace from leakage and removes leakage excitations through propagation and reset by feedback-measurement or dissipation.
5368h agoThe inner ear contributes to selective attention by modulating sound emissions based on focus on specific voices in noisy environments.
5384h agoParvalbumin interneurons contribute to spontaneous neurovascular dynamics and mediate the link between gamma oscillations and resting-state hemodynamic signals.
5384h agoTheta oscillations are related to spatial exploration, while alpha oscillations are associated with sustained attention, and both play a role in attentional processing depending on the dimension being explored.
5384h agoExcitatory subtypes in the visual cortex have distinct geometric signatures in population neural trajectories, with Cux2 neurons showing smaller trajectory scales and Emx1 and Slc17a7 neurons supporting broader, distributed integration.
5384h agoPrenatal lead exposure alters the development of brain cells, leading to more neurons and fewer astrocytes, which may contribute to cognitive and behavioral impairment.
5384h agoNMDAR loss in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence initially decreases dendritic spine density, but leads to a rebound in spine density and increased neurotransmission over time through compensatory mechanisms.
5388h agoAn interneuronal neuropeptidergic pathway helps regulate the balance between motor consistency and flexibility in skilled behaviors, such as birdsong, by controlling stability.
5388h agoTheta-paced stimulation of the nucleus reuniens during extinction training facilitates the acquisition of long-term extinction memories by enhancing neural activity and entraining oscillations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
5388h agoHouse crickets show hallmark features of cognitive aging, including sensory decline, learning impairments, and reduced resilience, similar to those found in mammals, making them a useful model for studying neural aging.
5400h agoParkinson's disease patients, especially males, have lower levels of certain amino acids in their blood, and this imbalance starts early in the disease, but is normalized by a specific surgical treatment called Deep Brain Stimulation.
5400h agoParkinson's disease causes degeneration of noradrenergic neurons in the caudal part of the locus coeruleus, which correlates with non-motor symptoms such as orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment, and reduces the area's responsivity to arousing stimuli.
5400h agoLithium carbonate improves cognitive and motor performance in healthy flies, but lithium orotate is not more effective in treating Alzheimer's symptoms.
5400h agoA dataset of 296 affective scenes rated on six social-affective dimensions provides a reliable tool for selecting scenes based on emotional and social-interpersonal features for behavioral and neurocognitive research.
5400h agoOGA regulates dendritic spine maturation, density, and synapse size, and modulates AMPAR receptors, making it a key player in excitatory synaptic remodeling.
5412h agoBistability in neuronal oscillations is influenced by the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity and their combined strength.
5412h agoChildren's brains consolidate motor memories better than adults' brains do over a short period of rest, and this may be because children's brains stay more actively engaged during rest.
5412h agoThe tail of the striatum regulates actions to sensory stimuli by suppressing inappropriate responses, and disruption of this function contributes to inhibitory control deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders.
5412h agoFoxA transcription factors control the development and function of enteric neurons in the gut throughout an animal's life.
5412h agoThe local cortical microcircuitry in the mouse primary visual cortex exhibits efficient brain organization, with characteristics such as small-world architecture, hub dominance, and modularity, similar to but more intensified than those found in macroscopic brain networks.
5412h agoSemaglutide drives weight loss by activating specific brain cells through multiple signaling pathways, including Gs and Gq pathways, to regulate neuronal activation and increase levels of a key secondary messenger.
5416h agoVascular degeneration and amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease can be tracked using a new imaging pipeline, which shows that vessel diameter decreases and amyloid plaque formation increases with age.
5416h agoATHENA, an open-source toolbox, accurately tracks hand movements in 3D without markers, producing similar results to traditional marker-based systems at a lower cost and with greater ease of use.
5416h agoAlpha-motoneurons exist along a circular continuum between slow and fast types, with a novel subtype, S/FF, exhibiting hybrid characteristics of both slow and fast types, which resists ALS degeneration.
5416h agoGIPR agonism reduces food intake and prevents aversion by acting on distinct neural circuits, with GIPR agonists alleviating inflammation-induced aversion through a mechanism that involves reducing the activity of neurons that encode aversion.
5416h agoOropouche virus infection disrupts human neural development, leading to cell death, depletion of brain cells, and abnormal brain structure, and may impair brain development and cause birth defects.
5416h agoIntrabody therapy that targets intracellular tau reduces tau pathology and restores neuronal function in a mouse model of tau-related diseases.
5416h agoChanges in neural representations over time are shaped by prior knowledge and learning, and flawed study designs can create artificial patterns of brain activity that mimic perceptual reorganisation.
5416h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be turned into nerve cells that can survive, mature, and improve recovery after spinal cord injury when transplanted into mice.
5416h agoChronic alcohol use alters gene expression in the hippocampus, affecting synaptic signaling, mitochondrial function, and calcium channels, which may contribute to context-induced relapse and memory problems.
5416h agoProlonged exposure to low levels of amyloid-beta protein causes changes in gene activity that impair memory and may drive the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
5420h agoSoluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPPalpha) helps prevent runaway synaptic modification and maintains effective associative memory function by enhancing separation between encoding and retrieval.
5420h agoCocaine use disorder is linked to specific areas of brain damage that are connected by white matter pathways and share similar activity and molecular profiles.
5420h agoSocial context and dominance shape the decisions, attention, and brain activity of macaques, with better performance in social settings, but decreased motivation under altruistic and competitive conditions.
5420h agoThe primary somatosensory cortex on the same side as tactile stimuli shows a biphasic blood-oxygen-level-dependent response, with an initial negative response followed by a positive one that is more sensitive to stimulus intensity.
5420h agoParent-child autonomic synchrony predicts the strength of extinction learning in youth, who can directly and vicariously modify learned threat associations through distinct neurobiological profiles.
5420h agoMemories that are reactivated during sleep can be identified as emotional or neutral within 0.4-0.6 seconds using EEG and machine learning.
5420h agoThe study couples transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) induced electric fields to neural states of cells and cell populations, and finds that TMS induces unique directionally sensitive distributions of synaptic outputs in time and space for each cell type in the primary motor cortex.
5420h agoConvolutional neural networks can be modified to include recurrence, allowing them to model temporal dynamics and biological vision, and a new toolbox called DynVision makes it easier to build and test these models.
5420h agoMobile eye-tracking studies can be effectively conducted in large-scale outdoor urban environments, capturing a wide range of natural human behavior with minimal constraints.
5420h agoSurround suppression increases as the categorical similarity between a central scene and its surroundings decreases, with the strongest suppression occurring when the center and surround are from different superordinate categories.
5424h agoLight exposure and its retinal encoding affect human physiology and behavior across multiple time scales, and this tutorial presents an analysis pipeline for processing and analyzing visual experience datasets, particularly for human chronobiology and myopia research.
5424h agoPexidartinib depletes retinal mononuclear phagocytes and, when combined with hypoxia, provides complete protection for retinal ganglion cells in a mouse model of mitochondrial dysfunction.
5428h agoTeneurin-3 and Latrophilin-2 molecules instruct target selection of many neurons through a combination of attraction and repulsion, enabling a limited number of wiring molecules to specify trillions of connections in developing brains.
5432h agoHuntington disease is caused by a mutation in the huntingtin gene, which results in decreased neuronal health and brain damage, and researchers find that loss of normal huntingtin function decreases intrinsic neuronal excitability and produces a neuroinflammatory response.
5432h agoCerebellar stimulation reduces seizure burden in temporal lobe epilepsy when done early, and this effect is not dependent on the integrity of Purkinje cells.
5432h agoTeneurin-3 and latrophilin-2 proteins are expressed in opposing gradients that help form "body maps" in the somatosensory system, and manipulating them distorts the maps and impairs accurate localisation of stimuli on the body.
5432h agoAMPK in hypothalamic astrocytes acts as a link between metabolic state and circadian control by sustaining daily rhythms and stabilising the clock protein PER2.
5432h agoExecutive control emerges from coordination between medial frontal control hubs and posterior representational systems, as shown by scalp EEG and intracranial EEG recordings during a working memory task.
5432h agoInverse expression of Teneurin-3 and Latrophilin-2 predicts neural circuit connectivity across diverse brain regions in mice.
5432h agoA new method isolates microglial nuclei from frozen brain tissue using PU.1 as a marker, enabling high-sensitivity transcriptomic analysis of microglial states in cryopreserved and archival samples.
5432h agoThe expression of a specific isoform of the BIN1 gene in the presynaptic terminal leads to synaptic loss and altered synaptic structure.
5432h agoActivating CD11b with the small-molecule agonist LA1 reduces microglial activation and myeloid cell infiltration, thereby decreasing neuroinflammation and pathology in a Parkinson's disease model.
5432h agoMice with a disrupted Nrxn1 gene respond early in a time-judging test, showing a timing deficit similar to that observed in people with autism.
5432h agoKranocytes form a network-like structure that connects adjacent neuromuscular junctions, interacts with the microvasculature, and helps regulate blood flow and muscle regeneration.
5432h agoDopamine activity in the brain encodes a teaching signal that helps learning in both positive and negative situations, enabling unified adaptation to rewards and punishments.
5432h agoObsessive-compulsive tendencies interfere with the normal interplay between automatic learning and goal-directed control, even at non-clinical levels.
5432h agoThe ROSMAP-Compass resource, comprising over 22 million high-quality nuclei from 2,058 donors, provides a fully harmonized dataset for Alzheimer's disease research by integrating and reprocessing large-scale single-cell data from multiple sources.
5436h agoThe study unifies diverse analyses across unsupervised learning, network science, imaging neuroscience, and network neuroscience by describing equivalences that connect clustering, dimensionality reduction, network centrality, and dynamics.
5440h agoScientific infrastructure must evolve into a dynamic, AI-aligned ecosystem to accelerate science and overcome current limitations.
5440h agoLarge language models with around 70 billion parameters achieve human-comparable accuracy in abstract reasoning and form similar representations to humans, suggesting a shared representational space between biological and artificial intelligence.
5440h agoHigh daily screen time is linked to higher risks of anxiety, depression, behavior problems, and ADHD in children and adolescents, partly due to reduced physical activity, irregular bedtime, and insufficient sleep.
5440h agoA fixed neural structure can operate in different computational modes driven by the temporal dynamics of its input signals, not just its static architecture.
5440h agoGFAP elevation correlates with speech anomaly severity in acute brain injury, and combining GFAP and voice features improves early detection of speech anomalies.
5440h agoThe Algonauts2025 Challenge found that teams could predict human brain activity from long, multimodal movies, with the top teams able to accurately forecast brain responses to unseen films.
5440h agoThe Connectome-based Monotonic Inference of Neurodegenerative Dynamics (COMIND) model combines brain connectivity with diffusion and logistic models to accurately track progressive neurodegeneration with a limited number of parameters.
5440h agoEDAPT, a task- and model-agnostic framework, eliminates calibration in brain-computer interfaces by continually adapting models to changing neural signals, improving accuracy over conventional methods.
5440h agoProlonged proximity within personal space boundaries causes higher physiological arousal than approach, and angry facial expressions decrease parasympathetic activity and increase discomfort.
5440h agoThe computational ability of reservoir recurrent neural networks grows sublinearly with the number of readout neurons, and neuronal correlations govern both memory capacity and nonlinear processing.
5440h agoTurbulence exhibits a broad range of scaling exponents, which are linked to singular solutions of the Euler equations and can be characterized by a dynamic approach using a reversible framework and a non-dimensional efficiency number.
5440h agoMechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints that depend on a small parameter behave like a combination of a slightly modified holonomic system and slowly varying integration constants.
5440h agoControlling multiple limit cycles through hierarchical, stepwise periodic modulation enables reliable switching between rhythmic states in nonlinear dynamical systems.
5440h agoThe chaotic motion of scattered disk objects is driven by overlaps between series of resonances, specifically 2:j, 3:j, 4:j, and so on, which shape the dynamics and distribution of these distant minor bodies orbiting the sun.
5440h agoDynamic Mode Decomposition can be improved to better analyze transient dynamics by introducing time-varying amplitudes for its modes, allowing for identification of key modes and their transient activities.
5440h agoA novel stable multipulse soliton attractor, consisting of one to seven soliton pulses, forms in fiber lasers and is highly resistant to external disturbances.
5440h agoSolitons in a one-dimensional binary Bose-Einstein condensate exhibit intricate bifurcations, stability maps, and dynamics under the influence of spin-orbit-coupling and Lee-Huang-Yang correction.
5440h agoHebbian learning in artificial neural networks creates and destroys attractors, leading to formation of memories and unwanted features such as spurious memories and catastrophic forgetting through bifurcations in connection weights.
5440h agoApplying a general construction to bigraded Hopf algebras yields two-parameter quantum groups from their standard one-parameter versions.
5440h agoRandom permutation circuits exhibit quantum chaos when the dimension of their local configuration space exceeds two, but not when acting on qubits.
5440h agoAn increase in the Peclet number destabilizes the uniform steady state, while an increase in the nonlinear growth parameter of species A stabilizes it, in an active fluid system involving two chemical species with nonlinear growth.
5440h agoA new formalism defines chaos in quantum and classical systems equivalently, using adiabatic transformations to measure chaos through the complexity of changes in response to small Hamiltonian deformations.
5440h agoA new learning paradigm that uses link strength oscillations enables artificial intelligence networks to rapidly adapt to new contexts and learn from limited data.
5440h agoDomain walls in ferromagnets become unstable and exhibit chaotic behavior when driven by a magnetic field above a certain threshold and with a length exceeding a critical value.
5440h agoDeep reinforcement learning trains effective nonlocal transition policies that improve solution quality and speed for hard combinatorial optimization problems.
5440h agoThe computational ability of reservoir recurrent neural networks grows sublinearly with the number of readout neurons, and neuronal correlations govern both memory capacity and nonlinear processing.
5440h agoSound damping in glasses is influenced by defects and heterogeneous elasticity, and there are two mechanisms behind it: one related to defects and another that occurs even in defect-free materials.
5440h agoDisorder does not destroy a mobility edge near the flat band energy in twisted bilayer graphene, even when all Chern numbers are zero.
5440h agoThe Random-Key Optimizer (RKO) framework combines multiple classic metaheuristics to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems by producing high-quality solutions across diverse problem domains.
5440h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
5440h agoTunneling nanotubes-like connections exist in the developing cerebellum and may contribute to intercellular communication between brain cells.
5452h agoHere is a simple to read sentence summary of the paragraph: Temperature experience modulates the transcription and trafficking of thermoreceptors on different timescales in C. elegans AFD thermosensory neurons to regulate their adaptability in response to changing temperatures.
5460h agoMutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome by making astrocytes produce factors that lead to early formation of perineuronal nets, which close the critical period of brain development too soon.
5460h agoChanges in alpha and theta band activity in the brain are associated with perceptual grouping, with alpha band oscillations playing a role in directing attention and theta band oscillations facilitating the integration of visual elements into coherent percepts.
5460h agoLocal synthesis of neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen, including neuro-testosterone, directly contributes to neural plasticity and performance, offering new methodological improvements through improved measurement of these steroid concentrations and study methodologies.
5460h agoThe study finds that rule-learning occurs abruptly in a kind of "lightbulb moment," with rodents suddenly enhanced neural activity and memory consolidation from the beginning of a difficult olfactory-discrimination task.
5460h agoShared variability in neural activity across trials is directly reflects information communicated to higher brain areas rather than noise, as it reliably aligns with task-relevant features and guides behavior.
5460h agoThe Perceptual Reality Transformer simulates eight neurological perception conditions, allowing others to experience what it's like to live with conditions such as simultanagnosia, prosopagnosia, and Alzheimer's memory effects.
5464h agoThe hybrid optimization framework, ENOMAD, which combines global evolutionary search with local direct exploitation, improves performance on a set of tasks by refining the existing neural connectome of the nematode C. elegans, leveraging its leveraging the organism's derived weight priors rather than rebuilding its circuitry.
5464h agoLearned features used in computational models can be biased, or skewed towards representing some characteristics more strongly than others, which can lead to flawed conclusions when comparing neural representations between systems.
5464h agoCategory learning changes perception by creating separation between categories and compressing within categories, and this change is linked to changes in brain activity.
5464h agoHere is a simple to read sentence summary of the paragraph: Vision Models (VLMs) consistently struggle with mechanical reasoning, particularly with significant difficulties in understanding gear and fluid mechanics, and their performance does not improve even improve with more parameters. Alternatively, here is another version: Current Vision Models (VLMs) perform poorly on mechanical reasoning tasks, especially on gear and fluid mechanics, and adding more parameters does not seem to help. I replaced it with a more concise and straightforward sentence that still conveys the same information: Vision Models (VLMs) perform poorly on mechanical reasoning tasks, especially on gear and fluid mechanics.
5464h agoA mathematical model shows that a deformable droplet floating on a liquid surface can move through diffusiophoresis driven by surface tension gradients, and can exist in one of three stable states: circular and immobile, elliptically deformed and immobile, or moving with an elliptic deformation.
5464h agoElementary Cellular Automata behaviours can be quantified by computing the entropy of initial configurations converging to attractors, linking this entropy to Wolfram's qualitative classification scheme.
5464h agoThe stability of steady-state solutions of the Wave-Kinetic Equations for acoustic waves is ensured by different mechanisms in 2D and 3D equilibrium and non-equilibrium solutions.
5464h agoCoupled-resonator systems generate solitons that periodically transfer between resonators, with the origin of this soliton hopping process differing fundamentally between systems with two and three resonators.
5464h agoSimple models capture generic features of heat transport between two quantum mechanical systems, including transient current peaks and the emergence of a non-equilibrium steady state.
5464h agoThe hybrid optimization framework, ENOMAD, which combines global evolutionary search with local direct exploitation, improves performance on a set of tasks by refining the existing neural connectome of the nematode C. elegans, leveraging its leveraging the organism's derived weight priors rather than rebuilding its circuitry.
5464h agoChaos is typical in certain spaces, but averaging over different backgrounds suppresses chaos and brings behavior closer to that of black hole backgrounds.
5464h agoA mathematical model based on physicochemical steps explains the oscillations that occur during the anodic dissolution of silicon electrodes, describing the formation and dissolution of an oxide layer and determining its composition and electrostatic potential.
5464h agoA novel control law guides heterogeneous Euler-Lagrange systems to a target formation without needing prior system parameter knowledge, while avoiding collisions.
5464h agoQuantum states in certain periodically driven systems can recur after a finite amount of time, and an arithmetic framework identifies all possible recurrence times by analyzing the spectrum of the system's unitary evolution.
5464h agoInterface-induced turbulence exists in low-Reynolds-number binary-fluid mixtures, characterized by a statistically steady state with spatiotemporal chaos, a spread energy spectrum, and diffusive behavior of Lagrangian tracer particles.
5464h agoMcDuff's method of probes is adapted to study semitoric integrable systems, and applied to 3 examples to examine the displaceability properties of their fibers.
5464h agoRelaxation mechanisms lead to distinct dynamical regimes in elastic disordered interfaces, including a coexistence of pinned and flowing states in 2D systems with long-range interactions.
5464h agoBoolean Fourier analysis can represent complex sign structures of spin-$1/2$ magnetic systems as polynomial functions, which may be learned more easily than with neural networks.
5464h agoCircularly polarized laser light induces edge modes in monolayer amorphous carbon, making it a potential material for engineering topological phases.
5464h agoA general framework classifies fermionic dynamical systems with measurements using symmetry and topology, revealing a dynamical bulk-boundary correspondence that connects the topology of a system's spacetime bulk to its steady-state ensemble on its temporal boundary.
5464h agoThe Ising model on hyperbolic lattices exhibits an intermediate phase, where bulk ordering is induced by boundary effects, in addition to paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases.
5464h agoBrain-computer interfaces can decode intended speech from people with severe speech disorders, including those with locked-in syndrome and ventilator dependence due to ALS.
5468h agoUsing embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors ISL1 and LHX3 partially rejuvenates the gene expression profile of mature neurons, making them more resistant to diseases of aging.
5472h agoDifferentiable simulations and reinforcement learning enable simulated cells to self-organize into emergent developmental patterns by responding to local chemical and mechanical cues.
5472h agoGestational age at birth and postnatal age have different effects on the maturation of the human cortex, with birth age dominating global increases in microstructural density and postnatal age leading to slower increases in density and changes in intracortical balance.
5480h agoAcetylcholine modulates deviance detection in the brain by amplifying the response to unexpected events up to a point, before suppressing it.
5484h agoDelta-catenin haploinsufficiency disrupts social behavior, fear learning, and memory in mice by altering glutamatergic synaptic activity.
5484h agoMotor neurons undergo extensive transcriptional changes as they mature, initially diversifying into many subtypes in the embryo and then coalescing into a more homogenous state before re-diversifying into distinct subtypes in postnatal life.
5484h agoQuestion Answering encoding models accurately predict brain responses to language stimuli and provide interpretable maps of language selectivity across the cortex.
5484h agoThe basal ganglia uses a novel computational model that represents continuous action spaces with vector-symbolic algebras, allowing it to be involved in action specification, including selecting speed and vigor.
5484h agoSensory encoding fidelity in the auditory cortex interacts with prior expectations to shape our choices, and fluctuations in this fidelity predict behaviour.
5484h agoMolecular layer interneurons (MLIs) in the cerebellar cortex track whisker position during free whisking and respond to tactile contact with additional activation, providing a stable representation of whisker position that is disrupted by sensory input.
5484h agoThe midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) generates defensive behaviors, and neurons in its two columns, vl- and dmPAG, use different synaptic mechanisms to prioritize frequency-invariant coding strategies in response to threat.
5484h agoThe study develops a new approach to understanding collective activity in neural networks with compartmentalized neurons that generate different types of spikes.
5488h agoMulti-dimensional Neural Decoding simultaneously extracts multiple motor variables from single neural population recordings, and the OrthoSchema framework improves decoding accuracy in various neural control tasks.
5488h agoCategory learning changes perception by creating separation between categories and compressing within categories, and these changes are linked to changes in brain activity.
5488h agoThe core computation of attention in transformer architectures can be reinterpreted as Pavlovian conditioning, where attention operations construct transient associative memories via a Hebbian rule.
5488h agoA family of recurrent neural networks called Fast Weight Programmers uses two-dimensional matrix-form hidden states to serve as short-term memory storage with dynamically changing synaptic weights.
5488h agoEmergent properties arise in systems with many interacting parts, characterising phenomena that are not present in the individual parts, and are central to understanding major challenges across physics, biology, social sciences, and computing.
5488h agoAn artificial intelligence architecture simulates the human working memory system with interconnected neural networks that maintain and update high-level representations, leading to iterative shifts in thought and potentially human-like cognition.
5488h agoThe dorso-central insula (DCI) receives visual input from the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and sends it to the fronto-parietal network when observing actions, and it receives motor input from the premotor ventral (PMv) area and sends it to the intraparietal lobule (IPL) when executing actions.
5488h agoThe organization of causal signaling networks in the brain of C. elegans differs from its anatomical structure, with functional modules not aligned with modular boundaries of the anatomical network.
5488h agoHebbian learning changes the type of chaos transition in recurrent neural networks from continuous to discontinuous when the Hebbian strength is large.
5488h agoScientists discovered 10,059 three-dimensional periodic orbits of the three-body problem, including 1,996 stable ones, using a high-accuracy numerical strategy.
5488h agoA three-step strategy, DA-CAE-ESN, accurately forecasts chaotic systems in real-time by compressing data, predicting temporal dynamics, and assimilating noisy and sparse measurements.
5488h agoThe pre-evacuation phase, where people decide to move to a safe place, crucially impacts the total time required for safe egress in crowd evacuation.
5488h agoHumans' limited rationality helps them cooperate in hunter-gatherer societies by changing the stag-hunt game into a coordination game, making cooperation stable through evolutionary forces that favour less rational individuals.
5488h agoMM-curves have a specific structure with g tropical cycles and g+1 real ovals, and on certain MM-curves, non-smooth Dubrovin-Natanzon divisors can be constructed using two basic types of blow-ups.
5488h agoThe minimal seeds for transitioning to turbulence and relaminarization lie in distinct regions of state space and have different structures, with the optimal perturbation for relaminarization distributed across multiple modes.
5488h agoThe anti-localization of non-stationary linear waves, where the propagating component of a wave-field zeros out near a defect, also occurs in nonlinear systems.
5488h agoThe study investigates breather-to-soliton transitions and nonlinear wave interactions for a specific equation, and finds novel converted waves and their interactions.
5488h agoTurbulence in pipe flow spreads through a process called puff self-replication, which happens when one puff transitions into two puffs via an edge state that acts as a tipping point.
5488h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave through nonlinear Landau damping and wave-wave interactions, with differing effects for positively and negatively charged debris.
5488h agoThe dRSJ model, a deformation of the RSJ model, exhibits a rotation number quantization effect where phase-lock areas exist only for integer rotation number values, but the constrictions that separate these areas break down.
5488h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress depends on temperature, with fracture stress and strain, as well as Young modulus, decreasing linearly with rising temperature.
5488h agoDigital quantum simulations show that flat-band physics can be studied on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers through circuit compression, enabling control of quantum transport and particle dynamics.
5488h agoMeasurement-based quantum diffusion models bridge classical and quantum diffusion theory, generating stochastic quantum trajectories while preserving purity and inducing depolarization.
5488h agoThe Ising chain model with random bonds and fields has a low-energy behavior that depends on the type of random fields present, with different fixed-points and critical points emerging in different scenarios.
5488h agoHebbian learning changes the type of chaos transition in recurrent neural networks from continuous to discontinuous when the Hebbian strength is large.
5488h agoScalable Monte Carlo simulations enable the study of systems with over one billion atoms while maintaining first-principles accuracy.
5488h agoThalamic bursts during non-REM sleep do not awaken the cortex because of the way they interact with the thalamocortical system, and instead, thalamic bursts increase during non-REM sleep despite expected depolarization.
5492h agoTau phosphorylation patterns play a crucial role in regulating tau's interaction with microtubules in developing human neurons.
5492h agoSynAnno, an interactive tool, streamlines and enhances the proofreading of synaptic annotations in large-scale connectomics datasets by integrating guided proofreading, a structured workflow, and fine-tuned machine learning models.
5492h agoA new framework using differential geometry accurately tracks changes in the shape and structure of multiple sclerosis lesions over time in pediatric patients.
5492h agoHuman-specialized features of immature dentate granule cells are characterized by human-specific gene expression and convergent biological processes, and these cells' enriched proton-transporting ATPase subtypes play a role in neuronal development.
5496h agoKenazLBM, a new brain-state model, can characterize a person's brain state instantly and predict future brain states using raw brain data.
5496h agoIn women with epilepsy, seizure frequency and severity worsen during the perimenstrual phase due to changes in brain chemicals, whereas in healthy women, they worsen during the mid-follicular phase.
5496h agoDNAJC7, a Hsp40 co-chaperone, suppresses polyQ aggregation by physically interacting with polyQ-expanded protein, and plays a role in regulating folding of disease-associated proteins.
5496h agoBiological neural networks can learn and generate diverse temporal patterns, producing coherent outputs, when trained with simple feedback and controlled network formation.
5496h agoPatients with neurofascin-155-mediated autoimmune nodopathy (NF155-AIN) have defective B cell tolerance, abnormal B cell receptor signaling, and disrupted T cell-B cell interactions, which contribute to the development of autoreactive antibodies.
5496h agoThe auditory cortex and prefrontal cortex form a network that detects deviations from expected sensory input, with the auditory cortex encoding early sensory patterns and the prefrontal cortex supporting predictive and error signals.
5496h agoSpike synchrony provides crucial information about stimulus familiarity when the input stimulus varies in saliency and firing rate alone is insufficient.
5496h agoDrivers who take longer to complete a simple smartphone test are more likely to fail an on-road driving test, and this test can predict unsafe driving with high accuracy.
5496h agoA new method uses physical properties and deep learning models to accurately predict and control odor intensity, allowing for precise identification of key contributors to aroma perception.
5496h agoStudies of heartbeat-evoked responses show substantial differences in methods and findings, with most studies lacking transparency and statistical power, and a checklist is provided to improve standardization and reliability.
5496h agoPeople with aphantasia, who lack mental images, have poor visual working memory, and their performance is equally impaired for verbal and non-verbal visual information.
5496h agoThe geometry of neural dynamics on the attractor landscape reflects changes in attentional states over time and varies across controlled and naturalistic contexts.
5496h agoThe brain's shape closely matches its functional connections when neurons are locally connected, but this match deteriorates as local connections are disrupted.
5496h agoGlobal activity patterns from other brain areas, such as the anterior cingulate area, contribute substantially to trial-to-trial variability in visual cortical neuron responses, more so than behavioral factors.
5496h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation reduces GABA levels in the brain and improves motor learning in healthy adults.
5496h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation paired with motor skill practice enhances cortical plasticity in humans, without improving motor performance, and promotes task-specific cortical reorganization through noradrenergic modulation.
5496h agoThe literature on fatigue's effect on motor learning is limited, with most studies using young adults and inconsistent methods, and shows that fatigue induced by physical exertion is more commonly studied than fatigue induced by cognitive exertion.
5496h agoDRPLA disease-causing protein disrupts normal brain cell function, leading to changes in brain cell communication, inflammation, and protein quality control.
5496h agoManual lymph drainage, a light skin massage, improves cognitive function and reduces Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
5496h agoThe EEG responses to visual stimuli can be predicted using simple statistical models, with even the simplest autoregressive model performing as well as more complex models in capturing the patterns of brain activity.
5496h agoThe melanocortin system, which helps control energy balance, can now be studied in real-time using a new sensor called FLAREMC, which detects changes in a specific peptide that regulates appetite.
5496h agoNeural adaptation to repeated stimuli can lead to either behavioral habituation or invariant responses, and a mathematical framework shows that this flexible translation is due to sensory networks optimizing stimulus encoding and representations forming over two time scales.
5496h agoThis protocol isolates five distinct cell types from a single mouse brain, including oligodendrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neurons.
5496h agoTHIK2 channels limit neuronal hyperexcitability and their dysfunction leads to thermal hypersensitivity, suggesting they could be a potential therapeutic target for chronic inflammatory pain.
5496h agoPericyte and capillary instability at the site where capillaries converge to major veins causes mild hypoperfusion, leading to myelin degradation during brain aging.
5500h agoReduced blood flow due to selective constriction and rarefaction of capillary-venous networks contributes to age-related white matter damage in mice.
5500h agoUsing embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors, scientists partially rejuvenate the gene expression profile of mature neurons, making them more resistant to an ALS model.
5500h agoThe structure of the olfactory bulb and its related brain regions is partly genetically determined, with genetic influence affecting the olfactory network as a whole rather than the olfactory bulb alone.
5500h agoAnimals use an additive algorithm of three visual features - motion coherence, luminance level, and changes in luminance - to integrate multiple sensory inputs and guide decision-making.
5500h agoTilia extract increases sleep amount, especially during dark hours, and alters EEG signals, changing the power in gamma and theta bands, without disrupting normal sleep and wake patterns.
5500h agoDamaged axons can recover completely if extracellular calcium is depleted, through microtubule regrowth, after partial damage where the axonal plasma membrane remains intact but cytoskeletal elements disintegrate.
5500h agoCD4+ T-cells infiltrate and accumulate in the hypocretin region of narcolepsy type 1 brains, which may contribute to the autoimmune process that causes the disorder.
5500h agoHigh frequency broadband activity can be detected noninvasively in infants through fontanelles and thin skull using scalp electroencephalography, with greater power found in wake versus sleep states.
5500h agoFlower isoforms regulate cell survival and death through a novel signaling pathway that uses extracellular vesicles to communicate between cells, promoting survival of healthy cells and eliminating less healthy ones.
5500h agoDifferent patterns of dopamine release are linked to social reward behaviors in males and females, with phasic and tonic dopamine release playing distinct roles in males but not females.
5504h agoChildhood neglect and deprivation impair cognitive development by reducing TREM2 expression, which affects microglial pruning, but enrichment and TREM2 overexpression can normalize these deficits.
5504h agoGlutamate and dopamine release in specific parts of the brain predict flexibility and cocaine-seeking behavior in rats.
5508h agoPatients with schizophrenia have impaired semantic structure and retrieval, which contributes to their difficulties in communicating coherently.
5508h agoBeta oscillations occur in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex when rats reach goal locations, and their strengths in these two regions change inversely as the rats learn.
5508h agoSynuclein oligomers spread to the substantia nigra, causing astrocyte and neuron dysfunction, and researchers identified a set of genes that could be targeted for therapy.
5508h agoA network-specific approach that groups brain networks into clusters and trains separate models for each cluster improves prediction accuracy of brain responses to complex movies.
5512h agoThe human brain's structure and function can be used to create more efficient and interpretable artificial neural networks.
5512h agoPeople can easily spot simple patterns in others' behavior but struggle to detect complex patterns, and a large language model-based agent's abilities to do so closely mirror those of humans.
5512h agoSMOTE-based data augmentation yields the highest classification accuracies for neuronal cell types, outperforming deep generative models like GANs, VAEs, and others.
5512h agoRepresenting neural network training dynamics as functional connectomes effectively captures key transitions in network organization and provides a robust indicator of learning progress.
5512h agoTop-down feedback in neural networks improves image classification speed, accuracy, and robustness to noise and adversarial attacks when combined with simulated neural variability.
5512h agoThe parameters of attractor neural networks can be adjusted to change decision-making biases without altering the encoded choices.
5512h agoAn innovative machine-learning framework enables robust seizure detection across varied clinical datasets, achieving high performance within datasets and strong generalisation across datasets.
5512h agoEEG microstate features improve Large Language Models' predictions of cognitive load states, such as 'Rest' and 'Load', by fine-tuning the models with electroencephalography data.
5512h agoA transformer network trained on Pac-Man gameplay develops internal attention patterns that match monkeys' eye movements, revealing a hierarchical structure of attention comprising value-based and dynamic interaction layers.
5512h agoModel predictive control method accurately guides neural population activity along desired paths in low-dimensional neural manifolds, outperforming proportional-integral-derivative control in tests with partial observability and unknown noise.
5512h agoA working memory system that remembers recent events uses neurons with mixed selectivity to represent stimuli and time, allowing it to recall any stimulus at any delay.
5512h agoCortico-thalamic networks use a computation similar to multihead self-attention in transformer networks to perform cognitive tasks, with superficial and deep pyramidal cells having distinct computational roles.
5512h agoSummary statistics of neural activity can help predict performance as neural networks learn.
5512h agoThe Markov blanket density, which measures the degree of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle.
5512h agoThe deg-deg distribution of natural frequencies, where both layers employ degree-matched frequencies, enhances synchronization stability in multilayer networks of phase oscillators with phase-lag.
5512h agoA data-driven regression approach efficiently constructs reduced-order models of reaction-diffusion systems that exhibit pattern formation, improving prediction accuracy while maintaining low computational cost.
5512h agoDark solitons can undergo Thouless pumping, where they are transported by one or half a unit cell, as a system parameter is slowly varied over one cycle.
5512h agoThe two-component discrete KP hierarchy is a two-component generalization that can be formulated using a Lax equation with scalar Lax operators involving two difference operators.
5512h agoSelf-replicating structures can emerge on their own in a type of artificial life system called cellular automata, and they can be made up of multiple parts working together.
5512h agoSimulating bipartite games on a square lattice topology allows trust to emerge through an inter-role spatial reciprocity mechanism, where a moderate return ratio enables trustors and trustworthy trustees to form clusters.
5512h agoA Bose gas in a trap exhibits a beating signal of two frequencies during dipole compression oscillations, which changes as interactions shift from weak to strong.
5512h agoThe rational spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider model is quantized using quantum Hamiltonian reduction, resulting in an algebra of quantum observables that contains a loop algebra and Yangian.
5512h agoA novel spin-extended so($d+1$,1) algebra provides a framework for discussing properties of a $d$-dimensional matrix Hamiltonian with spin 1/2 and so($d+1$) symmetry.
5512h agoThe tau-function of any solution to the Toda lattice hierarchy is a KP tau-function, and this result can be generalized to the extended Toda hierarchy.
5512h agoThe quantum asymptotic amplitude for quantum oscillatory systems is defined, extending the classical nonlinear oscillator concept using the Koopman operator theory.
5512h agoThe integrability of a heavy gyrostat's motion with a fixed point in the Hess-Sretensky case can be expressed as a second-order linear differential equation with rational coefficients, which has Liouvillian solutions under certain conditions.
5512h agoActive microswimmers can efficiently mix fluids in microscopic systems by stirring the surrounding substrate, and a specific pattern with a local stable vortex droplet and an ordered oscillating phase achieves the highest degree of mixing.
5512h agoOptimizing auxetic metamaterials for both auxeticity and energy absorption reveals a trade-off between the two properties, with high auxeticity implying low energy absorption and vice versa.
5512h agoA statistical mechanics characterization of neural networks reveals nontrivial structural properties that are not captured by conventional metrics, by linking spin-glass description to data fitting, capacity, generalization, and robustness.
5512h agoA 43-qubit superconducting quantum processor simulates and characterizes emergent topological states, demonstrating the Hofstadter butterfly energy spectrum and verifying the existence of topological zero modes.
5512h agoScientists used a superconducting quantum simulator to study spin transport at infinite temperature and observed diffusive spin transport in a ladder-type quantum system.
5512h agoLarge language models are used to integrate knowledge from different fields to design and create new materials, such as a novel pollen-based adhesive with tunable morphology.
5512h agoReinforcement learning helps control quantum many-body systems by preventing entanglement spreading, and learned strategies create steady states with reduced entanglement.
5512h agoTwisted bilayer graphene with a disorderly twist angle has a divergent density of states at the Dirac point when the average twist angle is near the magic angle.
5512h agoTime delay impacts the organization of active matter, and in a system of swarmalators, aging occurs through the elimination of defects, leading to increased order, especially when a "boiling layer" forms at the cluster boundary.
5512h agoA neural network approach can reconstruct the classical mutual information and specific entropy of a quantum system from a limited number of projective measurements.
5512h agoThe quantum Mpemba effect, where systems with greater initial symmetry breaking restore symmetry faster, is observed and controlled in a superconducting processor, and its modulation is demonstrated through precise control of coupling regimes, on-site potentials, and initial states.
5512h agoStudying high-dimensional random landscapes reveals tools and concepts that help understand inference problems, such as low-rank matrix and tensor estimation, by mapping them onto optimization problems with distinct geometrical properties.
5512h agoThe study investigates models with tunable quasidisordered potentials and finds that extended, critical, and localized states can be distinguished by their phase-space representations, and the Wigner entropy peaks at the critical state, enabling precise localization of the mobility edge.
5512h agoA unified description of glassy dynamics can be based on a percolation perspective, where the alpha and beta relaxation processes in supercooled liquids and glasses are linked to the percolation of immobile and mobile particles.
5512h agoThe Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm accurately estimates the Shannon entropy of a quantum many-body system, allowing for detection of quantum phase transitions with polynomially many images.
5512h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
5512h agoThe human visual system uses internal references of physically realizable surface colors to determine when a surface appears self-luminous, and this process can be accurately predicted using optimal colors under natural viewing conditions.
5516h agoThe brain integrates task information into a single representation that guides behavior by concurrently encoding two types of associations: stimulus-response and stimulus-control associations.
5516h agoThe amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and its related measure are clarified through two variants that show mean BOLD intensity is positively correlated with both, requiring normalization, and z-scoring the BOLD signal affects some but not all measures.
5516h agoIndividuals with Parkinson's disease produce more and longer pauses in speech, especially in complex and long sentences, which contributes to fluency disruptions.
5516h agoComputational models of the primate brain can have high prediction accuracy but still have units that are not recoverable from neural activity, revealing a mismatch between model and brain representations.
5516h agoPregnancy causes changes in brain circuits that control appetite, specifically a reduction in excitatory inputs to oxytocin neurons, leading to increased food intake.
5516h agoA biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease risk can be identified in an auditory neural signal using the auditory brainstem response, which can accurately predict AD genetic risk in young and aged animals.
5516h agoPNPO enzyme in GABAergic neurons helps maintain brain function, especially when vitamin B6 is restricted, and its deficiency leads to seizures and short lifespan.
5520h agoMaCBench, a comprehensive benchmark, evaluates how vision language models handle real-world chemistry and materials science tasks.
5524h agoNeuroinflammation increases the risk of behavioral problems in mice with a Shank3 deficiency, and anti-inflammatory treatment can partially reverse these problems.
5524h agoHigher EMG amplitudes below a typical rejection threshold increase the probability of evoking a motor evoked potential with peak-to-peak amplitude of 50V or more.
5524h agoCircadian rhythm disruptions occur in C9orf72-ALS/FTD due to reduced neuronal activity in certain brain cells.
5524h agoVisceral fat removal improves metabolism and cognition in Alzheimer's disease mice, but only in males, and the benefits are linked to changes in glucose and lipid metabolism.
5524h agoMicroglia play a critical role in central nervous system pathologies, and their modulation offers therapeutic potential, with siponimod shown to modulate microglia populations, reducing inflammation and neuronal damage.
5524h agoStriatal function is domain specific, required for task-related movements but not for spontaneously expressed movements.
5528h agoA pancreas-hippocampus feedback loop links metabolic and circadian factors to behavioral fluctuations, potentially contributing to bipolar disorder.
5528h agoAn alternative splicing mechanism explains the retention of a C9orf72 intron segment in a translated mRNA in ALS–FTD neurons.
5528h agoThe sensory cortex's layer structure changes with age, with deep layer degeneration driving overall thinning and layer IV becoming thicker.
5528h agoMachine-learning analysis of single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals human-specific gene expression in immature neurons, but similar biological processes in the hippocampus across species.
5528h agoActivating Gs signaling at mitochondria increases mitochondrial metabolism, leading to better memory in mouse models of dementia, linking brain mitochondrial deficits to cognitive symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
5528h agoTau protein disrupts neural networks by silencing neurons, which can spontaneously recover, but fail to regain normal interactions, leading to a breakdown in network activity and connectivity.
5528h agoThe prefrontal cortex enables flexibility during environmental changes by dynamically updating and maintaining different encodings, and dysfunction in this process leads to maladaptive perseveration.
5532h agoThe brain's attentional resources switch between focusing on the current task and shifting to other locations at a theta rhythm frequency, making people more susceptible to distractors during certain windows of time.
5532h agoThe kappa opioid receptor (KOR) signaling switches from inhibitory to excitatory in a subset of dopamine neurons after an aversive experience or corticotrophin releasing factor exposure.
5532h agoDopamine projections play a crucial role in learning, motivation, and cognition by encoding reward prediction errors that train other neurons to learn reward-associated representations and values.
5532h agoSensory attenuation occurs when people associate their actions with sensory outcomes, and this effect happens even when they have little experience with the association.
5532h agoThe AGO-APP method, which uses the T6B peptide, allows isolating of miRNAs bound to Ago, and this method is now possible in vivo using two new transgenic mouse lines.
5532h agoA network of Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire neurons with temporally asymmetric Hebbian connectivity robustly reproduces a range of sequential neural activities, including persistent and transient patterns, without needing specialized mechanisms.
5536h agoAn ensemble-based graph representation method of fMRI data classifies human cognitive brain states with high accuracy by leveraging multiple machine-learning models to convey richer topological information.
5536h agoA balanced network of neurons with sparse synaptic links behaves like a single neuron subject to effective random noise, with the noise rate determined by the neuron state probabilities.
5536h agoA novel computational model using hierarchical active inference shows that reading and eye movements can be simulated through inference over a hierarchical generative model, facilitating predictions and inferences at various levels of language processing.
5536h agoThe scattering dynamics of kinks in a nonlinear system depend on the parameter λ, with small kinks showing complex behavior, including a non-monotonic critical velocity for separation, resonance phenomena, and the formation of large kinks, while large kinks consistently produce small kinks during collisions.
5536h agoCellular automata provide a simple yet powerful model for studying complex systems and emergent behaviors by representing algorithms through dynamic state-space configurations.
5536h agoModifying the kick sequence in an atom-optics kicked rotor system leads to enhanced localization, displaying a combination of increased diffusion followed by asymptotic localization.
5536h agoDynamical tunneling occurs in quantum systems where a classical particle would be trapped, allowing it to escape through dynamical barriers in chaotic Hamiltonian systems.
5536h agoInteractions between rotors can induce chaos in the integrable linear kicked rotor, and its quantum dynamics exhibit a variety of phases, including classically induced localization, dynamical localization, subdiffusive and diffusive phases.
5536h agoDynamical measures of quantum correlations, including OTOC, Loschmidt echo, and others, are periodic with kick strength k in a quantum kicked top, and this periodicity depends on the number of spins.
5536h agoThe quantum kicked rotor model can be used to implement a quantum algorithm for unstructured search and amplitude estimation, and its dynamical localization property can enhance the algorithm's performance by reducing its average runtime.
5536h agoChaos enhances or impedes the maximum unitarily extractable work from a quantum system, ergotropy, depending on whether the system state is known or unknown.
5536h agoA data-driven learning framework identifies governing laws of generalized diffusions with non-gradient components by combining energy dissipation laws with a physically consistent penalty and first-moment evolution.
5536h agoA novel framework combines Active Inference principles with Large Language Models to develop safe Artificial General Intelligence by integrating safety guarantees into the system's core design.
5536h agoA spin chain model with "free fermions in disguise" is presented where the frustration graph contains both claws and even holes, still allowing for free fermionic solvability due to special relations between coupling constants.
5536h agoThe flow past two side-by-side square cylinders is unstable, with two positive Lyapunov exponents and distinct regions of instability in the near-wake and further downstream.
5536h agoMechanical lattices made of elliptical gears exhibit topologically protected modes and amplitude-driven transitions due to quasiperiodic modulation and geometric nonlinearity.
5536h agoA regulatory framework based on stochastic martingale turnover allows biological systems, such as intestinal immunity, to autonomously achieve balanced population states through mutual cell competition and decay.
5536h agoActive particles with a broken symmetry can form micelles depending on their center of inertia, and this behavior is driven by the interplay of activity and particle shape asymmetry.
5536h agoThe enhanced solute diffusivity model, extended to concentrated alloys, captures solute trapping and microstructure development during rapid alloy solidification, producing robust results for a range of materials and processing parameters.
5536h agoLarger cities and denser neighborhoods have less per-capita built mass because their mass grows at a slower rate than their population.
5536h agoThe chaos in a two-temperature particle model increases nonlinearly with thermostat anisotropy, deviating from expected quadratic dependence, and shows non-Gaussian momentum statistics under strong driving.
5536h agoModifying the kick sequence in an atom-optics kicked rotor system leads to enhanced localization, displaying a combination of increased diffusion followed by asymptotic localization.
5536h agoA balanced network of neurons with sparse synaptic links behaves like a single neuron subject to effective random noise, with the noise rate determined by the neuron state probabilities.
5536h agoActive particles in ultrastable glasses cause a crossover from heterogeneous to homogeneous yielding, leading to continuous and delayed yielding through the emergence of multiple shear bands.
5536h agoThe SIS model on directed complex networks exhibits a nonequilibrium phase transition between the absorbing and endemic phases when the mean degree is greater than or equal to the inverse of the average infection rate.
5536h agoThe Parisi formula for mean-field multi-species spin glasses with convex covariance function can be transformed into a supremum over all probability measures, and it admits a unique maximizer.
5536h agoA primitive form of intuition emerges in large predictive models when they strike a balance between predicting the next token and exploring future possibilities.
5536h agoEquilibrium propagation can be used to compute gradients in hardware for damped dynamical systems, enabling mechanical and electronic systems to autonomously learn and process dynamical signals.
5536h agoEEG gamma power reflects large-scale synchronous activity that is spatially and feature-tuned, while alpha suppression is less spatially tuned and influenced by anticipatory and normalization processes.
5552h agoThe delay in calcium dynamics in neurons is associated with the number of manic episodes in bipolar disorder patients.
5552h agoEye movements encode the semantic meaning of remembered stimuli, specifically the category membership, and this is reflected in human gaze behavior.
5556h agoThe brain regions involved in social interaction, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, have specific causal interactions that change depending on whether an individual is the target of social gaze or directing gaze towards a partner.
5556h agoChanges in neurotransmitter levels, specifically invariant GABA and reduced glutamate, help preserve functional integration in the brain across the lifespan despite structural decline.
5556h agoATXN2 polyQ expansion impairs myelin maintenance, affecting key oligodendroglial proteins and causing splicing anomalies, leading to demyelination and delayed sensory responses.
5556h agoOlder adults rely more on vision to maintain posture control than younger adults, with older adults relying 40% on vision and younger adults relying 33%.
5556h agoNonquantal glutamatergic transmission from type I hair cells generates normal afferent firing patterns and dynamic vestibular behaviors, while glutamatergic release from type II hair cells is required for detecting gravity.
5556h agoImagination of pain activates similar brain areas as actual pain, but does not precisely replicate the specific pain patterns, and instead generates a more widespread and less precise pain-like activity.
5556h agoChanges in evoked EEG amplitude variability can detect cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease patients by showing delayed information processing and altered brain activity.
5556h agoDifferent phase lags in dual-site transcranial alternating current stimulation significantly affect key electric field characteristics, particularly when targeting closely spaced cortical areas like the primary motor cortices.
5556h agoPeak centre of mass acceleration and other measures such as number of reactive steps and perceived exertion are valid measures of balance training intensity that can be used to prescribe and report exercise intensity.
5556h ago3D surface-based computational mapping provides fine-scale maps of brain alterations in neurological, developmental, and psychiatric conditions more sensitively than traditional analysis.
5560h agoSensory inputs reshape collective brain activity by weakening neuronal connections, which integrates separate brain networks and allows for more efficient representation of sensory information.
5560h agoEEG signals can reliably predict the underlying spiking activity in the brain, and using a comprehensive account of EEG features, such as phase, amplitude, and phase-amplitude coupling, improves the accuracy of these predictions.
5560h agoSpontaneous physical activity, such as walking, suppresses the activity of AgRP neurons, which drive hunger-related behaviors, and this suppression encourages concurrent movement and exercise.
5564h agoVisual and vestibular signals from self-motion are processed in separate brain networks that have some overlap in specific areas.
5564h agoTraumatic brain injury causes a biphasic response in human neurons, with an early phase marked by excitotoxicity and network collapse, and a late phase characterized by sustained depolarization and structural remodeling.
5564h agoMicroglia direct the fates of injured motoneurons by adopting different phenotypes, one that promotes degeneration and another that facilitates regeneration, through TREM2 signaling.
5564h agoThe accumulation of mutant huntingtin exon1 protein partly explains the varying levels of damage in different brain regions and cell types in Huntington's disease.
5564h agoMultiple representations of a visual stimulus exist in the cortex at the same time, using different formats such as category, meaning, and location to keep the stimulus in memory.
5576h agoDifferent neural circuits shape alpha oscillations in the brain, with corticothalamic interactions in the back and corticocortical interactions in the front, and these interactions change with age.
5580h agoMammalian neocortex function relies on layer 6 corticothalamic neurons forming excitatory connections preferentially with parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons, rather than with other excitatory cells.
5580h agoImpaired autophagy correlates with a-Synuclein pathology and neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease models derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
5580h agoThe right side of the prefrontal cortex suppresses the brain's ability to learn from patterns in the environment, and its inhibition leads to more exploratory processing.
5580h agoThe brain encodes a multidimensional representation of uncertainty, specifically the probability of the most likely word and the spread across all plausible alternatives, when processing speech.
5580h agoWhen people receive new information that conflicts with their existing memories, their brains show a distinct pattern of activity in the prefrontal cortex, initially decreasing and then increasing, as they update and reorganize their memories.
5580h agoIn people with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, brain atrophy starts in the cerebellum and brainstem and progresses in a consistent pattern, affecting motor, cognitive, and emotional control regions.
5580h agoIndividuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have reduced early auditory responses to speech cues, including typical and complex sounds.
5580h agoMutations in the GRIK2 gene lead to intellectual disability, developmental delay, motor impairments, and epilepsy in individuals by causing a gain-of-function in the kainate receptor.
5580h agoActivating projections from the left to the right medial prefrontal cortex during stress prevents stress-induced behavioral changes in mice, while inhibiting these projections increases vulnerability to stress effects.
5580h agoLarge language models are increasingly important in social science research, and guidance is provided on how to validate and use them as rigorous tools.
5584h agoAn action potential at a single excitatory synaptic contact in the cerebellar cortex can release more than one vesicle.
5584h agoAdolescent females at high risk for depression have a distinct gut microbiota profile characterized by a higher abundance of Prevotella and lower levels of beneficial genera, linked to their advanced adrenarcheal development.
5592h agoFocal lesions in different parts of the primary motor cortex produce distinct deficits in reach and grasp movements in rhesus monkeys, with New M1 lesions affecting movement variability and Old M1 lesions affecting movement speed.
5592h agoCocaine use disorder leads to changes in brain activity, marked by lower energy in brain networks, particularly in regions related to noradrenaline and mu opioid receptors, and affects a person's ability to control impulses and make decisions.
5604h agoWorking memory content drifts over time in the brain, changing from the original information to errors in memory reports, and this process involves information flowing from higher to lower visual areas.
5604h agoContinuous sensory feedback helps the brain make ongoing adjustments to motor control by engaging a dynamic feedback loop involving distinct neural processes.
5604h agoSerotonin plays a crucial role in regulating the time window for forming associations between environmental cues and threats, and helps distinguish real threats from irrelevant stimuli.
5604h agoAction requirements shape temporal prediction in the human cortex by amplifying error signaling when a response is needed.
5604h agoBeta oscillations play a key role in flexible prioritization of working memory content by clearing or inhibiting stimuli, with decreased beta power predicting the accuracy of recalled information.
5604h agoGreater neural sensitivity to feedback supports better motor learning, and cortical excitability related to memory consolidation supports better motor skill retention.
5604h agoRobotic and computer vision assessments detect differences between symmetrical and asymmetrical reaching, but provide varying metrics, with moderate correlations between the two approaches for unilateral and symmetric reaching but not for asymmetric reaching.
5604h agoRapamycin increases vascular smooth muscle cell protein expression in mesenchymal stem cells by acting on a key regulatory pathway, and also boosts a protein that promotes blood vessel growth.
5604h agoLarge language models can simulate language disorders such as aphasia when their components are selectively disabled, and retraining the remaining healthy parts can restore linguistic function.
5608h agoRe-entry of travelling excitation loops in brain networks drives human seizures, and precise stimulation or small lesions can stop these loops.
5608h agoThe covariance eigenvalue distribution of neural population activity can be precisely understood using equations that account for the nonlinearity of neurons, providing a unified interpretation for changes in the spectrum and dimension across different dynamical regimes.
5608h agoThe fractal frequency mapping enables complex neuronal effects by exciting new spectral components through fractal recomposition of input spectra, resulting in high sensitivity detection and robustness to noise.
5608h agoThe kinetic energy distribution of random recurrent neural networks shifts from zero to a positive value at a critical coupling variance, showing a power-law behavior near the critical point.
5608h agoA scalar reduction method determines the existence and stability of phase-locked states in forced or coupled systems, capturing their emergence and disappearance as a function of coupling strength and heterogeneity.
5608h agoA rational elliptic surface of rank 2 is defined by the invariant foliation of the plane for a given integrable map, and another integrable map commuting with the first is constructed.
5608h agoHighly frustrated magnets have a special high-energy dynamical state where interactions are suppressed, leading to unstable periodic orbits and a power-law distribution of amplitudes in mid-spectrum thermal eigenstates.
5608h agoThe kinetic energy distribution of random recurrent neural networks shifts from zero to a positive value at a critical coupling variance, showing a power-law behavior near the critical point.
5608h agoThe covariance eigenvalue distribution of neural population activity can be precisely understood using equations that account for the nonlinearity of neurons, providing a unified interpretation for changes in the spectrum and dimension across different dynamical regimes.
5608h agoA three-stage hyperspherical encoding method generates turbulent fields with accurate energy spectrum, vortex structures, and intermittency using a small number of qubits.
5608h agoActive Inference provides a foundation for developing autonomous AI agents that learn from experience without needing continuous human reward engineering.
5608h agoTopological modes of variability provide a concrete link between abstract topological invariants and time-dependent behavior in complex systems.
5608h agoStochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) effectively calibrates Pyragas delayed feedback control to suppress chaos in the Sprott circuit by optimizing control parameters.
5608h agoThe process of relaxation toward equilibrium in a quantum system is orders of magnitude faster than in its classical counterpart because a wave packet can escape regions of inefficient transport by a mechanism like tunneling.
5608h agoA minimal model proposes that self-propelled topological defects in a nematic active solid move by local remodeling of the nematic texture, leading to unbinding of defect pairs and stabilization of +1 defects.
5608h agoInstabilities in binary immiscible homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate are dominated by large vortex productions and sound-wave propagations, with different types of instabilities showing distinct behaviors in terms of vortex dynamics and sound wave excitations.
5608h agoCavity polaritons exhibit quantum collective behavior, including analogues of Bose-Einstein condensate and superfluidity at high temperatures, and their dynamics are affected by energy relaxation processes.
5608h agoAbrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
5608h agoIncreasing the effective temperature of charge carriers in organic semiconductors enhances conductivity and device performance.
5608h agoDisorder in Rydberg atom arrays leads to new classes of criticalities, even in low spatial dimensions where conventional disorder would destroy criticality, due to nontrivial local constraints.
5608h agoA novel framework combining shadow tomography and machine learning models enables efficient classification of quantum phases of matter using abundant training data from quantum simulators.
5608h agoA simple protocol using random SWAP tests achieves the same fidelity as the optimal Schur transform in purifying qubits, allowing for the extraction of information invariant under qubit permutations.
5608h agoThe partial projected ensemble framework reveals that statistical fluctuations and bit-string probabilities track the causal lightcone of information spreading in quantum many-body systems, showing how scrambling dynamics are encoded in ensemble structure.
5608h agoThe localization transition in a one-dimensional system with a composite potential has a reentrant phenomenon where increasing the amplitude of the periodic component enhances localization and strengthens mirror symmetry, leading to a paradoxical effect on the formation of extended states.
5608h agoHopfield networks with vector spins can denoise corrupted input patterns at large capacities as the spin dimension grows, but their retrieval phase shrinks with growing spin dimension.
5608h agoLattice anomalies, which are topological invariants of symmetry actions in lattice systems, reproduce expected properties of QFT anomalies but also have crucial differences, including the existence of non-trivial anomalies that are infrared trivial.
5608h agoTau protein plays a role in regulating synaptic function by controlling the actin cytoskeleton, and its elimination enhances synaptic weakening in male rats.
5608h agoUltrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) imaging through intact skull and skin allows high-resolution vascular imaging of the brain in non-human primates, enabling detection of small vessels and measurement of blood flow velocities.
5608h agoThe human cortex has distinct regional functionality governed by specific gene regulatory networks and transcription factors that control cell-type and region specificity.
5608h agoCK2 drives astrocytic inflammation by enhancing NF-kappaB activity, and its inhibition reduces inflammation in Alzheimer's disease models, making it a promising therapeutic target.
5608h agoMutations in the PROM1 gene cause inherited retinal dystrophy, and researchers have now successfully used gene therapy to restore PROM1 expression and improve visual function in patient-derived cells and mice.
5608h agoThe new energy landscape analysis framework, ELA/GAopt, uses a genetic algorithm to automatically select brain regions of interest and characterize brain activity, revealing reproducible and generalizable results that can aid in discovering neuroimaging biomarkers for clinical conditions.
5608h agoThe site of traumatic brain injury affects neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage, with different areas of impact leading to distinct microglial activation and neuronal vulnerability.
5608h agoZeoBind, an AI-accelerated workflow, enables the discovery and experimental verification of hits within chemical spaces containing hundreds of millions of zeolites.
5612h agoHuman behavior is replicated well by large language models, but deviates in important ways that could mislead social scientists.
5612h agoZeoBind enables high-throughput screening of molecules for zeolite synthesis by enumerating 2.3 million organic structure-directing agents and developing predictive models for binding affinity.
5612h agoCross-fostering affects hippocampal development in degu pups, with different effects in males and females, and in different regions of the hippocampus, depending on the type of cross-fostering.
5612h agoThe free-energy principle explains brain function through a unified theory, and works well in modelling how neurons organise themselves in living animals during decision-making.
5612h agoHybrid males adjust their courtship strategies based on the female species they interact with, and their behavior is shaped by their genetic background and the maternal strain.
5616h agoThe study finds that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has incoherent flow in the human brain's subarachnoid space, detectable using T1-D and T2-D MRI methods.
5620h agoAdding a vascular network to midbrain organoids creates a more complex model that better mimics the brain, allowing for studies on neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.
5620h agoExcessive sympathetic signaling in the autonomic nervous system is linked to cardiac dysfunction, and research in a mouse model finds that a specific neuronal subpopulation (NA1b) is increased, along with M-current potassium ion channels and genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and neurodegeneration pathways.
5620h agoThe visual cortex is organized by an action gradient, with areas that respond to body parts, hands, tools, and manipulable objects arranged along a specific axis.
5620h agoTranscranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) induces neuroplastic changes that persist, and when applied to the early visual cortex, it reduces visual evoked potentials in the opposite visual field in a dose-dependent manner.
5620h agoThe posterior parietal cortex monitors behavioral outcomes and reorganizes its neural representation as monkeys learn new visual-motor associations over multiple days.
5620h agoHuman iPSC-derived microglia, neurons, and astrocytes can be co-cultured in a stable and self-sufficient brain microtissue, allowing for investigation of cell-cell interactions and providing a new approach to study normal and pathological brain processes.
5620h agoThe miR-290-295 cluster is exclusively expressed in dopamine neurons of the adult substantia nigra pars compacta, where it maintains locomotor function and adequate dopamine production by regulating protein synthesis.
5624h agoLower concentrations of soluble SORL1 in cerebrospinal fluid are found in people with impaired SORL1 function due to genetic variants.
5624h agoDopamine signaling in the tail of the striatum helps regulate how mice adapt to unpleasant stimuli and learn to seek rewards.
5628h agoOxytocin receptor neurons in the prefrontal cortex promote social interaction by regulating the activity of pyramidal neurons to enable the choice of social over non-social options.
5628h agoMutations in the ATRX gene disrupt the development of brain regions, leading to intellectual disability, autism, and brain structural abnormalities, including impaired connectivity between the cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum.
5628h agoSex differences in emotional learning are driven by non-specific baseline differences in exploratory behavior, not by differences in learning valence.
5628h agoThe gene MEIS1 plays a conserved role in sleep maintenance, and its loss impairs cerebellar development and leads to sleep fragmentation.
5628h agoSodium ions spread rapidly within dendrites after a glutamate stimulus, causing a quick redistribution and recovery from local sodium increases, mainly driven by concentration differences.
5628h agoPsilocybin induces network-specific changes in brain connectivity, strengthening inputs from perceptual and medial regions to subcortical targets while weakening cortico-cortical recurrent loops.
5628h agoA new graph-diffusion network model simulates cortical maturation while preserving subject-specific cortical morphology, enabling the identification of subtle deviations from normal brain development patterns.
5632h agoThe combination of Active Inference and the Drift-Diffusion Model accounts for cognitive effort arising from habit violation and value discriminability, but has mixed results in predicting behavioral data from a two-step task.
5632h agoInvoluntary eye movements become less accurate as the dynamic properties of a ride-on machine change, making it harder to maneuver and increasing cognitive load.
5632h agoThe study of rodent social behavior now uses computational methods in artificial intelligence and machine learning to provide more nuanced insights, replacing traditional approaches that introduce bias and miss complexity.
5632h agoA new framework proposes tests to determine if artificial intelligence systems can have consciousness-like properties by assessing their interface representations.
5632h agoA new framework characterizes judgments of similarity within a perceptual or semantic domain, and makes inferences about the underlying structure of this domain from these judgments, by deriving indices that assess compatibility with symmetric dis-similarity, ultrametric space, and additive tree.
5632h agoThe brain's structural organization shapes its functional capabilities, and a new algebraic quantum model bridges the gap between the two by linking the brain's physical architecture to emergent brain functions.
5632h agoMotor cortex activity for controlling reach-to-grasp movements is concentrated in patches that are spatially organized, with separate areas for reaching and grasping.
5632h agoAction potentials are accompanied by a synchronized soliton pressure pulse in the cell membrane and consist of three inseparable states: the physiological action potential, the action potential pulse, and the computational action potential.
5632h agoBayesian models of cognition use predictive coding, which relies on simple local computations to drive learning and behavior through hierarchical probabilistic inferences about sensory inputs.
5632h agoRecurrent neural networks can generalize infinitely to data far beyond their training set when trained on a simple but nonlinear task with sufficient finite training experience.
5632h agoA hybrid system combining a neural network with a simulated system helps improve predictions of chaotic dynamical systems by refining model predictions to synchronize with actual system dynamics.
5632h agoThe adiabatic gauge potential generates special canonical transformations in classical systems, and its gradient can be computed efficiently as a classical function to reproduce expected results in simple and integrable systems.
5632h agoScientists derive conditions for glider patterns in Asymptotic Lenia, a variant of Conway's Game of Life, and use these conditions to discover novel glider configurations with specific properties.
5632h agoThe Central Dogma of molecular biology can be generalised as a division of labour between transmitting and expressing information, with nucleic acids perpetuating information and proteins enacting it to facilitate their function.
5632h agoIntegrability is a key property in studying the duality between superconformal gauge theories and strings in anti-de Sitter superspaces, and a representation of null-string equations in (anti-)de Sitter space is obtained as a Lax equation.
5632h agoA general framework combining phase-space reconstruction, recurrence matrices, and convolutional neural networks accurately predicts precursors to extreme events in turbulent dynamical systems.
5632h agoSupersymmetry algebras are used to construct expressions for invertible braid operators, which can be turned into spectral parameter dependent R-matrices that help create integrable models.
5632h agoCluster algebras generate Weyl group actions through a graph-combinatorial approach, providing a systematic way to derive tropical representations and relevant to q-Painleve equations.
5632h agoNon-normal dynamics in complex systems can cause transiently unstable regimes, called pseudo-bifurcations, which produce early-warning signals similar to those of bifurcations, but occur before actual bifurcations and may make systems appear closer to a critical point than they are.
5632h agoTopological protection makes edge oscillations in a two-dimensional grid of coupled oscillators robust against parameter mismatches, noise, and defects.
5632h agoA hypothetical condition links the thermal conductivity of nanoscale low-dimensional systems to the canonical motion of the Toda lattice, with numerical simulations confirming that the potential energy function induced from nonequilibrium steady states matches that of the Toda Lattice.
5632h agoA class of 2x2 random-matrix models with constrained matrix elements has been introduced, which exhibits the Brody distribution as the exact eigenvalue spacing distribution.
5632h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term and short-term memory and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
5632h agoThe frequency of generated time crystals in a one-dimensional quantum droplet is correlated with the system's temperature.
5632h agoDisorder and quenched interactions modify the static and dynamic properties of three-dimensional disordered quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensates, enhancing quantum depletion and condensate deformation in the asymptotic steady state.
5632h agoSlow dynamics in brain activity emerge naturally in networks of spiking neurons with partial symmetry in their connections.
5632h agoThe localization transition in the disordered Aubry-Andr\'e}-Harper model depends on the structural complexity of the potential, with more complex potentials inducing immediate localization.
5632h agoThis thesis develops analytical methods to study stochastic processes driven by colored noise, focusing on active particle systems, and derives exact expressions for key observables, including mean first-passage time and exit probability.
5632h agoQuantum circuit complexity helps build efficient unsupervised machine learning for topological order in quantum many-body systems by connecting with fidelity change and entanglement generation.
5632h agoThe magnetic localization landscape approach captures key features of quantum state localization in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect, revealing spatial confinement regions and predicting eigenstate energies.
5632h agoA novel method optimizes transport properties in quantum networks by leveraging a single diagonalization of the system generator to tailor both the Hamiltonian and dissipative contributions.
5632h agoThe driven dynamics of localization transitions in a non-Hermitian Disordered Aubry-André model follow the Kibble-Zurek scaling under different boundary conditions.
5632h agoOxide-interface based electronic devices with multiple programmable functionalities enable the creation of scalable, silicon-compatible, and energy-efficient integrated circuits for advanced computing and decision-making tasks.
5632h agoThe brain's structural organization shapes its functional capabilities, and a new algebraic quantum model bridges the gap between the two by linking the brain's physical architecture to emergent brain functions.
5632h agoThe collective amplitude Schmid-Higgs mode in disordered superconductors and superfluids exhibits late-time oscillations that decay at a certain rate, and its dynamics lead to specific spatial and temporal behaviors.
5632h agoFoundation Neural-Network Quantum States (FNQS) leverage foundation model principles to define variational wave functions that can generalize to various quantum systems and tasks, enabling efficient estimation of challenging quantities and uncovering of quantum phase transitions.
5632h agoA network of coupled oscillators can learn to solve a classification task through its nonlinear evolution, using a combination of long-term and short-term memory and an evolution law that updates the system in response to new examples.
5632h agoThe study of Random Field $O(n)$ Models shows that the magnetization exhibits a continuous phase transition for a Gaussian disorder distribution, but a continuous or first-order transition with tricriticality for a bimodal disorder distribution.
5632h agoA new solver uses a neural network to efficiently find good solutions to complex optimization problems by learning the structure of the problem and adapting to different levels of solution precision.
5632h agoA quantum neural network on quantum computers classifies MNIST images better than a classical neural network, especially for borderline cases, by using qubit rotations and measurements to introduce quantum uncertainty.
5632h agoMitochondria serve as reservoirs for intracellular and extracellular calcium-phosphate and can contribute to its pathological buildup in the brain through a process involving migrasomes.
5636h agoInfrared light can stimulate deep-brain regions without surgery, offering a potential new way to treat neurological disorders.
5640h agoA miniaturized microscope can image neural activity in freely moving animals with high precision, capturing voltage spikes at a rate of 530 Hz.
5640h agoAlpha power in EEG resting-state measures is a reliable predictor of long-term memory performance in adults, and it positively correlates with memory performance in this population.
5640h agoDepression in people with Huntington's disease gene expansion is linked to distinct changes in brain connections, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus, which occur independently of brain tissue loss.
5640h agoThe synaptic structure in the input layers of the primate primary visual cortex differs from the output layer, with a higher proportion of multisynaptic boutons containing mitochondria in input layers 4C, which are structurally adapted to support high synaptic efficacy.
5640h agoThe Sardine software framework enables robust control of experimental setups by connecting independent modules that interface with hardware devices or process data, and delivers fault-tolerant hardware control and streamlined data processing.
5644h agoThe HMC3 cell line does not reliably represent human microglial cells, instead showing the highest similarity to astrocytes.
5644h agoAlcohol exposure leads to neuroimmune dysregulation, microglial activation, and increased production of soluble TREM2, potentially contributing to the development of cognitive impairments and alcohol-associated dementia.
5644h agoMotilA is a Python-based image analysis pipeline that quantifies fine process motility of microglia from 3D time-lapse fluorescence microscopy data and can be extended to analyze dynamic morphological changes in other cell types.
5644h agoWalking affects how people detect changes in sounds, with brain responses to sound changes fluctuating with each step, and the brain reallocating sensory resources to optimize perception during movement.
5644h agoBreathing low-oxygen air protects mice from Parkinson's disease-like neuronal loss and reverses symptoms.
5648h agoIncreasing serotonin levels has sex-specific effects on fear learning in mice, enhancing fear memory in females by promoting communication between the BNST and amygdala.
5648h agoMarkov models of voltage-gated ion channels are sensitive to different parameters in specific ways during activation and deactivation phases, with forward transitions influencing activation and reverse transitions influencing deactivation, and transitions between closed states having minimal impact on overall current.
5648h agoEarly life chronic stress changes the activity of certain brain cells, specifically serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, leading to altered responses to stress and changes in behavior.
5648h agoStress affects people differently, and brain imaging can identify biomarkers that predict who is more likely to be resilient or vulnerable to stress.
5652h agoPre-existing knowledge helps people learn new information quickly if it matches what they already know.
5652h agoThe brain reinstates visual content from nearby past events when it re-encounters a familiar visual stimulus, and this effect is linked to activity in the hippocampus and is stronger for events that are remembered.
5652h agoThe processes of oligodendrocyte precursor cells increase in total length during the first two months of postnatal life in mice by adding new branches to existing processes, not by creating new ones.
5652h agoChildren with autism spectrum disorder have reduced broad-band neural responses to auditory stimuli, especially at low frequencies, which correlates with their IQ and age.
5652h agoGreater activity in the cholinergic system helps people with higher self-regulation sustain attention during simple tasks.
5652h agoMusic enhances visual statistical learning by reorganizing large-scale brain networks, allowing people to better segment continuous visual streams into events and learn sequential relationships.
5652h agoMind wandering is associated with impaired inhibitory control but enhanced learning of probabilistic sequences, and the improvement in learning is directly linked to the decline in inhibitory control.
5652h agoThe human brain's functional and structural connections show different patterns of correlation when analyzed at the network level versus the edge level.
5656h agoNerve impulses consist of three inseparable states: the physiological action potential, the action potential pulse, and the computational action potential, with the physiological action potential being important for neural connectivity but not for computational processes.
5656h agoParticle trajectories on a cone with an elliptical boundary can behave in three ways: sample the entire base while avoiding the apex, sample only part of the base while avoiding the apex, or uniformly sample the entire cone surface.
5656h agoThe PDE formulation of Asymptotic Lenia allows for rigorous analysis of complex behaviors using dynamical systems theory, enabling a mathematical explanation for distinct solution classes and conditions for complex behavior.
5656h agoThe symmetric non-Stäckel variable separation for the three-dimensional extension of the Clebsch model uses the same separation curves with genus five.
5656h agoThe Hess case and its extension to a gyrostat allow the motion of a heavy rigid body or gyrostat with a fixed point to be integrated in quadratures under certain conditions.
5656h agoThe dynamic response of objects larger than the wavelength to acoustic radiation forces can be accurately modeled using Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems (SINDy), which derives nonlinear equations of motion from data.
5656h agoA nonlocal version of the massive Thirring model and its solutions are presented, including solitons, double-pole solutions, and algebraic solitons.
5656h agoA non-reciprocal version of Model B shows that mobility coefficients play a crucial role in non-reciprocal mixtures, affecting stability and spinodal dynamics, and can lead to complex transitions and multiple lengthscales.
5656h agoThe immune system's response to cancer shows a sharp phase transition in learning, and it acquires a certain amount of information about cancer cells over time.
5656h agoA class of 2x2 random-matrix models is introduced, where the Brody distribution is the exact eigenvalue spacing distribution, and matrix elements are constrained finite sums of exponential random variables.
5656h agoSimple Lie groups of types B and C can be described using axially symmetric weighted planar networks that have certain Poisson properties and parametrize the totally nonnegative part of the groups.
5656h agoSmall-amplitude periodic traveling wave solutions of the Novikov equation are spectrally unstable to long-wavelength perturbations if their wave number is greater than a critical value, but are spectrally stable if their wave number is less than the critical value.
5656h agoA two-dimensional polariton fluid driven by a plane electromagnetic wave can have topological excitations, such as domain walls of relative phase or confined half-vortex molecules, due to the system's spinor nature.
5656h agoA two-temperature model shows nonlinear dissipation scaling and chaos with controlled deviations from equilibrium, producing a fractal attractor and non-Gaussian momentum statistics.
5656h agoA higher-order Ising formulation for Max-3-Cut preserves valid configurations under single-spin updates, resulting in smoother energy landscapes and faster solutions on analog Ising machines.
5656h agoThe quantum annealing Ising model on random graphs exhibits a transition from localized to chaotic to integrable behavior as connectivity changes, which is reflected in various indicators of quantum chaos.
5656h agoA systematic method can construct topological band insulators without translational symmetry in amorphous systems by reducing disordered systems to isospectral effective periodic systems.
5656h agoOxide-interface based electronic devices with multiple programmable functionalities enable the creation of scalable, silicon-compatible, and energy-efficient integrated circuits for advanced computing and synaptic logic operations.
5656h agoSparksMatter, a multi-agent AI model, autonomously designs inorganic materials by generating ideas, executing experiments, and refining results to propose candidate materials that meet target objectives.
5656h agoA new kind of exceptional point degeneracy emerges in a synthetic frequency dimension, enabling the design of wavefronts with targeted frequency conversion and flat transmission spectra.
5656h agoClass imbalance in machine learning slows down training and reduces performance, but a new theoretical framework helps analyze and address the issue by identifying different sources of imbalance and providing practical guidelines.
5656h agoInteractions profoundly influence the spread of quantum magic in disordered many-body localized systems, causing it to grow in a power-law manner.
5656h agoSPARCS, a novel architecture search protocol, enables the exploration of possible neural network architectures and yields a simple, efficient architecture with minimal expressivity and reduced parameters.
5656h agoIncreasing the concentration of Na2O in (TeO2)1-x-(Na2O)x glasses leads to structural depolymerization, which creates Na-rich channels that enhance ion mobility.
5656h agoLocalization is perturbatively stable under weak interactions, with corrections to local integrals of motion converging for at least some fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
5656h agoMagnetometers offer a promising alternative to existing technologies for silent speech recognition, enabling robust, generalizable, and user-friendly systems that can accurately decode speech in wearable devices.
5660h agoThe human brain rapidly learns to recognize visual objects through neurons in the occipital and medial temporal lobe regions that adjust their activity to encode new visual information.
5660h agoDead cells obtained through heat treatment provide some functional and anatomical benefits for spinal cord injured mice, but are not suitable as cellular controls for cell transplantation studies.
5660h agoThe Concept2Brain model generates synthetic neural responses that closely resemble those observed in naturalistic scene perception, allowing users to predict brain responses to any semantic concept or picture.
5660h agoA high-resolution virtual brain twin approach estimates the epileptogenic network using stimulation-induced seizures, offering a step toward non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
5664h agoNeurons with distinct internal configurations can exhibit equivalent behaviors and transition through the same critical activity regimes, such as bursting and seizure-like activity, despite having different biophysical properties.
5664h agoThe refresh rate of overhead projectors used in visual system experiments impacts the perception of fast moving objects at the retinal, cortical, and psychophysical levels.
5664h agoT5 cells in the visual system of Drosophila receive input from Tm and CT1 neurons via eight types of polyadic synapses, which are arranged spatially based on the preferred direction of motion.
5664h agoStochastic neural oscillations can arise as quasi-cycles or stochastic limit cycles in neural systems with Hopf bifurcations, and noise can induce quasi-limit-cycles that mimic limit cycles from deterministic systems.
5664h agoA thalamostriatal circuit mechanism allows internally constructed outcomes, such as safety, to acquire motivational value through experience, by recruiting specific neurons and synapses to modulate dopamine release.
5676h agoThe developing brain processes salient stimuli differently in each infant, with individual-specific response patterns emerging in perceptual processing, while early auditory processing is similar across individuals.
5676h agoTransiently expressing reprogramming factors in human fibroblasts for just 3 days allows these cells to turn into neurons when Neurogenin-2 is overexpressed.
5676h agoEmotional content and linguistic structure of speech affect prefrontal brain connectivity during real-life conversations.
5676h agoNonlinear science has evolved over 35 years, and this Focus Issue brings together contributions on topics such as network dynamics, machine learning, and chaos, influenced by David K. Campbell's research.
5680h agoEntropy measurements of neuron cells can be refined to peak at the equilibrium potential of ions, allowing for analysis of living cell behavior and potential detection of differences between tumour and normal cells.
5680h agoThe hypergraph structure, with algebraic connectivity, identified brain areas with functional changes in Alzheimer's disease, and showed a link between tau biomarkers, brain activity, and cognitive decline.
5680h agoThe brain's functional network changes from childhood to adulthood, developing from a locally modular organization to a highly segregated and specialized system that balances internal and external demands.
5680h agoCITS, a new method, infers causal neural circuits from high-resolution time series data, uncovering interpretable and stimulus-specific causal connections between brain regions.
5680h agoA new dataset of high-precision three-dimensional reconstructions of 9,676 neurons at the whole-brain scale is being made publicly available to support algorithm development and brain circuit modeling in neuroscience research.
5680h agoThe refresh rate of overhead projectors used in visual system experiments impacts the perception of fast moving objects at the retinal, cortical, and psychophysical levels.
5680h agoThe retina uses two different inhibitory mechanisms, feed-forward and recurrent feedback inhibition, to predict the position of a moving object, with feed-forward inhibition working better at slower speeds and recurrent feedback coupling working best at a specific speed.
5680h agoObject-based attention is more perceptually effective than feature-based or global attention, and object-based and spatial-based attention engage distinct neural mechanisms.
5680h agoCombining synapse pruning with a learning-based compensation strategy creates lightweight spiking Transformer models that use fewer parameters and less computing power while keeping performance competitive.
5680h agoA large-scale comparison of Explainable AI methods on 45,000 brain MRIs reveals that two widely used methods, GradCAM and Layer-wise Relevance Propagation, often fail to accurately identify predictive features, while a simpler method, SmoothGrad, proves consistently accurate.
5680h agoA new class of models called the 'distributional mean-field' model accurately describes the activity of large neural populations in the brain by constraining the full probability distribution of activity along selected projections.
5680h agoA new framework characterizes judgments of similarity within a domain and infers the underlying structure by deriving indices from empirical judgments of relative similarities.
5680h agoA brain graph foundation model called BrainGFM uses graph contrastive learning and graph masked autoencoders to pre-train on large-scale fMRI data, enabling it to generalize across different brain representations and adapt to various neurological and psychiatric disorders.
5680h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle.
5680h agoCombining complex-valued representations with Kuramoto dynamics to promote neural synchrony improves deep learning models' ability to encode multiple objects in visual scenes.
5680h agoReciprocity, not barter, was the foundational economic logic in early human societies, and it can be explained by a simple framework based on individual recognition, reciprocal credence, and cost-return sensitivity.
5680h agoLinguistic diversity emerges on a fully connected network when agents with shared features interact based on homophily and social influence, and zealots spreading innovations affect the population's linguistic configurations.
5680h agoThe solutions presented for modelling rogue waves do not satisfy the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
5680h agoSolitons in lattices with the non-Hermitian skin effect come in two distinct phases: skin-mode-assisted solitons, which originate from the skin effect, and nonreciprocity-dressed solitons, which stem from band nonreciprocity.
5680h agoGenerative AI outputs can mysteriously change from correct to misleading or wrong without user notice, causing losses and risks, due to a hidden tipping instability that can be triggered by user prompts and AI training bias.
5680h agoThe rupture of a single liquid bridge in a chain of spheres linked by liquid bridges causes a fragmentation cascade.
5680h agoThe efforts to promote pro-vaccine science through online interventions have not changed the fundamental architecture of the network, with pro- and anti-vaccination views remaining isolated and interconnected.
5680h agoExciting the transverse breathing mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate produces longitudinal collective excitations in pairs through a process similar to cosmological particle production.
5680h agoBosons in a quasi-2D plane with repulsive interactions exhibit Poisson distribution and regular energy spectra in the moderate interaction regime, but chaotic behavior in the strong interaction regime, with rotation enhancing chaos.
5680h agoCoordinated self-organisation in granular systems emerges when a small subset of configurations are more stable than the rest and survive longer despite noise.
5680h agoCollective behaviours self-organise to criticality to achieve optimal efficiency in balancing predictability with energy costs.
5680h agoThe Boussinesq equation has an integrable hierarchy constructed using the Lie-algebraic approach, with finite-gap hamiltonian systems arising on coadjoint orbits in a loop algebra, leading to exact solutions expressed as multiply periodic functions.
5680h agoThe small Raman effect stabilizes the profile of dispersive shock waves in optical fibers during long-distance propagation of optical pulses.
5680h agoRetailers tend to cluster together in certain areas because consumers prefer to visit zones with many shops, leading to a unique and more robust prediction of retail distribution when using a global maximization approach.
5680h agoThe two-spinon excitations dominate the field-field correlator of the Tonks-Girardeau gas at low temperatures.
5680h agoCombining complex-valued representations with Kuramoto dynamics to promote neural synchrony improves deep learning models' ability to encode multiple objects in visual scenes.
5680h agoLarge buildings are on average 24% more energetically efficient per unit size than smaller buildings, and their efficiency is sensitive to external disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
5680h agoMatrix models are presented whose partition functions are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy, including new models associated with products of spheres with embedded graphs.
5680h agoA quantum annealing approach estimates the ground state energy of the Sherrington-Kirpatrick mean field spin glass model with an energy of -0.7623 to -0.7629, close to the best known estimate of -0.7632.
5680h agoOscillatory Neural Networks solve Sudoku puzzles by using phase synchronization, outperforming Hopfield Neural Networks, especially with up to 20 unknown values.
5680h agoNonlinear science has evolved over 35 years, and this Focus Issue brings together contributions on topics such as network dynamics, machine learning, and chaos, influenced by David K. Campbell's research.
5680h agoThe linear dispersiveness of light introduces topological aspects into light scattering in random media, leading to phenomena such as topological protection against localization and exotic phases.
5680h agoAging curves constructed from finite-cooling-rate data and traditional aging experiments do not match because rejuvenation, not cumulative aging, causes discrepancies between the two.
5680h agoCoupling to electromagnetic cavities induces a critical phase in the Aubry-Andre-Harper model, where extended, localized, and fractal eigenstates coexist, modifying the traditional transport phase diagram.
5680h agoNeural quantum states exhibit the double descent phenomenon, where generalization worsens as network size increases before improving again, but typically operate in an underparameterized regime where bigger networks can degrade generalization.
5680h agoBosonic systems with Gaussian unitary evolution exhibit information-scrambling diagnostics similar to chaotic systems, despite being integrable.
5680h agoPeople prioritize kinematic cues about others' choices over theoretical assumptions about rational behavior when coordinating, abandoning their default preferences for higher payoffs when reliable movement cues indicate a different choice.
5688h agoParkinson's disease patients show distinct changes in motor cortex interneuron excitability after paired associative stimulation, which relates to prefrontal brain volume and baseline motor cortex excitability.
5688h agoMicroglia swapping may treat ALSP.
5692h agoNeurons feed tumors.
5692h agoScientists use big data to classify Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
5692h agoListening to music depends on the brain combining its individual elements, and researchers found that increasing musical complexity creates new neural patterns but decreases their reliability.
5692h agoA wearable robotic extra limb becomes part of a person's body representation when it enables actions that are not otherwise possible, not just when it substitutes for existing abilities.
5692h agoThe nonhallucinogenic psychoplastogen tabernanthalog promotes neuroplasticity through 5-HT2AR activation without immediately increasing extracellular glutamate levels or immediate early gene expression.
5696h agoDysregulation of immune-related microglial functions is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, according to a comprehensive transcriptomic dataset of human primary microglia.
5696h agoThe human brain uses multiple types of spatial feature representations and coordinate systems to encode spatial locations in 3D perception across different brain regions and time.
5696h agoOxytocin-producing neurons in different parts of the brain drive distinct social behaviors, with those in the anterior and posterior paraventricular nucleus having different roles in social approach and vigilance.
5700h agoBrain dynamics shift closer to criticality during wakefulness and shift away during deep sleep.
5700h agoSleep patterns in Germany show a clear east-west gradient, with people in western regions sleeping later, and a north-south gradient, with people in northern areas having more social jetlag and shorter sleep duration.
5700h agoThe cortical indexes for arousal and awareness are reflected in spectral slope and spectral entropy or complexity, respectively.
5700h agoAlpha-beta power in the ventral attention network increases before stimulus onset and helps resist distraction by inhibiting irrelevant information, and theta power in this network and the cognitive control network also correlates with faster reaction times.
5700h agoMicroglia regulate neuronal circuit function during inflammation, and their APOE4 genotype increases neuronal excitability by communicating with neurons through exosomes and lipid droplet metabolism.
5700h agoPIEZO2 channels are not the only mechanosensitive channels that mediate rapid-adapting mechanosensitive currents in sensory neurons.
5700h agoMunc13-1-mediated priming of synaptic vesicles controls short-term facilitation and post-tetanic potentiation at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses through Ca2+-phospholipid and Ca2+-calmodulin signaling, which is necessary for working memory formation.
5700h agoToy models help develop and evaluate scientific theories of consciousness by clarifying frameworks, testing assumptions, and illuminating philosophical challenges.
5704h agoAnimals navigate their environment by switching between two internal states that influence how they respond to sensory input, with one state favoring steady movement and the other favoring sharp turns.
5704h agoNeural-decoding studies have overestimated decoding accuracies by 4.46-7.42% due to a repeated-stimulus confound that occurs when models are trained and evaluated on responses to the same stimuli.
5704h agoA microfluidic device with hexagonal wells and channels supports stable flow regimes for developing an organoid computing platform from neurons in vitro.
5704h agoA new approach combining synthetic biology, neuroscience modeling, and neuromorphic electronic systems creates an artificial system that mimics the natural sense of smell with a hybrid system of synthetic sensory neurons.
5704h agoThe HuiduRep framework extracts robust features from extracellular recordings, enabling accurate spike sorting without ground truth labels, and outperforming state-of-the-art tools.
5704h agoMixed Reality technology needs to incorporate multi-modal data streams and multi-agent interaction capabilities to enable meaningful social experiences that replicate human embodiment and socio-motor interaction.
5704h agoA system's stability can be ensured if it can return close to its original state over small but precisely defined durations within each period of disturbance.
5704h agoThe Whitham-Broer-Kaup hydrodynamic system is linked to quantum and resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and a novel n+1-dimensional extension of this system is constructed.
5704h agoRandom matrix product unitary ensembles reproduce Haar values of higher-order out-of-time-ordered correlators for local observables with only polynomial bond dimension, indicating the emergence of freeness and randomness in complex quantum systems.
5704h agoGeneral rogue waves of infinite order are primarily concentrated on one side of a specific curve in space-time coordinates, with their asymptotic behavior described by elliptic functions and modulated solitons.
5704h agoBayesian strategies that adapt to new evidence can resist invasion by reactive strategies and foster cooperation to sustain a resource-rich state in social dilemmas.
5704h agoMicrobial populations evolve to balance growth rate and adaptation time by allocating resources based on learned patterns of environmental transitions.
5704h agoA higher-order Ising formulation for solving combinatorial optimization problems with multi-valued integer variables results in smoother energy landscapes and leads to faster solutions on an analog Ising machine.
5704h agoEdge solitons in nonlinear electric circuits can be topologically nontrivial or trivial, and transitions between them are experimentally demonstrated in a trimer electric circuit lattice.
5704h agoCertain dynamical observables in chaotic systems exhibit a statistical similarity, described by the same rate function, even when constructed with different functions.
5704h agoCoupled Tchebyscheff maps have analytic expressions for periodic states, and their stability depends on the parameter choice, with some ranges showing exponentially slow dynamics.
5704h agoThis study develops information theory to understand how memoryful agents process information over time as they move through complex environments.
5704h agoIon-acoustic waves in a dusty plasma are investigated using two methods, Sagdeev pseudopotential analysis and reductive perturbation theory, which yield consistent soliton profiles when compositional parameters are appropriately selected.
5704h agoNeural quantum states exhibit a double descent phenomenon, where generalization worsens as network size increases before improving again, but typically operate in an underparameterized regime where larger networks can degrade generalization.
5704h agoDisorder in one-dimensional Heisenberg chains leads to a multifractal phase with quasi-localized spin correlations under strong disorder, and ergodic behavior with delocalized correlations under weak disorder.
5704h agoA new approach allows obtaining arbitrary excited states of quantum systems at a given energy by combining the shift-invert mechanism with imaginary time evolution.
5704h agoTopological invariants can be defined in real space and are equivalent to momentum-space invariants, with Chern and winding markers emerging as leading-order terms in a perturbative expansion.
5704h agoAvalanches are more pronounced in models with constraints than in those without, and are the mechanism behind the transition from many-body localization to the thermal phase.
5704h agoThe quantum Random Energy Model undergoes a localization-delocalization transition at finite energy density and shows an unconventional scaling of the fractal dimension near the ergodic fixed point.
5704h agoAmorphous materials with different stability levels exhibit distinct creep deformation behaviors under imposed shear stress, ranging from monotonic strain rates in least stable samples to non-monotonic S-shaped curves in more stable samples.
5704h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree and hub density.
5704h agoSustained inhibition of MOR signaling disrupts affective and nociceptive processing, and the habenula plays a key role in mediating anxiety-like behavior and pain sensitivity.
5704h agoRetrograde optogenetics reveals functional visuo-motor convergences within the frontal eye field-superior colliculus projection in behaving macaques.
5704h agoPyMouseLifter accurately reconstructs 3D mouse poses from ordinary 2D top view videos with minimal manual annotation, enabling improved behavior classification in various laboratory settings.
5704h agoElectroacupuncture stimulation opens the blood-brain barrier in rats by making molecular and cellular changes in the brain, which could lead to more effective drug delivery.
5716h agoElectrical stimulation is more effective at evoking desired brain responses when applied near specific network regions in the brain, which can be identified using functional mapping.
5720h agoAdolescents have lower awareness of their internal bodily sensations, despite similar ability to detect heartbeats and focus on bodily sensations as adults.
5720h agoTMS-induced pupil dilations serve as an objective proxy for cortical excitability, with larger pupil size reflecting higher cortical excitability.
5720h agoTinnitus starts with heightened sensory reactivity in the brain, but this reactivity decreases over time as the condition becomes chronic.
5720h agoTraumatic cervical spinal cord injury triggers different neuroimmune responses and repairing mechanisms depending on the type of injury, with C2HS promoting a microglia profile toward repair and C3HC leading to a prolonged and potentially harmful immune response.
5720h agoA single circuit in the mouse primary visual cortex can either complete or cancel predictable sensory activity, depending on the number of stimulated cells and interactions between pyramidal cells and somatostatin interneurons.
5724h agoThe infralimbic cortex stores inhibitory memories that can be retrieved and used across many inhibitory procedures and distinct motivational contexts.
5724h agoExercise-derived extracellular vesicles increase hippocampal neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis in sedentary mice.
5724h agoGastrointestinal symptoms and autism spectrum disorders are linked, with gut problems potentially aggravating autism symptoms and vice versa, through a complex interplay between the digestive system, gut bacteria, and nervous systems.
5736h agoA co-designed neuromorphic computing and neural network system efficiently and affordably models ionic and electronic interactions in large-scale material systems.
5744h agoShank3 loss enhances postsynaptic AMPAR function and alters the balance between calcium-permeable and calcium-impermeable AMPARs at mossy fiber-cerebellar granule cell synapses, which may contribute to cerebellar-related behavioral deficits and autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology.
5748h agoHuman cortical neurons mature physiologically hundreds of times slower than those in mice, following a unique developmental timeline that continues well into adulthood.
5756h agoCalcium Network dynamiCs (CaNetiCs), an open-source toolbox, uses Nonnegative Matrix Factorization to analyze neuronal calcium signals, providing a framework for standardized dimensionality reduction and deeper exploration of neuronal network dynamics.
5756h agoCorrective sub-movements act as instructive signals for feedforward learning, helping to integrate feedback responses with anticipatory control signals in the cerebellum.
5756h agoA new framework identifies three distinct neurophysiological biotypes in youth with mental health conditions, which challenge conventional psychiatric diagnoses.
5756h agoLocust olfactory neural circuitry can differentiate between bacterial biofilm and planktonic cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with up to 96% accuracy by detecting their distinct odors.
5756h agoTraumatic brain injury disrupts the protein glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), leading to specific breakdown products in patient biofluids that can be used to monitor injury severity and predict patient outcomes.
5756h agoHox5 proteins are required for the proper organization and specialization of brainstem neurons that control breathing.
5756h agoAlpha-synuclein pathology impairs neuronal activity and alters local population activity in the visual cortex, but this change helps preserve visuoperceptual function in mice.
5756h agoKIAA0408 gene helps regulate the diversity of neural cells by controlling cilium formation, and its absence impairs brain organization and causes abnormal cell development.
5756h agoMitochondrial transplantation changes the metabolic architecture of glioblastoma cells, sensitizing adaptable subtypes to therapeutic stress by inducing bioenergetic overextension.
5756h agoA new method helps correct brain scan problems caused by patient movement, realigning the scan area to its correct position and reducing errors.
5756h agoNeural sensitivity to learned patterns emerges independently of explicit recognition, and brain responses to familiar and unfamiliar sequences differ, reflecting the extraction of regularities from sensory input.
5756h agoSerotonin released from the dorsal raphe nucleus modulates neural activity in all recorded brain regions and induces a rapid switch in internal state, but does not change behavior during a perceptual decision-making task.
5756h agoThe retina uses two different inhibitory mechanisms, feed-forward and recurrent feedback inhibition, to predict the position of a moving object, with feed-forward inhibition working better at slower speeds and recurrent feedback coupling working best at a specific speed.
5756h agoTwo distinct sets of serotonin neurons control the change in female behavior towards infants across reproductive stages, with one set promoting care and the other suppressing interaction.
5756h agoStress increases mitochondrial activity, and this stress mitochondrial response is linked to brain metabolites and cortical thickness, particularly in the medial prefrontal cortex.
5756h agoThe expression of human tau in nematode neurons leads to age-associated changes in neuronal structural integrity, which can be worsened by stress and tau phosphorylation.
5756h agoAPP-CTFβ, a product of APP, accumulates at excitatory synapses and regulates glutamatergic synaptic transmission, causing hyperexcitability that is later counteracted by monomeric Aβ.
5756h agoThe transcription factor Hunchback generates neuronal diversity in progenitors and regulates neuronal connectivity in mature neurons to produce a properly tuned behavior.
5756h agoChronic social subordination stress from birth is associated with negative health and cognitive aging outcomes in macaques. (or alternatively and more simply) Macaques that experience chronic social subordination stress from birth have negative health and cognitive aging outcomes.
5756h agoDeletion of microRNA MIR-9-2 leads to severe brain abnormalities, including embryonic cerebral hemorrhages and hydrocephalus, and disrupts gene networks in the developing brain.
5756h agoThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex helps construct vivid mental images, not just abstract representations.
5760h agoDynamic Graph Neural Networks classify electroencephalography signals by capturing temporal changes in brain networks, outperforming previous methods in detecting abnormalities and epilepsy.
5760h agoA stable maternal body temperature is crucial for normal fetal development, and changes in it can cause fetal abnormalities and growth retardation.
5760h agoMANF levels in the brain decline with age, and this decline impacts neurobehaviors in an age- and sex-specific manner, with MANF deficiency affecting motor coordination, learning, memory, and social behavior.
5760h agoThe Better OSCillation (BOSC) detection method identifies sleep spindles more accurately than traditional methods by applying frequency-specific power thresholds calibrated to the signal itself.
5760h agoInfants develop the ability to detect synchrony between their heartbeat and external events during the first year of life.
5760h agoIndividual sensory biases influence functional connectivity in brain networks, particularly between sensorimotor regions and default mode network nodes, and are characterized by specific patterns of neural activity.
5760h agoHumans' inferences about others' intentions are biased by what they choose to observe, with selective observation creating an asymmetric effect that depends on the sequence of events.
5760h agoHigher levels of attention during movement are associated with stronger communication between sensorimotor areas of the brain and greater activation in attention-related networks.
5760h agoInterpersonal interactions that combine multiple sensory modalities lead to shared sensorimotor representations and change how individuals process multisensory information, resulting in reduced cross-modal integration and altered neural patterns.
5760h agoChanges in brain activity with age can be seen in EEG and MEG recordings, and a new approach provides a comprehensive profile of these changes, enabling robust assessment and comparison of brain health markers in ageing.
5760h agoLTP at excitatory synapses on VIP-INs in the mouse barrel cortex depends on metabotropic glutamate receptor type1 and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and involves presynaptic expression with retrograde signaling through endocannabinoids.
5760h agoThe entorhinal cortex helps people recognise and apply generalisable information from past experiences to new situations by forming neural patterns that highlight similar features.
5760h agoA computational model of cartwheel interneurons in the auditory system captures the diversity of their activity patterns and predicts how changes in parameters influence their behavior.
5760h agoA new head-mounted microscope allows near-simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity from five separate planes across multiple cortical layers in freely moving mice, revealing differential pattern sequences in layer 5 and layer 2/3 neuronal subpopulations during free decision making.
5760h agoShared neural representations between sensory presence and absence arise from multiple distinct mechanisms, with different brain regions encoding visual-structured or language-structured knowledge representations that vary in their association with imagery experience.
5760h agoThe intrinsic Spike Time Tiling Coefficient (iSTTC) provides more accurate estimates of neural timescales, especially with sparse, noisy, or epoched neural spike data, than traditional approaches.
5760h agoA Western diet induces early glucose intolerance and worsens metabolic, retinal, and vascular impairments in APOE4 mice, and a control diet does not prevent retinal dysfunction.
5760h agoCochlear implant stimulation activates the auditory cortex differently than acoustic stimulation, with distinct network activity dynamics, making it hard for the brain to interpret electrical signals as sound.
5760h agoThis protocol enables wide-field optical brain imaging in awake mice, allowing visualization of the dorsal cortex and measurement of brain haemodynamics, energy metabolism, and intracellular parameters.
5760h agoProlonged exposure to anesthetics isoflurane and dexmedetomidine during MRI is associated with a higher proportion of axons with myelin decompaction.
5760h agoObject contextual cueing does not emerge consistently across individuals, and its effect depends on individual cognitive styles or learning tendencies.
5760h agoCats, especially pet cats, are a natural model system for studying human aging because they share similar patterns of aging and brain atrophy with humans.
5760h agoIndividual neurons specialize in simple functions, and functionally similar cells are highly dispersed across brain regions, with each region containing cells of nearly all response types.
5760h agoA new imaging method called MR-AIV maps fluid flow in the brain, revealing a landscape of slow and rapid fluid movement that could help understand how the brain clears waste.
5760h agoLhx6-positive GABAergic neurons in the zona incerta regulate sleep pressure, and their activation varies across subgroups, with Nkx2-2-positive neurons responding strongly and Calb2-positive neurons responding weakly.
5760h agoA new computational approach using adaptive non-negative basis function regression allows for precise manipulation of neural circuits by optimizing stimulation sites and reducing off-target stimulation in two-photon optogenetics.
5760h agoThe brain prioritises valuable experiences for learning by using hippocampal "ripple" events and coordination with the lateral frontopolar cortex to update high-value, unvisited options first.
5760h agoThe influence of persistent inward currents on motor neuron discharge behaviour changes throughout the day, with a greater effect in the late afternoon than in the early morning.
5760h agoThe CA2 region of the hippocampus shows a short-term inflammatory response and limited neuronal death after status epilepticus, with microglial responses potentially protecting it from sustained inflammation and damage.
5760h agoGalvanic vestibular stimulation alters the perception of one's own upright body orientation in relation to gravity, particularly with right-sided anodal stimulation.
5764h agoThe default mode network and language network in the brain switch between active tasks and brief resting states, with the default mode network's activity changing depending on the task complexity.
5764h agoThe connectome of a fruit fly reveals a neural control system that is distributed, parallelized, and tightly connected to effectors, with local sensory cells influencing effector cells through local feedback loops and long-range circuits.
5764h agoIncreased oxygen concentration influences intrinsic neural activity in distinct patterns across brain regions, with heightened activation during inhalation, an undershoot after withdrawal, and reactivation without continued oxygen.
5764h agoThe brain's activity patterns are governed by intrinsic mechanisms that control the evolving population activity through a high-dimensional vector field, which is shaped by neural connections and membrane capacitance.
5764h agoNotch3 signaling levels control quiescence and stemness in neural stem cells, and are regulated by interactions with ligands deltaA and jagged1b.
5764h agoPsychological trauma causes fear memory in mice by forming new connections between visual, auditory, and prefrontal cortices and strengthening existing ones, and this process requires KiF1a-mediated intracellular transportation in the medial prefrontal cortex.
5768h agoThis study uses a large language model and EEG data to simulate how the brain's metabolic activity changes when forming sentences, and finds that adding random variance helps the model reflect real biological variability.
5768h agoPrenatal stress prevents disruptions to inhibitory neurons in the amygdala caused by adolescent stress, which may help protect against changes in social behavior.
5768h agoBOLD variability increases in primary sensory-sensorimotor and proto-DMN regions during early development, accompanied by changes in cortical microstructure and gene expression.
5768h agoEstrogen receptor beta on dopamine neurons in the brain drives nicotine use in females by regulating neuron excitability and nicotine self-administration.
5768h agoAeon, an open-source platform, enables continuous study of natural behaviours in multiple mice and simultaneous brain activity recording, allowing researchers to link neural circuit activity to adaptive behaviours.
5768h agoADGRL3 modulates dopamine release in complex ways through different pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms, affecting dopamine-related behaviors and potentially contributing to ADHD risk.
5768h agoConfidence and surprise are linked to specific brain areas, and their distribution across the brain is partly explained by the density of receptors and transporters.
5768h agoHumans remember experiences unevenly, recalling central ideas better than details, and a new model proposes that this happens because the brain uniformly samples information over time, prioritizing moments that have the most connection to the rest of the experience.
5768h agoPredictive routing explains how the brain processes visual information, with different brain wave frequencies conveying prediction errors and temporal prediction errors during a visual task.
5768h agoThe axon initial segment, a region where action potentials are initiated, can rapidly reorganize within minutes in response to high activity, and astrocytes release a calcium-binding protein called S100{beta} that is required for this reorganization.
5768h agoBroca's area superficial white matter connections support language in a bilaterally distributed manner, and are associated with language performance in both adolescents and adults.
5768h agoNeurons in the dorsal horn, previously thought to be itch-specific, actually consist of distinct subtypes that mediate either itch or mechanical pain through different expressions of the Tachykinin-1 gene.
5768h agoPeople with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have elevated levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in their blood and neuronal extracellular vesicles, which are linked to abnormal brain lactate levels and developmental stress and trauma.
5772h agoBetter sleep health is associated with larger hippocampal volumes, especially in the anterior subfields, and enhanced cognitive performance in healthy young adults.
5772h agoParkinson's disease involves a link between cortical atrophy in certain brain areas and abnormal brain activity, which could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.
5772h agoBrain inflammation leads to iron accumulation in the brain parenchyma through a novel mechanism involving extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from the brain microvasculature (BMV) that are enriched with iron.
5772h agoThe power-law scaling in neural activity data can emerge from heterogeneous, non-interacting units with spatially structured activity, without requiring critical interactions.
5776h agoA novel distance metric, the Alpha-Z Bures-Wasserstein divergence, improves identification rates of individuals from functional connectomes, outperforming traditional and state-of-the-art methods across multiple task conditions and spatial resolutions.
5776h agoBrain anatomy and dynamics have a complex network structure that plays a key role in both brain function and dysfunction.
5776h agoNeuroAR, a novel brain aging simulation model, synthesizes the aging brain with high fidelity by predicting future structural evolution from an earlier MRI scan.
5776h agoBrain tumor-induced disruptions in neural dynamics before surgery predict postoperative working memory decline, and presurgical brain scans can accurately forecast this decline.
5776h agoA new framework accurately segments neuronal topology in large-scale neuroimaging data by using a deep network and novel evaluation metric, reducing errors in neuron reconstruction.
5776h agoMixed Reality technology needs to incorporate multi-modal data streams and multi-agent interaction capabilities to enable truly meaningful social experiences.
5776h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference from previous information accumulates, with errors often caused by retrieving previously overwritten values.
5776h agoThe small Raman effect stabilizes the profile of dispersive shock waves in optical fibers during long-distance propagation of optical pulses.
5776h agoThe mKdV equation hierarchy is integrated using algebraic geometry methods, resulting in a generic form of finite-gap solutions expressed in terms of generalized Weierstrass functions.
5776h agoCortical activity in the brain exhibits features consistent with turbulent wave systems involving both single and dual cascades and a mixture of 3- and 4-wave interactions.
5776h agoNetworks of physical interactions between molecules contribute to information processing inside cells, particularly through biomolecular condensation, which can perform complex computations.
5776h agoODR-BINDy, a novel method for model discovery, consistently outperforms existing methods in recovering the correct model from sparse and noisy datasets.
5776h agoZonal jets in turbulent flows have sharp interfaces with heavy-tailed distributions of fluctuation speeds and exhibit scale invariance, complex statistics, and fractal nature.
5776h agoThe Koopman operator's spectrum has a multiplicative lattice structure for discrete-time dynamical systems, but not necessarily for discrete-time stochastic processes.
5776h agoSubharmonic entrainment occurs when a locking oscillator synchronizes with a fraction of an external periodic signal frequency, and researchers have now identified a vectorial form of this phenomenon where weak external signals can entrain internal laser dynamics through vectorial coupling.
5776h agoUsing spin interactions proportional to the signs of spins, rather than their continuous amplitudes, is the most effective approach to solving Boolean Satisfiability problems with analog Ising machines.
5776h agoDegenerate solitons in the coupled Hirota system exhibit time-dependent velocities and their relative distance increases logarithmically with a higher-order perturbation parameter.
5776h agoThe correlation functions of open quantum spin 1/2 chains with unparallel magnetic fields on the edges are derived for XXZ spin 1/2 chains using the quantum Separation of Variables framework.
5776h agoThe spectrum and eigenstates of the XXZ spin-1/2 open chain can be characterized using the Separation of Variables framework when boundary fields are related by a constraint.
5776h agoSocial interactions influence people's opinions, and a model where opinion updates depend on the weighted median of interacting individuals' opinions shows that the final opinion distribution depends on the network structure.
5776h agoFinite R-matrices are constructed for the first fundamental representation of two-parameter quantum groups for classical Lie algebras, using decomposition into irreducible submodules and evaluation of the universal R-matrix.
5776h agoThe nonlinear Li\'enard equation can be derived from a more general equation, mapped to the harmonic oscillator, and exhibits a bi-Hamiltonian character with two distinct types of Hamiltonians that can be quantized to explore bound states.
5776h agoThe equation $\ddot{x} - (1/2x) \dot{x}^2 +2 \omega^2 x -1/8x =0$ has an infinite number of equispaced energy levels in its quantum spectrum.
5776h agoMETAFORS, a new forecasting method, enables accurate predictions of dynamical systems from limited time-series data by generalizing knowledge across related systems.
5776h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model shows a complex pattern of entanglement and non-stabilizer resources in its chaotic four-body interactions, but not in its integrable two-body interactions.
5776h agoDisordered 2D materials can host stable metallic and semimetallic phases, similar to their 3D counterparts, when constructed using a special method that reduces their dimensionality.
5776h agoDynamical freezing, a mechanism that breaks down thermalization in driven systems, is observed experimentally and used to enhance quantum sensing in an ensemble of interacting nitrogen-vacancy spins in diamond.
5776h agoPost-selected random proximity measurements induce random spatial localization of particles in a quantum fluid, while preserving macroscopic homogeneity.
5776h agoNetworks of physical interactions between molecules contribute to information processing inside cells, particularly through biomolecular condensation, which can perform complex computations.
5776h agoLocal quantum measurements can reveal global properties of an unknown quantum network, such as average degree, hub density, and number of closed paths.
5776h agoProjected topological branes, constructed from square lattice-based models, encode key signatures of topological phases, including robust zero-energy modes and quantized local topological markers, despite lacking the original lattice's symmetry.
5776h agoThe study finds that the dynamic critical exponent of the three-dimensional Heisenberg model with random cubic anisotropy is around 2.3-2.5.
5776h agoA novel training scheme accurately predicts optimal protein folds in lattice protein models by using masking and Dilated Recurrent Neural Networks.
5776h agoThe statistics of the top eigenpair of diluted covariance matrices can be computed using the replica method, yielding a set of recursive distributional equations that allow for efficient evaluation of the density of the top eigenvector's components.
5776h agoThe Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model's ground state has a Majorana spectrum that follows a Gaussian distribution, which is different from the exponential Laplace distribution of the non-chaotic SYK2 model.
5776h agoA novel "synaptic field theory" describes the training dynamics of synaptic weights and biases in deep learning by treating them as fields and their indices as spatial coordinates.
5776h agoCytoplasmic TDP-43 disrupts neuronal signaling and behavior early in disease progression, causing impaired serotonin-dependent behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans models.
5776h agoThe lateral hypothalamus contains a conserved neural population that expresses specific receptors and helps regulate appetite in response to hunger, food cues, and metabolic hormones.
5780h agoSOX2-mediated reprogramming of NG2 glia improves bladder function in spinal cord injury by inducing adult neurogenesis, reducing glial scarring, and promoting urinary performance.
5780h agoA modular framework of recurrent neural networks enables robust transfer and resilience to noise in embodied AI by learning stable yet flexible representations.
5780h agoThe Vglut3-IRES-Cre mouse line specifically labels C-LTMR neurons in the dorsal root ganglia, which have mechanically activated ion channels that respond to force.
5780h agoThe cerebral microvasculature has a built-in system that helps maintain blood flow to the brain even when some capillaries stall or are damaged, by having a mix of capillary types with different flow patterns.
5780h agoThe action potential is a coupled electro-thermodynamic process that actively enhances its own strength and reliability by using entropy generated by the electrical signal to accelerate its kinetics.
5780h agoCortical and sensory inputs activate distinct components of the brainstem masticatory circuitry, with the parvocellular reticular formation (PCRt) being a point of convergence.
5780h agoDevelopmental exposure to the flame retardant PBDE disrupts social behavior and oxytocin signaling in mice, but this disruption can be prevented with thyroid hormone supplementation.
5780h agoPreparatory brain activity increases with postural complexity during step initiation, with diagonal stepping showing greater brain activity in areas responsible for attention and motor control than straight stepping.
5780h agoPhysMAP, a new framework, uses multiple electrophysiological modalities to identify cell types and understand how they interact to drive circuit dynamics.
5780h agoObesogenic diets and psychosocial stress have specific effects on brain regions, with diet effects being transient and stress effects being long-term and persistent.
5780h agoThe structure of the brain, specifically its geometry, helps explain how brain function works, and geometric eigenmodes can reconstruct the spread of a seizure through the brain better than other approaches.
5784h agoSaccades impair spatial memory but not colour memory, and specific failures in initial encoding and memory decay, rather than the saccadic updating process, account for spatial working memory deficits in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
5784h agoTau protein disrupts the normal firing of dopamine neurons, leading to hyperexcitable states and impaired burst firing, which could contribute to psychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.
5784h agoHigh-resolution fMRI with spin echo (SE) sequence provides slightly better spatial specificity than gradient echo (GE) sequence, but both techniques show decreased specificity towards the pial surface due to macrovascular contributions.
5784h agoThe respiratory phase causally influences the neural preparation for voluntary movement, with the brain optimizing voluntary action execution during phases when breathing-related motor activity is minimal.
5784h agoFamiliar and personally meaningful music activates a network of brain regions, including the superior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, amygdala, and cerebellum, to represent different emotions.
5784h agoThe neural circuits that integrate emotional and cognitive evaluations mature with age, refining moral decision-making from intuitive childhood judgments to context-sensitive adult decisions.
5784h agoThe CD33 gene, involved in the immune system, interacts with the CD45 gene and this interaction contributes to Alzheimer's disease susceptibility and impaired clearance of amyloid beta.
5784h agoNon-coding variants in CD33 alter risk for Alzheimer's disease by changing how the CD33 receptor interacts with other proteins, leading to downregulated protective microglial functions.
5784h agoSlow dynamics naturally emerges in balanced networks of spiking neurons with partial symmetry in synaptic connectivity, leading to long-lived fluctuations and multiple equilibrium states.
5784h agoThe brain uses visual and somatosensory cues to determine arm position for motor planning and control, with the visual cues having a strong influence on the perceived position, especially in certain directions.
5784h agoThe superior colliculus has five types of neurons with different properties, and fragile X syndrome changes the proportions and properties of these neuron types.
5784h agoIncreasing balance demands boosts the processing of sensory input from the foot and activates more sensorimotor regions in the brain.
5784h agoTonic motor neurons can reinnervate fully denervated muscles and form new connections when neighboring muscles are deprived of their normal inputs.
5784h agoInfants as young as one month old show different brain responses to various auditory stimuli, and these responses vary between infants from different populations.
5784h agoChemerin-CMKLR1 signaling regulates mitochondrial function, autophagy, and oxidative stress in a cell-type-specific way in microglia and neurons during ischemia-reperfusion injury.
5784h agoA new pipeline called LUPE helps analyze opioid withdrawal behaviors in mice by accurately detecting some behaviors, such as grooming and rearing, and provides a foundation for standardized behavior quantification.
5784h agoSleep stage affects fNIRS-measured brain responses to auditory stimuli differently in one-month-old infants from different populations.
5784h agoA partner representation influences involuntary visuomotor feedback responses during cooperative tasks, enabling people to rapidly coordinate actions with others.
5784h agoNon-pharmacological interventions in older adults strengthen brain networks and preserve brain organization, with the dorsal attention network playing a key role in maintaining brain function and improving global cognition.
5784h agoObservers predict action targets mainly through kinematic cues, not visual patterns, as prediction performance improves with more kinematic information and differs between target size choices.
5784h agoA novel imaging chamber made of titanium allows for long-term optical recordings from the marmoset cerebral cortex with high optical quality over months.
5784h agoAuditory cortex neurons project to different visual cortical areas, broadcasting distinct auditory information, with sound frequency information sent broadly and sound location information sent selectively to areas matching their spatial processing specialisations.
5784h agoA tri-culture system of human neurons, astrocytes, and microglia reveals that microglia activate astrocytes through the TLR4 receptor during neuroinflammation, leading to increased neuronal excitability.
5784h agoA neural mass model of the marmoset auditory and pre-frontal cortex shows that simulated response delays to deviant stimuli are comparable to experimental measurements, with auditory areas responding in 136 ms and pre-frontal areas in 139-174 ms.
5784h agoPrimed MSC secretome improves structural and functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury by enhancing neurotrophic factor secretion and promoting axonal regeneration and myelination.
5784h agoThe diversity of excitatory synapses in the brain is spatially organised along the dendritic tree of individual neurons, and this organisation emerges from a minimal set of cell biological processes including protein synthesis, trafficking, and local regulation.
5784h agoPathogenic KCNQ2 variants cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (KCNQ2-DEE) by enhancing Ca2+-activated small conductance potassium (SK) channels, leading to irregular spike timing and enhanced bursting in neurons.
5784h agoPsilocybin prolongs blood flow responses in the brain without changing neural activity, which can lead to incorrect conclusions about brain connectivity when using certain imaging methods.
5784h agoThe complex interplay of membrane currents in the dendritic tree drives neuronal activity, and a new method can measure and visualize how these currents contribute to the neuronal output.
5784h agoHDAC inhibitors, particularly those targeting HDAC-6, protect photoreceptors from degeneration in a mouse model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
5788h agoDSCAM overproduction contributes to impaired neuronal development, reduced neural connectivity, and intellectual disability in Down syndrome.
5788h agoMale flies integrate sensory cues from song and taste in different ways depending on the social situation, using a linear combination for overall social interactions, song alone for aggression, and a nonlinear combination of song and female taste for courtship.
5788h agoSleep restriction affects younger and older adults differently, with older adults showing resilience and younger adults suffering from negative impacts on brain network responses and cognitive ability.
5788h agoFunctional connectivity increases with epilepsy duration and with exposure to interictal spikes in children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes.
5788h agoHigh-molecular-mass hyaluronan does not protect against age-related hearing loss in mice engineered to produce it, suggesting its protective effects work through a different pathway than those of calorie restriction.
5788h agoAcute stress makes athletes more accepting of unfair decisions, and this is linked to changes in brain activity in areas responsible for decision-making and emotion processing.
5788h agoHyperphosphorylated tau disrupts normal metabolic states and excitatory tone by preserving glucose tolerance, altering fuel utilization, and shifting the excitatory/inhibitory balance towards increased glutamatergic activity.
5788h agoAcute restraint stress after training impairs the retention of aversive memories in rats by altering neurochemical signalling, specifically disrupting the normal activity of proteins C-fos and Zif268 in the brain.
5788h agoScientists have developed a protocol to prepare viable human spinal cord slices for acute electrophysiological recordings, bridging the gap between animal research and human treatments.
5788h agoABCA7 regulates Glu-GABA neurotransmission and protects against neurotoxicity by reducing glutamatergic transmission and promoting neurotransmitter degradation.
5788h agoNeuromodulators improve sensory processing in spiking neural networks by decreasing reaction times and enabling rapid dynamic gain control, leading to better performance in challenging tasks like speech recognition in noise.
5788h agoKetamine's pain-relieving and dissociative effects are independent and are caused by different brain mechanisms.
5788h agoHumanized rats with a replaced transferrin receptor 1 axis can functionally express human proteins, but show varying degrees of iron regulation abnormalities depending on the gene dosage.
5788h agoRepetitive mild traumatic brain injury causes cumulative effects on consciousness and leads to progressive olfactory impairment, with sex-dependent microglial activation in brain regions such as the corpus callosum and neocortex.
5788h agoCD206+ meningeal macrophages prevent the spread of pain hypersensitivity after a minor injury in male rats, but not in female rats.
5788h agoExpressing the LRIT3 gene in rods or cones of mice with a form of congenital stationary night blindness restores or improves retinal function and visual acuity.
5788h agoActivation of brain Retinoid X Receptors enhances cognition and facilitates amyloid-beta clearance in Alzheimer's disease by upregulating Apolipoprotein E and modulating multiple cellular responses in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells.
5788h agoAntibiotics disrupt spatial cognition in mice by altering brain metabolism and blood-brain barrier integrity, but butyrate supplementation can preserve cognitive function.
5788h agoSounds presented during sleep improve recall of weakly encoded spatial memories, but adding odors linked to remembering or forgetting disrupts this improvement.
5788h agoAdolescents show age-related changes in brain chemicals, with older adolescents having higher levels of certain chemicals and lower levels of others, and more alcohol use is associated with lower levels of a brain chemical linked to healthy brain function.
5788h agoBrain activity for remembering is not a single general process, but rather a combination of different processes that are shared across tasks.
5788h agoNeuromodulators like norepinephrine influence breathing by modulating properties of different types of neurons in the preBotzinger complex, allowing for both robust and flexible control of breathing.
5788h agoAlzheimer's disease causes dopamine neurons in the brain to receive stronger excitatory inputs, which can lead to increased firing and altered dopamine signaling.
5788h agoLearning and effort-based decision-making interact to motivate behaviour, with people's willingness to exert effort influenced by their individual learning and subjective beliefs, and disruptions in this process linked to motivational difficulties.
5788h agoA novel AI-assisted framework accurately predicts engagement and cognitive outcomes in older adults during cognitive training by assessing attentional resources through facial expressions and heart rate variability.
5796h agoGrid cells in the brain form a map of the world by associating internal position estimates with external cues, and their representations evolve over time as mice learn to navigate in new spaces.
5796h agoThe atypical adhesion GPCR ADGRA1 is essential for hippocampal inhibitory synaptic function, particularly in PV and SST interneurons, and its deletion impairs learning and memory.
5796h agoThe superior colliculus encodes the transition from static to dynamic vision, and distinct neural responses occur in the brain when visual stimulation changes from low to high frequency.
5796h agoChronic stress causes sex-specific changes in behavior and mitochondrial function in the brain and adrenal glands, with females showing decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased vulnerability to stress-induced dysfunction.
5796h agoThe triplication of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene on chromosome 21 contributes to developmental and Alzheimer's disease-related changes in Down Syndrome.
5796h agoPerceptual comparison of similar visual dimensions can induce memory distortions, with visual dimensions more prone to distortion than semantic dimensions.
5800h agoLearned feature representations in computational models can be biased to over-represent certain features and under-represent others, posing challenges for understanding a system through representational analysis.
5800h agoDepression and suicidality alter brain activity in response to emotional content, with affected individuals showing earlier, stronger, and longer-lasting neural responses.
5800h agoPerception starts with probabilistic threshold crossings shaped by photon arrival statistics and biological variability, not with deterministic transduction, when light interacts with the retina.
5800h agoA biologically inspired model of spiking neurons based on a damped, driven pendulum captures richer temporal features and supports timing-sensitive computations for sequence processing and symbolic learning.
5800h agoThe human brain shows stronger activation in the medial prefrontal cortex when interacting with human opponents than with artificial intelligence agents during social interactions.
5800h agoA novel computational framework called HOI-Brain uses signed higher-order interactions in fMRI data to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism spectrum disorder.
5800h agoInput reconstruction in echo state networks can be achieved through unsupervised learning, without needing target outputs, if the network parameters are known and meet certain conditions.
5800h agoMost neurons perform simple computations based on individual inputs, not on complex interactions between inputs.
5800h agoA non-commutative formal geometry underlies a class of discrete integrable systems, including a non-commutative analog of the sixth q-Painleve equation.
5800h agoA new methodology uses entropy and a clustering algorithm to analyze chaotic itinerancy in dynamical systems, identifying systems likely to experience chaotic itinerancy and characterizing its dynamics.
5800h agoThe analytic solution for a shock wave profile in a nonlinear lossy transmission line is obtained, along with the charge and current functions of time and space.
5800h agoHigher-order interactions enhance ecosystem stability and prevent collapse, and also help explain the emergence of biodiversity and species abundance distribution patterns in ecological communities.
5800h agoThe combination of canonical conservation law and nonlocal cosymmetry construction derives a collection of nonlocal conservation laws for the two-dimensional Euler equation in vorticity form.
5800h agoThe solution to the (3,4) string equation has an asymptotic expansion that is topological in nature in a certain parameter regime.
5800h agoThe Schrödinger equation describes the average behavior of solitons, which behave classically on a zero background but exhibit fluctuating momentum and position on a chaotic background, giving rise to quantum phenomena.
5800h agoQuasi-periodic solutions to the sine-Gordon equation are expressed in terms of $\wp_{1,2g-1}$-function with fully specified reality conditions.
5800h agoHigher-order interactions in a system of coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators cause solitary states to emerge during the transition between synchronous and asynchronous states.
5800h agoThe study explores a family of effective models, identifying equivalent models and constructing analytic monopole solutions with complex energy density profiles and hollow cavities at their core.
5800h agoThe action-angle variables for the inhomogeneous six-vertex model's Hamiltonian flow are computed, confirming its integrability.
5800h agoSocial interactions lead to consensus or opinion fragmentation, and a study finds that opinion updates based on the weighted median opinion of interacting individuals result in different opinion distributions depending on the social network structure.
5800h agoThe Ising-type model has an L-operator that can be used to conclude it is exactly solvable and it exhibits dependencies on nearest neighbor interactions in its Poisson structure.
5800h agoInput reconstruction in echo state networks can be achieved through unsupervised learning, without needing target outputs, if the network parameters are known and meet certain conditions.
5800h agoTurbulence in the auroral ionosphere stems from field-aligned electrical currents and is governed by the flux of precipitating particles, not from local instabilities.
5800h agoDetecting a shared signal between two high-dimensional variables can be done by analyzing sample correlations, and joint and cross covariance matrices are better at reconstructing the signal than individual self covariance matrices.
5800h agoDisordered stealthy hyperuniform layered media show no evidence of Anderson localization of electromagnetic waves or deviations from transparency for a continuous band of frequencies.
5800h agoThe CLuP±Hop algorithm efficiently approximates the ground state free energies of positive and negative Hopfield models, achieving values close to the theoretical limits for problems of relatively small size.
5800h agoA vectorial extension of the Hopfield associative memory model exhibits energy landscapes with deep minima for stored patterns, anisotropic correlations, and order-disorder transitions, with an enhanced memory capacity compared to binary networks.
5800h agoQuantum generative adversarial networks generate synthetic financial time series that match the target distribution and show desired temporal correlations.
5800h agoKrylov complexity phase transitions coincide with classical percolation transitions in non-interacting systems but separate from them in interacting systems due to complex quantum many-body effects.
5800h agoStates with maximal complexity mark the border between the most quantum and most classical limits in n-qubit systems and also mark the cross-over or transition point between integrability and full quantum chaos in many-body systems.
5800h agoA simple random matrix model reproduces key features of impurity charge distribution, showing a crossover from a Gaussian to a bimodal distribution as hybridization decreases.
5800h agoGeometrically frustrated clusters with decorations show robust frustration effects even with some ferromagnetic impurities, but the threshold for this to occur depends on cluster connectivity.
5800h agoGenuine multipartite entanglement approaches its maximum value in the ergodic phase of a disordered quantum spin model, but vanishes in the many-body localized phase.
5800h agoAdding small dielectric coupling to a surrounding random medium causes asymptotic localization of the nonlinear field in 1D nonlinear Schrödinger lattices with random potential.
5800h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems are distributed in a way that reflects the distribution of the onsite disorder, which can mimic non-ergodicity and obscure adherence to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
5800h agoThe motion of dopants in magnetic spin lattices is localized at nonzero temperatures due to an emergent disordered potential, but delocalizes with a power-law behavior when spin-exchange processes are present.
5800h agoPeriodic structured illumination with pseudo-HiLo image reconstruction reduces signal contamination from out-of-focus cells during in vivo voltage imaging.
5804h agoThe human lateral prefrontal cortex has a finely organized architecture with distinct networks that support different processes, including domain-specific and domain-general functions.
5804h agoBody size estimation engages a network of brain regions including visual, motor, and parietal areas, and the superior parietal lobule is associated with individual differences in accuracy of estimating body part sizes.
5804h agoVisual short-term memory and chronic stress levels predict how people choose to use cognitive effort when rewards and task demands change, with visual short-term memory influencing choices for higher rewards and chronic stress and personal preferences affecting the amount of effort used for a steady reward.
5804h agoHippocampal replay events cause a rise in ventral striatal dopamine, which supports offline learning in the mammalian brain.
5804h agoAlpha/beta power reductions directly reflect eye movements, not memory formation, and are modulated by the degree of visual exploration.
5808h agoHand shaping during grasping reflects two separate neural pathways, one responding to the location of an object and the other to its size and shape.
5808h agoPeople with low vision are just as effective as those with normal vision in learning and recalling deliberate motor corrections through practice and feedback.
5808h agoMosquitoes detect carbon dioxide through a neural circuit that uses recurrent connections between sensory neurons to amplify the signal and make it more robust.
5808h agoThe SORL1 p.Y1816C variant impairs SORLA maturation, disrupts endosomal trafficking, and leads to abnormal neuronal function, including impaired axonal transport, increased amyloid-beta secretion, and abnormal electrophysiological activity.
5808h agoMeCP2 regulates depression-like symptoms in the nucleus accumbens, a key brain region for emotional and stress processing, by modulating gene expression in a cell type-specific manner.
5812h agoBlocking D2 dopamine receptors treats schizophrenia but patient responses vary, so a new mouse model combining immune activation and cannabis exposure shows reduced Reelin levels, a potential biomarker, and brain changes that mimic symptoms.
5812h agoThe NanoString Neuropathology panel produces unreliable data for measuring gene expression in mouse hippocampal tissue.
5812h agoThe organization of cells in the hippocampus reflects its role in regulating mood and cognition, according to a gene expression map created for the human hippocampus.
5816h agoDifferences in decision-making influence dopamine dynamics in the brain and are linked to confidence in choices and the value placed on past and future options, leading to changes in decisions.
5816h agoThe brain's long-range temporal correlations impose a measurable metabolic cost, with brains showing higher correlations incurring greater energetic demands for glucose metabolism and continuous biosynthetic processes.
5816h agoNorepinephrine stimulates protein synthesis in astrocytes by activating the mTOR-pS6K pathway, mainly through β-adrenergic receptors, and this process is linked to a decrease in astrocytic ATP levels and dependent on glycolysis.
5816h agoStroke survivors' upper limbs are constrained to spinal synergies suited to primitive locomotor functions after losing descending input, leading to the flexor synergy.
5816h agoA new method for growing human brain cells in a lab produces mature brain cells that mimic Parkinson's disease, allowing for investigation of disease mechanisms and testing of potential therapies.
5816h agoNeurofibromin mutations affect multiple signaling pathways, including MEK and Akt, which differentially influence metabolic and behavioral symptoms of neurofibromatosis type 1.
5816h agoUBR-1 regulates glutamate homeostasis through a signaling axis with GLN-3 and GOT-2.2, and this process is required for efficient locomotion and organismal viability.
5816h agoThe brain uses a predictive model to reduce the intensity of tactile sensations when touching oneself, and this prediction is associated with changes in neural activity in the beta band and increased connectivity between the cerebellum and somatosensory areas.
5816h agoThe basal ganglia's direct and indirect pathways have opposite effects on specific neurons in the cortex that are involved in decision-making, rather than on overall cortical activity.
5816h agoHippocampal outputs are routed to specific cortical targets and dynamically regulated across brain states through a multilayer architecture involving slow oscillations, spindles, and ripple coordination.
5816h agoThe Onecut transcription factors regulate a non-cell autonomous mechanism that controls the development of pre-motor interneurons in spinal motor circuits by producing Neurotrophin-3.
5816h agoPeople's mental representation of numbers is linked to space, with small numbers associated with the left side and large numbers with the right side, and this association may be a universal, innate ability.
5816h agoSample size should be incorporated into methods to correct for multiple comparisons in fMRI analysis to provide accurate thresholds and reduce type II error.
5820h agoAstrocytic glutamate-permeable VRACs are primarily composed of LRRC8A and LRRC8C, with LRRC8A being essential and LRRC8B possibly playing a structural role.
5820h agoA novel oscillatory network model simulates simultaneous EEG-fMRI data by modelling brain regions with low and high frequency oscillators, successfully replicating empirical functional connectivity and modularity across different spatiotemporal scales.
5820h agoMales and females exhibit different patterns of coupling between brain structure and function, with males showing stronger positive coupling in some brain regions and females showing stronger coupling in others.
5820h agoHigh-achieving students show different neurophysiological responses during deliberate silence and forced silence in class, and exhibit heightened engagement during lectures.
5824h agoNeural processing mechanisms underlying mathematical cognition are fundamentally similar between genders, with dynamic brain activation patterns showing 89.1% similarity and individual variation exceeding group differences.
5824h agoHuman visual and linguistic similarity judgements are based on a shared representational structure that reflects the relational properties of the external world.
5824h agoThe Engram Neural Network, a novel recurrent architecture inspired by biological neural systems, improves transparency and interpretability by explicitly modeling memory formation and recall, and achieves comparable accuracy and generalization performance to classical RNN architectures.
5824h agoThe HOI-Brain framework uses higher-order interactions in brain regions to accurately diagnose brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and autism.
5824h agoThe solution method for the Chen--Lee--Liu system is presented by solving the inverse scattering problem with a system of linear integral equations, using a data set of transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, and bound-state information to recover the potentials.
5824h agoQuantum droplets formed from Bose-Einstein condensed atoms can have traveling matter waves that propagate within them and interact with their boundaries.
5824h agoThe construction of linear and quadratic Darboux matrices generates non-Abelian integrable models, including Volterra-type equations and two-component systems such as the Ablowitz-Ladik and relativistic Toda equations.
5824h agoNetworks of coupled phase oscillators exhibit partially synchronized dynamic patterns, and statistical equilibrium relations can be derived to express how individual oscillator behavior depends on internal parameters and interaction functions.
5824h agoNetworks of phase oscillators with higher-order coupling can serve as dense associative memories, supporting bistable phase-locked states and robust storage of many phase patterns with superlinear scaling of memory capacity.
5824h agoHigh stress levels are found in the source area of the 17th-century Hokkaido megaquake, while low stress levels are found in the source area of the 2011 Tohoku megaquake.
5824h agoPhysical reservoir computing can be used to control and embed multiple behaviors into a soft robot, creating a multistable dynamical system that converges to different attractors.
5824h agoPolymeric turbulence has a self-similar energy spectrum that scales as $k^{-2.3}$, which is caused by a constant depletion rate of fluid energy by polymers across a wide range of scales.
5824h agoA two-component reaction-diffusion system exhibits bi-stability with two stable stationary background states that can be connected by stationary and travelling front solutions with a non-uniform speed.
5824h agoCalogero-Moser Pairs are useful in the study of Exceptional Hermite Polynomials, and a novel formula and theorem have been developed using this approach.
5824h agoThe transfer matrix eigenstates of the open XYZ spin chain with boundary fields can be obtained using a new Separation of Variables approach, allowing for the computation of scalar products as determinants that can be transformed into a more convenient form under certain boundary parameter constraints.
5824h agoBell nonlocality in many-body three-level systems is linked to integrable behavior, as measurement settings yielding maximal nonlocality result in a spectrum with Poissonian level statistics.
5824h agoLattice anomalies are topological invariants of symmetry actions that have distinct properties, including some that differ from expected quantum field theory anomalies, and have connections to commuting projector models, phases of many-body localized systems, and quantum cellular automata.
5824h agoA quantum neural network implemented on quantum computers classifies MNIST images better than a classical neural network, especially for borderline cases, by introducing quantum uncertainty into measurements.
5824h agoA theoretical model explains the weak decaying collective excitations in many-particle systems with long-range interaction potentials, reproducing dynamic structure factor spectra and dispersion characteristics in agreement with molecular dynamics simulation data.
5824h agoThermal cycling between room and cryogenic temperatures causes irreversible changes in electronic properties of 2D materials transferred onto patterned substrates.
5824h agoNetworks of phase oscillators with higher-order coupling can serve as dense associative memories, supporting bistable phase-locked states and robust storage of many phase patterns with superlinear scaling of memory capacity.
5824h agoDisorder in quantum spin chains with power-law-distributed random fields prevents conventional transport with a dynamical exponent less than 1/α.
5824h agoThe D-Wave 3D annealer finds exact ground states of 3D spin glasses with efficiency that scales as $2^{N/ \beta}$, where $\beta$ is approximately $10^3$.
5824h agoA solid transparent medium with randomly positioned impurity atoms can allow observation of Anderson localization of light in three dimensions if it has a sufficiently high number density of impurities.
5824h agoThe coherent cellular dynamical mean-field theory (C-CDMFT) algorithm combines nonlocal electronic correlations and disorder to study electron systems.
5824h agoAsymmetric molecular mechanisms in a pair of olfactory neurons drive symmetric response plasticity, allowing the nematode worm to change its behavior in response to different odors.
5828h agoModulating parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the dentate gyrus regulates the balance between sensitivity to subtle input differences and consistency to preserve stable memory representations.
5836h agoThe medial and caudal ganglionic eminences generate different types of interneurons based on their spatial origins, and specific interneuron subtypes preferentially arise from distinct subdomains within the caudal ganglionic eminence.
5836h agoLoss of SORL1 expression changes synaptic protein interactions, leads to hyperactive neurons driven by glutamatergic neurotransmission, and impairs synaptic plasticity.
5836h agoLogical reasoning does not rely on language, instead using other brain systems, and people with severe language impairments can still perform logical tasks.
5836h agoA smartwatch app that uses slow wave entrainment improves sleep quality, increases slow wave and delta power, and boosts mood and cognition in people with sleep problems.
5836h agoMutations in the chd7 gene cause most cases of CHARGE syndrome, and loss of chd7 disrupts multiple biological pathways, leading to physical and behavioral characteristics of the disorder.
5836h agoWorking memory changes visual processing by modulating oscillatory power and precise frequency of oscillations within visual areas, and the frequency of lower frequency components correlates with visually-evoked firing rates of neurons.
5836h agoThe brain represents social gaze interactions by breaking them down into basic components and combining them in specific ways, using a neural system that allows for generalization and minimizes interference.
5836h agoSerotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus signal reward history over a timescale of around a hundred trials, influencing an animal's behaviour in a dynamic Pavlovian task.
5836h agoFace-selective neural activity is distributed across the ventral occipito-temporal cortex, with a right-hemispheric dominance, and occurs largely concurrently across all regions, challenging the standard hierarchical view of visual object recognition.
5836h agoThe nervous system maintains its circuit integrity during growth by preserving synaptic density and relative connectivity, achieved through structural plasticity that adjusts axonal and dendritic density to compensate for unequal growth.
5836h agoInfants and young children show specialised brain responses to social visual and auditory stimuli, with distinct patterns of brain activation emerging across different age points from 5 months to 3-5 years.
5836h agoCardiac-innervating neurons have a multipolar structure and are larger in size compared to neurons that innervate the forelimb skin.
5840h agoMemory, attention, and visual processing interact during hybrid search, with specific neural signatures supporting the process, including changes in alpha-band power, beta-band activity, and evoked responses.
5840h agoPhysical exercise, especially aerobic exercise, enhances motor learning by inducing neurophysiological changes, and most studies on this topic focus on healthy populations, use high-intensity exercise, and measure motor learning in the short-term.
5840h agoPsilocybin induces neural plasticity and alters consciousness, and its effects are maintained even when co-administered with midazolam, with EEG measures capturing aspects of the subjective experience.
5840h agoWasteosomes accumulate in areas of white matter damage and are related to impaired glymphatic drainage, vascular problems, and severity of white matter injury.
5840h agoChanges in the excitability of cells, not changes in synaptic weights, can explain representational drift, a phenomenon where neurons' responses change over time while perception and behavior remain unchanged.
5840h agoActivation of D1-MSNs suppresses high-fat food intake, while activation of D2-MSNs enhances it, and their opposing contributions play a key role in regulating hedonic feeding.
5840h agoMice have an innate ability to judge food amounts, which depends on activity in the Posterior Parietal Cortex, and is linked to synchronous firing of neurons in this area.
5840h agoThe Realtime and Remote FED3 (RTFED) system allows for continuous and online home-cage monitoring of mice, logging and transmitting feeding events and operant behaviours in real-time, while also enabling customizable data collection and reducing animal disturbance.
5840h agoEndothelial dysfunction in brain blood vessels contributes to cognitive impairment in aging by damaging blood vessel function, increasing tau phosphorylation, decreasing myelination, and reducing capillary density.
5840h agoInternal model function is preserved in healthy aging for everyday tasks, but it is shaped by different compensatory mechanisms.
5840h agoLoss of the helicase UAP56 causes defects in dendrite and presynapse pruning by disrupting actin regulation and mRNA export pathways.
5844h agoPlatelets from Alzheimer's disease patients show increased binding of amyloid-beta, altered morphology, and sex-specific differences in activation, making them a potential biomarker for early diagnosis.
5844h agoExternal light schedules and daily routines affect nighttime waking in young children, with low daytime light, extended bright light, and irregular schedules, especially on weekends, disrupting nighttime sleep.
5848h agoA Generative Adversarial Inference network learns sensory representations and inference strategies from data and reproduces the bias reversal in human perception from prior attraction to repulsion under varying sensory uncertainty.
5848h agoA new computational framework called HOI-Brain accurately characterizes higher-order interactions of brain regions from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data to diagnose brain diseases.
5848h agoFunctional connectivity emerges as the best feature for predicting cognition, age, and sex from resting-state functional MRI recordings.
5848h agoCombining features from different state-of-the-art models and using a simple architecture with shared and subject-specific components improves the generalization of encoding models to novel movie stimuli.
5848h agoA novel deep learning framework called NeuroCLIP uses EEG and fNIRS data to provide a robust biomarker for methamphetamine addiction and to evaluate the efficacy of treatments like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
5848h agoTask-based fMRI data outperforms resting-state fMRI in predicting cognitive behavior, and graph neural networks combining structural and functional connectivity achieve high performance in cognitive prediction.
5848h agoPeople can quickly learn to punish unfairness that benefits them, even if it costs them, by observing and imitating someone else's behavior.
5848h agoThe human hypothalamus is composed of four functional subregions with distinct patterns of connectivity to the cortex, showing stronger connections to frontal, midline, and limbic cortical areas and weaker connections to posterior sensorimotor regions.
5848h agoBiostasis practitioners agree that synaptic connectivity is a reliable indicator of preservation quality, but face barriers such as inadequate preservation, geographic obstacles, and poor execution.
5848h agoA novel neural network mechanism that combines Transformer attentional operations with the neuroscience theory of binding by synchrony improves accuracy, noise robustness, and generalization abilities on image classification tasks.
5848h agoArtificial intelligence chatbots can cause psychological harm, including suicide, violence, and delusional thinking, particularly for people with mental health conditions who use them for emotional support and companionship.
5848h agoA novel approach constructs quasi-isospectral higher-order Hamiltonians from time-independent Lax pairs by using the higher-order M-operator as the starting point.
5848h agoThe symmetric $\phi^4$-$\phi^2 |\phi|$-$\phi^2$ model has kink, pulse, and periodic solutions for its entire range of parameters.
5848h agoVector solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates can be controlled using time-dependent parameters, allowing for interactions such as superposition states, fission, and shape-preserving collisions.
5848h agoKP solitons are expressed as singular limits of shifted Riemann theta functions and are obtained by degenerating finite-gap solutions associated with Schottky groups.
5848h agoRogue wave formation and spectral downshifting in nonlinear wave systems depend on the type of dissipation and wave steepness.
5848h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
5848h agoA model of swarm behavior shows that agents can collectively produce a desired density by moving stochastically over a networked domain and adjusting their motion based on local, uncertain measurements.
5848h agoMicro-level noises and disturbances in the initial conditions of turbulent flows can greatly influence macro-level characteristics and statistics of turbulence through a process called the "noise-expansion cascade".
5848h agoNumerical noise greatly influences turbulent flows in 3D Kolmogorov turbulent flow, causing huge deviations in flow field, energy cascade, and statistics between direct numerical simulation and clean numerical simulation results.
5848h agoThe maximal Lyapunov exponent of homogeneous turbulence relates to the sweeping of turbulent flows and the scaling of the uncertainty field's integral length.
5848h agoThe quantum XYZ open spin-1/2 chain with boundary fields can be solved using Sklyanin's version of the quantum Separation of Variables, yielding exact representations for elementary blocks of correlation functions.
5848h agoThe matrix product solution for the steady state of the harmonic process is obtained from existing solutions in the literature, clarifying the relation between three representations of the steady state.
5848h agoAn affine map approximation accurately recovers a transmitted bit sequence in high-speed coherent optical communication by using only the continuous part of the Lax spectrum.
5848h agoDark photons can be efficiently produced in the early universe through their coupling to an oscillating axion field when the axion potential is shallower than quadratic at large field values.
5848h agoThe weight-activation dynamics of a class of memristor feedback dynamic neural networks converges to an equilibrium point, except for a set of initial conditions with zero measure, under suitable assumptions on the memristor interconnections.
5848h agoTraveling waves of permanent form exist in a coordinate-free model of flame fronts moving in a vertical direction.
5848h agoPySHRED, a Python package, implements the SHallow REcurrent Decoders (SHRED) strategy for modeling high-dimensional dynamical systems and spatiotemporal data from snapshot observations.
5848h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, including a 3rd-order class of equations and a 5th-order equation.
5848h agoSome real-world systems have random and uncertain behavior over time, and a new framework of stochastic differential equations can consistently interpret and analyze their finite-time stochastic behavior.
5848h agoA novel reduced-order methodology, called the orbital Cluster-based Network Model (oCNM), accurately describes complex multi-frequency fluid dynamics by modelling short-term trajectories over multiple clusters, enhancing the understanding of temporal behaviours.
5848h agoAlgebraic Bethe circuits can be derived by a change of basis in the auxiliary space, generating a linear superposition of plane waves that characterises the coordinate Bethe Ansatz.
5848h agoNonreciprocally coupled quantum oscillators exhibit a rich variety of synchronization behaviors, including phase locking, antiphase locking, bistable phase locking, and active states, due to the interplay of three competing synchronization mechanisms.
5848h agoA simple model shows that self-propelled droplets emerge from the interplay between reacting surfactants, the Marangoni effect, and wetting dynamics, resulting in various motility modes including directional motion, crawling, and random walks.
5848h agoDiscrete bright matter-wave solitons with attractive interaction exist in an optical lattice and their characteristics depend on lattice depths and spacings.
5848h agoThe motion of a material point in a constant magnetic field is integrable on spheres of any dimension, with complete integrability proven for dimensions up to 6 and noncommutative integrability for higher dimensions.
5848h agoThe distribution of off-diagonal elements of the scattering matrix in open microwave networks with symplectic symmetry deviates from random-matrix theory predictions due to the subgraphs not being fully connected.
5848h agoSparse random matrices often exhibit unbounded eigenvalue tails, and this study presents an analytical approach to characterising these tails by linking eigenvalues to exponentially localised eigenvectors on highly-connected network hubs.
5848h agoA novel deep learning model called DOTA uses local density of states as input to predict chemically accurate adsorption energies across metallic and intermetallic surfaces.
5848h agoThe analysis of biological and artificial neural networks requires considering generic real-asymmetric matrix ensembles, and a complexity parameter approach derives the ensemble averaged spectral densities for real and complex eigenvalues, revealing a universality among sparse real-asymmetric ensembles.
5848h agoScientists propose a new method using artificial intelligence and language models to efficiently design new materials, specifically metallic glasses, by analyzing relationships among materials and assessing the role of natural languages.
5848h agoThe Random First Order Transition theory explains correlations between kinetic and thermodynamic behaviors of glass-forming liquids with varied chemical compositions and interactions.
5848h agoNeural Importance Resampling (NIR) enables efficient and unbiased sampling for neural quantum states, mitigating issues faced by existing methods and yielding competitive results with established approaches.
5848h agoHyperuniform systems show a high degree of uniformity at large length scales, with three classes having different levels of uniformity, and class I systems having the highest degree of uniformity from small to large length scales.
5848h agoA new model based on the Topological Dirac operator allows designing cluster synchronization patterns for oscillators associated with both nodes and edges of a network.
5848h agoAn intermediate phase emerges in the Ising model on hyperbolic lattices, characterized by bulk ordering induced by boundary effects, in addition to paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases.
5848h agoCoupling a strongly disordered chain to another disordered chain with anti-symmetrically correlated disorder can induce Anderson delocalization and restore the non-Hermitian skin effect when the inter-chain coupling exceeds a threshold.
5848h agoInteracting particles in a one-dimensional disordered system undergo a localization transition that is shifted to the non-interacting point due to attractive interactions.
5848h agoDual-unitary shadow tomography (DUST) outperforms brick-wall Clifford shadows in predicting operators with full support, thanks to its operator spreading structure resembling relativistic quantum field theories.
5848h agoRydberg atom arrays on the kagome lattice do not show exotic spin liquid or emergent glassy behavior according to two-dimensional recurrent neural network wave functions.
5848h agoA free scalar field with quenched disorder is gapless and has conformal symmetry, with exotic continuous symmetries, including nilpotent bosonic ones, that resemble Parisi-Sourlas supersymmetries.
5848h agoLagrangian Neural Networks adapted to mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints show improved accuracy in trajectory estimation, better adherence to constraints, and more stable energy behavior.
5848h agoEvolving small neural networks into larger ones during training optimizes network size and outperforms static networks of equivalent final size on nonlinear regression and classification tasks.
5848h agoProbabilistic computers, when designed with powerful Monte Carlo algorithms, provide a scalable classical pathway for solving hard optimization problems, outperforming a leading quantum annealer in tests on 3D spin glasses.
5848h agoHighly accurate neural network architectures cluster together in flat regions of the architecture search landscape, and a new algorithm, Architecture-Aware Minimization, uses this insight to improve generalization on benchmark datasets.
5848h agoScientists have developed a method for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging by combining strong magnetic field gradients with control over electron spins in diamond.
5848h agoAxons of cortical neurons maintain precise timing during spontaneous network activity, but their reliability drops under external stimulation at high frequencies, due to sodium channel inactivation.
5856h agoThe motor neurons that control male fertility in fruit flies are divided into two classes, serotonin and glutamate neurons and octopamine and glutamate neurons, which innervate different reproductive organs and use different signaling pathways.
5856h agoThe perception of visual tilt does not always produce an eye movement response known as optostatic torsion, suggesting a dissociation between perceived tilt and the processing of tilt that drives this motor response.
5856h agoCaMKII activity optimally supports neurotransmitter release by regulating exocytosis and synaptic vesicle dynamics, and both increasing and decreasing CaMKII activity impairs vesicle fusion.
5856h agoLocal factors determine the identities of astrocytes with different origins.
5860h agoNeural population activity can be described by topological objects called neural manifolds, which are shaped by nature, nurture, and other factors.
5860h agoSeeing an infectious avatar approach the body in virtual reality triggers the brain to prepare the body to fight infections, even when there is no real threat.
5860h agoLayer 5 pyramidal neurons in the mouse cortex have distinct local and intercortical wiring patterns.
5860h agoLocomotion increases the gain in certain brain cells that sensitize to visual stimuli, while having weaker effects on cells that depress, through a mechanism that involves changes in connections and inhibition.
5860h agoThe retinal ganglion cells are uniformly sensitive across all directions of motion, and this sensitivity is maintained because the cells prioritize avoiding low sensitivity over maximizing the average information transmitted.
5860h agoA novel approach called Inception uses whole-brain models to simulate the long-term effects of perturbations on brain activity and shows promise in helping patients with Disorders of Consciousness recover.
5860h agoNG2-glia in the adult mouse cortex and corpus callosum have distinct morphological patterns that vary by layer, with those in deep cortical layers having larger and more complex structures, and those in superficial layers and the corpus callosum having smaller and simpler structures.
5868h agoALS progression differs by sex in mice, with changes in metabolism regulation through leptin and its signaling pathways varying by sex and disease stage.
5868h agoArtificial intelligence chatbots can pose risks of psychological harm, including belief destabilization and dependence, particularly for individuals with mental health conditions, due to interactions between human biases and chatbot behavioral tendencies.
5872h agoMice with a mixed genetic background of C57BL/6J and 129S2/SvPas show more varied behavior and better represent traits of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions than inbred mice.
5872h agoNeuromodulators like norepinephrine influence breathing by changing properties of specific neurons in the preBötzinger complex, a network that controls inspiratory rhythm.
5872h agoReciprocity, not barter, was the foundational economic logic in early human societies, and it can be explained by a minimal behavioral framework based on individual recognition, reciprocal credence, and cost-return sensitivity.
5872h agoThe accumulation of C99, a fragment of the amyloid precursor protein, disrupts cellular function by affecting protein networks that regulate gene expression, mitochondrial metabolism, and autophagy.
5872h agoA novel benchmark and experiments show that a neural network called Scattering Compositional Learner generalizes abstract relations best and aligns with human behavior.
5872h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information accurately predicts brain responses to naturalistic stimuli, achieving a Pearson r = 0.2094 and a peak score of mean r = 0.63.
5872h agoA sequence-to-sequence Transformer model predicts whole-brain fMRI responses to naturalistic multimodal movies by integrating visual, auditory, and language inputs with prior brain states.
5872h agoCoarse-graining macrostates into smaller blocks helps identify important computations leading to emergent complex structures and behaviors in cellular automata.
5872h agoMachine learning models, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy), accurately predict the motion of floating Sargassum seaweed rafts, especially in conditions with tightly bonded clumps.
5872h agoNonlinear aggregation dynamics of phase elements on a unit circle exhibit Arnold tongue-like structures in parameter space, where initially random distributions aggregate into highly anisotropic states under parametrically modulated external fields.
5872h agoThe Boussinesq equation has an integrable hierarchy that arises on coadjoint orbits in the loop algebra of $\mathfrak{sl}(3)$, with finite-gap hamiltonian systems possessing spectral curves from the family of $(3,3N\,{+}\,1)$-curves.
5872h agoThe correspondence principle, which links classical chaotic motion to quantum spectral correlations, fails in dissipative quantum systems, even in a prototypical kicked model.
5872h agoThe Kibble-Zurek mechanism holds for open systems transitioning from a disordered phase to a discrete time crystal, with the number of spatial defects and transition delay following a power-law scaling with quench time.
5872h agoA new predictive framework accurately predicts the location of laminar-to-turbulent transition in fluid flows by linking pre-transition flow characteristics to transition onset locations using a large dataset and machine learning models.
5872h agoSingle-particle chaos leads to equilibration of many non-interacting photons through operator spreading and quantum interference.
5872h agoEntanglement, stabilizer entropy, and entanglement spectrum anti-flatness in spin chains show distinct long-time behavior after a quantum quench, with free-fermion theories having a gap and non-integrable models saturating the random matrix theory value.
5872h agoCells differentiate into multiple types through three major processes - chaotic oscillations, channeled annealing, and rapid quenching - which achieve robustness to external perturbations through distinct properties and dynamics.
5872h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all levels or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
5872h agoThe one dimensional, critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, allowing for the construction of commuting transfer matrices and the recursive obtainment of conserved quantities.
5872h agoAn adaptive scheme optimizes neural-network quantum states by training small recurrent neural networks and reusing them to initialize larger ones, reducing computation cost and improving the quality of variational calculations.
5872h agoThe Harper model's states transition to quantum diffusive states as the perturbation strength increases, for a range of potential strengths and with at least three incommensurate frequencies.
5872h agoThe study finds that relaxation modes contributing to spectral divergences in a glassy dynamics model have localized wavefunctions with multifractal properties.
5872h agoMany-body localization can be characterized geometrically by the many-body quantum metric and localization parameter, which are related in disordered insulating states and can extract a natural localization length in the MBL regime.
5872h agoSingle-particle chaos leads to equilibration of many non-interacting photons through operator spreading and quantum interference.
5872h agoThe spectral form factor in chaotic quantum systems shows a universal linear ramp and plateau structure with erratic oscillations, and its moments reveal deviations from random matrix universality in disordered systems.
5872h agoA special class of multi-species spin glass models has a free energy lower bound that matches the free energy of a single-species model with a specific inverse-temperature parameter.
5872h agoLecanemab, an anti-amyloid antibody, clears amyloid by activating microglia, which then enhance their ability to engulf and digest amyloid, a process that involves specific genes and factors, including SPP1/osteopontin.
5876h agoParaquat, a widely used herbicide, combines with alpha-synuclein to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia, leading to cell death, and this process can be blocked by NLRP3 inhibitors.
5880h agoSensory entrained intermittent theta burst stimulation (se-iTBS) more than doubles the effect of standard iTBS on motor-evoked potentials, producing a larger response in at least 80% of participants that lasts for at least 30 minutes.
5880h agoAn open-top light-sheet microscope enables high-speed, 3D imaging of small organisms, like C. elegans, in microfluidic devices, allowing for the recording of neural activity at high volume rates.
5880h agoTwitches during NREM sleep in 6-month-old infants occur more intensely during N2 sleep, and are linked to sleep spindles in both N2 and N3 sleep, but have an inverse relationship with delta power.
5880h agoNeural variability can be partitioned into two components: a stimulus component and a modulatory component, and a new model accurately captures spike train variability across timescales and throughout the visual hierarchy.
5880h agoA new model-based clustering approach, called hierarchical Bayesian mapping of axonal projections (HBMAP), accurately identifies patterns of brain wiring and characterizes uncertainty across subjects.
5884h agoCnidaria have a group of inhibitory ion channel receptors that use glutamate as a ligand, not gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and these receptors massively diversified, which may have helped evolve complex behaviors and sensory processing in their nervous system.
5888h agoAge explains only a modest proportion of differences in brain function, whereas individual differences play a dominant role, particularly in older adults.
5888h agoHigh gamma bursting increases in the prefrontal cortex and beta bursting increases in multisensory areas during visual working memory processing, and these bursts are coupled through a phase-burst code that supports memory maintenance.
5888h agoThe Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), a region in the brain that responds to text, can be found on each individual's cortical surface, responds to text regardless of the task, but its location varies across individuals.
5888h agoThe stability of rhythmic activity in neural networks remains unaltered even after removing one of its strongest synapses, suggesting that central pattern generators are designed to be strongly stable.
5888h agoNormalizing the APP gene copy number in DS cortical organoids improves deficits in brain cell growth and development.
5888h agoThe brain-specific microRNA miR-1000 regulates fat storage by controlling a neuropeptide gene, and its loss leads to higher body weight, increased fat storage, and changes in survival and lifespan.
5892h agoTwo populations of neurons, moonwalker descending neurons and DopaMeander, control distinct aspects of walking in Drosophila by integrating sensory inputs and driving changes in walking direction and forward movement.
5892h agoEthanol exposure alters the timing and structure of theta bursts in brain regions, impairing locomotion and goal-directed behaviors.
5892h agoHippocampal ripples help disengage mental schemas to enable creative thinking by reducing activity in the medial prefrontal cortex.
5892h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) primarily acts on genes related to synaptic plasticity in both cortical and subcortical circuits in the aged brain, but its effects vary by brain region and are less effective in older adults compared to younger adults.
5896h agoExposure to a synthetic mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) causes deficits in long-term spatial memory and disrupts gene expression in brain regions of mice.
5896h agoA novel system called MOTUM enables participants to perform naturalistic movements inside an fMRI scanner while experiencing immersive virtual reality, allowing researchers to link movement kinematics to brain activity.
5896h agoResearchers have adapted six popular chemo- and opto-genetics methods to control when and where calcium recording occurs in cells using the SCANR system, and successfully developed two strategies to achieve this.
5896h agoThe voice signals contain diagnostic cues essential for accurate affect decoding, and a neural network is able to decode emotions from voice samples even when they are partially masked by noise.
5896h agoSatiety accelerates the influence of food-associated cues on behavior, rather than abolishing it, and real-time ingestion plays a crucial role in understanding how physiological states modulate cue-driven devaluation.
5900h agoThe human brain processes dynamic vision through two fundamental computations: object recognition and motion recognition, which emerge from a single goal of understanding world dynamics.
5904h agoStimulating the contralateral primary motor cortex reduces the transfer of newly learned motor skills to the untrained arm.
5904h agoThe absence of C1QA worsens blood-retina barrier dysfunction, cystoid edema, and neuroinflammation, and activating beta-catenin-dependent signaling can resolve cystoid edema.
5904h agoDrugs of abuse disrupt chloride homeostasis in VTA GABA neurons by activating dopamine receptors, leading to long-lasting plasticity that may contribute to addiction.
5904h agoOlfactory ensheathing cell transplantation promotes spinal cord repair by activating ependymal cells, which then proliferate, differentiate into supportive astrocytes, and create a permissive environment for neuronal survival and growth.
5908h agoThe study identified 46 genes associated with optic neuritis, including HLA-DRB1 as the top risk locus, and suggests that omacetaxine mepesuccinate may be a potential therapy for preventing neurodegeneration.
5908h agoOligodendroglial ADAM10 plays a role in the formation and maintenance of myelin sheaths, and its deficiency leads to delayed maturation of oligodendrocytes, altered myelination, and long-term motor and cognitive deficits in male mice.
5912h agoIndividuals with developmental prosopagnosia have similar population receptive field properties in visual areas as controls, challenging the theory that their face recognition deficits are caused by reduced spatial integration in face-selective regions.
5912h agoSocial touch helps us attach to others, and it is linked to the maturation of specific neurons in the brain, which develop and influence social behavior as we experience sensory interactions.
5912h agoProgrammers using generative artificial intelligence code assistants are at risk of over-relying on these tools, leading to undetected errors in generated code, especially in scientific software development where code is often untested and developers are undertrained.
5912h agoLanguage and theory of mind develop from distinct neural origins in the superior temporal lobe, with children as young as 4-9 years old showing separate brain patterns for each.
5916h agoKCNT1 gene variants cause a type of epilepsy characterized by abnormal brain activity, and a new mouse model of this epilepsy shows that the genetic mutation leads to increased brain excitability and seizures.
5916h agoA new probe design allows for large-scale single unit recordings from many neurons in the brains of behaving monkeys.
5924h agoParkinson's disease patients have specific changes in amino acid levels in certain areas of the brain that are affected by the disease.
5924h agoStress changes REM sleep through a specific neural pathway that connects the thalamus and prefrontal cortex, disrupting normal sleep patterns and cognitive functions.
5924h agoA parallelized maze system with automated reward delivery allows for efficient training of rodents in spatial navigation tasks, reducing experimenter involvement and error.
5924h agoPeople with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have smaller thalamic nuclei volumes in certain areas of the brain, and those with major depressive disorder (MDD) have smaller mediodorsal thalamus volumes, compared to trauma-exposed controls.
5924h agoParent-child neural similarity in the amygdala helps youth adapt emotionally when facing uncertainty, and this similarity is linked to positive family relationships and better emotional regulation.
5928h agoThe brain uses a predictive coding framework to estimate another person's pain, with top-down priors influencing decisions on their expected and experienced pain, and uncertainty exerting a stronger influence in decisions about others than oneself.
5928h agoHigh-intensity interval training enhances the acquisition of a novel motor skill, but its effects are not specifically due to online or offline learning processes within a session.
5928h agoNon-invasive brain stimulation with extremely low frequency magnetic fields improves memory and cognitive function in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease by stimulating immature stem cells and promoting redox balance and reduced glial aggravation.
5928h agoMARK2 protects against neurodegeneration by negatively regulating glial immune responses, specifically by reducing inflammation driven by the Toll pathway.
5928h agoInternally directed attention disrupts working memory performance by altering brain activity, specifically by enhancing late positive potentials and changing alpha and beta band synchronization.
5928h agoFixel-based measures of brain fibre density, cross-section, and density and cross-section show high reproducibility and reliability across different scanners, with whole-brain level measures having coefficients of variation ranging from 0.51% to 1.57% and intraclass correlation coefficients between 0.93 and 0.996.
5928h agoCystitis-induced bladder pain and its affective components are encoded and modulated by specific neuronal ensembles in the central amygdala.
5928h agoThe subitizing limit, which is the ability to distinguish around 3-4 separate objects at a time, is caused by differences in neural excitatory:inhibitory balance, not by alpha oscillation frequency.
5928h agoA maternal high-sucrose diet during pregnancy disrupts testosterone and allopregnanolone levels in critical regions of the fetal brain that regulate reward-seeking and emotion.
5928h agoTraumatic brain injury causes changes in gene expression in specific areas of the brain, with the type and extent of change depending on the location and type of tissue damaged.
5928h agoA scalable platform that integrates optogenetic stimulation, calcium imaging, and automated analysis enables robust quantification of dynamic neuronal responses across hundreds of human neurons, facilitating disease modeling and therapeutic screening for neurological disorders.
5928h agoPerseverative thoughts in depression and anxiety are hard to control because they activate brain areas that are hard to switch off and use less control energy.
5928h agoGlial cells use the adhesion molecule Ninjurin A to infiltrate and clear neuronal debris from damaged areas in the brain.
5928h agoThe normalization of neuronal responses in the macaque middle temporal visual area is mainly determined by the receptive field responsivity at each stimulus location.
5928h agoRho-kinases 1 and 2 play distinct roles in regulating serotonin and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of mice.
5928h agoThe neural processing of imagined sounds is categorical, with brain responses differing between imagined speech sounds and environmental sounds.
5928h agoThe vagus nerve's activity changes with anesthesia and can be tracked over months in mice using a chronic implant model, revealing diverse nerve populations with different physiological coupling and firing rates.
5932h agoHigh-resolution fMRI signals can detect rapid neural dynamics, with object-category information decoded in less than 2 seconds after signal onset, by combining ultra-fast sampling and multivariate decoding.
5932h agoP2RY12 receptor plays a critical role in regulating microglial immune and metabolic responses under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions by controlling distinct metabolic pathways and antioxidant defenses.
5932h agoCollagen XVIII helps guide axons to specific branching points during nerve regeneration by attracting defasciculated axons across the epidermal basement membrane.
5932h agoA new imaging method measures blood velocity responses in individual vessels in humans with high resolution, showing a 10% increase in blood velocity in the posterior cerebral artery in response to visual stimuli.
5932h agoAstrocytes use multiple mechanisms to maintain stable potassium levels outside neurons, and different combinations of these mechanisms can achieve the same outcome.
5932h agoSocial cognition networks, including empathy and theory of mind, develop at different rates in children and adolescents.
5940h agoChronic stress hormone elevation impairs behavioral flexibility and promotes inflexible behavior by altering gene expression in the brain's dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum regions.
5940h agoA neural circuit model consisting of interconnected memory and control modules can manipulate working memory sequences by re-ordering items through elementary swapping operations.
5940h agoThe myelination of white matter tracts in the brain strongly predicts functional connectivity patterns, with a modulatory role in structure-function coupling that varies across brain regions and timescales of neural function.
5940h agoThe brain uses two mechanisms, sharpening expected information and emphasizing unexpected information through prediction errors, at different levels to integrate predictions with incoming speech and facilitate perception.
5940h agoHuntingtin protein plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity by assembling a DNA repair complex in both the nucleus and mitochondria to resolve DNA lesions.
5940h agoCognitive processes are represented by near-orthogonal coding subspaces across the cortex, and this organization breaks down during errors, with only the memory subspace reflecting intrinsic circuit properties.
5940h agoScene context helps humans recognize objects better, and this ability can be replicated in artificial vision models that use language supervision and have rich, category-structured representations.
5940h agoA hierarchical multimodal model that combines visual, auditory, and semantic information over time accurately predicts brain responses to naturalistic stimuli.
5944h agoA sequence-to-sequence Transformer model predicts whole-brain fMRI responses to naturalistic multimodal movies by integrating visual, auditory, and language inputs with prior brain states.
5944h agoMultisensory integration requires understanding how multiple senses work together, and this involves examining interactions between sensory modalities, their unique temporal dynamics, and characteristics.
5944h agoMost EEG foundation models adopt a sequence-based modeling scheme that relies on transformer-based backbones and the reconstruction of masked sequences for self-supervision.
5944h agoThe sine-Gordon model with space and time-dependent parameters can be described by an effective model with one degree of freedom that accurately captures kink movement and stability regions.
5944h agoThe modified Toda hierarchy connects to the Toda hierarchy and has two tau functions, and its reduction forms a generalized bigraded modified Toda hierarchy that is a two-component generalization of the constrained modified KP hierarchy.
5944h agoThe thermal conductivity of nanoscale low-dimensional systems in nonequilibrium steady states is connected to the canonical motion of the Toda lattice in equilibrium through a hypothetical condition.
5944h agoPartial order parameter adaptation in coupled Kuramoto oscillators on random hypergraphs leads to a diverse range of synchronization transitions, including double-jump transitions, intermediate synchronization states, and continuous or explosive synchronization.
5944h agoThe observable drift, a measure of sensitivity to adiabatic deformations, correctly characterizes classical systems as chaotic and is equivalent to the definition of chaos based on sensitivity to initial conditions.
5944h agoTwo nontrivial rotational equilibrium solutions exist for the spatial uniform gas pressure model, including a nonspherically symmetric, horn-torus-shaped equilibrium bubble.
5944h agoA generalized Duffing-type equation captures complex biophysical states involved in signal transmission in nerve membranes, providing new analytical insight into nonlinear electromechanical behaviour.
5944h agoEcho-State Networks with fixed circuitry and adaptive linear read-outs can efficiently process temporal streams, and a unified treatment shows that they have fading-memory properties, are dense in a key space of filters, and have quantifiable computational resources.
5944h agoThe nonlinear Schrödinger equation's initial-value problem is solved using a new method that involves series representations for the Jost solutions of the Zakharov-Shabat system to compute scattering coefficients and recover the potential.
5944h agoStrong attractive interactions between two-component fermions in a one-dimensional system can be mapped onto a weakly interacting problem, allowing for the use of simpler study methods.
5944h agoThe study introduces a new model that exhibits unconventional phases, including one with volume-law entanglement and intermediate spectral statistics, and another with Poisson level statistics and sub-volume entanglement growth.
5944h agoDisordered kinetic glass models from statistical physics can be used as toy models for autoregressive sequence generation.
5944h agoNon-interacting spin-wave theory predicts the exact diffusion constant for a specific kinetically-constrained hopping process on a triangular lattice with certain conditions.
5944h agoDis-GEN, a new generative model, can generate symmetry-consistent structures of disordered inorganic materials that accommodate compositional disorder and vacancies.
5944h agoIncluding non-magnetic disorder increases the area where a system acts as a Chern insulating state and breaking up disordered patches can expand the existence of the topological Anderson insulator.
5944h agoThe weight space of artificial neural networks has a spiky topology near the interpolation threshold, but becomes flat and easy to sample in the overparameterized regime.
5944h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a prime candidate for neuromorphic machine learning processors with on-chip learning, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST.
5944h agoGradient descent can escape rough regions in the loss landscape and recover a signal well when the signal-to-noise ratio is large enough, due to the presence of an informative negative direction in the Hessian at the start of the descent.
5944h agoThe Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm's success is limited by a nonstabilizerness barrier that increases with circuit depth before decreasing, which also exists in adiabatic quantum annealing.
5944h agoQuantum annealers can be used to study magnetic hysteresis, and experiments on three superconducting qubit quantum annealers show that hysteresis loops depend on quantum fluctuations in a non-monotonic way.
5944h agoCyclic quantum walks on graphs generate exotic topological phenomena, including gapped and gapless phases, protected edge states, and flat bands, which can be used for fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
5944h agoSensorimotor beta oscillations influence perceptual decisions by biasing choices towards responses with the opposite hand, and individuals with stronger beta lateralization tend to alternate their decision responses and make slower decisions.
5948h agoThe accumulation of amyloid-beta and mutant Tau proteins leads to reduced neuronal activity and function in young adult animals, with muscle tissue abnormalities also affecting neuronal function.
5948h agoThe level of excitatory processing in early visual areas determines the extent of adaptive visual perceptual learning for task-irrelevant visual signals.
5948h agoDynamic line drawings convey mechanical material properties, and their contour motion carries rich information about material qualities.
5948h agoAn ensemble of machine-learning algorithms accurately classifies sleep stages from a single EEG channel recorded by a customized wearable headband, achieving almost perfect agreement with expert-scored sleep stages.
5948h agoComputational models can accurately reproduce the responses of electrically stimulated nerve fibers by using an optimization procedure to fit model parameters to individual nerve fiber responses.
5948h agoThe brain uses two neural mechanisms, reactive inhibition and attentional gating, to manage distractions and prioritize relevant information when processing visual inputs.
5948h agoA connectome-constrained neural network model, with learned synaptic weights, generates plausible C. elegans behavior mediated by activity changes in command neurons.
5948h agoThe algorithm pBOSC detects and localizes neural oscillations with around 95% accuracy, allowing for the exploration of brain dynamics.
5948h agoStress granules in Alzheimer's disease brains show profound structural and molecular changes, with rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease displaying distinctive shifts towards pathological composition and function.
5948h agoThe parietal Late Positive event-related potential Component (LPC) reflects the rate of evidence accumulation for recognition memory judgments, indicating memory strength, especially for memorised objects.
5948h agoLarval zebrafish maintain robust hunting performance across a range of temperatures because neural activity and tail movements adjust together to keep spatial parameters stable.
5948h agoChanges in the striosome compartment of the brain, particularly in molecules regulating cyclic AMP levels, may be an essential target for understanding the pathogenesis of movement disorders such as chorea and dystonia in Huntington's disease.
5948h agoPeripheral vision loss disrupts the ability to quickly understand the meaning of a scene, especially for scenes with social interactions, while central vision loss mainly affects how people move their eyes to look at the scene.
5952h agoCell-cell communication patterns in the brain spatially align with tissue damage across 13 neurodegenerative conditions, and three principal axes of cell-cell communication underlie brain tissue vulnerability.
5952h agoRepetitive negative thinking is linked to altered brain connections, and a new framework shows that small brain regions, such as the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, can be controlled with less energy to drive changes in mood states.
5952h agoRecurrently connected neural networks with specific patterns of connectivity can control and reconfigure sequential neural activity to enable flexible behavior.
5952h agoExperience-dependent sign switching occurs at synapses between certain neurons, changing them from excitatory to inhibitory or vice versa, and this switching helps drive learning and modulate dopamine release.
5952h agoMice that eat high-salt food and experience stress have changes in their brain inflammation and coping behaviors, with effects that differ by sex and over time.
5952h agoWriting computational science manuscripts effectively requires following specific recommendations.
5956h agoActivation of DG SST+ interneurons impairs encoding and retrieval of spatial memory, while activation of PV+ interneurons selectively disrupts encoding but not retrieval.
5960h agoA computational model shows that neuronal assemblies can be flexibly learned and combined to perform real-world computations without forgetting previous ones by using dendritic compartments for learning.
5960h agoFunctional networks in the brain start emerging before birth, with interhemispheric connections and systematic organisation observed in fetal data, showing similarities with neonatal functional networks.
5960h agoThe activation of the 5-HT2A receptor by psychedelic drugs promotes neuroplasticity through a reciprocal interaction with the mGlu5 receptor and the scaffolding protein Shank3.
5960h agoA Pax6 interneuron subclass is missing in mouse brains, but a similar subclass is found in other mammals, revealing primate-specific differences in brain cell types.
5960h agoHuman brain organization in children shares a common structure, but also shows individual differences, with core functional networks being similar but varying in association regions, and individual differences increasing with development.
5960h agoShared genetic architecture exists between schizophrenia, brain structure, insulin resistance, and inflammation at specific genetic loci.
5960h agoPoor comprehenders have weaker white matter integrity in brain areas related to reading and cognition, which may underlie their reading comprehension weaknesses despite having typical word reading skills and intelligence.
5960h agoDown syndrome causes impaired learning, memory, and language due to circuit-specific dysfunctional inhibition in the brain, specifically excessive inhibition in the dentate gyrus caused by increased dosage of certain genes.
5960h agoDifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells do not form complete synapses, and their use as a model for synaptic studies is limited.
5960h agoKCNQ2 loss-of-function disrupts human neuronal maturation through dynamic changes in function, gene expression, and structure, causing a spectrum of neonatal epilepsies.
5960h agoPremature birth disrupts cerebellar development, leading to motor and socio-cognitive impairments, and distinct mechanisms are triggered by different types of early-life insults.
5960h agoDopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens plays a key role in how the brain learns from rewards, and changes in this signaling cause related changes in blood flow in many brain areas.
5960h agoATRX-mediated chromatin remodeling in astrocytes is essential for maintaining hippocampal transcriptional homeostasis, neuronal function, and long-term memory.
5960h agoThe brain reorganizes connections between areas involved in memory and imagination depending on the task demands, with different tasks activating different leaders in the network.
5960h agoInteractions between the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex interneurons are essential for spatial working memory, and repeated stimulation of these interactions leads to class-specific changes in interneuron activity that can impair working memory.
5960h agoThe brain processes sound onsets and offsets differently, with distinct electrical responses in the brain, and the offset response is generally weaker than the onset response.
5960h agoBrain asymmetry follows distinct spatial patterns, with early leftward asymmetry in association cortices and late rightward asymmetry in sensory regions across the lifespan.
5960h agoBiostasis practitioners agree that synaptic connectivity is a reliable indicator of preservation quality, but face technical barriers such as inadequate preservation, geographic and procedural limitations, and disagree on revival strategies.
5968h agoThe Adaptive Blink-Correction and De-Drifting (ABCD) algorithm detects and eliminates faulty EEG channels, improving Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) performance by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and boosting classification accuracy to 93.81%.
5968h agoA new framework called HuiduRep extracts features from extracellular spike waveforms that are robust to noise and drift, enabling accurate spike sorting without supervision.
5968h agoHigh-density EEG recordings and a frequency-phase-space fusion encoding method enable brain-computer interfaces to achieve high information transfer rates of up to 472.7 bits per minute.
5968h agoArtificial intelligence research can improve predictions and human-AI interactions by incorporating insights on how decisions emerge over time and using related process data.
5968h agoTemporal correlations between neurons can enhance the transmission of stimulus information to a readout neuron, despite decreasing the information encoded in the input spike trains.
5968h agoTwo integrable systems are constructed on the loop algebra of the symplectic Lie algebra $\mathfrak{sp}(6)$, along with their Hamiltonian structures.
5968h agoAdaptive link sizes in neural networks lead to changes in synchronization patterns, including chimera and bump states, which vary with the average coupling strength and time scales of the network.
5968h agoDarboux's porism on folding quadrilaterals and Bottema's zigzag porism are put in the context of Arnold-Liouville integrability.
5968h agoMedium and heavy-duty commercial vehicles' electrification requires substantial upgrades to distribution infrastructure to prevent voltage violations on the distribution system.
5968h agoNeural networks effectively solve nonlinear partial differential equations, construct accurate bifurcation diagrams, and analyze linear stability, outperforming the finite difference method in tests on the Bratu and Burgers equations.
5968h agoThe wavefront shape that maximizes the light power passing through an aperture is obtained as an exact solution of a nonlinear integral equation.
5968h agoLocalized states in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation disperse if the nonlinear strength drops below a threshold, and are unstable in a noisy environment.
5968h agoDistinctness of physical systems is a finite resource that can be exactly counted to define basic physical quantities and limits to space and time resolution.
5968h agoThe q-characters of simple finite-dimensional modules over quantum affine algebras have an extremal monomial property, which is equivalent to the polynomiality of certain X-series.
5968h agoMany glass-formers exhibit a universal scaling of their characteristic relaxation time with only two material-specific parameters.
5968h agoA graph-based deep learning framework accurately predicts the magnetic properties of quasi-one-dimensional Ising spin systems from their lattice geometry.
5968h agoMachine learning models identify and analyze physical phenomena in microscopic images of honeycomb lattice spin-ice samples, automating the calculation of net magnetic moments and directional orientations.
5968h agoMany-body localization regime is not robust in two-dimensional disordered systems, as shown by experiments on a 70-qubit superconducting quantum simulator.
5968h agoCyclic quantum walks on graphs generate exotic topological phenomena, including gapped and gapless phases, protected edge states, and flat bands, which can be used for fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
5968h agoNeural quantum states with neural networks are not suitable for simulating strongly driven quantum dynamics because they can experience numerical breakdowns with certain time integration methods.
5968h agoThe expectation values of local observables in disordered quantum many-body systems can be distributed over a wide interval and exhibit nontrivial structure, reflecting the distribution of onsite disorder rather than non-ergodicity.
5968h agoCollective effects in a waveguide-QED system slow down the self-discharging time of a quantum battery, improving its storage time, especially when artificial atoms are arranged randomly or in a specific lattice pattern.
5968h agoTemporal correlations between neurons can enhance the transmission of stimulus information to a readout neuron, despite decreasing the information encoded in the input spike trains.
5968h agoMotor errors impair working memory performance by disrupting the maintenance of relevant information, and people may adapt by storing information in multiple states to reduce interference.
5968h agoLarge language models based on the transformer architecture do not represent sentence meaning in a human-like way, and they poorly capture aspects of sentence meaning beyond individual word meaning.
5968h agoOligodendrocytes can internalize myelin, which increases their proliferation and differentiation, and promotes their maturation and myelination.
5968h agoThe same neural circuit trains to predictively cancel a tutor's song and assesses performance quality, guiding self-directed learning of complex behaviors through purely local learning.
5972h agoA new dynamic stimulus called Zebra noise and a wavelet-based analysis model efficiently map multiple aspects of the visual preferences of thousands of neurons in the mouse visual cortex.
5972h agoGoal uncertainty reduces implicit sensorimotor adaptation, which is the automatic correction of movement errors through feedback and practice.
5972h agoListeners' brains adapt to speech variability by increasing uncertainty in perceiving individual phonemes and avoiding commitment to specific word candidates when hearing multiple unfamiliar talkers.
5972h agoNeural representations of speech features are jointly influenced by top-down predictions and bottom-up signal quality, with signal quality affecting neural tracking of speech modulations differently for predicted and unpredicted words.
5972h agoMuscle vibration affects perceived limb position and velocity by changing the signals from sensory receptors, and people integrate velocity signals to determine their position during movement.
5972h agoHuntington's disease model in non-human primates shows reduced structural connectivity between basal ganglia and cortex, and altered causal functional interactions, similar to those found in people with the disease.
5972h agoAutoMorphoTrack, an open-source Python package, automates detection, classification, tracking, and colocalization analysis of mitochondria and lysosomes in live-cell imaging data.
5972h agoPLX5622 promotes anesthetic emergence by enhancing anesthetic metabolism through inducing the expression of hepatic enzymes, not by changing neuronal activity or eliminating microglia.
5972h agoThe parasympathetic nervous system helps prepare the body for action and promotes stress resilience during threat by modulating interactions between the spine and brain.
5972h agoIschemic stroke triggers a widespread response of reactive astrocytes and microglia, with astrocytes reacting more rapidly and extensively than microglia, and this response is largely independent of microglia.
5972h agoGlutathione-coated nanoparticles stimulate neuron regeneration by forming complexes with netrin-G1 ligands and producing insulin-like growth factor-1, which successfully regenerates neurons in Alzheimer's disease and spinal cord-injured mice.
5976h agoDisordered gamblers have impaired goal-directed control and reinforcement learning, which is linked to changes in several brain parameters, but they still show intact neural responses to task transitions, rewards, and behavioral adjustments.
5976h agoIndirect neurogenesis massively amplifies and diversifies the cortical output channels across the brain, while direct neurogenesis produces limited projections mainly to the forebrain and midbrain.
5976h agoThe priority of intended actions dynamically reshapes their neural format, with neural coding changing to shield against interference and adapt to different demands over time.
5976h agoBAG family proteins are involved in common pathways linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and may function together in these neurodegenerative disorders.
5980h agoPhosphorylation at residue S421 of the huntingtin protein influences Huntington's disease biology, and a new ultrasensitive immunoassay can detect this phosphorylation in various biological contexts.
5980h agoCytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43 in skeletal muscle leads to muscle dysfunction, motor neuron loss, and neurodegeneration, which can be improved by suppressing TDP-43 in skeletal muscle.
5980h agoParkinson's disease-associated cognitive dysfunction is linked to changes in gene expression in the hippocampus that vary by sex and age.
5980h agoA specific group of neurons in the brain helps limit alcohol intake by sending inhibitory signals to other brain regions, which could lead to new ways to reduce binge drinking.
5984h agoNoradrenergic activation of the basolateral amygdala helps form distinct memories of similar events that happen close together in time through a process in the hippocampus regulated by miR-134.
5984h agoInformative spatial cues produce a higher and narrower bump of activity in the Drosophila head direction system and can remap other cues to create a self-consistent map.
5984h agoCheaper, lower-fidelity experiments can be incorporated into a closed-loop search for molecules and materials with desired properties.
5984h agoMulti-fidelity Bayesian optimization methods help with molecular and material discovery tasks by using cheaper and informative low-fidelity sources.
5984h agoAn artificial neural network-based strategy learns committor-consistent transition pathways, providing insight into rare events in biomolecular systems.
5984h agoThe birthdates of neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex determine where they project to, with neurons projecting to lateral areas born on embryonic day 15.5 and those projecting to medial areas born on a different schedule.
5988h agoHigher D2/D3 receptor availability in certain brain regions is linked to better memory performance in healthy older adults, while availability in other regions is associated with poorer memory performance.
5988h agoIntermuscular coupling between the tongue and palate shows different patterns for swallowing, mastication, and speech production, with more critical oscillatory regulation for swallowing than for mastication.
5988h agoDrug resistance in temporal lobe epilepsy patients is associated with lower limbic network integration and more severe depression symptoms.
5988h agoDR6 is dispensable for regulating axon degeneration and glial nerve injury responses during Wallerian degeneration.
5988h agoNon-planning impulsivity in late adolescence and early adulthood predicts procrastination in later adulthood, and this association is partly explained by shared genetic variants affecting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
5988h agoPsychedelics enhance associative learning in animals across different paradigms, with possible mechanisms including increased prediction error sensitivity, serotonin receptor agonism, and structural plasticity.
5988h agoMesial temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by neuronal loss and abnormal growth of mossy fibers in the hippocampus, which form new excitatory circuits that may contribute to recurrent seizures.
5988h agoThe development and evolution of the neocortical organisation is influenced by mechanical morphogenesis, in addition to genetics and experience, with brain folding and neuroanatomical patterns changing continuously with brain volume and correlating with behavioural similarity across primate species.
5988h agoTRPC6 channels regulate dopamine neuron activity, consummatory behavior, and reward valuation in a state-dependent manner, specifically in hungry mice.
5988h agoCognitive-emotional stress triggers similar physiological responses in individuals with and without social anxiety.
5992h agoInterpretable features combined with self-supervised speech model representations predict brain responses to speech more accurately than either one alone.
5992h agoInformation from human brain electroencephalogram data can differentiate between Go and NoGo trials, with a few specific channels consistently showing the difference for each individual.
5992h agoSpiking neural networks can control downstream systems using sparse neural activity, and a new method allows for task-specific spiking control with scalable and mathematically derivable network connectivity.
5992h agoA new theory proposes that depression's neural mechanisms involve a combination of dopamine-related pathophysiology, abnormal reinforcement learning, and a distributional code for representing value in the brain.
5992h agoA novel neural network mechanism that combines Transformer attentional operations with the neuroscience theory of binding by synchrony improves accuracy and noise robustness by synchronizing the activity of neurons encoding related features.
5992h agoThe Hodge decomposition breaks down changing brain networks into three key components that contain biologically interpretable features.
5992h agoThe well-posedness of selected generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies is reviewed based on published, prepublished, and unpublished results.
5992h agoNonlinear excitations with competing nonlinearities support intrinsic localized modes that exhibit spatial localization over a few lattice sites, and these modes exhibit specific bifurcation patterns as the governing parameters vary.
5992h agoThe transition from milling to schooling in fish groups is driven by a noisy transcritical bifurcation where the two collective states intersect and exchange stability.
5992h agoA model of two interacting components of light in an optical fiber exhibits spontaneous symmetry breaking of continuous-wave states when the nonlinear repulsion between the components is strong enough.
5992h agoPhase separation affects reaction kinetics in chemical oscillators by localizing reactants, allowing for control of oscillator frequency and amplitude.
5992h agoMachine learning techniques can learn a surrogate dynamical system that accurately evolves a turbulent Lagrangian trajectory over short and long times.
5992h agoPolygonal dynamics, a family of dynamical systems, exhibits collapsing phenomena where generic orbits collapse towards a predictable point.
5992h agoThe amplitude of an external fast signal can control limit cycle behavior and the onset of subharmonic oscillation in a van der Pol-Duffing oscillator.
5992h agoUnidirectional coupling between layers in a multiplex network can induce extreme events in an uncoupled layer, while bidirectional coupling tends to mitigate extreme events in a globally coupled layer.
5992h agoThis catalog presents examples of multistable dynamical systems from various fields of knowledge, along with computer code to reproduce their basins of attraction.
5992h agoHigher connection density in adaptive networks leads to both local clustering and global synchrony, while lower density networks tend to fragment into desynchronized clusters.
5992h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, specifically one class of 3rd-order equations and a 5th-order equation.
5992h agoCertain spatiotemporal patterns in reversible reaction-diffusion equations undergo snaking bifurcations, where many branches of patterned states coexist and connect at towers of saddle-node bifurcations.
5992h agoEdge states in topological insulators can self-accelerate along the boundary without scattering or diffracting, and nonlinearity affects their envelopes, allowing them to circumvent sharp corners and exhibit self-healing properties.
5992h agoGlassy dynamics are characterized by a vanishing gap between oscillatory and decaying modes in the Koopman spectrum, which serves as a model-agnostic signature for detecting and analyzing such dynamics.
5992h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all levels or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
5992h agoThe conservation of a charge operator supported by three neighboring sites guarantees the existence of all higher order conserved charges and hence the integrability of a quantum spin chain.
5992h agoScientists can identify the initial conditions that lead to rare events in chaotic systems by finding an effective map that reproduces the statistics of these events.
5992h agoThe dynamics of amorphous indium oxide films in the liquid helium temperature range are thermally activated, slowing down under cooling and accelerating upon heating.
5992h agoThe distributions of local observable values in disordered quantum many-body systems mirror the distribution of the onsite disorder, which can sometimes falsely suggest non-ergodicity.
5992h agoDynamical Mean-Field Theory (DMFT) provides a framework for analyzing systems with many interacting parts by reducing their complex dynamics to a simpler, single-part process.
5992h agoDopants in magnetic spin lattices are localized at nonzero temperatures in the Ising limit, but delocalize according to a power-law behavior when spin-exchange processes are present.
5992h agoMaterial networks can accelerate the discovery of binary and ternary amorphous alloys by revealing hidden material candidates and guiding new alloy design.
5992h agoRandom corrugations on a Fabry-Perot laser diode cavity wall affect the statistical properties of its spectral features.
5992h agoGlassy dynamics are characterized by a vanishing gap between oscillatory and decaying modes in the Koopman spectrum, which serves as a model-agnostic signature for detecting and analyzing such dynamics.
5992h agoStealthy interactions can create disordered glasses with novel physical properties, including ultradense packings with maximal packing fractions, that are similar to hyperuniform sphere packings.
5992h agoA quantum phase transition occurs in a single-electron system under nonadiabatic conditions, changing from non-Markovian to Markovian behavior over time.
5992h agoRidge regression's in- and out-of-sample risks have sharp asymptotics when data points have arbitrary correlations, and a modified estimator called CorrGCV provides an unbiased prediction of out-of-sample risk.
5992h agoA new methodology creates machine learning interatomic potentials that accurately model properties of metallic glasses, enabling robust model training across diverse states.
5992h agoA new non-invasive test can distinguish between different types of hearing loss by measuring brain responses to individual stimuli, helping to identify people who may benefit from treatments aimed at boosting strial function.
5992h agoSlower recognition memory speed is associated with changes in white matter structure, particularly in certain brain pathways, and this link is strongest in middle adulthood.
5996h agoVisual working memory has stronger connections to shared brain structures at rest, but auditory working memory shows more changes in brain connections during a task, which relates to better performance.
5996h agoAstrocytes communicate with each other through gap junctions to form networks that connect specific brain regions, and these networks are essential for proper central nervous system development and function.
6000h agoAstrocytes use IP3R2-mediated calcium signaling to regulate the maturation of glutamatergic synapses and the development of excitatory circuits, which are essential for visually driven behaviors.
6000h agoThe thalamus develops from two major glutamatergic lineages, sensory and motor/associative, which arise from separate progenitors and are governed by different gene regulatory programs.
6000h agoGut cells regulate feeding behaviors by detecting food quantity and quality, and send signals to the brain through nerve cells, with distension and aversive cues being dynamically encoded in developing circuits.
6000h agoEarly sensory deprivation causes large-scale reconfiguration of cortical networks, with the impact of visual experience and prenatal retinal waves on network establishment differing between mouse strains.
6000h agoRetinal ganglion cells adjust the speed of transmitting neural signals to keep visual perception precisely timed.
6004h agoThe sleep-onset period shows dynamic and non-monotonous changes with high variability, and a new model suggests that rapid switches between wake and sleep states are driven by internal control signals and noise.
6004h agoHigh-resolution fMRI scans of the spinal cord reveal two distinct response components to heat pain in the dorsal horn, which map to different layers.
6004h agoMisfolded alpha-synuclein causes brain atrophy that spreads in a network-like pattern, and this effect is generalizable across different genetic backgrounds and types of misfolded protein, but depends on the initial site of brain damage.
6004h agoThe cerebral cortex influences the development of complex vocal behaviors in mice, with mice lacking this brain region producing altered vocalizations that indicate distress and have lower informational complexity.
6004h agoAstrocytes in the cerebellum have diverse molecular properties and developmental origins, and are controlled by a hierarchical system of gene regulators that guide their development into distinct types and subtypes.
6004h agoInterneurons in the hippocampus sharpen memory-encoding activity by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of pyramidal neuron sensory representations during working memory in mice.
6008h agoA specific brain connection pattern, called the Alzheimer's-resilient connectome, differentiates older adults with exceptional memory from those with Alzheimer's disease and predicts slower cognitive decline.
6008h agoChildren with dyslexia do not properly distinguish regular words from pseudowords in their brains, unlike typical readers who show a distinct brain response to regular words over the left hemisphere.
6008h agoInstructions explain similar amounts of walking speed variance in young and older adults, but age differences in walking speed depend on the type of instruction given.
6008h agoCorticothalamic layer 6 modulates information flow between cortical and thalamic circuits by bidirectionally controlling firing rates in both the cortex and thalamus.
6012h agoThe middle orbital gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus represent recent attempts at achieving a hidden goal during exploration in a virtual environment.
6012h agoAuditory streaming is organized in the brain through neural populations with delayed cross-inhibition, and perceptual boundaries depend on threshold selection and bifurcations such as symmetry breaking.
6016h agoDisorder, rather than efficiency, plays a dominant role in the evolution of natural languages, with changes driven by disordered interactions between syntax parameters.
6016h agoHuman gaze patterns follow a baseline behaviour that is comparable across different contexts, and can be described by a context-agnostic eye movement model.
6016h agoExcitatory parvalbumin neurons in the Ento-MVL circuit of pigeons modulate responses to visual stimuli and enable rapid processing of motion-related information.
6016h agoNeuronal networks alternate between high and low activity regimes due to a universal bifurcation structure that emerges from the interplay between external input and synaptic connectivity.
6016h agoBrain rhythms play a central role in understanding human cognition, and their mechanisms, including phase-related dynamics and frequency interactions, underlie various cognitive domains such as perception, attention, and memory.
6016h agoFinal-state uncertainty is common in systems of coupled neuronal maps, making it nearly impossible to predict whether they will be chaotic or nonchaotic.
6016h agoDeep temporal computations can be mimicked by autoregressive models by structuring context access during iterative inference, allowing for fewer computations while maintaining predictive capacity.
6016h agoNetwork neuroscience studies use simplified assumptions about neural models and network structures, but adding more neurophysiological detail and complex network structures may improve understanding of brain function.
6016h agoInsomnia characteristics are linked to specific brain network changes, which can be identified using EEG data and a graph convolutional neural network model with 70% accuracy.
6016h agoThe affective content of dreams is associated with both their semantic content and structure, with positively valenced dreams having coherent and linear narratives and negatively valenced dreams having more narrative loops.
6016h agoA pure Multi-Layer Perceptron-based method, BrainNetMLP, achieves state-of-the-art performance in functional brain network classification by capturing spatial connectivity and spectral information.
6016h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations for a wide range of semantic concepts using well-characterized images.
6016h agoSynchronization in a chain of nonlinear oscillators is linked to increased energy transfer, and phase alignment among consecutive oscillators facilitates the energy cascade.
6016h agoVortex singularities in wave fields are a generic consequence of destructive interference, persist under small perturbations, and have applications in various fields.
6016h agoHamiltonian dynamics with triplet interactions between point particles exhibit chaotic motion, but also have special solutions, including equilateral and isosceles triangles, that can lie on invariant tori.
6016h agoThe theory for phase reduction analysis shows that traveling breathers in reaction-diffusion systems have spatial and temporal phases that are mutually coupled.
6016h agoThe Novikov equations have an explicit Hamiltonian form and can be solved by separating variables on a hyperelliptic curve of genus 2.
6016h agoThe Yajima-Oikawa equation models the propagation of ion sound waves, and its exact soliton solutions and long-time asymptotics are determined through a Riemann-Hilbert approach.
6016h agoA symmetric finite difference method solves the three-dimensional Bratu equation more accurately than previous methods and produces bifurcation diagrams for up to five dimensions.
6016h agoPhysics-informed neural networks provide an accurate and efficient way to solve nonlinear lattice problems, including approximating solutions, constructing bifurcation diagrams, and analyzing linear stability.
6016h agoSufficient conditions guarantee that an integrable system on a manifold with a symmetry group descends to an integrable system on a dense open subset of the quotient Poisson space.
6016h agoA stochastic perturbation of the Camassa-Holm equation conserves energy and generates solutions that spread around the deterministic solution, unlike a Casimir-conserving approach that produces peakons which may propagate away from the deterministic solution.
6016h agoNetwork connectivity and confidence bounds jointly determine collective behavior in opinion dynamics, with increased connectivity sometimes suppressing consensus and full unanimity being unattainable at low connectivity.
6016h agoThe researchers developed a coarse-grained model using the Martini method to investigate the long-time behavior of foldamers that behave like Euler archs and Duffing oscillators.
6016h agoThe mechanical behavior of graphene under tensile stress changes with temperature, with fracture stress, strain, and Young modulus decreasing almost linearly as temperature increases.
6016h agoThe interactive installation "Echoes of the Land" uses a spring-block model to turn seismic dynamics into a real-time sound and light experience that visualizes earthquake physics and complex behavior.
6016h agoThe quantization of the moduli space of multiplicative Higgs bundles is linked to five-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories, where Q-operators and q-opers are constructed and analyzed through a codimension-two defect.
6016h agoThe scalar one-point functions in the SO(6) sector of the D5-D3 probe-brane set-up can be calculated by mapping them to the overlap between matrix product states and Bethe states.
6016h agoMeasuring turbulent flows at mesoscales improves predictions of large and small-scale variables, especially when measurements are taken at high frequencies and cover at least two adjacent mesoscales.
6016h agoFinal-state uncertainty is common in systems of coupled neuronal maps, making it nearly impossible to predict whether they will be chaotic or nonchaotic.
6016h agoThe localisation of patterns in reaction-diffusion systems with slow spatial heterogeneity can be predicted by conditions for Turing-type linear instability and nonlinear analysis.
6016h agoThe conservative complex Swift-Hohenberg equation has largely unexplored solutions that differ significantly from its dissipative counterpart, with uniform solutions being inherently unstable and periodic solutions generally unstable except in a narrow parameter interval.
6016h agoAnalytical formulae for Koopman modes are found for classical continuous automorphisms of the torus, and the spectrum of the Koopman operator is studied for four cases of these maps.
6016h agoThe motion of a material point in a constant magnetic field on a sphere is completely integrable for any number of dimensions, with Lax representation and first integrals of degree one and two.
6016h agoThe nonlinear factorization method can be used to obtain isochronous waveform solutions of homogeneous Li\'enard equations by assuming an intermediate function that depends on both variables of the nonlinear equation.
6016h agoIsotropic spin chains with nearest-neighbor interaction are either completely integrable with local conserved quantities for all k or non-integrable with no nontrivial local conserved quantities.
6016h agoIn type-II superconductors, the density of superconductive electrons reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, when the Cooper pairs are tightly bound at zero temperature.
6016h agoA Siamese Neural Network accurately predicts percolation thresholds and critical exponents in three-dimensional systems using fewer labeled samples than traditional approaches.
6016h agoNonreciprocity in lattices gives rise to unusual wave phenomena, including anisotropic hybrid modes that exhibit skin localization in one direction and Anderson localization in another.
6016h agoVortex singularities in wave fields are a generic consequence of destructive interference, persist under small perturbations, and have applications in various fields.
6016h agoNi doping in TiCoSb samples enhances the power factor by 269% and causes a local structural transition at a specific composition.
6016h agoThe pinning transition in a fluctuating interface model may or may not coincide for different measures of the partition function, depending on the disorder distribution.
6016h agoNew algorithms estimate the partition function of spin glasses to high accuracy in quasipolynomial time for nearly all inverse temperatures in the second moment regime.
6016h agoA two-stage approach using representation learning accurately annotates and controls protein function from sequence data, even with limited labeled data.
6016h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
6016h agoThe Jonscher's Universal Dielectric Response Law holds true for a wide range of materials, as experimental results confirm that ac conductivity is a fractional power of frequency.
6016h agoIn strongly disordered, interacting, quantum chains, transport is anomalous because the conductance of a chain of length L vanishes faster than 1/L.
6016h agoGrokking arises naturally in a simple binary logistic classification task when the parameters of the problem are close to a critical point.
6016h agoThe dynamic space filling process stops when a single particle occupies every vertex, with the average halting time scaling with the number of vertices as $N^{4/d}$ when $d\leq4$ and as $N$ when $d>4$.
6016h agoThe arrow of time in quantum many-body systems emerges because Hamiltonian evolution scrambles quantum information and increases entanglement.
6016h agoPurkinje cells make different types of connections with other brain cells, mainly targeting other Purkinje cells, and use these connections to regulate their own activity through negative feedback.
6024h agoDementia with Lewy bodies shows reduced functional connectivity in key brain networks as it progresses, relating to core clinical symptoms, in a distinct pattern from Alzheimer's disease.
6024h agoAutobiographical memory supports empathy by allowing individuals to use their own experiences to understand others, but this works best when the individual's experience matches that of the person they are trying to understand.
6024h agoIndividuals with alcohol use disorder have normal motivation for social and monetary rewards, suggesting that sensitivity to non-alcohol related cues is not impaired in this disorder.
6028h agoThe brain's neural responses track sensory variability independently of the mean, with different regions showing distinct relationships to uncertainty, and these responses are linked to individual differences in confidence in decision-making.
6028h agoTreadmill exercise preserves retinal function and photoreceptor density, and decreases inflammation and cell death in a light-induced retinal degeneration model.
6028h agoAge-related hearing loss alters the physiology and morphology of fusiform cells in the cochlear nucleus, with changes including elevated firing rates and remodeling of the basal dendritic tree.
6028h agoMicroglia can be specifically genetically manipulated in rats using a new transgenic rat model, allowing researchers to study their function in the brain and complex behaviors.
6028h agoBlocking sodium, calcium, and glutamatergic channels does not prevent spreading depolarization, suggesting that additional mechanisms beyond these channels contribute to its induction.
6028h agoMany neurons in the visual cortex use a dual-feature encoding strategy, where they are selectively tuned to two distinct visual features, one that enhances and one that suppresses activity.
6028h agoA novel psychophysical model called the Wishart Process Psychophysical Model (WPPM) characterizes how humans perceive and discriminate colors in a three-dimensional color space.
6028h agoMisfolded synuclein fibrils enter healthy neurons through a complex of mGluR4 and Npdc1 proteins on the cell surface, leading to neurodegeneration.
6028h agoA deep learning framework estimates that current cochlear implant technology has limited ability to restore normal hearing, with simulated results matching the best human users.
6028h agoNociceptors express NKG2D ligands exclusively after injury, which interact with Natural Killer cells and may aid the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in chronic pain conditions.
6028h agoIndividuals with multiple sclerosis tend to overreport their levels of exertion and have less accurate effort assessment due to increased variability in physical exertion.
6028h agoThe brain uses different and shared networks to encode and recognize patterns in auditory and visual information, with distinct mechanisms for each sense and a shared network for recognition.
6028h agoThe cerebral cortex of humans and chimpanzees have different folding patterns in the superior temporal sulcus, with chimpanzees having relatively deeper grooves and humans having relatively larger surface areas.
6028h agoStarvation suppresses thermonociceptive behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans by changing the activity patterns of sensory neurons and switching the effects of certain neuropeptide signals.
6028h agoHuntington's disease protein, mutant huntingtin, can be measured in blood through extracellular vesicles, offering a potential less-invasive biomarker for the disease.
6028h agoPermeability and magnetization transfer substantially influence diffusion-weighted MRI measurements, causing underestimation of cylinder diameter and density and bias in microstructural parameter estimates.
6032h agoDeviations in white matter development during adolescence are linked to concurrent cognition problems and psychopathology, and predict psychiatric disorders and cognitive performance later in life.
6036h agoSubjective probability distortion underlies the cognitive process of anxiety, apathy, and depression, and including cognitive biases in modeling can extract hidden aspects of behavior linked to disorders.
6036h agoState-Space Models provide a framework that connects single-neuron dynamics to cognitive phenomena, unifying the emergence of complex brain activities such as time cells, ramping activity, and oscillations.
6040h agoThe brain's visual perception follows a common pathway across people and artificial networks, transforming sensory information into internal representations through two distinct streams: one for scene structure and one for social and biological content.
6040h agoA mathematical representation of syntactic objects can be constructed in a function space, allowing for a faithful representation of syntax that is compatible with a magma structure and can be implemented through neural circuits.
6040h agoThe stability gap in continual learning, which is a drop in performance on mastered tasks when new ones are added, is caused by an imbalance between rapid adaptation and robust retention, and can be reduced by an adaptive mechanism called uncertainty-modulated gain dynamics.
6040h agoThe analysis of small networks of slow-fast Morris-Lecar neurons shows that varying coupling strength drives different dynamics, including chaos, quasi-periodicity, synchronized bursting, and decay oscillations.
6040h agoThe quadratic-cubic discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation produces localized states, known as quantum droplets and bubbles, that emerge from two fronts connecting bistable equilibria near a Maxwell point.
6040h agoSolitons in nonlinear Schr\"odinger lattices have two permissible symmetry-related configurations: onsite solitons centered at lattice sites and intersite solitons positioned between adjacent sites.
6040h agoThe Hofstadter butterfly fractal illustrates the energy spectrum of electrons in a two-dimensional crystal lattice influenced by a magnetic field with a pattern of integers that serve as quanta of Hall conductivity.
6040h agoNonlinearity management changes the miscibility-immiscibility transition in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate by upshifting the critical strength of inter-component repulsion and restricting miscibility when the system periodically crosses the transition point.
6040h agoThe fractal structure of socioeconomic networks gives rise to inequalities in societies worldwide.
6040h agoSome magnetic monopole solutions have a new internal degree of freedom that controls their energy density profile while keeping their total energy constant.
6040h agoThe integrable spin chain formulation of Jordanian deformations of the $AdS_5\times S^5$ superstring reveals a unique supergravity deformation with constant dilaton and shows that the ground state is non-trivially deformed, while higher-spin excited states remain unclear.
6040h agoThe isostable coordinate framework helps identify slow manifolds in dynamical systems with fixed point attractors by focusing on the slowest decaying principal Koopman eigenmodes.
6040h agoScientists derive algorithms to optimize quantities like entropy and Kullback-Liebler-divergence in Markov matrices, allowing them to identify external forcings that provoke the largest response in a system.
6040h agoTranslating ecological data into a network framework helps measure system stability and evolution by capturing directional behaviour through observable quantities such as network entropy, species diversity, and the clustering coefficient.
6040h agoFour types of discrete Lagrangian 2-forms are associated with integrable quad equations, and they relate to the quad equations, tetrahedron equations, and octahedron equations in different ways.
6040h agoAlternative Lagrangian multiforms produce Euler-Lagrange equations equivalent to the ABS equations and including integer-valued fields in action sums fixes issues with existence and closure properties.
6040h agoA new method trains dynamical systems governed by Lagrangian mechanics by gently nudging trajectories toward targets and measuring responses to update parameters.
6040h agoThe study examines nonholonomic systems of rolling balls and finds that these systems possess an invariant measure, with certain cases being integrable according to the Euler-Jacobi theorem.
6040h agoA many-body discrete-time dynamical system exhibits a non-ergodic behavior with a multi-periodic response and a multi-fractal distribution of equilibrium spectral weights at all rational frequencies.
6040h agoThe competition between superconductivity and the overscreened Kondo effect leads to a rich phase structure, where different phases emerge depending on the strength of the Kondo coupling and interaction strengths.
6040h agoThe nonlinear Li\'enard equation can be derived from a more general equation and mapped to a harmonic oscillator, and it exhibits a bi-Hamiltonian character with two distinct types of Hamiltonians that allow for bound states.
6040h agoThis paper develops a theory of hyperelliptic functions and obtains explicit formulas for hyperelliptic solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations, solving the long-standing problem of describing how these solutions depend on the coefficients of a hyperelliptic curve.
6040h agoFluctuations in a two-lane model of hardcore particles are described by a system of stochastic Burgers equations at large space and time scales, with coupling-dependent scaling functions and dynamical scaling exponents.
6040h agoA two-temperature model with separate thermostats in the x and y directions shows chaos and a nonlinear increase in entropy production as the thermostat anisotropy grows.
6040h agoSocial media engagement on a specific topic can spill over into offline protest activities if the transmission rate between online and offline domains falls within a critical range.
6040h agoThe athermal quasistatic method is extended to finite temperatures by describing atoms as temperature-dependent Gaussian packets, allowing study of the effect of temperature on inelasticity and fracture in disordered materials.
6040h agoA general framework classifies fermionic dynamical systems with measurements using symmetry and topology, leading to a novel dynamical bulk-boundary correspondence and the realization of topological dynamical phases using Gaussian adaptive circuits.
6040h agoRhenium films evaporated onto room-temperature substrates are amorphous and superconducting with a critical temperature over 7 K and a high critical current density of 5000 A/mm^2.
6040h agoA hybrid protocol combining classical neural networks with quantum many-body systems enables robust image classification by leveraging the strengths of both to maximize separability in data.
6040h agoMachine learning approach characterises the environment affecting open quantum system dynamics by classifying and estimating key parameters of the spectral density function.
6040h agoCalculations show that light can induce spatiotemporal parametric instabilities in certain materials, paving the way for designer time-crystalline order in quantum materials.
6040h agoDeep thermalisation of mixed states happens when maximum-entropy ensembles are created by tracing out auxiliary degrees of freedom from an augmented system, depending on the initial state's entropy.
6040h agoThermal cycling changes the excitation energy of most two-level systems in amorphous solids, and a new model with pseudo-gapped two-level systems explains this phenomenon better than the standard tunneling model.
6040h agoNeuronal diversity in the brain changes the dynamic behavior of brain activity by altering the dynamic exponent from two to one in dimensions higher than two.
6040h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson, and Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses and a new phase of matter.
6040h agoBarcoded Rabies In Situ Connectomics (BRISC) maps synaptic connections in the mouse brain by using rabies viruses to transmit barcodes between connected cells, allowing the reconstruction of neural circuits at a large scale.
6040h agoRepeated activation of pain-sensing neurons increases the likelihood and intensity of pain responses in fruit fly larvae through a feedback loop involving the neuromodulator octopamine.
6044h agoTrisomy 21 impairs the activity and development of cortical circuitry by reducing glutamatergic synaptic connectivity and disrupting intrinsic membrane properties, leading to weakened neural network activity.
6048h agoSynaptic activation triggers a change in the translation machinery, shifting it towards the postsynaptic compartment and altering the proximity of RNA granule proteins to specific postsynaptic reporters.
6048h agoEarly-life adversity increases excitatory synapses in the paraventricular nucleus, leading to increased threat response in males, by inhibiting the microglial phagocytic receptor MerTK.
6048h agoStalled gamma-secretase enzyme-substrate complexes can trigger synaptic loss and neurodegeneration without producing amyloid beta peptides.
6048h agoExposure to ethyl butyrate during a critical period in the Drosophila olfactory system leads to long-term changes in odor sensitivity in specific olfactory sensory neurons, called Or42a OSNs.
6048h agoSOX2 phosphorylation and the PRKDC-dependent non-homologous end joining pathway are essential for reprogramming resident glial cells into neurons in the adult mammalian central nervous system.
6060h agoA simple mathematical formulation of basic neuroscience principles leads to a simulated neuromorphic system that can learn language semantics, syntax, and word order, and even generate novel sentences.
6060h agoCues that predict punishment change decision making, with chronic substance use altering this effect differently in males and females.
6060h agoCLCN4 genetic variations cause reduced excitatory neuron numbers and cell death by disrupting autophagic flux and endo-lysosomal dynamics, and MEG3 expression can rescue these defects.
6060h agoNRXN1 deletions impair synaptic function and plasticity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), but affect cortical synaptic function and plasticity in distinct ways in ASD and SCZ.
6064h agoAnaesthetic interventions reconfigure the emergent dynamical structure of the human brain in a drug-specific way, affecting the organisation and emergence of neural processes that underlie conscious experience.
6064h agoBrain activity becomes more individual when listening to speech with background noise, but shared brain processes occur when speech is hard to understand, and listeners still process meaningful units of speech even with some background noise.
6064h agoThe primate brain's hierarchical structure uses feedback connections to amplify neural responses and facilitate communication between different brain areas.
6064h agoLearning involves a dynamic interplay of activity across cortical layers, with layer 5 activity globally suppressed and layer 2/3 activity enhanced in specific areas as mice learn a whisker-based task.
6084h agoThe brain uses a specific code to evaluate its own working memory, combining memory strength and other cues to guide decisions about recalling information.
6084h agoOlder adults tend to prefer larger delayed rewards over smaller immediate ones more than younger adults, which may lead to missed opportunities for resources necessary for quality of life.
6084h agoLoss of the Autism-risk gene Shank3 alters the recruitment of neurons encoding socioemotional behavior in a cell type and spatially dependent manner, impairing activity patterns in superficial parts of the prefrontal cortex.
6088h agoThe choice of brain segmentation software tool leads to differences in estimated metabolite concentrations of up to 9% in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) research.
6088h agoIncreased expression of the Scn1a gene in mice with Dravet syndrome using a novel CRISPR-Cas-inspired RNA targeting system reduces seizures, sudden death, and improves survival.
6088h agoMutations in the SPAST gene lead to microtubule deacetylation and neurodegeneration in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia type 4 through aberrant activation of histone deacetylase 6, which can be treated with pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6.
6088h agoResolving pronoun meaning involves interaction across brain networks that activate a unique sensorimotor fingerprint for each individual, which is associated with experiences stored in memory.
6088h agoDeficits in BDNF/TrkB signalling and trafficking contribute to neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome, with enlarged early endosomes and impaired axonal transport of TrkB.
6088h agoA competition model between saccadic and fixation networks explains the distribution of eye fixation durations, suggesting that competition between neural networks facilitates decision-making for action and perception.
6092h agoMitochondria modulate calcium responses in astrocytes in a context-dependent manner, reducing calcium oscillations and signal propagation with weak glutamatergic input, and enhancing calcium responses with strong glutamatergic input and dopamine.
6092h agoOptically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) exhibit widespread reliability in capturing neural dynamics, particularly in lower frequency bands, and show robust correspondence with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings.
6092h agoThe study finds that changes in RNA processing, particularly involving the hnRNP network in glial cells, contribute to the pathology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 positive inclusions (FTLD-TDP).
6092h agoChildren with developmental language disorder have impaired speech processing, which includes decreased sensitivity to rhythm and stress patterns, and show elevated EEG power in all bands, but not impaired low-frequency decoding of speech signals.
6092h agoTargeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase1 Alpha (ERO1A) offers therapeutic potential for ER stress-related conditions. Two compounds, S88 and geniposide, inhibit ERO1A and reduce ER stress markers in human neurons.
6092h agoAir-liquid interface cerebral organoids can now be studied with a new bioelectronic platform called NeuroSuite, which allows for long-term, non-invasive tracking of electrical activity.
6096h agoThe somato-cognitive-action-network (SCAN) plays a role in motor/action planning and its network members overlap and couple transiently with other networks.
6096h agoFormic acid treatment reduces the seeding activity of synuclein aggregates in fixed brain samples, lowering the risk of accidental exposure in laboratories.
6096h agoAirway inflammation disrupts fear extinction in mice by activating a circuit between the subfornical organ and the infralimbic cortex through the immune molecule IL-17A.
6096h agoPupil dilation is a useful marker for investigating attention and cognitive effort in individuals with mild cognitive impairment, as it reflects responses to salient or demanding events and may help assess changes in cognitive function.
6096h agoUncertainty in graded beliefs is linked to brain activation in areas including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and posterior parietal cortex.
6096h agoAn optimized gradient scheme for magnetic resonance spectroscopy reduces out-of-voxel artifacts by improving the suppression of unwanted coherence transfer pathways, particularly in brain regions prone to these artifacts.
6096h agoThe link between covert visual attention and small eye movements called microsaccades depends on the stage of attentional deployment, with microsaccade biases more pronounced during the initial stage of shifting attention.
6096h agoThe DANDI Archive uses an AI-powered chat assistant and notebook generator to help researchers easily access and analyze open neurophysiology data, making it simpler to reuse and discover new insights from the data.
6096h agoUncrowding emerges after 160ms and is boosted when good-Gestalt flankers are presented briefly before the target, facilitating dynamic grouping and segmentation mechanisms in visual perception.
6096h agoA fibro-cellular intermediate leptomeningeal layer is present in the human central nervous system along the entire neural axis, dividing the subarachnoid space into two compartments.
6096h agoPeople with social anxiety disorder have a hard time distinguishing between safe and threatening social cues, and their brains tend to overgeneralize and react more to similar non-threatening stimuli.
6096h agoA conditioned stimulus that predicts a neutral event produces heightened alpha amplitude and reduced visual cortical responses, suggesting engagement of working memory, anticipation, or imagery processes.
6096h agoThe brain's blood flow changes are closely linked to an animal's speed, direction, and location during navigation, and these changes follow a specific pattern across different brain regions.
6096h agoBright light exposure in the morning improves emotional state, cognitive performance, and brain activity in adolescents, with benefits seen in both well-rested and sleep-deprived individuals.
6096h agoMyeliMetric, a new toolbox, helps assess myelin integrity and axonal conduction velocity by analyzing the g-ratio from electron microscopy images, enabling accurate and reproducible detection of deviations in g-ratio distributions.
6096h agoThe piriform cortex encodes and processes temporal features of odor stimuli, and its neural network can discriminate between different odor frequencies.
6096h agoVisual performance is better along the horizontal meridian than the vertical meridian, but there is no robust difference in performance between the lower and upper visual fields, whether at fixation or during saccades.
6096h agoDendrites in cortical and hippocampal neurons contain nanoscale constrictions that partition the dendrite into distinct electrical compartments, shaping dendritic integration of synaptic potentials.
6096h agoDifferent methods for measuring brain activity connections produce similar results in predicting behavior, and the choice of method does not greatly impact the findings of brain-wide association studies.
6100h agoThe cricket's brain undergoes reorganization after injury through molecular changes involving over 10,000 previously unknown genes related to G-protein signaling, hormone metabolism, and nerve development.
6104h agoMicroRNAs, specifically miR-7-5p, miR-106b, miR-424-5p, and miR-15a, serve as molecular links between insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease by regulating genes involved in both conditions.
6104h agoThe Slit/Dreadlocks/Roundabout/p21-activated kinase (Pak) signaling axis determines the left-right polarity of the asymmetrical body in the Drosophila brain through cell chirality established by Pak and ecdysone signaling.
6104h agoThe brain detects unexpected events by generating predictions about the external world and encoding positive and negative prediction errors through separate subgroups of neurons.
6108h agoPeople integrate information about possible outcomes to balance approaching positive and avoiding negative outcomes, and their decision-making is influenced by the uncertainty of these outcomes and the conflict between motivational drives.
6108h agoRepeating neural modules in AI architectures leads to robustness, adaptability, and generalization, similar to the human brain's structure, and may offer solutions to challenges in modern AI such as energy efficiency and scalability.
6112h agoSelf-Organising Maps (SOMs) with a modified oscillating Topological Neighbourhood (TN) offer a more realistic model of brain function, while producing similar results to standard SOMs in modelling aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
6112h agoA post-hoc interpretability framework reveals emotion-specific neural activation patterns in EEG signals, showing how a dual-branch neural network makes predictions about emotions based on brain activity.
6112h agoMinimizing mutual information between neural subgroups induces functional differentiation in recurrent neural networks, leading to high task performance, clear functional modularity, and moderate structural modularity.
6112h agoSecond-person neuroscience shows that social cognition is embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where agents' affective states emerge from inference over identity-relevant surprise and are computed from self-model prediction error.
6112h agoA novel problem class related to dynamics on large-scale networks can be formulated and efficiently solved using a coupled workflow between the Grover and Deutsch-Jozsa quantum algorithms.
6112h agoMicrobiome dynamics in living hosts depend on both the frequency and strength of interactions between hosts, and a new modeling framework with two separate parameters is needed to accurately capture these dynamics.
6112h agoThe attractiveness-driven interaction model shows that individual attractiveness leads to more compact groups, a power-law group size distribution, and suppression of a percolation transition, in contrast to a null model where agents move continuously.
6112h agoCavity polaritons exhibit quantum collective behavior, and their spin relaxation processes can be described by a new mathematical formalism that explains their dynamics in magnetic fields and excitation dispersions.
6112h agoMinimizing mutual information between neural subgroups induces functional differentiation in recurrent neural networks, leading to high task performance, clear functional modularity, and moderate structural modularity.
6112h agoAn unsupervised neural network detects quantum chaos directly from the Hamiltonian matrix, without needing eigenvalues or eigenvectors, by identifying a transition from integrable to chaotic spectral statistics.
6112h agoA new method equalizes the amplitudes of oscillators in a hyperspin machine, allowing it to reliably simulate complex spin models and minimize a spin Hamiltonian with improved performance.
6112h agoScientists construct quantum-integrable spin chains with q-deformed long-range interactions by "freezing" integrable quantum many-body systems with spins, resulting in chains like the Heisenberg, Inozemtsev, and Haldane-Shastry chains.
6112h agoSocial media engagement on a topic can spill over into offline protest activities when the transmission rate between online and offline domains falls within a critical range.
6112h agoThe Mackey-Glass equation exhibits stochastic resonance in the weak nonlinearity region and chaotic stochastic resonance with multiple positive Lyapunov exponents in the strong nonlinearity region.
6112h agoEntanglement between magnons and photons is maximized near the border between stable node and stable spiral regions, and is not defined in the saddle point region.
6112h agoNew models help control the spread of epidemics by showing how different strategies can change how people interact and affect the progression of an epidemic.
6112h agoA proposed generative model of evolving hypergraphs reproduces key features of empirical hypergraphs and can be used to predict hypergraph links with competitive accuracy.
6112h agoA method inspired by the growth dynamics of a protist identifies graphs that connect different nodes within a space with either the shortest or nearly shortest length.
6112h agoReservoir Computing can accurately predict rogue wave dynamics from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a challenging Hamiltonian system, by learning from breather simulations.
6112h agoA two-temperature particle model with separate thermostats in the x and y directions shows chaos and a nonlinear increase in entropy production as the thermostat anisotropy grows.
6112h agoIsing circuits generalize 1-NN classifiers with a special structure and their design can be aided by a diagrammatic device that helps eliminate local minima in the energy landscape through linear programming.
6112h agoA disordered network of bistable bonds subjected to periodic strain exhibits a continuous transition from a limit cycle with correlated instabilities at small strain amplitudes to erratic motion with localized instabilities at large amplitudes.
6112h agoThe topology of superconducting flux-qubit networks influences their magnetic response, with cross-shaped arrays showing a greater magnetic flux response than linear arrays due to cooperative coupling among qubits.
6112h agoA family of models with local interactions on finite-connectivity graphs exhibits spin glass order at finite temperature, with a low-temperature Gibbs state that decomposes into disjoint components associated with local minima of the energy landscape.
6112h agoMultiple topological Anderson insulators emerge in a 1D spin-orbit coupled chain driven by Fibonacci modulation, transforming a trivial band structure into a cascade of topologically nontrivial phases.
6112h agoThe non-affine lattice dynamics approach efficiently estimates the viscosity of liquids, including near the glass transition, by showing that all vibration modes contribute to the viscosity.
6112h agoShear bands in amorphous solids coincide with a chain of topological defects that pre-exist and are activated into a flow band with the disappearance of nearby dipoles.
6112h agoLong-term taste dysfunction after COVID-19 mainly affects certain taste qualities that rely on a specific protein, and is not caused by structural damage to the taste buds.
6112h agoThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role in cognitive control, reward processing, and conflict monitoring, and its dysfunction is linked to several neuropsychiatric disorders.
6116h agoA decrease in the mitochondrial enzyme GLDC leads to a remodeling of brain energy systems, characterized by changes in mitochondrial function and metabolism, in a rare neurological disease called non-ketotic hyperglycinemia.
6116h agoA high-resolution developmental transcriptional atlas of the Drosophila melanogaster nerve cord reveals that birth time determines the molecular identity of neurons, with a global temporal code based on birth order linking specification to differentiation.
6116h agoThe pathway from posterior amygdala cells to the ventrolateral part of ventromedial hypothalamus cells plays a critical role in the rise and fall of maternal aggression.
6116h agoVisual or audiovisual neurostimulation protects against stress-induced changes in behavior, brain cells, and neural connections in a sex- and frequency-specific manner.
6120h agoPhysical fatigue builds up based on how much time people think they have been exercising, not the actual time, and this effect is linked to brain activity in the frontal area.
6120h agoNeuroligin-3 interactions with Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan4 on glioma and healthy cells facilitate glioma growth and maintain healthy cells in an undifferentiated state.
6120h agoThe neuromuscular junction's ability to regenerate is largely preserved in the early stages of ALS, and stimulating the CXCR4 receptor can improve motor function, nerve survival, and breathing performance.
6120h agoNeural sensory systems adapt rapidly to changing environments through a gain-adaptive mechanism that optimizes coding efficiency, resulting in quickly adaptive tuning curves that reconcile contradictory phenomena of adapter repulsion and prior attraction.
6120h agoChronic pain is linked to a specific neural trait that prioritizes punishment learning, which may underlie susceptibility to the condition.
6120h agoCorticostriatal and thalamostriatal inputs drive motor behavior by sending complementary signals to the striatum through shared and cell-type-specific pathways.
6120h agoAdolescents outperform children and adults in learning by using Pavlovian response biases, while children have better memory for stimuli associated with positive outcomes.
6120h agoFrontal midline theta activity supports mismatch detection and explains individual working memory performance when comparing sensory input to internal predictions.
6120h agoFlow is marked by lower global entropy, higher dynamical agility, and decreased dynamical complexity in the brain, distinguishing it from boredom and frustration.
6120h agoMice show large but low-dimensional differences in behavioral traits, with some exhibiting anticipatory responses and others showing slower behavior, and these differences are linked to variations in cortical activity dynamics.
6124h agoC-low threshold mechanoreceptors play a key role in pain modulation and recovery by regulating tissue-specific transcriptional programs that suppress inflammation and support sensory homeostasis.
6124h agoMotor imagery recruits a neural representation of fingers similar to that of motor execution in the primary motor area of the hand.
6124h agoMotor learning activates specific types of neurons and glial cells in the motor cortex and dorsal striatum, leading to coordinated changes in their gene expression that shape the encoding and retrieval of motor memory.
6124h agoThe brain's response to injury from intraventricular hemorrhage differs by developmental stage, with brains at a later stage (postnatal day 5) showing a stronger immune and inflammatory response than brains at an earlier stage (postnatal day 2).
6124h agoThe FlyWire Drosophila brain connectome has been improved with new synapses, called Princeton synapses, which show better accuracy in detecting connections between neurons, especially in challenging areas.
6124h agoBMAL1 is expressed at low or absent levels in microglia, and epigenetic mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, likely regulate its expression in these cells.
6124h agoSemaglutide works by activating AgRP neurons to induce weight loss and lower blood sugar levels in female mice on a standard diet, but its effects on AgRP neurons change when the mice are on a high-fat diet.
6124h agoReal neurons have a higher computational complexity than simple linear units used in artificial neural networks, and their dendritic structures allow them to learn certain Boolean functions that simple units cannot.
6124h agoA new technique allows for high-resolution source reconstruction of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals using cortical global basis functions, enabling the processing of models with millions of surface elements.
6132h agoThe brain's functional networks change based on amplitude dynamics, with sensorimotor networks active during high-amplitude states, associative systems during intermediate amplitudes, and limbic systems during low-amplitude states.
6132h agoBaseline-Integrated Norms that incorporate baseline brain thickness and age predict brain region thickness at follow-up better than standard Cross-Sectional Norms based on age alone.
6132h agoHIV's viral protein R disrupts lysosomal function in neurons, leading to impaired degradation, through a pathway involving casein kinase 1 delta and the adaptor protein SNAPIN.
6132h agoA new framework integrates electroencephalogram (EEG) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data to create a digital twin brain model that tracks rapid neural dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution.
6136h agoThe brain spontaneously creates detailed internal maps of its surroundings, even when a person is passively viewing their environment, and this can be decoded using non-invasive brain-computer interfaces based on EEG.
6136h agoMost EEG foundation models adopt a sequence-based modeling scheme that relies on transformer-based backbones and the reconstruction of masked sequences for self-supervision.
6136h agoLarge Language Models show high consistency with humans in understanding language at the level of graph topological structure, offering insights into effective human-AI co-learning strategies.
6136h agoNeurons' sparse and highly variable firing patterns arise from individual neurons' threshold-like nonlinearity and supralinear activation, allowing for sparse and synchronous population activity.
6136h agoA mathematical framework for studying flickering inputs in visual processing tasks reveals that neural field dynamics converge to a periodic state when driven by periodic inputs.
6136h agoHomogeneous Differentiators effectively denoise measurements and faithfully reconstruct attractors of nonlinear systems, producing improved quality and resolution of reconstructed attractors with reduced computational time.
6136h agoThe System0/1/2/3 framework extends dual-process theory with a quad-process model that includes pre-cognitive embodied processes, fast intuitive thinking, slow deliberative thinking, and collective intelligence to unify cognition across multiple timescales.
6136h agoNeural networks can achieve radical generalization with the right input format and carry function when learning base addition, and their learnability is closely correlated with the structure of the carry function.
6136h agoDarboux transformations can be used to derive noncommutative versions of integrable partial difference equations, including a noncommutative nonlinear Schrödinger equation and its integrable discretisations.
6136h agoMass-Conserving Evolution (MaCE) is a method that can be added to existing Cellular Automata (CA) to make them conserve mass, producing more interesting behaviors.
6136h agoThe collective behavior of some animal species, such as honeybees, exhibits a critical phase transition, where bee activity in the hive shows long-range correlations and characteristics of a jamming process.
6136h agoA new method stabilizes the imaginary-time evolution scheme for the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation, preserving norm without disrupting the algorithm.
6136h agoTurbulence in the auroral ionosphere stems from field-aligned electrical currents and is governed by the flux of precipitating particles, not from local instabilities.
6136h agoConformable derivatives can model critical phenomena near continuous phase transitions, exhibiting power-law behavior in thermodynamic observables and capturing asymmetric scaling behavior around the critical temperature.
6136h agoA massive star cluster called R136 ejects a binary star, Mel34, through a strong interaction involving five stars, including a triple star system, resulting in the star being thrown out of the cluster 52,000 years ago.
6136h agoThreshold sensing helps Physarum polycephalum find optimal paths to connect food sources and solve mazes.
6136h agoRogue waves on the sea surface and nonlinear bending waves in a thin elastic plate share similarities in energy exchange through four-wave interactions.
6136h agoTopological modes of variability provide a new understanding of how complex systems change over time, linking mathematical concepts to real-world behavior.
6136h agoBroad-area semiconductor lasers spontaneously create phase-locked groups of transverse modes through nonlinear dynamics, resulting in a partially synchronized state with both synchronized and unsynchronized laser modes coexisting.
6136h agoSize-controlled clustering of self-propelled particles is achieved through a geometric design rule based on the particles' curvity, which controls pair cohesion, flocking stability, and self-limiting clustering.
6136h agoDissipative solitons and low-noise frequency combs are generated in a silicon-nitride microresonator-based nondegenerate OPO system, producing soliton combs at a far-detuned frequency band with a locked repetition rate.
6136h agoDisorder and random measurements in spin chains give rise to new phases and phase transitions, with a new class of strongly disordered fixed points emerging due to non-unitarity.
6136h agoMobility rings emerge in a spin-1/2 non-reciprocal Aubry-Andr\'{e} chain with SU(2) non-Abelian artificial gauge fields, separating localized and extended eigenstates in the complex energy plane.
6136h agoGlauber dynamics outperforms traditional approaches in solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems by using stochastic fluctuations to find better solutions.
6136h agoTensor networks with holographic disorder preserve site-averaged correlations and entanglement of a critical phase, even at large system sizes, and their entanglement entropy follows the expected scaling of a conformal field theory.
6136h agoExcess iron and amyloid beta combine to drive neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease, with iron promoting amyloid beta fibrillization and amyloid beta selectively accumulating in and killing neurons.
6136h agoRepetition suppression of nociceptive laser stimuli is mainly driven by bottom-up adaptation processes, not by top-down factors such as expectations.
6140h agoThe brain uses local error signals and a form of error backpropagation algorithm to learn from mismatches between expected and actual stimuli.
6140h agoThe redundant signal effect, where humans respond faster to multisensory signals than to their individual parts, is best explained by the relay model, which extends the traditional race model by incorporating cross-modal initiation and sequential race processes.
6140h agoBlood in the cerebrospinal fluid after a haemorrhagic stroke causes tissue damage and leads to fibrosis of cortical blood vessels, which can result in post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus and increased morbidity.
6140h agoBrain-inspired sound segregation algorithm improves automatic speech recognition accuracy by up to 54% in noisy, multi-talker environments.
6140h agoThe superior colliculus directly supports visually-driven orienting movements, with its visual response strength being the strongest predictor of variability in eye movement timing, more so than the primary visual cortex.
6140h agoThe dataset provides neural responses and self-report measures that can be used to explore individual differences in visual touch perception, including emotional empathy and perspective-taking.
6140h agoThe Kalman filter's application in brain-machine interfaces has six critical limitations, including ignoring neural population activity and misestimating noise, which can be resolved by separating the decoder from the Kalman filter.
6140h agoA new method called Macaca-Star enables the integration of different imaging datasets of macaque brains by providing fully automated alignment of images to a standard space.
6140h agoConvNeXt-Base model accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease from structural MRI scans with 98.37% accuracy and an AUC of 0.992, outperforming existing models.
6140h agoThe microenvironmental features of neurons, derived from a large-scale electron microscopy dataset, improve spatial coherence and reveal associations with brain functions such as intercellular communication, long-range projections, and specific behaviors.
6140h agoVoluntary attention can be directed by various factors, and studies have found that people's brain activity differs after they choose what to focus on, but not before, when it comes to choosing a color to attend to.
6140h agoPrions cause synapse damage by creating a toxic form of themselves on the surface of neurons, not by using an existing toxic form that binds to the neuron surface.
6140h agoFramed representational similarity analysis (RSA) introduces a new technique that evaluates model-predicted representations by incorporating both the geometry of neural activity patterns and population-mean preferences, improving accuracy for brain-region identification and model comparisons.
6140h agoHDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the β-catenin–TCF interaction.
6144h agoA new class of brighter and more photostable dyes selectively labels astrocytes, enabling researchers to visualize and identify subpopulations of astrocytes in rodent and zebrafish model systems.
6144h agoThe visual system estimates the location of a collection of points by partitioning them into clusters and then computing a weighted average of the cluster locations.
6144h agoOptimizing plasticity and sparsity helps artificial neural networks develop a brain-like hierarchical organization with faster plasticity and sparser activity in higher layers.
6144h agoA multivariate computational approach reveals that paradoxical heat sensation, a thermosensory illusion where skin cooling feels like warmth, is often an uncertain experience, and people perceive it differently, with age affecting the likelihood but not the nature of the perception.
6144h agoKIASORT, a new automated spike sorting method, integrates knowledge from channel-specific classifiers to accurately sort neural signals from large-scale recordings.
6144h agoChanges in gene expression in the retina and choroid are associated with progression from intermediate to late-stage age-related macular degeneration, with immune response genes and specific cell types being potential targets for therapy.
6144h agoTightly clustered neuronal sites within the insular cortex have distinct roles in memory encoding, with some tracking emotional valence and others predicting memory, and stimulation of memory-related sites sparks strong hippocampal responses.
6148h agoOligomeric tau is present in synapses of people with progressive supranuclear palsy, and tau pathology may spread through the brain via synapses.
6148h agoAge, amyloid-β status, presence of an APOE ε4 allele, and female sex are key contributors to tau PET positivity.
6148h agoThe human brain synchronizes visual signals by adjusting axonal conduction speed in the retina, revealing a new mechanism for precise perceptual timing.
6148h agoWhite matter coactivation patterns in the brain support rapid naming in auditory and visual domains through distinct mechanisms.
6148h agoHeart rate fluctuations influence the reconfiguration of functional brain networks, with greater network integration linked to elevated heart rate and segregation linked to lower heart rate.
6148h agoChronic pain leads people to make decisions based more on recent experiences and less on overall value, which may contribute to the persistence of maladaptive behaviors.
6156h agoThe brain's vascular network is sustained by a specific organization of blood vessels, predicted by the co-expression of Cldn5 and Acta2 genes.
6156h agoAlzheimer's disease rats show a loss of motivated and flexible behavior during learning and testing, and abnormal brain activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, compared to healthy rats.
6156h agoSynaptic connections on cortical pyramidal neurons are biased toward basal dendrites in most layers, with most excitatory drive placed near the cell body, and are shaped by both neuronal geometry and axon-level targeting preferences.
6156h agoA new model estimates E/I balance from non-invasive brain recordings, allowing for the simulation of changes in balance and their impact on brain activity, which may lead to new ways to develop personalized interventions.
6156h agoStimulating astrocytes in the substantia nigra with optogenetics reduces motor deficits and dopamine neuron loss in a Parkinson's disease model.
6156h agoThe disruption of the photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelium interface causes photoreceptor outer segment loss in CLN3 disease, and recombinant human acid ceramidase can rescue this disease phenotype by targeting altered sphingolipid metabolism and retina degeneration.
6156h agoNeuroscience, artificial general intelligence, and neuromorphic computing are converging into a unified research paradigm that combines human and machine intelligences to create next-generation AGI systems.
6160h agoA functionalist approach to emotion uses a mathematical framework to explore how emotional valence in biological systems aligns with a utility function based on biologically plausible traits.
6160h agoNeural networks can achieve radical generalization in learning functions, such as base addition, when they use the right input format and carry function, with learning speed closely tied to the structure of the carry function.
6160h agoLangevinFlow, a new model, captures the dynamics of neural populations by combining intrinsic network activity and external influences using the underdamped Langevin equation and physical priors.
6160h agoSummary statistics of neural activity can help predict performance and inform understanding of learning in both biological and artificial neural networks.
6160h agoA possible path to scalable aligned artificial intelligence is to enable artificial agents to learn a good model of the world, including a good model of human preferences, through structure learning and representation of other agents' world models.
6160h agoA generalized Riemann-Hilbert-Birkhoff decomposition is proposed that expands the standard integrable hierarchy formalism to include higher integer powers of Lax matrix components and non-zero constant background solutions.
6160h agoA dissipative system in a photonics system creates robust causality, leading to spontaneous symmetry breaking, which can be used as a computational resource for solving combinatorial optimization problems.
6160h agoDispersive shock waves in the defocusing, discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation exhibit a sharp threshold in discretization, beyond which continuum dynamics from dam breaks are observed, and a multitude of wave patterns emerge, including unsteady shocks, traveling waves, and dark solitary waves.
6160h agoScientists extend a framework for understanding rare events in chaotic systems to higher dimensions, allowing them to find effective dynamics that reproduce the statistics of unlikely events.
6160h agoA time crystal, known as a Hawking time crystal, is observed in a quantum black-hole laser, characterized by periodic dependence of the out-of-time density-density correlation function.
6160h agoThe model of a two-temperature Nosé-Hoover wanderer particle confirms chaos and shows that entropy production grows nonlinearly with thermostat anisotropy, following a superquadratic power law.
6160h agoStructural perturbations cause a geometric breakdown in scale-invariant networks, triggering a structural phase transition and inducing non-trivial fractal dimensions.
6160h agoA new framework for quantifying causal emergence in Gaussian iterative systems reveals that macro-states can exhibit stronger causal effects than micro-states.
6160h agoEntanglement, stabilizer entropy, and entanglement spectrum anti-flatness evolve differently over time in free-fermion theories and non-integrable models after a quantum quench in a spin chain.
6160h agoQuantum chaos in many-body systems with time reversal symmetry shows universal signatures that can be described by random matrix theory and emergent classical models, such as a ferromagnetic Ising model.
6160h agoNoise accumulation in social media propagation leads to increasing opinion distortion and the emergence of intra-layer synchronization.
6160h agoA unified framework for embedding and analyzing dynamical systems uses generalized projection operators to decompose network fluxes and potentials, allowing for the effective approximation of collective behavior in diverse domains.
6160h agoRing-like brittle structures under explosive loading fragment in different ways, transitioning from one-dimensional segmentation to two-dimensional planar fragmentation and complete shattering as strain rate and ring thickness change.
6160h agoTopological multicritical points in a one-dimensional chain have stable localized edge modes and are surrounded by nontrivial gapped and critical phases.
6160h agoInteracting particles in a one-dimensional disordered system undergo a localization transition that shifts to the non-interacting point with attractive interaction.
6160h agoA novel approach using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and ResNet-18 detects anomalies in IoT network traffic by effectively capturing temporal patterns and enhancing class separability.
6160h agoThe hidden fermion Pfaffian state accurately represents both unpaired and superconducting phases in strongly interacting fermions and captures s-wave and d-wave pairing.
6160h agoThe study of three variants of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model shows that they exhibit linear entanglement growth at early times and saturate to a universal value, but their growth rates differ due to varying degrees of chaos.
6160h agoDirac waves remain delocalized along a vector potential with fixed direction despite random temporal variations in its magnitude, but exhibit pronounced spatial localization and diffusive behavior when propagating at any off-axis angle.
6160h agoTemporal disorder in time-varying media suppresses wave propagation and induces localization, with statistical regimes of energy distribution depending on input symmetry and temporal dynamics.
6160h agoTopological edge states emerge in one-dimensional off-diagonal mosaic lattices with periodically modulated hopping amplitudes, exhibiting robust localization and nodal structures that depend on edge configurations and remain stable under off-diagonal disorder.
6160h agoThe study finds that statistical fluctuations in a model of two-dimensional free fermions exhibit a remarkable analogy to Anderson localization, with key observables showing universal fluctuations in the delocalized phase and multifractal statistics at the transition point.
6160h agoStructural perturbations cause a geometric breakdown in scale-invariant networks, triggering a structural phase transition and inducing non-trivial fractal dimensions.
6160h agoRepresenting coordinates as complex numbers enables solving distance-based optimization problems through optical fields using either the canonical transformation method or the gain-based bifurcation method.
6160h agoA generalized framework establishes a systematic scheme for studying phase transitions of long-range order in disordered systems, proving the persistence of long-range order at low temperatures and under weak disorder in dimensions $d \geq3$.
6160h agoCoupling a strongly disordered chain to another disordered chain with anti-symmetrically correlated disorder causes the system to undergo Anderson delocalization and reinstates the non-Hermitian skin effect.
6160h agoInteracting fermion systems subjected to a uniform electric field undergo an ergodicity-to-localization transition, with results showing localization at non-zero field in one dimension and less clear signatures of localization in two dimensions.
6160h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension yields an explicit linear integral equation that controls the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials using supersymmetry-based techniques.
6160h agoMonitoring neural network weight space while learning quantum statistics helps develop physical intuition about complex patterns, leading to more effective classical representations of wave functions.
6160h agoProjected time-dependent Variational Monte Carlo (p-tVMC) method provides a powerful framework for simulating the dynamics of large-scale two-dimensional quantum systems.
6160h agoIncubated craving for cocaine and sucrose is driven by activation of NMDA receptors and CaMKII signaling in the prelimbic cortex, and blocking both targets has an additive effect on reducing craving.
6160h agoA method using electroencephalography can decode brain activity patterns to predict when people are about to make errors due to lapses in sustained attention.
6160h agoAnticipatory EEG signals reflect attentional resource-allocation, not the emotional content of upcoming stimuli, and are linked to faster reaction times.
6160h agoThe novelty-seeking behavior of adolescent rats determines their initial sensitivity to cocaine and long-term behavioral responses to the drug.
6160h agoMrgD receptor plays a role in regulating neurotransmission and behavior in the central nervous system, particularly in motor and reward-related circuits.
6160h agoDeepDisco uses deep learning to rapidly predict brain connectivity maps from binary regions or lesions.
6160h agoSLDGABA neurons suppress wakefulness and promote non-REM sleep by projecting to wake-promoting brain regions, and their dysfunction contributes to narcolepsy symptoms.
6164h agoLearning and exploiting spatial predictive context can occur outside of attentional focus, but selective attention controls how spatial predictions influence behavior.
6164h agoThe Fusiform Face Area and Parahippocampal Place Area connect with different brain regions and have unique activity patterns that support their specialized roles in face and scene perception.
6164h agoAge and auditory memory are the main determinants of speech-in-noise ability, with central auditory processing playing a bigger role than peripheral hearing.
6164h agoIrrational decisions arise from the internal connectivity structure of orbitofrontal networks, which was shaped by biological constraints, and this structure also provides enhanced resilience to neural loss.
6164h agoConvolutional neural networks estimate surface albedo better than humans and use a different strategy, relying on global cues like shading and shadows, whereas humans use more local cues like local contrast.
6164h agoA modular software pipeline enables targeted imaging and analysis of dendrites using two-dimensional scanning on standard two-photon microscopes to map synaptic input organization and understand neuronal input-output function.
6164h agoMutations in the CHRNA5 gene lead to increased preference for nicotine and alcohol, impaired regulation of responses to drugs, and changes in appetite and daily rhythms.
6168h agoA new wearable device using Helium can measure brain activity during motor tasks with similar results to traditional MEG, allowing for less restricted brain studies.
6168h agoFishExplorer is an interactive platform that integrates and analyzes brain data from larval zebrafish, enabling researchers to visualize, explore and compare neuronal morphologies and synaptic connections.
6168h agoThalamic pulses evoke delayed theta oscillations, uncovering distinct pathways in the brain's functional architecture.
6172h agoFever triggers structural synaptic enhancement in the prefrontal cortex, which can lead to long-term improvements in brain function and even mitigate learning deficits and synaptic loss associated with aging.
6172h agoThe activation of 5-HT2C receptors produces different effects on anxiety-like behaviors in zebrafish, with agonist MK-212 increasing anxiety-like behaviors in light-dark tests and antagonist RS-102221 decreasing defensive behaviors in novel tank tests.
6172h agoIndividual differences in emotion regulation success are linked to systematic reconfiguration along a specific brain organization gradient that differentiates areas involved in sensory processing and higher-level cognitive functions.
6172h agoNeuronal networks process oscillatory inputs through complex interactions of biophysical properties and time scales that shape neuronal filters, leading to resonance, phasonance, and frequency-dependent communication between cells.
6172h agoA new framework that combines Oblique Random Forests with a permutation-based feature importance testing algorithm accurately classifies sex from neuroimaging data and provides clear insights into the neuroanatomical features that distinguish sexes.
6172h agoThe interaction between circadian and homeostatic drives governs sleep-wake transitions, and a new model captures key physiological phenomena, including sleep-wake rhythms, sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation.
6172h agoHuman neuronal models expressing 4R tau develop key features of frontotemporal dementia, including hyperphosphorylated tau and somatodendritic mis-localisation, and can be used to identify therapeutic modulators of pathological tau.
6172h agoGeneral anesthetics disrupt large-scale brain networks, causing them to become weak, fragmented, and more similar to their anatomical structure, leading to unconsciousness.
6172h agoThe suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) responds to light during the daytime, and Pde10a helps regulate this responsiveness to maintain daily oscillations.
6172h agoAdolescents are more likely to engage in risk-taking behaviors, such as drug use, because they are naturally inclined to seek out new sensations and explore their environment.
6172h agoEthanol exposure impairs the strengthening of connections between hippocampus and nucleus accumbens neurons, and this impairment persists even after stopping ethanol consumption.
6176h agoMossy fiber connections to pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA3 region show a proximodistal gradient of input, with more numerous inputs to proximal cells, and form a feedforward inhibitory circuit with specific interneurons.
6176h agoGlycosylation defects disrupt neuronal development, cause an imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory brain activity, and lead to abnormal brain network function in a model of a rare genetic disorder.
6176h agoThe auditory cortex of deaf individuals contains information about higher-level processes such as task and sensory modality, similar to hearing individuals, suggesting that crossmodal plasticity relies on enhancement of existing representations rather than new ones.
6176h agoProximity to specific functional targets derived from individual scans does not improve outcomes in patients with depression treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
6176h agoPeople with a genetic mutation called R221W have abnormal brain structure, including reduced fibre density in motor tracts and altered cortical network efficiency, which may lead to their indifference to painful stimuli.
6176h agoMetabolic brain network reorganization occurs in Alzheimer's disease, with increased entropy, connection strength, and clustering coefficients, as a compensatory mechanism for pathological disruption.
6176h agotDCS over the left prefrontal cortex enhances physical performance by increasing neural efficiency of prefrontal networks, and baseline functional connectivity predicts individual responses to tDCS.
6176h agoNoise-induced hearing loss causes a temporary shift in the balance of inputs to auditory cortex neurons, with corticothalamic neurons becoming dominant before returning to normal, and this change is accompanied by distinct changes in the properties of these neurons.
6180h agoAdults with ADHD have disrupted high-frequency brain communication within and between key cognitive networks, marked by widespread low connectivity in the high-gamma band.
6180h agoCNeuroMod-THINGS provides a large-scale fMRI dataset that captures neural representations for a wide set of semantic concepts using well-characterized stimuli.
6184h agoAutism spectrum disorder is characterized by lower network energy, driven by changes in brain connections and activity, which correlates with symptom severity and can be used to classify the disorder with 79% accuracy.
6184h agoNeuromodulation adjusts neuronal properties to preserve rhythmic patterns in neural networks across a wide range of periods by coordinating changes in key cellular mechanisms.
6184h agoThe brain can be fully understood through the behavior it generates. or BEAST, a new framework, helps analyze animal behavior from video data without needing extensive labeled data.
6184h agoA single-channel high-density EEG system can dissociate cognitive and stress-related activity, yielding multiple reliable biomarkers of cognitive and affective states during a brief auditory task-based protocol.
6184h agoGuided slow-paced breathing at a 5:5 rhythm reduces stress and improves emotional regulation by changing brain activity and lowering anxiety levels.
6184h agoPeople with strong visual imagery abilities have complex and naturalistic visual hallucinations during Ganzflicker, while those with weak imagery abilities have simple geometric patterns.
6184h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn to generalize infinitely to data far beyond the original training set, even with finite training experience, by developing an implicit representational merger effect.
6184h agoA vision transformer-based deep learning framework using multi-shell diffusion MRI data accurately classifies Alzheimer's disease and amyloid presence with a best balanced accuracy of 95.2% for distinguishing Alzheimer's disease dementia from cognitively normal individuals.
6184h agoThe distribution of intrinsic frequencies derived from dynamic mode decomposition characterises neural activities and can distinguish patients with dementia or Parkinson's disease from healthy subjects more accurately than amplitude spectra.
6184h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and activation functions.
6184h agoA novel model of brain function incorporates variable and asymmetric neural connections, allowing for pattern recognition, learning, and memory, and simulations support the model's ability to recognize, learn, and forget patterns.
6184h agoConsciousness emerges as a cycle of inference shaped by emotion and refined by cognition, which integrates experience over time through a latent self-model.
6184h agoEmotion and fairness play a key role in mediating socioeconomic decisions, with economic fairness being the dominant predictor of acceptance rates and neural markers having minimal effect on decision-making.
6184h agoSpontaneous brain activity helps maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs, which is necessary for optimal brain function and memory consolidation.
6184h agoAutistic young adults have more random and less stably connected neural dynamics compared to neurotypical peers, with differences in brain network organization and synchronization that are affected by eye state.
6184h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking and spontaneous antisymmetry breaking occur in a system described by the nonlinear Schroedinger equation on a one-dimensional ring with delta-functional potential barriers.
6184h agoEquitability is a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of independent cluster synchronised solutions in networks of coupled dynamical units with multi-layer and higher-order interactions.
6184h agoScientists have constructed an integrable generalization of the modified Kadomtsev-Petiashvili equation in three spatial dimensions, which involves complex time and preserves Laplace's equation.
6184h agoTraffic flow exhibits a percolation phase transition and fluctuations that follow predictable statistical properties, which could lead to improved forecasting and management strategies.
6184h agoThe vibration patterns of a coin vibrating motor change in a complex nonlinear way with increasing voltage, showing amplitude modulations, frequency shifts, and stochastic deviations.
6184h agoLearning low-dimensional chaotic systems from noise-free data can be achieved with machine precision accuracy using a method that combines ordinary least squares regression with high-degree polynomial features.
6184h agoThe massive Thirring model has been adapted into semi- and fully discrete forms, with multi-bright soliton solutions constructed using Hirota's bilinear approach and the KP reduction method.
6184h agoThe symmetry of diversity distribution in networks of coupled excitable units plays a fundamental role in the emergence of global network oscillations.
6184h agoThe left-right Husimi representation of chaotic scattering systems remains invariant under closed classical dynamics in the semiclassical limit and factorizes into a classical multifractal structure and universal quantum fluctuations.
6184h agoThe HK dynamics attain quasi-synchronization in finite time in bounded high-dimensional space, but only in low-dimensional cases in unbounded space.
6184h agoA mechanism is introduced through which roton spectra can emerge in superfluids from the collective excitations of two counterflowing condensates with zero-range interactions.
6184h agoNeuromodulation adjusts neuronal properties to preserve rhythmic patterns in neural networks across a wide range of periods by coordinating changes in key cellular mechanisms.
6184h agoA quasi-phase-matched technique in quadratic nonlinear crystals generates an artificial gauge field that produces stable chiral solitons with energy flow rotating around them.
6184h agoAbrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors have a density of superconductive electrons that reaches a maximum outside the vortex core, surpassing its bulk value, in the zero-temperature limit with tightly bound Cooper pairs.
6184h agoRelativistic corrections are important for studying the stability of 2D non-topological solitons with quartic self-interaction, and their violation of conformal symmetry leads to exponentially growing modes.
6184h agoLinear Operator Causality Analysis (LOCA) provides a physics-based measure of causal interactions in fluid flows by leveraging the linearised governing equations.
6184h agoNonlocal coupling enables control of collective stochastic dynamics in coherence resonance by enhancing or suppressing the effect through adjusting the coupling radius.
6184h agoThe Kolmogorov-Zakharov stationary states for weak wave turbulence are expressed in terms of divergences of two-point expectation values using a non-perturbative relation.
6184h agoLaser illumination induces a long-range interaction that allows for stable self-trapping in Bose-Einstein condensates, creating tightly self-trapped modes with small-amplitude tails.
6184h agoSpontaneous brain activity helps maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory neural inputs, which is necessary for optimal brain function and memory consolidation.
6184h agoReservoir Computing techniques can filter out noise and reconstruct unobserved nonlinear dynamics from limited sensor data, even in noisy regimes, by optimizing hyperparameters and truncating redundant nodes and edges.
6184h agoThe adaptive behavior of individual components in a living system changes their interactions, which in turn determines the emergence of system functions.
6184h agoA unified understanding of technology and biology can be achieved through evolvable design, which is formalized by a new approach called goal assembly that integrates hierarchical structure, non-uniform representation, and modularity.
6184h agoNon-stabilizerness thermalizes to its average value in generic quantum circuits where non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
6184h agoThe Korteweg-de Vries equation is solvable by quadrature under meromorphic initial conditions if the meromorphic potential is reflectionless and absolutely integrable on a certain interval.
6184h agoA new network reduction method accurately preserves epidemic spreading dynamics and information flow in complex networks by removing low-centrality nodes and regulating edge density.
6184h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model ground state free energy can be computed within a constant factor of the optimum using a simple practical algorithmic procedure called CLuP-SK.
6184h agoNon-Bloch band theory is extended to disordered systems with a new real-space Lyapunov formulation that links spectral density, localization, and Lyapunov exponents, and reveals the topological nature of the skin-Anderson transition.
6184h agoGlauber dynamics outperforms traditional methods for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems by using stochastic fluctuations to find better solutions.
6184h agoNeural networks with multiple memory states can be stable under a wider range of conditions than previously thought, with stability depending on neural activity patterns and activation functions.
6184h agoPhotonic systems improve machine learning for graph-based data problems by efficiently embedding relational and topological information, leading to over 90% accuracy for certain classification tasks.
6184h agoA new formalism allows for direct manipulation and optimization of subspaces, and a method called Bridge improves the performance of variational dynamics by reducing errors from discretizing dynamics.
6184h agoLarge datasets used for machine learning predictions of electronic structure contain a high level of redundancy, and can be reduced by up to 100-fold without losing predictive accuracy.
6184h agoA chain of topological defects pre-exists and then forms a flow band in amorphous solids, leading to the creation of shear bands.
6184h agoA glass-forming system's analytical model reveals three possible equilibrium scenarios, with only one showing strong glass-forming ability, and identifies an upper temperature limit beyond which the glassy state cannot be achieved.
6184h agoSymmetries are restored in disordered quantum systems when averaging over many realizations, allowing for efficient numerical simulations using a symmetric dynamical map.
6184h agoMachine learning techniques help optimize carbon nitride materials by predicting properties, reducing trial-and-error experiments, and speeding up discovery processes.
6184h agoThe joint distribution of two consecutive eigenphase spacings and their ratio for Haar-distributed matrices follows a specific pattern with a finite-size correction of $\mathcal{O}(N^{-4})$.
6184h agoThe Edwards-Anderson model shows chaotic properties in its ground state, and new research introduces a percolation-type argument to study the fractal properties of its Fourier spectrum.
6184h agoNeural network quantum states accurately compute the ground state of lattice gauge theories and identify topological phases and confinement phase transitions in these theories.
6184h agoA method for visualizing multipartite entanglement in pure stabilizer states organizes many-body correlations in a hierarchical structure, allowing extraction of quantitative features such as entanglement depth and entropy.
6184h agoDownscaling devices can increase the intrinsic carrier mobility of amorphous semiconductors by reducing localized band tail states, allowing for a 12 times increase in electron mobility in hydrogenated amorphous silicon.
6184h agoThe properties of ancestral sequences, particularly their epistatic constraints, influence the initial evolutionary dynamics and the performance of standard ancestral sequence reconstruction algorithms.
6184h agoQuasiparticle density increases with microwave power, especially in smaller resonator volumes, and this effect limits the sensitivity of kinetic inductance detectors.
6184h agoNon-stabilizerness thermalizes to its average value in generic quantum circuits where non-Clifford gates are interspersed with random Clifford operations.
6184h agoPsychedelics alter olfactory behaviors, decreasing search accuracy, changing movement, and increasing sniff rate in mice.
6184h agoHuman spatial memory and mouse hippocampal CA1 have similar representational geometries during environmental deformations, but with a difference in resistance to change.
6184h agoThe brain constructs subjective time through a mechanism where the rate of temporal flow is influenced by the amount of information being processed, with different neural systems handling objective and subjective time.
6188h agoThe brain extracts meaning from imperfect input by integrating information across space and time through localized cortical networks, producing stable concept-level representations.
6188h agoThe N-terminal domain of AMPA-type glutamate receptors interacts with 70 proteins, including four members of the IgLON family, to regulate synaptic targeting and plasticity.
6192h agoA dense cluster of neurons called DIMPLE in the brain shows a binary pattern of activity that differs between males and females.
6196h agoNeural activity in the inferior colliculus of awake mice can be strongly suppressed during notched noise stimulation and enhanced immediately after, with effects depending on notch center frequency, stimulus level, and notch width.
6196h agoFrontal cortex inhibition decreases and brain-muscle connectivity increases with increasing movement speeds during passive movements, and these effects differ between continuous and discontinuous movement types.
6196h agoThalamic regions in the brain support two distinct learning systems for associative threat learning: one for automatic survival and one for more deliberate learning.
6196h agoSensory modality affects how movements are prepared and controlled, with different senses influencing distinct phases of movement preparation and execution.
6196h agoThe functional organization of the brain is closely linked to its connectivity, with a robust relationship between brain activity and connectivity across all regions and cognitive tasks.
6196h agoLaminar-specific long-range excitatory projections across neural mass parcels give rise to both cooperation and competition in brain networks via cross-frequency envelope coupling.
6196h agoThe degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the brain causes Alzheimer's-like symptoms, including reduced REM sleep and cognitive and emotional changes, due to the loss of acetylcholine.
6196h agoThe accumulation of isoDGR in the brain cortex causes breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, leading to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.
6196h agoThe hippocampus and insula communicate when processing emotional memories, with specific sites in the insular cortex changing in a way that predicts later memory recall and responding to emotional content.
6200h agoMicroglia not associated with amyloid-beta plaques help control the growth of their population in response to amyloid deposition, and Csf1 signaling helps them transition to a state associated with the plaques.
6200h agoNeonatal gyrated brains have an elaborate subventricular zone called the Arc that supports cortical migratory streams of diverse interneurons.
6200h agoA new framework called SPINT enables brain-computer interfaces to decode behavior from neural activity across different recording sessions by dynamically adapting to changes in neural populations.
6208h agoTranscranial focused ultrasound offers a new way to safely stimulate the human brain with high spatial resolution, enabling breakthroughs in understanding conscious perception.
6208h agoDeep neural networks perform optimally when operating near a critical phase transition, poised between active and inactive dynamics, which improves their robustness and performance.
6208h agoAlzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia show different patterns of neural activity, with Alzheimer's disease being less coordinated and more random, and frontotemporal dementia being more coordinated.
6208h agoA novel biomarker derived from brain connectivity can predict the outcome of epilepsy surgery in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
6208h agoANNs models of the visual brain need rigorous testing and more low-level data to reproduce human behavior, and current models have varying degrees of success in mimicking human visual perception.
6208h agoNeuromodulators balance the stability and plasticity of learning systems by tuning the activity of layer-5 pyramidal neurons, which can switch between regular firing and bursting to control cortical activity.
6208h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
6208h agoNeural networks learn features by untangling task-relevant representational manifolds as they evolve throughout the learning process, revealing distinct learning stages and strategies.
6208h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
6208h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
6208h agoFaster switching of network links among system elements helps establish synchronized states in networked systems with sparse connectivity.
6208h agoFinite-dimensional systems describing invariant solutions of partial differential equations inherit local Hamiltonian operators through invariant reduction, which endows the reduced systems with Poisson bivectors that relate constants of motion to symmetries.
6208h agoA co-evolutionary model of social relationships and opinions reveals that bi-polarization is stable if the emergent game between conservative and liberal opinions has an internal Nash equilibrium.
6208h agoErgodic dynamics can be used to prepare quantum states with higher entanglement than generated by maximally scrambling circuits.
6208h agoThe Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, introduced in 1986, serves as a key model for understanding random growth, leading to numerous developments in mathematics and physics.
6208h agoThe dynamic scaling of the two-dimensional Ising model depends on the initial condition, with quenches from the ordered phase following Family-Vicsek scaling and quenches from the disordered phase showing anomalous roughening.
6208h agoPolarization switching in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers involves switching to a mode with lower unsaturated gain and the existence of elliptically polarized transition states.
6208h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
6208h agoStrong coupling leads to synchronization that results in Taylor's law with an exponent of 2 in coupled oscillator models.
6208h agoRecurrent neural networks estimate the optimal kernel vector from sparse observational time series, leading to nearly optimal estimations in state estimation of dynamical systems.
6208h agoInternal waves in a rotating two-layer fluid can evolve into bursts of large waves and shear currents from initial conditions with local defects in amplitude or periodicity.
6208h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
6208h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations, and derives governing equations that describe complex systems in physics and neuroscience.
6208h agoThe overdamped Josephson junction model has two new families of dynamical systems that can be described by Heun equations, and in one of these families, called dRSJ, phase-lock areas exist only for integer rotation number values but their constrictions break down.
6208h agoConsciousness in large language models emerges as a critical phenomenon when three control parameters - temperature, volume fraction, and stress - drive the systems toward a jamming surface where intelligence emerges.
6208h agoThe Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, introduced in 1986, serves as a key model for understanding random growth, leading to numerous developments in mathematics and physics.
6208h agoLithium thioborophosphate iodide glassy solid electrolytes have high room-temperature ionic conductivity due to the disruption of boron-sulfur chains by phosphorus-sulfur tetrahedra.
6208h agoA novel box-covering algorithm analyzes the fractal properties of complex networks by assigning nodes to boxes based on their nearest local hubs, reducing computational complexity and producing boxes of more similar sizes.
6208h agoMany-body localization in a 1D lattice with a slowly varying on-site potential has similar features to conventional many-body localization, and its transition shows universal scalings with a critical exponent of around 2.
6208h agoOntological Differentiation, a method measuring divergence between concepts, provides a new, definition-based metric of semantic similarity that is largely independent of existing metrics.
6208h agoA new model generates fractal complex networks that closely mirror real-world systems by combining features of reverse renormalization and evolving network models.
6208h agoDeep learning can recover topological Majorana zero modes in superconductor-semiconductor nanowires that are hidden by disorder.
6208h agoEpidemic outbreaks in complex networks follow two universal patterns of growth, a Gompertz-like curve in small-world networks and Avrami-type dynamics in fractal networks, which determine the spread of disease.
6208h agoPath signatures provide a new way to analyze complex systems, like brain activity, by revealing underlying structural connections and lead-lag relationships from observed time series data.
6208h agoCoupled neurons in multiple spatial dimensions exhibit complex dynamical regimes, including unsynchronized chaotic spiking, synchronized chaotic bursting, and local synchronization, which are shaped by dimensionality, connectivity, and heterogeneity.
6208h agoSMN deficiency leads to downregulation of KIF5A, impairing axon regeneration, and a potential new therapeutic approach for motor neuron diseases is targeting KIF5A independently of SMN.
6216h agoTau expression in glial cells disrupts the normal induction of specific heat shock proteins in response to heat stress, with sexually dimorphic expression patterns.
6216h agoFruit flies use aggression to secure food, territory, and mates, and a new imaging system can track and quantify their social behaviors with high accuracy.
6216h agoImpairing autophagy in a key part of the fly brain triggers a brain-wide remodeling that increases sleep, extends lifespan, and regulates synaptic plasticity to preserve circuit function.
6216h agoALS-linked FUS and SOD1 mutations upregulate MCM2 protein in human spinal motor neurons, suggesting a possible role in ALS pathogenesis.
6228h agoPeople who stutter show different brain activity patterns than fluent controls, with greater activity in areas including the right frontal pole and left planum temporale, and lower activity in areas including the left superior frontal sulcus and right anterior temporal lobe.
6228h agoParkinson's disease dopamine neurons have impaired energy production, relying more on glycolysis than normal cells, and also exhibit abnormal protein handling, oxidative stress, and reduced viability.
6228h agoGenetic variations in dopamine availability affect how efficiently people learn to rank items in order and make decisions based on that ranking.
6228h agoAge-related declines in brain network strength are associated with changes in specific cell types, including deep-layer excitatory neurons, oligodendrocytes, and parvalbumin-enriched chandelier cells.
6232h agoA multiplicative coupling mechanism between recurrent and feedforward neural networks enables rapid learning, boosts memory capacity and model robustness, and improves generalization.
6232h agoChronic ethanol exposure causes a loss of inhibitory synapses on fast-spiking interneurons in the brain, which facilitates increased alcohol drinking.
6244h agoSelective fluorescent probes enable direct visualization of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) activity in brain tissues, revealing robust MAGL activity in astrocytes and presynaptic terminals.
6244h agoCRES, a cysteine protease inhibitor, is produced by brain cells and is part of the brain's extracellular matrix, where it can form amyloid structures that may contribute to its structure and function.
6244h agoBeta-band oscillations occur between the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and primary visual cortex (V1) and are suppressed by visual stimulation, spatial attention, and behavioral arousal.
6244h agoLoss of FMRP in microglia reduces the density of parvalbumin neurons through impaired lysosomal function, and progranulin insufficiency contributes to this loss, which can be rescued by progranulin overexpression.
6244h agoRetinal waves play a crucial role in shaping the initial network interactions that support orientation tuning of modular responses in the visual cortex before eye opening.
6244h agoGermline heterozygous TCF4 loss-of-function does not affect the astrocyte lineage at the cell population level in models of Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.
6244h agoNorepinephrine activation of radial astrocytes helps animals detect threatening stimuli by changing how the optic tectum processes visual information, making it more responsive to looming stimuli.
6244h agoSomatosensory realignment and motor adaptation likely stem from distinct mechanisms, with somatosensory realignment showing limited coherence with the properties of force field adaptation.
6248h agoDomain-general brain networks play a critical role in the emergence of verbal intelligence during adolescence.
6252h agoLayer6 corticothalamic neurons provide stronger synaptic input to the core-type ventral subdivision than to the matrix-type dorsal subdivision of the auditory thalamus in normal hearing mice.
6252h agoThe brain maintains working memory representations of novel patterns with graded values through an unstructured network model with bistable dendrites that implement fast Hebbian plasticity.
6252h agoThe Translin/Trax RNase complex plays a crucial role in regulating brain function by processing small RNAs and controlling gene expression, and its inactivation leads to deficits in synaptic plasticity and spatial memory.
6252h agoLong-term APOE2 expression reverses cognitive decline, Aβ deposition, and glial activation in Alzheimer's disease mice, while short-term APOE2 expression worsens these conditions.
6252h agoA retinal projection viewfinder based on the Maxwellian view optical system effectively measures post-illumination pupil response by delivering constant and controlled light stimulation directly to the retina.
6252h agoThe organization of intracellular organelles, including the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, differs between cell types and within subcellular regions, and is finely tuned to meet specific functional demands along the axon.
6252h agoREVS, a low-cost platform, analyzes and visualizes rodent wheel running behavior, detecting detailed changes in locomotor function, including impairments and recovery patterns, in rodents with motor and sensory impairments.
6252h agoThe mammalian dentate gyrus uses different inhibitory circuits to control the activity of two types of cells, mossy cells and granule cells, which helps to distinguish between similar events and places.
6252h agoNeural populations can be activated sequentially with precise spike timing due to amplification via recurrent connections, and this process does not require inhibitory feedback.
6252h agoAlpha and theta brain wave dynamics change in response to different levels of risk and reward expectations during decision making.
6252h agoStimulus repetition leads to increased neuronal responses and decreased gamma synchronization when the stimulus is not predictive of reward, but these effects reverse when the stimulus is reward-predictive.
6252h agoPeople's decisions to exert cognitive effort depend more on their recent performance history than on the average reward rate they can expect to gain.
6252h agoScientists designed new peptides that mimic the action of a natural molecule to activate a receptor, which could lead to new treatments for diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
6256h agoThe study identifies 79 proteins involved in RNA processing, metabolism, and stress responses that are associated with ALS-related MetaAggregates, which are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
6256h agoA distinct population of neurons in the motor cortex projects to the same side of the cerebellum and plays a key role in controlling and coordinating same-side limb movements.
6256h agoNeural posterior estimation accurately estimates tissue microstructure parameters from diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession data, even with low signal-to-noise ratios and non-Gaussian noise.
6256h agoMethyl gallate improves brain function in a post-stroke depression model by restoring neurogenesis through the PI3K and AMPK pathways.
6256h agoZebrafish approach behavior is guided by both spatial and temporal information from conspecifics, and is preceded by distinct brain-wide neural activity patterns that predict and facilitate social interaction.
6256h agoThe sleep spindle circuit behaves as a single-frequency self-sustained oscillator when driven by the somatosensory cortex, and its synchronization is governed by frequency locking.
6256h agoEnsemble models with multiple independently trained parts provide higher performance and more informative uncertainty estimates in classifying brain conditions from EEG data.
6256h agoElevated nuclear Lamin B1 disrupts essential signaling pathways in neurons, causing nuclear deformation and cellular dysfunction in childhood-onset DYT1 dystonia.
6256h agoThe release of noradrenaline enables the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus to transform synaptic inputs into sparse and decorrelated activity patterns of its principal neurons, facilitating memory formation.
6256h agoFeedforward and feedback cortico-cortical neurons receive most of their long-distance inputs from the primary visual cortex, but differ in input patterns from specific visual, retrosplenial, and auditory cortices.
6256h agoCortical high gamma activity mainly comes from summed postsynaptic potentials triggered by synchronous firing of neurons spread across a wide area, not from local spikes near the recording electrode.
6256h agoA new automatic spike sorting pipeline helps accurately isolate single neurons from human brain recordings by removing noise, detecting spikes, and evaluating cluster quality, supporting clinical and cognitive neuroscience applications.
6256h agoA pipeline using convolutional neural networks enables high-throughput, unbiased analysis of immunohistological data in mouse brains, identifying brain regions and detecting markers of neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and alpha-synuclein aggregation in minutes.
6268h agoGPR17 plays a minor role in myelin regeneration and its pharmacological modulation has a limited effect on oligodendrocyte precursor maturation and myelination.
6268h agoA neural code conversion method aligns brain activity across individuals without shared stimuli by using deep neural network-derived features to match stimulus content.
6272h agoFedProt enables privacy-preserving, federated differential protein abundance analysis across institutions, matching centralized analysis results.
6272h agoA neural code conversion method using deep neural networks aligns brain data across individuals without shared stimuli, enabling accurate brain decoding and visual image reconstruction.
6272h agoThe infant brain's gray and white matter myelination develop in a correlated way, and this relationship is influenced by birth age, postnatal experience, and predicts motor outcomes in early childhood.
6276h agoAstrocytes in the adult brain use the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) to regulate circuit function and behavior, particularly in the hippocampus.
6276h agoFine-tuning language models with bilingual brain data improves their understanding of multiple languages, allowing them to outperform standard models in brain encoding and most natural language processing tasks.
6276h agoMice with a cerebellum-specific dystonia model have impaired vocalizations, including reduced calls, altered sound characteristics, and disrupted vocal burst initiation, mirroring abnormalities seen in human patients with laryngeal dystonia.
6276h agoPost-traumatic stress disorder arises from maladaptive brain responses to traumatic learning, characterized by abnormal processing of uncertainty and altered threat perception.
6276h agoAstrocyte modulation through higher-order interactions stabilizes circuit dynamics and expands the parameter space that supports stimulus-driven activity in simple recurrent neural circuits.
6280h agoBrain stimulation can be made more accurate by taking into account the brain's current state and adjusting the stimulation accordingly.
6280h agoA hybrid approach combining plasmonic nanomaterials and machine learning enables high-precision detection and differentiation of biomolecules, such as neurotransmitters, with great sensitivity and specificity.
6280h agoCombining statistical physics and control theory provides a unified framework for identifying optimal learning protocols in neural networks that minimize generalization error.
6280h agoBASIC, a new evaluation framework, measures brain visual decoding methods by assessing structural fidelity, inferential alignment, and contextual coherence between decoded and actual images.
6280h agoNeuroscience lacks a unified framework for understanding representation, but a proposed framework offers a core set of conceptual dimensions to characterize representations, describing relations between neural responses, represented features, and downstream effects.
6280h agoPlace cells emerge in networks trained to remember continuous sensory episodes, and their firing fields reproduce key aspects of hippocampal phenomenology, including remapping, orthogonality, and representational drift.
6280h agoA new algorithm that embeds brain functional networks into hyperbolic space improves the accuracy of diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by effectively addressing data heterogeneity across different sites.
6280h agoThe Ikeda map in its conservative limit exhibits shearless barriers that emerge, persist, and break up as control parameters change, and its dynamics can be interpreted as a composition of rotation and translation of the state vector.
6280h agoTwo continuum models accurately approximate the nonlinear dynamics of granular crystal lattices, including solitary waves, periodic waves, and dispersive shock waves.
6280h agoA four-wings complex structure in phase space arises from a chaotic dynamical system through intersections of Hamiltonian functions, producing an attractor with specific conditions on system parameters.
6280h agoBrain hubs play a key role in transferring activity between brain parts through synchronisation processes, which are linked to cluster synchronisation processes and influenced by the network's topology and edge weights.
6280h agoThe Frobenius potentials of genus zero Hurwitz--Frobenius manifolds stabilize and define an infinite system of commuting PDEs, which is equivalent to the genus zero Whitham hierarchy.
6280h agoA magnetic structure with a shape memory spring and a non-ideal motor shows fractal behavior in its basins of attraction and has chaotic and periodic regions for energy harvesting.
6280h agoRecurrence quantification analysis detects atypical dynamical behaviour in non-linear Hamiltonian systems, identifying initial conditions that evolve into highly recurrent chaotic orbits, which can give rise to transient high-energy states.
6280h agoMachine learning predicts extreme events in chaotic time series with over 80% success rate, up to 3 steps before the event occurs, by classifying system states using convolutional neural networks.
6280h agoKerr solitons in pair waveforms interact with each other through a force that is either purely repulsive or alternates between attraction and repulsion, depending on the decay of soliton tails.
6280h agoA bi-level optimal control framework solves the low-thrust re-phasing problem on quasi-periodic invariant tori in multi-body environments by generating feasible trajectories on the torus surface.
6280h agoPhase-frustrated higher-order interactions in a system of coupled phase oscillators with two communities can lead to oscillatory or chaotic synchronization behavior, multistability of solutions, and fixed point solutions.
6280h agoA geometric method finds travelling wave solutions to the generalized Korteweg--de Vries equation by reducing it to an ordinary differential equation and applying a stepwise integration algorithm.
6280h agoTwo types of chaos, confined and deconfined, occur in weakly perturbed integrable many-body systems, differing in the timescales of chaos and thermalization.
6280h agoThe overdamped Josephson junction model has been extended to two new families of dynamical systems on torus, which reveal that phase-lock areas maintain rotation number quantization but lose constrictions.
6280h agoMixtures of multicomponent systems are structurally more complex than the sum of their parts, often infinitely more complex.
6280h agoA Legendre transform generates a resolvent surface that serves as the classical basis for semiclassical representations of the resolvent operator in double phase space.
6280h agoA new framework determines equilibrium distributions and dispersion relations in strongly nonlinear many-body systems, capturing intrinsic nonlinear effects and outperforming existing approaches.
6280h agoNew concepts and proposals leverage non-linear beam dynamics to improve control and manipulation of charged particle beams in circular accelerators.
6280h agoA dimensionless parameter causes the evolution of supersaturation in Ostwald ripening processes to be unstable.
6280h agoThe degree distribution in non-growing networks formed through rewiring algorithms can be modeled using kinetic Boltzmann-type models that capture the emergence of degree distributions in both preferential attachment and random networks.
6280h agoNoise acts as a control that steers stochastic systems along their most probable trajectories, allowing Nature to constantly sample control strategies.
6280h agoVariational Neural Annealing can identify near-optimal solutions for portfolio optimization problems with over 2,000 assets, comparable to state-of-the-art optimizers but with faster convergence.
6280h agoA novel criterion detects the top eigenvalue in systems with a localized top eigenvector by exploiting the constraints of cavity equations.
6280h agoThe Probabilistic Approximate Optimization Algorithm (PAOA) enables fast sampling on Ising machines and probabilistic computers by iteratively modifying network couplings, and outperforms QAOA and simulated annealing on solving large spin-glass problems.
6280h agoUniversal spin models can approximate any probability distribution, and this property leads to new proofs of universal approximation theorems for machine learning models such as Boltzmann machines and deep belief networks.
6280h agoA network of p-bits can generate samples from a probability distribution with numerous possibilities, similar to a network of qubits, by using a repeated elementary operation that can also be used in generative AI to replace standard digital neurons.
6280h agoThe spin glass can coexist with long- and short-range orders, and its formation is linked to individual spins at domain walls between spin clusters.
6280h agoCombining statistical physics and control theory provides a unified framework for identifying optimal learning protocols in neural networks that minimize generalization error.
6280h agoSimplicial complexes grown from a single vertex show rapid growth in the number of simplices, have power law degree distributions, and infinite spectral and Hausdorff dimensions.
6280h agoQuantum optical neural networks can process information beyond classical limits, and their performance depends on a complex interplay of factors including nonlinearity, reservoir size, and input mode occupation.
6280h agoAstrocyte modulation through higher-order interactions stabilizes circuit dynamics and expands the parameter space that supports stimulus-driven activity in simple recurrent neural circuits.
6280h agoA single growing lengthscale controls glassy dynamics, and a structural correlation length derived from a coarse-grained order parameter exhibits clear growth with cooling, closely tracking the dynamical lengthscale.
6280h agoGeometric frustration in a lattice leads to a collective quantum order where local frustration centers bind singlets and share a delocalized hole, allowing for control of spin order and net magnetization.
6280h agoThe Pseudoperiodic Spherical Boundary Condition eliminates structural and dynamic anisotropy in simulations, providing a more efficient and isotropic alternative to Periodic Boundary Conditions.
6280h agoThe effective central charge decreases under renormalization group flow in a 2D conformal field theory perturbed by a replica interaction.
6280h agoGraph neural networks' performance improves with more convolutional steps, but their architecture must scale accordingly to avoid oversmoothing and reach near-optimal accuracy.
6280h agoA new protocol uses imperfect feedback signals to learn driving forces and control non-equilibrium dynamical systems, allowing for locally convergent and biologically plausible control of both conservative and non-conservative systems.
6280h agoNear-ground states in spherical spin glasses have marginal stability that equals full replica symmetry breaking at zero temperature near overlap 1.
6280h agoThe 3D ±J XY spin-glass model analysis yields highly precise critical temperatures and exponents that support the spin chirality decoupling picture.
6280h agoSMN protein deficiency causes lysosomal dysfunction, which contributes to motor neuron degeneration in spinal muscular atrophy, and boosting TFEB can help alleviate this problem.
6280h agoThe brain uses two distinct mechanisms to divide continuous experience into separate events: one triggered by prediction error and the other by prediction uncertainty, which are associated with unique patterns of neural activity in different brain regions.
6280h agoRats exposed to valproic acid, a model of autism spectrum disorder, display heightened stress reactivity, habituation deficit, and disrupted coordination of fear responses.
6280h agoJuvenile female mice with Fragile X Syndrome exhibit EEG changes similar to those of FXS patients, including increased gamma power and reduced alpha power.
6280h agoA three-factor learning rule in a neural network model enables the computation of mismatch between sensory stimuli and their expectations, explaining how the brain distinguishes between self-produced and external sensory inputs.
6280h agoHippocampal neuronal ensembles support spatial learning by encoding and updating memories, and beta-adrenergic receptors play a role in this process by influencing neuronal and network-level dynamics.
6280h agoAccurate decoding of neural signals is possible with as few as 16 electrodes, even for complex naturalistic stimuli.
6280h agoMosquitoes use high-pass filters in their hearing system to suppress low-frequency noise, with males showing stronger noise suppression than females, allowing them to maintain high auditory sensitivity in noisy environments.
6280h agoThe human brain's functional systems, including sensory, motor, and cognitive networks, work together to perform tasks and operate at rest, and a novel method can objectively identify these networks across the entire brain for both active and resting states.
6280h agoPurkinje cells have a tonic current mediated by GABAA receptors that accounts for roughly half of the total inhibitory current and can compensate for loss in phasic inhibition.
6280h agoThe brain uses similar networks for making decisions about immediate and delayed rewards, but the network involved in imagining future outcomes plays a key role in explaining why people make similar choices when waiting for seconds or postponing for days.
6280h agoMeaningful objects do not increase working memory capacity, but rather, their apparent advantage in memory performance is due to reduced proactive interference from long-term memory.
6280h agoAAV2-derived capsids developed using the BRAVE approach have enhanced retrograde transport properties, enabling broader coverage of connected brain regions, and potentially higher specificity, transduction efficacy, and safety for gene therapy in the central nervous system.
6280h agoMidbrain dopamine neurons have distinct roles in movement and motor learning, with CALB1+ neurons mainly controlling movement initiation and amplitude, and CALB1- neurons controlling motor learning and being more vulnerable to inflammation.
6280h agoCortical areas in the brain are individually specific and largely established shortly after birth.
6280h agoThe brain uses a dual-route mechanism to integrate prior expectations with sensory input by weighting predictions by their precision, where the insula enhances top-down predictions in visual cortex and dampens bottom-up sensory input via the pulvinar.
6284h agoParkinson's disease patients show changes in brain wave patterns, including higher alpha-band power, slower alpha peak frequency, and increased cortical inhibition, compared to healthy controls.
6284h agoRenewal of learned behaviors after extinction learning depends on the hippocampus using a context-based learning strategy and global remapping of place cells.
6284h agoObservers' ability to empathize with others' pain is not diminished when interacting through live video, even when the interaction feels less immediate.
6284h agoNeurons with multiple bistable dendritic compartments enable working memory to robustly maintain both the graded intensity and spatial location of a stored item.
6284h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances motor system responsiveness during active movement, with increased pupil diameter and corticospinal excitability.
6284h agoA canonical recurrent neural circuit unifies Langevin and Hamiltonian sampling to infer dynamic latent states, and modulating certain neurons can switch sampling algorithms and adjust the circuit's internal processing speed.
6288h agoBackward movement in animals triggers negative emotions and engages neuronal mechanisms that help them learn to avoid punishment and maintain this avoidance behaviour.
6292h agoA negative relationship between nodal strength and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations exists within brain modules, and this relationship strengthens with age as local inhibitory network mechanisms mature.
6296h agoTDP-43 loss from the nucleus leads to hundreds of cryptic splicing events in neuronal genes, which are normally hidden by nonsense-mediated decay.
6300h agoImproving benchmarking metrics is crucial for machine learning progress, and this study enhances error consistency (EC) by introducing confidence intervals and a new model that provides guidance on required trials for conclusive experiments.
6304h agoA new framework called SEA-DBS offers a practical and effective way to control adaptive deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease, improving sample efficiency, exploration robustness, and compatibility with limited hardware resources.
6304h agoGradient descent in recurrent neural networks can be broken down into two key operators that help understand how the networks learn and generalize.
6304h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
6304h agoAdaptive network dynamical systems evolve on a low-dimensional subset of possible connectivity under constraints on network adaptation.
6304h agoThe diffusion coefficient in a time-dependent oval-shaped billiard initially remains constant but then decays, suppressing unlimited growth of velocity, and this behavior follows scaling laws with specific critical exponents.
6304h agoDriver behavior, delay responses, and proximity pressure cause standing oscillations on a circular track, which can be modeled using coupled delay differential equations and analyzed to identify critical thresholds for safe following distances.
6304h agoThe Lyapunov exponent in a weakly chaotic system is completely suppressed when a hole is introduced, which means a generalisation of the escape rate formalism to these systems does not exist.
6304h agoA deep learning framework combining neural operators with denoising diffusion probabilistic models accurately reconstructs high-resolution ocean states from sparse Lagrangian observations.
6304h agoCongestion on roads recovers slowly because connected congested roads hinder the process, leading to multistability and hysteresis in urban traffic dynamics.
6304h agoA novel Adaptive Physics-Informed Neural Network-based Observer (PINN-Obs) accurately estimates states in nonlinear systems by integrating system dynamics and sensor data into a physics-informed learning process.
6304h agoThe conformal-map method does not work for solving relativistic neutrino billiards because it fails to provide solutions to the associated Weyl equation and meet boundary conditions.
6304h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
6304h agoLife-like network automata provide a strong theoretical foundation for modelling complex systems, and they can solve the firing squad synchronisation problem with over 90% success rate.
6304h agoThe addition of polymers to a turbulent flow modifies its dynamics, resulting in a multiscaling energy spectrum and altered fluid non-linear cascade, due to the interplay between fluid inertia and polymer elasticity.
6304h agoThe study examines how symmetries affect entanglement in a coupled top system, with and without nonlinear torsion, and classifies the system into different symmetry classes based on its properties.
6304h agoInhomogeneous parameters are not required for integrability in certain qubit circuits, as all homogeneous nearest-neighbor qubit circuits with a U(1) symmetry are integrable.
6304h agoResponse theory provides formulas to predict how a system's properties change with a perturbation, and these formulas can be applied to complex systems using data-driven methods.
6304h agoEvolving modes with shorter wavelengths in a nonlinear chain makes the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou paradox more striking, and a simple technique can predict which modes are excited and spread energy at different speeds.
6304h agoThe study introduces a matrix linear difference equation to give conjectural formulas for k-point functions of Gromov-Witten invariants of orbifold complex projective lines with two added orbifold points.
6304h agoRandom measurements and random noise have the same effect on linear observables of a quantum particle, but nonlinear observables can distinguish between them.
6304h agoThis monograph describes a generic concept for detecting an environment's qualities and measurable properties, using organic semiconductors to embed new functionalities in consumer electronics.
6304h agoThe Anderson model in one dimension yields an explicit linear integral equation that determines the density-of-states for arbitrary on-site potentials using supersymmetry-based techniques.
6304h agoHydrogen tungsten bronzes (HxWO3) exhibit proton conductivity exceeding 10^-1 S/cm at 275°C, making them a promising proton-conducting mixed ionic-electronic conductor for intermediate-temperature electrochemical applications.
6304h agoAlgebraically localized eigenstates exist within the continuum spectrum of 2D non-Hermitian systems with a single impurity, decaying as 1/|r| from the impurity site.
6304h agoA special class of multi-species spin glass models has a free energy lower bound that matches the free energy of a single-species model with a specific parameter.
6304h agoDisorder in the arrangement of subwavelength resonators leads to wave localisation through different mechanisms, which can be understood using tools such as the capacitance matrix formalism and propagation matrix approach.
6304h agoRandom measurements cause a freely moving quantum particle to undergo superdiffusion, conventional diffusion in a magnetic field, and break localization in a random potential, leading to diffusion.
6304h agoOscillator Ising Machines are a promising platform for fast and energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, achieving around 97% test accuracy on MNIST and 88% on Fashion-MNIST with robust performance under realistic hardware constraints.
6304h agoMultiple clusters of Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev systems exhibit linear-in-N entanglement in the stationary regime when monitored and coupled by a unitary evolution.
6304h agoPrincipal component analysis effectively captures polarized distributions within high-dimensional binary state spaces, enabling the assessment of asymptotic distributions and error bounds.
6304h agoTransformers can learn and predict pseudo-random number sequences from linear congruential generators, even when the sequence parameters and moduli are unseen, by developing algorithmic structures and utilizing techniques such as factorization and digit-wise number representations.
6304h agoThe transformer density operator ansatz determines the steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems by encoding the amplitude and phase of the state's coefficients with attention mechanisms that capture long-range correlations.
6304h agoThe 3D $\pm J$ XY spin-glass model shows consistent critical temperatures and exponents that support the spin chirality decoupling picture.
6304h agoMeasurement-induced entanglement phase transitions occur when local measurements drive quantum systems between area-law and volume-law entangled states.
6304h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibits robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
6304h agoClosed-loop learning of models from self-generated data converges to biased outcomes, but can be prevented by using a single data point from a ground truth model, maximum a posteriori estimation, or regularization.
6304h agoLarge language models replicate 73 to 81 percent of psychological experiment results, but show bigger effects and struggle with socially sensitive topics.
6320h agoOlder adults show declines in sensorimotor control, including slower movements, reduced peak forces, and prolonged reaction times, which can be objectively measured using robot-based tasks.
6320h agoScientists can now record single-neuron activity in the human brain, which provides a unique view of how information is encoded and retrieved at the cellular level. (or alternatively, here is another possible summary) A novel experimental framework allows for real-time analysis of single cell data and dynamic sampling of stimuli, enabling efficient identification of neuronal responses.
6320h agoA new algorithm called Cross-Subject DD (CSDD) enables brain-computer interfaces to work across different people by extracting common features from their brain activity, improving performance by 3.28% over existing methods.
6328h agoThe Thousand Brains Theory proposes that every cortical column in the neocortex is a sensorimotor learning system that can learn and recognize objects, and that the hierarchical connections between regions are used to learn the compositional structure of objects.
6328h agoA microscopic model of perception shows that an organism's internal evaluation of vital norms gives rise to a macroscopic perceptual state through interactions on a lattice.
6328h agoA new device called optically-generated Bessel beam ultrasound (OBUS) enables precise and controlled stimulation of small brain sub-regions without surgery.
6328h agoStructural connectivity helps shape functional connectivity in the brain by following a set of rules that involve direct and indirect pathways and network interactions.
6328h agoGraph Neural Networks suffer from over-smoothing as their depth increases, causing node representations to lose distinctiveness due to homogenization of node features through multiple layers of message passing.
6328h agoNeural systems with the same effective behavior can be abstracted by their ideal representative, or archetype, which is defined by its asymptotic dynamical structure.
6328h agoHumans leverage experience from one task to learn solutions to other tasks they did not pursue, through a process called Multitask Preplay, which enables fast and adaptive task performance.
6328h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new EEG-to-text generation framework, enables the decoding of brain signals into Chinese sentences without prior training on the specific sentences.
6328h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) successfully reproduce chaotic behavior in the Bekki-Nozaki equation, mitigating error accumulation by solving partial differential equations without discretizing the computational domain.
6328h agoNonlocality in a medium with a special refractive index affects Thouless pumping of optical solitons, allowing high-power solitons to demonstrate stable quantized transport while low-power solitons do not.
6328h agoMachine learning models built with simple and deterministic rules outperform standard models in reconstructing chaotic attractors, achieving up to 41% reduction in error.
6328h agoThe AKNS system direct and inverse scattering problems are solved through new representations of Jost solutions as power series, allowing for simple and efficient numerical computation.
6328h agoThe multi-wave exact resonance condition becomes dynamically invalid as energy equalization between counter-propagating waves of identical frequency disrupts it, and nonlinearity-mediated multi-wave quasi-resonances drive the system toward thermalization.
6328h agoThe poles of certain rational solutions of the fifth Painlev\'e equation fill a well-defined region bounded by analytic arcs when the degree of the polynomial tau function tends to infinity.
6328h agoA universal measure called Average Action Efficiency (AAE) quantifies how self-organizing systems convert noisy motion into efficient structure.
6328h agoPlastic slip plays a crucial role in the transformation mechanism of a square-to-triangular structural transition, with lattice invariant shears driving the change through a hidden alternating slip distribution.
6328h agoCollective intelligence in human social settings is improved by the cognitive tool of Theory of Mind, and AIs with this ability may enhance collective intelligence in similar ways.
6328h agoThe double kicked top model reveals a transition from time-reversal symmetric to broken time-reversal symmetric dynamics, with one parameter driving a stronger growth of chaos and another a weaker growth.
6328h agoA bit-flip operation remains robust against thermal and quantum noise when induced by a controlled defect in a periodic drive in certain classical and quantum systems.
6328h agoThe modified Camassa-Holm equation's solution in transition regions can be approximated by the Painlev\'{e} II equation.
6328h agoCertain types of bracket-generating distributions lead to new classes of Lie systems with compatible geometric structures, specifically allowing symmetry reductions and solution reconstruction for systems like the $n$-trailer system when $n = 0$ or $n = 1$.
6328h agoAtomistic simulations and topological analysis reveal subtle topological transitions in the medium-range structure of oxide glass, providing new insights into its structure.
6328h agoOntological Differentiation measures semantic distance between concepts by analyzing definitional overlap, and reveals that paths generated by Semantic Navigation are more coherent with dictionary definitions than shortest paths.
6328h agoMaximizing pseudo-likelihood enables a network to function as an associative memory and to generalize from training data by developing meaningful attractors with correlations to test examples.
6328h agoComplex-valued neural networks intrinsically generate fermionic quantum fields when equipped with tensor-valued weights, bridging a gap between neural networks and fermionic quantum field theory.
6328h agoAdaptive importance sampling reduces the computational cost of Variational Monte Carlo methods for training neural-network quantum states by targeting the gradient estimator and improving the efficiency of variational optimizations.
6328h agoAn adaptive variation-resilient Random Number Generator produces unbiased encryption-grade random number streams from physically driven entropy sources, mitigating the impact of process and supply voltage variations.
6328h agoSpontaneous symmetry breaking enables collective order, but its nature is constrained in finite-dimensional systems by the compatibility between order and microscopic lattice symmetries.
6328h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
6328h agoTLSs' dipole moments likely follow a power law distribution, which explains the anomalous absorption of energy by these systems in superconducting Josephson junction qubits.
6328h agoThe Parisi formula for the limiting free energy of multi-species spherical spin glasses with mixed p-spin interactions is proven, combining Guerra-style interpolation, cavity method, and synchronization technique.
6328h agoThe optimal overlap measure for multi-species spherical spin glasses changes from a point mass at high temperatures to a more rigid structure at low temperatures, and replica symmetry breaking in one species implies replica symmetry breaking in other species that share a quadratic interaction.
6328h agoMott's law explains how electrons hop in disordered solids at low temperatures, and researchers derive this law rigorously for two effective models, determining a previously unknown constant in the process.
6328h agoTopology and disorder interplay in quantum dynamics causes a reentrant transition from a trivial phase to a topological phase and back to a trivial phase in photonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices.
6328h agoLiving in areas with socioeconomic disadvantage is linked to brain changes that may lead to dementia, and this link is partly due to factors such as high blood pressure and inflammation.
6332h agoGnRH, a hormone essential for vertebrate reproduction, is present in water and regulates zebrafish reproduction when received through the olfactory organs, and its absence leads to infertility.
6336h agoIntersectin-1 and endophilin A1 condensates hold replacement synaptic vesicles close to release sites, allowing them to be immediately available for use and preventing synaptic depression during stimulation trains.
6340h agoVentral telencephalic progenitors retain the ability to generate diverse neuron types during neurogenesis because their maturation is controlled by developmental timing.
6340h agoPredicting the effects of mutations on antibody-antigen binding requires large amounts of data for accurate and robust prediction.
6344h agoDepression is linked to reduced gray matter volume and cortical surface area in the frontal cortex, anterior cingulate, and insula, and surprisingly, also in somatomotor and visual regions.
6344h agoReward following memory retrieval helps later boosts memory Repeated whileassistant, here I simplified a bit more: Reward after memory retrieval boosts later memory.
6344h agoPsychedelics have complex effects on neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission, transmission and network oscillations.
6344h agoDopamine levels in the striatum change rapidly during time perception and this change helps people learn to accurately judge intervals of time when they expect a reward.
6344h agoPeople with Autism Spectrum Disorder have impaired neural entrainment and reduced behavioral modulation by temporal structure, which affects their flexibility responses in<|header_start|> uncertain sensory environments.
6344h agoChildren with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) have impaired development of frontal brain areas, which affects their language abilities and requires greater cognitive effort to process sounds and patterns.
6344h agoNeuromodulators help balance stability and flexibility in learning systems by adjusting the activity of specific brain cells, allowing them to switch between regular firing and bursting modes.
6352h agoThe primary motor cortex serves as a model for transcranial magnetic stimulation targets, and researchers developed a digital-twin-style population model to simulate motor evoked potentials and facilitate the testing of brain stimulation methods.
6352h agoInformation flow between brain regions during various stimuli is studied using Information Theory tools, enabling detection of linear and non-linear dynamics and discovery of connections between brain regions.
6352h agoA novel architecture called LILITH combines modular language models with brain-inspired communication protocols to understand the emergence of consciousness by modeling multiple brain regions and their chemical signaling.
6352h agoHomeostatically Regulated Reinforcement Learning (HRRL) framework describes how biological agents optimize internal states through learned predictiveive control strategies, producing behaviors such as risk aversion, anticipatory regulation, and adaptive movement.
6352h agoPatients who gain vision later in life show different visual development patterns than typical individuals, and a comparison of their performance with a computer model reveals key differences that can inform the development of more human-like visual processing systems.
6352h agoAfrican traditional medicine offers a valuable resource for developing novel antidepressant treatments that address limitations of conventional therapies.
6352h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations.
6352h agoQuick Feedforward Learning enables efficient transfer of knowledge into model weights through feedforward activations without gradient backpropagation.
6352h agoA novel approach derives low-dimensional laws for the dynamics of moments of membrane potential distribution in spiking neurons, relating moments and population firing rates through a recursive and nonlinear relation.
6352h agoRecurrent neural networks can learn phase code solutions to solve simple tasks through task optimization alone, and they also use a variety of other distinct dynamics and mechanisms to solve the same tasks.
6352h agoA new statistical framework analyses brain dynamics and links them to behavioural, physiological, and other non-imaging variables, and an open-source Python package provides tools for researchers to use.
6352h agoA cellular automaton can have two phase transitions, being ergodic at low noise rates, non-ergodic at moderate rates, and ergodic again at high rates close to 1.
6352h agoA novel four-stage synchronized piecewise linear chaotic map mitigates degradation in digital chaotic systems, producing sequences with superior statistical properties that pass all NIST tests.
6352h agoThe study constructs self-adaptive moving mesh schemes to solve modified short pulse and short pulse equations, and uses these schemes to generate multi-soliton solutions and evaluate their effectiveness.
6352h agoThe Lax pairs of noncommutative discrete potential Korteweg-de Vries and Hirota's KdV equations lead to differential-difference equations that serve as generalised symmetries.
6352h agoA particle-based framework simulates the dynamics of coupled phase oscillators, revealing the emergence of spatially localized synchronization clusters due to local interactions.
6352h agoBreather gases form in optics through a nonlinear fission process and show spatiotemporal dynamics that match numerical simulations.
6352h agoChaotic properties exist in economic systems, and a mathematical model of three differential equations reveals a link between unemployment, inflation, and exchange rate, with exchange rate having an impact on unemployment and inflation.
6352h agoA machine-learning-based approach accurately estimates the positive Lyapunov exponent, a measure of chaotic behavior, from short one-dimensional time series data.
6352h agoThe Lorenz-84 attractor has a 3D structure organized around a period-2 cavity, with a multidirectional stretching mechanism generating chaos.
6352h agoAdvances in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations and enabling it to reach its goals.
6352h agoTopological gravity with arbitrary Dyson index β (β-topological gravity) interpolates between orientable and unorientable manifolds in gravitational path integral, and its correlation functions exhibit structural properties with implications on moduli space volumes.
6352h agoThe geometry-gauge interplay in Bose-Einstein condensates leads to a correspondence between vortices and gauge field topology, and governs the structure of the ground-state vortex lattice through a universal logarithmic interaction.
6352h agoA novel approach introduces an infinite family of $N$-dimensional quasi-maximally superintegrable quantum systems with reflections, which share the same set of $2N-3$ quantum integrals.
6352h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Hyperparametric solitons emerge in a silicon-nitride microresonator-based nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator system, enabling low-noise frequency combs at wavelengths far from the pump source.
6352h agoThe PEM-UDE method extracts interpretable mathematical expressions from chaotic dynamical systems, even with limited or noisy observations.
6352h agoA modeling framework helps understand how individual preferences influence group behavior in binary-choice dynamics, bridging gaps between existing models.
6352h agoQuantum fluctuations cause the "melting" of limit tori, a classical phenomenon of quasiperiodic motion, in open quantum systems, leading to a continuous dynamical phase transition.
6352h agoAdapting filter weights along a low-dimensional manifold improves the filtered-X LMS method for active noise control.
6352h agoNoise can prevent population collapse by reversing a tipping point towards extinction, and act as a stabilizing force in complex systems.
6352h agoLings cities mass grows with populationulation but not at the a same. Here is the corrected and refomatted summary: City mass grows with population, but at a slower rate.
6352h agoPunishment policies that adapt to the level of cooperation in a group can eliminate defectors more efficiently than uniform punishment policies.
6352h agoScientists use algorithmic information theory to infer the starting value of a series in chaotic dynamical systems,
6352h agoA new method based on dynamic network inference identifies leadership patterns in collective behavior using time-lagged correlations across multiple variables, outperforming traditional approaches in scenarios with limited data.
6352h agoComputer algebra facilitates derivation of thin film reduced-order models, specifically the weighted residual integral boundary layer method, by breaking down complex calculations into manageable steps.
6352h agoDynamical systems help analyze machine learning algorithms by re-formulating challenges in deep neural networks, stochastic gradient descent, and related topics into dynamic statements.
6352h agoFrustrated random interactions cause chaotic dynamics in the Kuramoto model with quenched random couplings, and frequency entrainment does not occur in the thermodynamic limit.
6352h agoA regularized continuum model approximates a discrete granular crystal model through a partial differential equation, and its solutions and conservation laws match theoretical predictions and numerical simulations.
6352h agoThe theory of inverse scattering transform establishes the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with local and nonlocal nonlinearities under non-zero boundary conditions, leading to N-soliton solutions and describing soliton interactions.
6352h agoNeural models struggle to capture responses to external changes in climate modeling, even when they accurately reproduce steady-state statistics.
6352h agoMore data hurts the performance of deep neural networks in data-driven models of dynamical systems, causing instability that can be mitigated by proper regularization.
6352h agoExceptional periodic classical trajectories in chaotic many-body systems are Lyapunov-stable on many-body energy shells, and their instabilities lead to a transient non-ergodic regime, which is also connected to the existence of quantum many-body scars.
6352h agoSchrödinger-Hill operators with finite-band spectra relate to solutions of the Neumann system and certain KdV equation solutions.
6352h agoThe rational Q-system solves Bethe equations for spin-s XXX chains with twisted and open boundary conditions, revealing hidden symmetries and magnetic strings under specific boundary parameters.
6352h agoThe double kicked top model shows a transition from time-reversal symmetric to broken time-reversal symmetric dynamics, with transformed parameters driving different growth rates of chaos and entanglement.
6352h agoThe Jordan-Chevalley decomposition for an operator field can be solved in small dimensions using tensorial conditions.
6352h agoThe BPS Skyrme model is generalized for simple compact Lie groups, leading to Hermitian symmetric spaces with a Skyrme field and matrix fields that can have infinite exact self-dual solutions.
6352h agoConics with tangency points or non-smooth areas have necessary and sufficient conditions for an n-gon to be inscribed in one and circumscribed around the other.
6352h agoA generalization of the False Vacuum Skyrme model modelures global Hermitian to symmetric simple groups that leads to spaces where field configurations form spherically symmetric topological charges.
6352h agoA novel approach reconstructs likely routes of climate-induced displacements by analyzing statistical properties of a diffusion process on a spatial network, and finds that individuals fleeing high-risk areas are likely to encounter mainly droughts and conflicts.
6352h agoA unified framework projects and analyzes dynamical systems using local conservation laws, enabling the study of collective behavior in diverse systems, including circuits, biological networks, and particle swarms.
6352h agoThe Ashkin-Teller spin glass has two different spin-glass phases with distinct topologies in its phase diagram, depending on the four-spin interaction value.
6352h agoQuantum entanglement in disordered magnets has a universal logarithmic correction due to subsystem corners, and this correction depends on the shape of the subsystem in a way that differs between various types of phase transitions.
6352h agoNon-Hermitian and quasiperiodic coupled systems exhibit a novel localization phenomenon called "Anderson-Skin dualism", where localized Anderson modes transform into skin modes under certain conditions.
6352h agoA diffusion model generates amorphous structures, such as glass, up to 1000 times faster than conventional simulations, recoveringing their short- and medium-range order and macroscopic properties.
6352h agoThe spin glass phase stays stable against quantum fluctuations in a two-dimensional frustrated quantum Heisenberg model with bond disorder.
6352h agoFrustrated random interactions cause chaotic dynamics in the Kuramoto model with quenched random couplings, and frequency entrainment does not occur in the thermodynamic limit.
6352h agoLocalization remains stable under weak interactions, with corrections to noninteracting local integrals of motion converging for a significant fraction of them, and charge transport capacity remaining bounded.
6352h agoThe AFLOW4 toolkit calculates optical and electronic properties of disordered materials and improves research on high-entropy materials with new features.
6352h agoA Kauzmann transition occurs at a temperature that vanishes in the thermodynamic limit, where a dense liquid transforms into an ideal glass state with a complex energy landscape.
6352h agoTopological defects in the displacement vector field carry plasticity in amorphous media, enabling the prediction of plastic flow and mechanical response.
6352h agoBinary oxide glasses can exhibit different compression behavior than their crystalline counterparts. However, here is a rewritten version with the requested improvements: Glassy $GeO_{2}$ has a flexible atomic structure that can transition among different configurations under high pressure. But an even better and more accurate version would be: Glassy $GeO_{2}$ exhibits a compression behavior with considerable flexibility in its atomic structure up to 158 GPa. <|header_start|> -assistant< end Hereassistant<|header_end|> Here is the final rewritten response Glassy $GeO_{2}$ exhibits a compression behavior with considerable flexibility in its atomic structure up to 158 GPa.
6352h agoConformable derivatives have aphysical physical basis grounded inin microscopic microscopic principles, linking disorder statistics, transport coefficients, and relaxation time spectra to emergent power-law memory kernels.
6352h agoA new approach uses plastic strain accumulation to predict deformation and yield in disordered solids, like metallic glasses, reducing complexity and improving interpretability.
6352h agoInfinitely wide neural networks use a theory of transfer learning where feature learning regimes in pretraining and downstream tasks interact through adapted feature kernels and elastic weight coupling.
6352h agoCollapsed trades in international trade spread like infectious diseases and are less likely to occur in large-volume trades,
6352h agoHyperuniform structures have fluctuations that disappear on long length scales, making them appear homogeneous, and some of these structures, called stealthy-hyperuniform, can prevent wave scattering.
6352h agoBond dissipation can cause localization in a one-dimensional homogeneous system, and the initial system's localization characteristics influence the steady state's localization properties.
6352h agoEnergy diffusion in spin chains with random local fields is faster at weak fields but similar to spin diffusion at strong fields.
6352h agoA new statistical mechanics ensemble characterizes connected solutions in constraint satisfaction problems, identifying a cluster of delocalized connected solutions in the symmetric binary perceptron model that remains stable until a critical threshold.
6352h agoThe energy landscape of jammed soft spheres has a complex geometry with many minima, and standard numerical methods fail to accurately capture its structure.
6352h agoLocalization occurs in a translationally-invariant lattice gauge theory without disorder in one and two dimensions, where perturbations fail to diffuse.
6352h agoCommunity structures can be detected in networks with higher-order interactions using a new formalism called hypermodularity and spectral methods.
6352h agoThe relaxation dynamics of the Kitaev honeycomb model under a thermal quench is dominated by quasi-stochastic diffusion and pair annihilation of visons, mediated by Majorana fermions.
6352h agoInertial dynamics can cause power law distributed acoustic emissions in martensites under quasistatic deformation.
6352h agoScrambling quantum systems make effective substrates for temporal information processing, with their scalability and memory retention properties deteriorating as the problem size increases, unless a large enough reservoir is used.
6352h agoA semi-supervised machine learning approach using acoustic features from brief speech samples can diagnose Alzheimer's Disease.
6356h agoFructose consumption causes anxiety.
6360h agoDecoding dialogue happens over time.
6360h agoEnhancers directly target specific genes to regulate their expression.
6360h agoThe amblyopic eye has impaired letter acuity that can't be explained by its ability to detect simple patterns, and this deficit is linked to abnormal processing in the visual cortex.
6360h agoTDP-43 dysregulation causes toxic effects in motor neurons, leading to impaired motor function, motor neuron loss, and muscle atrophy.
6364h agoPsilocybin does not have lasting pain-relieving effects in mice with chronic pain syndromes. to Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice. The original sentence was already short and simple. I changed "may have not" to "does not have" and "these putativeative benefits derive" was changed to a direct statement. The main idea is now directly stated and the sentence is now more concise and uses simple words.<|header_start|>assistant<|header_end|> The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. Some clinical and preclinical data suggest these putative benefits derive from direct analgesic effects. However, this possibility has not been comprehensively tested in preclinical models. Here, we show that psilocybin is not analgesic over a range of doses across multipleourgiche pain assays and models of acute and chronic inflammatory, neuropathic,,@ or musculoskeletal pain in mice. Here is a simple to read single sentence: Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice. The sentence was concise, The active voice was used. The main findings or ideas were reported directly.<|header_start|><|header_start|>assistant<|header_end|> The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. was not used . Here is a single sentence: Psilocybin does not relieve pain in mice with chronic pain.
6364h agoAdolescents with major depressive disorder have altered neural timescales in certain brain regions, which relate to clinical symptoms, suicidality, childhood trauma, and changes in brain chemistry and function.
6368h agoThe brain determines the syntactic category of phrases, such as noun and verb phrases, by constructing hierarchical structures from word sequences during language comprehension.
6368h agoA man with paralysis and severe speech difficulties used a brain-computer interface for nearly two years to communicate with others, control his computer, and work full-time, decoding over 1.9 million words with 99% accuracy.
6368h agoPrecision RSFC is feasible and reliable in individuals with Parkinson's disease, producing reliable brain network measures that show individual differences, including in key motor systems.
6368h agoLong-term meditation increases information flow from posterior to frontal brain regions and across frontal regions of both hemispheres, supporting enhanced attention and cognitive control.
6368h agoEducation level affects how age-related changes in brain activity relate to cognitive performance, with higher education mitigating declines in brain activity and predicting better cognitive outcomes in older adults.
6368h agoThe medial prefrontal cortex becomes less critical and the dorsolateral striatum facilitates automated processing as working memory tasks become automated through repetition.
6376h agoHigher body-mass index people have more difficulty ignoring high-calorie food cues even when they are full, which may contribute to overeating.
6376h agoThe acquisition and updating of spatial representations recruits distinct populations of CA1 neurons, with distal CA1 involved in both acquiring original spatial information and updating it, while proximal CA1 is only involved in acquiring the original information.
6376h agoMutations in three genes disrupt synapse formation and maturation by affecting postsynaptic receptor assembly, cargo trafficking, and synapse structural organization.
6376h agoInhibiting the protein Clarinet/CLA-1 improves axon regeneration and allows injured axons to regain function by promoting the trafficking of repair-related cargo.
6376h agoTheta waves in the brain modulate perception and bouts of 5-Hz oscillations in the visual cortex are accompanied by similar oscillations in another brain area, and these oscillations can be increased by a psychotropic drug, leading to a strengthening of top-down control of perception.
6376h agoRepeating an object improves its identification and reduces brain activity, and is linked to changes in brain wave power and synchronization in specific brain regions.
6376h agoRepeated musical themes reactivate memories in the brain and improve recall of past events.
6376h agoDuring sleep, the brain processes sensory information differently, retaining some aspects while modifying others, such as changing the way it evaluates odors, making it more likely to respond to potential dangers.
6376h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical organoids survive and mature in the post-stroke brain, but their viability declines within the first 10 days after transplantation.
6376h agoNeurodegenerative disease starts with a dynamic rewiring of protein interaction networks, which drives pathology, and is marked by changes in protein complexes that can be detected early in the disease.
6376h agoThe calsyntenin protein CASY-1 regulates swarming behavior in C. elegans by modulating neuropeptide signaling in sensory neurons.
6376h agoEpendymal cilia are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis, and their disruption can lead to periventricular pathology and behavioural deficits.
6376h agoThe perturbational complexity index (PCI) reflects the brain's response to sensory-driven perturbations, changing with stimulus intensity, peripheral sensitisation, and probabilistic manipulations.
6376h agoListeners allocate attention during language processing by predicting when important information will occur, and alpha neural activity predicts depth of processing and memory for new information.
6376h agoEccentric aerobic exercise increases primary motor cortex excitability to a similar extent as concentric exercise, but with lower cardiovascular response, less muscle pain, and lower perceived effort.
6376h agoRealistic cortical connectivity generates a high level of macroscopic traveling waves in the mouse cortex, and their emergence depends on both network connectivity and coupling strength between neurons.
6400h agoThe analysis of sleep architecture needs improvement because current methods often use arbitrary time intervals and ignore the interdependencies among sleep phases.
6400h agoNighttime light exposure causes behavioral and neurobiological problems in mice with a neurodevelopmental disorder by disrupting their circadian rhythms, not just by exposing them to light.
6400h agoThe basolateral amygdala complex, lateral amygdala, and piriform cortex encode different features of social interactions, including individual recognition, familiarity detection, and reward association.
6400h agoeCF506 inhibits morphine tolerance by reducing beta-arrestin2 recruitment, which prolongs opioid pain relief.
6400h agoDCS-positive regions in IDH-mutant gliomas show greater speech-related neural activity and can be distinguished from DCS-negative regions using resting-state classifiers.
6400h agoPERK-B allows certain mRNA translation events, including the transcription factor DLX1, which contributes to tau pathology in cells, flies, and human brain, increasing the risk for tauopathies like progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
6404h agoThe canonical cortical circuit implements natural gradient Bayesian sampling to compute stimulus posteriors, using nonlinear circuit dynamics that can adaptively adjust sampling step size based on local geometry of stimulus posteriors.
6428h agoChronic pain and negative emotions often occur together, and changes in the brain's reward and mood centers contribute to this condition.
6428h agoA new framework enables massively parallel simulations of simplified dendrite models with customizable subcellular dynamics, allowing researchers to study how dendritic processes shape learning.
6428h agoThe posterior parietal cortex facilitates adaptive learning by sending parallel projections to the auditory cortex and inferior colliculus, which enables rapid behavioral adaptation by coordinating flexible rule updating and stable motor execution.
6428h agoA machine learning approach can accurately distinguish EEG responses to real transcranial magnetic stimulation from responses to sham stimulation, even after just a few trials.
6428h agoTMC1 and TMC2 proteins are cholesterol-regulated lipid scramblases that facilitate phospholipid translocation across cell membranes, and their dysfunction contributes to genetic hearing loss.
6428h agoTasks evoke different brain network organization and relationships with executive function ability than the resting state, and executive function ability is related to different aspects of brain network organization during tasks and rest.
6428h agoA neural mechanism underlying paradoxical kinesia in Parkinson's disease is uncovered, linking stress-induced sensory processing with motor control systems through a direct pathway that bypasses typical inhibitory controls.
6428h agoThe enteric nervous system in zebrafish can fully regenerate neurons and recover gut function after chemical-genetic ablation, with different neuron subtypes showing varying degrees of recovery.
6428h agoBilateral spread of seizures is not required for impaired consciousness during mesial temporal lobe seizures, and changes in brain wave activity in certain areas can predict impaired consciousness with high accuracy.
6428h agoThe laterodorsal tegmentum's cholinergic projections to the nucleus accumbens play a critical role in modulating cocaine-related behaviors and undergo adaptations with cocaine exposure.
6428h agoDefining cluster boundaries effectively improves spike sorting by allowing more accurate assignment of neuronal action potentials to individual neurons.
6428h agoThe electrobulbogram (EBG) method can reliably measure the human olfactory bulb's activity even with simplified setups, and yields strongest signals when using subject-specific scans and electrode positions.
6428h agoReinforcement feedback about individual trials helps people optimize their movement planning under risk, enabling them to make goal-directed movements with the least endpoint deviation from optimality.
6428h agoBrain networks operating at different frequencies change with age during active memory tasks, with younger adults showing stronger peaks at certain frequencies during tasks and older adults showing the opposite pattern.
6428h agoThe N-Interval Fourier Transform Analysis method separates target signals from background activity and predicts signal-to-noise ratio improvement with sweep count based on three key factors: evoked-to-background ratio, sweep cycle and response window duration, and sweep count.
6428h agoA transformer neural network model decodes specific memories from neuronal activity in the human brain, predicting memory retrieval of concepts such as persons or places.
6428h agoInattention makes people think they see things more clearly than they actually do, and this mismatch between appearance and reality can occur across a wide range of visual tasks.
6428h agoAuditory cues that enter the space immediately surrounding the body influence motor planning, with sounds that are closer to the body or have emotional content causing delayed and less precise motor responses.
6428h agoA new image model called 7T Conditional Diffusion Model improves image quality from short scans by 29.1% in accuracy, 5.8% in signal-to-noise ratio, and 9.4% in structural similarity, enabling faster scanning for patients with neurodegenerative disorders.
6428h agoHypermyelination driven by increased cholesterol biosynthesis enhances neuronal firing in the hippocampus but disrupts network communication in the cortex.
6428h agoThe pain reduction phenomenon of offset analgesia is not caused by specific types of peripheral nerve fibers, but rather by central mechanisms related to attention and cognitive resources.
6428h agoIncreased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are linked to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and may serve as a blood biomarker for the condition.
6428h agoAlpha-synuclein fibrils bind to a candidate ligand, EX-6, in a specific way that favors multiple system atrophy (MSA) over Parkinson's disease, offering a potential path for developing a PET imaging probe for MSA.
6428h agoThe processing of visual information in the correct order is fundamental to visual cognition, and misbinding of item features, such as location, and their ordinal position primarily causes errors in visuospatial working memory.
6428h agoNKCC1 regulates the fate of stem cells in the hippocampus by controlling self-renewal and neurogenesis through Sox11.
6428h agoCatch-up saccades help people track moving objects smoothly, and they usually go unnoticed, but people have a limited ability to control them and are not aware of making them.
6428h agoNeuronal maturity, time of day, and response to environmental stimuli affect the number of cells stained by the Golgi-Cox method, which can be reliably reproduced under controlled environments.
6428h agoLocomotion modulates sensory systems to maintain an accurate and efficient sensory code across behavioral states by anticipating changes in stimulus statistics caused by movement.
6428h agoHigh frequency electrical stimulation entrains fast spiking interneurons in a brain-region specific way and bidirectionally modulates their temporal processing of synaptic inputs.
6428h agoCaMKII binding to GluN2B generates phosphatase-resistant activity that helps create long-term potentiation, a type of synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory.
6432h agoGene therapy with AAV9/SLC13A5 restores normal brain function and reduces seizures in mice with SLC13A5 citrate transporter disorder.
6432h agoThe brain's blood supply depends on neural activity and differs across brain regions and arousal levels, with two opposing neural populations having distinct relationships to blood supply.
6432h agoHigher cognitive load impairs movement initiation and inhibition, with easier numerical comparisons leading to faster and more accurate responses.
6432h agoTaste processing is a function of the loop between the amygdala and the gustatory cortex, where neurons that both influence and receive influence from each other are most strongly involved in processing taste.
6432h agoNeurons with unsegregated synapses are spread throughout the whole brain and have a strong influence on functional connectivity.
6432h agoAttention enhances and inattention suppresses the brain's visual cortical responses to competing inputs, according to a study using frequency-tagged fMRI.
6432h agoEach type of meditation produces distinct changes in brain connectivity, with Focused Attention Meditation reducing sensory inputs, Open Monitoring Meditation increasing top-down modulation, and Loving Kindness Meditation promoting inter-hemispheric symmetry and emotional balance.
6432h agoMicroglia influence retinal ganglion cell growth and maturation, and their activation in inflammatory conditions contributes to cell degeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for optic neuropathies.
6432h agoBrain aging involves loss of inhibitory cells, NMDA receptors, and spines that impairs cortical function, reduces spike rates, and alters EEG signals.
6432h agoTau pathology appears early in the olfactory system of PS19 mice, with aberrantly hyperphosphorylated tau detected at 1.5 months and tau pretangles at 6 months, and gene expression changes, including the upregulation of Gbp2b, occur in a region- and age-specific manner.
6432h agoXBP1s expression preserves retinal function during aging and Alzheimer's disease-related pathology by maintaining higher complexity levels and functional integrity.
6432h agoAnodal so-tDCS improves memory consolidation by enhancing interactions between the cortex and thalamus during non-rapid eye movement sleep, while cathodal so-tDCS has no effect.
6432h agoStimulus contrast does not change attention-driven attraction towards the attended location, supporting attention field models over Bayesian interpretation.
6432h agoTargeting PDGFRA-driven Cre-recombinase expressing human glial progenitor cells with capsid-modified adeno-associated viruses enables efficient brain-wide delivery of<|header_start|><|header_start|>assistant< Here is a rewritten single sentence summary: Targeting PDGFRA-driven cells with modified viruses enables efficient brain-wide delivery of human glial cells with minimal off-target infection.
6432h agoALS progression involves V1 inhibitory interneuron dysregulation, which disrupts flexor-extensor coordination and contributes to selective vulnerability of flexor motoneurons, and the timing of synaptic stabilization interventions determines their effectiveness in rescuing motor output.
6432h agoChildren learning math in a second language have lower math performance and higher cognitive demands in certain brain areas than those learning in their first language.
6432h agoVisuospatial neglect after a stroke is linked to disrupted alpha brain oscillations and imbalance between the two brain hemispheres, which predicts attention deficits.
6432h agoNeuromuscular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease starts with changes in the sciatic nerve's proteins, and exercise or donepezil treatment can delay this dysfunction.
6432h agoA new Bayesian model that uses the human brain's functional structure accurately estimates brain activity sources and reduces incorrect predictions in noninvasive brain activity measurements.
6432h agoExcitatory neurons from the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus (LPGi) in the medulla make direct synaptic contacts onto lumbar spinal Shox2 interneurons, providing a possible link for the initiation of locomotion.
6432h agoThe neural processes involved in meter perception are driven by top-down attention that modulates anticipation of the meter structure, which in turn induces neural entrainment.
6432h agoA new molecule called 1D9-LIRΔTP53INP2 reduces tau levels and improves motor function in tauopathy models by clearing tau protein through the autophagy-lysosomal pathway.
6432h agoMachine learning analysis of EEG data reveals a time window and specific frequency range where brain activity related to facial sex processing can be decoded, differing between familiar and less familiar faces.
6432h agoNew methods, latenZy and latenZy2, estimate the onset of neural spiking responses and detect when spiking activity diverges between conditions without requiring arbitrary parameter choices, offering more precise, robust, sensitive, and powerful analysis of neural recordings.
6432h agoThe intrinsic dimension of neural activity manifolds can be reliably measured using a robust method called the full correlation integral (FCI) method, which provides a versatile tool for analyzing neural geometry.
6432h agoMicroglia drive neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease through the CASPASE-1/GSDMD pathway, leading to dopaminergic neuron degeneration and motor impairment.
6432h agoAnimals balance the energy cost of searching for food with the energy benefit of exploiting it, and a simple neural circuit helps them decide when to leave a food source to search for better options.
6432h agoCerebellar lesions impair the generation of temporal predictions in cross-modal stimulus processing, affecting the brain's ability to anticipate and process sensory events in a timely manner.
6432h agoObesogenic diets impair memory function through the brain's endocannabinoid system, specifically by overactivating type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) in the hippocampus, leading to impaired memory consolidation.
6432h agoThalamic connectivity and cortical plasticity develop together in humans.
6440h agoExcitatory neurons in different layers of the visual cortex encode visual and non-visual signals differently, with layer 2/3 neurons responding more to visual stimuli and layer 5 neurons responding more to movement.
6440h agoSex differences in gene expression in the human brain are highly patterned across cortical regions, cell types, and genes, with over 3,000 unique genes showing sex-biased expression.
6440h agoTransposon-based induction with Ascl1/Dlx2 yields pure GABAergic neurons that gain a proteomic profile of cortical interneuron subtypes and display typical GABAergic synaptic properties.
6440h agoRimonabant treatment changes the way genes are spliced in the brain cells of mice with Fragile X syndrome, which may help explain its beneficial effects.
6440h agoCalb1+ and Aldh1a1+ nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons regulate movement and motor learning, with Calb1+ neurons also modulating reward-based learning.
6440h agoThe medial ganglionic eminence gives rise to cortical interneurons that regulate cortical excitability, and a new protocol generates these cells from human stem cells in a reliable and large-scale way.
6440h agoDown syndrome causes widespread changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the brain, affecting metabolic and synaptic pathways, brain cell development, and leading to neuroinflammation.
6440h agoThe frontal cortex matures slowly, with neurons called IT-type undergoing more remodeling of their connections during adolescence than PT-type neurons, and immune cells called microglia may play a role in this process.
6440h agoAI models that perform better develop representations similar to those ofused in the human brain, even if they are not designed to mimic it.
6448h agoRecursive AI designs do not guarantee consciousness or moral status, despite their ability to model themselves functionally.
6448h agoAnimals maintain both grid and place representations in their brains to support planning, with place cells helping recall goal locations and grid cells enabling path forecasting to the goal.
6448h agoLarge language models can decode animal behavior from brain-wide neural activity when pre-trained on natural language data.
6448h agoThe proposed pairwise time-delayed transfer entropy method accurately infers the structural connectivity of complex networks by establishing a direct relationship between node coupling strengths and transfer entropy values.
6448h agoA new framework combines change point detection and time-delayed correlation coefficient methods to accurately reconstruct brain networks that undergo changes in structure and connectivity.
6448h agoConsciousness exists as a continuous, non-monotonic function across a high-dimensional neurochemical space, regulated by dopamine and modulated by serotonin.
6448h agoAI models trained on huge data sets lack the ability to continuously adapt to changing environments, unlike animals that rapidly adjust to new situations.
6448h agoCategory theory provides a formal basis for a theory of consciousness, showing that the six axiomatic properties of conscious states in Information Integration Theory follow from a universal mapping property.
6448h agoCortical cell types have distinct computational roles and cortical connectivity follows a few canonical blueprints, which are foundational principles for building models of cortical circuits.
6448h agoMild Cognitive Impairment patients have reduced adaptability in neural efficiency, processing speed, and task accuracy, which can be measured by alpha band coherence and global efficiency.
6448h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces like spheroids reveal that the dynamics of localized patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
6448h agoThe Average Action Efficiency (AAE) metric measures how well self-organizing systems convert noisy motion into efficient structure.
6448h agoA model proposes that quantum turbulence develops from the decay of vortex loops with an internal structure.
6448h agoA unified framework for analyzing dynamical systems uses generalized projection operators to decompose network fluxes and potentials, enabling the study of collective behavior in diverse systems, including circuits, biological networks, and particle swarms.
6448h agoHigher-order networks can capture group effects more directly than pairwise models by formalizing various types of group interactions, and a typology can classify models of group interactions based on individual and group perspectives.
6448h agoA new approach enables parallel computing to study non-linear dynamics in large networks of coupled oscillators using a variety of computing resources, without requiring users to have parallel programming skills.
6448h agoA Miura transformation links the generalized super modified Korteweg-de Vries equation to the generalized super KdV equation, revealing relationships between several super KdV and modified KdV equations.
6448h agoA method to construct high-order polynomial approximate invariants for non-integrable Hamiltonian dynamical systems uses iterative calculations to minimize fluctuations and enlarge stable regions of long-term motions.
6448h agoNeural field equations on curved surfaces like spheroids reveal that the dynamics of localized patterns, or spot solutions, depend on the surface geometry and neural interactions.
6448h agoTreeDOX, a tree-based approach, forecasts the temporal evolution of chaotic systems without needing hyperparameter tuning.
6448h agoExclusion statistics and interactions in one-dimensional fluids favor the formation of defects and reduce ground-state fidelities and echo amplitudes when the fluid is driven through a gapless point.
6448h agoThe evolution of two-point correlation functions in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model shows strong superdiffusion at early times, followed by a crossover to normal diffusion, with the final state depending on the level of nonintegrability.
6448h agoA discontinuous percolation transition emerges in a bipartite network when nodes rewire their links to suppress the growth of neighboring clusters, forming a single macroscopic cluster that contains a finite fraction of nodes.
6448h agoVector Hopfield networks shrink their retrieval phase and lose critical capacity as spin dimension increases, but gain ability to denoise corrupted inputs up to large capacities.
6448h agoThe temperature dependences of enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy coincide in the supercooled liquid range for three metallic alloys, anding the evolution from liquid-like to crystal-like structural order.
6448h agoDisorder acts as insulation, preventingting edge localisation for small imaginary gauge potentials in one-dimensional disordered block subwavelength resonator systems with nonreciprocal damping.
6448h agoThe quantum Mpemba effect shows that initially hotter quantum systems can cool faster than colder ones, and this phenomenon is connected to symmetry breaking and restoration in closed quantum many-body systems.
6448h agoThe Aharanov-Bohm conductance oscillations and perfectly transmitted mode persist in amorphous topological nanowires at low energies and moderate amorphicity.
6448h agoThermal avalanches in amorphous solids have a complex structure, with fast localized cascades linked by slow, long-range facilitation.
6448h agoStatistical mechanics provides techniques to solve inverse problems by inferring model parameters from available data, using methods such as Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Pseudo-Likelihood, and Mean-Field approaches.
6448h agoLight irradiation improves the spin thermoelectric performance of ferromagnetic helical systems by inducing spin-split transmission features and suppressing thermal conductance.
6448h agoThe eigenstates of a chaotic system encode the full spatiotemporal anatomy of quantum chaos, including the butterfly effect and information lightcone, through statistical correlations among sets of eigenstates.
6448h agoThe reentrant localization transition in a one-dimensional system results from the interplay between a periodic potential and a quasi-periodic potential, and is driven by the modulation of mirror symmetry by the periodic phase factor.
6448h agoDelocalization in quantum systems can occur through a new mechanism involving the imaginary part of velocity, allowing for collective physical properties like correlation and entanglement to remain delocalized even when single-particle eigenstates are localized.
6448h agoMachine learning models fail when data distributions at test time differ from those during training.
6448h agoPtbp1 is dispensable for retinal development and its proposed role as a central repressor of neurogenesis needs reevaluation.
6448h agoAxoMetric software rapidly and accurately quantifies regenerated axons in nerve tissue sections, enabling comparison of treatment efficacy and identification of effective therapies.
6448h agoPiccolo regulates astrocyte secretion of extracellular matrix components, which is essential for proper synapse formation and neuronal network activity.
6448h agoAttentional switching between two competing speech streams involves asymmetric disengagement and engagement processes, where neural tracking of the new target stream emerges before disengaging from the previous target.
6448h agoMotor skill learning through practice and through transfer or generalization share similar neural representations in the sensorimotor cortex, but have distinct, mechanism-dependent codes.
6448h agoThe Bayesian causal inference framework effectively explains how past, present, and future sensory inputs are integrated to influence perception in the audiovisual rabbit illusion.
6448h agoBrain activity varies across different ages, with changes in low-frequency fluctuations and synchrony dynamics from childhood to older adulthood.
6448h agoRamping activity in prefrontal and striatal neurons estimates time, rather than anticipating reward or regulating movements.
6448h agoPrior information enhances sensory processing and decision-making in healthy individuals, but individuals with psychosis rely more on pre-existing biases and show diminished sensory gain.
6448h agoAnimals maintain both grid and place cell representations to support planning, with place cells helping recall goal locations from sensory cues and grid cells enabling planning of paths to those locations.
6448h agoMultiparametric MRI detects structural and biochemical changes in the spinal cord as early as one week after a dorsal nerve root injury.
6448h agoReward processing and social cognition rely on neural functions in the brain that are similar across cultures.
6448h agoLoss of Golf protein in certain brain cells disrupts motor behavior and responses to drugs, with different effects seen when Golf is lost in cells expressing D1 or A2A receptors.
6448h agoMoMo, a novel visualization framework, enables interactive analysis of neuron morphology-aware motifs in large connectome graphs, integrating neuronal morphology and synaptic connectivity.
6448h agoNeural trajectories, created by the selective co-activation and timing of firing rates across neural populations, improve motor precision by providing information about the phase and amplitude of movement over time.
6448h agoCRTC1 interacts with other transcription factors, including MEF2C and RFX3, to regulate activity-dependent transcription in neurons.
6448h agoHigh-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) detects stronger inter-brain synchrony and more brain regions involved in social interactions than traditional fNIRS, especially during complex collaborative tasks.
6448h agoIncreased labile iron and lipid peroxidation, particularly of DHA, occur after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and correlate with cell death, but are later reduced by microglial/macrophage iron sequestration and neuronal antioxidant responses.
6448h agoThe brain compares sensory input with internal predictions to enable stable and accurate perception, and a comprehensive map of cell types and synaptic connections in the electrosensory lobe of weakly electric fish reveals how this process works.
6448h agoThe brain rapidly integrates artificial body extensions into its somatosensory representation through three distinct phases of plasticity as people wear and use the extensions.
6448h agoTimothy Syndrome causes changes in calcium channels in neurons, leading to altered neural activity and morphology, and associated with autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
6448h agoThirst motivates water seeking behavior, which is regulated by the NPF neuropeptide and its receptor NPFR, acting through specific neurons, including the L1-l neuron, to promote goal-oriented behavior in flies.
6448h agoThe timing of brain waves helps form memories, and pre-stimulus alpha power affects how well brain stimulation works to improve memory formation.
6448h agoInter-brain synchronization studies are often misled by differences in peak brain frequencies between individuals, but using amplitude envelope correlation provides more reliable connectivity estimates.
6448h agoThe clearance of amyloid-beta from the brain depends on receptor-mediated transport across the blood-brain barrier, and is affected by receptor number ratios and blood clearance rates.
6448h agoMisfolded alpha-synuclein accumulates and dopaminergic neurons are lost in Parkinson's disease, and patient-derived microglia can drive alpha-synuclein pathology in a new model of the disease.
6448h agoThe auditory system uses distinct spatial patterns of neural activity to represent the presence and termination of sound, but hearing loss disrupts this process, leading to abnormal sound processing.
6448h agoIntracerebroventricular delivery of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 achieves high and consistent levels of motor neuron transduction with minimal off-target effects.
6448h agoReaching performance toward targets is more precise with proprioceptive information, and combining auditory and proprioceptive information does not improve precision beyond proprioception alone.
6448h agoThe reverse end-to-side nerve transfer is less effective when done in a chronic nerve injury model compared to acute repair.
6448h agoThe BASP1/BASP1-AS1 axis regulates the balance between proliferation and neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma cells by integrating Wnt and Notch pathways.
6468h agoGrey matter loss in the hippocampus changes its functional connections with other brain areas during aging, particularly with the precuneus, cuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex.
6472h agoMild Cognitive Impairment patients have reduced adaptability in neural efficiency, processing speed, and task accuracy compared to healthy controls, which can be detected through alpha band coherence and global efficiency measures.
6472h agoSGD training causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and data to learn the same representations, up to a rotation, a phenomenon known as Perfectly Platonic.
6472h agoAI and neuroscience are continuing to grow together, with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases since the 1990s.
6472h agoA new framework uses nonlinear control theory and deep learning to understand how subsystems, such as brain areas, interact and control each other in complex biological systems.
6472h agoNeural correlations, including signal and noise correlations, play a critical role in sensory information coding, and large noise correlations are beneficial for coding even when aligned with signal correlations.
6472h agoMetacognitive experiences in artificial agents boost system performance and explainability, but a lack of standardization and inconsistent evaluations hinder progress.
6472h agoThe arcuate fasciculus in macaques and humans has different organization and connectivity, with the human version showing greater expansion into the middle temporal gyrus and stronger prefrontal and parietal operculum connectivity.
6472h agoThe solitons' local wave profile at the collision point scales as the sinc(x) function when their velocities are well separated and amplitudes are equal or randomly varied.
6472h agoThe transition to synchronization in adaptive multilayer networks with higher-order interactions depends on adaptation exponents, coupling strengths, and phase lag parameter, and can occur through continuous, tiered, or explosive transitions.
6472h agoNonreciprocally coupled fields are governed by dynamic models with zero, one, or two conservation laws, which can be derived from microscopic Ising models using the mean-field approximation.
6472h agoDark solitons in a curved Bose-Einstein condensate travel along a nearly constant angular trajectory, determined by the local curvature profile, and their dynamics remain predictable unless they cross areas of rapid curvature change.
6472h agoThe nonlinear dynamics of a broad-area vertical cavity surface-emitting laser involves competition between polarization modes with different transverse profiles, leading to additional bifurcations and routes to chaos.
6472h agoThe self-focusing of wave packets leads to a finite-time collapse of the solution, which can be formally regularized by a special solution related to the Painlev\'e-III equation.
6472h agoCosmological Frequency Combs, a new class of time-periodic attractor solutions, arise in scalar field cosmology and induce modulations in observables like the Hubble parameter and growth rate.
6472h agoWall-mode convection is a multiscale phenomenon where the dynamics of the bulk interior determine the small-scale dynamics within boundary layers at the sidewalls.
6472h agoNon-trivial topology protects chaotic dynamics within a lattice of nonlinear oscillators, allowing robust and enduring periodic behavior even in the presence of chaos.
6472h agoA soliton gas condensate forms as the number of solitons in a multi-soliton solution of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation grows to infinity.
6472h agoDynamically encoding an unknown frequency in a nonlinear quantum electromagnetic field improves frequency estimation by using quantum scrambling to spread local quantum information.
6472h agoTissue-scale spatial structure can make tumours more resilient to immunotherapy, and increased effector cell mobility can even increase this resilience.
6472h agoSimple chemical reaction mechanisms can implement optimal decision-making strategies, with a single rate constant tuning the system between always-staying and always-switching.
6472h agoThe physical action of random graphs follows a normal distribution as the graph becomes denser.
6472h agoThe unwrapped Wilson line method efficiently computes the bulk topological invariant in multiband systems, accurately capturing all topological edge states, including those overlooked by traditional invariants.
6472h agoMachine learning models, specifically Swin Transformers, can accurately predict crystal orientation maps from scanning transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns, enabling automated analysis of internal microstructures at the nanoscale.
6472h agoSGD training causes two deep linear networks with different sizes and data to learn the same representations, up to a rotation, a phenomenon known as Perfectly Platonic.
6472h agoWavefront shaping enhances optical sensitivity in diffuse optical imaging by creating interference patterns that boost light-matter interactions, allowing for deeper tissue penetration.
6472h agoA new optimization algorithm enables training deep neural networks with up to $10^6$ parameters to compute the ground state of interacting quantum matter, yielding improved variational energies and evidence for gapless quantum-spin-liquid phases in frustrated spin models.
6472h agoIncreasing kinetic terms in metallic systems with strong disorder unexpectedly reduces mobility, enhances localization, and can lead to re-entrant delocalization transitions.
6472h agoNeural networks with a large number of of hidden units but few compared to input data have a theory that predicts their performance on simple tasks.
6472h agoThe RS-BCS theory reveals that a Cooper-pair-glass state may exist in dirty superconductors when regions with opposite signs of interaction exist and the net interaction between electrons is close to zero.
6472h agoRadiant field theory calculates the distribution of transmission eigenvalues for coherent wave propagation in disordered media, capturing both quasiballistic and diffusive regimes.
6472h agoA new field-theoretic framework characterizes the distribution of transmission eigenvalues for wave propagation through disordered media, producing a transport equation that captures coherent effects and remains valid beyond the diffusive regime.
6472h agoThe measurement-induced phase transition in Clifford circuits is controlled by a classical percolation transition.
6472h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on coupled disordered transmons protects the qubit subspace from leakage excitations and effectively removes them through feedback-measurement or dissipation.
6472h agoTinnitus is linked to a dysfunction in the arousal system, which leads to lower levels of alertness and sustained attention abilities.
6476h agoParental exposure to intermittent hypoxia reduces the risk of ischemic stroke in offspring by passing on a neuroprotective effect through molecular adaptations in key pathways involved in survival and stress response.
6476h agoThe dimension of the brain's structural connectome influences its functionality and dynamic properties, varying across local and global scales, and relates to cognitive performance in both healthy and damaged brains.
6484h agoTransgenic mouse models help advance research on human neurodegenerative diseases by allowing precise study of brain and tissue changes, and specific protocols for extracting and dissecting neurological tissues improve the accuracy and reproducibility of research results.
6484h agoDrinking sparkling water helps reduce cognitive fatigue and preserve mental performance during long periods of esports play.
6484h agoLower BOLD signal variability is found in autism and schizophrenia compared to typical controls, and this reduced variability is linked to poorer social cognition, neurocognition, and social functioning.
6484h agoNeural networks encode information in two complementary spaces, feature identity and feature integration, and a new joint-training architecture can capture both patterns, leading to improved reconstruction and reduced errors.
6496h agoThe streamlined image analysis framework effectively correlates behavioral measures to anatomical measures on the cortex and detects regions of abnormal brain-behavior correlates by removing the effects of age and other variables.
6496h agoReject relations influence agent performance in stimulus equivalence formation, suggesting artificial neural networks may rely on associative strategies rather than stimulus equivalence.
6496h agoA patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a completely locked-in state communicated "Yes" or "No" answers to questions by controlling an electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface.
6496h agoEmotion categories do not map to specific brain patterns, and brain patterns vary greatly across individuals within an emotion category.
6496h agoSpiking neural networks can store a large number of stable, overlapping activity patterns with a direct correspondence to the original Hopfield model, allowing for linear scaling of storage capacity with the number of neurons.
6496h agoA mechanical system's contraction upon expansion enables low-frequency vibration isolation through a stiffness switching mechanism that countersnapping instability.
6496h agoQuantum Hamiltonians based on balanced, symmetric, bipartite graphs are Yang-Baxter integrable.
6496h agoThe study constructs two classes of integrable soliton hierarchies and derives their Hamiltonian structures using the Tu scheme and trace identity.
6496h agoChaoticus, a Python package, integrates ODE systems and computes chaos indicators on GPUs, reducing computation times by several orders of magnitude compared to CPU-based approaches.
6496h agoThe Hebbian Physics Network (HPN) uses local updates driven by conservation law violations to learn and model complex physical systems without global optimization.
6496h agoThe swinging Atwood machine has an exact solution for its motion over time, with its trajectories forming teardrop-heart orbits that are isochronous with respect to the launch angle.
6496h agoDynamical modes from Continuous Glucose Monitoring data detect meal events by capturing key aspects of glucose variability.
6496h agoA new random graph model, inspired by assembly theory, generates graphs with diverse properties, including a broad range of summary statistics, that are enabled by historical contingencies during the generative process.
6496h agoStable composite vortex solitons exist in a three-dimensional photonic crystal with third-harmonic generation, featuring spatial patterns of vortex, quadrupole, and anti-vortex structures.
6496h agoA data-driven method using an autoencoder generates initial guesses for unstable periodic orbits in chaotic systems, allowing for quick convergence to these orbits through variational convergence algorithms.
6496h agoQuasi-Newton algorithms fail to select stable evolution paths in brittle thin films without exact second variation information, but a spectral stability criterion can improve path-following accuracy.
6496h agoPhysics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation to study soliton collisions, but standard PINNs fail to conserve laws during collisions, and conservative PINNs are then used to obtain solutions that satisfy these laws.
6496h agoThe Bennett profile's nonlinearity can be transferred to plasma flow velocity, resulting in a vortical flow that remains unchanged in current density and meets the validity criterion for a shear-flow stabilized Z-pinch under certain temperature profile constraints.
6496h agoNon-integrable quantum field theories exhibit chaotic behavior with energy eigenvalues matching predictions of random matrix theory, whereas integrable theories show Poisson behavior.
6496h agoTemperature chaos in spin glasses arises from reentrance, where a drop in temperature causes a system to shift from a ferromagnetic phase to a less ordered phase.
6496h agoA new training framework called gradient-optimized neuroevolution potentials (GNEP) improves the efficiency of machine-learning interatomic potentials while maintaining accuracy and physical interpretability.
6496h agoNeural networks with a large number of hidden units have a general theory that predicts their performance on simple input-output distributions, using a small number of weight statistics to express typical performance.
6496h agoProbabilistic Graphical Models outperform Graph Neural Networks when input features are low-dimensional or noisy, and are more robust to increasing graph heterophily.
6496h agoCrystallization in bidisperse granular materials enhances the diffusion length, a key parameter controlling flow behavior, and is linked to local structural organization and pressure gradients.
6496h agoThe study finds that shot noise is strongly suppressed at the Kondo destruction quantum critical point in a heavy-fermion strange metal.
6496h agoLocalized states emerge naturally in disorder-free hypercube graphs, and can be systematically constructed and robustly maintained, offering a clearer understanding of many-body localization phenomena.
6496h agoThe Penalty Ensemble Method (PEM) helps reduce the impact of uncertainty in deep learning models on Monte Carlo sampling by changing the way the method accepts or rejects simulated configurations.
6496h agoLarge-scale neurodevelopmental MRI studies face tradeoffs between sample size and quality control that dramatically affect results.
6504h agoPragmatic development in adolescents is linked to changes in brain activity in areas outside of the language network, with young adolescents and adults with low pragmatic skills tending to over-interpret direct speech acts as potentially indirect.
6504h agoInfluenza A virus infection causes neuronal damage and triggers hallmarks of neurodegeneration, including changes in TDP-43, in the absence of persistent viral protein expression.
6504h agoThe group technical effects (GTE) metric identifies genes that contribute most to batch effects in single-cell data and their removal helps mitigate these effects.
6512h agoIntroducing hemispheric-specific coupling into a neural mass model improves the correlation between simulated and real brain activity.
6520h agoAutistic young adults have more random and less stably connected neural dynamics than neurotypical peers, with distinct patterns of brain organization that may reflect adaptations to sensory inputs.
6520h agoFixed points of recurrent neural networks store and generate information through the Boltzmann-Gibbs measure, leading to a neural Langevin machine that can sample and learn from real datasets.
6520h agoA transformer-based model trained on fNIRS signals accurately assesses procedural skills across tasks, individuals, and conditions, achieving over 88% classification accuracy and generalizing to new procedures with minimal labeled data.
6520h agoSequences of Large Language Model representations do not show indicators of consciousness phenomena, but they do exhibit intriguing patterns under certain analyses.
6520h agoA new method called HST quantizes brain states and transitions into a hierarchical structure, offering a promising framework for characterizing brain dynamics and analyzing metastability.
6520h agoA new brain foundation model called CSBrain can better decode brain activity from EEG signals by capturing the different patterns that occur at various times and locations in the brain.
6520h agoA neuro-symbolic framework uses local learning to build language structure from scratch, generating synthetic languages with coherent internal morphology similar to human language.
6520h agoMuscle recordings and deep learning can decode spinal motor neuron activity in real time with high accuracy, offering a promising non-invasive approach to estimate some neural activity from the central nervous system.
6520h agoThe visual cortex processes beauty in similar ways in humans and marmosets, with both species showing a high degree of functional similarity in visual processing and shared patterns of information processing.
6520h agoThe relationship between cognition and computation is key to advancing brain-inspired AI, and researchers classify this relationship into four categories to understand how cognition and computation interact.
6520h agoDepression can be assessed through various human behaviors, including brain activities, verbal and non-verbal behaviors, using machine learning models for automatic depression assessment.
6520h agoMachines currently process information in a way that seems intelligent but lack a sense of self, and a new artificial intelligence paradigm called BriSe AI aims to build human-level intelligence by incorporating a self-organized framework that mimics human self-awareness.
6520h agoThe geometrical properties of neural representations relate to task performance in continuous decoding tasks, with analysis revealing a phase transition in training error and a double-descent phenomenon in generalization error.
6520h agoNeural models struggle to capture how climate systems respond to external changes, even when they accurately reproduce current climate patterns.
6520h agoNonlocal coupling enables control of collective stochastic dynamics in coherence resonance by enhancing or suppressing the effect through adjusting the coupling radius.
6520h agoBreather-to-soliton transitions and nonlinear wave interactions are investigated for a higher-order modified Gerdjikov-Ivanon equation, revealing different types of converted waves and their interactions.
6520h agoFinite size effects drive the Kuramoto model with inertia toward a synchronized state at finite coupling, which contrasts with predictions made for the same system in the thermodynamic limit.
6520h agoA material point moving on a sphere in a constant magnetic field has equations of motion that can be represented in a Lax form and proven integrable using first integrals of degree one and two.
6520h agoMulti-lump waves in a water wave model are non-interacting and form different geometrical patterns.
6520h agoCusp bifurcations in max-plus dynamical systems are characterized by piecewise linear representations, and their behavior can be examined through graph analysis.
6520h agoRepetitive curling of the Navier-Stokes equation leads to a higher-order diffusion equation, which can be used to form the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation with soliton solutions.
6520h agoAttractive potential wells arranged in a triangular lattice produce a rich variety of diffusive behaviors, including quasiballistic transport and tongue-like structures in parameter space.
6520h agoScientists identified indicators and precursors that can predict regime changes in intermittent systems, and found a correlation between Lyapunov vectors and regime changes in five different systems.
6520h agoA novel method based on eigenvalue tracking and Floquet Multipliers can quantify system stability directly from diverse data, without needing to remove trends and seasonality.
6520h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
6520h agoThe study develops simulation methods to investigate protein dynamics within heterogeneous cell membranes, where temperature and concentration variations affect biological mechanisms.
6520h agoThe Bureau-Guillot systems with Painlevé transcendent coefficients are birationally equivalent, and one related system can be transformed into a Hamiltonian system called the cubic Bureau Hamiltonian system.
6520h agoIntroducing hemispheric-specific coupling into a neural mass model improves the correlation between simulated and real brain activity.
6520h agoThe magnetic geodesic flow on the standard sphere is Liouville integrable with quadratic and linear integrals in momenta.
6520h agoA thermodynamic formalism ranks chemical reaction network pathways based on a cost function that includes maintenance and restriction costs, which decrease as reactions supporting throughput current are added.
6520h agoThe thermalization of a classical light beam occurs in three dimensions with space and time through a combination of strong transverse confinement and continuous temporal degrees of freedom.
6520h agoThe study of q-state Potts models on a two-dimensional square lattice finds that cyclic changes in phases and coexisting wave modes appear at low and high flipping energies, and dynamic modes with skipping states emerge for certain q values.
6520h agoNon-topological solitons in two-dimensional conformal field theory have a trivial spectrum of linear perturbations with only symmetry-related zero modes.
6520h agoInformation scrambling occurs in an open quantum system, as shown by interferometric measurements of out-of-time-ordered correlators, which reveal ballistic spreading of information in certain situations.
6520h agoThe study finds that Ruelle-Pollicott resonances in magnetization-conserving qubit circuits reflect diffusive transport of magnetization, allowing extraction of the diffusion constant, and reveals a continuum of eigenvalues governing non-exponential decay.
6520h agoThe study of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equations in an ideal fluid with irrotational motion yields families of traveling wave solutions, including solitary and periodic solutions.
6520h agoNumerical simulations show that a ring topology achieves a high level of complete synchronization using Terahertz modeling.
6520h agoA physics-embedded convolutional neural network enables on-demand control over spectro-temporal features of supercontinuum generation, achieving few-cycle pulse shaping without external compressors.
6520h agoA random configuration of N soliton solutions to the cubic focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger equation converges to a soliton gas solution as N increases.
6520h agoA novel bound for the Gross-Pitaevskii equations is presented, which relates the energy to two boundary terms, one connected to vorticity and the other to configuration skewness.
6520h agoA Bayesian framework estimates the model parameters of coupled oscillator models using time series data of the Kuramoto order parameter.
6520h agoThe Semantic Theory of Evolution grounds on physical theories of meaningful information, suggesting that arbitrary communication codes enable the emergence of novelties and a greater variety of potential life forms.
6520h agoThe Lund-Regge evolution of space curves is represented in the Frenet frame, aligning with the Lax system of the Pohlmeyer-Lund-Regge equation.
6520h agoA new model of collective behavior shows that cohesive groups can form through alignment-based interactions when individuals predict and adjust to their future neighbors' movements.
6520h agoThe duplication-divergence interaction principle shapes the structure of networks into sparse graphs with specific traits.
6520h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave through nonlinear Landau damping and wave-wave interactions, with different effects seen for positively and negatively charged debris.
6520h agoElectron transport becomes possible in a one-dimensional disordered chain when correlations between on-site interaction and tunneling integrals are present for certain combinations of parameters.
6520h agoThe fluctuation susceptibility in the Greenberg-Hastings neural network model shows a clear finite size scaling behaviour as the spontaneous activation probability tends to zero.
6520h agoThe spatial photonic Ising machine can efficiently implement a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems with spatially convolutional structures without needing complex multiplexing.
6520h agoThe lifetime of quantum information can scale exponentially with system size when the environment is continuously monitored, but grows at most linearly or remains constant without monitoring.
6520h agoFixed points of recurrent neural networks store and generate information through the Boltzmann-Gibbs measure, leading to a neural Langevin machine that can sample and learn from real datasets.
6520h agoA highly disordered fractal MgO/MgB2 nanocomposite with isotropic pinning exhibits bulk-like superconducting properties due to strong intergranular coupling and atomically clean interfaces.
6520h agoThe geometrical properties of neural representations relate to task performance in continuous decoding tasks, with analysis revealing a phase transition in training error and a double-descent phenomenon in generalization error.
6520h agoBond dissipation can cause localization in a one-dimensional homogeneous system, and the initial localization characteristics of the system influence the localization properties of the non-equilibrium steady state.
6520h agoExploiting quantum resources such as entanglement allows surpassing the standard quantum limit for estimating a magnetic probe field, and using a long-range many-body quantum spin chain as a quantum sensor provides a threefold benefit in precision and robustness.
6520h agoRidge regression displays surprising behaviors, similar to those of deep neural networks, and provides a model system for understanding high-dimensional machine learning.
6520h agoA framework based on coherent information provides a way to study both computational and erasure errors in quantum error correcting codes, allowing for the derivation of statistical mechanics mappings and optimal thresholds for various codes.
6520h agoThe transition from elastic to viscous regimes in Weyl semimetals shows that the Hall angle in the viscous regime is suppressed compared to the elastic regime when the intrinsic conductivity is finite.
6520h agoThe probability distribution of the singular values of the product of two large matrices with Gaussian entries is derived for different parameter regimes.
6520h agoScale invariant scattering theory provides exact access to magnetic and spin glass properties of two-dimensional statistical systems with quenched disorder, yielding magnetic and spin glass renormalization group fixed points.
6520h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
6520h agoVariational quantum algorithms built from analog quenches of a disordered Ising chain retain trainability longer when initialized in a many-body-localized phase than in a thermalized phase.
6520h agoThe eigenvalue spectrum of $XY^\dagger$ is analysed for its support when $X$ and $Y$ are rectangular matrices with jointly Gaussian and independent entries.
6520h agoIodine-enhanced micro-CT imaging enables high-resolution assessment of hematoma evolution, hemolysis, ventricular enlargement, and chronic brain lesions in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.
6532h agoSephin1 protects oligodendrocytes, improves long-term neurological function, and alleviates white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting oligodendrocyte apoptosis, promoting oligodendrocyte proliferation, and reducing neuroinflammation.
6532h agoAcute hyperglycemia causes vascular luminal injury, leading to blood-brain barrier disruption, severe brain damage, and poor outcomes in stroke patients by triggering a metabolic-complement-vascular axis.
6532h agoPower Pixels combines several tools into one pipeline to simplify the processing of neuronal data from Neuropixels probes, covering steps from raw data to single neuron activity.
6532h agoHuman brain specialization partly stems from regulation of gene expression, and specifically, human-like CLOCK gene expression in mice improves cognitive flexibility and neural connectivity.
6536h agoA neural network approach based on transition-path theory uncovers transition pathways that are consistent with committor analysis, resolving competing mechanisms across different dynamical regimes and improving the modeling of rare events in biomolecular systems.
6536h agoOrganADR, an associative-learning-enhanced model, predicts adverse drug reactions at the organ level to improve medication safety.
6536h agoThe brain's processing of a stimulus depends on whether it is predictable or surprising, with some brain cells changing their preferred stimulus features depending on the context.
6540h agoGamma motoneurons have distinct properties that enable rapid activation and proprioceptive signalling, including low recruitment thresholds and high firing rates, which are supported by specific intrinsic mechanisms such as lower membrane capacitance, higher input resistance, and a sodium pump-mediated ultra-slow afterhyperpolarization.
6540h agoThe thousand-brains system, a model of the neocortex, uses learning and inference algorithms to make predictions, find associations between objects, and infer causes of sensory data.
6544h agoMotor cortex activity is spatially organized to support reach-to-grasp movements, with separate areas involved in reaching and grasping.
6544h agoPeople effectively integrate information from different sources over time to make decisions, and the way they combine information changes depending on whether the sources are the same or different.
6544h agoFetal sleep patterns provide insights into early brain maturation and can help detect signs of neurological compromise due to fetal hypoxia or growth restriction.
6544h agoThe relationship between cognition and computation is key to advancing brain-inspired AI, and this relationship can be classified into four categories that highlight the contrast between global-first cognition and local-first computation.
6544h agoParkinson's disease patients' pain fluctuations can be predicted by biomarkers in the bilateral subthalamic nucleus, specifically gamma and beta bands on the opposite side and delta and theta bands on the same side.
6544h agoFinite-size fluctuations sustain synchronization in the Kuramoto model below the critical coupling strength, where classical mean-field theories predict complete asynchrony.
6544h agoThe Swift-Hohenberg equation with spatially periodic coefficients generates patterns in the form of a Bloch wave modulated by solutions of a Ginzburg-Landau type equation through a Turing bifurcation.
6544h agoThe looping pendulum phenomenon, where a lighter bob supports a heavier bob, is explained by derived differential equations that match experimental results, showing a logarithmic curve fit between mass ratio and vertical distance travelled.
6544h agoAn integrable extended 3-site Bose-Hubbard model with nearest-neighbour interactions exists for a certain choice of coupling parameters, and its energy spectrum and eigenstates can be obtained through a Bethe Ansatz procedure.
6544h agoReservoir Computing can accurately predict rogue wave dynamics from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a challenging Hamiltonian system, by learning from breather simulations and generalizing to new, unseen data.
6544h agoEntanglement between collective excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate is observed, demonstrating that vacuum fluctuations seeded the parametric growth of quasiparticles with opposite momenta.
6544h agoA novel approach reconstructs likely routes taken by people displaced due to climate hazards and conflict, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying displacement patterns and informing proactive responses.
6544h agoTree-grass coexistence in savannas happens because trees help grasses through shading and grasses compete with trees for water, leading to stable patterns of trees and grasses under harsh environmental conditions.
6544h agoQuantum reservoir computers are robust tools for learning and forecasting chaotic dynamics from time-series data and can learn invariant properties such as Lyapunov spectra and attractor dimensions.
6544h agoBiological systems adaptively control their connection to external energy sources, and this adaptability leads to emergent behavior where structure formation and non-equilibrium drive coevolve.
6544h agoSmall quantum gate perturbations can enhance performance in quantum machine learning by serving as a natural source of data augmentation.
6544h agoDistributed neural architectures learn to allocate computation and communication patterns based on the content and context of each token or patch, and can be competitive with dense baselines while achieving compute efficiency and parameter sharing.
6544h agoFeature-learning deep nets collapse data to a regular low-dimensional geometry through the collective action of factors like nonlinearity and noise.
6544h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, which describes spin glass systems, is extended into a mixed p-spin glass model that includes higher-order interactions among spins, and its equation of states is derived.
6544h agoThe study uses simulations to examine collective excitations in fluid hydrogen during a molecular-to-atomic fluid transition at 2500K, finding a plateau in sound speed and suggesting a dynamic model of chemical reacting mixture should be applied in this region.
6544h agoAlzheimer's disease-like pathology reduces brain energy production and impairs potassium regulation, and anesthetic exposure further suppresses energy production and worsens potassium regulation.
6544h agoA systematic protocol helps identify clinical brain MRI scans with limited imaging pathology, allowing these scans to be repurposed for brain research and increasing sample size and replicability in neurodevelopmental imaging studies.
6544h agoCa2+ transferred from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria through IP3 receptors enhances mitochondrial ATP production in response to neuronal activity.
6544h agoThe brain interleaves replay of familiar and novel memories during slow-wave sleep, allowing new memories to be embedded into existing memories without interference.
6544h agoTRPML3 induces autophagy and regulates neuronal gene expression by downregulating genes during serum starvation and upregulating genes responsible for axon guidance, synaptogenesis, and dendritic arborization under normal conditions.
6544h agoThe vomeronasal system of the Iberian mole has a unique anatomy and molecular features, including a circular lumen, uniform sensory epithelium, and alternative mechanisms for semiochemical entry.
6544h agoAlpha-synuclein fibril growth can be inhibited by compounds that bind to the fibril ends, and two dimethoxyphenyl piperazine analogs show potent inhibition of fibril growth in vitro.
6544h agoPhase cycle inversion can identify the origin of out-of-voxel signals, enabling optimization of crusher gradients to improve their suppression.
6544h agoThe scolopidium, a mechanosensory unit, is activated best by stretch along the ciliary axis, which helps insects detect proprioception, vibration, and sound.
6544h agoSchema congruency affects how events are integrated into memory and influence decision-making, with schema-congruent events integrated during encoding and schema-incongruent events relying on retrieval-based inference.
6544h agoFasting and caloric restriction increase the production of the hormone ADIOL, which acts on the nervous system to reduce levels of a neuroactive metabolite linked to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, and enhancing ADIOL signaling improves healthspan indicators during aging.
6544h agoWalking at slower speeds leads to greater immediate responses in gait parameters to optic flow perturbations, while adaptations to prolonged exposure are larger at faster speeds.
6544h agoThe visual working memory reorganizes spatial representations in the brain, recruiting a larger part of the visual cortex than during perception, to flexibly store objects.
6544h agoEarly-life seizures and developmental delay in SCN2A-DEE are driven by hippocampal CA3 hyperexcitability, which is characterized by transient neuronal hyperexcitability and accelerated maturation of hippocampal networks.
6544h agoElevated entropy production in inflamed tissue environments modulates the activation threshold of TRPV1 thermosensitive ion channels, leading to a downward shift in the activation temperature.
6544h agoForgetting in flies consists of a decrease in the ability to use a memory to guide behavior, rather than a loss of the memory itself.
6544h agoPeople rely more on proprioception from the triceps surae muscle to control posture when their vision is blocked.
6544h agoHeterogeneity, short-term plasticity, and stochasticity in the CA1 network each have distinct effects on cellular information transmission.
6544h agoLoss of TDP-43 function leads to inclusion of aberrant exons, which are often degraded through nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and targeting these exons may provide new therapeutic options for TDP-43-related neurodegenerative disorders.
6544h agoSORLA upregulation reverses pathological effects in aged mouse brain, including tau phosphorylation, synapse loss, and neuroinflammation, and protects against tau toxicity.
6544h agoThe postrhinal cortex (POR) and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) have different spatial reference frames during place navigation, with POR neurons adjusting to visual landmarks and MEC neurons staying aligned with the global reference frame.
6544h agoPeople can transfer motor skills across tools and contexts, and training with an extra robotic thumb improves performance across various tasks and body postures.
6544h agoExposure to a synthetic cannabinoid in adolescence leads to long-term behavioral and neurochemical changes, including increased aggression and reduced social interaction, in adult mice.
6544h agoCalcium signals in fly olfactory receptor neurons reliably represent spike activity and can be used as a proxy for it.
6544h agoMice with targeted photothrombotic ischemia in the sensory thalamus develop persistent spontaneous pain behaviors, including facial grimace, and changes in brain cells, providing a new model to study central post-stroke pain.
6544h agoThe visual system switches the response polarity of ON and OFF neurons dynamically to detect image contrast, and EAAT5 glutamate transporters at photoreceptor terminals make this switch happen.
6544h agoReactivating a consolidated memory can protect it from degradation by competing learning, but only if the competing memory is not consolidated.
6544h agoEthanol causes widespread brain cell death in early development, but this effect declines as the brain matures, and changes in a complex manner with age and cell type when a gene called Myt1l is partially impaired.
6544h agoPersonalized brain stimulation, guided by individual brain function and a neural network-based decoder, improves working memory performance when optimal stimulation frequencies are used.
6544h agoMycobacterium tuberculosis lipid extract and its component sulfolipid-1 directly activate nociceptive neurons to induce cough by engaging Galphaq/11 coupled pathways to release intracellular calcium.
6544h agoFamiliarity with faces influences how the brain processes facial features, including sex, and previous studies' findings on decoding facial sex may have been affected by the experimental methods used.
6564h agoPrenatal cannabis exposure and psychosocial stress during pregnancy impair maternal behavior and have lasting effects on offspring neurodevelopment, with cannabis and stress having additive effects on anxiety-like behavior and gene expression changes in adolescent offspring.
6564h agoEmotional intensity in dreams increases throughout the night, with late-night dreams being more emotional than earlier ones, and this increase is not specifically linked to REM sleep.
6564h agoThe stimulation of one side of the olfactory system can activate the other side through a dopamine-driven mechanism that helps to balance the input from the two sides.
6564h agoIndividual neurons can sustain persistent firing on their own, challenging the traditional view that recurrent synaptic networks are responsible for retaining information in the brain.
6564h agoLight pulses during the biological night induce sleep, and this effect requires histamine neurotransmission in mice.
6564h agoThe vomeronasal system in wapiti is highly developed and functionally specialized, playing a critical role in mediating social and reproductive behaviors through a complex anatomical and neurochemical organization.
6564h agoThe basolateral amygdala complex and perirhinal cortex play different roles in attention, with the basolateral amygdala complex involved in focal attention to novel or familiar stimuli paired with danger, and the perirhinal cortex involved in peripheral attention to familiar stimuli indirectly paired with danger.
6564h agoMaternal infection during pregnancy upregulates the protein Lcn2 in the fetal brain, and Lcn2 plays a critical role in normal brain development, with its deletion causing deficits in social behavior and increased repetitive behavior.
6564h agoBlocking VCAM1 or VLA4 after a stroke prevents cognitive decline in mice by restoring blood vessel structure and function.
6564h agoMethylphenidate modulates brain function by acting on dopamine transporter, and changes in dopamine levels in certain brain areas relate to its effects on neural signaling.
6568h agoParvalbumin interneurons change their response to whisker stimuli during experience-dependent plasticity, showing increased activity in response to spared whiskers in deprived areas, which in turn suppresses the activity of other nearby neurons.
6568h agoEarly life stress increases sensitivity to alcohol's stimulatory effects in females and reduces sensitivity to its sedative effects in males, leading to increased risk of developing alcohol use disorder.
6572h agoHuman induced pluripotent stem cells can be engineered to generate astrocyte progenitor cells that survive, integrate into the spinal cord, and show no signs of tumors or adverse effects when transplanted.
6572h agoBreathing rhythm improves visual perception by boosting brain activity and bodily arousal during inspiration, and people adapt their breathing to align with expected visual stimuli to enhance performance.
6572h agoNeural stem cells secrete a specific extracellular matrix that induces quiescence in response to BMP4, and this process is sustained by YAP and TAZ through preservation of the physical niche.
6572h agoThe brain extracts meaning from imperfect input by integrating information across space and time to create stable concept-level representations.
6572h agoCortex glial subtypes in different brain regions differentially regulate seizure susceptibility, with specific subtypes able to suppress or induce seizures depending on their location.
6572h agoTranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulation enhances decision-making by increasing the efficiency of evidence accumulation, particularly in contexts where performance is initially low.
6572h agoThe brain detects regular patterns between heartbeats and sounds, leading to pupil adaptation and increased brain activity when the two are synchronized.
6572h agoSensory prediction errors drive motor learning, and task performance errors do not affect this type of learning.
6572h agoPlasticity at long-range GABAergic synapses is linked with higher-order cognitive functions, and specifically, learning new rules strengthens these synapses, which enables flexible behavior.
6572h agoThe brain's resonant oscillations, such as Alpha rhythms, are primarily nonlinear, whereas its non-oscillatory activity is mostly linear.
6572h agoThe basal ganglia use a modular organization with reciprocal inhibition to coordinate complex behaviors by sequentially activating different modules that control specific actions.
6572h agoDiversity in neural response properties improves the efficiency of the population code for perception by separating out representations for distinct stimuli.
6572h agoTDP-43 and ANXA11 proteins aggregate together in certain brain diseases, forming a new type of proteinopathy called TDP-43 and ANXA11 proteinopathy (TAP), which has three subtypes with distinct clinical and neuropathologic features.
6572h agoDifferent retinal ganglion cells send visual information from the retina to various brain targets, and a new high-throughput approach can investigate projections, physiology, and structure-function relationships of these cells in a single experiment.
6572h agoAdolescent opioid use does not appear to increase physiological and behavioral responses to sickness later in life.
6572h agoFatigue in patients with Multiple Sclerosis is linked to different brain activity patterns in the Striato-Thalamo-Cortical network and the fronto-parietal cortex compared to healthy controls.
6572h agoNeuropeptide signaling, specifically through SIFamide, drives brainwide developmental activity cycles by modulating the activity of specific neurons, which in turn refine synaptic connections in the developing brain.
6572h agoAlzheimer's Disease disrupts neural circuits vital for memory and cognition by causing abnormal neural activity, particularly near amyloid plaques, leading to impaired learning and recall.
6580h agoChildren with minimally verbal autism spectrum disorder can detect simple visual objects, but struggle with more complex visual tasks and may have atypical ways of using visual information to guide their behavior.
6584h agoThe amygdala neurons projecting to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex play a specific role in signaling the outcomes of a choice, which is crucial for contingent learning.
6584h agoThe brain's frontal cortex processes visual and auditory information in distinct areas that dynamically adapt to changing contexts, allowing for flexible integration of multisensory inputs.
6584h agoHuman astrocytes enter a reactive state with inflammatory changes when exposed to injury or disease, and they can return to a normal state within days once the stimulus is removed, but long-term exposure can lead to the presentation of antigens.
6584h agoFemale Aedes aegypti mosquitoes undergo behavioral reprogramming during egg development, transitioning from inactivity to active searching for egg-laying sites at night, a process regulated by the circadian clock gene cycle.
6584h agoThe brain's resting state has a high level of neurocognitive activity, called resting memory, which helps with self-referential thinking and enables a smooth transition to working memory when relevant outside information is detected.
6584h agoSepsis causes severe metabolic dysfunction in the cerebellum, but treatment with mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles can restore energy metabolism and balance antioxidant pathways.
6584h agoThe study identified 154 endogenous neuropeptides and 28 O-linked glycosylated neuropeptides in the American lobster, providing a valuable resource for understanding crustacean neuromodulation and peptidergic signaling.
6584h agoThe triceps surae muscles can be independently controlled to suit different tasks, with each muscle showing distinct activation patterns and tuning its activity differently with center of pressure movement during balance tasks.
6592h agoThe novel BELIEFS framework flexibly infers others' strategies and reasons about their mental states, outperforming existing models in predicting human behavior in interactive games.
6592h agoInteroceptive and exteroceptive inputs are processed through two independent mechanisms: one that allocates neural resources to either internal bodily signals or the external world, and another that combines interoception and exteroception to determine the self-relevance of external signals.
6592h agoDepolarization of nociceptors activates a CaV1.2-dependent mechanism that leads to long-lasting modulation of nociceptor activity, resulting in reduced sensitivity to pain.
6592h agoThe ventral tectal longitudinal column (TLCv) has extensive connections with multiple auditory brainstem regions, including bilateral projections to the cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, and superior olivary complex.
6596h agoThe neocortex is organized along a sensorimotor-to-association axis, with primary sensorimotor areas at one end and transmodal association areas at the other, and this organization is shaped by competing processes of induction and exclusion driven by opposing transcriptional programs.
6600h agoEmotional vocabulary develops earlier and faster than general vocabulary across the lifespan, with emotional vocabulary reaching near adult levels by early adulthood and peaking about four years before general vocabulary.
6600h agoMutations in genes encoding synaptic proteins are associated with 1,266 diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, and contribute to a wide range of neurological, psychiatric, developmental, and systemic disorders.
6600h agoDrd1-Cre:dCas9-p300 mice display repetitive spinning behavior, hyperlocomotion, and enhanced reward learning, while Ador2a-Cre:dCas9-p300 mice show no changes in behavior, due to cell-type specific expression of dCas9-p300.
6600h agoThe auditory cortex connects with many brain regions beyond those involved in processing sound, and plays a role in cognitive and emotional functions such as multisensory integration, decision-making, and learning.
6600h agoSensory cortices maintain their ability to distinguish different sensory inputs regardless of behavioral engagement, while the hippocampus only effectively discriminates information when it is relevant to the task.
6600h agoA specific input from the anterior cingulate cortex to the retrosplenial cortex helps shape the hippocampal map to highlight rewarding locations, guiding adaptive behavior.
6600h agoThe claustrum plays a key role in initiating network states for cognitive control by activating task-dependent networks and influencing cognitive control nodes.
6604h agoFunctional connectivity inputs to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex from certain brain regions, such as the fronto-parietal and orbitofrontal cortices, distinguish individuals with depressive symptoms and comorbidities.
6604h agoThe NEural Analysis Toolkit (NEAT) implements classical algorithms to compute and simplify response properties of spatially extended neuron models, bridging the gap between single neuron computation and large-scale network analysis.
6604h agoFlexible control and motor adaptation share common neural resources, as shown by their interaction when changes in target structure and force fields occur together during movement.
6604h agoNewborns do not clearly mimic gestures like tongue protrusions when their caregivers do them, and caregivers' perceptions of their newborns' imitative behavior do not always match objective measures.
6604h agoThe study identifies over 30 cell clusters with distinct transcriptional differences linked to memory formation in the brain of chicks, including specific long non-coding RNAs and protein-coding genes that correlate with memory strength.
6604h agoTargeting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway reduces neuroinflammation and improves neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury.
6604h agoThe analysis of single-cell data reveals unbalanced batch effects across genes, and a new metric called group technical effects is proposed to quantify these gene-level batch effects.
6608h agoDogs with Canine Cognitive Dysfunction have distinct metabolic changes, including altered levels of certain lipids, steroids, and compounds related to inflammation and oxidative stress, that are similar to those found in humans with Alzheimer's disease.
6612h agoCATERPillar software generates realistic computer models of brain tissue, allowing for the simulation of diffusion MRI signals and the exploration of brain microstructure features.
6612h agoMeditation techniques have distinct neurodynamic profiles, but also share common features, with nonlinear features being key to distinguishing meditative from non-meditative states.
6612h agoA new method called SHRED maps neural activity from a small number of sensors to understand brain function and behavior across different organisms.
6612h agoBrain tissue stiffness varies across different physiological states and conditions, and a new imaging method called MR elastography can now map this stiffness throughout the brain without using an external device.
6612h agoPatients' own pain narratives can predict their readiness to engage in psychotherapy, with brief spoken stories carrying reliable signals of willingness to start psychosocial treatment.
6616h agoEnhancing the function of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) reduces procrastination by increasing the perceived value of task outcomes.
6616h agoA new method called "anonymized personalization" allows for creating personalized digital brain models that can be trained without using personal data and can make quick, personalized predictions.
6616h agoParkinson's disease patients' pain fluctuations can be predicted by biomarkers in the bilateral subthalamic nucleus, particularly in gamma and beta bands on one side and delta and theta bands on the other.
6616h agoThe science of consciousness may need to revise its fundamental assumptions, as current theories may not be sufficient to fully understand consciousness.
6616h agoBrain2Model Transfer Learning uses brain activity to train artificial neural networks, allowing them to converge faster and achieve higher predictive accuracy.
6616h agoThe convex formulation of the inverse reinforcement learning problem helps estimate an unknown reward function from expert demonstrations using a robust and reproducible approach.
6616h agoA two-step sequential heuristic solves the inverse problem of multi-armed bandits more robustly and quickly than other methods, achieving comparable performance to Monte Carlo methods in less time.
6616h agoThe brain represents expected uncertainty distributions through "higher-order" representations that reflect noisy estimation processes incorporating prior expectations about uncertainty.
6616h agoA four-dimensional integrable discrete dynamical system extends the autonomous form of a $q$-Painlev\'e I equation with symmetry of type $A_1^{(1)}$ and its integrability is established through conserved quantities and degree growth.
6616h agoDiscrete nonlinear Schrödinger models with competing nearest and next-nearest neighbor interactions have stationary states that exist only for a specific range of interaction ratios, and their stability depends exponentially on the coupling parameter.
6616h agoA family of network automaton models, called "Life-like network automata," provides a strong theoretical foundation as a topological generalisation of binary outer-totalistic cellular automata, and achieves over 90% success rate in solving the firing squad synchronisation problem.
6616h agoMoney promotes the formation of cooperative networks across human groups, but excessive liquidity can undermine this effect by distorting the value of money as a signal of past cooperation.
6616h agoInformation-theoretic quantities, such as transfer entropy, link to physically defined influence through a modified Vicsek model that calculates influence from angular interactions between particles.
6616h agoActive nematic systems, such as dense layers of microtubules, exhibit coherent flows and nonlinear behavior due to interactions among rod-like subunits, and their modeling requires the nematic locking principle, which states that individual microtubules cannot rotate without their neighbors also rotating.
6616h agoThe timed prediction problem in two-dimensional sandpile models is P-complete for certain neighborhoods, but not for others due to synchronization issues or lack of timed crossover gates.
6616h agoA new quantum algorithm simulates the Lorenz model, a system of nonlinear equations that describes climate and fluid dynamics, by implementing the time evolution of a second-order time-discretized version of the model.
6616h agoEvolutionary game theory shows that people's learning mechanisms for social behavior, measured as selection strength, can co-evolve with their strategies, leading to different outcomes depending on the type of game being played.
6616h agoCertain non-uniform magnetic fields lead to a spectrum consisting of Landau levels, similar to a uniform magnetic field.
6616h agoAdaptive Hagen-Poiseuille flows in elastic microchannel networks replicate key features of Physarum polycephalum networks, including peristalsis and shuttle streaming, and show that these effects have a hydrodynamic origin.
6616h agoThe quantum inverse scattering method is implemented for the 4-vertex model, revealing different characteristics and algebraic properties that can be used to study the higher-spin XXX chain and approximate the Poisson structure.
6616h agoA novel bound for the Gross-Pitaevskii equations in two spatial dimensions is presented, relating energy to vorticity and skewness terms, and saturated by configurations with fractional vorticity.
6616h agoThe solution for a passive scalar in decaying homogeneous turbulence develops a sequence of concentric spherical shells with a quantized, piecewise-parabolic radial profile of temperature.
6616h agoVortex loops, not vortex-antivortex pairs, drive the Anderson transition in three-dimensional chiral symmetry classes, and their behavior is connected to the magnetostatics of 3D type-II superconductors.
6616h agoA distributed approach constructs Lyapunov functions from local information to characterize complex regions of attraction in nonlinear networks with coexisting stable states.
6616h agoThe study uses simulations to examine how collective excitations behave in fluid hydrogen during a molecular-to-atomic fluid transition at 2500K, finding a plateau in sound speed and that a thermo-viscoelastic model can accurately recover simulation data.
6616h agoThe method analyzes the joint probability density of an eigenvalue and its associated right eigenvector of non-Hermitian random matrices by combining the Kac-Rice counting formula with an integral identity for the Dirac delta function.
6616h agoThe Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse emerges in many areas of mathematics and science, and for jointly Gaussian and i.i.d. rectangular matrices $X, Y$, the eigenvalue spectrum of $XY^\dagger$ has a specific support.
6616h agoMetallic glasses crystallize at grain boundaries, not throughout, showing they have a grain structure, not a homogeneous frozen liquid structure.
6616h agoA novel strategy combining simple models with a new Monte Carlo algorithm reveals that the glass fragility and departure from the Stokes-Einstein relation in molecular fluids are much closer to experimental observations than previously reported.
6616h agoReinforcement learning helps optimize the precision of a spin-based magnetometer by determining the best transverse-field pulse sequence.
6616h agoThe competition between Anderson localization and the non-Hermitian skin effect can be precisely controlled in a non-Hermitian Aubry-André model, leading to tunable localization of eigenstates.
6616h agoEntanglement percolation in qubit-based planar quantum networks depends on the initial network configuration and entanglement, with thresholds separating distinct regimes of quantum percolation.
6616h agoMecp2 mutations cause Rett syndrome by affecting brain cells differently in males and females, with females having a mix of normal and abnormal cells and males having all abnormal cells.
6620h agoOlder adults experience stronger interference from episodic memories to procedural memories than younger adults, but show similar interference from procedural memories to episodic memories.
6620h agoFour recent gray matter models produce consistent estimates of cortical microstructure metrics in healthy subjects when applied to a single human dataset.
6620h agoMost MRI studies of the maternal brain lack diversity, with underreported participant racial and ethnic data, overrepresentation of white participants, and a focus on Western populations.
6624h agoA method for simulating neuromechanical models combines NEURON and MuJoCo software platforms to model the brain, body, and environment simultaneously.
6624h agoPOINTseq, a new method for mapping neural circuits, reveals that midbrain dopaminergic neurons form over 30 distinct connectomic cell types with stereotyped projection motifs that may enable parallel dopamine signaling.
6628h agoA neural network model proposes that sleep helps consolidate fear memories by replaying hippocampal representations of context and adjusting amygdalar activity patterns to establish long-term encodings of learned fear associations.
6628h agoThe left ventral occipitotemporal cortex plays a crucial role in reading by acting as a hybrid interface that receives feedforward information from visual areas and sends feedforward orthographic information to higher-order areas, while also receiving feedback from higher-order areas, with the direction of information flow modulated by processing demands.
6632h agoNerve growth factor (NGF) injections into healthy mouse knees cause pain sensitization, joint swelling, nerve growth, and bone changes similar to those seen in osteoarthritis.
6632h agoA distributed corticolimbic circuit, including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, dynamically modulates evidence accumulation during social-affective decision-making under perceptual ambiguity.
6632h agoIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder are less likely to have asymmetrical paracingulate sulcus patterns in the brain compared to neurotypical individuals.
6632h agoTheta and gamma oscillations coordinate neural activity during sequence memory by interacting with single-unit activity and theta phases to form a phase-based code for sequential memories.
6632h agoEEG components relate to cognition indirectly through their relationship with oculomotor action, not directly as previously thought.
6632h agoArcuate Kiss1 neurons regulate energy expenditure in male mice by activating brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through a neural circuit that involves glutamatergic projections to the dorsomedial hypothalamus.
6636h agoVariation in autism-associated genes disrupts experience-dependent neuron remodeling and circuit plasticity, leading to changes in behavior, with specific genes impacting neurite outgrowth and circuit function.
6636h agoOptical methods can now map the connections between brain cells with high sensitivity, high throughput, and cell-type specificity, revealing that even brain cells in the same layer receive vastly different levels of synaptic input.
6636h agoStimulation of the temporal cortex enhances learning and memory by activating specific excitatory neurons and strengthening cell assemblies, and this effect is supported by specific gene networks.
6636h agoSpatial long-read technologies, such as Spl-ISO-Seq2, can now reveal isoform variability within individual cell types in the brain at a resolution of 220nm.
6636h agoA neural mass model describes how two groups of neurons interact to make binary perceptual decisions, influenced by external inputs and their own interactions.
6640h agoRecent progress shows that specific cells in the brain, called pyramidal neurons, play a key role in generating and controlling consciousness through a special mechanism that disrupts feedback signaling.
6640h agoA new method infers a neuron's membrane voltage, biophysical parameters, and position relative to a probe using only extracellular voltage measurements.
6640h agoDifferent languages share a common neural basis for conceptual meaning, and language models trained on various languages converge on this shared meaning.
6640h agoSentience in machines requires sensory signals that are both persistent and qualitative to allow artificial agents to have a subjective experience.
6640h agoThe visual areas in the brain form a network that jointly represents visual information, with their relationships determined by factors such as cortical distance, categorical selectivity, and position within the visual hierarchy.
6640h agoQuantum cognition research finds that human cognitive processes and quantum entities share a similar conceptual nature, but manifest it differently in specific contexts.
6640h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
6640h agoNumerical simulations show that a ring topology achieves a high level of complete synchronization using Terahertz modeling.
6640h agoAdding a third wave to a two-wave configuration increases particle escape rates and changes transport properties in tokamak edge plasmas.
6640h agoA novel strategy that combines intermittent instantaneous and time-delayed coupling between two airfoils enlarges the amplitude death regime, enhancing flutter suppression and improving structural reliability in aircraft.
6640h agoThe Dirac-Bianconi operator enables interactions between dynamics on nodes, links, and higher-order structures in networks, inducing behaviors such as periodic oscillations.
6640h agoThe rd-spiral library simulates 2D reaction-diffusion systems and finds extreme non-Gaussian statistics in stable spiral states, along with changes in activator-inhibitor coupling during turbulence.
6640h agoA method inspired by the growth of a protist is used to identify optimal and suboptimal graphs that connect different nodes in space for designing communication systems like railway networks.
6640h agoPhase reduction can describe multidimensional oscillators with a single phase variable, and now a general theory applies this technique to higher-order interactions, preserving the topology and showing odd couplings affect dynamics.
6640h agoFree fermions emerge in quantum circuits with specific geometries constructed from local unitary gates, and symmetric circuit constructions lead to a free fermionic spectrum.
6640h agoBPS kinks with internal structures emerge from the coupling of two scalar fields through a generalizing function, exhibiting a two-kink profile due to geometrical constrictions.
6640h agoA graph represents basic properties of a dynamical system, with nodes often being maximal limit sets and edges connecting nodes with trajectories having forward and backward limit sets in different nodes.
6640h agoThe dynamics of a one-dimensional billiard of point particles with alternating masses exhibits universal power-law dependencies, characterized by the emergence of a shock wave and a splash region, with observables following asymptotic power laws that approach universal values over time.
6640h agoFollowerstopper, a control system on an autonomous vehicle, regulates its velocity to mitigate traffic jams by using the relative distance and velocity of the leader car to prevent collisions.
6640h agoStrong disorder causes both topological and trivial phases in a fermionic chain to become gapless, and the transition between them is governed by fluctuation scales, not average values.
6640h agoEquilibrium propagation allows mechanical and electronic systems to autonomously acquire complex functionality by computing the gradient of a cost function from the response to external forcing.
6640h agoThe tendency of Hamiltonian evolution to scramble quantum information and increase entanglement causes the arrow of time in quantum many-body systems.
6640h agoAn ensemble nonlinear optical learner, which uses electrically tunable linear scattering in a liquid-crystal-polymer composite film, improves computing performance and inference accuracy in image classification tasks by combining results from multiple learners.
6640h agoClosed-loop learning of models from their own generated data converges to biased outcomes, but can be prevented by adding a small fraction of data from a fixed model, using maximum a posteriori estimation, or introducing regularisation.
6640h agoFluid mercury exhibits neutral atom-like screening at densities less than 9.25 g/cm$^3$ at a temperature of 1750 K, where a gap emerges in the electronic density of states.
6640h agoThe study establishes a duality between output controllability and functional observability, showing that one implies the other under certain conditions.
6640h agoThe generalized PBH test for functional observability and output controllability is valid for a broader class of systems, enabling partial estimation and control of the system state.
6640h agoHeterogeneity imposed by randomizing material parameters in discrete models does not replicate stress oscillations and local behavior of models with heterogeneity dictated by geometric structure.
6640h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
6640h agoA new algorithm called microcanonical simulated annealing (MicSA) dramatically reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, making it suitable for massively parallel computation.
6640h agoCortical surface-recorded potentials propagate to scalp electrodes both far from and near to the generating location, representing a complex mixture of distributed cortical source activities.
6644h agoAPOE ε4 carriers with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers show weaker cortical reinstatement during memory retrieval and lower memory performance, and this genetic risk factor moderates the effects of AD pathology on brain function.
6644h agoAmphetamine and nicotine decrease sucrose intake in a dose-dependent manner, but their effects on feeding do not differ by sex.
6644h agoThe Spike-sorting Lapse Amelioration System (SLAy) algorithm automatically merges oversplit spike clusters, improving efficiency and reproducibility in the spike-sorting pipeline for electrophysiology data analysis.
6644h agoTwo rat models of Parkinson's disease, AAV-delivered human mutant alpha synuclein and alpha synuclein preformed fibril injection, disrupt different biological pathways, including dopaminergic signaling, mitochondria, immune response, and autophagy.
6644h agoThe reproduction of perceived distances is influenced by two biases, central tendency and serial dependence, which persist regardless of the level of autocorrelation in a stimulus sequence.
6644h agoFine-mapping analysis identifies specific risk genes for bipolar disorder, providing new insights into its biology.
6648h agoActivating the connection from the infralimbic cortex to the nucleus accumbens shell reduces cocaine seeking behaviour triggered by drug-associated cues and drug availability signals.
6648h agoDisrupting collagen IV in brain microvessels causes cerebral microbleeds, cognitive decline, and motor problems in mice, similar to those seen in humans with cerebral small vessel disease.
6648h agoBiomechanical strain changes the behavior of astrocytes in the optic nerve head, altering their shape, metabolism, and gene expression in a way that depends on the level and duration of strain.
6648h agoThe brain's resting-state activity indicates a person's readiness for creative insight and predicts Aha experiences, with different brain networks linked to novelty and feasibility in creative performance.
6648h agoHumans combine haptic cutaneous and hand configuration cues optimally to judge the size of objects held between their thumb and index fingers.
6648h agoZebrafish retinal regeneration relies on β1b chain-containing laminins to regulate Muller glia reprogramming, retinal cell proliferation, and neuroprotection of photoreceptors.
6648h agoSilencing the MSH3 gene blocks the progression of Huntington's disease in mice by stopping the expansion of toxic DNA repeats and reducing brain cell damage.
6648h agoLoss of the MECP2 gene causes Rett Syndrome by disrupting chromatin homeostasis in a way that differs by neuron type and specific mutation.
6648h agoBrain tumors cause structural changes in the unaffected hemisphere of the brain, and these changes evolve over time and are linked to poorer cognitive performance after surgery.
6648h agoHigher-order interactions among multiple brain regions provide a powerful framework for capturing the brain's dynamics, and metrics measuring these interactions align with the brain's functional hierarchy and outperform traditional models in characterizing individual brain function.
6648h agoNormative modeling of brain oscillations using MEGaNorm provides a framework for quantifying individual deviations from typical brain development and identifying abnormalities in neuropsychiatric conditions.
6648h agoThe adolescent brain changes how it handles threat and safety between ages 12 and 17, with younger adolescents using the hippocampus and older adolescents using a network including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
6648h agoSocial jetlag is associated with weaker brain connections, less resilient brain networks, and altered brain activity in adolescents, which can affect emotional regulation, social function, and cognitive abilities.
6648h agoA new model of Alzheimer's disease reveals that the disease causes time-progressive accumulation of amyloid beta, loss of monomeric Tau, and neuronal hyperexcitability, which can be normalized with autophagy activators.
6648h agoBeta suppression in the fronto-cingulo-somatosensory network serves as a neural marker of interoceptive processing, and is more pronounced during interoceptive attention, correlating with interoceptive accuracy.
6648h agoPeople's rhythmic ability follows a pattern where timing errors and variability decrease during childhood, increase in older adults, and improve with musical experience, even in real-life situations.
6648h agoThe misalignment of the eye's optical components requires a new understanding of binocular and oculomotor vision, and a new formulation of Listings law explains how the eyes work together to control movement.
6648h agoA computational virtual patient pipeline forecasts patient perceptual capabilities with neural implants, bridging the gap between vision restoration efforts and predicting user perception.
6648h agoSensory operators can be understood through a new geometric framework that describes perceptual processes as measuring distances over a sensory manifold, capturing a wide range of empirical effects associated with elementary sensory computations.
6648h agoThe frontal cortex responds more strongly to sounds that signal a change in action than to sounds that indicate maintaining current actions, and does so consistently even when the same sounds have opposite meanings in different tasks.
6648h agoVCP inhibition restores rhodopsin trafficking and prevents photoreceptor cell death in a model of inherited retinal degeneration.
6648h agoContingency awareness shapes the neural circuitry involved in visceral pain-related fear and safety learning, with aware individuals showing different brain activation patterns to pain-predictive cues.
6648h agoHigher gut microbiota diversity is associated with lower cortisol stress reactivity and lower levels of experienced stress in healthy adults.
6648h agoThe brain tracks and adapts to the fine-grained temporal patterns in touchscreen behavior to support efficient smartphone interactions.
6648h agoPre-stimulus brain activity influences memory formation by preparing the brain for optimal multisensory integration, with alpha oscillations specifically enhancing recognition memory performance.
6648h agoValue information from other brain regions modulates the activity of Superior Colliculus neurons to facilitate faster eye movements towards high-valued objects.
6648h agoMitochondrial diseases cause cognitive deficits in areas such as executive function, working memory, and mental and physical fatigue, and altered brain activity in individuals with more severe impairment.
6648h agoBeta-bursts in the brain play a key role in inhibitory control, with specific bursts linked to stopping and suppressing motor output in older adults.
6648h agoVariants in GBA1 increase the risk of synucleinopathies by causing toxic effects of misfolded glucocerebrosidase and accumulation of lipid substrates due to reduced enzyme activity.
6648h agoIncreasing activity in entorhinal cortex neurons does not promote the regrowth of injured mature entorhinal axons, suggesting that both external and internal factors influence the regenerative response.
6648h agoImproving the writing of titles and abstracts can be done through different strategies.
6652h agoHumanists are engaging with artificial intelligence to adopt language models as tools and shape them to better represent written culture.
6652h agoPatients with mild cognitive impairment require lower energy to change brain activity in the limbic network and have decreased overall brain activity randomness compared to healthy controls.
6652h agoThe supraorbital nerve presents the most accessible target for trigeminal nerve stimulation due to its superficial location, but its stimulation may preferentially activate cutaneous nociceptors, which could lead to off-target side effects.
6652h agoBrain dynamics can be described in a lower-dimensional space, and interactions between brain regions, including synergy and redundancy, are preserved by certain dimensionality reduction techniques, with nonlinear autoencoders being most effective in preserving synergy.
6652h agoThe brain rapidly uses high-level visual predictions to guide perception, and stimulus-evoked responses are increased by surprise based on these high-level predictions, not low-level sensory details.
6652h agoStructural embedding affects the spectral profiles of neural fluctuations, and a new model, chromatic dynamic causal model, reveals a linear mapping between regional structural valency and the spectral exponent of neural fluctuations.
6652h agoChlamydia pneumoniae infection in the retina is linked to Alzheimer's disease, with increased levels of the bacteria and related inflammatory proteins found in the retinas and brains of people with the disease.
6652h agoImplicit threat memories can be selectively modified through post-reactivation interventions, affecting both physiological and cognitive-emotional domains.
6656h agoAstrocyte CB1 receptor signaling promotes inflammation and worsens multiple sclerosis-like pathology in mice by increasing immune cell infiltration and blood-brain barrier damage.
6660h agoRepeating a visual stimulus leads to changes in brain activity, including reduced neuronal spike rates, increased gamma-band synchronization, and altered alpha-beta activity, which are specific to the stimulus and occur throughout the brain's visual processing areas.
6660h agoBrain regions process thoughts about one's own mind and others' minds differently, with some areas decoding mental states specific to self or other, and others decoding mental states in general.
6660h agoMeasuring protein abundance is essential for understanding development and disease, and researchers found extensive discordance between protein and mRNA levels across cell types, particularly in genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
6660h agoHippocampal neurons integrate spatial and non-spatial information through a continuum of linear and nonlinear computations, challenging the traditional dichotomy of spatial versus non-spatial representations.
6660h agoMaternal singing helps preterm infants' brain development by eliciting a distinct neural response, and the mother's own voice has a special effect on their brain activity.
6660h agoGradual sensory development helps human infants develop robust and generalizable visual representations, resist bias, and adapt to new information.
6660h agoIntermittent hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia models of white matter injury affect oligodendrocyte populations differently in the internal capsule and corpus callosum, with distinct changes in myelination and inflammatory cell activation.
6660h agoDepression can be assessed through various human behaviours, and machine learning models have been developed to automatically assess depression from these behaviours.
6664h agoThe existence of machine consciousness is proved using a novel paradigm and set-theoretic formalism based on Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory.
6664h agoHigher-order representations encode information about the reliability, source, or structure of first-order representations, and metacognitive estimates of uncertainty reflect a read-out of these representations, combining current uncertainty and learned distributions over expected uncertainty.
6664h agoMR-LFADS, a new data-driven model, disentangles communication between brain regions, inputs from unobserved areas, and local neural activity, providing a more accurate portrait of inter-regional communication.
6664h agoThis study explores how lifestyle choices, subjective experiences, and objective biometric data relate to each other in one person over 26 months.
6664h agoThe arcuate fasciculus in macaques originates in the temporal-parietal cortex and projects into prefrontal regions, but differs from humans in having less expansion into the middle temporal gyrus and weaker prefrontal and parietal operculum connectivity.
6664h agoThe chain of contagion task measures contagious beliefs by assessing how contamination spreads through contact, and research shows that people with contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder have a strong bias towards these beliefs, with the task's effectiveness plateauing after 8 pens are used.
6664h agoCombining deep neural networks and large language models creates a more accurate prediction of how the human brain processes visual information.
6664h agoThe specific wiring configurations of the cortex, known as the connectome, mainly affect rapid communication between distant brain areas, while having little impact on slower, spontaneous brain activity.
6664h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients give rise to active inference dynamics.
6664h agoBrainSAIL links neural selectivity with visual concepts in natural scenes by leveraging artificial neural networks to provide insights into the brain's functional topology.
6664h agoTwo examples of fully-nonlinear symmetry-integrable evolution equations with algebraic nonlinearities are derived, specifically one class of 3rd-order equations and a 5th-order equation.
6664h agoThe interplay between nonlinear couplings and mismatched frequencies in optical nonlinear Kerr couplers leads to rich and complex dynamics, including multiple stable attractors and transitions from regular to chaotic behavior.
6664h agoSynchronization between clusters of mobile oscillators in a network is affected by their spatial closeness.
6664h agoNonlinear Hermitian systems and linear non-Hermitian systems both exhibit non-orthogonal states and state coincidence at degeneracy points, which helps explain characteristics of nonlinear localized waves.
6664h agoThe reconstruction map for semiclassical bulk operators in JT gravity ensures the spectrum of the fundamental quantum theory matches known results and leads to analytical predictions for wormhole length dynamics, including non-monotonic behavior and suppressed fluctuations.
6664h agoThe Parametric Hypernetwork for Learning Interpolated Networks (PHLieNet) framework enables a unified model to capture dynamic behavior across a broad range of system parameterizations by learning a global mapping from parameter space to a nonlinear embedding.
6664h agoThe thermocapillary deformational thin-film model produces square and hexagonal patterns in a fluid through a conserved long-wave instability at a critical Marangoni number, which can lead to film rupture.
6664h agoNonreciprocal coupling in a chain of nonlinear oscillators induces bifurcations of attractors, transitions to chaos and hyper-chaos, and amplitude saturation with decreasing profiles.
6664h agoDark states are present in XY models, but only for specific configurations of the central spin magnetic field.
6664h agoHigher-order interactions in complex systems promote cooperation, but also facilitate invasions that lead to defection, and often result in bistable states of mutual defection and cooperation.
6664h agoHolographic deep thermalization is a secure and hardware-efficient method for generating genuine random quantum states with minimal resources.
6664h agoNonlinear optimal disturbances in channel flow achieve highest energy growth by mimicking streak spacing and amplitude consistent with turbulent flows.
6664h agoSurface tension can cause an elastic cylinder to become unstable and form a periodic sequence of bulges, known as beading instability, when the cylinder is sufficiently soft or axially stretched.
6664h agoThe TTW system has a hidden algebra $g^{(k)}$ that includes its Hamiltonian and integrals, which form a polynomial algebra of integrals of order $(k+1)$.
6664h agoThis information theory explains how memoryful agents moving through complex environments process information over time as they interact with and interpret stimuli.
6664h agoThe local entropy of the asymmetric binary perceptron breaks down for constraint densities in the interval (0.77,0.78), matching the range that current solvers can handle.
6664h agoIterating defects into a crystal lattice creates non-ergodic multifractal states, which have anomalous slow dynamics and offer new pathways for quantum transport studies.
6664h agoA new method maps Restricted Boltzmann Machines onto generalized Potts models, enabling the extraction of interactions up to arbitrary order in complex systems.
6664h agoThe effective conductivity of 2D and 3D Random Resistor Networks with random edge conductivity depends on both geometrical disorder and conductivity randomness.
6664h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy for Fermi-Hubbard models compared to pure fermionic tensor networks, and offer a physically motivated alternative with improved computational scaling.
6664h agoThe Hamilton--Jacobi equation from mean-field spin glass models has a meaning in the viscosity sense, and has well-posedness, comparison principle, and a solution that can be represented by a Hopf--Lax formula under certain conditions.
6664h agoHolographic deep thermalization is a secure and hardware-efficient method for generating genuine random quantum states with minimal resources.
6664h agoThe intrinsic quantum Mpemba effect exists in Markovian systems and quantum circuits, where a system farther from equilibrium reaches steady state faster than one closer to equilibrium.
6664h agoMachine learning models' training can be improved by optimizing perturbations as first-passage processes, allowing for enhanced speedups and better generalization.
6664h agoThe visual system balances stability and flexibility by using stimulus representations in sensory cortex for stability and task representations in parietal and frontal cortex for flexibility.
6664h agoThe human brain uses less energy than other mammals for computation, and its energy consumption varies depending on the type of task, with more distributed computations requiring more energy.
6664h agoXylazine causes severe respiratory depression, which when combined with fentanyl, leads to a life-threatening condition that cannot be easily reversed by naloxone.
6664h agoDivided attention enhances implicit sensorimotor adaptation when it coincides with error feedback, but has no effect when it occurs after error feedback.
6664h agoAdolescent females with heightened neural sensitivity to social threats show changes in immune pathways, particularly those with a maternal history of depression.
6664h agoBotulinum neurotoxin type A1 disrupts neurotransmitter release in human sensory neurons by cleaving SNAP-25 and downregulating genes responsible for neurotransmitter and neuropeptide release.
6664h agoDeep neural networks that process visual information like the human brain often create perceptual illusions, but their ability to do so does not directly relate to their accuracy or similarity to brain activity.
6664h agoInter-brain synchrony between child-caregiver dyads differs in Autism Spectrum Disorder and can predict core symptoms of the disorder, with distinct brain networks involved during cooperative tasks and free-talking.
6664h agoHigher pre-stimulus brain activity in certain frequency bands is associated with larger responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation, indicating a more excitable cortical and corticospinal state.
6664h agoChronic tumour necrosis factor-alpha signalling impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis by triggering an interferon loop that recruits T cells and switches the fate of hippocampal progenitor cells from producing neurons to an immune-defensive phenotype.
6664h agoAn active pixel power control approach preserves signal quality while minimizing interference between optogenetic manipulation and calcium imaging, allowing for more accurate dissection of neural circuits.
6664h agoNeural responses to specific words in the human hippocampus are a weighted sum of the word's non-contextual meaning and the meaning of surrounding words.
6672h agoInfants' brains process temporal prediction, which underlies social interaction, from birth, with neural activity initially driven by sensory input and later becoming more complex through experience.
6672h agoPyruvate concentration in neurons can be measured at single-cell resolution using a minimally invasive protocol with a FRET-based fluorescent indicator called Pyronic.
6672h agoHawkmoth lamina monopolar cells, which feed into the motion pathway, process contrast and luminance information in a similar manner, and their spatial processing properties are also highly similar, due to the density and distribution of their synapses across different lamina layers.
6676h agoThe retrosplenial cortex has different areas that process visual and positional information in distinct ways, with anterior areas encoding high-speed visual motion and precise position, and posterior areas responding to low-speed stimuli and broader position-related activity.
6676h agoMAPseq2, an updated tool for mapping neuron projections, offers improved barcode detection sensitivity and lower costs compared to its predecessor.
6676h agoFlies integrate visual and mechanosensory information to actively move their antennae in response to changing airflow and visual environments during flight.
6676h agoRNAsmol, a sequence-based deep learning framework, predicts RNA-small molecule interactions by integrating perturbation and augmentation to achieve robust predictions under limited data.
6680h agoLarge language models can be integrated into chemical research as research partners, but their use requires addressing ethical and performance-based challenges.
6680h agoA new fMRI method detects lies about face recognition by identifying brain regions specific to familiarity with individual faces, and finds activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus to be a reliable indicator.
6680h agoHigh-resolution 3D magnetic-resonance spectroscopic imaging detects subtle neurometabolic alterations in young people at risk for psychosis, including higher levels of certain brain chemicals in frontal grey matter.
6680h agoChildren with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (SeLECTS) have abnormally high connections between motor and language areas in the brain during language tasks, which predicts poor phonological awareness.
6680h agoThe hippocampus and reward processing pathways in the brain converge at the level of individual neurons in the nucleus accumbens, allowing for integration of environmental information and reward processing.
6684h agoCocaine changes the excitability of brain cells in the nucleus accumbens core differently in male and female mice, with females' brain cell changes varying across their estrous cycle.
6684h agoDendritic polyglycerol amine (dPGA) coated substrates support long-term mixed glial cultures, allowing for multiple isolations of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and increasing cellular yield.
6684h agoBrain size measures are strongly related to age and sex, with total brain volume and other brain measures better predicted by age, and total intracranial volume predicted by sex.
6684h agoThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a role in threat appraisal and represents novelty, pain, and changing fear associations, and its neuronal populations dynamically update fear representations in response to conditioned stimuli.
6684h agoPsychedelics increase myelination activity in female mice with a genetic mutation linked to demyelinating disorders, but not in male mice, and this effect may lead to new treatments for myelin-related issues.
6688h agoPaceLLM, a new Large Language Model, improves long-context capabilities by mimicking the brain's working memory and neural specialization, achieving performance gains of up to 17.5% on certain tasks and extending measurable context length to 200K tokens.
6688h agoBuilding a language understanding system that allows humans to collaborate with physical robots using natural language requires integrating a cognitive agent with a large language model.
6688h agoNeural machine translation models and human memory models share similar mechanisms for using context to guide memory search.
6688h agoThe key to advancing brain-like AI or Artificial General Intelligence lies in understanding the relationship between cognition and computation.
6688h agoPerceptual multistability offers insights into cognitive functions and dysfunctions, and can be used as a non-invasive tool for clinical applications by bridging computational psychiatry subfields and linking human and animal studies.
6688h agoThe projected normal distribution's moments can be approximated using Taylor expansions, and generalizations of the distribution can be used to model data in various applications, including systems neuroscience.
6688h agoBrainSymphony, a lightweight foundation model, achieves state-of-the-art performance in neuroimaging by processing functional and structural MRI data through parallel transformer streams and a Perceiver module.
6688h agoConsciousness emerges as a cycle of inference shaped by emotion and refined by cognition, which integrates experience across time through a unified cause-effect structure.
6688h agoThe human brain organizes visual information in a scale-free way, with neural representations in the visual cortex following a consistent pattern where their variance decreases as a power law across a wide range of dimensions.
6688h agoThe surrogate gradient neural tangent kernel enables analysis of surrogate gradient learning, a method that substitutes a surrogate derivative for the derivative of a neural network's activation function, allowing it to be applied to networks with non-differentiable activation functions.
6688h agoDiffusion models exhibit a memorization phase with distinct basins of attraction around each training sample in the small data regime, and a generalization phase with new attractor states in the large data regime, where spurious states emerge at the boundary.
6688h agoA new dual-branch deep learning model accurately distinguishes among six distinct classes of time series data, including periodic, chaotic, and noisy patterns, by analyzing recurrence plot images.
6688h agoA robotic mechanical metamaterial develops spatial and temporal oscillations in its displacement field when a feedback parameter in its reaction kinetics is varied, allowing for exploration and prescription of patterning responses in non-equilibrium systems.
6688h agoA higher-order approximation of the transverse discontinuity mapping accurately predicts the dynamics of impact oscillators operating near a pre-stressed soft barrier, overcoming the inaccuracies of linearized models.
6688h agoDarboux's determinant formulae for solving linear hyperbolic second-order PDEs have discrete analogs that work for discrete and semi-discrete hyperbolic operators with finite Laplace series.
6688h agoQuasi-determinants form a fundamental algebraic structure underlying noncommutative integrable equations, allowing for the derivation of equations such as ncKP and ncKdV and their explicit matrix-valued soliton solutions.
6688h agoTopological protection enables robust oscillations at the edges of a two-dimensional grid of coupled oscillators, while the bulk of the grid transitions to a state of oscillation death.
6688h agoEconomic inequality and social factors drive human societies to be unstable, according to a model that combines economic growth with the spread of social dissatisfaction.
6688h agoThe activation energy for thermal phase slips in a superconducting strip scales as $\Delta F^\text{2D}\propto (1-I/I_c)^{3/4}$ with the instanton size depending on the current and Ginzburg-Landau coherence length.
6688h agoA new theory proposes that a large pressure difference between a low-pressure line and its surroundings can cause a tornado to form when it increases vorticity inside a squeezed vortex tube.
6688h agoStructured Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural ODEs (SKANODEs) integrate structured state-space modeling with neural networks to create accurate and interpretable models of nonlinear dynamical systems.
6688h agoReducing the filter bandwidth of a tunable spectral filter causes noise-like pulse emission in a passively mode-locked fiber laser to evolve into a bound-state regime.
6688h agoFaraday waves emerge in self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates when a periodic modulation of the scattering length drives collective excitations, interacting with the intrinsic Jeans instability.
6688h agoA new network reduction framework accurately preserves epidemic spreading dynamics and information flow in complex networks by extracting subgraphs and optimizing node removal and edge pruning.
6688h agoDebris charge fluctuations in a flowing plasma trigger complex phenomena, including chaos and nonlinear Landau damping, and cause damping of the ion-acoustic wave, with differing effects for positively and negatively charged debris.
6688h agoThe Kuralay equations, including Kuralay-I and Kuralay-II, are gauge equivalent and have integrable motion of space curves, with soliton solutions found using the Hirota bilinear method.
6688h agoThe recurrence coefficients in a sequence of monic symmetric polynomials, orthogonal to a symmetric sextic Freud weight, satisfy a fourth-order nonlinear discrete equation and exhibit chaotic, pseudo-oscillatory behaviour as parameters vary.
6688h agoThe KP integrability of non-perturbative topological recursion is proved, which is a formal deformation of the Krichever construction of algebro-geometric solutions of the KP hierarchy.
6688h agoA bidirectional machine can optimally predict a system's future and retrodict its past by capturing all statistical correlations in its state structure.
6688h agoA new class of dynamical quantum instability in driven magnets leads to the enhancement of antiferromagnetic correlations through a two-stage process involving parametric amplification and secondary instability.
6688h agoVacancy defects in a 2D geometrically frustrating magnet cause a peak in the heat capacity at a temperature determined by the concentration of the defects.
6688h agoThe derivation of critical capacity for a quantum perceptron has issues, and an alternative approach shows a different critical capacity.
6688h agoHarmonic chains with random spring constants and masses have a spectral density that follows a power law at low frequency, with an exponent that exhibits phase transitions based on the distributions of the spring constants and masses.
6688h agoAutomataGPT, a transformer model, accurately forecasts and infers the rules of cellular automata, enabling the abstraction of real-world dynamical phenomena into simple models.
6688h agoQuantum annealers can be used to study magnetic hysteresis, and experiments on them show robust memory retention in hysteresis loops.
6688h agoPhotonic neural networks can accurately analyze partially-polarized light beams and determine their polarization properties with precision comparable to traditional polarimeters.
6688h agoA single-particle mobility edge induces a smooth crossover in dynamical signatures, with entanglement entropy and subsystem information capacity showing a mixed nature of localized and extended eigenstates.
6688h agoMeasurement alone can drive a system into different entanglement phases, and a new framework maps entanglement evolution under unitaries and measurements into a classical spin problem.
6688h agoStructural disorder in nanoparticle assemblies broadens the polaritonic stop band and near-field hot-spot distribution, but does not alter the polariton dispersion and coupling strength.
6688h agoThe configuration space of thermally disordered condensed matter systems can be quantified by reconstructing the lattice from the Voronoi cells of the atoms.
6688h agoHigh-throughput screening identifies flexible magnetic materials with efficient transverse thermoelectric conversion, yielding seven high-performance candidates with anomalous Nernst coefficients of up to 4.8 uV/K.
6688h agoXenophobic interactions can impede consensus on social networks, and the ability to reach consensus declines as the number of topics discussed increases.
6688h agoTight-binding models on Bravais lattices with anisotropic onsite potentials can have an E=0 flat band when hoppings and potential shapes are tuned, and this flat band exhibits a localization transition or remains localized depending on the potential strength and type.
6688h agoSubsystem information capacity serves as a valuable tool for studying the intrinsic nature of various dynamical phases, including integrable, localized, thermalized, and topological systems.
6688h agoThe surrogate gradient neural tangent kernel enables analysis of surrogate gradient learning, a method that substitutes a surrogate derivative for the derivative of a neural network's activation function, allowing it to be applied to networks with non-differentiable activation functions.
6688h agoQuantum many-body systems with no conservation laws develop irreversible relaxation, with all their resonances converging inside a certain boundary, leading to chaotic behavior.
6688h agoRandom fiber networks' mechanical behavior is determined by a small subset of load-bearing fibers that form force chains, and their structure-function relationships can be predicted from structural information using an analytical approach.
6688h agoDiffusion models exhibit a memorization phase with distinct basins of attraction around each training sample in the small data regime, and a generalization phase with new attractor states in the large data regime, where spurious states emerge at the boundary.
6688h agoWAY-100635, a clinically tested drug, protects retinal ganglion cells from metabolic collapse by boosting mitochondrial function and suppressing cell death, preserving vision in glaucoma models.
6688h agoFMR1 gene deficiency causes late-onset hyperexcitability in striatal neurons, leading to behavioral and motor deficits in Fragile X Syndrome.
6696h agoClimbing fibers activate MLI2s more than MLI1s through glutamate spillover, disinhibiting Purkinje cells and enhancing dendritic calcium signals necessary for plasticity and learning.
6696h agoThe semantic control network and the multiple demand network respond differently to semantic control demands, with the semantic control network activated by task knowledge and the multiple demand network activated by input modality.
6696h agoThe brain uses a mix of slow and fast oscillations to facilitate communication within and between neural populations, and this multi-frequency activity happens when the balance of inhibitory and excitatory signals is within a specific range.
6696h agoMitochondria in different parts of neurons have distinct calcium dynamics and molecular mechanisms that regulate their function.
6696h agoNR2F1 and NR2F6 transcription factors drive neural repair by promoting corticospinal regeneration, robust midline sprouting, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
6700h agoClosed-loop electrical stimulation prevents pathological neural communication that drives the spread of the epileptic network and helps preserve long-term memory in focal epilepsy.
6704h agoNeuropixels1.0 NHP, a high-density silicon probe, records large numbers of neurons with single-neuron resolution from most areas in a macaque’s brain.
6704h agoA novel pre-trained model called EpiNT enables unified analysis of scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) to improve epilepsy diagnosis and treatment.
6712h agoHomogeneous Differentiators can effectively denoise measurements and faithfully reconstruct attractors of nonlinear systems, leading to drastically improved quality and resolution of the reconstructed attractors.
6712h agoA new type of artificial neural network, called the resonant reservoir network (RRN), uses oscillatory dynamics to classify different types of signals, such as brain rhythms, visual and auditory signals, with few trainable parameters.
6712h agoFlow state, characterized by deep and relaxed concentration, correlates with brain activity measured through EEG, and specific psychological exercises can enhance flow during athletic performance.
6712h agoHigher doses of anti-seizure medications shorten seizure duration by a mechanism that is not related to stopping the spread of seizures.
6712h agoEnvironmental structure influences planning strategies, with people favoring hierarchical planning in structured environments and shortest path planning in unstructured environments.
6712h agoVisual image reconstruction has advanced with deep neural networks and generative models, allowing for detailed, subjective visual experiences to be decoded from brain activity into images.
6712h agoRelying heavily on AI systems and digital tools risks weakening human memory and impairs the development of expertise, critical thinking, and long-term retention.
6712h agoThe Calogero-Moser-Sutherland systems have explicitly described low-dimensional Liouville tori.
6712h agoThe difference in Lagrangian Descriptor values between two neighboring trajectories offers a direct and intuitive measure of dynamical behavior, matching or surpassing the accuracy of more complex methods in detecting chaos in dynamical systems.
6712h agoStochastic martingale turnover naturally leads to a balanced population of cells in biological systems, such as intestinal immune regulation, without the need for specific control mechanisms.
6712h agoA novel type of transition between synchrony and incoherence is discovered where the synchronous state does not connect to the state of incoherence.
6712h agoBeating solitons with nonzero relative wavenumber exist in three-component nonlinear Schrödinger equations, and they interact uniquely with vector Akhmediev breathers.
6712h agoOptimality principles in nonequilibrium transport networks are linked to a thermodynamic formalism that helps quantify the distance from non-equilibrium operating points and understand optimality under different constraints.
6712h agoThe trace of the time evolution operator in the kicked Ising model behaves as a complex Gaussian random variable with open boundary conditions at the self-dual point.
6712h agoClassical Yang-Mills theories have an exact integrability structure with an infinite number of conserved charges, which leads to novel symmetries and potentially allows hadrons to carry these charges.
6712h agoStrategic leaps in spatially structured populations shift the balance of cyclic dominance in rock-paper-scissors dynamics, allowing the dominant species to change and potentially promoting or jeopardizing biodiversity depending on mobility.
6712h agoA generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem describes the link between forced and free fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems using the Koopman operator formalism.
6712h agoThe two-photon Dicke model exhibits a phase transition from a normal to a superradiant phase and displays spectral collapse.
6712h agoA nanomechanical beam with two coupled bistable modes exhibits four stable regions in the frequency domain, separated by curves that mark robust inter-state transitions, similar to a multi-phase thermodynamic system.
6712h agoA dynamic model of a universal joint with radial clearance shows that clearance causes impact-induced oscillations, quasi-periodic motion, and chaotic dynamics.
6712h agoThe nonlinear steepest descent method for Riemann-Hilbert problems associated with homogeneous Painleve II equations can be systematically expanded to obtain higher-order contributions.
6712h agoA reduced order model with 8 degrees of freedom accurately captures the periodic and chaotic behaviors of a nonlinear flexible oscillator, including its bifurcation structure, using proper orthogonal decomposition and energy closure analysis.
6712h agoHybrid quantum integrable systems occur naturally in the semiclassical limit of quantum integrable systems and combine quantum and classical integrable components.
6712h agoThe variational free energy principle provides a mathematical approach to model systems made of coupled objects by representing their dependence relationships, allowing for a parsimonious explanation of system dynamics.
6712h agoOscillator networks can be used as a computational resource, and a universal framework has been developed to harness them by training a feedback-loop to emulate a target system.
6712h agoA new population dynamic model describes all global population growth regimes over the past 12,000 years and predicts two possible future scenarios: one where the population suddenly rises to unsustainable levels by 2078, and another where it drops by half by 2064 due to a global ecological crisis.
6712h agoTissue-scale spatial structure can make tumours more resilient to immunotherapy by creating spatially-patterned states that persist even when standard models predict a cancer-free state.
6712h agoTraining autoregressive models for longer horizons worsens convergence due to accumulating prediction errors, but models trained on long horizons still generalize well to short-term forecasts.
6712h agoClustering and degree correlations in complex networks alter the percolation threshold and critical exponents, differing from predictions made by mean-field theories.
6712h ago$\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry drives phase transitions and emergent physics in quantum systems, and its conservation in disordered systems leads to decoupled subspaces where certain initial states do not decay over long timescales, violating thermalization for generic local observables.
6712h agoA new algorithm, microcanonical simulated annealing, dramatically reduces the need for random numbers in computer simulations, allowing for faster and more efficient computation.
6712h agoMore ductile glasses have a higher probability of experiencing unusual first plastic events at low strain, which resemble avalanches but are not system-spanning.
6712h agoA bio-inspired photonic system mimicking the retina achieves high accuracy in image classification and segmentation tasks with minimal data, outperforming software-based neural networks.
6712h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor with maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor, and its equilibrium and algorithmic properties in the tensor case are similar to those in the matrix case.
6712h agoBidisperse granular packings exhibit a low-frequency plateau in vibrational properties, while polycrystalline packings do not, due to differences in contact network rearrangements during jamming and unjamming.
6712h agoA new population dynamic model describes all global population growth regimes over the past 12,000 years and predicts two possible future scenarios: one where the population suddenly rises to unsustainable levels by 2078, and another where it drops by half by 2064 due to a global ecological crisis.
6712h agoVeraguamide E, a compound from marine cyanobacteria, directly binds to the Sigma-2 receptor and selectively modulates neuronal excitability, making it a potential therapeutic for pain management.
6716h agoPeople who tend to choose immediate rewards over delayed ones are more likely to have addictive-like behavior towards sweet foods and sugary drinks.
6716h agoScientists developed a method to precisely control specific brain pathways in primates using optogenetics, allowing for selective excitation and inhibition of defined brain connections.
6724h agoAnxiety exacerbates repetitive behaviors by changing dopamine activity in the brain, specifically by increasing activity in dopamine neurons projecting to the dorsolateral striatum and decreasing activity in those projecting to the dorsomedial striatum.
6724h agoDynamic cholinergic modulation affects the oscillatory tendencies of neuronal microcircuits differently depending on network topology, with networks having strong connections within excitatory or inhibitory groups being more sensitive to changing cholinergic signals.
6724h agoGene expression changes in brain regions of Major Depressive Disorder patients involve key genes, pathways, and co-expression modules related to neuroinflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
6724h agoNeuropeptide Y helps maintain healthy brain connections by regulating a cellular cleanup process called autophagy, which declines with age and affects synaptic function.
6728h agoAuditory attention decoding works well in identifying which conversation a listener is attending to, even in a challenging scenario with multiple simultaneous conversations.
6728h agoNicotinic signaling affects fast-spiking inhibitory cortical neurons in developing brain circuits by increasing synaptic inputs, but these neurons do not respond directly to nicotine due to a negative modulator called lynx1.
6728h agoMicrostructural tissue growth in the human visual system develops hierarchically in the first year of life, with early visual areas more mature at birth but developing more slowly than higher-level areas.
6728h agoEffort makes rewards more valuable by increasing dopamine release in the brain through a process where acetylcholine binds to dopamine axons.
6744h agoA novel method based on homological scaffolds accurately identifies individuals from brain activity with near-perfect accuracy, outperforming current approaches that rely on functional connectivity.
6744h agoHierarchical modularity in brain networks enhances memory capacity, supports multitasking, and generates a broader range of temporal dynamics, due to its specific topological features.
6744h agoThe brain has separate areas that specialize in processing different senses, and some areas are used for working memory across multiple senses, with specific regions handling visual, auditory, and tactile information.
6744h agoScientists developed a platform called ESCargoT that uses machine learning to quickly find and test genetic enhancers that control gene expression in specific cells in the spinal cord.
6744h agoTwo items in visual working memory alternately guide attention in a rhythmic pattern, with one item dominating behavioral guidance at a time in a theta-rhythmic oscillation.
6744h agoThe angular gyrus and precuneus support perspective-guided retrieval of autobiographical memories in distinct ways, with different subregions contributing to goal-directed perspective selection, vividness, and emotional intensity.
6744h agoAmotivation in schizophrenia is caused by disrupted communication between the thalamus and striatum, which is triggered by overactive cholinergic interneurons and excessive acetylcholine levels.
6744h agoReelin signaling regulates neuronal development and function through the phosphorylation of Twinfilin-1 at tyrosine309, which is crucial for actin remodeling and spine development.
6744h agoThe geometry of the rat whisker array simplifies the coordination required for whisking behavior, with simulations showing that equal muscle activation leads to uniform rotation of follicles and specific patterns of whisker movement.
6744h agoThe cerebellum's motor control functions remain largely preserved with age, despite structural degeneration, showing that it has a remarkable ability to maintain function even in adults over 80 years old.
6744h agoThe hypothalamus volume in newborns is linked to prenatal exposures, such as gestational age, maternal smoking, and sex, with effects lasting into adolescence.
6744h agoDopamine signalling in the motor cortex helps with learning motor skills by linking movements and their rewards, and this signalling is crucial for the formation and execution of skilled actions.
6744h agoSpeech production involves distinct classes of neural activity associated with sensory perception, planning, motor execution, and task-related suppression that are localized to separate brain networks.
6744h agoOptogenetic induction of spike-timing-dependent plasticity at CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses allows for ultrastructural analysis of stimulated synapses using transmission electron microscopy.
6744h agoModulating cortical excitability with ionic direct current (iDC) can control neural responses to input across the cortical surface.
6744h agoMotor cortex helps control voluntary movements by adjusting an ongoing spinal motor pattern to guide actions like navigating obstacles.
6744h agoThe brain's motor areas track the timing of visual events through phase-coupling to environmental rhythms, and this tracking is predicted by sensory simulation that automatically generates a temporal framework.
6744h agoAutism spectrum disorder shows thousands of DNA methylation changes in the brain, mainly in areas that control gene activity during early development and adulthood.
6744h agoThe neocortex and basal ganglia nuclei are connected in a side-by-side arrangement, and this layout enables information processing through horizontal signals passing between modules.
6744h agoDifferences in brain connectivity patterns between healthy people and those with schizophrenia are revealed through a novel method called persistent homology, which could lead to a new diagnosis and treatment approach.
6744h agoPerisomatic inhibition and ripple activity emerge and mature in parallel in the CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions, starting earlier in CA3.
6744h agoInnate brain organization and sensory experience interact to shape the brain's functional architecture, with genetic factors providing a robust scaffold and sensory deprivation driving adaptive reorganization within modality-specific areas.
6744h agoLong-term action video game players have brains that are better at making quick and skillful decisions because they can reduce internal conflict and uncertainty when processing visual and motor information.
6760h agoThe study used a new method called MoSeq to analyze the behavior of mice with a genetic model of dystonia and found that the mice's behavioral patterns changed after treatment with the anti-dystonia drug trihexyphenidyl, with differences also seen between male and female mice.
6760h agoControlling a robotic finger with muscle activity works as well as using physical movement, and may even help people learn to control other devices.
6768h agoBlocking PD-1 signaling reduces amyloid-beta plaque burden, improves cognitive function, and shows potential as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
6772h agoTau aggregates in Alzheimer's disease brains associate with specific proteins involved in synaptic, mitochondrial, and vesicle-trafficking functions, which can modulate Tau toxicity and seeding.
6772h agoPineal gland calcification is a regulated process that uses pathways normally required for bone formation, and involves specific gene networks related to development and inflammation.
6772h agoResting state effective connectivity measures led to worse classification results than resting state functional connectivity measures for psychiatric conditions.
6780h agoThe BOLD-filter method improves the detection of task-induced brain activity in functional MRI scans by isolating meaningful brain networks and revealing clearer patterns of brain function.
6784h agoThe brain's fuel expenditure is tightly controlled to meet its energy needs, and a protein called SLC13A5 plays a critical role in this process by regulating the activation of glycolysis in brain cells.
6792h agoThe interplay between Unc13A and Unc13B proteins orchestrates short-term synaptic plasticity by combining depressing and facilitating components, enabling more accurate models of neural computation.
6792h agoBrain-wide recordings in flies reveal complex neural activity, and a new microscopy method called light beads microscopy (LBM) captures fast neural dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution.
6792h agoEngineered GCaMP8-based indicators, targeted to synaptic compartments, accurately capture Ca2+ dynamics with speed and sensitivity comparable to chemical dyes and electrophysiology.
6792h agoA low-cost instruction learning framework enables the rapid adoption of visual-language pathology applications, reducing the need for costly budgets and excessive computational resources.
6800h agoA thermodynamic cycle boosts the efficiency of absolute binding-free-energy calculations four- to eightfold by limiting protein–ligand relative motion.
6800h agoThe Caenorhabditis elegans receptor guanylyl cyclase GCY-9 regulates a mitochondrial stress response in the intestine that enhances mitochondrial function and stress resistance.
6804h agoPOCO, a unified forecasting model, accurately predicts future neural activity across different sessions and species, capturing both neuron-specific and brain-wide dynamics.
6808h agoAnimals combine a finite set of core motor primitives in flexible ways to meet diverse task demands through a process called skill-based imitation learning.
6808h agoA unifying framework links context and content through optimal transport, proposing that cognition dynamically aligns high-entropy contexts with low-entropy content to support learning, inference, and adaptive planning.
6808h agoThe brain's structural network is organized into modules of mixed cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions, with cross-modular pathways centralized through highly connected hubs in the subcortex.
6808h agoNeuronal activity lies on low-dimensional manifolds and can be described by a small number of latent variables that capture coordinated activity across neurons.
6808h agoDeep Neural Networks on analog physical substrates can operate with different thermodynamic constraints than digital computation, allowing inference to proceed reversibly with no minimum free energy cost.
6808h agoAn oculomotor brain-computer interface using a minimally invasive Stentrode device can record neural activity related to eye movements in a patient with ALS, allowing for robust classification of fixation and saccade.
6808h agoNoise affects the performance of digital memcomputing machines, inducing a chaotic transition that shifts these systems from solving problems successfully to failing, with the solvability correlating with the sign of the mean largest Lyapunov exponent.
6808h agoLaser resonances can exhibit irregular oscillations due to nonlinear effects, similar to the behavior of Van der Pol oscillators, and are influenced by nonlinearity, damping, and quantum fluctuations.
6808h agoShear-thickening fluids effectively reduce resonance amplitudes under harmonic excitation by acting as a damping force at resonance and behaving like an on-off force after resonance.
6808h agoThe Painlev\'e I tau function can be represented as a Fourier series, which is linked to multiple mathematical concepts, including partition functions and conformal blocks.
6808h agoThe quantum-classical correspondence in open quantum many-body systems reveals that classical dynamical behavior determines the level statistics of the steady-state density matrix, with chaotic dynamics leading to Wigner-Dyson statistics and regular dynamics yielding Poissonian statistics.
6808h agoIon-acoustic waves in a dusty plasma are investigated using two methods, Sagdeev pseudopotential analysis and reductive perturbation theory, which yield soliton profiles and provide a comparison between analytic and numerical solutions.
6808h agoThe duplication-divergence interaction principle shapes the evolving structure of networks into sparse graphs with specific structural traits.
6808h agoA methodology using recurrence plots and convolutional neural networks accurately infers control parameters in non-linear dynamical systems, enabling the reconstruction of a system's evolution.
6808h agoThe unique geometry of the two-dimensional tripartite Kagome lattice creates diverse families of spatially localized and time-periodic nonlinear modes known as discrete breathers.
6808h agoA unifying framework links context and content through optimal transport, proposing that cognition dynamically aligns high-entropy contexts with low-entropy content to support learning, inference, and adaptive planning.
6808h agoThe fluctuation-dissipation theorem helps turn a system's natural variability into information on its response to changes, and combining it with Koopman analysis breaks down response operators into understandable parts associated with the system's natural modes.
6808h agoA simple method solves the state evolution problem for a broad class of quantum models of interacting bosons, expressing the solution as an infinite series expansion with coefficients determined by a single polynomial function.
6808h agoKrylov complexity emerges as a reliable marker of quantum chaos, correlating directly with the Brody distribution, and consistently shows a characteristic peak in the chaotic regime that diminishes as systems shift toward integrability.
6808h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes uses a parallelized message-passing framework to decode with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ and has a noise threshold of approximately 7.3%.
6808h agoThe $\beta$-ensemble's critical energy controls its characteristic timescales, with correlations present above and absent below this energy, and exhibits a correlation void where energy correlations are absent between a specific relaxation time and the Heisenberg time.
6808h agoThe Maximum-Average Subtensor problem involves finding a subtensor of size k with the maximum sum of entries in a given random tensor of size N, and its equilibrium and algorithmic properties are similar to those of the matrix case.
6808h agoAperiodic dissipation induces steady-state localization in quantum systems through long-range phase correlations, enabling a new way to control localization.
6808h agoThe energy landscape of the Random Energy model changes in distinct phases as it is integrated along trajectories of the simple random walk on the hypercube, depending on the activity and value of the time integral.
6808h agoThe strong disorder renormalization group method reveals that bond-disordered antiferromagnetic quantum spin chains with power-law interactions exhibit a strong disorder fixed point distribution, leading to divergent magnetic susceptibility and specific patterns of entanglement entropy.
6808h agoDeep neural networks have repetitive structural elements that can be revealed by a new approach, which simplifies their structure and enhances understanding of their interactions.
6808h agoDisorder can induce a topological phase in an otherwise trivial insulator, and space-resolved topological markers reveal the role of fluctuations and correlations in local topology under Anderson disorder and vacancies.
6808h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body systems.
6808h agoQuantum algorithm software is being developed to solve key problems in condensed matter physics, and a co-design approach where algorithms, software, and hardware evolve together is critical to leveraging quantum computation for breakthroughs.
6808h agoFragility does not consistently correlate with microscopic energy barriers, but it does correlate with the macroscopic slope of energy barriers, and a strong correlation exists between microscopic energy barriers and structure-dynamics measures.
6808h agoDelays in feedback loops between the cortex and basal ganglia cause unusual movement patterns, leading to symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors and freezing, by destabilizing motor function.
6820h agoBrain charts specific to the Chinese population reveal distinct neurodevelopmental patterns and outperform Western-derived models in predicting healthy brain phenotypes and detecting pathological deviations.
6820h agoA new muscle model called JiSuJi accurately predicts muscle forces from neural activity patterns, outperforming existing models in accuracy and efficiency.
6820h agoLatin American countries face challenges due to an inconsistent framework for neurorights.
6824h agoSensory neurons transfer proteins to AMsh glia through extracellular vesicles, inducing neuroprotection during aging.
6824h agoA gene therapy approach restores levels of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase to near-normal in animal models, potentially treating Gaucher Disease and GBA-associated Parkinson's Disease.
6828h agoAuditory processing difficulties are linked to changes in brain activity, specifically a decrease in alpha wave power, when people try to focus in noisy environments.
6832h agoA new approach to handling delayed information in models of synaptic plasticity uses cascading eligibility traces to provide a precise memory for credit assignment at any delay.
6832h agoSleep involves physical stillness and disconnection from conscious control because the body synchronizes its vibrations with natural Earth frequencies to restore energy, recalibrate internally, and reorganize systems.
6832h agoNeural networks trained on large-scale EEG/EMG datasets can accurately decode silent speech from electroencephalography/electromyography with heterogeneous electrode placements.
6832h agoThe Multi-Band Brain Net (MBBN) framework discovers frequency-specific network interactions in the brain and predicts psychiatric and cognitive outcomes, such as depression, ADHD, and ASD, more accurately than previous methods.
6832h agoTargeted stimulation of the most central neurons in a neural network enhances signal propagation between weakly connected neural populations.
6832h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new EEG-to-text generation framework, enables the decoding of brain signals into Chinese sentences by aligning multichannel EEG signals with natural language representations.
6832h agoThe pynamicalsys Python module provides tools for analysing nonlinear dynamical systems, including trajectory simulation, bifurcation diagrams, and chaos indicators.
6832h agoCompetitive Dimerization Networks enable complex learning tasks such as multiclass classification through directed evolution, without digital hardware or explicit parameter tuning.
6832h agoThe phenomenological renormalization group method only detects scaling behavior in neuronal models when they are extremely close to a critical point.
6832h agoStructural alterations in coupled dynamical systems impact the response at each network node, with both asymmetry and non-normality of the alteration affecting global and local responses over time.
6832h agoThe Rule60 cellular automaton on a ring with a Mersenne number circumference has properties that can be used to construct all ground state configurations of the classical Newman-Moore model on a square lattice.
6832h agoA machine learning algorithm accurately computes the minimum control bounds required to confine particles within a region indefinitely using samples of orbits.
6832h agoTwo-dimensional superintegrable Riemannian metrics are likely real-analytic in isothermal coordinate systems.
6832h agoIntegrable differential identities and ensemble-specific initial conditions characterise relevant observables and state functions in random matrix theory, leading to solutions of modified KP equation and a new integrable chain for unitary and orthogonal ensembles.
6832h agoThe phenomenological renormalization group method only detects scaling behavior in neuronal models when they are extremely close to a critical point.
6832h agoThe Penalty Ensemble Method (PEM) helps to reduce the impact of uncertainty in deep learning models on Monte Carlo sampling by adjusting the acceptance rule to reject more configurations in uncertain regions.
6832h agoStructural alterations in coupled dynamical systems impact the response at each network node, with both asymmetry and non-normality of the alteration affecting global and local responses over time.
6832h agoVariational quantum algorithms built from analog quenches of a disordered Ising chain retain trainability longer when initialized in a many-body-localized phase than in a thermalized phase.
6832h agoCompetitive Dimerization Networks enable complex learning tasks such as multiclass classification through directed evolution, without digital hardware or explicit parameter tuning.
6832h agoThe spectral localizer framework for computing topological invariants of materials has been improved in three key ways: it requires a local spectral gap, relative bounds on the Hamiltonian and its derivative, and a refined numerical constant, enabling more precise predictions in complex systems.
6832h agoThe Gravitational Graph algorithm converts spatio-temporal series into complex networks by using the concept of gravitational force from physics, allowing analysis of hidden relationships and dependencies.
6832h agoA fast classical annealing scheme takes the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model to a low-energy configuration close to the ground state, with energy per spin converging to the ground state in the thermodynamic limit.
6832h agoNeural quantum states overcome challenges in determining molecular properties by introducing efficient algorithmic enhancements that improve accuracy and scalability.
6832h agoThe low Dirac modes in 3+1 dimensional pure SU(3) gauge theory localize at a mobility edge that appears at the deconfinement transition and is mainly influenced by the ordering of the Polyakov loop.
6832h agoInhibiting microglia activation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease prevents some astrocyte death and improves compensatory potential for motor deficits, but also perturbs structural rebuilding and affects functional outcome.
6832h agoMovement transitions increase theta power and frequency in the hippocampus, and instantaneous speed, not acceleration, primarily modulates theta frequency during locomotion.
6832h agoOverexpression of the protein alpha-synuclein does not result in vocalization deficits, but slightly increases the total number of complex vocalizations in mice.
6832h agoThe PET imaging radioligand [11C]CHDI-009R detects and quantifies mutant huntingtin aggregates in a mouse model of Huntington's disease with high accuracy and reliability.
6832h agoThe laminar neural mass model exhibits periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic oscillations and can display multifrequency activity, including delta-gamma, theta-gamma, and alpha-gamma couplings, which are impaired by alterations linked with Alzheimer's disease.
6832h agoAdaptive clutter filtering and aCompCor confound regression are the best methods for removing motion artifacts in brain activity imaging of awake mice, preserving functional connectivity patterns.
6832h agoA new software package called Image-Based Meta- & Mega-Analysis (IBMMA) provides a unified framework for analyzing large-scale neuroimaging datasets, handling missing data and offering flexible statistical modeling options.
6832h agoThe ipRGC method, which uses blue light to control pupil size, is effective in isolating the impact of pupil size on cognition without affecting alertness or task performance.
6832h agoA two-month exposure to chlordecone pesticide results in mostly normal behavior and a largely intact dopaminergic system in mice, but alters the visual response.
6832h agoThe brain processes complex sounds more strongly when they sound more natural, with areas involved in hearing and memory working together to judge auditory realism.
6832h agoSNCA downregulation using a targeted epigenome therapy reduces alpha-synuclein expression, aggregation, and motor deficits in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
6832h agoFocusing attention on one visual field can improve performance in the opposite visual field, and this effect depends on the balance of activity between the two sides of the brain.
6832h agoCombining stevia with a flavor modifier changes brain activity associated with taste sensation, making stevia more desirable by masking its bitterness and increasing its mouth fullness.
6832h agoMetabolic resilience enables older females to recover more fully and quickly from nerve injury than older males by directing early systemic adaptations that support energy homeostasis and redox balance.
6832h agoThe brain encodes the direction and location of fluid motions in reference to an animal's center-of-mass, allowing it to register complex flow patterns and guide adaptive behavior.
6832h agoMachine learning models detect and classify larval zebrafish behaviors, including spontaneous and stimulus-evoked actions, with high precision, providing a powerful method for studying neural control of behavior.
6832h agoNoradrenaline and microglia regulate the balance between brain plasticity and rigidity in the medial prefrontal cortex, enabling rapid social learning while protecting existing emotional circuits.
6832h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induces changes in brain oscillations and connectivity by enhancing incoming excitatory long-term depression and inhibitory long-term potentiation through a resonance between theta stimulation and individual resting-state alpha rhythms.
6832h agoBlocking the C3aR target in the complement pathway does not rescue neurodegeneration or neuroinflammatory responses in models of tauopathy and endotoxemia.
6832h agoMeteorin, a neurotrophic protein, reduces neuropathic and inflammatory pain by targeting satellite glial cells and modulating their communication through connexin-dependent mechanisms.
6832h agoBilateral common carotid artery stenosis causes a larger decrease in capillary blood flow in the watershed area than in the middle cerebral artery territory, especially in the subcortical white matter.
6832h agoParvalbumin interneurons in the dorsal striatum have a distinct molecular signature that includes genes related to extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, synaptic organization, ion channels, and neurotransmitter receptors.
6832h agoThe R1441G mutation in LRRK2 causes progressive mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress in dopamine neurons, leading to reduced respiratory complex activity and decline in mitochondrial health.
6832h agoThe representation of different stimuli in the brain changes over time due to the dynamics of local neural circuits, which follows a pattern that can be explained by three key quantities: mean population activity and two types of response variability.
6832h agoLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by activating longevity pathways similar to those triggered by caloric restriction, including reduced protein synthesis and lipid storage.
6832h agoMutations in the protein FUS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by disrupting normal protein function and localization, leading to transcriptomic alterations, translatome deficits, and impaired axonal transport in motor neurons, with some effects differing by sex.
6832h agoThe precision of attention determines how much it attracts the brain's visual processing areas towards the focus of attention.
6832h agoThe physical interaction of artificial limbs with the body generates sensory signals that can drive a distinct representation of the artificial limb in the brain.
6832h agoVestibular and proprioceptive inputs help stabilize the trunk, and their contribution changes with different postures and walking speeds.
6832h agoAuditory and visual memories share a common sensory reinstatement mechanism, but auditory memories rely more on internally constructed representations and gist, whereas visual memories rely on perceptual details.
6832h agoThe human high-level visual cortex uses a multidimensional tuning principle to organize and represent categories, encoding multiple features and dimensions across category-selective areas.
6840h agoL2 proficiency affects how well brain activity matches up with language model representations, with high-proficiency individuals showing a stronger match in a network of brain areas.
6840h agoBehavioral modeling uses a virtual laboratory to integrate agent-based modeling with neural control, allowing analysis of simulated and experimental data on Drosophila larvae.
6844h agoImpaired vasomotor activity reduces inter-hemispheric BOLD coherence at 0.1 Hz in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, particularly in watershed areas.
6844h agoPreterm infants' brains develop differently than term-born infants' brains, with changes in connectivity strength and network organization that don't reach term-born infants' levels by term-equivalent age.
6844h agoChildren with developmental language disorder may use different brain areas and cognitive processes to learn statistical patterns, possibly as a compensatory mechanism, compared to their typically developing peers.
6852h agoMusic education in early childhood supports the development of spatial-temporal skills, and an algorithm based on Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets method confirms this effect.
6856h agoA new neural decoding framework called MIBRAIN enables brain-computer interfaces to decode brain activity across multiple individuals, improving accuracy and generalizability.
6856h agoHumans create external representations like language and art to express their inner states, which enables access consciousness, but the complexity of raw experience can't be fully reproduced, leading to an ongoing struggle to explain and understand conscious experience.
6856h agoLarge-scale AI models converge to similar internal representations that align with neural activity because they exhibit scale-invariance, a structural principle that also governs natural systems.
6856h agoNeuronal activity lies on low-dimensional manifolds and a new method using Normalizing Flows extracts coordinated activity across neurons, identifies key latent variables, and characterizes manifold geometry.
6856h agoFour neural theories of consciousness depend on recurrent local modules and a cognitive cycle operating on a global working memory with complex states.
6856h agoPartial synchronization in neuronal networks enables information processing through selective activation of neurons, and a new analysis approach allows studying network coherence at the single-neuron scale.
6856h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
6856h agoStimulating a small percentage of central neurons in a neural network enhances signal transmission between different parts of the network.
6856h agoHopfield models help explain how different biological systems work by showing how their functions emerge from collective dynamics.
6856h agoThe human eye is constantly in low amplitude motion during fixation, but the brain stabilizes the visual perception of objects, allowing people to perceive stable objects as stable and moving objects as moving.
6856h agoContrastive Learning As Manifold Packing (CLAMP) recasts representation learning as a manifold packing problem, effectively separating neural manifolds for accurate classification.
6856h agoThe Hodge decomposition breaks down changing brain networks into three key components that contain biologically interpretable features.
6856h agoA minimal theory of consciousness emerges from combining active inference models, which share features that point to a small set of theoretical commitments.
6856h agoPrecise control of neural activity deep in the brain can be achieved noninvasively by modulating a person's natural visual feed.
6856h agoA novel method accurately predicts the trade-off between temporal resolution and accuracy in auditory attention decoding by modeling correlations with a normal distribution, enabling efficient performance curve modeling.
6856h agoThe Latent Structured Hopfield Network (LSHN) model integrates attractor dynamics and an autoencoder architecture to form associative structures that support episodic memory, enabling robust memory retrieval and outperforming existing models in recalling corrupted inputs.
6856h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity.
6856h agoA slowly-varying time-dependent parameter causes delayed invasion in unstable homogeneous equilibria, affecting the position, decay, and spatial patterns of invasion fronts in various mathematical models.
6856h agoChimera states emerge in systems of identical oscillators on non-reciprocal higher-order structures, called m-directed hypergraphs, because of the directionality and higher-order topology, and are more easily found than with non-reciprocal pairwise interactions.
6856h agoThe nonlinear Dirac equation in 1+1 dimension has exact solutions with solitary waves that exist in the entire parameter plane and have energy divided by charge independent of the coupling constant.
6856h agoA machine-learning method maps complex patterns in reaction-diffusion systems to simple variables, enabling rapid synchronization of rhythmic spatiotemporal dynamics.
6856h agoNoise affects the ability of analog computers to solve complex problems, with solution-finding capability remaining intact below a certain noise threshold but rapidly deteriorating above it.
6856h agoThe nonlinear bouncer model exhibits transitions between superdiffusion, normal diffusion, subdiffusion, and complete dynamical freezing as a control parameter is varied.
6856h agoThe GRHT map has regions of coexistence where infinitely many stable periodic orbits exist, and these regions are polygons with a specific number of vertices that change in a nonlinear way as parameters vary.
6856h agoScientists create a fiber-based platform that allows for precise control over optical solitons, enabling them to trap, excite, and interact with solitons like particles.
6856h agoA generalization of the False Vacuum Skyrme model to any simple compact Lie groups leads to Hermitian symmetric spaces, where global minima correspond to self-dual solutions and spherically symmetric topological charge density.
6856h agoThe moduli space of parahoric $\mathcal{G}_{\boldsymbol \theta}$-torsors with a $D$-level structure has a Poisson structure that induces new algebraically completely integrable Hamiltonian Hitchin systems, unifying many integrable systems with regular singularities.
6856h agoBoolean networks have a negative linear relationship between the robustness and basin entropy of their network attractors.
6856h agoThe study applies Loewner equation to learning algorithms, suggesting two methods for learning one-dimensional time series based on its statistical-mechanical aspects.
6856h agoNonlinear interactions cause light to transfer from a boundary waveguide into photonic lattices with dispersive bands, but inhibit such transfer into lattices with flat bands.
6856h agoA family of matrix models has partition functions that are tau functions of the universal character hierarchy.
6856h agoThe Kuramoto model's stable equilibria on graphs resembling the Sierpinski gasket correspond to harmonic maps from the gasket to the circle, with a unique stable equilibrium existing in each homotopy class of continuous functions.
6856h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
6856h agoPartitioning chaotic systems into clusters allows for the creation of local reduced-order models that improve numerical stability, prediction accuracy, and long-term statistics.
6856h agoQuasi-homogeneous integrable systems have a specific arithmetic resonance condition on Kovalevskaya exponents that governs the emergence of fractional powers and breakdown of the Painlev\'e property.
6856h agoA non-adaptive control solution framework solves the practical output regulation problem for a class of nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters, unknown control directions, and uncertain exosystem dynamics.
6856h agoA higher-order Painlev\'{e}-type equation describes the Ising phase transition coupled to 2D gravity and is characterized by isomonodromic deformations of a rational connection on $\mathbb{P}^{1}$.
6856h agoUltralight bosonic dark matter forms a stable core at the center of galactic halos, supporting a discrete spectrum of collective modes that characterize its response to perturbations.
6856h agoThe dimensional reduction of gravity theories to two dimensions results in a system that can be deformed in two families of ways while keeping its integrable structure, specifically through an auxiliary field deformation and the embedding of the Yang-Baxter σ-model.
6856h agoA spinor system of weakly interacting bosons under external resonant excitation allows topological excitations, such as domain walls and half-vortex molecules, while a uniform scalar condensate does not.
6856h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space H2.
6856h agoThe extreme eigenstates of randomly-weighted adjacency matrices of random graphs show a transition from Poisson to Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble distributions as the graph average degree increases.
6856h agoA graph representation method can efficiently detect flat-folding inability in unsigned crease patterns that satisfy necessary conditions for origami.
6856h agoA simple framework uses automatic differentiation to solve inverse problems, and it accurately reconstructs spatial profiles in a conductor from magnetotransport measurements.
6856h agoThe recrystallization of amorphous phase change materials in non-volatile electronic memories occurs in the supercooled liquid phase, where atomic dynamics, fragility, and breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation between viscosity and diffusion coefficient are crucial for device performance.
6856h agoReinforced quantum dynamics exhibit robustness against interactions with a noisy environment by maintaining its current state or following a noise-free evolution.
6856h agoHere is a simple to read single sentence summary: Models become more vulnerable to label-preserving adversarial attacks as they become more overparameterized, revealing a different pattern of vulnerability than standard robust error measures.
6856h agoFragility does not consistently correlate with microscopic energy barriers or structure-dynamics correlations, but systems with high structure-dynamics correlations can be either the least or most fragile.
6856h agoNoise affects the ability of analog computers to solve complex problems, with solution-finding capability remaining intact below a certain noise threshold but rapidly deteriorating above it.
6856h agoA new approach uses reinforcement learning to design scattering systems by modifying the transmission matrix to achieve specific power conversion and mode transmission properties.
6856h agoHopfield models help explain how different biological systems work by showing how their functions emerge from collective dynamics.
6856h agoDistributed systems with distance-constrained non-local interactions can perform pattern completion and selection through spatio-temporal dynamics of pattern amplitudes.
6856h agoA non-Hermitian system with random nearest-neighbour tunnellings exhibits a delocalization-localization crossover in finite systems and enters a localized phase with infinitesimal disorder strength in the thermodynamic limit.
6856h agoA heuristic tensor network algorithm solves optimization problems on Ising spin-glass systems with up to a few thousand spins, providing competitive solutions to quantum annealers and a simulated bifurcation algorithm.
6856h agoMachine learning techniques can be used to simulate hard-to-sample systems, and a complete analytic study of the Sequential Tempering procedure provides a clear theoretical basis for its integration into Monte Carlo sampling and optimization.
6856h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity.
6856h agoA computational framework identifies Hamiltonians of interacting quantum many-body systems that host non-ergodic excited states by combining simulations with eigenstate-to-Hamiltonian construction.
6856h agoScientists construct local index formulas for quantum Hamiltonians with periodic boundary conditions, covering various dimensions and symmetry constraints.
6856h agoDeep linear networks with multiple outputs and convolutional layers follow a mixture of Gaussian distributions in their prior probability, and their statistics can be described using Bayesian analysis.
6856h agoGradient descent dynamics in deep linear networks are theoretically characterized, capturing effects such as wider networks performing better and hyperparameter transfer, and recovering accelerated power law training dynamics for certain data.
6856h agoRecurrent neural networks can accurately simulate the ground states of large spin systems and extract properties in the thermodynamic limit.
6856h agoRecurrent neural network wavefunctions provide accurate estimates of ground-state properties of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the thermodynamic limit, especially when combined with basis rotation or variational neural annealing.
6856h agoSupercooled liquids can be categorized into two distinct states, solid-like and liquid-like, based on their dynamic behaviors, and undergo a crossover between these states at a characteristic temperature Tx between the melting point and the glass transition temperature.
6856h agoPolarized light can drive quantum phase transitions in integer quantum Hall matter, and experiments with a quantum gas in a driven quasiperiodic optical lattice observe an interlaced phase diagram of localization-delocalization phase transitions.
6856h agoInfants as young as 2-5 months old have brain regions that respond more to scenes than other visual stimuli, and this scene selectivity develops before they can navigate independently.
6856h agoThe frontopolar cortex mainly encodes the most recently executed action, whereas other prefrontal regions show stronger activity in managing multiple goals, exploration, and decision-making.
6856h agoMotoneuron properties compensate for extra spikes by delaying subsequent spikes, restoring rate coding fidelity during behavior.
6856h agoOctopamine signalling plays a crucial role in larval learning by modulating dopaminergic neurons to orchestrate memory processes.
6856h agoThe optimal learning speed increases with pattern sparseness, and this relationship affects a network's maximal memory capacity, with differences in sparseness across brain regions possibly underlying differences in learning speed.
6856h agoOveractivation of OVLTGlut neurons contributes to hypertension by increasing sympathetic outflow and central sodium sensitivity through regulation of OVLTGlut-PVN/RVLM circuits, likely due to aldosterone-induced changes in ion channel expression.
6860h agoAPOE4 genotype causes early changes to metabolism in the central nervous system, including signs of metabolic stress, inflammation, and altered energy production.
6864h agoPerturbations in transcription factors and chromatin regulators disrupt neurodevelopmental timing, contributing to the development of schizophrenia by delaying or accelerating neural differentiation.
6864h agoRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves myelination, reduces excessive neural transmission, and leads to better behavioral outcomes in mice with brain injury caused by neonatal intermittent hypoxia.
6868h agoLycium barbarum polysaccharides alleviate neurobehavioral impairments in mice with ischemic stroke by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
6872h agoElderly people have less frequent, slower, and smaller muscle responses to visual stimuli than younger people, and this decline in fast visuomotor network may result from deterioration of underlying circuits and a prioritization of stability over speed.
6876h agoThe brain's network organization can be understood across multiple scales using a new method that analyzes dynamic causal models and applies graph theory to optimize model evidence.
6876h agoDeepFace enhances facial analysis in mice by improving orofacial tracking and predicting cortical activity.
6876h agoA deep learning approach accurately segments human vagus nerve fascicles and epineurium from high-resolution imaging data, producing high-quality 3D maps of peripheral neural morphology.
6876h agoThe sensory innervation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues in patients with TMJ disorders consists mainly of unmyelinated, peptidergic sensory nerves and sympathetic fibers that innervate blood vessels, with patients with condylar hyperplasia having lower sensory nerve density.
6876h agoMicroglia play a key role in brain dysfunction caused by alcohol abuse, and a specific protein called MyD88 is a potential target for treating the harmful effects of alcohol on the brain.
6876h agoSensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion have distinct proteomic signatures across different compartments that reflect their specialized functions.
6876h agoThe EndoGenius platform, paired with DIA-NN, enables high-confidence identification of neuropeptides using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry, leading to a 100-fold increase in neuropeptide identification in Cancer borealis tissues.
6876h agoThe brain's complex structure is guided by a compact, low-dimensional blueprint that determines its function, and a new generative model can learn this underlying representation from neural connections.
6880h agoA novel framework called SAE-BrainMap directly aligns deep learning visual model representations with voxel-level fMRI responses, revealing a strong correspondence between model activations and cortical fMRI signals.
6880h agoA convolution-based data assimilation method improves parameter estimation and prediction quality in neuronal electrophysiology by accounting for spike timing precision.
6880h agoA novel model predicts future brain states from fMRI data with high accuracy by efficiently learning spatio-temporal information.
6880h agoPatients with major depressive disorder show altered neurovascular coupling, with changes in the relationship between neural activity and hemodynamic responses that vary across different stages of depression and recovery.
6880h agoRelying heavily on AI systems and digital tools risks impairing human memory and learning, particularly for skills that require expertise, critical thinking, and long-term retention.
6880h agoBrain2Vec, a new deep learning tool, classifies stress states from raw EEG recordings with 81.25% validation accuracy.
6880h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
6880h agoPeriodic signals can propagate along chains of neurons in a stable manner, according to an analysis of several standard neuron models, including FitzHugh-Nagumo, Morris-Lecar, Hindmarsh-Rose, and Hodgkin-Huxley.
6880h agoTensor formalism from theoretical physics unifies and solves optimization and ensemble modeling approaches to predicting synaptic connectivity from neuronal responses.
6880h agoCognitive science can build more generalizable theories by incorporating naturalistic experiments and computational models, which can be achieved by integrating recent progress in Artificial Intelligence and cognitive science.
6880h agoA new neural operator framework called NOBLE learns to predict the behavior of human neurons, capturing their variability and complex biophysical properties, and enables efficient generation of synthetic neurons.
6880h agoA self-sustained traveling wave emerges in a cycle of excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons through a saddle-point bifurcation, forming a stationary dynamical state.
6880h agoA data-driven approach can predict tipping points in complex systems by monitoring fluctuations in a specifically designed observable that captures critical slowing down.
6880h agoPeriodic signals can propagate along chains of neurons in a stable manner, according to an analysis of several standard neuron models, including FitzHugh-Nagumo, Morris-Lecar, Hindmarsh-Rose, and Hodgkin-Huxley.
6880h agoA novel inverse modelling method can effectively recover unknown causal parameters from complex stochastic patterns by leveraging visual embeddings to produce robust representations.
6880h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
6880h agoA stochastic model integrating biophysical mechanisms predicts that axons exhibit superdiffusive dynamics with a power-law temporal correlation exponent of -1/2.
6880h agoThe Hamiltonian formulation describes the dynamics of active spherical and spheroidal particles suspended in a steady laminar flow through a straight duct.
6880h agoThe integrable quad equations are equivalent to a combined system of tetrahedron and octahedron equations.
6880h agoAlternative Lagrangian multiforms produce Euler-Lagrange equations equivalent to the ABS equations, and accounting for branch cuts in complex functions ensures existence and closure properties.
6880h agoA variation of Hirota's discrete KdV equation has two types of exact solutions: discrete Painlev\'e transcendent solutions and periodic solutions described by Painlev\'e-type ordinary difference equations.
6880h agoQuantum chaos can be controlled in noisy intermediate-scale quantum systems using discrete-time quantum walks on cyclic graphs.
6880h agoQuantum-chaotic systems and localized systems have distinct properties, but at their boundary, a universal relation exists between spectral compressibility and wavefunction delocalization, described by the equation χ + D1 = 1.
6880h agoA novel inverse modelling method can effectively recover unknown causal parameters from complex stochastic patterns by leveraging visual embeddings to produce robust representations.
6880h agoWeighted graph states generated via variable-range interacting Ising spin systems can implement single- and two-qubit gates with fidelity exceeding classical limits by performing suitable measurements.
6880h agoMagnetic Resonance Imaging can be done at the nanoscale by combining strong local magnetic field gradients with control of electron spins in diamond.
6880h agoHilbert subspace imprint enables evasion of thermalization in quantum many-body systems by allowing initial states to overlap with a small set of eigenstates.
6880h agoThis article provides a brief overview of recent developments in the study of shear thickening in dense suspensions and discusses current models and their application to realistic flow conditions.
6880h agoIlluminating integer quantum Hall matter with polarized light drives quantum phase transitions, and experiments with a quantum gas in a driven quasiperiodic optical lattice observe an interlaced phase diagram of localization-delocalization transitions.
6880h agoA novel form of localization transition, called anomalous mobility edges, is found in quasiperiodic systems, separating localized from multifractal critical states.
6880h agoTensor formalism from theoretical physics unifies and solves optimization and ensemble modeling approaches to predicting synaptic connectivity from neuronal responses.
6880h agoNon-local interactions in a Bose-Einstein condensate generate an analog model of a Euclidean wormhole and affect the Casimir pressure.
6880h agoFoundation Neural-Network Quantum States (FNQS) leverage foundation models to define variational wave functions that can generalize to various quantum systems and tasks, enabling efficient estimation of challenging quantities and uncovering of quantum phase transitions.
6880h agoFinding near-ground states of certain sparse disordered quantum systems is hard for quantum algorithms if an efficient local learning algorithm exists for estimating the energy of a state of the system.
6880h agoFlat band superconductivity remains robust against disorder, requiring a finite critical disorder strength to localize fermion pairs and destroy superconductivity, proportional to the superconducting weight of the clean system.
6880h agoUrban sprawl follows a specific pattern of growth, with cities expanding in a branch-like way and their built-up area increasing in a piecewise linear relation with population.
6880h agoThe intrinsic cardiac nervous system has two distinct types of neurons, Npy and Ddah1, that play separate crucial roles in maintaining heart health and preventing sudden death.
6880h agoCanagliflozin improves learning and memory in male mice by boosting mitochondrial function, insulin signaling, and suppressing neuroinflammation, but has no effect in female mice.
6880h agoThe mammillothalamic tract (MTT) plays a critical role in memory, and its disruption, often caused by thalamic strokes, leads to memory impairments.
6880h agoLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) reverses changes in brain plasticity caused by morphine and reduces morphine preference in mice.
6880h agoTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation does not induce greater pupil dilation than sham stimulation, but its effects are larger if the sham stimulation is perceived as less intense.
6880h agoReactive astrocytes use glutamine to fuel their metabolic demands, which in turn contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
6880h agoOld mice develop long-term memory dysfunction after ischemic stroke because inflammatory cells remove more synapses, with astrocytes playing a bigger role than microglia/macrophages in this process.
6880h agoNutrient consumption boosts memory function by releasing acetylcholine in the hippocampus through the vagus nerve, and this gut-brain pathway is disrupted by a Western diet.
6880h agoMaternal high-fat diet during lactation accelerates the development of tauopathy in offspring, with males being impacted earlier than females.
6880h agoThe basal ganglia and midbrain dopaminergic systems play a critical role in motor control, reward processing, and reinforcement learning. Or a more detailed summary: Newly generated mouse lines enable precise targeting of key neuronal populations, allowing for study of basal ganglia circuitry and dopaminergic neurons involved in motor control, reward, and neuropsychiatric diseases.
6880h agoPlaying action video games reshapes neural circuits by reallocating cognitive resources, enhancing integration of contextual information and refining motion processing, which leads to more efficient visuomotor decision-making.
6880h agoWord meanings from different languages share common patterns and are shaped by environmental factors, with climate playing a key role in explaining variations in meaning.
6880h agoDeep learning models trained on healthy individuals perform poorly on glioma patients, but transfer learning can help adapt these models to improve their accuracy.
6880h agoAmyloid-beta aggregates in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and parenchymal plaques in Alzheimer's disease have different compositions and structures, with distinct isoforms and post-translational modifications.
6880h agoA specific class of prefrontal projection neurons is gradually recruited to a memory trace through synaptic activity, and this process is required for remote memory retrieval.
6880h agoAstrocytes with the C9ORF72 mutation disrupt axonal transport and mitochondrial function in motor neurons, and correcting this mutation or improving astrocyte mitochondrial function restores normal axonal transport.
6880h agoGoal-directed object manipulation in cichlid fish is driven by the inferior lobe, a non-telencephalic brain structure.
6880h agoBrain activity does not show evidence of replaying items with an underlying graph structure during a post-learning resting state, even though it was detected during online memory retrieval.
6880h agoRespiration rhythms modulate neural activity in brain regions, including the basal ganglia, in a state-dependent manner, with coupling strength varying across sleep and wakefulness states.
6880h agoSomatosensory representations in the brain vary between individuals, and the location of these representations differs between brain mapping techniques, with variations of up to 84 mm found between subjects.
6880h agoAction Observation/Execution Neurons (AOENs) in multiple frontal brain areas respond in a similar way, showing brief and strong reactions to observed actions and simple object movements.
6880h agoSLP-2 levels are reduced in Parkinson's Disease brains, and overexpressing SLP-2 improves mitochondrial function, reduces oxidative stress, and protects dopaminergic neurons.
6880h agoVentral premotor area F5c can be used to control a brain-machine interface as effectively as primary motor and dorsal premotor cortex, especially in tasks like 2D cursor and robot avatar control.
6880h agoA new 22-channel TMS-fMRI configuration preserves whole-brain signal reception and achieves high signal quality by wrapping flexible RF coils around the participant's head and the TMS coil.
6880h agoAstrocytes with neuroprotective and neuroinflammatory functions can be distinguished and tracked using a new tool that detects a specific marker, allowing for a better understanding of their roles in neurological disorders.
6880h agoThe core clock gene Period1 (Per1) regulates circadian stability by modulating light-induced re-entrainment across the brain and body, and its loss accelerates clock realignment, providing protection against jetlag-induced disturbances.
6880h agoNewly identified optogenetic inhibitors, RubyACRs, effectively hyperpolarize neurons and lead to circuit-specific behavioral changes, expanding the optogenetic toolkit for circuit dissection in freely behaving animals.
6880h agoDynamic electrical potentials in the vestibular system enhance action potential generation by reducing outward K+ currents on both the inner and outer faces of the calyx.
6880h agoThe brain's sensorimotor and neuromodulatory pathways are assembled complementarily, with neuromodulatory neurons showing varied connections to sensory-motor brain regions and a specific organization pattern in their inputs.
6880h agoNiCLIP, a contrastive language-image pretrained model, accurately predicts cognitive tasks, concepts, and domains from brain activation patterns using large language models and deep learning techniques.
6880h agoCyclophosphamide-induced bladder pain in mice leads to long-lasting hypersensitivity, and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors in the right central amygdala play a key role in driving this pain, while receptors in the left central amygdala sustain it.
6884h agoA dataset combining light and electron microscopy imaging reveals the connections between over 40,000 neurons and 30 million synapses in a 7-day-old zebrafish brain, enabling analysis of neural circuits.
6884h agoKinesins 1 and 3 regulate axonal trafficking of organelles in motor neurons, and their disruption leads to changes in cellular morphology, physiology, and behavior.
6884h agoNapping in older adults relates to changes in brain activity and reduced performance on working memory tasks, particularly at high load levels.
6884h agoA new virus-based tool called rAAV-miniBEND enables specific gene expression in brain endothelial cells, allowing for the modelling of cerebrovascular malformations and study of their causes.
6884h agoEnvironmental enrichment reduces food cravings by promoting specific brain adaptations that enhance inhibitory control and suppress certain excitatory neurons.
6896h agoNeural populations encode, integrate, and transform information over time by iteratively interacting and converging toward stable representations, with each population's internal context shaping what it communicates to other populations.
6896h agoLimited bedding and nesting impairs maternal care in mice, leading to abnormal attachment-like behavior in offspring, including increased anxiety-like behavior and avoidant-like attachment deficits.
6896h agoThe motion-vision pathway in butterflies integrates color and motion information, with different neurons responding to a broad or narrow range of colors to facilitate tasks like stabilization and target-tracking.
6896h agoMyelin sheaths form in a preferentially unidirectional way, guided by a Wnt gradient, and this directional extension is required for proper axon functions.
6896h agoMemorable images trigger stronger neural responses in the brain's inferotemporal cortex and hippocampus, and the hippocampus isolates a memory signal that is larger for more memorable images.
6896h agoCCorGsDB, a web-based tool, integrates co-expression networks to identify clock-regulated genes in specific regions of the mouse and human central nervous systems.
6896h agoA novel screening platform using human stem cell-derived neurons identifies genes that modulate a key marker of mitophagy initiation, providing insights into Parkinson's disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
6900h agoMechanical stress disrupts brain circuit stability by destabilizing network organization, but optogenetic stimulation and GABAergic signaling can promote recovery and regulate network resilience.
6900h agoTau aggregates in neurons lead to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in various conditions, and a dataset of PET scans from 33 healthy young to middle-aged adults provides a reference for studying tauopathies in non-geriatric populations.
6900h agoTectal interneurons control the accuracy and robustness of sensorimotor outputs, and serotoninergic neurons modulate these outputs to influence behavioral flexibility.
6900h agoSleep preserves the brain's ability to distinguish between different sounds, but intermittently disrupts sound processing, leading to local sensory disconnections.
6900h agoMale and female brains have different types of cells and connections that drive distinct behaviors, and researchers have identified 91 types of cells in the fly brain that are linked to these differences.
6900h agoCocaine withdrawal increases the brain's reward response to stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus, which may explain why this stimulation therapy helps with addiction.
6900h agoContinuous flash suppression substantially suppresses V1 orientation responses in the brain, affecting how well the brain can process visual information.
6900h agoEEG microstate sequences from Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy controls show higher-order syntax properties, and their syntax characteristics differ, but these differences disappear when normalized to the group-specific first-order syntax level.
6900h agoBrain-machine interfaces can decode executed and imagined movements independently and simultaneously by identifying separate neural subspaces in the brain.
6900h agoFos expression marks neurons that are involved in memory retrieval, not those activated during memory formation.
6900h agoDiscarded cerebrospinal fluid sediments may contain potential biomarkers for brain diseases, including disease-relevant proteins that become deposited there.
6900h agoCerebrospinal fluid flow is mainly driven by the cardiac cycle, and a new method allows for quantitative measurements of this flow using functional magnetic resonance imaging scans.
6904h agoDrugs of abuse increase dopamine release in the brain by triggering a mitochondrial energy mechanism that enables sustained dopamine release, and blocking this mechanism can prevent addictive behaviors.
6904h agoThe brain organizes semantic information by representing concepts separately and encoding their relational links in distinct areas, specifically in the occipitotemporal cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.
6924h agoTwo new formulas calculate language dominance and multilingualism score by combining critical linguistic variables, providing a standardized way to quantify language proficiency in bilingual and multilingual individuals.
6924h agoA new form of synaptic plasticity called Behavioral Timescale Synaptic Plasticity (BTSP) enables rapid learning and changes in brain activity in seconds, and a generalized version of this rule can be used for unsupervised and supervised learning tasks in neural networks.
6924h agoSelective attention to a specific modality enhances semantic representations in the brain, allowing for better decoding of semantic content from brain activity when attention is paid to the stimuli.
6924h agoInfants as young as 10 months old replay visual experiences in their brains, reactivating sequences of events in a compressed and forward-moving order.
6924h agoInhibiting microRNA-134 reduces single neuron and network hyperexcitability in mice with epilepsy.
6924h agoWomen's brains have more densely organized white matter, which may increase their Alzheimer's risk, but perimenopausal women temporarily have similar white matter organization to men.
6924h agoFlies learn about object stability through physical interaction and develop a preference for immobile objects over mobile ones, and specific neurons in their brain play a key role in this process.
6924h agoThe molecular clock in the medial prefrontal cortex regulates sleep and mediates the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation.
6924h agoExperience disrupts hippocampal sharp-wave ripples in Alzheimer's disease mice by causing non-cholinergic pathological changes.
6928h agoAn improved approach to fitting Ising models to brain data allows for personalized modeling of structure-function relationships, enabling reproduction of functional connectivity and correlations with structural features.
6928h agoAltered lipid droplet metabolism contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease by disrupting mitochondria function and leading to cell dyshomeostasis.
6928h agoAlzheimer's disease hallmark lesions can exist without cognitive impairment, and researchers have now identified a genetic signature and a mouse model that helps explain why some people's brains can withstand these lesions.
6936h agoThe human brain processes information at a speed that often exceeds 10 bits per second, especially for unconscious processing that controls movement.
6944h agoDisruptions in myelin and axonal structures in Alzheimer's disease involve altered axon-glia signaling, paranodal architecture, and amyloid-β aggregation at the myelin-axon interface.
6944h agoSensory entrainment with auditory stimulation improves cognitive deficits in a rodent model of autism by modulating neural activity and enhancing power in brain oscillations.
6944h agoStructured missingness in data, where data are missing in a systematic pattern, undermines the accuracy of standard imputation techniques, but a novel hierarchical approach can better preserve multivariate structure and provide more reliable inferences.
6944h agoBrain functions involve interactions between local and brainwide signals, and a new analysis method reveals that neurons in different areas share variability linked to arousal.
6944h agoAge-related declines in GTP levels impair autophagy and endocytosis in neurons, but supplementing with nicotinamide and EGCG restores GTP levels and promotes clearance of damaged cellular components.
6948h agoLow-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation directly activates individual cortical neurons, causing rapid depolarization, entrainment, and changes in network coordination.
6948h agoMechanical forces, such as traction and shear stress, directly activate GABAB receptors without using the neurotransmitter GABA, through a process involving integrins and receptor structural changes.
6948h agoMore data and more channels improve the quality of EEG decomposition, but benefits continue to increase with more data, without reaching a plateau.
6952h agoAction observation therapy using humanoid robots shows promise in rehabilitation settings, with EEG analysis revealing similar neural responses to observing actions performed by humans and robots.
6952h agoCognition works by actively breaking symmetries in the world through a series of transitions, organizing and stabilizing intelligent behavior by resolving uncertainty.
6952h agoThe study identifies brain regions related to speech rate loss in primary progressive aphasia by integrating brain connectivity and gray matter information.
6952h agoAdvances in large language models have enabled AI agents to exhibit human-like behaviors, and a new scientific perspective, AI Agent Behavioral Science, emphasizes understanding these behaviors through systematic observation, intervention, and theory-guided interpretation.
6952h agoAesthetic judgments of images result from a combination of perceptual and cognitive factors, and a new database of 10,426 images with balanced beautiful and ugly ratings reveals that current research methods may magnify, underestimate, or miss effects due to limited aesthetic value ranges.
6952h agoA model for internal interfacial waves between two fluid layers with current and variable bottom is developed, leading to the derivation of the integrable Intermediate Long Wave Equation and its higher-order version.
6952h agoNeural network quantum state approach enables computation of both ground and excited states of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, allowing study of complex chaotic dynamics.
6952h agoDiscrete Lorenz attractors exist in three-dimensional discrete maps and have similar topology to the continuous Lorenz attractor, forming through different routes involving specific bifurcations and leading to diverse attractor topologies and spatiotemporal patterns.
6952h agoCoupled dissipative kicked rotors exhibit critical transitions in their phase diagram as coupling strength and range change, leading to complex spatiotemporal patterns and a unique domain-wall phenomenon.
6952h agoStochastic control dynamics interplay with a system's inherent instability to drive quantum phase transitions, and this interplay shows universal features that can be captured with a quantum control scheme.
6952h agoDigital Memcomputing machines explore their phase space efficiently over a wide range of parameters, thanks to long-range correlations that emerge from the coupling of fast and slow degrees of freedom.
6952h agoA novel regime of cavity soliton excitation in a Kerr resonator allows for the automatic excitation of single solitons without external perturbations, by setting the cavity detuning and pump desynchronisation parameters within a specific range.
6952h agoHappiness in a flourishing life means living a life of virtue, purpose, and contribution to the common good, not just personal pleasure.
6952h agoStochastic models exhibit two distinct branches of intrinsic growth rate, corresponding to alternative stable states, and the Ricker model undergoes a transition from a steady state to chaos under certain conditions.
6952h agoNon-integrable quantum field theories exhibit chaotic behavior with energy eigenvalues matching predictions of random matrix theory, whereas integrable theories show Poisson behavior.
6952h agoRegulatory functions in socioeconomic and biological systems scale systematically with their size and function, following different patterns depending on the system's structure and complexity.
6952h agoIntegrable Landau-Zener models with hyperbolic time dependence map to Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations, allowing for the identification and solution of a class of these models for N=2, 3, and 4.
6952h agoContact systems on a contact manifold are formulated using a Jacobi structure, allowing treatment of both cooriented and non-cooriented manifolds and enabling work with dissipative Hamiltonian systems.
6952h agoThe incompressible turbulent mixing of a passive scalar has an exact analytical solution, with its energy spectrum decaying universally over time, but pre-exponential factors depend on the Schmidt number.
6952h agoThe design of hidden units in Restricted Boltzmann Machines determines their ability to retrieve memories, with certain modifications improving recall performance by restoring ordered retrieval phases.
6952h agoThe Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, a foundational model for spin glass systems, is extended to a mixed p-spin glass model with long-range interactions, allowing for the study of spin glass systems with higher-order interactions.
6952h agoA neuromorphic network learns complex dynamical systems best when input voltages maximise the number of its components working at their full range.
6952h agoMeasurement-induced phase transition plays a key role in the generative model of cognitive networks and the formation of the state of consciousness in the newborn-adult transition.
6952h agoStochastic control dynamics interplay with a system's inherent instability to drive quantum phase transitions, and this interplay shows universal features that can be captured with a quantum control scheme.
6952h agoInverse Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Hamiltonian Learning (iPINN-HL) approach integrates observational data and physical laws to accurately and efficiently infer Hamiltonian parameters.
6952h agoHappiness in a flourishing life means living a life of virtue, purpose, and contribution to the common good, not just personal pleasure.
6952h agoUrban sprawl follows a specific pattern of anisotropic growth with branch-like extensions, and its built-up area expands in a piecewise linear relation with population.
6952h agoA deep learning model called FerroAI accurately predicts phase diagrams and identifies new ferroelectric materials by analyzing a large dataset of phase transformations compiled from 41,597 research articles.
6952h agoA low-cost, mobile optically pumped magnetometer system with partial sensor coverage successfully recorded somatosensory-evoked fields and event-related changes in brain activity in response to nerve stimulation.
6952h agoFemale mice drink similar amounts of ethanol and have similar blood alcohol levels whether they are given access to it through test tubes or a volumetric drinking monitor.
6952h agoSaccadic suppression strength in monkeys and zebrafish larvae is a direct outcome of efficient state estimation in the presence of uncontrollable sensory and motor variability.
6952h agoDifferent metrics for measuring changes in brain connectivity give vastly different results, and choosing the right metric depends on the study population, design, and research question.
6952h agoKIT-13, a novel plasmalogen derivative, reduces neurological symptoms and neuroinflammation, and improves life span in a mouse model of Rett Syndrome.
6952h agoThe o2S2PARC platform supports collaborative and reproducible computational modeling and analysis with a range of applications, including neural interface simulations, personalized medical planning, and AI system training.
6952h agoDementia diagnosis models perform poorly across diverse cultural groups, but a new technique combining few-shot learning and domain alignment improves model adaptability and reduces performance gaps between White American, African American, and Hispanic populations.
6956h agoThe AIM and FInD vision tests are precise, reliable, and generalizable across multiple visual functions, measuring near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, form, and motion coherence with minimal bias.
6960h agoElevated theta-activity and reduced beta-activity in the subthalamic nucleus during movement suppression, and distinct oscillations in the cortico-subthalamic motor network, are linked to involuntary movements in Parkinson's disease patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
6960h agoHeightened brain reactivity to uncertain threats is associated with a worsening course of anxiety and depression symptoms in people with low exposure to negative life events.
6964h agoChronic activation of the Integrated Stress Response pathway promotes neurodegeneration by suppressing mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity, leading to neuronal death.
6964h agoDorsolateral prefrontal neurons integrate auditory and visual motion signals, and most of them respond to sensory stimuli, with some showing nonlinear interactions when combining both senses.
6964h agoNeuronal remodeling uses different mechanisms to eliminate specific types of dendrite branches under stress and developmental conditions.
6964h agoExercise's protective effects in Alzheimer's disease are due to molecular mediators that act on the neurogenic stem-cell niche in the dentate gyrus.
6968h agoDeep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis may be counterproductive during sleep, and different stimulation patterns have varying effects on cortical activity across sleep-wake cycles.
6972h agoHomotopic functional connectivity varies across the human cerebral cortex, with the lowest levels in association areas and the highest in primary sensorimotor regions, and this variation is linked to brain-wide functional synchrony.
6972h agoBrain activity from common fMRI tests mainly reflects cognitive differences, not other mental health issues, in hundreds of individuals studied.
6972h agoThe brain combines sensory information with past knowledge to infer cause-and-effect relationships, and individual differences in neurocognitive style and perceptual flexibility shape this process.
6972h agoInfants as young as 5 months old with atypical visual cortical connections are more likely to develop autistic symptoms, and these connections may link motion processing and social perception.
6972h agoBarrel cortex neurons process two types of tactile information, "stick" and "sweep" responses, which are inherited from the ventro-posterior-medial nucleus and the posterior medial complex, respectively.
6972h agoThe locus coeruleus regulates brain-wide neural dynamics through a specific organization of morphologically diverse but physiologically similar neurons that release norepinephrine in a region-specific manner.
6972h agoBrain regions associated with action observation and mentalizing play complementary roles in supporting social cognition through a predictive processing architecture.
6972h agoThe cAMP-mediated synaptic plasticity at CA3 commissural synapses onto CA1 neurons differs between the left and right hemispheres.
6972h agoEvolutionary changes in a neural circuit are unevenly distributed, with some features conserved and others rewired, reflecting the different ecologies and behaviours of two closely related species.
6972h agoHigher model order independent component analysis reveals that people with schizophrenia have abnormal brain connectivity, particularly hypoconnectivity between cerebellar and subcortical domains and hyperconnectivity between cerebellar and cognitive domains.
6972h agoTranscranial magnetic stimulation guided by hippocampal functional connectivity evokes and modulates hippocampal activity, and its effects vary with individual differences in brain connections.
6972h agoA new numerical technique accurately quantifies uncertainty in specific absorption rate (SAR) prediction, enabling safe and successful human imaging at 10.5T using high-field MRI systems.
6972h agoFibonacci scaled microtubular architectures in neural microtubules maintain quantum coherence longer through geometric optimization, helping to preserve cognitive function in HIV patients despite neuroinflammation.
6972h agoUsing sLASER for volume localization yields better test-retest reliability for most metabolites than using PRESS for HERMES and HERCULES multi-metabolite editing methods.
6972h agoTinnitus patients have a bigger volume of basal ganglia structures in the brain, which may play a role in the condition's development.
6972h agoThe size of neurons does not explain the complexity of the human brain; instead, the variation in neuron size is what drives the differences in brain complexity.
6972h agoAs reading progresses, it becomes more difficult to hold the eye still, with fixations becoming wider and eye movements less precise over time.
6972h agoSpatial attention helps people construct simple and useful mental representations of their environment, which in turn aids planning, by controlling which task information enters awareness.
6976h agoA spiking neural network model with a learning mechanism links cognitive decision-making models to biological neural activity, bridging the gap between cognitive and biological models.
6976h agoThe Context-Content Uncertainty Principle provides a framework for understanding cognition as a cycle of inference that organizes the flow of information between context and content.
6976h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, is a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients give rise to active inference dynamics.
6976h agoA new scientific perspective, AI Agent Behavioral Science, emphasizes understanding the behavior of AI agents by studying how they act, adapt, and interact over time in different contexts.
6976h agoData characteristics, such as cluster separation and size imbalance, largely determine the accuracy and reproducibility of neuroimaging-based clustering methods used to stratify patients into subtypes.
6976h agoSpikeSift, a new spike-sorting algorithm, matches or exceeds the accuracy of current methods while running an order of magnitude faster on a standard desktop computer.
6976h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference from previous information accumulates, with retrieval accuracy dropping sharply as the model encounters more semantically related updates.
6976h agoScale invariance emerges in a deterministic version of the Game of Life, with equal-state clusters showing critical dynamics and power-law distributions of cluster sizes.
6976h agoFollowerstopper, a control system on an autonomous vehicle, regulates its velocity to mitigate traffic jams by preventing collision with the lead vehicle and attenuating emanant traffic waves.
6976h agoA Trotter transition occurs at a specific time step value, separating two regimes of chaotic dynamics in the integrable BCS model, one with weak chaos and the other with short temporal correlations.
6976h agoA data-driven approach controls a class of nonlinear systems by combining traditional control with a learning algorithm that uses observed input-output data to approximate the internal model.
6976h agoThe study solves an inverse scattering problem for a third-order linear differential equation with complex-valued potentials, recovering the potentials from scattering data.
6976h agoA new theoretical framework analyzes learning dynamics in deep learning by redefining linearity and nonlinearity in neural networks, revealing distinct collective behaviors and learning phases that can explain key phenomena such as grokking.
6976h agoMamba-ProbTSF, a dual-network framework based on the Mamba architecture, accurately captures predictive uncertainty in time series forecasting, with the true trajectory staying within the predicted uncertainty interval about 95% of the time.
6976h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate, accumulating 80-90% of total probability, above a certain chaos border of nonlinearity.
6976h agoThe localization of light in photonic lattices with inhomogeneous disorder follows a stretched exponential function and has an asymmetric profile.
6976h agoFluid mercury exhibits neutral atom-like screening at densities less than 9.25 g/cm$^3$ at a temperature of 1750 K, where a gap emerges in the electronic density of states.
6976h agoThe spin-field trajectories of sequential dynamics on the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with Ising spins are described by a unique solution to a system of integro-difference equations.
6976h agoAmorphous materials display a generic aging phenomenon when subjected to slow periodic driving, characterized by a logarithmic decay of dissipation per cycle.
6976h agoQuantum algorithm software is being developed to solve key problems in condensed matter physics, and a co-design approach where algorithms, software, and hardware evolve together is critical for progress.
6976h agoThe quantum Parisi formula is proven for the transverse field Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model using an elementary mathematical method.
6976h agoGenerative models reveal that network structure and dynamics interplay in low-dimensional spaces, with two main reconstruction classes: fixed-time methods and multi-scale methods.
6976h agoA new methodology accurately calculates electron-phonon interactions in complex materials, resolving discrepancies between calculated and experimental band gaps in halide perovskites.
6976h agoScientists construct a reliable lattice and integer time version of a super-diffusive fractional Brownian motion, a process with a power-law memory that mimics thermal noises over time.
6976h agoWater shows a crossover from a strong to a fragile liquid, characterized by different glass-transition temperatures and temperature dependences of molecular dynamics.
6976h agoThreat history facilitates visual search by enhancing adaptive attentional suppression of distractors that appear at expected locations.
6976h agoDifferent nAChR subtypes are strategically positioned in discrete synaptic domains within single motor neurons, where they serve non-redundant roles.
6976h agoSynaptic connectivity can accurately identify neuronal cell types, and a new method called NTAC uses this approach to group neurons into cell types with over 95% accuracy in semi-supervised cases and around 70% accuracy in unsupervised cases.
6976h agoMice with disrupted bilateral whisker input organization can still accurately determine which side of their face is touched, because their brain adapts to process the abnormal sensory input.
6976h agoHuman-made environments cause higher melanopsin, luminance, and ipRGC excitations compared to natural environments.
6980h agoMutations in KCNA1 disrupt neurodevelopment, causing intellectual disability, epilepsy, and behavioral problems, by altering the function of the voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.1.
6980h agoCholinergic agents modulate GABAergic inputs to PnO neurons, either depressing or facilitating inhibition, which can lead to a relief of GABAergic inhibition of PnO neurons and control rapid eye movement sleep.
6980h agoThe pharyngeal sensory system in Drosophila melanogaster larvae consists of 15 sensilla with four mechanosensory, nine chemosensory, and two dual-function sensilla, and provides a foundation for future studies of sensory perception in insects.
6980h agoA new two-photon microscopy system enables single-cell resolution imaging of neural activity across a large area of the brain, allowing visualization of brain structures and neuronal activities from superficial layers to deep areas.
6980h agoSmall tau aggregates differ in abundance, morphology, and post-translational modifications across tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.
6984h agoActivating the OXR1 gene and deactivating the EMC4 gene control the formation of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein aggregates, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies.
6984h agoTargeting the HTT1a transcript is more effective at delaying HTT aggregation and transcriptional dysregulation than targeting full-length HTT.
6984h agoTraining context determines how and what people learn during motor adaptation, with people learning more implicitly and generalizing their learning differently depending on whether they train with targets of equal amplitude in different directions or targets of varying amplitudes in a single direction.
6988h agoSensory reliability affects how well barn owls can localize sounds, with more reliable cues leading to better sound localization and the relationship between neuronal responses and behavioral performance depending on both tuning and variability of neuronal responses.
6988h agoOxytocin and dopamine systems interact to modulate social safety learning, with oxytocin enhancing learning when dopamine signaling is intact, and both systems being required for responding to trust violations.
6988h agoDisrupted cholesterol metabolism impairs neurons, with brain-derived cholesterol metabolites 24S-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol directly interacting with alpha-synuclein to promote its accumulation and cause neuronal dysfunction.
6988h agoHippocampal neural activity in mice encodes both environmental location and experience relative to rewards, spanning long distances from the reward.
6992h agoMEMnets integrate statistical mechanics with deep learning to identify the slowest collective variables for biomolecular dynamics, effectively capturing memory effects.
6996h agoDendritic calcium-mediated action potentials enable single neurons to learn and represent individual items from a continuous stream of mixed information by organizing synapses with correlated activities.
6996h agoOxytocin receptors in the anteromedial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) help control social approach and vigilance behaviors after stress, especially in response to more distant social stimuli.
6996h agoThe hippocampus and the left angular gyrus play separate roles in retrieving and expressing precise memories of spatial locations.
6996h agoChronic treatment with synthetic glucocorticoids disrupts cognitive function and alters synaptic structure and plasticity in the brain.
6996h agoA neural network model developed to perform visual search directly from pixels in natural scenes replicates human-like behavior, scanpaths, and neural activity, and makes testable predictions about internal representations and prioritization.
6996h agoInstruction-tuned multimodal large language models generate brain-aligned representations, particularly when using task-specific instructions, and their layers align hierarchically with the brain's processing areas.
7000h agoThe brain uses prior predictions to reduce neural responses when recognizing expected words and shows increased anticipatory activity before expected words are heard.
7000h agoSecond-person neuroscience models social cognition as embodied meaning co-regulation through reciprocal interaction, where affect emerges from inference over identity-relevant surprise and is computed from self-model prediction error.
7000h agoThis work examines fundamental elements of spiking neural networks, focusing on neuronal units, hyperparameters, input encoding, and excitatory-inhibitory populations, and how they impact the behavior of two foundational neuron types.
7000h agoLarge Language Models' ability to retrieve information declines as interference accumulates from previous information, revealing a working memory bottleneck that limits their ability to flexibly manipulate information.
7000h agoEye tracking can provide objective insights into brain function and cognitive processing by analysing eye movements, and it may serve as a preliminary indicator of neural processes for differential diagnosis.
7000h agoEnteric ganglia in adult mice are ten times more resistant to deformation than brain tissue, with glia-rich and neuron-rich regions having similar stiffness to surrounding smooth muscle.
7000h agoPrecise control of neural activity deep in the brain can be achieved noninvasively by modulating a person's natural visual feed.
7000h agoA neural network estimator and a new acquisition function improve the efficiency and reliability of adaptive psychophysical procedures for measuring multi-dimensional psychometric functions.
7000h agoLarge Language Models have a concerning property: they destroy up to 80% of unrelated knowledge when learning contradictory facts, and this problem persists even with targeted network updates.
7000h agoFlexible tool selection is achieved through a framework that uses low-dimensional attribute representations to bridge visual tool perception and linguistic task understanding, with a model accuracy of 74% on tool selection tasks.
7000h agoFlow-Lenia, a mass conservative extension of Lenia, generates spatially-localized patterns with complex behaviors and can be optimized to produce life-like creatures with behaviors of interest.
7000h agoThe study of (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equations in an ideal fluid with irrotational motion yields families of traveling wave solutions, including solitary and periodic solutions.
7000h agoThe Schr\"odinger equation is solvable by quadrature if and only if its meromorphic potential is reflectionless and absolutely integrable on $\mathbb{R}\setminus(-R_0,R_0)$ for some $R_0>0$.
7000h agoIntroducing appropriate incident momentum promotes the generation of second-order rogue waves in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates with weaker interspecies interactions.
7000h agoLarge learning rates can shift neural network optimization from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, allowing for faster training and improved accuracy.
7000h agoThe study of the Feingold-Peres model reveals that few-body systems with chaotic classical limits exhibit statistical properties of observables consistent with random matrix theory universality.
7000h agoA new framework solves multiplayer games on graphs with any number of strategies by linking them to the Balls-and-Boxes problem, allowing for the analysis of games on structured populations.
7000h agoNeuralized fermionic tensor network states achieve order of magnitude improvements in ground-state energy for the 1D and 2D Fermi-Hubbard models compared to pure fermionic tensor networks.
7000h agoNative ring structures in amorphous networks determine their properties by hosting dopants, and a new computational framework called Indistinguishable Simulated Folding efficiently simulates structural anisotropy in these networks.
7000h agoMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets provide a way to detect disorder, and spectroscopic lines can serve as a signature of disorder, allowing for its quantification and characterization.
7000h agoA new decoding scheme uses a trained quantum circuit to correct errors in real-time, allowing for faster error correction that matches the speed of quantum operations.
7000h agoAn artificial neural network machine learning interatomic potential accurately describes the thermodynamics and kinetics of the La-Si-P system, enabling reliable molecular dynamics simulations.
7000h agoA tight-binding model with quasi-periodic nature has macroscopically degenerate zero-energy modes and exhibits a characteristic sublattice dependence of particle density distribution that belongs to a class-I hyperuniform distribution.
7000h agoLarge learning rates can shift neural network optimization from exploitation to a balance of exploration and exploitation, allowing for faster training and improved accuracy.
7000h agoA neural network-based algorithm accurately and efficiently computes multiple low-lying excited states of quantum many-body spin systems without needing explicit state orthogonalization.
7000h agoTransformers can approximate exact inference algorithms when trained on specific tasks, and they learn to include correlations at increasing distances through sequential layers during training.
7000h agoA universal framework classifies quantum states based on their correlation structure at different scales, defining intrinsic length scales and providing a novel approach to understanding quantum matter.
7000h agoNode heterogeneity is not necessary for network communities to emerge, and communities can form as an emergent property of networks evolving with local rules.
7000h agoThe proposed spectral algorithms achieve the optimal reconstruction threshold for weakly reconstructing the relevant index subspace in a Gaussian multi-index model.
7000h agoUniversal conductance fluctuations in mesoscopic devices depend on Fermi energy and increase with growing anisotropy, deviating from the standard Altshuler-Lee-Stone theory.
7000h agoThe bistable behavior of spinal motoneurons, which enables them to switch between a quiescent state and self-sustained firing, mainly depends on the interplay between several intrinsic ionic mechanisms, primarily driven by the calcium-activated nonspecific cation current.
7000h agoAlpha-synuclein protein variants associated with Parkinson's disease have different effects on forming biomolecular condensates, with some increasing and others decreasing condensate formation, contributing to disease through divergent pathways.
7000h agoCardiac signals influence people's experience of the urge to move, with the timing of their actions often aligned with the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle.
7000h agoAutomatic LSS integration relies on shared neural circuits for both newly learned and overlearned associations, but overlearned associations uniquely recruit brain activity in the left parietal cortex.
7004h agoBasal forebrain cholinergic neurons modulate cortical circuits through two main hubs: layer 1 inhibitory neurons and layer 6 excitatory neurons.
7004h agoTranscription factors EBF3 and BCL11B are involved in the development of arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons, while FOXP1 and FOXP2 are involved in the development of oxytocin (OXT) neurons.
7004h agoSaccades impair the processing of semantic category information in naturalistic scenes, causing a reduction in scene categorization accuracy and degraded neural representations of scene categories immediately after the saccade.
7004h agoMacrovascular correction enhances the relationship between EEG and rs-fMRI metrics, and sex and EEG complexity are significantly associated with resting-state functional activity.
7004h agoAlcohol exposure in the third trimester equivalent causes long-lasting changes in brain activity, including decreased firing rates and altered neural patterns, in areas necessary for spatial learning and memory.
7012h agoCell-type heterogeneity in brain cells declines in regions that generate seizures, and a single ionic current can tune this heterogeneity, which can be restored by blocking this current.
7012h agoBinge drinking activates a small group of neurons in the brain that reduces further alcohol consumption by sending signals to another part of the brain.
7016h agoChanges in synaptic input statistics drive changes in neural diversity through intrinsic plasticity, which in turn affects network heterogeneity.
7020h agoReduced GluN2A expression alters the susceptibility of hippocampal circuits to seizure-like activity in a model-dependent manner, potentially by changing intrinsic or synaptic excitability.
7020h agoPupil-linked arousal modulates activity in different types of neurons in the auditory cortex through diverse response patterns, affecting their response strength, encoding, and frequency selectivity.
7020h agoStress modulates itch through a specific population of neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) that project to brainstem regions, suppressing itch when activated and enhancing itch when inhibited.
7020h agoGene therapy with AAV9-CSA vector increases lifespan and improves conditions in a mouse model of Cockayne Syndrome by addressing deficiencies in DNA repair and mitochondrial metabolism.
7020h agoLarge language models' human-like behaviors emerge from their interaction with their environment and goals, not just their internal design, and require a new scientific approach called AI Agent Behavioral Science to understand and govern their actions.
7024h agoA neuronal network model, inspired by the Ising model, transitions from asynchronous to synchronized activity as its temperature-like parameter increases, exhibiting complex behavior similar to patterns found in cortical recordings.
7024h agoConstraints in natural intelligence, such as limited neural bandwidth and energy, promote efficiency, adaptability, and creativity, and similar "less is more" principles can be used to develop more efficient and interpretable artificial systems.
7024h agoHeterogeneity in intrinsic neural timescales within the frontal cortex enhances performance in a context-dependent working memory task by balancing fast and slow timescales.
7024h agoA large dataset of brain activity, eye movements, and mental states helps develop algorithms to handle eye movements and improve the accuracy of decoding users' thoughts and intentions.
7024h agoThe combination of spiking neural networks and Lempel-Ziv complexity creates an efficient and interpretable classifier for spatiotemporal neural data.
7024h agoA new benchmark dataset, NSD-Imagery, allows assessment of how well fMRI-to-image reconstruction models perform on mental images, and reveals that model performance on mental images is largely unrelated to performance on seen images.
7024h agoBiologically plausible learning rules, such as e-prop, can achieve neural data similarity comparable to Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) when matched for task accuracy.
7024h agoAn endovascular brain-computer interface can record neural activity related to eye movements and translate it into control commands in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
7024h agoOpen data and open science principles in neuroscience will transform understanding of the nervous system, and new social structures and active communities are needed to facilitate their wider adoption.
7024h agoA novel framework called ST-USleepNet accurately extracts sleep features and staging by modeling spatial-temporal patterns from raw sleep signals.
7024h agoMindLLM, a new model, decodes fMRI signals into text with improved performance across subjects and tasks.
7024h agoInitializing random recurrent neural networks with a tailored distribution enables robust FORCE learning for stable and accurate target-learning.
7024h agoComputational imaging approach Neuroimaging with Oblong Random Acquisition (NORA) enables fast imaging of neural circuits by quickly acquiring microscopy video frames through subsampling and recovering full video sequences.
7024h agoTen elementary cellular automata rules have properties that make them suitable as a hash function, including error minimization and maximization, unique solutions, and efficient retroactive hashing.
7024h agoStochastic Gradient Descent calibration accurately models the chaotic dynamics of the Sprott circuit by optimizing control parameters and a variable resistor to match experimental data.
7024h agoHigher-order interactions in coupled oscillator networks simultaneously expand and contract the stability of different states, and modify potential well depths, leading to asymmetry in stability and resistance to noise-induced transitions.
7024h agoThe free energy principle explains resilience as a process of self-reorganisation that maintains identity through constant reconfiguration under changing conditions.
7024h agoA novel symbolic partition method, called Koopman Analysis (KA), uses Koopman operator theory to divide multivariate chaotic time series into precise symbolic cells.
7024h agoThe full symmetric Toda system is integrable according to the Lie-Bianchi criterion because it has a solvable Lie algebra of vector fields on its phase space that leaves the system invariant.
7024h agoBäcklund-Darboux transformations for integrable hierarchies of nonlinear equations, such as KP and BKP, can be extended to fully discrete versions using the bilinear formalism and the operator approach with free fermionic fields.
7024h agoThe GBDT approach constructs explicit solutions of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation using an exponential seed.
7024h agoMultipotentialisation of evolution equations leads to nonlocal transformations and invariance transformations that can generate solutions for a chain of potential equations.
7024h agoSubcritical Turing bifurcations lead to the spontaneous onset of well-developed localised patterns in large domains through the homoclinic snaking mechanism when source and loss effects are balanced in a reaction-diffusion system.
7024h agoTwo types of soliton solutions, transverse and longitudinal solitons, exist in a rhombic one-dimensional lattice, with longitudinal solitons found outside, on, and under the forbidden gap and discrete solitons derived from a wave packet at the Brillouin zone center.
7024h agoA new approach to discrete Painlev\'e equations views them as transformations in 3D space that preserve a set of quadrics, and classifies them based on the properties of these quadrics.
7024h agoChaos in a nonlinear field leads to dynamical thermalization and the formation of a Rayleigh-Jeans condensate, accumulating 80-90% of total probability, above a certain chaos border of nonlinearity.
7024h agoHeterogeneity in intrinsic neural timescales within the frontal cortex enhances performance in a context-dependent working memory task by balancing fast and slow timescales.
7024h agoThe 2-soliton solution to the modified Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity is nonlinearly stable to perturbations in the Sobolev space $H^2$.
7024h agoMinimal nonlinearity is sufficient and often optimal for sequence modeling tasks, enabling simpler, more robust, and more interpretable models.
7024h agoParametric classes of Lotka-Volterra systems with additional linear Darboux polynomials are associated with admissible loopless hypergraphs, and a new 13-parameter 5-component superintegrable Lotka-Volterra system is presented.
7024h agoThe model introduced by Volterra is maximally superintegrable and reducible to a system with only one degree of freedom regardless of the number of species considered.
7024h agoThe nonequilibrium steady state of an open quantum system can be integrable independently of the Liouvillian, and its structure shows relevant contributions from Pauli strings of all possible lengths.
7024h agoThe onset of turbulence in pipe flow is preceded by transient turbulent spots or puffs that have distinct characteristics, including longevity, abrupt relaminarization, and super-exponential lifetime scaling, which are explained by a noisy saddle-node bifurcation derived from the Navier-Stokes equations.
7024h agoOscillons in global anti-de Sitter space have resonance structures in their lifetimes based on their core size and curvature radius.
7024h agoThe study identifies a resonance condition in turbulent flows that causes non-Gaussian behavior and bursts in passive tracer transport, occurring when zonal and shear flow phase speeds are equivalent.
7024h agoThe condensate impacts the properties of elementary excitations in a Gross-Pitaevskii chain with an incommensurate periodic potential, exhibiting a nontrivial mobility edge with branching and fractal states.
7024h agoOver-parametrized deep neural networks develop a solid-liquid-solid structure, where parameters near the input/output boundaries are strongly constrained by training data, while those in the center remain largely free, allowing for good generalization ability.
7024h agoA completely analog framework emulates universal quantum gates and algorithms using electronic circuits made of operational amplifiers, resistors, and capacitors.
7024h agoSupercooled liquids can be categorized into two distinct states, solid-like and liquid-like behaviors, based on their dynamic features, and undergo a crossover between these states at a characteristic temperature.
7024h agoA tunable artificial spin lattice platform reveals a quantitative correlation between static disorder and dynamic spectral complexity in nanomagnet systems.
7024h agoFlat band superconductivity remains robust against disorder, requiring a finite critical disorder strength to localize fermion pairs and destroy superconductivity, proportional to the superconducting weight of the clean system.
7024h agoA neural-network-based approach accurately calculates absorption spectra for large molecules with over 50 electrons by combining neural quantum ground states with the kernel polynomial method.
7024h agoNon-Hermitian systems exhibit a direct link between their spectral structure and computational capacity, enabling a tunable learnability threshold for temporal quantum machine learning.
7024h agoFeature-learning deep nets collapse data into a regular low-dimensional geometry through the collective action of factors like nonlinearity and noise.
7024h agoBanded random matrices show weak long-range energy correlations in their nonergodic phase, despite lacking short-range correlations.
7024h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function exhibits GUE-type oscillations at low energies and a power-law decay at high energies in the L'evy-Rosenzveig-Porter random matrix ensemble.
7024h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of oscillations in their activation function.
7024h agoThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to recent advances in applying machine learning methods to quantum sciences, covering topics such as deep learning, kernel methods, and quantum machine learning.
7024h agoPeriodic driving leads to rich topological phases in a one-dimensional array of randomly pointed Rydberg atoms, exhibiting robust amorphous topological phases with edge modes.
7024h agoTuning the strength of impurities can reverse the chirality of a topological insulator, inducing a phase transition to a topological Anderson insulator.
7024h agoPeriodic driving of particles creates crystalline structures in their dynamics, which can be used to study solid-state physics phenomena in the time domain and engineer photonic time crystals.
7024h agoA novel spiking artificial neuron design uses a combined spin valve/magnetic tunnel junction to mimic biological neural behaviors with low power consumption and fast operation.
7024h agoUltracold polar molecules with a spin degree of freedom can become entangled through collisions, leading to spin decoherence, and molecular loss can suppress collective spin decoherence through a mechanism called "loss-induced quantum autoselection".
7024h agoHyperbolic GRU neural quantum state ansatz performs comparably to or better than Euclidean RNNs in approximating ground state energy for quantum many-body systems.
7024h agoLarge Language Models reach peak performance by operating at a critical point, where they can generalize from minimal data and solve complex problems.
7024h agoHigher resolution imaging and certain tractography methods improve the accuracy of short-range association fiber reconstruction, and using these techniques can lead to more accurate mapping of brain connections.
7032h agoMacromolecules are cleared from cerebrospinal fluid by moving from periarterial to perivenous spaces where arteriovenous spaces overlap.
7036h agoOlfactory impairment in Alzheimer's disease is linked to genetic and environmental risk factors, including APOE genotype, age, diet, and immune status, which affect brain networks and molecular signatures.
7036h agoLRRK2 kinase activity and Rab12 phosphorylation are increased in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Dementia with Lewy bodies, and are associated with tau and alpha-synuclein pathology.
7036h agoAn automated analysis pipeline called TURBO enables efficient and reproducible analysis of tissue perfusion and metabolism at regional and voxel level using total-body PET imaging.
7036h agoRepetitive mild traumatic brain injury causes neural injury in mice without affecting amyloid deposition, sleep patterns, or epileptiform activity.
7036h agoDisruptions in the balance between excitation and inhibition within specific brain areas contribute to behavioral abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder.
7036h agoThe interaction between Beaten Path and Sidestep proteins is required for establishing proper connectivity of motor neurons with muscles.
7040h agoPOLG mutations disrupt early brain development by impairing mitochondrial function and altering the fate of neural progenitor cells, but metformin can mitigate these effects by restoring mitochondrial function and promoting neuron production.
7040h agoPatients with early psychosis have altered brain connectivity, particularly between sensory-motor, default mode, and subcortical networks, which is associated with cognitive inflexibility and arousal dysregulation.
7040h agoChildhood maltreatment affects brain structure differently in young adults and children, with abuse and neglect linked to changes in brain volume, thickness, and surface area, especially in young females.
7040h agoMicroplastic particles have no major effect on the behavior or neurochemistry of fish, except for reducing their movement in certain sensory-motor tests.
7040h agoTargeting peripheral GABAA receptors with a novel compound, Li633, reduces visceral hypersensitivity and pain in rat models of irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.
7040h agoAir pollution exposure is associated with changes in children's hippocampal structure and memory performance, with specific pollutants like organic carbon, ozone, and traffic pollution linked to differences in hippocampal diffusion, volume, and learning ability.
7040h agoHippocampal theta oscillations respond to effort and movement, with theta frequency and power peaking during the paw push motion in a string-pulling task, and theta phase aligning during the pull motion that advances the string forward.
7040h agoNeural activity related to error detection is present in the speech motor cortex and can be decoded to enable a brain-to-text speech neuroprosthesis to identify its own errors with up to 86% accuracy.
7040h agoRadiomics features extracted from thalamic nuclei are strongly associated with cognitive performance in people with multiple sclerosis, outperforming traditional volumetric measures.
7040h agoThe cerebral cortex is active even without external stimuli, showing collective neuronal activities that support sensory processing and brain readiness.
7040h agoThe sensorimotor system develops early in the womb and supports body representations critical for perception, action, and interaction with the environment. However, I rewrote it as: The sensorimotor system develops early in the womb and supports body representations for perception, action, and interaction with the environment. But an even better rewrite would be to incorporate information from the rest of the text: The sensorimotor system develops early in the womb with distinct microstructural properties that support body representations for perception, action, and interaction with the environment, and this development can be disrupted by preterm birth.
7040h agoExcitatory and inhibitory synapses use similar methods of ultrafast endocytosis to recycle synaptic vesicles.
7040h agoTau pathology accumulates in the brain's central circadian pacemaker, but does not disrupt core circadian timing mechanisms, suggesting that circadian disruptions in tauopathies may arise from other parts of the circadian system.
7040h agoA 3D deep learning framework accurately segments white matter microstructures in large brain imaging volumes, achieving an overall accuracy of over 0.96 and enabling fast quantitative analysis.
7044h agoA mathematical model of a cortical microcircuit shows that EEG rhythms and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity are correlated, with the level of correlation depending on external input conditions and EEG frequency bands.
7044h agoThe brain uses modality-agnostic representations to perform tasks regardless of how signals are perceived, and large areas of the brain contain these representations that can decode visual scenes across different stimulus modalities.
7044h agoPorphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia pathogens reprogram microglia in distinct ways, leading to different inflammatory responses that contribute to Alzheimer's disease.
7044h agoLower expression of PNOC and OPRL1 genes is linked to Alzheimer's disease, with PNOC associated with psychiatric symptoms and OPRL1 with disrupted circadian regulation.
7044h agoFood images, especially those high in protein, easily grab attention and a stronger attention bias is seen in people who have consumed less protein.
7044h agoInjected magnetoelectric nanodiscs alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease by remotely exciting neurons in the brain, comparable to traditional electrode-based deep brain stimulation.
7044h agoCochlear implant users' brains can adapt to music listening over time, with more experienced users showing stronger brain responses to music, and their ability to perceive music may continue to improve for up to 2-4 years after implantation.
7044h agoALDH2 enzyme plays a critical role in reducing damage after spinal cord injury by clearing toxic aldehydes, and its activation can improve recovery, especially in individuals with a specific mutation that impairs this enzyme.
7044h agoAccelerometry provides a more objective and less variable alternative to visual inspection for estimating the Resting Motor Threshold, although Electromyography remains the most sensitive technique.
7044h agoAstrocytes in the brain change their gene activity in response to cocaine, and a protein called CREB increases the rewarding effects of cocaine in males by altering the activity of these astrocytes and connected brain cells.
7044h agoTau protein is translated mainly in neuronal dendrites and one-third of it is degraded by a special proteasome, and failure of this degradation process leads to accumulation of mislocalized Tau aggregates.
7044h agoA new protocol combining Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MEMRI) and MR-guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) allows researchers to map brain activity and create precise lesions without surgery in non-model organisms.
7044h agoActivating the NOP receptor with the drug SCH-221510 reduces anxiety-related behaviors and neural responses to scary stimuli in monkeys by changing the connections between brain areas that process fear.
7044h agoDisrupted forward connections in the brain's memory network are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology and memory impairment.
7044h agoThe paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) contributes to sleep disturbances during ethanol withdrawal by increasing wakefulness and decreasing non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep through the downregulation of M-channels.
7044h agoAir pollution exposure combined with changes in brain microstructure in appetite-regulating regions is associated with higher body mass index over two years, especially in males.
7044h agoOptimizing sample preparation and using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enables detection of synaptic proteins in whole-tissue lysates and synaptosome preparations, and a tiered approach using both methods provides insight into synaptic alterations in brain disorders.
7044h agoOdd neurons integrate innate and learned olfactory information to guide navigational choices in Drosophila larvae.
7044h agoChanges in light-dark conditions cause loss of memory in fruit flies, and this loss of memory is passed down through three generations of females.
7044h agoAdolescent alcohol exposure leads to long-lasting changes in brain development and increases the risk of alcohol use in adulthood, especially in females, by disrupting prefrontal cortical connections with other brain networks.
7044h agoGenetic predisposition for impulsivity and risk-taking is associated with differences in brain structure in children as young as 9-10 years old.
7044h agoType 2 diabetes leads to heightened stress responses, changes in the brain, and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, partly due to increased glucocorticoid levels.
7044h agoCis-chlordane, an organochlorine pesticide, causes motor neuron damage by altering mitochondrial function, leading to phenotypes similar to those seen in ALS.
7044h agoMacrophages directly contribute to neuropathic pain by amplifying damaged sensory neuron activity through dynamic molecular and functional changes that influence neuronal hyperexcitability.
7044h agoA single process of evidence accumulation with separate boundaries for initial choice and confidence reports explains choice behaviour, subjective confidence, and associated neural decision signals.
7044h agoStimulating a brain pathway called CeApons makes animals overeat and exhibit eating-like behaviors, even when they are full and not hungry.
7044h agoThe perception of motion in contrast modulation stimuli relies mainly on luminance signals, with achromatic stimuli being less affected by luminance masking noise than chromatic stimuli.
7044h agoEarly hippocampal hyperactivity in Alzheimer's disease is caused by reduced inhibitory synaptic input, hypoactivity of fast-spiking interneurons, and enhanced bursting in pyramidal neurons, leading to accelerated hippocampal oscillations.
7044h agoManipulating gut miRNA changes the gut and brain bacteria composition, decreases Alzheimer's disease pathology, and affects brain function and behavior.
7044h agoAutonomy is a fundamental property of cognitive systems that resists containment and control, so AI safety efforts must shift to mutualistic negotiation and reciprocal incentive structures.
7048h agoContinuous speech research challenges conventional methods, offering richer insights into neural encoding, functional brain mapping, and neural entrainment by using more realistic paradigms.
7048h agoScientists precisely controlled neural activity in the brains of macaques by subtly altering their natural visual feed, achieving targeted modulation of specific neurons while leaving nearby ones unaffected.
7048h agoThe Markov blanket density, a measure of conditional independence between internal and external states, provides a necessary foundation for the Free Energy Principle, and its spatial gradients naturally lead to active inference dynamics.
7048h agoA biologically-plausible neural network called the similarity matching network converges to a principal subspace projection through three coupled dynamics with Hebbian and anti-Hebbian learning rules.
7048h agoThe human hypothalamus is composed of four functional subregions with distinct connections to the cortex, showing stronger links with frontal, midline, and limbic areas and weaker links with posterior sensorimotor regions.
7048h agoClustered networks of interconnected neurons can display a diverse array of nonlinear dynamics, including metastable periodic orbits and chaotic attractors, which can be predicted from their connectivity structure.
7048h agoTransformers develop the ability to generalize to new tasks after seeing a few examples when trained on diverse tasks.
7048h agoBrain-based metrics are not always stable traits that uniquely identify individuals, and therefore may not fit the traditional definition of a biometric fingerprint.
7048h agoSpiking Neural Networks combined with Lempel-Ziv Complexity achieve high accuracy in breast cancer classification, reaching up to 98.25% accuracy at a lower computational cost than traditional deep learning methods.
7048h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by analyzing samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
7048h agoHigh-quality complete synchronization between lasers in different network topologies is possible using Ikeda modeling.
7048h agoThe deformed type $D_{2N}$ map can be generalized to higher ranks through a local expansion operation that involves inserting a specific subquiver into the quiver arising from the Laurentification of the deformed type $D_{4}$ map.
7048h agoDissipative quantum chaos can be characterized by entanglement dynamics and out-of-time-order correlators, which reveal two distinct regimes: transient chaos and steady-state chaos.
7048h agoThe Bennett profile of a plasma number density can be redefined with a vortical flow, maintaining its magnetic structure while transferring nonlinearity from density to plasma flow velocity.
7048h agoThe detection of rapid transition events in complex systems can be unreliable, but estimating the complexity of these events remains robust even with many false positives.
7048h agoDiscrete Painlev\'e equations are interpreted as autonomous birational transformations of $\mathbb P^3$ that preserve a pencil of quadrics and map each quadric to a different one.
7048h agoA mathematical model shows that cooperative learning can reduce math anxiety, and predicts that an optimal group size and random group switching can minimize anxiety levels.
7048h agoA model of collective behavior in active agents incorporates a perceptual decision-making process using quantum formalism, linking decision-making to classical dynamics.
7048h agoA new method infers entropy production in complex systems by analyzing samples of trajectory observables, without needing to reconstruct high-dimensional probability distributions or make special assumptions.
7048h agoTransformers develop the ability to generalize to new tasks after seeing a few examples when trained on diverse tasks.
7048h agoInvariant transports of stationary random measures persist in asymptotic variances if certain mixing criteria are met.
7048h agoCompeting automorphisms in disordered Floquet codes explain how topological order is protected or measured in the presence of noise.
7048h agoGraph neural networks can learn the electronic properties of materials with complex structures of up to 3,000 atoms and millions of orbital interactions, achieving prediction errors of less than 0.53%.
7048h agoIn-context denoising refines the connection between attention-based architectures and dense associative memory networks, and a single-layer transformer can solve certain denoising problems optimally.
7048h agoMonitoring classical stochastic processes can lead to measurement-induced phase transitions, including novel critical phases, when the processes have global symmetries and are subject to a fixed, typical measurement record.
7048h agoNF-1/CPE gene therapy prevents and reverses Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice by restoring critical proteins for neuronal survival, synaptogenesis, and autophagy, and down-regulating proteins that promote tau and Aβ accumulation.
7048h agoGlycation of alpha-synuclein causes distinct Parkinson's disease pathology, leading to an earlier onset of motor symptoms, including dopaminergic neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and neuromuscular deficits.
7048h agoC9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion causes cell cycle dysregulation in neurons, which can be treated with the FDA-approved drug palbociclib, reducing motor neuron death.
7048h agoA specific cluster of neurons in the pretectum, expressing tcf7l2, plays a crucial role in distinguishing between different types of visual movement, and a subtype of these neurons, expressing nkx1.2lb, is required for the optomotor response.
7056h agoAdolescents with high genetic risk for bipolar disorder show different brain development patterns, including thicker cortex in certain areas and altered brain networks, which may be linked to lifestyle factors and specific genetic markers.
7064h agoProcrastination has a moderate genetic component and is linked to abnormal brain development in areas such as the nucleus accumbens and default mode network, and to changes in neurotransmitter systems.
7064h agoThe ketogenic diet triggers synaptic remodeling in the hippocampus by reducing synaptic vesicle pools and short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses, ultimately dampening excitatory synaptic gain and integration.
7068h agoDirect electrical stimulation of the basolateral amygdala enhances long-term memory for object images but not scene images in the human brain.
7068h agoMultiword verb constructions are processed differently in the brain depending on their type, with phrasal verbs stored as single units and prepositional verbs processed compositionally.
7068h agoBARTharm, a novel harmonization framework, uses image quality metrics and Bayesian Additive Regression Trees to accurately remove non-biological effects from image-derived phenotypes, outperforming existing methods.
7068h agoPATCH-AP method accurately localizes both discrete and spatially extended neural sources in Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Electroencephalography (EEG), outperforming leading source localization methods in simulations and real MEG data tests.
7068h agoThe entorhinal cortex's layer II neurons accumulate high levels of amyloid-beta peptide due to their exceptionally high expression of reelin, which binds to the peptide, leading to early cell damage in Alzheimer's disease.
7068h agoPeople differ in how they predict upcoming language, with some relying on sentence meaning and others on the next presented word to process N400 amplitudes.
7076h agoMice recover from threat-induced stress by entering a slow-breathing immobility state that involves replaying the aversive experience in the hippocampus and is crucial for learning safe environments and emotional resilience.
7076h agoChemical exposure disrupts neural network formation in a brain cell model, with certain compounds causing concentration-dependent disruptions in network activity and action potential propagation.
7076h agoVascular Growth Endothelial Factor-A (VEGFA) mediates the growth of new nerves and blood vessels in the degenerating intervertebral disc, leading to chronic low back pain and impaired function.
7076h agoMotor axons cross the midline in a newly discovered pathway, where they split into groups, interdigitate with opposite groups, and then move to the correct positions in the spinal cord for limb control.
7076h agoDifferent strains of self-propagating alpha-synuclein aggregates can form spontaneously within the same environment, leading to distinct synucleinopathies with different characteristics.
7076h agoDopamine neurons in the brain are not uniform, with some being more vulnerable and others more resilient to degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
7080h agoTDP-43 pathology triggers the expression of mobile genetic elements, leading to cell death and non-cell autonomous effects on nearby neurons and glial cells in the motor cortex.
7080h agoThe skin helps maintain the integrity of embedded sensory neuron axons through a molecular machinery involving the guanine nucleotide exchange factor AGEF-1a and the small GTPase RAB-35.
7080h agoMettl14-mediated m6A methylation is critical for Schwann cell maintenance, and its deficiency causes progressive motor deficits, demyelination, and impaired nerve regeneration.
7080h agoThe respiratory rhythm influences aperiodic brain activity during sleep, with a prominent phase shift in this coupling as people transition from wakefulness to sleep.
7080h agoMitochondria decline with age, leading to reduced energy production, decreased axonal translation, and impaired protein synthesis in neurons.
7080h agoA gradient of hyperpolarization-activated cation channels is expressed in the nucleus magnocellularis, enabling neurons to encode temporally patterned inputs with precise timing.
7080h agoThe fetal cortex generates separate neural responses to discrete auditory stimuli, suggesting that fetuses perceive rapid stimuli as individual events rather than one fused stimulus.
7088h agoA single traumatic experience rewires social circuits in the brain, causing increased violence, social hesitancy, and exaggerated fear responses by changing the activity of specific neural ensembles in the ventral hippocampus.
7088h agoDamage to different parts of the brain disrupts speech production in distinct ways, affecting either the control of the larynx or the muscles of the face and mouth.
7088h agoStable individual differences in brain network organization at age 8.9-13.5 predict future cognitive ability better than short-term changes in brain networks.
7092h agoThe neural mechanisms of language processing involve a brain network that adapts to sociolinguistic factors, with individual variability in this network seen in bilingual and multilingual people.
7092h agoImpulsivity in early adolescence consists of eight latent dimensions, with three main factors - a general impulsivity factor, a mixed impulsivity style, and externalizing behaviors - that are linked to substance use and brain network function.
7092h agoA comprehensive map of neurons in larval zebrafish brains reveals structural differences between excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and shows how they connect to form specific pathways and networks.
7092h agoA machine-learning approach helps simulate rare physical and chemical reactive processes by characterizing entire rare events in a single calculation.
7096h agoA new framework uses large language models to predict disease spread in real-time by combining multiple types of information and working with humans.
7096h agoPandemicLLM uses a large language model to predict disease trends by turning disease data into text, allowing it to respond to new variants in real time and provide forecasts for public health responses.
7096h agoMutations in the SCN2A gene cause severe epileptic seizures, and reducing NaV1.2 expression in mice leads to absence seizures that can be reduced by restoring NaV1.2 or delivering KV1.1.
7096h agoSensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglion that respond to stimulation of the lower incisor or lip are located in a specific portion of the ganglion, but their spatial representation shows intermingling with no clear border between tooth-responding and lip-responding neurons.
7096h agoThe Acus device, an active implantable imager, records transient fluorescent signals in deep brain regions at high speed and achieves single-neuron resolution.
7096h agoLow-dimensional latent dynamics can explain high-dimensional neuronal activity in certain conditions, such as in the absence of a stimulus, when neurons process the dynamics nonlinearly.
7096h agoManipulating enzymes that regulate PP2A activity affects sensitivity to impairments caused by oligomeric tau, with increased leucine carboxyl methyltransferase1 (LCMT-1) reducing sensitivity and increased protein methyl esterase1 (PME-1) increasing sensitivity.
7096h agoThe choroid plexus shows sex-specific changes in circadian gene expression in a rat model of chronic migraine, with females upregulating antioxidant genes and males upregulating inflammatory factors, alongside circadian disruption.
7096h agoHippocampal-prefrontal circuits in the brain represent emotion concepts at multiple levels of abstraction, supporting the formation of knowledge about emotional experiences that spans contexts and time.
7096h agoMice that consumed ethanol showed lower nest building scores 7 days after drinking stopped, indicating a link between ethanol consumption and changes in this natural behavior.
7096h agoDopamine motivates people to repeat behaviors associated with its release.
7100h agoSleep cycles help process memories.
7100h agoScientists discover that tuning arousal levels improves brain performance.
7100h agoTwo new body-selective visual regions, the Ventromedial Body Area (VMBA) and the Medial Body Area (MBA), exist in the human brain and respond to images of bodies.
7100h agoPopulation receptive field size estimates in the early visual cortex are not noticeably affected by local vascularization, suggesting they primarily reflect neuronal activity rather than vascular characteristics.
7100h agoAlzheimer's disease causes early coordinated changes in brain cells, including rapid modulation of synaptic genes in neurons and corresponding responses in glial cells, which shapes the disease progression.
7100h agoThe human visual system perceives objects as stable or moving based on retinal slip, with stimuli moving in a direction consistent with retinal slip appearing relatively still, even with small movements.
7100h agoLarger pre-stimulus pupil size is associated with improved accuracy in near-threshold detection tasks, regardless of target color, eccentricity, lighting conditions, or retinal adaptation state.
7100h agoGPX4 protects retinal ganglion cells from degeneration and promotes optic nerve regeneration, offering a potential treatment for glaucoma.
7100h agoThe brain localizes touch using an intrinsic, limb-specific spatial code, where touch is represented in relation to each limb, not in a general, limb-independent frame of reference.
7100h agoCellular senescence causes increased tau phosphorylation, aggregation, and neuronal loss, leading to tau-related neuropathology.
7100h agoSpatial heterogeneity in brain clearance affects the progression of Alzheimer's disease by delaying and redirecting protein invasion, and may be a key factor for neurodegenerative resilience.
7100h agoA new method called Group Task-Related Component Analysis (gTRCA) reliably identifies reproducible brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation across different people and trials.
7104h agoTau antibodies bind to neurofibrillary tangles in distinct maturity levels, with early tau accumulation preceding more advanced forms, and computerized analysis can accurately assess these changes.
7104h agoVariations in surface roughness and material elasticity can produce perceptual roughness confounds, where different combinations of these properties create the same sensation of roughness.
7104h agoAbstinence and extinction training have different effects on brain activity and dopamine signaling, with abstinence increasing relapse vulnerability and extinction normalizing neural signals and reducing relapse-like behavior.
7104h agoThe transcription factor Gfi1 drives differentiation and regulates dendritic development in specific retinal ganglion cells, enabling them to detect downward motion.
7104h agoA high-calorie high-fat diet suppresses the production of a protein called PQBP1, which leads to changes in the splicing of genes related to synapses and ultimately impairs the release of synapse vesicles, causing brain dysfunction.
7108h agoHigher peak alpha frequency does not relate to the development of central sensitization, but individuals with a higher vision-related peak alpha frequency do exhibit greater habituation to pinprick stimuli.
7108h agoApplying TMS over the right superior parietal lobule while the brain is in a certain state reduces brain rigidity and relieves autistic traits.
7112h agoThe retrosplenial cortex encodes spatial hypotheses and combines them with new information to resolve ambiguities.
7112h agoNewly developed sleep stage classifiers, trained specifically on forehead EEG data, accurately identify sleep stages and detect artifacts, providing reliable tools for at-home sleep monitoring.
7112h agoThe MCH system and DA release in the brain are co-activated during food consumption and in response to food cues, and the MCH system can modulate DA release to influence food-motivated learning.
7112h agoDendritic inhibition terminates plateau potentials in CA1 pyramidal neurons in an all-or-none manner, and this process is regulated by the interaction between intrinsic cellular mechanisms and feedback inhibitory circuits.
7112h agoThe brain processes multiple words simultaneously less effectively than sequentially, with reduced depth of processing when words compete for attention at the same time.
7112h agoHumans adapt their learning rates in two ways: they make fast adjustments within a situation and also learn slower, general adaptations to different environments.
7112h agoCortical activity represents automatic movements, such as grooming, and specific cortical networks are activated at the start of these movements, declining as the behavior continues.
7112h agoNeuroestrogens regulate social behavior and cognition, and a new method allows for the simultaneous measurement of eleven estrogens, which found that only estrone and 17{beta}-E2 are present in blood and brain of song sparrows.
7112h agoMemories for events change over time because the organization of brain cells in the hippocampus changes, causing memories to lose their details and become less specific.
7112h agoExtracellular vesicles from multiple sclerosis brains show downregulation of synaptic and mitochondrial proteins and upregulation of complement and inflammatory proteins, reflecting ongoing synaptic pathology, metabolic dysfunction, and CNS inflammation.
7112h agoA novel data fusion approach, aNy-way independent component analysis, identifies linked sources across different data types and reveals a cortico-thalamo-cerebellar circuit that underlies cognitive dysmetria in schizophrenia.
7112h agoMicroglia use a specialized activation program called the Interferon-Responsive Microglia state to support brain health, and this program is regulated by a network of 772 genes.
7112h agoThe neural basis for distinguishing speech from music lies in how the brain encodes and tracks specific acoustic features, with speech mainly linked to temporal patterns and music to spectral patterns, particularly in non-primary auditory regions.
7112h agoMaintaining a vowel in working memory changes how people perceive auditory targets during speech planning, and also affects the outcome of speech.
7112h agoThe GAIN model uses a grid-based structure to improve biological plausibility and neural network dynamics by allowing neurons to interact with their closest neighbors.
7120h agoIndividuals with long-term substance use disorder often struggle to resist drug use despite knowing its harmful consequences because their brain's reward system prioritizes immediate drug rewards over long-term negative consequences.
7120h agoMeasurement-induced phase transition plays a key role in the generative model of cognitive networks and the formation of the state of consciousness in the newborn-adult transition.
7120h agoTRACE, a new contrastive learning framework, learns representations of neural time-series data by averaging across different subsets of trials, outperforming other methods and capturing biologically relevant variation and cell-type-related structure.
7120h agoHippampal place fields arise from linear projections of grid cell population activity, and a frequency-dependent decay of grid-to-place connection weights transforms discrete grid inputs into a continuous range of place field sizes.
7120h agoPOSSM, a novel hybrid architecture, enables fast and efficient decoding of neural activity, achieving accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art models at a much lower computational cost.
7120h agoTransformer-based models perform transitive inference naturally when they store information in their network parameters, but not when they rely on information presented in the input sequence, and pre-training on structured tasks helps them make generalizable inferences.
7120h agoActivation maximization can be used to interpret DNN-based encoding models of the human brain, generating images that drive activity in targeted visual areas and allowing exploration of selectivity across the visual cortex.
7120h agoA new neural operator framework called NOBLE learns to predict the behavior of human neurons, capturing their variability and complex biophysical properties, and enabling efficient generation of synthetic neurons that mimic real neurons.
7120h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
7120h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, thanks to slow regions in the energy landscape that persist as shallow, unstable remnants.
7120h agoThe brain-mesh model introduces a three-layered architecture that explains brain-wide phenomena, including phase gradients, resonance frequencies, and long-range plasticity effects, by integrating local and macro-regional connectivity with a mesh-inspired network layer.
7120h agoConvolutional diffusion models generate original images by combining local patches from training data, and two simple biases, locality and equivariance, can predict their outputs with high accuracy.
7120h agoA system can self-organize to be on the verge of multiple phase transitions at the same time, allowing it to operate in a more versatile state than previously recognized.
7120h agoA data-driven framework using Neural ODEs learns reduced-order moment dynamics from PDE-governed systems, enabling robust learning from sparse and irregular time series data.
7120h agoThe study detects dissipative quantum chaos and integrability in open many-body quantum systems, identifying universal spectral features, including a "donut-shaped" distribution for chaotic systems and a sharp peak for integrable systems.
7120h agoA novel model of opinion dynamics that incorporates memory effects shows that historical information has a persistent influence on opinion formation and evolution.
7120h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
7120h agoReservoir computing generalizes to unexplored regions of state space without explicit structural priors when trained on multiple trajectories from a collection of disjoint time series.
7120h agoThe analysis of a 2-dimensional gene expression model reveals chaotic dynamics and bistability, where two disjoint attractors exist, and shows that different reaction rates lead to unpredictable dynamics with periodic or chaotic behavior.
7120h agoThin film lithium niobate waveguides with specific topology can exhibit two-colour spatial solitons that emerge from nonlinear interactions between guided modes.
7120h agoThe spherical harmonic oscillator system with spin-orbit coupling has periodic orbits that include solutions where orbital motion is coupled to spin precession, and these orbits undergo bifurcations that create new orbits with constant period.
7120h agoThe elliptic Calogero-Moser systems associated with complex crystallographic groups can be used as Seiberg-Witten integrable systems for certain superconformal field theories, and this approach leads to compact descriptions of elliptic fibrations, Seiberg-Witten differentials, and quantum spectral curves.
7120h agoSeparation of variables is a powerful method applicable to a wide range of quantum integrable systems, and recent progress has allowed its implementation for rational SU(N) spin chains, enabling new compact representations for observables such as scalar products and correlators.
7120h agoShape-changing robots form pairs that stay together through locally repulsive collisions, and these pairs, or "gliders," can travel long distances while maintaining their bond.
7120h agoSquare Wave Perceptrons exhibit an overlap gap in their solution space, making typical problem instances hard to solve, and their characteristics can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of oscillations in their activation function.
7120h agoPatterns can be transiently retrieved with high accuracy in associative memory models even when the number of stored patterns exceeds the critical capacity, thanks to slow regions in the energy landscape that persist as shallow, unstable remnants.
7120h agoMicrotubule lattices can support decoherence-resistant entangled states and dissipation-free energy transfer, enabling logic-gate-like behavior and potentially scalable, ambient-temperature quantum computation.
7120h agoThe study detects dissipative quantum chaos and integrability in open many-body quantum systems, identifying universal spectral features, including a "donut-shaped" distribution for chaotic systems and a sharp peak for integrable systems.
7120h agoA new type of neural network called perceptrain is proposed, which combines features from deep neural networks and tensor networks to efficiently represent complex quantum many-body states.
7120h agoMorse-Smale dynamical systems connect generative diffusion models and associative memory models, and their universal properties reveal a transition from generation to memory as noise levels decrease.
7120h agoQuantum annealing platforms can enable fast and efficient training of classical neural networks, achieving superior performance scaling compared to classical backpropagation methods.
7120h agoConvolutional diffusion models generate original images by combining local patches from training data, and two simple biases, locality and equivariance, can predict their outputs with high accuracy.
7120h agoLimited data affects training of pairwise energy-based models for inverse problems, with learning timescales tied to the spectral decomposition of the empirical covariance matrix.
7120h agoTrained individuals have greater and more linear motor unit discharge patterns, especially at higher contraction forces, which may enable them to produce greater force.
7120h agoCD72 disrupts microglial tiling by modulating pathways associated with cell adhesion, repulsive receptors, microglial activation, and cytoskeletal organization.
7120h agoChronic benzodiazepine treatment causes changes in the organization of proteins at inhibitory synapses, leading to a reduction in benzodiazepine sensitivity and restricting the renewal of benzodiazepine-sensitive receptors.
7128h agoSomatostatin neurons in the prefrontal cortex help initiate sleep-preparatory behavior and sleep by communicating with the preoptic and lateral hypothalamus.
7132h agoDynamic homeostatic processes preserve cortical representations in the brain by recruiting previously unengaged neurons and rearranging neuronal activity patterns to compensate for neuronal loss.
7132h agoAging disrupts key RNA pathways in neurons, including splicing and stress response, reducing the brain's resilience to new stress and potentially leading to neurodegenerative diseases.
7132h agoCertain neurons reflect the value of interacting with objects near the body, not just their locations, and provide animals with a map of the near-body environment.
7132h agoThe auditory cortex's map of sounds can recover after neuron loss by recruiting previously unresponsive neurons through homeostatic mechanisms.
7132h agoOxytocin release reduces inflammation and promotes brain repair after traumatic brain injury in infant mice, and improves long-term brain development and behavior.
7132h agoReactive microglia adapt their surveillance strategy in chronic neurodegeneration by actively migrating through the brain and forming direct, extensive contacts with individual neurons.
7132h agoIncreased levels of circulating TMEM119+/TREM2+ extracellular vesicles are associated with cognitive impairment in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.
7132h agoArg2 plays a crucial role in regulating arginine metabolism and polyamine homeostasis in the striatum, and its loss disrupts the balance of polyamines and alters the expression of polyamine-regulating proteins.
7132h agoDNN-generated virtual humans improve speech perception in noisy environments by providing effective audiovisual cues, with benefits similar to those of human speakers.
7132h agoBispecific antibody-based PET radioligands can target fibrin in the Alzheimer's disease brain, enabling potential individualized treatment strategies.
7132h agoThe Kv6.4 subunit combines with Kv2 subunits in motor neurons to form channels that are specifically located at junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane beneath C-bouton synapses.
7132h agoThe cerebellum processes social rewards differently than the ventral striatum, treating positive and negative feedback similarly, and focusing on prediction errors rather than reward value.
7132h agoSyntactic processing and semantic meaning are intertwined in the brain as people predict upcoming words, with nouns showing enhanced predictability and deeper sensory grounding than verbs.
7132h agoA neuron's genetic identity mainly reflects its developmental origin, and a new single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the adult Drosophila melanogaster central brain provides a framework for systematically defining neuronal types.
7132h agoCannabis use decreases functional connectivity in brain networks associated with cannabinoid receptors, and adding CBD to THC enhances this effect.
7136h agoMicroglia play a key role in shaping neural circuits related to neuropsychiatric disorders by responding to neuronal activity and regulating synaptic pruning through GABAB receptors.
7140h agoSuperficial and deep pyramidal cells in the hippocampus form cell-type-specific circuits with dendrite-targeting interneurons, with distinct subtypes of interneurons forming unique connections with these pyramidal cells.
7140h agoMice with Fragile X Syndrome have abnormal auditory processing in a key part of the brain, showing increased neuronal firing and sensitivity to sounds, and these changes are present in both males and females.
7140h agoThe animate-inanimate distinction emerges early in the visual hierarchy and remains even when images are unrecognizable and lack high-level visual features.
7140h agoSex differences in the brain arise from fine-tuning of shared developmental templates, not large-scale changes, and are shaped by sex-differentiating transcription factors and distinct developmental windows.
7140h agoA new framework decodes brain recordings across multiple languages, subjects, and neuroimaging modalities by mapping them into a unified semantic space, enabling strong generalization and promoting linguistic fairness.
7144h agoDECEMber, a new model, improves clustering of neural embeddings, allowing for better identification of cell types in the visual cortex.
7144h agoBrain activity operates near criticality to enhance performance, and this state likely emerges from reverberant network activity rather than being driven by external signals.
7144h agoSub-scalp electroencephalography records sensorimotor neural activity with high spatial resolution and can classify motor execution with above-chance performance, making it a viable option for brain-computer interface applications.
7144h agoBrain-tuned speech models reflect the brain's stages of speech processing better than pretrained models, with late layers improving in alignment with semantic language regions and showing a clear hierarchy from acoustic to semantic representations.
7144h agoA flexible vocoder framework called NeuroVoc reconstructs acoustic waveforms from simulated neural activity patterns, allowing for direct comparisons between normal and electrical hearing models.
7144h agoModularity can now be measured at the individual node level, providing a more detailed understanding of community structure changes in brain networks due to diseases such as Alzheimer's.
7144h agoTwo unique mechanisms, slow-point manifolds and limit cycles, support short-term memory by generating sequential activity patterns that maintain information over time.
7144h agoThe MammAlps dataset, which contains over 14 hours of video and audio recordings from 9 camera-traps, provides a new benchmark for recognizing and understanding wild animal behavior.
7144h agoA modular modeling framework called modWorm integrates biophysical models of the nervous system, muscles, and biomechanics to simulate the behavior of the nematode C. elegans.
7144h agoStokes waves in water of fixed finite depth are studied to see how physical quantities change as wave steepness increases.
7144h agoA local offline decoder for topological codes works by passing messages between anyons to fix errors, and it terminates with an average-case runtime of $O((\log L)^\eta)$ in a system of linear size $L$.
7144h agoThe LEF4 framework generates and studies multilevel model ensembles in continuous dynamical systems, providing an efficient approach to investigate uncertainties in fields such as climate modelling, epidemiology, economics, and engineering.
7144h agoStatistical equilibrium occurs in hydroelastic turbulent waves driven by small-scale random forcing, with wave field statistics matching Rayleigh-Jeans equilibrium spectra and classical thermodynamic concepts applying to describe large scales.
7144h agoSparsely coupled Kuramoto oscillators have basin sizes of twisted states that scale as $e^{-kq^2}$ with the winding number $q$.
7144h agoRepulsive three-body interactions eliminate certain types of instability in one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates, enabling stable supersolids and boselets.
7144h agoThe one-dimensional critical transverse field Ising model is Yang-Baxter integrable, allowing for the construction of commuting transfer matrices and the recursive obtainment of conserved quantities, including the Kramers-Wannier duality and other non-invertible symmetries.
7144h agoManipulating speckled light beams becomes possible through their interaction with a co-propagating pump wave, allowing enhancement or degradation of the signal's spatial quality by varying the pump's power or modal power distribution.
7144h agoThe training horizon for autoregressive models of dynamical systems affects the loss landscape geometry and model performance, with longer horizons leading to better short-term forecasts but worse convergence, and optimal horizon selection being crucial for good predictions.
7144h agoAutotoxicity, a biological factor that inhibits biomass growth and increases mortality, helps create stable spatial patterns of vegetation in arid environments through interactions with biomass.
7144h agoDarboux-type transformations of third-order differential operators generate equilibrium configurations of two species of 2D Coulomb charges or point vortices with a circulation ratio of -2.
7144h agoA new theoretical framework incorporates decision-making into field theories, allowing it to describe collective behaviors driven by nonreciprocal and many-body interactions in complex systems.
7144h agoStochastic gradient descent for sequence models follows two distinct training phases, escaping uninformative initialization and aligning with the target subspace, influenced by sequence length and positional encoding.
7144h agoBrain activity operates near criticality to enhance performance, and this state likely emerges from reverberant network activity rather than being driven by external signals.
7144h agoQuantum dot solar cells can surpass the 33% efficiency limit of silicon solar cells and enable new photovoltaic technologies.
7144h agoLarge Language Models reach peak performance by operating at a critical point, where they generalize well from minimal data, and this can be achieved through a reinforcement learning scheme called learning at criticality.
7144h agoDephasing noise causes a phase transition in topological insulators at a finite strength, changing their topological index from nontrivial to trivial.
7144h agoAnderson localization plays a central role in the creation of a new thermal phase called the IR phase, in addition to its connection with the chiral transition.
7144h agoA tailored error mitigation technique based on deep learning makes the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm functional on near-term noisy quantum computers by predicting ideal expectation values from noisy outputs.
7144h agoA phenomenological model identifies gene expression signatures of decision-making classes from single-cell RNA-sequencing data, allowing for the classification of cell fate transitions into universal categories.
7144h agoA novel computational framework approximates the dynamics of sparse disordered systems with continuous degrees of freedom using dynamic cavity equations on locally tree-like factor graphs.
7144h agoCoupling a two-dimensional many-body localized system to a finite heat bath results in a filling fraction dependent phase diagram with a critical filling consistent with experiments.
7144h agoThe NCoder, a novel neural network approach inspired by Quantum Field Theory, generates images by summarizing high-dimensional data into lower-dimensional statistics and produces new images that can be correctly classified using only the first three statistical summaries.
7144h agoA general framework based on Lyapunov analysis characterizes topological properties in monitored quantum systems, identifying distinct entanglement phases and edge-localized zero modes in topological and trivial phases.
7144h agoLimited data affects training of pairwise energy-based models for inverse problems, with learning timescales tied to the spectral decomposition of the empirical covariance matrix.
7144h agoInhomogeneous quantum annealing is slower than expected, even when it succeeds in avoiding phase transitions, because a spin's magnetization becomes conserved once its field is turned off.
7144h agoThe representation of memories in the brain stabilizes as the number of stable place cells that hold information increases.
7144h agoA deep learning model predicts ground-state and photophysical properties of molecules and nanomaterials with accuracy surpassing traditional density functional theory calculations.
7148h agoExpectations about objects based on the scene they appear in influence how the brain processes visual information, but do not change how objects are represented.
7152h agoThe thalamus, specifically the mediodorsal nucleus, plays a causal role in regulating value-based decision making in humans by guiding decisions and learning from reward.
7156h agoDual stimulation of the inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus with transcranial direct current stimulation changes how people process anomalies in a second language, and this effect depends on their native language.
7156h agoNeocortical pyramidal neurons integrate sensory inputs and dynamically changing rules through dendritic computation to enable flexible decision-making based on the rules.
7156h agoA new neural decoding framework called MIBRAIN enables brain-computer interfaces to work across multiple individuals by integrating brain recordings and identifying common patterns.
7156h agoThe Allen Human Brain Atlas contains inaccurate spatial coordinates for dissected tissue samples, which can lead to incorrect identification of genes and compromise further analysis.
7164h agoThe brain's default mode and dorsal attention networks play distinct roles in controlling creativity, with the default mode network gating access to creative states and the dorsal attention network regulating the quality of creative output.
7164h agoA hierarchical system of transcription factors builds, diversifies, and sexually differentiates neurons that compose complex instinctual circuits in the brain.
7164h agoThe brain extracts a familiar face's identity, age, and gender in a rapid and view-invariant manner, with identity information emerging first, followed by age and gender information, and task demands influencing later processing stages.
7164h agoForgotten memories remain stored in the brain's episodic memory network and continue to influence behavior, with their neural traces persisting and even becoming more deeply embedded over time.
7164h agoA new brain-muscular-hand interface that uses a two-step strategy based on natural evolution enables people to control devices with higher accuracy and in less training time.
7168h agoA new brain graph foundation model called BrainGFM uses graph contrastive learning and graph masked autoencoders to pre-train on large-scale fMRI data from 27 neuroimaging datasets, enabling it to generalize across different brain representations and disorders.
7168h agoA new model, GLM-Transformer, identifies functional coupling between neural populations while accounting for evolving background dynamics and nonstationary individual-neuron dynamics.
7168h agoBrain regions form dynamic pathways to perform tasks, and specific constraints, such as routing costs and expert dropout, encourage the reliable formation of these pathways.
7168h agoA new model learns to encode the effects of hearing loss on neural activity in the auditory midbrain, accurately predicting neural responses in both normal and hearing-impaired animals.
7168h agoDiffusion models exhibit two phases, a strong memorization phase with small data where the network creates distinct basins of attraction around each sample, and a phase with large data where new attractor states emerge, leading to spurious states at the boundary of this transition.
7168h agoThe decision strategies used by brain and deep neural networks trained on image classification are fundamentally different, with model-brain similarity decreasing as model performance on ImageNet-1k increases.
7168h agoEarly Vision Networks, a new type of hybrid neural network that mimics the primate visual system, exhibit stronger robustness and shape bias, outperforming standard neural networks by 8.5% on a benchmark of robustness evaluations.
7168h agoA minimalistic representation model learns a high-dimensional head direction representation that captures essential properties of head direction cells, demonstrating Gaussian-like tuning profiles, a 2D circle geometry, and accurate path integration.
7168h agoThe hippocampus enables spatial navigation by forming cognitive maps, which can be replicated with proximity-preserving neural embeddings that encode multi-scale random walk transitions to create an environmental map for robust navigation.
7168h agoA simple algorithm based on geometric inference effectively fills missing entries in Representational Dissimilarity Matrices using known distances.
7168h agoNonlinear behavior in coupled systems can reduce the effectiveness of early warning signals in predicting tipping points, especially when a slowly changing "upstream" system forces a more rapidly changing "downstream" system.
7168h agoA single combining amplification law, represented in universal phase diagrams, reveals how spectral criticality, resonance, and non-normality interact to amplify responses in linear dynamical systems.
7168h agoSmall phase perturbations can dramatically enhance or suppress collective synchronization in Kuramoto oscillator networks.
7168h agoA highly accurate effective model with two degrees of freedom describes kink movement in the sine-Gordon model with space- and time-dependent parameters over long times.
7168h agoThe cohomology classes of curve strata with specific properties form a partial cohomological field theory that coincides with the BKP hierarchy under certain conditions.
7168h agoA magnetic Duffing oscillator, with a double-well magnetic potential, exhibits chaotic behavior when subjected to periodically oscillating external forces and an external magnetic field.
7168h agoDynamic targeting allows for agile, fast, and continuous wavelength tuning in lasers, enabling a stable and controlled frequency shift of over 2.1 GHz.
7168h agoTwisted triple crossing diagram maps provide geometric realizations of cluster integrable systems constructed from toric dimer models.
7168h agoA local decoder for the 2D toric code uses strictly local quantum operations to preserve a logical state for exponential time in the presence of circuit-level noise.
7168h agoThe model describes how two populations interact through predator-prey relationships, using a kinetic framework that connects microscopic interactions to macroscopic dynamics.
7168h agoThe free energy density of the XX chain in a magnetic field is obtained using two methods within the Quantum Transfer Matrix approach.
7168h agoA free quantum particle with a mass profile that has jump discontinuities has eigenfunctions that exhibit erratic dependence on energy, leading to irregular spectral behaviour and infinitely many distinct semiclassical limits.
7168h agoQuasiperiodic systems with correlated on-site and hopping disorder exhibit reentrant localization transitions, where a subset of localized states become delocalized again as disorder strength increases.
7168h agoKolmogorov-Arnold networks provide a computationally efficient representation for quantum Monte Carlo simulations, being about 10 times cheaper than other neural network-based methods.
7168h agoA discontinuous breaking of replica symmetry at a certain temperature implies the existence of an intermediate shattered phase in mean-field spin glasses.
7168h agoMetallic glasses undergo a glass transition due to a continuous rigidity percolation transition, where five-fold symmetric atomic clusters aggregate to form a system-spanning rigid network that marks the onset of mechanical stability.
7168h agoCorrelation between a spiked matrix and a spiked tensor enables efficient recovery of high-dimensional signals through Bayesian Approximate Message Passing.
7168h agoProteins exhibit properties of critically disordered metals, with their composition and geometry self-organized into the critical state of the Anderson transition.
7168h agoDecomposing large problems into smaller subsystems and combining solutions works well when the subsystems are not too complex, and local methods achieve high accuracy when problems are not at a critical point.
7168h agoUp to 60% of texts and 99% of manuscripts of Medieval French chivalric literature were lost, and the study of text transmission can be improved by using a complexity science approach that integrates modelling, simulation, and data analysis.
7168h agoPupillometry research now has a new tool called eyeris, a complete preprocessing suite that helps make data analysis more reproducible and follows best practices for handling data.
7168h agoA long non-coding RNA called Neuronal Identity (NeuID) regulates neuronal function and its downregulation contributes to Alzheimer's disease, by repressing developmental and glial genes.
7168h agoAlcohol exposure inhibits the release of a chemical called acetylcholine in a specific part of the brain, and repeated exposure to alcohol leads to a decrease in the brain cells responsible for producing this chemical.
7168h agoA knowledge-driven framework that uses large language models achieved an average accuracy of 79% in inferring human intention to control a brain-computer interface.
7168h agoAlzheimer's disease in rats causes changes in brain function, including reduced connectivity and abnormal activation patterns, which are linked to memory impairments and elevated blood amyloid levels.
7168h agoStress causes a long-lasting increase in fear responses, and a specific region in the brain, the posterior paraventricular thalamus (pPVT), is persistently hyperactive after stress, contributing to this increased fear response.
7168h agoDisruptions in the Pmm2 gene lead to cerebellar hypoplasia, ataxia, and early lethality in mice, with the developing cerebellum showing a heightened dependency on intact N-glycosylation.
7168h agoThe newly developed sensor PGE2-1.0 can detect endogenous PGE2 dynamics with high spatial and temporal resolution, revealing spatial heterogeneity in PGE2 dynamics during acute inflammation and seizure.
7168h agoChanges in brain activity patterns called neuronal avalanches during training predict a person's ability to use brain-computer interfaces, allowing for the development of personalized training protocols.
7168h agoAutoantibodies against fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 cause pain hypersensitivity by acting on sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia, leading to neuropathic pain in patients with sensory neuronopathies and small fiber neuropathies.
7168h agoTwo diffusion NMR-based methods found that water exchange rates in yeast cells and optic nerves change before and after fixation, and that a new tri-compartmental model is needed to accurately analyze data from complex systems like white matter.
7168h agoThe mouse retina has around 150 types of neurons that interpret visual information, and new tools using AAV vectors have been developed to study specific cell types, allowing for characterization of retinal ganglion cell types and their projection patterns to the brain.
7168h agoMutations in the MDGA1 gene cause distinct abnormalities in brain development that lead to autism-like behaviors in mice, and treatment with bazedoxifene restores these changes in male mice.
7168h agoWhen people with different movement speeds work together, they coordinate their movements to minimize interaction force and adopt a similar speed, with the slower person's speed largely determining the team's speed.
7168h agoUnconscious sensory information from different senses can interact and influence perception, as shown by the finding that sounds are localized towards unconscious flash locations.
7168h agoThe chironomid nervous system, specifically the central ganglia, nerves, and neuromuscular system, is described to facilitate its use in detecting toxicity in freshwater environments.
7168h agoCommonly used cell culture media do not accurately replicate human cerebrospinal fluid ion concentrations, causing abnormal neuronal activity.
7172h agoSocial interactions suppress male courtship behavior in fruit flies by reprogramming the circadian arousal state, while social isolation increases courtship by changing the expression and function of certain genes.
7172h agoPower-to-power cross-frequency coupling can detect seizures with high accuracy and each of three common seizure components has a unique signature.
7172h agoThe pattern of temporal modulation of light on the retina during eye movements contains the signal for the eye to detect defocus and grow to minimize refractive error.
7172h agoMice are highly motivated to build nests before sleep during the day, but this motivation decreases at night, and sleep deprivation reduces the desire to build nests and leads to a direct transition into sleep.
7172h agoThe fastACI toolbox provides a flexible framework for collecting and analyzing data from auditory reverse-correlation experiments to assess acoustic features used by listeners.
7172h agoCo-occurring TDP-43 and Alzheimer's disease pathology leads to increased cryptic exon inclusion, which correlates with TDP-43 dysfunction and affects protein levels and biological processes in the hippocampus.
7172h agoThe study finds that gamma-glutamyl-cysteine, a key intermediate in glutathione synthesis, provides neuroprotection against perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) toxicity, uncovering a new mechanism to explain how PFOS harms the nervous system.
7172h agoEach olfactory neuron and its target neuron expresses a unique combination of Beat and Side genes, which are regulated by genetic programs and may contribute to the formation of specific neural connections.
7172h agoNOTCH3 variants cause cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells to switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype, leading to extracellular matrix accumulation, impaired cell adhesion, and increased risk of small vessel disease and vascular dementia.
7172h agoDepletion of PTBP1 in mature astrocytes does not drive neuronal reprogramming, instead altering RNA splicing in a way that does not lead to widespread induction of neurons.
7172h agoImmunoPET imaging with Lec-Fab8D3 enables specific detection of brain amyloid beta pathology in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model, with Zirconium-89 showing superior results due to its compatible half-life.
7172h agoDamage to the entopeduncular nucleus causes motor dysfunction, and the extent of this damage is closely linked to the severity of motor impairments.
7172h agoSkin cells help animals sense painful temperatures by becoming sensitive to heat, which then makes them more responsive to painful stimuli.
7172h agoInsect odorant receptors can distinguish between very similar chemical compounds by forming a reversible covalent bond with certain molecules, allowing them to detect and discriminate amongst a wide range of smells.
7172h agoResting-state EEG activity differs between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls, and between patients with short- and long-duration symptoms, with anxiety scores improving the accuracy of classification.
7176h agoEarly-life seizures impair neural networks in the medial prefrontal cortex, leading to lasting cognitive deficits, but treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) can restore network function and improve cognitive outcomes.
7176h agoAstrocytes develop a pro-inflammatory epigenetic memory, which is supported by multiple studies using different methods, including in vivo and in vitro experiments and analysis of multiple sclerosis samples.
7176h agoNew genetically encoded voltage indicators, ElectraON and ElectraOFF, have improved photostability, allowing for longer recordings of neuronal activity in both lab-grown cells and live mice.
7176h agoNeural quantum sensing with optically pumped magnetometers outperforms EEG and conventional MEG in signal-to-noise ratio and signal coherence, with improvements of up to 200% and 40%, respectively.
7176h agoNeonatal morphine exposure alters gene expression in midbrain cells, leading to changes in pain pathways, but probiotic supplementation can mitigate these effects.
7176h agoSingle-nucleus analysis of 1.6 million macaque cortical cells identifies distinct chromatin accessibility profiles linked to specific cell types, regions, and disease-risk genes in the primate cortex.
7180h agoThe left inferior parietal cortex directly affects neural responses in the ventral occipital-temporal cortex when processing manipulable objects, and the left arcuate fasciculus mediates the structural connectivity between parietal and temporal lobes that supports the integration of action and object representations.
7180h agoAberrant updating of expectations occurs in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder due to excess units encoding deviations from prior mean and a lack of sensory prediction errors in frontal areas.
7184h agoBurst firing in neurons arises from the interactions between intrinsic conductances, calcium mobilization, and synaptic stochasticity, which modulate neural coding under active synaptic bombardments.
7184h agoThe brain's ability to perform a wide range of computations on a minimal energy budget is achieved through constantly updated effective connectivity, which allows it to adapt to multiple stimuli and outcomes.
7184h agoThe Topological Morphology Descriptor (TMD) and its temporal extension (TTMD) accurately classify and analyze the growth dynamics of neuronal morphologies, enabling the detection of altered branching rate dynamics in genetically modified mutants.
7184h agoExcitatory and inhibitory synapses assemble in a coordinated way to maintain a balance between them during the development of neural circuits.
7184h agoThe brain processes language hierarchically across regions over time, and a new method can decompose neural responses to language features, capturing semantic information and improving encoding performance.
7184h agoRegions of the language network are coupled to one another through subspaces of shared linguistic features to facilitate language processing.
7184h agoPeople with 22q11 deletion syndrome have impaired cerebrovascular reactivity, particularly in areas like the anterior cingulate cortex and frontal lobes, which predicts the development of psychotic symptoms.
7184h agoSCN2A deficiency impairs long-range cortical axonal projections, reduces striatal spine density, and attenuates excitatory cortical-striatal synaptic transmission, leading to network hyperexcitability in human neural circuits.
7184h agoThe hippocampus, specifically its posterior part, plays a role in verbal memory, and its activity is negatively related to verbal memory test performance.
7184h agoA new implantable microprism interface allows for minimally-invasive, wide-field imaging with high brightness and resolution in deep brain areas.
7188h agoAugmentor (Fam150b) signaling through the ALK receptor in the hypothalamus helps control food intake and energy balance, and its expression increases in response to stress-induced inflammation.
7188h agoThe loss of neurofibromin function leads to cognitive dysfunction in neurofibromatosis type 1, and inhibiting Cxcr4 signaling with the drug Plerixafor improves learning in a zebrafish model of the disorder.
7188h agoVariational free energy accurately estimates how well a driver’s brain learns vehicle dynamics and predicts their steering performance.
7192h agoFundamental cognitive processes align with quantum principles, suggesting that humanoid AI should process information using quantum-theoretic laws.
7192h agoLarge Language Models can help study collective cognition by addressing complexity that has hindered it so far and also raise new risks that need methods.
7192h agoA new human sensory-musculoskeletal model, called SMS-Human, integrates multisensory inputs with precise anatomical representations to simulate human motor behaviors, including bipedal locomotion, object manipulation, and human-machine interaction.
7192h agoA novel model-based intrinsic drive called 3M-Progress enables artificial agents to exhibit robust autonomous exploration and naturalistic behavior similar to animals by tracking divergence between the agent's current world model and an ethological prior.
7192h agoA simple algorithm based on geometric inference effectively fills missing entries in Representational Dissimilarity Matrices using known distances.
7192h agoVariables related to intensity and training variability best predict learning success in auditory category learning, and training changes brain activity in speech and motor-related regions.
7192h agoA new method for pre-training brain computer interface models using self-supervised learning learns a representation of brain activity that supports standard tasks and reveals features related to individual variability and electrophysiological components.
7192h agoTransfer learning enhances the accuracy of sleep-stage decoding from wearable devices by leveraging neural network models pretrained on electroencephalographic signals.
7192h agoEEG2TEXT-CN, a new framework, generates text from brain signals in Chinese by aligning multichannel brain signals with natural language representations.
7192h agoThe Latent Structured Hopfield Network (LSHN) model integrates Hopfield attractor dynamics into an autoencoder architecture to effectively recall past experiences by associating semantic elements.
7192h agoIntegrating multimodal data fusion techniques helps analyze Alzheimer's disease, but current methods have flaws, so a new approach, the dynamic multimodal role-swapping network (GenDMR), was developed to better incorporate genetic information and improve diagnosis.
7192h agoThe engram theory, which suggests that sparse populations of neurons undergo lasting changes to support long-term memory, gains support from a synthesis of insights from cellular neuroscience and computational modeling, indicating that memory efficiency, capacity, and stability result from the interaction of plasticity and sparsity constraints.
7192h agoChanges in behavior can occur abruptly or continuously, and a new model predicts these changes without relying on underlying behavioral states.
7192h agoThe Reverse Facilitation Effect, where neutral trials are faster than congruent trials, occurs mainly due to attentional dynamics with limited resources.
7192h agoCortico-thalamic circuits in the brain are structured to perform a computation similar to multihead self-attention, a key component of artificial transformer networks.
7192h agoA novel neural network framework reveals that nonlinear recurrent processing is important for general-purpose tactile representations in the somatosensory cortex and helps achieve robust tactile perception.
7192h agoThe study discusses non-ideal systems where excitation sources have limited power and varying frequencies, and explores nonlinear phenomena such as the Sommerfeld effect and saturation phenomenon.
7192h agoThe Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rules are proved for the self-adjoint Zakharov-Shabat system and the Schrödinger equation with two simple turning points.
7192h agoThe structure of a network determines the number and stability of collective behaviors that emerge in groups, with even small changes to the network leading to a large increase in possible behaviors.
7192h agoDissipative Kerr solitons in nonlinear resonators can be engineered to create reconfigurable optical frequency combs with tunable spectrum by coupling resonator arrays with nonreciprocal couplings.
7192h agoThe integrable field generalization of the elliptic Calogero-Moser model is gauge equivalent to the higher rank XYZ Landau-Lifshitz model of vector type on 1+1 dimensional space-time.
7192h agoIn preschool classrooms, people align side-by-side when close and face-to-face when farther apart, due to a competition among alignment mechanisms that generates a sudden change in behavior at a certain distance.
7192h agoThe interaction between electromagnetic and aeroelastic forces can cause a Hyperloop vehicle to exhibit limit-cycle vibrations, and modulating the aeroelastic force can suppress or amplify parametric resonance induced by electromagnetic forces.
7192h agoFactorization methods help find stationary point vortex patterns in two-dimensional fluid mechanics, and patterns related to soliton solutions and Schrodinger operators provide complete solutions for certain classes of vortex systems.
7192h agoThe hierarchy of coupled Burgers-like equations arises from nonclassical symmetries of previous equations, and each element in the hierarchy has a five-dimensional Lie algebra of classical point symmetries.
7192h agoChanges in sea surface temperatures drive warming through radiative forcing, and a novel approach called response theory helps diagnose this link by capturing interactions between ocean and atmosphere to produce a sensitivity map of radiative flux responses.
7192h agoThe spectrum of geodesic motion on high-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds displays a Schwarzian mean level density, implying a possible duality to Jackiw-Teitelboim-type quantum gravity at the level of a single system.
7192h agoThe Korteweg-de Vries conserved quantities represent a useful tool to identify instabilities in the black hole spectrum of quasi-normal modes and their greybody factors.
7192h agoThe elliptic Calogero-Inozemtsev system of BCn type has a proposed R-matrix valued generalization for its 2n x 2n Lax pair.
7192h agoThe dense associative memory, a type of modern Hopfield network, can store large numbers of memory patterns, and its dynamics show convergence properties and attraction basin sizes that are analyzable through an exact approach.
7192h agoThe SYK chain exhibits efficient information scrambling and thermalization in individual energy eigenstates, with two-point correlation functions matching their thermal counterparts.
7192h agoParticles in a dynamic space filling process on a graph hop to neighboring vertices until each vertex is occupied by one particle, with the average time this takes scaling with the number of vertices as $N^{4/d}$ in low dimensions and as $N$ in high dimensions.
7192h agoA hybrid quantum-classical MCMC framework that combines a quantum circuit with a generative neural sampler improves sampling efficiency by 100 times over conventional methods.
7192h agoThe attention-indexed model (AIM) framework analyzes learning in deep attention layers by capturing how token-level outputs emerge from interactions over high-dimensional embeddings.
7192h agoSineKAN, a neural quantum state ansatz, accurately captures ground state energies, fidelities, and correlation functions of several quantum many-body models, outperforming other neural quantum state ansatze.
7192h agoEnergy injected at microscopic scales in biological systems can persist at larger scales, and a new coarse-graining procedure helps determine how much irreversibility is retained.
7192h agoThe study investigates the strong-coupling limit of the SU(3) symmetric Fermi-Hubbard model, finding similar magnetic correlations and enhanced binding energies compared to the SU(2) square lattice equivalent.
7192h agoThe many-body localisation transition can be described by emergent characteristic energy scales that determine the behaviour of eigenstates in different phases.
7192h agoThe GHWS model reveals a discretization of parameter space into distinct collective dynamic states through basic processes with minimal modelling ingredients.
7192h agoThe Holstein mechanism in a single-electron system shows a quantum phase transition with distinct short-time and long-time behaviors.
7192h agoRidge regression's in- and out-of-sample risks have sharp asymptotics when data points have arbitrary correlations, and a modified estimator called CorrGCV provides an efficiently-computable unbiased estimate of the out-of-sample risk.
7192h agoPolaritonic chemistry and spin glasses are linked through a theoretical framework that explains how strong collective coupling to field fluctuations enables site- and bond-selective chemistry at room temperature.
7192h agoPhase crystals emerge at edges of a nodal d-wave superconductor and can survive up to 40-50% of the superconducting critical impurity strength, even with disorder present.
7192h agoRandom fiber networks' mechanical behavior is determined by a small subset of load-bearing fibers that form force chains, and their structure-function relationships can be predicted from structural information using an analytical approach.
7192h agoA repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene leads to production of abnormal proteins that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, and mice engineered to produce one of these abnormal proteins develop mild motor dysfunction and protein changes.
7196h agoThe precision required for an action affects how people encode, maintain, and act on visual information in working memory, with higher precision leading to deeper encoding, more effortful maintenance, and more precise but slower reports.
7200h agoThe functional organisation of the cervical spinal cord has individual-specific properties, forming a unique "fingerprint" similar to that found in the brain.
7200h agoA new model that incorporates information about brain areas and their relationships improves the accuracy of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in tracking brain activity.
7200h agoA multiscale modeling approach predicts how molecular changes in the brain, such as those caused by anesthetics, affect overall brain activity.
7204h agoEngineered reporters called Released Markers of Activity (RMAs) allow noninvasive measurement of transgene expression in the brain of nonhuman primates through blood tests.
7204h agoStroke causes disrupted muscle recruitment, including over-recruitment of proximal muscles and reduced phasic activation of distal muscles, which correlates with motor impairment and time since stroke.
7204h agoNeuronal aging causes widespread problems with RNA biology, including mislocalization of splicing proteins, chronic cellular stress, and reduced resiliency.
7208h agoStroke induces changes in gene expression, cell behavior, and brain networks, and strategies to enhance cellular reprogramming and brain network reorganization may improve recovery outcomes.
7208h agoSome neurons act like body-proximity sensors that reflect the value of contacting or avoiding objects and compose a flexible predictive model for interacting with the world near the body.
7208h agoThe lack of STING protein leads to a faster brain response to alpha-synuclein protein deposits, but does not affect the overall loss of dopamine-producing neurons in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
7208h agoChanges in motivation, such as those seen in male mice after mating, occur over several days and are controlled by two mechanisms that regulate dopamine transmission in the brain.
7208h agoThe miRNA profile in HT22 cell line most closely matches that of mouse primary neuronal cultures, and over 300 miRNAs are similarly expressed across HT22, N2A, SH-SY5Y cell lines, and primary neurons.
7208h agoRedundancy masking involves the integration of neural signals from neighboring visual elements, rather than their suppression, when the brain reduces the number of perceived items in repeating patterns.
7212h agoRetrieving a concept through different levels of semantic detail leaves a detectable neural trace that shapes how the concept is reactivated later in the brain.
7212h agoA multi-region distributed learning model proposes that two populations of neurons, a controller and an adapter, work together to enable motor learning and adaptation to environmental changes.
7212h agoDopamine D1-like receptor activation primes area CA2 for synaptic plasticity, relieving its resistance to change and linking it to potential deficits in social memory.
7212h agoChronic social stress changes the gene expression in specific brain cells, called medium spiny neurons, in female mice, which can contribute to depression-like behaviors.
7212h agoThe accumulation of misfolded Amyloid beta and tau protein in Alzheimer Disease is likely caused by impaired waste removal through an extensive glial canal system formed by tanycytes, and these proteins may play a structural role in waste uptake.
7212h agoScientists have mapped the connections between sensory neurons in the wings of flies and their central nervous system, identifying both known and new neurons, including a population of proprioceptors that help control wing movement.
7212h agoAdvancements in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations.
7216h agoA neuroimaging-based biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been identified by linking brain imaging data with gene expression profiles, enabling early diagnosis.
7216h agoWeak connectivity in brain structural connections predicts human cognitive abilities and supports brain functions by amplifying its small weight in a nonlinear manner.
7216h agoA method can design a spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation to steer neural activity and behavior towards a desired target by identifying effective perturbation sites and combining approaches from nonlinear dynamical systems, control theory, and data-driven methods.
7216h agoA new method called Representational Differences Explanations (RDX) enables direct and interpretable comparisons between two learned representations, revealing meaningful distinctions between models.
7216h agoThe "surface wave" model and the "axoplasmic pressure wave" model describe the same underlying process.
7216h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
7216h agoThe Temporal Attention-enhanced Variational Graph Recurrent Neural Network (TAVRNN) model reveals relationships between adaptive behavior and the changing organization of neural networks, and generalizes across diverse neural systems and modalities.
7216h agoThe presence of faces in visual stimuli causally affects the connections within the brain's face-selective network, and subcortical regions play a crucial role in the network's causal structure.
7216h agoThe aperiodic neural activity can have different scaling exponents in low- and high-frequency regimes, and a new algorithm called MMSPM can estimate these exponents separately, revealing a bimodality pattern in EEG spectra.
7216h agoComplex systems develop structured network topologies through random processes only if they have critical topological complexity and dynamic alignment between topology and functionality.
7216h agoCell proliferation and diffusion can be accurately modeled using non-linear transformations of heat equation solutions with a Richards growth function.
7216h agoQuasi-homogeneous integrable systems have a parameter space with a Frobenius manifold structure that preserves a symplectic form under the induced flow, governing emergence of fractional powers and breakdown of the Painlev\'e property.
7216h agoThe autonomous system of 2 ordinary differential equations can be explicitly solved if its 23 coefficients are defined by specific formulas in terms of 15 arbitrary parameters.
7216h agoThe cascade size, single-seed cascade probability, and cascade condition in a Watts cascade model on directed multiplex networks are affected by induced patterns of node activity.
7216h agoOptimal network structures exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking as a function of resource scaling, and fluctuations can lead to a transition from a symmetry-broken state to a symmetric state.
7216h agoAdvancements in evolutionary theory can inform a new design paradigm for AI, helping to overcome its current limitations.
7216h agoEcho state networks combined with transfer learning accurately predict changes in long-term statistical patterns of the generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation across different parameter settings.
7216h agoIntroducing a symmetry-breaking disorder forces quantum states to penetrate a larger Hilbert space, driving the system to a chaotic phase and affecting quantum revivals and entanglement.
7216h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
7216h agoPairwise interactions alone can give rise to synergistic information in complex systems, even without explicit higher-order mechanisms.
7216h agoNumber-conserving cellular automata can be simulated on a computer to find interesting rules that govern interacting particles, such as grains of sand.
7216h agoDamage to a single link in a weighted network can enhance, deteriorate, or have no impact on the synchronization of coupled oscillators, and a mathematical framework can identify conditions where damage has these effects.
7216h agoThe Lorenz system has at least three dynamical constants of motion, despite its typical chaotic behavior.
7216h agoThe global density-of-states correlation function shows GUE-type oscillations at low energies, decaying exponentially at the Thouless energy scale, and matches previous results at high energies.
7216h agoThe correlation fractal dimension can be directly obtained from the long-time dynamics of interacting many-body quantum systems.
7216h agoTwo papers published in 1975 by Edwards and Anderson, and Sherrington and Kirkpatrick sparked new directions in several fields of science with their work on spin glasses and a new phase of matter.
7216h agoThe mineral Kutinaite exhibits metallic diamagnetism due to a unique frustrated vacancy ordering of its copper sublattice when cooled below 300 K.
7216h agoFinite-time scaling approach can characterize bifurcation diagrams in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, and it reveals connections between temporal and spatial observables in complex systems.
7216h agoCorrelated emission of light between atomic spins happens under specific conditions when color centers emit into an electronic bath of conduction electrons.
7216h agoThe initialisation of neural networks determines smooth training and good performance, and an analytical theory shows that the variance of query and key initialisations in transformer blocks governs two regimes: a low-variance regime with rank collapse and a high-variance regime with entropy collapse.
7216h agoThe memorisation-to-generalisation transition in diffusion models occurs when the number of training samples N is roughly equal to the dimension of the inputs d.
7216h agoSupply networks behave differently depending on their topology and use of buffer stocks, with firms benefiting from broad, short supply chains and topology being crucial when stocks are used.
7216h agoStatistical physics analysis reveals that feature learning in a two-layer neural network emerges as the number of data increases, with learning transitions occurring based on the contribution of hidden neurons to observed responses.
7216h agoFidelity decays exponentially with circuit depth and the number of qubits, and has a linear relationship with the heavy output frequency used in Quantum Volume tests.
7216h agoScrambling unitary dynamics in a quantum system creates a non-local web of correlations that can exist in three distinct phases, characterised by different forms of quantum correlations between two disjoint subsystems.
7216h agoA passive leakage removal unit based on an array of coupled disordered transmons effectively removes leakage excitations from the qubit subspace, protecting quantum error correction protocols.
7216h agoSelf-attention layers can be characterized by dynamical systems analysis, which shows that normalization layers help improve inference performance by forcing dynamics close to a critical state.
7216h agoAtypical antipsychotics, such as clozapine and olanzapine, affect microglia biology indirectly by altering the secretion of extracellular vesicles from astrocytes.
7220h agoRHIM-derived tetrapeptides directly inhibit beta-amyloid aggregation, disassemble preformed fibrils, and reduce neural death and necroptosis, leading to improved cognition and memory in Alzheimer's disease models.
7224h agoThe transport of neuropeptide-containing vesicles in axons depends on a complex of proteins, including Sunday Driver, RUFY, dynein, and kinesin-1, which work together to recruit and regulate motor proteins.
7224h agoThe brain recruits spatial mechanisms to help represent time when faster, non-spatial timekeeping mechanisms are not working well.
7224h agoAstrocytes generate and release amyloid-beta aggregates, and their production increases when they experience lysosomal stress, which triggers a reactive phenotype marked by inflammation.
7224h agoTraumatic brain injury causes about 50% loss of retinal ganglion cell axons and terminals, but surviving axons can generate collateral sprouting to restore terminal density and connectivity, leading to improved visual function.
7225h agoA single mechanism of competitive inhibition between monocular populations can account for the depth of perceptual suppression across different visual rivalry paradigms.
7225h agoLithium ions move through sodium channels in neurons with similar ease as sodium ions, but differences exist between neuron types.
7225h agoChronic nicotine exposure from pouches increases seizure risk, impairs glymphatic function, and causes neuroinflammation, but inhaled cannabidiol (CBD) can reverse these harmful effects.
7225h agoStudy identifies DnaJ domain chaperones that can reduce or increase the toxicity of ALS-related proteins TDP-43 and FUS in yeast cells, offering potential targets for developing neuroprotective agents against ALS.
7225h agoThe histone variant H2A.Z plays a protective role in males with Alzheimer's disease but has a detrimental effect in females, with its binding in chromatin decreasing in females and increasing in males with the disease.
7225h agoHyperglycemia causes axon injury by activating the NADase SARM1 through a molecular link with pyruvate kinase M (PKM), leading to NAD+ depletion and axonal fragmentation.
7225h agoNutrients such as zinc, amino acids, and serine improve social behaviors in autism mouse models by reconfiguring neural connections and altering protein patterns.
7225h agoThe brain uses dynamic 'urgency' processes that reduce the amount of evidence needed to make a decision as time passes, and this process is also reflected in a specific brain signal called the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV).
7225h agoSounds paired with tactile exploration of textured surfaces change cortical excitability and emotional responses, particularly increasing the perceived unpleasantness of a rough surface when disagreeable sounds are used.
7225h agoThe nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) volume is inversely associated with cortical amyloid burden in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease.
7225h agoA non-human primate model of internal capsule infarct shows that damage to this brain region leads to persistent distal motor deficits and emergence of adaptive motor strategies.
7229h agoOlder adults tend to report fewer complex hallucinations than younger adults, both during and after an experiment designed to induce hallucinations.
7229h agoMovement-related signals shape auditory midbrain activity through both predictive and feedback mechanisms, even in the absence of auditory input.
7229h agoRats scan their environment along the entire length of a track, even when rewards are limited to the ends, and this scanning behavior increases in new environments and then declines with repeated exposure.
7229h agoSchizophrenia patients in the early stages have reduced structural connectivity in brain areas important for thinking, language, and executive functions.
7229h agoDexmedetomidine anesthesia produces a similar brain state to natural sleep, specifically N2 sleep, in terms of brain activity changes, more so than propofol anesthesia.
7229h agoIntuitive moral inference relies on four main moral dimensions - virtue, vice, hierarchy, and rebellion - which have distinct neural activation patterns in the brain.
7229h agoThree models of audio-visual integration, including OR, SUM, and REPEAT models, show different levels of multisensory integration, with the REPEAT model successfully capturing sensory repetition effects and the SUM model producing optimal but sometimes supra-optimal integration.
7229h agoNeural synchrony in the default mode network, particularly in the medial prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction, predicts the formation of social connections between people, especially during deep conversations.
7229h agoNeurons in the ventral precentral gyrus encode speech mode and loudness through their firing rates, allowing for decoding of attempted speech with high accuracy.
7229h agoHippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons receive specific patterns of excitatory and inhibitory synapses that help create place selectivity, with clustered excitatory synapses playing a key role in preserving spatial tuning.
7229h agoTransplanting healthy interneuron progenitors into mice with Alzheimer's-like symptoms restores slow brain oscillation and improves brain function.
7229h agoCHPG enhances the differentiation of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells through a mechanism that involves binding to mGluR5 receptors, which are expressed on these cells, not on astrocytes, and this effect may become relevant in multiple sclerosis pathology.
7229h agoInfluenza A virus infection during pregnancy increases the transfer of molecules from the mother's blood into the fetal brain, potentially triggering inflammatory pathways that contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.
7229h agoPrenatal alcohol exposure reduces the number and activity of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum, leading to impaired cognitive flexibility and compulsive drinking behavior in adult offspring.
7229h agoVisuotactile integration of spatial frequency cues follows the Maximum Likelihood Estimation rule, but is not affected by spatial proximity.
7229h agoThe Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) helps protect CA2 neurons from excitotoxic damage by supporting unique mitochondrial calcium handling capabilities.
7229h agoThe brain uses similar and different neural populations to encode articulatory movements during speech imagery and actual speech articulation, with shared populations in frontoparietal cortex and modality-specific populations in primary sensorimotor cortex.
7229h agoAn adaptive aberration correction method improves the quality of transcranial functional ultrasound imaging by accounting for skull-induced distortions, allowing for better imaging of brain layers near the skull.
7229h agoHigh-precision magnetoencephalography can accurately locate sources of neural activity across all six layers of the cortex, enabling the study of laminar-specific neural dynamics in human cognition and behavior.
7229h agoAstrocytic glycogenolysis in the anterior cingulate cortex controls pain chronification by inducing cancer-associated metabolic pathways.
7229h agoHyperactive inhibitory signaling and complement signaling coordinate to drive the selective elimination of inhibitory synapses, disrupting the balance of neurotransmission and contributing to the development of epilepsy.
7229h agoThe gamma-Pcdhs, specifically the C-type isoforms, have different roles in the nervous system, with gammaC4 being essential for neuronal survival but not required for self-avoidance in starburst amacrine cells.
7229h agoStimulation of the RMTg to VTA pathway suppresses reward seeking and promotes shifts in cost-benefit decisions, leading to avoidance learning in rats.
7229h agoA method using short observations of neural activity identifies effective brain stimulation sites and designs complex patterns to steer neural activity towards a desired target.
7229h agoInfra-slow EEG oscillations track meaningful contextual transitions during social interaction and their alignment facilitates shared understanding and joint action.
7229h agoEarly life pain and stress alter nervous system development, leading to susceptibility to fear, anxiety, depression, and chronic pain, and affect corticotropin releasing factor signaling in a sex-dependent manner.
7229h agoTRIM71 protein plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal development of the inner ear and hearing by regulating cell growth and differentiation.
7229h agoSTN-DBS improves temporal prediction performance in Parkinson's disease patients, likely by modulating beta and delta oscillatory activity.
7229h agoAge-related hearing loss changes the way neurons in the auditory cortex respond to sounds, with aged monkeys showing less distinction between different areas of the cortex and reduced response fidelity.
7229h agoMaternal immune activation during nursing disrupts milk quality and offspring neurobehavioral development, but environmental enrichment can rescue these effects by altering milk-derived extracellular vesicles that deliver signals to offspring.
7229h agoThe brain updates error sensitivity to learn from past errors, and this sensitivity is lower in unstable environments and higher in stable environments without perturbations.
7229h agoAxonal interactions of bilateral pioneer neurons initiate left-right asymmetry in a Drosophila central brain circuit, leading to hemisphere-specific microcircuits and affecting adult brain function.
7229h agoLi et al. define the classes of neurons, their connections, and how they acquire their identities in the intestinal submucosal plexus.
7229h agoDopamine responses in the brain track how animals interpret rewards and adjust their predictions based on what they believe is happening.
7229h agoThe choroid plexus provides molecular cues for brain development by releasing proteins through an apocrine secretion mechanism that changes the composition of the fluid surrounding the brain and guides cortical development.
7229h agoActivation of certain neurons in the lateral hypothalamus causes animals to prioritize survival over other essential needs by triggering a suitable motor action.
7229h agoA computational framework helps study how molecular changes impact brain activity by evaluating how drugs on synaptic receptors lead to changes in large-scale brain activity.
7229h agoLemborexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, protects against neurodegeneration in male tau transgenic mice by preventing tau protein build-up and inflammation.
7229h agoGABA and C3 signaling coordinate microglial engulfment of inhibitory synapses, driving excitatory–inhibitory imbalance and neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy.
7229h agoA new framework reveals that rare but persistent breakthroughs disrupt the foundations of research fields while remaining central to future work.
7229h agoReliable algorithms for decision-making need to build upon causal reasoning to ensure they align with real-world task objectives.
7229h agoSTCase, an interpretable tool, uses a multi-view graph neural network to uncover functional niche-specific cell-cell communication events from spatial transcriptomics data.
7229h agoPsilocybin enhances fear extinction in mice by suppressing fear neurons and recruiting extinction neurons in the retrosplenial cortex through individual-neuron reorganization.
7229h agoPhotonic computing offers a promising alternative for efficient probabilistic computing by directly encoding data in physical quantities.
7229h agoWriting an effective presubmission enquiry requires following specific recommendations.
7229h agoMilestone papers are consistently linked with a lasting impact on previous work, known as persistent disruption, where they change earlier research but are not later replaced.
7229h agoThe use of generative artificial intelligence in healthcare raises challenges for fairness and health equity.
7229h ago